{"id":"-8741190354190322635","input":"who made more movies john wayne or clint eastwood","passages":[{"title":"Clint Eastwood","text":"As a politician , Eastwood has made successful forays into both local and state government . In April 1986 , he won election as mayor ( a nonpartisan position ) of his adopted hometown , Carmel - by - the - Sea , California -- a small , wealthy village and artists ' community on the Monterey Peninsula . During his two - year term , Eastwood supported small business interests while advocating environmental protection and constructing a library annex , along with public restrooms , beach walkways , and a tourists ' parking lot . In 2001 Eastwood was appointed to the California State Park and Recreation Commission by Governor Davis , then reappointed in 2004 by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger . As the vice chairman of the commission , in 2005 along with chairman Bobby Shriver , he led the movement opposed to a six - lane 16 - mile ( 26 km ) extension of California State Route 241 , a toll road that would cut through San Onofre State Beach . Eastwood and Shriver supported a 2006 lawsuit to block the toll road and urged the California Coastal Commission to reject the project , which it did in February 2008 . In March 2008 Eastwood and Shriver 's non-reappointment to the commission on the expiry of their terms prompted the Natural Resources Defense Council ( NRDC ) to request a legislative investigation into the decision . Governor Schwarzenegger appointed Eastwood to the California Film Commission in April 2004 . He was a spokesman for Take Pride in America , an agency of the United States Department of the Interior which advocates taking responsibility for natural , cultural , and historic resources .","sentences":["As a politician , Eastwood has made successful forays into both local and state government .","In April 1986 , he won election as mayor ( a nonpartisan position ) of his adopted hometown , Carmel - by - the - Sea , California -- a small , wealthy village and artists ' community on the Monterey Peninsula .","During his two - year term , Eastwood supported small business interests while advocating environmental protection and constructing a library annex , along with public restrooms , beach walkways , and a tourists ' parking lot .","In 2001 Eastwood was appointed to the California State Park and Recreation Commission by Governor Davis , then reappointed in 2004 by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger .","As the vice chairman of the commission , in 2005 along with chairman Bobby Shriver , he led the movement opposed to a six - lane 16 - mile ( 26 km ) extension of California State Route 241 , a toll road that would cut through San Onofre State Beach .","Eastwood and Shriver supported a 2006 lawsuit to block the toll road and urged the California Coastal Commission to reject the project , which it did in February 2008 .","In March 2008 Eastwood and Shriver 's non-reappointment to the commission on the expiry of their terms prompted the Natural Resources Defense Council ( NRDC ) to request a legislative investigation into the decision .","Governor Schwarzenegger appointed Eastwood to the California Film Commission in April 2004 .","He was a spokesman for Take Pride in America , an agency of the United States Department of the Interior which advocates taking responsibility for natural , cultural , and historic resources ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5975840199081721858","input":"where did john i want a divorce come from","passages":[{"title":"John Lennon","text":"Lennon 's love of wordplay and nonsense with a twist found a wider audience when he was 24 . Harry writes that In His Own Write ( 1964 ) was published after `` Some journalist who was hanging around the Beatles came to me and I ended up showing him the stuff . They said , ' Write a book ' and that 's how the first one came about '' . Like the Daily Howl it contained a mix of formats including short stories , poetry , plays and drawings . One story , `` Good Dog Nigel '' , tells the tale of `` a happy dog , urinating on a lamp post , barking , wagging his tail -- until he suddenly hears a message that he will be killed at three o'clock '' . The Times Literary Supplement considered the poems and stories `` remarkable ... also very funny ... the nonsense runs on , words and images prompting one another in a chain of pure fantasy '' . Book Week reported , `` This is nonsense writing , but one has only to review the literature of nonsense to see how well Lennon has brought it off . While some of his homonyms are gratuitous word play , many others have not only double meaning but a double edge . '' Lennon was not only surprised by the positive reception , but that the book was reviewed at all , and suggested that readers `` took the book more seriously than I did myself . It just began as a laugh for me '' .","sentences":["Lennon 's love of wordplay and nonsense with a twist found a wider audience when he was 24 .","Harry writes that In His Own Write ( 1964 ) was published after `` Some journalist who was hanging around the Beatles came to me and I ended up showing him the stuff .","They said , ' Write a book ' and that 's how the first one came about '' .","Like the Daily Howl it contained a mix of formats including short stories , poetry , plays and drawings .","One story , `` Good Dog Nigel '' , tells the tale of `` a happy dog , urinating on a lamp post , barking , wagging his tail -- until he suddenly hears a message that he will be killed at three o'clock '' .","The Times Literary Supplement considered the poems and stories `` remarkable ... also very funny ...","the nonsense runs on , words and images prompting one another in a chain of pure fantasy '' .","Book Week reported , `` This is nonsense writing , but one has only to review the literature of nonsense to see how well Lennon has brought it off .","While some of his homonyms are gratuitous word play , many others have not only double meaning but a double edge . ''","Lennon was not only surprised by the positive reception , but that the book was reviewed at all , and suggested that readers `` took the book more seriously than I did myself .","It just began as a laugh for me '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2092719796574890322","input":"who invented the lightning rod and bifocal glasses","passages":[{"title":"Bifocals","text":"Original bifocals were designed with the most convex lenses ( for close viewing ) in the lower half of the frame and the least convex lenses on the upper . Up until the beginning of the 20th century two separate lenses were cut in half and combined together in the rim of the frame . The mounting of two half lenses into a single frame led to a number of early complications and rendered such spectacles quite fragile . A method for fusing the sections of the lenses together was developed by Louis de Wecker at the end of the 19th century and patented by Dr. John L. Borsch , Jr. in 1908 . Today most bifocals are created by molding a reading segment into a primary lens and are available with the reading segments in a variety of shapes and sizes. The most popular is the D - segment , 28 mm wide ( citation needed ) . While the D - segment bifocal offers superior optics , an increasing number of people opt for progressive bifocal lenses .","sentences":["Original bifocals were designed with the most convex lenses ( for close viewing ) in the lower half of the frame and the least convex lenses on the upper .","Up until the beginning of the 20th century two separate lenses were cut in half and combined together in the rim of the frame .","The mounting of two half lenses into a single frame led to a number of early complications and rendered such spectacles quite fragile .","A method for fusing the sections of the lenses together was developed by Louis de Wecker at the end of the 19th century and patented by Dr. John L. Borsch , Jr. in 1908 .","Today most bifocals are created by molding a reading segment into a primary lens and are available with the reading segments in a variety of shapes and sizes.","The most popular is the D - segment , 28 mm wide ( citation needed ) .","While the D - segment bifocal offers superior optics , an increasing number of people opt for progressive bifocal lenses ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8157576354703508221","input":"what are the time divisions of the geologic time scale","passages":[{"title":"Geologic time scale","text":"Precambrian Proterozoic Neoproterozoic Ediacaran Good fossils of the first multi-celled animals . Ediacaran biota flourish worldwide in seas . Simple trace fossils of possible worm - like Trichophycus , etc . First sponges and trilobitomorphs . Enigmatic forms include many soft - jellied creatures shaped like bags , disks , or quilts ( like Dickinsonia ) . Taconic Orogeny in North America . Aravalli Range orogeny in Indian Subcontinent . Beginning of Petermann Orogeny on Australian continent . Beardmore Orogeny in Antarctica , 633 -- 620 Ma . ~ 635","sentences":["Precambrian Proterozoic Neoproterozoic Ediacaran Good fossils of the first multi-celled animals .","Ediacaran biota flourish worldwide in seas .","Simple trace fossils of possible worm - like Trichophycus , etc .","First sponges and trilobitomorphs .","Enigmatic forms include many soft - jellied creatures shaped like bags , disks , or quilts ( like Dickinsonia ) .","Taconic Orogeny in North America .","Aravalli Range orogeny in Indian Subcontinent .","Beginning of Petermann Orogeny on Australian continent .","Beardmore Orogeny in Antarctica , 633 -- 620 Ma .","~ 635"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2662798521020328829","input":"who sings another day of sun in la la land","passages":[{"title":"Another Day of Sun","text":"The sequence -- the first of the film to be shot -- was filmed over two days in August 2015 , in temperatures over 100 degrees . The song was filmed on a 130 - foot - high express ramp of the Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange between the Harbor Freeway ( Interstate 110 ) and the Glenn Anderson Freeway ( Interstate 105 ) in South Los Angeles . The ramp was closed for the two full days of filming . The rest of the highway was left open , so that normal traffic is visible in the background . The sequence was initially planned to be on a ground - level ramp , but it was changed to the interchange to give a sense of the vastness of the city . Director Damien Chazelle also likened the number 's location on a highway to the Yellow Brick Road in The Wizard of Oz .","sentences":["The sequence -- the first of the film to be shot -- was filmed over two days in August 2015 , in temperatures over 100 degrees .","The song was filmed on a 130 - foot - high express ramp of the Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange between the Harbor Freeway ( Interstate 110 ) and the Glenn Anderson Freeway ( Interstate 105 ) in South Los Angeles .","The ramp was closed for the two full days of filming .","The rest of the highway was left open , so that normal traffic is visible in the background .","The sequence was initially planned to be on a ground - level ramp , but it was changed to the interchange to give a sense of the vastness of the city .","Director Damien Chazelle also likened the number 's location on a highway to the Yellow Brick Road in The Wizard of Oz ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5336442305225205635","input":"what are the characteristics of images formed on the retina","passages":[{"title":"Retina","text":"Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of genetic diseases that affect the retina and cause the loss of night vision and peripheral vision . Macular degeneration describes a group of diseases characterized by loss of central vision because of death or impairment of the cells in the macula . Cone - rod dystrophy ( CORD ) describes a number of diseases where vision loss is caused by deterioration of the cones and \/ or rods in the retina . In retinal separation , the retina detaches from the back of the eyeball . Ignipuncture is an outdated treatment method . The term retinal detachment is used to describe a separation of the neurosensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium . There are several modern treatment methods for fixing a retinal detachment : pneumatic retinopexy , scleral buckle , cryotherapy , laser photocoagulation and pars plana vitrectomy . Both hypertension and diabetes mellitus can cause damage to the tiny blood vessels that supply the retina , leading to hypertensive retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy . Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the retina . Retinal diseases in dogs include retinal dysplasia , progressive retinal atrophy , and sudden acquired retinal degeneration . Lipemia retinalis is a white appearance of the retina , and can occur by lipid deposition in lipoprotein lipase deficiency .","sentences":["Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of genetic diseases that affect the retina and cause the loss of night vision and peripheral vision .","Macular degeneration describes a group of diseases characterized by loss of central vision because of death or impairment of the cells in the macula .","Cone - rod dystrophy ( CORD ) describes a number of diseases where vision loss is caused by deterioration of the cones and \/ or rods in the retina .","In retinal separation , the retina detaches from the back of the eyeball .","Ignipuncture is an outdated treatment method .","The term retinal detachment is used to describe a separation of the neurosensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium .","There are several modern treatment methods for fixing a retinal detachment : pneumatic retinopexy , scleral buckle , cryotherapy , laser photocoagulation and pars plana vitrectomy .","Both hypertension and diabetes mellitus can cause damage to the tiny blood vessels that supply the retina , leading to hypertensive retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy .","Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the retina .","Retinal diseases in dogs include retinal dysplasia , progressive retinal atrophy , and sudden acquired retinal degeneration .","Lipemia retinalis is a white appearance of the retina , and can occur by lipid deposition in lipoprotein lipase deficiency ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7234795036285514967","input":"where does the term hair of the dog come from","passages":[{"title":"Hair of the dog","text":"The expression originally referred to a method of treatment of a rabid dog bite by placing hair from the dog in the bite wound . Ebenezer Cobham Brewer writes in the Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ( 1898 ) : `` In Scotland it is a popular belief that a few hairs of the dog that bit you applied to the wound will prevent evil consequences . Applied to drinks , it means , if overnight you have indulged too freely , take a glass of the same wine within 24 hours to soothe the nerves . ' If this dog do you bite , soon as out of your bed , take a hair of the tail the next day . ' '' He also cites two apocryphal poems containing the phrase , one of which is attributed to Aristophanes . It is possible that the phrase was used to justify an existing practice , as the idea of `` like cures like '' ( Latin : similia similibus curantur ) dates back at least to the time of Hippocrates . It exists today as the basic postulate of classical homeopathy . In the 1930s cocktails known as Corpse Revivers were served in hotels .","sentences":["The expression originally referred to a method of treatment of a rabid dog bite by placing hair from the dog in the bite wound .","Ebenezer Cobham Brewer writes in the Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ( 1898 ) : `` In Scotland it is a popular belief that a few hairs of the dog that bit you applied to the wound will prevent evil consequences .","Applied to drinks , it means , if overnight you have indulged too freely , take a glass of the same wine within 24 hours to soothe the nerves . '","If this dog do you bite , soon as out of your bed , take a hair of the tail the next day . ' ''","He also cites two apocryphal poems containing the phrase , one of which is attributed to Aristophanes .","It is possible that the phrase was used to justify an existing practice , as the idea of `` like cures like '' ( Latin : similia similibus curantur ) dates back at least to the time of Hippocrates .","It exists today as the basic postulate of classical homeopathy .","In the 1930s cocktails known as Corpse Revivers were served in hotels ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3879862814299373266","input":"what do we say moral of the story in hindi","passages":[{"title":"Morality","text":"Dozens of studies have been conducted on this topic since the twentieth century . A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that , `` In general , higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide , juvenile and early adult mortality , STD infection rates , teen pregnancy , and abortion in the prosperous democracies , '' and `` In all secular developing democracies a centuries long - term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows '' with the exceptions being the United States ( with a high religiosity level ) and `` theistic '' Portugal . In a response , Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul 's study . His conclusion is that a `` complex relationship '' exists between religiosity and homicide `` with some dimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it '' . On April 26 , 2012 , the results of a study which tested their subjects ' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness , such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train . Religious people also had lower scores when it came to seeing how much compassion motivated participants to be charitable in other ways , such as in giving money or food to a homeless person and to non-believers .","sentences":["Dozens of studies have been conducted on this topic since the twentieth century .","A 2005 study by Gregory S. Paul published in the Journal of Religion and Society stated that , `` In general , higher rates of belief in and worship of a creator correlate with higher rates of homicide , juvenile and early adult mortality , STD infection rates , teen pregnancy , and abortion in the prosperous democracies , '' and `` In all secular developing democracies a centuries long - term trend has seen homicide rates drop to historical lows '' with the exceptions being the United States ( with a high religiosity level ) and `` theistic '' Portugal .","In a response , Gary Jensen builds on and refines Paul 's study .","His conclusion is that a `` complex relationship '' exists between religiosity and homicide `` with some dimensions of religiosity encouraging homicide and other dimensions discouraging it '' .","On April 26 , 2012 , the results of a study which tested their subjects ' pro-social sentiments were published in the Social Psychological and Personality Science journal in which non-religious people had higher scores showing that they were more inclined to show generosity in random acts of kindness , such as lending their possessions and offering a seat on a crowded bus or train .","Religious people also had lower scores when it came to seeing how much compassion motivated participants to be charitable in other ways , such as in giving money or food to a homeless person and to non-believers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"916855638952437174","input":"what disease does prince ernest have on victoria","passages":[{"title":"Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha","text":"Later in his reign , Ernest 's actions managed to continually anger his sister - in - law . Though Victoria loved Ernest because he was Albert 's brother , she was displeased that Ernest was writing his memoirs , worrying about their contents mainly in regard to her dead husband . Despite their disputes , Ernest still met with Victoria and her family occasionally . In 1891 , they met in France ; Victoria 's lady - in - waiting commented `` the old Duke of Saxe - Coburg - Gotha has been here today with his wife . He is the Prince Consort 's only brother and an awful looking man , the Queen dislikes him particularly . He is always writing anonymous pamphlets against the Queen and the Empress Frederick , which naturally creates a great deal of annoyance in the family '' .","sentences":["Later in his reign , Ernest 's actions managed to continually anger his sister - in - law .","Though Victoria loved Ernest because he was Albert 's brother , she was displeased that Ernest was writing his memoirs , worrying about their contents mainly in regard to her dead husband .","Despite their disputes , Ernest still met with Victoria and her family occasionally .","In 1891 , they met in France ; Victoria 's lady - in - waiting commented `` the old Duke of Saxe - Coburg - Gotha has been here today with his wife .","He is the Prince Consort 's only brother and an awful looking man , the Queen dislikes him particularly .","He is always writing anonymous pamphlets against the Queen and the Empress Frederick , which naturally creates a great deal of annoyance in the family '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"176015247081381216","input":"what does that's what i like song mean","passages":[{"title":"That's What I Like (Bruno Mars song)","text":"Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Australia ( ARIA ) 2 \u00d7 Platinum 140,000 Belgium ( BEA ) Platinum 30,000 Canada ( Music Canada ) 4 \u00d7 Platinum 320,000 Denmark ( IFPI Denmark ) Gold 45,000 France ( SNEP ) Platinum 150,000 Italy ( FIMI ) Platinum 50,000 New Zealand ( RMNZ ) 2 \u00d7 Platinum 60,000 Spain ( PROMUSICAE ) Platinum 40,000 Sweden ( GLF ) Gold 20,000 United Kingdom ( BPI ) Platinum 600,000 United States ( RIAA ) 6 \u00d7 Platinum 6,000,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone sales + streaming figures based on certification alone","sentences":["Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Australia ( ARIA ) 2 \u00d7","Platinum 140,000 Belgium ( BEA )","Platinum 30,000 Canada ( Music Canada ) 4 \u00d7 Platinum 320,000 Denmark ( IFPI Denmark )","Gold 45,000 France ( SNEP ) Platinum 150,000 Italy ( FIMI )","Platinum 50,000 New Zealand ( RMNZ ) 2 \u00d7","Platinum 60,000 Spain ( PROMUSICAE )","Platinum 40,000 Sweden ( GLF ) Gold 20,000 United Kingdom ( BPI )","Platinum 600,000 United States ( RIAA ) 6 \u00d7","Platinum 6,000,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone sales + streaming figures based on certification alone"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4498532868992877383","input":"the story of the fault in our stars movie","passages":[{"title":"The Fault in Our Stars (film)","text":"Time magazine 's Richard Corliss wrote : `` Hazel and Augustus will live in film lore because of the young actors who play them . '' Chris Vongar of Dallas Morning News gave the film a B+ as `` the movie is witty and alive and only very occasionally maudlin . '' USA Today 's Claudia Puig called the film `` well - written , well - acted , acerbic , funny and wisely observed '' , giving it 3.5 out of 4 . Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly called the film a `` funny , sweet , three - hankie tearjerker '' and gave the B grade . Geoff Pevere of The Globe and Mail said , `` While it may not conform to one 's real - life expectations it certainly hews tightly to teen - flick conventions . '' Connie Ogle of The Miami Herald called it a , `` sweet , romantic film full of sudden warmth and humor . '' A.A. Dowd of The A.V. Club gave the film a `` B '' saying that it is , `` blessed with sparks of wit and buoyed by the talents of a charismatic cast . ''","sentences":["Time magazine 's Richard Corliss wrote : `` Hazel and Augustus will live in film lore because of the young actors who play them . ''","Chris Vongar of Dallas Morning News gave the film a B+ as `` the movie is witty and alive and only very occasionally maudlin . ''","USA Today 's Claudia Puig called the film `` well - written , well - acted , acerbic , funny and wisely observed '' , giving it 3.5 out of 4 .","Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly called the film a `` funny , sweet , three - hankie tearjerker '' and gave the B grade .","Geoff Pevere of The Globe and Mail said , `` While it may not conform to one 's real - life expectations it certainly hews tightly to teen - flick conventions . ''","Connie Ogle of The Miami Herald called it a , `` sweet , romantic film full of sudden warmth and humor . ''","A.A. Dowd of The A.V. Club gave the film a `` B '' saying that it is , `` blessed with sparks of wit and buoyed by the talents of a charismatic cast . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7006992103083377531","input":"what's the meaning of the name mary","passages":[{"title":"Mary (name)","text":"The name was early etymologized as containing the Hebrew root mr `` bitter '' ( cf . myrrh ) , or mry `` rebellious '' . St. Jerome ( writing c. 390 ) , following Eusebius of Caesarea , translates the name as `` drop of the sea '' ( stilla maris in Latin ) , from Hebrew \u05de\u05e8 mar `` drop '' ( cf . Isaias 40 : 15 ) and \u05d9\u05dd yam `` sea '' . This translation was subsequently rendered stella maris ( `` star of the sea '' ) due to scribal error , whence Our Lady 's title Star of the Sea . Rashi , an 11th - century Jewish commentator on the Bible , wrote that the name was given to the sister of Moses because of the Egyptians ' harsh treatment of Jews in Egypt . Rashi wrote that the Israelites lived in Egypt for 210 years , including 86 years of cruel enslavement that began at the time Moses ' elder sister was born . Therefore , the girl was called Miriam , because the Egyptians made life bitter ( \u05de\u05b7\u05e8 , mar ) for her people .","sentences":["The name was early etymologized as containing the Hebrew root mr `` bitter '' ( cf .","myrrh ) , or mry `` rebellious '' .","St. Jerome ( writing c. 390 ) , following Eusebius of Caesarea , translates the name as `` drop of the sea '' ( stilla maris in Latin ) , from Hebrew \u05de\u05e8 mar `` drop '' ( cf .","Isaias 40 : 15 ) and \u05d9\u05dd yam `` sea '' .","This translation was subsequently rendered stella maris ( `` star of the sea '' ) due to scribal error , whence Our Lady 's title Star of the Sea .","Rashi , an 11th - century Jewish commentator on the Bible , wrote that the name was given to the sister of Moses because of the Egyptians ' harsh treatment of Jews in Egypt .","Rashi wrote that the Israelites lived in Egypt for 210 years , including 86 years of cruel enslavement that began at the time Moses ' elder sister was born .","Therefore , the girl was called Miriam , because the Egyptians made life bitter ( \u05de\u05b7\u05e8 , mar ) for her people ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3231980147373533502","input":"when was the first plastic soda bottle made","passages":[{"title":"Plastic bottle","text":"Bioplastic A bioplastic is a polymer structure based on processed biological materials rather than petrochemicals . Bioplastics are commonly made from renewable sources like starch , vegetable oil , and less commonly , chicken feathers . The idea behind bioplastic is to create a plastic that has the ability to biodegrade . Bisphenol A ( BPA ) : BPA is a synthetic compound that serves as a raw material in the manufacturing of such plastics as polycarbonates and epoxy resins . It is commonly found in reusable drink containers , food storage containers , canned foods , and children 's toys . BPA can seep into food or beverages from containers that are made with BPA .","sentences":["Bioplastic A bioplastic is a polymer structure based on processed biological materials rather than petrochemicals .","Bioplastics are commonly made from renewable sources like starch , vegetable oil , and less commonly , chicken feathers .","The idea behind bioplastic is to create a plastic that has the ability to biodegrade .","Bisphenol A ( BPA ) :","BPA is a synthetic compound that serves as a raw material in the manufacturing of such plastics as polycarbonates and epoxy resins .","It is commonly found in reusable drink containers , food storage containers , canned foods , and children 's toys .","BPA can seep into food or beverages from containers that are made with BPA ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7221285497993533279","input":"what story is wyatt from in super why","passages":[{"title":"Super Why!","text":"Little Red Riding Hood ( referred to as `` Red '' in the TV Series ) -- The title character from the fairy tale , she only refers to herself as `` Red Riding Hood '' and is a freckle - faced pale skinned brunette \/ redhead who wears a red dress and red roller skates as well as a red flat cap . When she is introduced , she says `` Red Riding Hood rolling in ! '' When she turns to Wonder Red in her superhero form , her clothing becomes a blue armless and legless jumpsuit with red trim , her skates are turned blue and her special item is a red and blue basket . It is called a Wonder Words Basket and her symbol is a spiral . She has `` word power '' , which focuses on rhyming and word families like `` OP '' , `` AT '' , `` UN '' , `` UMP '' , `` OG '' , etc .","sentences":["Little Red Riding Hood ( referred to as `` Red '' in the TV Series ) --","The title character from the fairy tale , she only refers to herself as `` Red Riding Hood '' and is a freckle - faced pale skinned brunette \/ redhead who wears a red dress and red roller skates as well as a red flat cap .","When she is introduced , she says `` Red Riding Hood rolling in ! ''","When she turns to Wonder Red in her superhero form , her clothing becomes a blue armless and legless jumpsuit with red trim , her skates are turned blue and her special item is a red and blue basket .","It is called a Wonder Words Basket and her symbol is a spiral .","She has `` word power '' , which focuses on rhyming and word families like `` OP '' , `` AT '' , `` UN '' , `` UMP '' , `` OG '' , etc ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4091668969076394204","input":"name the ancient text which has discussed the six canons of indian","passages":[{"title":"Indian painting","text":"Pattachitra refers to the Classical painting of Odisha , in the eastern region of India . ' Patta ' in Sanskrit means ' Vastra ' or ' clothings ' and ' chitra ' means paintings. The tradition of Pattachitra is closely linked with the worship of Lord Jagannath . Apart from the fragmentary evidence of paintings on the caves of Khandagiri and Udayagiri and Sitabhinji murals of the Sixth century A.D. , the earliest indigenous paintings from Odisha are the Pattachitra done by the Chitrakars ( the painters are called Chitrakars ) . The theme of Oriya painting centres round the Vaishnava sect . Since beginning of Pattachitra culture Lord Jagannath who was an incarnation of Lord Krishna was the major source of inspiration . The subject matter of Patta Chitra is mostly mythological , religious stories and folk lore . Themes are chiefly on Lord Jagannath and Radha - Krishna , different `` Vesas '' of Jagannath , Balabhadra and Subhadra , temple activities , the ten incarnations of Vishnu basing on the ' Gita Govinda ' of Jayadev , Kama Kujara Naba Gunjara , Ramayana , Mahabharata . The individual paintings of gods and goddesses are also being painted. The painters use vegetable and mineral colours without going for factory made poster colours . They prepare their own colours . White colour is made from the conch - shells by powdering , boiling and filtering in a very hazardous process . It requires a lot of patience . But this process gives brilliance and premanence to the hue . ' Hingula ' , a mineral colour , is used for red . ' Haritala ' , king of stone ingredients for yellow , ' Ramaraja ' a sort of indigo for blue are being used . Pure lamp - black or black prepared from the burning of cocoanut shells are used. The brushes that are used by these ' Chitrakaras ' are also indigenous and are made of hair of domestic animals . A bunch of hair tied to the end of a bamboo stick make the brush . It is really a matter of wonder as to how these painters bring out lines of such precision and finish with the help of these crude brushes . That old tradition of Oriya painting still survives to - day in the skilled hands of Chitrakaras ( traditional painters ) in Puri , Raghurajpur , Paralakhemundi , Chikiti and Sonepur .","sentences":["Pattachitra refers to the Classical painting of Odisha , in the eastern region of India . '","Patta ' in Sanskrit means ' Vastra ' or ' clothings ' and ' chitra ' means paintings.","The tradition of Pattachitra is closely linked with the worship of Lord Jagannath .","Apart from the fragmentary evidence of paintings on the caves of Khandagiri and Udayagiri and Sitabhinji murals of the Sixth century A.D. , the earliest indigenous paintings from Odisha are the Pattachitra done by the Chitrakars ( the painters are called Chitrakars ) .","The theme of Oriya painting centres round the Vaishnava sect .","Since beginning of Pattachitra culture Lord Jagannath who was an incarnation of Lord Krishna was the major source of inspiration .","The subject matter of Patta Chitra is mostly mythological , religious stories and folk lore .","Themes are chiefly on Lord Jagannath and Radha - Krishna , different `` Vesas '' of Jagannath , Balabhadra and Subhadra , temple activities , the ten incarnations of Vishnu basing on the ' Gita Govinda ' of Jayadev , Kama Kujara Naba Gunjara , Ramayana , Mahabharata .","The individual paintings of gods and goddesses are also being painted.","The painters use vegetable and mineral colours without going for factory made poster colours .","They prepare their own colours .","White colour is made from the conch - shells by powdering , boiling and filtering in a very hazardous process .","It requires a lot of patience .","But this process gives brilliance and premanence to the hue . '","Hingula ' , a mineral colour , is used for red . '","Haritala ' , king of stone ingredients for yellow , ' Ramaraja ' a sort of indigo for blue are being used .","Pure lamp - black or black prepared from the burning of cocoanut shells are used.","The brushes that are used by these ' Chitrakaras ' are also indigenous and are made of hair of domestic animals .","A bunch of hair tied to the end of a bamboo stick make the brush .","It is really a matter of wonder as to how these painters bring out lines of such precision and finish with the help of these crude brushes .","That old tradition of Oriya painting still survives to - day in the skilled hands of Chitrakaras ( traditional painters ) in Puri , Raghurajpur , Paralakhemundi , Chikiti and Sonepur ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2759778971409172947","input":"what is the north south extension of west bengal","passages":[{"title":"Geography of West Bengal","text":"Mahananda River divides the district of Malda into two parts . The eastern part consists of undulating plains and some tilas and is made up of old alluvium and is a part of the Ganges delta . It is also known as Barind or Barendrabhumi . In contrast to the eastern part , the western part is made up of new alluvium and in this part River Kalindi joins the Mahananda River . The part of Malda lying to the north of river Kalindi is known as tal . This is a lowland and covered with swamps and beels ( small water bodies ) . Whereas the area south of the Kalindi is a very fertile land and is known as diara .","sentences":["Mahananda River divides the district of Malda into two parts .","The eastern part consists of undulating plains and some tilas and is made up of old alluvium and is a part of the Ganges delta .","It is also known as Barind or Barendrabhumi .","In contrast to the eastern part , the western part is made up of new alluvium and in this part River Kalindi joins the Mahananda River .","The part of Malda lying to the north of river Kalindi is known as tal .","This is a lowland and covered with swamps and beels ( small water bodies ) .","Whereas the area south of the Kalindi is a very fertile land and is known as diara ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5111641375010388827","input":"where is mesopotamia located on the world map","passages":[{"title":"Mesopotamia","text":"Mesopotamia , as shown by successive law codes , those of Urukagina , Lipit Ishtar and Hammurabi , across its history became more and more a patriarchal society , one in which the men were far more powerful than the women . For example , during the earliest Sumerian period , the `` en '' , or high priest of male gods was originally a woman , that of female goddesses , a man . Thorkild Jacobsen , as well as many others , has suggested that early Mesopotamian society was ruled by a `` council of elders '' in which men and women were equally represented , but that over time , as the status of women fell , that of men increased . As for schooling , only royal offspring and sons of the rich and professionals , such as scribes , physicians , temple administrators , went to school . Most boys were taught their father 's trade or were apprenticed out to learn a trade . Girls had to stay home with their mothers to learn housekeeping and cooking , and to look after the younger children . Some children would help with crushing grain or cleaning birds . Unusual for that time in history , women in Mesopotamia had rights . They could own property and , if they had good reason , get a divorce .","sentences":["Mesopotamia , as shown by successive law codes , those of Urukagina , Lipit Ishtar and Hammurabi , across its history became more and more a patriarchal society , one in which the men were far more powerful than the women .","For example , during the earliest Sumerian period , the `` en '' , or high priest of male gods was originally a woman , that of female goddesses , a man .","Thorkild Jacobsen , as well as many others , has suggested that early Mesopotamian society was ruled by a `` council of elders '' in which men and women were equally represented , but that over time , as the status of women fell , that of men increased .","As for schooling , only royal offspring and sons of the rich and professionals , such as scribes , physicians , temple administrators , went to school .","Most boys were taught their father 's trade or were apprenticed out to learn a trade .","Girls had to stay home with their mothers to learn housekeeping and cooking , and to look after the younger children .","Some children would help with crushing grain or cleaning birds .","Unusual for that time in history , women in Mesopotamia had rights .","They could own property and , if they had good reason , get a divorce ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2099035012540366373","input":"when did the us ban smoking in public places","passages":[{"title":"List of smoking bans in the United States","text":"No statewide smoking ban . Instead , Texas ' 1997 statewide smoking law only prohibits smoking in activities of public schools on or off school property , elevators , theatres , libraries , museums , hospitals , buses , airplanes , and trains , as long as these areas are open to the general public , unless the proprietor designates the place for smoking and posts appropriate warning signs . Violation of this law is a class C misdemeanor . Texas law is silent as to whether local governments may regulate smoking more stringently than the state , and on December 9 , 2004 , the Texas Court of Appeals upheld El Paso 's municipal ban on smoking in all bars and restaurants . As of October 2 , 2017 , 128 cities in Texas have enacted local smoking bans to varying degrees . Attempts to ban smoking statewide have failed twice before the Texas Legislature , first in May 2007 when a bill to ban smoking statewide in all enclosed workplaces , including bars and restaurants passed the Texas House of Representatives by a vote of 91 -- 48 after being amended to allow any business owner to opt out of the ban by posting signs saying smoking is permitted , and then did not receive a vote in the Texas Senate , and then again in May 2009 , when a similar bill was passed by a Senate committee but did not receive the 21 votes necessary to reach the Senate floor .","sentences":["No statewide smoking ban .","Instead , Texas ' 1997 statewide smoking law only prohibits smoking in activities of public schools on or off school property , elevators , theatres , libraries , museums , hospitals , buses , airplanes , and trains , as long as these areas are open to the general public , unless the proprietor designates the place for smoking and posts appropriate warning signs .","Violation of this law is a class C misdemeanor .","Texas law is silent as to whether local governments may regulate smoking more stringently than the state , and on December 9 , 2004 , the Texas Court of Appeals upheld El Paso 's municipal ban on smoking in all bars and restaurants .","As of October 2 , 2017 , 128 cities in Texas have enacted local smoking bans to varying degrees .","Attempts to ban smoking statewide have failed twice before the Texas Legislature , first in May 2007 when a bill to ban smoking statewide in all enclosed workplaces , including bars and restaurants passed the Texas House of Representatives by a vote of 91 -- 48 after being amended to allow any business owner to opt out of the ban by posting signs saying smoking is permitted , and then did not receive a vote in the Texas Senate , and then again in May 2009 , when a similar bill was passed by a Senate committee but did not receive the 21 votes necessary to reach the Senate floor ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5372316857975167477","input":"where was fast and the furious 7 filmed","passages":[{"title":"Furious 7","text":"While Jakande pursues Brian and the rest of the team with a stealth helicopter and an aerial drone , Ramsey attempts to hack into God 's Eye . Hobbs , seeing the team in trouble , leaves the hospital and destroys the drone with an ambulance . Brian engages Jakande 's henchman Kiet and throws him down an elevator shaft , allowing Ramsey to regain control of God 's Eye and shut it down . Dom and Shaw engage in a one - on - one brawl on a parking garage , before Jakande intervenes and attacks them both . Shaw is defeated when part of the parking garage collapses beneath him . Dom then launches his vehicle at Jakande 's helicopter , tossing Shaw 's bag of grenades onto its skids , before injuring himself when his car lands and crashes . Hobbs then shoots the bag of grenades from ground level , destroying the helicopter and killing Jakande . Dom is pulled from the wreckage of his car , believed to be dead . As Letty cradles Dom 's body in her arms , she reveals that she has regained her memories , and that she remembers their wedding . Dom regains consciousness soon after , remarking , `` It 's about time '' .","sentences":["While Jakande pursues Brian and the rest of the team with a stealth helicopter and an aerial drone , Ramsey attempts to hack into God 's Eye .","Hobbs , seeing the team in trouble , leaves the hospital and destroys the drone with an ambulance .","Brian engages Jakande 's henchman Kiet and throws him down an elevator shaft , allowing Ramsey to regain control of God 's Eye and shut it down .","Dom and Shaw engage in a one - on - one brawl on a parking garage , before Jakande intervenes and attacks them both .","Shaw is defeated when part of the parking garage collapses beneath him .","Dom then launches his vehicle at Jakande 's helicopter , tossing Shaw 's bag of grenades onto its skids , before injuring himself when his car lands and crashes .","Hobbs then shoots the bag of grenades from ground level , destroying the helicopter and killing Jakande .","Dom is pulled from the wreckage of his car , believed to be dead .","As Letty cradles Dom 's body in her arms , she reveals that she has regained her memories , and that she remembers their wedding .","Dom regains consciousness soon after , remarking , `` It 's about time '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-804053608305865577","input":"when does it start to get cold in north carolina","passages":[{"title":"Climate of North Carolina","text":"Heavy rains accompany tropical cyclones and their remnants which move northeast from the Gulf of Mexico coastline , as well as inland from the western subtropical Atlantic ocean . Over the past 30 years , the wettest tropical cyclone to strike the coastal plain was Hurricane Floyd of September 1999 , which dropped over 24 inches ( 610 mm ) of rainfall north of Southport . Unlike Hazel and Fran , the main force of destruction was from precipitation . Before Hurricane Floyd reached North Carolina , the state had already received large amounts of rain from Hurricane Dennis less than two weeks before Floyd . This saturated much of the Eastern North Carolina soil and allowed heavy rains from Hurricane Floyd to turn into floods . Over 35 people died from Floyd . In the mountains , Hurricane Frances of September 2004 was nearly as wet , bringing over 23 inches ( 580 mm ) of rainfall to Mount Mitchell . Tornado","sentences":["Heavy rains accompany tropical cyclones and their remnants which move northeast from the Gulf of Mexico coastline , as well as inland from the western subtropical Atlantic ocean .","Over the past 30 years , the wettest tropical cyclone to strike the coastal plain was Hurricane Floyd of September 1999 , which dropped over 24 inches ( 610 mm ) of rainfall north of Southport .","Unlike Hazel and Fran , the main force of destruction was from precipitation .","Before Hurricane Floyd reached North Carolina , the state had already received large amounts of rain from Hurricane Dennis less than two weeks before Floyd .","This saturated much of the Eastern North Carolina soil and allowed heavy rains from Hurricane Floyd to turn into floods .","Over 35 people died from Floyd .","In the mountains , Hurricane Frances of September 2004 was nearly as wet , bringing over 23 inches ( 580 mm ) of rainfall to Mount Mitchell .","Tornado"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2789725702132223880","input":"fahrenheit 451 what year does it take place","passages":[{"title":"Fahrenheit 451","text":"In the following days , while at work with the other firemen ransacking the book - filled house of an old woman before the inevitable burning , Montag steals a book before any of his coworkers notice . The woman refuses to leave her house and her books , choosing instead to light a match and burn herself alive . Montag returns home jarred by the woman 's suicide . While getting ready for bed , he hides the stolen book under his pillow . Still shaken by the night 's events , he attempts to make conversation with Mildred , starting by asking her when they first met and where . Mildred goes to answer , but immediately forgets . As she laughs off her ignorance and heads for the bathroom to take more sleeping pills , Montag realizes just how much Mildred 's sleeping pill addiction , love of interactive entertainment , and fast driving has ruined her mind and their marriage . Later , as Mildred is sleeping , Montag wakes her up and asks her if she has seen or heard anything about Clarisse McClellan . Mildred initially brushes off the question until she finally reveals what happened : Clarisse 's family moved away after Clarisse got hit by a speeding car and died four days ago . Dismayed by her failure to mention this earlier , Montag uneasily tries to fall asleep . Outside he suspects the presence of `` The Hound '' , an eight - legged robotic dog - like creature that resides in the firehouse and aids the firemen .","sentences":["In the following days , while at work with the other firemen ransacking the book - filled house of an old woman before the inevitable burning , Montag steals a book before any of his coworkers notice .","The woman refuses to leave her house and her books , choosing instead to light a match and burn herself alive .","Montag returns home jarred by the woman 's suicide .","While getting ready for bed , he hides the stolen book under his pillow .","Still shaken by the night 's events , he attempts to make conversation with Mildred , starting by asking her when they first met and where .","Mildred goes to answer , but immediately forgets .","As she laughs off her ignorance and heads for the bathroom to take more sleeping pills , Montag realizes just how much Mildred 's sleeping pill addiction , love of interactive entertainment , and fast driving has ruined her mind and their marriage .","Later , as Mildred is sleeping , Montag wakes her up and asks her if she has seen or heard anything about Clarisse McClellan .","Mildred initially brushes off the question until she finally reveals what happened : Clarisse 's family moved away after Clarisse got hit by a speeding car and died four days ago .","Dismayed by her failure to mention this earlier , Montag uneasily tries to fall asleep .","Outside he suspects the presence of `` The Hound '' , an eight - legged robotic dog - like creature that resides in the firehouse and aids the firemen ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4875860373224776852","input":"when do you have to be born to be a millenial","passages":[{"title":"Millennials","text":"Bernie Sanders , a self - proclaimed democratic socialist and democratic candidate in the 2016 United States presidential election , was the most popular candidate among Millennial voters in the primary phase , having garnered more votes from people under 30 in 21 states than the major parties ' candidates , Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton , did combined . In April 2016 , The Washington Post viewed him as changing the way millennials viewed politics , saying , `` He 's not moving a party to the left . He 's moving a generation to the left . '' Bernie Sanders referred to millennials as `` the least prejudiced generation in the history of the United States '' . A 2014 poll for the libertarian Reason magazine suggested that American millennials were social liberals and fiscal centrists , more often than their global peers . The magazine predicted that millennials would become more conservative on fiscal issues once they started paying taxes .","sentences":["Bernie Sanders , a self - proclaimed democratic socialist and democratic candidate in the 2016 United States presidential election , was the most popular candidate among Millennial voters in the primary phase , having garnered more votes from people under 30 in 21 states than the major parties ' candidates , Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton , did combined .","In April 2016 , The Washington Post viewed him as changing the way millennials viewed politics , saying , `` He 's not moving a party to the left .","He 's moving a generation to the left . ''","Bernie Sanders referred to millennials as `` the least prejudiced generation in the history of the United States '' .","A 2014 poll for the libertarian Reason magazine suggested that American millennials were social liberals and fiscal centrists , more often than their global peers .","The magazine predicted that millennials would become more conservative on fiscal issues once they started paying taxes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5771046941956755962","input":"what is the height of the property brothers","passages":[{"title":"Property Brothers","text":"Using the expertise of the Scott brothers , prospective homebuyers find a `` fixer - upper '' and remodel it into their dream home while staying within their budget . The featured families and individuals are often working towards a deadline , like the birth of a child or a special occasion . Originally , each episode started with Drew showing potential homebuyers a house with everything on their wish list , only to later reveal that the house was outside of their reach financially . However , beginning with season 6 ( 10 ) , Drew began to explain from the start that the home would exceed their budget , and should only serve as inspiration . In either scenario , Drew and Jonathan then highlight the advantages of purchasing an older home . Afterwards , Drew takes the buyers on a tour of homes that are significantly less ideal , but have renovation potential , and the buyers are asked to narrow their choices down to two . Jonathan then uses computer - generated imagery to illustrate his imagined vision for the homes after significant renovations . The graphics are made by an outside company using Neezo Renders software at a cost of about $10,000 per episode . After the family makes a final decision , Drew leads them through the process of bidding on and purchasing a home . Once a purchase is made , Jonathan and his team begin renovations . After the initial demolition , the family is kept away from the site , and are brought back at the conclusion for the final reveal .","sentences":["Using the expertise of the Scott brothers , prospective homebuyers find a `` fixer - upper '' and remodel it into their dream home while staying within their budget .","The featured families and individuals are often working towards a deadline , like the birth of a child or a special occasion .","Originally , each episode started with Drew showing potential homebuyers a house with everything on their wish list , only to later reveal that the house was outside of their reach financially .","However , beginning with season 6 ( 10 ) , Drew began to explain from the start that the home would exceed their budget , and should only serve as inspiration .","In either scenario , Drew and Jonathan then highlight the advantages of purchasing an older home .","Afterwards , Drew takes the buyers on a tour of homes that are significantly less ideal , but have renovation potential , and the buyers are asked to narrow their choices down to two .","Jonathan then uses computer - generated imagery to illustrate his imagined vision for the homes after significant renovations .","The graphics are made by an outside company using Neezo Renders software at a cost of about $10,000 per episode .","After the family makes a final decision , Drew leads them through the process of bidding on and purchasing a home .","Once a purchase is made , Jonathan and his team begin renovations .","After the initial demolition , the family is kept away from the site , and are brought back at the conclusion for the final reveal ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-625001742369768357","input":"what was the iaf operating in kargil in 1999 codenamed","passages":[{"title":"Operation Safed Sagar","text":"The Indian Air Force ( IAF ) first tried to provide air support on 26 May , with the use of helicopters and MIGs flown by Squadron Leader Ajay Ahuja and his second in command Flt It Nachiketa . Ahuja was killed during the mission , and Nachiketa captured . On 29 May the IAF launched Canberra on a reconnaissance mission , flown by Wg Cdr CH Kulkarni , Sqn Ldr A Perumal and Sqn Ldr UK Jha , which was hit by ground fire . The plane returned to base on one engine , and the crew safely landed . On 30 May , the Cabinet Committee on Security authorized the IAF to mount attacks on the infiltrators without crossing the LoC . Initial indications from the government to the IAF was to operate only Attack helicopters . However , the Chief of Air Staff put forth the argument that in order to create a suitable environment for the helicopters , fighter action was required . On 30 May , the go - ahead was given and the IAF started its strike role . Flying from the Indian airfields of Srinagar , Avantipur and Adampur , ground attack aircraft MiG - 21s , MiG - 23s , MiG - 27s , Jaguars and the Mirage 2000 struck insurgent positions . Of note , although the MiG - 21 is built mainly for air interception with a secondary role of ground attack , it is capable of operating in restricted spaces which was of importance in the Kargil terrain .","sentences":["The Indian Air Force ( IAF ) first tried to provide air support on 26 May , with the use of helicopters and MIGs flown by Squadron Leader Ajay Ahuja and his second in command Flt It Nachiketa .","Ahuja was killed during the mission , and Nachiketa captured .","On 29 May the IAF launched Canberra on a reconnaissance mission , flown by Wg Cdr CH Kulkarni , Sqn Ldr A Perumal and Sqn Ldr UK Jha , which was hit by ground fire .","The plane returned to base on one engine , and the crew safely landed .","On 30 May , the Cabinet Committee on Security authorized the IAF to mount attacks on the infiltrators without crossing the LoC .","Initial indications from the government to the IAF was to operate only Attack helicopters .","However , the Chief of Air Staff put forth the argument that in order to create a suitable environment for the helicopters , fighter action was required .","On 30 May , the go - ahead was given and the IAF started its strike role .","Flying from the Indian airfields of Srinagar , Avantipur and Adampur , ground attack aircraft MiG - 21s , MiG - 23s , MiG - 27s , Jaguars and the Mirage 2000 struck insurgent positions .","Of note , although the MiG - 21 is built mainly for air interception with a secondary role of ground attack , it is capable of operating in restricted spaces which was of importance in the Kargil terrain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9154354153841874895","input":"who was mariah carey song we belong together about","passages":[{"title":"We Belong Together","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2005 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) 31 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 12 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Wallonia ) 24 Denmark ( Tracklisten ) 11 Europe ( European Hot 100 Singles ) France ( SNEP ) 12 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 11 Hungary ( Single Top 40 ) 5 Ireland ( IRMA ) Italy ( FIMI ) 25 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) Norway ( VG - lista ) 9 Scotland ( Official Charts Company ) 50 Spain ( PROMUSICAE ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 11 Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) UK R&B ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Adult Top 40 ( Billboard ) 16 US Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) US Mainstream Top 40 ( Billboard ) US Rhythmic ( Billboard ) US Tropical Airplay ( Billboard ) 34 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2005 ) Position Australia ( ARIA ) 17 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 47 Europe ( European Hot 100 Singles ) 45 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 92 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 41 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 41 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) 36 Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) 57 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 20 US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Hot Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) US Pop 100 ( Billboard ) US Rhythmic ( Billboard ) Decade - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2000 -- 09 ) Position US Billboard Hot 100 US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) All - time charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1958 -- 2013 ) Position US Billboard Hot 100 11","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2005 )","Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 )","31 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 12 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Wallonia ) 24 Denmark ( Tracklisten ) 11","Europe ( European Hot 100 Singles ) France ( SNEP ) 12 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 11 Hungary ( Single Top 40 ) 5 Ireland ( IRMA ) Italy ( FIMI ) 25 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 )","Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ )","Norway ( VG - lista ) 9","Scotland ( Official Charts Company )","50 Spain ( PROMUSICAE ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 11 Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) UK R&B ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Adult Top 40 ( Billboard ) 16 US Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) US Mainstream Top 40 ( Billboard ) US Rhythmic ( Billboard ) US Tropical Airplay ( Billboard )","34 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2005 )","Position Australia ( ARIA ) 17 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 47 Europe ( European Hot 100 Singles ) 45 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 92 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 )","41 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 41 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ )","36 Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) 57 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 20 US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Hot Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) US Pop 100 ( Billboard ) US Rhythmic ( Billboard ) Decade - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2000 -- 09 )","Position US Billboard Hot 100 US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) All - time charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1958 -- 2013 )","Position US Billboard","Hot 100 11"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6123105322309836123","input":"what was one reason that the great depression spread quickly from the united states to other nations","passages":[{"title":"Great Depression in the United States","text":"In Canada , Between 1929 and 1939 , the gross national product dropped 40 % , compared to 37 % in the U.S. Unemployment reached 28 % at the depth of the Depression in 1929 and 1930 , while wages bottomed out in 1933 . Many businesses closed , as corporate profits of C $ 396 million in 1929 turned into losses of $98 million in 1933 . Exports shrank by 50 % from 1929 to 1933 . Worst hit were areas dependent on primary industries such as farming , mining and logging , as prices fell and there were few alternative jobs . Families saw most or all of their assets disappear and their debts became heavier as prices fell . Local and provincial government set up relief programs but there was no nationwide New - Deal - like program . The Conservative government of Prime Minister R.B. Bennett retaliated against the Smoot -- Hawley Tariff Act by raising tariffs against the U.S. but lowered them on British Empire goods . Nevertheless , the economy suffered . In 1935 , Bennett proposed a series of programs that resembled the New Deal ; but was defeated in the elections of that year and no such programs were passed . Cuba and the Caribbean saw its greatest unemployment during the 1930s because of a decline in exports to the U.S. , and a fall in export prices .","sentences":["In Canada , Between 1929 and 1939 , the gross national product dropped 40 % , compared to 37 % in the U.S. Unemployment reached 28 % at the depth of the Depression in 1929 and 1930 , while wages bottomed out in 1933 .","Many businesses closed , as corporate profits of C $ 396 million in 1929 turned into losses of $98 million in 1933 .","Exports shrank by 50 % from 1929 to 1933 .","Worst hit were areas dependent on primary industries such as farming , mining and logging , as prices fell and there were few alternative jobs .","Families saw most or all of their assets disappear and their debts became heavier as prices fell .","Local and provincial government set up relief programs but there was no nationwide New - Deal - like program .","The Conservative government of Prime Minister R.B. Bennett retaliated against the Smoot -- Hawley Tariff Act by raising tariffs against the U.S. but lowered them on British Empire goods .","Nevertheless , the economy suffered .","In 1935 , Bennett proposed a series of programs that resembled the New Deal ; but was defeated in the elections of that year and no such programs were passed .","Cuba and the Caribbean saw its greatest unemployment during the 1930s because of a decline in exports to the U.S. , and a fall in export prices ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2032587086726469616","input":"where is the united states nuclear waste stored","passages":[{"title":"Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository","text":"The purpose of the Yucca Mountain project is to comply with the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 and develop a national site for spent nuclear fuel and high - level radioactive waste storage . The management and operating contractor as of April 1 , 2009 for the project is USA Repository Services ( USA - RS ) , a wholly owned subsidiary of URS Corporation ( now part of AECOM ) with supporting principal subcontractors Shaw Corporation ( now part of McDermott International Inc . ) and Areva Federal Services LLC ( now Orano federal services business ) . After the layoff of 800 employees on March 31 , 2009 , about 100 employees remained on the project until all technical staff were laid off by the end of FY 2010 due to zero funding in the 2011 budget for the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management . Sandia National Laboratories had the responsibility for post closure analysis and ensuring compliance with the NWPA . The main tunnel of the Exploratory Studies Facility is U-shaped , 5 mi ( 8.0 km ) long and 25 ft ( 7.6 m ) wide . There are also several cathedral - like alcoves that branch from the main tunnel . It is in these alcoves that most of the scientific experiments were conducted . The emplacement drifts ( smaller diameter tunnels branching off the main tunnel ) where waste would have been stored were not constructed since they required a construction authorization by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission . The repository has a statutory limit of 77,000 metric tons ( 85,000 short tons ) . To store this amount of waste would have required 40 miles ( 64 km ) of tunnels . The Nuclear Waste Policy Act further limits the capacity of the repository to 63,000 metric tons ( 62,000 long tons ; 69,000 short tons ) of initial heavy metal in commercial spent fuel . The 104 U.S. commercial reactors currently operating will produce this quantity of spent fuel by 2014 , assuming that the spent fuel rods are not reprocessed . Currently , the US has no civil reprocessing plant .","sentences":["The purpose of the Yucca Mountain project is to comply with the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 and develop a national site for spent nuclear fuel and high - level radioactive waste storage .","The management and operating contractor as of April 1 , 2009 for the project is USA Repository Services ( USA - RS ) , a wholly owned subsidiary of URS Corporation ( now part of AECOM ) with supporting principal subcontractors Shaw Corporation ( now part of McDermott International Inc . )","and Areva Federal Services LLC ( now Orano federal services business ) .","After the layoff of 800 employees on March 31 , 2009 , about 100 employees remained on the project until all technical staff were laid off by the end of FY 2010 due to zero funding in the 2011 budget for the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management .","Sandia National Laboratories had the responsibility for post closure analysis and ensuring compliance with the NWPA .","The main tunnel of the Exploratory Studies Facility is U-shaped , 5 mi ( 8.0 km ) long and 25 ft ( 7.6 m ) wide .","There are also several cathedral - like alcoves that branch from the main tunnel .","It is in these alcoves that most of the scientific experiments were conducted .","The emplacement drifts ( smaller diameter tunnels branching off the main tunnel ) where waste would have been stored were not constructed since they required a construction authorization by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission .","The repository has a statutory limit of 77,000 metric tons ( 85,000 short tons ) .","To store this amount of waste would have required 40 miles ( 64 km ) of tunnels .","The Nuclear Waste Policy Act further limits the capacity of the repository to 63,000 metric tons ( 62,000 long tons ; 69,000 short tons ) of initial heavy metal in commercial spent fuel .","The 104 U.S. commercial reactors currently operating will produce this quantity of spent fuel by 2014 , assuming that the spent fuel rods are not reprocessed .","Currently , the US has no civil reprocessing plant ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3898223489909389588","input":"consider the diagram lines e and c can be described as","passages":[{"title":"Conic section","text":"ellipse x 2 a 2 + y 2 b 2 = 1 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( x ^ ( 2 ) ) ( a ^ ( 2 ) ) ) + ( \\ frac ( y ^ ( 2 ) ) ( b ^ ( 2 ) ) ) = 1 ) 1 \u2212 b 2 a 2 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ sqrt ( 1 - ( \\ frac ( b ^ ( 2 ) ) ( a ^ ( 2 ) ) ) ) ) ) a 2 \u2212 b 2 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ sqrt ( a ^ ( 2 ) - b ^ ( 2 ) ) ) ) b 2 a ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( b ^ ( 2 ) ) ( a ) ) ) b 2 a 2 \u2212 b 2 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( b ^ ( 2 ) ) ( \\ sqrt ( a ^ ( 2 ) - b ^ ( 2 ) ) ) ) )","sentences":["ellipse x 2 a 2 + y 2 b 2 = 1 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( x ^ ( 2 ) )","( a ^ ( 2 ) ) )","+ ( \\ frac ( y ^ ( 2 ) )","( b ^ ( 2 ) ) )","= 1 ) 1","\u2212 b 2 a 2 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ sqrt ( 1 - ( \\ frac ( b ^ ( 2 ) )","( a ^ ( 2 ) ) ) ) ) )","a 2 \u2212 b 2 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ sqrt ( a ^ ( 2 ) - b ^ ( 2 ) ) ) )","b 2 a ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( b ^ ( 2 ) )","( a ) ) )","b 2 a 2 \u2212 b 2 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( b ^ ( 2 ) )","( \\ sqrt ( a ^ ( 2 ) - b ^ ( 2 ) ) ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8233728085674686490","input":"who lead the soviet union at the end of ww2","passages":[{"title":"Soviet Union in World War II","text":"Fending off the German invasion and pressing to victory over Nazi Germany in the Second World War required a tremendous sacrifice by the Soviet Union ( more than any other country in human history ) . Soviet military casualties totaled approximately 35 million ( official figures 28.2 million ) with approximately 14.7 million killed , missing or captured ( official figures 11.285 million ) . Although figures vary , the Soviet civilian death toll probably reached 22 million . Millions of Soviet soldiers and civilians disappeared into German detention camps and slave labour factories , while millions more suffered permanent physical and mental damage . Economic losses , including losses in resources and manufacturing capacity in western Russia and Ukraine , were also catastrophic . The war resulted in the destruction of approximately 70,000 Soviet cities , towns and villages . Destroyed in that process were 6 million houses , 98,000 farms , 32,000 factories , 82,000 schools , 43,000 libraries , 6,000 hospitals and thousands of kilometres of roads and railway track .","sentences":["Fending off the German invasion and pressing to victory over Nazi Germany in the Second World War required a tremendous sacrifice by the Soviet Union ( more than any other country in human history ) .","Soviet military casualties totaled approximately 35 million ( official figures 28.2 million ) with approximately 14.7 million killed , missing or captured ( official figures 11.285 million ) .","Although figures vary , the Soviet civilian death toll probably reached 22 million .","Millions of Soviet soldiers and civilians disappeared into German detention camps and slave labour factories , while millions more suffered permanent physical and mental damage .","Economic losses , including losses in resources and manufacturing capacity in western Russia and Ukraine , were also catastrophic .","The war resulted in the destruction of approximately 70,000 Soviet cities , towns and villages .","Destroyed in that process were 6 million houses , 98,000 farms , 32,000 factories , 82,000 schools , 43,000 libraries , 6,000 hospitals and thousands of kilometres of roads and railway track ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"338122483181145853","input":"when does farming start in the near east","passages":[{"title":"History of agriculture","text":"By AD 900 , developments in iron smelting allowed for increased production in Europe , leading to developments in the production of agricultural implements such as ploughs , hand tools and horse shoes . The carruca heavy plough improved on the earlier scratch plough , with the adoption of the Chinese mouldboard plough to turn over the heavy , wet soils of northern Europe . This led to the clearing of northern European forests and an increase in agricultural production , which in turn led to an increase in population . At the same time , some farmers in Europe moved from a two field crop rotation to a three field crop rotation in which one field of three was left fallow every year . This resulted in increased productivity and nutrition , as the change in rotations permitted nitrogen - fixing legumes such as peas , lentils and beans . Improved horse harnesses and the whippletree further improved cultivation .","sentences":["By AD 900 , developments in iron smelting allowed for increased production in Europe , leading to developments in the production of agricultural implements such as ploughs , hand tools and horse shoes .","The carruca heavy plough improved on the earlier scratch plough , with the adoption of the Chinese mouldboard plough to turn over the heavy , wet soils of northern Europe .","This led to the clearing of northern European forests and an increase in agricultural production , which in turn led to an increase in population .","At the same time , some farmers in Europe moved from a two field crop rotation to a three field crop rotation in which one field of three was left fallow every year .","This resulted in increased productivity and nutrition , as the change in rotations permitted nitrogen - fixing legumes such as peas , lentils and beans .","Improved horse harnesses and the whippletree further improved cultivation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1703465927339453351","input":"who are the watchmen and what are their powers","passages":[{"title":"List of Watchmen characters","text":"In Before Watchmen : The Minutemen # 1 , additional details are revealed about Comedian while material from the main story is somewhat retconned . It is revealed that the Comedian got his start as a costumed adventurer at the young age of sixteen and had a prior criminal record for assault . Unlike the rest of the costumed heroes of the Minutemen , he is shown to be driven by greed and an inherent love for violence . In particular , he assaults a bartender after breaking up a bar fight and steals liquor and money from the cash register . The issue also implies Blake may have been a victim of severe child abuse as he claims that a `` caseworker '' told him what he suffered was the cause of his violent outbursts , though Blake 's status as an unreliable narrator makes the claim uncertain . The","sentences":["In Before Watchmen : The Minutemen # 1 , additional details are revealed about Comedian while material from the main story is somewhat retconned .","It is revealed that the Comedian got his start as a costumed adventurer at the young age of sixteen and had a prior criminal record for assault .","Unlike the rest of the costumed heroes of the Minutemen , he is shown to be driven by greed and an inherent love for violence .","In particular , he assaults a bartender after breaking up a bar fight and steals liquor and money from the cash register .","The issue also implies Blake may have been a victim of severe child abuse as he claims that a `` caseworker '' told him what he suffered was the cause of his violent outbursts , though Blake 's status as an unreliable narrator makes the claim uncertain .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-877228302483123365","input":"where are natural hazards involving mass wasting process most likely to occur","passages":[{"title":"Mass wasting","text":"Water can increase or decrease the stability of a slope depending on the amount present . Small amounts of water can strengthen soils because the surface tension of water increases soil cohesion . This allows the soil to resist erosion better than if it were dry . If too much water is present the water may act to increase the pore pressure , reducing friction , and accelerating the erosion process and resulting in different types of mass wasting ( i.e. mudflows , landslides , etc . ) . A good example of this is to think of a sand castle . Water must be mixed with sand in order for the castle to keep its shape . If too much water is added the sand washes away , if not enough water is added the sand falls and can not keep its shape . Water also increases the mass of the soil , this is important because an increase in mass means that there will be an increase in velocity if mass wasting is triggered . Saturated water , however , eases the process of mass wasting in that the rock and soil debris are easily washed down - slope .","sentences":["Water can increase or decrease the stability of a slope depending on the amount present .","Small amounts of water can strengthen soils because the surface tension of water increases soil cohesion .","This allows the soil to resist erosion better than if it were dry .","If too much water is present the water may act to increase the pore pressure , reducing friction , and accelerating the erosion process and resulting in different types of mass wasting ( i.e. mudflows , landslides , etc . ) .","A good example of this is to think of a sand castle .","Water must be mixed with sand in order for the castle to keep its shape .","If too much water is added the sand washes away , if not enough water is added the sand falls and can not keep its shape .","Water also increases the mass of the soil , this is important because an increase in mass means that there will be an increase in velocity if mass wasting is triggered .","Saturated water , however , eases the process of mass wasting in that the rock and soil debris are easily washed down - slope ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5283982443016238594","input":"where did jack in the box originate from","passages":[{"title":"Jack in the Box","text":"The commercials in the `` Jack 's Back '' campaign ( which has won several advertising industry awards ) tend to be lightly humorous and often involve Jack making business decisions about the restaurant chain 's food products , or out in the field getting ideas for new menu items . While a series of ads claiming to ask when Burger King and McDonald 's will change their ways about making their hamburgers featured a phone number , it is unknown whether the caller would actually be connected to Jack himself . In addition , many commercials have advertised free car antenna balls with every meal , thus increasing brand awareness . Often different types of antenna balls were available during a holiday or major event or themed toward a sports team local to the restaurant . The antenna balls have since been discontinued due to the demise of the mast - type car antenna . Popular","sentences":["The commercials in the `` Jack 's Back '' campaign ( which has won several advertising industry awards ) tend to be lightly humorous and often involve Jack making business decisions about the restaurant chain 's food products , or out in the field getting ideas for new menu items .","While a series of ads claiming to ask when Burger King and McDonald 's will change their ways about making their hamburgers featured a phone number , it is unknown whether the caller would actually be connected to Jack himself .","In addition , many commercials have advertised free car antenna balls with every meal , thus increasing brand awareness .","Often different types of antenna balls were available during a holiday or major event or themed toward a sports team local to the restaurant .","The antenna balls have since been discontinued due to the demise of the mast - type car antenna .","Popular"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8734421162484371895","input":"does babe die at the end of the movie","passages":[{"title":"Babe (film)","text":"At the competition , Babe meets the sheep that he will be herding , but they ignore his attempts to speak to them . As Hoggett is criticized by the bemused judges and ridiculed by the public for using a pig instead of a dog , Rex runs back to the farm to ask the sheep what to do . They give him a secret password , first extracting a promise that he will treat them better from now on . He returns in time to convey the password to Babe , and the sheep now follow his instructions flawlessly . Amid the crowd 's acclamation , he is unanimously given the highest score . While he sits down next to the farmer , Hoggett praises him by saying , `` That 'll do , Pig . That 'll do . ''","sentences":["At the competition , Babe meets the sheep that he will be herding , but they ignore his attempts to speak to them .","As Hoggett is criticized by the bemused judges and ridiculed by the public for using a pig instead of a dog , Rex runs back to the farm to ask the sheep what to do .","They give him a secret password , first extracting a promise that he will treat them better from now on .","He returns in time to convey the password to Babe , and the sheep now follow his instructions flawlessly .","Amid the crowd 's acclamation , he is unanimously given the highest score .","While he sits down next to the farmer , Hoggett praises him by saying , `` That 'll do , Pig .","That 'll do . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7219413085219575642","input":"what information do you need for your references","passages":[{"title":"Wikipedia:Citing sources","text":"Justice is a human invention. < ref > Rawls , John . ' ' A Theory of Justice ' ' . Harvard University Press , 1971 , p. 1. < \/ ref > It ...","sentences":["Justice is a human invention.","<","ref >","Rawls , John . ' '","A Theory of Justice ' ' .","Harvard University Press , 1971 , p. 1. < \/ ref >","It ..."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2394309093731561232","input":"who makes up a grand jury in washington dc","passages":[{"title":"Grand juries in the United States","text":"In Kentucky , grand jurors are impaneled in each county , at the Circuit Court level ( felonies only ) for a four - month term ( three panels per year ) . During the trial jury orientation for the given four - month term , the grand jurors are selected from the trial jury pool , although the method of selection is not necessarily random . The meetings are twice a month in most counties ( however , grand juries in more populous counties such as Jefferson ( Louisville ) and Fayette ( Lexington ) generally meet more often ) , with each meeting usually going through 20 - 30 cases in a four - to five - hour period . The indictment rate is about 98 - 99 % ; the grand jury can broaden ( about 1 % of the time ) or narrow ( about 3 % of the time ) the counts in the indictment as well . Usually , fifteen to twenty grand jurors are required to report to meetings ; the hope is that twelve will show to each meeting , which is the number of jurors required to hear cases ( an additional juror may be kept as an alternate while other extra jurors are typically excused for the day ) . It takes nine yes votes to the question of probable cause to sign a true bill of indictment . Fewer than nine yes votes either causes a no true bill or a narrowing of the indictment ( depending on the votes per count ) .","sentences":["In Kentucky , grand jurors are impaneled in each county , at the Circuit Court level ( felonies only ) for a four - month term ( three panels per year ) .","During the trial jury orientation for the given four - month term , the grand jurors are selected from the trial jury pool , although the method of selection is not necessarily random .","The meetings are twice a month in most counties ( however , grand juries in more populous counties such as Jefferson ( Louisville ) and Fayette ( Lexington ) generally meet more often ) , with each meeting usually going through 20 - 30 cases in a four - to five - hour period .","The indictment rate is about 98 - 99 % ; the grand jury can broaden ( about 1 % of the time ) or narrow ( about 3 % of the time )","the counts in the indictment as well .","Usually , fifteen to twenty grand jurors are required to report to meetings ; the hope is that twelve will show to each meeting , which is the number of jurors required to hear cases ( an additional juror may be kept as an alternate while other extra jurors are typically excused for the day ) .","It takes nine yes votes to the question of probable cause to sign a true bill of indictment .","Fewer than nine yes votes either causes a no true bill or a narrowing of the indictment ( depending on the votes per count ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4285614744324847103","input":"when did mt st helens erupt before 1980","passages":[{"title":"Mount St. Helens","text":"The 57 - year eruptive period that started in 1800 was named after the Goat Rocks dome , and is the first time that both oral and written records exist . Like the Kalama period , the Goat Rocks period started with an explosion of dacite tephra , followed by an andesite lava flow , and culminated with the emplacement of a dacite dome . The 1800 eruption probably rivalled the 1980 eruption in size , although it did not result in massive destruction of the cone . The ash drifted northeast over central and eastern Washington , northern Idaho , and western Montana . There were at least a dozen reported small eruptions of ash from 1831 to 1857 , including a fairly large one in 1842 . The vent was apparently at or near Goat Rocks on the northeast flank . Goat Rocks dome was the site of the bulge in the 1980 eruption , and it was obliterated in the major eruption event on May 18 , 1980 that destroyed the entire north face and top 1,300 feet ( 400 m ) of the mountain .","sentences":["The 57 - year eruptive period that started in 1800 was named after the Goat Rocks dome , and is the first time that both oral and written records exist .","Like the Kalama period , the Goat Rocks period started with an explosion of dacite tephra , followed by an andesite lava flow , and culminated with the emplacement of a dacite dome .","The 1800 eruption probably rivalled the 1980 eruption in size , although it did not result in massive destruction of the cone .","The ash drifted northeast over central and eastern Washington , northern Idaho , and western Montana .","There were at least a dozen reported small eruptions of ash from 1831 to 1857 , including a fairly large one in 1842 .","The vent was apparently at or near Goat Rocks on the northeast flank .","Goat Rocks dome was the site of the bulge in the 1980 eruption , and it was obliterated in the major eruption event on May 18 , 1980 that destroyed the entire north face and top 1,300 feet ( 400 m ) of the mountain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1918620600328532867","input":"family guy back to the future rick astley","passages":[{"title":"Meet the Quagmires","text":"Back in the present day , Peter discovers that his past actions have had drastic effects on the world : he and Molly have been married for 20 years ; Judd Nelson crashes at their house once or twice a week ; Lois is married to Quagmire ; Al Gore is now the President of the United States ; Chris , Meg , and Stewie have Quagmire 's chin , nose , and mannerisms ; and Chevy Chase is the host of The Tonight Show . Brian explains to Peter that by missing out on his date with Lois and making out with Molly , he altered the time line . Despite Brian 's objections about leaving the `` perfect '' world ( in which there are flying cars that run on vegetable oil and Gore has killed Osama bin Laden by strangling him with his bare hands ) , Peter wants to go back to the past so he can undo his mistake . Brian says that this is impossible because Death can only be summoned if someone dies and thanks to Gore 's universal health care , people are living much longer along with a strong , well - funded educational system and zero tolerance gun control that has eliminated street crime . However , when Jane Jetson suddenly falls on the sidewalk and dies , Death arrives and again grants Peter 's wish to return to the past . Back in the past , Peter is determined to accept Lois ' invitation but repeatedly blows his opportunity and ends up repeatedly asking Death for a do - over . When Peter finally gets it right , he forgets a few hours later and parties with Cleveland instead of keeping the date . He asks Death for another chance but Death , fed up with Peter 's continued blunders , tells him that he will have to fix the problem on his own .","sentences":["Back in the present day , Peter discovers that his past actions have had drastic effects on the world : he and Molly have been married for 20 years ; Judd Nelson crashes at their house once or twice a week ; Lois is married to Quagmire ; Al Gore is now the President of the United States ; Chris , Meg , and Stewie have Quagmire 's chin , nose , and mannerisms ; and Chevy Chase is the host of The Tonight Show .","Brian explains to Peter that by missing out on his date with Lois and making out with Molly , he altered the time line .","Despite Brian 's objections about leaving the `` perfect '' world ( in which there are flying cars that run on vegetable oil and Gore has killed Osama bin Laden by strangling him with his bare hands ) , Peter wants to go back to the past so he can undo his mistake .","Brian says that this is impossible because Death can only be summoned if someone dies and thanks to Gore 's universal health care , people are living much longer along with a strong , well - funded educational system and zero tolerance gun control that has eliminated street crime .","However , when Jane Jetson suddenly falls on the sidewalk and dies , Death arrives and again grants Peter 's wish to return to the past .","Back in the past , Peter is determined to accept Lois ' invitation but repeatedly blows his opportunity and ends up repeatedly asking Death for a do - over .","When Peter finally gets it right , he forgets a few hours later and parties with Cleveland instead of keeping the date .","He asks Death for another chance but Death , fed up with Peter 's continued blunders , tells him that he will have to fix the problem on his own ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4555129691799339692","input":"where did the expression dead ringer come from","passages":[{"title":"Safety coffin","text":"In 1829 , Dr. Johann Gottfried Taberger designed a system using a bell which would alert the cemetery nightwatchman . The corpse would have strings attached to its hands , head and feet . A housing around the bell above ground prevented it ringing accidentally . An improvement over previous designs , the housing prevented rainwater from running down the tube and netting prevented insects from entering the coffin . If the bell rang the watchman had to insert a second tube and pump air into the coffin with a bellows to allow the occupant to survive until the casket could be dug up . Vester","sentences":["In 1829 , Dr. Johann Gottfried Taberger designed a system using a bell which would alert the cemetery nightwatchman .","The corpse would have strings attached to its hands , head and feet .","A housing around the bell above ground prevented it ringing accidentally .","An improvement over previous designs , the housing prevented rainwater from running down the tube and netting prevented insects from entering the coffin .","If the bell rang the watchman had to insert a second tube and pump air into the coffin with a bellows to allow the occupant to survive until the casket could be dug up .","Vester"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5714026561919387276","input":"where does working memory occur in the brain","passages":[{"title":"Working memory","text":"Alcohol abuse can result in brain damage which impairs working memory . Alcohol has an effect on the blood - oxygen - level - dependent ( BOLD ) response . The BOLD response correlates increased blood oxygenation with brain activity , which makes this response a useful tool for measuring neuronal activity . The BOLD response affects regions of the brain such as the basal ganglia and thalamus when performing a working memory task . Adolescents who start drinking at a young age show a decreased BOLD response in these brain regions . Alcohol dependent young women in particular exhibit less of a BOLD response in parietal and frontal cortices when performing a spatial working memory task . Binge drinking , specifically , can also affect one 's performance on working memory tasks , particularly visual working memory . Additionally , there seems to be a gender difference in regards to how alcohol affects working memory . While women perform better on verbal working memory tasks after consuming alcohol compared to men , they appear to perform worse on spatial working memory tasks as indicated by less brain activity . Finally , age seems to be an additional factor . Older adults are more susceptible than others to the effects of alcohol on working memory .","sentences":["Alcohol abuse can result in brain damage which impairs working memory .","Alcohol has an effect on the blood - oxygen - level - dependent ( BOLD ) response .","The BOLD response correlates increased blood oxygenation with brain activity , which makes this response a useful tool for measuring neuronal activity .","The BOLD response affects regions of the brain such as the basal ganglia and thalamus when performing a working memory task .","Adolescents who start drinking at a young age show a decreased BOLD response in these brain regions .","Alcohol dependent young women in particular exhibit less of a BOLD response in parietal and frontal cortices when performing a spatial working memory task .","Binge drinking , specifically , can also affect one 's performance on working memory tasks , particularly visual working memory .","Additionally , there seems to be a gender difference in regards to how alcohol affects working memory .","While women perform better on verbal working memory tasks after consuming alcohol compared to men , they appear to perform worse on spatial working memory tasks as indicated by less brain activity .","Finally , age seems to be an additional factor .","Older adults are more susceptible than others to the effects of alcohol on working memory ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"674957140302974365","input":"what is the language of love french or spanish","passages":[{"title":"Romance languages","text":"ae became \/ \u025b\u02d0 \/ by the 1st century a.d. at the latest . Although this sound was still distinct from all existing vowels , the neutralization of Latin vowel length eventually caused its merger with \/ \u025b \/ < short e : e.g. caelum `` sky '' > French ciel , Spanish \/ Italian cielo , Portuguese c\u00e9u \/ s\u025bw \/ , with the same vowel as in mele `` honey '' > French \/ Spanish miel , Italian miele , Portuguese mel \/ m\u025bl \/ . Some words show an early merger of ae with \/ e\u02d0 \/ , as in praeda `` booty '' > * pr\u0113da \/ pre\u02d0da \/ > French proie ( vs. expected * * pri\u00e9e ) , Italian preda ( not * * prieda ) `` prey '' ; or faenum `` hay '' > * f\u0113num ( fe\u02d0n\u0169 ) > Spanish heno , French foin ( but Italian fieno \/ fj\u025bno \/ ) .","sentences":["ae became \/ \u025b\u02d0 \/ by the 1st century a.d.","at the latest .","Although this sound was still distinct from all existing vowels , the neutralization of Latin vowel length eventually caused its merger with \/ \u025b \/ < short e : e.g. caelum `` sky '' >","French ciel , Spanish \/ Italian cielo , Portuguese c\u00e9u \/ s\u025bw \/ , with the same vowel as in mele `` honey '' >","French \/ Spanish miel , Italian miele , Portuguese mel \/ m\u025bl \/ .","Some words show an early merger of ae with \/ e\u02d0 \/ , as in praeda `` booty '' >","* pr\u0113da \/ pre\u02d0da \/ > French proie ( vs. expected * * pri\u00e9e ) , Italian preda ( not * * prieda ) `` prey '' ; or faenum `` hay '' >","* f\u0113num ( fe\u02d0n\u0169 ) >","Spanish heno , French foin ( but Italian fieno \/ fj\u025bno \/ ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9097466207295739279","input":"what are the requirement of material management and control","passages":[{"title":"Materials management","text":"Business administration Management of a business Accounting ( show ) Management accounting Financial accounting Financial audit Business entities ( show ) Cooperative Corporation Limited liability company Partnership Sole proprietorship State - owned enterprise Corporate governance ( show ) Annual general meeting Board of directors Supervisory board Advisory board Audit committee Corporate law ( show ) Commercial law Constitutional documents Contract Corporate crime Corporate liability Insolvency law International trade law Mergers and acquisitions Economics ( show ) Commodity Public economics Labour economics Development economics International economics Mixed economy Planned economy Econometrics Environmental economics Open economy Market economy Knowledge economy Microeconomics Macroeconomics Economic development Economic statistics Finance ( show ) Financial statement Insurance Factoring Cash conversion cycle Insider dealing Capital budgeting Commercial bank Derivative Financial statement analysis Financial risk Public finance Corporate finance Managerial finance International finance Liquidation Stock market Financial market Tax Financial institution Working capital Venture capital Marketing ( show ) Marketing Marketing research Public relations Sales Types of management ( show ) Asset Brand Business intelligence Business development Capacity Change innovation Commercial marketing Communications Conflict Content Customer relationship Distributed Earned value Electronic business Enterprise resource planning management information system Financial Human resource development Incident Integrated Knowledge Materials Network administrator Office Operations services Performance Power Problem Process Product life - cycle Product Project Quality Records Resource Risk crisis Sales Security Service Strategic Supply chain Systems administrator Talent Technology Organization ( show ) Architecture Behavior Communication Culture Conflict Development Engineering Hierarchy Patterns Space Structure Trade ( show ) Business analysis Business ethics Business plan Business judgment rule Consumer behaviour Business operations International business Business model International trade Business process Business statistics Business and economics portal","sentences":["Business administration Management of a business Accounting ( show )","Management accounting Financial accounting Financial audit Business entities ( show )","Cooperative Corporation Limited liability company Partnership Sole proprietorship State - owned enterprise Corporate governance ( show )","Annual general meeting Board of directors Supervisory board Advisory board Audit committee Corporate law ( show )","Commercial law Constitutional documents Contract Corporate crime Corporate liability Insolvency law International trade law Mergers and acquisitions Economics ( show )","Commodity Public economics Labour economics Development economics International economics Mixed economy Planned economy Econometrics Environmental economics Open economy Market economy Knowledge economy Microeconomics Macroeconomics Economic development Economic statistics Finance ( show )","Financial statement Insurance Factoring Cash conversion cycle Insider dealing Capital budgeting Commercial bank Derivative Financial statement analysis Financial risk Public finance Corporate finance Managerial finance International finance Liquidation Stock market Financial market Tax Financial institution Working capital Venture capital Marketing ( show )","Marketing Marketing research Public relations Sales Types of management ( show )","Asset Brand Business intelligence Business development Capacity Change innovation Commercial marketing Communications Conflict Content Customer relationship Distributed Earned value Electronic business Enterprise resource planning management information system Financial Human resource development","Incident Integrated Knowledge Materials Network administrator Office Operations services Performance Power Problem Process Product life - cycle Product Project Quality Records Resource Risk crisis Sales Security Service Strategic Supply chain Systems administrator Talent Technology Organization ( show )","Architecture Behavior Communication Culture Conflict Development Engineering Hierarchy Patterns Space Structure Trade ( show )","Business analysis Business ethics Business plan Business judgment rule Consumer behaviour Business operations International business Business model International trade Business process Business statistics Business and economics portal"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5985224814171812963","input":"list different dance forms of india with states","passages":[{"title":"List of Indian folk dances","text":"Dhap is a Sambalpuri folk dance mostly performed by the Kandha tribe of Kosal region . Men of one village dance with women of another village . Usually unmarried boys and girls take part . The dance is performed during marriage ceremony and more often for the sake of recreation . The dance is so named because of the accompanying instrument , the dhap . The dhap is in the shape of a Khanjari made up of wood with one side open and the other side covered with a piece of animal skin . The dhap dancer holds the dhap with his left hand , the sling slung over his left shoulder , and beats with both hands .","sentences":["Dhap is a Sambalpuri folk dance mostly performed by the Kandha tribe of Kosal region .","Men of one village dance with women of another village .","Usually unmarried boys and girls take part .","The dance is performed during marriage ceremony and more often for the sake of recreation .","The dance is so named because of the accompanying instrument , the dhap .","The dhap is in the shape of a Khanjari made up of wood with one side open and the other side covered with a piece of animal skin .","The dhap dancer holds the dhap with his left hand , the sling slung over his left shoulder , and beats with both hands ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4558242403350837338","input":"how many pure vowels are there in english language","passages":[{"title":"Vowel","text":"Front Near - front Central Near - back Back Close i y \u0268 \u0289 \u026f u \u026a \u028f \u026a\u0308 \u028a\u0308 \u026f\u033d \u028a \u00f8 \u0258 \u0275 \u0264 o e\u031e \u00f8\u031e \u0259 \u0275\u031e \u0264\u031e o\u031e \u025b \u0153 \u025c \u025e \u028c \u0254 \u00e6 \u0250 \u025e\u031e \u0276 \u00e4 \u0252\u0308 \u0251 \u0252 Near - close Close - mid Mid Open - mid Near - open Open","sentences":["Front Near - front Central Near - back Back","Close","i y \u0268 \u0289 \u026f u","\u026a \u028f","\u026a\u0308","\u028a\u0308 \u026f\u033d \u028a","\u00f8","\u0258 \u0275 \u0264","o","e\u031e \u00f8\u031e \u0259 \u0275\u031e \u0264\u031e o\u031e \u025b \u0153 \u025c \u025e \u028c \u0254 \u00e6 \u0250 \u025e\u031e \u0276 \u00e4","\u0252\u0308 \u0251 \u0252 Near - close Close - mid Mid Open - mid Near - open Open"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1937927380132064841","input":"what is the relationship between religion art and the social good","passages":[{"title":"Relationship between religion and science","text":"Oxford University historian and theologian John Hedley Brooke wrote that `` when natural philosophers referred to laws of nature , they were not glibly choosing that metaphor . Laws were the result of legislation by an intelligent deity . Thus the philosopher Ren\u00e9 Descartes ( 1596 -- 1650 ) insisted that he was discovering the `` laws that God has put into nature . '' Later Newton would declare that the regulation of the solar system presupposed the `` counsel and dominion of an intelligent and powerful Being . '' Historian Ronald L. Numbers stated that this thesis `` received a boost '' from mathematician and philosopher Alfred North Whitehead 's Science and the Modern World ( 1925 ) . Numbers has also argued , `` Despite the manifest shortcomings of the claim that Christianity gave birth to science -- most glaringly , it ignores or minimizes the contributions of ancient Greeks and medieval Muslims -- it too , refuses to succumb to the death it deserves . '' The sociologist Rodney Stark of Baylor University , argued in contrast that `` Christian theology was essential for the rise of science . ''","sentences":["Oxford University historian and theologian John Hedley Brooke wrote that `` when natural philosophers referred to laws of nature , they were not glibly choosing that metaphor .","Laws were the result of legislation by an intelligent deity .","Thus the philosopher Ren\u00e9 Descartes ( 1596 -- 1650 ) insisted that he was discovering the `` laws that God has put into nature . ''","Later Newton would declare that the regulation of the solar system presupposed the `` counsel and dominion of an intelligent and powerful Being . ''","Historian Ronald L. Numbers stated that this thesis `` received a boost '' from mathematician and philosopher Alfred North Whitehead 's Science and the Modern World ( 1925 ) .","Numbers has also argued , `` Despite the manifest shortcomings of the claim that Christianity gave birth to science -- most glaringly , it ignores or minimizes the contributions of ancient Greeks and medieval Muslims -- it too , refuses to succumb to the death it deserves . ''","The sociologist Rodney Stark of Baylor University , argued in contrast that `` Christian theology was essential for the rise of science . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9168854058728197750","input":"who invented the first bike in the world","passages":[{"title":"History of the motorcycle","text":"Another early internal combustion , petroleum fueled motorcycle was the Petroleum Reitwagen . It was designed and built by the German inventors Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Bad Cannstatt , Germany in 1885 . This vehicle was unlike either the safety bicycles or the boneshaker bicycles of the era in that it had zero degrees of steering axis angle and no fork offset , and thus did not use the principles of bicycle and motorcycle dynamics developed nearly 70 years earlier . Instead , it relied on two outrigger wheels to remain upright while turning . The inventors called their invention the Reitwagen ( `` riding car '' ) . It was designed as an expedient testbed for their new engine , rather than a true prototype vehicle .","sentences":["Another early internal combustion , petroleum fueled motorcycle was the Petroleum Reitwagen .","It was designed and built by the German inventors Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Bad Cannstatt , Germany in 1885 .","This vehicle was unlike either the safety bicycles or the boneshaker bicycles of the era in that it had zero degrees of steering axis angle and no fork offset , and thus did not use the principles of bicycle and motorcycle dynamics developed nearly 70 years earlier .","Instead , it relied on two outrigger wheels to remain upright while turning .","The inventors called their invention the Reitwagen ( `` riding car '' ) .","It was designed as an expedient testbed for their new engine , rather than a true prototype vehicle ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4027554103277169748","input":"in some jurisdictions juvenile courts are part of","passages":[{"title":"Juvenile court","text":"On a global scale , the United Nations has implemented reforms as it relating to juvenile courts and juvenile justice as a whole . Rules and regulations have been implemented to protect the children 's rights , more specifically creating guidelines for punishment . Movements towards less punitive measures or agencies have been a trend in this regard . For example , in the United Nations general assembly , there was a proposal that `` no child or young person should be subjected to harsh or degrading correction or punishment measures '' . Many Western countries have been condemned for not put these policies into practice nor differentiate the youths from adults in procedure or punishment . The United Nations believes that youths should have less harsh punishment and be deferred to more community supportive programs like tribunals or courts geared towards young people . In Western Europe , there are many countries also criticized and looked at by the United Nations for the disproportionate representation of racial and ethnic minorities in the juvenile court system of the racial and ethnic minority being over-represented .","sentences":["On a global scale , the United Nations has implemented reforms as it relating to juvenile courts and juvenile justice as a whole .","Rules and regulations have been implemented to protect the children 's rights , more specifically creating guidelines for punishment .","Movements towards less punitive measures or agencies have been a trend in this regard .","For example , in the United Nations general assembly , there was a proposal that `` no child or young person should be subjected to harsh or degrading correction or punishment measures '' .","Many Western countries have been condemned for not put these policies into practice nor differentiate the youths from adults in procedure or punishment .","The United Nations believes that youths should have less harsh punishment and be deferred to more community supportive programs like tribunals or courts geared towards young people .","In Western Europe , there are many countries also criticized and looked at by the United Nations for the disproportionate representation of racial and ethnic minorities in the juvenile court system of the racial and ethnic minority being over-represented ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7656953543629461769","input":"where did the 7th day adventist originate from","passages":[{"title":"History of the Seventh-day Adventist Church","text":"`` I am so thankful for the work that Christ 's Object Lessons has accomplished and is still accomplishing . When this book was in preparation , I expected to use the means coming from the sale of this book in preparing and publishing several other books . But the Lord put it into my mind to give this book to our schools , to be used in freeing them from debt . I asked our publishing houses to unite with me in this gift by donating the expense of the publication . This they willingly agreed to do . A fund was raised to pay for the materials used in printing the book , and canvassers and people have sold the book without commission .","sentences":["`` I am so thankful for the work that Christ 's Object Lessons has accomplished and is still accomplishing .","When this book was in preparation , I expected to use the means coming from the sale of this book in preparing and publishing several other books .","But the Lord put it into my mind to give this book to our schools , to be used in freeing them from debt .","I asked our publishing houses to unite with me in this gift by donating the expense of the publication .","This they willingly agreed to do .","A fund was raised to pay for the materials used in printing the book , and canvassers and people have sold the book without commission ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7324219810436405617","input":"why does the girl with the dragon tattoo have a guardian","passages":[{"title":"Lisbeth Salander","text":"At her trial , Salander is defiant and uncooperative . The prosecuting counsel uses testimony from Teleborian , appearing as their principal witness , to depict Salander as insane and in need of long - term care . Giannini then destroys Teleborian 's credibility by introducing the recording of Salander 's rape and produces extensive evidence of the Section 's plot , published in Millennium that morning by Blomkvist . At the same time Giannini starts questioning Teleborian , the 10 members of the Section are arrested and charged with crimes against national security . Police briefly interrupt Salander 's to arrest Teleborian for possession of child pornography , which Salander 's fellow hackers uncovered from his laptop and sent to the authorities . Salander is set free the same day , her name cleared .","sentences":["At her trial , Salander is defiant and uncooperative .","The prosecuting counsel uses testimony from Teleborian , appearing as their principal witness , to depict Salander as insane and in need of long - term care .","Giannini then destroys Teleborian 's credibility by introducing the recording of Salander 's rape and produces extensive evidence of the Section 's plot , published in Millennium that morning by Blomkvist .","At the same time Giannini starts questioning Teleborian , the 10 members of the Section are arrested and charged with crimes against national security .","Police briefly interrupt Salander 's to arrest Teleborian for possession of child pornography , which Salander 's fellow hackers uncovered from his laptop and sent to the authorities .","Salander is set free the same day , her name cleared ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"510817986503867229","input":"how many pages is the piano lesson by august wilson","passages":[{"title":"The Piano Lesson","text":"`` If my daddy had seen where he could have traded that piano in for some land of his own , it would n't be sitting up here now . He spent his whole life farming on somebody else 's land . I ai n't gon na do that . See , he could n't do no better . When he come along he ai n't had nothing he could build on . His daddy ai n't had nothing to give him . The only thing my daddy had to give me was that piano . And he died over giving me that . I ai n't gon na let it sit up there and rot without trying to do something with it . ''","sentences":["`` If my daddy had seen where he could have traded that piano in for some land of his own , it would n't be sitting up here now .","He spent his whole life farming on somebody else 's land .","I ai n't gon na do that .","See , he could n't do no better .","When he come along he ai n't had nothing he could build on .","His daddy ai n't had nothing to give him .","The only thing my daddy had to give me was that piano .","And he died over giving me that .","I ai n't gon na let it sit up there and rot without trying to do something with it . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4067743004102269455","input":"when was aeneas born and when did he die","passages":[{"title":"Aeneas","text":"The rest of Aeneas 's biography is gleaned from other ancient sources , including Livy and Ovid 's Metamorphoses . According to Livy , Aeneas was victorious but Latinus died in the war . Aeneas founded the city of Lavinium , named after his wife . He later welcomed Dido 's sister , Anna Perenna , who then committed suicide after learning of Lavinia 's jealousy . After Aeneas 's death , Venus asked Jupiter to make her son immortal . Jupiter agreed . The river god Numicus cleansed Aeneas of all his mortal parts and Venus anointed him with ambrosia and nectar , making him a god . Aeneas was recognized as the god Jupiter Indiges .","sentences":["The rest of Aeneas 's biography is gleaned from other ancient sources , including Livy and Ovid 's Metamorphoses .","According to Livy , Aeneas was victorious but Latinus died in the war .","Aeneas founded the city of Lavinium , named after his wife .","He later welcomed Dido 's sister , Anna Perenna , who then committed suicide after learning of Lavinia 's jealousy .","After Aeneas 's death , Venus asked Jupiter to make her son immortal .","Jupiter agreed .","The river god Numicus cleansed Aeneas of all his mortal parts and Venus anointed him with ambrosia and nectar , making him a god .","Aeneas was recognized as the god Jupiter Indiges ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3072891939080831322","input":"when was the last time the cleveland browns were in the super bowl","passages":[{"title":"Cleveland Browns","text":"Cleveland Browns legends Inducted No . Player name Position ( s ) Tenure 2001 19 Bernie Kosar QB 1985 -- 1993 92 Michael Dean Perry DE 1989 -- 1994 34 Greg Pruitt RB 1973 -- 1981 26 Ray Renfro WR 1952 -- 1963 2002 57 Clay Matthews LB 1978 -- 1993 17 Brian Sipe QB 1974 -- 1983 58 \/ 88 Mac Speedie WR 1946 -- 1952 2003 29 Hanford Dixon DB 1981 -- 1989 74 \/ 79 Bob Gain DT 1952 -- 1964 77 \/ 80 Dick Schafrath OT 1959 -- 1971 86 Gary Collins WR 1962 -- 1971 42 \/ 82 Tommy James DB \/ P 1948 -- 1955 40 \/ 86 Dub Jones WR 1948 -- 1955 43 Mike Pruitt RB 1976 -- 1984 2005 31 Frank Minnifield DB 1984 -- 1992 13 Frank Ryan QB 1962 -- 1968 72 Jerry Sherk DL 1970 -- 1981 64 \/ 84 Jim Ray Smith OT 1956 -- 1962 2006 20 \/ 21 \/ 44 Earnest Byner RB 1984 -- 1988 1994 -- 1995 73 Doug Dieken OT 1971 -- 1984 82 Jim Houston LB 1960 -- 1972 34 Walt Michaels LB 1952 -- 1961 2007 12 Don Cockroft 1968 -- 1980 59 \/ 84 Horace Gillom 1947 -- 1956 80 Bill Glass DE 1962 -- 1968 34 Kevin Mack RB 1985 -- 1993 2008 71 Walter Johnson DT 1965 -- 1976 24 \/ 80 Warren Lahr DB 1949 -- 1959 21 Eric Metcalf RB 1989 -- 1994 84 \/ 86 Paul Wiggin DE 1957 -- 1967 63 Cody Risien OT 1979 -- 1989 60 John Wooten OG 1959 -- 1967 2011 50 Vince Costello LB 1957 -- 1966 54 Tom DeLeone 1974 -- 1984 2012 22 Clarence Scott DB 1971 -- 1983 48 Ernie Green RB 1962 -- 1968 2013 35 Galen Fiss LB 1956 -- 1966 34 \/ 64 Abe Gibron 1950 -- 1956 2014 68 Robert Jackson OG 1975 -- 1985 89 Milt Morin TE 1966 -- 1975 2015 70 Don Colo DT 1953 -- 1958 79 Bob Golic NT 1982 -- 1988 2016 52 Dick Ambrose LB 1975 -- 1983 27 Thom Darden FS 1972 -- 1981","sentences":["Cleveland Browns legends Inducted No .","Player name Position ( s ) Tenure 2001 19 Bernie Kosar QB 1985 -- 1993 92 Michael Dean Perry DE 1989 -- 1994 34","Greg Pruitt RB 1973 -- 1981 26 Ray Renfro WR 1952 -- 1963 2002 57 Clay Matthews LB 1978 -- 1993 17 Brian Sipe QB 1974 -- 1983 58 \/ 88 Mac Speedie WR 1946 -- 1952 2003 29 Hanford Dixon DB 1981 -- 1989 74 \/ 79","Bob Gain DT 1952 -- 1964 77 \/ 80 Dick Schafrath OT 1959 -- 1971 86 Gary Collins WR 1962 -- 1971 42 \/ 82 Tommy James DB \/ P 1948 -- 1955 40 \/ 86 Dub Jones WR 1948 -- 1955 43","Mike Pruitt RB 1976 -- 1984 2005 31 Frank Minnifield DB 1984 -- 1992 13 Frank Ryan QB 1962 -- 1968 72 Jerry Sherk DL 1970 -- 1981 64 \/ 84 Jim Ray Smith OT 1956 -- 1962 2006 20 \/ 21 \/ 44","Earnest Byner RB 1984 -- 1988 1994 -- 1995 73 Doug Dieken OT 1971 -- 1984 82 Jim Houston LB 1960 -- 1972 34","Walt Michaels LB 1952 -- 1961 2007 12 Don Cockroft 1968 -- 1980 59 \/ 84 Horace Gillom 1947 -- 1956 80 Bill Glass DE 1962 -- 1968 34 Kevin Mack RB 1985 -- 1993","2008 71 Walter Johnson DT 1965 -- 1976 24 \/ 80 Warren Lahr DB 1949 -- 1959 21 Eric Metcalf RB 1989 -- 1994 84 \/ 86 Paul Wiggin DE 1957 -- 1967 63 Cody Risien OT 1979 -- 1989 60 John Wooten OG 1959 -- 1967 2011 50 Vince Costello LB 1957 -- 1966 54 Tom DeLeone 1974 -- 1984 2012 22 Clarence Scott DB 1971 -- 1983 48 Ernie Green RB 1962 -- 1968 2013 35 Galen Fiss LB 1956 -- 1966 34 \/ 64 Abe Gibron 1950 -- 1956 2014 68 Robert Jackson OG 1975 -- 1985 89 Milt Morin TE 1966 -- 1975 2015 70 Don Colo DT 1953 -- 1958 79","Bob Golic NT 1982 -- 1988 2016 52 Dick Ambrose LB 1975 -- 1983 27 Thom Darden FS 1972 -- 1981"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8141661734513366155","input":"when will ant man and the wasp be set","passages":[{"title":"Ant-Man and the Wasp","text":"Michelle Pfeiffer as Janet van Dyne : The original Wasp who is lost in the quantum realm . She is Pym 's wife and Hope 's mother . Pfeiffer was Reed 's dream casting for the role since his time working on the first film , and he ensured that he received her input on the character . He noted that the character has spent 30 years in the quantum realm , so there is a question regarding how that has affected her . The decision to have the character age over those 30 years even though time works differently in the quantum realm was made to avoid any `` sci - fi weirdness '' that could take away from the emotional reunions with Pym and Hope in the film . Hayley Lovitt stands in for a young Janet van Dyne , reprising her role from the first film ; according to Reed , she had been cast in the first film , before Pfeiffer 's involvement , due to her `` saucer - like , Michelle Pfeiffer eyes . ''","sentences":["Michelle Pfeiffer as Janet van Dyne : The original Wasp who is lost in the quantum realm .","She is Pym 's wife and Hope 's mother .","Pfeiffer was Reed 's dream casting for the role since his time working on the first film , and he ensured that he received her input on the character .","He noted that the character has spent 30 years in the quantum realm , so there is a question regarding how that has affected her .","The decision to have the character age over those 30 years even though time works differently in the quantum realm was made to avoid any `` sci - fi weirdness '' that could take away from the emotional reunions with Pym and Hope in the film .","Hayley Lovitt stands in for a young Janet van Dyne , reprising her role from the first film ; according to Reed , she had been cast in the first film , before Pfeiffer 's involvement , due to her `` saucer - like , Michelle Pfeiffer eyes . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3458094570005295795","input":"when must a seller provide earnest money when writing a purchase agreement","passages":[{"title":"Real estate contract","text":"Identify the parties : The full name of the parties must be on the contract . In a sales contract , the parties are the seller ( s ) and buyer ( s ) of the real estate , who are often called the principals to distinguish them from real estate agents , who are effectively their intermediaries and representatives in negotiation of the price . If there are any real estate agents brokering the sale , they are typically listed also as the real estate brokers \/ agents who would earn the commission from the sale . Identify the real estate ( property ) : At least the address , but preferably the legal description must be on the contract . Identify the purchase price : The amount of the sales price or a reasonably ascertainable figure ( an appraisal to be completed at a future date ) must be on the contract . Include signatures : A real estate contract must be entered into voluntarily ( not by force ) , and must be signed by the parties . Have a legal purpose : The contract is void if it calls for illegal action . Involve Competent parties : Mentally impaired , drugged persons , etc. can not enter into a contract . Contracts in which at least one of the parties is a minor are voidable by the minor . Reflect a meeting of the minds : Each side must be clear and agree as to the essential details , rights , and obligations of the contract . Include Consideration : Consideration is something of value bargained for in exchange of the real estate . Money is the most common form of consideration , but other consideration of value , such as other property in exchange , or a promise to perform ( i.e. a promise to pay ) is also satisfactory .","sentences":["Identify the parties : The full name of the parties must be on the contract .","In a sales contract , the parties are the seller ( s ) and buyer ( s ) of the real estate , who are often called the principals to distinguish them from real estate agents , who are effectively their intermediaries and representatives in negotiation of the price .","If there are any real estate agents brokering the sale , they are typically listed also as the real estate brokers \/ agents who would earn the commission from the sale .","Identify the real estate ( property ) :","At least the address , but preferably the legal description must be on the contract .","Identify the purchase price : The amount of the sales price or a reasonably ascertainable figure ( an appraisal to be completed at a future date ) must be on the contract .","Include signatures : A real estate contract must be entered into voluntarily ( not by force ) , and must be signed by the parties .","Have a legal purpose : The contract is void if it calls for illegal action .","Involve Competent parties : Mentally impaired , drugged persons , etc. can not enter into a contract .","Contracts in which at least one of the parties is a minor are voidable by the minor .","Reflect a meeting of the minds : Each side must be clear and agree as to the essential details , rights , and obligations of the contract .","Include Consideration : Consideration is something of value bargained for in exchange of the real estate .","Money is the most common form of consideration , but other consideration of value , such as other property in exchange , or a promise to perform ( i.e. a promise to pay ) is also satisfactory ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3423940504186921730","input":"who is the daddy to whom the death's head figure war refers in the cartoons caption","passages":[{"title":"Daddy Warbucks","text":"Warbucks was born about 1894 , near the small town of Supine . ( In Thomas Meehan 's 1980 novelisation of his 1977 musical , he was born and brought up in Hell 's Kitchen New York and is 52 years old as of 1933 , thus giving him a birthdate of 1881 . In the 1982 film , he says he was born in Liverpool , United Kingdom . ) His father , a section boss on the railroad , was killed when he was a month old . His mother was left with only `` gumption '' and a house in which she was able to keep boarders . His early youth in Supine involved cornering all the marbles in town at age nine , serving as a messenger for the telegraph company , having a girlfriend named Millie , fishing , swimming and raiding melon patches with Spike Spangle and beating up the son of the banker who planned to foreclose on his mother 's house . Then on June 7 , 1905 when he was 11 years old , his mother died at age 30 , of typhoid . On the night of the funeral he was put on the outbound Limited . Presumably he later spent some time in the city for he and Paddy Cairns were companions together in the old 8th Ward .","sentences":["Warbucks was born about 1894 , near the small town of Supine .","( In Thomas Meehan 's 1980 novelisation of his 1977 musical , he was born and brought up in Hell 's Kitchen New York and is 52 years old as of 1933 , thus giving him a birthdate of 1881 .","In the 1982 film , he says he was born in Liverpool , United Kingdom . )","His father , a section boss on the railroad , was killed when he was a month old .","His mother was left with only `` gumption '' and a house in which she was able to keep boarders .","His early youth in Supine involved cornering all the marbles in town at age nine , serving as a messenger for the telegraph company , having a girlfriend named Millie , fishing , swimming and raiding melon patches with Spike Spangle and beating up the son of the banker who planned to foreclose on his mother 's house .","Then on June 7 , 1905 when he was 11 years old , his mother died at age 30 , of typhoid .","On the night of the funeral he was put on the outbound Limited .","Presumably he later spent some time in the city for he and Paddy Cairns were companions together in the old 8th Ward ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6341846898547576321","input":"the protest in chiapas known as the zapatista rebellion","passages":[{"title":"Zapatista Army of National Liberation","text":"Arrest - warrants were made for Marcos , Javier Elorriaga Berdegue , Silvia Fern\u00e1ndez Hern\u00e1ndez , Jorge Santiago , Fernando Yanez , German Vicente , Jorge Santiago and other Zapatistas . At that point , in the Lacandon Jungle , the Zapatista Army of National Liberation was under military siege by the Mexican Army . Javier Elorriaga was captured on February 9 , 1995 , by forces from a military garrison at Gabina Vel\u00e1zquez in the town of Las Margaritas , and was later taken to the Cerro Hueco prison in Tuxtla Guti\u00e9rrez , Chiapas . On February 11 , 1995 , the PGR informed the country that the government had implemented an operation in the State of M\u00e9xico , where they had captured 14 people presumed to be involved with the Zapatistas , of which eight had already being turned over to the judicial authorities . They had also seized an important arsenal , the PGR stated . The PGR 's repressive acts reached the point of threatening the San Crist\u00f3bal de Las Casas ' Catholic Bishop , Samuel Ruiz Garc\u00eda , with arrest , for allegedly aiding to conceal the Zapatistas ' guerrilla uprising , even though their activities were reported years before the uprising in what is considered one of Mexico 's most important magazines , Proceso , which the Mexican Government had tried to cover it up . This dealt a serious blow to the recently restored Mexico - Vatican diplomatic relationship , taking account the May 24 , 1993 political assassination of a Prince of the Catholic Church , the Guadalajara Cardinal Juan Jes\u00fas Posadas Ocampo , that the PGR has left unresolved to this day .","sentences":["Arrest - warrants were made for Marcos , Javier Elorriaga Berdegue , Silvia Fern\u00e1ndez Hern\u00e1ndez , Jorge Santiago , Fernando Yanez , German Vicente , Jorge Santiago and other Zapatistas .","At that point , in the Lacandon Jungle , the Zapatista Army of National Liberation was under military siege by the Mexican Army .","Javier Elorriaga was captured on February 9 , 1995 , by forces from a military garrison at Gabina Vel\u00e1zquez in the town of Las Margaritas , and was later taken to the Cerro Hueco prison in Tuxtla Guti\u00e9rrez , Chiapas .","On February 11 , 1995 , the PGR informed the country that the government had implemented an operation in the State of M\u00e9xico , where they had captured 14 people presumed to be involved with the Zapatistas , of which eight had already being turned over to the judicial authorities .","They had also seized an important arsenal , the PGR stated .","The PGR 's repressive acts reached the point of threatening the San Crist\u00f3bal de Las Casas ' Catholic Bishop , Samuel Ruiz Garc\u00eda , with arrest , for allegedly aiding to conceal the Zapatistas ' guerrilla uprising , even though their activities were reported years before the uprising in what is considered one of Mexico 's most important magazines , Proceso , which the Mexican Government had tried to cover it up .","This dealt a serious blow to the recently restored Mexico - Vatican diplomatic relationship , taking account the May 24 , 1993 political assassination of a Prince of the Catholic Church , the Guadalajara Cardinal Juan Jes\u00fas Posadas Ocampo , that the PGR has left unresolved to this day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2701514795169456015","input":"when does tara die in sons of anarchy","passages":[{"title":"Tara Knowles","text":"At the beginning of Season 4 Tara is waiting to greet Jax on his return home . When Jax arrives he and Tara spend a little time with Abel and Thomas before Jax has to go inside the clubhouse for a meeting . When Tara and Jax meet at their house later , they waste no more time and begin making love . Jax then proposes to Tara by putting a ring on their son Thomas 's finger . Before Tara can fully accept they have a serious talk about the future of their family . Jax explains that he is done with SAMCRO , but he has to stay until Clay steps down as president because he and Gemma wo n't let Jax walk away without conflict . He does assure her that as soon as Clay retires and once he has saved enough money to avoid living off his wife he will leave SAMCRO and they will start fresh as a normal family .","sentences":["At the beginning of Season 4 Tara is waiting to greet Jax on his return home .","When Jax arrives he and Tara spend a little time with Abel and Thomas before Jax has to go inside the clubhouse for a meeting .","When Tara and Jax meet at their house later , they waste no more time and begin making love .","Jax then proposes to Tara by putting a ring on their son Thomas 's finger .","Before Tara can fully accept they have a serious talk about the future of their family .","Jax explains that he is done with SAMCRO , but he has to stay until Clay steps down as president because he and Gemma wo n't let Jax walk away without conflict .","He does assure her that as soon as Clay retires and once he has saved enough money to avoid living off his wife he will leave SAMCRO and they will start fresh as a normal family ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1307146366752493904","input":"where did the black hawk crash in mogadishu","passages":[{"title":"Battle of Mogadishu (1993)","text":"In September 1991 , severe fighting broke out in Mogadishu , which continued in the following months and spread throughout the country , with over 20,000 people killed or injured by the end of the year . These wars led to the destruction of Somalia 's agriculture , which in turn led to starvation in large parts of the country . The international community began to send food supplies to halt the starvation , but vast amounts of food were hijacked and brought to local clan leaders , who routinely exchanged it with other countries for weapons . An estimated 80 percent of the food was stolen . These factors led to even more starvation , from which an estimated 300,000 people died and another 1.5 million people suffered between 1991 and 1992 . In July 1992 , after a ceasefire between the opposing clan factions , the U.N. sent 50 military observers to watch the food 's distribution . US","sentences":["In September 1991 , severe fighting broke out in Mogadishu , which continued in the following months and spread throughout the country , with over 20,000 people killed or injured by the end of the year .","These wars led to the destruction of Somalia 's agriculture , which in turn led to starvation in large parts of the country .","The international community began to send food supplies to halt the starvation , but vast amounts of food were hijacked and brought to local clan leaders , who routinely exchanged it with other countries for weapons .","An estimated 80 percent of the food was stolen .","These factors led to even more starvation , from which an estimated 300,000 people died and another 1.5 million people suffered between 1991 and 1992 .","In July 1992 , after a ceasefire between the opposing clan factions , the U.N. sent 50 military observers to watch the food 's distribution .","US"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3477387547207053920","input":"why does socio-economics play such an important role in terms of its contribution to inequality","passages":[{"title":"Socioeconomic status","text":"The wealth gap , like income inequality , is very large in the United States . There exists a racial wealth gap due in part to income disparities and differences in achievement resulting from institutional discrimination . According to Thomas Shapiro , differences in savings ( due to different rates of incomes ) , inheritance factors , and discrimination in the housing market lead to the racial wealth gap . Shapiro claims that savings increase with increasing income , but African Americans can not participate in this , because they make significantly less than Americans of European descent ( whites ) . Additionally , rates of inheritance dramatically differ between African Americans and Americans of European descent . The amount a person inherits , either during a lifetime or after death , can create different starting points between two different individuals or families . These different starting points also factor into housing , education , and employment discrimination . A third reason Shapiro offers for the racial wealth gap are the various discriminations African Americans must face , like redlining and higher interest rates in the housing market . These types of discrimination feed into the other reasons why African Americans end up having different starting points and therefore fewer assets .","sentences":["The wealth gap , like income inequality , is very large in the United States .","There exists a racial wealth gap due in part to income disparities and differences in achievement resulting from institutional discrimination .","According to Thomas Shapiro , differences in savings ( due to different rates of incomes ) , inheritance factors , and discrimination in the housing market lead to the racial wealth gap .","Shapiro claims that savings increase with increasing income , but African Americans can not participate in this , because they make significantly less than Americans of European descent ( whites ) .","Additionally , rates of inheritance dramatically differ between African Americans and Americans of European descent .","The amount a person inherits , either during a lifetime or after death , can create different starting points between two different individuals or families .","These different starting points also factor into housing , education , and employment discrimination .","A third reason Shapiro offers for the racial wealth gap are the various discriminations African Americans must face , like redlining and higher interest rates in the housing market .","These types of discrimination feed into the other reasons why African Americans end up having different starting points and therefore fewer assets ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-730622427993985469","input":"who was the mp in the dirty dozen","passages":[{"title":"The Dirty Dozen","text":"Jim Brown , the Cleveland Browns running back , announced his retirement from American football at age 29 during the making of the film . The owner of the Browns , Art Modell , demanded Brown choose between football and acting . With Brown 's considerable accomplishments in the sport ( he was already the NFL 's all - time leading rusher , was well ahead statistically of the second - leading rusher , and his team had won the 1964 NFL Championship ) , he chose acting . Despite his retirement from football more than 50 years ago , Brown remains the league 's 10th all - time leading rusher , the Cleveland Browns ' all - time leading rusher , and the only player in league history to have a career average 100 yards per game . In some form of tribute , Art Modell himself said in Spike Lee 's Jim Brown : All American documentary , that he made a huge mistake in forcing Jim Brown to choose between football and Hollywood , and if he had it to do over again , he would never have made such a demand . Modell fined Jim Brown the equivalent of over $100 per day , a fine which Brown said that `` today would n't even buy the doughnuts for a team '' .","sentences":["Jim Brown , the Cleveland Browns running back , announced his retirement from American football at age 29 during the making of the film .","The owner of the Browns , Art Modell , demanded Brown choose between football and acting .","With Brown 's considerable accomplishments in the sport ( he was already the NFL 's all - time leading rusher , was well ahead statistically of the second - leading rusher , and his team had won the 1964 NFL Championship ) , he chose acting .","Despite his retirement from football more than 50 years ago , Brown remains the league 's 10th all - time leading rusher , the Cleveland Browns ' all - time leading rusher , and the only player in league history to have a career average 100 yards per game .","In some form of tribute , Art Modell himself said in Spike Lee 's Jim Brown : All American documentary , that he made a huge mistake in forcing Jim Brown to choose between football and Hollywood , and if he had it to do over again , he would never have made such a demand .","Modell fined Jim Brown the equivalent of over $100 per day , a fine which Brown said that `` today would n't even buy the doughnuts for a team '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8078004614753233236","input":"will there be a 3rd season of shannara chronicles","passages":[{"title":"The Shannara Chronicles","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) `` Chosen '' Jonathan Liebesman Alfred Gough & Miles Millar January 5 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 05 ) 1.03 Amberle , the Princess of the Elven Kingdom , runs the Gauntlet , customarily an all - male race , to determine who will become the Chosen , seven servants of the Ellcrys , a great tree that holds back an ancient army of demons in a realm called the Forbidding . She finishes seventh . When she touches the tree during the initiation ceremony , she has a vision of elves being slaughtered . The druid Allanon wakes up after a long slumber . Wil Ohmsford 's mother passes him the elfstones , a magical relic that belonged to Wil 's late father . Wil decides to go to Storlock , the village of healers , to learn the healing arts there . On the way , he is ambushed by a troll and saved by a Rover girl named Eretria , who drugs him and steals the elfstones . Allanon meets with the Elven King Eventine in the city of Arborlon and warns him that the Ellcrys is dying . He leaves to seek out Wil and finds him with Eretria . As the Ellcrys weakens , a demon named the Dagda Mor breaks free of the Forbidding along with the Changeling , whom he dispatches to eliminate the Chosen . Amberle , haunted by the visions she saw when she touched the Ellcrys , flees Arborlon . She comes across Eretria , steals food and a horse , and heads for Wing Hove to meet with her aunt , Eventine 's sister Pyria ( Sarah Peirse ) . Meanwhile , Allanon takes Wil to the Druid Keep at Paranor to find the secret to restoring the Ellcrys . Allanon uses magic to uncover a codex , proving to Wil that magic did n't end in the War of the Races 300 years ago . The Dagda Mor attacks Allanon in his mind . Allanon and Wil learn that the Chosen are the key to the renewal of the Ellcrys ; however , the Changeling , using Amberle 's form , has killed them all except Amberle , who had run away . Allanon and Wil track her to Wing Hove , where they are attacked by a Fury summoned from the Forbidding . The Fury kills Pyria and goes after Wil and Amberle . `` Fury '' James Marshall Alfred Gough & Miles Millar January 12 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 12 ) 0.92 As the Fury is chasing Wil and Amberle , an injured Allanon rises and kills it . The trio head to the Druid Cave to treat Allanon . After leaving him there , Wil and Amberle head to Silver River to grab some of its mud , which has healing properties , but are ambushed by Eretria and another rover . They are taken as hostages to the rover camp so Wil can teach Cephelo how to use the Elfstones . Wil is unable to do so , and Cephelo threatens to kill Eretria . A Fury attacks the Rover camp but is destroyed by Wil , using the powers of the elfstones . Allanon is cured by the magic from the Druid Cave and rescues Wil and Amberle from the Rovers . On their way to Arborlon , they find an elf named Bandon chained and left alone and they take him with them . At Arborlon , Bandon has a vision of Amberle dying . The Elven Council discusses the crisis of the Ellcrys and decides to let Amberle , the last of the Chosen , enter the tree and search for its seed , which must be taken to Safehold . `` Changeling '' James Marshall Alfred Gough & Miles Millar January 19 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 19 ) 0.75 Amberle enters the Ellcrys , is put to a test , and gains the seed from the tree when she succeeds . The group prepares to take it to Safehold but realizes that the demon is still alive . Amberle draws an image of a stained glass window , which she saw in a vision inside the Ellcrys . After being threatened by her foster father , Eretria sneaks into the elven palace and seduces Wil only to steal the elfstones again . As she tries to escape the palace , the demon disguises itself as her and attempts to kill Amberle but fails and the real Eretria is arrested for it . Bandon is revealed to be a seer . No one is able to find the demon , so they assume it must be a shapeshifting demon and prepare a trap to catch it . Wil and Eretria realize that the demon was disguised as one of the guards and was aware of the plan . Wil runs to warn Amberle , but the Changeling gets there first and is killed by Allanon , who orders the guards to burn it and save its ashes . However , the demon comes back to life and kills the guards . 5 5 `` Reaper '' Brad Turner Evan Endicott & Josh Stoddard January 26 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 26 ) 1.03 Ten years ago , a group of gnomes led by Slanter snuck into Arborlon in an attempt to assassinate the King , but ended up killing Prince Aine instead . In the present , the expedition to find Safehold is ambushed by Cephelo 's rovers . Amberle is taken prisoner while Wil and the escort are left to die in the wilderness . Eretria receives her reward -- her own freedom -- and leaves the group , but comes back to free Amberle , take Cephelo prisoner and save Wil and most of the guards . Once the group arrives at their destination , the Reaper , a demon hungry for death , has already killed the garrison and attacks them . Cephelo lures it into an ancient field of chemical garbage and sets the field on fire , killing it . Meanwhile , Allanon asks Bandon to contact Amberle through the Ellcrys . In a vision , he sees her dead at Dagda Mor 's feet . News comes in about demon attacks on elven villages . Ander suggests they seek the demon 's source and enlists Slanter , who was captured 10 years ago , as a guide . The Changeling , disguised as Arion , kills the King and takes his place . 6 6 `` Pykon '' Brad Turner Zander Lehmann February 2 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 02 ) 0.97 While camping , Amberle has a romantic dream about Wil . As a snow storm comes their way , the group decides to take a shortcut to Wilderun by passing through Pykon , a snowy Elven outpost . As they get there , they are welcomed by Mag , a mysterious child , and Remo , an elf who is the property 's caretaker . Elsewhere , Reaper rises from the ashes of the explosion and follows the group 's tracks . Remo reveals himself to be a torturer seeking revenge . As he begins to torture Amberle , Wil is able to stop him with the help of Mag . The group tries to escape Pykon when the Reaper reaches them . Crispin is killed while fighting it . Wil , Amberle and Eretria fall off a cliff with the Reaper . In Arborlon , the Changeling , disguised as the King , convinces Arion to find an ancient sword said to possess power to defeat Dagda Mor . Once Arion succeeds , he is confronted by Allanon who reveals that the weapon is a talisman of evil and a danger to all . Arion then stabs Allanon , removing him from existence . Meanwhile , Ander and Slanter find Dagda Mor 's horde of demons . 7 7 `` Breakline '' Jesse Warn Deanna Kizis February 9 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 09 ) 0.80 After Wil , Eretria , and Amberle fall off the cliff , they get separated . After awakening next to the Reaper 's corpse and prying the Elfstones out of his bloody left palm , Wil is attacked by a male elf from Owen Moor named Perk , whose left ear was stolen by Elf Hunters who cut off and sell the ears to gnomes . He wants to rescue his female partner Genewen who was captured by them . The man who cut off his ear , Cormac , is left behind to guard the camp as their female leader Zora pursues the princess . Eretria and Amberle are subsequently chased by the same group into an old hall that sunk underground during the great war . Meanwhile , in Arborlon , the Changeling , in the guise of King Eventine , sends the Princes Ander and Arion on a seemingly futile mission to kill the Dagda Mor . Allanon is healed by his former master Bremen and returns to Earth . While underground Amberle picks up three blue dice ; an eight - sided and a pair of ten - sided dice . They also notice a map which resembles Eretria 's vision and she tells Eretria it is Safehold . She and Eretria fight off some Elf Hunters but are captured by Zora . Wil arrives , dangling from Genewen , who turns out to be a flying Roc mounted by Perk , who is a Wing Rider . On the way out Zora shoots Eretria and she falls . More of the Elf Hunters arrive , preventing them from going back for her . The princes arrive to face the Dagda Mor , discovering an imprisoned Bandon . Arion attacks the evil Druid with the sword , but the Dagda Mor is prepared and kills him . Allanon arrives on the scene just in time to save Ander and free Bandon . Eretria is shown hauled off alongside a golf bag full of clubs and a white plastic lawn chair . Ander kills the Changeling with Allanon 's collapsible sword , becoming King of the Elves . 8 8 `` Utopia '' Jesse Warn April Blair February 16 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 16 ) 0.78 Allanon tells Bandon he 'll train him to be the next druid . Ander gets drunk . Eretria is bought out of slavery ( along with the map to Safehold ) by a human , who shows her how to shoot a revolver and they watch James T. Kirk and Spock in a scene from Star Trek : The Motion Picture . After kissing , Wil and Amberle rescue Cephelo but he ditches them before they sneak into the human village Eretria 's in , hugging Wil as he leaves . Cephelo is captured skulking around the village border after noticing that Zora is laying dead outside . Eretria reveals to Wil that the Safehold map is in the village , he seems surprised , indicating Amberle had not told him this . When Wil and Amberle 's elven heritage is uncovered during the party , Eretria sneaks off and speaks to a man with a mutilated eye . After he warns her , she flirts with her new owner long enough to steal his revolver . The three are tied to posts to be sacrificed to trolls , Cephelo offers their captors a bag which he says contain the Elfstones . When opened , it is actually the three blue dice that Amberle found . Eretria frees the captives after shooting a troll about to kill Wil . Firefight ensues and Cephelo is mortally wounded . He takes Eretria 's pistol and buys them time to escape . More trolls arrive and finding their dead friend attack the Utopians . Episode ends with Wil , Amberle and Eretria coming out of a forest to look upon the ruins of San Francisco . 9 9 `` Safehold '' Brad Turner Evan Endicott & Josh Stoddard February 23 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 23 ) 0.72 Wil , Amberle , and Eretria arrive at Safehold , which turns out to be the ruins of San Francisco and Oakland ( the name Safehold coming off the highway sign missing some letters ) . Eretria discovers that the tattoo on her back is a magical map to the location of the Bloodfire and leads the group there . They are confronted by the Guardians of the Bloodfire who attempt to turn the group against each other . Ander sends Commander Tilton to make an alliance with the Gnomes against the Demons . The Dagda Mor continues to control Bandon 's mind , forcing him to attack Ander , Catania , and finally Allanon , who subdues him . Elven Councilor Kael Pindanon , thinking Ander too weak to lead , attempts to seize the throne for herself and has Ander imprisoned . Commander Tilton and Slanter return to Arborlon with a Gnome army and free Ander , and the Council accepts Ander as king after he announces the alliance with the Gnomes . Overcoming the Guardians ' mental assaults , Eretria discovers her blood is the key to unlocking the Bloodfire and impales her hand on a magical spike , causing the Bloodfire to ignite . Wil destroys the Guardians with the Elfstones , and Amberle immerses herself in the Bloodfire . When it vanishes , Amberle is nowhere to be seen , and Eretria is unconscious . The last leaf falls from the Ellcrys , and the Elves and Gnomes prepare for war as the Dagda Mor 's Demon army marches on Arborlon . 10 10 `` Ellcrys '' Brad Turner April Blair & Evan Endicott & Josh Stoddard March 1 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 01 ) 0.85 Wil revives Eretria with the Elfstones . Within the magic of the Bloodfire , Amberle learns the nature of her quest from the spirit of the Ellcrys before returning to join Wil and Eretria . While leaving Safehold , the group is pursued by Trolls , and Eretria stays behind to give the others time to escape . After returning to Arborlon , Wil and Amberle profess their love for each other . Bandon escapes from prison with Catania 's help . The Demon army attacks Arborlon , and the Elves and Gnomes fight to defend the Ellcrys . In the battle , Ander and Commander Tilton encounter Arion , now resurrected as a Demon . Arion kills Commander Tilton before being killed himself by Ander . Allanon and Slanter rescue Wil and Amberle from a group of Demons and escort them to the Ellcrys . The Dagda Mor blocks their way , and Allanon battles the evil Druid . Amberle tells Wil that she is the seed and must sacrifice herself to become the new Ellcrys . The Dagda Mor knocks Allanon aside and tries to kill Wil and Amberle . Wil holds off the Demon leader with the Elfstones and Allanon beheads him . Amberle successfully becomes the new Ellcrys , and the Forbidding is renewed , banishing the Demons . Allanon admits to a heartbroken Wil that he knew what Amberle had to do from the beginning and reminds him that all magic comes with a price . Wil rides off to Safehold to rescue Eretria . Bandon is briefly seen carrying the Dagda Mor 's evil blade , his eyes turned completely black . Eretria is captured by Trolls and recognizes one of her captors .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) `` Chosen '' Jonathan Liebesman Alfred Gough & Miles Millar January 5 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 05 ) 1.03 Amberle , the Princess of the Elven Kingdom , runs the Gauntlet , customarily an all - male race , to determine who will become the Chosen , seven servants of the Ellcrys , a great tree that holds back an ancient army of demons in a realm called the Forbidding .","She finishes seventh .","When she touches the tree during the initiation ceremony , she has a vision of elves being slaughtered .","The druid Allanon wakes up after a long slumber .","Wil Ohmsford 's mother passes him the elfstones , a magical relic that belonged to Wil 's late father .","Wil decides to go to Storlock , the village of healers , to learn the healing arts there .","On the way , he is ambushed by a troll and saved by a Rover girl named Eretria , who drugs him and steals the elfstones .","Allanon meets with the Elven King Eventine in the city of Arborlon and warns him that the Ellcrys is dying .","He leaves to seek out Wil and finds him with Eretria .","As the Ellcrys weakens , a demon named the Dagda Mor breaks free of the Forbidding along with the Changeling , whom he dispatches to eliminate the Chosen .","Amberle , haunted by the visions she saw when she touched the Ellcrys , flees Arborlon .","She comes across Eretria , steals food and a horse , and heads for Wing Hove to meet with her aunt , Eventine 's sister Pyria ( Sarah Peirse ) .","Meanwhile , Allanon takes Wil to the Druid Keep at Paranor to find the secret to restoring the Ellcrys .","Allanon uses magic to uncover a codex , proving to Wil that magic did n't end in the War of the Races 300 years ago .","The Dagda Mor attacks Allanon in his mind .","Allanon and Wil learn that the Chosen are the key to the renewal of the Ellcrys ; however , the Changeling , using Amberle 's form , has killed them all except Amberle , who had run away .","Allanon and Wil track her to Wing Hove , where they are attacked by a Fury summoned from the Forbidding .","The Fury kills Pyria and goes after Wil and Amberle .","`` Fury '' James Marshall Alfred Gough & Miles Millar January 12 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 12 ) 0.92","As the Fury is chasing Wil and Amberle , an injured Allanon rises and kills it .","The trio head to the Druid Cave to treat Allanon .","After leaving him there , Wil and Amberle head to Silver River to grab some of its mud , which has healing properties , but are ambushed by Eretria and another rover .","They are taken as hostages to the rover camp so Wil can teach Cephelo how to use the Elfstones .","Wil is unable to do so , and Cephelo threatens to kill Eretria .","A Fury attacks the Rover camp but is destroyed by Wil , using the powers of the elfstones .","Allanon is cured by the magic from the Druid Cave and rescues Wil and Amberle from the Rovers .","On their way to Arborlon , they find an elf named Bandon chained and left alone and they take him with them .","At Arborlon , Bandon has a vision of Amberle dying .","The Elven Council discusses the crisis of the Ellcrys and decides to let Amberle , the last of the Chosen , enter the tree and search for its seed , which must be taken to Safehold .","`` Changeling '' James Marshall Alfred Gough & Miles Millar January 19 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 19 ) 0.75 Amberle enters the Ellcrys , is put to a test , and gains the seed from the tree when she succeeds .","The group prepares to take it to Safehold but realizes that the demon is still alive .","Amberle draws an image of a stained glass window , which she saw in a vision inside the Ellcrys .","After being threatened by her foster father , Eretria sneaks into the elven palace and seduces Wil only to steal the elfstones again .","As she tries to escape the palace , the demon disguises itself as her and attempts to kill Amberle but fails and the real Eretria is arrested for it .","Bandon is revealed to be a seer .","No one is able to find the demon , so they assume it must be a shapeshifting demon and prepare a trap to catch it .","Wil and Eretria realize that the demon was disguised as one of the guards and was aware of the plan .","Wil runs to warn Amberle , but the Changeling gets there first and is killed by Allanon , who orders the guards to burn it and save its ashes .","However , the demon comes back to life and kills the guards .","5 5 `` Reaper '' Brad Turner Evan Endicott & Josh Stoddard January 26 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 26 ) 1.03 Ten years ago , a group of gnomes led by Slanter snuck into Arborlon in an attempt to assassinate the King , but ended up killing Prince Aine instead .","In the present , the expedition to find Safehold is ambushed by Cephelo 's rovers .","Amberle is taken prisoner while Wil and the escort are left to die in the wilderness .","Eretria receives her reward -- her own freedom -- and leaves the group , but comes back to free Amberle , take Cephelo prisoner and save Wil and most of the guards .","Once the group arrives at their destination , the Reaper , a demon hungry for death , has already killed the garrison and attacks them .","Cephelo lures it into an ancient field of chemical garbage and sets the field on fire , killing it .","Meanwhile , Allanon asks Bandon to contact Amberle through the Ellcrys .","In a vision , he sees her dead at Dagda Mor 's feet .","News comes in about demon attacks on elven villages .","Ander suggests they seek the demon 's source and enlists Slanter , who was captured 10 years ago , as a guide .","The Changeling , disguised as Arion , kills the King and takes his place .","6 6 `` Pykon '' Brad Turner Zander Lehmann February 2 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 02 ) 0.97","While camping , Amberle has a romantic dream about Wil .","As a snow storm comes their way , the group decides to take a shortcut to Wilderun by passing through Pykon , a snowy Elven outpost .","As they get there , they are welcomed by Mag , a mysterious child , and Remo , an elf who is the property 's caretaker .","Elsewhere , Reaper rises from the ashes of the explosion and follows the group 's tracks .","Remo reveals himself to be a torturer seeking revenge .","As he begins to torture Amberle , Wil is able to stop him with the help of Mag .","The group tries to escape Pykon when the Reaper reaches them .","Crispin is killed while fighting it .","Wil , Amberle and Eretria fall off a cliff with the Reaper .","In Arborlon , the Changeling , disguised as the King , convinces Arion to find an ancient sword said to possess power to defeat Dagda Mor .","Once Arion succeeds , he is confronted by Allanon who reveals that the weapon is a talisman of evil and a danger to all .","Arion then stabs Allanon , removing him from existence .","Meanwhile , Ander and Slanter find Dagda Mor 's horde of demons .","7 7 `` Breakline '' Jesse Warn Deanna Kizis February 9 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 09 ) 0.80","After Wil , Eretria , and Amberle fall off the cliff , they get separated .","After awakening next to the Reaper 's corpse and prying the Elfstones out of his bloody left palm , Wil is attacked by a male elf from Owen Moor named Perk , whose left ear was stolen by Elf Hunters who cut off and sell the ears to gnomes .","He wants to rescue his female partner Genewen who was captured by them .","The man who cut off his ear , Cormac , is left behind to guard the camp as their female leader Zora pursues the princess .","Eretria and Amberle are subsequently chased by the same group into an old hall that sunk underground during the great war .","Meanwhile , in Arborlon , the Changeling , in the guise of King Eventine , sends the Princes Ander and Arion on a seemingly futile mission to kill the Dagda Mor .","Allanon is healed by his former master Bremen and returns to Earth .","While underground Amberle picks up three blue dice ; an eight - sided and a pair of ten - sided dice .","They also notice a map which resembles Eretria 's vision and she tells Eretria it is Safehold .","She and Eretria fight off some Elf Hunters but are captured by Zora .","Wil arrives , dangling from Genewen , who turns out to be a flying Roc mounted by Perk , who is a Wing Rider .","On the way out Zora shoots Eretria and she falls .","More of the Elf Hunters arrive , preventing them from going back for her .","The princes arrive to face the Dagda Mor , discovering an imprisoned Bandon .","Arion attacks the evil Druid with the sword , but the Dagda Mor is prepared and kills him .","Allanon arrives on the scene just in time to save Ander and free Bandon .","Eretria is shown hauled off alongside a golf bag full of clubs and a white plastic lawn chair .","Ander kills the Changeling with Allanon 's collapsible sword , becoming King of the Elves .","8 8 `` Utopia '' Jesse Warn April Blair February 16 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 16 ) 0.78","Allanon tells Bandon he 'll train him to be the next druid .","Ander gets drunk .","Eretria is bought out of slavery ( along with the map to Safehold ) by a human , who shows her how to shoot a revolver and they watch James T. Kirk and Spock in a scene from Star Trek : The Motion Picture .","After kissing , Wil and Amberle rescue Cephelo","but he ditches them before they sneak into the human village Eretria 's in , hugging Wil as he leaves .","Cephelo is captured skulking around the village border after noticing that Zora is laying dead outside .","Eretria reveals to Wil that the Safehold map is in the village , he seems surprised , indicating Amberle had not told him this .","When Wil and Amberle 's elven heritage is uncovered during the party , Eretria sneaks off and speaks to a man with a mutilated eye .","After he warns her , she flirts with her new owner long enough to steal his revolver .","The three are tied to posts to be sacrificed to trolls , Cephelo offers their captors a bag which he says contain the Elfstones .","When opened , it is actually the three blue dice that Amberle found .","Eretria frees the captives after shooting a troll about to kill Wil .","Firefight ensues and Cephelo is mortally wounded .","He takes Eretria 's pistol and buys them time to escape .","More trolls arrive and finding their dead friend attack the Utopians .","Episode ends with Wil , Amberle and Eretria coming out of a forest to look upon the ruins of San Francisco .","9 9 `` Safehold '' Brad Turner Evan Endicott & Josh Stoddard February 23 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 23 ) 0.72","Wil , Amberle , and Eretria arrive at Safehold , which turns out to be the ruins of San Francisco and Oakland ( the name Safehold coming off the highway sign missing some letters ) .","Eretria discovers that the tattoo on her back is a magical map to the location of the Bloodfire and leads the group there .","They are confronted by the Guardians of the Bloodfire who attempt to turn the group against each other .","Ander sends Commander Tilton to make an alliance with the Gnomes against the Demons .","The Dagda Mor continues to control Bandon 's mind , forcing him to attack Ander , Catania , and finally Allanon , who subdues him .","Elven Councilor Kael Pindanon , thinking Ander too weak to lead , attempts to seize the throne for herself and has Ander imprisoned .","Commander Tilton and Slanter return to Arborlon with a Gnome army and free Ander , and the Council accepts Ander as king after he announces the alliance with the Gnomes .","Overcoming the Guardians ' mental assaults , Eretria discovers her blood is the key to unlocking the Bloodfire and impales her hand on a magical spike , causing the Bloodfire to ignite .","Wil destroys the Guardians with the Elfstones , and Amberle immerses herself in the Bloodfire .","When it vanishes , Amberle is nowhere to be seen , and Eretria is unconscious .","The last leaf falls from the Ellcrys , and the Elves and Gnomes prepare for war as the Dagda Mor 's Demon army marches on Arborlon .","10 10 `` Ellcrys '' Brad Turner April Blair & Evan Endicott & Josh Stoddard March 1 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 01 ) 0.85","Wil revives Eretria with the Elfstones .","Within the magic of the Bloodfire , Amberle learns the nature of her quest from the spirit of the Ellcrys before returning to join Wil and Eretria .","While leaving Safehold , the group is pursued by Trolls , and Eretria stays behind to give the others time to escape .","After returning to Arborlon , Wil and Amberle profess their love for each other .","Bandon escapes from prison with Catania 's help .","The Demon army attacks Arborlon , and the Elves and Gnomes fight to defend the Ellcrys .","In the battle , Ander and Commander Tilton encounter Arion , now resurrected as a Demon .","Arion kills Commander Tilton before being killed himself by Ander .","Allanon and Slanter rescue Wil and Amberle from a group of Demons and escort them to the Ellcrys .","The Dagda Mor blocks their way , and Allanon battles the evil Druid .","Amberle tells Wil that she is the seed and must sacrifice herself to become the new Ellcrys .","The Dagda Mor knocks Allanon aside and tries to kill Wil and Amberle .","Wil holds off the Demon leader with the Elfstones and Allanon beheads him .","Amberle successfully becomes the new Ellcrys , and the Forbidding is renewed , banishing the Demons .","Allanon admits to a heartbroken Wil that he knew what Amberle had to do from the beginning and reminds him that all magic comes with a price .","Wil rides off to Safehold to rescue Eretria .","Bandon is briefly seen carrying the Dagda Mor 's evil blade , his eyes turned completely black .","Eretria is captured by Trolls and recognizes one of her captors ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7383521651062366805","input":"when was the last time the patriots missed the playoffs","passages":[{"title":"2008 New England Patriots season","text":"With the ball to begin the second half as the result of their opening coin toss deferral , the Patriots extended their lead to 38 -- 0 on the first play , a screen pass to Moss that went for a 76 - yard touchdown . The Cardinals again went three - and - out , and a 28 - yard reception by Evans put the Patriots in Cardinals territory on one play . Nine plays later , on a 3rd - and - 5 from the Cardinals ' 5 - yard line , Cassel was sacked by linebacker Karlos Dansby , setting up a 35 - yard Gostkowski field goal that increased the Patriots ' lead to 41 -- 0 . Yet another Cardinals three - and - out meant the Patriots began their next drive from the Cardinals ' 49 - yard line . An 11 - play , 44 - yard drive followed , and ended in a 24 - yard Gostkowski field goal that put the Patriots ' lead at 44 -- 0 . The field goal was Gostkowski 's 33rd of the season , breaking Tony Franklin 's record of 32 field goals in 1986 . On their ensuing possession , the Cardinals converted a first down , but quarterback Matt Leinart , playing in place of Warner , was sacked for a loss of four yards , fumbling ; the Cardinals recovered at their own 27 - yard line . Two plays later , Leinart was strip - sacked by a blitzing Meriweather for a loss of 12 yards , but this time defensive lineman Jarvis Green recovered the ball for the Patriots at the Cardinals ' 15 - yard line . The Patriots would be unable to score , forcing Gostkowski to kick a 30 - yard field goal on the second play of the fourth quarter , giving the Patriots a 47 -- 0 lead .","sentences":["With the ball to begin the second half as the result of their opening coin toss deferral , the Patriots extended their lead to 38 -- 0 on the first play , a screen pass to Moss that went for a 76 - yard touchdown .","The Cardinals again went three - and - out , and a 28 - yard reception by Evans put the Patriots in Cardinals territory on one play .","Nine plays later , on a 3rd - and - 5 from the Cardinals ' 5 - yard line , Cassel was sacked by linebacker Karlos Dansby , setting up a 35 - yard Gostkowski field goal that increased the Patriots ' lead to 41 -- 0 .","Yet another Cardinals three - and - out meant the Patriots began their next drive from the Cardinals ' 49 - yard line .","An 11 - play , 44 - yard drive followed , and ended in a 24 - yard Gostkowski field goal that put the Patriots ' lead at 44 -- 0 .","The field goal was Gostkowski 's 33rd of the season , breaking Tony Franklin 's record of 32 field goals in 1986 .","On their ensuing possession , the Cardinals converted a first down , but quarterback Matt Leinart , playing in place of Warner , was sacked for a loss of four yards , fumbling ; the Cardinals recovered at their own 27 - yard line .","Two plays later , Leinart was strip - sacked by a blitzing Meriweather for a loss of 12 yards , but this time defensive lineman Jarvis Green recovered the ball for the Patriots at the Cardinals ' 15 - yard line .","The Patriots would be unable to score , forcing Gostkowski to kick a 30 - yard field goal on the second play of the fourth quarter , giving the Patriots a 47 -- 0 lead ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2468253957036790481","input":"what is the main advantage of carbon-11 compared to fluorine-18 for pet imaging studies","passages":[{"title":"Positron emission tomography","text":"PET scan of the human brain Neurology : PET neuroimaging is based on an assumption that areas of high radioactivity are associated with brain activity . What is actually measured indirectly is the flow of blood to different parts of the brain , which is , in general , believed to be correlated , and has been measured using the tracer oxygen - 15 . Because of its 2 - minute half - life , O - 15 must be piped directly from a medical cyclotron for such uses , which is difficult . In practice , since the brain is normally a rapid user of glucose , and since brain pathologies such as Alzheimer 's disease greatly decrease brain metabolism of both glucose and oxygen in tandem , standard FDG - PET of the brain , which measures regional glucose use , may also be successfully used to differentiate Alzheimer 's disease from other dementing processes , and also to make early diagnoses of Alzheimer 's disease . The advantage of FDG - PET for these uses is its much wider availability . PET imaging with FDG can also be used for localization of seizure focus : A seizure focus will appear as hypometabolic during an interictal scan . Several radiotracers ( i.e. radioligands ) have been developed for PET that are ligands for specific neuroreceptor subtypes such as ( C ) raclopride , ( F ) fallypride and ( F ) desmethoxyfallypride for dopamine D2 \/ D3 receptors , ( C ) McN 5652 and ( C ) DASB for serotonin transporters , ( F ) Mefway for serotonin 5HT1A receptors , ( F ) Nifene for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors or enzyme substrates ( e.g. 6 - FDOPA for the AADC enzyme ) . These agents permit the visualization of neuroreceptor pools in the context of a plurality of neuropsychiatric and neurologic illnesses .","sentences":["PET scan of the human brain Neurology :","PET neuroimaging is based on an assumption that areas of high radioactivity are associated with brain activity .","What is actually measured indirectly is the flow of blood to different parts of the brain , which is , in general , believed to be correlated , and has been measured using the tracer oxygen - 15 .","Because of its 2 - minute half - life , O - 15 must be piped directly from a medical cyclotron for such uses , which is difficult .","In practice , since the brain is normally a rapid user of glucose , and since brain pathologies such as Alzheimer 's disease greatly decrease brain metabolism of both glucose and oxygen in tandem , standard FDG - PET of the brain , which measures regional glucose use , may also be successfully used to differentiate Alzheimer 's disease from other dementing processes , and also to make early diagnoses of Alzheimer 's disease .","The advantage of FDG - PET for these uses is its much wider availability .","PET imaging with FDG can also be used for localization of seizure focus : A seizure focus will appear as hypometabolic during an interictal scan .","Several radiotracers ( i.e. radioligands ) have been developed for PET that are ligands for specific neuroreceptor subtypes such as ( C ) raclopride , ( F ) fallypride and ( F ) desmethoxyfallypride for dopamine D2 \/ D3 receptors , ( C ) McN 5652 and ( C ) DASB for serotonin transporters , ( F ) Mefway for serotonin 5HT1A receptors , ( F ) Nifene for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors or enzyme substrates ( e.g. 6 - FDOPA for the AADC enzyme ) .","These agents permit the visualization of neuroreceptor pools in the context of a plurality of neuropsychiatric and neurologic illnesses ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6117965572664570417","input":"what kind of task are operated by internet explorer","passages":[{"title":"Internet Explorer","text":"Internet Explorer does not include any native scripting functionality . Rather , MSHTML. dll exposes an API that permits a programmer to develop a scripting environment to be plugged - in and to access the DOM tree . Internet Explorer 8 includes the bindings for the Active Scripting engine , which is a part of Microsoft Windows and allows any language implemented as an Active Scripting module to be used for client - side scripting . By default , only the JScript and VBScript modules are provided ; third party implementations like ScreamingMonkey ( for ECMAScript 4 support ) can also be used . Microsoft also makes available the Microsoft Silverlight runtime ( not supported in Windows RT ) that allows CLI languages , including DLR - based dynamic languages like IronPython and IronRuby , to be used for client - side scripting .","sentences":["Internet Explorer does not include any native scripting functionality .","Rather , MSHTML.","dll exposes an API that permits a programmer to develop a scripting environment to be plugged - in and to access the DOM tree .","Internet Explorer 8 includes the bindings for the Active Scripting engine , which is a part of Microsoft Windows and allows any language implemented as an Active Scripting module to be used for client - side scripting .","By default , only the JScript and VBScript modules are provided ; third party implementations like ScreamingMonkey ( for ECMAScript 4 support ) can also be used .","Microsoft also makes available the Microsoft Silverlight runtime ( not supported in Windows RT ) that allows CLI languages , including DLR - based dynamic languages like IronPython and IronRuby , to be used for client - side scripting ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3138406077450000022","input":"what age is aria in pretty little liars","passages":[{"title":"Aria Montgomery","text":"In Season 6 , Aria escapes A 's dollhouse with the other liars , but is emotionally scarred from being tortured by Charles in the dollhouse . When she returns from the hospital , she finds out Andrew is suspected of kidnapping the girls , leading Aria to lie to the police by telling them that she saw Andrew 's face in the dollhouse . After Andrew is found out not to be ' A ' , Aria must respond to the lies she told to the police , and deal with an extremely angry Andrew . Aria soon has flashbacks of herself in the dollhouse , one being when A forced her to cut and dye her hair . She finds the color applicator in the Hollis College 's darkroom , which leads her to befriending a fellow photographer , Clark , and they soon become quick friends . Clark and Aria exchange photographs , and Aria reveals the pictures of the dolls in her bedroom . Once Aria leaves , she goes home to examine her photographs further , until she is interrupted by Byron . Finally , Aria opens up to her father about her experiences in the dollhouse and she finishes her story in tears . After overcoming many obstacles , `` A '' is revealed to be CeCe Drake and Aria leaves Rosewood to go to school in Savannah .","sentences":["In Season 6 , Aria escapes A 's dollhouse with the other liars , but is emotionally scarred from being tortured by Charles in the dollhouse .","When she returns from the hospital , she finds out Andrew is suspected of kidnapping the girls , leading Aria to lie to the police by telling them that she saw Andrew 's face in the dollhouse .","After Andrew is found out not to be ' A ' , Aria must respond to the lies she told to the police , and deal with an extremely angry Andrew .","Aria soon has flashbacks of herself in the dollhouse , one being when A forced her to cut and dye her hair .","She finds the color applicator in the Hollis College 's darkroom , which leads her to befriending a fellow photographer , Clark , and they soon become quick friends .","Clark and Aria exchange photographs , and Aria reveals the pictures of the dolls in her bedroom .","Once Aria leaves , she goes home to examine her photographs further , until she is interrupted by Byron .","Finally , Aria opens up to her father about her experiences in the dollhouse and she finishes her story in tears .","After overcoming many obstacles , `` A '' is revealed to be CeCe Drake and Aria leaves Rosewood to go to school in Savannah ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9129141260051588188","input":"where did the industrial revolution begin in the mid-1700s","passages":[{"title":"Industrial Revolution","text":"Germany 's political disunity -- with three dozen states -- and a pervasive conservatism made it difficult to build railways in the 1830s . However , by the 1840s , trunk lines linked the major cities ; each German state was responsible for the lines within its own borders . Lacking a technological base at first , the Germans imported their engineering and hardware from Britain , but quickly learned the skills needed to operate and expand the railways . In many cities , the new railway shops were the centres of technological awareness and training , so that by 1850 , Germany was self - sufficient in meeting the demands of railroad construction , and the railways were a major impetus for the growth of the new steel industry . Observers found that even as late as 1890 , their engineering was inferior to Britain 's . However , German unification in 1870 stimulated consolidation , nationalisation into state - owned companies , and further rapid growth . Unlike the situation in France , the goal was support of industrialisation , and so heavy lines crisscrossed the Ruhr and other industrial districts , and provided good connections to the major ports of Hamburg and Bremen . By 1880 , Germany had 9,400 locomotives pulling 43,000 passengers and 30,000 tons of freight , and pulled ahead of France Sweden","sentences":["Germany 's political disunity -- with three dozen states -- and a pervasive conservatism made it difficult to build railways in the 1830s .","However , by the 1840s , trunk lines linked the major cities ; each German state was responsible for the lines within its own borders .","Lacking a technological base at first , the Germans imported their engineering and hardware from Britain , but quickly learned the skills needed to operate and expand the railways .","In many cities , the new railway shops were the centres of technological awareness and training , so that by 1850 , Germany was self - sufficient in meeting the demands of railroad construction , and the railways were a major impetus for the growth of the new steel industry .","Observers found that even as late as 1890 , their engineering was inferior to Britain 's .","However , German unification in 1870 stimulated consolidation , nationalisation into state - owned companies , and further rapid growth .","Unlike the situation in France , the goal was support of industrialisation , and so heavy lines crisscrossed the Ruhr and other industrial districts , and provided good connections to the major ports of Hamburg and Bremen .","By 1880 , Germany had 9,400 locomotives pulling 43,000 passengers and 30,000 tons of freight , and pulled ahead of France Sweden"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7038221309414416057","input":"who has a tape in 13 reasons why","passages":[{"title":"13 Reasons Why","text":"During Clay 's testimony , he is forced to reveal he and Hannah did drugs at a small party one night and spent the night together , and Clay ignored a comment Hannah made the next morning about wanting to die . Alex 's birthday party is derailed after a number of arguments break out . When Clay leaves the birthday party , he finds a Polaroid photograph left on his car , with a note reading `` The Clubhouse '' . After reading comments posted online about his testimony , Clay anonymously uploads Hannah 's tapes to the Internet . Meanwhile , Bryce is seen having sex with Chl\u00f6e without getting proper consent . Testified : Clay Jensen , who talks about his friendship with Hannah .","sentences":["During Clay 's testimony , he is forced to reveal he and Hannah did drugs at a small party one night and spent the night together , and Clay ignored a comment Hannah made the next morning about wanting to die .","Alex 's birthday party is derailed after a number of arguments break out .","When Clay leaves the birthday party , he finds a Polaroid photograph left on his car , with a note reading `` The Clubhouse '' .","After reading comments posted online about his testimony , Clay anonymously uploads Hannah 's tapes to the Internet .","Meanwhile , Bryce is seen having sex with Chl\u00f6e without getting proper consent .","Testified :","Clay Jensen , who talks about his friendship with Hannah ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2674960591934465760","input":"when was the last time the new orleans saints was in the playoffs","passages":[{"title":"Playoff history of the New Orleans Saints","text":"After an exchange of punts , Seattle got the ball with 4 : 20 left in the game . On the first play of the drive , Lynch was stuffed for no gain . But on the next play , he took off for a 67 - yard touchdown run in which he broke seven tackles en route to the end zone . the crowd in Seattle was so loud during the run that local seismographs recorded it as a small earthquake . With 1 : 52 left , Brees struck back with a 6 - yard touchdown pass to Henderson , but the 2 - point conversion failed , keeping the score at 41 -- 36 . Then Carlson sealed the victory by recovering Hartley 's onside kick attempt , enabling Seattle to run out the clock .","sentences":["After an exchange of punts , Seattle got the ball with 4 : 20 left in the game .","On the first play of the drive , Lynch was stuffed for no gain .","But on the next play , he took off for a 67 - yard touchdown run in which he broke seven tackles en route to the end zone .","the crowd in Seattle was so loud during the run that local seismographs recorded it as a small earthquake .","With 1 : 52 left , Brees struck back with a 6 - yard touchdown pass to Henderson , but the 2 - point conversion failed , keeping the score at 41 -- 36 .","Then Carlson sealed the victory by recovering Hartley 's onside kick attempt , enabling Seattle to run out the clock ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4250505973812058050","input":"where is going to be the next world cup soccer","passages":[{"title":"2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids","text":"Some concerns with Qatar 's bid deal with the extreme temperatures . The World Cup is always held in the European off - season in June and July and during this period the average daytime high in most of Qatar is in excess of 40 \u00b0 C ( 104 \u00b0 F ) , with the average daily low temperatures not dropping below 30 \u00b0 C ( 86 \u00b0 F ) . Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad bin Khalifa al - Thani , the 2022 Qatar bid chairman , responded saying `` the event has to be organised in June or July . We will have to take the help of technology to counter the harsh weather . We have already set in motion the process . A stadium with controlled temperature is the answer to the problem . We have other plans up our sleeves as well . '' The first five proposed stadiums are planned to employ cooling technology capable of reducing temperatures within the stadium by up to 20 degrees Celsius . Additionally , the upper tiers of the stadiums will be dis - assembled after the World Cup and donated to countries with less developed sports infrastructure .","sentences":["Some concerns with Qatar 's bid deal with the extreme temperatures .","The World Cup is always held in the European off - season in June and July and during this period the average daytime high in most of Qatar is in excess of 40 \u00b0 C ( 104 \u00b0 F ) , with the average daily low temperatures not dropping below 30 \u00b0","C","( 86 \u00b0 F ) .","Sheikh Mohammed bin Hamad bin Khalifa al - Thani , the 2022 Qatar bid chairman , responded saying `` the event has to be organised in June or July .","We will have to take the help of technology to counter the harsh weather .","We have already set in motion the process .","A stadium with controlled temperature is the answer to the problem .","We have other plans up our sleeves as well . ''","The first five proposed stadiums are planned to employ cooling technology capable of reducing temperatures within the stadium by up to 20 degrees Celsius .","Additionally , the upper tiers of the stadiums will be dis - assembled after the World Cup and donated to countries with less developed sports infrastructure ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7219494703532332883","input":"what is the little boy's name in the walking dead","passages":[{"title":"List of The Walking Dead (TV series) characters","text":"Noah , portrayed by Tyler James Williams is a young male patient at the hospital , who often works as a janitor . He tells Beth that both he and his father were discovered by the group while the two of them were being surround by walkers , and their rescuers said that they could only save one of them . For this reason alone , Noah displays strong distaste for the officers almost immediately , saying that with their weapons and manpower , they likely could have saved his father as well . When Beth accidentally kills Dr. Gavin Trevitt by giving him the wrong medication , Noah takes the blame by saying that while he was cleaning , he knocked over a ventilation system and caused Trevitt to flatline . For this , Officers Dawn Lerner and Gorman take him out into the hall and beat him . Beth later apologizes , only for Noah to insist that he 's fine and has been through worse . Nevertheless , Beth decides to form a plan for her and Noah to escape . They use the elevator shaft , which has served as a body disposal chute , and with a long chord of sheets tied together , they both make it down , although Noah loses his grip and falls , spraining one ankle . They both manage to make it outside , where Beth fends off several walkers with a handgun . Although Beth is stopped and restrained by the officers , Noah manages to make it to the outer gate and slips through , running off after he and Beth exchange a final glance . Noah later encounters Daryl Dixon and Carol Peletier and learns of their connection to Beth , but Carol is caught and Daryl takes Noah back to the church to take the rest of the group back to Atlanta to get Beth and Carol back . However , Beth is killed by Dawn and Rick allows Noah to stay with the group . In `` Spend , '' Noah is killed by walkers during a botched mission to scavenge parts to repair Alexandria 's solar power system .","sentences":["Noah , portrayed by Tyler James Williams is a young male patient at the hospital , who often works as a janitor .","He tells Beth that both he and his father were discovered by the group while the two of them were being surround by walkers , and their rescuers said that they could only save one of them .","For this reason alone , Noah displays strong distaste for the officers almost immediately , saying that with their weapons and manpower , they likely could have saved his father as well .","When Beth accidentally kills Dr. Gavin Trevitt by giving him the wrong medication , Noah takes the blame by saying that while he was cleaning , he knocked over a ventilation system and caused Trevitt to flatline .","For this , Officers Dawn Lerner and Gorman take him out into the hall and beat him .","Beth later apologizes , only for Noah to insist that he 's fine and has been through worse .","Nevertheless , Beth decides to form a plan for her and Noah to escape .","They use the elevator shaft , which has served as a body disposal chute , and with a long chord of sheets tied together , they both make it down , although Noah loses his grip and falls , spraining one ankle .","They both manage to make it outside , where Beth fends off several walkers with a handgun .","Although Beth is stopped and restrained by the officers , Noah manages to make it to the outer gate and slips through , running off after he and Beth exchange a final glance .","Noah later encounters Daryl Dixon and Carol Peletier and learns of their connection to Beth , but Carol is caught and Daryl takes Noah back to the church to take the rest of the group back to Atlanta to get Beth and Carol back .","However , Beth is killed by Dawn and Rick allows Noah to stay with the group .","In `` Spend , '' Noah is killed by walkers during a botched mission to scavenge parts to repair Alexandria 's solar power system ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"49016373342272605","input":"who controlled the majority of the korean peninsula in september of 1950","passages":[{"title":"Korean War","text":"North Korean Offensive Pokpoong Chuncheon 1st Seoul Gorangpo Kaesong - Munsan Korea Strait Ongjin Uijeongbu Suwon Airfield Air Campaign Andong Chumonchin Chan Osan Pyongtaek Chonan Chochiwon Taejon Sangju Yongdong Hwanggan Hadong Notch Pusan Perimeter Masan P'ohang - Dong Taegu 1st Naktong Bulge Bowling Alley Battle Mountain Kyongju Haman Nam River Ka - San Tabu - Dong Yongsan 2nd Naktong Bulge UN Command Counteroffensive Haeju Inchon 2nd Seoul Hill 282 12 October 1950 Sariwon Pyongyang Yongju Kujin Chongju Chinese Intervention Onjong Unsan Pakchon Ch'ongch'on River Wawon Chosin Reservoir Task Force Faith 3rd Seoul Uijeongbu Chaegunghyon 1st and 2nd Wonju Thunderbolt Twin Tunnels Hoengsong Chipyong - Ni 3rd Wonju Chuam - Ni Wonsan Killer Ripper ( 4th Battle of Seoul ) Maehwa - San Courageous Tomahawk Rugged Dauntless Spring Offensive Imjin River Yultong Kapyong Soyang River Air operations MiG Alley Sunchon Strangle Sui - ho Dam Stalemate Bloody Ridge Minden Punchbowl Heartbreak Ridge Han River Commando 1st Maryang San Haktang - ni Polecharge 2nd Maryang San Sunchon Hill Eerie Sui - Ho Dam Old Baldy Blaze White Horse Triangle Hill 1st Hook 2nd Hook Chatkol Outpost Vegas Pork Chop Hill 3rd Hook Outpost Harry Kumsong Samichon River Korean Armistice Agreement Panmunjom Declaration","sentences":["North Korean Offensive Pokpoong Chuncheon 1st","Seoul Gorangpo Kaesong - Munsan Korea Strait Ongjin Uijeongbu Suwon Airfield Air Campaign Andong Chumonchin Chan Osan Pyongtaek Chonan Chochiwon Taejon Sangju Yongdong Hwanggan Hadong Notch Pusan Perimeter Masan P'ohang - Dong Taegu 1st","Naktong Bulge Bowling Alley Battle Mountain Kyongju Haman Nam River Ka - San Tabu - Dong Yongsan 2nd Naktong Bulge UN Command Counteroffensive Haeju Inchon 2nd Seoul Hill 282 12 October 1950 Sariwon Pyongyang Yongju Kujin Chongju Chinese Intervention Onjong Unsan Pakchon Ch'ongch'on River Wawon Chosin Reservoir Task Force Faith 3rd Seoul Uijeongbu","Chaegunghyon 1st and 2nd Wonju Thunderbolt Twin Tunnels Hoengsong Chipyong -","Ni 3rd Wonju Chuam - Ni Wonsan Killer Ripper ( 4th Battle of Seoul ) Maehwa - San Courageous Tomahawk Rugged Dauntless Spring Offensive Imjin River Yultong Kapyong Soyang River Air operations MiG Alley Sunchon Strangle Sui - ho Dam Stalemate Bloody Ridge Minden Punchbowl Heartbreak Ridge Han River Commando 1st","Maryang San Haktang - ni Polecharge 2nd","Maryang San Sunchon Hill Eerie Sui - Ho Dam Old Baldy Blaze White Horse Triangle Hill 1st","Hook 2nd","Hook Chatkol Outpost Vegas Pork Chop Hill 3rd Hook Outpost Harry Kumsong Samichon River Korean Armistice Agreement Panmunjom Declaration"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-916779827337808815","input":"what are the names of the arch angels","passages":[{"title":"Seven Archangels","text":"Jump up ^ A Dictionary of Angels , Including the Fallen Angels by Gustav Davidson , 1980 , Free Press Publishing Jump up ^ Julia M.H. Smith , Europe After Rome : A New Cultural History 500 - 1000 . Oxford : Oxford University Press , 2005 . Page 77 Jump up ^ Tobit 12 : 15 Jump up ^ http:\/\/oca.org\/saints\/lives\/2013\/11\/08\/103244-synaxis-of-the-archangel-michael-and-the-other-bodiless-powers Jump up ^ James F. Driscoll , `` St. Raphael '' in The Catholic Encyclopedia ( New York 1911 ) Jump up ^ Tasbeha.org Doxology of the Heavenly Orders Jump up ^ Oremus.org website . Retrieved September 15 , 2008 . Jump up ^ Saint Uriel Church website patron Saint web page . Retrieved September 15 , 2008 . Jump up ^ Lesser Feasts and Fasts , p. 380 . Jump up ^ Anglican.org website Michaelmas page . Retrieved September 15 , 2008 . Jump up ^ St. George 's Lennoxville website , What Are Anglicans , Anyway ? page . Retrieved September 15 , 2008 . Jump up ^ Christ Church Eureka website , September Feasts page . Retrieved September 15 , 2008 . Jump up ^ Morals and Dogma ( of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry ) by Albert Pike ( 1871 , 1948 , L.H. Jenkins ) Jump up ^ The encyclopedia of angels , p. 45 , by Rosemary Guiley , Infobase Publishing , 2004 . Retrieved","sentences":["Jump up ^","A Dictionary of Angels , Including the Fallen Angels by Gustav Davidson , 1980 , Free Press Publishing Jump up ^","Julia M.H. Smith , Europe After Rome : A New Cultural History 500 - 1000 .","Oxford :","Oxford University Press , 2005 .","Page 77 Jump up ^","Tobit 12 : 15 Jump up ^","http:\/\/oca.org\/saints\/lives\/2013\/11\/08\/103244-synaxis-of-the-archangel-michael-and-the-other-bodiless-powers Jump up ^","James F. Driscoll , `` St. Raphael '' in The Catholic Encyclopedia ( New York 1911 )","Jump up ^ Tasbeha.org Doxology of the Heavenly Orders Jump up ^ Oremus.org website .","Retrieved September 15 , 2008 .","Jump up ^","Saint Uriel Church website patron Saint web page .","Retrieved September 15 , 2008 .","Jump up ^ Lesser Feasts and Fasts , p. 380 .","Jump up ^ Anglican.org website Michaelmas page .","Retrieved September 15 , 2008 .","Jump up ^","St. George 's Lennoxville website , What Are Anglicans , Anyway ? page .","Retrieved September 15 , 2008 .","Jump up ^","Christ Church Eureka website , September Feasts page .","Retrieved September 15 , 2008 .","Jump up ^","Morals and Dogma ( of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry ) by Albert Pike ( 1871 , 1948 , L.H. Jenkins ) Jump up ^","The encyclopedia of angels , p. 45 , by Rosemary Guiley , Infobase Publishing , 2004 .","Retrieved"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1354547387268997798","input":"who among the following becomes a member of the din i ilahi","passages":[{"title":"Akbar","text":"Akbar 's first wife and chief consort was his cousin , Princess Ruqaiya Sultan Begum , the only daughter of his paternal uncle , Prince Hindal Mirza , and his wife Sultanam Begum . In 1551 , Hindal Mirza died fighting valorously in a battle against Kamran Mirza 's forces . Upon hearing the news of his brother 's death , Humayun was overwhelmed with grief . Out of affection to the memory of his brother , Humayun betrothed Hindal 's nine - year - old daughter Ruqaiya to his son Akbar . Their betrothal took place in Kabul , shortly after Akbar 's first appointment as a viceroy in the province of Ghazni . Humayun conferred on the imperial couple , all the wealth , army , and adherents of Hindal and Ghazni which one of Hindal 's jagir was given to his nephew , Akbar , who was appointed as its viceroy and was also given the command of his uncle 's army . Akbar 's marriage with Ruqaiya was solemnized near Jalandhar , Punjab , when both of them were 14 - years - old . Childless herself , she adopted Akbar 's favorite grandson , Prince Khurram ( the future emperor Shah Jahan ) . She died on 19 January 1626 .","sentences":["Akbar 's first wife and chief consort was his cousin , Princess Ruqaiya Sultan Begum , the only daughter of his paternal uncle , Prince Hindal Mirza , and his wife Sultanam Begum .","In 1551 , Hindal Mirza died fighting valorously in a battle against Kamran Mirza 's forces .","Upon hearing the news of his brother 's death , Humayun was overwhelmed with grief .","Out of affection to the memory of his brother , Humayun betrothed Hindal 's nine - year - old daughter Ruqaiya to his son Akbar .","Their betrothal took place in Kabul , shortly after Akbar 's first appointment as a viceroy in the province of Ghazni .","Humayun conferred on the imperial couple , all the wealth , army , and adherents of Hindal and Ghazni which one of Hindal 's jagir was given to his nephew , Akbar , who was appointed as its viceroy and was also given the command of his uncle 's army .","Akbar 's marriage with Ruqaiya was solemnized near Jalandhar , Punjab , when both of them were 14 - years - old .","Childless herself , she adopted Akbar 's favorite grandson , Prince Khurram ( the future emperor Shah Jahan ) .","She died on 19 January 1626 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8414560455394706494","input":"who established the colony of pennsylvania and how were they different from other settlers","passages":[{"title":"History of Pennsylvania","text":"Shortly after the end of the French and Indian War , Indians attempted to drive the British out of Ohio country in Pontiac 's Rebellion . The war , which began in 1763 , saw heavy fighting in western Pennsylvania . The native forces were defeated in the Battle of Bushy Run . The war lasted until 1766 , when the British made peace . During the war , the king issued the Proclamation Act . The act barred Americans from any settling west of the Appalachians , and reserved that territory for the Native Americans . Fighting between Native Americans and Americans in present - day Pennsylvania continued in Lord Dunmore 's War and the Revolutionary War . Native American tribes ceased to pose a military threat to European settlers in Pennsylvania after the conclusion of the Northwest Indian War in 1795 .","sentences":["Shortly after the end of the French and Indian War , Indians attempted to drive the British out of Ohio country in Pontiac 's Rebellion .","The war , which began in 1763 , saw heavy fighting in western Pennsylvania .","The native forces were defeated in the Battle of Bushy Run .","The war lasted until 1766 , when the British made peace .","During the war , the king issued the Proclamation Act .","The act barred Americans from any settling west of the Appalachians , and reserved that territory for the Native Americans .","Fighting between Native Americans and Americans in present - day Pennsylvania continued in Lord Dunmore 's War and the Revolutionary War .","Native American tribes ceased to pose a military threat to European settlers in Pennsylvania after the conclusion of the Northwest Indian War in 1795 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1067251314006064368","input":"where are hot dry climates found in the united states","passages":[{"title":"Climate of the United States","text":"In winter , the Pacific Northwest ( especially coastal districts and other areas west , i.e. on the prevailing windward side , of the Olympic and Cascade mountain ranges ) , experiences a mostly overcast , wet and cool climate , but without severe cold like that found in the interior northern U.S. ( i.e. Minnesota \/ North Dakota ) . At lower elevations , winter precipitation falls mostly as rain . However , snow does occur even at the lowest elevations , primarily when Pacific moisture interacts with cold air intruding into the Pacific Northwest from western Canada ( i.e. Alberta and interior British Columbia ) . In Seattle , WA and Portland , OR , winter - season snowfall varies greatly from one winter season to the next ; in Seattle , the average winter - season snowfall is about 7 inches . In January 1950 ( also the coldest January and winter month in Seattle history ) , Seattle received an unprecedented monthly snowfall of over 57 inches . Summers in the Pacific Northwest are generally cool , especially along the coastline . The Great Basin and Columbia Plateau ( the Intermontane Plateaus ) are arid or semiarid regions , with high summer temperatures in the 90s to occasionally over 100 at lower elevations ( e.g. at Boise , ID ) , with annual precipitation averaging less than 15 inches ( 380 mm ) as a result of the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada and Cascades. ( citation needed ) . Both coastal and interior areas of Oregon and Washington , and southern Idaho , have a wet - winter , dry - summer precipitation pattern , but traveling eastward into Montana and Wyoming , this transitions progressively toward relatively drier winters and a May and eventually June precipitation maximum , the latter characteristic of the Northern Plains and much of the upper Midwest ( i.e. both Dakotas , Nebraska , Iowa and Minnesota ) .","sentences":["In winter , the Pacific Northwest ( especially coastal districts and other areas west , i.e. on the prevailing windward side , of the Olympic and Cascade mountain ranges ) , experiences a mostly overcast , wet and cool climate , but without severe cold like that found in the interior northern U.S. ( i.e. Minnesota \/ North Dakota ) .","At lower elevations , winter precipitation falls mostly as rain .","However , snow does occur even at the lowest elevations , primarily when Pacific moisture interacts with cold air intruding into the Pacific Northwest from western Canada ( i.e. Alberta and interior British Columbia ) .","In Seattle , WA and Portland , OR , winter - season snowfall varies greatly from one winter season to the next ; in Seattle , the average winter - season snowfall is about 7 inches .","In January 1950 ( also the coldest January and winter month in Seattle history ) , Seattle received an unprecedented monthly snowfall of over 57 inches .","Summers in the Pacific Northwest are generally cool , especially along the coastline .","The Great Basin and Columbia Plateau ( the Intermontane Plateaus ) are arid or semiarid regions , with high summer temperatures in the 90s to occasionally over 100 at lower elevations ( e.g. at Boise , ID ) , with annual precipitation averaging less than 15 inches ( 380 mm ) as a result of the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada and Cascades.","( citation needed ) .","Both coastal and interior areas of Oregon and Washington , and southern Idaho , have a wet - winter , dry - summer precipitation pattern , but traveling eastward into Montana and Wyoming , this transitions progressively toward relatively drier winters and a May and eventually June precipitation maximum , the latter characteristic of the Northern Plains and much of the upper Midwest ( i.e. both Dakotas , Nebraska , Iowa and Minnesota ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5812652389667803851","input":"what was yogi bear's given first name","passages":[{"title":"Yogi Bear","text":"The Yogi Bear Show ( 1961 ) Yogi Bear & Friends , a syndicated animated series that aired between 1967 and 1968 Yogi 's Gang ( 1973 ) The New Scooby - Doo Movies , guest cameo on the giant balloon in The Caped Crusader Caper Laff - A-Lympics , where he captained the Yogi Yahooeys team from 1977 to 1979 on ABC Yogi 's Space Race ( 1978 -- 1979 ) , this show had Yogi Bear paired up with Scare Bear opposite of Huckleberry Hound being paired up with Quack - Up the Duck . Galaxy Goof - Ups ( 1978 -- 1979 ) , this show had Yogi Bear , Huckleberry Hound , Scare Bear , and Quack - Up working as bumbling intergalactic police officers . Yogi 's Treasure Hunt ( 1985 -- 1986 ) The New Yogi Bear Show ( 1988 ) , a 30 - minute weekday animated series which aired in first - run syndication Wake , Rattle , and Roll ( 1990 -- 1991 ) , he and Boo - Boo appear in the Fender Bender 500 segment . Yo Yogi ! ( 1991 ) A Pup Named Scooby - Doo , guest cameo in The Story Stick The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy ( 2001 - 2007 ) , Yogi and Boo Boo have a guest appearance in Season 3 , Episode 7 .","sentences":["The Yogi Bear Show ( 1961 ) Yogi Bear & Friends , a syndicated animated series that aired between 1967 and 1968 Yogi 's Gang ( 1973 )","The New Scooby - Doo Movies , guest cameo on the giant balloon in The Caped Crusader Caper Laff - A-Lympics , where he captained the Yogi Yahooeys team from 1977 to 1979 on ABC Yogi 's Space Race ( 1978 -- 1979 ) , this show had Yogi Bear paired up with Scare Bear opposite of Huckleberry Hound being paired up with Quack - Up the Duck .","Galaxy Goof - Ups ( 1978 -- 1979 ) , this show had Yogi Bear , Huckleberry Hound , Scare Bear , and Quack - Up working as bumbling intergalactic police officers .","Yogi 's Treasure Hunt ( 1985 -- 1986 )","The New Yogi Bear Show ( 1988 ) , a 30 - minute weekday animated series which aired in first - run syndication Wake , Rattle , and Roll ( 1990 -- 1991 ) , he and Boo - Boo appear in the Fender Bender 500 segment .","Yo Yogi !","( 1991 )","A Pup Named Scooby - Doo , guest cameo in The Story Stick The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy ( 2001 - 2007 ) , Yogi and Boo Boo have a guest appearance in Season 3 , Episode 7 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2867005122760600313","input":"who was the only president that never lived in the white house","passages":[{"title":"Grover Cleveland","text":"New York Democratic party officials began to consider Cleveland a possible nominee for governor . Daniel Manning , a party insider who admired Cleveland 's record , was instrumental in his candidacy . With a split in the state Republican party in 1882 , the Democratic party was considered to be at an advantage ; there were several contenders for that party 's nomination . The two leading Democratic candidates were Roswell P. Flower and Henry W. Slocum . Their factions deadlocked , and the convention could not agree on a nominee . Cleveland , in third place on the first ballot , picked up support in subsequent votes and emerged as the compromise choice . The Republican party remained divided against itself , and in the general election Cleveland emerged the victor , with 535,318 votes to Republican nominee Charles J. Folger 's 342,464 . Cleveland 's margin of victory was , at the time , the largest in a contested New York election ; the Democrats also picked up seats in both houses of the New York State Legislature .","sentences":["New York Democratic party officials began to consider Cleveland a possible nominee for governor .","Daniel Manning , a party insider who admired Cleveland 's record , was instrumental in his candidacy .","With a split in the state Republican party in 1882 , the Democratic party was considered to be at an advantage ; there were several contenders for that party 's nomination .","The two leading Democratic candidates were Roswell P. Flower and Henry W. Slocum .","Their factions deadlocked , and the convention could not agree on a nominee .","Cleveland , in third place on the first ballot , picked up support in subsequent votes and emerged as the compromise choice .","The Republican party remained divided against itself , and in the general election Cleveland emerged the victor , with 535,318 votes to Republican nominee Charles J. Folger 's 342,464 .","Cleveland 's margin of victory was , at the time , the largest in a contested New York election ; the Democrats also picked up seats in both houses of the New York State Legislature ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1127311318506037299","input":"where are wild boar found in the united states","passages":[{"title":"Feral pig","text":"In the early 2000s , the range of feral pigs includes all of the U.S. south of 36 \u00b0 N. The range begins in the mountains surrounding California and crosses over the mountains , continuing consistently much farther east towards the Louisiana bayous and forests , terminating in the entire Florida peninsula . In the East , the range expands northward to include most of the forested areas and swamps of the Southeast , and from there goes north along the Appalachian Mountains as far as upstate New York , with a growing presence in states bordering West Virginia and Kentucky . Texas has the largest estimated population of 2.6 million feral pigs existing in 253 of its 254 counties . Outside mainland U.S. , Hawaii also has feral pigs introduced to Oahu soon after Captain Cook 's discovery of Hawaii in 1778 , where they prey on or eat endangered birds and plants . The population of feral pigs has increased from two million pigs ranging over 20 states in 1990 , to triple that number 25 years later , ranging over 38 states with new territories expanding north into Oregon , Pennsylvania , Ohio , and New Hampshire . Some of these feral pigs have mixed with escaped Russian boar that has been introduced for hunters from the early 1990s .","sentences":["In the early 2000s , the range of feral pigs includes all of the U.S. south of 36 \u00b0 N.","The range begins in the mountains surrounding California and crosses over the mountains , continuing consistently much farther east towards the Louisiana bayous and forests , terminating in the entire Florida peninsula .","In the East , the range expands northward to include most of the forested areas and swamps of the Southeast , and from there goes north along the Appalachian Mountains as far as upstate New York , with a growing presence in states bordering West Virginia and Kentucky .","Texas has the largest estimated population of 2.6 million feral pigs existing in 253 of its 254 counties .","Outside mainland U.S. , Hawaii also has feral pigs introduced to Oahu soon after Captain Cook 's discovery of Hawaii in 1778 , where they prey on or eat endangered birds and plants .","The population of feral pigs has increased from two million pigs ranging over 20 states in 1990 , to triple that number 25 years later , ranging over 38 states with new territories expanding north into Oregon , Pennsylvania , Ohio , and New Hampshire .","Some of these feral pigs have mixed with escaped Russian boar that has been introduced for hunters from the early 1990s ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"951773904853478251","input":"why did italy fight against germany when the two countries had signed an alliance","passages":[{"title":"Triple Alliance (1882)","text":"The Triple Alliance was a secret agreement between Germany , Austria - Hungary , and Italy . It was formed on 20 May 1882 and renewed periodically until it expired in 1915 during World War I. Germany and Austria - Hungary had been closely allied since 1879 . Italy sought support against France shortly after it lost North African ambitions to the French . Each member promised mutual support in the event of an attack by any other great power . The treaty provided that Germany and Austria - Hungary were to assist Italy if it was attacked by France without provocation . In turn , Italy would assist Germany if attacked by France . In the event of a war between Austria - Hungary and Russia , Italy promised to remain neutral .","sentences":["The Triple Alliance was a secret agreement between Germany , Austria - Hungary , and Italy .","It was formed on 20 May 1882 and renewed periodically until it expired in 1915 during World War I. Germany and Austria - Hungary had been closely allied since 1879 .","Italy sought support against France shortly after it lost North African ambitions to the French .","Each member promised mutual support in the event of an attack by any other great power .","The treaty provided that Germany and Austria - Hungary were to assist Italy if it was attacked by France without provocation .","In turn , Italy would assist Germany if attacked by France .","In the event of a war between Austria - Hungary and Russia , Italy promised to remain neutral ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4009963112134322546","input":"where is clay soil found in the world","passages":[{"title":"Clay","text":"Clay is a finely - grained natural rock or soil material that combines one or more clay minerals with possible traces of quartz ( SiO ) , metal oxides ( Al O , MgO etc . ) and organic matter . Geologic clay deposits are mostly composed of phyllosilicate minerals containing variable amounts of water trapped in the mineral structure . Clays are plastic due to particle size and geometry as well as water content , and become hard , brittle and non -- plastic upon drying or firing . Depending on the soil 's content in which it is found , clay can appear in various colours from white to dull grey or brown to deep orange - red . Electron","sentences":["Clay is a finely - grained natural rock or soil material that combines one or more clay minerals with possible traces of quartz ( SiO ) , metal oxides ( Al O , MgO etc . )","and organic matter .","Geologic clay deposits are mostly composed of phyllosilicate minerals containing variable amounts of water trapped in the mineral structure .","Clays are plastic due to particle size and geometry as well as water content , and become hard , brittle and non -- plastic upon drying or firing .","Depending on the soil 's content in which it is found , clay can appear in various colours from white to dull grey or brown to deep orange - red .","Electron"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3768379647420682199","input":"how many times is the observable universe larger than the local group","passages":[{"title":"Observable universe","text":"Caution is required in describing structures on a cosmic scale because things are often different from how they appear . Gravitational lensing ( bending of light by gravitation ) can make an image appear to originate in a different direction from its real source . This is caused when foreground objects ( such as galaxies ) curve surrounding spacetime ( as predicted by general relativity ) , and deflect passing light rays . Rather usefully , strong gravitational lensing can sometimes magnify distant galaxies , making them easier to detect . Weak lensing ( gravitational shear ) by the intervening universe in general also subtly changes the observed large - scale structure . As of 2004 , measurements of this subtle shear showed considerable promise as a test of cosmological models .","sentences":["Caution is required in describing structures on a cosmic scale because things are often different from how they appear .","Gravitational lensing ( bending of light by gravitation ) can make an image appear to originate in a different direction from its real source .","This is caused when foreground objects ( such as galaxies ) curve surrounding spacetime ( as predicted by general relativity ) , and deflect passing light rays .","Rather usefully , strong gravitational lensing can sometimes magnify distant galaxies , making them easier to detect .","Weak lensing ( gravitational shear ) by the intervening universe in general also subtly changes the observed large - scale structure .","As of 2004 , measurements of this subtle shear showed considerable promise as a test of cosmological models ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1489401008193184297","input":"what is the deepest part of the st johns river","passages":[{"title":"St. Johns River","text":"The St. Johns River is under consideration as an additional water source to meet growing public water needs . In 2008 , the river 's Water Management District undertook a Water Supply Impact Study of the proposed water withdrawals and asked the National Research Council to review science aspects of the study as it progressed . This resulted in a series of four reports that assessed the impact of water withdrawal on river level and flow , reviewed potential impacts on wetland ecosystems , and presented overall perspectives on the Water Management District study . The National Research Council found that , overall , the District performed a competent job in relating predicted environmental responses , including their magnitude and general degree of uncertainty , to the proposed range of water withdrawals . However , the report noted that the District 's final report should acknowledge such critical issues as include future sea - level rises , population growth , and urban development . Although the District predicted that changes in water management would increase water levels and flows that exceed the proposed surface water withdrawals , these predictions have high uncertainties .","sentences":["The St. Johns River is under consideration as an additional water source to meet growing public water needs .","In 2008 , the river 's Water Management District undertook a Water Supply Impact Study of the proposed water withdrawals and asked the National Research Council to review science aspects of the study as it progressed .","This resulted in a series of four reports that assessed the impact of water withdrawal on river level and flow , reviewed potential impacts on wetland ecosystems , and presented overall perspectives on the Water Management District study .","The National Research Council found that , overall , the District performed a competent job in relating predicted environmental responses , including their magnitude and general degree of uncertainty , to the proposed range of water withdrawals .","However , the report noted that the District 's final report should acknowledge such critical issues as include future sea - level rises , population growth , and urban development .","Although the District predicted that changes in water management would increase water levels and flows that exceed the proposed surface water withdrawals , these predictions have high uncertainties ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5334823070731771252","input":"where was pirates of the caribbean 3 filmed","passages":[{"title":"Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End","text":"Filming resumed on August 3 , 2006 at the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah for 70 days off the California coast , as all the shooting required in the Caribbean had been conducted in 2005 . Davy Jones 's Locker was shot at Utah , and it was shot in a monochromatic way to represent its different feeling from the usual colorful environment of a pirate . The climactic battle was shot in a former air hangar at Palmdale , California , where the cast had to wear wetsuits underneath their costumes on angle - tipped ships . The water - drenched set was kept in freezing temperatures , to make sure bacteria did not come inside and infect the crew . A second unit shot at Niagara Falls . Industrial Light & Magic did 750 effects shots , while Digital Domain also took on 300 . They spent just five months finishing the special effects . The film posed numerous challenges in creating water - based effects .","sentences":["Filming resumed on August 3 , 2006 at the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah for 70 days off the California coast , as all the shooting required in the Caribbean had been conducted in 2005 .","Davy Jones 's Locker was shot at Utah , and it was shot in a monochromatic way to represent its different feeling from the usual colorful environment of a pirate .","The climactic battle was shot in a former air hangar at Palmdale , California , where the cast had to wear wetsuits underneath their costumes on angle - tipped ships .","The water - drenched set was kept in freezing temperatures , to make sure bacteria did not come inside and infect the crew .","A second unit shot at Niagara Falls .","Industrial Light & Magic did 750 effects shots , while Digital Domain also took on 300 .","They spent just five months finishing the special effects .","The film posed numerous challenges in creating water - based effects ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5676905284348994745","input":"when did the second bank of the united states close","passages":[{"title":"Second Bank of the United States","text":"Middletown , Connecticut ( 1817 ) New Orleans , Louisiana ( 1817 ) New York City ( 1817 ) Norfolk , Virginia ( 1817 ) Portsmouth , New Hampshire ( 1817 ) Providence , Rhode Island ( 1817 ) Richmond , Virginia ( 1817 ) Savannah , Georgia ( 1817 ) Washington , D.C. ( 1817 )","sentences":["Middletown , Connecticut ( 1817 )","New Orleans , Louisiana ( 1817 )","New York City ( 1817 )","Norfolk , Virginia ( 1817 )","Portsmouth , New Hampshire ( 1817 )","Providence , Rhode Island ( 1817 )","Richmond , Virginia ( 1817 )","Savannah , Georgia ( 1817 )","Washington , D.C. ( 1817 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3049901031848296894","input":"difference between carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma","passages":[{"title":"Carcinoma in situ","text":"Carcinoma in situ ( CIS ) , also known as in situ neoplasm , is a group of abnormal cells . While they are a form of neoplasm there is disagreement over whether CIS should be classified as cancer . This controversy also depends on the exact CIS in question ( i.e. cervical , skin , breast ) . Some authors do not classify them as cancer , however , recognizing that they can potentially become cancer . Others classify certain types as a non-invasive form of cancer . The term `` pre-cancer '' has also been used .","sentences":["Carcinoma in situ ( CIS ) , also known as in situ neoplasm , is a group of abnormal cells .","While they are a form of neoplasm there is disagreement over whether CIS should be classified as cancer .","This controversy also depends on the exact CIS in question ( i.e. cervical , skin , breast ) .","Some authors do not classify them as cancer , however , recognizing that they can potentially become cancer .","Others classify certain types as a non-invasive form of cancer .","The term `` pre-cancer '' has also been used ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4967195995676267538","input":"where is the cytosol located in a cell","passages":[{"title":"Cytosol","text":"The cytosol has no single function and is instead the site of multiple cell processes . Examples of these processes include signal transduction from the cell membrane to sites within the cell , such as the cell nucleus , or organelles . This compartment is also the site of many of the processes of cytokinesis , after the breakdown of the nuclear membrane in mitosis . Another major function of cytosol is to transport metabolites from their site of production to where they are used . This is relatively simple for water - soluble molecules , such as amino acids , which can diffuse rapidly through the cytosol . However , hydrophobic molecules , such as fatty acids or sterols , can be transported through the cytosol by specific binding proteins , which shuttle these molecules between cell membranes . Molecules taken into the cell by endocytosis or on their way to be secreted can also be transported through the cytosol inside vesicles , which are small spheres of lipids that are moved along the cytoskeleton by motor proteins .","sentences":["The cytosol has no single function and is instead the site of multiple cell processes .","Examples of these processes include signal transduction from the cell membrane to sites within the cell , such as the cell nucleus , or organelles .","This compartment is also the site of many of the processes of cytokinesis , after the breakdown of the nuclear membrane in mitosis .","Another major function of cytosol is to transport metabolites from their site of production to where they are used .","This is relatively simple for water - soluble molecules , such as amino acids , which can diffuse rapidly through the cytosol .","However , hydrophobic molecules , such as fatty acids or sterols , can be transported through the cytosol by specific binding proteins , which shuttle these molecules between cell membranes .","Molecules taken into the cell by endocytosis or on their way to be secreted can also be transported through the cytosol inside vesicles , which are small spheres of lipids that are moved along the cytoskeleton by motor proteins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7891732184770388914","input":"shiva is the primary deity worshiped in the hindu tradition of vaishnavism","passages":[{"title":"Vaishnavism","text":"Radha Krishna is the combination of both the feminine as well as the masculine aspects of God . Krishna is often referred as svayam bhagavan in Gaudiya Vaishnavism theology and Radha is Krishna 's supreme beloved . With Krishna , Radha is acknowledged as the Supreme Goddess , for it is said that she controls Krishna with Her love . It is believed that Krishna enchants the world , but Radha `` enchants even Him . Therefore She is the supreme goddess of all . Radha Krishna '' .","sentences":["Radha Krishna is the combination of both the feminine as well as the masculine aspects of God .","Krishna is often referred as svayam bhagavan in Gaudiya Vaishnavism theology and Radha is Krishna 's supreme beloved .","With Krishna , Radha is acknowledged as the Supreme Goddess , for it is said that she controls Krishna with Her love .","It is believed that Krishna enchants the world , but Radha `` enchants even Him .","Therefore She is the supreme goddess of all .","Radha Krishna '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5181784994332832582","input":"where was the charter of the virginia company of london written","passages":[{"title":"London Company","text":"Initially , the colonists were governed by a president and seven - member council selected by the King . Leadership problems quickly erupted . Jamestown 's first two leaders coped with varying degrees of success with sickness , assaults by Native Americans , poor food and water supplies , and class strife . Many colonists were ill - prepared to carve out a new settlement on a frontier . When Captain John Smith became Virginia 's third president , he proved the strong leader that the colony needed . Industry flourished and relations with Chief Powhatan 's people improved .","sentences":["Initially , the colonists were governed by a president and seven - member council selected by the King .","Leadership problems quickly erupted .","Jamestown 's first two leaders coped with varying degrees of success with sickness , assaults by Native Americans , poor food and water supplies , and class strife .","Many colonists were ill - prepared to carve out a new settlement on a frontier .","When Captain John Smith became Virginia 's third president , he proved the strong leader that the colony needed .","Industry flourished and relations with Chief Powhatan 's people improved ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5887657277213730786","input":"where do we go from here by johnny gill","passages":[{"title":"Where Do We Go from Here (Stacy Lattisaw song)","text":"`` Where Do We Go from Here '' Single by Stacy Lattisaw featuring Johnny Gill from the album What You Need Released 1989 ( 1989 ) Format 12 `` , 7 '' , cassette Genre R&B Length 6 : 05 ( album version ) 4 : 12 ( single edit ) Label Motown Songwriter ( s ) LeMel Humes Producer ( s ) LeMel Humes Stacy Lattisaw singles chronology `` What You Need '' ( 1989 ) `` Where Do We Go from Here '' ( 1989 ) `` Dance for You '' ( 1989 ) `` What You Need '' ( 1989 ) `` Where Do We Go from Here '' ( 1989 ) `` Dance for You '' ( 1989 ) Johnny Gill singles chronology Ca n't Wait Til Tomorrow ( 1985 ) Ca n't Wait Til Tomorrow 1985 Where Do We Go from Here ( 1989 ) String Module Error : Match not found1989 Rub You the Right Way ( 1990 ) Rub You the Right Way 1990","sentences":["`` Where Do We Go from Here ''","Single by Stacy Lattisaw featuring Johnny Gill from the album What You Need Released 1989 ( 1989 )","Format 12 `` , 7 '' , cassette Genre R&B Length 6 : 05 ( album version ) 4 : 12 ( single edit )","Label Motown Songwriter ( s ) LeMel Humes Producer ( s ) LeMel Humes Stacy Lattisaw singles chronology `` What You Need '' ( 1989 ) `` Where Do We Go from Here '' ( 1989 )","`` Dance for You '' ( 1989 ) `` What You Need '' ( 1989 ) `` Where Do We Go from Here '' ( 1989 ) `` Dance for You '' ( 1989 )","Johnny Gill singles chronology","Ca n't Wait Til Tomorrow ( 1985 )","Ca n't Wait Til Tomorrow 1985 Where Do We Go from Here ( 1989 )","String Module Error :","Match not found1989 Rub You the Right Way ( 1990 )","Rub You the Right Way 1990"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6438044674006273898","input":"what was the name of the dragon in beowulf","passages":[{"title":"The dragon (Beowulf)","text":"In From Homer to Harry Potter : A Handbook on Myth and Fantasy , Matthew Dickerson and David O'Hara argue that the Beowulf poet added the figure of the dragon to `` the pot ... that is ladeled out of by most modern fantasy writers '' ; they argued that both numerous works with villainous dragons , as well as literature with benign dragons like the My Father 's Dragon books and the Pern series by Anne McCaffrey , were influenced by Beowulf 's dragon . Dickerson and O'Hara further elaborated that through its dragon , Beowulf turned the `` notion of having a monstrous evil ( and not mere human foes ) as the enemy '' into `` a hallmark of modern fantasy '' present in C.S. Lewis ' Narnia books , Ursula K. Le Guin 's Earthsea books , and the Thomas Covenant series by Stephen Donaldson . J.R.R. Tolkien used the dragon story of Beowulf as a template for Smaug of The Hobbit ; in each case , the dragon awakens upon the hoard being disturbed by one stealing a chalice and goes into a wrathful rampage until slain by another person . Aia Hussein of the National Endowment for the Humanities has written that the fight between Harry Potter and the Hungarian Horntail in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire ( 2000 ) by J.K. Rowling was influenced by the confrontation between the dragon and the title character in Beowulf . James Parker of The Atlantic saw similarities between the dragon in Beowulf and the dragons in Game of Thrones ( 2011 -- present ) .","sentences":["In From Homer to Harry Potter : A Handbook on Myth and Fantasy , Matthew Dickerson and David O'Hara argue that the Beowulf poet added the figure of the dragon to `` the pot ...","that is ladeled out of by most modern fantasy writers '' ; they argued that both numerous works with villainous dragons , as well as literature with benign dragons like the My Father 's Dragon books and the Pern series by Anne McCaffrey , were influenced by Beowulf 's dragon .","Dickerson and O'Hara further elaborated that through its dragon , Beowulf turned the `` notion of having a monstrous evil ( and not mere human foes ) as the enemy '' into `` a hallmark of modern fantasy '' present in C.S. Lewis ' Narnia books , Ursula K. Le Guin 's Earthsea books , and the Thomas Covenant series by Stephen Donaldson .","J.R.R. Tolkien used the dragon story of Beowulf as a template for Smaug of The Hobbit ; in each case , the dragon awakens upon the hoard being disturbed by one stealing a chalice and goes into a wrathful rampage until slain by another person .","Aia Hussein of the National Endowment for the Humanities has written that the fight between Harry Potter and the Hungarian Horntail in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire ( 2000 ) by J.K. Rowling was influenced by the confrontation between the dragon and the title character in Beowulf .","James Parker of The Atlantic saw similarities between the dragon in Beowulf and the dragons in Game of Thrones ( 2011 -- present ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3303633158927909274","input":"when does the last season of new girl premier","passages":[{"title":"Pretty Little Liars (season 5)","text":"Alison 's trial begins and the prosecutor exposes her kidnapping story as a lie to the court , making the Liars fear what else will be revealed . When Jason is called to testify , his affair with Ashley is revealed and the prosecutor theorizes that Ashley convinced Jason to change his identification of Alison in the video of Mona being attacked in exchange for `` personal inducements '' to help Hanna . Spencer discovers that Varjak 's phone number is the same as the one in the personal ads in Alison 's house . When Hanna asks Alison about this she reveals that the messages started after her mother 's body was found and she believed it was Mona because they stopped when she was murdered . Aria gets a call from the phone number and a French song is played over the phone , which Hanna tells them was one of Mona 's favourite songs . Spencer , Emily and Aria go to Mona 's house and discover her room has been searched by ' A ' , but find a cryptic clue hidden in a mirror . Jason visits Alison in jail and she tells him to get out of Rosewood before he is dragged down with her . At a forensic lab , an analyst examines an ice pick that was found in Mona 's house , with the company logo `` Boo Boo 's Ice Cream '' printed on it . ' A ' ending : ' A ' shreds Paul Varjak 's documents and using the shredded paper to line Tippi 's cage .","sentences":["Alison 's trial begins and the prosecutor exposes her kidnapping story as a lie to the court , making the Liars fear what else will be revealed .","When Jason is called to testify , his affair with Ashley is revealed and the prosecutor theorizes that Ashley convinced Jason to change his identification of Alison in the video of Mona being attacked in exchange for `` personal inducements '' to help Hanna .","Spencer discovers that Varjak 's phone number is the same as the one in the personal ads in Alison 's house .","When Hanna asks Alison about this she reveals that the messages started after her mother 's body was found and she believed it was Mona because they stopped when she was murdered .","Aria gets a call from the phone number and a French song is played over the phone , which Hanna tells them was one of Mona 's favourite songs .","Spencer , Emily and Aria go to Mona 's house and discover her room has been searched by ' A ' , but find a cryptic clue hidden in a mirror .","Jason visits Alison in jail and she tells him to get out of Rosewood before he is dragged down with her .","At a forensic lab , an analyst examines an ice pick that was found in Mona 's house , with the company logo `` Boo Boo 's Ice Cream '' printed on it . '","A ' ending : ' A ' shreds Paul Varjak 's documents and using the shredded paper to line Tippi 's cage ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6163521094860486667","input":"what are the branches of mathematics and their meaning","passages":[{"title":"Areas of mathematics","text":"Numerical analysis Many problems in mathematics can not in general be solved exactly . Numerical analysis is the study of iterative methods and algorithms for approximately solving problems to a specified error bound . Includes numerical differentiation , numerical integration and numerical methods ; c.f. scientific computing . See also List of numerical analysis topics Computer algebra This area is also called symbolic computation or algebraic computation . It deals with exact computation , for example with integers of arbitrary size , polynomials or elements of finite fields . It includes also the computation with non numeric mathematical objects like polynomial ideals or series . Physical","sentences":["Numerical analysis Many problems in mathematics can not in general be solved exactly .","Numerical analysis is the study of iterative methods and algorithms for approximately solving problems to a specified error bound .","Includes numerical differentiation , numerical integration and numerical methods ; c.f. scientific computing .","See also List of numerical analysis topics Computer algebra This area is also called symbolic computation or algebraic computation .","It deals with exact computation , for example with integers of arbitrary size , polynomials or elements of finite fields .","It includes also the computation with non numeric mathematical objects like polynomial ideals or series .","Physical"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3326653463666469338","input":"when a snail fall in love season 2","passages":[{"title":"When a Snail Falls in Love","text":"Actor Character Description Wang Kai Ji Bai ( \u5b63 \u767d ) Detective of at Ling Police Department Wang Ziwen Xu Xu ( \u8bb8 \u8be9 ) Profiling intern at Ling Municipal Police Xu Yue ( \u5f90 \u60a6 ) Yao Meng ( \u59da \u6aac ) Police intern at Ling Police Department Yu Heng ( \u4e8e \u6052 ) Zhao Han ( \u8d75 \u5bd2 ) Police Officer at Ling Police Department Zhao Yuanyuan ( \u8d75 \u5706 \u7457 ) Ye Zixi ( \u53f6 \u6893 \u5915 ) Member of the Ye family and Ji Bai 's childhood friend Wu Xiaoyu ( \u6b66\u7b11\u7fbd ) Ye Qiao ( \u53f6 \u4fcf ) Heiress of the Ye Corporation . Zhang Yanyan ( \u5f20\u68ea\u7430 ) Brother Lu ( \u565c \u54e5 ) Head of a drug cartel","sentences":["Actor Character Description Wang Kai Ji Bai ( \u5b63 \u767d ) Detective of at Ling Police Department","Wang Ziwen Xu Xu ( \u8bb8 \u8be9 )","Profiling intern at Ling Municipal Police Xu Yue ( \u5f90 \u60a6 ) Yao Meng ( \u59da \u6aac )","Police intern at Ling Police Department Yu Heng ( \u4e8e \u6052 )","Zhao Han ( \u8d75 \u5bd2 ) Police Officer at Ling Police Department Zhao Yuanyuan ( \u8d75 \u5706 \u7457 )","Ye Zixi ( \u53f6 \u6893 \u5915 ) Member of the Ye family and Ji Bai 's childhood friend Wu Xiaoyu ( \u6b66\u7b11\u7fbd )","Ye Qiao ( \u53f6 \u4fcf )","Heiress of the Ye Corporation .","Zhang Yanyan ( \u5f20\u68ea\u7430 )","Brother Lu ( \u565c \u54e5 )","Head of a drug cartel"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2524006781545864467","input":"what is a group of rabbits called fluffle","passages":[{"title":"Rabbit","text":"Wild leporids comprise a small portion of global rabbit - meat consumption . Domesticated descendants of the European rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ) that are bred and kept as livestock ( a practice called cuniculture ) account for the estimated 200 million tons of rabbit meat produced annually . In 1994 , the countries with the highest consumption per capita of rabbit meat were Malta with 8.89 kilograms ( 19.6 lb ) , Italy with 5.71 kilograms ( 12.6 lb ) , and Cyprus with 4.37 kilograms ( 9.6 lb ) , falling to 0.03 kilograms ( 0.066 lb ) in Japan . The figure for the United States was 0.14 kilograms ( 0.31 lb ) per capita . The largest producers of rabbit meat in 1994 were China , Russia , Italy , France , and Spain . Rabbit meat was once a common commodity in Sydney , Australia , but declined after the myxomatosis virus was intentionally introduced to control the exploding population of feral rabbits in the area .","sentences":["Wild leporids comprise a small portion of global rabbit - meat consumption .","Domesticated descendants of the European rabbit ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ) that are bred and kept as livestock ( a practice called cuniculture ) account for the estimated 200 million tons of rabbit meat produced annually .","In 1994 , the countries with the highest consumption per capita of rabbit meat were Malta with 8.89 kilograms ( 19.6 lb ) , Italy with 5.71 kilograms ( 12.6 lb ) , and Cyprus with 4.37 kilograms ( 9.6 lb ) , falling to 0.03 kilograms ( 0.066 lb ) in Japan .","The figure for the United States was 0.14 kilograms ( 0.31 lb ) per capita .","The largest producers of rabbit meat in 1994 were China , Russia , Italy , France , and Spain .","Rabbit meat was once a common commodity in Sydney , Australia , but declined after the myxomatosis virus was intentionally introduced to control the exploding population of feral rabbits in the area ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2173769636928529709","input":"how does the cut work at the players","passages":[{"title":"The Players Championship","text":"1974 : Jack Nicklaus wins the inaugural edition of the tournament . He beats J.C. Snead by two shots near Atlanta . 1977 : Mark Hayes wins by two shots over Mike McCullough at Sawgrass Country Club , despite shooting the highest winning score on the PGA Tour , 289 , since Nicklaus at the 1972 U.S. Open . 1978 : Jack Nicklaus wins his third Tournament Players Championship title . He edges Lou Graham by one shot . 1979 : Bob Murphy , a five - time winner on the PGA Tour , shoots a final round 92 . Winds were gusting up to 45 miles per hour that day . 1980 : Playing in a final threesome with Gary Player and Jack Nicklaus , Lee Trevino shoots a final round 70 to edge Ben Crenshaw by one shot . 1981 : Raymond Floyd defeats Curtis Strange and Barry Jaeckel on the first hole of a sudden death playoff . In addition to the tournament title , Floyd collects an additional $250,000 bonus due to his win at the Doral - Eastern Open the week before . 1982 : After winning the first tournament at the Stadium Course by two shots over Brad Bryant and Scott Simpson , Jerry Pate tosses PGA Tour Commissioner Deane Beman and course architect Pete Dye into the water adjacent to the 18th green before jumping in himself . 1983 : Hal Sutton wins by one shot over Bob Eastwood . John Cook came to the 72nd hole tied for the lead with Sutton before hitting his tee shot in the water on his way to a double bogey . 1984 : Fred Couples shoots a course record 64 during the second round of play on his way to a one - shot victory over Lee Trevino . 1986 : John Mahaffey wins by one shot over Larry Mize after Mize makes bogey on four of the last five holes during the final round of play . 1987 : Sandy Lyle defeats Jeff Sluman with a par on the third hole of a sudden - death playoff . At the playoff 's second hole , Sluman stood over a 6 - foot ( 1.8 m ) birdie putt to win , and a spectator jumped into the water surrounding the 17th green . He backed away , then missed . 1988 : Jacksonville area resident Mark McCumber wins by four shots over Mike Reid . 1989 : Tom Kite wins for the second consecutive week . He beats Chip Beck by one shot . 1991 : Steve Elkington wins by one shot over Fuzzy Zoeller . Phil Blackmar had solo possession of the lead before hitting his tee shot into the water on the 71st hole resulting in a double bogey . 1992 : Mark Calcavecchia and John Daly , the first pair on the final day of the tournament , are reprimanded by Deputy PGA Tour Commissioner Tim Finchem `` for failure to exert their best effort '' after they finish their 18 holes of golf in only two hours and three minutes . 1994 : Greg Norman shoots the 72 - hole record score for the tournament , 264 , on his way to a four shot victory over Fuzzy Zoeller . 1995 : After Norman 's record score , the course is made tougher by the creation of new , rock hard greens . Lee Janzen shoots 283 to win the tournament , the biggest one - year swing for a tournament played on the same layout in PGA Tour history . 1996 : Twelve years after his first win at the TPC at Sawgrass , Fred Couples triumphs again . He shoots a final round 64 to beat Colin Montgomerie and Tommy Tolles by four shots . 1999 : David Duval wins by two shots over Scott Gump . The win by Duval propels him to # 1 in the World rankings . 2000 : Hal Sutton wins at the TPC at Sawgrass for a second time . He edges Tiger Woods by one shot . 2002 : Playing for the first time ever in The Players Championship , Craig Perks finishes eagle - birdie - par to win by two shots over Stephen Ames . It is the only PGA Tour win for Perks . 2003 : Davis Love III wins The Players Championship for a second time . He shoots a final round 64 to win by six shots over Jay Haas and P\u00e1draig Harrington . 2004 : In spite of hitting his 2nd shot at the 72nd hole into the water , Adam Scott is able to get it up and down for bogey to win by one shot over P\u00e1draig Harrington . 2005 : Fred Funk becomes the tournament 's oldest champion by edging Tom Lehman , Luke Donald , and Scott Verplank by one shot . During the final round , Bob Tway hits four balls into the water surrounding the 17th green , scoring a twelve on the hole . 2010 : After 206 career PGA Tour starts , Tim Clark breaks through for his first Tour win . 2011 : K.J. Choi becomes the first Asian born golfer to win The Players Championship . He defeats David Toms on the first hole of a sudden death playoff . 2013 : Roberto Castro ties the course record with a 9 - under 63 in the opening round . Sergio Garc\u00eda , tied for the lead with Tiger Woods at 13 - under par going to the par - 3 17th hole in the final round , puts two balls into the water . Tiger Woods wins the event for the first time since 2001 . It is his 78th career PGA Tour win in his 300th start . 2014 : Ongoing injuries prevent Tiger Woods from defending his title . In the first round , Martin Kaymer ties the course record with a 63 matching Fred Couples ( 1992 ) , Greg Norman ( 1994 ) and Roberto Castro ( 2013 ) . Kaymer goes on to win wire - to - wire . 2015 : Following a three - way tie at 12 - under par in regulation play , the tournament 's first aggregate three - hole playoff over holes 16 -- 18 is conducted between Rickie Fowler , Kevin Kisner and Sergio Garc\u00eda . Kisner and Fowler both go par - birdie - par to end the playoff at 1 - under par , while Garc\u00eda can only muster three pars to finish at even par and is eliminated . The playoff continues into sudden death , starting at the 17th , where both Kisner and Fowler have birdie opportunities . Kisner 's birdie try from about 12 feet is unsuccessful , while Fowler 's effort , inside of five feet , drops home for the victory . 2017 : 21 - year - old Kim Si - woo becomes the event 's youngest winner .","sentences":["1974 : Jack Nicklaus wins the inaugural edition of the tournament .","He beats J.C. Snead by two shots near Atlanta .","1977 :","Mark Hayes wins by two shots over Mike McCullough at Sawgrass Country Club , despite shooting the highest winning score on the PGA Tour , 289 , since Nicklaus at the 1972 U.S. Open .","1978 : Jack Nicklaus wins his third Tournament Players Championship title .","He edges Lou Graham by one shot .","1979 :","Bob Murphy , a five - time winner on the PGA Tour , shoots a final round 92 .","Winds were gusting up to 45 miles per hour that day .","1980 :","Playing in a final threesome with Gary Player and Jack Nicklaus , Lee Trevino shoots a final round 70 to edge Ben Crenshaw by one shot .","1981 :","Raymond Floyd defeats Curtis Strange and Barry Jaeckel on the first hole of a sudden death playoff .","In addition to the tournament title , Floyd collects an additional $250,000 bonus due to his win at the Doral - Eastern Open the week before .","1982",":","After winning the first tournament at the Stadium Course by two shots over Brad Bryant and Scott Simpson , Jerry Pate tosses PGA Tour Commissioner Deane Beman and course architect Pete Dye into the water adjacent to the 18th green before jumping in himself .","1983 :","Hal Sutton wins by one shot over Bob Eastwood .","John Cook came to the 72nd hole tied for the lead with Sutton before hitting his tee shot in the water on his way to a double bogey .","1984 :","Fred Couples shoots a course record 64 during the second round of play on his way to a one - shot victory over Lee Trevino .","1986 :","John Mahaffey wins by one shot over Larry Mize after Mize makes bogey on four of the last five holes during the final round of play .","1987 :","Sandy Lyle defeats Jeff Sluman with a par on the third hole of a sudden - death playoff .","At the playoff 's second hole , Sluman stood over a 6 - foot ( 1.8 m )","birdie putt to win , and a spectator jumped into the water surrounding the 17th green .","He backed away , then missed .","1988 :","Jacksonville area resident Mark McCumber wins by four shots over Mike Reid .","1989 :","Tom Kite wins for the second consecutive week .","He beats Chip Beck by one shot .","1991 :","Steve Elkington wins by one shot over Fuzzy Zoeller .","Phil Blackmar had solo possession of the lead before hitting his tee shot into the water on the 71st hole resulting in a double bogey .","1992 :","Mark Calcavecchia and John Daly , the first pair on the final day of the tournament , are reprimanded by Deputy PGA Tour Commissioner Tim Finchem `` for failure to exert their best effort '' after they finish their 18 holes of golf in only two hours and three minutes .","1994 :","Greg Norman shoots the 72 - hole record score for the tournament , 264 , on his way to a four shot victory over Fuzzy Zoeller .","1995 :","After Norman 's record score , the course is made tougher by the creation of new , rock hard greens .","Lee Janzen shoots 283 to win the tournament , the biggest one - year swing for a tournament played on the same layout in PGA Tour history .","1996 :","Twelve years after his first win at the TPC at Sawgrass , Fred Couples triumphs again .","He shoots a final round 64 to beat Colin Montgomerie and Tommy Tolles by four shots .","1999 :","David Duval wins by two shots over Scott Gump .","The win by Duval propels him to # 1 in the World rankings .","2000 :","Hal Sutton wins at the TPC at Sawgrass for a second time .","He edges Tiger Woods by one shot .","2002 :","Playing for the first time ever in The Players Championship , Craig Perks finishes eagle - birdie - par to win by two shots over Stephen Ames .","It is the only PGA Tour win for Perks .","2003 :","Davis Love III wins The Players Championship for a second time .","He shoots a final round 64 to win by six shots over Jay Haas and P\u00e1draig Harrington .","2004 : In spite of hitting his 2nd shot at the 72nd hole into the water , Adam Scott is able to get it up and down for bogey to win by one shot over P\u00e1draig Harrington .","2005",": Fred Funk becomes the tournament 's oldest champion by edging Tom Lehman , Luke Donald , and Scott Verplank by one shot .","During the final round , Bob Tway hits four balls into the water surrounding the 17th green , scoring a twelve on the hole .","2010 : After 206 career PGA Tour starts , Tim Clark breaks through for his first Tour win .","2011 : K.J. Choi becomes the first Asian born golfer to win The Players Championship .","He defeats David Toms on the first hole of a sudden death playoff .","2013 :","Roberto Castro ties the course record with a 9 - under 63 in the opening round .","Sergio Garc\u00eda , tied for the lead with Tiger Woods at 13 - under par going to the par - 3 17th hole in the final round , puts two balls into the water .","Tiger Woods wins the event for the first time since 2001 .","It is his 78th career PGA Tour win in his 300th start .","2014 : Ongoing injuries prevent Tiger Woods from defending his title .","In the first round , Martin Kaymer ties the course record with a 63 matching Fred Couples ( 1992 ) , Greg Norman ( 1994 ) and Roberto Castro ( 2013 ) .","Kaymer goes on to win wire - to - wire .","2015 :","Following a three - way tie at 12 - under par in regulation play , the tournament 's first aggregate three - hole playoff over holes 16 -- 18 is conducted between Rickie Fowler , Kevin Kisner and Sergio Garc\u00eda .","Kisner and Fowler both go par - birdie - par to end the playoff at 1 - under par , while Garc\u00eda can only muster three pars to finish at even par and is eliminated .","The playoff continues into sudden death , starting at the 17th , where both Kisner and Fowler have birdie opportunities .","Kisner 's birdie try from about 12 feet is unsuccessful , while Fowler 's effort , inside of five feet , drops home for the victory .","2017 : 21 - year - old Kim Si - woo becomes the event 's youngest winner ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7566601759197595077","input":"where does a dog called homeless take place","passages":[{"title":"Oliver Twist","text":"Oliver stays with Mr Brownlow , recovers rapidly , and blossoms from the unaccustomed kindness . His bliss is interrupted when Fagin , fearing Oliver might tell the police about his criminal gang , decides that Oliver must be brought back to his hideout . When Mr Brownlow sends Oliver out to pay for some books , one of the gang , a young girl named Nancy , whom Oliver had previously met at Fagin 's , accosts him with help from her abusive lover , the robber Bill Sikes , and Oliver is quickly bundled back to Fagin 's lair . The thieves take the five - pound note Mr Brownlow had entrusted to him , and strip him of his fine new clothes . Oliver , shocked , flees and attempts to call for police assistance , but is dragged back by the Artful Dodger , Charley , and Fagin . Nancy , alone , is sympathetic towards Oliver and saves him from beatings by Fagin and Sikes .","sentences":["Oliver stays with Mr Brownlow , recovers rapidly , and blossoms from the unaccustomed kindness .","His bliss is interrupted when Fagin , fearing Oliver might tell the police about his criminal gang , decides that Oliver must be brought back to his hideout .","When Mr Brownlow sends Oliver out to pay for some books , one of the gang , a young girl named Nancy , whom Oliver had previously met at Fagin 's , accosts him with help from her abusive lover , the robber Bill Sikes , and Oliver is quickly bundled back to Fagin 's lair .","The thieves take the five - pound note Mr Brownlow had entrusted to him , and strip him of his fine new clothes .","Oliver , shocked , flees and attempts to call for police assistance , but is dragged back by the Artful Dodger , Charley , and Fagin .","Nancy , alone , is sympathetic towards Oliver and saves him from beatings by Fagin and Sikes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5448267007601270546","input":"where does yona of the dawn anime leave off in the manga","passages":[{"title":"Yona of the Dawn","text":"He is an orphan boy who was taken in by the monk , Ik - Soo , as an apprentice when he was a child . Because of his cute face and expertise at cooking and making medicine , he is often mistaken for a girl , or teased for this skill set . He found Yona and Hak when they fell from the cliff after being attacked by Tae - Jun 's ambush . He initially disliked Yona for being an ignorant princess , but later apologized after witnessing Yona 's bravery and willingness to educate herself . His initial hatred for nobles stemmed from the fact that Ik - Soo was banished from the kingdom by Soo - Won 's father , and from his own impoverished childhood . He always dreamed of going on a journey so that he could learn more about medicine and the world , but never did so before due to the fact that he did not want to leave Ik - Soo . After some convincing , Yoon decided to leave and start travelling with Yona and Hak . Once the Four Dragons are assembled , he becomes something of a medic and caretaker for the group , and harbours a close , sibling - like relationship with Yona . He is the only true non-combatant in the group , though he is capable of making explosives .","sentences":["He is an orphan boy who was taken in by the monk , Ik - Soo , as an apprentice when he was a child .","Because of his cute face and expertise at cooking and making medicine , he is often mistaken for a girl , or teased for this skill set .","He found Yona and Hak when they fell from the cliff after being attacked by Tae - Jun 's ambush .","He initially disliked Yona for being an ignorant princess , but later apologized after witnessing Yona 's bravery and willingness to educate herself .","His initial hatred for nobles stemmed from the fact that Ik - Soo was banished from the kingdom by Soo - Won 's father , and from his own impoverished childhood .","He always dreamed of going on a journey so that he could learn more about medicine and the world , but never did so before due to the fact that he did not want to leave Ik - Soo .","After some convincing , Yoon decided to leave and start travelling with Yona and Hak .","Once the Four Dragons are assembled , he becomes something of a medic and caretaker for the group , and harbours a close , sibling - like relationship with Yona .","He is the only true non-combatant in the group , though he is capable of making explosives ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5935796760280293374","input":"what teams has the patriots lost to in the super bowl","passages":[{"title":"New England Patriots","text":"The Patriots and the Bills were both charter members of the AFL , and even competed with each other in an AFL playoff game . They have remained divisional rivals since the NFL - AFL merger . Prior to the rise of Tom Brady , the two teams shared a mellow , yet occasionally competitive rivalry , featuring highlights from players such as O.J. Simpson , Steve Grogan , Joe Ferguson , Jim Kelly , and Drew Bledsoe . However , Brady has dominated the Bills ever since taking over as the Patriots ' franchise quarterback , holding a 26 - 3 regular season record over them . Though Patriots fans usually feel apathetic towards the Bills , Bills fans have come to despise the Patriots more than any other rival . The rivalry has remained somewhat intense in recent years with multiple players having played for both teams , the Bills usually giving their all when playing the Patriots , and the presence of Rex Ryan , who coached both the Bills and Jets and was known for his trash - talk .","sentences":["The Patriots and the Bills were both charter members of the AFL , and even competed with each other in an AFL playoff game .","They have remained divisional rivals since the NFL - AFL merger .","Prior to the rise of Tom Brady , the two teams shared a mellow , yet occasionally competitive rivalry , featuring highlights from players such as O.J. Simpson , Steve Grogan , Joe Ferguson , Jim Kelly , and Drew Bledsoe .","However , Brady has dominated the Bills ever since taking over as the Patriots ' franchise quarterback , holding a 26 - 3 regular season record over them .","Though Patriots fans usually feel apathetic towards the Bills , Bills fans have come to despise the Patriots more than any other rival .","The rivalry has remained somewhat intense in recent years with multiple players having played for both teams , the Bills usually giving their all when playing the Patriots , and the presence of Rex Ryan , who coached both the Bills and Jets and was known for his trash - talk ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4902717885138717622","input":"when is avengers infinity war releasing in hindi","passages":[{"title":"Avengers: Infinity War","text":"Its worldwide opening weekend of $640.5 million is the biggest of all time , beating The Fate of the Furious ' $541.9 million . It crossed the $1 billion threshold at the worldwide box office in 11 days , becoming the fastest film to reach the milestone , eclipsing Star Wars : The Force Awakens ' record of 12 days . Also in its second weekend , Infinity War passed $13.5 million from 4DX screens , which was the all - time record for the format . On June 12 , 2018 , Avengers : Infinity War passed the $2 billion mark at the worldwide box office , becoming the fourth film to cross that milestone after Avatar , Titanic , and The Force Awakens . Crossing the mark in 48 days was the second fastest to that point , after Avatar 's 47 - day record . With $140 million worldwide from IMAX , the film is the third - largest worldwide in the format , behind Avatar and The Force Awakens , and the largest gross for a Marvel film . In May 2018 , two weeks after its release , Deadline Hollywood deduced the film had already broken even , and estimated its net profit would be around $600 million , accounting for production budgets , P&A , talent participations and other costs , with box office grosses and ancillary revenues from home media . Pre-sale","sentences":["Its worldwide opening weekend of $640.5 million is the biggest of all time , beating The Fate of the Furious ' $541.9 million .","It crossed the $1 billion threshold at the worldwide box office in 11 days , becoming the fastest film to reach the milestone , eclipsing Star Wars : The Force Awakens ' record of 12 days .","Also in its second weekend , Infinity War passed $13.5 million from 4DX screens , which was the all - time record for the format .","On June 12 , 2018 , Avengers : Infinity War passed the $2 billion mark at the worldwide box office , becoming the fourth film to cross that milestone after Avatar , Titanic , and The Force Awakens .","Crossing the mark in 48 days was the second fastest to that point , after Avatar 's 47 - day record .","With $140 million worldwide from IMAX , the film is the third - largest worldwide in the format , behind Avatar and The Force Awakens , and the largest gross for a Marvel film .","In May 2018 , two weeks after its release , Deadline Hollywood deduced the film had already broken even , and estimated its net profit would be around $600 million , accounting for production budgets , P&A , talent participations and other costs , with box office grosses and ancillary revenues from home media .","Pre-sale"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2301174889595008101","input":"where does the us supreme court have original jurisdiction","passages":[{"title":"Original jurisdiction","text":"In India , the Supreme Court has original , appellate and advisory jurisdiction . Its exclusive original jurisdiction extends to all cases between the Government of India and the States of India or between Government of India and states on one side and one or more states on other side or cases between different states . Original jurisdiction is related to cases which are directly brought to the Supreme Court . Cases which require the interpretation of the constitution or cases relating to the denial of fundamental rights are heard In the supreme court . In case there is a dispute between two or more states or between the union and the states , the Supreme Court decides such cases . In addition , Article 32 of the Constitution of India grants original jurisdiction to the Supreme Court on all cases involving the enforcement of fundamental rights of citizens . It is empowered to issue directions , orders or writs , including writs in the nature of habeas corpus , mandamus , prohibition , quo warranto and certiorari to enforce them .","sentences":["In India , the Supreme Court has original , appellate and advisory jurisdiction .","Its exclusive original jurisdiction extends to all cases between the Government of India and the States of India or between Government of India and states on one side and one or more states on other side or cases between different states .","Original jurisdiction is related to cases which are directly brought to the Supreme Court .","Cases which require the interpretation of the constitution or cases relating to the denial of fundamental rights are heard In the supreme court .","In case there is a dispute between two or more states or between the union and the states , the Supreme Court decides such cases .","In addition , Article 32 of the Constitution of India grants original jurisdiction to the Supreme Court on all cases involving the enforcement of fundamental rights of citizens .","It is empowered to issue directions , orders or writs , including writs in the nature of habeas corpus , mandamus , prohibition , quo warranto and certiorari to enforce them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4431368695744777889","input":"how old were the cast of grey's anatomy when it started","passages":[{"title":"Grey's Anatomy (season 1)","text":"The first season was officially released on DVD in Region 1 on February 14 , 2006 , during the show 's second season . Under the title Grey 's Anatomy : Season One , the box set consists of episodes with Dolby Digital 5.1 surround sound and widescreen format . It also contained extras available only on DVD , including extended episodes , footage from behind the scenes , audio commentaries and unaired scenes cut from the aired episodes . The same set was released in Region 4 on April 26 , 2006 , almost three months after its original release in the United States , whereas its release date in Region 4 was October 11 , 2006 . The UK set contained the original fourteen episodes , being released as a three - disc boxset . The season has not been released on Blu - ray disc in any region . The DVD box set is currently no . 899 in Movies and TV on Amazon.com and no . 3452 in Film and TV on Amazon.co.uk .","sentences":["The first season was officially released on DVD in Region 1 on February 14 , 2006 , during the show 's second season .","Under the title Grey 's Anatomy : Season One , the box set consists of episodes with Dolby Digital 5.1 surround sound and widescreen format .","It also contained extras available only on DVD , including extended episodes , footage from behind the scenes , audio commentaries and unaired scenes cut from the aired episodes .","The same set was released in Region 4 on April 26 , 2006 , almost three months after its original release in the United States , whereas its release date in Region 4 was October 11 , 2006 .","The UK set contained the original fourteen episodes , being released as a three - disc boxset .","The season has not been released on Blu - ray disc in any region .","The DVD box set is currently no .","899 in Movies and TV on Amazon.com and no .","3452 in Film and TV on Amazon.co.uk ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2366297820166122034","input":"what is the most eaten food in japan","passages":[{"title":"Japanese cuisine","text":"Part of a series on the Culture of Japan History People Languages Traditions ( show ) Values Etiquette Marriage Funerals Tea ceremony Geisha Onsen \/ Sent\u014d Clothing Games Mythology and folklore ( show ) Mythology folklore Cuisine Festivals Religion ( show ) Buddhism Christian New religions Shinto Art ( show ) Ikebana Bonsai Gardens Pottery and porcelain Literature ( show ) Manga Poetry Music and performing arts ( show ) Music Performing arts Media ( show ) Television Cinema Mobile phone culture Anime Sport ( show ) Martial arts Monuments ( show ) World Heritage Sites Architecture Symbols ( show ) Flag Coat of arms Organisations ( show ) Museums Japan portal","sentences":["Part of a series on the Culture of Japan History People Languages Traditions ( show ) Values Etiquette Marriage Funerals Tea ceremony Geisha Onsen \/ Sent\u014d Clothing Games Mythology and folklore ( show )","Mythology folklore Cuisine Festivals Religion ( show )","Buddhism Christian New religions Shinto Art ( show )","Ikebana Bonsai Gardens Pottery and porcelain Literature ( show )","Manga Poetry Music and performing arts ( show )","Music Performing arts Media ( show )","Television Cinema Mobile phone culture Anime Sport ( show )","Martial arts Monuments ( show )","World Heritage Sites Architecture Symbols ( show )","Flag Coat of arms Organisations ( show )","Museums Japan portal"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2247235536867460621","input":"when did upper deck stop making baseball cards","passages":[{"title":"Upper Deck Company","text":"Despite the popularity of the Griffey card , it was not a scarce card . The card was situated in the top left hand corner of the uncut sheets and was more liable to be cut poorly or have its corners dinged . Company policy was that if a customer found a damaged card in its package , the company would replace it . Many Griffey cards were returned and the result was that Upper Deck printed many uncut sheets ( sheets consisting of 100 cards ) of just the Griffey card . According to Professional Sports Authenticator , the Ken Griffey , Jr. would become the most graded card of all time with the company . PSA graded over 50,000 of the cards . The Beckett Grading card service has evaluated over 25,000 of the Ken Griffey , Jr. rookie cards .","sentences":["Despite the popularity of the Griffey card , it was not a scarce card .","The card was situated in the top left hand corner of the uncut sheets and was more liable to be cut poorly or have its corners dinged .","Company policy was that if a customer found a damaged card in its package , the company would replace it .","Many Griffey cards were returned and the result was that Upper Deck printed many uncut sheets ( sheets consisting of 100 cards ) of just the Griffey card .","According to Professional Sports Authenticator , the Ken Griffey , Jr. would become the most graded card of all time with the company .","PSA graded over 50,000 of the cards .","The Beckett Grading card service has evaluated over 25,000 of the Ken Griffey , Jr. rookie cards ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4518933698710060753","input":"what happens at the end of the video broadcast of all you need is love","passages":[{"title":"All You Need Is Love","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1967 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canadian RPM 100 Germany ( Official German Charts ) Irish Singles Chart Italy ( FIMI ) 10 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) Norway ( VG - lista ) UK ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Cash Box Top 100 Chart ( 1987 ) ( Reissue ) Peak position Irish Singles Chart 19 UK ( Official Charts Company ) 47 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1967 ) Rank Canada US Billboard 30 US Cash Box 43 Certifications ( edit ) Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales United States ( RIAA ) Gold 1,000,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1967 )","Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report )","Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canadian RPM 100 Germany ( Official German Charts ) Irish Singles Chart Italy ( FIMI ) 10 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 )","Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) Norway ( VG - lista ) UK ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 US Cash Box Top 100 Chart ( 1987 ) ( Reissue ) Peak position Irish Singles Chart 19 UK ( Official Charts Company ) 47 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1967 )","Rank Canada US Billboard 30 US Cash Box 43 Certifications ( edit )","Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales United States ( RIAA )","Gold 1,000,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8862481699583824997","input":"what kind of soil is there in sundarbans","passages":[{"title":"Sundarbans","text":"Biotic factors here play a significant role in physical coastal evolution , and for wildlife a variety of habitats have developed which include beaches , estuaries , permanent and semi-permanent swamps , tidal flats , tidal creeks , coastal dunes , back dunes and levees . The mangrove vegetation itself assists in the formation of new landmass and the intertidal vegetation plays a significant role in swamp morphology . The activities of mangrove fauna in the intertidal mudflats develop micromorphological features that trap and hold sediments to create a substratum for mangrove seeds . The morphology and evolution of the eolian dunes is controlled by an abundance of xerophytic and halophytic plants . Creepers , grasses and sedges stabilise sand dunes and uncompacted sediments . The Sunderbans mudflats ( Banerjee , 1998 ) are found at the estuary and on the deltaic islands where low velocity of river and tidal current occurs . The flats are exposed in low tides and submerged in high tides , thus being changed morphologically even in one tidal cycle . The tides are so large that approximately one third of the land disappears and reappears every day . The interior parts of the mudflats serve as a perfect home for mangroves . See","sentences":["Biotic factors here play a significant role in physical coastal evolution , and for wildlife a variety of habitats have developed which include beaches , estuaries , permanent and semi-permanent swamps , tidal flats , tidal creeks , coastal dunes , back dunes and levees .","The mangrove vegetation itself assists in the formation of new landmass and the intertidal vegetation plays a significant role in swamp morphology .","The activities of mangrove fauna in the intertidal mudflats develop micromorphological features that trap and hold sediments to create a substratum for mangrove seeds .","The morphology and evolution of the eolian dunes is controlled by an abundance of xerophytic and halophytic plants .","Creepers , grasses and sedges stabilise sand dunes and uncompacted sediments .","The Sunderbans mudflats ( Banerjee , 1998 ) are found at the estuary and on the deltaic islands where low velocity of river and tidal current occurs .","The flats are exposed in low tides and submerged in high tides , thus being changed morphologically even in one tidal cycle .","The tides are so large that approximately one third of the land disappears and reappears every day .","The interior parts of the mudflats serve as a perfect home for mangroves .","See"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8517578438012644865","input":"what episode of grey's anatomy is izzie diagnosed with cancer","passages":[{"title":"Izzie Stevens","text":"However , in January 2012 , Heigl stated in an interview that she has asked the producers if she could return to the show to give closure to Izzie 's storyline : `` I 've told them I want to ( return ) , '' she said . `` I really , really , really want to see where ( Izzie ) is . I just want to know what happened to her and where she went and what she 's doing now . My idea is that she actually like figures it out , and finds some success and does really well in a different hospital . She was always floundering you know , and so she was always one step behind the eight ball and I want to see that girl take some power back . '' She later went on to say that she regrets leaving the show , `` Oh yeah , sometimes , yeah . You miss it . I miss my friends . It was a great work environment ... and it becomes a family . I spent six years together with these people every day ... you grow up together , in a way , '' and again commented on Izzie possibly returning to the show , `` I always felt that if they wanted me to come back and sort of wrap up that storyline ... I want them to know that I 'm down with it if they want me to , but I completely understand if it does n't necessarily work ... They 've got a lot of story lines going on there . '' But in March 2012 , Shonda Rhimes said that there are no plans at the moment for the character to return , `` I think it was really nice to hear her appreciating the show . At the same time we are on a track we have been planning . The idea of changing that track is not something we are interested in right now . '' Three years later , Rhimes said she has completely moved on from the idea of Izzie coming back , `` I 'm done with that story . I 've turned that idea over in my mind a thousand times and thought about how it would go . And I do n't think so . ''","sentences":["However , in January 2012 , Heigl stated in an interview that she has asked the producers if she could return to the show to give closure to Izzie 's storyline : `` I 've told them I want to ( return ) , '' she said .","`` I really , really , really want to see where ( Izzie ) is .","I just want to know what happened to her and where she went and what she 's doing now .","My idea is that she actually like figures it out , and finds some success and does really well in a different hospital .","She was always floundering you know , and so she was always one step behind the eight ball","and I want to see that girl take some power back . ''","She later went on to say that she regrets leaving the show , `` Oh yeah , sometimes , yeah .","You miss it .","I miss my friends .","It was a great work environment ...","and it becomes a family .","I spent six years together with these people every day ...","you grow up together , in a way , '' and again commented on Izzie possibly returning to the show , `` I always felt that if they wanted me to come back and sort of wrap up that storyline ...","I want them to know that I 'm down with it if they want me to , but I completely understand if it does n't necessarily work ...","They 've got a lot of story lines going on there . ''","But in March 2012 , Shonda Rhimes said that there are no plans at the moment for the character to return , `` I think it was really nice to hear her appreciating the show .","At the same time we are on a track we have been planning .","The idea of changing that track is not something we are interested in right now . ''","Three years later , Rhimes said she has completely moved on from the idea of Izzie coming back , `` I 'm done with that story .","I 've turned that idea over in my mind a thousand times and thought about how it would go .","And I do n't think so . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-480003723202247477","input":"where is the universal joint on a truck","passages":[{"title":"Universal joint","text":"x ^ 2 = ( \u2212 cos \u2061 \u03b2 sin \u2061 \u03b3 2 , cos \u2061 \u03b3 2 , sin \u2061 \u03b2 sin \u2061 \u03b3 2 ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ hat ( \\ mathbf ( x ) ) ) _ ( 2 ) = ( - \\ cos \\ beta \\ sin \\ gamma _ ( 2 ) \\ , , \\ , \\ cos \\ gamma _ ( 2 ) \\ , , \\ , \\ sin \\ beta \\ sin \\ gamma _ ( 2 ) ) )","sentences":["x ^ 2 = ( \u2212 cos \u2061 \u03b2 sin \u2061 \u03b3 2 , cos \u2061 \u03b3 2 , sin \u2061 \u03b2 sin \u2061 \u03b3 2 ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ hat ( \\ mathbf ( x ) ) )","_ ( 2 ) = ( - \\ cos \\ beta \\ sin \\ gamma _","( 2 ) \\ , , \\ , \\","cos \\ gamma _","( 2 ) \\ , , \\ , \\ sin \\ beta \\ sin \\ gamma _","( 2 ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2733620777707758476","input":"what did the english civil war and french revolution have in common","passages":[{"title":"English Civil War","text":"Having dissolved Parliament and unable to raise money without it , the king assembled a new one in 1628 . ( The elected members included Oliver Cromwell and Edward Coke . ) The new Parliament drew up the Petition of Right , and Charles accepted it as a concession in order to obtain his subsidy . Amongst other things , the Petition referred to the Magna Carta . However , it did not grant him the right of tonnage and poundage , which Charles had been collecting without Parliamentary authorisation since 1625 . Several of the more active members of the opposition were imprisoned , which caused some outrage ; one , John Eliot , subsequently died in prison , becoming regarded as a martyr for the rights of Parliament .","sentences":["Having dissolved Parliament and unable to raise money without it , the king assembled a new one in 1628 .","( The elected members included Oliver Cromwell and Edward Coke . )","The new Parliament drew up the Petition of Right , and Charles accepted it as a concession in order to obtain his subsidy .","Amongst other things , the Petition referred to the Magna Carta .","However , it did not grant him the right of tonnage and poundage , which Charles had been collecting without Parliamentary authorisation since 1625 .","Several of the more active members of the opposition were imprisoned , which caused some outrage ; one , John Eliot , subsequently died in prison , becoming regarded as a martyr for the rights of Parliament ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8300657125395332995","input":"where was the bill of rights written and ratified","passages":[{"title":"United States Bill of Rights","text":"The convention took place from May 14 to September 17 , 1787 , in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . Although the Convention was purportedly intended only to revise the Articles , the intention of many of its proponents , chief among them James Madison of Virginia and Alexander Hamilton of New York , was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one . The convention convened in the Pennsylvania State House , and George Washington of Virginia was unanimously elected as president of the convention . The 55 delegates who drafted the Constitution are among the men known as the Founding Fathers of the new nation . Thomas Jefferson , who was Minister to France during the convention , characterized the delegates as an assembly of `` demi - gods . '' Rhode Island refused to send delegates to the convention .","sentences":["The convention took place from May 14 to September 17 , 1787 , in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania .","Although the Convention was purportedly intended only to revise the Articles , the intention of many of its proponents , chief among them James Madison of Virginia and Alexander Hamilton of New York , was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one .","The convention convened in the Pennsylvania State House , and George Washington of Virginia was unanimously elected as president of the convention .","The 55 delegates who drafted the Constitution are among the men known as the Founding Fathers of the new nation .","Thomas Jefferson , who was Minister to France during the convention , characterized the delegates as an assembly of `` demi - gods . ''","Rhode Island refused to send delegates to the convention ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8512645305395102882","input":"how many episodes in a french village season 6","passages":[{"title":"Un village fran\u00e7ais","text":"This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French . ( December 2014 ) Click ( show ) for important translation instructions . ( show ) View a machine - translated version of the French article . Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations , but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate , rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia . Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality . If possible , verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article . You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation . A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution . You should also add the template ( ( Translated fr Un village fran\u00e7ais ) ) to the talk page . For more guidance , see Wikipedia : Translation .","sentences":["This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French .","( December 2014 )","Click ( show ) for important translation instructions .","( show )","View a machine - translated version of the French article .","Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations , but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate , rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia .","Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality .","If possible , verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article .","You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation .","A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution .","You should also add the template ( ( Translated fr Un village fran\u00e7ais ) ) to the talk page .","For more guidance , see Wikipedia : Translation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2238265248294827940","input":"when was the first smith and wesson made","passages":[{"title":"Smith & Wesson","text":"Two Smith & Wesson models 686 L - Frame ( medium - large ) Models Smith & Wesson Model 386 -- alloy Smith & Wesson Model 586 -- blued steel Smith & Wesson Model 686 -- stainless steel Smith & Wesson Model 619 -- 7 - shot . 357 Magnum , no full underlug , fixed sights . Smith & Wesson Model 620 -- 7 - shot . 357 Magnum , no full underlug , adjustable sights . Smith & Wesson Model 646 -- stainless steel . 40 S&W , adjustable sights","sentences":["Two Smith & Wesson models 686 L - Frame ( medium - large ) Models Smith & Wesson Model 386 -- alloy Smith & Wesson Model 586 -- blued steel Smith & Wesson Model 686 -- stainless steel Smith & Wesson Model 619 -- 7 - shot .","357 Magnum , no full underlug , fixed sights .","Smith & Wesson Model 620 -- 7 - shot .","357 Magnum , no full underlug , adjustable sights .","Smith & Wesson Model 646 -- stainless steel .","40 S&W , adjustable sights"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1004247079643695352","input":"what the two practical forms of wheatstone bridge","passages":[{"title":"Wheatstone bridge","text":"V G = ( R 2 R 1 + R 2 \u2212 R x R x + R 3 ) V s ( \\ displaystyle V_ ( G ) = \\ left ( ( R_ ( 2 ) \\ over ( R_ ( 1 ) + R_ ( 2 ) ) ) - ( R_ ( x ) \\ over ( R_ ( x ) + R_ ( 3 ) ) ) \\ right ) V_ ( s ) )","sentences":["V G = ( R 2 R 1 + R 2 \u2212 R x R x + R 3 )","V s ( \\ displaystyle V_","( G ) = \\ left ( ( R_ ( 2 ) \\ over ( R_ ( 1 ) + R_ ( 2 ) ) )","- ( R_ ( x ) \\ over ( R_ ( x ) + R_ ( 3 ) ) )","\\ right )","V_ ( s ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4622659451664534947","input":"when was the bible translated from greek to latin","passages":[{"title":"Bible translations into Latin","text":"Sebastian M\u00fcnster produced a new Latin version of the Old Testament , and gave an impetus to Old Testament study at the time . Theodore Beza prepared a Latin translation for his new edition of the Greek New Testament . Sebastian Castellio produced an unusual version in elegant Ciceronian Latin . Immanuel Tremellius , together with Franciscus Junius ( the elder ) , published a Latin version of the Old Testament and the Apocrypha , which became famous among Protestants . Later editions of their version were accompanied by the Latin version of the Greek New Testament by Beza , and influenced the KJV translators . Sebastian Schmidt ( 1617 -- 1696 ) a Lutheran theologian and Bible translator . Published the Biblia Sacra sive Testamentum Vetus et Novum ex linguis originalibus in linguam Latinam translatum , in Strasbourg ( Argentina ) in 1696 .","sentences":["Sebastian M\u00fcnster produced a new Latin version of the Old Testament , and gave an impetus to Old Testament study at the time .","Theodore Beza prepared a Latin translation for his new edition of the Greek New Testament .","Sebastian Castellio produced an unusual version in elegant Ciceronian Latin .","Immanuel Tremellius , together with Franciscus Junius ( the elder ) , published a Latin version of the Old Testament and the Apocrypha , which became famous among Protestants .","Later editions of their version were accompanied by the Latin version of the Greek New Testament by Beza , and influenced the KJV translators .","Sebastian Schmidt ( 1617 -- 1696 ) a Lutheran theologian and Bible translator .","Published the Biblia Sacra sive Testamentum Vetus et Novum ex linguis originalibus in linguam Latinam translatum , in Strasbourg ( Argentina ) in 1696 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3639108961390060280","input":"where does carmen's dad live in the sisterhood of the traveling pants","passages":[{"title":"Carmen Lowell","text":"Carmen learns that Christina is pregnant with David 's child . Carmen is originally hostile , believing that since the baby will be born just after she leaves for college that she is being replaced . Carmen also gets a job looking after Valia , Lena 's grandmother , and meets a guy named Win ' Winthrop ' at the hospital . She and Win maintain a flirtatious relationship , but she believes that she is deceiving him because he keeps catching her doing charitable things , and that he will be disappointed when he learns about her arguments with her mother . Carmen eventually realizes that since David works so much , she will have to be there for the child and makes amends with her mom . At the end of the book , Christina goes into labor four weeks early while David is away on business . Carmen and Win go hunting for David to bring him home . Meanwhile , Tibby helps Christina give birth . Carmen returns to the hospital where she meets her baby brother and tells Win that she does n't think she deserves him . Win announces that it does n't matter , and the two share a kiss .","sentences":["Carmen learns that Christina is pregnant with David 's child .","Carmen is originally hostile , believing that since the baby will be born just after she leaves for college that she is being replaced .","Carmen also gets a job looking after Valia , Lena 's grandmother , and meets a guy named Win ' Winthrop ' at the hospital .","She and Win maintain a flirtatious relationship , but she believes that she is deceiving him because he keeps catching her doing charitable things , and that he will be disappointed when he learns about her arguments with her mother .","Carmen eventually realizes that since David works so much , she will have to be there for the child and makes amends with her mom .","At the end of the book , Christina goes into labor four weeks early while David is away on business .","Carmen and Win go hunting for David to bring him home .","Meanwhile , Tibby helps Christina give birth .","Carmen returns to the hospital where she meets her baby brother and tells Win that she does n't think she deserves him .","Win announces that it does n't matter , and the two share a kiss ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1429961179012377922","input":"what is the order of fullmetal alchemist series","passages":[{"title":"Fullmetal Alchemist","text":"Edward and Alphonse Elric live in the rural town of Resembool with their mother Trisha and their father Van Hohenheim , the latter having left home for an unknown reason . When Trisha dies of the plague , the brothers perform the forbidden alchemic technique of human transmutation in an attempt to resurrect her . Consequently , the transmutation backfires and in law with equivalent exchange , Edward 's left leg and Alphonse 's entire body are destroyed . Edward sacrifices his right arm to rescue Alphonse 's soul , binding it to a suit of armor with a blood seal . Edward is invited by Roy Mustang to become a State Alchemist to research a way to restore Alphonse 's body . Edward passes the State Alchemist exams , becoming the Fullmetal Alchemist , the title based on his prosthetic automail limbs and use of alchemy involving metal materials .","sentences":["Edward and Alphonse Elric live in the rural town of Resembool with their mother Trisha and their father Van Hohenheim , the latter having left home for an unknown reason .","When Trisha dies of the plague , the brothers perform the forbidden alchemic technique of human transmutation in an attempt to resurrect her .","Consequently , the transmutation backfires and in law with equivalent exchange , Edward 's left leg and Alphonse 's entire body are destroyed .","Edward sacrifices his right arm to rescue Alphonse 's soul , binding it to a suit of armor with a blood seal .","Edward is invited by Roy Mustang to become a State Alchemist to research a way to restore Alphonse 's body .","Edward passes the State Alchemist exams , becoming the Fullmetal Alchemist , the title based on his prosthetic automail limbs and use of alchemy involving metal materials ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3154395253327734023","input":"a brief history of birth control in the us","passages":[{"title":"Birth control in the United States","text":"Although contraceptives were relatively common in middle - class and upper - class society , the topic was rarely discussed in public . The first book published in the United States which ventured to discuss contraception was Moral Physiology ; or , A Brief and Plain Treatise on the Population Question , published by Robert Dale Owen in 1831 . The book suggested that family planning was a laudable effort , and that sexual gratification -- without the goal of reproduction -- was not immoral . Owen recommended withdrawal , but he also discussed sponges and condoms . That book was followed by Fruits of Philosophy : The Private Companion of Young Married People , written in 1832 by Charles Knowlton , which recommended douching . Knowlton was prosecuted in Massachusetts on obscenity charges , and served three months in prison .","sentences":["Although contraceptives were relatively common in middle - class and upper - class society , the topic was rarely discussed in public .","The first book published in the United States which ventured to discuss contraception was Moral Physiology ; or , A Brief and Plain Treatise on the Population Question , published by Robert Dale Owen in 1831 .","The book suggested that family planning was a laudable effort , and that sexual gratification -- without the goal of reproduction -- was not immoral .","Owen recommended withdrawal , but he also discussed sponges and condoms .","That book was followed by Fruits of Philosophy :","The Private Companion of Young Married People , written in 1832 by Charles Knowlton , which recommended douching .","Knowlton was prosecuted in Massachusetts on obscenity charges , and served three months in prison ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7241457746838386626","input":"what was the most important effect of european nationalism in the 1800s","passages":[{"title":"Rise of nationalism in Europe","text":"The invention of a symbolic national identity became the concern of racial , ethnic or linguistic groups throughout Europe as they struggled to come to terms with the rise of mass politics , the decline of the traditional social elites , popular discrimination and xenophobia . Within the Habsburg empire the different peoples developed a more mass - based , violent and exclusive form of nationalism . This developed even among the Germans and Magyars , who actually benefited from the power - structure of the empire . On the European periphery , especially in Ireland and Norway , campaigns for national independence became more strident . In 1905 , Norway won independence from Sweden , but attempts to grant Ireland the kind of autonomy enjoyed by Hungary foundered on the national divisions on the island between the Catholic and Protestant populations . The Polish attempts to win independence from Russia had previously proved to be unsuccessful , with Poland being the only country in Europe whose autonomy was gradually limited rather than expanded throughout the 19th century , as a punishment for the failed uprisings ; in 1831 Poland lost its status as a formally independent state and was merged into Russia as a real union country and in 1867 she became nothing more than just another Russian province . Faced with internal and external resistance to assimilation , as well as increased xenophobic anti-Semitism , radical demands began to develop among the stateless Jewish population of eastern and central Europe for their own national home and refuge . In 1897 , inspired by the Hungarian - born Jewish nationalist Theodor Herzl , the First Zionist Congress was held in Basle , and declared their national ' home ' should be in Palestine . By the end of the period , the ideals of European nationalism had been exported worldwide and were now beginning to develop , and both compete and threaten the empires ruled by colonial European nation - states .","sentences":["The invention of a symbolic national identity became the concern of racial , ethnic or linguistic groups throughout Europe as they struggled to come to terms with the rise of mass politics , the decline of the traditional social elites , popular discrimination and xenophobia .","Within the Habsburg empire the different peoples developed a more mass - based , violent and exclusive form of nationalism .","This developed even among the Germans and Magyars , who actually benefited from the power - structure of the empire .","On the European periphery , especially in Ireland and Norway , campaigns for national independence became more strident .","In 1905 , Norway won independence from Sweden , but attempts to grant Ireland the kind of autonomy enjoyed by Hungary foundered on the national divisions on the island between the Catholic and Protestant populations .","The Polish attempts to win independence from Russia had previously proved to be unsuccessful , with Poland being the only country in Europe whose autonomy was gradually limited rather than expanded throughout the 19th century , as a punishment for the failed uprisings ; in 1831 Poland lost its status as a formally independent state and was merged into Russia as a real union country and in 1867 she became nothing more than just another Russian province .","Faced with internal and external resistance to assimilation , as well as increased xenophobic anti-Semitism , radical demands began to develop among the stateless Jewish population of eastern and central Europe for their own national home and refuge .","In 1897 , inspired by the Hungarian - born Jewish nationalist Theodor Herzl , the First Zionist Congress was held in Basle , and declared their national ' home ' should be in Palestine .","By the end of the period , the ideals of European nationalism had been exported worldwide and were now beginning to develop , and both compete and threaten the empires ruled by colonial European nation - states ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7301643546500826463","input":"when will george rr martin winds of winter be released","passages":[{"title":"The Winds of Winter","text":"The Winds of Winter was originally intended , in the very early stages of the series , to be the final installment of A Song of Ice and Fire ( then conceived as a trilogy ) . Following his expansion of the series , Martin eventually concluded it would be succeeded by one final novel , A Dream of Spring . By June 2010 , Martin had finished four chapters for The Winds of Winter from the viewpoints of Sansa Stark , Arya Stark , and Arianne Martell . In July 2010 , he added an Aeron Greyjoy chapter that had been moved from A Dance with Dragons to The Winds of Winter , accumulating around 100 completed manuscript pages . Following the publication of A Dance with Dragons in the summer of 2011 , Martin announced his return to writing the series in January 2012 , having spent the intervening time on his U.S. and overseas book publicity tours and attending various conventions . He continued to work , with his two co-authors Elio Garcia and Linda Antonsson , on the planned illustrated series companion guide The World of Ice & Fire concordance and Westeros history , which at one time he wanted to have completed by the end of 2011 . He also worked on a Westeros story , the fourth Tales of Dunk and Egg novella , that will eventually find anthology publication elsewhere . A year after that eventual publication , the story and the three previously published Dunk and Egg tales will be collected and published in the U.S. by Bantam Spectra as a stand - alone fix - up novel .","sentences":["The Winds of Winter was originally intended , in the very early stages of the series , to be the final installment of A Song of Ice and Fire ( then conceived as a trilogy ) .","Following his expansion of the series , Martin eventually concluded it would be succeeded by one final novel , A Dream of Spring .","By June 2010 , Martin had finished four chapters for The Winds of Winter from the viewpoints of Sansa Stark , Arya Stark , and Arianne Martell .","In July 2010 , he added an Aeron Greyjoy chapter that had been moved from A Dance with Dragons to The Winds of Winter , accumulating around 100 completed manuscript pages .","Following the publication of A Dance with Dragons in the summer of 2011 , Martin announced his return to writing the series in January 2012 , having spent the intervening time on his U.S. and overseas book publicity tours and attending various conventions .","He continued to work , with his two co-authors Elio Garcia and Linda Antonsson , on the planned illustrated series companion guide The World of Ice & Fire concordance and Westeros history , which at one time he wanted to have completed by the end of 2011 .","He also worked on a Westeros story , the fourth Tales of Dunk and Egg novella , that will eventually find anthology publication elsewhere .","A year after that eventual publication , the story and the three previously published Dunk and Egg tales will be collected and published in the U.S. by Bantam Spectra as a stand - alone fix - up novel ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8044937729258671393","input":"where are tropical deciduous forests found in the world","passages":[{"title":"Temperate deciduous forest","text":"Many migratory birds time their arrival to coincide with the opening of the canopy , which provides the insects that are their principal food sources for raising young . The spring warblers of North America are a typical , for example the black - throated blue warbler . Owing to the availability of wood from standing and fallen trees , woodpeckers are frequently found . The pileated woodpecker is a typical large species . Fallen wood , known as coarse woody debris , provides shelter for many kinds of amphibians , particularly salamanders . Many well - known animals live in this kind of forest ; a few examples include squirrels , which are an important canopy species , and bears , which hibernate in the winter . The top predators in deciduous forest were once wolves and cougars , along with species of weasel like the fisher .","sentences":["Many migratory birds time their arrival to coincide with the opening of the canopy , which provides the insects that are their principal food sources for raising young .","The spring warblers of North America are a typical , for example the black - throated blue warbler .","Owing to the availability of wood from standing and fallen trees , woodpeckers are frequently found .","The pileated woodpecker is a typical large species .","Fallen wood , known as coarse woody debris , provides shelter for many kinds of amphibians , particularly salamanders .","Many well - known animals live in this kind of forest ; a few examples include squirrels , which are an important canopy species , and bears , which hibernate in the winter .","The top predators in deciduous forest were once wolves and cougars , along with species of weasel like the fisher ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5212775349975038711","input":"what time do they stop selling alcohol in alabama","passages":[{"title":"List of alcohol laws of the United States","text":"Maine No Yes 6 a.m. to 1 a.m. ( Mon -- Sun ) Yes 21 21 ABV > Alcohol may not be purchased after 1 a.m. any day of the week , may not be purchased prior to 6 a.m. Monday through Saturday , and not prior to 9 a.m. on Sunday . Bars and restaurants may serve until 1 : 15 a.m. On New Year 's Day alcohol may be sold one hour later in all establishments . When St. Patrick 's Day falls on a Sunday , bars and restaurants may serve alcohol starting at 6 a.m that day . Wholesaling through state - licensed monopoly . Municipalities may prohibit the sale of alcohol by referendum ; 56 towns have done so .","sentences":["Maine No Yes 6 a.m. to 1 a.m.","( Mon -- Sun )","Yes 21 21 ABV >","Alcohol may not be purchased after 1 a.m. any day of the week , may not be purchased prior to 6 a.m. Monday through Saturday , and not prior to 9 a.m. on Sunday .","Bars and restaurants may serve until 1 : 15 a.m.","On New Year 's Day alcohol may be sold one hour later in all establishments .","When St. Patrick 's Day falls on a Sunday , bars and restaurants may serve alcohol starting at 6 a.m that day .","Wholesaling through state - licensed monopoly .","Municipalities may prohibit the sale of alcohol by referendum ; 56 towns have done so ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4248513406382543342","input":"what's love got to do with it free movie download","passages":[{"title":"What's Love Got to Do with It (film)","text":"Angela Bassett auditioned for the role in October 1992 and was chosen only a month before production began in December . During that time she had to learn not only how to talk like Turner but to dance and move like her . She would have been willing to try to do the singing as well , but ' ' not in the time we had , ' ' she said . ' ' I did think about it for a second , though . ' ' Instead , she lip syncs to soundtracks recorded by Tina Turner and Fishburne . Bassett worked with Tina Turner , but only ' ' a little bit . ' ' Turner helped most with the re-creations of her famed dance routines .","sentences":["Angela Bassett auditioned for the role in October 1992 and was chosen only a month before production began in December .","During that time she had to learn not only how to talk like Turner but to dance and move like her .","She would have been willing to try to do the singing as well , but ' ' not in the time we had , ' ' she said . ' '","I did think about it for a second , though . ' '","Instead , she lip syncs to soundtracks recorded by Tina Turner and Fishburne .","Bassett worked with Tina Turner , but only ' ' a little bit . ' '","Turner helped most with the re-creations of her famed dance routines ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4813741233973236678","input":"what is the meaning of idols in hindi","passages":[{"title":"Murti","text":"One of the earliest firm textual evidence of Deva images , in the sense of Murti , is found in Jivikarthe Capanye by the Sanskrit grammarian P\u0101\u1e47ini who lived about 4th century BCE . He mentions Acala and Cala , with former referring to images in a shrine , and the latter meaning images that were carried from place to place . Panini also mentions Devalaka , meaning custodians of images of worship who show the images but do not sell them , as well as Jivika as people whose source of livelihood was the gifts they received from devotees . In ancient Sanskrit texts that follow Panini 's work , numerous references are found to divine images with terms such as Devagrha , Devagara , Devakula , Devayatana and others . These texts , states Noel Salmond , strongly suggest that temples and Murti were in existence in ancient India by about 4th century BCE . Recent archaeological evidence confirms that the knowledge and art of sculpture was established in India by the Maurya Empire period ( ~ 3rd century BCE ) .","sentences":["One of the earliest firm textual evidence of Deva images , in the sense of Murti , is found in Jivikarthe Capanye by the Sanskrit grammarian P\u0101\u1e47ini who lived about 4th century BCE .","He mentions Acala and Cala , with former referring to images in a shrine , and the latter meaning images that were carried from place to place .","Panini also mentions Devalaka , meaning custodians of images of worship who show the images but do not sell them , as well as Jivika as people whose source of livelihood was the gifts they received from devotees .","In ancient Sanskrit texts that follow Panini 's work , numerous references are found to divine images with terms such as Devagrha , Devagara , Devakula , Devayatana and others .","These texts , states Noel Salmond , strongly suggest that temples and Murti were in existence in ancient India by about 4th century BCE .","Recent archaeological evidence confirms that the knowledge and art of sculpture was established in India by the Maurya Empire period ( ~ 3rd century BCE ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"240812212102050045","input":"where was the last scene in jurassic world fallen kingdom filmed","passages":[{"title":"Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom","text":"Universal had the benefit of a global marketing campaign by its partners valued at $185 million , more than double the value of the previous film 's partner program . The campaign included nine partners -- Dairy Queen , Doritos , Dr Pepper , Ferrero SpA , Jeep , Juicy Fruit , Kellogg 's , M&M 's , and Skittles -- who aired television commercials and sold products to promote the film . The global marketing campaign consisted of 1.3 billion promotional items including 100 million boxes of Kellogg 's products and 15 million packages of Kinder Joy candy by Ferrero . Dairy Queen , a returning partner from the previous film , sold `` Jurassic Chomp '' ice cream desserts in collectable cups , while Doritos and Dr Pepper marketed versions of their products that featured images of the film 's dinosaurs . For Super Bowl LII , Trevorrow directed a Jeep commercial starring Goldblum featuring a T. rex . Within 24 hours of its release , the commercial received 39.7 million online views , more than any film trailer watched online following its Super Bowl television debut . Universal also teamed up with Amazon for a marketing stunt where a dinosaur - sized box was driven around Los Angeles on a truck to promote the film .","sentences":["Universal had the benefit of a global marketing campaign by its partners valued at $185 million , more than double the value of the previous film 's partner program .","The campaign included nine partners -- Dairy Queen , Doritos , Dr Pepper , Ferrero SpA , Jeep , Juicy Fruit , Kellogg 's , M&M 's , and Skittles -- who aired television commercials and sold products to promote the film .","The global marketing campaign consisted of 1.3 billion promotional items including 100 million boxes of Kellogg 's products and 15 million packages of Kinder Joy candy by Ferrero .","Dairy Queen , a returning partner from the previous film , sold `` Jurassic Chomp '' ice cream desserts in collectable cups , while Doritos and Dr Pepper marketed versions of their products that featured images of the film 's dinosaurs .","For Super Bowl LII , Trevorrow directed a Jeep commercial starring Goldblum featuring a T. rex .","Within 24 hours of its release , the commercial received 39.7 million online views , more than any film trailer watched online following its Super Bowl television debut .","Universal also teamed up with Amazon for a marketing stunt where a dinosaur - sized box was driven around Los Angeles on a truck to promote the film ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2442652196146101732","input":"what is the only ocean that does not touch antarctica","passages":[{"title":"Southern Ocean","text":"Cook then turned northward to look for French Southern and Antarctic Lands , of the discovery of which he had received news at Cape Town , but from the rough determination of his longitude by Kerguelen , Cook reached the assigned latitude 10 \u00b0 too far east and did not see it . He turned south again and was stopped by ice in 61 \u00b0 52 \u2032 S by 95 \u00b0 E and continued eastward nearly on the parallel of 60 \u00b0 S to 147 \u00b0 E. On 16 March , the approaching winter drove him northward for rest to New Zealand and the tropical islands of the Pacific . In November 1773 , Cook left New Zealand , having parted company with the Adventure , and reached 60 \u00b0 S by 177 \u00b0 W , whence he sailed eastward keeping as far south as the floating ice allowed . The Antarctic Circle was crossed on 20 December and Cook remained south of it for three days , being compelled after reaching 67 \u00b0 31 \u2032 S to stand north again in 135 \u00b0 W .","sentences":["Cook then turned northward to look for French Southern and Antarctic Lands , of the discovery of which he had received news at Cape Town , but from the rough determination of his longitude by Kerguelen , Cook reached the assigned latitude 10 \u00b0 too far east and did not see it .","He turned south again and was stopped by ice in 61 \u00b0 52 \u2032 S by 95 \u00b0 E and continued eastward nearly on the parallel of 60 \u00b0 S to 147 \u00b0 E.","On 16 March , the approaching winter drove him northward for rest to New Zealand and the tropical islands of the Pacific .","In November 1773 , Cook left New Zealand , having parted company with the Adventure , and reached 60 \u00b0 S by 177 \u00b0 W , whence he sailed eastward keeping as far south as the floating ice allowed .","The Antarctic Circle was crossed on 20 December and Cook remained south of it for three days , being compelled after reaching 67 \u00b0 31","\u2032 S to stand north again in 135 \u00b0","W ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2096502590392691103","input":"where are neurons found in the human body","passages":[{"title":"Neuron","text":"Although most injury responses include a calcium influx signaling to promote resealing of severed parts , axonal injuries initially lead to acute axonal degeneration , which is rapid separation of the proximal and distal ends within 30 minutes of injury . Degeneration follows with swelling of the axolemma , and eventually leads to bead like formation . Granular disintegration of the axonal cytoskeleton and inner organelles occurs after axolemma degradation . Early changes include accumulation of mitochondria in the paranodal regions at the site of injury . Endoplasmic reticulum degrades and mitochondria swell up and eventually disintegrate . The disintegration is dependent on ubiquitin and calpain proteases ( caused by influx of calcium ion ) , suggesting that axonal degeneration is an active process . Thus the axon undergoes complete fragmentation . The process takes about roughly 24 hrs in the peripheral nervous system ( PNS ) , and longer in the CNS . The signaling pathways leading to axolemma degeneration are currently unknown .","sentences":["Although most injury responses include a calcium influx signaling to promote resealing of severed parts , axonal injuries initially lead to acute axonal degeneration , which is rapid separation of the proximal and distal ends within 30 minutes of injury .","Degeneration follows with swelling of the axolemma , and eventually leads to bead like formation .","Granular disintegration of the axonal cytoskeleton and inner organelles occurs after axolemma degradation .","Early changes include accumulation of mitochondria in the paranodal regions at the site of injury .","Endoplasmic reticulum degrades and mitochondria swell up and eventually disintegrate .","The disintegration is dependent on ubiquitin and calpain proteases ( caused by influx of calcium ion ) , suggesting that axonal degeneration is an active process .","Thus the axon undergoes complete fragmentation .","The process takes about roughly 24 hrs in the peripheral nervous system ( PNS ) , and longer in the CNS .","The signaling pathways leading to axolemma degeneration are currently unknown ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2392199752599378689","input":"a regular show epic final battle part 1","passages":[{"title":"A Regular Epic Final Battle","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article consists almost entirely of a plot summary . It should be expanded to provide more balanced coverage that includes real - world context . Please edit the article to focus on discussing the work rather than merely reiterating the plot . ( March 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article 's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed . Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise . ( March 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( March 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article consists almost entirely of a plot summary .","It should be expanded to provide more balanced coverage that includes real - world context .","Please edit the article to focus on discussing the work rather than merely reiterating the plot .","( March 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article 's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed .","Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise .","( March 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( March 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3351928949835634822","input":"who sang don't believe me just watch","passages":[{"title":"Uptown Funk","text":"The song became the first to crown the Hot 100 and its three main component charts for nine weeks ( the previous record was held by Meghan Trainor 's `` All About That Bass '' , which did so for two weeks ) . By spending a seventh week at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , it became Mars ' longest command at the top position ( among his six number - ones ) . It also became one of the longest running number - one singles in Billboard 's Hot 100 history and also the second longest - running number - one single of the 2010s decade , by topping the chart for 14 consecutive weeks , making it the joint third - longest number - one single in Hot 100 history . This surpassed the previous record set by Robin Thicke with his 2013 single `` Blurred Lines '' , featuring Pharrell Williams and T.I. , which reigned at number one for 12 weeks . After its fourteenth week , it was replaced by Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth 's `` See You Again '' . The song stayed in the top three of the Billboard Hot 100 for 21 weeks , a record previously owned by the 1999 single `` Smooth '' by Santana and Rob Thomas . On 5 June , `` Uptown Funk '' spent a 25th consecutive week inside the US top 5 , equalling the all - time record set by LeAnn Rimes with `` How Do I Live '' in 1997 ( this was surpassed on March 11 , 2017 when `` Closer by The Chainsmokers and Halsey ranked in the top five for a twenty - sixth nonconsecutive week ) . `` Uptown Funk '' spent 31 weeks in the top - 10 , with the run ending in the issue dated 11 July 2015 , the longest - running top - 10 single after aforementioned `` How Do I Live '' as well as `` Closer . '' As of September 2017 , `` Uptown Funk '' has sold 7.8 million copies in the United States .","sentences":["The song became the first to crown the Hot 100 and its three main component charts for nine weeks ( the previous record was held by Meghan Trainor 's `` All About That Bass '' , which did so for two weeks ) .","By spending a seventh week at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , it became Mars ' longest command at the top position ( among his six number - ones ) .","It also became one of the longest running number - one singles in Billboard 's Hot 100 history and also the second longest - running number - one single of the 2010s decade , by topping the chart for 14 consecutive weeks , making it the joint third - longest number - one single in Hot 100 history .","This surpassed the previous record set by Robin Thicke with his 2013 single `` Blurred Lines '' , featuring Pharrell Williams and T.I. , which reigned at number one for 12 weeks .","After its fourteenth week , it was replaced by Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth 's `` See You Again '' .","The song stayed in the top three of the Billboard Hot 100 for 21 weeks , a record previously owned by the 1999 single `` Smooth '' by Santana and Rob Thomas .","On 5 June , `` Uptown Funk '' spent a 25th consecutive week inside the US top 5 , equalling the all - time record set by LeAnn Rimes with `` How Do I Live '' in 1997 ( this was surpassed on March 11 , 2017 when `` Closer by The Chainsmokers and Halsey ranked in the top five for a twenty - sixth nonconsecutive week ) .","`` Uptown Funk '' spent 31 weeks in the top - 10 , with the run ending in the issue dated 11 July 2015 , the longest - running top - 10 single after aforementioned `` How Do I Live '' as well as `` Closer . ''","As of September 2017 , `` Uptown Funk '' has sold 7.8 million copies in the United States ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3449125713072553583","input":"where did the curling term hammer come from","passages":[{"title":"Curling","text":"This rule , a relatively recent addition to curling , was added in response to a strategy of `` peeling '' opponents ' guard stones ( knocking them out of play at an angle that caused the shooter 's stone to also roll out of play , leaving no stones on the ice ) . A team in the lead would often employ this strategy during the game . By knocking all stones out , the opponents could at best score one point ( if they had the hammer ) . Alternatively , the team with the hammer could peel rock after rock , which would blank the end , keeping the last rock advantage for another end . This strategy had developed ( mostly in Canada ) as ice - makers had become skilled at creating a predictable ice surface and the adoption of brushes allowed greater control over the rock . While a sound strategy , this made for an unexciting game . Observers at the time noted that if two teams equally skilled in the peel game faced each other on good ice , the outcome of the game would be predictable from who won the coin flip to have last rock ( or had earned it in the schedule ) at the beginning of the game . The 1990 Brier was considered by many curling fans as boring to watch because of the amount of peeling and the quick adoption of the Free Guard Zone the following year reflected how disliked this aspect of the game had become .","sentences":["This rule , a relatively recent addition to curling , was added in response to a strategy of `` peeling '' opponents ' guard stones ( knocking them out of play at an angle that caused the shooter 's stone to also roll out of play , leaving no stones on the ice ) .","A team in the lead would often employ this strategy during the game .","By knocking all stones out , the opponents could at best score one point ( if they had the hammer ) .","Alternatively , the team with the hammer could peel rock after rock , which would blank the end , keeping the last rock advantage for another end .","This strategy had developed ( mostly in Canada ) as ice - makers had become skilled at creating a predictable ice surface and the adoption of brushes allowed greater control over the rock .","While a sound strategy , this made for an unexciting game .","Observers at the time noted that if two teams equally skilled in the peel game faced each other on good ice , the outcome of the game would be predictable from who won the coin flip to have last rock ( or had earned it in the schedule ) at the beginning of the game .","The 1990 Brier was considered by many curling fans as boring to watch because of the amount of peeling and the quick adoption of the Free Guard Zone the following year reflected how disliked this aspect of the game had become ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7559679959052939955","input":"who sang nothing's gonna change my world","passages":[{"title":"Across the Universe","text":"Artist Release date Album title Notes Cilla Black 000000001970 - 07 - 03 - 0000 3 July 1970 Sweet Inspiration Produced by George Martin David Bowie 000000001975 - 03 - 07 - 0000 7 March 1975 Young Americans Backing vocals and guitar by John Lennon Roger Waters 000000001985 - 06 - 12 - 0000 12 June 1985 - With Andy Fairweather Low ; from a television tribute to John Lennon Vadim Brodski 000000001986 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1986 Beatles Symphony Cyndi Lauper 000000001989 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1989 \/ 000000002009 - 01 - 01 - 0000 2009 ( unreleased ) \/ Across the Universe 2009 Version w \/ Jake Shimabukuro Lana Lane 000000001988 - 11 - 21 - 0000 21 November 1988 Ballad Collection , Vol. 1 Laibach 000000001988 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1988 Let It Be Vocals by Anja Rupel Worlds Apart 000000001994 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1994 ( unreleased ) Recorded for their debut album Together , but never released 10cc 000000001995 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1995 10cc Alive Nikolay Rastorguyev 000000001996 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1996 \/ 000000002007 - 01 - 01 - 0000 2007 \u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0447\u0438 \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435 \/ Birthday ( With Love ) Aine Minogue 000000001997 - 07 - 15 - 0000 15 July 1997 Between the Worlds Celtic version Fiona Apple 000000001998 - 10 - 13 - 0000 13 October 1998 Pleasantville soundtrack Rufus Wainwright 000000002002 - 02 - 12 - 0000 12 February 2002 Poses US Edition bonus track , part of the soundtrack of the film I Am Sam : played in episode 6 of the science fiction TV series `` FlashForward '' : used in 2017 on a television advertisement for a Samsung mobile phone . Verdena 000000002003 - 06 - 05 - 0000 5 June 2003 B - side Ben Allison & Medicine Wheel 000000002004 - 05 - 24 - 0000 24 May 2004 Buzz Kingdom Come 000000002006 - 12 - 20 - 0000 20 December 2006 Ai n't Crying for the Moon Jim Sturgess & Joe Anderson 000000002007 - 09 - 18 - 0000 18 September 2007 Across the Universe soundtrack From the Julie Taymor musical based on Beatles songs . Also the title for the film John Butler Trio 000000002004 - 08 - 24 - 0000 24 August 2004 What You Want Seether 000000002008 - 08 - 05 - 0000 5 August 2008 iTunes Originals -- Seether Justin Mauriello 000000002010 - 02 - 06 - 0000 6 February 2010 Justin Sings the Hits Brian Molko 000000002010 - 07 - 03 - 0000 3 July 2010 Live performance to mark Belgium 's Presidency of European Union . Beady Eye 000000002011 - 04 - 04 - 0000 4 April 2011 Proceeds go to Japanese Tsunami Relief Recorded at RAK studios on 2 April 2011 , performed live at the Japan Disaster Benefit concert on 3 April 2011 , and released as a digital download on 4 April 2011 , with proceeds going to the charity Bill Frisell 000000002011 - 09 - 27 - 0000 27 September 2011 All We Are Saying Released on Savoy Jazz records . Scorpions 000000002011 - 11 - 04 - 0000 4 November 2011 Comeblack Denise Ho 000000002012 - 12 - 06 - 0000 6 December 2012 \u7121 \u81c9 \u4eba \u6f14\u5531 \u6703 Hikaru Utada 000000002010 - 12 - 09 - 0000 9 December 2010 Wild Life ( concert ) Performed during her final concert aka `` Wild Life '' followed by her hiatus . Although the song was not officially recorded , it was included on her Wild Life DVD and Blu - ray release on 3 February 2011 . Chris Hadfield and the Wexford Gleeks 000000002013 - 12 - 06 - 0000 6 December 2013 CBC Sounds of the Season Live performance on CBC Toronto News Curved Air 000000002014 - 03 - 17 - 0000 17 March 2014 North Star Andrew Huang 20 Nov 2014 Comet Made using sounds from Comet 67P \/ Churyumov -- Gerasimenko","sentences":["Artist Release date Album title Notes Cilla Black 000000001970 - 07 - 03 - 0000 3 July 1970 Sweet Inspiration Produced by George Martin David Bowie 000000001975 - 03 - 07 - 0000 7 March 1975 Young Americans Backing vocals and guitar by John Lennon Roger Waters 000000001985 - 06 - 12 - 0000 12 June 1985 - With Andy Fairweather Low ; from a television tribute to John Lennon Vadim Brodski 000000001986 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1986 Beatles Symphony Cyndi Lauper 000000001989 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1989 \/ 000000002009 - 01 - 01 - 0000 2009 ( unreleased ) \/","Across the Universe 2009 Version w \/ Jake Shimabukuro Lana Lane 000000001988 - 11 - 21 - 0000 21 November 1988 Ballad Collection , Vol. 1","Laibach 000000001988 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1988 Let It Be Vocals by Anja Rupel Worlds Apart 000000001994 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1994 ( unreleased ) Recorded for their debut album Together , but never released 10cc 000000001995 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1995 10cc Alive Nikolay Rastorguyev 000000001996 - 01 - 01 - 0000 1996 \/ 000000002007 - 01 - 01 - 0000 2007 \u0427\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0447\u0438 \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435 \/ Birthday ( With Love )","Aine Minogue 000000001997 - 07 - 15 - 0000 15 July 1997 Between the Worlds Celtic version Fiona Apple 000000001998 - 10 - 13 - 0000 13 October 1998 Pleasantville soundtrack Rufus Wainwright 000000002002 - 02 - 12 - 0000 12 February 2002 Poses US Edition bonus track , part of the soundtrack of the film I Am Sam : played in episode 6 of the science fiction TV series `` FlashForward '' : used in 2017 on a television advertisement for a Samsung mobile phone .","Verdena 000000002003 - 06 - 05 - 0000 5 June 2003 B - side Ben Allison & Medicine Wheel 000000002004 - 05 - 24 - 0000 24 May 2004 Buzz Kingdom Come 000000002006 - 12 - 20 - 0000 20 December 2006 Ai n't Crying for the Moon Jim Sturgess & Joe Anderson 000000002007 - 09 - 18 - 0000 18 September 2007","Across the Universe soundtrack From the Julie Taymor musical based on Beatles songs .","Also the title for the film John Butler Trio 000000002004 - 08 - 24 - 0000 24 August 2004","What You Want Seether 000000002008 - 08 - 05 - 0000 5 August 2008 iTunes Originals -- Seether Justin Mauriello 000000002010 - 02 - 06 - 0000 6 February 2010 Justin Sings the Hits Brian Molko 000000002010 - 07 - 03 - 0000 3 July 2010 Live performance to mark Belgium 's Presidency of European Union .","Beady Eye 000000002011 - 04 - 04 - 0000 4 April 2011 Proceeds go to Japanese Tsunami Relief Recorded at RAK studios on 2 April 2011 , performed live at the Japan Disaster Benefit concert on 3 April 2011 , and released as a digital download on 4 April 2011 , with proceeds going to the charity Bill Frisell 000000002011 - 09 - 27 - 0000 27 September 2011","All We Are Saying Released on Savoy Jazz records .","Scorpions 000000002011 - 11 - 04 - 0000 4 November 2011 Comeblack Denise Ho 000000002012 - 12 - 06 - 0000 6 December 2012 \u7121 \u81c9 \u4eba","\u6f14\u5531","\u6703","Hikaru Utada 000000002010 - 12 - 09 - 0000 9 December 2010 Wild Life ( concert ) Performed during her final concert aka `` Wild Life '' followed by her hiatus .","Although the song was not officially recorded , it was included on her Wild Life DVD and Blu - ray release on 3 February 2011 .","Chris Hadfield and the Wexford Gleeks 000000002013 - 12 - 06 - 0000 6 December 2013 CBC Sounds of the Season Live performance on CBC Toronto News Curved Air 000000002014 - 03 - 17 - 0000 17 March 2014 North Star Andrew Huang 20 Nov 2014 Comet Made using sounds from Comet 67P \/ Churyumov -- Gerasimenko"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8857521941214005610","input":"where does ranma 1\/2 anime end in manga","passages":[{"title":"Ranma \u00bd","text":"Soun Tendo is a fellow practitioner of Musabetsu Kakut\u014d Ry\u016b ( \u7121 \u5dee\u5225 \u683c\u95d8 \u6d41 ) or `` Anything - Goes School '' of martial arts and owner of a dojo . Genma and Soun agreed years ago that their children would marry and carry on the Tendo Dojo . Soun has three teenaged daughters : the polite and easygoing Kasumi , the greedy and indifferent Nabiki and the short - tempered , martial arts practicing Akane . Akane , who is Ranma 's age , is appointed for bridal duty by her sisters with the reasoning that they are the older sisters and can dump the duty on her , and that they all dislike the arranged engagement and think Akane 's dislike of men is the right way to express it to the fathers . At the appointed time they are surprised when a panda comes in and puts a girl in front of their father . The Tendo girls all laugh . It takes several more pages for the situation to be explained to Soun Tendo and his daughters . Both Ranma and Akane refuse the engagement initially , having not been consulted on the decision , but the fathers are insistent and they are generally treated as betrothed and end up helping or saving each other on some occasions . They are frequently found in each other 's company and are constantly arguing in their trademark awkward love - hate manner that is a franchise focus .","sentences":["Soun Tendo is a fellow practitioner of Musabetsu Kakut\u014d Ry\u016b ( \u7121 \u5dee\u5225 \u683c\u95d8 \u6d41 ) or `` Anything - Goes School '' of martial arts and owner of a dojo .","Genma and Soun agreed years ago that their children would marry and carry on the Tendo Dojo .","Soun has three teenaged daughters : the polite and easygoing Kasumi , the greedy and indifferent Nabiki and the short - tempered , martial arts practicing Akane .","Akane , who is Ranma 's age , is appointed for bridal duty by her sisters with the reasoning that they are the older sisters and can dump the duty on her , and that they all dislike the arranged engagement and think Akane 's dislike of men is the right way to express it to the fathers .","At the appointed time they are surprised when a panda comes in and puts a girl in front of their father .","The Tendo girls all laugh .","It takes several more pages for the situation to be explained to Soun Tendo and his daughters .","Both Ranma and Akane refuse the engagement initially , having not been consulted on the decision , but the fathers are insistent and they are generally treated as betrothed and end up helping or saving each other on some occasions .","They are frequently found in each other 's company and are constantly arguing in their trademark awkward love - hate manner that is a franchise focus ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"753871198758554078","input":"who did the rams lose to in 2017","passages":[{"title":"2017 Los Angeles Rams season","text":"show Game information First quarter LAR -- Todd Gurley 3 - yard pass from Jared Goff ( kick failed ) , 8 : 54 . Rams 6 -- 0 . Drive : 4 plays , 53 yards , 2 : 07 . TEN -- Ryan Succop 25 - yard field goal , 1 : 13 . Rams 6 -- 3 . Drive : 14 plays , 62 yards , 7 : 41 . Second quarter TEN -- Wesley Woodyard 4 - yard fumble return ( Ryan Succop kick ) , 5 : 20 . Titans 10 -- 6 . LAR -- Todd Gurley 80 - yard pass from Jared Goff ( Sam Ficken kick ) , 4 : 24 . Rams 13 -- 10 . Drive : 2 plays , 79 yards , 0 : 56 . TEN -- Ryan Succop 37 - yard field goal , 0 : 19 . Tied 13 -- 13 . Drive : 11 plays , 56 yards , 4 : 05 . Third quarter LAR -- Sammy Watkins 3 - yard pass from Jared Goff ( Sam Ficken kick ) , 6 : 40 . Rams 20 -- 13 . Drive : 7 plays , 65 yards , 2 : 57 . TEN -- DeMarco Murray 6 - yard run ( Ryan Succop kick ) , 4 : 23 . Tied 20 -- 20 . Drive : 5 plays , 44 yards , 2 : 17 . Fourth quarter TEN -- Ryan Succop 27 - yard field goal , 14 : 46 . Titans 23 -- 20 . Drive : 9 plays , 64 yards , 3 : 40 . LAR -- Cooper Kupp 14 - yard pass from Jared Goff ( Sam Ficken kick ) , 11 : 51 . Rams 27 -- 23 . Drive : 6 plays , 68 yards , 2 : 55 . Top passers LAR -- Jared Goff -- 22 \/ 38 , 301 yards , 4 TD TEN -- Marcus Mariota -- 22 \/ 39 , 275 yards , INT Top rushers LAR -- Todd Gurley -- 22 carries , 118 yards TEN -- DeMarco Murray -- 15 carries , 48 yards , TD Top receivers LAR -- Todd Gurley -- 10 receptions , 158 yards , 2 TD TEN -- Corey Davis -- 6 receptions , 91 yards Top tacklers LAR -- Aaron Donald TEN --","sentences":["show Game information First quarter LAR -- Todd Gurley 3 - yard pass from Jared Goff ( kick failed ) , 8 : 54 .","Rams 6 -- 0 .","Drive : 4 plays , 53 yards , 2 : 07 .","TEN -- Ryan Succop 25 - yard field goal , 1 : 13 .","Rams 6 -- 3 .","Drive : 14 plays , 62 yards , 7 : 41 .","Second quarter TEN -- Wesley Woodyard 4 - yard fumble return ( Ryan Succop kick ) , 5 : 20 .","Titans 10 -- 6 .","LAR -- Todd Gurley 80 - yard pass from Jared Goff ( Sam Ficken kick ) , 4 : 24 .","Rams 13 -- 10 .","Drive : 2 plays , 79 yards , 0 :","56 .","TEN -- Ryan Succop 37 - yard field goal , 0 : 19 .","Tied 13 -- 13 .","Drive : 11 plays , 56 yards , 4 : 05 .","Third quarter LAR -- Sammy Watkins 3 - yard pass from Jared Goff ( Sam Ficken kick ) , 6 : 40 .","Rams 20 -- 13 .","Drive : 7 plays , 65 yards , 2 : 57 .","TEN -- DeMarco Murray 6 - yard run ( Ryan Succop kick ) , 4 : 23 .","Tied 20 -- 20 .","Drive : 5 plays , 44 yards , 2 : 17 .","Fourth quarter TEN -- Ryan Succop 27 - yard field goal , 14 : 46 .","Titans 23 -- 20 .","Drive : 9 plays , 64 yards , 3 : 40 .","LAR -- Cooper Kupp 14 - yard pass from Jared Goff ( Sam Ficken kick ) , 11 : 51 .","Rams 27 -- 23 .","Drive : 6 plays , 68 yards , 2 : 55 .","Top passers LAR -- Jared Goff -- 22 \/ 38 , 301 yards , 4 TD TEN -- Marcus Mariota -- 22 \/ 39 , 275 yards , INT Top rushers LAR -- Todd Gurley -- 22 carries , 118 yards TEN -- DeMarco Murray -- 15 carries , 48 yards , TD Top receivers LAR -- Todd Gurley -- 10 receptions , 158 yards , 2 TD TEN -- Corey Davis -- 6 receptions , 91 yards Top tacklers LAR -- Aaron Donald TEN --"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5244984933076650795","input":"when does teru find out who daisy is","passages":[{"title":"Dengeki Daisy","text":"A 24 - year - old young man working as the school janitor . Kurosaki is often depicted smoking his favorite brand Philip Morris , drinking , and participating in violent acts . Despite his unpleasant attitude , he cares deeply for Teru , acting toward her with genuine kindness , and is extremely protective of her . Teru is initially unaware that Kurosaki is also DAISY , a computer hacker who worked with her brother , Souichirou , and has been entrusted with looking after her . He is described by Teru 's friends to be very attractive , though he does not generally display his emotions . Much to his chagrin , he is often jokingly described as a pervert and a lolicon by his friends , as it is established among his closer companions that he has strong romantic feelings for Teru . Kurosaki has made it his mission to care for Teru on the request of his dying friend , Souichirou , though recently he has chosen to protect her as his true self also . Despite his strong feelings for her , Kurosaki believes that he has no right to love Teru as he is `` the one that led her brother to his death . '' Throughout the manga he struggles between his feelings towards her and his own conflicting memories regarding his complicated past as a hacker .","sentences":["A 24 - year - old young man working as the school janitor .","Kurosaki is often depicted smoking his favorite brand Philip Morris , drinking , and participating in violent acts .","Despite his unpleasant attitude , he cares deeply for Teru , acting toward her with genuine kindness , and is extremely protective of her .","Teru is initially unaware that Kurosaki is also DAISY , a computer hacker who worked with her brother , Souichirou , and has been entrusted with looking after her .","He is described by Teru 's friends to be very attractive , though he does not generally display his emotions .","Much to his chagrin , he is often jokingly described as a pervert and a lolicon by his friends , as it is established among his closer companions that he has strong romantic feelings for Teru .","Kurosaki has made it his mission to care for Teru on the request of his dying friend , Souichirou , though recently he has chosen to protect her as his true self also .","Despite his strong feelings for her , Kurosaki believes that he has no right to love Teru as he is `` the one that led her brother to his death . ''","Throughout the manga he struggles between his feelings towards her and his own conflicting memories regarding his complicated past as a hacker ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4043699678351799234","input":"who is on the cover of band on the run","passages":[{"title":"Band on the Run","text":"The group established a routine of recording during the week and playing tourist on the weekends . Paul temporarily joined a local country club , where he would spend most mornings . The band would be driven to the studio in the early afternoon where recording would last into the late evening and sometimes early morning . To make up for the departed band members , Paul would play drums and lead guitar parts with Denny playing rhythm guitar and Linda adding keyboards . The first track they recorded at Apapa was `` Mamunia '' , the title for which McCartney appropriated from the name of a hotel in Marrakesh where Wings had stayed in April 1973 . It","sentences":["The group established a routine of recording during the week and playing tourist on the weekends .","Paul temporarily joined a local country club , where he would spend most mornings .","The band would be driven to the studio in the early afternoon where recording would last into the late evening and sometimes early morning .","To make up for the departed band members , Paul would play drums and lead guitar parts with Denny playing rhythm guitar and Linda adding keyboards .","The first track they recorded at Apapa was `` Mamunia '' , the title for which McCartney appropriated from the name of a hotel in Marrakesh where Wings had stayed in April 1973 .","It"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7307200161125102176","input":"what type of music is popular in the netherlands","passages":[{"title":"Music of the Netherlands","text":"Willem Pijper ( 1894 -- 1947 ) is generally considered one of the most important figures in modern Dutch music . Between 1918 and 1922 he grew into one of the more advanced composers in Europe . In each successive work he went a step further and , from 1919 , Pijper 's music can be described as atonal . However , Pijper remained a composer of strong emotional character , to which his Third Symphony ( 1926 ) bears witness . In Pijper 's later works the harmonic expression seems at times to approach monotonality . As a teacher Pijper had a great influence on modern Dutch music , teaching many prominent Dutch composers of the 1950s , 60s , and 70s . He was senior master of instrumentation in the Amsterdam Conservatoire , and from 1930 until his death in 1947 he was Head of the Rotterdam Conservatoire .","sentences":["Willem Pijper ( 1894 -- 1947 ) is generally considered one of the most important figures in modern Dutch music .","Between 1918 and 1922 he grew into one of the more advanced composers in Europe .","In each successive work he went a step further and , from 1919 , Pijper 's music can be described as atonal .","However , Pijper remained a composer of strong emotional character , to which his Third Symphony ( 1926 ) bears witness .","In Pijper 's later works the harmonic expression seems at times to approach monotonality .","As a teacher Pijper had a great influence on modern Dutch music , teaching many prominent Dutch composers of the 1950s , 60s , and 70s .","He was senior master of instrumentation in the Amsterdam Conservatoire , and from 1930 until his death in 1947 he was Head of the Rotterdam Conservatoire ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1407439244189795903","input":"what were the causes of european exploration of africa in the 19th century","passages":[{"title":"European exploration of Africa","text":"Africa is named for the Afri people who settled in the area of current - day Tunisia . The Roman province of Africa spanned the Mediterranean coast of what is now Libya , Tunisia and Algeria . The parts of North Africa north of the Sahara were well known in antiquity . Prior to the 2nd century BC , however , Greek geographers were unaware that the land mass then known as Libya expanded south of the Sahara , assuming that the desert bounded on the outer Ocean . Indeed , Alexander the Great , according to Plutarchus ' Lives , considered sailing from the mouths of the Indus back to Macedonia passing south of Africa as a shortcut compared to the land route . Even Eratosthenes around 200 BC still assumed an extent of the landmass no further south than the Horn of Africa .","sentences":["Africa is named for the Afri people who settled in the area of current - day Tunisia .","The Roman province of Africa spanned the Mediterranean coast of what is now Libya , Tunisia and Algeria .","The parts of North Africa north of the Sahara were well known in antiquity .","Prior to the 2nd century BC , however , Greek geographers were unaware that the land mass then known as Libya expanded south of the Sahara , assuming that the desert bounded on the outer Ocean .","Indeed , Alexander the Great , according to Plutarchus ' Lives , considered sailing from the mouths of the Indus back to Macedonia passing south of Africa as a shortcut compared to the land route .","Even Eratosthenes around 200 BC still assumed an extent of the landmass no further south than the Horn of Africa ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8740648178353149057","input":"who was the first person to successfully lead a team to complete a transantarctic crossing by land","passages":[{"title":"History of Antarctica","text":"A long detour to 47 \u00b0 50 \u2032 S served to show that there was no land connection between New Zealand and Tierra del Fuego . Turning south again , Cook crossed the Antarctic Circle for the third time at 109 \u00b0 30 \u2032 W before his progress was once again blocked by ice four days later at 71 \u00b0 10 \u2032 S by 106 \u00b0 54 \u2032 W . This point , reached on 30 January 1774 , was the farthest south attained in the 18th century . With a great detour to the east , almost to the coast of South America , the expedition regained Tahiti for refreshment . In November 1774 , Cook started from New Zealand and crossed the South Pacific without sighting land between 53 \u00b0 and 57 \u00b0 S to Tierra del Fuego ; then , passing Cape Horn on 29 December , he rediscovered Roch\u00e9 Island renaming it Isle of Georgia , and discovered the South Sandwich Islands ( named Sandwich Land by him ) , the only ice - clad land he had seen , before crossing the South Atlantic to the Cape of Good Hope between 55 \u00b0 and 60 \u00b0 . He thereby laid open the way for future Antarctic exploration by exploding the myth of a habitable southern continent . Cook 's most southerly discovery of land lay on the temperate side of the 60th parallel , and he convinced himself that if land lay farther south it was practically inaccessible and of no economic value .","sentences":["A long detour to 47 \u00b0 50 \u2032 S served to show that there was no land connection between New Zealand and Tierra del Fuego .","Turning south again , Cook crossed the Antarctic Circle for the third time at 109 \u00b0 30 \u2032 W before his progress was once again blocked by ice four days later at 71 \u00b0 10 \u2032 S by 106 \u00b0 54","\u2032 W .","This point , reached on 30 January 1774 , was the farthest south attained in the 18th century .","With a great detour to the east , almost to the coast of South America , the expedition regained Tahiti for refreshment .","In November 1774 , Cook started from New Zealand and crossed the South Pacific without sighting land between 53 \u00b0 and 57 \u00b0 S to Tierra del Fuego ; then , passing Cape Horn on 29 December , he rediscovered Roch\u00e9 Island renaming it Isle of Georgia , and discovered the South Sandwich Islands ( named Sandwich Land by him ) , the only ice - clad land he had seen , before crossing the South Atlantic to the Cape of Good Hope between 55 \u00b0 and 60 \u00b0 .","He thereby laid open the way for future Antarctic exploration by exploding the myth of a habitable southern continent .","Cook 's most southerly discovery of land lay on the temperate side of the 60th parallel , and he convinced himself that if land lay farther south it was practically inaccessible and of no economic value ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5613191208370418975","input":"the wto agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (trips)","passages":[{"title":"TRIPS Agreement","text":"Copyright terms must extend at least 50 years , unless based on the life of the author . ( Art . 12 and 14 ) Copyright must be granted automatically , and not based upon any `` formality , '' such as registrations , as specified in the Berne Convention . ( Art . 9 ) Computer programs must be regarded as `` literary works '' under copyright law and receive the same terms of protection . National exceptions to copyright ( such as `` fair use '' in the United States ) are constrained by the Berne three - step test Patents must be granted for `` inventions '' in all `` fields of technology '' provided they meet all other patentability requirements ( although exceptions for certain public interests are allowed ( Art. 27.2 and 27.3 ) and must be enforceable for at least 20 years ( Art 33 ) . Exceptions to exclusive rights must be limited , provided that a normal exploitation of the work ( Art . 13 ) and normal exploitation of the patent ( Art 30 ) is not in conflict . No unreasonable prejudice to the legitimate interests of the right holders of computer programs and patents is allowed . Legitimate interests of third parties have to be taken into account by patent rights ( Art 30 ) . In each state , intellectual property laws may not offer any benefits to local citizens which are not available to citizens of other TRIPS signatories under the principle of national treatment ( with certain limited exceptions , Art . 3 and 5 ) . TRIPS also has a most favored nation clause .","sentences":["Copyright terms must extend at least 50 years , unless based on the life of the author .","( Art . 12 and 14 )","Copyright must be granted automatically , and not based upon any `` formality , '' such as registrations , as specified in the Berne Convention .","( Art .","9 )","Computer programs must be regarded as `` literary works '' under copyright law and receive the same terms of protection .","National exceptions to copyright ( such as `` fair use '' in the United States ) are constrained by the Berne three - step test Patents must be granted for `` inventions '' in all `` fields of technology '' provided they meet all other patentability requirements ( although exceptions for certain public interests are allowed ( Art. 27.2 and 27.3 ) and must be enforceable for at least 20 years ( Art 33 ) .","Exceptions to exclusive rights must be limited , provided that a normal exploitation of the work ( Art . 13 ) and normal exploitation of the patent ( Art 30 ) is not in conflict .","No unreasonable prejudice to the legitimate interests of the right holders of computer programs and patents is allowed .","Legitimate interests of third parties have to be taken into account by patent rights ( Art 30 ) .","In each state , intellectual property laws may not offer any benefits to local citizens which are not available to citizens of other TRIPS signatories under the principle of national treatment ( with certain limited exceptions , Art .","3 and 5 ) .","TRIPS also has a most favored nation clause ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8789438184476169486","input":"when did the moderates and the radicals of the congress reunited","passages":[{"title":"Surat Split","text":"Moderates believed in the policy of settlement of minor issues with the government by deliberations . But the extremists believed in agitation , strikes and boycotts to force their demands . Some nationalists led by Lokmanya Tilak agitated against the moderate behaviour of congress against British rule . The split between these two sections became outward at the end of Banaras Session of congress ( 1905 ) . Lokmanya Tilak and his followers held a separate conference and declared the formation of the Extremist Party . However they decided to work as a part of the Indian National Congress . Difference between moderates and extremists further widened in Calcutta Session of congress ( 1906 ) and there were attempts between them to elect one of them as the president of congress . The moderates opposed the resolutions on Swaraj , Swadeshi , Boycott of foreign goods and National Education and requested to withdraw from the policy laid down in the Calcutta session . But the extremists were not ready to do so .","sentences":["Moderates believed in the policy of settlement of minor issues with the government by deliberations .","But the extremists believed in agitation , strikes and boycotts to force their demands .","Some nationalists led by Lokmanya Tilak agitated against the moderate behaviour of congress against British rule .","The split between these two sections became outward at the end of Banaras Session of congress ( 1905 ) .","Lokmanya Tilak and his followers held a separate conference and declared the formation of the Extremist Party .","However they decided to work as a part of the Indian National Congress .","Difference between moderates and extremists further widened in Calcutta Session of congress ( 1906 ) and there were attempts between them to elect one of them as the president of congress .","The moderates opposed the resolutions on Swaraj , Swadeshi , Boycott of foreign goods and National Education and requested to withdraw from the policy laid down in the Calcutta session .","But the extremists were not ready to do so ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1088019862991701872","input":"what is the book the giver about summary","passages":[{"title":"The Giver","text":"Jeff Bridges has said he had wanted to make the film for nearly 20 years , and originally wanted to direct it with his father Lloyd Bridges in the title role . The elder Bridges ' 1998 death cancelled that plan and the film languished in development hell for another 15 years . Warner Bros. bought the rights in 2007 and the film adaptation was finally given the green light in December 2012 . Jeff Bridges plays the title character with Brenton Thwaites in the role of Jonas . Meryl Streep , Katie Holmes , Odeya Rush , Cameron Monaghan , Alexander Skarsg\u00e5rd and Taylor Swift round out the rest of the main cast . It was released in North America on August 15 , 2014 .","sentences":["Jeff Bridges has said he had wanted to make the film for nearly 20 years , and originally wanted to direct it with his father Lloyd Bridges in the title role .","The elder Bridges ' 1998 death cancelled that plan and the film languished in development hell for another 15 years .","Warner Bros. bought the rights in 2007 and the film adaptation was finally given the green light in December 2012 .","Jeff Bridges plays the title character with Brenton Thwaites in the role of Jonas .","Meryl Streep , Katie Holmes , Odeya Rush , Cameron Monaghan , Alexander Skarsg\u00e5rd and Taylor Swift round out the rest of the main cast .","It was released in North America on August 15 , 2014 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2073984546751028516","input":"the long walk stephen king chapter 1 summary","passages":[{"title":"The Long Walk","text":"By the morning of the fifth day , the Walk has progressed into Massachusetts , the first time in 17 years that it has done so . There are only seven Walkers left . Earlier , Stebbins revealed to Garraty and McVries that he is the illegitimate son of the Major . Stebbins states he used to think the Major was unaware of his existence , but it turns out that the Major has numerous illegitimate children nationwide . Four years earlier , the Major took Stebbins to the finish of a Long Walk ; now Stebbins feels that the Major has set him up to be `` the rabbit '' , motivating others to walk farther to prolong the race , just as rabbits are used in dog races . Stebbins ' plan , upon winning the Walk , is to ask to be `` taken into ( his ) father 's house '' as his Prize . Finally , Garraty decides to give up after realizing that Stebbins has shown almost no weaknesses over the duration of the Walk . Garraty catches up with Stebbins to tell him this , but before he can speak , Stebbins collapses and dies ; thus Garraty is declared the winner .","sentences":["By the morning of the fifth day , the Walk has progressed into Massachusetts , the first time in 17 years that it has done so .","There are only seven Walkers left .","Earlier , Stebbins revealed to Garraty and McVries that he is the illegitimate son of the Major .","Stebbins states he used to think the Major was unaware of his existence , but it turns out that the Major has numerous illegitimate children nationwide .","Four years earlier , the Major took Stebbins to the finish of a Long Walk ; now Stebbins feels that the Major has set him up to be `` the rabbit '' , motivating others to walk farther to prolong the race , just as rabbits are used in dog races .","Stebbins ' plan , upon winning the Walk , is to ask to be `` taken into ( his ) father 's house '' as his Prize .","Finally , Garraty decides to give up after realizing that Stebbins has shown almost no weaknesses over the duration of the Walk .","Garraty catches up with Stebbins to tell him this , but before he can speak , Stebbins collapses and dies ; thus Garraty is declared the winner ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8980999339356970648","input":"who is the red guy in avengers ultron","passages":[{"title":"Vision (Marvel Comics)","text":"A bloodthirsty and arrogant version of Vision was a member of the Exiles ' counterpart Weapon X . This Vision was very single minded in completing their murderous missions . He had a habit of pointing out to his teammates that he would survive many attacks that could kill them . He was able to single - handedly hold off the entire Exiles himself before being incapacitated and damaged by advanced Nimrod Sentinels on a parallel Earth dominated by the mutant hunting robots . Despite the damage inflicted by the Sentinels he continued to serve on several more Weapon X missions . Ultimately Vision was blasted into pieces by King Hyperion when he refused to join Hyperion in his plan to conquer one of the many parallel earths . Although briefly left alive in pieces Vision was finally killed when a huge asteroid , launched by that world 's Magneto , struck the Earth and destroyed both the planet and Vision .","sentences":["A bloodthirsty and arrogant version of Vision was a member of the Exiles ' counterpart Weapon X .","This Vision was very single minded in completing their murderous missions .","He had a habit of pointing out to his teammates that he would survive many attacks that could kill them .","He was able to single - handedly hold off the entire Exiles himself before being incapacitated and damaged by advanced Nimrod Sentinels on a parallel Earth dominated by the mutant hunting robots .","Despite the damage inflicted by the Sentinels he continued to serve on several more Weapon X missions .","Ultimately Vision was blasted into pieces by King Hyperion when he refused to join Hyperion in his plan to conquer one of the many parallel earths .","Although briefly left alive in pieces Vision was finally killed when a huge asteroid , launched by that world 's Magneto , struck the Earth and destroyed both the planet and Vision ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4437202803799870133","input":"where are the balkans and what countries occupy this region","passages":[{"title":"Balkans","text":"Internet TLD . al . ba . bg . hr . gr . mk . me . ro . rs . si . tr","sentences":["Internet TLD .","al .","ba .","bg .","hr .","gr .","mk .","me .","ro .","rs .","si .","tr"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4462238038869360631","input":"what inscription is below the american flag at the korean memorial","passages":[{"title":"Korean War Veterans Memorial","text":"Korean War Veterans Memorial U.S. National Register of Historic Places Aerial view of the Korean War Veterans Memorial Show map of Central Washington , D.C. Show map of the District of Columbia Show map of the US Show all Location SE of Lincoln Memorial , off Independence Ave. , Washington DC Coordinates 38 \u00b0 53 \u2032 16 '' N 77 \u00b0 2 \u2032 50 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.88778 \u00b0 N 77.04722 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.88778 ; - 77.04722 Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 53 \u2032 16 '' N 77 \u00b0 2 \u2032 50 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.88778 \u00b0 N 77.04722 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.88778 ; - 77.04722 Area 2.20 acres ( 0.89 ha ) Visitation 3,214,467 ( 2005 ) Website Korean War Veterans Memorial NRHP reference # 01000273 Added to NRHP July 27 , 1995","sentences":["Korean War Veterans Memorial U.S. National Register of Historic Places Aerial view of the Korean War Veterans Memorial Show map of Central Washington , D.C. Show map of the District of Columbia Show map of the US Show all Location SE of Lincoln Memorial , off Independence Ave. , Washington DC Coordinates 38 \u00b0 53 \u2032 16 ''","N 77 \u00b0 2 \u2032 50 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.88778 \u00b0 N 77.04722 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.88778 ; - 77.04722 Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 53 \u2032 16 ''","N 77 \u00b0 2 \u2032 50 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.88778 \u00b0 N 77.04722 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.88778 ; - 77.04722 Area 2.20 acres ( 0.89 ha ) Visitation 3,214,467 ( 2005 )","Website Korean War Veterans Memorial NRHP reference # 01000273 Added to NRHP July 27 , 1995"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1740845256701712171","input":"when does nate find out about chuck and blair","passages":[{"title":"The Thin Line Between Chuck and Nate","text":"Meanwhile , Dan attempts to say a proper `` I love you '' by having a romantic picnic in the park , only to get derailed when Serena 's English paper gets blown away . Everyone see the news about Blair when school lets out . Nate initially believes that it must be a lie , but Jenny , who overheard Serena 's conversation with Dan the previous night , tells him the truth . Nate gets into a fight with Chuck over the whole thing , then tells Blair he wants nothing to do with her . She is quickly overthrown as the queen bee , with Jenny joining the popular group . Serena asks Dan if he told Jenny anything relating to Blair , so he says he would n't do something like that to her because he loves her .","sentences":["Meanwhile , Dan attempts to say a proper `` I love you '' by having a romantic picnic in the park , only to get derailed when Serena 's English paper gets blown away .","Everyone see the news about Blair when school lets out .","Nate initially believes that it must be a lie , but Jenny , who overheard Serena 's conversation with Dan the previous night , tells him the truth .","Nate gets into a fight with Chuck over the whole thing , then tells Blair he wants nothing to do with her .","She is quickly overthrown as the queen bee , with Jenny joining the popular group .","Serena asks Dan if he told Jenny anything relating to Blair , so he says he would n't do something like that to her because he loves her ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7158012011912245619","input":"when was the first hockey game ever played","passages":[{"title":"First indoor ice hockey game","text":"In 2002 , the International Ice Hockey Federation ( IIHF ) announced that it would acknowledge the site of Victoria Rink with `` a commemorative plaque or other historical site marker to remind the passers - by of the existence of the Victoria Skating Rink , the birthplace of organized hockey . '' The commemoration has been marked in two ways . On May 22 , 2008 , a commemorative plaque was dedicated at the nearby Centre Bell , along with a plaque honouring James Creighton . Further , the IIHF created the Victoria Cup , a trophy named for the arena , for which -- along with 1 million Swiss francs -- one National Hockey League team and the champion of the European Champions Hockey League play off annually . The first Cup match was held in Berne , Switzerland on October 1 , 2008 between the New York Rangers and the Metallurg Magnitogorsk . The next , and last , edition of the Victoria Cup was held in Zurich on September 29 , 2009 , between the ZSC Lions and the Chicago Blackhawks .","sentences":["In 2002 , the International Ice Hockey Federation ( IIHF ) announced that it would acknowledge the site of Victoria Rink with `` a commemorative plaque or other historical site marker to remind the passers - by of the existence of the Victoria Skating Rink , the birthplace of organized hockey . ''","The commemoration has been marked in two ways .","On May 22 , 2008 , a commemorative plaque was dedicated at the nearby Centre Bell , along with a plaque honouring James Creighton .","Further , the IIHF created the Victoria Cup , a trophy named for the arena , for which -- along with 1 million Swiss francs -- one National Hockey League team and the champion of the European Champions Hockey League play off annually .","The first Cup match was held in Berne , Switzerland on October 1 , 2008 between the New York Rangers and the Metallurg Magnitogorsk .","The next , and last , edition of the Victoria Cup was held in Zurich on September 29 , 2009 , between the ZSC Lions and the Chicago Blackhawks ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5894761986231205263","input":"polaris consultancy and services limited chennai tamil nadu","passages":[{"title":"Polaris Consulting & Services Limited","text":"In December 2002 , The chairman of the company Arun Jain and Sr Vice President Rajiv Malhotra were detained by Indonesian police over commercial Dispute with a local bank Artha Graha on fraud charges . Jain and Malhotra were released by the police after major diplomatic intervention by Indian government . In October 2012 , Market regulator SEBI barred Polaris Software Labs 's CMD Arun Jain from securities market for a period of two years for insider trading in the company 's shares . SEBI had charged him with trading in the stock on the basis of ' unpublished price sensitive information ' relating to a proposed acquisition by the firm . SEBI found that Polaris Software Lab had called off the proposed acquisition of Data Inc , after due diligence , in the second week of September , 2000 but had informed the concerned stock exchanges on 30 September 2000 . Jain dealt in 15,080 shares of the company on behalf of Polaris Holding Private Ltd ( PHPL ) on the basis of ' unpublished price sensitive information ' held by him and had made unfair gains to the tune of Rs 27.26 lakh . During the relevant time , PHPL was one of the promoters entity of Polaris Software Labs and Jain was one of the directors of PHPL . However , in November 2012 , Madras High Court today stayed a SEBI order which had barred Polaris Financial Technology CMD Arun Jain from operating in securities market for a period of two years for alleged insider trading in the company 's shares .","sentences":["In December 2002 , The chairman of the company Arun Jain and Sr Vice President Rajiv Malhotra were detained by Indonesian police over commercial Dispute with a local bank Artha Graha on fraud charges .","Jain and Malhotra were released by the police after major diplomatic intervention by Indian government .","In October 2012 , Market regulator SEBI barred Polaris Software Labs 's CMD Arun Jain from securities market for a period of two years for insider trading in the company 's shares .","SEBI had charged him with trading in the stock on the basis of ' unpublished price sensitive information ' relating to a proposed acquisition by the firm .","SEBI found that Polaris Software Lab had called off the proposed acquisition of Data Inc , after due diligence , in the second week of September , 2000 but had informed the concerned stock exchanges on 30 September 2000 .","Jain dealt in 15,080 shares of the company on behalf of Polaris Holding Private Ltd ( PHPL ) on the basis of ' unpublished price sensitive information ' held by him and had made unfair gains to the tune of Rs 27.26 lakh .","During the relevant time , PHPL was one of the promoters entity of Polaris Software Labs and Jain was one of the directors of PHPL .","However , in November 2012 , Madras High Court today stayed a SEBI order which had barred Polaris Financial Technology CMD Arun Jain from operating in securities market for a period of two years for alleged insider trading in the company 's shares ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3527588078263262035","input":"who heard voices which told her to help the french to fight against the english","passages":[{"title":"Joan of Arc","text":"The young Charles of Orl\u00e9ans succeeded his father as duke and was placed in the custody of his father - in - law , the Count of Armagnac . Their faction became known as the `` Armagnac '' faction , and the opposing party led by the Duke of Burgundy was called the `` Burgundian faction '' . Henry V of England took advantage of these internal divisions when he invaded the kingdom in 1415 , winning a dramatic victory at Agincourt on 25 October and subsequently capturing many northern French towns . In 1418 Paris was taken by the Burgundians , who massacred the Count of Armagnac and about 2,500 of his followers . The future French king , Charles VII , assumed the title of Dauphin -- the heir to the throne -- at the age of fourteen , after all four of his older brothers had died in succession . His first significant official act was to conclude a peace treaty with the Duke of Burgundy in 1419 . This ended in disaster when Armagnac partisans assassinated John the Fearless during a meeting under Charles 's guarantee of protection . The new duke of Burgundy , Philip the Good , blamed Charles for the murder and entered into an alliance with the English . The allied forces conquered large sections of France .","sentences":["The young Charles of Orl\u00e9ans succeeded his father as duke and was placed in the custody of his father - in - law , the Count of Armagnac .","Their faction became known as the `` Armagnac '' faction , and the opposing party led by the Duke of Burgundy was called the `` Burgundian faction '' .","Henry V of England took advantage of these internal divisions when he invaded the kingdom in 1415 , winning a dramatic victory at Agincourt on 25 October and subsequently capturing many northern French towns .","In 1418 Paris was taken by the Burgundians , who massacred the Count of Armagnac and about 2,500 of his followers .","The future French king , Charles VII , assumed the title of Dauphin -- the heir to the throne -- at the age of fourteen , after all four of his older brothers had died in succession .","His first significant official act was to conclude a peace treaty with the Duke of Burgundy in 1419 .","This ended in disaster when Armagnac partisans assassinated John the Fearless during a meeting under Charles 's guarantee of protection .","The new duke of Burgundy , Philip the Good , blamed Charles for the murder and entered into an alliance with the English .","The allied forces conquered large sections of France ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"490499119293987514","input":"why do vladimir and estragon wait for godot","passages":[{"title":"Waiting for Godot","text":"It is a game , everything is a game . When all four of them are lying on the ground , that can not be handled naturalistically . That has got to be done artificially , balletically . Otherwise everything becomes an imitation , an imitation of reality ( ... ) . It should become clear and transparent , not dry . It is a game in order to survive . ''","sentences":["It is a game , everything is a game .","When all four of them are lying on the ground , that can not be handled naturalistically .","That has got to be done artificially , balletically .","Otherwise everything becomes an imitation , an imitation of reality ( ... ) .","It should become clear and transparent , not dry .","It is a game in order to survive . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"643004701835070207","input":"where does a spark plug get its spark","passages":[{"title":"Spark plug","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( July 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Spark","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article possibly contains original research .","Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .","Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .","( July 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( May 2015 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Spark"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"527122707733810314","input":"tu suraj main saanjh piyaji all actors name","passages":[{"title":"Tu Sooraj, Main Saanjh Piyaji","text":"Saras ( Uma 's sister ) meanwhile suffers an unfortunate miscarriage , and seeing Uma 's grief over the matter Kanak with the help of Aditya launches a Bike Ambulance so that every emergency patient gets admitted to the hospital as quickly as possible . But this noble idea creates many enemies for Uma and Kanak from the very outset and Dr. Parag , Dean of Pratistha Medical College joins hands with Maasi Saa to cancel Uma 's license so that he can use the idea to flourish his own Medical College and take the credit wholly upon himself . Kanak decides to study Paramedicals and become a doctor herself to save the license from being cancelled and that no one can label her as amateur when she treats any patient . After facing several hurdles and hindrances in the college set up by Dr. Parag himself , she at last succeeds in removing the mask out of Dr. Parag 's face , unveiling his true nature in front of the public and gets him behind bars . It is revealed at this point that Maasi Saa was ill - treated by Dr. Parag while in jail , and she was planning for revenge ever since she got out of jail . She later stops plotting against Uma and Kanak and becomes kind towards them .","sentences":["Saras ( Uma 's sister ) meanwhile suffers an unfortunate miscarriage , and seeing Uma 's grief over the matter Kanak with the help of Aditya launches a Bike Ambulance so that every emergency patient gets admitted to the hospital as quickly as possible .","But this noble idea creates many enemies for Uma and Kanak from the very outset and Dr. Parag , Dean of Pratistha Medical College joins hands with Maasi Saa to cancel Uma 's license so that he can use the idea to flourish his own Medical College and take the credit wholly upon himself .","Kanak decides to study Paramedicals and become a doctor herself to save the license from being cancelled and that no one can label her as amateur when she treats any patient .","After facing several hurdles and hindrances in the college set up by Dr. Parag himself , she at last succeeds in removing the mask out of Dr. Parag 's face , unveiling his true nature in front of the public and gets him behind bars .","It is revealed at this point that Maasi Saa was ill - treated by Dr. Parag while in jail , and she was planning for revenge ever since she got out of jail .","She later stops plotting against Uma and Kanak and becomes kind towards them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5989106708296236786","input":"the first intelligence test to include a non-verbal scale as a measure of human intelligence","passages":[{"title":"Stanford\u2013Binet Intelligence Scales","text":"Since its inception , the Stanford -- Binet has been revised several times . Currently , the test is in its fifth edition , which is called the Stanford -- Binet Intelligence Scales , Fifth Edition , or SB5 . According to the publisher 's website , `` The SB5 was normed on a stratified random sample of 4,800 individuals that matches the 2000 U.S. Census '' . By administering the Stanford -- Binet test to large numbers of individuals selected at random from different parts of the United States , it has been found that the scores approximate a normal distribution . The revised edition of the Stanford -- Binet over time has devised substantial changes in the way the tests are presented . The test has improved when looking at the introduction of a more parallel form and more demonstrative standards . For one , a non-verbal IQ component is included in the present day tests whereas in the past , there was only a verbal component . In fact , it now has equal balance of verbal and non-verbal content in the tests . It is also more animated than the other tests , providing the test - takers with more colourful artwork , toys and manipulatives . This allows the test to have a higher range in the age of the test takers . This test is purportedly useful in assessing the intellectual capabilities of people ranging from young children all the way to young adults . However , the test has come under criticism for not being able to compare people of different age categories , since each category gets a different set of tests . Furthermore , very young children tend to do poorly on the test due to the fact that they lack the ability to concentrate long enough to finish it .","sentences":["Since its inception , the Stanford -- Binet has been revised several times .","Currently , the test is in its fifth edition , which is called the Stanford -- Binet Intelligence Scales , Fifth Edition , or SB5 .","According to the publisher 's website , `` The SB5 was normed on a stratified random sample of 4,800 individuals that matches the 2000 U.S. Census '' .","By administering the Stanford -- Binet test to large numbers of individuals selected at random from different parts of the United States , it has been found that the scores approximate a normal distribution .","The revised edition of the Stanford -- Binet over time has devised substantial changes in the way the tests are presented .","The test has improved when looking at the introduction of a more parallel form and more demonstrative standards .","For one , a non-verbal IQ component is included in the present day tests whereas in the past , there was only a verbal component .","In fact , it now has equal balance of verbal and non-verbal content in the tests .","It is also more animated than the other tests , providing the test - takers with more colourful artwork , toys and manipulatives .","This allows the test to have a higher range in the age of the test takers .","This test is purportedly useful in assessing the intellectual capabilities of people ranging from young children all the way to young adults .","However , the test has come under criticism for not being able to compare people of different age categories , since each category gets a different set of tests .","Furthermore , very young children tend to do poorly on the test due to the fact that they lack the ability to concentrate long enough to finish it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3544079640933699462","input":"names of the characters in the little rascals","passages":[{"title":"Our Gang","text":"The franchise began in 1922 as a series of silent short subjects produced by the Roach studio and released by Path\u00e9 Exchange . Roach changed distributors from Path\u00e9 to Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer ( MGM ) in 1927 , and the series entered its most popular period after converting to sound in 1929 . Production continued at the Roach studio until 1938 , when the series was sold to MGM , which produced the comedies until 1944 . In total , the Our Gang series includes 220 shorts and one feature film , General Spanky , and featured over 41 child actors . As MGM retained the rights to the Our Gang trademark following their purchase of the production rights , the 80 Roach - produced `` talkies '' were syndicated for television under the title The Little Rascals beginning in 1955 . Roach 's The Little Rascals package ( now owned by CBS Television Distribution ) and MGM 's Our Gang package ( now owned by Turner Entertainment and distributed by Warner Bros. Television ) have since remained in syndication . New productions based on the shorts have been made over the years , including a 1994 feature film , Little Rascals , released by Universal Pictures .","sentences":["The franchise began in 1922 as a series of silent short subjects produced by the Roach studio and released by Path\u00e9 Exchange .","Roach changed distributors from Path\u00e9 to Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer ( MGM ) in 1927 , and the series entered its most popular period after converting to sound in 1929 .","Production continued at the Roach studio until 1938 , when the series was sold to MGM , which produced the comedies until 1944 .","In total , the Our Gang series includes 220 shorts and one feature film , General Spanky , and featured over 41 child actors .","As MGM retained the rights to the Our Gang trademark following their purchase of the production rights , the 80 Roach - produced `` talkies '' were syndicated for television under the title The Little Rascals beginning in 1955 .","Roach 's The Little Rascals package ( now owned by CBS Television Distribution ) and MGM 's Our Gang package ( now owned by Turner Entertainment and distributed by Warner Bros. Television ) have since remained in syndication .","New productions based on the shorts have been made over the years , including a 1994 feature film , Little Rascals , released by Universal Pictures ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6358556525223313040","input":"where did the name jefferson airplane come from","passages":[{"title":"Jefferson Airplane","text":"The first single from the album , Spence 's `` My Best Friend '' , failed to chart , but the next two singles rocketed the group to prominence . Both `` Somebody to Love '' and `` White Rabbit '' became major U.S. hits , the former reaching No. 5 and the latter No. 8 on the Billboard singles chart . By late 1967 the Airplane were national and international stars and had become one of the hottest groups in America . Grace Slick biographer Barbara Rowes called the album `` a declaration of independence from the establishment ( - ) What Airplane originated was a romanticism for the electronic age . Unlike the highly homogenized harmonies of the Beach Boys , Airplane never strived for a synthesis of its divergent sensibilities . Through ( - ) each song , there remain strains of the individual styles of the musicians ( creating ) unusual breadth and original interplay within each structure '' .","sentences":["The first single from the album , Spence 's `` My Best Friend '' , failed to chart , but the next two singles rocketed the group to prominence .","Both `` Somebody to Love '' and `` White Rabbit '' became major U.S. hits , the former reaching No. 5 and the latter No. 8 on the Billboard singles chart .","By late 1967 the Airplane were national and international stars and had become one of the hottest groups in America .","Grace Slick biographer Barbara Rowes called the album `` a declaration of independence from the establishment ( - ) What Airplane originated was a romanticism for the electronic age .","Unlike the highly homogenized harmonies of the Beach Boys , Airplane never strived for a synthesis of its divergent sensibilities .","Through ( - ) each song , there remain strains of the individual styles of the musicians ( creating ) unusual breadth and original interplay within each structure '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6613670172171246439","input":"when did the mesolithic period begin and end in india","passages":[{"title":"Mesolithic","text":"The inhabitants of a small Mesolithic 1 site in the Levant left little more than their chipped stone tools behind . The industry was of small tools made of bladelets struck off single - platform cores . Besides bladelets , burins and end - scrapers were found . A few bone tools and some ground stone have also been found . These so - called Mesolithic sites of Asia are far less numerous than those of the Neolithic and the archeological remains are very poor . Mesolithic","sentences":["The inhabitants of a small Mesolithic 1 site in the Levant left little more than their chipped stone tools behind .","The industry was of small tools made of bladelets struck off single - platform cores .","Besides bladelets , burins and end - scrapers were found .","A few bone tools and some ground stone have also been found .","These so - called Mesolithic sites of Asia are far less numerous than those of the Neolithic and the archeological remains are very poor .","Mesolithic"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8203452066690777256","input":"what is the boiling point of 410a refrigerant","passages":[{"title":"R-410A","text":"In accordance with terms and agreement reached in the Montreal Protocol ( The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer ) the United States Environmental Protection Agency has mandated that production or import of R - 22 along with other hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ) be phased - out in the United States . In the EU and the USA , virgin R22 can not be used for manufacture of new air conditioning or similar units from 1 January 2010 . In other parts of the world the phase - out date varies from country to country . Today , all newly manufactured window unit air conditioners and mini split air conditioners in the United States come with R - 410A . As of Jan. 1 , 2020 , production and importing R22 will be banned . It will be available to what is stockpiled or recovered from old units .","sentences":["In accordance with terms and agreement reached in the Montreal Protocol ( The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer ) the United States Environmental Protection Agency has mandated that production or import of R - 22 along with other hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ) be phased - out in the United States .","In the EU and the USA , virgin R22 can not be used for manufacture of new air conditioning or similar units from 1 January 2010 .","In other parts of the world the phase - out date varies from country to country .","Today , all newly manufactured window unit air conditioners and mini split air conditioners in the United States come with R - 410A .","As of Jan. 1 , 2020 , production and importing R22 will be banned .","It will be available to what is stockpiled or recovered from old units ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"39108902549064302","input":"when do the raiders play on monday night football","passages":[{"title":"Monday Night Football","text":"ESPN Monday Night Football Genre NFL game telecasts Created by Roone Arledge Directed by Chet Forte ( 1970 -- 1986 ) Larry Kamm ( 1987 ) Craig Janoff ( 1988 -- 1999 ) Drew Esocoff ( 2000 -- 2005 ) Chip Dean ( 2006 -- present ) Presented by Commentators : Sean McDonough Jon Gruden Lisa Salters Studio hosts : Suzy Kolber Steve Young Randy Moss Matt Hasselbeck Charles Woodson Opening theme `` Score '' by Bob 's Band ( 1970 -- 1975 ) `` All My Rowdy Friends Are Here on Monday Night '' by Hank Williams , Jr. ( 1989 -- 2011 ; 2017 -- present ) `` Heavy Action '' by Johnny Pearson ( 1976 -- 1989 ; 2011 -- 2016 ) ( used as secondary theme from 1989 to 2011 and again from 2017 -- present ) Country of origin United States Original language ( s ) English No. of seasons 47 ( NFL seasons ) No. of episodes 718 ( games ) Production Executive producer ( s ) Norby Williamson ( 2006 -- present ) Producer ( s ) Roger Lewin Jay Rothman Suzy Kolber ( uncredited ; 2006 -- present ) Location ( s ) Various NFL stadiums ( game telecasts ) ESPN Center , Bristol , Connecticut ( studio segments ) Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 3 - 4 hours Production company ( s ) National Football League ABC Sports ( 1970 -- 2005 ) ESPN ( 2006 -- present ) Release Original network ABC ( 1970 -- 2005 ) ESPN ( 2006 -- present ) Picture format 480i ( SDTV ) ( 1970 -- 2010 ) , 480i ( 16 : 9 SDTV ) ( 2011 -- present ) , 720p ( HDTV ) ( 2011 -- present ) Original release September 21 , 1970 ( 1970 - 09 - 21 ) -- present Chronology Related shows Monday Night Countdown External links Website espn.go.com\/nfl\/mnf","sentences":["ESPN Monday Night Football Genre NFL game telecasts Created by Roone Arledge Directed by Chet Forte ( 1970 -- 1986 )","Larry Kamm ( 1987 ) Craig Janoff ( 1988 -- 1999 )","Drew Esocoff ( 2000 -- 2005 )","Chip Dean ( 2006 -- present ) Presented by Commentators : Sean McDonough Jon Gruden Lisa Salters Studio hosts : Suzy Kolber Steve Young Randy Moss Matt Hasselbeck Charles Woodson Opening theme `` Score '' by Bob 's Band ( 1970 -- 1975 )","`` All My Rowdy Friends Are Here on Monday Night '' by Hank Williams , Jr.","( 1989 -- 2011 ; 2017 -- present ) `` Heavy Action '' by Johnny Pearson ( 1976 -- 1989 ; 2011 -- 2016 ) ( used as secondary theme from 1989 to 2011 and again from 2017 -- present ) Country of origin United States Original language ( s ) English No. of seasons 47 ( NFL seasons )","No. of episodes 718 ( games ) Production Executive producer ( s ) Norby Williamson ( 2006 -- present ) Producer ( s )","Roger Lewin Jay Rothman Suzy Kolber ( uncredited ; 2006 -- present ) Location ( s ) Various NFL stadiums ( game telecasts )","ESPN Center , Bristol , Connecticut ( studio segments )","Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 3 - 4 hours Production company ( s ) National Football League ABC Sports ( 1970 -- 2005 )","ESPN ( 2006 -- present )","Release Original network ABC ( 1970 -- 2005 )","ESPN ( 2006 -- present ) Picture format 480i ( SDTV ) ( 1970 -- 2010 ) , 480i ( 16 : 9 SDTV ) ( 2011 -- present ) , 720p ( HDTV ) ( 2011 -- present ) Original release September 21 , 1970 ( 1970 - 09 - 21 ) -- present Chronology Related shows Monday Night Countdown External links Website espn.go.com\/nfl\/mnf"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1453132668881946585","input":"when is jack whitehall travels with my father season 2","passages":[{"title":"Jack Whitehall: Travels with My Father","text":"The pair travel to the holiday island of Phuket , where Jack has arranged to stay at a straw beach hut . Jack takes Michael on a sea kayak , but Michael throws his oar away so that Jack has to do all the paddling . While Jack gets a massage at the beach , Michael is dissatisfied with the restrooms by the beach , so he rents a room . Jack takes Michael to a Full Moon Party . The following day , they travel by boat to Ko Panyi , where a hungover Jack participates in a football match on a floating pitch with the Panyee FC youth team . Jack meets Steven Seagal at the hotel before they head to the Thailand - Cambodia border .","sentences":["The pair travel to the holiday island of Phuket , where Jack has arranged to stay at a straw beach hut .","Jack takes Michael on a sea kayak , but Michael throws his oar away so that Jack has to do all the paddling .","While Jack gets a massage at the beach , Michael is dissatisfied with the restrooms by the beach , so he rents a room .","Jack takes Michael to a Full Moon Party .","The following day , they travel by boat to Ko Panyi , where a hungover Jack participates in a football match on a floating pitch with the Panyee FC youth team .","Jack meets Steven Seagal at the hotel before they head to the Thailand - Cambodia border ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1874849002499386731","input":"where is the mato grosso plateau located on a map","passages":[{"title":"Mato Grosso","text":"This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Portuguese . ( June 2014 ) Click ( show ) for important translation instructions . View a machine - translated version of the Portuguese article . Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations , but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate , rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia . Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality . If possible , verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article . You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation . A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution . You should also add the template ( ( Translated pt Mato Grosso ) ) to the talk page . For more guidance , see Wikipedia : Translation .","sentences":["This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Portuguese .","( June 2014 )","Click ( show ) for important translation instructions .","View a machine - translated version of the Portuguese article .","Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations , but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate , rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia .","Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality .","If possible , verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article .","You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation .","A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution .","You should also add the template ( ( Translated pt Mato Grosso ) ) to the talk page .","For more guidance , see Wikipedia : Translation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8210256154992342926","input":"what does anti ghosting mean on a keyboard","passages":[{"title":"Rollover (key)","text":"During normal typing on a conventional computer keyboard , only one key is usually pressed at any given time , then released before the next key is pressed . However , this is not always the case . When using modifier keys such as Shift or Control , the user intentionally holds the modifier key ( s ) while pressing and releasing another key . Rapid typists may also sometimes inadvertently press a key before releasing the previous one . Certain unusual forms of keyboarding require multiple keys to be pressed or held down simultaneously ; for example , Braille2000 keying requires as many as six keys to be pressed at once analogous to the six dot keys of a Braille typewriter . Some computer games require keys ( other than the usual modifier keys ) to be held down while others are pressed and released .","sentences":["During normal typing on a conventional computer keyboard , only one key is usually pressed at any given time , then released before the next key is pressed .","However , this is not always the case .","When using modifier keys such as Shift or Control , the user intentionally holds the modifier key ( s ) while pressing and releasing another key .","Rapid typists may also sometimes inadvertently press a key before releasing the previous one .","Certain unusual forms of keyboarding require multiple keys to be pressed or held down simultaneously ; for example , Braille2000 keying requires as many as six keys to be pressed at once analogous to the six dot keys of a Braille typewriter .","Some computer games require keys ( other than the usual modifier keys ) to be held down while others are pressed and released ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6334450181005245207","input":"what channel is the asian cup final on","passages":[{"title":"2019 AFC Asian Cup","text":"The draw of the final tournament was held on 4 May 2018 , 19 : 30 GST , at the Armani Hotel in the Burj Khalifa in Dubai . The FIFA rankings of April 2018 were used as basis for the seeding . The 12 teams that secured their place in the final tournament by the end of the second round of the qualification process were placed in Pots 1 and 2 while the remaining teams which qualified during the third round were allocated to the remaining pots . As hosts , the United Arab Emirates were seeded into Pot 1 . The 24 teams were drawn into six groups of four teams , with the hosts placed in position A1 . Four renowned Asian players : Ali Daei , Sun Jihai , Sunil Chhetri and Phil Younghusband were chosen for the seeds .","sentences":["The draw of the final tournament was held on 4 May 2018 , 19 : 30 GST , at the Armani Hotel in the Burj Khalifa in Dubai .","The FIFA rankings of April 2018 were used as basis for the seeding .","The 12 teams that secured their place in the final tournament by the end of the second round of the qualification process were placed in Pots 1 and 2 while the remaining teams which qualified during the third round were allocated to the remaining pots .","As hosts , the United Arab Emirates were seeded into Pot 1 .","The 24 teams were drawn into six groups of four teams , with the hosts placed in position A1 .","Four renowned Asian players : Ali Daei , Sun Jihai , Sunil Chhetri and Phil Younghusband were chosen for the seeds ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8616337754421289882","input":"where does the germination of the pollen grain take place and how","passages":[{"title":"Germination","text":"Water is required for germination . Mature seeds are often extremely dry and need to take in significant amounts of water , relative to the dry weight of the seed , before cellular metabolism and growth can resume . Most seeds need enough water to moisten the seeds but not enough to soak them . The uptake of water by seeds is called imbibition , which leads to the swelling and the breaking of the seed coat . When seeds are formed , most plants store a food reserve with the seed , such as starch , proteins , or oils . This food reserve provides nourishment to the growing embryo . When the seed imbibes water , hydrolytic enzymes are activated which break down these stored food resources into metabolically useful chemicals . After the seedling emerges from the seed coat and starts growing roots and leaves , the seedling 's food reserves are typically exhausted ; at this point photosynthesis provides the energy needed for continued growth and the seedling now requires a continuous supply of water , nutrients , and light .","sentences":["Water is required for germination .","Mature seeds are often extremely dry and need to take in significant amounts of water , relative to the dry weight of the seed , before cellular metabolism and growth can resume .","Most seeds need enough water to moisten the seeds but not enough to soak them .","The uptake of water by seeds is called imbibition , which leads to the swelling and the breaking of the seed coat .","When seeds are formed , most plants store a food reserve with the seed , such as starch , proteins , or oils .","This food reserve provides nourishment to the growing embryo .","When the seed imbibes water , hydrolytic enzymes are activated which break down these stored food resources into metabolically useful chemicals .","After the seedling emerges from the seed coat and starts growing roots and leaves , the seedling 's food reserves are typically exhausted ; at this point photosynthesis provides the energy needed for continued growth and the seedling now requires a continuous supply of water , nutrients , and light ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2772901212374854024","input":"what types of speech are not protected by the first amendment","passages":[{"title":"United States free speech exceptions","text":"The Supreme Court has established a complex framework in determining which types of false statements are unprotected . There are four such areas which the Court has been explicit about . First , false statements of fact that are said with a `` sufficiently culpable mental state '' can be subject to civil or criminal liability . Secondly , knowingly making a false statement of fact can almost always be punished . For example , libel and slander law are permitted under this category . Third , negligently false statements of fact may lead to civil liability in some instances . Additionally , some implicit statements of fact -- those that may just have a `` false factual connotation '' -- still could fall under this exception .","sentences":["The Supreme Court has established a complex framework in determining which types of false statements are unprotected .","There are four such areas which the Court has been explicit about .","First , false statements of fact that are said with a `` sufficiently culpable mental state '' can be subject to civil or criminal liability .","Secondly , knowingly making a false statement of fact can almost always be punished .","For example , libel and slander law are permitted under this category .","Third , negligently false statements of fact may lead to civil liability in some instances .","Additionally , some implicit statements of fact -- those that may just have a `` false factual connotation '' -- still could fall under this exception ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1766384513464474499","input":"what was the primary motivation for the french who came to the new world","passages":[{"title":"French colonization of the Americas","text":"France Antarctique ( formerly also spelled France antartique ) was a French colony south of the Equator , in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , which existed between 1555 and 1567 , and had control over the coast from Rio de Janeiro to Cabo Frio . The colony quickly became a haven for the Huguenots , and was ultimately destroyed by the Portuguese in 1567 . On November 1 , 1555 , French vice-admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon ( 1510 -- 1575 ) , a Catholic knight of the Order of Malta , who later would help the Huguenots to find a refuge against persecution , led a small fleet of two ships and 600 soldiers and colonists , and took possession of the small island of Serigipe in the Guanabara Bay , in front of present - day Rio de Janeiro , where they built a fort named Fort Coligny . The fort was named in honor of Gaspard de Coligny ( then a Catholic statesman , who about a year later would become a Huguenot ) , an admiral who supported the expedition and would use the colony in order to protect his co-religionists . To the still largely undeveloped mainland village , Villegaignon gave the name of Henriville , in honour of Henry II , the King of France , who also knew of and approved the expedition , and had provided the fleet for the trip . Villegaignon secured his position by making an alliance with the Tamoio and Tupinamb\u00e1 Indians of the region , who were fighting the Portuguese . 1557","sentences":["France Antarctique ( formerly also spelled France antartique ) was a French colony south of the Equator , in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , which existed between 1555 and 1567 , and had control over the coast from Rio de Janeiro to Cabo Frio .","The colony quickly became a haven for the Huguenots , and was ultimately destroyed by the Portuguese in 1567 .","On November 1 , 1555 , French vice-admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon ( 1510 -- 1575 ) , a Catholic knight of the Order of Malta , who later would help the Huguenots to find a refuge against persecution , led a small fleet of two ships and 600 soldiers and colonists , and took possession of the small island of Serigipe in the Guanabara Bay , in front of present - day Rio de Janeiro , where they built a fort named Fort Coligny .","The fort was named in honor of Gaspard de Coligny ( then a Catholic statesman , who about a year later would become a Huguenot ) , an admiral who supported the expedition and would use the colony in order to protect his co-religionists .","To the still largely undeveloped mainland village , Villegaignon gave the name of Henriville , in honour of Henry II , the King of France , who also knew of and approved the expedition , and had provided the fleet for the trip .","Villegaignon secured his position by making an alliance with the Tamoio and Tupinamb\u00e1 Indians of the region , who were fighting the Portuguese . 1557"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4301701048890886514","input":"where does rover from rover's morning glory live","passages":[{"title":"Rover's Morning Glory","text":"Week 1 - Drinking a blender concoction of disgusting items including chewed bubble gum , live earth worms , tobacco juice , clam juice , anchovies , sardines , wet dog food , dry dog food , live crickets , apple cider vinegar , poached fish testicles , hot sauce , curdled milk , raw eggs , cigarette butts , and tomato juice strained through used panties . Who ever could drink the concoction quickest without puking , won . Week 2 - Targets were painted on the bare chest of each competitor . The opponent would then shoot paintballs at the target of the opponent to garner points . Highest point total won . Week 3 - Only two competitors competed in barefoot cactus soccer . The winner was determined by who scored the most goals in a finite time period . Finals Week 1 - Dieter and Dumb competed in a tackle football game , where the ground was littered with thumb tacks . The competition was named `` The Field of Screams . ''","sentences":["Week 1 - Drinking a blender concoction of disgusting items including chewed bubble gum , live earth worms , tobacco juice , clam juice , anchovies , sardines , wet dog food , dry dog food , live crickets , apple cider vinegar , poached fish testicles , hot sauce , curdled milk , raw eggs , cigarette butts , and tomato juice strained through used panties .","Who ever could drink the concoction quickest without puking , won .","Week 2 - Targets were painted on the bare chest of each competitor .","The opponent would then shoot paintballs at the target of the opponent to garner points .","Highest point total won .","Week 3 - Only two competitors competed in barefoot cactus soccer .","The winner was determined by who scored the most goals in a finite time period .","Finals Week 1 - Dieter and Dumb competed in a tackle football game , where the ground was littered with thumb tacks .","The competition was named `` The Field of Screams . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7834168692656259946","input":"summary of the miller's tale by geoffrey chaucer","passages":[{"title":"The Miller's Tale","text":"The general prologue to The Canterbury Tales describes the Miller , Robin , as a stout and evil churl fond of wrestling . In the Miller 's Prologue , the pilgrims have just heard and enjoyed `` The Knight 's Tale '' , a classical story of courtly love , and the host asks the Monk to `` quite '' ( `` follow '' or `` repay '' ) with a tale of his own . However , the Miller insists on going next . He claims that his tale is `` noble '' , but reminds the other pilgrims that he is quite drunk and can not be held accountable for what he says . He explains that his story is about a carpenter and his wife , and how a clerk `` hath set the wrightes cappe '' ( that is , fooled the carpenter ) . Osewold the Reeve , who had originally been a carpenter himself , protests that the tale will insult carpenters and wives , but the Miller carries on anyway .","sentences":["The general prologue to The Canterbury Tales describes the Miller , Robin , as a stout and evil churl fond of wrestling .","In the Miller 's Prologue , the pilgrims have just heard and enjoyed `` The Knight 's Tale '' , a classical story of courtly love , and the host asks the Monk to `` quite '' ( `` follow '' or `` repay '' ) with a tale of his own .","However , the Miller insists on going next .","He claims that his tale is `` noble '' , but reminds the other pilgrims that he is quite drunk and can not be held accountable for what he says .","He explains that his story is about a carpenter and his wife , and how a clerk `` hath set the wrightes cappe '' ( that is , fooled the carpenter ) .","Osewold the Reeve , who had originally been a carpenter himself , protests that the tale will insult carpenters and wives , but the Miller carries on anyway ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5774631313541443764","input":"do you have to shave every day in the military","passages":[{"title":"Facial hair in the military","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( October 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article 's lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents . Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article . Please discuss this issue on the article 's talk page . ( April 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( October 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article 's lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents .","Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article .","Please discuss this issue on the article 's talk page .","( April 2011 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3817272594310987817","input":"who is the girl with white hair in game of thrones","passages":[{"title":"Daenerys Targaryen","text":"Jump up ^ Martin , George R.R. ( 2011 ) . `` Chapter 43 : Daenerys '' . A Dance with Dragons . p. 633 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 553 - 90565 - 6 .","sentences":["Jump up ^","Martin , George R.R. ( 2011 ) .","`` Chapter 43 : Daenerys '' .","A Dance with Dragons .","p. 633 .","ISBN 978 - 0 - 553 - 90565 - 6 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7246790609241034745","input":"what does the time traveler find in the great hall of the museum","passages":[{"title":"The Time Machine","text":"In the new narrative , the Time Traveller tests his device . At first he thinks nothing has happened but soon finds out he went five hours into the future . He continues forward and sees his house disappear and turn into a lush garden . The Time Traveller stops in A.D. 802,701 , where he meets the Eloi , a society of small , elegant , childlike adults . They live in small communities within large and futuristic yet slowly deteriorating buildings , and having a fruit - based diet . His efforts to communicate with them are hampered by their lack of curiosity or discipline . They appear happy and carefree , but fear the dark and in particular fear moonless nights . Observing them , he finds that they give no response to mysterious nocturnal disappearances . ( Perhaps they had become traumatized and would not discuss it . ) He speculates that they are a peaceful society .","sentences":["In the new narrative , the Time Traveller tests his device .","At first he thinks nothing has happened but soon finds out he went five hours into the future .","He continues forward and sees his house disappear and turn into a lush garden .","The Time Traveller stops in A.D. 802,701 , where he meets the Eloi , a society of small , elegant , childlike adults .","They live in small communities within large and futuristic yet slowly deteriorating buildings , and having a fruit - based diet .","His efforts to communicate with them are hampered by their lack of curiosity or discipline .","They appear happy and carefree , but fear the dark and in particular fear moonless nights .","Observing them , he finds that they give no response to mysterious nocturnal disappearances .","( Perhaps they had become traumatized and would not discuss it . )","He speculates that they are a peaceful society ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3467986983483148006","input":"who played thumbelina in sabrina the teenage witch","passages":[{"title":"List of Sabrina the Teenage Witch characters","text":"She is mischievous and typically causes trouble with her magic . In her first appearance , she is shown to have the habit of shrinking people she does not like into jars . In another appearance , she turns Sabrina into a doll before being outsmarted and changed into a doll herself . In another appearance , she develops a crush on Harvey , before being shown that she does not want to grow up . In another appearance , she was visited by Sabrina in Witchright Hall , a school for maladjusted young witches . This episode was a pilot for a spin - off featuring Amanda , although the series was not picked up . Amanda 's character slowly grew into a slightly more caring and respectable person , often helping Sabrina when possible . Such was the case when she appeared in the series finale `` Soul Mates '' , where she gives Harvey his soul stone , which matches Sabrina 's . Amanda eventually became taller than Sabrina . Amanda is actually Sabrina 's second cousin as her mother , Marigold Wiccan Nee Spellman , is Hilda and Zelda 's first cousin .","sentences":["She is mischievous and typically causes trouble with her magic .","In her first appearance , she is shown to have the habit of shrinking people she does not like into jars .","In another appearance , she turns Sabrina into a doll before being outsmarted and changed into a doll herself .","In another appearance , she develops a crush on Harvey , before being shown that she does not want to grow up .","In another appearance , she was visited by Sabrina in Witchright Hall , a school for maladjusted young witches .","This episode was a pilot for a spin - off featuring Amanda , although the series was not picked up .","Amanda 's character slowly grew into a slightly more caring and respectable person , often helping Sabrina when possible .","Such was the case when she appeared in the series finale `` Soul Mates '' , where she gives Harvey his soul stone , which matches Sabrina 's .","Amanda eventually became taller than Sabrina .","Amanda is actually Sabrina 's second cousin as her mother , Marigold Wiccan Nee Spellman , is Hilda and Zelda 's first cousin ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1875443878397148976","input":"what is the range in db level of normal human hearing","passages":[{"title":"Hearing range","text":"The auditory system of a land mammal typically works via the transfer of sound waves through the ear canals . Ear canals in seals , sea lions , and walruses are similar to those of land mammals and may function the same way . In whales and dolphins , it is not entirely clear how sound is propagated to the ear , but some studies strongly suggest that sound is channeled to the ear by tissues in the area of the lower jaw . One group of whales , the Odontocetes ( toothed whales ) , use echolocation to determine the position of objects such as prey . The toothed whales are also unusual in that the ears are separated from the skull and placed well apart , which assists them with localizing sounds , an important element for echolocation . Dolphins","sentences":["The auditory system of a land mammal typically works via the transfer of sound waves through the ear canals .","Ear canals in seals , sea lions , and walruses are similar to those of land mammals and may function the same way .","In whales and dolphins , it is not entirely clear how sound is propagated to the ear , but some studies strongly suggest that sound is channeled to the ear by tissues in the area of the lower jaw .","One group of whales , the Odontocetes ( toothed whales ) , use echolocation to determine the position of objects such as prey .","The toothed whales are also unusual in that the ears are separated from the skull and placed well apart , which assists them with localizing sounds , an important element for echolocation .","Dolphins"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5622145533310766017","input":"who worked to eliminate brutal conditions in mental institutions","passages":[{"title":"Psychiatric hospital","text":"A crisis stabilization unit is in effect an emergency room for psychiatry , frequently dealing with suicidal , violent , or otherwise critical individuals . Open units are psychiatric units that are not as secure as crisis stabilization units . Another type of psychiatric hospital is medium term , which provides care lasting several weeks . In the United Kingdom , both crisis admissions and medium term care is usually provided on acute admissions wards . Juvenile or adolescent wards are sections of psychiatric hospitals or psychiatric wards set aside for children or adolescents with mental illness . Long - term care facilities have the goal of treatment and rehabilitation back into society within a short time - frame ( two or three years ) . Another institution for the mentally ill is a community - based halfway house .","sentences":["A crisis stabilization unit is in effect an emergency room for psychiatry , frequently dealing with suicidal , violent , or otherwise critical individuals .","Open units are psychiatric units that are not as secure as crisis stabilization units .","Another type of psychiatric hospital is medium term , which provides care lasting several weeks .","In the United Kingdom , both crisis admissions and medium term care is usually provided on acute admissions wards .","Juvenile or adolescent wards are sections of psychiatric hospitals or psychiatric wards set aside for children or adolescents with mental illness .","Long - term care facilities have the goal of treatment and rehabilitation back into society within a short time - frame ( two or three years ) .","Another institution for the mentally ill is a community - based halfway house ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3031970494057843843","input":"what do you understand by term fundamental rights as given in our constitution","passages":[{"title":"Fundamental rights in India","text":"Fundamental rights primarily protect individuals from any arbitrary state actions , but some rights are enforceable against individuals . For instance , the Constitution abolishes untouchability and also prohibits begar . These provisions act as a check both on state action as well as the action of private individuals . However , these rights are not absolute or uncontrolled and are subject to reasonable restrictions as necessary for the protection of general welfare . They can also be selectively curtailed . The Supreme Court has ruled that all provisions of the Constitution , including fundamental rights can be amended . However , the Parliament can not alter the basic structure of the constitution . Since the fundamental rights can be altered only by a constitutional amendment , their inclusion is a check not only on the executive branch but also on the Parliament and state legislatures .","sentences":["Fundamental rights primarily protect individuals from any arbitrary state actions , but some rights are enforceable against individuals .","For instance , the Constitution abolishes untouchability and also prohibits begar .","These provisions act as a check both on state action as well as the action of private individuals .","However , these rights are not absolute or uncontrolled and are subject to reasonable restrictions as necessary for the protection of general welfare .","They can also be selectively curtailed .","The Supreme Court has ruled that all provisions of the Constitution , including fundamental rights can be amended .","However , the Parliament can not alter the basic structure of the constitution .","Since the fundamental rights can be altered only by a constitutional amendment , their inclusion is a check not only on the executive branch but also on the Parliament and state legislatures ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-753202420186300662","input":"when does the orville start in the uk","passages":[{"title":"The Orville","text":"When Doctor Finn refuses Bortus and Klyden 's request to have their daughter undergo sex reassignment surgery , which is standard practice for Moclans on the very rare occasions when a female is born , the parents petition Mercer to order the procedure . Mercer refuses , as he ( and the rest of the crew ) object to performing such a procedure on a healthy infant , so Bortus and Klyden arrange to have the procedure performed on a Moclan vessel . Gordon and John change Bortus ' mind by showing him Rudolph the Red - Nosed Reindeer , but Klyden still wants to proceed , revealing that he was born female . The case is arbitrated on the Moclan planet , Moclus , where Grayson represents Bortus ; she casts doubt on the idea of male superiority by demonstrating that Alara is physically strong and Gordon is stupid . Ed locates a female Moclan of advanced years , Heveena , who testifies that she lived a happy and fulfilling life in seclusion , and reveals that under the pseudonym `` Gondus Elden , '' she has become an esteemed novelist on Moclus . But Klyden and the tribunal are unconvinced , and the baby undergoes the surgery . Despite their disagreement , Bortus and Klyden are committed to one another and to giving their son , Topa , a good life .","sentences":["When Doctor Finn refuses Bortus and Klyden 's request to have their daughter undergo sex reassignment surgery , which is standard practice for Moclans on the very rare occasions when a female is born , the parents petition Mercer to order the procedure .","Mercer refuses , as he ( and the rest of the crew ) object to performing such a procedure on a healthy infant , so Bortus and Klyden arrange to have the procedure performed on a Moclan vessel .","Gordon and John change Bortus ' mind by showing him Rudolph the Red - Nosed Reindeer , but Klyden still wants to proceed , revealing that he was born female .","The case is arbitrated on the Moclan planet , Moclus , where Grayson represents Bortus ; she casts doubt on the idea of male superiority by demonstrating that Alara is physically strong and Gordon is stupid .","Ed locates a female Moclan of advanced years , Heveena , who testifies that she lived a happy and fulfilling life in seclusion , and reveals that under the pseudonym `` Gondus Elden , '' she has become an esteemed novelist on Moclus .","But Klyden and the tribunal are unconvinced , and the baby undergoes the surgery .","Despite their disagreement , Bortus and Klyden are committed to one another and to giving their son , Topa , a good life ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1865955294730345744","input":"when did we start keeping dogs as pets","passages":[{"title":"Origin of the domestic dog","text":"14,200 Bonn - Oberkassel , Germany The `` Bonn - Oberkassel dog '' . Undisputed dog skeleton buried with a man and woman . All three skeletal remains were found sprayed with red hematite powder . The consensus is that a dog was buried along with two humans . Analysis of mDNA indicates that this dog was a direct ancestor of modern dogs .","sentences":["14,200 Bonn - Oberkassel , Germany","The `` Bonn - Oberkassel dog '' .","Undisputed dog skeleton buried with a man and woman .","All three skeletal remains were found sprayed with red hematite powder .","The consensus is that a dog was buried along with two humans .","Analysis of mDNA indicates that this dog was a direct ancestor of modern dogs ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4842313997005512582","input":"why was nationalism particularly significant to italian unification","passages":[{"title":"Italian nationalism","text":"The initial important figure in the development of Italian nationalism was Giuseppe Mazzini , who became a nationalist in the 1820s . In his political career , Mazzini held as objectives the liberation of Italy from the Austrian occupation , indirect control by Austria , princely despotism , aristocratic privilege , and clerical authority . Mazzini was captivated by ancient Rome that he considered the `` temple of humanity '' and sought to establish a united Italy as a `` Third Rome '' that emphasized Roman spiritual values that Italian nationalists claimed were preserved by the Catholic Church . Mazzini and Italian nationalists in general promoted the concept of Romanit\u00e0 ( the Roman - ness ) , which claimed that Roman culture made invaluable contributions to the Italian and Western civilization . Since the 1820s , Mazzini supported a revolution to create a utopy of an ideal Italian republic based in Rome . Mazzini formed revolutionary patriotic Young Italy society in 1832 . Upon Young Italy breaking apart in the 1830s , Mazzini reconstituted it in 1839 with the intention to gain the support of workers ' groups . However , at the time Mazzini was hostile to socialism due to his belief that all classes needed to be united in the cause of creating a united Italy rather than divided against each other . Giuseppe","sentences":["The initial important figure in the development of Italian nationalism was Giuseppe Mazzini , who became a nationalist in the 1820s .","In his political career , Mazzini held as objectives the liberation of Italy from the Austrian occupation , indirect control by Austria , princely despotism , aristocratic privilege , and clerical authority .","Mazzini was captivated by ancient Rome that he considered the `` temple of humanity '' and sought to establish a united Italy as a `` Third Rome '' that emphasized Roman spiritual values that Italian nationalists claimed were preserved by the Catholic Church .","Mazzini and Italian nationalists in general promoted the concept of Romanit\u00e0 ( the Roman - ness ) , which claimed that Roman culture made invaluable contributions to the Italian and Western civilization .","Since the 1820s , Mazzini supported a revolution to create a utopy of an ideal Italian republic based in Rome .","Mazzini formed revolutionary patriotic Young Italy society in 1832 .","Upon Young Italy breaking apart in the 1830s , Mazzini reconstituted it in 1839 with the intention to gain the support of workers ' groups .","However , at the time Mazzini was hostile to socialism due to his belief that all classes needed to be united in the cause of creating a united Italy rather than divided against each other .","Giuseppe"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3535831562072666818","input":"where did the term plugging away come from","passages":[{"title":"Grunge","text":"`` Grunge ... became an anti-consumerist movement where the less you spent on clothes , the more ' coolness ' you had . '' The style did not evolve out of a conscious attempt to create an appealing fashion ; music journalist Charles R. Cross said , `` ( Nirvana frontman ) Kurt Cobain was just too lazy to shampoo '' , and Sub Pop 's Jonathan Poneman said , `` This ( clothing ) is cheap , it 's durable , and it 's kind of timeless . It also runs against the grain of the whole flashy aesthetic that existed in the 80s . '' The flannel and `` ... cracked leatherette coats '' in the grunge scene were part `` ... of the Pacific Northwest 's thrift - shop esthetic . Grunge fashion was very much an anti-fashion response and a non-conformist move against the `` manufactured image '' , often pushing musicians to dress in authentic ways and to not glamorize themselves . At the same time , Sub-Pop utilized the ' grunge look ' in their marketing of their bands . In an interview with VH1 , photographer Charles Peterson commented that members from grunge band Tad `` were given blue collar identities that were n't entirely earned . Bruce ( Pavitt ) really got him to dress up in flannel and a real chain saw and really play up this image of a mountain man and it worked . '' Courtney","sentences":["`` Grunge ... became an anti-consumerist movement where the less you spent on clothes , the more ' coolness ' you had . ''","The style did not evolve out of a conscious attempt to create an appealing fashion ; music journalist Charles R. Cross said , `` ( Nirvana frontman )","Kurt Cobain was just too lazy to shampoo '' , and Sub Pop 's Jonathan Poneman said , `` This ( clothing ) is cheap , it 's durable , and it 's kind of timeless .","It also runs against the grain of the whole flashy aesthetic that existed in the 80s . ''","The flannel and `` ... cracked leatherette coats '' in the grunge scene were part `` ... of the Pacific Northwest 's thrift - shop esthetic .","Grunge fashion was very much an anti-fashion response and a non-conformist move against the `` manufactured image '' , often pushing musicians to dress in authentic ways and to not glamorize themselves .","At the same time , Sub-Pop utilized the ' grunge look ' in their marketing of their bands .","In an interview with VH1 , photographer Charles Peterson commented that members from grunge band Tad `` were given blue collar identities that were n't entirely earned .","Bruce ( Pavitt ) really got him to dress up in flannel and a real chain saw and really play up this image of a mountain man and it worked . ''","Courtney"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7119995845380532223","input":"what american food helped supplement european peasants grains","passages":[{"title":"Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies","text":"Food was eaten from wooden or pewter trenchers with two - tined forks , large spoons , and hunting knives . Dishware was not popular since it was easily breakable and tended to dull knives quickly . Unlike the Quakers and Puritans , feasting with an abundance of food and drink was never discouraged and practiced as often as was feasible . Generally , backcountry cuisine did not share the religious austerity of the North nor the refinement of the South and was therefore denigrated by outsiders . An apparent lack of fastidiousness in preparing the food provoked further criticism from many sources . The Anglican Woodmason characterized backcountry cooking as `` exceedingly filthy and most execrable '' . Others told of matrons washing their feet in the cook pot , that it was considered unlucky to wash a milk churn and that human hairs in butter were considered a sign of quality . These descriptions seem to be confirmed by an old saying attributed to Appalachian housewives : `` The mair ( more ) dirt the less hurt '' . Another expression of backcountry hardiness was the lack of appreciation of coffee and tea . Both were described as mere `` slops '' and were deemed appropriate only for those who were sick or unfit for labor .","sentences":["Food was eaten from wooden or pewter trenchers with two - tined forks , large spoons , and hunting knives .","Dishware was not popular since it was easily breakable and tended to dull knives quickly .","Unlike the Quakers and Puritans , feasting with an abundance of food and drink was never discouraged and practiced as often as was feasible .","Generally , backcountry cuisine did not share the religious austerity of the North nor the refinement of the South and was therefore denigrated by outsiders .","An apparent lack of fastidiousness in preparing the food provoked further criticism from many sources .","The Anglican Woodmason characterized backcountry cooking as `` exceedingly filthy and most execrable '' .","Others told of matrons washing their feet in the cook pot , that it was considered unlucky to wash a milk churn and that human hairs in butter were considered a sign of quality .","These descriptions seem to be confirmed by an old saying attributed to Appalachian housewives : `` The mair ( more ) dirt the less hurt '' .","Another expression of backcountry hardiness was the lack of appreciation of coffee and tea .","Both were described as mere `` slops '' and were deemed appropriate only for those who were sick or unfit for labor ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6563582579749224955","input":"what is the reason for no meat during lent","passages":[{"title":"Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church","text":"Abstinence laws consider that meat comes only from animals such as chickens , cows , sheep or pigs -- - all of which live on land . Birds are also considered meat . Abstinence does not include meat juices and liquid foods made from meat . Thus , such foods as chicken broth , consomme , soups cooked or flavored with meat , meat gravies or sauces , as well as seasonings or condiments made from animal fat are technically not forbidden . However , moral theologians have traditionally taught that we should abstain from all animal - derived products ( except foods such as gelatin , butter , cheese and eggs , which do not have any meat taste ) . Fish are a different category of animal . Salt and freshwater species of fish , amphibians , reptiles , ( cold - blooded animals ) and shellfish are permitted .","sentences":["Abstinence laws consider that meat comes only from animals such as chickens , cows , sheep or pigs -- - all of which live on land .","Birds are also considered meat .","Abstinence does not include meat juices and liquid foods made from meat .","Thus , such foods as chicken broth , consomme , soups cooked or flavored with meat , meat gravies or sauces , as well as seasonings or condiments made from animal fat are technically not forbidden .","However , moral theologians have traditionally taught that we should abstain from all animal - derived products ( except foods such as gelatin , butter , cheese and eggs , which do not have any meat taste ) .","Fish are a different category of animal .","Salt and freshwater species of fish , amphibians , reptiles , ( cold - blooded animals ) and shellfish are permitted ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3444971129985881038","input":"what is wrong with eden in the crown","passages":[{"title":"Anthony Eden","text":"On his return to the House of Commons ( 17 December ) , he slipped into the Chamber largely unacknowledged by his own party . One Conservative MP rose to wave his Order Paper , only to have to sit down in embarrassment whilst Labour MPs laughed . On 18 December he addressed the 1922 committee ( Conservative backbenchers ) , declaring `` as long as I live , I shall never apologise for what we did '' , but was unable to answer a question about the validity of the Tripartite Declaration of 1950 ( which he had in fact reaffirmed in April 1955 , two days before becoming Prime Minister ) . In his final statement to the House of Commons as Prime Minister ( 20 December 1956 ) he performed well in a difficult debate , but told MPs that `` there was not foreknowledge that Israel would attack Egypt '' . Victor Rothwell writes that the knowledge of his having misled the House of Commons in this way must have hung over him thereafter , as was the concern that the US Administration might demand that Britain pay reparations to Egypt . Papers released in January 1987 showed the entire Cabinet had been informed of the plan on 23 October 1956 .","sentences":["On his return to the House of Commons ( 17 December ) , he slipped into the Chamber largely unacknowledged by his own party .","One Conservative MP rose to wave his Order Paper , only to have to sit down in embarrassment whilst Labour MPs laughed .","On 18 December he addressed the 1922 committee ( Conservative backbenchers ) , declaring `` as long as I live , I shall never apologise for what we did '' , but was unable to answer a question about the validity of the Tripartite Declaration of 1950 ( which he had in fact reaffirmed in April 1955 , two days before becoming Prime Minister ) .","In his final statement to the House of Commons as Prime Minister ( 20 December 1956 )","he performed well in a difficult debate , but told MPs that `` there was not foreknowledge that Israel would attack Egypt '' .","Victor Rothwell writes that the knowledge of his having misled the House of Commons in this way must have hung over him thereafter , as was the concern that the US Administration might demand that Britain pay reparations to Egypt .","Papers released in January 1987 showed the entire Cabinet had been informed of the plan on 23 October 1956 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4320045052095914874","input":"how many times does bobby die in supernatural","passages":[{"title":"Bobby Singer","text":"Though Bobby is `` fairly content , at least on the surface , to be alone in the world , '' he slowly comes to be a surrogate father for Sam and Dean . On this relationship , Beaver feels that `` Bobby 's concerned about them both , with Dean 's sense of self , but there 's a sort of undercurrent of worry about Sam . Sam seems to have more of the heart of darkness about him than Dean does ... I just sense that there 's this ongoing watchful eye that Bobby 's got on Sam . '' Although he loves each of them `` like a son , '' Bobby is willing to allow the brothers to put themselves in harm 's way if it is absolutely necessary . For example , when Dean wants to detoxify Sam from his addiction to demon blood in `` When the Levee Breaks , '' Bobby instead points out that Sam giving in to his demonic abilities could help him to prevent Lucifer 's return , even though the amount of blood required to kill Lilith would `` change ( him ) forever . '' Beaver noted , `` Bobby is old enough that he 's fairly clear - headed about what the priorities ought to be . Bobby 's position is , more or less , ' if you have a family member with a drinking problem and you want to stage an intervention , you might not want to do it in New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina . ' ''","sentences":["Though Bobby is `` fairly content , at least on the surface , to be alone in the world , '' he slowly comes to be a surrogate father for Sam and Dean .","On this relationship , Beaver feels that `` Bobby 's concerned about them both , with Dean 's sense of self , but there 's a sort of undercurrent of worry about Sam .","Sam seems to have more of the heart of darkness about him than Dean does ...","I just sense that there 's this ongoing watchful eye that Bobby 's got on Sam . ''","Although he loves each of them `` like a son , '' Bobby is willing to allow the brothers to put themselves in harm 's way if it is absolutely necessary .","For example , when Dean wants to detoxify Sam from his addiction to demon blood in `` When the Levee Breaks , '' Bobby instead points out that Sam giving in to his demonic abilities could help him to prevent Lucifer 's return , even though the amount of blood required to kill Lilith would `` change ( him ) forever . ''","Beaver noted , `` Bobby is old enough that he 's fairly clear - headed about what the priorities ought to be .","Bobby 's position is , more or less , ' if you have a family member with a drinking problem and you want to stage an intervention , you might not want to do it in New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina . ' ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8014945319986554549","input":"where was gilligan's island filmed in bahamas","passages":[{"title":"Blue Lagoon Island","text":"In 1875 , Charles King - Harman , an Englishman who was later knighted and became Governor of Cyprus , bought the island from the British Crown for \u00a3 35 . He owned it for 11 years , until he sold it to a Bahamian , Sir Augustus John Adderley , for \u00a3 105 . Adderley kept it for six years . Two Americans who wanted to cultivate corn and vegetables offered him \u00a3 145 . The farming effort failed and in 1902 they sold it to Abraham Van Winkle for a \u00a3 10 loss ( \u00a3 135 ) . Van Winkle hired hundreds of laborers to dredge out the salt marsh and blasted a cut into the lagoon from the sea , planted 5,000 palm trees and built over a mile of meandering concrete paths . He later imported a zoo of monkeys , peacocks , turkeys , pheasants , parrots , and iguanas to populate the paradise garden . He shared the island with the public by bringing guests over on his boat at a rate of $1 per person .","sentences":["In 1875 , Charles King - Harman , an Englishman who was later knighted and became Governor of Cyprus , bought the island from the British Crown for \u00a3 35 .","He owned it for 11 years , until he sold it to a Bahamian , Sir Augustus John Adderley , for \u00a3 105 .","Adderley kept it for six years .","Two Americans who wanted to cultivate corn and vegetables offered him \u00a3 145 .","The farming effort failed and in 1902 they sold it to Abraham Van Winkle for a \u00a3 10 loss ( \u00a3 135 ) .","Van Winkle hired hundreds of laborers to dredge out the salt marsh and blasted a cut into the lagoon from the sea , planted 5,000 palm trees and built over a mile of meandering concrete paths .","He later imported a zoo of monkeys , peacocks , turkeys , pheasants , parrots , and iguanas to populate the paradise garden .","He shared the island with the public by bringing guests over on his boat at a rate of $1 per person ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"236919480713684590","input":"where is wales located on the world map","passages":[{"title":"Wales","text":"Part of a series on the Culture of Wales History People Languages ( show ) Welsh ( Y Fro Gymraeg History Welsh placenames Welsh surnames Welsh medium education ) Welsh English Traditions ( show ) Traditional Welsh costume Welsh law Land division ( Commote Cantref Historic counties ) Mythology and folklore ( show ) Mythology Cuisine ( show ) Bara brith Bara Lafwr Cawl Cawl Cennin Crempog Gower cuisine Selsig Morgannwg Tatws Pum Munud Welsh breakfast Welsh cake Welsh rarebit List of Welsh dishes List of restaurants in Wales Festivals ( show ) Calennig Dydd Santes Dwynwen G\u0175yl Fair y Canhwyllau Saint David 's Day Calan Mai Calan Awst Calan Gaeaf G\u0175yl Mabsant G\u0175yl San Steffan Eisteddfod Religion Art Literature ( show ) in Welsh in English Medieval Authors Poets Theatre Music and performing arts ( show ) Music Media ( show ) Radio Television Cinema Sport ( show ) Bando Boxing Cnapan Cricket Soccer Golf Horse racing P\u00eal - Law Rugby league Rugby union Monuments ( show ) World Heritage Sites Symbols ( show ) Flag Coat of arms Flag of Saint David Other flags Welsh Dragon Welsh heraldry Celtic cross Celtic knot Wales portal","sentences":["Part of a series on the Culture of Wales History People Languages ( show )","Welsh ( Y Fro Gymraeg History Welsh placenames Welsh surnames Welsh medium education )","Welsh English Traditions ( show ) Traditional Welsh costume Welsh law Land division ( Commote Cantref Historic counties )","Mythology and folklore ( show )","Mythology Cuisine ( show )","Bara brith Bara Lafwr Cawl Cawl Cennin Crempog Gower cuisine Selsig Morgannwg Tatws Pum Munud Welsh breakfast Welsh cake Welsh rarebit List of Welsh dishes List of restaurants in Wales Festivals ( show ) Calennig Dydd Santes Dwynwen G\u0175yl Fair y Canhwyllau Saint David 's Day Calan Mai Calan Awst Calan Gaeaf G\u0175yl Mabsant G\u0175yl San Steffan Eisteddfod Religion Art Literature ( show ) in Welsh in English Medieval Authors Poets Theatre Music and performing arts ( show )","Music Media ( show )","Radio Television Cinema Sport ( show )","Bando Boxing Cnapan Cricket Soccer Golf Horse racing P\u00eal - Law Rugby league Rugby union Monuments ( show )","World Heritage Sites Symbols ( show )","Flag Coat of arms Flag of Saint David Other flags Welsh Dragon Welsh heraldry Celtic cross Celtic knot Wales portal"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9181283383663924297","input":"what two events seem to provide a key to understanding the book of acts","passages":[{"title":"Acts of the Apostles","text":"Acts agrees with Paul 's letters on the major outline of Paul 's career : as Saul he is converted and becomes Paul the Christian missionary and apostle , establishing new churches in Asia Minor and the Aegean and struggling to free Gentile Christians from the Jewish Law . There are also agreements on many incidents , such as Paul 's escape from Damascus , where he is lowered down the walls in a basket . But details of these same incidents are frequently contradictory : for example , according to Paul it was a pagan king who was trying to arrest him in Damascus , but according to Luke it was , characteristically , the Jews ( 2 Corinthians 11 : 33 and Acts 9 : 24 ) . Many of the disagreements are not so immediately obvious : Acts speaks of `` Christians '' and `` disciples '' , but Paul never uses either term , and it is striking that Acts never brings Paul into conflict with the Jerusalem church and places Paul under the authority of the Jerusalem church and its leaders , especially James and Peter ( Acts 15 vs. Galatians 2 ) . Acts omits much from the letters , notably Paul 's problems with his congregations ( internal difficulties are said to be the fault of the Jews instead ) , and his apparent final rejection by the church leaders in Jerusalem ( Acts has Paul and Barnabas deliver an offering that is accepted , a trip that has no mention in the letters ) . There are also major differences between Acts and Paul on Christology ( the understanding of Christ 's nature ) , eschatology ( understanding of the `` last things '' ) , and apostleship .","sentences":["Acts agrees with Paul 's letters on the major outline of Paul 's career : as Saul he is converted and becomes Paul the Christian missionary and apostle , establishing new churches in Asia Minor and the Aegean and struggling to free Gentile Christians from the Jewish Law .","There are also agreements on many incidents , such as Paul 's escape from Damascus , where he is lowered down the walls in a basket .","But details of these same incidents are frequently contradictory : for example , according to Paul it was a pagan king who was trying to arrest him in Damascus , but according to Luke it was , characteristically , the Jews ( 2 Corinthians 11 : 33 and Acts 9 : 24 ) .","Many of the disagreements are not so immediately obvious : Acts speaks of `` Christians '' and `` disciples '' , but Paul never uses either term , and it is striking that Acts never brings Paul into conflict with the Jerusalem church and places Paul under the authority of the Jerusalem church and its leaders , especially James and Peter ( Acts 15 vs. Galatians 2 ) .","Acts omits much from the letters , notably Paul 's problems with his congregations ( internal difficulties are said to be the fault of the Jews instead ) , and his apparent final rejection by the church leaders in Jerusalem ( Acts has Paul and Barnabas deliver an offering that is accepted , a trip that has no mention in the letters ) .","There are also major differences between Acts and Paul on Christology ( the understanding of Christ 's nature ) , eschatology ( understanding of the `` last things '' ) , and apostleship ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9181599052007711173","input":"who is the lady pip has never seen before","passages":[{"title":"Great Expectations","text":"1917 -- Great Expectations , a silent film , starring Jack Pickford , directed by Robert G. Vignola . 1922 -- a silent film , made in Denmark , starring Martin Herzberg , directed by A.W. Sandberg . 1934 -- Great Expectations film starring Phillips Holmes and Jane Wyatt , directed by Stuart Walker . 1946 -- Great Expectations , the most celebrated film version , starring John Mills as Pip , Bernard Miles as Joe , Alec Guinness as Herbert , Finlay Currie as Magwitch , Martita Hunt as Miss Havisham , Anthony Wager as Young Pip , Jean Simmons as Young Estella and Valerie Hobson as the adult Estella , directed by David Lean . It came fifth in a 1999 BFI poll of the top 100 British films . 1954 -- a two - part television version starring Roddy McDowall as Pip and Estelle Winwood as Miss Havisham . It aired as an episode of the show Robert Montgomery Presents . 1955 -- An Orphan 's Tragedy , a Hong Kong film adaptation starring a teenage Bruce Lee . Filmed in Cantonese , the setting was moved to early 20th century Hong Kong and characters were renamed , where Pip was renamed as Frank who was portrayed by Lee . 1959 -- a BBC television version starring Dinsdale Landen as Pip , Helen Lindsay as Estella , Colin Jeavons as Herbert Pocket , Marjorie Hawtrey as Miss Havisham and Derek Benfield as Landlord . 1960 -- `` The Tom Tuckett Story '' , a Wagon Train episode that borrows the principal themes and characters . The end credits explicitly reference it as an adaptation of Great Expectations . 1967 -- a television serial starring Gary Bond and Francesca Annis . 1974 -- Great Expectations -- a film starring Michael York as Pip and Simon Gipps - Kent as Young Pip , Sarah Miles and James Mason , directed by Joseph Hardy . 1981 -- Great Expectations -- a BBC serial starring Stratford Johns , Gerry Sundquist , Joan Hickson , Patsy Kensit and Sarah - Jane Varley . Produced by Barry Letts , and directed by Julian Amyes . 1983 -- an animated children 's version , starring Phillip Hinton , Liz Horne , Robin Stewart and Bill Kerr . 1986 -- Great Expectations : The Untold Story , starring John Stanton , directed by Tim Burstall is a spin - off film depicting the adventures of Magwitch in Australia . 1989 -- Great Expectations , a Disney Channel two - part film starring Anthony Hopkins as Magwitch , John Rhys - Davies as Joe Gargery , and Jean Simmons as Miss Havisham , directed by Kevin Connor . 1998 -- Great Expectations , a film starring Ethan Hawke and Gwyneth Paltrow , directed by Alfonso Cuar\u00f3n . This adaptation is set in contemporary New York , and renames Pip to Finn and Miss Havisham to Nora Dinsmoor . The film 's score was composed by Patrick Doyle . 1999 -- Great Expectations , a film starring Ioan Gruffudd as Pip , Justine Waddell as Estella , and Charlotte Rampling as Miss Havisham ( Masterpiece Theatre -- TV ) 2000 -- `` Pip '' , a South Park episode that parodies and retells the Charles Dickens novel , and stars the South Park character Pip . 2011 -- Great Expectations , a three - part BBC serial . Starring Ray Winstone as Magwitch , Gillian Anderson as Miss Havisham and Douglas Booth as Pip . 2012 -- Great Expectations , a film directed by Mike Newell , starring Ralph Fiennes as Magwitch , Helena Bonham Carter as Miss Havisham and Jeremy Irvine as Pip . 2016 -- Fitoor , an Indian adaptation directed by Abhishek Kapoor , starring Katrina Kaif , Aditya Roy Kapur and Tabu .","sentences":["1917 -- Great Expectations , a silent film , starring Jack Pickford , directed by Robert G. Vignola .","1922 -- a silent film , made in Denmark , starring Martin Herzberg , directed by A.W. Sandberg .","1934 --","Great Expectations film starring Phillips Holmes and Jane Wyatt , directed by Stuart Walker .","1946 --","Great Expectations , the most celebrated film version , starring John Mills as Pip , Bernard Miles as Joe , Alec Guinness as Herbert , Finlay Currie as Magwitch , Martita Hunt as Miss Havisham , Anthony Wager as Young Pip , Jean Simmons as Young Estella and Valerie Hobson as the adult Estella , directed by David Lean .","It came fifth in a 1999 BFI poll of the top 100 British films .","1954 -- a two - part television version starring Roddy McDowall as Pip and Estelle Winwood as Miss Havisham .","It aired as an episode of the show Robert Montgomery Presents .","1955 --","An Orphan 's Tragedy , a Hong Kong film adaptation starring a teenage Bruce Lee .","Filmed in Cantonese , the setting was moved to early 20th century Hong Kong and characters were renamed , where Pip was renamed as Frank who was portrayed by Lee .","1959 -- a BBC television version starring Dinsdale Landen as Pip , Helen Lindsay as Estella , Colin Jeavons as Herbert Pocket , Marjorie Hawtrey as Miss Havisham and Derek Benfield as Landlord .","1960 -- `` The Tom Tuckett Story '' , a Wagon Train episode that borrows the principal themes and characters .","The end credits explicitly reference it as an adaptation of Great Expectations .","1967 -- a television serial starring Gary Bond and Francesca Annis .","1974 --","Great Expectations -- a film starring Michael York as Pip and Simon Gipps - Kent as Young Pip , Sarah Miles and James Mason , directed by Joseph Hardy .","1981 --","Great Expectations -- a BBC serial starring Stratford Johns , Gerry Sundquist , Joan Hickson , Patsy Kensit and Sarah - Jane Varley .","Produced by Barry Letts , and directed by Julian Amyes .","1983 -- an animated children 's version , starring Phillip Hinton , Liz Horne , Robin Stewart and Bill Kerr .","1986 -- Great Expectations : The Untold Story , starring John Stanton , directed by Tim Burstall is a spin - off film depicting the adventures of Magwitch in Australia .","1989 --","Great Expectations , a Disney Channel two - part film starring Anthony Hopkins as Magwitch , John Rhys - Davies as Joe Gargery , and Jean Simmons as Miss Havisham , directed by Kevin Connor .","1998 --","Great Expectations , a film starring Ethan Hawke and Gwyneth Paltrow , directed by Alfonso Cuar\u00f3n .","This adaptation is set in contemporary New York , and renames Pip to Finn and Miss Havisham to Nora Dinsmoor .","The film 's score was composed by Patrick Doyle .","1999 --","Great Expectations , a film starring Ioan Gruffudd as Pip , Justine Waddell as Estella , and Charlotte Rampling as Miss Havisham ( Masterpiece Theatre -- TV ) 2000 -- `` Pip '' , a South Park episode that parodies and retells the Charles Dickens novel , and stars the South Park character Pip .","2011 --","Great Expectations , a three - part BBC serial .","Starring Ray Winstone as Magwitch , Gillian Anderson as Miss Havisham and Douglas Booth as Pip .","2012 --","Great Expectations , a film directed by Mike Newell , starring Ralph Fiennes as Magwitch , Helena Bonham Carter as Miss Havisham and Jeremy Irvine as Pip .","2016 --","Fitoor , an Indian adaptation directed by Abhishek Kapoor , starring Katrina Kaif , Aditya Roy Kapur and Tabu ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1839524956306445970","input":"where do i find my national identity number","passages":[{"title":"National identification number","text":"( For example , a male citizen who was born on 27 May 2001 is assigned the number 010527 \u2012 3 * * * * * * , and a female citizen which was born on 24 March 1975 is assigned the number 750324 \u2012 2 * * * * * * . )","sentences":["( For example , a male citizen who was born on 27 May 2001 is assigned the number 010527 \u2012","3 * *","*","* * * , and a female citizen which was born on 24 March 1975 is assigned the number 750324 \u2012","2 * *","*","* * * . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2823828256393674335","input":"what does one person one vote one value mean","passages":[{"title":"One man, one vote","text":"Some states redrew their U.S. House districts every ten years to reflect changes in population patterns ; many did not . Some never redrew them , except when it was mandated by a change in the number of seats to which that state was entitled in the House of Representatives . In many states , this led to a skewing of influence for voters in some districts over those in others . For example , if the 2nd congressional district eventually had a population of 1.5 million , but the 3rd had only 500,000 , then , in effect -- since each district elected the same number of representatives -- a voter in the 3rd district had three times the voting `` power '' of a 2nd - district voter . Alabama 's state legislature resisted redistricting from 1910 to 1972 ( when forced by federal court order ) . As a result , rural residents retained a wildly disproportionate amount of power in a time when other areas of the state became urbanized and industrialized , attracting greater populations . Such urban areas were under - represented in the state legislature and underserved ; their residents had difficulty getting needed funding for infrastructure and services . They paid far more in taxes to the state than they received in benefits in relation to the population .","sentences":["Some states redrew their U.S. House districts every ten years to reflect changes in population patterns ; many did not .","Some never redrew them , except when it was mandated by a change in the number of seats to which that state was entitled in the House of Representatives .","In many states , this led to a skewing of influence for voters in some districts over those in others .","For example , if the 2nd congressional district eventually had a population of 1.5 million , but the 3rd had only 500,000 , then , in effect -- since each district elected the same number of representatives -- a voter in the 3rd district had three times the voting `` power '' of a 2nd - district voter .","Alabama 's state legislature resisted redistricting from 1910 to 1972 ( when forced by federal court order ) .","As a result , rural residents retained a wildly disproportionate amount of power in a time when other areas of the state became urbanized and industrialized , attracting greater populations .","Such urban areas were under - represented in the state legislature and underserved ; their residents had difficulty getting needed funding for infrastructure and services .","They paid far more in taxes to the state than they received in benefits in relation to the population ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1051310329902646231","input":"how fast can you brute force a password","passages":[{"title":"Brute-force attack","text":"As commercial successors of governmental ASIC solutions have become available , also known as custom hardware attacks , two emerging technologies have proven their capability in the brute - force attack of certain ciphers . One is modern graphics processing unit ( GPU ) technology , the other is the field - programmable gate array ( FPGA ) technology . GPUs benefit from their wide availability and price - performance benefit , FPGAs from their energy efficiency per cryptographic operation . Both technologies try to transport the benefits of parallel processing to brute - force attacks . In case of GPUs some hundreds , in the case of FPGA some thousand processing units making them much better suited to cracking passwords than conventional processors . Various publications in the fields of cryptographic analysis have proved the energy efficiency of today 's FPGA technology , for example , the COPACOBANA FPGA Cluster computer consumes the same energy as a single PC ( 600 W ) , but performs like 2,500 PCs for certain algorithms . A number of firms provide hardware - based FPGA cryptographic analysis solutions from a single FPGA PCI Express card up to dedicated FPGA computers . WPA and WPA2 encryption have successfully been brute - force attacked by reducing the workload by a factor of 50 in comparison to conventional CPUs and some hundred in case of FPGAs . A","sentences":["As commercial successors of governmental ASIC solutions have become available , also known as custom hardware attacks , two emerging technologies have proven their capability in the brute - force attack of certain ciphers .","One is modern graphics processing unit ( GPU ) technology , the other is the field - programmable gate array ( FPGA ) technology .","GPUs benefit from their wide availability and price - performance benefit , FPGAs from their energy efficiency per cryptographic operation .","Both technologies try to transport the benefits of parallel processing to brute - force attacks .","In case of GPUs some hundreds , in the case of FPGA some thousand processing units making them much better suited to cracking passwords than conventional processors .","Various publications in the fields of cryptographic analysis have proved the energy efficiency of today 's FPGA technology , for example , the COPACOBANA FPGA Cluster computer consumes the same energy as a single PC ( 600 W ) , but performs like 2,500 PCs for certain algorithms .","A number of firms provide hardware - based FPGA cryptographic analysis solutions from a single FPGA PCI Express card up to dedicated FPGA computers .","WPA and WPA2 encryption have successfully been brute - force attacked by reducing the workload by a factor of 50 in comparison to conventional CPUs and some hundred in case of FPGAs .","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2525008483612732031","input":"what was china's population before the one child policy","passages":[{"title":"One-child policy","text":"Some 30 delegates called on the government in the Chinese People 's Political Consultative Conference in March 2007 to abolish the one - child rule , citing `` social problems and personality disorders in young people '' . One statement read , `` It is not healthy for children to play only with their parents and be spoiled by them : it is not right to limit the number to two children per family , either . '' The proposal was prepared by Ye Tingfang , a professor at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences , who suggested that the government at least restore the previous rule that allowed couples to have up to two children . According to a scholar , `` The one - child limit is too extreme . It violates nature 's law . And in the long run , this will lead to mother nature 's revenge . ''","sentences":["Some 30 delegates called on the government in the Chinese People 's Political Consultative Conference in March 2007 to abolish the one - child rule , citing `` social problems and personality disorders in young people '' .","One statement read , `` It is not healthy for children to play only with their parents and be spoiled by them : it is not right to limit the number to two children per family , either . ''","The proposal was prepared by Ye Tingfang , a professor at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences , who suggested that the government at least restore the previous rule that allowed couples to have up to two children .","According to a scholar , `` The one - child limit is too extreme .","It violates nature 's law .","And in the long run , this will lead to mother nature 's revenge . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2087212017682345191","input":"where was the first formal cremation done in the us","passages":[{"title":"Cremation","text":"The cost of pet cremation depends on location , where the cremation is done , and time of cremation . The American Humane Society 's cost for cremation of 22.5 kg ( 50 lb ) . or less pet is $110 while 23 kg ( 51 lb ) . or more is $145 . The cremated remains are available for the owner to pick up in seven to ten business days . Urns for the companion animal range from $50 to $150 .","sentences":["The cost of pet cremation depends on location , where the cremation is done , and time of cremation .","The American Humane Society 's cost for cremation of 22.5 kg ( 50 lb ) .","or less pet is $110 while 23 kg ( 51 lb ) .","or more is $145 .","The cremated remains are available for the owner to pick up in seven to ten business days .","Urns for the companion animal range from $50 to $150 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4437867822104381652","input":"where was episode 3 season 4 black mirror filmed","passages":[{"title":"Crocodile (Black Mirror)","text":"Fifteen years later , Mia is happily married with a son and successful career . When she goes on a business trip , Rob meets her at her hotel . He shows her a news article about the dead cyclist , whose wife believes he is alive and is still looking for him . A newly sober Rob wants to make amends by writing an anonymous letter telling the truth , but Mia is afraid the letter will be traced . An argument ensues and she kills Rob . She is further shaken upon seeing a road accident outside , where a self - driving pizza delivery truck hits a pedestrian . Mia rents a pay per view porn movie to provide herself with an alibi , then disposes of Rob 's body .","sentences":["Fifteen years later , Mia is happily married with a son and successful career .","When she goes on a business trip , Rob meets her at her hotel .","He shows her a news article about the dead cyclist , whose wife believes he is alive and is still looking for him .","A newly sober Rob wants to make amends by writing an anonymous letter telling the truth , but Mia is afraid the letter will be traced .","An argument ensues and she kills Rob .","She is further shaken upon seeing a road accident outside , where a self - driving pizza delivery truck hits a pedestrian .","Mia rents a pay per view porn movie to provide herself with an alibi , then disposes of Rob 's body ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3045107577852129782","input":"where does information exchange begin in order to produce good customer service","passages":[{"title":"Telephone exchange","text":"Digital switches encode the speech going on , in 8,000 time slices per second . At each time slice , a digital PCM representation of the tone is made . The digits are then sent to the receiving end of the line , where the reverse process occurs , to produce the sound for the receiving phone . In other words , when someone uses a telephone , the speaker 's voice is `` encoded '' then reconstructed for the person on the other end . The speaker 's voice is delayed in the process by a small fraction of one second -- it is not `` live '' , it is reconstructed -- delayed only minutely . ( See below for more info . )","sentences":["Digital switches encode the speech going on , in 8,000 time slices per second .","At each time slice , a digital PCM representation of the tone is made .","The digits are then sent to the receiving end of the line , where the reverse process occurs , to produce the sound for the receiving phone .","In other words , when someone uses a telephone , the speaker 's voice is `` encoded '' then reconstructed for the person on the other end .","The speaker 's voice is delayed in the process by a small fraction of one second -- it is not `` live '' , it is reconstructed -- delayed only minutely .","( See below for more info . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1340413329972032108","input":"why do we have the senate and the house of representatives","passages":[{"title":"United States Congress","text":"Committees write legislation . While procedures such as the House discharge petition process can introduce bills to the House floor and effectively bypass committee input , they are exceedingly difficult to implement without committee action . Committees have power and have been called independent fiefdoms . Legislative , oversight , and internal administrative tasks are divided among about two hundred committees and subcommittees which gather information , evaluate alternatives , and identify problems . They propose solutions for consideration by the full chamber . In addition , they perform the function of oversight by monitoring the executive branch and investigating wrongdoing . Officer","sentences":["Committees write legislation .","While procedures such as the House discharge petition process can introduce bills to the House floor and effectively bypass committee input , they are exceedingly difficult to implement without committee action .","Committees have power and have been called independent fiefdoms .","Legislative , oversight , and internal administrative tasks are divided among about two hundred committees and subcommittees which gather information , evaluate alternatives , and identify problems .","They propose solutions for consideration by the full chamber .","In addition , they perform the function of oversight by monitoring the executive branch and investigating wrongdoing .","Officer"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3723065273113882882","input":"what does violetta die of in la traviata","passages":[{"title":"La traviata","text":"From the next room , the sound of the orchestra is heard and the guests move there to dance . After a series of severe coughs and almost fainting , Violetta begins to feel dizzy and asks her guests to go ahead and to leave her to rest until she recovers . While the guests dance in the next room , Violetta looks at her pale face in her mirror . Alfredo enters and expresses his concern for her fragile health , later declaring his love for her ( Alfredo , Violetta : Un d\u00ec , felice , eterea -- `` One day , happy and ethereal '' ) . At first , she rejects him because his love means nothing to her , but there is something about Alfredo that touches her heart . He is about to leave when she gives him a flower , telling him to return it when it has wilted , which will be the very next day .","sentences":["From the next room , the sound of the orchestra is heard and the guests move there to dance .","After a series of severe coughs and almost fainting , Violetta begins to feel dizzy and asks her guests to go ahead and to leave her to rest until she recovers .","While the guests dance in the next room , Violetta looks at her pale face in her mirror .","Alfredo enters and expresses his concern for her fragile health , later declaring his love for her ( Alfredo , Violetta : Un d\u00ec , felice , eterea -- `` One day , happy and ethereal '' ) .","At first , she rejects him because his love means nothing to her , but there is something about Alfredo that touches her heart .","He is about to leave when she gives him a flower , telling him to return it when it has wilted , which will be the very next day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"205002251911744732","input":"when was the location of genetic information on chromosomes established","passages":[{"title":"Gene","text":"Essential genes are the set of genes thought to be critical for an organism 's survival . This definition assumes the abundant availability of all relevant nutrients and the absence of environmental stress . Only a small portion of an organism 's genes are essential . In bacteria , an estimated 250 -- 400 genes are essential for Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis , which is less than 10 % of their genes . Half of these genes are orthologs in both organisms and are largely involved in protein synthesis . In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae the number of essential genes is slightly higher , at 1000 genes ( ~ 20 % of their genes ) . Although the number is more difficult to measure in higher eukaryotes , mice and humans are estimated to have around 2000 essential genes ( ~ 10 % of their genes ) . The synthetic organism , Syn 3 , has a minimal genome of 473 essential genes and quasi-essential genes ( necessary for fast growth ) , although 149 have unknown function .","sentences":["Essential genes are the set of genes thought to be critical for an organism 's survival .","This definition assumes the abundant availability of all relevant nutrients and the absence of environmental stress .","Only a small portion of an organism 's genes are essential .","In bacteria , an estimated 250 -- 400 genes are essential for Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis , which is less than 10 % of their genes .","Half of these genes are orthologs in both organisms and are largely involved in protein synthesis .","In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae the number of essential genes is slightly higher , at 1000 genes ( ~ 20 % of their genes ) .","Although the number is more difficult to measure in higher eukaryotes , mice and humans are estimated to have around 2000 essential genes ( ~ 10 % of their genes ) .","The synthetic organism , Syn 3 , has a minimal genome of 473 essential genes and quasi-essential genes ( necessary for fast growth ) , although 149 have unknown function ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8325087594519615937","input":"what chapter is the latest episode of one piece","passages":[{"title":"List of One Piece episodes (season 19)","text":"Brook successfully destroys the picture of Carmel . Even though Big Mom is having a mental crisis , she does not start screaming as Bege had planned . Luffy and Jinbe defend themselves against the attacking Big Mom Pirates . Pudding attempts to shoot Sanji but fails , prompting Daifuku to attack him with his genie . As Bege 's plan goes awry , Perospero traps the Vinsmokes in candy and they are held at gunpoint . Brook notices that Big Mom is not screaming because she is confused on what to be angry about . He then tells Luffy to show her the broken picture again , which Luffy prepares to do .","sentences":["Brook successfully destroys the picture of Carmel .","Even though Big Mom is having a mental crisis , she does not start screaming as Bege had planned .","Luffy and Jinbe defend themselves against the attacking Big Mom Pirates .","Pudding attempts to shoot Sanji but fails , prompting Daifuku to attack him with his genie .","As Bege 's plan goes awry , Perospero traps the Vinsmokes in candy and they are held at gunpoint .","Brook notices that Big Mom is not screaming because she is confused on what to be angry about .","He then tells Luffy to show her the broken picture again , which Luffy prepares to do ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3613382761162429398","input":"when did the modern era in parenting begin","passages":[{"title":"History of childhood","text":"Much of contemporary western perceptions of children and childhood still stems from the idea of the `` Nuclear family '' , which gained significance in the 1950s . In western culture and society it is important for children to be socialized into acceptable adults , and this means passing on social values that cater to a national narrative . One of the main ways that children are socialized is by gender . Children are expected to behave in particular ways and hold particular values based on their gender - male or female . Gender is assigned at birth based on sex , which is determined by genitalia . And with that , children are expected to take on gender roles in society , and the associated characteristics based on this determined sex . Today the gender roles are divided into two spaces , referred to as the ' separation of spheres ' ; the reproductive sphere is reserved for women and the productive sphere is reserved for men : This began in the 1950s with the rise and normalizing of the ' nuclear family ' . Kimmel and Hollar ( 2011 ) claim that `` family life was wrenched apart from the world of work ... men ( 's ) work shifted from home to farm to mill and factory , shop and office ... ( which ) became ... paid labour ... gradually ( becoming ) industrialized and eliminated as such tasks ... shifted to the external world ... libererat ( ing ) men to exit their homes and leave the rearing of their sons and daughters to their wives '' ( p. 144 ) . While family life has changed today the expectations of men and women , and thus boys and girls , remains and mimics that of the idealized nuclear family . And so girls are still socialized by society to enter the private sphere of home and family , while boys are still socialized to enter the public sphere of work .","sentences":["Much of contemporary western perceptions of children and childhood still stems from the idea of the `` Nuclear family '' , which gained significance in the 1950s .","In western culture and society it is important for children to be socialized into acceptable adults , and this means passing on social values that cater to a national narrative .","One of the main ways that children are socialized is by gender .","Children are expected to behave in particular ways and hold particular values based on their gender - male or female .","Gender is assigned at birth based on sex , which is determined by genitalia .","And with that , children are expected to take on gender roles in society , and the associated characteristics based on this determined sex .","Today the gender roles are divided into two spaces , referred to as the ' separation of spheres ' ; the reproductive sphere is reserved for women and the productive sphere is reserved for men : This began in the 1950s with the rise and normalizing of the ' nuclear family ' .","Kimmel and Hollar ( 2011 ) claim that `` family life was wrenched apart from the world of work ...","men ( 's ) work shifted from home to farm to mill and factory , shop and office ... ( which ) became ... paid labour ...","gradually ( becoming ) industrialized and eliminated as such tasks ... shifted to the external world ...","libererat ( ing ) men to exit their homes and leave the rearing of their sons and daughters to their wives '' ( p. 144 ) .","While family life has changed today the expectations of men and women , and thus boys and girls , remains and mimics that of the idealized nuclear family .","And so girls are still socialized by society to enter the private sphere of home and family , while boys are still socialized to enter the public sphere of work ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5577698022671838486","input":"where does alice springs get its water from","passages":[{"title":"Alice Springs","text":"Australian rules football is a particularly popular sport in Alice Springs in terms of both participation and as a spectator sport . The Central Australian Football League formed in 1947 has several teams . The sport is particularly popular in Indigenous communities . The local stadium , Traeger Park , has a 10,000 seat capacity and was designed to host ( pre-season ) AFL and is currently home to the Northern Territory Thunder . In 2004 , an AFL pre-season Regional Challenge match between Collingwood Football Club and Port Adelaide Football Club attracted a capacity sell - out crowd .","sentences":["Australian rules football is a particularly popular sport in Alice Springs in terms of both participation and as a spectator sport .","The Central Australian Football League formed in 1947 has several teams .","The sport is particularly popular in Indigenous communities .","The local stadium , Traeger Park , has a 10,000 seat capacity and was designed to host ( pre-season )","AFL and is currently home to the Northern Territory Thunder .","In 2004 , an AFL pre-season Regional Challenge match between Collingwood Football Club and Port Adelaide Football Club attracted a capacity sell - out crowd ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6358491166782899311","input":"what is the temperature of a hibachi grill","passages":[{"title":"Hibachi","text":"The traditional Japanese hibachi is a heating device and not usually used for cooking . In English , however , `` hibachi '' often refers to small cooking grills typically made of aluminium or cast iron , with the latter generally being of higher quality . Owing to their small size , hibachi grills are popular as a form of portable barbecue . They resemble traditional , Japanese , charcoal - heated cooking utensils called shichirin . It has been suggested that these grills were confusingly marketed as `` hibachi '' when they were introduced to North America because that word was easier than `` shichirin '' for English speakers to pronounce . Click here to listen to the pronunciation of `` shichirin '' ( help info )","sentences":["The traditional Japanese hibachi is a heating device and not usually used for cooking .","In English , however , `` hibachi '' often refers to small cooking grills typically made of aluminium or cast iron , with the latter generally being of higher quality .","Owing to their small size , hibachi grills are popular as a form of portable barbecue .","They resemble traditional , Japanese , charcoal - heated cooking utensils called shichirin .","It has been suggested that these grills were confusingly marketed as `` hibachi '' when they were introduced to North America because that word was easier than `` shichirin '' for English speakers to pronounce .","Click here to listen to the pronunciation of `` shichirin '' ( help info )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5292701306412614161","input":"what are the lyrics to john cena's theme song","passages":[{"title":"The Time Is Now (John Cena song)","text":"`` The Time Is Now '' Single by John Cena and Tha Trademarc from the album You Ca n't See Me Released April 9 , 2005 Format CD single digital download Recorded 2005 Genre Pop - rap G - funk Length 2 : 57 Label WWE Songwriter ( s ) John Cena Marc Predka Amanda Star Robert L. Russell J. Grinnage E. Murry D. Pittman Julian `` Jay '' Alphonso Williams Producer ( s ) Jake Onek John Cena and Tha Trademarc singles chronology `` Basic Thuganomics '' ( 2005 ) `` The Time Is Now '' ( 2005 ) `` Bad Bad Man '' ( 2005 ) `` Basic Thuganomics '' ( 2005 ) `` The Time is Now '' ( 2005 ) `` Bad Bad Man '' ( 2005 ) You Ca n't See Me track listing `` The Time is Now '' ( 1 ) `` Do n't Fuck with Us '' ( 2 ) Audio sample file help","sentences":["`` The Time Is Now '' Single by John Cena and Tha Trademarc from the album You Ca n't See Me Released April 9 , 2005 Format CD single digital download Recorded 2005","Genre Pop - rap G - funk Length 2 : 57 Label WWE Songwriter ( s ) John Cena Marc Predka Amanda Star Robert L. Russell J. Grinnage E. Murry D. Pittman Julian `` Jay '' Alphonso Williams Producer ( s ) Jake Onek John Cena and Tha Trademarc singles chronology `` Basic Thuganomics '' ( 2005 )","`` The Time Is Now '' ( 2005 ) `` Bad Bad Man '' ( 2005 )","`` Basic Thuganomics '' ( 2005 )","`` The Time is Now '' ( 2005 ) `` Bad Bad Man '' ( 2005 )","You Ca n't See Me track listing `` The Time is Now '' ( 1 ) `` Do n't Fuck with Us '' ( 2 ) Audio sample file help"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5030711684227876787","input":"what are the hilda trojan and greek asteroids","passages":[{"title":"Hilda group","text":"The Hilda or Hildian asteroids are a dynamical group of asteroids in a 3 : 2 orbital resonance with Jupiter . The namesake is the asteroid 153 Hilda . Hildas move in their elliptical orbits so that their aphelia put them opposite Jupiter ( at L ) , or 60 degrees ahead of or behind Jupiter at the L and L Lagrangian points . Over three successive orbits each Hilda asteroid approaches all of these three points in sequence . A Hilda 's orbit has a semi-major axis between 3.7 AU and 4.2 AU ( the average over a long time span is 3.97 ) , an eccentricity less than 0.3 , and an inclination less than 20 \u00b0 . Two collisional families exist within the Hilda group : the Hilda family and the Schubart family . The namesake for the latter family is 1911 Schubart . There are more than 1,100 known Hilda asteroids including unnumbered objects .","sentences":["The Hilda or Hildian asteroids are a dynamical group of asteroids in a 3 : 2 orbital resonance with Jupiter .","The namesake is the asteroid 153 Hilda .","Hildas move in their elliptical orbits so that their aphelia put them opposite Jupiter ( at L ) , or 60 degrees ahead of or behind Jupiter at the L and L Lagrangian points .","Over three successive orbits each Hilda asteroid approaches all of these three points in sequence .","A Hilda 's orbit has a semi-major axis between 3.7 AU and 4.2 AU ( the average over a long time span is 3.97 ) , an eccentricity less than 0.3 , and an inclination less than 20 \u00b0 .","Two collisional families exist within the Hilda group : the Hilda family and the Schubart family .","The namesake for the latter family is 1911 Schubart .","There are more than 1,100 known Hilda asteroids including unnumbered objects ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8099997561384411289","input":"what is the scientific name for the black panther","passages":[{"title":"Leopard","text":"The leopard has the largest distribution of all wild cats , occurring widely in Africa as well as eastern and southern Asia , although populations have shown a declining trend , and are fragmented outside of sub-Saharan Africa . Within sub-Saharan Africa , the species is still numerous and even thriving in marginal habitats where other large cats have disappeared , although there is considerable potential for human - leopard conflict due to leopards predating livestock . Populations in North Africa may be extinct . Data on their distribution in Asia are not consistent . Populations in southwest and central Asia are small and fragmented ; in the northeast , they are critically endangered . In the Indian subcontinent , Southeast Asia , and China , leopards are still relatively abundant . Of the species as a whole , its numbers are greater than those of other Panthera species , all of which face more acute conservation concerns .","sentences":["The leopard has the largest distribution of all wild cats , occurring widely in Africa as well as eastern and southern Asia , although populations have shown a declining trend , and are fragmented outside of sub-Saharan Africa .","Within sub-Saharan Africa , the species is still numerous and even thriving in marginal habitats where other large cats have disappeared , although there is considerable potential for human - leopard conflict due to leopards predating livestock .","Populations in North Africa may be extinct .","Data on their distribution in Asia are not consistent .","Populations in southwest and central Asia are small and fragmented ; in the northeast , they are critically endangered .","In the Indian subcontinent , Southeast Asia , and China , leopards are still relatively abundant .","Of the species as a whole , its numbers are greater than those of other Panthera species , all of which face more acute conservation concerns ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3917232793598549891","input":"when did they start selling nutella in the us","passages":[{"title":"Nutella","text":"The process of making this spread begins with the extraction of cocoa powder from the cocoa bean . These cocoa beans are harvested from cocoa trees and are left to dry for about ten days before being shipped for processing . Typically cocoa beans contain approximately 50 percent of cocoa butter ; therefore , they must be roasted to reduce the cocoa bean into a liquid form . This step is not sufficient for turning cocoa bean into a chocolate paste because it solidifies at room temperature , and would not be spreadable . After the initial roast , the liquid paste is sent to presses , which are used to squeeze the butter out of the cocoa bean . The final products are round discs of chocolate made of pure compressed cocoa . The cocoa butter is transferred elsewhere so it can be used in other products .","sentences":["The process of making this spread begins with the extraction of cocoa powder from the cocoa bean .","These cocoa beans are harvested from cocoa trees and are left to dry for about ten days before being shipped for processing .","Typically cocoa beans contain approximately 50 percent of cocoa butter ; therefore , they must be roasted to reduce the cocoa bean into a liquid form .","This step is not sufficient for turning cocoa bean into a chocolate paste because it solidifies at room temperature , and would not be spreadable .","After the initial roast , the liquid paste is sent to presses , which are used to squeeze the butter out of the cocoa bean .","The final products are round discs of chocolate made of pure compressed cocoa .","The cocoa butter is transferred elsewhere so it can be used in other products ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6767709743118564128","input":"what chinese emperor established a standardized written language","passages":[{"title":"Written Chinese","text":"Chinese characters do not reliably indicate their pronunciation , even for one dialect . It is therefore useful to be able to transliterate a dialect of Chinese into the Latin alphabet or the Perso - Arabic script Xiao'erjing for those who can not read Chinese characters . However , transliteration was not always considered merely a way to record the sounds of any particular dialect of Chinese ; it was once also considered a potential replacement for the Chinese characters . This was first prominently proposed during the May Fourth Movement , and it gained further support with the victory of the Communists in 1949 . Immediately afterward , the mainland government began two parallel programs relating to written Chinese . One was the development of an alphabetic script for Mandarin , which was spoken by about two - thirds of the Chinese population ; the other was the simplification of the traditional characters -- a process that would eventually lead to simplified Chinese . The latter was not viewed as an impediment to the former ; rather , it would ease the transition toward the exclusive use of an alphabetic ( or at least phonetic ) script .","sentences":["Chinese characters do not reliably indicate their pronunciation , even for one dialect .","It is therefore useful to be able to transliterate a dialect of Chinese into the Latin alphabet or the Perso - Arabic script Xiao'erjing for those who can not read Chinese characters .","However , transliteration was not always considered merely a way to record the sounds of any particular dialect of Chinese ; it was once also considered a potential replacement for the Chinese characters .","This was first prominently proposed during the May Fourth Movement , and it gained further support with the victory of the Communists in 1949 .","Immediately afterward , the mainland government began two parallel programs relating to written Chinese .","One was the development of an alphabetic script for Mandarin , which was spoken by about two - thirds of the Chinese population ; the other was the simplification of the traditional characters -- a process that would eventually lead to simplified Chinese .","The latter was not viewed as an impediment to the former ; rather , it would ease the transition toward the exclusive use of an alphabetic ( or at least phonetic ) script ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3545073897064318180","input":"what is the pressure in the lungs after expiration","passages":[{"title":"Exhalation","text":"Asthma , COPD , and smokers have reduced airflow ability . People who suffer from asthma and COPD show decreases in exhaled air due to inflammation of the airways . This inflammation causes narrowing of the airways which allows less air to be exhaled . Numerous things cause inflammation some examples are cigarette smoke and environmental interactions such as allergies , weather , and exercise . In smokers the inability to exhale fully is due to the loss of elasticity in the lungs . Smoke in the lungs causes them to harden and become less elastic , which prevents the lungs from expanding or shrinking as they normally would .","sentences":["Asthma , COPD , and smokers have reduced airflow ability .","People who suffer from asthma and COPD show decreases in exhaled air due to inflammation of the airways .","This inflammation causes narrowing of the airways which allows less air to be exhaled .","Numerous things cause inflammation some examples are cigarette smoke and environmental interactions such as allergies , weather , and exercise .","In smokers the inability to exhale fully is due to the loss of elasticity in the lungs .","Smoke in the lungs causes them to harden and become less elastic , which prevents the lungs from expanding or shrinking as they normally would ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7522016482599834404","input":"mark who won two golf majors in 98","passages":[{"title":"Rory McIlroy","text":"After a disappointing 2017 season , which was plagued by a rib injury first sustained at the 2017 BMW SA Open in January , McIlroy returned after more than 100 days away at the Abu Dhabi HSBC Championship in late January . Prior to the tournament , McIlroy revealed he has a slight heart irregularity but played down the impact on his golf. . McIlroy finished runner - up to Li Haotong in the Omega Dubai Desert Classic . He lost out by one stroke , having lead by two with five holes to play . It was his 16th runner - up finish on the European Tour and the 22nd runner - up finish of his career . On 18 March 2018 , he won the Arnold Palmer Invitational with a final - round 64 , his first win since winning the Tour Championship ( and FedEx Cup ) in 2016 .","sentences":["After a disappointing 2017 season , which was plagued by a rib injury first sustained at the 2017 BMW SA Open in January , McIlroy returned after more than 100 days away at the Abu Dhabi HSBC Championship in late January .","Prior to the tournament , McIlroy revealed he has a slight heart irregularity but played down the impact on his golf. .","McIlroy finished runner - up to Li Haotong in the Omega Dubai Desert Classic .","He lost out by one stroke , having lead by two with five holes to play .","It was his 16th runner - up finish on the European Tour and the 22nd runner - up finish of his career .","On 18 March 2018 , he won the Arnold Palmer Invitational with a final - round 64 , his first win since winning the Tour Championship ( and FedEx Cup ) in 2016 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9182508669930805054","input":"what are the first principles of the texas declaration of independence","passages":[{"title":"Texas Declaration of Independence","text":"Sixty men signed the Texas Declaration of Independence . Three of them were born in Mexico . Fifty - seven of the sixty moved to Texas from the United States . Ten of them had lived in Texas for more than six years , while one - quarter of them had been in the province for less than a year . This is significant , because it indicates that the majority of signatories had moved to Texas after the Law of April 6 , 1830 , banning immigration , had taken effect , meaning that the majority were legally citizens of the United States , occupying Texas illegally . Fifty - nine of these men were delegates to the Convention , and one was the Convention Secretary , Herbert S. Kimble , who was not a delegate .","sentences":["Sixty men signed the Texas Declaration of Independence .","Three of them were born in Mexico .","Fifty - seven of the sixty moved to Texas from the United States .","Ten of them had lived in Texas for more than six years , while one - quarter of them had been in the province for less than a year .","This is significant , because it indicates that the majority of signatories had moved to Texas after the Law of April 6 , 1830 , banning immigration , had taken effect , meaning that the majority were legally citizens of the United States , occupying Texas illegally .","Fifty - nine of these men were delegates to the Convention , and one was the Convention Secretary , Herbert S. Kimble , who was not a delegate ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2695464620005092024","input":"when was last time liverpool won the premier league","passages":[{"title":"Liverpool F.C.","text":"He ( Shankly ) thought the colour scheme would carry psychological impact -- red for danger , red for power . He came into the dressing room one day and threw a pair of red shorts to Ronnie Yeats . `` Get into those shorts and let 's see how you look '' , he said . `` Christ , Ronnie , you look awesome , terrifying . You look 7 ft tall . '' `` Why not go the whole hog , boss ? '' I suggested . `` Why not wear red socks ? Let 's go out all in red . '' Shankly approved and an iconic kit was born .","sentences":["He ( Shankly ) thought the colour scheme would carry psychological impact -- red for danger , red for power .","He came into the dressing room one day and threw a pair of red shorts to Ronnie Yeats .","`` Get into those shorts and let 's see how you look '' , he said .","`` Christ , Ronnie , you look awesome , terrifying .","You look 7 ft tall . ''","`` Why not go the whole hog , boss ? ''","I suggested .","`` Why not wear red socks ?","Let 's go out all in red . ''","Shankly approved and an iconic kit was born ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6531386737473870908","input":"what caused the british reverses in the opening stage of the war","passages":[{"title":"Great Britain in the Seven Years' War","text":"Alarmed by the sudden switch in the European Balance of Power the British made a similar agreement with Prussia at the Westminster Convention . By doing this Newcastle hoped to rebalance the two sides in central Europe - and thereby make a war potentially mutually destructive to all . This he hoped would stop either Austria or Prussia making an attack on the other and would prevent an all - out war in Europe . This would allow Britain and France to continue their colonial skirmishes without formal war being declared in Europe . Frederick the Great had a number of supporters in London , including William Pitt who welcomed the rapprochement between Britain and Prussia . The Dutch Republic , a long - standing ally of Britain , declared its neutrality in the wake of the Westminster Convention and had no active participation in the coming conflict .","sentences":["Alarmed by the sudden switch in the European Balance of Power the British made a similar agreement with Prussia at the Westminster Convention .","By doing this Newcastle hoped to rebalance the two sides in central Europe - and thereby make a war potentially mutually destructive to all .","This he hoped would stop either Austria or Prussia making an attack on the other and would prevent an all - out war in Europe .","This would allow Britain and France to continue their colonial skirmishes without formal war being declared in Europe .","Frederick the Great had a number of supporters in London , including William Pitt who welcomed the rapprochement between Britain and Prussia .","The Dutch Republic , a long - standing ally of Britain , declared its neutrality in the wake of the Westminster Convention and had no active participation in the coming conflict ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6299916391688883781","input":"what is required for a letter of credit","passages":[{"title":"Letter of credit","text":"It might also be feasible to typify letters of credit as a collateral contract for a third - party beneficiary , because three different entities participate in the transaction : the seller , the buyer , and the banker . Jean Domat suggests that because letters of credit are prompted by the buyer 's necessity , the cause of a LC is to release the buyer of his obligation to pay directly to the seller . Therefore , a LC theoretically fits as a collateral contract accepted by conduct or in other words , an implied - in - fact contract where the buyer participates as the third party beneficiary with the bank acting as the stipulator and the seller as the promisor . The term `` beneficiary '' is not used properly in the scheme of an LC because a beneficiary ( also , in trust law , cestui que use ) in the broadest sense is a natural person or other legal entity who receives money or other benefits from a benefactor . Note that under the scheme of letters of credit , banks are neither benefactors of sellers nor benefactors of buyers and the seller receives no money in gratuity mode . Thus is possible that a `` letter of credit '' was one of those contracts that needed to be masked to disguise the `` consideration or privity requirement '' . As a result , this kind of arrangement would make letter of credit to be enforceable under the action assumpsit because of its promissory connotation .","sentences":["It might also be feasible to typify letters of credit as a collateral contract for a third - party beneficiary , because three different entities participate in the transaction : the seller , the buyer , and the banker .","Jean Domat suggests that because letters of credit are prompted by the buyer 's necessity , the cause of a LC is to release the buyer of his obligation to pay directly to the seller .","Therefore , a LC theoretically fits as a collateral contract accepted by conduct or in other words , an implied - in - fact contract where the buyer participates as the third party beneficiary with the bank acting as the stipulator and the seller as the promisor .","The term `` beneficiary '' is not used properly in the scheme of an LC because a beneficiary ( also , in trust law , cestui que use ) in the broadest sense is a natural person or other legal entity who receives money or other benefits from a benefactor .","Note that under the scheme of letters of credit , banks are neither benefactors of sellers nor benefactors of buyers and the seller receives no money in gratuity mode .","Thus is possible that a `` letter of credit '' was one of those contracts that needed to be masked to disguise the `` consideration or privity requirement '' .","As a result , this kind of arrangement would make letter of credit to be enforceable under the action assumpsit because of its promissory connotation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8065828751409607693","input":"who plays elsa in frozen at california adventure","passages":[{"title":"Elsa (Frozen)","text":"The character of Elsa was widely praised by reviewers for her multifaceted , evolving personality . Matt Goldberg of Collider.com commented that she was `` an incredibly sympathetic character '' , while Deepanjana Pal of First Post ( India ) praised the decision to rewrite her as a protagonist and said , `` Elsa is no evil , frosty vision of twisted and toxic maternity like the original Snow Queen . She 's a young woman in difficult circumstances , frightened , trying to understand her abilities and burdened by expectation and convention . It 's easy to sympathise with her and marvel at her ability when she builds her spectacular palace in the mountains . Next to her , Anna is very much a child who needs to grow up and she does in the course of the film . '' Stuff.co.nz 's James Croot compared her `` humiliation and exile '' to that of Simba in The Lion King . Katherine Webb , a reviewer for Wall St. Cheat Sheet , said that the scenes depicting Elsa gaining confidence and individuality delivered `` an exciting message to send to young girls looking for a new princess role model '' . Gary Wright of Rotoscopers state `` Her mental anguish and uncontrollable powers define modern feminism . Elsa represents the boundless female spirit - strong and graceful , with the power to change the world . ''","sentences":["The character of Elsa was widely praised by reviewers for her multifaceted , evolving personality .","Matt Goldberg of Collider.com commented that she was `` an incredibly sympathetic character '' , while Deepanjana Pal of First Post ( India ) praised the decision to rewrite her as a protagonist and said , `` Elsa is no evil , frosty vision of twisted and toxic maternity like the original Snow Queen .","She 's a young woman in difficult circumstances , frightened , trying to understand her abilities and burdened by expectation and convention .","It 's easy to sympathise with her and marvel at her ability when she builds her spectacular palace in the mountains .","Next to her , Anna is very much a child who needs to grow up and she does in the course of the film . ''","Stuff.co.nz 's James Croot compared her `` humiliation and exile '' to that of Simba in The Lion King .","Katherine Webb , a reviewer for Wall St. Cheat Sheet , said that the scenes depicting Elsa gaining confidence and individuality delivered `` an exciting message to send to young girls looking for a new princess role model '' .","Gary Wright of Rotoscopers state `` Her mental anguish and uncontrollable powers define modern feminism .","Elsa represents the boundless female spirit - strong and graceful , with the power to change the world . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9049899982425428809","input":"what does it mean for a lone pair to be delocalized","passages":[{"title":"Delocalized electron","text":"In diamond all four outer electrons of each carbon atom are ' localized ' between the atoms in covalent bonding . The movement of electrons is restricted and diamond does not conduct an electric current . In graphite , each carbon atom uses only 3 of its 4 outer energy level electrons in covalently bonding to three other carbon atoms in a plane . Each carbon atom contributes one electron to a delocalized system of electrons that is also a part of the chemical bonding . The delocalized electrons are free to move throughout the plane . For this reason , graphite conducts electricity along the planes of carbon atoms , but does not conduct in a direction at right angles to the plane .","sentences":["In diamond all four outer electrons of each carbon atom are ' localized ' between the atoms in covalent bonding .","The movement of electrons is restricted and diamond does not conduct an electric current .","In graphite , each carbon atom uses only 3 of its 4 outer energy level electrons in covalently bonding to three other carbon atoms in a plane .","Each carbon atom contributes one electron to a delocalized system of electrons that is also a part of the chemical bonding .","The delocalized electrons are free to move throughout the plane .","For this reason , graphite conducts electricity along the planes of carbon atoms , but does not conduct in a direction at right angles to the plane ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3693350789125969825","input":"where did the term over the counter come from","passages":[{"title":"Over-the-counter drug","text":"Prescription Only Medication ( POM ) , which are legally available only with a valid prescription from a prescriber . A pharmacist has to be on the premises for POM medicines to be dispensed , required by law . The medicine has been specifically prescribed for the patient holding the prescription , so it is considered safe for only the recipient to take . Just a small example of these include most antibiotics and all antidepressants or antidiabetic medications . Drugs included as POM are high - strength painkillers such as oxycodone and tramadol , medications such as sildenafil ( Viagra ) and diazepam ( Valium ) , and certain topical preparations such as corticosteroids . These medicines are often sold by drug dealers , especially those marked as `` CD POM , '' which are controlled due to abuse risk such as dipipanone , temazepam , and methadone .","sentences":["Prescription Only Medication ( POM ) , which are legally available only with a valid prescription from a prescriber .","A pharmacist has to be on the premises for POM medicines to be dispensed , required by law .","The medicine has been specifically prescribed for the patient holding the prescription , so it is considered safe for only the recipient to take .","Just a small example of these include most antibiotics and all antidepressants or antidiabetic medications .","Drugs included as POM are high - strength painkillers such as oxycodone and tramadol , medications such as sildenafil ( Viagra ) and diazepam ( Valium ) , and certain topical preparations such as corticosteroids .","These medicines are often sold by drug dealers , especially those marked as `` CD POM , '' which are controlled due to abuse risk such as dipipanone , temazepam , and methadone ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2829390617149424244","input":"how many species of moth in the uk","passages":[{"title":"Moth","text":"Moths frequently appear to circle artificial lights , although the reason for this behavior remains unknown . One hypothesis to explain this behavior is that moths use a technique of celestial navigation called transverse orientation . By maintaining a constant angular relationship to a bright celestial light , such as the moon , they can fly in a straight line . Celestial objects are so far away that , even after travelling great distances , the change in angle between the moth and the light source is negligible ; further , the moon will always be in the upper part of the visual field , or on the horizon . When a moth encounters a much closer artificial light and uses it for navigation , the angle changes noticeably after only a short distance , in addition to being often below the horizon . The moth instinctively attempts to correct by turning toward the light , thereby causing airborne moths to come plummeting downward , and resulting in a spiral flight path that gets closer and closer to the light source .","sentences":["Moths frequently appear to circle artificial lights , although the reason for this behavior remains unknown .","One hypothesis to explain this behavior is that moths use a technique of celestial navigation called transverse orientation .","By maintaining a constant angular relationship to a bright celestial light , such as the moon , they can fly in a straight line .","Celestial objects are so far away that , even after travelling great distances , the change in angle between the moth and the light source is negligible ; further , the moon will always be in the upper part of the visual field , or on the horizon .","When a moth encounters a much closer artificial light and uses it for navigation , the angle changes noticeably after only a short distance , in addition to being often below the horizon .","The moth instinctively attempts to correct by turning toward the light , thereby causing airborne moths to come plummeting downward , and resulting in a spiral flight path that gets closer and closer to the light source ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9214427803154079329","input":"what term best describes the battle of gettysburg","passages":[{"title":"Battle of Gettysburg","text":"Gen . Robert E. Lee , ( Commanding ) CSA Lt. Gen . James Longstreet , CSA Lt ... Gen . Richard S. Ewell , CSA Lt. Gen . A.P. Hill , CSA Maj. Gen . J.E.B. Stuart , CSA","sentences":["Gen .","Robert E. Lee , ( Commanding ) CSA Lt. Gen .","James Longstreet , CSA Lt ... Gen .","Richard S. Ewell , CSA Lt. Gen .","A.P. Hill , CSA Maj. Gen .","J.E.B. Stuart , CSA"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7307506524785191595","input":"is there a mercy rule in the college world series","passages":[{"title":"Mercy rule","text":"The National Collegiate Athletic Association 's mercy rule provides , `` Any time during the game , the playing time of any remaining period or periods and the intermission between halves may be shortened by mutual agreement of the opposing head coaches and the referee . '' ( NCAA Football Rule 3 - 2 - 2 - a ) NCAA Football Approved Ruling 3 - 2 - 2 - I cites an example : `` At halftime the score is 56 -- 0 . The coaches and the referee agree that the third and fourth quarters should be shortened to 12 minutes each . The coaches also request that the second half be played with a ' running clock ' i.e. , that the game clock not be stopped . '' The NCAA Football Rules Committee determined , `` The remaining quarters may be shortened to 12 minutes each . However , the ' running clock ' is not allowed ; normal clock rules apply for the entire game . ''","sentences":["The National Collegiate Athletic Association 's mercy rule provides , `` Any time during the game , the playing time of any remaining period or periods and the intermission between halves may be shortened by mutual agreement of the opposing head coaches and the referee . ''","( NCAA Football Rule 3 - 2 - 2 - a )","NCAA Football Approved Ruling 3 - 2 - 2 - I cites an example : `` At halftime the score is 56 -- 0 .","The coaches and the referee agree that the third and fourth quarters should be shortened to 12 minutes each .","The coaches also request that the second half be played with a ' running clock ' i.e. , that the game clock not be stopped . ''","The NCAA Football Rules Committee determined , `` The remaining quarters may be shortened to 12 minutes each .","However , the ' running clock ' is not allowed ; normal clock rules apply for the entire game . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"812504466197933253","input":"how is kaunakes different in egypt compared to mesopotamia","passages":[{"title":"Kaunakes","text":"It is also believed that kaunakes , as a fashioned fleece , while not mentioned prior to 300 BC could be traced to the 400 -- 300 BC . During the Greek period of Aristophanes the garment was made from goat 's hair or wool in the style of a weighty mantle or cape . Coptic Egypt , not Mesopotamia , is credited with the original design of woven tapestry with projecting long locks or strands of wool . Its manufacture evolved into kaunakes when the woven fringe design began to mirror the original fleece and fur and was shaped as a mantle . These were worn during the winter season as a shawl over the shoulders , and during summer adapted as a skirt . Over the centuries many designs evolved with sleeves , then variants were made with cloth instead of fleece , and eventually , it evolved back to a cape sans sleeves . Kaunakes","sentences":["It is also believed that kaunakes , as a fashioned fleece , while not mentioned prior to 300 BC could be traced to the 400 -- 300 BC .","During the Greek period of Aristophanes the garment was made from goat 's hair or wool in the style of a weighty mantle or cape .","Coptic Egypt , not Mesopotamia , is credited with the original design of woven tapestry with projecting long locks or strands of wool .","Its manufacture evolved into kaunakes when the woven fringe design began to mirror the original fleece and fur and was shaped as a mantle .","These were worn during the winter season as a shawl over the shoulders , and during summer adapted as a skirt .","Over the centuries many designs evolved with sleeves , then variants were made with cloth instead of fleece , and eventually , it evolved back to a cape sans sleeves .","Kaunakes"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1760810455408907667","input":"who is the nurse who helps jessica jones","passages":[{"title":"Claire Temple","text":"Luke Cage meets Dr. Claire Temple , who works with Dr. Noah Burstein at his 42nd Street storefront clinic . Cage has been shot by hitmen sent by the criminal Diamondback , and Claire is surprised to find him only bruised by the bullets . She is subsequently kidnapped by Diamondback , whom Cage discovers is his old friend Willis Stryker , the man who had framed Cage for the crime that sent him to prison . Cage frees Claire but Diamondback is killed by one of his own weapons . Claire corroborates Cage 's story with the police , and the two become romantically involved . In 1973 , Claire is surprised to see two grateful clients kissing Cage , but spending Christmas Eve together they are assaulted twice by the criminal Marley , whom Cage later subdues . As Claire and Cage continue dating , Dr. Burstein -- who is partially responsible for giving Cage his powers -- continues to keep the secret from Claire ( Daily Bugle reporter Phil Fox ) that Cage escaped from prison . Cage is tortured by his complicity in the death of the criminal Lionfang , but Claire helps him to realize that the villain brought it upon himself . Having discovered Cage 's secret but unable to publish it , Fox teams up with Cage 's prison guard nemesis Billy Bob Rackham to get revenge on Cage by kidnapping Claire . They kidnap the wrong woman , Fox is killed and the police find Claire holding the murder weapon . Cage creates a distraction to talk to Claire in custody , and she tells him that she now knows he is an escaped convict . Cage vows to find Fox 's real killer . Rackham is revealed as the murderer , exonerating Claire , who is reunited with Cage .","sentences":["Luke Cage meets Dr. Claire Temple , who works with Dr. Noah Burstein at his 42nd Street storefront clinic .","Cage has been shot by hitmen sent by the criminal Diamondback , and Claire is surprised to find him only bruised by the bullets .","She is subsequently kidnapped by Diamondback , whom Cage discovers is his old friend Willis Stryker , the man who had framed Cage for the crime that sent him to prison .","Cage frees Claire but Diamondback is killed by one of his own weapons .","Claire corroborates Cage 's story with the police , and the two become romantically involved .","In 1973 , Claire is surprised to see two grateful clients kissing Cage , but spending Christmas Eve together they are assaulted twice by the criminal Marley , whom Cage later subdues .","As Claire and Cage continue dating , Dr. Burstein -- who is partially responsible for giving Cage his powers -- continues to keep the secret from Claire ( Daily Bugle reporter Phil Fox ) that Cage escaped from prison .","Cage is tortured by his complicity in the death of the criminal Lionfang , but Claire helps him to realize that the villain brought it upon himself .","Having discovered Cage 's secret but unable to publish it , Fox teams up with Cage 's prison guard nemesis Billy Bob Rackham to get revenge on Cage by kidnapping Claire .","They kidnap the wrong woman , Fox is killed and the police find Claire holding the murder weapon .","Cage creates a distraction to talk to Claire in custody , and she tells him that she now knows he is an escaped convict .","Cage vows to find Fox 's real killer .","Rackham is revealed as the murderer , exonerating Claire , who is reunited with Cage ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5510975909806638087","input":"what happened to will turner in pirates of the caribbean","passages":[{"title":"Will Turner","text":"To save Elizabeth , Will hunts for Jack Sparrow and the Black Pearl . He finds the crew captive on Pelegosto , a cannibal - inhabited island . They escape , and are unexpectedly reunited with Pintel and Ragetti . Jack agrees to give Will his compass if he helps him find a key , though he has no idea what it unlocks . Jack seeks out Tia Dalma , a voodoo priestess who takes a particular interest in Will , proclaiming he has a `` touch of destiny . '' Dalma says the key is to the Dead Man 's Chest containing the heart of Davy Jones . Sparrow had once struck a bargain with Davy Jones to raise the Black Pearl from the ocean bottom and to make Jack captain for 13 years . Sparrow would then serve aboard the Dutchman for a century . When Jones attempts to collect on this deal , Jack reneges on the bargain .","sentences":["To save Elizabeth , Will hunts for Jack Sparrow and the Black Pearl .","He finds the crew captive on Pelegosto , a cannibal - inhabited island .","They escape , and are unexpectedly reunited with Pintel and Ragetti .","Jack agrees to give Will his compass if he helps him find a key , though he has no idea what it unlocks .","Jack seeks out Tia Dalma , a voodoo priestess who takes a particular interest in Will , proclaiming he has a `` touch of destiny . ''","Dalma says the key is to the Dead Man 's Chest containing the heart of Davy Jones .","Sparrow had once struck a bargain with Davy Jones to raise the Black Pearl from the ocean bottom and to make Jack captain for 13 years .","Sparrow would then serve aboard the Dutchman for a century .","When Jones attempts to collect on this deal , Jack reneges on the bargain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7658195763112730017","input":"where was the cliff scene in pride and prejudice filmed","passages":[{"title":"Pride & Prejudice (2005 film)","text":"Citing the year Austen first wrote a draft of the novel , Wright and Moggach changed the period setting from 1813 ( the novel 's publication date ) to the late eighteenth century ; this decision was partly because Wright wanted to highlight the differences within an England influenced by the French Revolution , as he was fascinated that it had `` caused an atmosphere among the British aristocracy of fear '' . Additionally , Wright chose the earlier period because he hated dresses with an empire silhouette , which were popular in the later period . The decision helped make the film visually distinct from other recent Austen adaptations . In comparison to the popular 1995 BBC version , which featured Colin Firth and Jennifer Ehle , producer Paul Webster desired to make an adaptation that `` does n't conform to the television drama stereotypes of a perfect clean Regency world '' . Wright and Moggach opted for a `` muddy hem version '' of Longbourn , presenting a more rural setting than in previous adaptations out of a desire to depict the Bennets in `` very close proximity to their rural life '' and to emphasise their relative poverty . While the degree of poverty was criticised by some critics , Wright felt that the `` mess adds to the drama of the predicament that the family were in '' , and helps contrast the Bennets , Darcys , and Bingleys .","sentences":["Citing the year Austen first wrote a draft of the novel , Wright and Moggach changed the period setting from 1813 ( the novel 's publication date ) to the late eighteenth century ; this decision was partly because Wright wanted to highlight the differences within an England influenced by the French Revolution , as he was fascinated that it had `` caused an atmosphere among the British aristocracy of fear '' .","Additionally , Wright chose the earlier period because he hated dresses with an empire silhouette , which were popular in the later period .","The decision helped make the film visually distinct from other recent Austen adaptations .","In comparison to the popular 1995 BBC version , which featured Colin Firth and Jennifer Ehle , producer Paul Webster desired to make an adaptation that `` does n't conform to the television drama stereotypes of a perfect clean Regency world '' .","Wright and Moggach opted for a `` muddy hem version '' of Longbourn , presenting a more rural setting than in previous adaptations out of a desire to depict the Bennets in `` very close proximity to their rural life '' and to emphasise their relative poverty .","While the degree of poverty was criticised by some critics , Wright felt that the `` mess adds to the drama of the predicament that the family were in '' , and helps contrast the Bennets , Darcys , and Bingleys ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2397596730165625608","input":"where did the rings come from in lord of the rings","passages":[{"title":"Rings of Power","text":"The One Ring possessed something of a will of its own . Its only accepted master was Sauron himself , and it would seek to leave any other bearer when it would cause the greatest harm , or when it might return to Sauron . Bilbo warned Frodo of this , and Frodo kept it on a chain so that it would not slip off unnoticed . In the end , Gollum succumbs to the malevolent influence of the ring , defies Frodo , and takes the ring for himself . While dancing with joy over the recovery of the ring , Gollum falls into the Cracks of Doom in Orodruin , where the ring is destroyed . With the destruction of the Ring , Gandalf explains that Sauron is weakened to the point that he will never be able to materialize again .","sentences":["The One Ring possessed something of a will of its own .","Its only accepted master was Sauron himself , and it would seek to leave any other bearer when it would cause the greatest harm , or when it might return to Sauron .","Bilbo warned Frodo of this , and Frodo kept it on a chain so that it would not slip off unnoticed .","In the end , Gollum succumbs to the malevolent influence of the ring , defies Frodo , and takes the ring for himself .","While dancing with joy over the recovery of the ring , Gollum falls into the Cracks of Doom in Orodruin , where the ring is destroyed .","With the destruction of the Ring , Gandalf explains that Sauron is weakened to the point that he will never be able to materialize again ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3885045838296333054","input":"why are afc games being shown on fox","passages":[{"title":"National Football League on television","text":"Finally , sideline reporters are restricted as to whom they can speak to and when ( usually a head coach at halftime , and one or two players before and after the game ends ) . Information on injured players or rules interpretations are relayed from NFL off - field officials to the TV producers in the truck , who then pass it along to the sideline reporters or booth announcers . Thus , CBS opted in 2006 to no longer use sideline reporters except for some playoff games . ESPN followed suit by reducing the roles of their sideline reporters in 2008 . Fox hired former NFL officiating director Mike Pereira in 2010 , who relays rules interpretations from Los Angeles to the games that network covers , leaving their sideline reporters able to focus less on that role . Likewise , CBS hired retired referee Mike Carey in 2014 in the same role from New York on Sundays and the NFL Network in Culver City during Thursday Night Football games , though he departed the network after the 2015 season .","sentences":["Finally , sideline reporters are restricted as to whom they can speak to and when ( usually a head coach at halftime , and one or two players before and after the game ends ) .","Information on injured players or rules interpretations are relayed from NFL off - field officials to the TV producers in the truck , who then pass it along to the sideline reporters or booth announcers .","Thus , CBS opted in 2006 to no longer use sideline reporters except for some playoff games .","ESPN followed suit by reducing the roles of their sideline reporters in 2008 .","Fox hired former NFL officiating director Mike Pereira in 2010 , who relays rules interpretations from Los Angeles to the games that network covers , leaving their sideline reporters able to focus less on that role .","Likewise , CBS hired retired referee Mike Carey in 2014 in the same role from New York on Sundays and the NFL Network in Culver City during Thursday Night Football games , though he departed the network after the 2015 season ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7545612960213780535","input":"when was the first wireless computer mouse invented","passages":[{"title":"Computer mouse","text":"When holding a typical mouse , ulna and radius bones on the arm are crossed . Some designs attempt to place the palm more vertically , so the bones take more natural parallel position . Some limit wrist movement , encouraging to use arm instead that may be less precise but more optimal from the health point of view . A mouse may be angled from the thumb downward to the opposite side -- this is known to reduce wrist pronation . However such optimizations make the mouse right or left hand specific , making more problematic to change the tired hand . Time magazine has criticized manufacturers for offering few or no left - handed ergonomic mice : `` Oftentimes I felt like I was dealing with someone who 'd never actually met a left - handed person before . '' Keyboard","sentences":["When holding a typical mouse , ulna and radius bones on the arm are crossed .","Some designs attempt to place the palm more vertically , so the bones take more natural parallel position .","Some limit wrist movement , encouraging to use arm instead that may be less precise but more optimal from the health point of view .","A mouse may be angled from the thumb downward to the opposite side -- this is known to reduce wrist pronation .","However such optimizations make the mouse right or left hand specific , making more problematic to change the tired hand .","Time magazine has criticized manufacturers for offering few or no left - handed ergonomic mice : `` Oftentimes I felt like I was dealing with someone who 'd never actually met a left - handed person before . ''","Keyboard"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-782998423138604947","input":"does everyone celebrate christmas on the same day","passages":[{"title":"Christmas traditions","text":"The major day of celebration in Norway , as in most of Northern Europe , is December 24 . Although it is legally a regular workday until 16 : 00 , most stores close early . Church bells chime in the Christmas holiday between 17 : 00 and 18 : 00 . In some families the Christmas story from Luke 2 will be read from the old family Bible . The main Christmas meal is served in the evening . Common main dishes include pork rib , `` pinnekj\u00f8tt '' ( pieces of lamb rib steamed on a grid of birch wood ) . Many people also eat `` lutefisk '' or fresh , poached cod . Rice porridge is also popular ( but most commonly served as an early lunch rather than for the main Christmas dinner ) , an almond is often hidden in the porridge , and the person who finds it wins a treat or small gift . In some parts of Norway it is common to place porridge outside ( in a barn , outhouse or even in the forest ) to please `` Nissen '' . In many families , where the parents grew up with different traditions , two different main dishes are served to please everyone . If children are present ( and they have behaved well the last year ) , `` Julenissen '' ( Santa Claus ) pays a visit , otherwise gifts are stored under the Christmas tree .","sentences":["The major day of celebration in Norway , as in most of Northern Europe , is December 24 .","Although it is legally a regular workday until 16 : 00 , most stores close early .","Church bells chime in the Christmas holiday between 17 : 00 and 18 : 00 .","In some families the Christmas story from Luke 2 will be read from the old family Bible .","The main Christmas meal is served in the evening .","Common main dishes include pork rib , `` pinnekj\u00f8tt '' ( pieces of lamb rib steamed on a grid of birch wood ) .","Many people also eat `` lutefisk '' or fresh , poached cod .","Rice porridge is also popular ( but most commonly served as an early lunch rather than for the main Christmas dinner ) , an almond is often hidden in the porridge , and the person who finds it wins a treat or small gift .","In some parts of Norway it is common to place porridge outside ( in a barn , outhouse or even in the forest ) to please `` Nissen '' .","In many families , where the parents grew up with different traditions , two different main dishes are served to please everyone .","If children are present ( and they have behaved well the last year ) , `` Julenissen '' ( Santa Claus ) pays a visit , otherwise gifts are stored under the Christmas tree ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-508964584219648102","input":"how old was tony stark when howard stark dies","passages":[{"title":"Howard Stark","text":"Howard Stark is shown in the live - action Marvel Cinematic Universe movie series produced by Marvel Studios , portrayed by Dominic Cooper and John Slattery . Gerard Sanders portrayed the character in a brief memorial slideshow presentation in the beginning of the 2008 film Iron Man . Slattery first portrayed the character in the 2010 film Iron Man 2 where it is revealed that he is one of S.H.I.E.L.D. 's co-founders . Having placed a message for Tony Stark in a film reel , Howard gives Tony closure in their strained relationship while providing his son a diorama of the 1974 Stark Expo to perfect the Arc Reactor . Cooper first portrayed a younger iteration in the 2011 film Captain America : The First Avenger that aided in the Super Soldier Project and then the Strategic Scientific Reserve . His contributions include providing Steve Rogers with both a costume and shield . After the Hydra battleship that Rogers raided crashed in the ocean , Stark made attempts to find Rogers before his expeditions led to the Tesseract . Cooper reprises his role of Howard Stark in Marvel One - Shot film Agent Carter , where Peggy Carter helps Stark during S.H.I.E.L.D. 's formation . A still photograph of Cooper as Stark appears in the 2014 film Captain America : The Winter Soldier . Slattery reprised his role in the 2015 film Ant - Man . In a flashback in the late - 1980s , he witnesses Hank Pym 's resignation from S.H.I.E.L.D. after the discovery of them trying to replicate the Pym Particles without consent . While objecting to Pym 's actions , Stark felt that Mitchell Carson did deserve Hank 's punch following Mitchell 's inappropriate comment about Janet van Dyne . Slattery again reprised the role in the 2016 film Captain America : Civil War . It shows that the car crash said to be the cause of the deaths of Howard and Maria Stark on December 16 , 1991 was caused by Bucky Barnes while under Hydra 's control . Barnes caused the car to crash , and then killed the Starks with his bare hands after they survived the initial impact .","sentences":["Howard Stark is shown in the live - action Marvel Cinematic Universe movie series produced by Marvel Studios , portrayed by Dominic Cooper and John Slattery .","Gerard Sanders portrayed the character in a brief memorial slideshow presentation in the beginning of the 2008 film Iron Man .","Slattery first portrayed the character in the 2010 film Iron Man 2 where it is revealed that he is one of S.H.I.E.L.D. 's co-founders .","Having placed a message for Tony Stark in a film reel , Howard gives Tony closure in their strained relationship while providing his son a diorama of the 1974 Stark Expo to perfect the Arc Reactor .","Cooper first portrayed a younger iteration in the 2011 film Captain America : The First Avenger that aided in the Super Soldier Project and then the Strategic Scientific Reserve .","His contributions include providing Steve Rogers with both a costume and shield .","After the Hydra battleship that Rogers raided crashed in the ocean , Stark made attempts to find Rogers before his expeditions led to the Tesseract .","Cooper reprises his role of Howard Stark in Marvel One - Shot film Agent Carter , where Peggy Carter helps Stark during S.H.I.E.L.D. 's formation .","A still photograph of Cooper as Stark appears in the 2014 film Captain America : The Winter Soldier .","Slattery reprised his role in the 2015 film Ant - Man .","In a flashback in the late - 1980s , he witnesses Hank Pym 's resignation from S.H.I.E.L.D. after the discovery of them trying to replicate the Pym Particles without consent .","While objecting to Pym 's actions , Stark felt that Mitchell Carson did deserve Hank 's punch following Mitchell 's inappropriate comment about Janet van Dyne .","Slattery again reprised the role in the 2016 film Captain America : Civil War .","It shows that the car crash said to be the cause of the deaths of Howard and Maria Stark on December 16 , 1991 was caused by Bucky Barnes while under Hydra 's control .","Barnes caused the car to crash , and then killed the Starks with his bare hands after they survived the initial impact ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5361931271607594922","input":"what is a good unbiased estimator for the var(x)","passages":[{"title":"Unbiased estimation of standard deviation","text":"c 4 ( n ) = 2 n \u2212 1 \u0393 ( n 2 ) \u0393 ( n \u2212 1 2 ) = 1 \u2212 1 4 n \u2212 7 32 n 2 \u2212 19 128 n 3 + O ( n \u2212 4 ) ( \\ displaystyle c_ ( 4 ) ( n ) = ( \\ sqrt ( \\ frac ( 2 ) ( n - 1 ) ) ) ( \\ frac ( \\ Gamma \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( n ) ( 2 ) ) \\ right ) ) ( \\ Gamma \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( n - 1 ) ( 2 ) ) \\ right ) ) ) = 1 - ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( 4n ) ) - ( \\ frac ( 7 ) ( 32n ^ ( 2 ) ) ) - ( \\ frac ( 19 ) ( 128n ^ ( 3 ) ) ) + O ( n ^ ( - 4 ) ) )","sentences":["c 4 ( n ) = 2 n \u2212 1 \u0393 ( n 2 )","\u0393 ( n \u2212 1 2 ) = 1 \u2212 1 4 n \u2212 7 32 n 2 \u2212 19 128 n 3 + O ( n \u2212 4 ) ( \\ displaystyle c_","( 4 ) ( n ) =","( \\ sqrt ( \\ frac ( 2 ) ( n - 1 ) ) )","( \\ frac ( \\ Gamma \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( n ) ( 2 ) )","\\ right ) )","( \\ Gamma \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( n - 1 ) ( 2 ) )","\\ right ) ) )","= 1 - ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( 4n ) ) -","( \\ frac ( 7 ) ( 32n ^ ( 2 ) ) ) - ( \\ frac ( 19 ) ( 128n ^ ( 3 ) ) )","+","O ( n ^ ( - 4 ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5288850244420067915","input":"what is the full version of the national anthem","passages":[{"title":"The Star-Spangled Banner","text":"Marvin Gaye gave a soul - influenced performance at the 1983 NBA All - Star Game and Whitney Houston gave a soulful rendition before Super Bowl XXV in 1991 , which was released as a single that charted at number 20 in 1991 and number 6 in 2001 ( along with Jos\u00e9 Feliciano , the only times the anthem has been on the Billboard Hot 100 ) . In 1993 , Kiss did an instrumental rock version as the closing track on their album , Alive III . Another famous instrumental interpretation is Jimi Hendrix 's version , which was a set - list staple from autumn 1968 until his death in September 1970 , including a famous rendition at the Woodstock music festival in 1969 . Incorporating sonic effects to emphasize the `` rockets ' red glare '' , and `` bombs bursting in air '' , it became a late - 1960s emblem . Roseanne Barr gave a controversial performance of the anthem at a San Diego Padres baseball game at Jack Murphy Stadium on July 25 , 1990 . The comedian belted out a screechy rendition of the song , and afterward she attempted a gesture of ball players by spitting and grabbing her crotch as if adjusting a protective cup . The performance offended some , including the sitting U.S. President , George H.W. Bush . Sufjan Stevens has frequently performed the `` Star - Spangled Banner '' in live sets , replacing the optimism in the end of the first verse with a new coda that alludes to the divisive state of the nation today . David Lee Roth both referenced parts of the anthem and played part of a hard rock rendition of the anthem on his song , `` Yankee Rose '' on his 1986 solo album , Eat ' Em and Smile . Steven Tyler also caused some controversy in 2001 ( at the Indianapolis 500 , to which he later issued a public apology ) and again in 2012 ( at the AFC Championship Game ) with a cappella renditions of the song with changed lyrics . A version of Aerosmith 's Joe Perry and Brad Whitford playing part of the song can be heard at the end of their version of `` Train Kept A-Rollin ' '' on the Rockin ' the Joint album . The band Boston gave an instrumental rock rendition of the anthem on their Greatest Hits album . The band Crush 40 made a version of the song as opening track from the album Thrill of the Feel ( 2000 ) .","sentences":["Marvin Gaye gave a soul - influenced performance at the 1983 NBA All - Star Game and Whitney Houston gave a soulful rendition before Super Bowl XXV in 1991 , which was released as a single that charted at number 20 in 1991 and","number 6 in 2001 ( along with Jos\u00e9 Feliciano , the only times the anthem has been on the Billboard","Hot 100 ) .","In 1993 , Kiss did an instrumental rock version as the closing track on their album , Alive III .","Another famous instrumental interpretation is Jimi Hendrix 's version , which was a set - list staple from autumn 1968 until his death in September 1970 , including a famous rendition at the Woodstock music festival in 1969 .","Incorporating sonic effects to emphasize the `` rockets ' red glare '' , and `` bombs bursting in air '' , it became a late - 1960s emblem .","Roseanne Barr gave a controversial performance of the anthem at a San Diego Padres baseball game at Jack Murphy Stadium on July 25 , 1990 .","The comedian belted out a screechy rendition of the song , and afterward she attempted a gesture of ball players by spitting and grabbing her crotch as if adjusting a protective cup .","The performance offended some , including the sitting U.S. President , George H.W. Bush .","Sufjan Stevens has frequently performed the `` Star - Spangled Banner '' in live sets , replacing the optimism in the end of the first verse with a new coda that alludes to the divisive state of the nation today .","David Lee Roth both referenced parts of the anthem and played part of a hard rock rendition of the anthem on his song , `` Yankee Rose '' on his 1986 solo album , Eat ' Em and Smile .","Steven Tyler also caused some controversy in 2001 ( at the Indianapolis 500 , to which he later issued a public apology ) and again in 2012 ( at the AFC Championship Game ) with a cappella renditions of the song with changed lyrics .","A version of Aerosmith 's Joe Perry and Brad Whitford playing part of the song can be heard at the end of their version of `` Train Kept A-Rollin ' '' on the Rockin ' the Joint album .","The band Boston gave an instrumental rock rendition of the anthem on their Greatest Hits album .","The band Crush 40 made a version of the song as opening track from the album Thrill of the Feel ( 2000 ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7001137206611545908","input":"who played in the original movie the beguiled","passages":[{"title":"The Beguiled (1971 film)","text":"As Union troops camp within sight of the school , Martha convinces the others -- aside from Edwina , who is not present -- that they need to kill him to prevent him from denouncing them to the Union troops . She asks Amy to pick mushrooms they can prepare `` especially for him '' and Amy says she knows just where to find some . At dinner , John apologizes for his actions , and Edwina reveals that she and John have made plans to leave the school and marry . John has been eating the mushrooms and the others pass the bowl without taking any except for Edwina . When she starts to eat some , Martha cries out for her to stop . John realizes he has been poisoned , and leaves the dining room disoriented , and collapses in the hallway . The following day , the women tie his corpse in a makeshift body bag and carry him out of the gate to bury . They agree he died of exhaustion , and Amy denies she could ever pick a poisonous mushroom by mistake .","sentences":["As Union troops camp within sight of the school , Martha convinces the others -- aside from Edwina , who is not present -- that they need to kill him to prevent him from denouncing them to the Union troops .","She asks Amy to pick mushrooms they can prepare `` especially for him '' and Amy says she knows just where to find some .","At dinner , John apologizes for his actions , and Edwina reveals that she and John have made plans to leave the school and marry .","John has been eating the mushrooms and the others pass the bowl without taking any except for Edwina .","When she starts to eat some , Martha cries out for her to stop .","John realizes he has been poisoned , and leaves the dining room disoriented , and collapses in the hallway .","The following day , the women tie his corpse in a makeshift body bag and carry him out of the gate to bury .","They agree he died of exhaustion , and Amy denies she could ever pick a poisonous mushroom by mistake ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1922422804967485686","input":"what is a deacon in the church of ireland","passages":[{"title":"Church of Ireland","text":"Doctrine , canon law , church governance , church policy , and liturgical matters are decided by the church 's General Synod . The General Synod comprises two Houses , the House of Bishops and the House of Representatives . The House of Bishops includes the 10 diocesan bishops and two archbishops , forming one order . The House of Representatives is made up of two orders , clergy and laity . The order of clergy holds one third of the seats while the laity holds two thirds of the seats . As of 2017 , there are 216 clergy members and 432 lay members in the House of Representatives . The membership of the House of Representatives is made up of delegates from the dioceses , with seats allocated to each diocese 's clergy and laity in specific numbers ; these delegates are elected every three years .","sentences":["Doctrine , canon law , church governance , church policy , and liturgical matters are decided by the church 's General Synod .","The General Synod comprises two Houses , the House of Bishops and the House of Representatives .","The House of Bishops includes the 10 diocesan bishops and two archbishops , forming one order .","The House of Representatives is made up of two orders , clergy and laity .","The order of clergy holds one third of the seats while the laity holds two thirds of the seats .","As of 2017 , there are 216 clergy members and 432 lay members in the House of Representatives .","The membership of the House of Representatives is made up of delegates from the dioceses , with seats allocated to each diocese 's clergy and laity in specific numbers ; these delegates are elected every three years ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2934346439791667318","input":"when do elena and damon get together season 6","passages":[{"title":"Damon Salvatore","text":"When the group goes to the mysterious island to find the Cure , Damon continues to be suspicious of Professor Shane . When Jeremy goes missing and Bonnie and Shane stay behind to try a locator spell , Damon stays to keep an eye on Shane . He later begins torturing Shane for information , but Shane starts analyzing Damon and telling him Elena will go back to Stefan once she 's cured . Elena interrupts the torture session and Damon storms out and Elena follows . She tells Damon that she 's sure her feelings for him are real and asks him to become human with her , however Damon tells her he has no desire to be human and that human \/ vampire relationships are doomed and stalks off . Afterward he is captured by Vaughn , another member of the Five , who tortures Damon and leads him around with a noose around his neck . Damon goes with Vaughn to the cavern close to where Silas is buried and eventually overpowers him , but not before Vaughn injures Rebekah . Elena and Stefan come across the injured Damon and Rebekah , Stefan stays while Elena rushes to find Jeremy . Damon urges Stefan to go get the cure for Elena , uncaring that there is only enough for one , because he wants it for the girl he loves . After Stefan leave Rebekah comments that Damon did something selfless and remarks that he will always love Elena . An exhausted Damon admits that he ca n't control everything and is tired .","sentences":["When the group goes to the mysterious island to find the Cure , Damon continues to be suspicious of Professor Shane .","When Jeremy goes missing and Bonnie and Shane stay behind to try a locator spell , Damon stays to keep an eye on Shane .","He later begins torturing Shane for information , but Shane starts analyzing Damon and telling him Elena will go back to Stefan once she 's cured .","Elena interrupts the torture session and Damon storms out and Elena follows .","She tells Damon that she 's sure her feelings for him are real and asks him to become human with her , however Damon tells her he has no desire to be human and that human \/ vampire relationships are doomed and stalks off .","Afterward he is captured by Vaughn , another member of the Five , who tortures Damon and leads him around with a noose around his neck .","Damon goes with Vaughn to the cavern close to where Silas is buried and eventually overpowers him , but not before Vaughn injures Rebekah .","Elena and Stefan come across the injured Damon and Rebekah , Stefan stays while Elena rushes to find Jeremy .","Damon urges Stefan to go get the cure for Elena , uncaring that there is only enough for one , because he wants it for the girl he loves .","After Stefan leave Rebekah comments that Damon did something selfless and remarks that he will always love Elena .","An exhausted Damon admits that he ca n't control everything and is tired ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5874322369957644076","input":"calculating false positive rate from sensitivity and specificity","passages":[{"title":"Sensitivity and specificity","text":"N P V = T N \/ ( T N + F N ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ mathit ( NPV ) ) = ( \\ mathit ( TN ) ) \/ ( ( \\ mathit ( TN ) ) + ( \\ mathit ( FN ) ) ) )","sentences":["N P V = T","N \/ ( T N + F N )","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ mathit ( NPV ) )","= ( \\ mathit ( TN ) ) \/","( ( \\ mathit ( TN ) )","+ ( \\ mathit ( FN ) ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"356246320999175397","input":"where was the first mcdonald's restaurant opened","passages":[{"title":"History of McDonald's","text":"1963 : One of Kroc 's marketing insights is his decision to advertise McDonald 's hamburgers to families and children . Washington , D.C. franchisees John Gibson and Oscar Goldstein ( Gee Gee Distributing Corporation ) sponsor a children 's show on WRC - TV called Bozo the Clown , a franchised character played by Willard Scott from 1959 until 1962 . After the show was cancelled , Goldstein hires Scott to portray McDonald 's new mascot , named Ronald McDonald . According to Scott , they wanted to pay him in stock , but Scott decided to take the money . Scott , looking nothing like the familiar appearance of any McDonaldland character as is known today , appeared in the first three television advertisements featuring the character . After changing the character 's first name to `` Ronald '' and replacing Scott with a new actor , and giving him the more familiar red , white , and yellow clown features , the character eventually spreads to the rest of the country via an advertising campaign . Years later , an entire cast of `` McDonaldland '' characters is developed .","sentences":["1963 :","One of Kroc 's marketing insights is his decision to advertise McDonald 's hamburgers to families and children .","Washington , D.C. franchisees John Gibson and Oscar Goldstein ( Gee Gee Distributing Corporation ) sponsor a children 's show on WRC - TV called Bozo the Clown , a franchised character played by Willard Scott from 1959 until 1962 .","After the show was cancelled , Goldstein hires Scott to portray McDonald 's new mascot , named Ronald McDonald .","According to Scott , they wanted to pay him in stock , but Scott decided to take the money .","Scott , looking nothing like the familiar appearance of any McDonaldland character as is known today , appeared in the first three television advertisements featuring the character .","After changing the character 's first name to `` Ronald '' and replacing Scott with a new actor , and giving him the more familiar red , white , and yellow clown features , the character eventually spreads to the rest of the country via an advertising campaign .","Years later , an entire cast of `` McDonaldland '' characters is developed ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3051355249114558871","input":"what are the principles of double entry accounting","passages":[{"title":"Double-entry bookkeeping system","text":"Debits are recorded on the left side of a T account in a ledger . Debits increase balances in asset accounts and expense accounts and decrease balances in liability accounts , revenue accounts , and capital accounts . Credits are recorded on the right side of a T account in a ledger . Credits increase balances in liability accounts , revenue accounts , and capital accounts , and decrease balances in asset accounts and expense accounts . Debit accounts are asset and expense accounts that usually have debit balances , i.e. the total debits usually exceed the total credits in each debit account . Credit accounts are revenue ( income , gains ) accounts and liability accounts that usually have credit balances .","sentences":["Debits are recorded on the left side of a T account in a ledger .","Debits increase balances in asset accounts and expense accounts and decrease balances in liability accounts , revenue accounts , and capital accounts .","Credits are recorded on the right side of a T account in a ledger .","Credits increase balances in liability accounts , revenue accounts , and capital accounts , and decrease balances in asset accounts and expense accounts .","Debit accounts are asset and expense accounts that usually have debit balances , i.e. the total debits usually exceed the total credits in each debit account .","Credit accounts are revenue ( income , gains ) accounts and liability accounts that usually have credit balances ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1305121240899651418","input":"where did the word social media come from","passages":[{"title":"Social media","text":"Innovation can be defined simply as a `` new idea , device , or method '' or as the application of better solutions that meet new requirements , unarticulated needs , or existing market needs . This is accomplished through more - effective products , processes , services , technologies , or business models that are readily available to markets , governments and society . The term `` innovation '' can be defined as something original and more effective and , as a consequence , new , that `` breaks into '' the market or society. ( 3 ) It is related to , but not the same as , invention . Innovation is often manifested via the engineering process . Innovation is generally considered to be the result of a process that brings together various novel ideas in a way that affects society . In industrial economics , innovations are created and found empirically from services to meet growing consumer demand .","sentences":["Innovation can be defined simply as a `` new idea , device , or method '' or as the application of better solutions that meet new requirements , unarticulated needs , or existing market needs .","This is accomplished through more - effective products , processes , services , technologies , or business models that are readily available to markets , governments and society .","The term `` innovation '' can be defined as something original and more effective and , as a consequence , new , that `` breaks into '' the market or society.","( 3 ) It is related to , but not the same as , invention .","Innovation is often manifested via the engineering process .","Innovation is generally considered to be the result of a process that brings together various novel ideas in a way that affects society .","In industrial economics , innovations are created and found empirically from services to meet growing consumer demand ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7304788193352035503","input":"where does the trombone sit in the orchestra","passages":[{"title":"Orchestra","text":"The conductor typically stands on a raised podium with a large music stand for the full score , which contains the musical notation for all the instruments and \/ or voices . Since the mid-18th century , most conductors have not played an instrument when conducting , although in earlier periods of classical music history , leading an ensemble while playing an instrument was common . In Baroque music from the 1600s to the 1750s , the group would typically be led by the harpsichordist or first violinist ( see concertmaster ) , an approach that in modern times has been revived by several music directors for music from this period . Conducting while playing a piano or synthesizer may also be done with musical theatre pit orchestras . Communication is typically non-verbal during a performance ( this is strictly the case in art music , but in jazz big bands or large pop ensembles , there may be occasional spoken instructions , such as a `` count in '' ) . However , in rehearsals , frequent interruptions allow the conductor to give verbal directions as to how the music should be played or sung .","sentences":["The conductor typically stands on a raised podium with a large music stand for the full score , which contains the musical notation for all the instruments and \/ or voices .","Since the mid-18th century , most conductors have not played an instrument when conducting , although in earlier periods of classical music history , leading an ensemble while playing an instrument was common .","In Baroque music from the 1600s to the 1750s , the group would typically be led by the harpsichordist or first violinist ( see concertmaster ) , an approach that in modern times has been revived by several music directors for music from this period .","Conducting while playing a piano or synthesizer may also be done with musical theatre pit orchestras .","Communication is typically non-verbal during a performance ( this is strictly the case in art music , but in jazz big bands or large pop ensembles , there may be occasional spoken instructions , such as a `` count in '' ) .","However , in rehearsals , frequent interruptions allow the conductor to give verbal directions as to how the music should be played or sung ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5655517893008290279","input":"how did spanish and french interests in the new world differ","passages":[{"title":"French colonization of the Americas","text":"From 1689 to 1713 , the French settlers were faced with almost incessant war during the French and Indian Wars . From 1689 to 1697 , they fought the British in the Nine Years ' War . The war against the Iroquois continued even after the Treaty of Rijswijk until 1701 , when the two parties agreed on peace . Then , the war against the English took over in the War of the Spanish Succession . In 1690 and 1711 , Quebec City had successfully resisted the attacks of the English navy and then British army . Nevertheless , the British took advantage of the second war . With the signing of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 , France ceded to Britain Acadia ( with a population of 1700 people ) , Newfoundland and Hudson Bay . Under the Sovereign Council , the population of the colony grew faster . However , the population growth was far inferior to that of the British Thirteen Colonies to the south . In the middle of the 18th century , New France accounted for 60,000 people while the British colonies had more than one million people . This placed the colony at a great military disadvantage against the British . The war between the colonies resumed in 1744 , lasting until 1748 . A final and decisive war began in 1754 . The Canadiens and the French were helped by numerous alliances with Native Americans , but they were usually outnumbered on the battlefield .","sentences":["From 1689 to 1713 , the French settlers were faced with almost incessant war during the French and Indian Wars .","From 1689 to 1697 , they fought the British in the Nine Years ' War .","The war against the Iroquois continued even after the Treaty of Rijswijk until 1701 , when the two parties agreed on peace .","Then , the war against the English took over in the War of the Spanish Succession .","In 1690 and 1711 , Quebec City had successfully resisted the attacks of the English navy and then British army .","Nevertheless , the British took advantage of the second war .","With the signing of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 , France ceded to Britain Acadia ( with a population of 1700 people ) , Newfoundland and Hudson Bay .","Under the Sovereign Council , the population of the colony grew faster .","However , the population growth was far inferior to that of the British Thirteen Colonies to the south .","In the middle of the 18th century , New France accounted for 60,000 people while the British colonies had more than one million people .","This placed the colony at a great military disadvantage against the British .","The war between the colonies resumed in 1744 , lasting until 1748 .","A final and decisive war began in 1754 .","The Canadiens and the French were helped by numerous alliances with Native Americans , but they were usually outnumbered on the battlefield ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1059125402512660913","input":"where do smooth cells get most of their calcium to stimulate contraction","passages":[{"title":"Smooth muscle tissue","text":"The phosphorylation of the light chains by MLCK is countered by a myosin light - chain phosphatase , which dephosphorylates the MLC myosin light chains and thereby inhibits contraction . Other signaling pathways have also been implicated in the regulation actin and myosin dynamics . In general , the relaxation of smooth muscle is by cell - signaling pathways that increase the myosin phosphatase activity , decrease the intracellular calcium levels , hyperpolarize the smooth muscle , and \/ or regulate actin and myosin muscle can be mediated by the endothelium - derived relaxing factor - nitric oxide , endothelial derived hyperpolarizing factor ( either an endogenous cannabinoid , cytochrome P450 metabolite , or hydrogen peroxide ) , or prostacyclin ( PGI2 ) . Nitric oxide and PGI2 stimulate soluble guanylate cyclase and membrane bound adenylate cyclase , respectively . The cyclic nucleotides ( cGMP and cAMP ) produced by these cyclases activate Protein Kinase G and Protein Kinase A and phosphorylate a number of proteins . The phosphorylation events lead to a decrease in intracellular calcium ( inhibit L type Calcium channels , inhibits IP3 receptor channels , stimulates sarcoplasmic reticulum Calcium pump ATPase ) , a decrease in the 20kd myosin light chain phosphorylation by altering calcium sensitization and increasing myosin light chain phosphatase activity , a stimulation of calcium sensitive potassium channels which hyperpolarize the cell , and the phosphorylation of amino acid residue serine 16 on the small heat shock protein ( hsp20 ) by Protein Kinases A and G . The phosphorylation of hsp20 appears to alter actin and focal adhesion dynamics and actin - myosin interaction , and recent evidence indicates that hsp20 binding to 14 - 3 - 3 protein is involved in this process . An alternative hypothesis is that phosphorylated Hsp20 may also alter the affinity of phosphorylated myosin with actin and inhibit contractility by interfering with crossbridge formation . The endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factor stimulates calcium sensitive potassium channels and \/ or ATP sensitive potassium channels and stimulate potassium efflux which hyperpolarizes the cell and produces relaxation .","sentences":["The phosphorylation of the light chains by MLCK is countered by a myosin light - chain phosphatase , which dephosphorylates the MLC myosin light chains and thereby inhibits contraction .","Other signaling pathways have also been implicated in the regulation actin and myosin dynamics .","In general , the relaxation of smooth muscle is by cell - signaling pathways that increase the myosin phosphatase activity , decrease the intracellular calcium levels , hyperpolarize the smooth muscle , and \/ or regulate actin and myosin muscle can be mediated by the endothelium - derived relaxing factor - nitric oxide , endothelial derived hyperpolarizing factor ( either an endogenous cannabinoid , cytochrome P450 metabolite , or hydrogen peroxide ) , or prostacyclin ( PGI2 ) .","Nitric oxide and PGI2 stimulate soluble guanylate cyclase and membrane bound adenylate cyclase , respectively .","The cyclic nucleotides ( cGMP and cAMP ) produced by these cyclases activate Protein Kinase G and Protein Kinase A and phosphorylate a number of proteins .","The phosphorylation events lead to a decrease in intracellular calcium ( inhibit L type Calcium channels , inhibits IP3 receptor channels , stimulates sarcoplasmic reticulum Calcium pump ATPase ) , a decrease in the 20kd myosin light chain phosphorylation by altering calcium sensitization and increasing myosin light chain phosphatase activity , a stimulation of calcium sensitive potassium channels which hyperpolarize the cell , and the phosphorylation of amino acid residue serine 16 on the small heat shock protein ( hsp20 ) by Protein Kinases A and G .","The phosphorylation of hsp20 appears to alter actin and focal adhesion dynamics and actin - myosin interaction , and recent evidence indicates that hsp20 binding to 14 - 3 - 3 protein is involved in this process .","An alternative hypothesis is that phosphorylated Hsp20 may also alter the affinity of phosphorylated myosin with actin and inhibit contractility by interfering with crossbridge formation .","The endothelium derived hyperpolarizing factor stimulates calcium sensitive potassium channels and \/ or ATP sensitive potassium channels and stimulate potassium efflux which hyperpolarizes the cell and produces relaxation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8790310814915758169","input":"what was the government in the virginia colony","passages":[{"title":"Colony of Virginia","text":"For the Third Supply , the London Company had a new ship built . The Sea Venture was specifically designed for emigration of additional colonists and transporting supplies . It became the flagship of the Admiral of the convoy , Sir George Somers . The Third Supply was the largest to date , with eight other ships joining the Sea Venture . The new Captain of the Sea Venture was the mission 's Vice-Admiral , Christopher Newport . Hundreds of new colonists were aboard the ships . However , weather was to drastically affect the mission .","sentences":["For the Third Supply , the London Company had a new ship built .","The Sea Venture was specifically designed for emigration of additional colonists and transporting supplies .","It became the flagship of the Admiral of the convoy , Sir George Somers .","The Third Supply was the largest to date , with eight other ships joining the Sea Venture .","The new Captain of the Sea Venture was the mission 's Vice-Admiral , Christopher Newport .","Hundreds of new colonists were aboard the ships .","However , weather was to drastically affect the mission ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"924581904316318114","input":"what channel is fox sports 1 on xfinity","passages":[{"title":"Fox Sports 1","text":"Fox Sports 1 Launched August 17 , 2013 ( 2013 - 08 - 17 ) Network Fox Sports Owned by Fox Entertainment Group ( 21st Century Fox ) Picture format 720p ( HDTV ) ( HD feed downgraded to letterboxed 480i for SD feed ) Slogan The 1 Country United States Language English Broadcast area United States Puerto Rico Caribbean Headquarters Los Angeles , California Replaced Speed ( 2005 -- 2013 ) Sister channel ( s ) Fox Sports 2 Fox Soccer Plus Fox Deportes Fox Sports Networks Fox College Sports Big Ten Network Fox Sports Website www.foxsports.com\/watch\/fs1 www.foxsports.com Availability Satellite DirecTV Channel 219 ( HD \/ SD ) Dish Network Channel 150 ( HD \/ SD ) Cable Available on most U.S. cable systems Consult your local cable provider for channel availability IPTV AT&T U-verse Channel 1652 ( HD ) Channel 652 ( SD ) Verizon FiOS Channel 583 ( HD ) Channel 83 ( SD ) Google Fiber Channel 208 ( HD ) Streaming media Fox Sports Go Watch live ( U.S. cable internet subscribers only ; requires login to stream content ) DirecTV Now Internet Protocol television fuboTV Internet Protocol television Hulu Live TV Internet Protocol television PlayStation Vue Internet Protocol television Sling TV Internet Protocol television YouTube TV Internet Protocol television","sentences":["Fox Sports 1 Launched August 17 , 2013 ( 2013 - 08 - 17 ) Network Fox Sports Owned by Fox Entertainment Group ( 21st Century Fox )","Picture format 720p ( HDTV ) ( HD feed downgraded to letterboxed 480i for SD feed )","Slogan The 1 Country United States Language English Broadcast area United States Puerto Rico Caribbean Headquarters Los Angeles , California Replaced Speed ( 2005 -- 2013 )","Sister channel ( s ) Fox Sports 2 Fox Soccer Plus Fox Deportes Fox Sports Networks Fox College Sports Big Ten Network Fox Sports Website www.foxsports.com\/watch\/fs1 www.foxsports.com","Availability Satellite DirecTV Channel 219 ( HD \/ SD ) Dish Network Channel 150 ( HD \/ SD )","Cable Available on most U.S. cable systems Consult your local cable provider for channel availability IPTV AT&T U-verse Channel 1652 ( HD ) Channel 652 ( SD )","Verizon FiOS Channel 583 ( HD ) Channel 83 ( SD )","Google Fiber Channel 208 ( HD )","Streaming media Fox Sports Go Watch live ( U.S. cable internet subscribers only ; requires login to stream content ) DirecTV","Now Internet Protocol television fuboTV Internet Protocol television Hulu Live TV Internet Protocol television PlayStation Vue Internet Protocol television Sling TV Internet Protocol television YouTube TV Internet Protocol television"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7563229555735351376","input":"who started the cold war us or soviet union","passages":[{"title":"Cold War","text":"In January 1977 , four years prior to becoming president , Ronald Reagan bluntly stated , in a conversation with Richard V. Allen , his basic expectation in relation to the Cold War . `` My idea of American policy toward the Soviet Union is simple , and some would say simplistic , '' he said . `` It is this : We win and they lose . What do you think of that ? '' In 1980 , Ronald Reagan defeated Jimmy Carter in the 1980 presidential election , vowing to increase military spending and confront the Soviets everywhere . Both Reagan and new British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher denounced the Soviet Union and its ideology . Reagan labeled the Soviet Union an `` evil empire '' and predicted that Communism would be left on the `` ash heap of history , '' while Thatcher inculpated the Soviets as `` bent on world dominance . ''","sentences":["In January 1977 , four years prior to becoming president , Ronald Reagan bluntly stated , in a conversation with Richard V. Allen , his basic expectation in relation to the Cold War .","`` My idea of American policy toward the Soviet Union is simple , and some would say simplistic , '' he said .","`` It is this : We win and they lose .","What do you think of that ? ''","In 1980 , Ronald Reagan defeated Jimmy Carter in the 1980 presidential election , vowing to increase military spending and confront the Soviets everywhere .","Both Reagan and new British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher denounced the Soviet Union and its ideology .","Reagan labeled the Soviet Union an `` evil empire '' and predicted that Communism would be left on the `` ash heap of history , '' while Thatcher inculpated the Soviets as `` bent on world dominance . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2340398331382904370","input":"when does dance the night away come out twice","passages":[{"title":"Summer Nights (Twice album)","text":"Summer Nights Studio album ( reissue ) by Twice Released July 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 07 - 09 ) Studio JYPE Studios Genre K - pop dance ballad Length 29 : 44 Language Korean Label JYP Entertainment Iriver Producer J.Y. Park `` The Asiansoul '' Twice chronology What Is Love ? ( 2018 ) Summer Nights ( 2018 ) BDZ ( 2018 ) Singles from Summer Nights `` Dance the Night Away '' Released : July 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 07 - 09 )","sentences":["Summer Nights Studio album ( reissue ) by Twice Released July 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 07 - 09 )","Studio JYPE Studios Genre K - pop dance ballad Length 29 : 44","Language Korean Label JYP Entertainment Iriver Producer J.Y. Park `` The Asiansoul '' Twice chronology What Is Love ?","( 2018 )","Summer Nights ( 2018 ) BDZ ( 2018 )","Singles from Summer Nights `` Dance the Night Away '' Released : July 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 07 - 09 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4261071767435855246","input":"what happened to the colony at roanoke island","passages":[{"title":"Roanoke Colony","text":"In 1998 , East Carolina University organized `` The Croatoan Project '' , an archaeological investigation into the events at Roanoke . The excavation team sent to Hatteras Island uncovered what they believed to be a 10 karat ( 42 % ) gold 16th - century English signet ring , gun flints , and two copper farthings ( produced sometime in the 1670s ) at the site of the ancient Croatan capital , 50 miles ( 80 km ) from the old Roanoke Colony . Genealogists were able to trace the lion crest on the signet ring to the Kendall coat of arms , and concluded that the ring most likely belonged to one Master Kendall who is recorded as having lived in the Roanoke Colony from 1585 to 1586 . If this is the case , the ring represents the first material connection between the Roanoke colonists and the Native Americans on Hatteras Island . However , archaeologist David Phelps did not have the ring tested , and Charles Ewen , who continued Phelps ' work after Phelps retired , had the ring tested and found the ring was brass . Ewen announced his findings in April 2017 . Mark Horton of the University of Bristol said he was not convinced that this news proved the ring did not date to the 16th century .","sentences":["In 1998 , East Carolina University organized `` The Croatoan Project '' , an archaeological investigation into the events at Roanoke .","The excavation team sent to Hatteras Island uncovered what they believed to be a 10 karat ( 42 % ) gold 16th - century English signet ring , gun flints , and two copper farthings ( produced sometime in the 1670s ) at the site of the ancient Croatan capital , 50 miles ( 80 km ) from the old Roanoke Colony .","Genealogists were able to trace the lion crest on the signet ring to the Kendall coat of arms , and concluded that the ring most likely belonged to one Master Kendall who is recorded as having lived in the Roanoke Colony from 1585 to 1586 .","If this is the case , the ring represents the first material connection between the Roanoke colonists and the Native Americans on Hatteras Island .","However , archaeologist David Phelps did not have the ring tested , and Charles Ewen , who continued Phelps ' work after Phelps retired , had the ring tested and found the ring was brass .","Ewen announced his findings in April 2017 .","Mark Horton of the University of Bristol said he was not convinced that this news proved the ring did not date to the 16th century ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8773119683967722466","input":"who led the revolt of 1857 in central india","passages":[{"title":"Indian Rebellion of 1857","text":"Indian Rebellion of 1857 A 1912 map showing the centres of the rebellion Date 10 May 1857 ( 1857 - 05 - 10 ) -- 1 November 1858 ( 1858 - 11 - 01 ) ( 1 year and 6 months ) Location India Result British victory Suppression of the revolt Formal end of the Mughal empire End of Company rule in India Transfer of rule to the British Crown Territorial changes British Indian Empire created out of former East India Company territory ( some land returned to native rulers , other land confiscated by the British crown ) Belligerents Sepoy Mutineers Mughal Empire Gwalior Factions Forces of Rani Laxmi bai , the deposed ruler of Jhansi Forces of Nana Sahib Peshwa Followers of Birjis Qadra Oudh Followers of Babu Kunwar Singh Followers of Drig Narayan Singh British Empire Kingdom of Nepal Kingdom of Tibet East India Company 21 Princely States : Ajaigarh Alwar Bharathpur Bhopal Bijawar Bikaner Bundi Hyderabad Jaipur Jaora Jodhpur Kapurthala Jammu and Kashmir Kendujhar Nabha Patiala Rampur Rewa Sirmur Sirohi Udaipur Mysore Travancore Commanders and leaders Bakht Khan \u2020 Bahadur Shah II Mirza Mughal Nana Sahib Tantia Tope Rani Lakshmibai \u2020 Begum Hazrat Mahal Birjis Qadr Babu Kunwar Singh ( d. April 1858 ) George Anson ( d . May 1857 ) Patrick Grant Colin Campbell ( From August 1857 ) John Nicholson \u2020 Jung Bahadur Rana Casualties and losses at least 100,000 - nearly 806,000 and possibly more , both in the rebellion and in famines and epidemics of disease in its wake , by comparison of sketchy pre-existing population estimates with Indian Census of 1871 .","sentences":["Indian Rebellion of 1857 A 1912 map showing the centres of the rebellion Date 10 May 1857 ( 1857 - 05 - 10 ) -- 1 November 1858 ( 1858 - 11 - 01 ) ( 1 year and 6 months )","Location India Result British victory Suppression of the revolt Formal end of the Mughal empire End of Company rule in India Transfer of rule to the British Crown Territorial changes British Indian Empire created out of former East India Company territory ( some land returned to native rulers , other land confiscated by the British crown )","Belligerents Sepoy Mutineers Mughal Empire Gwalior Factions Forces of Rani Laxmi bai , the deposed ruler of Jhansi Forces of Nana Sahib Peshwa Followers of Birjis Qadra Oudh Followers of Babu Kunwar Singh Followers of Drig Narayan Singh British Empire Kingdom of Nepal Kingdom of Tibet East India Company 21","Princely States : Ajaigarh Alwar Bharathpur Bhopal Bijawar Bikaner Bundi Hyderabad Jaipur Jaora Jodhpur Kapurthala Jammu and Kashmir Kendujhar Nabha Patiala Rampur Rewa Sirmur Sirohi Udaipur Mysore Travancore Commanders and leaders Bakht Khan \u2020 Bahadur Shah II Mirza Mughal Nana Sahib Tantia Tope Rani Lakshmibai \u2020 Begum Hazrat Mahal Birjis Qadr Babu Kunwar Singh ( d. April 1858 )","George Anson ( d .","May 1857 )","Patrick Grant Colin Campbell ( From August 1857 )","John Nicholson \u2020 Jung Bahadur Rana Casualties and losses at least 100,000 - nearly 806,000 and possibly more , both in the rebellion and in famines and epidemics of disease in its wake , by comparison of sketchy pre-existing population estimates with Indian Census of 1871 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4549709865024642881","input":"when does the flash season 4 come out on stan","passages":[{"title":"The Flash (season 4)","text":"Barry and Ralph train to defeat DeVoe , with Barry becoming annoyed at Ralph 's apparent inability to be serious . The team manages to locate another bus meta , Janet Petty . When Barry and Ralph confront her , it is revealed that Petty can manipulate a person 's gravitational pull , which she demonstrates on Barry . Fearing once again that Ralph is not taking things seriously , Barry refuses to work with him . Ralph reveals his comedic attitude is due to a difficult childhood where his father abandoned him , causing him to make jokes whenever he is scared or under pressure . Barry relents and they go to stop Janet at a gala event . Janet uses her powers on Barry , causing him to float into the atmosphere . Barry tells the team to trust Ralph to improvise . Ralph detains Janet , then becomes a giant airbag to allow Barry to land safely . DeVoe 's wife discovers he has been drugging her , so she will continue to assist him . Breacher comes to Earth - 1 to ask Cisco for help as some of his powers have failed . Harry takes the thinking cap to Thawne 's time vault to recharge it and activates Gideon .","sentences":["Barry and Ralph train to defeat DeVoe , with Barry becoming annoyed at Ralph 's apparent inability to be serious .","The team manages to locate another bus meta , Janet Petty .","When Barry and Ralph confront her , it is revealed that Petty can manipulate a person 's gravitational pull , which she demonstrates on Barry .","Fearing once again that Ralph is not taking things seriously , Barry refuses to work with him .","Ralph reveals his comedic attitude is due to a difficult childhood where his father abandoned him , causing him to make jokes whenever he is scared or under pressure .","Barry relents and they go to stop Janet at a gala event .","Janet uses her powers on Barry , causing him to float into the atmosphere .","Barry tells the team to trust Ralph to improvise .","Ralph detains Janet , then becomes a giant airbag to allow Barry to land safely .","DeVoe 's wife discovers he has been drugging her , so she will continue to assist him .","Breacher comes to Earth - 1 to ask Cisco for help as some of his powers have failed .","Harry takes the thinking cap to Thawne 's time vault to recharge it and activates Gideon ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4029269366401018415","input":"what is the correct absolute configuration assignment at each of the indicated stereocenters","passages":[{"title":"Absolute configuration","text":"An optical isomer can be named by the spatial configuration of its atoms . The D \/ L system ( named after Latin dexter and laevus , right and left ) , not to be confused with the d - and l - system , see above , does this by relating the molecule to glyceraldehyde . Glyceraldehyde is chiral itself , and its two isomers are labeled D and L ( typically typeset in small caps in published work ) . Certain chemical manipulations can be performed on glyceraldehyde without affecting its configuration , and its historical use for this purpose ( possibly combined with its convenience as one of the smallest commonly used chiral molecules ) has resulted in its use for nomenclature . In this system , compounds are named by analogy to glyceraldehyde , which , in general , produces unambiguous designations , but is easiest to see in the small biomolecules similar to glyceraldehyde . One example is the chiral amino acid alanine , which has two optical isomers , and they are labeled according to which isomer of glyceraldehyde they come from . On the other hand , glycine , the amino acid derived from glyceraldehyde , has no optical activity , as it is not chiral ( achiral ) .","sentences":["An optical isomer can be named by the spatial configuration of its atoms .","The D \/ L system ( named after Latin dexter and laevus , right and left ) , not to be confused with the d - and l - system , see above , does this by relating the molecule to glyceraldehyde .","Glyceraldehyde is chiral itself , and its two isomers are labeled D and L ( typically typeset in small caps in published work ) .","Certain chemical manipulations can be performed on glyceraldehyde without affecting its configuration , and its historical use for this purpose ( possibly combined with its convenience as one of the smallest commonly used chiral molecules ) has resulted in its use for nomenclature .","In this system , compounds are named by analogy to glyceraldehyde , which , in general , produces unambiguous designations , but is easiest to see in the small biomolecules similar to glyceraldehyde .","One example is the chiral amino acid alanine , which has two optical isomers , and they are labeled according to which isomer of glyceraldehyde they come from .","On the other hand , glycine , the amino acid derived from glyceraldehyde , has no optical activity , as it is not chiral ( achiral ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5860702209536994990","input":"describe the climate and geography of north africa","passages":[{"title":"North Africa","text":"The diverse peoples of North Africa are usually categorized along ethno - linguistic lines . In the Maghreb , where Arab and Berber identities are often integrated , these lines can be blurred . Some Berber - speaking North Africans may identify as `` Arab '' depending on the social and political circumstances , although substantial numbers of Berbers ( or Amazighen ) have retained a distinct cultural identity which in the 20th century has been expressed as a clear ethnic identification with Berber history and language . Arabic - speaking Northwest Africans , regardless of ethnic background , often identify with Arab history and culture and may share a common vision with other Arabs . This , however , may or may not exclude pride in and identification with Berber and \/ or other parts of their heritage . Berber political and cultural activists for their part , often referred to as Berberists , may view all Northwest Africans as principally Berber , whether they are primarily Berber - or Arabic - speaking .","sentences":["The diverse peoples of North Africa are usually categorized along ethno - linguistic lines .","In the Maghreb , where Arab and Berber identities are often integrated , these lines can be blurred .","Some Berber - speaking North Africans may identify as `` Arab '' depending on the social and political circumstances , although substantial numbers of Berbers ( or Amazighen ) have retained a distinct cultural identity which in the 20th century has been expressed as a clear ethnic identification with Berber history and language .","Arabic - speaking Northwest Africans , regardless of ethnic background , often identify with Arab history and culture and may share a common vision with other Arabs .","This , however , may or may not exclude pride in and identification with Berber and \/ or other parts of their heritage .","Berber political and cultural activists for their part , often referred to as Berberists , may view all Northwest Africans as principally Berber , whether they are primarily Berber - or Arabic - speaking ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4336806832676325303","input":"who plays max on young and the restless","passages":[{"title":"The Young and the Restless cast members","text":"Jump up ^ Bricker , Tierney ( May 2 , 2018 ) . `` Erika Girardi Is Returning to The Young and the Restless ! '' . E ! Online . United States : NBCUniversal . Retrieved May 2 , 2018 .","sentences":["Jump up ^","Bricker , Tierney ( May 2 , 2018 ) .","`` Erika Girardi Is Returning to The Young and the Restless ! '' .","E !","Online .","United States : NBCUniversal .","Retrieved May 2 , 2018 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3200766396914454599","input":"icd 10 code for history of appendiceal cancer","passages":[{"title":"Appendix cancer","text":"A study of primary malignacies in the United States found a rate of 0.12 cases per 1,000,000 population per year . Carcinoids that were not identified as malignant were not included in this data . Carcinoid is found in roughly 1 in 300 - 400 appendectomies for acute appendicitis . A Hong Kong case series of 1492 appendectomies identified 17 neoplasms . Eight were carcinoids without specification of malignant features . Three cases of adenocarcinoma , and one each of cystadenocarcinoma , pseudomyxoma peritoneii , and metastasic carcinoma were identified . The remaining tumors were benign . Carcinoid tumors are the most common tumors of the appendix .","sentences":["A study of primary malignacies in the United States found a rate of 0.12 cases per 1,000,000 population per year .","Carcinoids that were not identified as malignant were not included in this data .","Carcinoid is found in roughly 1 in 300 - 400 appendectomies for acute appendicitis .","A Hong Kong case series of 1492 appendectomies identified 17 neoplasms .","Eight were carcinoids without specification of malignant features .","Three cases of adenocarcinoma , and one each of cystadenocarcinoma , pseudomyxoma peritoneii , and metastasic carcinoma were identified .","The remaining tumors were benign .","Carcinoid tumors are the most common tumors of the appendix ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6555965891512545490","input":"who was the german journalist who co wrote the communist manifesto","passages":[{"title":"Friedrich Engels","text":"Jump up ^ Samuel Hollander ( 2011 ) . Friedrich Engels and Marxian Political Economy . Cambridge University Press . p. 358 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 139 - 49844 - 9 .","sentences":["Jump up ^","Samuel Hollander ( 2011 ) .","Friedrich Engels and Marxian Political Economy .","Cambridge University Press .","p. 358 .","ISBN 978 - 1 - 139 - 49844 - 9 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-818897431223794085","input":"what is the main idea of a tale of two cities","passages":[{"title":"A Tale of Two Cities","text":"John Barsad ( real name Solomon Pross ) : An informer in London and later employed by the Marquis St. Evr\u00e9monde . When introduced at Charles Darnay 's trial , he is giving damning evidence against the defendant but it becomes clear to the reader that he is an oily , untrustworthy character . Moving to Paris he takes service as a police spy in the Saint Antoine district , under the French monarchy . Following the Revolution , he becomes an agent for Revolutionary France ( at which point he must hide his British identity ) . Although a man of low character , his position as a spy allows him to arrange for Sydney Carton 's final heroic act ( after Carton blackmails him with revealing his duplicity ) . Roger Cly : Barsad 's collaborator in spying and giving questionable testimony . Following his chaotic funeral procession in Book the Second , Chapter 14 , his coffin is dug up by Jerry Cruncher and his fellow Resurrection Men . In Book the Third , Jerry Cruncher reveals that in fact the casket contained only rocks and that Cly was clearly still alive and no doubt carrying on his spying activities . Mr. Stryver : An ambitious barrister , senior partner to Sydney Carton . `` ... a man of little more than thirty , but looking twenty years older than he was , stout , loud , red , bluff , and free from any drawback of delicacy ... '' ; he wants to marry Lucie Manette because he believes that she is attractive enough . However , he is not truly in love with her and in fact treats her condescendingly . Jarvis Lorry gets him to see how unwise this course of action is and talks him out of it . ( Readers frequently misperceive that Stryver 's full name is `` C.J. Stryver '' , but this is very unlikely . The mistake comes from a line in Book the Second , Chapter 12 : `` After trying it , Stryver , C.J. , was satisfied that no plainer case could be . '' The initials C.J. almost certainly refer to a legal title , probably `` chief justice '' or `` circuit judge . '' ) Sydney Carton : A quick - minded but depressed English barrister , known as `` The Jackal '' in legal circles . When introduced , he is a hard - drinking cynic , having watched Stryver advance while never taking advantage of his own considerable gifts : Dickens writes that the sun rose `` upon no sadder sight than the man of good abilities and good emotions , incapable of their directed exercise , incapable of his own help and his own happiness , sensible to the blight on him , and resigning himself to let it eat him away . '' In love with Lucie Manette , she cares about him but more as a concerned mother figure than a potential mate . He ultimately becomes a selfless hero , redeeming everything by sacrificing his life for a worthy cause .","sentences":["John Barsad ( real name Solomon Pross ) : An informer in London and later employed by the Marquis St. Evr\u00e9monde .","When introduced at Charles Darnay 's trial , he is giving damning evidence against the defendant but it becomes clear to the reader that he is an oily , untrustworthy character .","Moving to Paris he takes service as a police spy in the Saint Antoine district , under the French monarchy .","Following the Revolution , he becomes an agent for Revolutionary France ( at which point he must hide his British identity ) .","Although a man of low character , his position as a spy allows him to arrange for Sydney Carton 's final heroic act ( after Carton blackmails him with revealing his duplicity ) .","Roger Cly : Barsad 's collaborator in spying and giving questionable testimony .","Following his chaotic funeral procession in Book the Second , Chapter 14 , his coffin is dug up by Jerry Cruncher and his fellow Resurrection Men .","In Book the Third , Jerry Cruncher reveals that in fact the casket contained only rocks and that Cly was clearly still alive and no doubt carrying on his spying activities .","Mr. Stryver : An ambitious barrister , senior partner to Sydney Carton .","`` ... a man of little more than thirty , but looking twenty years older than he was , stout , loud , red , bluff , and free from any drawback of delicacy ... '' ; he wants to marry Lucie Manette because he believes that she is attractive enough .","However , he is not truly in love with her and in fact treats her condescendingly .","Jarvis Lorry gets him to see how unwise this course of action is and talks him out of it .","( Readers frequently misperceive that Stryver 's full name is `` C.J. Stryver '' , but this is very unlikely .","The mistake comes from a line in Book the Second , Chapter 12 : `` After trying it , Stryver , C.J. , was satisfied that no plainer case could be . ''","The initials C.J. almost certainly refer to a legal title , probably `` chief justice '' or `` circuit judge . ''",")","Sydney Carton : A quick - minded but depressed English barrister , known as `` The Jackal '' in legal circles .","When introduced , he is a hard - drinking cynic , having watched Stryver advance while never taking advantage of his own considerable gifts : Dickens writes that the sun rose `` upon no sadder sight than the man of good abilities and good emotions , incapable of their directed exercise , incapable of his own help and his own happiness , sensible to the blight on him , and resigning himself to let it eat him away . ''","In love with Lucie Manette , she cares about him but more as a concerned mother figure than a potential mate .","He ultimately becomes a selfless hero , redeeming everything by sacrificing his life for a worthy cause ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4648121715639456114","input":"who acts as the jury in an impeachment trial","passages":[{"title":"Impeachment","text":"The hearing resembles an ordinary trial : both sides may call witnesses and present evidence . At the end of the hearing the lords vote on the verdict , which is decided by a simple majority , one charge at a time . Upon being called , a peer must rise and declare `` guilty , upon my honour '' or `` not guilty , upon my honour '' . After voting on all of the articles has taken place , and if the Lords find the defendant guilty , the Commons may move for judgment ; the Lords may not declare the punishment until the Commons have so moved . The Lords may then decide whatever punishment they find fit , within the law . A royal pardon can not excuse the defendant from trial , but a pardon may reprieve a convicted defendant . However , a pardon can not override a decision to remove the defendant from the public office they hold . History","sentences":["The hearing resembles an ordinary trial : both sides may call witnesses and present evidence .","At the end of the hearing the lords vote on the verdict , which is decided by a simple majority , one charge at a time .","Upon being called , a peer must rise and declare `` guilty , upon my honour '' or `` not guilty , upon my honour '' .","After voting on all of the articles has taken place , and if the Lords find the defendant guilty , the Commons may move for judgment ; the Lords may not declare the punishment until the Commons have so moved .","The Lords may then decide whatever punishment they find fit , within the law .","A royal pardon can not excuse the defendant from trial , but a pardon may reprieve a convicted defendant .","However , a pardon can not override a decision to remove the defendant from the public office they hold .","History"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4122186710148578356","input":"what does the hippocampus do in your brain","passages":[{"title":"Hippocampus","text":"Over the years , three main ideas of hippocampal function have dominated the literature : response inhibition , episodic memory , and spatial cognition . The behavioral inhibition theory ( caricatured by John O'Keefe and Lynn Nadel as `` slam on the brakes ! '' ) was very popular up to the 1960s . It derived much of its justification from two observations : first , that animals with hippocampal damage tend to be hyperactive ; second , that animals with hippocampal damage often have difficulty learning to inhibit responses that they have previously been taught , especially if the response requires remaining quiet as in a passive avoidance test . Jeffrey Gray developed this line of thought into a full - fledged theory of the role of the hippocampus in anxiety . The inhibition theory is currently the least popular of the three .","sentences":["Over the years , three main ideas of hippocampal function have dominated the literature : response inhibition , episodic memory , and spatial cognition .","The behavioral inhibition theory ( caricatured by John O'Keefe and Lynn Nadel as `` slam on the brakes ! ''",") was very popular up to the 1960s .","It derived much of its justification from two observations : first , that animals with hippocampal damage tend to be hyperactive ; second , that animals with hippocampal damage often have difficulty learning to inhibit responses that they have previously been taught , especially if the response requires remaining quiet as in a passive avoidance test .","Jeffrey Gray developed this line of thought into a full - fledged theory of the role of the hippocampus in anxiety .","The inhibition theory is currently the least popular of the three ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5125375764651638379","input":"what group of organisms are considered acid fast","passages":[{"title":"Acid-fastness","text":"All Mycobacteria - M. tuberculosis , M. leprae , M. smegmatis and atypical Mycobacterium Actinomycetes ( especially some aerobic ones ) with Mycolic acid in their cell wall ( note Streptomyces do NOT have ) ; not to be confused with Actinomyces , which is a non-acid - fast genera of Actinomycetes Nocardia Rhodococcus Gordonia ( Actinomycete ) Tsukamurella Dietzia Head of sperm Bacterial spores , see Endospore Legionella micdadei Certain cellular inclusions e.g. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies seen in Neurons in layer 5 of cerebral cortex neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ( Batten disease ) . Nuclear inclusion bodies seen in Lead poisoning Bismuth poisoning . Oocysts of some coccidian parasites in faecal matter , such as : Cryptosporidium parvum , Isospora belli Cyclospora cayetanensis . A few other parasites : Sarcocystis Taenia saginata eggs stain well but Taenia solium eggs do n't ( Can be used to distinguish ) Hydatid cysts , especially their `` hooklets '' stain irregularly with ZN stain but emanate bright red fluorescence under green light , and can aid detection in moderately heavy backgrounds or with scarce hooklets . Fungal yeast forms are inconsistently stained with Acid - fast stain which is considered a narrow spectrum stain for fungi . In a study on acid - fastness of fungi , 60 % of blastomyces and 47 % of histoplasma showed positive cytoplasmic staining of the yeast - like cells , and Cryptococcus or candida did not stain , and very rare staining was seen in Coccidioides endospores .","sentences":["All Mycobacteria - M. tuberculosis , M. leprae , M. smegmatis and atypical Mycobacterium Actinomycetes ( especially some aerobic ones ) with Mycolic acid in their cell wall ( note Streptomyces do NOT have ) ; not to be confused with Actinomyces , which is a non-acid - fast genera of Actinomycetes Nocardia Rhodococcus Gordonia ( Actinomycete )","Tsukamurella Dietzia Head of sperm Bacterial spores , see Endospore Legionella micdadei Certain cellular inclusions e.g. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies seen in Neurons in layer 5 of cerebral cortex neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis ( Batten disease ) .","Nuclear inclusion bodies seen in Lead poisoning Bismuth poisoning .","Oocysts of some coccidian parasites in faecal matter , such as : Cryptosporidium parvum , Isospora belli Cyclospora cayetanensis .","A few other parasites : Sarcocystis Taenia saginata eggs stain well but Taenia solium eggs do n't ( Can be used to distinguish )","Hydatid cysts , especially their `` hooklets '' stain irregularly with ZN stain but emanate bright red fluorescence under green light , and can aid detection in moderately heavy backgrounds or with scarce hooklets .","Fungal yeast forms are inconsistently stained with Acid - fast stain which is considered a narrow spectrum stain for fungi .","In a study on acid - fastness of fungi , 60 % of blastomyces and 47 % of histoplasma showed positive cytoplasmic staining of the yeast - like cells , and Cryptococcus or candida did not stain , and very rare staining was seen in Coccidioides endospores ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6981352107082126921","input":"where was the revenant meant to be set","passages":[{"title":"The Revenant (2015 film)","text":"Development of The Revenant began in August 2001 , with producer Akiva Goldsman acquiring the rights to Michael Punke 's then - unpublished manuscript . David Rabe had written the film 's script . The production was picked up by Park Chan - wook , with Samuel L. Jackson in mind to star . Park later left the project . The development stalled until 2010 , when Mark L. Smith wrote a new adaptation of the novel for Steve Golin 's Anonymous Content . In May 2010 , Smith revealed that John Hillcoat was attached to direct the film and that Christian Bale was in negotiation to star the movie . Hillcoat left the project in October 2010 . Jean - Fran\u00e7ois Richet was considered to replace him , but Alejandro G. I\u00f1\u00e1rritu signed on to direct in August 2011 . Goldsman was also confirmed to be producing with Weed Road Pictures . In November , New Regency Productions joined to produce with Anonymous Content , and 20th Century Fox was confirmed to be distributing the film . Days later , I\u00f1\u00e1rritu stated that he was seeking Leonardo DiCaprio and Sean Penn for the two lead roles . Director","sentences":["Development of The Revenant began in August 2001 , with producer Akiva Goldsman acquiring the rights to Michael Punke 's then - unpublished manuscript .","David Rabe had written the film 's script .","The production was picked up by Park Chan - wook , with Samuel L. Jackson in mind to star .","Park later left the project .","The development stalled until 2010 , when Mark L. Smith wrote a new adaptation of the novel for Steve Golin 's Anonymous Content .","In May 2010 , Smith revealed that John Hillcoat was attached to direct the film and that Christian Bale was in negotiation to star the movie .","Hillcoat left the project in October 2010 .","Jean - Fran\u00e7ois Richet was considered to replace him , but Alejandro G. I\u00f1\u00e1rritu signed on to direct in August 2011 .","Goldsman was also confirmed to be producing with Weed Road Pictures .","In November , New Regency Productions joined to produce with Anonymous Content , and 20th Century Fox was confirmed to be distributing the film .","Days later , I\u00f1\u00e1rritu stated that he was seeking Leonardo DiCaprio and Sean Penn for the two lead roles .","Director"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6089776110434501569","input":"is there parking at bowen hills train station","passages":[{"title":"Bowen Hills railway station","text":"Bowen Hills Northbound view from Platform 2 in July 2012 Location Abbotsford Road , Bowen Hills Coordinates 27 \u00b0 26 \u2032 43 '' S 153 \u00b0 02 \u2032 15 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 27.4454 \u00b0 S 153.0376 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ - 27.4454 ; 153.0376 Coordinates : 27 \u00b0 26 \u2032 43 '' S 153 \u00b0 02 \u2032 15 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 27.4454 \u00b0 S 153.0376 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ - 27.4454 ; 153.0376 Owned by Queensland Rail Operated by City network Line ( s ) North Coast Ferny Grove Distance 2.66 kilometres from Central Platforms 4 ( 2 islands ) Construction Structure type Ground Disabled access Yes Other information Status Staffed Station code 600005 ( platform 1 ) 600000 ( platform 2 ) 600002 ( platform 3 ) 600007 ( platform 4 ) Fare zone go card 1 Website Queensland Rail History Opened 1973 Electrified Yes Services Preceding station Queensland Rail Following station Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Airport Line Albion toward Domestic Terminal Terminus Beenleigh Line Fortitude Valley toward Beenleigh Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Caboolture Line Eagle Junction toward Caboolture Terminus Cleveland Line Fortitude Valley toward Cleveland Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Doomben Line Albion toward Doomben Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Ferny Grove Line Windsor toward Ferny Grove Terminus Gold Coast Line Fortitude Valley toward Varsity Lakes Terminus Ipswich & Rosewood Line Fortitude Valley toward Rosewood Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Redcliffe Peninsula Line Eagle Junction toward Kippa - Ring Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Shorncliffe Line Albion toward Shorncliffe Terminus Springfield Line Fortitude Valley toward Springfield Central Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Sunshine Coast Line Eagle Junction toward Nambour Northgate toward Gympie North","sentences":["Bowen Hills Northbound view from Platform 2 in July 2012 Location Abbotsford Road , Bowen Hills Coordinates 27 \u00b0 26 \u2032 43 ''","S 153 \u00b0 02 \u2032 15 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 27.4454","\u00b0 S 153.0376 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ - 27.4454 ; 153.0376 Coordinates : 27 \u00b0 26 \u2032 43 '' S 153 \u00b0 02 \u2032 15 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 27.4454","\u00b0 S 153.0376 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ - 27.4454 ; 153.0376 Owned by Queensland Rail Operated by City network Line ( s ) North Coast Ferny Grove Distance 2.66 kilometres from Central Platforms 4 ( 2 islands ) Construction Structure type Ground Disabled access Yes Other information Status Staffed Station code 600005 ( platform 1 ) 600000 ( platform 2 ) 600002 ( platform 3 ) 600007 ( platform 4 )","Fare zone go card 1 Website Queensland Rail History Opened 1973 Electrified Yes Services Preceding station Queensland Rail Following station Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Airport Line Albion toward Domestic Terminal Terminus Beenleigh Line Fortitude Valley toward Beenleigh Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Caboolture Line Eagle Junction toward Caboolture Terminus Cleveland Line Fortitude Valley toward Cleveland Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Doomben Line Albion toward Doomben Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Ferny Grove Line Windsor toward Ferny Grove Terminus Gold Coast Line Fortitude Valley toward Varsity Lakes Terminus Ipswich & Rosewood Line Fortitude Valley toward Rosewood Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Redcliffe Peninsula Line Eagle Junction toward Kippa - Ring Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Shorncliffe Line Albion toward Shorncliffe Terminus Springfield Line Fortitude Valley toward Springfield Central Fortitude Valley toward Roma Street Sunshine Coast Line Eagle Junction toward Nambour Northgate toward Gympie North"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2112803895179346557","input":"who founded each colony in the southern colonies","passages":[{"title":"Southern Colonies","text":"The British colony of Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe on February 12 , 1733 . The colony was administered by the Georgia Trustees under a charter issued by and named for King George II . The Trustees implemented an elaborate plan for the settlement of the colony , known as the Oglethorpe Plan , which envisioned an agrarian society of Yeoman farmers and prohibited slavery . In 1742 the colony was invaded by the Spanish during the War of Jenkins ' Ear . In 1752 , after the government failed to renew subsidies that had helped support the colony , the Trustees turned over control to the Crown , and Georgia became a Crown colony , with a governor appointed by the king . The warm climate and swampy lands make it perfect for growing crops such as tobacco , rice , sugarcane , and indigo .","sentences":["The British colony of Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe on February 12 , 1733 .","The colony was administered by the Georgia Trustees under a charter issued by and named for King George II .","The Trustees implemented an elaborate plan for the settlement of the colony , known as the Oglethorpe Plan , which envisioned an agrarian society of Yeoman farmers and prohibited slavery .","In 1742 the colony was invaded by the Spanish during the War of Jenkins ' Ear .","In 1752 , after the government failed to renew subsidies that had helped support the colony , the Trustees turned over control to the Crown , and Georgia became a Crown colony , with a governor appointed by the king .","The warm climate and swampy lands make it perfect for growing crops such as tobacco , rice , sugarcane , and indigo ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5378153096498611133","input":"how do you use the bible as a reference","passages":[{"title":"Bible citation","text":"These things I have spoken to you , so that in Me you may have peace . In the world you have tribulation , but take courage ; I have overcome the world . ( John 16 : 33 NASB ) These things I have spoken to you , so that in Me you may have peace . In the world you have tribulation , but take courage ; I have overcome the world . -- John 16 : 33 NASB","sentences":["These things I have spoken to you , so that in Me you may have peace .","In the world you have tribulation , but take courage ; I have overcome the world .","( John 16 : 33 NASB )","These things I have spoken to you , so that in Me you may have peace .","In the world you have tribulation , but take courage ; I have overcome the world .","--","John 16 : 33 NASB"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1621063178896544349","input":"why pi r2 is the area of a circle","passages":[{"title":"Area of a circle","text":"A r e a ( r ) = \u222b 0 r 2 \u03c0 t d t = 2 \u03c0 ( t 2 2 ) 0 r = \u03c0 r 2 . ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ begin ( aligned ) \\ mathrm ( Area ) ( r ) & ( ) = \\ int _ ( 0 ) ^ ( r ) 2 \\ pi t \\ , dt \\ \\ & ( ) = 2 \\ pi \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( t ^ ( 2 ) ) ( 2 ) ) \\ right ) _ ( 0 ) ^ ( r ) \\ \\ & ( ) = \\ pi r ^ ( 2 ). \\ end ( aligned ) ) )","sentences":["A r e a ( r ) = \u222b 0","r 2 \u03c0 t d t = 2 \u03c0 ( t 2 2 ) 0","r = \u03c0 r 2 .","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ begin ( aligned )","\\ mathrm ( Area ) ( r ) & ( ) = \\ int _","( 0 )","^ ( r ) 2 \\ pi t \\ , dt \\ \\ & ( ) = 2 \\ pi \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( t ^ ( 2 ) )","( 2 ) )","\\ right ) _","( 0 )","^ ( r )","\\ \\ & ( ) = \\ pi r","^","( 2 ).","\\ end ( aligned ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"332208847406247041","input":"who used the american system of manufactures to produce clocks","passages":[{"title":"Waltham Watch Company","text":"In early 1962 , Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ) engineers began work on the Apollo navigation system . The engineers ' starting point was MIT 's revolutionary guidance system , which included gyroscopes and instruments for measuring changes in direction . The guidance system was high mechanical technology , like the precision parts in a watch . MIT . engineers , students and staff , led by Dr. Charles Stark Draper , worked closely with the Waltham Watch Company . The MIT team learned how to work with high precision machining while under the operation and direction of military contractor Raytheon Space and Information Systems Division Waltham Operations . Mechanical gyroscopes , spinning with ever - higher precision , very low friction , and very low wear , required the utmost accuracy and absence of even the most minute defect . Nobody had ever tried to manufacture precision instruments that would work with such accuracy before the Waltham team . It is said that the hygiene and cleanliness rules of the team were so strict that women were not allowed to wear makeup and if someone had just come back from a sunny vacation , they were forbidden to work near the assembly area for fear that they could have skin flaking off from their suntans .","sentences":["In early 1962 , Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ) engineers began work on the Apollo navigation system .","The engineers ' starting point was MIT 's revolutionary guidance system , which included gyroscopes and instruments for measuring changes in direction .","The guidance system was high mechanical technology , like the precision parts in a watch .","MIT .","engineers , students and staff , led by Dr. Charles Stark Draper , worked closely with the Waltham Watch Company .","The MIT team learned how to work with high precision machining while under the operation and direction of military contractor Raytheon Space and Information Systems Division Waltham Operations .","Mechanical gyroscopes , spinning with ever - higher precision , very low friction , and very low wear , required the utmost accuracy and absence of even the most minute defect .","Nobody had ever tried to manufacture precision instruments that would work with such accuracy before the Waltham team .","It is said that the hygiene and cleanliness rules of the team were so strict that women were not allowed to wear makeup and if someone had just come back from a sunny vacation , they were forbidden to work near the assembly area for fear that they could have skin flaking off from their suntans ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1142454681841573726","input":"what is there in the center of earth","passages":[{"title":"History of the center of the Universe","text":"On 7 January 1610 Galileo used his telescope , with optics superior to what had been available before . He described `` three fixed stars , totally invisible by their smallness '' , all close to Jupiter , and lying on a straight line through it . Observations on subsequent nights showed that the positions of these `` stars '' relative to Jupiter were changing in a way that would have been inexplicable if they had really been fixed stars . On 10 January Galileo noted that one of them had disappeared , an observation which he attributed to its being hidden behind Jupiter . Within a few days he concluded that they were orbiting Jupiter : Galileo stated that he had reached this conclusion on 11 January . He had discovered three of Jupiter 's four largest satellites ( moons ) . He discovered the fourth on 13 January .","sentences":["On 7 January 1610 Galileo used his telescope , with optics superior to what had been available before .","He described `` three fixed stars , totally invisible by their smallness '' , all close to Jupiter , and lying on a straight line through it .","Observations on subsequent nights showed that the positions of these `` stars '' relative to Jupiter were changing in a way that would have been inexplicable if they had really been fixed stars .","On 10 January Galileo noted that one of them had disappeared , an observation which he attributed to its being hidden behind Jupiter .","Within a few days he concluded that they were orbiting Jupiter :","Galileo stated that he had reached this conclusion on 11 January .","He had discovered three of Jupiter 's four largest satellites ( moons ) .","He discovered the fourth on 13 January ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4475713911658913458","input":"what is the greatest contribution of the united states to philippine civilization","passages":[{"title":"History of the Philippines (1898\u20131946)","text":"`` Dated Ermita Headquarters 2nd Division 13 to Gen. Aguinaldo . Commanding Filipino Forces. -- Manila , taken . Serious trouble threatened between our forces . Try and prevent it . Your troops should not force themselves in the city until we have received the full surrender then we will negotiate with you . - Anderson , commanding . ''","sentences":["`` Dated Ermita Headquarters 2nd Division 13 to Gen. Aguinaldo .","Commanding Filipino Forces.","--","Manila , taken .","Serious trouble threatened between our forces .","Try and prevent it .","Your troops should not force themselves in the city until we have received the full surrender then we will negotiate with you .","-","Anderson , commanding . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1008414979454102179","input":"where is the 4th ward in paterson nj","passages":[{"title":"Paterson, New Jersey","text":"As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 146,199 people , 44,329 households , and 32,715 families residing in the city . The population density was 17,346.3 per square mile ( 6,697.4 \/ km ) . There were 47,946 housing units at an average density of 5,688.7 per square mile ( 2,196.4 \/ km ) . The racial makeup of the city was 34.68 % ( 50,706 ) White , 31.68 % ( 46,314 ) Black or African American , 1.06 % ( 1,547 ) Native American , 3.34 % ( 4,878 ) Asian , 0.04 % ( 60 ) Pacific Islander , 23.94 % ( 34,999 ) from other races , and 5.26 % ( 7,695 ) from two or more races . Hispanic or Latino of any race were 57.63 % ( 84,254 ) of the population .","sentences":["As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 146,199 people , 44,329 households , and 32,715 families residing in the city .","The population density was 17,346.3 per square mile ( 6,697.4 \/ km ) .","There were 47,946 housing units at an average density of 5,688.7 per square mile ( 2,196.4 \/ km ) .","The racial makeup of the city was 34.68 % ( 50,706 ) White , 31.68 % ( 46,314 )","Black or African American , 1.06 % ( 1,547 ) Native American , 3.34 % ( 4,878 )","Asian , 0.04 % ( 60 ) Pacific Islander , 23.94 % ( 34,999 ) from other races , and 5.26 % ( 7,695 ) from two or more races .","Hispanic or Latino of any race were 57.63 % ( 84,254 ) of the population ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4168534405114105220","input":"who played kenneth hamilton on i love lucy","passages":[{"title":"William Hopper","text":"Year Title Role Notes 1954 Mayor of the Town Girard `` Minnie 's Job '' 1955 Lux Video Theatre Brad Scott `` No Sad Songs for Me '' 1955 Ford Theatre Joe Cramer `` The Mumbys '' 1955 Lux Video Theatre Host `` Perilous Deception '' 1955 Warner Brothers Presents ... Casablanca Wilson Randall `` Labor Camp Escape '' 1956 Fury Sam Wilson `` The Hobo '' ( credited as Bill Hopper ) 1956 The 20th Century Fox Hour Phil Harland `` One Life '' 1956 Gunsmoke John Henry Jordan `` Robin Hood '' 1956 Lux Video Theatre Jim Johanson `` The Star '' 1956 Celebrity Playhouse `` Stagecoach to Paradise '' 1956 The Millionaire Capt . Jonathan Carroll `` Captain Jonathan Carroll '' 1956 Gunsmoke Tasker Sloane `` Unmarked Grave '' 1956 Lux Video Theatre George `` The Top Rung '' 1956 Jane Wyman Presents The Fireside Theatre Rick Gordon `` Ten Percent '' 1956 Matinee Theater `` Madame de Treymes '' 1956 Studio 57 Smith `` The Magic Glass '' 1957 Studio 57 Kip `` Mr. November '' 1957 Schlitz Playhouse of Stars Dan Mailer `` The Restless Gun '' ( pilot for TV series ) 1957 The Joseph Cotten Show Arnold Bait `` The Case of the Jealous Bomber '' 1957 -- 1966 Perry Mason Paul Drake 271 episodes","sentences":["Year Title Role Notes 1954 Mayor of the Town Girard `` Minnie 's Job '' 1955","Lux Video Theatre Brad Scott `` No Sad Songs for Me ''","1955 Ford Theatre Joe Cramer `` The Mumbys '' 1955 Lux Video Theatre Host `` Perilous Deception '' 1955 Warner Brothers Presents ...","Casablanca Wilson Randall `` Labor Camp Escape '' 1956 Fury Sam Wilson `` The Hobo '' ( credited as Bill Hopper ) 1956","The 20th Century Fox Hour Phil Harland `` One Life '' 1956 Gunsmoke John Henry Jordan `` Robin Hood '' 1956 Lux Video Theatre Jim Johanson `` The Star '' 1956 Celebrity Playhouse `` Stagecoach to Paradise '' 1956","The Millionaire Capt .","Jonathan Carroll `` Captain Jonathan Carroll '' 1956 Gunsmoke Tasker Sloane `` Unmarked Grave '' 1956 Lux Video Theatre George `` The Top Rung '' 1956 Jane Wyman Presents","The Fireside Theatre Rick Gordon `` Ten Percent '' 1956 Matinee Theater `` Madame de Treymes '' 1956","Studio 57 Smith `` The Magic Glass '' 1957","Studio 57 Kip `` Mr. November '' 1957","Schlitz Playhouse of Stars Dan Mailer `` The Restless Gun '' ( pilot for TV series ) 1957","The Joseph Cotten Show Arnold Bait `` The Case of the Jealous Bomber '' 1957 -- 1966 Perry Mason Paul Drake 271 episodes"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5125444087468056351","input":"where is the cell body of the neuron that directly causes sa node cells to depolarize faster","passages":[{"title":"Sinoatrial node","text":"The cells of the SA node are spread out within a mesh of connective tissue , containing nerves , blood vessels , collagen and fat . Immediately surrounding the SA node cells , are paranodal cells . These cells have structures intermediate between that of the SA node cells and the rest of the atrium . The connective tissue , along with the paranodal cells insulate the SA node from the rest of the atrium , preventing the electrical activity of the atrial cells from affecting the SA node cells . The SA node cells are smaller and paler than the surrounding atrial cells , with the average cell being around 8 micrometers in diameter and 20 - 30 micrometers in length ( 1 micrometer = 0.000001 meter ) . Unlike the atrial cells , SA node cells contain fewer mitochondria ( the power plant of the cell ) , fewer myofibers ( the contractile machinery of the cell ) , and a smaller sarcoplasmic reticulum ( a calcium storage organelle that releases calcium for contraction ) . This means that the SA node cells are less equipped to contract compared to the atrial and ventricular cells .","sentences":["The cells of the SA node are spread out within a mesh of connective tissue , containing nerves , blood vessels , collagen and fat .","Immediately surrounding the SA node cells , are paranodal cells .","These cells have structures intermediate between that of the SA node cells and the rest of the atrium .","The connective tissue , along with the paranodal cells insulate the SA node from the rest of the atrium , preventing the electrical activity of the atrial cells from affecting the SA node cells .","The SA node cells are smaller and paler than the surrounding atrial cells , with the average cell being around 8 micrometers in diameter and 20 - 30 micrometers in length ( 1 micrometer = 0.000001 meter ) .","Unlike the atrial cells , SA node cells contain fewer mitochondria ( the power plant of the cell ) , fewer myofibers ( the contractile machinery of the cell ) , and a smaller sarcoplasmic reticulum ( a calcium storage organelle that releases calcium for contraction ) .","This means that the SA node cells are less equipped to contract compared to the atrial and ventricular cells ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5794435852914733027","input":"when does how to save a life play in grey's anatomy","passages":[{"title":"How to Save a Life (Grey's Anatomy)","text":"Amidst speculation of a rift between Dempsey and Pompeo , and the show runner Rhimes , Dempsey maintained his stance of leaving in a `` very good '' place with his co-star of ten years . In an interview with Entertainment Weekly , Dempsey explained that if his exit had been a result of a conflict with the production team , it would have had happened at the end of the tenth season , when his previous contract had expired . He added that though the death of the character might be viewed as a surprising decision , he `` ( liked ) the way it has all played out . '' On his relationships with Pompeo , he said : `` it 's beautiful . We 're like a married couple ( it has been ) 10 years , and it was magic from the beginning '' He also thanked his fans for supporting him throughout the show 's run in a post on Twitter . Rhimes asserted on the importance of Dempsey 's character in the statement she released at his departure :","sentences":["Amidst speculation of a rift between Dempsey and Pompeo , and the show runner Rhimes , Dempsey maintained his stance of leaving in a `` very good '' place with his co-star of ten years .","In an interview with Entertainment Weekly , Dempsey explained that if his exit had been a result of a conflict with the production team , it would have had happened at the end of the tenth season , when his previous contract had expired .","He added that though the death of the character might be viewed as a surprising decision , he `` ( liked ) the way it has all played out . ''","On his relationships with Pompeo , he said : `` it 's beautiful .","We 're like a married couple ( it has been ) 10 years , and it was magic from the beginning ''","He also thanked his fans for supporting him throughout the show 's run in a post on Twitter .","Rhimes asserted on the importance of Dempsey 's character in the statement she released at his departure :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1973469095571548398","input":"what season of pretty little liars is the dollhouse","passages":[{"title":"Pretty Little Liars (season 6)","text":"Still psychologically scarred , the girls plan to attend school , but only Hanna shows up . Instead of going to school , Aria focuses on Andrew by trying to figure out who he really is . Emily tries to connect with Sara , resulting in her staying home with her . Spencer confronts Alison about her conversation with her father as she believes he lied to Ali . She confronts Jason , who confirms to have had an imaginary friend named Charlie . Hanna , on the other hand , wants to bring the four friends back together so they can move past what has happened . She manages to convince them to a session with Dr. Sullivan , but at the office , ' A ' sends a video threatening to stab Sara if the girls do n't leave . After trying to talk to a furious Andrew , after he is released from custody , the girls realize that they did n't hurt each other in the dollhouse , as they had thought , but that Charles wanted to prove to them that they would hurt each other if it came down to it . Alison and Jason confront their father about Charles and he finally tells them the truth about the boy as ' A ' is seen looking through the window to the DiLaurentis ' living room .","sentences":["Still psychologically scarred , the girls plan to attend school , but only Hanna shows up .","Instead of going to school , Aria focuses on Andrew by trying to figure out who he really is .","Emily tries to connect with Sara , resulting in her staying home with her .","Spencer confronts Alison about her conversation with her father as she believes he lied to Ali .","She confronts Jason , who confirms to have had an imaginary friend named Charlie .","Hanna , on the other hand , wants to bring the four friends back together so they can move past what has happened .","She manages to convince them to a session with Dr. Sullivan , but at the office , ' A ' sends a video threatening to stab Sara if the girls do n't leave .","After trying to talk to a furious Andrew , after he is released from custody , the girls realize that they did n't hurt each other in the dollhouse , as they had thought , but that Charles wanted to prove to them that they would hurt each other if it came down to it .","Alison and Jason confront their father about Charles and he finally tells them the truth about the boy as ' A ' is seen looking through the window to the DiLaurentis ' living room ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8641069936799784890","input":"when did dunkin donuts merge with baskin robbins","passages":[{"title":"Baskin-Robbins","text":"By 1948 , Burt and Irv had opened six stores . The first franchise covering the sale of ice cream was executed May 20 , 1948 , for the store at 1130 South Adams in Glendale ( Store # 1 ) . In 1949 , the company 's production facility opened in Burbank . Burt and Irv made the decision to sell the stores to the managers . In 1953 , Baskin - Robbins hired Carson - Roberts Advertising who recommended adoption of the number 31 as well as the pink ( cherry ) and brown ( chocolate ) polka dots and typeface that were reminiscent of the circus . The first store that adopted the new 31 look was 804 North Glendale Ave. in Glendale , California in March 1953 . Between 1949 and 1962 , the corporate firm was Huntington Ice Cream Company . The name succeeded The Baskin - Robbins Partnership and was eventually changed back to Baskin - Robbins , Inc. on November 26 , 1962 . Baskin - Robbins was owned by its founders until it was acquired in 1967 ( just prior to Burt Baskin 's death ) by the United Brands Company ( United Fruit ) . In the 1970s , the chain went international , opening stores in Japan , Saudi Arabia , South Korea , and Australia . Baskin - Robbins also was the first to introduce ice cream cakes to the public . A","sentences":["By 1948 , Burt and Irv had opened six stores .","The first franchise covering the sale of ice cream was executed May 20 , 1948 , for the store at 1130 South Adams in Glendale ( Store # 1 ) .","In 1949 , the company 's production facility opened in Burbank .","Burt and Irv made the decision to sell the stores to the managers .","In 1953 , Baskin - Robbins hired Carson - Roberts Advertising who recommended adoption of the number 31 as well as the pink ( cherry ) and brown ( chocolate ) polka dots and typeface that were reminiscent of the circus .","The first store that adopted the new 31 look was 804 North Glendale Ave.","in Glendale , California in March 1953 .","Between 1949 and 1962 , the corporate firm was Huntington Ice Cream Company .","The name succeeded The Baskin - Robbins Partnership and was eventually changed back to Baskin - Robbins , Inc. on November 26 , 1962 .","Baskin - Robbins was owned by its founders until it was acquired in 1967 ( just prior to Burt Baskin 's death ) by the United Brands Company ( United Fruit ) .","In the 1970s , the chain went international , opening stores in Japan , Saudi Arabia , South Korea , and Australia .","Baskin - Robbins also was the first to introduce ice cream cakes to the public .","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8295562036090787363","input":"how many different ways are there to spell brittany","passages":[{"title":"Brittany","text":"Brittany , apart from some areas such as Lorient , Nantes and Saint - Nazaire , has never been heavily industrialised . Today , fishing and agriculture remain important activities . Brittany has more than 40,000 agricultural exploitations , mostly oriented towards cattle , pig and poultry breeding , and cereals and vegetables production . The number of exploitations tends to diminish , but as a result , they are merged into very large estates . Brittany is the first producer in France for vegetables ( green beans , onions , artichokes , potatoes , tomatoes ... ) . Cereals are mostly grown for cattle feeding . Wine , especially muscadet , is made in a small region south of Nantes . Brittany is the first region in France for fishing . The activity employs around 9,000 people , and more than 60 firms work in fish and seafood processing . A","sentences":["Brittany , apart from some areas such as Lorient , Nantes and Saint - Nazaire , has never been heavily industrialised .","Today , fishing and agriculture remain important activities .","Brittany has more than 40,000 agricultural exploitations , mostly oriented towards cattle , pig and poultry breeding , and cereals and vegetables production .","The number of exploitations tends to diminish , but as a result , they are merged into very large estates .","Brittany is the first producer in France for vegetables ( green beans , onions , artichokes , potatoes , tomatoes ... ) .","Cereals are mostly grown for cattle feeding .","Wine , especially muscadet , is made in a small region south of Nantes .","Brittany is the first region in France for fishing .","The activity employs around 9,000 people , and more than 60 firms work in fish and seafood processing .","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6694947779741714653","input":"where are u now that i need you","passages":[{"title":"Where Are \u00dc Now","text":"As The New York Times writer Jon Pareles recalled , `` They reversed the original order of the verses . They took the lone a cappella vocal track they had from Mr. Bieber , cut it to stutter certain words in the introduction , and pitched it higher and lower in various parts of the song , allowing Mr. Bieber to answer himself from below and harmonize above . They toyed with dance beats , keyboard chords and bass lines -- thickening the song and then thinning it again . They concocted sounds that were determinedly different from standard dance - club fare ; what seems like a snare drum , for instance , is actually a tweaked version of an Indian tabla . '' `` Where Are \u00dc Now '' was released as the duo 's second single from their debut album , Skrillex and Diplo Present Jack \u00dc ( 2015 ) on February 27 , 2015 , and was later released as a bonus track on Bieber 's fourth studio album , Purpose ( 2015 ) . The original version , titled `` The Most '' , was also released as a bonus track on the Japanese version of Purpose .","sentences":["As The New York Times writer Jon Pareles recalled , `` They reversed the original order of the verses .","They took the lone a cappella vocal track they had from Mr. Bieber , cut it to stutter certain words in the introduction , and pitched it higher and lower in various parts of the song , allowing Mr. Bieber to answer himself from below and harmonize above .","They toyed with dance beats , keyboard chords and bass lines -- thickening the song and then thinning it again .","They concocted sounds that were determinedly different from standard dance - club fare ; what seems like a snare drum , for instance , is actually a tweaked version of an Indian tabla . ''","`` Where Are \u00dc Now '' was released as the duo 's second single from their debut album , Skrillex and Diplo Present Jack \u00dc ( 2015 ) on February 27 , 2015 , and was later released as a bonus track on Bieber 's fourth studio album , Purpose ( 2015 ) .","The original version , titled `` The Most '' , was also released as a bonus track on the Japanese version of Purpose ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5033046541604666361","input":"what are the names of all the keys in florida","passages":[{"title":"Florida Keys","text":"The Florida Keys have taken their present form as the result of the drastic changes in sea level associated with recent glaciations or ice ages . Beginning some 130,000 years ago the Sangamonian Stage raised sea levels to approximately 25 feet ( 7.5 m ) above the current level . All of southern Florida was covered by a shallow sea . Several parallel lines of reef formed along the edge of the submerged Florida plateau , stretching south and then west from the present Miami area to what is now the Dry Tortugas . This reef formed the Key Largo limestone that is exposed on the surface from Soldier Key ( midway between Key Biscayne and Elliott Key ) to the southeast portion of Big Pine Key and the Newfound Harbor Keys . The types of coral that formed Key Largo limestone can be identified on the exposed surface of these keys .","sentences":["The Florida Keys have taken their present form as the result of the drastic changes in sea level associated with recent glaciations or ice ages .","Beginning some 130,000 years ago the Sangamonian Stage raised sea levels to approximately 25 feet ( 7.5 m ) above the current level .","All of southern Florida was covered by a shallow sea .","Several parallel lines of reef formed along the edge of the submerged Florida plateau , stretching south and then west from the present Miami area to what is now the Dry Tortugas .","This reef formed the Key Largo limestone that is exposed on the surface from Soldier Key ( midway between Key Biscayne and Elliott Key ) to the southeast portion of Big Pine Key and the Newfound Harbor Keys .","The types of coral that formed Key Largo limestone can be identified on the exposed surface of these keys ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5341849621006339365","input":"where are the ryukyu islands located on a map","passages":[{"title":"Ryukyu Islands","text":"Some articles of 1187 of the Azuma Kagami state that Ata Tadakage of Satsuma Province fled to Kikai Island ( \u8cb4 \u6d77\u5cf6 , Kikaishima ) sometime around 1160 . The Azuma Kagami also states that in 1188 Minamoto no Yoritomo , who soon became the sh\u014dgun , dispatched troops to pacify Kikai Island ( \u8cb4 \u8cc0 \u4e95\u5cf6 , Kikaishima ) . It was noted that the imperial court objected the military expedition claiming that it was beyond Japan 's administration . The Tale of the Heike ( 13th century ) depicted Kikai Island ( \u9b3c \u754c \u5cf6 , Kikaishima ) , where Shunkan , Taira no Yasuyori , and Fujiwara no Naritsune were exiled following the Shishigatani Incident of 1177 . The island depicted , characterized by sulfur , is identified as I\u014djima of the \u014csumi Islands , which is part of Kikai Caldera . Since China 's invention of gunpowder made sulfur Japan 's major export , Sulfur Island or I\u014dgashima became another representative of the southern islands . It is noted by scholars that the character representing the first syllable of Kikai changed from ki ( \u8cb4 , noble ) to ki ( \u9b3c , ogre ) from the end of the 12th century to the early 13th century .","sentences":["Some articles of 1187 of the Azuma Kagami state that Ata Tadakage of Satsuma Province fled to Kikai Island ( \u8cb4 \u6d77\u5cf6 , Kikaishima ) sometime around 1160 .","The Azuma Kagami also states that in 1188 Minamoto no Yoritomo , who soon became the sh\u014dgun , dispatched troops to pacify Kikai Island ( \u8cb4 \u8cc0 \u4e95\u5cf6 , Kikaishima ) .","It was noted that the imperial court objected the military expedition claiming that it was beyond Japan 's administration .","The Tale of the Heike ( 13th century ) depicted Kikai Island ( \u9b3c \u754c \u5cf6 , Kikaishima ) , where Shunkan , Taira no Yasuyori , and Fujiwara no Naritsune were exiled following the Shishigatani Incident of 1177 .","The island depicted , characterized by sulfur , is identified as I\u014djima of the \u014csumi Islands , which is part of Kikai Caldera .","Since China 's invention of gunpowder made sulfur Japan 's major export , Sulfur Island or I\u014dgashima became another representative of the southern islands .","It is noted by scholars that the character representing the first syllable of Kikai changed from ki ( \u8cb4 , noble ) to ki ( \u9b3c , ogre ) from the end of the 12th century to the early 13th century ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"393984058802223689","input":"what does yoshino mean by the new civil rights","passages":[{"title":"Covering: The Hidden Assault on Our Civil Rights","text":"While in Oxford , Yoshino had fallen in love . The person he loved was not a woman . He had to tell his dad this . He then came out to his mom . Though they were both supportive , he knew that this was not what they wanted . Passing is best defined through the `` Do n't ask , do n't tell '' policy , which has been in effect since the Congress and the Department of Defense put it in place in 1993 . Rather than trying to change a gay person 's perspective and likings , they would just ignore the fact that a person was gay . The shift from conversion to passing was gradual and did not necessary represent an advance in society 's acceptance of homosexuals , because of their overlapping . Passing was an act that his parents demonstrated . Though they accepted the fact that Kenji was gay , it was not something talked about , and more ignored from their thought of their son .","sentences":["While in Oxford , Yoshino had fallen in love .","The person he loved was not a woman .","He had to tell his dad this .","He then came out to his mom .","Though they were both supportive , he knew that this was not what they wanted .","Passing is best defined through the `` Do n't ask , do n't tell '' policy , which has been in effect since the Congress and the Department of Defense put it in place in 1993 .","Rather than trying to change a gay person 's perspective and likings , they would just ignore the fact that a person was gay .","The shift from conversion to passing was gradual and did not necessary represent an advance in society 's acceptance of homosexuals , because of their overlapping .","Passing was an act that his parents demonstrated .","Though they accepted the fact that Kenji was gay , it was not something talked about , and more ignored from their thought of their son ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-549776814794355447","input":"who is the owner of the land on which the scientific museum is located in kuwait","passages":[{"title":"Kuwait Scientific Center","text":"This article does not cite any sources . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( April 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) An","sentences":["This article does not cite any sources .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( April 2014 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","An"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8842305991807479255","input":"what is the role of the world health organisation","passages":[{"title":"World Health Organization","text":"Each region has a Regional Committee , which generally meets once a year , normally in the autumn . Representatives attend from each member or associative member in each region , including those states that are not fully recognized . For example , Palestine attends meetings of the Eastern Mediterranean Regional office . Each region also has a regional office . Each Regional Office is headed by a Regional Director , who is elected by the Regional Committee . The Board must approve such appointments , although as of 2004 , it had never over-ruled the preference of a regional committee . The exact role of the board in the process has been a subject of debate , but the practical effect has always been small . Since 1999 , Regional Directors serve for a once - renewable five - year term .","sentences":["Each region has a Regional Committee , which generally meets once a year , normally in the autumn .","Representatives attend from each member or associative member in each region , including those states that are not fully recognized .","For example , Palestine attends meetings of the Eastern Mediterranean Regional office .","Each region also has a regional office .","Each Regional Office is headed by a Regional Director , who is elected by the Regional Committee .","The Board must approve such appointments , although as of 2004 , it had never over-ruled the preference of a regional committee .","The exact role of the board in the process has been a subject of debate , but the practical effect has always been small .","Since 1999 , Regional Directors serve for a once - renewable five - year term ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2940328778196857033","input":"what is the t rex name in land before time","passages":[{"title":"List of The Land Before Time characters","text":"A Liopleurodon , dubbed a Sharptooth Swimmer , appears in The Land Before Time IX : Journey to Big Water . A resident of the Big Water , it is stranded in a body of water in the Great Valley after a large rainstorm . It then tries to eat Littlefoot and the gang , but it becomes trapped in a cave after an earthquake . After getting free , it relentlessly pursues the gang into the Mysterious Beyond , where they encounter it again . The Liopleurodon is lured away by Mo , who is apparently eaten by it , much to Littlefoot 's distress . However , they find Mo safe and sound , and he tells the gang of how he managed to hide from the Liopleurodon , after which it sensed the Big Water was nearby and swam away back to its home .","sentences":["A Liopleurodon , dubbed a Sharptooth Swimmer , appears in The Land Before Time IX : Journey to Big Water .","A resident of the Big Water , it is stranded in a body of water in the Great Valley after a large rainstorm .","It then tries to eat Littlefoot and the gang , but it becomes trapped in a cave after an earthquake .","After getting free , it relentlessly pursues the gang into the Mysterious Beyond , where they encounter it again .","The Liopleurodon is lured away by Mo , who is apparently eaten by it , much to Littlefoot 's distress .","However , they find Mo safe and sound , and he tells the gang of how he managed to hide from the Liopleurodon , after which it sensed the Big Water was nearby and swam away back to its home ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8020382176471038603","input":"where do the english royalty get their money","passages":[{"title":"Finances of the British royal family","text":"In 2017 , the Paradise Papers revealed that the Duchy held investments in two offshore financial centres , the Cayman Islands and Bermuda . Both are British Overseas Territories of which Queen Elizabeth II is monarch , and nominally appoints governors . Britain handles foreign policy for both islands to a large extent , but Bermuda has been self - governing since 1620 . The Duchy 's investments included First Quench Retailing off - licences and rent - to - own retailer BrightHouse . Labour Party Leader Jeremy Corbyn posited that the Queen should apologize , saying anyone with money offshore for tax avoidance should `` not just apologise for it , ( but ) recognise what it does to our society '' . A spokesman for the Duchy said that all of their investments are audited and legitimate and that the Queen voluntarily pays taxes on income she receives from Duchy investments .","sentences":["In 2017 , the Paradise Papers revealed that the Duchy held investments in two offshore financial centres , the Cayman Islands and Bermuda .","Both are British Overseas Territories of which Queen Elizabeth II is monarch , and nominally appoints governors .","Britain handles foreign policy for both islands to a large extent , but Bermuda has been self - governing since 1620 .","The Duchy 's investments included First Quench Retailing off - licences and rent - to - own retailer BrightHouse .","Labour Party Leader Jeremy Corbyn posited that the Queen should apologize , saying anyone with money offshore for tax avoidance should `` not just apologise for it , ( but ) recognise what it does to our society '' .","A spokesman for the Duchy said that all of their investments are audited and legitimate and that the Queen voluntarily pays taxes on income she receives from Duchy investments ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4119185507759469017","input":"congress of vienna meets to settle napoleonic wars","passages":[{"title":"Congress of Vienna","text":"Congress Secretary Friedrich von Gentz reported , `` The intervention of Talleyrand and Labrador has hopelessly upset all our plans . Talleyrand protested against the procedure we have adopted and soundly ( be ) rated us for two hours . It was a scene I shall never forget . '' The embarrassed representatives of the Allies replied that the document concerning the protocol they had arranged actually meant nothing . `` If it means so little , why did you sign it ? '' snapped Labrador .","sentences":["Congress Secretary Friedrich von Gentz reported , `` The intervention of Talleyrand and Labrador has hopelessly upset all our plans .","Talleyrand protested against the procedure we have adopted and soundly ( be ) rated us for two hours .","It was a scene I shall never forget . ''","The embarrassed representatives of the Allies replied that the document concerning the protocol they had arranged actually meant nothing .","`` If it means so little , why did you sign it ? ''","snapped Labrador ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5611688562474095933","input":"what indian tribe lived in mission san rafael","passages":[{"title":"Mission San Rafael Arc\u00e1ngel","text":"Mission San Rafael Arc\u00e1ngel The reconstructed capilla ( chapel ) of Mission San Rafael Arc\u00e1ngel is to the right of Saint Raphael 's Church . Location of Mission San Rafael Arc\u00e1ngel in California Location 1104 5th Avenue San Rafael , California 94901 - 2916 Coordinates 37 \u00b0 58 \u2032 27.6 '' N 122 \u00b0 31 \u2032 40.5 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.974333 \u00b0 N 122.527917 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.974333 ; - 122.527917 Coordinates : 37 \u00b0 58 \u2032 27.6 '' N 122 \u00b0 31 \u2032 40.5 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.974333 \u00b0 N 122.527917 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.974333 ; - 122.527917 Name as founded La Misi\u00f3n del Glorios\u00edsimo Pr\u00edncipe San Rafael , Arc\u00e1ngel English translation The Mission of the Glorious Prince , Archangel Saint Raphael Patron The Glorious Prince Saint Raphael , Archangel Nickname ( s ) `` Mission of Bodily Healing '' Founding date December 14 , 1817 Founding priest ( s ) Father Vicente Francisco de Sarr\u00eda Founding Order Twentieth Military district Fourth Native place name ( s ) ' Anaguani Baptisms 1,821 Marriages 519 Burials 652 Secularized 1834 Returned to the Church 1855 Governing body Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco Current use Chapel \/ Museum California Historical Landmark Reference no . 220 Website http:\/\/saintraphael.com","sentences":["Mission San Rafael Arc\u00e1ngel The reconstructed capilla ( chapel ) of Mission San Rafael Arc\u00e1ngel is to the right of Saint Raphael 's Church .","Location of Mission San Rafael Arc\u00e1ngel in California Location 1104 5th","Avenue San Rafael , California 94901 - 2916 Coordinates 37 \u00b0 58 \u2032 27.6 ''","N 122 \u00b0 31","\u2032 40.5 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.974333 \u00b0","N 122.527917 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.974333 ; - 122.527917 Coordinates : 37 \u00b0 58 \u2032 27.6 ''","N 122 \u00b0 31","\u2032 40.5 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.974333 \u00b0","N 122.527917 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.974333 ; - 122.527917 Name as founded La Misi\u00f3n del Glorios\u00edsimo Pr\u00edncipe San Rafael , Arc\u00e1ngel English translation The Mission of the Glorious Prince , Archangel Saint Raphael Patron","The Glorious Prince Saint Raphael , Archangel Nickname ( s ) `` Mission of Bodily Healing '' Founding date December 14 , 1817 Founding priest ( s ) Father Vicente Francisco de Sarr\u00eda Founding Order Twentieth Military district Fourth Native place name ( s ) '","Anaguani Baptisms 1,821 Marriages 519 Burials 652 Secularized 1834 Returned to the Church 1855 Governing body Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco Current use Chapel \/ Museum California Historical Landmark Reference no .","220 Website http:\/\/saintraphael.com"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5999752467153044816","input":"who won in the movie alien vs predator","passages":[{"title":"Alien vs. Predator (film)","text":"Third scale miniatures several meters in height were created to give the film the effect of realism , rather than relying on computer generated imagery ( CGI ) . For the whaling station miniatures and life - sized sets , over 700 bags of artificial snow were used ( roughly 15 -- 20 tons ) . A 4.5 - meter miniature of an icebreaker with working lights and a mechanical moving radar was created , costing almost $37,000 and taking 10 weeks to create . Visual effects producer Arthur Windus , claimed miniatures were beneficial in the filming process : `` With computer graphics , you need to spend a lot of time making it real . With a miniature , you shoot it and its there . '' A scale 25 - meter miniature of the whaling station was created in several months . It was designed so the model could be collapsed and then reconstructed , which proved beneficial for a six - second shot which required a re-shoot .","sentences":["Third scale miniatures several meters in height were created to give the film the effect of realism , rather than relying on computer generated imagery ( CGI ) .","For the whaling station miniatures and life - sized sets , over 700 bags of artificial snow were used ( roughly 15 -- 20 tons ) .","A 4.5 - meter miniature of an icebreaker with working lights and a mechanical moving radar was created , costing almost $37,000 and taking 10 weeks to create .","Visual effects producer Arthur Windus , claimed miniatures were beneficial in the filming process : `` With computer graphics , you need to spend a lot of time making it real .","With a miniature , you shoot it and its there . ''","A scale 25 - meter miniature of the whaling station was created in several months .","It was designed so the model could be collapsed and then reconstructed , which proved beneficial for a six - second shot which required a re-shoot ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8016788393747251692","input":"where does the british royal family come from","passages":[{"title":"Monarchy of the United Kingdom","text":"David II died childless in 1371 and was succeeded by his nephew Robert II of the House of Stuart . The reigns of both Robert II and his successor , Robert III , were marked by a general decline in royal power . When Robert III died in 1406 , regents had to rule the country ; the monarch , Robert III 's son James I , had been taken captive by the English . Having paid a large ransom , James returned to Scotland in 1424 ; to restore his authority , he used ruthless measures , including the execution of several of his enemies . He was assassinated by a group of nobles . James II continued his father 's policies by subduing influential noblemen but he was killed in an accident at the age of thirty , and a council of regents again assumed power . James III was defeated in a battle against rebellious Scottish earls in 1488 , leading to another boy - king : James IV .","sentences":["David II died childless in 1371 and was succeeded by his nephew Robert II of the House of Stuart .","The reigns of both Robert II and his successor , Robert III , were marked by a general decline in royal power .","When Robert III died in 1406 , regents had to rule the country ; the monarch , Robert III 's son James I , had been taken captive by the English .","Having paid a large ransom , James returned to Scotland in 1424 ; to restore his authority , he used ruthless measures , including the execution of several of his enemies .","He was assassinated by a group of nobles .","James II continued his father 's policies by subduing influential noblemen but he was killed in an accident at the age of thirty , and a council of regents again assumed power .","James III was defeated in a battle against rebellious Scottish earls in 1488 , leading to another boy - king : James IV ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4341271563720996889","input":"where is the matterhorn located on a map","passages":[{"title":"Matterhorn","text":"Routes Start Time of ascent Difficulty Ridges H\u00f6rnli H\u00f6rnli Hut 6 hours AD+ \/ III+ Zmutt H\u00f6rnli Hut ( or Sch\u00f6nbiel Hut ) 7 hours ( 10 hours ) D \/ IV Lion Carrel Hut 5 hours AD+ \/ III Furggen Bivacco Bossi 7 hours TD \/ V+ Faces North H\u00f6rnli Hut 14 hours TD \/ V West Sch\u00f6nbiel Hut 12 hours TD \/ V+ South Rifugio Duca degli Abruzzi 15 hours TD+ \/ V+ East H\u00f6rnli Hut 14 hours TD","sentences":["Routes Start Time of ascent Difficulty Ridges H\u00f6rnli H\u00f6rnli Hut 6 hours AD+ \/","III+ Zmutt H\u00f6rnli Hut ( or Sch\u00f6nbiel Hut ) 7 hours ( 10 hours )","D \/ IV Lion Carrel Hut 5 hours AD+","\/ III Furggen Bivacco Bossi 7 hours TD \/ V+ Faces North H\u00f6rnli Hut 14 hours TD \/ V West Sch\u00f6nbiel Hut 12 hours TD \/ V+ South Rifugio Duca degli Abruzzi 15 hours","TD+ \/","V+ East H\u00f6rnli Hut 14 hours TD"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"557927925163461203","input":"what was the monetary policy during the great depression","passages":[{"title":"Causes of the Great Depression","text":"Building on both the monetary hypothesis of Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz as well as the debt deflation hypothesis of Irving Fisher , Ben Bernanke developed an alternative way in which the financial crisis affected output . He builds on Fisher 's argument that dramatic declines in the price level and nominal incomes lead to increasing real debt burdens which in turn leads to debtor insolvency and consequently leads to lowered aggregate demand , a further decline in the price level then results in a debt deflationary spiral . According to Bernanke , a small decline in the price level simply reallocates wealth from debtors to creditors without doing damage to the economy . But when the deflation is severe falling asset prices along with debtor bankruptcies lead to a decline in the nominal value of assets on bank balance sheets . Banks will react by tightening their credit conditions , that in turn leads to a credit crunch which does serious harm to the economy . A credit crunch lowers investment and consumption and results in declining aggregate demand which additionally contributes to the deflationary spiral .","sentences":["Building on both the monetary hypothesis of Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz as well as the debt deflation hypothesis of Irving Fisher , Ben Bernanke developed an alternative way in which the financial crisis affected output .","He builds on Fisher 's argument that dramatic declines in the price level and nominal incomes lead to increasing real debt burdens which in turn leads to debtor insolvency and consequently leads to lowered aggregate demand , a further decline in the price level then results in a debt deflationary spiral .","According to Bernanke , a small decline in the price level simply reallocates wealth from debtors to creditors without doing damage to the economy .","But when the deflation is severe falling asset prices along with debtor bankruptcies lead to a decline in the nominal value of assets on bank balance sheets .","Banks will react by tightening their credit conditions , that in turn leads to a credit crunch which does serious harm to the economy .","A credit crunch lowers investment and consumption and results in declining aggregate demand which additionally contributes to the deflationary spiral ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6450865967812769336","input":"when were the months of the year created","passages":[{"title":"History of calendars","text":"For chronological purposes , the flaw of the Anno Domini system was that dates have to be reckoned backwards or forwards according as they are BC or AD . According to the Catholic Encyclopedia , `` in an ideally perfect system all events would be reckoned in one sequence . The difficulty was to find a starting point whence to reckon , for the beginnings of history in which this should naturally be placed are those of which chronologically we know least . '' For both Christians and Jews , the prime historical date was the Year of Creation , or Annus Mundi . The Eastern Orthodox Church fixed the date of Creation at 5509 BC . This remained the basis of the ecclesiastical calendar in the Greek and Russian Orthodox world until modern times . The Coptic Church fixed on 5500 BC . Later , the Church of England , under Archbishop Ussher in 1650 , would pick 4004 BC .","sentences":["For chronological purposes , the flaw of the Anno Domini system was that dates have to be reckoned backwards or forwards according as they are BC or AD .","According to the Catholic Encyclopedia , `` in an ideally perfect system all events would be reckoned in one sequence .","The difficulty was to find a starting point whence to reckon , for the beginnings of history in which this should naturally be placed are those of which chronologically we know least . ''","For both Christians and Jews , the prime historical date was the Year of Creation , or Annus Mundi .","The Eastern Orthodox Church fixed the date of Creation at 5509 BC .","This remained the basis of the ecclesiastical calendar in the Greek and Russian Orthodox world until modern times .","The Coptic Church fixed on 5500 BC .","Later , the Church of England , under Archbishop Ussher in 1650 , would pick 4004 BC ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6960285513313645708","input":"where did the name cigarette boat come from","passages":[{"title":"Go-fast boat","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( November 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) A","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( November 2009 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7600025989390711023","input":"where are the chemo-receptors that monitor blood levels of o2 co2 & h+ located","passages":[{"title":"Peripheral chemoreceptors","text":"Transferring the signal to the medulla requires that neurotransmitter be released from the vesicles in the type I cells , and as with many other neural cells , this is triggered by an influx of calcium into the cell after membrane depolarization . The process of identifying signal transduction in interoceptors such as the peripheral chemoreceptors requires moving backward from membrane depolarization to discover the previous steps , often internal to the cell , that transduces blood chemicals to a neural signal . Up to this point , most research agrees that membrane depolarization is caused by inhibition of potassium channels that otherwise maintain the resting potential . As to the step before potassium channel inhibition , many mechanisms are proposed , none of which receive unanimous support from the research community . Multiple types of potassium channels respond to hypoxia , with significant differences between different species , and a number of different types for each species . Expression of potassium channels also changes throughout the lifetime . Some studies propose that heme - oxygenase 2 is the transducer ; however , since its deletion in mice does not affect chemoreceptor oxygen sensitivity , this hypothesis is open to question . Another enzyme , AMP - activated protein kinase ( AMPK ) , provides a mechanism that could apply not only to all types of potassium channels , but also other oxygen - sensing tissues in the body , such as pulmonary vasculature and neonatal chromaffin cells . AMPK is an enzyme activated by an increase in the AMP : ATP ratio resulting from increasing cellular respiration . Once activated , the enzyme promotes production of ATP and suppresses reactions that consume it . AMPK activation is also a more appealing candidate because it can activate both of the two most common types of potassium channels . Another study identified that AMPK opens and closes potassium channels via phosphorylation , further underlining the link between the two . The role of AMPK in oxygen sensing in type - 1 cells has however also recently been called into question .","sentences":["Transferring the signal to the medulla requires that neurotransmitter be released from the vesicles in the type I cells , and as with many other neural cells , this is triggered by an influx of calcium into the cell after membrane depolarization .","The process of identifying signal transduction in interoceptors such as the peripheral chemoreceptors requires moving backward from membrane depolarization to discover the previous steps , often internal to the cell , that transduces blood chemicals to a neural signal .","Up to this point , most research agrees that membrane depolarization is caused by inhibition of potassium channels that otherwise maintain the resting potential .","As to the step before potassium channel inhibition , many mechanisms are proposed , none of which receive unanimous support from the research community .","Multiple types of potassium channels respond to hypoxia , with significant differences between different species , and a number of different types for each species .","Expression of potassium channels also changes throughout the lifetime .","Some studies propose that heme - oxygenase 2 is the transducer ; however , since its deletion in mice does not affect chemoreceptor oxygen sensitivity , this hypothesis is open to question .","Another enzyme , AMP - activated protein kinase ( AMPK ) , provides a mechanism that could apply not only to all types of potassium channels , but also other oxygen - sensing tissues in the body , such as pulmonary vasculature and neonatal chromaffin cells .","AMPK is an enzyme activated by an increase in the AMP : ATP ratio resulting from increasing cellular respiration .","Once activated , the enzyme promotes production of ATP and suppresses reactions that consume it .","AMPK activation is also a more appealing candidate because it can activate both of the two most common types of potassium channels .","Another study identified that AMPK opens and closes potassium channels via phosphorylation , further underlining the link between the two .","The role of AMPK in oxygen sensing in type - 1 cells has however also recently been called into question ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6988798297238580591","input":"what does the great barrier reef mean to australia","passages":[{"title":"Great Barrier Reef","text":"The problems that surround ecotourism in the Great Barrier Reef revolve around permanent tourism platforms . Platforms are large , ship - like vessels that act as a base for tourists while scuba diving and snorkelling in the Great Barrier Reef . Seabirds will land on the platforms and defecate which will eventually be washed into the sea . The feces carry nitrogen , phosphorus and often DDT and mercury , which cause aspergillosis , yellow - band disease , and black band disease . Areas without tourism platforms have 14 out of 9,468 ( 1.1 % ) diseased corals versus areas with tourism platforms that have 172 out of 7,043 ( 12 % ) diseased corals . Tourism is a major economic activity for the region . Thus , while non-permanent platforms could be possible in some areas , overall , permanent platforms are likely a necessity . Solutions have been suggested to siphon bird waste into gutters connecting to tanks helping lower runoff that causes coral disease .","sentences":["The problems that surround ecotourism in the Great Barrier Reef revolve around permanent tourism platforms .","Platforms are large , ship - like vessels that act as a base for tourists while scuba diving and snorkelling in the Great Barrier Reef .","Seabirds will land on the platforms and defecate which will eventually be washed into the sea .","The feces carry nitrogen , phosphorus and often DDT and mercury , which cause aspergillosis , yellow - band disease , and black band disease .","Areas without tourism platforms have 14 out of 9,468 ( 1.1 % ) diseased corals versus areas with tourism platforms that have 172 out of 7,043 ( 12 % ) diseased corals .","Tourism is a major economic activity for the region .","Thus , while non-permanent platforms could be possible in some areas , overall , permanent platforms are likely a necessity .","Solutions have been suggested to siphon bird waste into gutters connecting to tanks helping lower runoff that causes coral disease ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9072274849887034394","input":"the war on drugs a deeper understanding credits","passages":[{"title":"A Deeper Understanding","text":"No . Title Length 1 . `` Up All Night '' 6 : 23 2 . `` Pain '' 5 : 30 3 . `` Holding On '' ( Granduciel , Robbie Bennett ) 5 : 50 4 . `` Strangest Thing '' 6 : 41 5 . `` Knocked Down '' 3 : 59 6 . `` Nothing to Find '' 6 : 10 7 . `` Thinking of a Place '' 11 : 10 8 . `` In Chains '' 7 : 20 9 . `` Clean Living '' 6 : 28 10 . `` You Do n't Have to Go '' 6 : 42 Total length : 66 : 13","sentences":["No .","Title Length 1 .","`` Up All Night '' 6 : 23 2 .","`` Pain '' 5 : 30 3 .","`` Holding On '' ( Granduciel , Robbie Bennett )","5 : 50 4 .","`` Strangest Thing '' 6 : 41 5 .","`` Knocked Down '' 3 : 59 6 .","`` Nothing to Find '' 6 : 10 7 .","`` Thinking of a Place '' 11 : 10 8 .","`` In Chains '' 7 : 20 9 .","`` Clean Living '' 6 : 28 10 .","`` You Do n't Have to Go '' 6 : 42 Total length : 66 : 13"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2899002783975290478","input":"the process used for super finishing the surface to achieve high class finish is","passages":[{"title":"Surface finishing","text":"Also known as a mirror finish . This finish is produced by polishing with at least a 320 grit belt or wheel finish . Care will be taken in making sure all surface defects are removed . The part is sisal buffed and then color buffed to achieve a mirror finish . The quality of this finish is dependent on the quality of the metal being polished . Some alloys of steel and aluminum can not be brought to a mirror finish . Castings that have slag or pits will also be difficult , if not impossible , to polish to a # 8 .","sentences":["Also known as a mirror finish .","This finish is produced by polishing with at least a 320 grit belt or wheel finish .","Care will be taken in making sure all surface defects are removed .","The part is sisal buffed and then color buffed to achieve a mirror finish .","The quality of this finish is dependent on the quality of the metal being polished .","Some alloys of steel and aluminum can not be brought to a mirror finish .","Castings that have slag or pits will also be difficult , if not impossible , to polish to a # 8 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5804819731907484265","input":"the big bang theory actors in real life","passages":[{"title":"List of The Big Bang Theory characters","text":"Howard lives in Altadena with his domineering , belittling , and unseen mother , who treats him like a child . While he sometimes expresses irritation at this treatment , for the most part , he appears to prefer it . Howard dotes on his mother and participates in many of her daily routines . A recurring gimmick in the series is Howard and his mother communicating with each other from different rooms by yelling , a habit which Bernadette also adopts in later episodes . His father left them when he was 11 , and Howard gets visibly distressed when the subject comes up . Howard fancies himself a ladies ' man and attempts pick - up lines whenever a woman is present , which often come off as inappropriate and disgusting , although he has dropped this habit since he started going out with Bernadette . He is Jewish , but he is not very serious about his faith , and does not keep kosher . However , he does observe the Sabbath and the Jewish holidays .","sentences":["Howard lives in Altadena with his domineering , belittling , and unseen mother , who treats him like a child .","While he sometimes expresses irritation at this treatment , for the most part , he appears to prefer it .","Howard dotes on his mother and participates in many of her daily routines .","A recurring gimmick in the series is Howard and his mother communicating with each other from different rooms by yelling , a habit which Bernadette also adopts in later episodes .","His father left them when he was 11 , and Howard gets visibly distressed when the subject comes up .","Howard fancies himself a ladies ' man and attempts pick - up lines whenever a woman is present , which often come off as inappropriate and disgusting , although he has dropped this habit since he started going out with Bernadette .","He is Jewish , but he is not very serious about his faith , and does not keep kosher .","However , he does observe the Sabbath and the Jewish holidays ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-61500100656351403","input":"how old do you have to be to be a teacher in america","passages":[{"title":"Certified teacher","text":"Professeurs des \u00e9coles : Primary education teachers . They pass the CRPE competitive exam . Professeurs certifi\u00e9s : high school , mainly junior high , teachers . They hold the CAPES ( certificate for teaching in secondary education ) or the CAPET ( certificate for teaching in technological education ) . Professeurs de l'enseignement priv\u00e9 : private schools teachers . They hold the CAFEP ( certificate for teaching in private secondary education ) . Professeurs de lyc\u00e9es professionnels : vocational high schools teachers . They hold the CAPLP ( certificate for teaching in vocational high schools ) . Professeurs de l'enseignement physique et sportif : sport teachers . They hold the CAPEPS ( certificate for teaching sport education ) . Professeurs agr\u00e9g\u00e9s : high school teachers who may also teach in post-high school programs ( e.g. university and `` classes preparatoires aux grandes ecoles '' preparatory program to prepare students to take competitive exam to enter in engineer or business school ) . They pass the Agr\u00e9gation very competitive exam . A very prestigious title , often required for applying at academic positions . They represent a minority in high schools .","sentences":["Professeurs des \u00e9coles : Primary education teachers .","They pass the CRPE competitive exam .","Professeurs certifi\u00e9s : high school , mainly junior high , teachers .","They hold the CAPES ( certificate for teaching in secondary education ) or the CAPET ( certificate for teaching in technological education ) .","Professeurs de l'enseignement priv\u00e9 : private schools teachers .","They hold the CAFEP ( certificate for teaching in private secondary education ) .","Professeurs de lyc\u00e9es professionnels : vocational high schools teachers .","They hold the CAPLP ( certificate for teaching in vocational high schools ) .","Professeurs de l'enseignement physique et sportif : sport teachers .","They hold the CAPEPS ( certificate for teaching sport education ) .","Professeurs agr\u00e9g\u00e9s : high school teachers who may also teach in post-high school programs ( e.g. university and `` classes preparatoires aux grandes ecoles '' preparatory program to prepare students to take competitive exam to enter in engineer or business school ) .","They pass the Agr\u00e9gation very competitive exam .","A very prestigious title , often required for applying at academic positions .","They represent a minority in high schools ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2622248970732008890","input":"why did the spanish fail in their repression of holland","passages":[{"title":"Peninsular War","text":"With Ney on leave , Jean Gabriel Marchand assumed command of the VI Corps , based at Salamanca . The corps had been forced out of Galicia earlier in 1809 and had been involved in the operations in the aftermath of the Battle of Talavera in July . After hard campaigning and a lack of reinforcements , VI Corps was in a poor condition to fight and Marchand 's talents were not equal to those of Ney . Del Parque advanced from Ciudad Rodrigo in late September with the divisions of La Carrera , Losada , Belveder , and Anglona . Marchand , overconfident and scornful of his Spanish adversaries , advanced on the village of Tamames , 56 kilometres ( 35 mi ) southwest of Salamanca . In the Battle of Tamames on 18 October 1809 , the French suffered an embarrassing defeat . The French lost 1,400 killed and wounded out of 14,000 soldiers and 14 guns . Spanish casualties were 700 out of 21,500 men and 18 cannons . After the battle , Del Parque was joined by Ballesteros ' division , giving him 30,000 troops . As the Spanish advanced , Marchand abandoned Salamanca and Del Parque 's men occupied the city on 25 October .","sentences":["With Ney on leave , Jean Gabriel Marchand assumed command of the VI Corps , based at Salamanca .","The corps had been forced out of Galicia earlier in 1809 and had been involved in the operations in the aftermath of the Battle of Talavera in July .","After hard campaigning and a lack of reinforcements , VI Corps was in a poor condition to fight and Marchand 's talents were not equal to those of Ney .","Del Parque advanced from Ciudad Rodrigo in late September with the divisions of La Carrera , Losada , Belveder , and Anglona .","Marchand , overconfident and scornful of his Spanish adversaries , advanced on the village of Tamames , 56 kilometres ( 35 mi ) southwest of Salamanca .","In the Battle of Tamames on 18 October 1809 , the French suffered an embarrassing defeat .","The French lost 1,400 killed and wounded out of 14,000 soldiers and 14 guns .","Spanish casualties were 700 out of 21,500 men and 18 cannons .","After the battle , Del Parque was joined by Ballesteros ' division , giving him 30,000 troops .","As the Spanish advanced , Marchand abandoned Salamanca and Del Parque 's men occupied the city on 25 October ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9158245531865335703","input":"what does scotland contribute to the uk economy","passages":[{"title":"Economy of Scotland","text":"From 1790 the chief industry in the west of Scotland became textiles , especially the spinning and weaving of cotton . This flourished until the American Civil War in 1861 cut off the supplies of raw cotton ; the industry never recovered . However , by that time Scotland had developed heavy industries based on its coal and iron resources . The invention of the hot blast for smelting iron ( 1828 ) had revolutionised the iron industry , and Scotland became a centre for engineering , shipbuilding , and locomotive construction . Toward the end of the 19th century steel production largely replaced iron production . Emigrant Andrew Carnegie ( 1835 -- 1919 ) built the American steel industry , and spent much of his time and philanthropy in Scotland . Agriculture gained after the union , and standards remained high . However the adoption of free trade in mid-19th century brought cheap American corn which undersold local farmers . The industrial developments , while they brought work and wealth , were so rapid that housing , town planning , and provision for public health did not keep pace with them , and for a time living conditions in some of the towns were notoriously bad .","sentences":["From 1790 the chief industry in the west of Scotland became textiles , especially the spinning and weaving of cotton .","This flourished until the American Civil War in 1861 cut off the supplies of raw cotton ; the industry never recovered .","However , by that time Scotland had developed heavy industries based on its coal and iron resources .","The invention of the hot blast for smelting iron ( 1828 ) had revolutionised the iron industry , and Scotland became a centre for engineering , shipbuilding , and locomotive construction .","Toward the end of the 19th century steel production largely replaced iron production .","Emigrant Andrew Carnegie ( 1835 -- 1919 ) built the American steel industry , and spent much of his time and philanthropy in Scotland .","Agriculture gained after the union , and standards remained high .","However the adoption of free trade in mid-19th century brought cheap American corn which undersold local farmers .","The industrial developments , while they brought work and wealth , were so rapid that housing , town planning , and provision for public health did not keep pace with them , and for a time living conditions in some of the towns were notoriously bad ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2897883495734539211","input":"where is chitty chitty bang bang car now","passages":[{"title":"Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (car)","text":"A replica car , built by retired NYPD police Sergeant , Tony Garofalo , of Long Island , New York , was completed in June 2015 after a 5 - year project build at a cost of over $100,000 . The car is modelled in exacting detail to the original motion picture car , after Garofalo conducted a personal inspection of two original Chitty Chitty Bang Bang cars . Built on a vintage , road legal , 1914 Overland car , and a vintage Ford Model A Engine , the car features automated opening retractable wings and vintage brass adornments . All of the bright work featured is brass , aluminum , stainless steel and copper to prevent any corrosion over time . It is reported that over 90 % of the car has been fabricated , although the original vintage chassis , drivetrain and rear axle have been retained , with an additional conversion to 12 volts . The car is finely detailed with all of the iconic brass features of the original movie car , including a vintage serpent snake horn from an antique Mercedes vehicle . Garofalo also owns the original Broadway Stage Production Chitty Chitty Bang Bang car featured in the U.S. Stage tour , as well as a costume worn by Dick Van Dyke in the film .","sentences":["A replica car , built by retired NYPD police Sergeant , Tony Garofalo , of Long Island , New York , was completed in June 2015 after a 5 - year project build at a cost of over $100,000 .","The car is modelled in exacting detail to the original motion picture car , after Garofalo conducted a personal inspection of two original Chitty Chitty Bang Bang cars .","Built on a vintage , road legal , 1914 Overland car , and a vintage Ford Model A Engine , the car features automated opening retractable wings and vintage brass adornments .","All of the bright work featured is brass , aluminum , stainless steel and copper to prevent any corrosion over time .","It is reported that over 90 % of the car has been fabricated , although the original vintage chassis , drivetrain and rear axle have been retained , with an additional conversion to 12 volts .","The car is finely detailed with all of the iconic brass features of the original movie car , including a vintage serpent snake horn from an antique Mercedes vehicle .","Garofalo also owns the original Broadway Stage Production Chitty Chitty Bang Bang car featured in the U.S. Stage tour , as well as a costume worn by Dick Van Dyke in the film ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2175721976198841818","input":"where do seafloors with older ages tend to be found","passages":[{"title":"Seafloor spreading","text":"In the general case , sea floor spreading starts as a rift in a continental land mass , similar to the Red Sea - East Africa Rift System today . The process starts by heating at the base of the continental crust which causes it to become more plastic and less dense . Because less dense objects rise in relation to denser objects , the area being heated becomes a broad dome ( see isostasy ) . As the crust bows upward , fractures occur that gradually grow into rifts . The typical rift system consists of three rift arms at approximately 120 degree angles . These areas are named triple junctions and can be found in several places across the world today . The separated margins of the continents evolve to form passive margins . Hess ' theory was that new seafloor is formed when magma is forced upward toward the surface at a mid-ocean ridge .","sentences":["In the general case , sea floor spreading starts as a rift in a continental land mass , similar to the Red Sea - East Africa Rift System today .","The process starts by heating at the base of the continental crust which causes it to become more plastic and less dense .","Because less dense objects rise in relation to denser objects , the area being heated becomes a broad dome ( see isostasy ) .","As the crust bows upward , fractures occur that gradually grow into rifts .","The typical rift system consists of three rift arms at approximately 120 degree angles .","These areas are named triple junctions and can be found in several places across the world today .","The separated margins of the continents evolve to form passive margins .","Hess ' theory was that new seafloor is formed when magma is forced upward toward the surface at a mid-ocean ridge ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3709944182206568016","input":"why were the pope and the emperor willing to accept the terms of the concordat of worms","passages":[{"title":"Concordat of Worms","text":"In the period immediately after 1000 , two figures appeared to lead Western Christendom , the pope and the Holy Roman Emperor . Antagonism between the two dominated the next century . After the death of Pope Sylvester II in 1003 , the papacy fell under the influence of the nobility in Latium , and then after 1046 , under the influence of the German emperors . The reality for the west in the Middle Ages was not only the fact that government was split up into small particles but also the fact that vertical and horizontal powers were entangled . People in the Middle Ages did not always know to which of the many lords , the Church and the individual churches , the towns , princes , and kings , they were subordinate . This can be observed in the complexity even at the administrative and judicial level in the jurisdictional conflicts that fill mediaeval history .","sentences":["In the period immediately after 1000 , two figures appeared to lead Western Christendom , the pope and the Holy Roman Emperor .","Antagonism between the two dominated the next century .","After the death of Pope Sylvester II in 1003 , the papacy fell under the influence of the nobility in Latium , and then after 1046 , under the influence of the German emperors .","The reality for the west in the Middle Ages was not only the fact that government was split up into small particles but also the fact that vertical and horizontal powers were entangled .","People in the Middle Ages did not always know to which of the many lords , the Church and the individual churches , the towns , princes , and kings , they were subordinate .","This can be observed in the complexity even at the administrative and judicial level in the jurisdictional conflicts that fill mediaeval history ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1836163520983922747","input":"does australian permanent resident need a visa to visit usa","passages":[{"title":"Australian permanent resident","text":"Few limitations on employment in Australia . Some job opportunities , largely federal governmental work , require citizenship as opposed to permanent residence . The right to apply for Australian citizenship after fulfilling some criteria . For permanent residents accepted under the humanitarian program and enrolled in a Commonwealth supported place , the right to defer payment of their student contribution under the HECS - HELP scheme . The right to sponsor relatives for permanent residence , subject to fulfilling residence criteria and assurance of support requirements . Children born inside Australia will be Australian citizens by birth . The right to access medical and social security benefits , though there is a 2 - year waiting period for some benefits . The right to travel to New Zealand without applying for a New Zealand visa . ( This right is granted by the New Zealand government . ) Unrestricted rights to live , work and study in New Zealand . ( This right is granted by the New Zealand government . )","sentences":["Few limitations on employment in Australia .","Some job opportunities , largely federal governmental work , require citizenship as opposed to permanent residence .","The right to apply for Australian citizenship after fulfilling some criteria .","For permanent residents accepted under the humanitarian program and enrolled in a Commonwealth supported place , the right to defer payment of their student contribution under the HECS - HELP scheme .","The right to sponsor relatives for permanent residence , subject to fulfilling residence criteria and assurance of support requirements .","Children born inside Australia will be Australian citizens by birth .","The right to access medical and social security benefits , though there is a 2 - year waiting period for some benefits .","The right to travel to New Zealand without applying for a New Zealand visa .","( This right is granted by the New Zealand government . )","Unrestricted rights to live , work and study in New Zealand .","( This right is granted by the New Zealand government . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7421810543876885563","input":"the operon model of the regulation of gene","passages":[{"title":"Operon","text":"Polycistronic operon Regulatory sequence Regulatory sequence Enhancer Enhancer \/ silencer \/ silencer Operator Promoter 5'UTR ORF ORF UTR 3'UTR Start Start Stop Stop Terminator Transcription DNA RBS RBS Protein coding region Protein coding region mRNA Translation Protein The structure of a prokaryotic operon of protein - coding genes . Regulatory sequence controls when expression occurs for the multiple protein coding regions ( red ) . Promoter , operator and enhancer regions ( yellow ) regulate the transcription of the gene into an mRNA . The mRNA untranslated regions ( blue ) regulate translation into the final protein products .","sentences":["Polycistronic operon Regulatory sequence Regulatory sequence Enhancer Enhancer \/ silencer \/ silencer Operator Promoter 5'UTR","ORF","ORF UTR 3'UTR Start Start Stop Stop","Terminator Transcription DNA RBS RBS Protein coding region Protein coding region mRNA Translation Protein","The structure of a prokaryotic operon of protein - coding genes .","Regulatory sequence controls when expression occurs for the multiple protein coding regions ( red ) .","Promoter , operator and enhancer regions ( yellow ) regulate the transcription of the gene into an mRNA .","The mRNA untranslated regions ( blue ) regulate translation into the final protein products ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3929491567322089766","input":"what religions were brought to africa through missionaries","passages":[{"title":"Christianity in Africa","text":"At the beginning of the 3rd century the church in Alexandria expanded rapidly , with five new suffragan bishoprics . At this time , the Bishop of Alexandria began to be called Pope , as the senior bishop in Egypt . In the middle of the 3rd century the church in Egypt suffered severely in the persecution under the Emperor Decius . Many Christians fled from the towns into the desert . When the persecution died down , however , some remained in the desert as hermits to pray . This was the beginning of Christian monasticism , which over the following years spread from Africa to other parts of the Gohar , and Europe through France and Ireland .","sentences":["At the beginning of the 3rd century the church in Alexandria expanded rapidly , with five new suffragan bishoprics .","At this time , the Bishop of Alexandria began to be called Pope , as the senior bishop in Egypt .","In the middle of the 3rd century the church in Egypt suffered severely in the persecution under the Emperor Decius .","Many Christians fled from the towns into the desert .","When the persecution died down , however , some remained in the desert as hermits to pray .","This was the beginning of Christian monasticism , which over the following years spread from Africa to other parts of the Gohar , and Europe through France and Ireland ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"439764714033103262","input":"when was the last time liverpool lost 5-0","passages":[{"title":"List of Liverpool F.C. records and statistics","text":"9 Chambers , Harry Harry Chambers 1915 -- 1928 135 ! 135 ( 315 ) 16 ! 16 ( 28 ) 00 ! 0 ( 0 ) 00 ! 0 ( 1 ) 151 ! 151 ( 339 )","sentences":["9 Chambers , Harry Harry Chambers 1915 -- 1928 135 !","135 ( 315 ) 16 !","16 ( 28 ) 00 ! 0","( 0 ) 00 ! 0","( 1 ) 151 !","151 ( 339 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5623670605577739345","input":"in the context of web and network privacy and acceptable use policy is","passages":[{"title":"Internet privacy","text":"Evercookies , created by Samy Kamkar , are JavaScript - based applications which produce cookies in a web browser that actively `` resist '' deletion by redundantly copying themselves in different forms on the user 's machine ( e.g. , Flash Local Shared Objects , various HTML5 storage mechanisms , window.name caching , etc . ) , and resurrecting copies that are missing or expired . Evercookie accomplishes this by storing the cookie data in several types of storage mechanisms that are available on the local browser . It has the ability to store cookies in over ten types of storage mechanisms so that once they are on one 's computer they will never be gone . Additionally , if evercookie has found the user has removed any of the types of cookies in question , it recreates them using each mechanism available . Evercookies are one type of zombie cookie . However , modern browsers and anti-malware software can now block or detect and remove such cookies . Anti-fraud","sentences":["Evercookies , created by Samy Kamkar , are JavaScript - based applications which produce cookies in a web browser that actively `` resist '' deletion by redundantly copying themselves in different forms on the user 's machine ( e.g. , Flash Local Shared Objects , various HTML5 storage mechanisms , window.name caching , etc . ) , and resurrecting copies that are missing or expired .","Evercookie accomplishes this by storing the cookie data in several types of storage mechanisms that are available on the local browser .","It has the ability to store cookies in over ten types of storage mechanisms so that once they are on one 's computer they will never be gone .","Additionally , if evercookie has found the user has removed any of the types of cookies in question , it recreates them using each mechanism available .","Evercookies are one type of zombie cookie .","However , modern browsers and anti-malware software can now block or detect and remove such cookies .","Anti-fraud"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4632595764285050357","input":"where was lord of the rings two towers filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers","text":"The film explores the armies of Middle - earth . John Howe was the basic designer of the forces of evil . The Uruk - hai were the first army approved by Jackson , and Howe also designed a special crossbow for the characters , one without the redundancy of opening to reload , the realization of a 15th - century manuscript . Also created were 100 Elven suits of armour , with emphasis on Autumnal colours due to the theme of Elves leaving Middle - earth . 250 suits were made for the Rohirrim . The Rohan designs were based on Germanic and Anglo - Saxon patterns . Most of the weapons were designed by John Howe , and forged by Peter Lyon . Each sword took 3 -- 6 days to make .","sentences":["The film explores the armies of Middle - earth .","John Howe was the basic designer of the forces of evil .","The Uruk - hai were the first army approved by Jackson , and Howe also designed a special crossbow for the characters , one without the redundancy of opening to reload , the realization of a 15th - century manuscript .","Also created were 100 Elven suits of armour , with emphasis on Autumnal colours due to the theme of Elves leaving Middle - earth .","250 suits were made for the Rohirrim .","The Rohan designs were based on Germanic and Anglo - Saxon patterns .","Most of the weapons were designed by John Howe , and forged by Peter Lyon .","Each sword took 3 -- 6 days to make ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8973287182957611389","input":"what episode do gabby and josh get together","passages":[{"title":"List of Young & Hungry episodes","text":"Josh 's younger brother Jake ( Jayson Blair ) , who has had trouble keeping a career goal in the past , decides he wants be a chef . Josh asks that Gabi let Jake learn from her , despite the fact that Gabi is tasked with the responsibility of making the appetizers for Alan and Elliot 's wedding . Gabi and Jake soon fall for each other , with Josh once again questioning his romantic feelings for Gabi . Elliot becomes annoyed at Alan deciding every aspect of the wedding . Yolanda loses Elliot 's wedding ring . Jake forgoes Josh 's insistence on going to a prestigious culinary arts school and spends the money instead on a food truck for himself and Gabi , much to Josh 's chagrin .","sentences":["Josh 's younger brother Jake ( Jayson Blair ) , who has had trouble keeping a career goal in the past , decides he wants be a chef .","Josh asks that Gabi let Jake learn from her , despite the fact that Gabi is tasked with the responsibility of making the appetizers for Alan and Elliot 's wedding .","Gabi and Jake soon fall for each other , with Josh once again questioning his romantic feelings for Gabi .","Elliot becomes annoyed at Alan deciding every aspect of the wedding .","Yolanda loses Elliot 's wedding ring .","Jake forgoes Josh 's insistence on going to a prestigious culinary arts school and spends the money instead on a food truck for himself and Gabi , much to Josh 's chagrin ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"908650576334163851","input":"when was the first tennis club founded in the uk","passages":[{"title":"History of tennis","text":"Name change 1881 : U.S. National Championship 1968 : U.S. Open Surface change 1881 : Grass 1975 : Clay Har - Tru 1978 : Hard DecoTurf Venue change ( men 's championship ) 1881 : Newport 1915 : Forest Hills 1921 : Germantown 1924 : Forest Hills 1978 : Flushing Meadows","sentences":["Name change 1881 :","U.S. National Championship 1968 :","U.S. Open Surface change 1881 :","Grass 1975 :","Clay Har - Tru 1978 :","Hard DecoTurf Venue change ( men 's championship ) 1881 :","Newport 1915 :","Forest Hills 1921 : Germantown 1924 :","Forest Hills 1978 : Flushing Meadows"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4901058095342684443","input":"when does episode 11 of ball in the family come out","passages":[{"title":"List of Dragon Ball Super episodes","text":"Goku begins acting strangely . He admits to Gohan and Goten that he thinks someone wants to kill him . Meanwhile , in Universe Six , Hit carries out an assassination mission by killing a crime boss . His next target is revealed to be Goku . Goku senses Hit coming and flies to a remote area so that their fight would not put anyone else in danger . Hit arrives to kill Goku . Goku charges at Hit , but he can not hit him . Hit seemingly kills Goku with a single blow to the chest and disappears just before Piccolo , Gohan , and Goten arrive and find Goku 's body .","sentences":["Goku begins acting strangely .","He admits to Gohan and Goten that he thinks someone wants to kill him .","Meanwhile , in Universe Six , Hit carries out an assassination mission by killing a crime boss .","His next target is revealed to be Goku .","Goku senses Hit coming and flies to a remote area so that their fight would not put anyone else in danger .","Hit arrives to kill Goku .","Goku charges at Hit , but he can not hit him .","Hit seemingly kills Goku with a single blow to the chest and disappears just before Piccolo , Gohan , and Goten arrive and find Goku 's body ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8222860956981434209","input":"where is seperation of powers in the constitution","passages":[{"title":"Separation of powers under the United States Constitution","text":"Legislative Writes and enacts laws Enacts taxes , authorizes borrowing , and sets the budget Has sole power to declare war May start investigations , especially against the executive branch The Senate considers presidential appointments of judges and executive department heads The Senate ratifies treaties The House of Representatives may impeach , and the Senate may remove , executive and judicial officers Creates federal courts except for the Supreme Court , and sets the number of justices on the Supreme Court May override presidential vetoes Executive May veto laws Vice president presides over the Senate Wages war at the direction of Congress ( Congress makes the rules for the military ) Makes decrees or declarations ( for example , declaring a state of emergency ) and promulgates lawful regulations and executive orders Influences other branches of its agenda with the State of the Union address . Appoints judges and executive department heads Has power to grant pardons to convicted persons , except in cases of impeachment Executes and enforces orders of the court through federal law enforcement . Judicial Determines which laws Congress intended to apply to any given case Determines whether a law is unconstitutional . ( The power of judicial review is not expressly granted in the Constitution , but was held by the judiciary to be implicit in the constitutional structure in Marbury v. Madison ( 1803 ) . ) Determines how Congress meant the law to apply to disputes Determines how a law acts to determine the disposition of prisoners Determines how a law acts to compel testimony and the production of evidence Determines how laws should be interpreted to assure uniform policies in a top - down fashion via the appeals process , but gives discretion in individual cases to low - level judges . ( The amount of discretion depends upon the standard of review , determined by the type of case in question . ) Polices its own members","sentences":["Legislative Writes and enacts laws Enacts taxes , authorizes borrowing , and sets the budget Has sole power to declare war May start investigations , especially against the executive branch The Senate considers presidential appointments of judges and executive department heads The Senate ratifies treaties The House of Representatives may impeach , and the Senate may remove , executive and judicial officers Creates federal courts except for the Supreme Court , and sets the number of justices on the Supreme Court May override presidential vetoes Executive May veto laws Vice president presides over the Senate Wages war at the direction of Congress ( Congress makes the rules for the military ) Makes decrees or declarations ( for example , declaring a state of emergency ) and promulgates lawful regulations and executive orders Influences other branches of its agenda with the State of the Union address .","Appoints judges and executive department heads Has power to grant pardons to convicted persons , except in cases of impeachment Executes and enforces orders of the court through federal law enforcement .","Judicial Determines which laws Congress intended to apply to any given case Determines whether a law is unconstitutional .","( The power of judicial review is not expressly granted in the Constitution , but was held by the judiciary to be implicit in the constitutional structure in Marbury v. Madison ( 1803 ) . )","Determines how Congress meant the law to apply to disputes Determines how a law acts to determine the disposition of prisoners Determines how a law acts to compel testimony and the production of evidence Determines how laws should be interpreted to assure uniform policies in a top - down fashion via the appeals process , but gives discretion in individual cases to low - level judges .","( The amount of discretion depends upon the standard of review , determined by the type of case in question . )","Polices its own members"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2072071129512963929","input":"who won a gold medal in the recent commonwealth games","passages":[{"title":"2018 Commonwealth Games","text":"( show ) CGF Code Country Athletes AUS Australia 469 ENG England 390 CAN Canada 282 NZL New Zealand 251 SCO Scotland 226 IND India 216 WAL Wales 213 RSA South Africa 194 MAS Malaysia 177 KEN Kenya 136 JAM Jamaica 106 FIJ Fiji 96 NIR Northern Ireland 90 NGR Nigeria 88 SRI Sri Lanka 79 GHA Ghana 71 UGA Uganda 69 SIN Singapore 59 PAK Pakistan 56 PNG Papua New Guinea MRI Mauritius 54 TTO Trinidad and Tobago 51 CYP Cyprus 46 BAR Barbados 45 CMR Cameroon 40 SAM Samoa 38 ZAM Zambia 36 JEY Jersey 33 BAH Bahamas 31 GGY Guernsey IOM Isle of Man NAM Namibia 28 BOT Botswana 26 MOZ Mozambique SEY Seychelles 25 MLT Malta 24 SLE Sierra Leone BAN Bangladesh 23 GUY Guyana GIB Gibraltar 22 CAY Cayman Islands 21 LES Lesotho 20 SVG Saint Vincent and the Grenadines MAW Malawi 19 NIU Niue COK Cook Islands 18 NFI Norfolk Island VAN Vanuatu ANT Antigua and Barbuda 17 RWA Rwanda NRU Nauru 16 FAI Falkland Islands 15 TAN Tanzania GRN Grenada 14 KIR Kiribati SOL Solomon Islands DMA Dominica 13 LCA Saint Lucia TGA Tonga AIA Anguilla 12 BIZ Belize IVB British Virgin Islands 10 SWZ Swaziland SHN Saint Helena 9 BER Bermuda 8 BRU Brunei MNT Montserrat 7 SKN Saint Kitts and Nevis TCA Turks and Caicos Islands TUV Tuvalu GAM The Gambia 6","sentences":["( show )","CGF Code Country Athletes AUS Australia 469 ENG England 390 CAN Canada 282 NZL New Zealand 251","SCO Scotland 226 IND India 216 WAL Wales 213 RSA South Africa 194","MAS Malaysia 177 KEN Kenya 136 JAM Jamaica 106 FIJ Fiji 96 NIR Northern Ireland 90 NGR Nigeria 88 SRI Sri Lanka 79 GHA Ghana 71 UGA Uganda 69 SIN Singapore 59 PAK Pakistan 56 PNG Papua New Guinea MRI Mauritius 54 TTO Trinidad and Tobago 51 CYP Cyprus 46 BAR Barbados 45 CMR Cameroon 40 SAM Samoa 38 ZAM Zambia 36 JEY Jersey 33 BAH Bahamas 31","GGY Guernsey IOM Isle of Man NAM Namibia 28 BOT Botswana 26 MOZ Mozambique SEY Seychelles 25 MLT Malta 24 SLE Sierra Leone BAN Bangladesh 23 GUY Guyana GIB Gibraltar 22 CAY Cayman Islands 21 LES Lesotho 20 SVG Saint Vincent and the Grenadines MAW Malawi 19","NIU Niue COK Cook Islands 18 NFI Norfolk Island VAN Vanuatu ANT Antigua and Barbuda 17 RWA Rwanda NRU","Nauru 16 FAI Falkland Islands 15 TAN Tanzania GRN Grenada 14 KIR Kiribati SOL Solomon Islands DMA Dominica 13 LCA Saint Lucia TGA Tonga AIA Anguilla 12 BIZ Belize IVB British Virgin Islands 10 SWZ Swaziland SHN Saint Helena 9 BER Bermuda 8 BRU Brunei MNT Montserrat 7 SKN Saint Kitts and Nevis TCA Turks and Caicos Islands TUV Tuvalu GAM The Gambia 6"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7289859169261729431","input":"what are the rules for who wants to be a millionaire","passages":[{"title":"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?","text":"In 2007 , the German version modified the show 's format with the inclusion of a feature called `` Risk Mode '' . During the main game , contestants were given the option of choosing this feature , in which if they chose to use it , they gained the used of a fourth lifeline that allowed them to discuss a question with a member of the audience , in exchange for having no second safety net - if they got any question between the sixth and final cash prize amount wrong , they would leave with the guaranteed amount given for correctly answering five questions . This modified format was subsequently adopted for use in a variety of international versions abroad , including Austria , the Czech Republic , Hungary , the Philippines , Poland , Russia , Switzerland and Venezuela . In November 2008 , the Norwegian version modified the show format under the title of `` Hot Seat '' . In this variation of the game , six contestant took part , with each taking it in turns to answer questions and build up their prize fund . Utlising the time limit format introduced in the US version , this variation on the format granted a contestant the right to pass the question on to another player , who can not pass it on themselves , while eliminating both the option of walking away from a question , and the use of lifelines . If a contestant can not pass on or correctly answer a question , they are eliminated , and the highest cash value they made is removed . The game ends when all contestants are eliminated or the question for the highest cash value is answered - if a contestant who answers the final question gives a correct answer , they win that prize ; otherwise , the last contestant to be eliminated receives a small prize if they reach the fifth question safety net . This format was later introduced to various markets over the course of a four year - period from 2009 to 2012 , including Italy , Hungary , Spain , Vietnam , Indonesia , Australia , and Chile . In 2017 , Australia 's version was modified to use the Norwegian 's Hot Seat format . As part of this modification , the game Incorporated the use of the Fastest Finger First round , with the winner able to select a lifeline , out of three that the show provided .","sentences":["In 2007 , the German version modified the show 's format with the inclusion of a feature called `` Risk Mode '' .","During the main game , contestants were given the option of choosing this feature , in which if they chose to use it , they gained the used of a fourth lifeline that allowed them to discuss a question with a member of the audience , in exchange for having no second safety net - if they got any question between the sixth and final cash prize amount wrong , they would leave with the guaranteed amount given for correctly answering five questions .","This modified format was subsequently adopted for use in a variety of international versions abroad , including Austria , the Czech Republic , Hungary , the Philippines , Poland , Russia , Switzerland and Venezuela .","In November 2008 , the Norwegian version modified the show format under the title of `` Hot Seat '' .","In this variation of the game , six contestant took part , with each taking it in turns to answer questions and build up their prize fund .","Utlising the time limit format introduced in the US version , this variation on the format granted a contestant the right to pass the question on to another player , who can not pass it on themselves , while eliminating both the option of walking away from a question , and the use of lifelines .","If a contestant can not pass on or correctly answer a question , they are eliminated , and the highest cash value they made is removed .","The game ends when all contestants are eliminated or the question for the highest cash value is answered - if a contestant who answers the final question gives a correct answer , they win that prize ; otherwise , the last contestant to be eliminated receives a small prize if they reach the fifth question safety net .","This format was later introduced to various markets over the course of a four year - period from 2009 to 2012 , including Italy , Hungary , Spain , Vietnam , Indonesia , Australia , and Chile .","In 2017 , Australia 's version was modified to use the Norwegian 's Hot Seat format .","As part of this modification , the game Incorporated the use of the Fastest Finger First round , with the winner able to select a lifeline , out of three that the show provided ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4954958561137272030","input":"what is a mother flush in texas holdem","passages":[{"title":"List of poker hands","text":"A straight flush is a poker hand containing five cards of sequential rank , all of the same suit , such as Q \u2665 J \u2665 10 \u2665 9 \u2665 8 \u2665 ( a `` queen - high straight flush '' ) . It ranks below five of a kind and above four of a kind . As part of a straight flush , an ace can rank either above a king or below a two , depending on the rules of the game . Under high rules , an ace can rank either high ( e.g. A \u2665 K \u2665 Q \u2665 J \u2665 10 \u2665 is an ace - high straight flush ) or low ( e.g. 5 4 3 2 A is a five - high straight flush ) , but can not rank both high and low in the same hand ( e.g. Q \u2663 K \u2663 A \u2663 2 \u2663 3 \u2663 is an ace - high flush , not a straight flush ) . Under deuce - to - seven low rules , aces can only rank high , so a hand such as 5 \u2660 4 \u2660 3 \u2660 2 \u2660 A \u2660 is actually an ace - high flush . Under ace - to - six low rules , aces can only rank low , so a hand such as A \u2665 K \u2665 Q \u2665 J \u2665 10 \u2665 is actually a king - high flush . Under ace - to - five low rules , straight flushes are not recognized , and a hand that would be categorized as a straight flush is instead a high card hand .","sentences":["A straight flush is a poker hand containing five cards of sequential rank , all of the same suit , such as Q \u2665 J \u2665 10 \u2665 9 \u2665 8 \u2665 ( a `` queen - high straight flush '' ) .","It ranks below five of a kind and above four of a kind .","As part of a straight flush , an ace can rank either above a king or below a two , depending on the rules of the game .","Under high rules , an ace can rank either high ( e.g. A \u2665 K \u2665 Q \u2665 J \u2665 10 \u2665 is an ace - high straight flush ) or low (","e.g. 5 4 3 2","A is a five - high straight flush ) , but can not rank both high and low in the same hand ( e.g. Q \u2663 K \u2663","A \u2663 2 \u2663 3 \u2663 is an ace - high flush , not a straight flush ) .","Under deuce - to - seven low rules , aces can only rank high , so a hand such as 5 \u2660 4 \u2660 3 \u2660 2 \u2660 A \u2660 is actually an ace - high flush .","Under ace - to - six low rules , aces can only rank low , so a hand such as A \u2665 K \u2665 Q \u2665 J \u2665 10 \u2665 is actually a king - high flush .","Under ace - to - five low rules , straight flushes are not recognized , and a hand that would be categorized as a straight flush is instead a high card hand ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3947956817307740895","input":"how to call landline number from mobile in india","passages":[{"title":"Telephone numbers in India","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( May 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article possibly contains original research .","Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .","Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .","( May 2018 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( May 2018 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3706279317092604630","input":"what characters are titans in attack on titan","passages":[{"title":"List of Attack on Titan characters","text":"Sonny and Bean ( \u30bd\u30cb\u30fc \u3068 \u30d3\u30fc\u30f3 , Son\u012b to B\u012bn , alt . `` Sawney and Beane '' ) A 4 - meter ( 13 ft ) Titan and a 7 - meter ( 23 ft ) tall Titan captured by Eren for Hange 's studies . With them , Hange discovers that Titans require sunlight to operate , as Sonny becomes lethargic without sunlight , but Bean is still active . In the anime , Hange says they were named after Sawney Bean , the leader of a clan of cannibals who hunted and ate their victims before the authorities led by King James found their secret cave and exterminated them . Both are killed by Annie Leonhart . In the English dub , they are referred to as Sawney and Beane , and are voiced by Jonathan C. Osborne and Cris George respectively .","sentences":["Sonny and Bean ( \u30bd\u30cb\u30fc \u3068 \u30d3\u30fc\u30f3 , Son\u012b to B\u012bn , alt .","`` Sawney and Beane '' )","A 4 - meter ( 13 ft ) Titan and a 7 - meter ( 23 ft ) tall Titan captured by Eren for Hange 's studies .","With them , Hange discovers that Titans require sunlight to operate , as Sonny becomes lethargic without sunlight , but Bean is still active .","In the anime , Hange says they were named after Sawney Bean , the leader of a clan of cannibals who hunted and ate their victims before the authorities led by King James found their secret cave and exterminated them .","Both are killed by Annie Leonhart .","In the English dub , they are referred to as Sawney and Beane , and are voiced by Jonathan C. Osborne and Cris George respectively ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5324354174654794730","input":"what is the us foreign policy during the cold war","passages":[{"title":"History of United States foreign policy","text":"Since the turmoil of the Mexican revolution had died down , the Harding administration was prepared to normalize relations with Mexico . Between 1911 and 1920 American imports from Mexico increased from $57,000,000 to $179,000,000 and exports from $61,000,000 to $208,000,000 . Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover took the lead in order to promote trade and investments other than in oil and land , which had long dominated bilateral economic ties . President \u00c1lvaro Obreg\u00f3n assured Americans that they would be protected in Mexico , and Mexico was granted recognition in 1923 . A major crisis erupted in the mid-1930s when the Mexican government expropriated millions of acres of land from hundreds of American property owners as part of President L\u00e1zaro C\u00e1rdenas 's land redistribution program . No compensation was provided to the American owners . The emerging threat of the Second World War forced the United States to agree to a compromise solution . The US negotiated an agreement with President Manuel Avila Camacho that amounted to a military alliance .","sentences":["Since the turmoil of the Mexican revolution had died down , the Harding administration was prepared to normalize relations with Mexico .","Between 1911 and 1920 American imports from Mexico increased from $57,000,000 to $179,000,000 and exports from $61,000,000 to $208,000,000 .","Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover took the lead in order to promote trade and investments other than in oil and land , which had long dominated bilateral economic ties .","President \u00c1lvaro Obreg\u00f3n assured Americans that they would be protected in Mexico , and Mexico was granted recognition in 1923 .","A major crisis erupted in the mid-1930s when the Mexican government expropriated millions of acres of land from hundreds of American property owners as part of President L\u00e1zaro C\u00e1rdenas 's land redistribution program .","No compensation was provided to the American owners .","The emerging threat of the Second World War forced the United States to agree to a compromise solution .","The US negotiated an agreement with President Manuel Avila Camacho that amounted to a military alliance ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7151494777675606094","input":"when did honey rise up and dance come out","passages":[{"title":"History of hip-hop dance","text":"In the 1970s , b - boy crews were neighborhood - based and would engage in battles held at local block parties called `` jams '' . Today crews can battle in organized competitions with other crews from around the world . New Zealand crew ReQuest won the Australian - based competition World Supremacy Battlegrounds in 2009 and the American - based competition Hip Hop International in 2009 and 2010 . On October 12 , 2010 , the Vietnamese Ministry of Culture , Sport , and Tourism presented the Certificate of Merit to dance crew Big Toe for winning a variety of international dance competitions . Dance crews are more prevalent in hip - hop , but hip - hop dance companies do exist . Examples include Zoo Nation ( UK ) , Culture Shock ( USA ) , Lux Aeterna ( USA ) , Boy Blue Entertainment ( UK ) , Unity UK ( UK ) , Bounce Streetdance Company ( Sweden ) , and Funkbrella Dance Company ( USA ) .","sentences":["In the 1970s , b - boy crews were neighborhood - based and would engage in battles held at local block parties called `` jams '' .","Today crews can battle in organized competitions with other crews from around the world .","New Zealand crew ReQuest won the Australian - based competition World Supremacy Battlegrounds in 2009 and the American - based competition Hip Hop International in 2009 and 2010 .","On October 12 , 2010 , the Vietnamese Ministry of Culture , Sport , and Tourism presented the Certificate of Merit to dance crew Big Toe for winning a variety of international dance competitions .","Dance crews are more prevalent in hip - hop , but hip - hop dance companies do exist .","Examples include Zoo Nation ( UK ) , Culture Shock ( USA ) , Lux Aeterna ( USA ) , Boy Blue Entertainment ( UK ) , Unity UK ( UK ) , Bounce Streetdance Company ( Sweden ) , and Funkbrella Dance Company ( USA ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4860393604628394561","input":"who did prince charming awaken with a kiss","passages":[{"title":"Prince Charming","text":"The Broadway musical Into the Woods ( first produced in 1986 ) explores the character as polygamous , and where there are not one , but two Prince Charmings . Here , they are shown as brothers pursuing Cinderella and Rapunzel , then later , Sleeping Beauty and Snow White , after they have married their first loves . Cinderella 's Prince has an affair with the baker 's wife as well , and when confronted about his womanizing , states `` I was raised to be charming , not sincere . '' In the 2014 Disney film adaptation of Into the Woods , Prince Charming is portrayed by Chris Pine . As implied by the title , the 1991 fantasy novel Bring Me the Head of Prince Charming by Roger Zelazny and Robert Sheckley includes sharp satire of the traditional fairy tale theme . Prince Charming is a prominent character in the Fables comic book ( 2002 -- 2015 ) . Polygamy is explored again : in that version , he successively married Snow White , Sleeping Beauty and Cinderella with each marriage ending in divorce due to his compulsive womanizing . He himself comments : `` I always truly love a woman when I first pursue her ... I 'm just no good at the happily - ever - after part . '' He parlays his charm into election as the mayor of Fabletown , the underground `` Fable '' community , and finds the job more difficult than he had anticipated . He Died in the Battle for the Homelands by activating a Bomb to End the War . The character of Prince Charming is deconstructed in the 2004 movie Shrek 2 and its 2007 follow - up Shrek the Third , wherein he is the son of the Fairy Godmother and has an unpleasant and ruthless personality unfitting for a fairy - tale prince . In the fantasy novel series The Sisters Grimm ( 2005 -- 2012 ) , Prince Charming is the mayor of Ferryport Landing , a town inhabited by fairy - tale characters - or everafters . He is shown to be rude , arrogant and boastful , but turns out to be a valuable ally to the protagonists of the series . He is shown to have married and slept with many of the girls in this town , among them Cinderella , Snow White and Sleeping Beauty . But he clarifies that he truly loves Snow White and proposes to her . He then separates himself from her for her protection . The concept of the Prince Charming is parodied in the 2007 film Enchanted when Edward is looking for Princess Giselle in the New York City . While knocking the doors he finds a pregnant housewife holding three kids , who tells him , in a scoffing voice , `` You 're too late . '' In the television series Once Upon a Time ( 2011 -- ) , Prince Charming is David ( portrayed by Josh Dallas ) , the husband of Snow White , though neither of them remembers this in Storybrooke , where the character 's name is David Nolan ( `` Charming '' is the nickname given to him by Snow White ) In his previous life , David is actually the brother of the real prince James ( also portrayed by Josh Dallas ) who died and was replaced with his twin . Both brothers were born to a poor farm couple who made a deal with Rumpelstiltskin to save their farm ; they gave up one son to King George , whose wife could not conceive . After James 's death his brother found out the truth and took his place , becoming engaged to Abigail , daughter of King Midas ( reluctantly , after his family is threatened by the real prince 's adoptive father ) in a deal that unites two kingdoms with Midas giving the King George gold in exchange for the prince defeating a dragon . Later , the prince meets and marries Snow White with whom he has a daughter named Emma and finds out he has a grandson named Henry . In Storybrooke , David is a John Doe with amnesia who meets and falls for Mary Margaret , who is really Snow White , before recovering his memory and working at the Storybrooke Sheriff Department . He later has another child with Snow White named Neal . A Charming Affair ( ca 2011 -- 2013 ) by Robert Scott ( 1984 ) is an 8 - minute sketch published by Lazy Bee Scripts portraying Prince Charming as a bigamist . When Snow White , Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty learn the truth , they plan to assassinate him with a poisoned apple . The sketch was performed in 2014 in Short and Sweet Theatre Festival by the American Theatre of Dubai , and the script became the Judges Award Winner . In the book series The Land of Stories ( 2012 ) by Chris Colfer , there are four Prince Charmings , who are brothers . Three of them are married with Snow White , Cinderella , and Sleeping Beauty , the other is lost .","sentences":["The Broadway musical Into the Woods ( first produced in 1986 ) explores the character as polygamous , and where there are not one , but two Prince Charmings .","Here , they are shown as brothers pursuing Cinderella and Rapunzel , then later , Sleeping Beauty and Snow White , after they have married their first loves .","Cinderella 's Prince has an affair with the baker 's wife as well , and when confronted about his womanizing , states `` I was raised to be charming , not sincere . ''","In the 2014 Disney film adaptation of Into the Woods , Prince Charming is portrayed by Chris Pine .","As implied by the title , the 1991 fantasy novel Bring Me the Head of Prince Charming by Roger Zelazny and Robert Sheckley includes sharp satire of the traditional fairy tale theme .","Prince Charming is a prominent character in the Fables comic book ( 2002 -- 2015 ) .","Polygamy is explored again : in that version , he successively married Snow White , Sleeping Beauty and Cinderella with each marriage ending in divorce due to his compulsive womanizing .","He himself comments : `` I always truly love a woman when I first pursue her ...","I 'm just no good at the happily - ever - after part . ''","He parlays his charm into election as the mayor of Fabletown , the underground `` Fable '' community , and finds the job more difficult than he had anticipated .","He Died in the Battle for the Homelands by activating a Bomb to End the War .","The character of Prince Charming is deconstructed in the 2004 movie Shrek 2 and its 2007 follow - up Shrek the Third , wherein he is the son of the Fairy Godmother and has an unpleasant and ruthless personality unfitting for a fairy - tale prince .","In the fantasy novel series The Sisters Grimm ( 2005 -- 2012 ) , Prince Charming is the mayor of Ferryport Landing , a town inhabited by fairy - tale characters - or everafters .","He is shown to be rude , arrogant and boastful , but turns out to be a valuable ally to the protagonists of the series .","He is shown to have married and slept with many of the girls in this town , among them Cinderella , Snow White and Sleeping Beauty .","But he clarifies that he truly loves Snow White and proposes to her .","He then separates himself from her for her protection .","The concept of the Prince Charming is parodied in the 2007 film Enchanted when Edward is looking for Princess Giselle in the New York City .","While knocking the doors he finds a pregnant housewife holding three kids , who tells him , in a scoffing voice , `` You 're too late . ''","In the television series Once Upon a Time ( 2011 -- ) , Prince Charming is David ( portrayed by Josh Dallas ) , the husband of Snow White , though neither of them remembers this in Storybrooke , where the character 's name is David Nolan ( `` Charming '' is the nickname given to him by Snow White )","In his previous life , David is actually the brother of the real prince James ( also portrayed by Josh Dallas ) who died and was replaced with his twin .","Both brothers were born to a poor farm couple who made a deal with Rumpelstiltskin to save their farm ; they gave up one son to King George , whose wife could not conceive .","After James 's death his brother found out the truth and took his place , becoming engaged to Abigail , daughter of King Midas ( reluctantly , after his family is threatened by the real prince 's adoptive father ) in a deal that unites two kingdoms with Midas giving the King George gold in exchange for the prince defeating a dragon .","Later , the prince meets and marries Snow White with whom he has a daughter named Emma and finds out he has a grandson named Henry .","In Storybrooke , David is a John Doe with amnesia who meets and falls for Mary Margaret , who is really Snow White , before recovering his memory and working at the Storybrooke Sheriff Department .","He later has another child with Snow White named Neal .","A Charming Affair ( ca 2011 -- 2013 ) by Robert Scott ( 1984 ) is an 8 - minute sketch published by Lazy Bee Scripts portraying Prince Charming as a bigamist .","When Snow White , Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty learn the truth , they plan to assassinate him with a poisoned apple .","The sketch was performed in 2014 in Short and Sweet Theatre Festival by the American Theatre of Dubai , and the script became the Judges Award Winner .","In the book series The Land of Stories ( 2012 ) by Chris Colfer , there are four Prince Charmings , who are brothers .","Three of them are married with Snow White , Cinderella , and Sleeping Beauty , the other is lost ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2252072787054084474","input":"where is nickel found and in what form","passages":[{"title":"Nickel","text":"Nickel is one of four elements ( the others are iron , cobalt , and gadolinium ) that are ferromagnetic at approximately room temperature . Alnico permanent magnets based partly on nickel are of intermediate strength between iron - based permanent magnets and rare - earth magnets . The metal is valuable in modern times chiefly in alloys ; about 68 % of world production is used in stainless steel . A further 10 % is used for nickel - based and copper - based alloys , 7 % for alloy steels , 3 % in foundries , 9 % in plating and 4 % in other applications , including the fast - growing battery sector . As a compound , nickel has a number of niche chemical manufacturing uses , such as a catalyst for hydrogenation , cathodes for batteries , pigments and metal surface treatments . Nickel is an essential nutrient for some microorganisms and plants that have enzymes with nickel as an active site .","sentences":["Nickel is one of four elements ( the others are iron , cobalt , and gadolinium ) that are ferromagnetic at approximately room temperature .","Alnico permanent magnets based partly on nickel are of intermediate strength between iron - based permanent magnets and rare - earth magnets .","The metal is valuable in modern times chiefly in alloys ; about 68 % of world production is used in stainless steel .","A further 10 % is used for nickel - based and copper - based alloys , 7 % for alloy steels , 3 % in foundries , 9 % in plating and 4 % in other applications , including the fast - growing battery sector .","As a compound , nickel has a number of niche chemical manufacturing uses , such as a catalyst for hydrogenation , cathodes for batteries , pigments and metal surface treatments .","Nickel is an essential nutrient for some microorganisms and plants that have enzymes with nickel as an active site ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8207978731180505784","input":"where did the saying great scott come from","passages":[{"title":"Great Scott","text":"The phrase has the ring of being somewhat `` dated , '' suggestive of the nineteenth century or generally an old - fashioned minced oath . Twentieth - century publications frequently use it to suggest such a context , as , for example , in the Rathbone -- Bruce Sherlock Holmes films ( said by Dr. Watson ) , Silver Age comics ( especially Superman ) , the television series Dennis the Menace ( said by Mr. Wilson ) , The Rocky Horror Picture Show , The Lion , the Witch , and the Wardrobe ( end of chapter six ) , and the Back to the Future films ( Dr. Emmett Brown ) . It was also said in A Christmas Story as Ralphie is in line to see Santa Claus , and in the episode `` When The Rat 's Away , The Mice Will Play '' from the Batman TV show , said by Adam West ( Batman ) . Scrooge McDuck uses it in DuckTales Remastered . It is also used in `` The Laughing Fish '' , an episode of Batman : The Animated Series , by a one - time character voiced by George Dzundza when The Joker enters his office . The Joker , voiced by Mark Hamill , quips , `` Actually I 'm Irish . ''","sentences":["The phrase has the ring of being somewhat `` dated , '' suggestive of the nineteenth century or generally an old - fashioned minced oath .","Twentieth - century publications frequently use it to suggest such a context , as , for example , in the Rathbone -- Bruce Sherlock Holmes films ( said by Dr. Watson ) , Silver Age comics ( especially Superman ) , the television series Dennis the Menace ( said by Mr. Wilson ) , The Rocky Horror Picture Show , The Lion , the Witch , and the Wardrobe ( end of chapter six ) , and the Back to the Future films ( Dr. Emmett Brown ) .","It was also said in A Christmas Story as Ralphie is in line to see Santa Claus , and in the episode `` When The Rat 's Away , The Mice Will Play '' from the Batman TV show , said by Adam West ( Batman ) .","Scrooge McDuck uses it in DuckTales Remastered .","It is also used in `` The Laughing Fish '' , an episode of Batman : The Animated Series , by a one - time character voiced by George Dzundza when The Joker enters his office .","The Joker , voiced by Mark Hamill , quips , `` Actually I 'm Irish . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1329813459028896609","input":"difference between margin of safety and factor of safety","passages":[{"title":"Factor of safety","text":"Margin of Safety = Failure Load Design Load \u00d7 Design Safety Factor \u2212 1 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ text ( Margin of Safety ) ) = ( \\ frac ( \\ text ( Failure Load ) ) ( \\ text ( Design Load \u00d7 Design Safety Factor ) ) ) - 1 ) Margin of Safety = Realized Factor of Safety Design Safety Factor \u2212 1 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ text ( Margin of Safety ) ) = ( \\ frac ( \\ text ( Realized Factor of Safety ) ) ( \\ text ( Design Safety Factor ) ) ) - 1 )","sentences":["Margin of Safety = Failure Load Design Load \u00d7","Design Safety Factor \u2212 1 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ text ( Margin of Safety ) )","= ( \\ frac ( \\ text ( Failure Load ) )","( \\ text ( Design Load \u00d7 Design Safety Factor ) ) )","- 1 ) Margin of Safety = Realized Factor of Safety Design Safety Factor \u2212 1 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ text ( Margin of Safety ) )","= ( \\ frac ( \\ text ( Realized Factor of Safety ) )","( \\ text ( Design Safety Factor ) ) )","- 1 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7041255028177430043","input":"moment generating function for a continuous random variable","passages":[{"title":"Moment-generating function","text":"lim n \u2192 \u221e \u2211 i = 0 n t i m i i ! ( \\ displaystyle \\ lim _ ( n \\ rightarrow \\ infty ) \\ sum _ ( i = 0 ) ^ ( n ) ( \\ frac ( t ^ ( i ) m_ ( i ) ) ( i ! ) ) )","sentences":["lim n \u2192 \u221e \u2211 i = 0 n","t","i m i","i !","( \\ displaystyle \\ lim _","( n \\ rightarrow \\ infty )","\\ sum _","( i = 0 )","^ ( n ) ( \\ frac ( t ^","( i ) m_","( i ) )","( i ! ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1125869880928594601","input":"who plays sarah aunt in a place to call home","passages":[{"title":"A Place to Call Home (season 3)","text":"After George is shot , Sarah is forced to remove the bullet from his chest en route to the hospital . He is later operated on and awakens in his hospital room and whispers Sarah 's name , around Regina . Anna is shocked to learn that the baby that is being masqueraded as James and Olivia 's , is actually the baby of an unwed mother , and is later disappointed to learn that Gino is disgusted by James ' homosexuality . Ren\u00e9 is arrested for attempted murder , however , after Regina delivers Sarah an ultimatum that if George dies , she 'll make sure Ren\u00e9 hangs , he is released when Regina changes her story and says George stopped Ren\u00e9 committing suicide . Olivia hires a new maid Rose , who acts oddly suspicious around baby George . James quietly flirts with George 's doctor , Henry Fox , over a cigarette . After dealing with the shocking events of the past day , Sarah is shocked when she learns that she is pregnant with George 's baby .","sentences":["After George is shot , Sarah is forced to remove the bullet from his chest en route to the hospital .","He is later operated on and awakens in his hospital room and whispers Sarah 's name , around Regina .","Anna is shocked to learn that the baby that is being masqueraded as James and Olivia 's , is actually the baby of an unwed mother , and is later disappointed to learn that Gino is disgusted by James ' homosexuality .","Ren\u00e9 is arrested for attempted murder , however , after Regina delivers Sarah an ultimatum that if George dies , she 'll make sure Ren\u00e9 hangs , he is released when Regina changes her story and says George stopped Ren\u00e9 committing suicide .","Olivia hires a new maid Rose , who acts oddly suspicious around baby George .","James quietly flirts with George 's doctor , Henry Fox , over a cigarette .","After dealing with the shocking events of the past day , Sarah is shocked when she learns that she is pregnant with George 's baby ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3606855725010125260","input":"what is great vespers in the orthodox church","passages":[{"title":"Vespers","text":"Psalm 86 ; `` Glory to the Father ... Now and always ... Amen . '' ; `` Glory to you , O God , glory to you . For all things , Lord , glory to you . '' ; `` And again in peace ... '' ; `` Blessing and glory ... Now and always ... Amen . '' ; `` Peace to all . ''","sentences":["Psalm 86 ; `` Glory to the Father ...","Now and always ... Amen . '' ; `` Glory to you , O God , glory to you .","For all things , Lord , glory to you . ''","; `` And again in peace ... ''","; `` Blessing and glory ...","Now and always ... Amen . ''","; `` Peace to all . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4372028182845871855","input":"what are the four sources of aggregate demand","passages":[{"title":"Aggregate demand","text":"John Maynard Keynes in The General Theory of Employment , Interest and Money argued during the Great Depression that the loss of output by the private sector as a result of a systemic shock ( the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ) ought to be filled by government spending . First , he argued that with a lower ' effective aggregate demand ' , or the total amount of spending in the economy ( lowered in the Crash ) , the private sector could subsist on a permanently reduced level of activity and involuntary unemployment , unless there were active intervention . Business lost access to capital , so it had dismissed workers . This meant workers had less to spend as consumers , consumers bought less from business , which because of additionally reduced demand , had found the need to dismiss workers . The downward spiral could only be halted and rectified by external action . Second , people with higher incomes have a lower marginal propensity to consume their incomes . People with lower incomes are inclined to spend their earnings immediately to buy housing , food , transport and so forth , while people with much higher incomes can not consume everything . They save instead , which means that the velocity of money , meaning the circulation of income through different hands in the economy , is decreased . This lowered the rate of growth . Spending should therefore target public works programmes on a large enough scale to speed up growth to its previous levels .","sentences":["John Maynard Keynes in The General Theory of Employment , Interest and Money argued during the Great Depression that the loss of output by the private sector as a result of a systemic shock ( the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ) ought to be filled by government spending .","First , he argued that with a lower ' effective aggregate demand ' , or the total amount of spending in the economy ( lowered in the Crash ) , the private sector could subsist on a permanently reduced level of activity and involuntary unemployment , unless there were active intervention .","Business lost access to capital , so it had dismissed workers .","This meant workers had less to spend as consumers , consumers bought less from business , which because of additionally reduced demand , had found the need to dismiss workers .","The downward spiral could only be halted and rectified by external action .","Second , people with higher incomes have a lower marginal propensity to consume their incomes .","People with lower incomes are inclined to spend their earnings immediately to buy housing , food , transport and so forth , while people with much higher incomes can not consume everything .","They save instead , which means that the velocity of money , meaning the circulation of income through different hands in the economy , is decreased .","This lowered the rate of growth .","Spending should therefore target public works programmes on a large enough scale to speed up growth to its previous levels ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"932117752202143931","input":"who plays gordon's mother on girlfriends guide to divorce","passages":[{"title":"Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce","text":"Produced by Universal Cable Productions , it is the first original scripted series for Bravo . A 13 - episode first season was ordered by the network , which premiered on December 2 , 2014 . The show debuted to 1.04 million viewers . Critical reception for the series has initially been generally positive , with particular praise towards Edelstein 's performance and the series ' quality over the reality series on Bravo . The show was eventually renewed for a second season , which premiered on December 1 , 2015 . On April 13 , 2016 , it was announced that Bravo had renewed the show for a third , fourth and fifth season .","sentences":["Produced by Universal Cable Productions , it is the first original scripted series for Bravo .","A 13 - episode first season was ordered by the network , which premiered on December 2 , 2014 .","The show debuted to 1.04 million viewers .","Critical reception for the series has initially been generally positive , with particular praise towards Edelstein 's performance and the series ' quality over the reality series on Bravo .","The show was eventually renewed for a second season , which premiered on December 1 , 2015 .","On April 13 , 2016 , it was announced that Bravo had renewed the show for a third , fourth and fifth season ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5269145643760893663","input":"where did i go wrong how to save a life","passages":[{"title":"How to Save a Life","text":"Slade claims that the song is about all of the people that tried to reach out to the boy but were unsuccessful . As Slade says in an interview , the boy 's friends and family approached him by saying , `` Quit taking drugs and cutting yourself or I wo n't talk to you again , '' but all he needed was some support . The boy was losing friends and going through depression . He lost his best friend and could not deal with it . The verses of the song describe an attempt by an adult to confront a troubled teen . In the chorus , the singer laments that he himself was unable to save a friend because he did not know how .","sentences":["Slade claims that the song is about all of the people that tried to reach out to the boy but were unsuccessful .","As Slade says in an interview , the boy 's friends and family approached him by saying , `` Quit taking drugs and cutting yourself or I wo n't talk to you again , '' but all he needed was some support .","The boy was losing friends and going through depression .","He lost his best friend and could not deal with it .","The verses of the song describe an attempt by an adult to confront a troubled teen .","In the chorus , the singer laments that he himself was unable to save a friend because he did not know how ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8105340879070482402","input":"what is the population of the lake district","passages":[{"title":"Lake District","text":"Below the tree line are wooded areas , including British and European native oak woodlands and introduced softwood plantations . The woodlands provide habitats for native English wildlife . The native red squirrel is found in the Lake District and in a few other parts of England . In parts of the Lake District the rainfall is higher than in any other part of England . This gives Atlantic mosses , ferns , lichen , and liverworts the chance to grow . There is some ancient woodland in the National Park . Management of the woodlands varies : some are coppiced , some pollarded , some left to grow naturally , and some provide grazing and shelter .","sentences":["Below the tree line are wooded areas , including British and European native oak woodlands and introduced softwood plantations .","The woodlands provide habitats for native English wildlife .","The native red squirrel is found in the Lake District and in a few other parts of England .","In parts of the Lake District the rainfall is higher than in any other part of England .","This gives Atlantic mosses , ferns , lichen , and liverworts the chance to grow .","There is some ancient woodland in the National Park .","Management of the woodlands varies : some are coppiced , some pollarded , some left to grow naturally , and some provide grazing and shelter ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1189608463887459644","input":"what movie has the song welcome to my life by simple plan","passages":[{"title":"Welcome to My Life","text":"Chart ( 2004 - 06 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) 7 Canada ( Nielsen SoundScan ) Czech Republic ( R\u00e1dio Top 100 ) 23 France ( SNEP ) 12 Netherlands ( Mega Top 100 ) 39 New Zealand ( RIANZ ) 5 Spain ( Los 40 Principales ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 33 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 49 US Billboard Hot 100 40 US Mainstream Top 40 ( Billboard ) 10 US Adult Pop Songs ( Billboard ) 26","sentences":["Chart ( 2004 - 06 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) 7","Canada ( Nielsen SoundScan ) Czech Republic ( R\u00e1dio Top 100 ) 23","France ( SNEP ) 12 Netherlands ( Mega Top 100 ) 39","New Zealand ( RIANZ ) 5","Spain ( Los 40 Principales )","Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 33 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","49 US Billboard Hot 100 40 US Mainstream Top 40 ( Billboard ) 10 US Adult Pop Songs ( Billboard ) 26"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-843185209964512470","input":"when did the south switch from democrat to republican","passages":[{"title":"Southern strategy","text":"Political scientist Nelson W. Polsby argued that economic development was more central than racial desegregation in the evolution of the postwar South in Congress . In The End of Southern Exceptionalism : Class , Race , and Partisan Change in the Postwar South , the British political scientist Byron E. Shafer and the Canadian Richard Johnston developed Polsby 's argument in greater depth . Using roll call analysis of voting patterns in the House of Representatives , they found that issues of desegregation and race were less important than issues of economics and social class when it came to the transformation of partisanship in the South . This view is backed by Glenn Feldman who notes that the early narratives on the Southern realignment focused on the idea of appealing to racism . This argument was first and thus took hold as the accepted narrative . However , he notes that Lassiter 's dissenting view on this subject , a view that the realignment was a `` suburban strategy '' rather than a `` Southern strategy '' , was just one of the first of a rapidly growing list of scholars who see the civil rights `` white backlash '' as a secondary or minor factor . Authors such as Tim Boyd , George Lewis , Michael Bowen and John W. White follow the lead of Lassiter , Shafer and Johnston in viewing suburban voters and their self interests as the primary reason for the realignment . He does not discount race as part of the motivation of these suburban voters who were fleeing urban crime and school busing .","sentences":["Political scientist Nelson W. Polsby argued that economic development was more central than racial desegregation in the evolution of the postwar South in Congress .","In The End of Southern Exceptionalism : Class , Race , and Partisan Change in the Postwar South , the British political scientist Byron E. Shafer and the Canadian Richard Johnston developed Polsby 's argument in greater depth .","Using roll call analysis of voting patterns in the House of Representatives , they found that issues of desegregation and race were less important than issues of economics and social class when it came to the transformation of partisanship in the South .","This view is backed by Glenn Feldman who notes that the early narratives on the Southern realignment focused on the idea of appealing to racism .","This argument was first and thus took hold as the accepted narrative .","However , he notes that Lassiter 's dissenting view on this subject , a view that the realignment was a `` suburban strategy '' rather than a `` Southern strategy '' , was just one of the first of a rapidly growing list of scholars who see the civil rights `` white backlash '' as a secondary or minor factor .","Authors such as Tim Boyd , George Lewis , Michael Bowen and John W. White follow the lead of Lassiter , Shafer and Johnston in viewing suburban voters and their self interests as the primary reason for the realignment .","He does not discount race as part of the motivation of these suburban voters who were fleeing urban crime and school busing ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4520309214646465139","input":"when does the new jungle book come out","passages":[{"title":"The Jungle Book (2016 film)","text":"The Jungle Book ( Original Motion Picture Soundtrack ) Film score by John Debney Released April 15 , 2016 Recorded 2015 -- 16 Studio Sony Pictures Studios ( score ) Esplanade Studios , New Orleans Chalice Recording Studios Music Shed Studios , New Orleans Genre Orchestral , swing jazz Length 74 : 17 Label Walt Disney Producer John Debney John Debney chronology The Young Messiah ( 2016 ) The Young Messiah 2016 The Jungle Book ( 2016 ) The Jungle Book2016 Mother 's Day ( 2016 ) Mother 's Day 2016","sentences":["The Jungle Book ( Original Motion Picture Soundtrack )","Film score by John Debney Released April 15 , 2016 Recorded 2015 -- 16 Studio Sony Pictures Studios ( score )","Esplanade Studios , New Orleans Chalice Recording Studios Music Shed Studios , New Orleans Genre Orchestral , swing jazz Length 74 : 17 Label Walt Disney Producer John Debney John Debney chronology","The Young Messiah ( 2016 )","The Young Messiah 2016 The Jungle Book ( 2016 )","The Jungle Book2016 Mother 's Day ( 2016 )","Mother 's Day 2016"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3299754186360670397","input":"why did they name the book to kill a mockingbird","passages":[{"title":"To Kill a Mockingbird","text":"Native Alabamian Allen Barra sharply criticized Lee and the novel in The Wall Street Journal calling Atticus a `` repository of cracker - barrel epigrams '' and the novel represents a `` sugar - coated myth '' of Alabama history . Barra writes , `` It 's time to stop pretending that To Kill a Mockingbird is some kind of timeless classic that ranks with the great works of American literature . Its bloodless liberal humanism is sadly dated '' . Thomas Mallon in The New Yorker criticizes Atticus ' stiff and self - righteous demeanor , and calls Scout `` a kind of highly constructed doll '' whose speech and actions are improbable . Although acknowledging that the novel works , Mallon blasts Lee 's `` wildly unstable '' narrative voice for developing a story about a content neighborhood until it begins to impart morals in the courtroom drama , following with his observation that `` the book has begun to cherish its own goodness '' by the time the case is over . Defending the book , Akin Ajayi writes that justice `` is often complicated , but must always be founded upon the notion of equality and fairness for all . '' Ajayi states that the book forces readers to question issues about race , class , and society , but that it was not written to resolve them .","sentences":["Native Alabamian Allen Barra sharply criticized Lee and the novel in The Wall Street Journal calling Atticus a `` repository of cracker - barrel epigrams '' and the novel represents a `` sugar - coated myth '' of Alabama history .","Barra writes , `` It 's time to stop pretending that To Kill a Mockingbird is some kind of timeless classic that ranks with the great works of American literature .","Its bloodless liberal humanism is sadly dated '' .","Thomas Mallon in The New Yorker criticizes Atticus ' stiff and self - righteous demeanor , and calls Scout `` a kind of highly constructed doll '' whose speech and actions are improbable .","Although acknowledging that the novel works , Mallon blasts Lee 's `` wildly unstable '' narrative voice for developing a story about a content neighborhood until it begins to impart morals in the courtroom drama , following with his observation that `` the book has begun to cherish its own goodness '' by the time the case is over .","Defending the book , Akin Ajayi writes that justice `` is often complicated , but must always be founded upon the notion of equality and fairness for all . ''","Ajayi states that the book forces readers to question issues about race , class , and society , but that it was not written to resolve them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4965129724440553581","input":"which of the following is not a characteristic of the rite of spring","passages":[{"title":"The Rite of Spring","text":"In 1929 Stravinsky and Monteux vied with each other to conduct the first orchestral gramophone recording of The Rite . While Stravinsky led L'Orchestre des Concerts Straram in a recording for the Columbia label , at the same time Monteux was recording it for the HMV label . Stokowski 's version followed in 1930 . Stravinsky made two more recordings , in 1940 and 1960 . According to the critic Edward Greenfield , Stravinsky was not technically a great conductor but , Greenfield says , in the 1960 recording with the Columbia Symphony Orchestra the composer inspired a performance with `` extraordinary thrust and resilience '' . In conversations with Robert Craft , Stravinsky reviewed several recordings of The Rite made in the 1960s . He thought Herbert von Karajan 's 1963 recording with the Berlin Philharmonic , was good , but `` the performance is ... too polished , a pet savage rather than a real one '' . Stravinsky thought that Pierre Boulez , with the Orchestre National de France ( 1963 ) , was `` less good than I had hoped ... very bad tempi and some tasteless alterations '' . He praised a 1962 recording by The Moscow State Symphony Orchestra for making the music sound Russian , `` which is just right '' , but Stravinsky 's concluding judgement was that none of these three performances was worth preserving .","sentences":["In 1929 Stravinsky and Monteux vied with each other to conduct the first orchestral gramophone recording of The Rite .","While Stravinsky led L'Orchestre des Concerts Straram in a recording for the Columbia label , at the same time Monteux was recording it for the HMV label .","Stokowski 's version followed in 1930 .","Stravinsky made two more recordings , in 1940 and 1960 .","According to the critic Edward Greenfield , Stravinsky was not technically a great conductor but , Greenfield says , in the 1960 recording with the Columbia Symphony Orchestra the composer inspired a performance with `` extraordinary thrust and resilience '' .","In conversations with Robert Craft , Stravinsky reviewed several recordings of The Rite made in the 1960s .","He thought Herbert von Karajan 's 1963 recording with the Berlin Philharmonic , was good , but `` the performance is ... too polished , a pet savage rather than a real one '' .","Stravinsky thought that Pierre Boulez , with the Orchestre National de France ( 1963 ) , was `` less good than I had hoped ... very bad tempi and some tasteless alterations '' .","He praised a 1962 recording by The Moscow State Symphony Orchestra for making the music sound Russian , `` which is just right '' , but Stravinsky 's concluding judgement was that none of these three performances was worth preserving ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6959792452227051923","input":"in the breakdown of glucose the compound formed after two","passages":[{"title":"Carbohydrate catabolism","text":"The last process in aerobic respiration is oxidative phosphorylation , also known as the electron transport chain . Here NADH and FADH , which contain the energy in the form of electrons , deliver their electrons to the inner membranes of the mitochondrion to power the production of ATP . Oxidative phosphorylation contributes the majority of the ATP produced , compared to glycolysis and the Krebs cycle . While the ATP count is glycolysis and the Krebs cycle is two ATP molecules , the electron transport chain contributes , at most , twenty - eight ATP molecules . A contributing factor is due to the energy potentials of NADH and FADH . As they are brought from the initial process , glycolysis , to the electron transport chain , the energy stored in them are now utilized . A second contributing factor is that cristae , the inner membranes of mitochondria , increase the surface area and therefore the amount of proteins in the membrane that assist in the synthesis of ATP . Along the electron transport chain , there are separate compartments , each with their own concentration gradient of H + ions , which are the power source of ATP synthesis . To convert ADP to ATP , energy must be provided . That energy is provided by the H+ gradient . On one side of the membrane compartment , there is a high concentration of H+ ions compared to the other . The shuttling of H+ to one side of the membrane is driven by the exergonic flow of electrons throughout the membrane . These electrons are supplied by NADH and FADH as they transfer their potential energy . Once the H+ concentration gradient is established , a proton - motive force is established , which provides the energy to convert ADP to ATP . The H+ ions that were initially forced to one side of the mitochondrion membrane now naturally flow through a membrane protein called ATP synthase , a protein that converts ADP to ATP with the help of H+ ions .","sentences":["The last process in aerobic respiration is oxidative phosphorylation , also known as the electron transport chain .","Here NADH and FADH , which contain the energy in the form of electrons , deliver their electrons to the inner membranes of the mitochondrion to power the production of ATP .","Oxidative phosphorylation contributes the majority of the ATP produced , compared to glycolysis and the Krebs cycle .","While the ATP count is glycolysis and the Krebs cycle is two ATP molecules , the electron transport chain contributes , at most , twenty - eight ATP molecules .","A contributing factor is due to the energy potentials of NADH and FADH .","As they are brought from the initial process , glycolysis , to the electron transport chain , the energy stored in them are now utilized .","A second contributing factor is that cristae , the inner membranes of mitochondria , increase the surface area and therefore the amount of proteins in the membrane that assist in the synthesis of ATP .","Along the electron transport chain , there are separate compartments , each with their own concentration gradient of H + ions , which are the power source of ATP synthesis .","To convert ADP to ATP , energy must be provided .","That energy is provided by the H+ gradient .","On one side of the membrane compartment , there is a high concentration of H+ ions compared to the other .","The shuttling of H+ to one side of the membrane is driven by the exergonic flow of electrons throughout the membrane .","These electrons are supplied by NADH and FADH as they transfer their potential energy .","Once the H+ concentration gradient is established , a proton - motive force is established , which provides the energy to convert ADP to ATP .","The H+ ions that were initially forced to one side of the mitochondrion membrane now naturally flow through a membrane protein called ATP synthase , a protein that converts ADP to ATP with the help of H+ ions ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5587595173989676442","input":"what were four of the findings of the carnegie corporation in regards to why sports are important","passages":[{"title":"Carnegie Corporation of New York","text":"World War II and its immediate aftermath were a relatively inactive period for Carnegie Corporation . When Charles Dollard , who had joined the staff during 1939 as Keppel 's assistant , became president during 1948 , the foundation increased its interest in the social sciences , particularly the study of human behavior , and entered the field of international affairs . At Dollard 's urging , the corporation funded quantitative , `` objective '' social science research modeled after the physical sciences and helped to diffuse the ideas throughout major universities . At this time , the corporation became a major proponent of standardized testing in the schools as a means for determining academic merit irrespective of social or economic background . Among other initiatives , it helped to broker establishment of the Educational Testing Service during 1947 . In recognition of the United States ' increasing need for scholarly and policy expertise in international affairs , the corporation also initiated , with the Ford Foundation , foreign area studies programs in colleges and universities , helping to establish and sustain the Russian Research Center at Harvard University . Following Afrikaner political ascendance during 1951 , the corporation ceased grantmaking in South Africa for more than two decades , changing its policy to the development of universities in East and West Africa .","sentences":["World War II and its immediate aftermath were a relatively inactive period for Carnegie Corporation .","When Charles Dollard , who had joined the staff during 1939 as Keppel 's assistant , became president during 1948 , the foundation increased its interest in the social sciences , particularly the study of human behavior , and entered the field of international affairs .","At Dollard 's urging , the corporation funded quantitative , `` objective '' social science research modeled after the physical sciences and helped to diffuse the ideas throughout major universities .","At this time , the corporation became a major proponent of standardized testing in the schools as a means for determining academic merit irrespective of social or economic background .","Among other initiatives , it helped to broker establishment of the Educational Testing Service during 1947 .","In recognition of the United States ' increasing need for scholarly and policy expertise in international affairs , the corporation also initiated , with the Ford Foundation , foreign area studies programs in colleges and universities , helping to establish and sustain the Russian Research Center at Harvard University .","Following Afrikaner political ascendance during 1951 , the corporation ceased grantmaking in South Africa for more than two decades , changing its policy to the development of universities in East and West Africa ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7991070629338339882","input":"who owns rights to the happy birthday song","passages":[{"title":"Happy Birthday to You","text":"It is traditional , among English - speakers , that at a birthday party , the song `` Happy Birthday to You '' be sung to the birthday person by the other guests celebrating the birthday . More specifically , the birthday person is traditionally presented with a birthday cake with lit candles , with the number of candles sometimes corresponding to the age of the person . After the song is sung ( usually just once ) , party guests sometimes add wishes like `` and many more ! '' expressing the hope that the birthday person will enjoy a long life . The birthday person may be asked to make a wish ( `` Make a wish ! '' ) -- which he or she does silently -- and then is supposed to blow out the candles . Traditionally , blowing out the candles is believed ( or is considered a lighthearted superstition ) to ensure that the wish will come true . Once the candles have been blown out , people may applaud , after which the cake may be served , often with the first piece being served to the person whose birthday it is .","sentences":["It is traditional , among English - speakers , that at a birthday party , the song `` Happy Birthday to You '' be sung to the birthday person by the other guests celebrating the birthday .","More specifically , the birthday person is traditionally presented with a birthday cake with lit candles , with the number of candles sometimes corresponding to the age of the person .","After the song is sung ( usually just once ) , party guests sometimes add wishes like `` and many more ! ''","expressing the hope that the birthday person will enjoy a long life .","The birthday person may be asked to make a wish ( `` Make a wish ! ''",") --","which he or she does silently -- and then is supposed to blow out the candles .","Traditionally , blowing out the candles is believed ( or is considered a lighthearted superstition ) to ensure that the wish will come true .","Once the candles have been blown out , people may applaud , after which the cake may be served , often with the first piece being served to the person whose birthday it is ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6251789995243382490","input":"when does season 15 of keeping up with the kardashian start","passages":[{"title":"Keeping Up with the Kardashians","text":"However , several critics were more positive towards the show . A number of publications welcomed the show as `` guilty pleasure '' , including The Huffington Post , The Atlantic , and The Week . Tim Stack , writing for Entertainment Weekly , described the reality series as : `` my favorite little slice of reality TV spongecake . '' Lauren Le Vine of Refinery29 appreciated the success of the family which `` achieved the American dream of making something out of nothing , '' using the given platform . Libby Hill of The A.V. Club also acknowledged the show 's success and said : `` Keeping Up With The Kardashians gives us real , joyous , ugly , unsavory , hilarious life , with all the polished sitcom trappings . And though the latter may have launched a multimedia empire , the former has made it last '' . Maura Kelly of The Guardian evaluated the aftermath of the failed wedding of Kim Kardashian and Kris Humphries , which was documented on Keeping Up with the Kardashians , and subsequently caused public outrage , including an online protest petition to cancel the show . `` Since Kim does n't exactly seem to be an exemplar of self - awareness , I suppose it 's possible that she really believed she and Humphries would live happily ever after , '' Kelly speculated whether or not the marriage was a publicity stunt . `` But more likely , she and E ! are laughing all the way to the bank -- 10.5 million viewers tuned into `` Kim 's Fairytale Wedding : A Kardashian Event '' , after all , '' Kelly summarized the controversy . Josh Duboff , writing for Vanity Fair , commented on the show 's long run and said that `` it is near impossible to argue that their continued relevance , 10 years later , is anything other than awe - inspiring and remarkable '' .","sentences":["However , several critics were more positive towards the show .","A number of publications welcomed the show as `` guilty pleasure '' , including The Huffington Post , The Atlantic , and The Week .","Tim Stack , writing for Entertainment Weekly , described the reality series as : `` my favorite little slice of reality TV spongecake . ''","Lauren Le Vine of Refinery29 appreciated the success of the family which `` achieved the American dream of making something out of nothing , '' using the given platform .","Libby Hill of The A.V. Club also acknowledged the show 's success and said : `` Keeping Up With The Kardashians gives us real , joyous , ugly , unsavory , hilarious life , with all the polished sitcom trappings .","And though the latter may have launched a multimedia empire , the former has made it last '' .","Maura Kelly of The Guardian evaluated the aftermath of the failed wedding of Kim Kardashian and Kris Humphries , which was documented on Keeping Up with the Kardashians , and subsequently caused public outrage , including an online protest petition to cancel the show .","`` Since Kim does n't exactly seem to be an exemplar of self - awareness , I suppose it 's possible that she really believed she and Humphries would live happily ever after , '' Kelly speculated whether or not the marriage was a publicity stunt .","`` But more likely , she and E ! are laughing all the way to the bank -- 10.5 million viewers tuned into `` Kim 's Fairytale Wedding : A Kardashian Event '' , after all , '' Kelly summarized the controversy .","Josh Duboff , writing for Vanity Fair , commented on the show 's long run and said that `` it is near impossible to argue that their continued relevance , 10 years later , is anything other than awe - inspiring and remarkable '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7755651521483247596","input":"where do they sell the new york post","passages":[{"title":"New York Post","text":"The gossip section `` Page Six '' was created by James Brady and currently edited by Emily Smith ( although it no longer actually appears on page six of the tabloid ) . Columnist Richard Johnson edited Page Six for 25 years . February 2006 saw the debut of Page Six Magazine , distributed free inside the paper . In September 2007 , it started to be distributed weekly in the Sunday edition of the paper . In January 2009 , publication of Page Six Magazine was cut to four times a year . Daily web content is published at www.pagesix.com .","sentences":["The gossip section `` Page Six '' was created by James Brady and currently edited by Emily Smith ( although it no longer actually appears on page six of the tabloid ) .","Columnist Richard Johnson edited Page Six for 25 years .","February 2006 saw the debut of Page Six Magazine , distributed free inside the paper .","In September 2007 , it started to be distributed weekly in the Sunday edition of the paper .","In January 2009 , publication of Page Six Magazine was cut to four times a year .","Daily web content is published at www.pagesix.com ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7029325576246301745","input":"what native american tribe inhabited what is now chicago","passages":[{"title":"Illinois Confederation","text":"The Illinois lived in a seasonal cycle related to cultivation of domestic plants and hunting , with movement from semi-permanent villages to hunting camps . They seasonally lived in long houses and wigwams of wood and woven mats . They planted crops of maize ( corn ) , beans , and squash , known as the `` Three Sisters '' . They prepared dishes such as sagamite . They also gathered wild foods such as nuts , fruit , roots , and tubers . In the hunting season , the men hunted bison , deer , elk , bear , cougar , lynx , turkey , geese and duck . Women prepared the meat for preservation and the hides for equipment and clothing . They tapped maple trees and made the sap into a drink or boiled it for syrup and sugar .","sentences":["The Illinois lived in a seasonal cycle related to cultivation of domestic plants and hunting , with movement from semi-permanent villages to hunting camps .","They seasonally lived in long houses and wigwams of wood and woven mats .","They planted crops of maize ( corn ) , beans , and squash , known as the `` Three Sisters '' .","They prepared dishes such as sagamite .","They also gathered wild foods such as nuts , fruit , roots , and tubers .","In the hunting season , the men hunted bison , deer , elk , bear , cougar , lynx , turkey , geese and duck .","Women prepared the meat for preservation and the hides for equipment and clothing .","They tapped maple trees and made the sap into a drink or boiled it for syrup and sugar ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8931131100978865980","input":"assumptions regarding investor behavior are required by the capm","passages":[{"title":"Capital asset pricing model","text":"E ( R i ) \u2212 R f = \u03b2 i ( E ( R m ) \u2212 R f ) ( \\ displaystyle E ( R_ ( i ) ) - R_ ( f ) = \\ beta _ ( i ) ( E ( R_ ( m ) ) - R_ ( f ) ) \\ , )","sentences":["E ( R i )","\u2212 R f = \u03b2 i ( E ( R m )","\u2212 R f )","( \\ displaystyle E ( R_","( i ) ) - R_","( f ) = \\ beta _","( i ) ( E ( R_ ( m ) )","- R_","( f ) )","\\ , )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8139185129165412877","input":"what channel does jimmy fallon come on dish","passages":[{"title":"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon","text":"The debut episode of The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon averaged a 3.8 rating in adults 18 -- 49 and 11.31 million viewers overall in Nielsen 's fast - national estimates . This made it the second - largest audience for The Tonight Show since May 2009 , behind Leno 's final farewell two weeks earlier and the transition to Conan O'Brien nearly five years prior . The program 's first full week averaged 8.490 million viewers , making it the franchise 's most - watched week in 20 years . Following its premiere , The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon has consistently won its timeslot in ratings , routinely beating Late Show with David Letterman and Jimmy Kimmel Live ! . Despite this , the ratings for competitors never significantly fell , with Fallon winning due to a surge in younger viewers . In his first year as host , Fallon 's Tonight Show improved on ratings delivered by his predecessor Jay Leno .","sentences":["The debut episode of The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon averaged a 3.8 rating in adults 18 -- 49 and 11.31 million viewers overall in Nielsen 's fast - national estimates .","This made it the second - largest audience for The Tonight Show since May 2009 , behind Leno 's final farewell two weeks earlier and the transition to Conan O'Brien nearly five years prior .","The program 's first full week averaged 8.490 million viewers , making it the franchise 's most - watched week in 20 years .","Following its premiere , The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon has consistently won its timeslot in ratings , routinely beating Late Show with David Letterman and Jimmy Kimmel Live ! .","Despite this , the ratings for competitors never significantly fell , with Fallon winning due to a surge in younger viewers .","In his first year as host , Fallon 's Tonight Show improved on ratings delivered by his predecessor Jay Leno ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5324310356959536575","input":"who said that all living things are made of cells","passages":[{"title":"Cell theory","text":"Prokaryotes : Prokaryotes are relatively small cells surrounded by the plasma membrane , with a characteristic cell wall that may differ in composition depending on the particular organism . Prokaryotes lack a nucleus ( although they do have circular or linear DNA ) and other membrane - bound organelles ( though they do contain ribosomes ) . The protoplasm of a prokaryote contains the chromosomal region that appears as fibrous deposits under the microscope , and the cytoplasm . Bacteria and Archaea are the two domains of prokaryotes . Eukaryotes : Eukaryotic cells are also surrounded by the plasma membrane , but on the other hand , they have distinct nuclei bound by a nuclear membrane or envelope . Eukaryotic cells also contain membrane - bound organelles , such as ( mitochondria , chloroplasts , lysosomes , rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum , vacuoles ) . In addition , they possess organized chromosomes which store genetic material .","sentences":["Prokaryotes : Prokaryotes are relatively small cells surrounded by the plasma membrane , with a characteristic cell wall that may differ in composition depending on the particular organism .","Prokaryotes lack a nucleus ( although they do have circular or linear DNA ) and other membrane - bound organelles ( though they do contain ribosomes ) .","The protoplasm of a prokaryote contains the chromosomal region that appears as fibrous deposits under the microscope , and the cytoplasm .","Bacteria and Archaea are the two domains of prokaryotes .","Eukaryotes :","Eukaryotic cells are also surrounded by the plasma membrane , but on the other hand , they have distinct nuclei bound by a nuclear membrane or envelope .","Eukaryotic cells also contain membrane - bound organelles , such as ( mitochondria , chloroplasts , lysosomes , rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum , vacuoles ) .","In addition , they possess organized chromosomes which store genetic material ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"439317987970624148","input":"republic act of the philippines about human rights","passages":[{"title":"Human rights in the Philippines","text":"Special Non-Working Holiday Pay If an employee works on 21 August , Ninoy Aquino Day , 1 November , All Saints Day , and \/ or 31 December , Last Day of the year , his wage will be : for first eight ( 8 ) hours of work - plus thirty percent ( 30 % ) of the daily rate for excess of eight ( 8 ) hours of work - plus thirty percent ( 30 % ) of hourly rate on said day If an employee works on 21 August , Ninoy Aquino Day , 1 November , All Saints Day , and \/ or 31 December , Last Day of the Year and it falls under his rest day , his wage will be for the first eight ( 8 ) hours of work - plus fifty percent ( 50 % ) of the daily rate excess of eight ( 8 ) hours of work - plus thirty percent ( 30 % ) of hourly rate on said day Regular Holiday Pay Article 93 and 94 of the Philippine Labor Code states that a worker shall be paid his regular daily wage during regular holidays whether or not the employee goes to work . The employer can require an employee to work on any holiday but the employee must be paid an amount double his regular wage . If the holiday falls under the employee 's rest day , and he decides to work , his wage for the first eight ( 8 ) hours of his work will be doubled . If he works for more than eight ( 8 ) hours , then thirty percent ( 30 % ) of his hourly rate will be added to his wage for that day . The regular holidays according to EO 292 as amended by RA 9849 are as follows : New Year - 1 January Maundy Thursday - Movable Date Good Friday - Movable Date Araw ng Kagitingan - 9 April Labor Day - 1 May Independence Day - 12 June National Heroes Day - Last Monday of August Bonifacio Day - 30 November Eid'l Fitr - Movable Date Eid'l Adha - Movable Date Christmas Day - 25 December Rizal Day - 30 December Leave","sentences":["Special Non-Working Holiday Pay If an employee works on 21 August , Ninoy Aquino Day , 1 November , All Saints Day , and \/ or 31 December , Last Day of the year , his wage will be : for first eight ( 8 ) hours of work - plus thirty percent ( 30 % ) of the daily rate for excess of eight ( 8 ) hours of work - plus thirty percent ( 30 % ) of hourly rate on said day If an employee works on 21 August , Ninoy Aquino Day , 1 November , All Saints Day , and \/ or 31 December , Last Day of the Year and it falls under his rest day , his wage will be for the first eight ( 8 ) hours of work - plus fifty percent ( 50 % ) of the daily rate excess of eight ( 8 ) hours of work - plus thirty percent ( 30 % ) of hourly rate on said day Regular Holiday Pay Article 93 and 94 of the Philippine Labor Code states that a worker shall be paid his regular daily wage during regular holidays whether or not the employee goes to work .","The employer can require an employee to work on any holiday but the employee must be paid an amount double his regular wage .","If the holiday falls under the employee 's rest day , and he decides to work , his wage for the first eight ( 8 ) hours of his work will be doubled .","If he works for more than eight ( 8 ) hours , then thirty percent ( 30 % ) of his hourly rate will be added to his wage for that day .","The regular holidays according to EO 292 as amended by RA 9849 are as follows : New Year - 1 January Maundy Thursday - Movable Date","Good Friday - Movable Date Araw ng Kagitingan - 9 April Labor Day - 1 May Independence Day - 12 June National Heroes Day - Last Monday of August Bonifacio Day - 30 November Eid'l Fitr - Movable Date Eid'l Adha - Movable Date Christmas Day - 25 December Rizal Day - 30 December Leave"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6764705027637460129","input":"what do the different buzzfeed channel colors mean","passages":[{"title":"BuzzFeed","text":"While working at the Huffington Post , Peretti started BuzzFeed ( originally called BuzzFeed Laboratories ) as a side project , in 2006 , in partnership with his former supervisor John Johnson . In the beginning , BuzzFeed employed no writers or editors , just an `` algorithm to cull stories from around the web that were showing stirrings of virality . '' The site initially launched an instant messaging client , BuzzBot , which messaged users a link to popular content . The messages were sent based on algorithms which examined the links that were being quickly disseminated , scouring through the feeds of hundreds of blogs that were aggregating them . Later , the site began spotlighting the most popular links that BuzzBot found . Peretti hired curators to help describe the content that was popular around the web . In 2011 , Peretti hired Politico 's Ben Smith , who earlier had achieved much attention as a political blogger , to assemble a news operation in addition to the many aggregated `` listicles '' .","sentences":["While working at the Huffington Post , Peretti started BuzzFeed ( originally called BuzzFeed Laboratories ) as a side project , in 2006 , in partnership with his former supervisor John Johnson .","In the beginning , BuzzFeed employed no writers or editors , just an `` algorithm to cull stories from around the web that were showing stirrings of virality . ''","The site initially launched an instant messaging client , BuzzBot , which messaged users a link to popular content .","The messages were sent based on algorithms which examined the links that were being quickly disseminated , scouring through the feeds of hundreds of blogs that were aggregating them .","Later , the site began spotlighting the most popular links that BuzzBot found .","Peretti hired curators to help describe the content that was popular around the web .","In 2011 , Peretti hired Politico 's Ben Smith , who earlier had achieved much attention as a political blogger , to assemble a news operation in addition to the many aggregated `` listicles '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6374369974729476169","input":"where did the m m get their name","passages":[{"title":"Call Me by Your Name (film)","text":"Principal photography on Call Me by Your Name lasted around 33 days . It began on May 9 , 2016 , and was completed in June 2016 . The process occurred quietly , with reports only appearing after filming had been underway for two weeks . The film was shot primarily in Crema and the province of Cremona . It was filmed during an unexpected , heavy rainstorm in Italy that was described by Spears as `` the coldest , wettest , stormiest time in 200 years in Europe . '' A search for extras in Crema began in March and April . Scenes set in the nearby villages Pandino and Moscazzano were filmed from May 17 , before moving to Crema on June 1 . Additional outdoor scenes were shot on December 4 , 2016 . Production in Crema cost \u20ac 18,000 , and a promotion campaign cost \u20ac 7,500 .","sentences":["Principal photography on Call Me by Your Name lasted around 33 days .","It began on May 9 , 2016 , and was completed in June 2016 .","The process occurred quietly , with reports only appearing after filming had been underway for two weeks .","The film was shot primarily in Crema and the province of Cremona .","It was filmed during an unexpected , heavy rainstorm in Italy that was described by Spears as `` the coldest , wettest , stormiest time in 200 years in Europe . ''","A search for extras in Crema began in March and April .","Scenes set in the nearby villages Pandino and Moscazzano were filmed from May 17 , before moving to Crema on June 1 .","Additional outdoor scenes were shot on December 4 , 2016 .","Production in Crema cost \u20ac 18,000 , and a promotion campaign cost \u20ac 7,500 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5549688185380218447","input":"what were the principal issues of the war of austrian succession","passages":[{"title":"War of the Austrian Succession","text":"Frederick obtained an alliance with the French against the Austrians , signing the Treaty of Breslau on 5 June . Accordingly , the French began to cross the Rhine on 15 August and joined the Bavarian Elector 's forces on the Danube and advanced towards Vienna . The combined forces of the French and the Bavarians captured the Austrian town of Linz on 14 September . However , at this point , the objective was suddenly changed , and after many countermarches the anti-Austrian allies advanced , in three widely separated corps , on Prague . A French corps moved via Amberg and Pilsen . The Elector marched on Budweis , and the Saxons ( who had now joined the allies against Austria ) invaded Bohemia by the Elbe valley . The Austrians could at first offer little resistance , but before long a considerable force intervened at T\u00e1bor between the Danube and the allies , and Austrian troops including Neipperg were soon transferred from Silesia back to the west to defend the Austrian capital , Vienna , from the French .","sentences":["Frederick obtained an alliance with the French against the Austrians , signing the Treaty of Breslau on 5 June .","Accordingly , the French began to cross the Rhine on 15 August and joined the Bavarian Elector 's forces on the Danube and advanced towards Vienna .","The combined forces of the French and the Bavarians captured the Austrian town of Linz on 14 September .","However , at this point , the objective was suddenly changed , and after many countermarches the anti-Austrian allies advanced , in three widely separated corps , on Prague .","A French corps moved via Amberg and Pilsen .","The Elector marched on Budweis , and the Saxons ( who had now joined the allies against Austria ) invaded Bohemia by the Elbe valley .","The Austrians could at first offer little resistance , but before long a considerable force intervened at T\u00e1bor between the Danube and the allies , and Austrian troops including Neipperg were soon transferred from Silesia back to the west to defend the Austrian capital , Vienna , from the French ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7381099825083695062","input":"what does a distributor cap and rotor do","passages":[{"title":"Distributor","text":"The rotor is attached to the top of the distributor shaft which is driven by the engine 's camshaft and thus synchronized to it . Synchronization to the camshaft is required as the rotor must turn at exactly half the speed of the main crankshaft in the 4 - stroke cycle . Often , the rotor and distributor are attached directly to the end of the one of ( or the only ) camshaft , at the opposite end to the timing drive belt . This rotor is pressed against a carbon brush on the center terminal of the distributor cap which connects to the ignition coil . The rotor is constructed such that the center tab is electrically connected to its outer edge so the current coming in to the center post travels through the carbon point to the outer edge of the rotor . As the camshaft rotates , the rotor spins and its outer edge passes each of the internal plug terminals to fire each spark plug in sequence .","sentences":["The rotor is attached to the top of the distributor shaft which is driven by the engine 's camshaft and thus synchronized to it .","Synchronization to the camshaft is required as the rotor must turn at exactly half the speed of the main crankshaft in the 4 - stroke cycle .","Often , the rotor and distributor are attached directly to the end of the one of ( or the only ) camshaft , at the opposite end to the timing drive belt .","This rotor is pressed against a carbon brush on the center terminal of the distributor cap which connects to the ignition coil .","The rotor is constructed such that the center tab is electrically connected to its outer edge so the current coming in to the center post travels through the carbon point to the outer edge of the rotor .","As the camshaft rotates , the rotor spins and its outer edge passes each of the internal plug terminals to fire each spark plug in sequence ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-233555579792738115","input":"when does rachel get a job at bloomingdales","passages":[{"title":"Rachel Green","text":"Rachel has had several romantic relationships throughout Friends decade - long run , the most famous and prominent of which remains her on - again , off - again relationship with friend Ross . Although wildly popular among audiences , the couple has been met with mixed reviews from critics . Katherine Hassel of the Daily Express described the characters ' relationship as `` the heart of the show '' . China Daily cited Ross and Rachel 's reunion during the series finale `` The Last One '' among the episode 's highlights , while Gary Susman of Rolling Stone believes that audiences would not have been happy had the couple not ultimately reunited . Contrastingly , The Wire 's Joe Reid is of the opinion that the show 's second season is `` the only time Ross \/ Rachel was truly great '' . Virgin Media wrote that the couple 's dynamics `` had grown mightily tedious '' by season ten . E ! cable network ranked Rachel and Ross the ninth greatest Friends couple , writing that their relationship gave `` Friends fans enough iconic quotes to fill a book '' , considering Phoebe 's line `` See ? ( Ross is ) her lobster ! '' to be among show 's most iconic . Ross and Rachel 's season three breakup has spawned a debate among Friends fans , who continue to argue over which of the two was at fault : Rachel for suggesting that they take a break from their relationship , or Ross for sleeping with another woman immediately afterwards . Writing for E ! , Jenna Mullins ruled in favor of Rachel , elaborating , `` there is no excuse for Ross sleeping with someone else after his lobster suggested taking a break '' , concluding that Ross `` blew it '' . The Jewish community was particularly receptive to the fact that a Jewish - American couple existed on prime time television , described by Lilith magazine as `` a televisual first '' .","sentences":["Rachel has had several romantic relationships throughout Friends decade - long run , the most famous and prominent of which remains her on - again , off - again relationship with friend Ross .","Although wildly popular among audiences , the couple has been met with mixed reviews from critics .","Katherine Hassel of the Daily Express described the characters ' relationship as `` the heart of the show '' .","China Daily cited Ross and Rachel 's reunion during the series finale `` The Last One '' among the episode 's highlights , while Gary Susman of Rolling Stone believes that audiences would not have been happy had the couple not ultimately reunited .","Contrastingly , The Wire 's Joe Reid is of the opinion that the show 's second season is `` the only time Ross \/ Rachel was truly great '' .","Virgin Media wrote that the couple 's dynamics `` had grown mightily tedious '' by season ten .","E ! cable network ranked Rachel and Ross the ninth greatest Friends couple , writing that their relationship gave `` Friends fans enough iconic quotes to fill a book '' , considering Phoebe 's line `` See ?","( Ross is ) her lobster ! ''","to be among show 's most iconic .","Ross and Rachel 's season three breakup has spawned a debate among Friends fans , who continue to argue over which of the two was at fault : Rachel for suggesting that they take a break from their relationship , or Ross for sleeping with another woman immediately afterwards .","Writing for E ! , Jenna Mullins ruled in favor of Rachel , elaborating , `` there is no excuse for Ross sleeping with someone else after his lobster suggested taking a break '' , concluding that Ross `` blew it '' .","The Jewish community was particularly receptive to the fact that a Jewish - American couple existed on prime time television , described by Lilith magazine as `` a televisual first '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8936923918771065709","input":"a spanish military leader who fought against the native peoples of the americas was called","passages":[{"title":"Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire","text":"In the sources recorded by Franciscan Bernardino de Sahag\u00fan and Dominican Diego Dur\u00e1n , there are accounts of events that were interpreted as supernatural omens of the conquest . These two accounts are full - blown narratives from the viewpoint of the Spanish opponents . Most first - hand accounts about the conquest of the Aztec Empire were written by Spaniards : Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s ' letters to Charles V , Holy Roman Emperor and the first - person narrative of Bernal D\u00edaz del Castillo , The True History of the Conquest of New Spain . The primary sources from the native people affected as a result of the conquest are seldom used , because they tend to reflect the views of a particular native group , such as the Tlaxcalans . Indigenous accounts were written in pictographs as early as 1525 . Later accounts were written in the native tongue of the Aztec and other native peoples of central Mexico , Nahuatl .","sentences":["In the sources recorded by Franciscan Bernardino de Sahag\u00fan and Dominican Diego Dur\u00e1n , there are accounts of events that were interpreted as supernatural omens of the conquest .","These two accounts are full - blown narratives from the viewpoint of the Spanish opponents .","Most first - hand accounts about the conquest of the Aztec Empire were written by Spaniards : Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s ' letters to Charles V , Holy Roman Emperor and the first - person narrative of Bernal D\u00edaz del Castillo , The True History of the Conquest of New Spain .","The primary sources from the native people affected as a result of the conquest are seldom used , because they tend to reflect the views of a particular native group , such as the Tlaxcalans .","Indigenous accounts were written in pictographs as early as 1525 .","Later accounts were written in the native tongue of the Aztec and other native peoples of central Mexico , Nahuatl ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3709351638383305716","input":"when does karen find out she's pregnant shameless","passages":[{"title":"Shameless (season 2)","text":"The Gallaghers celebrate Thanksgiving by inviting a large group over , planning on eating the bald eagle Carl shot with a gun he found . Lip prepares himself for the arrival of his baby by creating a movie for when the child grows up . Estefania 's boyfriend Marco ( Thierre Di Castro ) finally shows up and is enraged that Steve had sex with her , even though they 're married . Frank tries to get his share of his mother 's money from his brother Clayton ( Kristoffer Winters ) but is unsuccessful . Ian goes back to the gay club and sleeps with an older businessman calling himself Ned . As the Gallaghers celebrate thanksgiving dinner , Monica attempts to commit suicide , abruptly ending the family 's gathering . Karen goes into labor and gives birth . The baby turns out to be Asian and has down syndrome , and Lip realizes it 's not his . The baby 's adoptive parents decide not to take it , and Karen does n't want it . Sheila ends up stealing it from the maternity ward .","sentences":["The Gallaghers celebrate Thanksgiving by inviting a large group over , planning on eating the bald eagle Carl shot with a gun he found .","Lip prepares himself for the arrival of his baby by creating a movie for when the child grows up .","Estefania 's boyfriend Marco ( Thierre Di Castro ) finally shows up and is enraged that Steve had sex with her , even though they 're married .","Frank tries to get his share of his mother 's money from his brother Clayton ( Kristoffer Winters ) but is unsuccessful .","Ian goes back to the gay club and sleeps with an older businessman calling himself Ned .","As the Gallaghers celebrate thanksgiving dinner , Monica attempts to commit suicide , abruptly ending the family 's gathering .","Karen goes into labor and gives birth .","The baby turns out to be Asian and has down syndrome , and Lip realizes it 's not his .","The baby 's adoptive parents decide not to take it , and Karen does n't want it .","Sheila ends up stealing it from the maternity ward ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1370578046206880795","input":"what is the greek god hades known for","passages":[{"title":"Hades","text":"The origin of Hades ' name is uncertain , but has generally been seen as meaning `` The Unseen One '' since antiquity . An extensive section of Plato 's dialogue Cratylus is devoted to the etymology of the god 's name , in which Socrates is arguing for a folk etymology not from `` unseen '' but from `` his knowledge ( eidenai ) of all noble things '' . Modern linguists have proposed the Proto - Greek form * Awides ( `` unseen '' ) . The earliest attested form is A\u1e2fd\u0113s ( \u1f08\u0390\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 ) , which lacks the proposed digamma . West argues instead for an original meaning of `` the one who presides over meeting up '' from the universality of death . Amphora","sentences":["The origin of Hades ' name is uncertain , but has generally been seen as meaning `` The Unseen One '' since antiquity .","An extensive section of Plato 's dialogue Cratylus is devoted to the etymology of the god 's name , in which Socrates is arguing for a folk etymology not from `` unseen '' but from `` his knowledge ( eidenai ) of all noble things '' .","Modern linguists have proposed the Proto - Greek form *","Awides ( `` unseen '' ) .","The earliest attested form is A\u1e2fd\u0113s ( \u1f08\u0390\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 ) , which lacks the proposed digamma .","West argues instead for an original meaning of `` the one who presides over meeting up '' from the universality of death .","Amphora"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8003945593562411187","input":"where can you find the book of enoch","passages":[{"title":"Book of Enoch","text":"In 1893 , Robert Charles judged Chapter 71 to be a later addition . He would later change his opinion and give an early date for the work between 94 and 64 BCE . The 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia states that Son of Man is found in the Book of Enoch , but never in the original material . It occurs in the `` Noachian interpolations '' ( lx. 10 , lxxi. 14 ) , in which it has clearly no other meaning than ' man ' . The author of the work misuses or corrupts the titles of the angels . Charles views the title Son of Man , as found in the Book of Parables , as referring to a supernatural person , a Messiah who is not of human descent . In that part of the Book of Enoch known as the Similitudes , it has the technical sense of a supernatural Messiah and judge of the world ( xlvi. 2 , xlviii. 2 , lxx. 27 ) ; universal dominion and preexistence are predicated of him ( xlviii. 2 , lxvii. 6 ) . He sits on God 's throne ( xlv. 3 , li. 3 ) , which is his own throne . Though Charles does not admit it , these passages betray Christian redaction and emendation . Many scholars have suggested that passages in the Book of Parables are Noachian interpolations . These passages seem to interrupt the flow of the narrative . Darrell D. Hannah suggests that these passages are not , in total , novel interpolations , but rather derived from an earlier Noah apocryphon . He believes that some interpolations refer to Herod the Great and should be dated to around 4 BCE .","sentences":["In 1893 , Robert Charles judged Chapter 71 to be a later addition .","He would later change his opinion and give an early date for the work between 94 and 64 BCE .","The 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia states that Son of Man is found in the Book of Enoch , but never in the original material .","It occurs in the `` Noachian interpolations '' ( lx. 10 , lxxi.","14 ) , in which it has clearly no other meaning than ' man ' .","The author of the work misuses or corrupts the titles of the angels .","Charles views the title Son of Man , as found in the Book of Parables , as referring to a supernatural person , a Messiah who is not of human descent .","In that part of the Book of Enoch known as the Similitudes , it has the technical sense of a supernatural Messiah and judge of the world ( xlvi.","2 , xlviii. 2 , lxx. 27 ) ; universal dominion and preexistence are predicated of him ( xlviii.","2 , lxvii.","6 ) .","He sits on God 's throne ( xlv. 3 , li. 3 ) , which is his own throne .","Though Charles does not admit it , these passages betray Christian redaction and emendation .","Many scholars have suggested that passages in the Book of Parables are Noachian interpolations .","These passages seem to interrupt the flow of the narrative .","Darrell D. Hannah suggests that these passages are not , in total , novel interpolations , but rather derived from an earlier Noah apocryphon .","He believes that some interpolations refer to Herod the Great and should be dated to around 4 BCE ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1865727376087163473","input":"when were statins first prescribed in the uk","passages":[{"title":"Statin","text":"Statin equivalent dosages % LDL reduction ( approx . ) Atorvastatin Fluvastatin Lovastatin Pravastatin Rosuvastatin Simvastatin 10 -- 20 % -- 20 mg 10 mg 10 mg -- 5 mg 20 -- 30 % -- 40 mg 20 mg 20 mg -- 10 mg 30 -- 40 % 10 mg 80 mg 40 mg 40 mg 5 mg 20 mg 40 -- 45 % 20 mg -- 80 mg 80 mg 5 -- 10 mg 40 mg 46 -- 50 % 40 mg -- -- -- 10 -- 20 mg 80 mg * 50 -- 55 % 80 mg -- -- -- 20 mg -- 56 -- 60 % -- -- -- -- 40 mg -- * 80 - mg dose no longer recommended due to increased risk of rhabdomyolysis Starting dose Starting dose 10 -- 20 mg 20 mg 10 -- 20 mg 40 mg 10 mg ; 5 mg if hypothyroid , > 65 yo , Asian 20 mg If higher LDL reduction goal 40 mg if > 45 % 40 mg if > 25 % 20 mg if > 20 % -- 20 mg if LDL > 190 mg \/ dL ( 4.87 mmol \/ L ) 40 mg if > 45 % Optimal timing Anytime Evening With evening meals Anytime Anytime Evening","sentences":["Statin equivalent dosages % LDL reduction ( approx . )","Atorvastatin Fluvastatin Lovastatin Pravastatin Rosuvastatin Simvastatin 10 -- 20 % -- 20 mg 10 mg 10 mg -- 5 mg 20 -- 30 % -- 40 mg 20 mg 20 mg -- 10 mg 30 -- 40 % 10 mg 80 mg 40 mg 40 mg 5 mg 20 mg 40 -- 45 % 20 mg -- 80 mg 80 mg 5 -- 10 mg 40 mg 46 -- 50 % 40 mg -- -- -- 10 -- 20 mg 80 mg * 50 -- 55 % 80 mg -- -- -- 20 mg -- 56 -- 60 % -- -- -- -- 40 mg -- * 80 - mg dose no longer recommended due to increased risk of rhabdomyolysis Starting dose Starting dose 10 -- 20 mg 20 mg 10 -- 20 mg 40 mg 10 mg ; 5 mg if hypothyroid , > 65 yo , Asian","20 mg If higher LDL reduction goal 40 mg if > 45 % 40 mg if > 25 % 20 mg if > 20 % -- 20 mg if LDL > 190 mg \/ dL ( 4.87 mmol \/ L ) 40 mg if > 45 % Optimal timing","Anytime Evening","With evening meals","Anytime Anytime Evening"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4132182229608355221","input":"is there a difference between a cherry tree and a cherry blossom tree","passages":[{"title":"Cherry blossom","text":"Japan gave 3,020 cherry blossom trees as a gift to the United States in 1912 to celebrate the nations ' then - growing friendship , replacing an earlier gift of 2,000 trees which had to be destroyed due to disease in 1910 . These trees were planted in Sakura Park in Manhattan and line the shore of the Tidal Basin and the roadway in East Potomac Park in Washington , D.C. The first two original trees were planted by first lady Helen Taft and Viscountess Chinda on the bank of the Tidal Basin . The gift was renewed with another 3,800 trees in 1965 . In Washington , D.C. the cherry blossom trees continue to be a popular tourist attraction ( and the subject of the annual National Cherry Blossom Festival ) when they reach full bloom in early spring . Just outside of Washington , D.C. , the suburb of Kenwood in Bethesda , Maryland has roughly 1,200 trees that are popular with locals and tourists .","sentences":["Japan gave 3,020 cherry blossom trees as a gift to the United States in 1912 to celebrate the nations ' then - growing friendship , replacing an earlier gift of 2,000 trees which had to be destroyed due to disease in 1910 .","These trees were planted in Sakura Park in Manhattan and line the shore of the Tidal Basin and the roadway in East Potomac Park in Washington , D.C.","The first two original trees were planted by first lady Helen Taft and Viscountess Chinda on the bank of the Tidal Basin .","The gift was renewed with another 3,800 trees in 1965 .","In Washington , D.C. the cherry blossom trees continue to be a popular tourist attraction ( and the subject of the annual National Cherry Blossom Festival ) when they reach full bloom in early spring .","Just outside of Washington , D.C. , the suburb of Kenwood in Bethesda , Maryland has roughly 1,200 trees that are popular with locals and tourists ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1009624242836693139","input":"the final episode of all in the family","passages":[{"title":"Edith Bunker","text":"Edith Bunker was a ditzy but cheery and loving woman . A native of New York City . She was born in October 1927 and died in her sleep of a stroke in September 1980 , at age 52 . She attended Millard Fillmore High School and was in the graduating class of 1943 . Her high school only had one reunion and that was the 30th , in 1973 , which she attended . There is not an exact date brought up when she met Archie , but the place was the Puritan Maid Ice Cream Parlor . In the episode `` Archie Goes Too Far '' Edith reads her diary and reveals that she was receiving letters in May 1943 from Archie while he was overseas serving in the Army Air Corps . Her character and accent changed somewhat between the first and second seasons . In the earliest episodes , she was the `` put - upon wife , '' often bemoaning ( though softly ) her husband 's behavior or comments : also during the first season , Jean Stapleton spoke more in her own range ( albeit with a pronounced accent ) , rather than the nasal , high pitched voice for which Edith is generally remembered . By the second season , she became the character more familiar to viewers : kind , utterly non-judgmental and fully dedicated to her husband . Also , in the first season , she pronounced her husband 's name as `` Ahchie '' or even `` Archie . '' In the 1st season 2nd episode `` Writing the President '' Edith remarks how before her marriage , in 1946 she got a job and started working for the `` Hercules Plumbing Company '' . By the second season , her husband became `` Awwchie . '' In the third season episode `` The Battle of the Month '' and fourth season episode `` Gloria Sings the Blues , '' Edith reveals that her parents almost divorced after a nasty fight and that although they stayed married , things were never the same between them . This deeply affected Edith and her views on marriage , marital fighting , as well as how to treat other people . In the fourth season episode `` Archie the Gambler , '' Edith reveals that her father was addicted to gambling and almost brought his family to ruin ( an experience which led Edith to put her foot down twice regarding Archie 's similar gambling problem ) .","sentences":["Edith Bunker was a ditzy but cheery and loving woman .","A native of New York City .","She was born in October 1927 and died in her sleep of a stroke in September 1980 , at age 52 .","She attended Millard Fillmore High School and was in the graduating class of 1943 .","Her high school only had one reunion and that was the 30th , in 1973 , which she attended .","There is not an exact date brought up when she met Archie , but the place was the Puritan Maid Ice Cream Parlor .","In the episode `` Archie Goes Too Far '' Edith reads her diary and reveals that she was receiving letters in May 1943 from Archie while he was overseas serving in the Army Air Corps .","Her character and accent changed somewhat between the first and second seasons .","In the earliest episodes , she was the `` put - upon wife , '' often bemoaning ( though softly ) her husband 's behavior or comments : also during the first season , Jean Stapleton spoke more in her own range ( albeit with a pronounced accent ) , rather than the nasal , high pitched voice for which Edith is generally remembered .","By the second season , she became the character more familiar to viewers : kind , utterly non-judgmental and fully dedicated to her husband .","Also , in the first season , she pronounced her husband 's name as `` Ahchie '' or even `` Archie . ''","In the 1st season 2nd episode `` Writing the President '' Edith remarks how before her marriage , in 1946 she got a job and started working for the `` Hercules Plumbing Company '' .","By the second season , her husband became `` Awwchie . ''","In the third season episode `` The Battle of the Month '' and fourth season episode `` Gloria Sings the Blues , '' Edith reveals that her parents almost divorced after a nasty fight and that although they stayed married , things were never the same between them .","This deeply affected Edith and her views on marriage , marital fighting , as well as how to treat other people .","In the fourth season episode `` Archie the Gambler , '' Edith reveals that her father was addicted to gambling and almost brought his family to ruin ( an experience which led Edith to put her foot down twice regarding Archie 's similar gambling problem ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8508838578674001370","input":"where was the last house on the left 2009 filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Last House on the Left (2009 film)","text":"The San Francisco Chronicle 's Peter Hartlaub felt the remake departed from the traditional template used by more recent remakes -- `` include twice as many kills , ( find ) boring young actors from TV shows , rewrite the script so you lose everything interesting about the original , ( and ) make up an excuse to add cell phones '' -- which ultimately made it far more effective . Hartlaub cited the script , which he felt devoted as much time to character development as `` carnage '' , and the `` good acting '' , particularly Tony Goldwyn , as reasons why this remake succeeds . Kyle Smith , of the New York Post , agreed that the film succeeded where other remakes had failed . For Smith , it was the replacement of the `` quick - cutting , loud noises and camera tricks '' clich\u00e9s with `` long takes , genuinely disturbing violence and stretches with no dialogue to pin you to the story '' , which made this film more effective . Smith also commended Dillahunt 's acting , as well as Iliadis 's `` casual , matter - of - fact approach that multiplies the horror to an almost unbearable level '' . In contrast , USA Today 's Claudia Puig stated that director Dennis Iliadis failed at trying to keep the film from becoming another `` torture porn '' . Puig felt that the killing scenes were too drawn out , noting the technique was down to heighten the effect , but actually comes across more as `` repugnant and fetishized violence '' . She also noted that the parents seemed to find enjoyment in exacting their revenge , even when their daughter lay dying in the next room . Joe Neumaier of the New York Daily News was in agreement with Puig when he referred to the film as `` stomach - churningly anti-human '' because of its violence , and questioned why Goldwyn and Potter even signed on to the film . Neumaier suggests that the film 's violence fails to create the sense of `` theatricality of the Saw or Hostel films '' , or even provide audiences with `` the unkillable - monster nostalgia of ( the ) Friday the 13th re-do '' . Neumaier also states that the 2009 film lacks the reasoning to exist that Craven 's 1972 original had , which was to push the `` boundaries of cinema 's new permissiveness '' .","sentences":["The San Francisco Chronicle 's Peter Hartlaub felt the remake departed from the traditional template used by more recent remakes -- `` include twice as many kills , ( find ) boring young actors from TV shows , rewrite the script so you lose everything interesting about the original , ( and ) make up an excuse to add cell phones '' -- which ultimately made it far more effective .","Hartlaub cited the script , which he felt devoted as much time to character development as `` carnage '' , and the `` good acting '' , particularly Tony Goldwyn , as reasons why this remake succeeds .","Kyle Smith , of the New York Post , agreed that the film succeeded where other remakes had failed .","For Smith , it was the replacement of the `` quick - cutting , loud noises and camera tricks '' clich\u00e9s with `` long takes , genuinely disturbing violence and stretches with no dialogue to pin you to the story '' , which made this film more effective .","Smith also commended Dillahunt 's acting , as well as Iliadis 's `` casual , matter - of - fact approach that multiplies the horror to an almost unbearable level '' .","In contrast , USA Today 's Claudia Puig stated that director Dennis Iliadis failed at trying to keep the film from becoming another `` torture porn '' .","Puig felt that the killing scenes were too drawn out , noting the technique was down to heighten the effect , but actually comes across more as `` repugnant and fetishized violence '' .","She also noted that the parents seemed to find enjoyment in exacting their revenge , even when their daughter lay dying in the next room .","Joe Neumaier of the New York Daily News was in agreement with Puig when he referred to the film as `` stomach - churningly anti-human '' because of its violence , and questioned why Goldwyn and Potter even signed on to the film .","Neumaier suggests that the film 's violence fails to create the sense of `` theatricality of the Saw or Hostel films '' , or even provide audiences with `` the unkillable - monster nostalgia of ( the ) Friday the 13th re-do '' .","Neumaier also states that the 2009 film lacks the reasoning to exist that Craven 's 1972 original had , which was to push the `` boundaries of cinema 's new permissiveness '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7129204390967147708","input":"who was the last person to become india's president who was born in 19th century","passages":[{"title":"Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan","text":"His Excellency Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 2nd President of India In office 14 May 1962 -- 13 May 1967 Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru Gulzarilal Nanda ( Acting ) Lal Bahadur Shastri Gulzarilal Nanda ( Acting ) Indira Gandhi Vice President Zakir Hussain Preceded by Rajendra Prasad Succeeded by Zakir Hussain 1st Vice President of India In office 26 January 1952 -- 12 May 1962 President Rajendra Prasad Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru Succeeded by Zakir Hussain Personal details ( 1888 - 09 - 05 ) 5 September 1888 Thiruttani , Madras Presidency , British India 17 April 1975 ( 1975 - 04 - 17 ) ( aged 86 ) Madras , Tamil Nadu , India Political party Independent Spouse ( s ) Sivakamu Children 5 ( daughters ) 1 ( son ) Alma mater University of Madras Profession Philosopher Professor Awards Bharat Ratna ( in 1954 )","sentences":["His Excellency Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 2nd President of India","In office 14 May 1962 -- 13 May 1967 Prime Minister Jawaharlal","Nehru Gulzarilal Nanda ( Acting )","Lal Bahadur Shastri Gulzarilal Nanda ( Acting )","Indira Gandhi Vice President Zakir Hussain Preceded by Rajendra Prasad Succeeded by Zakir Hussain 1st Vice President of India In office 26 January 1952 --","12 May 1962 President Rajendra Prasad Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru Succeeded by Zakir Hussain Personal details ( 1888 - 09 - 05 ) 5 September 1888 Thiruttani , Madras Presidency , British India 17 April 1975 ( 1975 - 04 - 17 ) ( aged 86 )","Madras , Tamil Nadu , India Political party Independent Spouse ( s ) Sivakamu Children 5 ( daughters ) 1 ( son )","Alma mater University of Madras Profession Philosopher Professor Awards Bharat Ratna ( in 1954 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"351111546237160365","input":"why is the sequence of nitrogen bases in dna important","passages":[{"title":"Nitrogenous base","text":"In the biological sciences , nitrogenous bases are increasingly termed nucleobases because of their role in nucleic acids - their flat shape is particularly important when considering their roles as the building blocks of DNA and RNA . A set of five nitrogenous bases is used in the construction of nucleotides , which in turn build up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA . These nitrogenous bases are adenine ( A ) , uracil ( U ) , guanine ( G ) , thymine ( T ) , and cytosine ( C ) . The nitrogenous bases form hydrogen bonds between opposing DNA strands to form the rungs of the `` twisted ladder '' or double helix of DNA or a biological catalyst that is found in the nucleotides . Adenine is always paired with thymine , and guanine is always paired with cytosine . These are known as base pairs . Uracil is only present in RNA , replacing thymine . Pyrimidines include thymine , cytosine , and uracil . They have a single ring structure . Purines include adenine and guanine . They have a double ring structure .","sentences":["In the biological sciences , nitrogenous bases are increasingly termed nucleobases because of their role in nucleic acids - their flat shape is particularly important when considering their roles as the building blocks of DNA and RNA .","A set of five nitrogenous bases is used in the construction of nucleotides , which in turn build up nucleic acids like DNA and RNA .","These nitrogenous bases are adenine ( A ) , uracil ( U ) , guanine ( G ) , thymine ( T ) , and cytosine ( C ) .","The nitrogenous bases form hydrogen bonds between opposing DNA strands to form the rungs of the `` twisted ladder '' or double helix of DNA or a biological catalyst that is found in the nucleotides .","Adenine is always paired with thymine , and guanine is always paired with cytosine .","These are known as base pairs .","Uracil is only present in RNA , replacing thymine .","Pyrimidines include thymine , cytosine , and uracil .","They have a single ring structure .","Purines include adenine and guanine .","They have a double ring structure ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-147996004153545986","input":"what is the percentages of races in the united states","passages":[{"title":"Race and ethnicity in the United States","text":"Patterns of original settlement settlement of the Americas by a variety of Native American peoples , including Alaska Natives . settlement of Pacific islands by Polynesian people , including Native Hawaiians , Samoans , the Chamorro people in Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands . settlement of Puerto Rico by the Ta\u00edno people . settlement of the United States Virgin Islands by the Ciboney , Carib , and Arawaks . Colonization Colonization of what is now eastern Canada and the area between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River as New France . Historical events , including the Expulsion of the Acadians , influenced the ethnic mix , especially in Louisiana , northern New England and New York State . Colonization of the Thirteen Colonies by the Dutch , British , and later immigrants such as Germans from northern Europe . Spanish colonization of the Americas , including Florida , the Southwest , and Puerto Rico , later acquired by the US . Denmark and other historical colonial powers influenced the ethnic makeup of what are now the United States Virgin Islands . The Atlantic slave trade , bringing millions of Africans to the South , Caribbean , and Latin America . Severe reduction of Native American populations in the contiguous United States , mostly because of new infectious diseases carried by European colonists , combined with warfare Forced migration Deportation and flight of United Empire Loyalists to Canada , the Caribbean and Britain after the American Revolution Forced removal of more than one million African Americans in the domestic slave trade from the Upper South to the Deep South during the early 19th century as Americans developed new lands for plantations Territorial conflict with Native Americans and the Indian removal policy of the 19th century displaced many remaining native populations from east of the Mississippi River to territories to the west , especially to what is now Oklahoma . Immigration Historical immigration to the United States from all countries of the world and throughout the history of the country , for religious , political and economic reasons . Since the late 19th century , the History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States and illegal immigration to the United States have influenced the ethnic balance of that immigration . Various groups have been denied entry due to discrimination , economic protectionism , and political conflict with their nation of origin . Other groups have received favored status , such as refugees and nationals of allied nations . Transatlantic migrations from Europe , especially in the 19th century , created ethnic enclaves in many eastern cities and settling many rural areas east of the Mississippi Immigration from Asia has had the most influence on Hawaii and the West Coast , but has also created predominantly Asian neighborhoods in many major cities across the country . Immigration from Mexico and other existing Latino populations has strongly influenced the Southwest . Westward expansion of the United States The Royal Proclamation of 1763 restricted the western boundary of European settlement to the watershed east of the Appalachian Mountains ; despite the Confederation Congress Proclamation of 1783 and Nonintercourse Acts prohibiting private purchase of Native American lands , the territory between the Mississippi River and Appalachian Mountains granted to the United States by the Treaty of Paris ( 1783 ) was gradually opened to white settlers through public purchase of Indian lands . The Homestead Act promoting settlement west of the Mississippi after the Louisiana Purchase Mormon settlement of Utah California Gold Rush Oregon Trail Klondike Gold Rush promoting settlement of Alaska Internal migration African Americans escaped from slavery , sometimes via the Underground Railroad , reaching the free North before the American Civil War . In the 20th century , to seek jobs and escape racial violence , African Americans left the South in the Great Migration and Second Great Migration , moving to Northern , Midwestern , and Western cities , where they had to compete with recent European immigrants . Especially as transportation systems have improved over the centuries , it has become relatively easy for many Americans to move from one part of the country to another , given the lack of internal borders and dominance of English in most areas . Many do so for reasons of economic opportunity , climate , or culture . The American Industrial Revolution , promoted urbanization of what was previously a largely agrarian society Railroads , promoting migration westwards and streetcar suburbs , created significant ethnic shifts in urban areas . Economics and natural disasters have driven migration , for example during the Dust Bowl , World War II , and since the decline of the Rust Belt Suburbanization period after World War II , with `` white flight '' to new housing and away from later social unrest , followed by `` black flight '' The majority of Native Hawaiians who moved to the mainland U.S. have settled in California . Air conditioning has promoted migration from northern areas to the Sun Belt , aided by states ' rules against union labor and having low taxes for businesses . The Jet Age promoted vacationing and part - time living in warmer areas ( snowbirding ) .","sentences":["Patterns of original settlement settlement of the Americas by a variety of Native American peoples , including Alaska Natives .","settlement of Pacific islands by Polynesian people , including Native Hawaiians , Samoans , the Chamorro people in Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands .","settlement of Puerto Rico by the Ta\u00edno people .","settlement of the United States Virgin Islands by the Ciboney , Carib , and Arawaks .","Colonization Colonization of what is now eastern Canada and the area between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River as New France .","Historical events , including the Expulsion of the Acadians , influenced the ethnic mix , especially in Louisiana , northern New England and New York State .","Colonization of the Thirteen Colonies by the Dutch , British , and later immigrants such as Germans from northern Europe .","Spanish colonization of the Americas , including Florida , the Southwest , and Puerto Rico , later acquired by the US .","Denmark and other historical colonial powers influenced the ethnic makeup of what are now the United States Virgin Islands .","The Atlantic slave trade , bringing millions of Africans to the South , Caribbean , and Latin America .","Severe reduction of Native American populations in the contiguous United States , mostly because of new infectious diseases carried by European colonists , combined with warfare Forced migration Deportation and flight of United Empire Loyalists to Canada , the Caribbean and Britain after the American Revolution Forced removal of more than one million African Americans in the domestic slave trade from the Upper South to the Deep South during the early 19th century as Americans developed new lands for plantations Territorial conflict with Native Americans and the Indian removal policy of the 19th century displaced many remaining native populations from east of the Mississippi River to territories to the west , especially to what is now Oklahoma .","Immigration Historical immigration to the United States from all countries of the world and throughout the history of the country , for religious , political and economic reasons .","Since the late 19th century , the History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States and illegal immigration to the United States have influenced the ethnic balance of that immigration .","Various groups have been denied entry due to discrimination , economic protectionism , and political conflict with their nation of origin .","Other groups have received favored status , such as refugees and nationals of allied nations .","Transatlantic migrations from Europe , especially in the 19th century , created ethnic enclaves in many eastern cities and settling many rural areas east of the Mississippi Immigration from Asia has had the most influence on Hawaii and the West Coast , but has also created predominantly Asian neighborhoods in many major cities across the country .","Immigration from Mexico and other existing Latino populations has strongly influenced the Southwest .","Westward expansion of the United States The Royal Proclamation of 1763 restricted the western boundary of European settlement to the watershed east of the Appalachian Mountains ; despite the Confederation Congress Proclamation of 1783 and Nonintercourse Acts prohibiting private purchase of Native American lands , the territory between the Mississippi River and Appalachian Mountains granted to the United States by the Treaty of Paris ( 1783 ) was gradually opened to white settlers through public purchase of Indian lands .","The Homestead Act promoting settlement west of the Mississippi after the Louisiana Purchase Mormon settlement of Utah California Gold Rush Oregon Trail Klondike Gold Rush promoting settlement of Alaska Internal migration African Americans escaped from slavery , sometimes via the Underground Railroad , reaching the free North before the American Civil War .","In the 20th century , to seek jobs and escape racial violence , African Americans left the South in the Great Migration and Second Great Migration , moving to Northern , Midwestern , and Western cities , where they had to compete with recent European immigrants .","Especially as transportation systems have improved over the centuries , it has become relatively easy for many Americans to move from one part of the country to another , given the lack of internal borders and dominance of English in most areas .","Many do so for reasons of economic opportunity , climate , or culture .","The American Industrial Revolution , promoted urbanization of what was previously a largely agrarian society Railroads , promoting migration westwards and streetcar suburbs , created significant ethnic shifts in urban areas .","Economics and natural disasters have driven migration , for example during the Dust Bowl , World War II , and since the decline of the Rust Belt Suburbanization period after World War II , with `` white flight '' to new housing and away from later social unrest , followed by `` black flight ''","The majority of Native Hawaiians who moved to the mainland U.S. have settled in California .","Air conditioning has promoted migration from northern areas to the Sun Belt , aided by states ' rules against union labor and having low taxes for businesses .","The Jet Age promoted vacationing and part - time living in warmer areas ( snowbirding ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1013603460604145023","input":"who coined the phrase revenge is a dish best served cold","passages":[{"title":"Revenge","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( September 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Justice","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( September 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Justice"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6272543407078686593","input":"what was the central feature of a roman townhouse","passages":[{"title":"Ancient Roman architecture","text":"When the framework was removed , the new wall was very strong , with a rough surface of bricks or stones . This surface could be smoothed and faced with an attractive stucco or thin panels of marble or other coloured stones called revetment . Concrete construction proved to be more flexible and less costly than building solid stone buildings . The materials were readily available and not difficult to transport . The wooden frames could be used more than once , allowing builders to work quickly and efficiently . Concrete is arguably the Roman contribution most relevant to modern architecture .","sentences":["When the framework was removed , the new wall was very strong , with a rough surface of bricks or stones .","This surface could be smoothed and faced with an attractive stucco or thin panels of marble or other coloured stones called revetment .","Concrete construction proved to be more flexible and less costly than building solid stone buildings .","The materials were readily available and not difficult to transport .","The wooden frames could be used more than once , allowing builders to work quickly and efficiently .","Concrete is arguably the Roman contribution most relevant to modern architecture ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2586708256228177568","input":"who is magi in the gift of magi","passages":[{"title":"The Gift of the Magi","text":"The story has been adapted to films , The Sacrifice ( 1909 ) , Love 's Surprises Are Futile ( 1916 ) , The Gift of the Magi ( 1917 ) , a segment of O. Henry 's Full House ( 1952 ) , The Gift of Love ( 1978 ) , The Gift of the Magi ( 1958 ) , Dary mag\u00f3w ( Poland , 1972 ) , Christmas Eve on Sesame Street ( 1978 ) , I 'll not be a gangster , love ( \u041d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0433\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c , \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044f \/ Neb\u016bsiu gangsteriu , brangioji , USSR , 1978 ) , Mickey 's Once Upon a Christmas ( 1999 ) , The Gift of the Magi ( 2004 ) and the short film for the Irish band The Script in 2010 called For the First Time . Love , another French movie , based some of its scenes on this story . Raincoat ( 2004 ) , a Hindi film directed by Rituparno Ghosh is an adaptation of the story . The Greek film directed by Ismene Daskarolis ( 2014 ) places it in the economical crisis of Greece today . The Mexican film Nosotros los pobres includes this tale as a small sub-plot . There is also a Bulgarian short film adaptation known as `` Darovete na vlahvite '' ( 2013 ) directed by Ivan Abadjiev .","sentences":["The story has been adapted to films , The Sacrifice ( 1909 ) , Love 's Surprises Are Futile ( 1916 ) , The Gift of the Magi ( 1917 ) , a segment of O. Henry 's Full House ( 1952 ) , The Gift of Love ( 1978 ) , The Gift of the Magi ( 1958 ) , Dary mag\u00f3w ( Poland , 1972 ) , Christmas Eve on Sesame Street ( 1978 ) , I 'll not be a gangster , love ( \u041d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0433\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c , \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044f \/ Neb\u016bsiu gangsteriu , brangioji , USSR , 1978 ) , Mickey 's Once Upon a Christmas ( 1999 ) , The Gift of the Magi ( 2004 ) and the short film for the Irish band The Script in 2010 called For the First Time .","Love , another French movie , based some of its scenes on this story .","Raincoat ( 2004 ) , a Hindi film directed by Rituparno Ghosh is an adaptation of the story .","The Greek film directed by Ismene Daskarolis ( 2014 ) places it in the economical crisis of Greece today .","The Mexican film Nosotros los pobres includes this tale as a small sub-plot .","There is also a Bulgarian short film adaptation known as `` Darovete na vlahvite '' ( 2013 ) directed by Ivan Abadjiev ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5986080962580583208","input":"what was happening in 1963 around the world","passages":[{"title":"1963","text":"March 4 -- In Paris , six people are sentenced to death for conspiring to assassinate President Charles de Gaulle . De Gaulle pardons five , but the other conspirator , Jean Bastien - Thiry , is executed by firing squad several days later . March 5 -- In Camden , Tennessee , country music superstar Patsy Cline ( Virginia Patterson Hensley ) is killed in a plane crash along with fellow performers Hawkshaw Hawkins , Cowboy Copas and Cline 's manager and pilot Randy Hughes , while returning from a benefit performance in Kansas City , Kansas , for country radio disc jockey `` Cactus '' Jack Call . March 17 -- Mount Agung erupts on Bali , killing approximately 1,500 . March 18 -- Gideon v. Wainwright : The Supreme Court of the United States rules that state courts are required to provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants who can not afford to pay their own attorneys . March 21 -- The Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay closes ; the last 27 prisoners are transferred elsewhere at the order of United States Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy . March 22 -- The Beatles release their first album , Please Please Me , in the United Kingdom . March 23 -- Dansevise by Grethe & J\u00f8rgen Ingmann ( music by Otto Francker , text by Sejr Volmer - S\u00f8rensen ) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1963 for Denmark . March","sentences":["March 4 -- In Paris , six people are sentenced to death for conspiring to assassinate President Charles de Gaulle .","De Gaulle pardons five , but the other conspirator , Jean Bastien - Thiry , is executed by firing squad several days later .","March 5 -- In Camden , Tennessee , country music superstar Patsy Cline ( Virginia Patterson Hensley ) is killed in a plane crash along with fellow performers Hawkshaw Hawkins , Cowboy Copas and Cline 's manager and pilot Randy Hughes , while returning from a benefit performance in Kansas City , Kansas , for country radio disc jockey `` Cactus '' Jack Call .","March 17 -- Mount Agung erupts on Bali , killing approximately 1,500 .","March 18 -- Gideon v. Wainwright : The Supreme Court of the United States rules that state courts are required to provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants who can not afford to pay their own attorneys .","March 21 -- The Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay closes ; the last 27 prisoners are transferred elsewhere at the order of United States Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy .","March 22 --","The Beatles release their first album , Please Please Me , in the United Kingdom .","March 23 -- Dansevise by Grethe & J\u00f8rgen Ingmann ( music by Otto Francker , text by Sejr Volmer - S\u00f8rensen ) wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1963 for Denmark .","March"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1200428273219410536","input":"why gram positive bacteria are called gram positive","passages":[{"title":"Gram-positive bacteria","text":"In contrast to Gram - positive bacteria , all archetypical Gram - negative bacteria are bounded by a cytoplasmic membrane and an outer cell membrane ; they contain only a thin layer of peptidoglycan ( 2 -- 3 nm ) between these membranes . The presence of inner and outer cell membranes defines a new compartment in these cells : the periplasmic space or the periplasmic compartment . These bacteria have been designated as `` diderm bacteria . '' The distinction between the monoderm and diderm bacteria is supported by conserved signature indels in a number of important proteins ( viz . DnaK , GroEL ) . Of these two structurally distinct groups of bacteria , monoderms are indicated to be ancestral . Based upon a number of observations including that the Gram - positive bacteria are the major producers of antibiotics and that , in general , Gram - negative bacteria are resistant to them , it has been proposed that the outer cell membrane in Gram - negative bacteria ( diderms ) has evolved as a protective mechanism against antibiotic selection pressure . Some bacteria , such as Deinococcus , which stain Gram - positive due to the presence of a thick peptidoglycan layer and also possess an outer cell membrane are suggested as intermediates in the transition between monoderm ( Gram - positive ) and diderm ( Gram - negative ) bacteria . The diderm bacteria can also be further differentiated between simple diderms lacking lipopolysaccharide , the archetypical diderm bacteria where the outer cell membrane contains lipopolysaccharide , and the diderm bacteria where outer cell membrane is made up of mycolic acid .","sentences":["In contrast to Gram - positive bacteria , all archetypical Gram - negative bacteria are bounded by a cytoplasmic membrane and an outer cell membrane ; they contain only a thin layer of peptidoglycan ( 2 -- 3 nm ) between these membranes .","The presence of inner and outer cell membranes defines a new compartment in these cells : the periplasmic space or the periplasmic compartment .","These bacteria have been designated as `` diderm bacteria . ''","The distinction between the monoderm and diderm bacteria is supported by conserved signature indels in a number of important proteins ( viz .","DnaK , GroEL ) .","Of these two structurally distinct groups of bacteria , monoderms are indicated to be ancestral .","Based upon a number of observations including that the Gram - positive bacteria are the major producers of antibiotics and that , in general , Gram - negative bacteria are resistant to them , it has been proposed that the outer cell membrane in Gram - negative bacteria ( diderms ) has evolved as a protective mechanism against antibiotic selection pressure .","Some bacteria , such as Deinococcus , which stain Gram - positive due to the presence of a thick peptidoglycan layer and also possess an outer cell membrane are suggested as intermediates in the transition between monoderm ( Gram - positive ) and diderm ( Gram - negative ) bacteria .","The diderm bacteria can also be further differentiated between simple diderms lacking lipopolysaccharide , the archetypical diderm bacteria where the outer cell membrane contains lipopolysaccharide , and the diderm bacteria where outer cell membrane is made up of mycolic acid ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3713030802147513616","input":"what is the product of 5 and 12","passages":[{"title":"Mental calculation","text":"If only one digit in b is larger than its corresponding digit in a , diminish the offending digit in b until it is equal to its corresponding digit in a . Then subtract further the amount b was diminished by from a . For example , to calculate 872 \u2212 92 , turn the problem into 872 \u2212 72 = 800 . Then subtract 20 from 800 : 780 . If more than one digit in b is larger than its corresponding digit in a , it may be easier to find how much must be added to b to get a . For example , to calculate 8192 \u2212 732 , we can add 8 to 732 ( resulting in 740 ) , then add 60 ( to get 800 ) , then 200 ( for 1000 ) . Next , add 192 to arrive at 1192 , and , finally , add 7000 to get 8192 . Our final answer is 7460 . Another technique we can use is rounding off one of the digits ( Either the larger digit or the smaller digit to the nearest number preferably containing a single non-zero digit ) . For example , to calculate 8192 - 732 we can round off 732 to 1000 by adding 268 ( We can find the value 268 by quickly subtracting 732 from 1000 mentally . Our brain finds it easier in dealing with rounded figures . ) to it . Then we can subtract 1000 from 8192 and obtain 7192 as the answer . Now we can add 268 to 7192 to obtain 7460 as the answer . Alternatively we can exchange numbers to round off figures as in the given problem . For example , For calculating 8192 - 732 we can simply add 268 to both sides resulting in 8460 - 1000 , which is easier to calculate , resulting in 7460 . One needs to be prudent in selecting which number to be rounded off . For calculating 8192 - 732 we can round off 8192 to 9000 by adding 808 . Then we calculate 9000 - 732 resulting in 8268 . Then we can subtract 808 from 8268 to get 7460 as our answer . But as we can observe , we made the calculations difficult and lengthy . We may also perform the calculation in the traditional way but in a smart manner . For calculating 8192 - 732 we can eliminate the 2 in units place i.e. replace them with 0 . Then we can subtract 3 from 9 yielding in 6 . Finally we can subtract 7 from 81 yielding in 74 . Then we just need to rearrange the pieces to get 7460 as the answer It might be easier to start from the left ( the big numbers ) first .","sentences":["If only one digit in b is larger than its corresponding digit in a , diminish the offending digit in b until it is equal to its corresponding digit in a .","Then subtract further the amount b was diminished by from a .","For example , to calculate 872 \u2212 92 , turn the problem into 872 \u2212 72 = 800 .","Then subtract 20 from 800 : 780 .","If more than one digit in b is larger than its corresponding digit in a , it may be easier to find how much must be added to b to get a .","For example , to calculate 8192 \u2212 732 , we can add 8 to 732 ( resulting in 740 ) , then add 60 ( to get 800 ) , then 200 ( for 1000 ) .","Next , add 192 to arrive at 1192 , and , finally , add 7000 to get 8192 .","Our final answer is 7460 .","Another technique we can use is rounding off one of the digits ( Either the larger digit or the smaller digit to the nearest number preferably containing a single non-zero digit ) .","For example , to calculate 8192 - 732 we can round off 732 to 1000 by adding 268 ( We can find the value 268 by quickly subtracting 732 from 1000 mentally .","Our brain finds it easier in dealing with rounded figures . )","to it .","Then we can subtract 1000 from 8192 and obtain 7192 as the answer .","Now we can add 268 to 7192 to obtain 7460 as the answer .","Alternatively we can exchange numbers to round off figures as in the given problem .","For example , For calculating 8192 - 732 we can simply add 268 to both sides resulting in 8460 - 1000 , which is easier to calculate , resulting in 7460 .","One needs to be prudent in selecting which number to be rounded off .","For calculating 8192 - 732 we can round off 8192 to 9000 by adding 808 .","Then we calculate 9000 - 732 resulting in 8268 .","Then we can subtract 808 from 8268 to get 7460 as our answer .","But as we can observe , we made the calculations difficult and lengthy .","We may also perform the calculation in the traditional way but in a smart manner .","For calculating 8192 - 732 we can eliminate the 2 in units place i.e. replace them with 0 .","Then we can subtract 3 from 9 yielding in 6 .","Finally we can subtract 7 from 81 yielding in 74 .","Then we just need to rearrange the pieces to get 7460 as the answer It might be easier to start from the left ( the big numbers ) first ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4227677899928480731","input":"what is in the doki doki literature club dlc","passages":[{"title":"Doki Doki Literature Club!","text":"The player is sent back to the main menu , with all previous save files erased . The game starts as usual , but what used to be Sayori 's text and name is replaced with unreadable text . The game suddenly glitches and restarts ; however , Sayori is absent , and any previous references to her are either completely removed or replaced by glitches and meshes of portions of other characters ' sprites . Monika instead invites the protagonist to the club . Unsettling events begin occurring : the game rewinds after the protagonist finds Yuri cutting herself , features disturbing bad endings such as Natsuki 's neck snapping , and refuses to accept dialog options that do not favor Monika . Just before the festival , Yuri presents the protagonist with a stained , illegible poem , and apparitions of a faceless Natsuki appear . Yuri later confesses her love to the protagonist , then stabs herself to death . Due to another glitch , the protagonist unwittingly spends the weekend sitting by her body . On Monday , Natsuki enters , vomits at the sight of Yuri 's corpse , and flees . Monika then appears , apologizes , and deletes the `` character files '' for Yuri and Natsuki , causing the game to restart once again .","sentences":["The player is sent back to the main menu , with all previous save files erased .","The game starts as usual , but what used to be Sayori 's text and name is replaced with unreadable text .","The game suddenly glitches and restarts ; however , Sayori is absent , and any previous references to her are either completely removed or replaced by glitches and meshes of portions of other characters ' sprites .","Monika instead invites the protagonist to the club .","Unsettling events begin occurring : the game rewinds after the protagonist finds Yuri cutting herself , features disturbing bad endings such as Natsuki 's neck snapping , and refuses to accept dialog options that do not favor Monika .","Just before the festival , Yuri presents the protagonist with a stained , illegible poem , and apparitions of a faceless Natsuki appear .","Yuri later confesses her love to the protagonist , then stabs herself to death .","Due to another glitch , the protagonist unwittingly spends the weekend sitting by her body .","On Monday , Natsuki enters , vomits at the sight of Yuri 's corpse , and flees .","Monika then appears , apologizes , and deletes the `` character files '' for Yuri and Natsuki , causing the game to restart once again ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7051855342717321830","input":"where did the earliest civilizations emerge why there","passages":[{"title":"Cradle of civilization","text":"The developed Neolithic cultures belonging to the phases Pre-Pottery Neolithic A ( 10,200 BC ) and Pre-Pottery Neolithic B ( 7600 to 6000 BC ) appeared in the fertile crescent and from there spread eastwards and westwards . Contemporaneously , a grain - grinding culture using the earliest type of sickle blades had replaced the culture of hunters , fishers , and gathering people using stone tools along the Nile . Geological evidence and computer climate modeling studies also suggest that natural climate changes around 8000 BC began to desiccate the extensive pastoral lands of northern Africa , eventually forming the Sahara . Continued desiccation forced the early ancestors of the Egyptians to settle around the Nile more permanently and to adopt a more sedentary lifestyle . By about 5500 BC , small tribes living in the Nile valley had developed into a series of inter-related cultures as far south as Sudan , demonstrating firm control of agriculture and animal husbandry , and identifiable by their pottery and personal items , such as combs , bracelets , and beads . The largest of these early cultures in upper ( Southern ) Egypt was the Badari , which probably originated in the Western Desert ; it was known for its high quality ceramics , stone tools , and use of copper . The oldest known domesticated bovine in Africa are from Fayum dating to around 4400 BC . The Badari cultures was followed by the Naqada culture , which brought a number of technological improvements . As early as the first Naqada Period , Amratia , Egyptians imported obsidian from Ethiopia , used to shape blades and other objects from flakes . By 3300 BC , just before the first Egyptian dynasty , Egypt was divided into two kingdoms , known as Upper Egypt to the south , and Lower Egypt to the north .","sentences":["The developed Neolithic cultures belonging to the phases Pre-Pottery Neolithic A ( 10,200 BC ) and Pre-Pottery Neolithic B ( 7600 to 6000 BC ) appeared in the fertile crescent and from there spread eastwards and westwards .","Contemporaneously , a grain - grinding culture using the earliest type of sickle blades had replaced the culture of hunters , fishers , and gathering people using stone tools along the Nile .","Geological evidence and computer climate modeling studies also suggest that natural climate changes around 8000 BC began to desiccate the extensive pastoral lands of northern Africa , eventually forming the Sahara .","Continued desiccation forced the early ancestors of the Egyptians to settle around the Nile more permanently and to adopt a more sedentary lifestyle .","By about 5500 BC , small tribes living in the Nile valley had developed into a series of inter-related cultures as far south as Sudan , demonstrating firm control of agriculture and animal husbandry , and identifiable by their pottery and personal items , such as combs , bracelets , and beads .","The largest of these early cultures in upper ( Southern ) Egypt was the Badari , which probably originated in the Western Desert ; it was known for its high quality ceramics , stone tools , and use of copper .","The oldest known domesticated bovine in Africa are from Fayum dating to around 4400 BC .","The Badari cultures was followed by the Naqada culture , which brought a number of technological improvements .","As early as the first Naqada Period , Amratia , Egyptians imported obsidian from Ethiopia , used to shape blades and other objects from flakes .","By 3300 BC , just before the first Egyptian dynasty , Egypt was divided into two kingdoms , known as Upper Egypt to the south , and Lower Egypt to the north ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3007091317310168067","input":"who is the actor that plays jupiter in shameless","passages":[{"title":"Shameless (season 6)","text":"Debbie gains pregnancy support from an unlikely source , Frank . Meanwhile , Fiona tells Debbie she is pregnant and wants both of them to get an abortion . Carl chases after a girl , while reaping the benefits of his current criminal scheme . Lip and Ian butt heads and fists , as they realize that they are both very different people now . Frank hosts new property guests . Kev and Fiona both get sent on emotional guilt trips . Kev 's leads to almost getting his neighbors killed ; while Fiona experiences a fiery reunion with her husband , Gus .","sentences":["Debbie gains pregnancy support from an unlikely source , Frank .","Meanwhile , Fiona tells Debbie she is pregnant and wants both of them to get an abortion .","Carl chases after a girl , while reaping the benefits of his current criminal scheme .","Lip and Ian butt heads and fists , as they realize that they are both very different people now .","Frank hosts new property guests .","Kev and Fiona both get sent on emotional guilt trips .","Kev 's leads to almost getting his neighbors killed ; while Fiona experiences a fiery reunion with her husband , Gus ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-210900771115850428","input":"when is it considered stealing from a store","passages":[{"title":"Shoplifting","text":"If I am careful and smart , I will not get caught . Even if I do get caught , I will not be turned in and prosecuted . Even if I am prosecuted , the punishment will not be severe . The merchants deserve what they get . Everybody , at some time or another , has shoplifted ; therefore it 's OK for me to do . Shoplifting is not a major crime . I must have the item I want to shoplift or if I want it , I should have it . It is okay to shoplift because the merchants expect it .","sentences":["If I am careful and smart , I will not get caught .","Even if I do get caught , I will not be turned in and prosecuted .","Even if I am prosecuted , the punishment will not be severe .","The merchants deserve what they get .","Everybody , at some time or another , has shoplifted ; therefore it 's OK for me to do .","Shoplifting is not a major crime .","I must have the item I want to shoplift or if I want it , I should have it .","It is okay to shoplift because the merchants expect it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5160803600548338852","input":"where did the last name avila come from","passages":[{"title":"Alex Avila","text":"He fared much better in the second half , hitting . 281 over the season 's final three months , including batting . 343 in September ( 23 - for - 67 ) . Avila hit the first grand slam of his career on July 30 , 2013 , against Washington Nationals pitcher Stephen Strasburg . In an August 5 game against the Cleveland Indians , a team the Tigers battled for first place in the AL Central all year , Alex clubbed a game - winning three - run homer in the top of the ninth inning off Indians closer Chris Perez . On September 15 , Alex drove in all of the Tigers runs with two homers , including a go - ahead solo shot in the eighth inning , helping the Tigers to a crucial 3 -- 2 win over the Kansas City Royals . He would finish the season batting . 227 with 11 home runs and 47 RBI . 2014","sentences":["He fared much better in the second half , hitting .","281 over the season 's final three months , including batting .","343 in September ( 23 - for - 67 ) .","Avila hit the first grand slam of his career on July 30 , 2013 , against Washington Nationals pitcher Stephen Strasburg .","In an August 5 game against the Cleveland Indians , a team the Tigers battled for first place in the AL Central all year , Alex clubbed a game - winning three - run homer in the top of the ninth inning off Indians closer Chris Perez .","On September 15 , Alex drove in all of the Tigers runs with two homers , including a go - ahead solo shot in the eighth inning , helping the Tigers to a crucial 3 -- 2 win over the Kansas City Royals .","He would finish the season batting .","227 with 11 home runs and 47 RBI .","2014"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"630305539735270706","input":"where was the film the birthday party filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Birthday Party (film)","text":"A man in his late 30s named Stanley is staying at a seaside boarding house , when he is visited by two menacing and mysterious strangers , Goldberg and McCann . Stanley 's neighbour , Lulu , brings him a parcel , which contains a boy 's toy drum , presented to Stanley as his `` birthday present . '' Goldberg and McCann offer to host Stanley 's birthday party after his landlady , Meg , tells them that it is Stanley 's birthday , although Stanley protests that it is really not his birthday . Through the course of the party , the actions of Goldberg and McCann eventually break down Stanley , and they take him away from the house , purportedly to get medical attention ( from `` Monty '' ) in their car . Meg 's husband Petey ( who did not attend the party because he was out playing chess ) calls after Stanley : `` Stan , do n't let them tell you what to do '' . Meg , still somewhat hung over , is unaware that Stanley has been taken away , since Petey has not told her , and she tells him that she was `` the belle of the ball . ''","sentences":["A man in his late 30s named Stanley is staying at a seaside boarding house , when he is visited by two menacing and mysterious strangers , Goldberg and McCann .","Stanley 's neighbour , Lulu , brings him a parcel , which contains a boy 's toy drum , presented to Stanley as his `` birthday present . ''","Goldberg and McCann offer to host Stanley 's birthday party after his landlady , Meg , tells them that it is Stanley 's birthday , although Stanley protests that it is really not his birthday .","Through the course of the party , the actions of Goldberg and McCann eventually break down Stanley , and they take him away from the house , purportedly to get medical attention ( from `` Monty '' ) in their car .","Meg 's husband Petey ( who did not attend the party because he was out playing chess ) calls after Stanley : `` Stan , do n't let them tell you what to do '' .","Meg , still somewhat hung over , is unaware that Stanley has been taken away , since Petey has not told her , and she tells him that she was `` the belle of the ball . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3955035297090854758","input":"which territory was adjacent to the slave state of missouri","passages":[{"title":"Missouri Compromise","text":"To balance the number of `` slave states '' and `` free states '' , the northern region of what was then Massachusetts , the District of Maine , ultimately gained admission into the United States as a free state to become Maine . This only occurred as a result of a compromise involving slavery in Missouri , and in the federal territories of the American West . The admission of another slave state would increase the South 's power at a time when northern politicians had already begun to regret the Constitution 's Three - Fifths Compromise . Although more than 60 percent of whites in the United States lived in the North , by 1818 northern representatives held only a slim majority of congressional seats . The additional political representation allotted to the South as a result of the Three - Fifths Compromise gave southerners more seats in the House of Representatives than they would have had if the number was based on just free population . Moreover , since each state had two Senate seats , Missouri 's admission as a slave state would result in more southern than northern senators . A bill to enable the people of the Missouri Territory to draft a constitution and form a government preliminary to admission into the Union came before the House of Representatives in Committee of the Whole , on February 13 , 1819 . James Tallmadge of New York offered an amendment , named the Tallmadge Amendment , that forbade further introduction of slaves into Missouri , and mandated that all children of slave parents born in the state after its admission should be free at the age of 25 . The committee adopted the measure and incorporated it into the bill as finally passed on February 17 , 1819 , by the house . The United States Senate refused to concur with the amendment , and the whole measure was lost .","sentences":["To balance the number of `` slave states '' and `` free states '' , the northern region of what was then Massachusetts , the District of Maine , ultimately gained admission into the United States as a free state to become Maine .","This only occurred as a result of a compromise involving slavery in Missouri , and in the federal territories of the American West .","The admission of another slave state would increase the South 's power at a time when northern politicians had already begun to regret the Constitution 's Three - Fifths Compromise .","Although more than 60 percent of whites in the United States lived in the North , by 1818 northern representatives held only a slim majority of congressional seats .","The additional political representation allotted to the South as a result of the Three - Fifths Compromise gave southerners more seats in the House of Representatives than they would have had if the number was based on just free population .","Moreover , since each state had two Senate seats , Missouri 's admission as a slave state would result in more southern than northern senators .","A bill to enable the people of the Missouri Territory to draft a constitution and form a government preliminary to admission into the Union came before the House of Representatives in Committee of the Whole , on February 13 , 1819 .","James Tallmadge of New York offered an amendment , named the Tallmadge Amendment , that forbade further introduction of slaves into Missouri , and mandated that all children of slave parents born in the state after its admission should be free at the age of 25 .","The committee adopted the measure and incorporated it into the bill as finally passed on February 17 , 1819 , by the house .","The United States Senate refused to concur with the amendment , and the whole measure was lost ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1041127698904506791","input":"why are the coefficients of static and kinetic friction different","passages":[{"title":"Friction","text":"Static friction is friction between two or more solid objects that are not moving relative to each other . For example , static friction can prevent an object from sliding down a sloped surface . The coefficient of static friction , typically denoted as \u03bc , is usually higher than the coefficient of kinetic friction . Static friction is considered to arise as the result of surface roughness features across multiple length - scales at solid surfaces . These features , known as asperities are present down to nano - scale dimensions and result in true solid to solid contact existing only at a limited number of points accounting for only a fraction of the apparent or nominal contact area . The linearity between applied load and true contact area , arising from asperity deformation , gives rise to the linearity between static frictional force and normal force , found for typical Amonton - Coulomb type friction .","sentences":["Static friction is friction between two or more solid objects that are not moving relative to each other .","For example , static friction can prevent an object from sliding down a sloped surface .","The coefficient of static friction , typically denoted as \u03bc , is usually higher than the coefficient of kinetic friction .","Static friction is considered to arise as the result of surface roughness features across multiple length - scales at solid surfaces .","These features , known as asperities are present down to nano - scale dimensions and result in true solid to solid contact existing only at a limited number of points accounting for only a fraction of the apparent or nominal contact area .","The linearity between applied load and true contact area , arising from asperity deformation , gives rise to the linearity between static frictional force and normal force , found for typical Amonton - Coulomb type friction ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4695635770021421887","input":"where is the show sam and cat filmed","passages":[{"title":"Sam & Cat","text":"Zoran Korach as Goomer , a professional mixed martial artist who trains at Punchy 's Gym . He is 27 years old but has the mental ability of someone much younger . He is very dim - witted and easily confused . Despite his childish nature , he is very good at fighting . Dice took over his management after his original manager claimed Goomer was `` too stupid to manage '' . Griffin Kane and Emily Skinner as Max and Chloe , a brother and sister who , alongside their baby brother Darby , were among the less rambunctious kids babysat by Nona ; Sam and Cat babysit them now . They appear in episodes `` # Pilot '' , `` # NewGoat '' , and `` # PeezyB '' . Sophia Grace Brownlee & Rosie McClelland as Gwen and Ruby , British girls whom Sam and Cat babysit in the episode `` # TheBritBrats '' . At first they seem polite , but later they behave quite rudely . They are experienced con artists who bilk Dice out of $500 and Cat out of her bicycle . In a loose parody of The Sting , Sam concocts a rigged bingo game to trick the British brats into surrendering Dice 's money and Cat 's bike . They also were in `` # RevengeOfTheBritBrats '' where they return and drive a wedge between Sam and Cat . This plan failed when Sam and Cat caught onto their plans . Dan Schneider as the voice of Tandy , a red robot that works at the restaurant `` Bots '' as a waiter . Lisa Lillien as the voice of Bungle , a blue female robot that works at the restaurant `` Bots '' as a waitress . Nick Gore as Randy , a kid who appeared numerous times in the show and is constantly introducing himself . Randy was originally supposed to appear in one episode , but the creator of the show , Dan Schneider , found him funny so he became a recurring character . Ronnie Clark as Herb , a man who pretends to be homeless , but he is in fact rich and owns a condo . Cyrus Arnold as BJ Malloy , a boy who loves to eat eggs and call Dice `` Diceberg '' , because it rhymes with `` iceberg '' and this attitude stresses Dice . He considers Dice as his friend . Steve Lewis as Brody , a spear fisherman that always boasts his job and is often seen with a speargun in his hand . Ryan P. Shrime as Yokvish , a clerk at the Handy Quick who enjoys taking selfies and grooming himself .","sentences":["Zoran Korach as Goomer , a professional mixed martial artist who trains at Punchy 's Gym .","He is 27 years old but has the mental ability of someone much younger .","He is very dim - witted and easily confused .","Despite his childish nature , he is very good at fighting .","Dice took over his management after his original manager claimed Goomer was `` too stupid to manage '' .","Griffin Kane and Emily Skinner as Max and Chloe , a brother and sister who , alongside their baby brother Darby , were among the less rambunctious kids babysat by Nona ; Sam and Cat babysit them now .","They appear in episodes `` # Pilot '' , `` # NewGoat '' , and `` # PeezyB '' .","Sophia Grace Brownlee & Rosie McClelland as Gwen and Ruby , British girls whom Sam and Cat babysit in the episode `` # TheBritBrats '' .","At first they seem polite , but later they behave quite rudely .","They are experienced con artists who bilk Dice out of $500 and Cat out of her bicycle .","In a loose parody of The Sting , Sam concocts a rigged bingo game to trick the British brats into surrendering Dice 's money and Cat 's bike .","They also were in `` # RevengeOfTheBritBrats '' where they return and drive a wedge between Sam and Cat .","This plan failed when Sam and Cat caught onto their plans .","Dan Schneider as the voice of Tandy , a red robot that works at the restaurant `` Bots '' as a waiter .","Lisa Lillien as the voice of Bungle , a blue female robot that works at the restaurant `` Bots '' as a waitress .","Nick Gore as Randy , a kid who appeared numerous times in the show and is constantly introducing himself .","Randy was originally supposed to appear in one episode , but the creator of the show , Dan Schneider , found him funny","so he became a recurring character .","Ronnie Clark as Herb , a man who pretends to be homeless , but he is in fact rich and owns a condo .","Cyrus Arnold as BJ Malloy , a boy who loves to eat eggs and call Dice `` Diceberg '' , because it rhymes with `` iceberg '' and this attitude stresses Dice .","He considers Dice as his friend .","Steve Lewis as Brody , a spear fisherman that always boasts his job and is often seen with a speargun in his hand .","Ryan P. Shrime as Yokvish , a clerk at the Handy Quick who enjoys taking selfies and grooming himself ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8559652945965887982","input":"next episode of attack on titan season 2","passages":[{"title":"List of Attack on Titan episodes","text":"The drill instructor Keith Sadies inspects the new recruits of the 104th Cadet Corps and provides a barrage of verbal insults . When he comes across Sasha Braus , who is eating a potato , he punishes her by having her run around the camp until sunset and not giving her any food or drink . Eren develops a rivalry with Jean Kirschtein , who desires a safe and easy position in the Military Police Regiment within the inner city walls . The recruits train on an omni - directional mobility gear apparatus , where they have to balance themselves while suspended on cables . After Eren has trouble balancing , he asks Reiner Braun and Bertholdt Hoover for help and discover they too are among the few who have personally encountered Titans . The next day , Eren balances on the apparatus but falls , but Keith discovers that Eren 's apparatus was defective and passes him after a retry with different equipment .","sentences":["The drill instructor Keith Sadies inspects the new recruits of the 104th Cadet Corps and provides a barrage of verbal insults .","When he comes across Sasha Braus , who is eating a potato , he punishes her by having her run around the camp until sunset and not giving her any food or drink .","Eren develops a rivalry with Jean Kirschtein , who desires a safe and easy position in the Military Police Regiment within the inner city walls .","The recruits train on an omni - directional mobility gear apparatus , where they have to balance themselves while suspended on cables .","After Eren has trouble balancing , he asks Reiner Braun and Bertholdt Hoover for help and discover they too are among the few who have personally encountered Titans .","The next day , Eren balances on the apparatus but falls , but Keith discovers that Eren 's apparatus was defective and passes him after a retry with different equipment ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8902783711711007354","input":"what are the colors that are not in the rainbow","passages":[{"title":"Rainbow","text":"The colour pattern of a rainbow is different from a spectrum , and the colours are less saturated . There is spectral smearing in a rainbow owing to the fact that for any particular wavelength , there is a distribution of exit angles , rather than a single unvarying angle . In addition , a rainbow is a blurred version of the bow obtained from a point source , because the disk diameter of the sun ( 0.5 \u00b0 ) can not be neglected compared to the width of a rainbow ( 2 \u00b0 ) . The number of colour bands of a rainbow may therefore be different from the number of bands in a spectrum , especially if the droplets are particularly large or small . Therefore , the number of colours of a rainbow is variable . If , however , the word rainbow is used inaccurately to mean spectrum , it is the number of main colours in the spectrum .","sentences":["The colour pattern of a rainbow is different from a spectrum , and the colours are less saturated .","There is spectral smearing in a rainbow owing to the fact that for any particular wavelength , there is a distribution of exit angles , rather than a single unvarying angle .","In addition , a rainbow is a blurred version of the bow obtained from a point source , because the disk diameter of the sun ( 0.5 \u00b0 ) can not be neglected compared to the width of a rainbow ( 2 \u00b0 ) .","The number of colour bands of a rainbow may therefore be different from the number of bands in a spectrum , especially if the droplets are particularly large or small .","Therefore , the number of colours of a rainbow is variable .","If , however , the word rainbow is used inaccurately to mean spectrum , it is the number of main colours in the spectrum ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4130419442309363514","input":"what form of government was the soviet union","passages":[{"title":"Government of the Soviet Union","text":"The Government managed the internal sphere of the Union of Soviet of Socialist Republics ' social policy . It was responsible for implementing measures which would either promote or ensure the well - being of Soviet citizens through economic , social and economic development . On the economic sphere , the government was responsible for monetary , technological , pollution , price wages and social security policies , controlled all All - Union , literally institutions controlled by the Central Government , and All - Republican institutions . For instance , the Government controlled the State Bank and was responsible for the organisation of state insurance and accounting . It was the Government which drafted the five - year plans for economic and social development , through its control of the State Planning Committee , and the country 's budget , through its control of the Ministry of Finance . Both the five - year plan and the budget needed approval from the Supreme Soviet to be implemented . It was responsible for socialist property , public order and the protection of its citizen 's .","sentences":["The Government managed the internal sphere of the Union of Soviet of Socialist Republics ' social policy .","It was responsible for implementing measures which would either promote or ensure the well - being of Soviet citizens through economic , social and economic development .","On the economic sphere , the government was responsible for monetary , technological , pollution , price wages and social security policies , controlled all All - Union , literally institutions controlled by the Central Government , and All - Republican institutions .","For instance , the Government controlled the State Bank and was responsible for the organisation of state insurance and accounting .","It was the Government which drafted the five - year plans for economic and social development , through its control of the State Planning Committee , and the country 's budget , through its control of the Ministry of Finance .","Both the five - year plan and the budget needed approval from the Supreme Soviet to be implemented .","It was responsible for socialist property , public order and the protection of its citizen 's ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6882867911677954849","input":"why did the connecticut river valley not play an important role like new york\u2019s hudson river valley","passages":[{"title":"Hudson Valley","text":"In 1598 some Dutch employed by the Greenland Company wintered in the Bay . Eleven years later , the Dutch East India Company financed English navigator Henry Hudson in his attempt to search for the Northwest Passage . During this attempt , Henry Hudson decided to sail his ship up the river that would later be named after him . As he continued up the river , its width expanded , into Haverstraw Bay , leading him to believe he had successfully reached the Northwest Passage . He docked his ship on the western shore of Haverstraw Bay and claimed the territory as the first Dutch settlement in North America . He also proceeded upstream as far as present - day Troy before concluding that no such strait existed there . Dutch","sentences":["In 1598 some Dutch employed by the Greenland Company wintered in the Bay .","Eleven years later , the Dutch East India Company financed English navigator Henry Hudson in his attempt to search for the Northwest Passage .","During this attempt , Henry Hudson decided to sail his ship up the river that would later be named after him .","As he continued up the river , its width expanded , into Haverstraw Bay , leading him to believe he had successfully reached the Northwest Passage .","He docked his ship on the western shore of Haverstraw Bay and claimed the territory as the first Dutch settlement in North America .","He also proceeded upstream as far as present - day Troy before concluding that no such strait existed there .","Dutch"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6902761765523541729","input":"where does the efferent arteriole carries blood to","passages":[{"title":"Efferent arteriole","text":"Efferent arteriole Scheme of renal tubule and its vascular supply . ( Label `` Efferent vessel '' is visible in upper left . ) Distribution of blood vessels in cortex of kidney . Details Source glomerular capillaries Identifiers Latin arteriola glomerularis efferens capsulae renalis TA A08. 1.03. 006 FMA 272214 77043 , 272214 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata )","sentences":["Efferent arteriole Scheme of renal tubule and its vascular supply .","( Label `` Efferent vessel '' is visible in upper left . )","Distribution of blood vessels in cortex of kidney .","Details Source glomerular capillaries Identifiers Latin arteriola glomerularis efferens capsulae renalis TA A08.","1.03.","006 FMA 272214 77043 , 272214 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5191552109208164681","input":"where are the majority of ribosomes found inside the cell","passages":[{"title":"Ribosome","text":"Ribosomes are the workplaces of protein biosynthesis , the process of translating mRNA into protein . The mRNA comprises a series of codons that dictate to the ribosome the sequence of the amino acids needed to make the protein . Using the mRNA as a template , the ribosome traverses each codon ( 3 nucleotides ) of the mRNA , pairing it with the appropriate amino acid provided by an aminoacyl - tRNA . Aminoacyl - tRNA contains a complementary anticodon on one end and the appropriate amino acid on the other . For fast and accurate recognition of the appropriate tRNA , the ribosome utilizes large conformational changes ( conformational proofreading ) . The small ribosomal subunit , typically bound to an aminoacyl - tRNA containing the amino acid methionine , binds to an AUG codon on the mRNA and recruits the large ribosomal subunit . The ribosome contains three RNA binding sites , designated A , P and E. The A-site binds an aminoacyl - tRNA ; the P - site binds a peptidyl - tRNA ( a tRNA bound to the peptide being synthesized ) ; and the E-site ( exit ) binds a free tRNA before it exits the ribosome . Protein synthesis begins at a start codon AUG near the 5 ' end of the mRNA . mRNA binds to the P site of the ribosome first . The ribosome is able to identify the start codon by use of the Shine - Dalgarno sequence of the mRNA in prokaryotes and Kozak box in eukaryotes .","sentences":["Ribosomes are the workplaces of protein biosynthesis , the process of translating mRNA into protein .","The mRNA comprises a series of codons that dictate to the ribosome the sequence of the amino acids needed to make the protein .","Using the mRNA as a template , the ribosome traverses each codon ( 3 nucleotides ) of the mRNA , pairing it with the appropriate amino acid provided by an aminoacyl - tRNA .","Aminoacyl - tRNA contains a complementary anticodon on one end and the appropriate amino acid on the other .","For fast and accurate recognition of the appropriate tRNA , the ribosome utilizes large conformational changes ( conformational proofreading ) .","The small ribosomal subunit , typically bound to an aminoacyl - tRNA containing the amino acid methionine , binds to an AUG codon on the mRNA and recruits the large ribosomal subunit .","The ribosome contains three RNA binding sites , designated A , P and E. The A-site binds an aminoacyl - tRNA ; the P - site binds a peptidyl - tRNA ( a tRNA bound to the peptide being synthesized ) ; and the E-site ( exit ) binds a free tRNA before it exits the ribosome .","Protein synthesis begins at a start codon AUG near the 5 ' end of the mRNA .","mRNA binds to the P site of the ribosome first .","The ribosome is able to identify the start codon by use of the Shine - Dalgarno sequence of the mRNA in prokaryotes and Kozak box in eukaryotes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7877911862167365178","input":"describe the pattern of rainfall in the uk","passages":[{"title":"Climate of the United Kingdom","text":"hide Climate data for Birmingham Elmdon , 99m asl , 1971 -- 2000 , extremes 1901 -- ( sunshine 1961 -- 1990 ) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 15.0 ( 59 ) 18.1 ( 64.6 ) 23.7 ( 74.7 ) 26.0 ( 78.8 ) 30.0 ( 86 ) 31.6 ( 88.9 ) 32.9 ( 91.2 ) 34.9 ( 94.8 ) 29.8 ( 85.6 ) 26.8 ( 80.2 ) 18.7 ( 65.7 ) 15.7 ( 60.3 ) 34.9 ( 94.8 ) Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 6.7 ( 44.1 ) 7.1 ( 44.8 ) 9.8 ( 49.6 ) 12.7 ( 54.9 ) 16.0 ( 60.8 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 21.3 ( 70.3 ) 20.8 ( 69.4 ) 17.8 ( 64 ) 13.6 ( 56.5 ) 9.5 ( 49.1 ) 6.9 ( 44.4 ) 13.4 ( 56.1 ) Average low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 1.4 ( 34.5 ) 1.1 ( 34 ) 2.9 ( 37.2 ) 4.2 ( 39.6 ) 7.1 ( 44.8 ) 10.0 ( 50 ) 12.1 ( 53.8 ) 11.8 ( 53.2 ) 9.7 ( 49.5 ) 6.8 ( 44.2 ) 3.8 ( 38.8 ) 1.6 ( 34.9 ) 6.0 ( 42.8 ) Record low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 20.8 ( \u2212 5.4 ) \u2212 13.7 ( 7.3 ) \u2212 11.6 ( 11.1 ) \u2212 6.6 ( 20.1 ) \u2212 3.8 ( 25.2 ) \u2212 0.8 ( 30.6 ) 1.2 ( 34.2 ) 2.2 ( 36 ) \u2212 1.8 ( 28.8 ) \u2212 6.8 ( 19.8 ) \u2212 8.9 ( 16 ) \u2212 18.5 ( \u2212 1.3 ) \u2212 20.8 ( \u2212 5.4 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 73.2 ( 2.882 ) 51.4 ( 2.024 ) 55.8 ( 2.197 ) 61.9 ( 2.437 ) 61.3 ( 2.413 ) 65.6 ( 2.583 ) 63.8 ( 2.512 ) 66.7 ( 2.626 ) 68.1 ( 2.681 ) 82.7 ( 3.256 ) 74.8 ( 2.945 ) 79.7 ( 3.138 ) 805 ( 31.69 ) Mean monthly sunshine hours 49.7 60.0 101.5 129.2 178.0 186.2 181.0 166.8 134.3 97.2 64.2 46.9 1,395 Source # 1 : Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute Source # 2 : National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","sentences":["hide Climate data for Birmingham Elmdon , 99m asl , 1971 -- 2000 , extremes 1901 -- ( sunshine 1961 -- 1990 )","Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 15.0","( 59 ) 18.1 ( 64.6 ) 23.7 ( 74.7 ) 26.0 ( 78.8 ) 30.0","( 86 ) 31.6 ( 88.9 ) 32.9 ( 91.2 ) 34.9","( 94.8 ) 29.8","( 85.6 ) 26.8","( 80.2 ) 18.7","( 65.7 ) 15.7 ( 60.3 ) 34.9 ( 94.8 )","Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 6.7 ( 44.1 ) 7.1 ( 44.8 ) 9.8","( 49.6 ) 12.7 ( 54.9 ) 16.0","( 60.8 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 21.3","( 70.3 ) 20.8","( 69.4 ) 17.8 ( 64 ) 13.6 ( 56.5 ) 9.5","( 49.1 ) 6.9 ( 44.4 ) 13.4 ( 56.1 )","Average low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 1.4 ( 34.5 ) 1.1 ( 34 ) 2.9 ( 37.2 ) 4.2 ( 39.6 ) 7.1 ( 44.8 ) 10.0 ( 50 ) 12.1 ( 53.8 ) 11.8 ( 53.2 ) 9.7 ( 49.5 ) 6.8 ( 44.2 ) 3.8 ( 38.8 ) 1.6 ( 34.9 ) 6.0 ( 42.8 )","Record low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 20.8 ( \u2212 5.4 ) \u2212 13.7 ( 7.3 ) \u2212 11.6 ( 11.1 )","\u2212 6.6 ( 20.1 ) \u2212 3.8 ( 25.2 ) \u2212 0.8 ( 30.6 ) 1.2 ( 34.2 ) 2.2 ( 36 ) \u2212 1.8 ( 28.8 )","\u2212 6.8 ( 19.8 )","\u2212 8.9 ( 16 ) \u2212 18.5 ( \u2212 1.3 )","\u2212 20.8 ( \u2212 5.4 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 73.2 ( 2.882 )","51.4 ( 2.024 ) 55.8 ( 2.197 ) 61.9","( 2.437 ) 61.3 ( 2.413 ) 65.6 ( 2.583 )","63.8 ( 2.512 ) 66.7 ( 2.626 ) 68.1 ( 2.681 ) 82.7","( 3.256 ) 74.8 ( 2.945 ) 79.7 ( 3.138 ) 805 ( 31.69 )","Mean monthly sunshine hours 49.7 60.0 101.5 129.2 178.0 186.2 181.0 166.8 134.3 97.2 64.2 46.9 1,395 Source # 1 : Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute Source # 2 : National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2441267106982246310","input":"who is the appellant in a court case","passages":[{"title":"Appellate court","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( March 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject . You may improve this article , discuss the issue on the talk page , or create a new article , as appropriate . ( September 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( March 2008 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject .","You may improve this article , discuss the issue on the talk page , or create a new article , as appropriate .","( September 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5248863315331992992","input":"high officials in the household of a medieval king cody crossword","passages":[{"title":"Medieval household","text":"Neither Greek nor Latin had a word corresponding to modern - day `` family '' . The Latin familia must be translated to `` household '' rather than `` family '' . The aristocratic household of ancient Rome was similar to that of medieval Europe , in that it consisted -- in addition to the paterfamilias , his wife and children -- of a number of clients ( clientes ) , or dependents of the lord who would attend upon him , counsel him and receive rewards . Where it differed from its medieval equivalent was in the use of slaves rather than paid servants for the performance of menial tasks . Another difference was that , due to the relative security and peacefulness within the borders of the Roman Empire , there was little need for fortification . The aristocratic household of medieval Europe , on the other hand , was as much a military as a socio - economic unit , and from the 9th century onwards the ideal residence was the castle .","sentences":["Neither Greek nor Latin had a word corresponding to modern - day `` family '' .","The Latin familia must be translated to `` household '' rather than `` family '' .","The aristocratic household of ancient Rome was similar to that of medieval Europe , in that it consisted -- in addition to the paterfamilias , his wife and children -- of a number of clients ( clientes ) , or dependents of the lord who would attend upon him , counsel him and receive rewards .","Where it differed from its medieval equivalent was in the use of slaves rather than paid servants for the performance of menial tasks .","Another difference was that , due to the relative security and peacefulness within the borders of the Roman Empire , there was little need for fortification .","The aristocratic household of medieval Europe , on the other hand , was as much a military as a socio - economic unit , and from the 9th century onwards the ideal residence was the castle ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3480029052383625439","input":"what was the single most important thing the spanish brought to the new world","passages":[{"title":"New World","text":"The label is also often used in agriculture . Africa , Asia , and Europe share a common agricultural history stemming from the Neolithic Revolution , and the same domesticated plants and animals spread through these three continents thousands of years ago , making them largely indistinct and useful to classify together as `` Old World '' . Common Old World crops ( e.g. , barley , lentils , oats , peas , rye , wheat ) , and domesticated animals ( e.g. , cattle , chickens , goats , horses , pigs , sheep ) did not exist in the Americas until they were introduced by post-Columbian contact in the 1490s ( see `` Columbian Exchange '' ) . Conversely , many common crops were originally domesticated in the Americas before they spread worldwide after Columbian contact , and are still often referred to as `` New World crops '' ; common beans ( phaseolus ) , maiz , and squash -- the `` three sisters '' -- as well as the avocado , tomato , and wide varieties of capsicum ( bell pepper , chili pepper , etc . ) , and the turkey were originally domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples in Mesoamerica , while agriculturalists in the Andean region of South America brought forth the cassava , peanut , potato , quinoa and domesticated animals like the alpaca , guinea pig and llama . Other famous New World crops include the cashew , cocoa , rubber , sunflower , tobacco , and vanilla , and fruits like the guava , papaya and pineapple . There are rare instances of overlap , e.g. , the calabash ( bottle - gourd ) , cotton , and yam , and the dog , are believed to have been domesticated separately in both the Old and New World , their early forms possibly brought along by Paleo - Indians from Asia during the last glacial period .","sentences":["The label is also often used in agriculture .","Africa , Asia , and Europe share a common agricultural history stemming from the Neolithic Revolution , and the same domesticated plants and animals spread through these three continents thousands of years ago , making them largely indistinct and useful to classify together as `` Old World '' .","Common Old World crops ( e.g. , barley , lentils , oats , peas , rye , wheat ) , and domesticated animals ( e.g. , cattle , chickens , goats , horses , pigs , sheep ) did not exist in the Americas until they were introduced by post-Columbian contact in the 1490s ( see `` Columbian Exchange '' ) .","Conversely , many common crops were originally domesticated in the Americas before they spread worldwide after Columbian contact , and are still often referred to as `` New World crops '' ; common beans ( phaseolus ) , maiz , and squash -- the `` three sisters '' -- as well as the avocado , tomato , and wide varieties of capsicum ( bell pepper , chili pepper , etc . ) , and the turkey were originally domesticated by pre-Columbian peoples in Mesoamerica , while agriculturalists in the Andean region of South America brought forth the cassava , peanut , potato , quinoa and domesticated animals like the alpaca , guinea pig and llama .","Other famous New World crops include the cashew , cocoa , rubber , sunflower , tobacco , and vanilla , and fruits like the guava , papaya and pineapple .","There are rare instances of overlap , e.g. , the calabash ( bottle - gourd ) , cotton , and yam , and the dog , are believed to have been domesticated separately in both the Old and New World , their early forms possibly brought along by Paleo - Indians from Asia during the last glacial period ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8760125905823215258","input":"when does deadpool 2 come out on dd","passages":[{"title":"Deadpool (film)","text":"Reese and Wernick were on set every day , which Reynolds personally paid for after Fox was unwilling to . The writers had scripted the action very specifically , `` every kill and almost down to every punch , kick , or shot '' , but Tim Miller and the stunt coordinators were free to change this . Robert Alonzo and Philip J. Silvera were the stunt coordinators for the film ; Silvera had provided motion capture reference for the test footage . The stunt team had a month before filming began to prepare the actors , with Skrein working `` nonstop '' to prepare . Silvera said Reynolds `` has a photographic memory ; he 'd do something three or four times and remember it very well . '' A lot of the jokes in the film were improvised on set , particularly by Reynolds . He said that the actors often came up with around 15 alternate jokes for each one written in the script , and were generally only limited to those because of time constraints . Reese said , for example , Wernick had written some jokes for the scene where Deadpool visits Colossus and Negasonic , but on set Reynolds improvised the line `` You know it 's funny how I only see the two of you here . It 's like the studio could n't afford any more X-Men . '' This was based in truth , and became then Fox chairman Jim Gianopulos ' favorite line .","sentences":["Reese and Wernick were on set every day , which Reynolds personally paid for after Fox was unwilling to .","The writers had scripted the action very specifically , `` every kill and almost down to every punch , kick , or shot '' , but Tim Miller and the stunt coordinators were free to change this .","Robert Alonzo and Philip J. Silvera were the stunt coordinators for the film ; Silvera had provided motion capture reference for the test footage .","The stunt team had a month before filming began to prepare the actors , with Skrein working `` nonstop '' to prepare .","Silvera said Reynolds `` has a photographic memory ; he 'd do something three or four times and remember it very well . ''","A lot of the jokes in the film were improvised on set , particularly by Reynolds .","He said that the actors often came up with around 15 alternate jokes for each one written in the script , and were generally only limited to those because of time constraints .","Reese said , for example , Wernick had written some jokes for the scene where Deadpool visits Colossus and Negasonic , but on set Reynolds improvised the line `` You know it 's funny how I only see the two of you here .","It 's like the studio could n't afford any more X-Men . ''","This was based in truth , and became then Fox chairman Jim Gianopulos ' favorite line ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7343167442169709836","input":"what is the temperature of the north and south pole","passages":[{"title":"North Pole","text":"On 6 April 1969 Wally Herbert and companions Allan Gill , Roy Koerner and Kenneth Hedges of the British Trans - Arctic Expedition became the first men to reach the North Pole on foot ( albeit with the aid of dog teams and airdrops ) . They continued on to complete the first surface crossing of the Arctic Ocean -- and by its longest axis , Barrow , Alaska to Svalbard -- a feat that has never been repeated . Because of suggestions ( later proven false ) of Plaisted 's use of air transport , some sources classify Herbert 's expedition as the first confirmed to reach the North Pole over the ice surface by any means . In the 1980s Plaisted 's pilots Weldy Phipps and Ken Lee signed affidavits asserting that no such airlift was provided . It is also said that Herbert was the first person to reach the pole of inaccessibility . Icebreaker","sentences":["On 6 April 1969 Wally Herbert and companions Allan Gill , Roy Koerner and Kenneth Hedges of the British Trans - Arctic Expedition became the first men to reach the North Pole on foot ( albeit with the aid of dog teams and airdrops ) .","They continued on to complete the first surface crossing of the Arctic Ocean -- and by its longest axis , Barrow , Alaska to Svalbard -- a feat that has never been repeated .","Because of suggestions ( later proven false ) of Plaisted 's use of air transport , some sources classify Herbert 's expedition as the first confirmed to reach the North Pole over the ice surface by any means .","In the 1980s Plaisted 's pilots Weldy Phipps and Ken Lee signed affidavits asserting that no such airlift was provided .","It is also said that Herbert was the first person to reach the pole of inaccessibility .","Icebreaker"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8162079235895252242","input":"when did adding candles to a cake originated","passages":[{"title":"Birthday cake","text":"There is no standard for birthday cakes , though the `` Happy Birthday '' song is often sung while the cake is served in English - speaking countries , or an equivalent birthday song in the appropriate language of the country . The phrase `` Happy Birthday '' did not appear on birthday cakes until the song `` Happy Birthday to You '' was popularized in the early 1900s . Variations of birthday songs and rituals exist in different parts of the world . In Uruguay , party guests touch the person 's shoulder or head following the singing of `` Happy Birthday to You '' . In Ecuador , the person whose birthday it is will take a large bite of the birthday cake before it is served . Elaborate","sentences":["There is no standard for birthday cakes , though the `` Happy Birthday '' song is often sung while the cake is served in English - speaking countries , or an equivalent birthday song in the appropriate language of the country .","The phrase `` Happy Birthday '' did not appear on birthday cakes until the song `` Happy Birthday to You '' was popularized in the early 1900s .","Variations of birthday songs and rituals exist in different parts of the world .","In Uruguay , party guests touch the person 's shoulder or head following the singing of `` Happy Birthday to You '' .","In Ecuador , the person whose birthday it is will take a large bite of the birthday cake before it is served .","Elaborate"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9180697262236978493","input":"who votes for the pro football hall of fame","passages":[{"title":"Pro Football Hall of Fame","text":"In April 1970 , ground was broken for the first of many expansions . This first expansion cost $ 620,000 , and was completed in May 1971 . The size was increased to 34,000 square feet ( 3,200 m ) by adding another room . The pro shop opened with this expansion . This was also an important milestone for the Pro Football Hall of Fame , as yearly attendance passed the 200,000 mark for the first time . This was at least in some part due to the increase in popularity of professional football caused by the advent of the American Football League and its success in the final two AFL - NFL World Championship games . Inside","sentences":["In April 1970 , ground was broken for the first of many expansions .","This first expansion cost $ 620,000 , and was completed in May 1971 .","The size was increased to 34,000 square feet ( 3,200 m ) by adding another room .","The pro shop opened with this expansion .","This was also an important milestone for the Pro Football Hall of Fame , as yearly attendance passed the 200,000 mark for the first time .","This was at least in some part due to the increase in popularity of professional football caused by the advent of the American Football League and its success in the final two AFL - NFL World Championship games .","Inside"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3146419720302689962","input":"what county is st joseph medical center in","passages":[{"title":"St. Joseph Medical Center (Kansas City, Missouri)","text":"St. Joseph Medical Center Prime Healthcare Geography Location Kansas City , Missouri , USA Coordinates 38 \u00b0 56 \u2032 11 '' N 94 \u00b0 36 \u2032 14 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.93634 \u00b0 N 94.60394 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.93634 ; - 94.60394 Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 56 \u2032 11 '' N 94 \u00b0 36 \u2032 14 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.93634 \u00b0 N 94.60394 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.93634 ; - 94.60394 Organisation Care system Private Funding For - Profit Hospital type Community Affiliated university None Services Beds 310 History Founded October 15 , 1874 Links Website http:\/\/www.stjosephkc.com\/","sentences":["St. Joseph Medical Center Prime Healthcare Geography Location Kansas City , Missouri , USA Coordinates 38 \u00b0 56 \u2032 11 ''","N 94 \u00b0 36 \u2032 14 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.93634 \u00b0 N 94.60394 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.93634 ; - 94.60394 Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 56 \u2032 11 ''","N 94 \u00b0 36 \u2032 14 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.93634 \u00b0 N 94.60394 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.93634 ; - 94.60394 Organisation Care system Private Funding For - Profit Hospital type Community Affiliated university None Services Beds 310 History Founded October 15 , 1874 Links Website http:\/\/www.stjosephkc.com\/"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1433064895831581637","input":"the summer of the beautiful white horse summary in hindi language","passages":[{"title":"The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse","text":"Aram ran to Mourad to inform him about Byro 's arrival . Aram also pleads with Mourad not to return the horse until he could learn to ride . Mourad disagrees saying that Aram would take at least a year to learn , but promises he would keep it for six months at most . This became a routine . Mourad came daily to pick Aram to ride , and Aram continuously fell off the horse 's back after every attempt . Two weeks later , when they were going to take the horse back to its hiding place , they met Byro on the road . The farmer was extremely surprised . He recognised his horse but refused to believe that the boys had stolen it .","sentences":["Aram ran to Mourad to inform him about Byro 's arrival .","Aram also pleads with Mourad not to return the horse until he could learn to ride .","Mourad disagrees saying that Aram would take at least a year to learn , but promises he would keep it for six months at most .","This became a routine .","Mourad came daily to pick Aram to ride , and Aram continuously fell off the horse 's back after every attempt .","Two weeks later , when they were going to take the horse back to its hiding place , they met Byro on the road .","The farmer was extremely surprised .","He recognised his horse but refused to believe that the boys had stolen it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6992264199401257096","input":"what was the name of the social and political system that held japan together from 1400 to 1800","passages":[{"title":"History of Vietnam","text":"Period Country Name Time Frame Boundary H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng dynasty X\u00edch Qu\u1ef7 \u8d64 \u9b3c 2879 -- 2524 BC Stretching from Dongting Lake ( Hunan ) to the southernmost area now called Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb , including the Guangxi and Guangdong provinces of China . H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng dynasty V\u0103n Lang \u6587\u90ce 2524 -- 258 BC Territory reduced to modern Northern Vietnam including the three modern provinces of Thanh H\u00f3a , Ngh\u1ec7 An , H\u00e0 T\u0129nh . The Red River Delta is the home of the L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t culture . Th\u1ee5c dynasty \u00c2u L\u1ea1c \u750c \u96d2 257 -- 207 BC Red River Delta and its adjoining north and west mountain regions . Tri\u1ec7u dynasty Nam Vi\u1ec7t \u5357\u8d8a 207 -- 111 BC North and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ho\u00e0nh S\u01a1n Range ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi . Han Domination Giao Ch\u1ec9 ( Jiaozhi ) \u4ea4\u8dbe 111 BC -- 39 AD Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and C\u1ea3 River delta ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi . Tr\u01b0ng Sisters L\u0129nh Nam \u5dba\u5357 40 -- 43 Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and C\u1ea3 River delta ) . Han to Eastern Wu Domination Giao Ch\u1ec9 \u4ea4\u8dbe 43 -- 229 Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and C\u1ea3 River delta ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi . Eastern Wu to Liang Domination Giao Ch\u00e2u ( Jiaozhou ) \u4ea4\u5dde 229 -- 544 Same as above Early L\u00fd dynasty V\u1ea1n Xu\u00e2n \u842c \u6625 544 -- 602 Same as above Sui to Tang Domination Giao Ch\u00e2u \u4ea4\u8dbe 602 -- 679 Same as above Tang Domination An Nam \u5b89\u5357 679 -- 757 Same as above Tang Domination Tr\u1ea5n Nam \u93ae \u5357 757 -- 766 Same as above Tang Domination An Nam \u5b89\u5357 766 -- 866 Same as above Tang Domination , Autonomy ( Kh\u00fac clan , D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00ecnh Ngh\u1ec7 , and Ki\u1ec1u C\u00f4ng Ti\u1ec5n ) , Ng\u00f4 dynasty T\u0129nh H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u9759 \u6d77\u519b 866 -- 967 Same as above \u0110inh , Early L\u00ea and L\u00fd dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i C\u1ed3 Vi\u1ec7t \u5927 \u77bf \u8d8a 968 -- 1054 Same as above L\u00fd and Tr\u1ea7n dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t \u5927\u8d8a 1054 -- 1400 Southern border expanded down to present - day Hu\u1ebf area . H\u1ed3 dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i Ngu \u5927 \u865e 1400 -- 1407 Same as above Ming Domination and Later Tr\u1ea7n dynasty Giao Ch\u1ec9 \u4ea4\u5dde 1407 -- 1427 Same as above L\u00ea , M\u1ea1c , Tr\u1ecbnh -- Nguy\u1ec5n lords , T\u00e2y S\u01a1n dynasty , Nguy\u1ec5n dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t 1428 -- 1804 \u5927\u8d8a Gradually expanded to the boundary of present - day Vietnam . Nguy\u1ec5n dynasty Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u8d8a\u5357 1804 -- 1839 Present - day Vietnam plus some occupied territories in Laos and Cambodia . Nguy\u1ec5n dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i Nam \u5927 \u5357 1839 -- 1887 Same as above Nguy\u1ec5n dynasty and French Protectorate French Indochina , consisting of Cochinchina ( southern Vietnam ) , Annam ( central Vietnam ) , Tonkin ( northern Vietnam ) 1887 -- 1945 Present - day Vietnam . Republican Era Vi\u1ec7t Nam ( with variances such as Democratic Republic , State of Vietnam , Republic of Vietnam , Socialist Republic ) Democratic Republic of Vietnam ( 1945 -- 1976 in North Vietnam ) , State of Vietnam ( 1949 -- 1955 ) , Republic of Vietnam ( 1955 -- 1975 in South Vietnam ) , Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( 1976 -- present ) Present - day Vietnam .","sentences":["Period Country Name Time Frame Boundary H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng dynasty X\u00edch Qu\u1ef7 \u8d64 \u9b3c 2879 -- 2524 BC Stretching from Dongting Lake ( Hunan ) to the southernmost area now called Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb , including the Guangxi and Guangdong provinces of China .","H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng dynasty V\u0103n Lang \u6587\u90ce 2524 -- 258 BC Territory reduced to modern Northern Vietnam including the three modern provinces of Thanh H\u00f3a , Ngh\u1ec7 An , H\u00e0 T\u0129nh .","The Red River Delta is the home of the L\u1ea1c Vi\u1ec7t culture .","Th\u1ee5c dynasty \u00c2u L\u1ea1c \u750c \u96d2 257 -- 207 BC Red River Delta and its adjoining north and west mountain regions .","Tri\u1ec7u dynasty Nam Vi\u1ec7t \u5357\u8d8a 207 -- 111 BC North and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ho\u00e0nh S\u01a1n Range ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi .","Han Domination Giao Ch\u1ec9 ( Jiaozhi ) \u4ea4\u8dbe 111 BC -- 39 AD Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and C\u1ea3 River delta ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi .","Tr\u01b0ng Sisters L\u0129nh Nam \u5dba\u5357 40 -- 43 Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and C\u1ea3 River delta ) .","Han to Eastern Wu Domination Giao Ch\u1ec9 \u4ea4\u8dbe 43 -- 229 Present - day north and north - central of Vietnam ( southern border expanded down to the Ma River and C\u1ea3 River delta ) , Guangdong , and Guangxi .","Eastern Wu to Liang Domination Giao Ch\u00e2u ( Jiaozhou ) \u4ea4\u5dde 229 -- 544 Same as above Early L\u00fd dynasty V\u1ea1n Xu\u00e2n \u842c \u6625 544 -- 602 Same as above Sui to Tang Domination Giao Ch\u00e2u \u4ea4\u8dbe 602 -- 679 Same as above Tang Domination","An Nam \u5b89\u5357 679 -- 757 Same as above Tang Domination Tr\u1ea5n Nam \u93ae \u5357 757 -- 766 Same as above Tang Domination An Nam \u5b89\u5357 766 -- 866 Same as above Tang Domination , Autonomy ( Kh\u00fac clan , D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00ecnh Ngh\u1ec7 , and Ki\u1ec1u C\u00f4ng Ti\u1ec5n ) , Ng\u00f4 dynasty T\u0129nh H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u9759 \u6d77\u519b 866 -- 967 Same as above \u0110inh , Early L\u00ea and L\u00fd dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i C\u1ed3 Vi\u1ec7t \u5927 \u77bf \u8d8a 968 -- 1054 Same as above L\u00fd and Tr\u1ea7n dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t \u5927\u8d8a 1054 -- 1400 Southern border expanded down to present - day Hu\u1ebf area .","H\u1ed3 dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i Ngu \u5927 \u865e 1400 -- 1407 Same as above Ming Domination and Later Tr\u1ea7n dynasty Giao Ch\u1ec9 \u4ea4\u5dde 1407 -- 1427 Same as above L\u00ea , M\u1ea1c , Tr\u1ecbnh -- Nguy\u1ec5n lords , T\u00e2y S\u01a1n dynasty , Nguy\u1ec5n dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t 1428 -- 1804 \u5927\u8d8a Gradually expanded to the boundary of present - day Vietnam .","Nguy\u1ec5n dynasty Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u8d8a\u5357 1804 -- 1839 Present - day Vietnam plus some occupied territories in Laos and Cambodia .","Nguy\u1ec5n dynasty \u0110\u1ea1i Nam \u5927 \u5357 1839 -- 1887 Same as above Nguy\u1ec5n dynasty and French Protectorate French Indochina , consisting of Cochinchina ( southern Vietnam ) , Annam ( central Vietnam ) , Tonkin ( northern Vietnam ) 1887 -- 1945 Present - day Vietnam .","Republican Era Vi\u1ec7t Nam ( with variances such as Democratic Republic , State of Vietnam , Republic of Vietnam , Socialist Republic ) Democratic Republic of Vietnam ( 1945 -- 1976 in North Vietnam ) , State of Vietnam ( 1949 -- 1955 ) , Republic of Vietnam ( 1955 -- 1975 in South Vietnam ) , Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( 1976 -- present ) Present - day Vietnam ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2673988052063128880","input":"data analysis cost and benefit analysis of a system","passages":[{"title":"Cost\u2013benefit analysis","text":"The choice of discount rate is subjective . A smaller rate values future generations equally with the current generation . Larger rates ( e.g. a market rate of return ) reflects humans ' attraction to time inconsistency -- valuing money that they receive today more than money they get in the future . The choice makes a large difference in assessing interventions with long - term effects . One issue is the equity premium puzzle , in which long - term returns on equities may be rather higher than they should be . If so then arguably market rates of return should not be used to determine a discount rate , as doing so would have the effect of undervaluing the distant future ( e.g. climate change ) .","sentences":["The choice of discount rate is subjective .","A smaller rate values future generations equally with the current generation .","Larger rates ( e.g. a market rate of return ) reflects humans ' attraction to time inconsistency -- valuing money that they receive today more than money they get in the future .","The choice makes a large difference in assessing interventions with long - term effects .","One issue is the equity premium puzzle , in which long - term returns on equities may be rather higher than they should be .","If so then arguably market rates of return should not be used to determine a discount rate , as doing so would have the effect of undervaluing the distant future ( e.g. climate change ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7969947360993094096","input":"where do you land on the political compass","passages":[{"title":"Political compass","text":"The politicalcompass.org website does not reveal the people behind it , beyond the fact that it seems to be based in the United Kingdom . At the bottom of any page on the website , it is stated that the political compass 's copyright belongs to an organisation named `` Pace News Limited '' . Pace News Limited is a company registered in New Zealand whose director is Wayne Brittenden . According to The New York Times , the site is the work of Wayne Brittenden , a political journalist . According to Tom Utley , writing in The Daily Telegraph , the site is connected to One World Action , a charity founded by Glenys Kinnock . An early version of the site was published on One World Action 's web server .","sentences":["The politicalcompass.org website does not reveal the people behind it , beyond the fact that it seems to be based in the United Kingdom .","At the bottom of any page on the website , it is stated that the political compass 's copyright belongs to an organisation named `` Pace News Limited '' .","Pace News Limited is a company registered in New Zealand whose director is Wayne Brittenden .","According to The New York Times , the site is the work of Wayne Brittenden , a political journalist .","According to Tom Utley , writing in The Daily Telegraph , the site is connected to One World Action , a charity founded by Glenys Kinnock .","An early version of the site was published on One World Action 's web server ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1904825621978320094","input":"why is phenolphthalein usually used in titration experiments rather than bromothymol blue","passages":[{"title":"Phenolphthalein","text":"A reduced form of phenolphthalein , phenolphthalin , which is colorless , is used in a test to identify substances thought to contain blood , commonly known as the Kastle - Meyer test . A dry sample is collected with a swab or filter paper . A few drops of alcohol , then a few drops of phenolphthalin , and finally a few drops of hydrogen peroxide are dripped onto the sample . If the sample contains hemoglobin , it will turn pink immediately upon addition of the peroxide , because of the generation of phenolphthalein . A positive test indicates the sample contains hemoglobin and , therefore , is likely blood . A false positive can result from the presence of substances with catalytic activity similar to heme . This test is not destructive to the sample ; it can be kept and used in further tests . This test has the same reaction with blood from any animal , so further testing would be required to determine whether it originates from a human .","sentences":["A reduced form of phenolphthalein , phenolphthalin , which is colorless , is used in a test to identify substances thought to contain blood , commonly known as the Kastle - Meyer test .","A dry sample is collected with a swab or filter paper .","A few drops of alcohol , then a few drops of phenolphthalin , and finally a few drops of hydrogen peroxide are dripped onto the sample .","If the sample contains hemoglobin , it will turn pink immediately upon addition of the peroxide , because of the generation of phenolphthalein .","A positive test indicates the sample contains hemoglobin and , therefore , is likely blood .","A false positive can result from the presence of substances with catalytic activity similar to heme .","This test is not destructive to the sample ; it can be kept and used in further tests .","This test has the same reaction with blood from any animal , so further testing would be required to determine whether it originates from a human ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4538192384977554703","input":"when is lab rats elite force coming back on","passages":[{"title":"Lab Rats: Elite Force","text":"Oliver becomes jealous when Kaz begins spending time with Chase to build a drone for a drone race . Chase agrees to implement Kaz 's unusual ideas into the drone design , but reveals to Oliver that he plans to remove the designs before the competition to increase the chances of winning . After Oliver tells Kaz about Chase 's plans , they decide to take one of Davenport 's drones to enter it in the competition against Chase . At the competition , Chase tells Kaz and Oliver that the drone they activated is an attack drone designed to destroy any threat it senses . Chase also reveals that he chose to leave Kaz 's design ideas intact . Meanwhile , Perry reveals that she comes from a family of circus people , and that the women in her family were skilled tightrope walkers . Perry , feeling the need to achieve an accomplishment of her own , decides to tightrope - walk between two skyscrapers , which makes Bree nervous for Perry 's safety . Perry dresses up with a circus outfit and umbrella for the stunt . Perry slips from the tightrope after the attack drone flies past her , although she manages to grab onto the rope before falling . The attack drone targets Perry , who destroys it with her umbrella . Guest","sentences":["Oliver becomes jealous when Kaz begins spending time with Chase to build a drone for a drone race .","Chase agrees to implement Kaz 's unusual ideas into the drone design , but reveals to Oliver that he plans to remove the designs before the competition to increase the chances of winning .","After Oliver tells Kaz about Chase 's plans , they decide to take one of Davenport 's drones to enter it in the competition against Chase .","At the competition , Chase tells Kaz and Oliver that the drone they activated is an attack drone designed to destroy any threat it senses .","Chase also reveals that he chose to leave Kaz 's design ideas intact .","Meanwhile , Perry reveals that she comes from a family of circus people , and that the women in her family were skilled tightrope walkers .","Perry , feeling the need to achieve an accomplishment of her own , decides to tightrope - walk between two skyscrapers , which makes Bree nervous for Perry 's safety .","Perry dresses up with a circus outfit and umbrella for the stunt .","Perry slips from the tightrope after the attack drone flies past her , although she manages to grab onto the rope before falling .","The attack drone targets Perry , who destroys it with her umbrella .","Guest"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3320483601359440051","input":"how far is appleton wi from oshkosh wi","passages":[{"title":"Fox River (Wisconsin)","text":"Prior to European settlement in the late 17th century , the shores of the Fox River and Green Bay were home to roughly half the estimated 25,000 Native Americans who lived in what is today Wisconsin . The first Europeans to reach the Fox were French , beginning with explorer Jean Nicolet in 1634 . In 1673 explorers Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet canoed up the river as far as Portage . Here they made the short portage from the Fox to the Wisconsin River and then canoed on toward the Mississippi River . They established an important water route between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River known as the Fox -- Wisconsin Waterway . It was likely long used by Native Americans prior to European encounter , as they had extensive cross-country trading routes related to the Mississippi River .","sentences":["Prior to European settlement in the late 17th century , the shores of the Fox River and Green Bay were home to roughly half the estimated 25,000 Native Americans who lived in what is today Wisconsin .","The first Europeans to reach the Fox were French , beginning with explorer Jean Nicolet in 1634 .","In 1673 explorers Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet canoed up the river as far as Portage .","Here they made the short portage from the Fox to the Wisconsin River and then canoed on toward the Mississippi River .","They established an important water route between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River known as the Fox -- Wisconsin Waterway .","It was likely long used by Native Americans prior to European encounter , as they had extensive cross-country trading routes related to the Mississippi River ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7311423273417044631","input":"where was series 3 of game of thrones filmed","passages":[{"title":"Game of Thrones (season 3)","text":"The mastermind of the massacre is revealed to be Tywin , who awards the House Frey the Seat of Riverrun and appoints Bolton as the Warden of the North . Theon 's captor is revealed to be Ramsay , Bolton 's bastard who let the former 's men leave Winterfell in exchange for surrendering him . Against Balon 's wishes , Yara decides to rescue Theon . Arya and Sandor kill some Frey soldiers mocking Robb 's death . Arriving in the capital with Brienne , Jaime is reunited with Cersei . In the North , Tarly 's party encounters Bran 's and gives them the Dragonglass weapons before arriving back at Castle Black , where he and Maester Aemon send ravens to alert the Seven Kingdoms about the White Walkers . Being hit several times , Jon still manages to escape from Ygritte and returns to Castle Black . In Dragonstone , Davos helps Gendry escape , while Stannis decides to head north and aid the Watch against the White Walker threat , forgiving the former and keeping him . In Essos , the freed slaves of Yunkai receive Daenerys as their `` mother '' .","sentences":["The mastermind of the massacre is revealed to be Tywin , who awards the House Frey the Seat of Riverrun and appoints Bolton as the Warden of the North .","Theon 's captor is revealed to be Ramsay , Bolton 's bastard who let the former 's men leave Winterfell in exchange for surrendering him .","Against Balon 's wishes , Yara decides to rescue Theon .","Arya and Sandor kill some Frey soldiers mocking Robb 's death .","Arriving in the capital with Brienne , Jaime is reunited with Cersei .","In the North , Tarly 's party encounters Bran 's and gives them the Dragonglass weapons before arriving back at Castle Black , where he and Maester Aemon send ravens to alert the Seven Kingdoms about the White Walkers .","Being hit several times , Jon still manages to escape from Ygritte and returns to Castle Black .","In Dragonstone , Davos helps Gendry escape , while Stannis decides to head north and aid the Watch against the White Walker threat , forgiving the former and keeping him .","In Essos , the freed slaves of Yunkai receive Daenerys as their `` mother '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-958381528996915781","input":"who sings a hard rains gonna fall in outlander","passages":[{"title":"A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall","text":"`` When I got back from India , and got to the West Coast , there 's a poet , Charlie Plymell - at a party in Bolinas -- played me a record of this new young folk singer . And I heard `` Hard Rain , '' I think . And wept . ' Cause it seemed that the torch had been passed to another generation . From earlier bohemian , or Beat illumination . And self - empowerment . ''","sentences":["`` When I got back from India , and got to the West Coast , there 's a poet , Charlie Plymell - at a party in Bolinas -- played me a record of this new young folk singer .","And I heard `` Hard Rain , '' I think .","And wept . '","Cause it seemed that the torch had been passed to another generation .","From earlier bohemian , or Beat illumination .","And self - empowerment . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2128615404992386618","input":"what happened to the pirates in captain phillips","passages":[{"title":"Abduwali Muse","text":"According to his indictment , Muse was the first of the four men who boarded the Maersk Alabama . During the attack , he was stabbed in the hand by a sailor . The crew attacked and held Muse hostage while Richard Phillips offered him and the pirates money to leave the Alabama safely on the ship 's lifeboat . However Muse 's fellow pirates forced Phillips into the lifeboat before the Alabama crew could release Muse . All 4 pirates escaped the ship with Phillips held hostage inside the lifeboat . A day later the USS Bainbridge intercepted the lifeboat and navy officers negotiated with the armed pirates for hours and agreed to take Muse on board the Bainbridge to `` meet '' with elders from his clan to negotiate the release of Phillips . After Muse had been taken on board the 3 remaining pirates were shot dead simultaneously before Muse was charged and taken into American custody . Muse was thought to be the first person to be charged with piracy in an American court in more than 100 years , when courts ruled in 1885 that the Ambrose Light was not a pirate vessel . A more recent case , 2008 's United States v. Shi , which was quoted in his indictment , involves murder and a crew member taking over a ship and holding a hostage .","sentences":["According to his indictment , Muse was the first of the four men who boarded the Maersk Alabama .","During the attack , he was stabbed in the hand by a sailor .","The crew attacked and held Muse hostage while Richard Phillips offered him and the pirates money to leave the Alabama safely on the ship 's lifeboat .","However Muse 's fellow pirates forced Phillips into the lifeboat before the Alabama crew could release Muse .","All 4 pirates escaped the ship with Phillips held hostage inside the lifeboat .","A day later the USS Bainbridge intercepted the lifeboat and navy officers negotiated with the armed pirates for hours and agreed to take Muse on board the Bainbridge to `` meet '' with elders from his clan to negotiate the release of Phillips .","After Muse had been taken on board the 3 remaining pirates were shot dead simultaneously before Muse was charged and taken into American custody .","Muse was thought to be the first person to be charged with piracy in an American court in more than 100 years , when courts ruled in 1885 that the Ambrose Light was not a pirate vessel .","A more recent case , 2008 's United States v. Shi , which was quoted in his indictment , involves murder and a crew member taking over a ship and holding a hostage ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2224044742864470326","input":"what happens to alex in a clockwork orange","passages":[{"title":"Alex (A Clockwork Orange)","text":"Alex lives with his parents in a block of flats in a dystopian England in which his brand of `` ultraviolence '' is common . At the age of 15 , he is already a veteran of state reform institutions ( In the film , he is somewhat older ) . While the youngest of his gang , he is the most intelligent , and designates himself as the leader . Another member of the gang , Georgie , resents his high - handedness , and begins plotting against him along with the rest of the gang . One night , the gang breaks into a woman 's house , and Alex assaults and kills her by ramming her face with a sculpture of a penis and testicles ( in the book it is a bust of Beethoven ) . As Alex flees from the house after hearing police sirens , Dim hits him with a milk bottle ( his chain in the book ) and the gang leaves him to be arrested . Alex is found guilty of murder and sentenced to 14 years in prison .","sentences":["Alex lives with his parents in a block of flats in a dystopian England in which his brand of `` ultraviolence '' is common .","At the age of 15 , he is already a veteran of state reform institutions ( In the film , he is somewhat older ) .","While the youngest of his gang , he is the most intelligent , and designates himself as the leader .","Another member of the gang , Georgie , resents his high - handedness , and begins plotting against him along with the rest of the gang .","One night , the gang breaks into a woman 's house , and Alex assaults and kills her by ramming her face with a sculpture of a penis and testicles ( in the book it is a bust of Beethoven ) .","As Alex flees from the house after hearing police sirens , Dim hits him with a milk bottle ( his chain in the book ) and the gang leaves him to be arrested .","Alex is found guilty of murder and sentenced to 14 years in prison ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3009330040776751521","input":"what kind of transport mechanisms are used for reabsorption","passages":[{"title":"Reuptake","text":"The first primary sequence of a reuptake protein was published in 1990 . The technique for protein sequence determination relied upon the purification , sequencing , and cloning of the transporter protein in question , or expression cloning strategies in which transport function was used as an assay for cDNA species coding for that transporter . After separation , it was realized that there were many similarities between the two DNA sequences . Further exploration in the field of reuptake proteins found that many of the transporters associated with important neurotransmitters within the body were also very similar in sequence to the GABA and norepinephrine transporters . The members of this new family include transporters for dopamine , norepinephrine , serotonin , glycine , proline and GABA . They were called Na \/ Cl dependent neurotransmitter transporters . Sodium and Chloride ion dependence will be discussed later in the mechanism of action . Using the commonalities among sequences and hydropathy plot analyses , it was predicted that there are 12 hydrophobic membrane spanning regions in the ' Classical ' transporter family . In addition to this , the N - and C - termini exist in the intracellular space . These proteins also all have an extended extracellular loop between the third and fourth transmembrane sequences . Site - directed chemical labeling experiments verified the predicted topological organization of the serotonin transporter .","sentences":["The first primary sequence of a reuptake protein was published in 1990 .","The technique for protein sequence determination relied upon the purification , sequencing , and cloning of the transporter protein in question , or expression cloning strategies in which transport function was used as an assay for cDNA species coding for that transporter .","After separation , it was realized that there were many similarities between the two DNA sequences .","Further exploration in the field of reuptake proteins found that many of the transporters associated with important neurotransmitters within the body were also very similar in sequence to the GABA and norepinephrine transporters .","The members of this new family include transporters for dopamine , norepinephrine , serotonin , glycine , proline and GABA .","They were called Na \/ Cl dependent neurotransmitter transporters .","Sodium and Chloride ion dependence will be discussed later in the mechanism of action .","Using the commonalities among sequences and hydropathy plot analyses , it was predicted that there are 12 hydrophobic membrane spanning regions in the ' Classical ' transporter family .","In addition to this , the N - and C - termini exist in the intracellular space .","These proteins also all have an extended extracellular loop between the third and fourth transmembrane sequences .","Site - directed chemical labeling experiments verified the predicted topological organization of the serotonin transporter ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5218933964682570125","input":"who was india's president when did first nuclear test where conducted","passages":[{"title":"Pokhran-II","text":"`` Today , at 15 : 45 hours , India conducted three underground nuclear tests in the Pokhran range . The tests conducted today were with a fission device , a low yield device and a thermonuclear device . The measured yields are in line with expected values . Measurements have also confirmed that there was no release of radioactivity into the atmosphere . These were contained explosions like the experiment conducted in May 1974 . I warmly congratulate the scientists and engineers who have carried out these successful tests . ''","sentences":["`` Today , at 15 : 45 hours , India conducted three underground nuclear tests in the Pokhran range .","The tests conducted today were with a fission device , a low yield device and a thermonuclear device .","The measured yields are in line with expected values .","Measurements have also confirmed that there was no release of radioactivity into the atmosphere .","These were contained explosions like the experiment conducted in May 1974 .","I warmly congratulate the scientists and engineers who have carried out these successful tests . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7926006787969816911","input":"what is the name of the lamb in zootopia","passages":[{"title":"Zootopia","text":"On May 6 , 2015 , Bateman and Ginnifer Goodwin were announced as having been cast , respectively in the roles of Nick Wilde and Judy Hopps . The filmmakers chose Bateman because they wanted an actor who could bring `` a funny yet heartfelt side '' with `` a wily , dry - witted sort of voice . '' Bateman described his character as `` a crafty , sarcastic schemer , '' remarking on the role 's similarity to many other roles he had done since he was 12 . He explained that he had said to the directors : `` ' What kind of voice do you guys want me to do ? ' And they just looked at me like I was an idiot and said , ' Just do what you do . Just talk . ' ''","sentences":["On May 6 , 2015 , Bateman and Ginnifer Goodwin were announced as having been cast , respectively in the roles of Nick Wilde and Judy Hopps .","The filmmakers chose Bateman because they wanted an actor who could bring `` a funny yet heartfelt side '' with `` a wily , dry - witted sort of voice . ''","Bateman described his character as `` a crafty , sarcastic schemer , '' remarking on the role 's similarity to many other roles he had done since he was 12 .","He explained that he had said to the directors : `` ' What kind of voice do you guys want me to do ? '","And they just looked at me like I was an idiot and said , ' Just do what you do .","Just talk . ' ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6302784076550466400","input":"where is the second best exotic marigold hotel filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Second Best Exotic Marigold Hotel","text":"( show ) Track listing No . Title Length 1 . `` Discretion '' 0 : 38 2 . `` Second Best Exotic '' 3 : 05 3 . `` Knees Then Names '' 1 : 56 4 . `` Chai '' 1 : 28 5 . `` Catnip '' 1 : 49 6 . `` Yeh Ishq Haaye '' ( Composed by Pritam , Sung by Shreya Ghoshal ) 3 : 55 7 . `` Busy Pensioner Bee '' 1 : 14 8 . `` Nimish & Abhilash '' 1 : 27 9 . `` Roll Call '' 1 : 24 10 . `` Already Gone '' 1 : 16 11 . `` Soft Hiss of Treachery '' 1 : 12 12 . `` Completely Lethal '' 1 : 41 13 . `` Balma '' ( Composed by Himesh Reshammiya , Sung by Shreya Ghoshal & Sriram ) 3 : 48 14 . `` The Fun Never Starts '' 1 : 39 15 . `` Sagai '' 4 : 27 16 . `` Mumbai '' 2 : 16 17 . `` Unreasonable behavior '' 2 : 01 18 . `` The Brilliant Bits '' 2 : 43 19 . `` Aaina '' 1 : 01 20 . `` Bringer of New Things '' 0 : 34 21 . `` Aaila Re Aaila '' ( Composed by Pritam , Sung by Daler Mehndi & Kalpana Patowary ) 3 : 15 22 . `` Scorpions '' 2 : 00 23 . `` Shaadi '' 1 : 26 24 . `` Reservoirs of Affection '' 1 : 23 25 . `` Wedding '' 4 : 21 26 . `` Jhoom Barabar Jhoom '' ( Composed by Shankar - Ehsaan - Loy , Sung by KK , Sukhwinder Singh , Shankar Mahadevan & Mahalaxmi Iyer ) 3 : 38 27 . `` Life Piled On Life '' 1 : 06 28 . `` Map of The World ( End Title ) '' 4 : 42","sentences":["( show )","Track listing No .","Title Length 1 .","`` Discretion '' 0 : 38 2 .","`` Second Best Exotic '' 3 : 05 3 .","`` Knees Then Names '' 1 : 56 4 .","`` Chai ''","1 : 28 5 .","`` Catnip '' 1 : 49 6 .","`` Yeh Ishq Haaye '' ( Composed by Pritam , Sung by Shreya Ghoshal ) 3 : 55 7 .","`` Busy Pensioner Bee '' 1 : 14 8 .","`` Nimish & Abhilash '' 1 : 27 9 .","`` Roll Call '' 1 : 24 10 .","`` Already Gone '' 1 : 16 11 .","`` Soft Hiss of Treachery '' 1 : 12 12 .","`` Completely Lethal '' 1 : 41 13 .","`` Balma '' ( Composed by Himesh Reshammiya , Sung by Shreya Ghoshal & Sriram ) 3 : 48 14 .","`` The Fun Never Starts '' 1 : 39 15 .","`` Sagai '' 4 : 27 16 .","`` Mumbai '' 2 : 16 17 .","`` Unreasonable behavior '' 2 : 01 18 .","`` The Brilliant Bits '' 2 : 43 19 .","`` Aaina '' 1 : 01 20 .","`` Bringer of New Things '' 0 : 34 21 .","`` Aaila Re Aaila '' ( Composed by Pritam , Sung by Daler Mehndi & Kalpana Patowary ) 3 : 15 22 .","`` Scorpions '' 2 : 00 23 .","`` Shaadi '' 1 : 26 24 .","`` Reservoirs of Affection '' 1 : 23 25 .","`` Wedding '' 4 : 21 26 .","`` Jhoom Barabar Jhoom '' ( Composed by Shankar - Ehsaan - Loy , Sung by KK , Sukhwinder Singh , Shankar Mahadevan & Mahalaxmi Iyer ) 3 : 38 27 .","`` Life Piled On Life '' 1 : 06 28 .","`` Map of The World ( End Title ) ''","4 : 42"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4156290059746492659","input":"where was the mountain between us movie filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Mountain Between Us (film)","text":"In January , after the cancellation of their flight out of Boise Airport to Denver , due to stormy weather , neurosurgeon Dr. Ben Bass ( Idris Elba ) and photojournalist Alex Martin ( Kate Winslet ) hire Walter ( Beau Bridges ) , a local private pilot to get them to Salt Lake City , for connecting flights to Alex 's wedding in New York ( scheduled the following day ) and Ben 's emergency surgery appointment in Baltimore , Maryland . As they board a small plane , along with Walter 's dog , Alex asks Walter if he has filed a flight plan , to which he says no , he does n't need to , as `` ... it 's still light out ... '' , they 're flying VFR , and they 'll beat the approaching storm . He tells them he flew combat missions in Vietnam , so unless somebody is shooting at them , they 'll get there . Minutes after takeoff , Walter points out they 're over the High Uintas Wilderness , ' a million acres of pure ass wilderness ' . Alex notices the storm is ahead , as Walter suffers a stroke , causing the plane to crash on a mountaintop . Ben , Alex , and the dog survive , with various injuries , but Walter is killed .","sentences":["In January , after the cancellation of their flight out of Boise Airport to Denver , due to stormy weather , neurosurgeon Dr. Ben Bass ( Idris Elba ) and photojournalist Alex Martin ( Kate Winslet ) hire Walter ( Beau Bridges ) , a local private pilot to get them to Salt Lake City , for connecting flights to Alex 's wedding in New York ( scheduled the following day ) and Ben 's emergency surgery appointment in Baltimore , Maryland .","As they board a small plane , along with Walter 's dog , Alex asks Walter if he has filed a flight plan , to which he says no , he does n't need to , as `` ...","it 's still light out ... '' , they 're flying VFR , and they 'll beat the approaching storm .","He tells them he flew combat missions in Vietnam , so unless somebody is shooting at them , they 'll get there .","Minutes after takeoff , Walter points out they 're over the High Uintas Wilderness , ' a million acres of pure ass wilderness ' .","Alex notices the storm is ahead , as Walter suffers a stroke , causing the plane to crash on a mountaintop .","Ben , Alex , and the dog survive , with various injuries , but Walter is killed ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5307319831284334609","input":"when was the last time naples was hit by a hurricane","passages":[{"title":"1935 Labor Day hurricane","text":"As with the Islamorada memorial no names appear . Nor were the individual grave sites marked . Again the VA chose not to obey the President 's order , this time to rebury the unclaimed bodies at Arlington . Two bodies were , however , exhumed by the families : Brady C. Lewis on Nov. 12 , 1936 ; and , Thomas K. Moore on Jan. 20 , 1937 ( reburied at Arlington ) . Five more received grave markers at Woodlawn , leaving 74 unmarked graves of identified veterans . Efforts are ongoing to mark all these graves .","sentences":["As with the Islamorada memorial no names appear .","Nor were the individual grave sites marked .","Again the VA chose not to obey the President 's order , this time to rebury the unclaimed bodies at Arlington .","Two bodies were , however , exhumed by the families : Brady C. Lewis on Nov. 12 , 1936 ; and , Thomas K. Moore on Jan. 20 , 1937 ( reburied at Arlington ) .","Five more received grave markers at Woodlawn , leaving 74 unmarked graves of identified veterans .","Efforts are ongoing to mark all these graves ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6102628329143907145","input":"what city on earth is named after planet mars","passages":[{"title":"Mars","text":"On March 18 , 2013 , NASA reported evidence from instruments on the Curiosity rover of mineral hydration , likely hydrated calcium sulfate , in several rock samples including the broken fragments of `` Tintina '' rock and `` Sutton Inlier '' rock as well as in veins and nodules in other rocks like `` Knorr '' rock and `` Wernicke '' rock . Analysis using the rover 's DAN instrument provided evidence of subsurface water , amounting to as much as 4 % water content , down to a depth of 60 cm ( 24 in ) , during the rover 's traverse from the Bradbury Landing site to the Yellowknife Bay area in the Glenelg terrain . In September 2015 , NASA announced that they had found conclusive evidence of hydrated brine flows on recurring slope lineae , based on spectrometer readings of the darkened areas of slopes . These observations provided confirmation of earlier hypotheses based on timing of formation and their rate of growth , that these dark streaks resulted from water flowing in the very shallow subsurface . The streaks contain hydrated salts , perchlorates , which have water molecules in their crystal structure . The streaks flow downhill in Martian summer , when the temperature is above \u2212 23 degrees Celsius , and freeze at lower temperatures .","sentences":["On March 18 , 2013 , NASA reported evidence from instruments on the Curiosity rover of mineral hydration , likely hydrated calcium sulfate , in several rock samples including the broken fragments of `` Tintina '' rock and `` Sutton Inlier '' rock as well as in veins and nodules in other rocks like `` Knorr '' rock and `` Wernicke '' rock .","Analysis using the rover 's DAN instrument provided evidence of subsurface water , amounting to as much as 4 % water content , down to a depth of 60 cm ( 24 in ) , during the rover 's traverse from the Bradbury Landing site to the Yellowknife Bay area in the Glenelg terrain .","In September 2015 , NASA announced that they had found conclusive evidence of hydrated brine flows on recurring slope lineae , based on spectrometer readings of the darkened areas of slopes .","These observations provided confirmation of earlier hypotheses based on timing of formation and their rate of growth , that these dark streaks resulted from water flowing in the very shallow subsurface .","The streaks contain hydrated salts , perchlorates , which have water molecules in their crystal structure .","The streaks flow downhill in Martian summer , when the temperature is above \u2212 23 degrees Celsius , and freeze at lower temperatures ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8359741883533994626","input":"who was the commander chosen to lead the colony","passages":[{"title":"Arthur Phillip","text":"By 1790 the situation had stabilised . The population of about 2,000 was adequately housed and fresh food was being grown . Phillip assigned a convict , James Ruse , land at Rose Hill ( now Parramatta ) to establish proper farming , and when Ruse succeeded he received the first land grant in the colony . Other convicts followed his example . Sirius was wrecked in March 1790 at the satellite settlement of Norfolk Island , depriving Phillip of vital supplies . In June 1790 the Second Fleet arrived with hundreds more convicts , most of them too sick to work . Statue","sentences":["By 1790 the situation had stabilised .","The population of about 2,000 was adequately housed and fresh food was being grown .","Phillip assigned a convict , James Ruse , land at Rose Hill ( now Parramatta ) to establish proper farming , and when Ruse succeeded he received the first land grant in the colony .","Other convicts followed his example .","Sirius was wrecked in March 1790 at the satellite settlement of Norfolk Island , depriving Phillip of vital supplies .","In June 1790 the Second Fleet arrived with hundreds more convicts , most of them too sick to work .","Statue"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"936231701246406836","input":"how is chromatin organised in the interphase nucleus","passages":[{"title":"Chromatin","text":"Year Who Award 1910 Albrecht Kossel ( University of Heidelberg ) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the five nuclear bases : adenine , cytosine , guanine , thymine , and uracil . 1933 Thomas Hunt Morgan ( California Institute of Technology ) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries of the role played by the gene and chromosome in heredity , based on his studies of the white - eyed mutation in the fruit fly Drosophila . 1962 Francis Crick , James Watson and Maurice Wilkins ( MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Harvard University and London University respectively ) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries of the double helix structure of DNA and its significance for information transfer in living material . 1982 Aaron Klug ( MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology ) Nobel Prize in Chemistry `` for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid - protein complexes '' Richard J. Roberts and Phillip A. Sharp Nobel Prize in Physiology `` for their independent discoveries of split genes , '' in which DNA sections called exons express proteins , and are interrupted by DNA sections called introns , which do not express proteins . 2006 Roger Kornberg ( Stanford University ) Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of the mechanism by which DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA .","sentences":["Year Who Award 1910 Albrecht Kossel ( University of Heidelberg ) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the five nuclear bases : adenine , cytosine , guanine , thymine , and uracil .","1933","Thomas Hunt Morgan ( California Institute of Technology ) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries of the role played by the gene and chromosome in heredity , based on his studies of the white - eyed mutation in the fruit fly Drosophila .","1962","Francis Crick , James Watson and Maurice Wilkins ( MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Harvard University and London University respectively ) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries of the double helix structure of DNA and its significance for information transfer in living material .","1982","Aaron Klug ( MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology ) Nobel Prize in Chemistry `` for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid - protein complexes '' Richard J. Roberts and Phillip A. Sharp Nobel Prize in Physiology `` for their independent discoveries of split genes , '' in which DNA sections called exons express proteins , and are interrupted by DNA sections called introns , which do not express proteins .","2006","Roger Kornberg ( Stanford University ) Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of the mechanism by which DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8265107865445480366","input":"who created the world that wicked lives in","passages":[{"title":"Wicked (musical)","text":"Meanwhile , back at the castle , Fiyero ( now a scarecrow ) comes to the spot where Elphaba was melted . Making sure that no one is observing , he knocks on the floor and out from a trap door steps Elphaba , very much alive ; the entire thing was a ruse to convince her enemies of her death and to ensure her future with Fiyero , who was transformed into the scarecrow by her spell in the process . Before leaving , Elphaba regrets that she 'll never see Glinda again and tell her that she and Fiyero are alive . Simultaneously , returning to the musical 's starting point , Glinda reports to the people of Oz that the Wicked Witch of the West has been killed and promises to properly earn her title as Glinda the Good . As the people celebrate and Glinda mourns , Elphaba and Fiyero leave Oz behind . ( `` Finale '' )","sentences":["Meanwhile , back at the castle , Fiyero ( now a scarecrow ) comes to the spot where Elphaba was melted .","Making sure that no one is observing , he knocks on the floor and out from a trap door steps Elphaba , very much alive ; the entire thing was a ruse to convince her enemies of her death and to ensure her future with Fiyero , who was transformed into the scarecrow by her spell in the process .","Before leaving , Elphaba regrets that she 'll never see Glinda again and tell her that she and Fiyero are alive .","Simultaneously , returning to the musical 's starting point , Glinda reports to the people of Oz that the Wicked Witch of the West has been killed and promises to properly earn her title as Glinda the Good .","As the people celebrate and Glinda mourns , Elphaba and Fiyero leave Oz behind .","( `` Finale '' )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5204193232599411119","input":"why is it important for an ordinary filipino to be aware of the philippine politics","passages":[{"title":"Politics of the Philippines","text":"Each bill needs the consent of both houses in order to be submitted to the president for his signature . If the president vetoes the bill , Congress can override the veto with a two - thirds supermajority . If either house voted down on a bill or fails to act on it after an adjournment sine die , the bill is lost and would have to be proposed to the next congress , with the process starting all over again . Congress ' decisions are mostly via majority vote , except for voting on constitutional amendments and other matters . Each house has its own inherent power , with the Senate given the power to vote on treaties , while the House of Representatives can only introduce money bills . The constitution provides Congress with impeachment powers , with the House of Representatives having the power to impeach , and the Senate having the power to try the impeached official .","sentences":["Each bill needs the consent of both houses in order to be submitted to the president for his signature .","If the president vetoes the bill , Congress can override the veto with a two - thirds supermajority .","If either house voted down on a bill or fails to act on it after an adjournment sine die , the bill is lost and would have to be proposed to the next congress , with the process starting all over again .","Congress ' decisions are mostly via majority vote , except for voting on constitutional amendments and other matters .","Each house has its own inherent power , with the Senate given the power to vote on treaties , while the House of Representatives can only introduce money bills .","The constitution provides Congress with impeachment powers , with the House of Representatives having the power to impeach , and the Senate having the power to try the impeached official ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6453985335174197638","input":"what part of north america did the dutch claim","passages":[{"title":"Dutch colonization of the Americas","text":"In 1600 , the Chilean city of Valdivia was conquered by the Dutch pirate Sebastian de Cordes . He left the city after a few months . In 1642 , the VOC and WIC sent a fleet to Chile to conquer Valdivia and its supposed gold mines . This expedition was led by Hendrik Brouwer , a Dutch admiral . In 1643 , Brouwer died before effecting the conquest of the Chilo\u00e9 Archipelago ; his lieutenant Elias Herckmans succeeded in capturing the ruins of the city , which he refortified and named Brouwershaven . Finding no gold but many hostile natives , the Dutch soon abandoned the outpost .","sentences":["In 1600 , the Chilean city of Valdivia was conquered by the Dutch pirate Sebastian de Cordes .","He left the city after a few months .","In 1642 , the VOC and WIC sent a fleet to Chile to conquer Valdivia and its supposed gold mines .","This expedition was led by Hendrik Brouwer , a Dutch admiral .","In 1643 , Brouwer died before effecting the conquest of the Chilo\u00e9 Archipelago ; his lieutenant Elias Herckmans succeeded in capturing the ruins of the city , which he refortified and named Brouwershaven .","Finding no gold but many hostile natives , the Dutch soon abandoned the outpost ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2037380931211633060","input":"when does fast and furious 8 come out on red box","passages":[{"title":"The Fate of the Furious","text":"Diesel further hinted at an eighth film on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! when he stated that Kurt Russell 's character would span multiple films . He also stated that the next film would take place in New York City . Chris Morgan wrote his sixth script in the franchise , while Neal H. Moritz returned to produce . Moritz later stated , `` ( The story ) is going to have to be something enticing for all of us . It has to be as good as or better ( than Furious 7 ) '' .","sentences":["Diesel further hinted at an eighth film on Jimmy Kimmel Live !","when he stated that Kurt Russell 's character would span multiple films .","He also stated that the next film would take place in New York City .","Chris Morgan wrote his sixth script in the franchise , while Neal H. Moritz returned to produce .","Moritz later stated , `` ( The story ) is going to have to be something enticing for all of us .","It has to be as good as or better ( than Furious 7 ) '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"441744999358694195","input":"where was the woody the woodpecker movie filmed","passages":[{"title":"Woody Woodpecker (2017 film)","text":"Woody Woodpecker is a 2017 American live - action \/ computer - animated family comedy film produced by Mike Elliott and directed by Alex Zamm , based on the cartoon character of the same name created by Walter Lantz and Ben Hardaway . The film stars the voice of Eric Bauza as Woody Woodpecker , and also stars Timothy Omundson as Lance Walters , a divorced attorney with a son and a new girlfriend who wants to build a dream home in a forest in the mountains of Washington , only to find out he is cutting down a tree in which the eponymous woodpecker lives . The film was first released in theaters in Brazil on October 5 , 2017 . It was released in the United States on DVD on February 6 , 2018 . While the movie itself was filmed in the English - language , it was focused on the Brazilian public , since the character is still extremely popular in the country . The film received negative reviews from critics .","sentences":["Woody Woodpecker is a 2017 American live - action \/ computer - animated family comedy film produced by Mike Elliott and directed by Alex Zamm , based on the cartoon character of the same name created by Walter Lantz and Ben Hardaway .","The film stars the voice of Eric Bauza as Woody Woodpecker , and also stars Timothy Omundson as Lance Walters , a divorced attorney with a son and a new girlfriend who wants to build a dream home in a forest in the mountains of Washington , only to find out he is cutting down a tree in which the eponymous woodpecker lives .","The film was first released in theaters in Brazil on October 5 , 2017 .","It was released in the United States on DVD on February 6 , 2018 .","While the movie itself was filmed in the English - language , it was focused on the Brazilian public , since the character is still extremely popular in the country .","The film received negative reviews from critics ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8564178852406387182","input":"what is the difference between the tango and argentine tango","passages":[{"title":"Argentine tango","text":"Argentine tango dancing in the UK began in the early 1990s in response to the hugely popular internationally touring shows `` Forever Tango '' and `` Tango Argentino '' . Enthusiastic Anglo - Argentine milonguero ( dance hall tango dancer ) Andrew Potter who had followed `` Forever Tango '' to London and stayed for its extensive run , got together with some Londoner friends to start the city 's first ever tango milonga ( tango dance party \/ hall ) in The London Welsh Centre at 157 , Grays Inn Road , known as `` Tango The Argentine Way '' which would pack out every Friday night . From that moment , the tango dances and classes proliferated throughout the Capital and then throughout the rest of the UK . Today , tango in its various manifestations ( milonguero , tango nuevo , Villa Urquiza etc . ) can be found in most of Britain 's major towns and cities and throughout the year there are special seasonal courses and retreats when visiting star teachers from Argentina and Europe offer special workshops in the dance . In general , outside of Argentina , the music of tango has followed the dance in popularity , rather than the other way round ( in Argentina the music came before the dance ) but over the last twenty years a tango music tradition has grown in size and excellence with bands like Tango Siempre at the forefront .","sentences":["Argentine tango dancing in the UK began in the early 1990s in response to the hugely popular internationally touring shows `` Forever Tango '' and `` Tango Argentino '' .","Enthusiastic Anglo - Argentine milonguero ( dance hall tango dancer )","Andrew Potter who had followed `` Forever Tango '' to London and stayed for its extensive run , got together with some Londoner friends to start the city 's first ever tango milonga ( tango dance party \/ hall ) in The London Welsh Centre at 157 , Grays Inn Road , known as `` Tango The Argentine Way '' which would pack out every Friday night .","From that moment , the tango dances and classes proliferated throughout the Capital and then throughout the rest of the UK .","Today , tango in its various manifestations ( milonguero , tango nuevo , Villa Urquiza etc . ) can be found in most of Britain 's major towns and cities and throughout the year there are special seasonal courses and retreats when visiting star teachers from Argentina and Europe offer special workshops in the dance .","In general , outside of Argentina , the music of tango has followed the dance in popularity , rather than the other way round ( in Argentina the music came before the dance ) but over the last twenty years a tango music tradition has grown in size and excellence with bands like Tango Siempre at the forefront ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3195337049512103244","input":"what two factors are key in forming planets and stars","passages":[{"title":"Star formation","text":"A supermassive black hole at the core of a galaxy may serve to regulate the rate of star formation in a galactic nucleus . A black hole that is accreting infalling matter can become active , emitting a strong wind through a collimated relativistic jet . This can limit further star formation . Massive black holes ejecting radio - frequency - emitting particles at near - light speed can also block the formation of new stars in aging galaxies . However , the radio emissions around the jets may also trigger star formation . Likewise , a weaker jet may trigger star formation when it collides with a cloud . Dwarf","sentences":["A supermassive black hole at the core of a galaxy may serve to regulate the rate of star formation in a galactic nucleus .","A black hole that is accreting infalling matter can become active , emitting a strong wind through a collimated relativistic jet .","This can limit further star formation .","Massive black holes ejecting radio - frequency - emitting particles at near - light speed can also block the formation of new stars in aging galaxies .","However , the radio emissions around the jets may also trigger star formation .","Likewise , a weaker jet may trigger star formation when it collides with a cloud .","Dwarf"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4827566639283543380","input":"where is the differential located on a car","passages":[{"title":"Differential (mechanical device)","text":"Non-automotive uses of differentials include performing analog arithmetic . Two of the differential 's three shafts are made to rotate through angles that represent ( are proportional to ) two numbers , and the angle of the third shaft 's rotation represents the sum or difference of the two input numbers . The earliest known use of a differential gear is in the Antikythera mechanism , circa 80 BCE , which used a differential gear to control a small sphere representing the moon from the difference between the sun and moon position pointers . The ball was painted black and white in hemispheres , and graphically showed the phase of the moon at a particular point in time . See also the Chinese South - pointing chariot . An equation clock that used a differential for addition was made in 1720 . In the 20th Century , large assemblies of many differentials were used as analog computers , calculating , for example , the direction in which a gun should be aimed . However , the development of electronic digital computers has made these uses of differentials obsolete . Military uses may still exist , for example , for a hypothetical computer designed to survive an electromagnetic pulse . Practically all the differentials that are now made are used in automobiles and similar vehicles .","sentences":["Non-automotive uses of differentials include performing analog arithmetic .","Two of the differential 's three shafts are made to rotate through angles that represent ( are proportional to ) two numbers , and the angle of the third shaft 's rotation represents the sum or difference of the two input numbers .","The earliest known use of a differential gear is in the Antikythera mechanism , circa 80 BCE , which used a differential gear to control a small sphere representing the moon from the difference between the sun and moon position pointers .","The ball was painted black and white in hemispheres , and graphically showed the phase of the moon at a particular point in time .","See also the Chinese South - pointing chariot .","An equation clock that used a differential for addition was made in 1720 .","In the 20th Century , large assemblies of many differentials were used as analog computers , calculating , for example , the direction in which a gun should be aimed .","However , the development of electronic digital computers has made these uses of differentials obsolete .","Military uses may still exist , for example , for a hypothetical computer designed to survive an electromagnetic pulse .","Practically all the differentials that are now made are used in automobiles and similar vehicles ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3356639028487062536","input":"who was the german general his nickname and the city he was stopped at","passages":[{"title":"Erwin Rommel","text":"In the wake of the successful British offensive in November 1942 and other military reverses , the Propaganda Ministry directed the media to emphasize Rommel 's invincibility . The charade was maintained until the spring of 1943 , even as the German situation in Africa became increasingly precarious . To ensure that the inevitable defeat in Africa would not be associated with Rommel 's name , Goebbels had the Supreme High Command announce in May 1943 that Rommel was on a two - month leave for health reasons . Instead , the campaign was presented , by Berndt , who resumed his role in the Propaganda Ministry , as a ruse to tie down the British Empire while Germany was turning Europe into an impenetrable fortress , with Rommel at the helm of this success . After the radio program ran in May 1943 , Rommel sent Berndt a case of cigars as a sign of his gratitude . One","sentences":["In the wake of the successful British offensive in November 1942 and other military reverses , the Propaganda Ministry directed the media to emphasize Rommel 's invincibility .","The charade was maintained until the spring of 1943 , even as the German situation in Africa became increasingly precarious .","To ensure that the inevitable defeat in Africa would not be associated with Rommel 's name , Goebbels had the Supreme High Command announce in May 1943 that Rommel was on a two - month leave for health reasons .","Instead , the campaign was presented , by Berndt , who resumed his role in the Propaganda Ministry , as a ruse to tie down the British Empire while Germany was turning Europe into an impenetrable fortress , with Rommel at the helm of this success .","After the radio program ran in May 1943 , Rommel sent Berndt a case of cigars as a sign of his gratitude .","One"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7982710334855492991","input":"why are arctic foxes white in the winter","passages":[{"title":"Arctic fox","text":"The Arctic fox lives in some of the most frigid extremes on the planet , but they do not start to shiver until the temperature drops to \u2212 70 \u00b0 C ( \u2212 94 \u00b0 F ) . Among its adaptations for survival in the cold is its dense , multilayered pelage , which provides excellent insulation . Additionally , the Arctic fox is the only canid whose foot pads are covered in fur . There are two genetically distinct coat color morphs : white and blue . In the winter the white morph is white in color and turns brown along the back with light grey around the abdomen in summer . The blue morph is often a dark blue , brown , or grey color year - round . Although the blue allele is dominant over the white allele , 99 % of the Arctic fox population is the white morph . The fur of the Arctic fox provides the best insulation of any mammal .","sentences":["The Arctic fox lives in some of the most frigid extremes on the planet , but they do not start to shiver until the temperature drops to \u2212 70 \u00b0 C ( \u2212 94 \u00b0 F ) .","Among its adaptations for survival in the cold is its dense , multilayered pelage , which provides excellent insulation .","Additionally , the Arctic fox is the only canid whose foot pads are covered in fur .","There are two genetically distinct coat color morphs : white and blue .","In the winter the white morph is white in color and turns brown along the back with light grey around the abdomen in summer .","The blue morph is often a dark blue , brown , or grey color year - round .","Although the blue allele is dominant over the white allele , 99 % of the Arctic fox population is the white morph .","The fur of the Arctic fox provides the best insulation of any mammal ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-125973999654982719","input":"what is the address of the bull on wall street","passages":[{"title":"Charging Bull","text":"Di Modica has asked that the statue of the girl be removed , arguing that the piece exploits his work for commercial purposes and alters the perception of the bull . He has called Fearless Girl `` an advertising trick '' that he wanted relocated , citing its political messaging . Visbal expressed no antipathy to his bull statue , but said regarding her newer work , `` I made sure to keep her features soft ; she 's not defiant , she 's brave , proud and strong , not belligerent . '' On April 12 , 2017 , Di Modica and his attorney , former New York Civil Liberties Union director Norman Siegel , challenged city officials who let the Fearless Girl statue be installed . Di Modica states the statue corrupts Charging Bull 's artistic integrity by distorting the intent of his statue from `` a symbol of prosperity and for strength '' into a villain , and does so for SSgA 's commercial gain . Siegel said a lawsuit had not been filed as of yet . After Fearless Girl had been in place for thirteen months , New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio announced that both Charging Bull and Fearless Girl would be moved to a location facing the New York Stock Exchange .","sentences":["Di Modica has asked that the statue of the girl be removed , arguing that the piece exploits his work for commercial purposes and alters the perception of the bull .","He has called Fearless Girl `` an advertising trick '' that he wanted relocated , citing its political messaging .","Visbal expressed no antipathy to his bull statue , but said regarding her newer work , `` I made sure to keep her features soft ; she 's not defiant , she 's brave , proud and strong , not belligerent . ''","On April 12 , 2017 , Di Modica and his attorney , former New York Civil Liberties Union director Norman Siegel , challenged city officials who let the Fearless Girl statue be installed .","Di Modica states the statue corrupts Charging Bull 's artistic integrity by distorting the intent of his statue from `` a symbol of prosperity and for strength '' into a villain , and does so for SSgA 's commercial gain .","Siegel said a lawsuit had not been filed as of yet .","After Fearless Girl had been in place for thirteen months , New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio announced that both Charging Bull and Fearless Girl would be moved to a location facing the New York Stock Exchange ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3746196462639737926","input":"summary and analysis of native son by richard wright","passages":[{"title":"Native Son","text":"Bigger has a similar experience . He muses , `` He had done this . He had brought all this about . In all of his life these two murders were the most meaningful things that had ever happened to him . He was living , truly and deeply , no matter what others might think , looking at him with their blind eyes . Never had he had the chance to live out the consequences of his actions : never had his will been so free as in this night and day of fear and murder and flight '' . It is the first time in the novel where Bigger does not throw the blame on others but instead asserts that he was responsible for his actions . Through that , he finally experiences free will and finds freedom .","sentences":["Bigger has a similar experience .","He muses , `` He had done this .","He had brought all this about .","In all of his life these two murders were the most meaningful things that had ever happened to him .","He was living , truly and deeply , no matter what others might think , looking at him with their blind eyes .","Never had he had the chance to live out the consequences of his actions : never had his will been so free as in this night and day of fear and murder and flight '' .","It is the first time in the novel where Bigger does not throw the blame on others but instead asserts that he was responsible for his actions .","Through that , he finally experiences free will and finds freedom ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1143329213994692295","input":"how much does a 1999 ford f350 weight","passages":[{"title":"Ford Super Duty","text":"Wheelbase : 172.4 '' ( Crew cab , long bed ) Payload : 4920 lbs ( 2011 ) , 5260 lbs ( 2012 ) , 5880 lbs ( 2013 ) , 5,450 lbs ( 2015 ) Towing capacity : 24,400 lbs ( 2011 ) , 24,500 lbs ( 2012 ) , 24,700 lbs ( 2013 ) , 31,200 lbs ( 2015 ) Front GAWR : 5,940 lbs Rear GAWR : 9,100 lbs GVWR : 13,050 lbs ( 2011 ) , 13,300 lbs ( 2012 ) , 14,000 lbs ( 2013 ) , 14,000 lbs ( 2015 ) GCWR : 33,000 lbs , 40,000 lbs ( 2015 ) Axle gear ratio : 4.30 : 1 4x4 only . No two - wheel drive . Alcoa Forged wheels are the only available wheels . LT245 \/ 75R17 ( 2011 - 2014 ) MT225 \/ 70R19. 5 ( 2015 )","sentences":["Wheelbase : 172.4 '' ( Crew cab , long bed ) Payload : 4920 lbs ( 2011 ) , 5260 lbs ( 2012 ) , 5880 lbs ( 2013 ) , 5,450 lbs ( 2015 )","Towing capacity : 24,400 lbs ( 2011 ) , 24,500 lbs ( 2012 ) , 24,700 lbs ( 2013 ) , 31,200 lbs ( 2015 )","Front GAWR : 5,940 lbs Rear GAWR : 9,100 lbs GVWR : 13,050 lbs ( 2011 ) , 13,300 lbs ( 2012 ) , 14,000 lbs ( 2013 ) , 14,000 lbs ( 2015 ) GCWR : 33,000 lbs , 40,000 lbs ( 2015 )","Axle gear ratio : 4.30 : 1 4x4 only .","No two - wheel drive .","Alcoa Forged wheels are the only available wheels .","LT245 \/ 75R17","( 2011 - 2014 ) MT225 \/ 70R19. 5 ( 2015 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-20817318193442647","input":"when was the last time bayonets were used in combat","passages":[{"title":"Bayonet","text":"Early bayonets were of the `` plug '' type , where the bayonet was fitted directly into the barrel of the musket . This allowed light infantry to be converted to heavy infantry and hold off cavalry charges . The bayonet had a round handle that slid directly into the musket barrel . This naturally prevented the gun from being fired . In 1671 , plug bayonets were issued to the French regiment of fusiliers then raised . They were issued to part of an English dragoon regiment raised in 1672 and disbanded in 1674 , and to the Royal Fusiliers when raised in 1685 . The danger incurred by the use of this bayonet ( which put a stop to all fire ) was felt so early that the younger Puys\u00e9gur invented a socket bayonet in 1678 that fitted over the muzzle using a circular band of metal , allowing the musket to be loaded and fired . However , it was not widely adopted at the time . Socket","sentences":["Early bayonets were of the `` plug '' type , where the bayonet was fitted directly into the barrel of the musket .","This allowed light infantry to be converted to heavy infantry and hold off cavalry charges .","The bayonet had a round handle that slid directly into the musket barrel .","This naturally prevented the gun from being fired .","In 1671 , plug bayonets were issued to the French regiment of fusiliers then raised .","They were issued to part of an English dragoon regiment raised in 1672 and disbanded in 1674 , and to the Royal Fusiliers when raised in 1685 .","The danger incurred by the use of this bayonet ( which put a stop to all fire ) was felt so early that the younger Puys\u00e9gur invented a socket bayonet in 1678 that fitted over the muzzle using a circular band of metal , allowing the musket to be loaded and fired .","However , it was not widely adopted at the time .","Socket"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8898110416041178080","input":"ye rishta kia kehlata hai 23 june 2017 full episode","passages":[{"title":"Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai","text":"This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia 's quality standards . The specific problem is : Per WP : TVCAST , cast lists need to be reorganised chronologically , with newer members of the cast being added to the bottom of each list . Ex : Someone introduced in 2009 belongs above someone introduced in 2017 . Note also that `` Former cast '' is not a valid subsection of cast , as cast members do not cease being important just by leaving a TV series . Please help improve this section if you can . ( September 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia 's quality standards .","The specific problem is : Per WP : TVCAST , cast lists need to be reorganised chronologically , with newer members of the cast being added to the bottom of each list .","Ex : Someone introduced in 2009 belongs above someone introduced in 2017 .","Note also that `` Former cast '' is not a valid subsection of cast , as cast members do not cease being important just by leaving a TV series .","Please help improve this section if you can .","( September 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2787649601632269452","input":"what is the location on earth relative to the equator","passages":[{"title":"Equator","text":"Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 29.7 ( 85.5 ) 29.2 ( 84.6 ) 29.3 ( 84.7 ) 29.5 ( 85.1 ) 30.0 ( 86 ) 30.3 ( 86.5 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 31.5 ( 88.7 ) 32.1 ( 89.8 ) 32.6 ( 90.7 ) 32.3 ( 90.1 ) 31.4 ( 88.5 ) 30.71 ( 87.28 )","sentences":["Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 29.7 ( 85.5 ) 29.2","( 84.6 ) 29.3","( 84.7 ) 29.5 ( 85.1 ) 30.0","( 86 ) 30.3 ( 86.5 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 31.5 ( 88.7 ) 32.1 ( 89.8 ) 32.6","( 90.7 )","32.3 ( 90.1 ) 31.4 ( 88.5 ) 30.71 ( 87.28 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3326429166356870953","input":"who did paul walker play on the young and the restless","passages":[{"title":"Paul Williams (The Young and the Restless)","text":"Doug Davidson joined the cast of the show on May 15 , 1978 . Its creator , William J. Bell , discovered him during one of Bell 's trips to Chicago , while Davidson was modelling for magazines . The actor learned that he had been cast as Paul when a costumer contacted him for measurements . Before joining the soap opera Davidson studied marine biology , abandoning his studies to pursue acting full - time . Former executive producer Wes Kenny had a profound impact on his career : `` Wes taught me to listen , respond and to play the situation '' . In mid-1979 Davidson signed a five - year contract , and began receiving more airtime . In September 1994 he was hired to host The New Price Is Right , which taped down the hall from The Young and the Restless at CBS Television City .","sentences":["Doug Davidson joined the cast of the show on May 15 , 1978 .","Its creator , William J. Bell , discovered him during one of Bell 's trips to Chicago , while Davidson was modelling for magazines .","The actor learned that he had been cast as Paul when a costumer contacted him for measurements .","Before joining the soap opera Davidson studied marine biology , abandoning his studies to pursue acting full - time .","Former executive producer Wes Kenny had a profound impact on his career : `` Wes taught me to listen , respond and to play the situation '' .","In mid-1979 Davidson signed a five - year contract , and began receiving more airtime .","In September 1994 he was hired to host The New Price Is Right , which taped down the hall from The Young and the Restless at CBS Television City ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5444107694428470305","input":"where was season 7 episode 5 game of thrones filmed","passages":[{"title":"Game of Thrones (season 7)","text":"Jon arrives at Dragonstone . Daenerys demands his fealty . He refuses and focuses instead on convincing her to fight the Army of the Dead . Following Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys grants Jon access to the island 's dragonglass . Melisandre hides her presence from Jon and leaves for Volantis . Bran arrives at Winterfell and reveals his newfound role as the Three - Eyed Raven to Sansa . In King 's Landing , Euron returns with Ellaria and Tyene as a gift for Cersei , who promises to marry him after the war is won . She also awards him co-control of her military alongside Jaime . Cersei administers the same poison to Tyene used to kill Myrcella , forcing Ellaria to watch her daughter 's impending death . In Oldtown , a healed Jorah leaves to find Daenerys . Ebrose forgives Samwell . Grey Worm and the Unsullied attack Casterly Rock , only to find it mostly abandoned . Jaime led most of the Lannister forces in an attack on Highgarden , while Euron 's fleet ambushes and destroys the Unsullied 's ships . The Lannister forces overwhelm Olenna 's army . Jaime induces Olenna to drink poison , offering her a quick and painless death . After drinking it , she confesses to poisoning Joffrey .","sentences":["Jon arrives at Dragonstone .","Daenerys demands his fealty .","He refuses and focuses instead on convincing her to fight the Army of the Dead .","Following Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys grants Jon access to the island 's dragonglass .","Melisandre hides her presence from Jon and leaves for Volantis .","Bran arrives at Winterfell and reveals his newfound role as the Three - Eyed Raven to Sansa .","In King 's Landing , Euron returns with Ellaria and Tyene as a gift for Cersei , who promises to marry him after the war is won .","She also awards him co-control of her military alongside Jaime .","Cersei administers the same poison to Tyene used to kill Myrcella , forcing Ellaria to watch her daughter 's impending death .","In Oldtown , a healed Jorah leaves to find Daenerys .","Ebrose forgives Samwell .","Grey Worm and the Unsullied attack Casterly Rock , only to find it mostly abandoned .","Jaime led most of the Lannister forces in an attack on Highgarden , while Euron 's fleet ambushes and destroys the Unsullied 's ships .","The Lannister forces overwhelm Olenna 's army .","Jaime induces Olenna to drink poison , offering her a quick and painless death .","After drinking it , she confesses to poisoning Joffrey ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7453382078329227556","input":"what is the religious significance of the hijab","passages":[{"title":"Hijab","text":"It is recommended that women wear clothing that is not form fitting to the body : either modest forms of western clothing ( long shirts and skirts ) , or the more traditional jilb\u0101b , a high - necked , loose robe that covers the arms and legs . A khim\u0101r or shaylah , a scarf or cowl that covers all but the face , is also worn in many different styles . Some scholars encourage covering the face , while some follow the opinion that it is not obligatory to cover the face and the hands but only mustahab ( Highly recommended ) . Other scholars oppose face covering , particularly in the West , where the woman may draw more attention as a result . These garments are very different in cut from most of the traditional forms of \u0127ij\u0101b , and they are worn worldwide by Muslims . Bahraini","sentences":["It is recommended that women wear clothing that is not form fitting to the body : either modest forms of western clothing ( long shirts and skirts ) , or the more traditional jilb\u0101b , a high - necked , loose robe that covers the arms and legs .","A khim\u0101r or shaylah , a scarf or cowl that covers all but the face , is also worn in many different styles .","Some scholars encourage covering the face , while some follow the opinion that it is not obligatory to cover the face and the hands but only mustahab ( Highly recommended ) .","Other scholars oppose face covering , particularly in the West , where the woman may draw more attention as a result .","These garments are very different in cut from most of the traditional forms of \u0127ij\u0101b , and they are worn worldwide by Muslims .","Bahraini"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2118626266070107506","input":"what episodes are on outlander season 1 volume 1","passages":[{"title":"List of Outlander episodes","text":"On the Porpoise , Claire struggles against suspicion from some of the crew , but eventually manages to stop the spread of the disease . She discovers that the captain knows Jamie 's true identity and plans to have him arrested in Jamaica for treason and murder . When they go ashore , she tries to escape but is apprehended by the captain . That night at sea , a woman named Annejke encourages Claire to jump overboard using an empty barrel as a raft , as the current will carry her towards land . Meanwhile on the Artemis , Jamie is confined after threatening the captain , wanting him to sail faster in pursuit of the Porpoise . He tries to get Fergus to help him take control of the ship , but Fergus instead persuades the captain to let Jamie rejoin the crew after he promises not to mutiny again .","sentences":["On the Porpoise , Claire struggles against suspicion from some of the crew , but eventually manages to stop the spread of the disease .","She discovers that the captain knows Jamie 's true identity and plans to have him arrested in Jamaica for treason and murder .","When they go ashore , she tries to escape but is apprehended by the captain .","That night at sea , a woman named Annejke encourages Claire to jump overboard using an empty barrel as a raft , as the current will carry her towards land .","Meanwhile on the Artemis , Jamie is confined after threatening the captain , wanting him to sail faster in pursuit of the Porpoise .","He tries to get Fergus to help him take control of the ship , but Fergus instead persuades the captain to let Jamie rejoin the crew after he promises not to mutiny again ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4888279079854032098","input":"what does the greek god apollo's name mean","passages":[{"title":"Apollo","text":"Bassae ( Peloponnesus ) : A temple dedicated to Apollo Epikourios ( `` Apollo the helper '' ) , was built in 430 B.C. and it was designed by Iktinos.It combined Doric and Ionic elements , and the earliest use of column with a Corinthian capital in the middle . The temple is of a relatively modest size , with the stylobate measuring 14.5 x 38.3 metres containing a Doric peristyle of 6 x 15 columns . The roof left a central space open to admit light and air. * Delos : A temple probably dedicated to Apollo and not peripteral , was built in the late 7th century B.C. , with a plan measuring 10 , 00 x 15 , 60 m . The Doric Great temple of Apollo , was built in c. 475 B.C. The temple 's stylobate measures 13.72 x 29.78 m , and the number of pteron columns as 6 x 13 . Marble was extensively used .","sentences":["Bassae ( Peloponnesus ) : A temple dedicated to Apollo Epikourios ( `` Apollo the helper '' ) , was built in 430 B.C. and it was designed by Iktinos.","It combined Doric and Ionic elements , and the earliest use of column with a Corinthian capital in the middle .","The temple is of a relatively modest size , with the stylobate measuring 14.5 x 38.3 metres containing a Doric peristyle of 6 x 15 columns .","The roof left a central space open to admit light and air.","*","Delos : A temple probably dedicated to Apollo and not peripteral , was built in the late 7th century B.C. , with a plan measuring 10 , 00 x 15 , 60 m .","The Doric Great temple of Apollo , was built in c. 475 B.C.","The temple 's stylobate measures 13.72 x 29.78 m , and the number of pteron columns as 6 x 13 .","Marble was extensively used ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3763439409728241694","input":"why does the corn in illinois lean to the east","passages":[{"title":"Geography of Illinois","text":"The first is Northern Illinois , dominated by the Chicago metropolitan area , including the city of Chicago , its suburbs , and the adjoining exurban area into which the metropolis is expanding . The `` collar counties '' are the five counties that surround the centrally located Cook County in the Chicago metropolitan area : DuPage County , Kane County , Lake County , McHenry County , and Will County . The term `` Chicagoland '' is sometimes used to describe the metro area , including Chicago , its suburbs within Cook County , and the so - called collar counties . The term is said to have been coined by Chicago Tribune publisher Robert R. McCormick . The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce defines it as all of Cook , and DuPage , Kane , Lake , McHenry and Will counties . The region is cosmopolitan , densely populated , industrialized , and settled by a wide variety of ethnic groups .","sentences":["The first is Northern Illinois , dominated by the Chicago metropolitan area , including the city of Chicago , its suburbs , and the adjoining exurban area into which the metropolis is expanding .","The `` collar counties '' are the five counties that surround the centrally located Cook County in the Chicago metropolitan area : DuPage County , Kane County , Lake County , McHenry County , and Will County .","The term `` Chicagoland '' is sometimes used to describe the metro area , including Chicago , its suburbs within Cook County , and the so - called collar counties .","The term is said to have been coined by Chicago Tribune publisher Robert R. McCormick .","The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce defines it as all of Cook , and DuPage , Kane , Lake , McHenry and Will counties .","The region is cosmopolitan , densely populated , industrialized , and settled by a wide variety of ethnic groups ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5210311264980978691","input":"where does nuclear fusion happen in a star","passages":[{"title":"Nuclear fusion","text":"( 1 ) + \u2192 He ( 3.5 MeV ) + n ( 14.1 MeV ) ( 2i ) + \u2192 ( 1.01 MeV ) + p ( 3.02 MeV ) 50 % ( 2ii ) \u2192 He ( 0.82 MeV ) + n ( 2.45 MeV ) 50 % ( 3 ) + He \u2192 He ( 3.6 MeV ) + p ( 14.7 MeV ) ( 4 ) + \u2192 He + 2 n + 11.3 MeV ( 5 ) He + He \u2192 He + 2 p + 12.9 MeV ( 6i ) He + \u2192 He + p + n + 12.1 MeV 57 % ( 6ii ) \u2192 He ( 4.8 MeV ) + ( 9.5 MeV ) 43 % ( 7i ) + Li \u2192 2 He + 22.4 MeV ( 7ii ) \u2192 He + He + n + 2.56 MeV ( 7iii ) \u2192 Li + p + 5.0 MeV ( 7iv ) \u2192 Be + n + 3.4 MeV ( 8 ) p + Li \u2192 He ( 1.7 MeV ) + He ( 2.3 MeV ) ( 9 ) He + Li \u2192 2 He + p + 16.9 MeV ( 10 ) p + \u2192 3 He + 8.7 MeV","sentences":["( 1 ) + \u2192 He ( 3.5 MeV )","+ n ( 14.1 MeV ) ( 2i )","+","\u2192 ( 1.01 MeV )","+ p ( 3.02 MeV ) 50 % ( 2ii ) \u2192 He ( 0.82 MeV ) + n ( 2.45 MeV )","50 % ( 3 ) +","He \u2192 He ( 3.6 MeV )","+ p ( 14.7 MeV ) ( 4 ) + \u2192 He + 2 n + 11.3 MeV ( 5 ) He +","He \u2192 He + 2 p + 12.9 MeV ( 6i )","He + \u2192 He + p + n + 12.1 MeV 57 % ( 6ii ) \u2192 He ( 4.8 MeV )","+ ( 9.5 MeV ) 43 % ( 7i )","+ Li \u2192 2 He + 22.4 MeV ( 7ii ) \u2192","He + He + n + 2.56 MeV ( 7iii ) \u2192 Li + p + 5.0 MeV ( 7iv ) \u2192 Be + n + 3.4 MeV ( 8 ) p + Li \u2192 He ( 1.7 MeV )","+","He ( 2.3 MeV ) ( 9 ) He + Li \u2192 2 He + p + 16.9 MeV ( 10 ) p + \u2192 3 He + 8.7 MeV"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1128614875781140313","input":"where is mexico beach located on the map","passages":[{"title":"Zihuatanejo","text":"The town of Zihuatanejo 's main attraction is its bay , which is well - protected from open ocean . It is a favorite place to moor boats from small private ones to large yachts during the winter months . The bay 's width varies from between 950 to 1,750 meters ( 1,040 to 1,910 yards ) in width and averages 18 meters ( 59 feet ) deep . It is mostly surrounded by beaches , most of which have gentle waves . On land the bay is surrounded by the foothills of the Sierra Madre mountains . Development of this area has caused some environmental problems . The town 's five water treatment plants can no longer keep up with demand , with some untreated wastewater and sediment flowing into the bay . There has also been some wholesale destruction of the hills right on the bay to create development space , and there is concern about damage to the local coral reef . Some development projects , such as a dock for cruise ships and Punta del Mar ( a complex of hotels , villas , pools and a marina ) have been delayed due to the need for environmental impact studies .","sentences":["The town of Zihuatanejo 's main attraction is its bay , which is well - protected from open ocean .","It is a favorite place to moor boats from small private ones to large yachts during the winter months .","The bay 's width varies from between 950 to 1,750 meters ( 1,040 to 1,910 yards ) in width and averages 18 meters ( 59 feet ) deep .","It is mostly surrounded by beaches , most of which have gentle waves .","On land the bay is surrounded by the foothills of the Sierra Madre mountains .","Development of this area has caused some environmental problems .","The town 's five water treatment plants can no longer keep up with demand , with some untreated wastewater and sediment flowing into the bay .","There has also been some wholesale destruction of the hills right on the bay to create development space , and there is concern about damage to the local coral reef .","Some development projects , such as a dock for cruise ships and Punta del Mar ( a complex of hotels , villas , pools and a marina ) have been delayed due to the need for environmental impact studies ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9043479657045593404","input":"who died in the 7th harry potter book","passages":[{"title":"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows","text":"Harry and Hermione continue the quest , discovering more about Dumbledore 's past , including the death of Dumbledore 's younger sister and his connection to the dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald . They travel to Godric 's Hollow , Harry 's birthplace and the place where his parents died , and meet the elderly magical historian Bathilda Bagshot , but she turns out to be Nagini in disguise , awaiting their arrival . The snake attacks Harry and again they barely escape , but Harry 's wand is destroyed . Their luck finally appears to turn in the Forest of Dean . A mysterious silver doe Patronus appears and guides Harry to an icy pond containing the Sword of Hogwarts co-founder Godric Gryffindor , one of the few objects able to destroy Horcruxes . During Harry 's attempt to recover the sword , the Horcrux attempts to kill him . He is saved by Ron , who was guided back by the Deluminator , and they realise Dumbledore 's gifts may be meaningful . Ron takes the sword and uses it to destroy the locket .","sentences":["Harry and Hermione continue the quest , discovering more about Dumbledore 's past , including the death of Dumbledore 's younger sister and his connection to the dark wizard Gellert Grindelwald .","They travel to Godric 's Hollow , Harry 's birthplace and the place where his parents died , and meet the elderly magical historian Bathilda Bagshot , but she turns out to be Nagini in disguise , awaiting their arrival .","The snake attacks Harry and again they barely escape , but Harry 's wand is destroyed .","Their luck finally appears to turn in the Forest of Dean .","A mysterious silver doe Patronus appears and guides Harry to an icy pond containing the Sword of Hogwarts co-founder Godric Gryffindor , one of the few objects able to destroy Horcruxes .","During Harry 's attempt to recover the sword , the Horcrux attempts to kill him .","He is saved by Ron , who was guided back by the Deluminator , and they realise Dumbledore 's gifts may be meaningful .","Ron takes the sword and uses it to destroy the locket ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5463275613840798409","input":"where was the tv series hart of dixie filmed","passages":[{"title":"Hart of Dixie","text":"Rachel Bilson as Zoe Hart , a medical doctor ; Zoe aspired to become a heart surgeon like her father , however after four years of residency at a New York hospital she is refused a position at the hospital and told she needs more experience dealing with patients and their families . Zoe moves to Bluebell , Alabama after learning her biological father was really a respected physician in the small town . She inherits his half of a general medical practice , and constantly butts heads with the co-owner of the practice , Brick Breeland . However , she becomes a regular in helping the town through its never ending dilemmas . In Season 2 , she begins dating Wade . However , he ends up cheating on her when he loses Battle of the Bands , and she ends their relationship . In the Season 2 finale , Zoe sleeps with Wade , and she decides to go back to New York to get over everything . In the Season 3 premiere six months have passed and Zoe returns to Bluebell with her new boyfriend Joel , who is a writer and moves with her to Bluebell . For the rest of season 3 , she remains in a relationship with Joel until one of his books is made into a movie and he moves to Los Angeles , California to assist with the production of the film . In the season 3 finale , Zoe realizes she is still in love with Wade , and tells him that she is going to do everything she can to win him back . In the Season 4 premiere , Zoe is still trying to prove to Wade that they should be together , and she seduces him , resulting in her getting pregnant . They eventually get back together and get married in the series finale as Zoe is giving birth to their son .","sentences":["Rachel Bilson as Zoe Hart , a medical doctor ; Zoe aspired to become a heart surgeon like her father , however after four years of residency at a New York hospital she is refused a position at the hospital and told she needs more experience dealing with patients and their families .","Zoe moves to Bluebell , Alabama after learning her biological father was really a respected physician in the small town .","She inherits his half of a general medical practice , and constantly butts heads with the co-owner of the practice , Brick Breeland .","However , she becomes a regular in helping the town through its never ending dilemmas .","In Season 2 , she begins dating Wade .","However , he ends up cheating on her when he loses Battle of the Bands , and she ends their relationship .","In the Season 2 finale , Zoe sleeps with Wade , and she decides to go back to New York to get over everything .","In the Season 3 premiere six months have passed and Zoe returns to Bluebell with her new boyfriend Joel , who is a writer and moves with her to Bluebell .","For the rest of season 3 , she remains in a relationship with Joel until one of his books is made into a movie and he moves to Los Angeles , California to assist with the production of the film .","In the season 3 finale , Zoe realizes she is still in love with Wade , and tells him that she is going to do everything she can to win him back .","In the Season 4 premiere , Zoe is still trying to prove to Wade that they should be together , and she seduces him , resulting in her getting pregnant .","They eventually get back together and get married in the series finale as Zoe is giving birth to their son ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4759153856296588137","input":"who played officer krupke in west side story","passages":[{"title":"West Side Story","text":"Doc relates the news to Tony , who has been dreaming of heading to the countryside to have children with Maria . Feeling there is no longer anything to live for , Tony leaves to find Chino , begging for him to shoot him as well . Just as Tony sees Maria alive , Chino arrives and shoots Tony . The Jets , Sharks , and adults flock around the lovers . Maria holds Tony in her arms ( and sings a quiet , brief reprise of `` Somewhere '' ) as he dies . Angry at the death of another friend , the Jets move towards the Sharks but Maria takes Chino 's gun and tells everyone that `` all of ( them ) '' killed Tony and the others because of their hate for each other , and , `` Now I can kill too , because now I have hate ! '' she yells . However , she is unable to bring herself to fire the gun and drops it , crying in grief . Gradually , all the members of both gangs assemble on either side of Tony 's body , showing that the feud is over . The Jets and Sharks form a procession , and together carry Tony away , with Maria the last one in the procession .","sentences":["Doc relates the news to Tony , who has been dreaming of heading to the countryside to have children with Maria .","Feeling there is no longer anything to live for , Tony leaves to find Chino , begging for him to shoot him as well .","Just as Tony sees Maria alive , Chino arrives and shoots Tony .","The Jets , Sharks , and adults flock around the lovers .","Maria holds Tony in her arms ( and sings a quiet , brief reprise of `` Somewhere '' ) as he dies .","Angry at the death of another friend , the Jets move towards the Sharks but Maria takes Chino 's gun and tells everyone that `` all of ( them ) '' killed Tony and the others because of their hate for each other , and , `` Now I can kill too , because now I have hate ! ''","she yells .","However , she is unable to bring herself to fire the gun and drops it , crying in grief .","Gradually , all the members of both gangs assemble on either side of Tony 's body , showing that the feud is over .","The Jets and Sharks form a procession , and together carry Tony away , with Maria the last one in the procession ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1378648456376065774","input":"black and white map of the united states of america","passages":[{"title":"List of U.S. states and territories by African-American population","text":"Free Blacks as a percentage of the total Black ( African - American ) population by U.S. region and U.S. state between 1790 and 1860 State \/ territory 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 United States 7.9 % 10.8 % 13.5 % 13.2 % 13.7 % 13.4 % 11.9 % 11.0 % Northeast 40.1 % 56.2 % 73.5 % 83.7 % 97.8 % 99.5 % 99.8 % 100.0 % Midwest 78.7 % 52.4 % 38.0 % 37.7 % 34.4 % 35.5 % 37.6 % South 4.7 % 6.7 % 8.5 % 8.2 % 8.4 % 8.1 % 7.0 % 6.3 % West 97.9 % 99.4 % Alabama 4.4 % 2.2 % 1.3 % 1.3 % 0.8 % 0.7 % 0.6 % Alaska Arizona 100.0 % Arkansas 1.4 % 3.5 % 3.0 % 2.3 % 1.3 % 0.1 % California 100.0 % 100.0 % Colorado 100.0 % Connecticut 50.4 % 84.9 % 95.4 % 98.8 % 99.7 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Delaware 30.5 % 57.3 % 75.9 % 74.2 % 82.8 % 86.7 % 88.8 % 91.7 % District of Columbia 16.2 % 30.7 % 37.9 % 50.5 % 66.2 % 73.2 % 77.8 % Florida 5.2 % 3.1 % 2.3 % 1.5 % Georgia 1.3 % 1.7 % 1.7 % 1.2 % 1.1 % 1.0 % 0.8 % 0.8 % Hawaii Idaho Illinois 41.5 % 78.5 % 33.3 % 68.7 % 91.6 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Indiana 75.7 % 62.4 % 86.6 % 99.9 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Iowa 91.5 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Kansas 99.7 % Kentucky 0.9 % 1.8 % 2.1 % 2.1 % 2.9 % 3.9 % 4.5 % 4.5 % Louisiana 18.0 % 13.2 % 13.2 % 13.1 % 6.7 % 5.3 % Maine 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Maryland 7.2 % 15.6 % 23.3 % 27.0 % 33.9 % 40.9 % 45.3 % 49.1 % Massachusetts 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Michigan 100.0 % 83.3 % 100.0 % 99.6 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Minnesota 100.0 % 100.0 % Mississippi 5.0 % 1.2 % 1.4 % 0.8 % 0.7 % 0.3 % 0.2 % Missouri 17.4 % 3.3 % 2.2 % 2.6 % 2.9 % 3.0 % Montana Nebraska 81.7 % Nevada 100.0 % New Hampshire 79.9 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 99.5 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % New Jersey 19.5 % 26.2 % 42.0 % 62.2 % 89.0 % 96.9 % 99.0 % 99.9 % New Mexico 100.0 % 100.0 % New York 17.9 % 33.3 % 62.8 % 74.4 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % North Carolina 4.7 % 5.0 % 5.7 % 6.7 % 7.4 % 8.5 % 8.7 % 8.4 % North Dakota Ohio 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 99.9 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Oklahoma Oregon 100.0 % 100.0 % Pennsylvania 63.6 % 89.5 % 96.6 % 99.3 % 98.9 % 99.9 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Rhode Island 78.2 % 89.7 % 97.1 % 98.7 % 99.5 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % South Carolina 1.7 % 2.1 % 2.3 % 2.6 % 2.4 % 2.5 % 2.3 % 2.4 % South Dakota N \/ A Tennessee 9.6 % 2.2 % 2.9 % 3.3 % 3.1 % 2.9 % 2.6 % 2.6 % Texas 0.7 % 0.2 % Utah 48.0 % 50.8 % Vermont 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Virginia 4.1 % 5.6 % 7.3 % 8.2 % 9.3 % 10.1 % 10.2 % 10.5 % Washington 100.0 % 100.0 % West Virginia 11.6 % 6.8 % 10.5 % 8.5 % 10.9 % 14.1 % 13.1 % 13.1 % Wisconsin 100.0 % 51.6 % 94.4 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Wyoming","sentences":["Free Blacks as a percentage of the total Black ( African - American ) population by U.S. region and U.S. state between 1790 and 1860 State \/ territory 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 United States 7.9 % 10.8 % 13.5 % 13.2 % 13.7 % 13.4 % 11.9 % 11.0 %","Northeast 40.1 % 56.2 % 73.5 % 83.7 % 97.8 % 99.5 % 99.8 % 100.0 % Midwest 78.7 % 52.4 % 38.0 % 37.7 % 34.4 % 35.5 % 37.6 % South 4.7 % 6.7 % 8.5 % 8.2 % 8.4 % 8.1 % 7.0 % 6.3 % West 97.9 % 99.4 % Alabama 4.4 % 2.2 % 1.3 % 1.3 % 0.8 % 0.7 % 0.6 %","Alaska Arizona 100.0 % Arkansas 1.4 % 3.5 % 3.0 % 2.3 % 1.3 % 0.1 % California 100.0 % 100.0 % Colorado 100.0 %","Connecticut 50.4 % 84.9 % 95.4 % 98.8 % 99.7 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Delaware 30.5 % 57.3 % 75.9 % 74.2 % 82.8 % 86.7 % 88.8 % 91.7 % District of Columbia 16.2 % 30.7 % 37.9 % 50.5 % 66.2 % 73.2 % 77.8 % Florida 5.2 % 3.1 % 2.3 % 1.5 % Georgia 1.3 % 1.7 % 1.7 % 1.2 % 1.1 % 1.0 % 0.8 % 0.8 % Hawaii Idaho Illinois 41.5 % 78.5 % 33.3 % 68.7 % 91.6 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Indiana 75.7 % 62.4 % 86.6 % 99.9 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %","Iowa 91.5 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Kansas 99.7 % Kentucky 0.9 % 1.8 % 2.1 % 2.1 % 2.9 % 3.9 % 4.5 % 4.5 % Louisiana 18.0 % 13.2 % 13.2 % 13.1 % 6.7 % 5.3 % Maine 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Maryland 7.2 % 15.6 % 23.3 % 27.0 % 33.9 % 40.9 % 45.3 % 49.1 % Massachusetts 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Michigan 100.0 % 83.3 %","100.0 % 99.6 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Minnesota 100.0 % 100.0 % Mississippi 5.0 % 1.2 % 1.4 % 0.8 % 0.7 % 0.3 % 0.2 % Missouri 17.4 % 3.3 % 2.2 % 2.6 % 2.9 % 3.0 % Montana Nebraska 81.7 % Nevada 100.0 % New Hampshire 79.9 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 99.5 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % New Jersey 19.5 % 26.2 % 42.0 % 62.2 % 89.0 % 96.9 % 99.0 % 99.9 % New Mexico 100.0 % 100.0 % New York 17.9 % 33.3 % 62.8 % 74.4 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % North Carolina 4.7 % 5.0 % 5.7 % 6.7 % 7.4 % 8.5 % 8.7 % 8.4 % North Dakota Ohio 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 99.9 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Oklahoma Oregon 100.0 % 100.0 % Pennsylvania 63.6 % 89.5 % 96.6 % 99.3 % 98.9 % 99.9 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Rhode Island 78.2 % 89.7 % 97.1 % 98.7 % 99.5 % 99.8 % 100.0 % 100.0 % South Carolina 1.7 % 2.1 % 2.3 % 2.6 % 2.4 % 2.5 % 2.3 % 2.4 % South Dakota N \/","A Tennessee 9.6 % 2.2 % 2.9 % 3.3 % 3.1 % 2.9 % 2.6 % 2.6 % Texas 0.7 %","0.2 %","Utah 48.0 % 50.8 % Vermont 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Virginia 4.1 % 5.6 % 7.3 % 8.2 % 9.3 % 10.1 % 10.2 % 10.5 % Washington 100.0 % 100.0 % West Virginia 11.6 % 6.8 % 10.5 % 8.5 % 10.9 % 14.1 % 13.1 % 13.1 % Wisconsin 100.0 % 51.6 % 94.4 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Wyoming"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-485827722569317109","input":"what does it say on the front of the pantheon","passages":[{"title":"Pantheon, Rome","text":"The third niche has a sculpture by Il Lorenzone of St Anne and the Blessed Virgin . In the third chapel is a 15th - century painting of the Umbrian school , The Madonna of Mercy between St Francis and St John the Baptist . It is also known as the Madonna of the Railing , because it originally hung in the niche on the left - hand side of the portico , where it was protected by a railing . It was moved to the Chapel of the Annunciation , and then to its present position sometime after 1837 . The bronze epigram commemorated Pope Clement XI 's restoration of the sanctuary . On the right wall is the canvas Emperor Phocas presenting the Pantheon to Pope Boniface IV ( 1750 ) by an unknown . There are three memorial plaques in the floor , one conmmemorating a Gismonda written in the vernacular . The final niche on the right side has a statue of St. Anastasio ( 1725 ) by Bernardino Cametti .","sentences":["The third niche has a sculpture by Il Lorenzone of St Anne and the Blessed Virgin .","In the third chapel is a 15th - century painting of the Umbrian school , The Madonna of Mercy between St Francis and St John the Baptist .","It is also known as the Madonna of the Railing , because it originally hung in the niche on the left - hand side of the portico , where it was protected by a railing .","It was moved to the Chapel of the Annunciation , and then to its present position sometime after 1837 .","The bronze epigram commemorated Pope Clement XI 's restoration of the sanctuary .","On the right wall is the canvas Emperor Phocas presenting the Pantheon to Pope Boniface IV ( 1750 ) by an unknown .","There are three memorial plaques in the floor , one conmmemorating a Gismonda written in the vernacular .","The final niche on the right side has a statue of St. Anastasio ( 1725 ) by Bernardino Cametti ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3499603203515392681","input":"how old are nba players when they retire","passages":[{"title":"List of oldest and youngest National Basketball Association players","text":"Los Angeles Lakers ( 1977 ) Indiana Pacers ( 1977 -- 1981 ) Cleveland Cavaliers ( 1981 -- 1983 ) Phoenix Suns ( 1983 -- 1988 ) Detroit Pistons ( 1988 -- 1991 ) Los Angeles Clippers ( 1991 -- 1992 ) Los Angeles Lakers ( 1992 -- 1994 ) Portland Trail Blazers ( 1994 -- 1995 ) Chicago Bulls ( 1995 -- 1996 )","sentences":["Los Angeles Lakers ( 1977 ) Indiana Pacers ( 1977 -- 1981 )","Cleveland Cavaliers ( 1981 -- 1983 ) Phoenix Suns ( 1983 -- 1988 )","Detroit Pistons ( 1988 -- 1991 )","Los Angeles Clippers ( 1991 -- 1992 )","Los Angeles Lakers ( 1992 -- 1994 )","Portland Trail Blazers ( 1994 -- 1995 ) Chicago Bulls ( 1995 -- 1996 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3850473487979403150","input":"what state has the most coal fired power plants","passages":[{"title":"Coal power in the United States","text":"Due to emergence of shale gas , coal consumption declined from 2009 . In the first quarter of 2012 , the use of coal for electricity generation declined substantially more , 21 % from 2011 levels . According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration , 27 gigawatts of capacity from coal - fired generators is to be retired from 175 coal - fired power plants between 2012 and 2016 . Natural gas showed a corresponding increase , increasing by a third over 2011 . Coal 's share of electricity generation dropped to just over 36 % . Coal use continues to decline rapidly through November 2015 with its share around 33.6 % .","sentences":["Due to emergence of shale gas , coal consumption declined from 2009 .","In the first quarter of 2012 , the use of coal for electricity generation declined substantially more , 21 % from 2011 levels .","According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration , 27 gigawatts of capacity from coal - fired generators is to be retired from 175 coal - fired power plants between 2012 and 2016 .","Natural gas showed a corresponding increase , increasing by a third over 2011 .","Coal 's share of electricity generation dropped to just over 36 % .","Coal use continues to decline rapidly through November 2015 with its share around 33.6 % ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2622119369577369190","input":"who do you play as in call of duty world at war","passages":[{"title":"Call of Duty: World at War","text":"Not long after , Treyarch released the modding tools for Call of Duty : World at War . These tools were the same ones used to create all the other Call of Duty series games , but with slight changes version to version , which can be downloaded online . Kiefer Sutherland and Gary Oldman were cast as voice actors for the game . Sutherland voices the narrator and squad leader of the American campaign , Sergeant Roebuck , while Oldman voices that of the Soviet campaign , Sergeant Reznov . A full - sized replica PBY Catalina was constructed for motion capture use . Full","sentences":["Not long after , Treyarch released the modding tools for Call of Duty : World at War .","These tools were the same ones used to create all the other Call of Duty series games , but with slight changes version to version , which can be downloaded online .","Kiefer Sutherland and Gary Oldman were cast as voice actors for the game .","Sutherland voices the narrator and squad leader of the American campaign , Sergeant Roebuck , while Oldman voices that of the Soviet campaign , Sergeant Reznov .","A full - sized replica PBY Catalina was constructed for motion capture use .","Full"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4760021727834018021","input":"who said that culture is the man made part of the environment","passages":[{"title":"Culture","text":"In practice , culture referred to an elite ideal and was associated with such activities as art , classical music , and haute cuisine . As these forms were associated with urban life , `` culture '' was identified with `` civilization '' ( from lat . civitas , city ) . Another facet of the Romantic movement was an interest in folklore , which led to identifying a `` culture '' among non-elites . This distinction is often characterized as that between high culture , namely that of the ruling social group , and low culture . In other words , the idea of `` culture '' that developed in Europe during the 18th and early 19th centuries reflected inequalities within European societies . British","sentences":["In practice , culture referred to an elite ideal and was associated with such activities as art , classical music , and haute cuisine .","As these forms were associated with urban life , `` culture '' was identified with `` civilization '' ( from lat .","civitas , city ) .","Another facet of the Romantic movement was an interest in folklore , which led to identifying a `` culture '' among non-elites .","This distinction is often characterized as that between high culture , namely that of the ruling social group , and low culture .","In other words , the idea of `` culture '' that developed in Europe during the 18th and early 19th centuries reflected inequalities within European societies .","British"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5621452177605130387","input":"what are some of the subjects of chinese drama","passages":[{"title":"Theatre of China","text":"This article does not cite any sources . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( April 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) A","sentences":["This article does not cite any sources .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( April 2009 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2271434516504353951","input":"who was the leader of the first war of independence in india","passages":[{"title":"Indian Rebellion of 1857","text":"Part of a series on the History of India Ancient ( show ) Madrasian Culture Soanian , c . 500,000 BCE Neolithic , c. 7600 -- c. 3300 BCE Bhirrana 7570 - 6200 BCE Jhusi 7106 BCE Lahuradewa 7000 BCE Mehrgarh 7000 - 2600 BCE Indus Valley Civilization , c. 3300 -- c. 1700 BCE Post Indus Valley Period , c. 1700 -- c. 1500 BCE Vedic Civilization , c. 1500 -- c. 500 BCE Early Vedic Period Rise of \u015arama\u1e47a movement Later Vedic Period Spread of Jainism - Parshvanatha Spread of Jainism - Mahavira Rise of Buddhism Mahajanapadas , c. 500 -- c. 345 BCE Nanda Dynasty , c. 345 -- c. 322 BCE Classical ( show ) Maurya Dynasty , c. 322 -- c. 185 BCE Shunga Dynasty , c. 185 -- c. 75 BCE Kanva Dynasty , c. 75 -- c. 30 BCE Kushan Dynasty , c. 30 -- c. 230 CE Satavahana Dynasty , c. 30 BCE -- c. 220 CE Gupta Dynasty , c. 200 -- c. 550 CE Early medieval ( show ) Chalukya Dynasty , c. 543 -- c. 753 CE Harsha 's Dynasty , c. 606 CE -- c. 647 CE Karakota Dynasty , c. 724 -- c. 760 CE Arab Invasion , c. 738 CE Tripartite Struggle , c. 760 -- c. 973 CE Gurjara - Pratihara Dynasty Rastrakuta Dynasty Pala Dynasty Chola Dynasty , c. 848 -- c. 1251 CE 2nd Chalukya Dynasty , c. 973 -- c. 1187 CE Late medieval ( show ) Delhi Sultanate , c. 1206 -- c. 1526 CE Slave Dynasty Khalji Dynasty Tugluq Dynasty Sayyid Dynasty Lodhi Dynasty Pandyan Dynasty , c. 1251 -- c. 1323 CE Vijayanagara , c. 1336 -- c. 1646 CE Bengal Sultanate , c. 1342 -- c. 1576 CE Early modern ( show ) Mughal Dynasty , c. 1526 -- c. 1540 CE Suri Dynasty , c. 1540 -- c. 1556 CE Mughal Dynasty , c. 1556 -- c. 1857 CE Bengal Subah , c. 1576 -- c. 1757 CE Maratha Empire , c. 1674 -- c. 1818 CE Company Raj , c. 1757 -- c. 1858 CE Kingdom of Mysore , c. 1760 -- c. 1799 CE Sikh Empire , c. 1799 -- c. 1849 CE Modern ( show ) The Great Rebellion , c. 1857 -- c. 1858 CE British Raj , c. 1858 -- c. 1947 CE Independence Movement Independent India , c. 1947 CE -- present Related articles ( show ) Timeline of Indian History Dynasties in Indian History Economic History Demographic History Linguistic History Architectural History Art History Literary History Philosophical History History of Religion Musical History Education History Coinage History Science and Technology History List of Inventions and Discoveries Military History Naval History Wars involving India","sentences":["Part of a series on the History of India Ancient ( show ) Madrasian Culture Soanian , c .","500,000 BCE Neolithic , c. 7600 -- c. 3300 BCE Bhirrana 7570 - 6200 BCE Jhusi 7106 BCE Lahuradewa 7000 BCE Mehrgarh 7000 - 2600 BCE Indus Valley Civilization , c. 3300 -- c. 1700 BCE Post Indus Valley Period , c. 1700 -- c. 1500 BCE Vedic Civilization , c. 1500 -- c. 500 BCE Early Vedic Period Rise of \u015arama\u1e47a movement Later Vedic Period Spread of Jainism - Parshvanatha Spread of Jainism - Mahavira Rise of Buddhism Mahajanapadas , c. 500 -- c. 345 BCE Nanda Dynasty , c. 345 -- c. 322 BCE Classical ( show )","Maurya Dynasty , c. 322 -- c. 185 BCE Shunga Dynasty , c. 185 -- c. 75 BCE Kanva Dynasty , c. 75 -- c. 30 BCE Kushan Dynasty , c. 30 -- c. 230","CE Satavahana Dynasty , c. 30 BCE -- c. 220 CE Gupta Dynasty , c. 200 -- c. 550 CE Early medieval ( show )","Chalukya Dynasty , c. 543 -- c. 753","CE Harsha 's Dynasty , c. 606 CE -- c. 647 CE Karakota Dynasty , c. 724 -- c. 760","CE Arab Invasion , c. 738 CE Tripartite Struggle , c. 760 -- c. 973 CE Gurjara - Pratihara Dynasty Rastrakuta Dynasty Pala Dynasty Chola Dynasty , c. 848 -- c. 1251","CE 2nd","Chalukya Dynasty , c. 973 -- c. 1187 CE Late medieval ( show )","Delhi Sultanate , c. 1206 -- c. 1526","CE Slave Dynasty Khalji Dynasty Tugluq Dynasty Sayyid Dynasty Lodhi Dynasty Pandyan Dynasty , c. 1251 --","c. 1323 CE Vijayanagara , c. 1336 --","c. 1646 CE Bengal Sultanate , c. 1342 -- c. 1576 CE Early modern ( show )","Mughal Dynasty , c. 1526 -- c. 1540","CE Suri Dynasty , c. 1540 -- c. 1556","CE Mughal Dynasty , c. 1556 -- c. 1857","CE Bengal Subah , c. 1576 -- c. 1757 CE Maratha Empire , c. 1674 -- c. 1818 CE Company Raj , c. 1757 --","c. 1858","CE Kingdom of Mysore , c. 1760 --","c. 1799 CE Sikh Empire , c. 1799 --","c. 1849 CE Modern ( show )","The Great Rebellion , c. 1857 -- c. 1858 CE British Raj , c. 1858 --","c. 1947 CE Independence Movement Independent India , c. 1947 CE -- present Related articles ( show )","Timeline of Indian History Dynasties in Indian History Economic History Demographic History Linguistic History Architectural History Art History Literary History Philosophical History History of Religion Musical History Education History Coinage History Science and Technology History List of Inventions and Discoveries Military History Naval History Wars involving India"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1184991856954836571","input":"what does the song lime in the coconut mean","passages":[{"title":"Coconut (song)","text":"Other cover versions of the song have been recorded by the Baha Men , Fred Schneider ( on the `` Everybody Sings Nilsson '' tribute album ) , Lazlo Bane , Sprung Monkey , P.M. Dawn , and , according to a Nilsson website , the Alice Cooper Band . Kermit the Frog and other Muppet characters covered the song in a video on The Muppet Show ( as part of episode 4.10 , with guest Kenny Rogers ) . The scene showed Kermit in a hospital bed , having hurt his flipper after slipping on some oil on the floor in the theater , joining hospital staff singing the song as the room developed a jungle theme . The song was also used in commercials for Coca - Cola with Lime . These ads are set in a Coke factory and a corporate boardroom and feature various people incorrectly singing the line as `` you put the lime in the Coke , you nut ! '' Fred Schneider performed the song on Late Night with Conan O'Brien after the release of the 1995 `` Everybody Sings Nilsson '' tribute album , for which the song was the lead single . He was joined on the show by the track 's producer Richard Barone of The Bongos on lead guitar .","sentences":["Other cover versions of the song have been recorded by the Baha Men , Fred Schneider ( on the `` Everybody Sings Nilsson '' tribute album ) , Lazlo Bane , Sprung Monkey , P.M. Dawn , and , according to a Nilsson website , the Alice Cooper Band .","Kermit the Frog and other Muppet characters covered the song in a video on The Muppet Show ( as part of episode 4.10 , with guest Kenny Rogers ) .","The scene showed Kermit in a hospital bed , having hurt his flipper after slipping on some oil on the floor in the theater , joining hospital staff singing the song as the room developed a jungle theme .","The song was also used in commercials for Coca - Cola with Lime .","These ads are set in a Coke factory and a corporate boardroom and feature various people incorrectly singing the line as `` you put the lime in the Coke , you nut ! ''","Fred Schneider performed the song on Late Night with Conan O'Brien after the release of the 1995 `` Everybody Sings Nilsson '' tribute album , for which the song was the lead single .","He was joined on the show by the track 's producer Richard Barone of The Bongos on lead guitar ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-218456139679129227","input":"when did tea come to the middle east","passages":[{"title":"Tea culture","text":"Tibet tea drinking has many rules . One such concerns an invitation to a house for tea . The host will first pour some highland barley wine . The guest must dip his finger in the wine and flick some away . This will be done three times to represent respect for the Buddha , Dharma , and Sangha . The cup will then be refilled two more times and on the last time it must be emptied or the host will be insulted . After this the host will present a gift of butter tea to the guest , who will accept it without touching the rim of the bowl . The guest will then pour a glass for himself , and must finish the glass or be seen as rude .","sentences":["Tibet tea drinking has many rules .","One such concerns an invitation to a house for tea .","The host will first pour some highland barley wine .","The guest must dip his finger in the wine and flick some away .","This will be done three times to represent respect for the Buddha , Dharma , and Sangha .","The cup will then be refilled two more times and on the last time it must be emptied or the host will be insulted .","After this the host will present a gift of butter tea to the guest , who will accept it without touching the rim of the bowl .","The guest will then pour a glass for himself , and must finish the glass or be seen as rude ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3484338223885964396","input":"what is the position of equality in india","passages":[{"title":"Social equality","text":"Another standard of equality is equality of opportunity , `` the idea that everyone has an equal chance to achieve wealth , social prestige , and power because the rules of the game , so to speak , are the same for everyone '' . This concept can be applied to society by saying that no one has a head start . This means that , for any social equality issue dealing with wealth , social prestige , power , or any of that sort , the equality of opportunity standard can defend the idea that everyone had the same start . This views society almost as a game and any of the differences in equality are due to luck and playing the `` game '' to one 's best ability . Conley gives an example of this standard of equality by using a game of Monopoly to describe society . He claims that `` Monopoly follows the rules of equality of opportunity '' by explaining that everyone had an equal chance when starting the game and any differences were a result of the luck of the dice roll and the skill of the player to make choices to benefit their wealth . Comparing this example to society , the standard of equality of opportunity eliminates inequality because the rules of the games in society are still fair and the same for all ; therefore making any existing inequalities in society fair . Lesley A. Jacobs , the author of Pursuing Equal Opportunities : The Theory and Practice of Egalitarian Justice , talks about equality of opportunity and its importance relating to egalitarian justice . Jacobs states that","sentences":["Another standard of equality is equality of opportunity , `` the idea that everyone has an equal chance to achieve wealth , social prestige , and power because the rules of the game , so to speak , are the same for everyone '' .","This concept can be applied to society by saying that no one has a head start .","This means that , for any social equality issue dealing with wealth , social prestige , power , or any of that sort , the equality of opportunity standard can defend the idea that everyone had the same start .","This views society almost as a game and any of the differences in equality are due to luck and playing the `` game '' to one 's best ability .","Conley gives an example of this standard of equality by using a game of Monopoly to describe society .","He claims that `` Monopoly follows the rules of equality of opportunity '' by explaining that everyone had an equal chance when starting the game and any differences were a result of the luck of the dice roll and the skill of the player to make choices to benefit their wealth .","Comparing this example to society , the standard of equality of opportunity eliminates inequality because the rules of the games in society are still fair and the same for all ; therefore making any existing inequalities in society fair .","Lesley A. Jacobs , the author of Pursuing Equal Opportunities : The Theory and Practice of Egalitarian Justice , talks about equality of opportunity and its importance relating to egalitarian justice .","Jacobs states that"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-127829963610558674","input":"what's the difference between a coney dog and a chili dog","passages":[{"title":"Coney Island hot dog","text":"Jackson style uses a topping of either ground beef or ground beef heart , onions and spices . The sauce is traditionally a thick hearty one whether ground beef or ground beef heart is used . This meat sauce is applied on a quality hotdog in a steamed bun and then topped with diced or chopped onions and a stripe of mustard . The Todoroffs ' restaurants were some of the earlier locations for Jackson coneys beginning in 1914 . However , those locations are now closed . The company currently manufactures and distribute their coney sauce for retail purchase at supermarkets or other restaurants . There are several other coney restaurants in the area , most notably Jackson Coney Island and Virginia Coney Island , both of which are located on East Michigan Avenue in front of the train station near where the original Todoroff 's restaurant was located . These restaurants all use a blend of onion and spices similar to Todoroff 's but use ground beef heart instead of ground beef for the coney sauce . The Jackson style was late to the usage of beef heart in the sauce , using ground beef prior to converting to ground beef heart in the early 1940s . Jackson takes their coneys very seriously . Each year Jackson Magazine or the Jackson Citizen Patriot have a best coney contest voted on by residents for all the restaurants in the area . Kalamazoo","sentences":["Jackson style uses a topping of either ground beef or ground beef heart , onions and spices .","The sauce is traditionally a thick hearty one whether ground beef or ground beef heart is used .","This meat sauce is applied on a quality hotdog in a steamed bun and then topped with diced or chopped onions and a stripe of mustard .","The Todoroffs ' restaurants were some of the earlier locations for Jackson coneys beginning in 1914 .","However , those locations are now closed .","The company currently manufactures and distribute their coney sauce for retail purchase at supermarkets or other restaurants .","There are several other coney restaurants in the area , most notably Jackson Coney Island and Virginia Coney Island , both of which are located on East Michigan Avenue in front of the train station near where the original Todoroff 's restaurant was located .","These restaurants all use a blend of onion and spices similar to Todoroff 's but use ground beef heart instead of ground beef for the coney sauce .","The Jackson style was late to the usage of beef heart in the sauce , using ground beef prior to converting to ground beef heart in the early 1940s .","Jackson takes their coneys very seriously .","Each year Jackson Magazine or the Jackson Citizen Patriot have a best coney contest voted on by residents for all the restaurants in the area .","Kalamazoo"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7028833023424607597","input":"what does the glory of god mean in the bible","passages":[{"title":"Glory (religion)","text":"To glorify God is to have wonderment and integration with the universe , as a child is experiencing a universe that is singing with the child : `` We did indeed bestow on David favor from Us : O mountains , and birds , sing the glory of God along with him . and we softened iron for him '' ( Quran 34 : 10 ) . To glorify God is to have the heart that stands in wonderment seeing that for God everything is possible through means or without means : `` Glory to Him who journeyed His devotee by night , from the Sacred Mosque to the Farthest Mosque , whose precincts We blessed , so We might show him some of Our wonders . For He is the all - hearing , the all - seeing '' ( Quran 17 : 1 ) . To glorify God is to view God as impeccable ; that is to cleanse bad thoughts that you have about God : `` Then the whale swallowed him , and he was blameworthy . If not for the fact that he was one who glorified God , he would have remained inside its guts until the day they are resurrected '' ( Quran 37 : 142 - 144 ) . To glorify God is to free one 's mind from constrained conceptions that you have about God without knowledge : `` Yet they considered sprites partners to God , though God created them ; and they falsely attribute sons and daughters to God , without knowledge . Glory be to God , exalted beyond what they describe '' ( Quran 6 : 100 ) .","sentences":["To glorify God is to have wonderment and integration with the universe , as a child is experiencing a universe that is singing with the child : `` We did indeed bestow on David favor from Us : O mountains , and birds , sing the glory of God along with him .","and we softened iron for him '' ( Quran 34 : 10 ) .","To glorify God is to have the heart that stands in wonderment seeing that for God everything is possible through means or without means : `` Glory to Him who journeyed His devotee by night , from the Sacred Mosque to the Farthest Mosque , whose precincts We blessed , so We might show him some of Our wonders .","For He is the all - hearing , the all - seeing '' ( Quran 17 : 1 ) .","To glorify God is to view God as impeccable ; that is to cleanse bad thoughts that you have about God : `` Then the whale swallowed him , and he was blameworthy .","If not for the fact that he was one who glorified God , he would have remained inside its guts until the day they are resurrected '' ( Quran 37 : 142 - 144 ) .","To glorify God is to free one 's mind from constrained conceptions that you have about God without knowledge : `` Yet they considered sprites partners to God , though God created them ; and they falsely attribute sons and daughters to God , without knowledge .","Glory be to God , exalted beyond what they describe '' ( Quran 6 : 100 ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5587931300314668051","input":"how many super bowls did the houston oilers win","passages":[{"title":"History of the Houston Oilers","text":"The 1979 season was a near rerun of 1978 as the Oilers finished 11 -- 5 with Campbell gaining 1600 yards in the regular season , and again earned a wild card spot . Beating the Broncos in the first home playoff game in Houston in over a decade , the Oilers ' performance suffered with injuries to Campbell , Pastorini and Burroughs . They did manage to edged past the high - flying San Diego of Dan Fouts in the divisional round , partly thanks to the play of Vernon Perry ( 4 INTs and a blocked FG ) as well as the outstanding line coached by Joe Bugel . The Oilers returned to the AFC Championship game for the second year in a row , only to get knocked down by the Pittsburgh Steelers again , in spite of a terrific effort by Dan Pastorini -- The Steelers had shut the ailing Campbell down , yet Pastorini nearly succeeded with the modest receiving corps of Mike Renfro , Rich Caster , and Ronnie Coleman venturing into the Steelers Hall of Fame defense . A controversial out - of - bounds call nullified a touchdown by wide receiver Mike Renfro resulting in a 27 -- 13 victory for Pittsburgh . Once again , after a tough loss , the Oilers returned to their then adoring fans who packed the Astrodome for an impromptu pep - rally for the second year in a row .","sentences":["The 1979 season was a near rerun of 1978 as the Oilers finished 11 -- 5 with Campbell gaining 1600 yards in the regular season , and again earned a wild card spot .","Beating the Broncos in the first home playoff game in Houston in over a decade , the Oilers ' performance suffered with injuries to Campbell , Pastorini and Burroughs .","They did manage to edged past the high - flying San Diego of Dan Fouts in the divisional round , partly thanks to the play of Vernon Perry ( 4 INTs and a blocked FG ) as well as the outstanding line coached by Joe Bugel .","The Oilers returned to the AFC Championship game for the second year in a row , only to get knocked down by the Pittsburgh Steelers again , in spite of a terrific effort by Dan Pastorini --","The Steelers had shut the ailing Campbell down , yet Pastorini nearly succeeded with the modest receiving corps of Mike Renfro , Rich Caster , and Ronnie Coleman venturing into the Steelers Hall of Fame defense .","A controversial out - of - bounds call nullified a touchdown by wide receiver Mike Renfro resulting in a 27 -- 13 victory for Pittsburgh .","Once again , after a tough loss , the Oilers returned to their then adoring fans who packed the Astrodome for an impromptu pep - rally for the second year in a row ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6632827761832636788","input":"what is a healthy amount of co2 in the earth atmosphere","passages":[{"title":"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere","text":"Most sources of CO emissions are natural , and are balanced to various degrees by natural CO sinks . For example , the natural decay of organic material in forests and grasslands and the action of forest fires results in the release of about 439 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide every year , while new growth entirely counteracts this effect , absorbing 450 gigatonnes per year . Although the initial carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of the young Earth was produced by volcanic activity , modern volcanic activity releases only 130 to 230 megatonnes of carbon dioxide each year . These natural sources are nearly balanced by natural sinks , physical and biological processes which remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere . For example , some is directly removed from the atmosphere by land plants for photosynthesis and it is soluble in water forming carbonic acid . There is a large natural flux of CO into and out of the biosphere and oceans . In the pre-industrial era these fluxes were largely in balance . Currently about 57 % of human - emitted CO is removed by the biosphere and oceans . From pre-industrial era to 2010 , the terrestrial biosphere represented a net source of atmospheric CO prior to 1940 , switching subsequently to a net sink . The ratio of the increase in atmospheric CO to emitted CO is known as the airborne fraction ( Keeling et al. , 1995 ) ; this varies for short - term averages and is typically about 45 % over longer ( 5 year ) periods . Estimated carbon in global terrestrial vegetation increased from approximately 740 billion tons in 1910 to 780 billion tons in 1990 .","sentences":["Most sources of CO emissions are natural , and are balanced to various degrees by natural CO sinks .","For example , the natural decay of organic material in forests and grasslands and the action of forest fires results in the release of about 439 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide every year , while new growth entirely counteracts this effect , absorbing 450 gigatonnes per year .","Although the initial carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of the young Earth was produced by volcanic activity , modern volcanic activity releases only 130 to 230 megatonnes of carbon dioxide each year .","These natural sources are nearly balanced by natural sinks , physical and biological processes which remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere .","For example , some is directly removed from the atmosphere by land plants for photosynthesis and it is soluble in water forming carbonic acid .","There is a large natural flux of CO into and out of the biosphere and oceans .","In the pre-industrial era these fluxes were largely in balance .","Currently about 57 % of human - emitted CO is removed by the biosphere and oceans .","From pre-industrial era to 2010 , the terrestrial biosphere represented a net source of atmospheric CO prior to 1940 , switching subsequently to a net sink .","The ratio of the increase in atmospheric CO to emitted CO is known as the airborne fraction ( Keeling et al. , 1995 ) ; this varies for short - term averages and is typically about 45 % over longer ( 5 year ) periods .","Estimated carbon in global terrestrial vegetation increased from approximately 740 billion tons in 1910 to 780 billion tons in 1990 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2631725122759043968","input":"how did the mayans come up with their calendar","passages":[{"title":"Maya calendar","text":"The Maya counted the lunations . This cycle appears in the lunar series as two glyphs that modern scholars call the ' C ' and ' X ' glyphs . The C glyph could be prefixed with a number indicating the lunation . No prefixing number meant one , whereas the numbers two through six indicated the other lunations . There was also a part of the C glyph that indicated where this fell in a larger cycle of 18 lunations . Accompanying the C glyph was the ' X ' glyph that showed a similar pattern of 18 lunations . Lunation","sentences":["The Maya counted the lunations .","This cycle appears in the lunar series as two glyphs that modern scholars call the ' C ' and ' X ' glyphs .","The C glyph could be prefixed with a number indicating the lunation .","No prefixing number meant one , whereas the numbers two through six indicated the other lunations .","There was also a part of the C glyph that indicated where this fell in a larger cycle of 18 lunations .","Accompanying the C glyph was the ' X ' glyph that showed a similar pattern of 18 lunations .","Lunation"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-68438973050175278","input":"where did the blue and black dress come from","passages":[{"title":"The dress","text":"That evening , Wellesley College neuroscientist Bevil Conway gave some comments on the phenomenon to Wired reporter Adam Rogers . Before they hung up , Rogers warned him , `` your tomorrow will not be the same '' . Conway thought the reporter was exaggerating , saying , `` I did n't appreciate the full extent of what was about to happen . Not even close . '' Rogers 's story eventually got 32.8 million unique visitors . Meanwhile , when Conway woke up the next morning , his inbox had so many emails about the dress that at first , he thought his email had been hacked , until he saw that the bulk were interview requests from major media organisations . `` I did 10 interviews and had to have a colleague take my class that day , '' said Conway .","sentences":["That evening , Wellesley College neuroscientist Bevil Conway gave some comments on the phenomenon to Wired reporter Adam Rogers .","Before they hung up , Rogers warned him , `` your tomorrow will not be the same '' .","Conway thought the reporter was exaggerating , saying , `` I did n't appreciate the full extent of what was about to happen .","Not even close . ''","Rogers 's story eventually got 32.8 million unique visitors .","Meanwhile , when Conway woke up the next morning , his inbox had so many emails about the dress that at first , he thought his email had been hacked , until he saw that the bulk were interview requests from major media organisations .","`` I did 10 interviews and had to have a colleague take my class that day , '' said Conway ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-475365650848566024","input":"who came up with the backdoor plan on big brother","passages":[{"title":"Big Brother 5 (U.S.)","text":"The season 's main theme was titled `` Project Do Not Assume '' , or `` Project DNA '' for short , and was incorporated through two twists . The first of these twists were that HouseGuests Michael `` Cowboy '' Ellis and Jennifer `` Nakomis '' Dedmon were , unbeknownst to them , half - siblings . The two share the same father , whom Ellis had never met . Ellis quickly figured out the twist , and Big Brother later gave the two letters from home explaining the situation . This twist had no impact on the format of the game , other than the personal implications that arise with the situation . The second twist was that a set of twins were switching spots in the house , with the goal of making it to the fifth week . If they succeeded this without getting caught , they would both be eligible to play as individuals . The twins , Adria and Natalie , both played as Adria , and would switch places at various times in the Diary Room . The sisters succeeded in the task , and Natalie entered the game on Day 35 . This twist was later implemented in Big Brother 17 . This was also the first season to feature a Fast Forward Week , in which two HouseGuests were evicted in the span of one week .","sentences":["The season 's main theme was titled `` Project Do Not Assume '' , or `` Project DNA '' for short , and was incorporated through two twists .","The first of these twists were that HouseGuests Michael `` Cowboy '' Ellis and Jennifer `` Nakomis '' Dedmon were , unbeknownst to them , half - siblings .","The two share the same father , whom Ellis had never met .","Ellis quickly figured out the twist , and Big Brother later gave the two letters from home explaining the situation .","This twist had no impact on the format of the game , other than the personal implications that arise with the situation .","The second twist was that a set of twins were switching spots in the house , with the goal of making it to the fifth week .","If they succeeded this without getting caught , they would both be eligible to play as individuals .","The twins , Adria and Natalie , both played as Adria , and would switch places at various times in the Diary Room .","The sisters succeeded in the task , and Natalie entered the game on Day 35 .","This twist was later implemented in Big Brother 17 .","This was also the first season to feature a Fast Forward Week , in which two HouseGuests were evicted in the span of one week ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6288975459936582714","input":"where did the romans get their alphabet from","passages":[{"title":"History of the Latin script","text":"The use of the letters I and V for both consonants and vowels proved inconvenient as the Latin alphabet was adapted to Germanic and Romance languages . W originated as a doubled V ( VV ) used to represent the sound ( w ) found in Old English as early as the 7th century . It came into common use in the later 11th century , replacing the runic Wynn letter which had been used for the same sound . In the Romance languages , the minuscule form of V was a rounded u ; from this was derived a rounded capital U for the vowel in the 16th century , while a new , pointed minuscule v was derived from V for the consonant . In the case of I , a word - final swash form , j , came to be used for the consonant , with the un-swashed form restricted to vowel use . Such conventions were erratic for centuries . J was introduced into English for the consonant in the 17th century ( it had been rare as a vowel ) , but it was not universally considered a distinct letter in the alphabetic order until the 19th century .","sentences":["The use of the letters I and V for both consonants and vowels proved inconvenient as the Latin alphabet was adapted to Germanic and Romance languages .","W originated as a doubled V ( VV ) used to represent the sound ( w ) found in Old English as early as the 7th century .","It came into common use in the later 11th century , replacing the runic Wynn letter which had been used for the same sound .","In the Romance languages , the minuscule form of V was a rounded u ; from this was derived a rounded capital U for the vowel in the 16th century , while a new , pointed minuscule v was derived from V for the consonant .","In the case of I , a word - final swash form , j , came to be used for the consonant , with the un-swashed form restricted to vowel use .","Such conventions were erratic for centuries .","J was introduced into English for the consonant in the 17th century ( it had been rare as a vowel ) , but it was not universally considered a distinct letter in the alphabetic order until the 19th century ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6242907724549668811","input":"is there a pride and prejudice and zombies 2 movie","passages":[{"title":"Pride and Prejudice and Zombies (film)","text":"The Bennets are visited by the overbearing Parson Collins , who proposes to Elizabeth but states that she must give up her life as a warrior , something she refuses to do . Elizabeth meets a charming soldier named Wickham and arranges to meet him at another ball . She travels with him to a church that is filled with zombies who feed on pig brains instead of human brains , keeping their behaviour relatively normal . Wickham believes that with these new civilised zombies , humans can co-exist with them . He asks Elizabeth to elope but she backs off . Elizabeth learns that Darcy convinced the Bingleys to leave to keep Bingley away from Jane . When Darcy proposes to Elizabeth , having fallen in love with her , she expresses outrage at his actions and fights him .","sentences":["The Bennets are visited by the overbearing Parson Collins , who proposes to Elizabeth but states that she must give up her life as a warrior , something she refuses to do .","Elizabeth meets a charming soldier named Wickham and arranges to meet him at another ball .","She travels with him to a church that is filled with zombies who feed on pig brains instead of human brains , keeping their behaviour relatively normal .","Wickham believes that with these new civilised zombies , humans can co-exist with them .","He asks Elizabeth to elope","but she backs off .","Elizabeth learns that Darcy convinced the Bingleys to leave to keep Bingley away from Jane .","When Darcy proposes to Elizabeth , having fallen in love with her , she expresses outrage at his actions and fights him ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2098423959082767607","input":"in the context of social factors that affect marketing with component lifestyles people are","passages":[{"title":"Lifestyle (sociology)","text":"A healthy or unhealthy lifestyle will most likely be transmitted across generations . According to the study done by Case et al. ( 2002 ) , when a 0 - 3 year old child has a mother who practices a healthy lifestyle , this child will be 27 % more likely to become healthy and adopt the same lifestyle . For instance , high income parents are more likely to eat organic food , have time to exercise , and provide the best living condition to their children . On the other hand , low income parents are more likely to participate in unhealthy activities such as smoking to help them release poverty - related stress and depression . Parents are the first teacher for every child . Everything that parents do will be very likely transferred to their children through the learning process .","sentences":["A healthy or unhealthy lifestyle will most likely be transmitted across generations .","According to the study done by Case et al.","( 2002 ) , when a 0 - 3 year old child has a mother who practices a healthy lifestyle , this child will be 27 % more likely to become healthy and adopt the same lifestyle .","For instance , high income parents are more likely to eat organic food , have time to exercise , and provide the best living condition to their children .","On the other hand , low income parents are more likely to participate in unhealthy activities such as smoking to help them release poverty - related stress and depression .","Parents are the first teacher for every child .","Everything that parents do will be very likely transferred to their children through the learning process ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6236891019128088282","input":"what is a real number that is irrational","passages":[{"title":"Irrational number","text":"p ( x ) = a n x n + a n \u2212 1 x n \u2212 1 + \u22ef + a 1 x + a 0 = 0 ( \\ displaystyle p ( x ) = a_ ( n ) x ^ ( n ) + a_ ( n - 1 ) x ^ ( n - 1 ) + \\ cdots + a_ ( 1 ) x + a_ ( 0 ) = 0 )","sentences":["p ( x ) = a n x n + a n \u2212 1 x n \u2212 1","+","\u22ef","+ a 1 x + a 0 = 0","( \\ displaystyle p ( x ) = a_ ( n ) x","^ ( n )","+ a_ ( n - 1 ) x","^ ( n - 1 ) + \\ cdots + a_","( 1 ) x","+ a_ ( 0 ) = 0 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7647973030710859034","input":"what happens when the king makes it to the other side in chess","passages":[{"title":"Promotion (chess)","text":"66 ... Rh5 67 . Be4 Rxh6 68 . Ka3 ( putting Black into zugzwang ) 68 ... Rh5 69 . Rb8 Re5 70 . Bc6 and White wins .","sentences":["66 ...","Rh5 67 .","Be4 Rxh6 68 .","Ka3 ( putting Black into zugzwang )","68 ... Rh5 69 .","Rb8 Re5 70 .","Bc6 and White wins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-925956692979445029","input":"when does each rick and morty episode come out","passages":[{"title":"Rick and Morty (season 3)","text":"At Morty 's insistence , Rick agrees to join the Vindicators , a group of intergalactic superheroes , to fight their arch - nemesis , Worldender . Rick can not hide his disdain for the superheroes , while Morty is thrilled . The next morning , the Vindicators enter Worldender 's base , only to find that the previous night a blackout drunk Rick had killed him and set up a variety of puzzles that the Vindicators must solve to survive . They start arguing and kill one another , while Morty solves all the puzzles , as he knows what Rick had in mind when he put them up . After all puzzles are solved , the only ones left alive are Rick , Morty and Supernova , a member of the Vindicators . Supernova tries to kill Rick and Morty , but before she can do so , the three of them are transported to a party that Rick also set up while blackout drunk , where she gets away . Post-credit scene : Gearhead tries to use a Vindicators vest to pick up some young girls , but when an alien terrorist attack strikes , he runs away eventually tripping and falling , breaking into pieces .","sentences":["At Morty 's insistence , Rick agrees to join the Vindicators , a group of intergalactic superheroes , to fight their arch - nemesis , Worldender .","Rick can not hide his disdain for the superheroes , while Morty is thrilled .","The next morning , the Vindicators enter Worldender 's base , only to find that the previous night a blackout drunk Rick had killed him and set up a variety of puzzles that the Vindicators must solve to survive .","They start arguing and kill one another , while Morty solves all the puzzles , as he knows what Rick had in mind when he put them up .","After all puzzles are solved , the only ones left alive are Rick , Morty and Supernova , a member of the Vindicators .","Supernova tries to kill Rick and Morty , but before she can do so , the three of them are transported to a party that Rick also set up while blackout drunk , where she gets away .","Post-credit scene : Gearhead tries to use a Vindicators vest to pick up some young girls , but when an alien terrorist attack strikes , he runs away eventually tripping and falling , breaking into pieces ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8585283399079991603","input":"what types of ideas were contained within the declaration of the rights of man","passages":[{"title":"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen","text":"While the French Revolution provided rights to a larger portion of the population , there remained a distinction between those who obtained the political rights in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen and those who did not . Those who were deemed to hold these political rights were called active citizens . Active citizenship was granted to men who were French , at least 25 years old , paid taxes equal to three days work , and could not be defined as servants ( Thouret ) . This meant that at the time of the Declaration only male property owners held these rights . The deputies in the National Assembly believed that only those who held tangible interests in the nation could make informed political decisions . This distinction directly affects articles 6 , 12 , 14 , and 15 of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen as each of these rights is related to the right to vote and to participate actively in the government . With the decree of 29 October 1789 , the term active citizen became embedded in French politics .","sentences":["While the French Revolution provided rights to a larger portion of the population , there remained a distinction between those who obtained the political rights in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen and those who did not .","Those who were deemed to hold these political rights were called active citizens .","Active citizenship was granted to men who were French , at least 25 years old , paid taxes equal to three days work , and could not be defined as servants ( Thouret ) .","This meant that at the time of the Declaration only male property owners held these rights .","The deputies in the National Assembly believed that only those who held tangible interests in the nation could make informed political decisions .","This distinction directly affects articles 6 , 12 , 14 , and 15 of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen as each of these rights is related to the right to vote and to participate actively in the government .","With the decree of 29 October 1789 , the term active citizen became embedded in French politics ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4388342046529870924","input":"where did the chicago bears logo come from","passages":[{"title":"Chicago Bears logos, uniforms, and mascots","text":"For most of the 1940s through the late 1960s the Bears , unlike most all NFL teams , wore helmets and face masks made by Chicago - based Wilson Sporting Goods . This headgear was of a slightly different shape than that of the Riddell company , the principal supplier to NFL teams . ( Gale Sayers 's mid-1960s flared - ear Wilson helmet and white face mask with angled vertical bars are familiar to football fans ) . In 1982 , the club 's standard gray facemasks became dark blue . In 1994 , in honor of the NFL 's 75th Anniversary , the Bears helmets were all blue , and without the logo . The Bears would don a similar helmet to the 1994 helmet in 2010 , honoring the Monsters of the Midway , with the helmets still being blue , but with a grey facemask","sentences":["For most of the 1940s through the late 1960s the Bears , unlike most all NFL teams , wore helmets and face masks made by Chicago - based Wilson Sporting Goods .","This headgear was of a slightly different shape than that of the Riddell company , the principal supplier to NFL teams .","( Gale Sayers 's mid-1960s flared - ear Wilson helmet and white face mask with angled vertical bars are familiar to football fans ) .","In 1982 , the club 's standard gray facemasks became dark blue .","In 1994 , in honor of the NFL 's 75th Anniversary , the Bears helmets were all blue , and without the logo .","The Bears would don a similar helmet to the 1994 helmet in 2010 , honoring the Monsters of the Midway , with the helmets still being blue , but with a grey facemask"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4226874453561162660","input":"what does australia and canada have in common","passages":[{"title":"Australia\u2013Canada relations","text":"This difference in approach was so profound that Mackenzie King refused to meet Evatt to discuss their views on the great powers ' efforts to secure a veto in the Security Council . Instead , he sent his heir apparent , the stately and dignified minister of justice , Louis St. Laurent . The meeting was unsuccessful . Evatt considered St. Laurent `` a pawn in a move to defeat the Australian case '' and dismissed him as `` an American stooge . '' The bilateral relationship remained tense during the immediate postwar period . This partly reflected the disruptive influence of Evatt , who continued to irritate Canadian diplomats and politicians . His success at pressing Australia 's claim to the `` Commonwealth '' seat on the U.N. 's first Security Council in 1946 was particularly galling . More significantly , this tension reflected very different security concerns . Australia , haunted by the spectre of a reconstructed Japan , was anxious to press ahead with a peace settlement that would remove this threat . At a conference in Canberra in September 1947 it sought the support of its Commonwealth partners to push the process ahead . Ottawa , however , was dismayed by the Australian bid to re-fashion a Commonwealth bloc . Washington was almost certain to resent the Australian demarche , which seemed likely to jeopardize Anglo - American cooperation as the cold war erupted in Europe . This sharp geographic difference in focus , which only increased in 1948 when Canada joined in the discussions that resulted in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization , diminished the possibility of bilateral cooperation . Indeed , by the late - 1940s , relations were so strained that they became the object of gentle derision in Ottawa . After a meeting with Princess Elizabeth and the infant Prince Charles , Lester Pearson confessed to his diary the `` hope that relations ... were not further disturbed by the fact that I was able to make the baby laugh while ( J.B. ) Chifley ( Curtin 's successor as prime minister ) was not . ''","sentences":["This difference in approach was so profound that Mackenzie King refused to meet Evatt to discuss their views on the great powers ' efforts to secure a veto in the Security Council .","Instead , he sent his heir apparent , the stately and dignified minister of justice , Louis St. Laurent .","The meeting was unsuccessful .","Evatt considered St. Laurent `` a pawn in a move to defeat the Australian case '' and dismissed him as `` an American stooge . ''","The bilateral relationship remained tense during the immediate postwar period .","This partly reflected the disruptive influence of Evatt , who continued to irritate Canadian diplomats and politicians .","His success at pressing Australia 's claim to the `` Commonwealth '' seat on the U.N. 's first Security Council in 1946 was particularly galling .","More significantly , this tension reflected very different security concerns .","Australia , haunted by the spectre of a reconstructed Japan , was anxious to press ahead with a peace settlement that would remove this threat .","At a conference in Canberra in September 1947 it sought the support of its Commonwealth partners to push the process ahead .","Ottawa , however , was dismayed by the Australian bid to re-fashion a Commonwealth bloc .","Washington was almost certain to resent the Australian demarche , which seemed likely to jeopardize Anglo - American cooperation as the cold war erupted in Europe .","This sharp geographic difference in focus , which only increased in 1948 when Canada joined in the discussions that resulted in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization , diminished the possibility of bilateral cooperation .","Indeed , by the late - 1940s , relations were so strained that they became the object of gentle derision in Ottawa .","After a meeting with Princess Elizabeth and the infant Prince Charles , Lester Pearson confessed to his diary the `` hope that relations ... were not further disturbed by the fact that I was able to make the baby laugh while ( J.B. ) Chifley ( Curtin 's successor as prime minister ) was not . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3103812190156537969","input":"who are the members of the eagles band","passages":[{"title":"Eagles (band)","text":"It appeared to be the end of the Eagles , but the band still had a commitment with Elektra Records to make a live record from the tour . Eagles Live ( released in November 1980 ) was mixed on opposite coasts . Frey had already left the band and would remain in Los Angeles , while the other band members each worked on their parts in Miami . `` We were fixing three - part harmonies courtesy of Federal Express , '' said producer Bill Szymczyk . Frey refused to speak to the other Eagles , and he fired Irving Azoff as his manager . With credits that listed five attorneys , the album 's liner notes simply said , `` Thank you and goodnight . '' A single released from the album -- `` Seven Bridges Road '' -- had been a live concert staple for the band . It was written by Steve Young in an arrangement created by Iain Matthews for his Valley Hi album in 1973 . The song reached number 21 on the charts in 1980 , becoming the Eagles ' last Top 40 single until 1994 .","sentences":["It appeared to be the end of the Eagles , but the band still had a commitment with Elektra Records to make a live record from the tour .","Eagles Live ( released in November 1980 ) was mixed on opposite coasts .","Frey had already left the band and would remain in Los Angeles , while the other band members each worked on their parts in Miami .","`` We were fixing three - part harmonies courtesy of Federal Express , '' said producer Bill Szymczyk .","Frey refused to speak to the other Eagles , and he fired Irving Azoff as his manager .","With credits that listed five attorneys , the album 's liner notes simply said , `` Thank you and goodnight . ''","A single released from the album -- `` Seven Bridges Road '' -- had been a live concert staple for the band .","It was written by Steve Young in an arrangement created by Iain Matthews for his Valley Hi album in 1973 .","The song reached number 21 on the charts in 1980 , becoming the Eagles ' last Top 40 single until 1994 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5081258420945514085","input":"how many vibrational degrees of freedom are there for nh3","passages":[{"title":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","text":"E = \u03b1 i X i 2 + \u03b2 i X i Y ( \\ displaystyle E = \\ alpha _ ( i ) \\ , \\ , X_ ( i ) ^ ( 2 ) + \\ beta _ ( i ) \\ , \\ , X_ ( i ) Y ) ,","sentences":["E = \u03b1","i","X","i 2 + \u03b2 i","X i Y ( \\ displaystyle E = \\ alpha _","( i ) \\ , \\ , X_ ( i )","^","( 2 ) + \\ beta _","( i ) \\ , \\ , X_ ( i ) Y ) ,"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5569410210316751596","input":"how did the dutch east india company came to dominate asian trade","passages":[{"title":"Dutch East India Company","text":"In terms of military - political history , the VOC , along with the Dutch West India Company ( WIC \/ GWIC ) , was seen as the international arm of the Dutch Republic and the symbolic power of the Dutch Empire . The VOC was historically a military - political - economic complex rather than a pure trading company ( or shipping company ) . The government - backed but privately financed company was effectively a state in its own right , or a state within another state . For almost 200 years of its existence , the VOC was a key non-state geopolitical player in Eurasia . The company was much an unofficial representative of the States General of the United Provinces in foreign relations of the Dutch Republic with many states , especially Dutch - Asian relations . The company 's territories were even larger than some countries .","sentences":["In terms of military - political history , the VOC , along with the Dutch West India Company ( WIC \/ GWIC ) , was seen as the international arm of the Dutch Republic and the symbolic power of the Dutch Empire .","The VOC was historically a military - political - economic complex rather than a pure trading company ( or shipping company ) .","The government - backed but privately financed company was effectively a state in its own right , or a state within another state .","For almost 200 years of its existence , the VOC was a key non-state geopolitical player in Eurasia .","The company was much an unofficial representative of the States General of the United Provinces in foreign relations of the Dutch Republic with many states , especially Dutch - Asian relations .","The company 's territories were even larger than some countries ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4872416813092736760","input":"what happens if this membrane transport protein does not function","passages":[{"title":"Membrane transport protein","text":"This picture represents symport . The yellow triangle shows the concentration gradient for the yellow circles while the green triangle shows the concentration gradient for the green circles and the purple rods are the transport protein bundle . The green circles are moving against their concentration gradient through a transport protein which requires energy while the yellow circles move down their concentration gradient which releases energy . The yellow circles produce more energy through chemiosmosis than what is required to move the green circles so the movement is coupled and some energy is cancelled out . One example is the lactose permease which allows protons to go down its concentration gradient into the cell while also pumping lactose into the cell . Pores :","sentences":["This picture represents symport .","The yellow triangle shows the concentration gradient for the yellow circles while the green triangle shows the concentration gradient for the green circles and the purple rods are the transport protein bundle .","The green circles are moving against their concentration gradient through a transport protein which requires energy while the yellow circles move down their concentration gradient which releases energy .","The yellow circles produce more energy through chemiosmosis than what is required to move the green circles so the movement is coupled and some energy is cancelled out .","One example is the lactose permease which allows protons to go down its concentration gradient into the cell while also pumping lactose into the cell .","Pores :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8898536556703732619","input":"who sang in the we are the world video","passages":[{"title":"We Are the World","text":"Chart ( 1985 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista ) France ( SNEP ) Germany ( Official German Charts ) Ireland ( IRMA ) Italy ( FIMI ) Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) Norway ( VG - lista ) South African Chart Spain ( AFYVE ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Hot Country Songs ( Billboard ) 76 US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) US Mainstream Rock ( Billboard ) 27 US Cash Box","sentences":["Chart ( 1985 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report )","Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada Top Singles ( RPM )","Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista )","France ( SNEP ) Germany ( Official German Charts ) Ireland ( IRMA )","Italy ( FIMI ) Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ )","Norway ( VG - lista )","South African Chart Spain ( AFYVE )","Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan )","Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Hot Country Songs ( Billboard ) 76 US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) US Mainstream Rock ( Billboard ) 27 US Cash Box"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5273128123204626609","input":"when does season 7 episode 8 of game of thrones come out","passages":[{"title":"Game of Thrones (season 7)","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 61 `` Dragonstone '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 16 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 16 ) 10.11 At the Twins , Arya fatally poisons the remaining lords of House Frey . The White Walkers march toward the Wall , where Tollett allows Bran and Meera inside . At Winterfell , despite Sansa 's disapproval , Jon secures the loyalties of Houses Umber and Karstark , who fought alongside Ramsay in the Battle of the Bastards . At the Citadel , Samwell steals books that reveal a large reservoir of dragonglass in Dragonstone , and sends word to Jon . He later finds Jorah in a cell . In the Riverlands , Arya meets a group of friendly Lannister soldiers , who take her intention to kill Cersei as a joke . Thoros shows Sandor a vision in the fire . The revelation leads him to believe in the Lord of Light . In King 's Landing , Jaime tells Cersei of the crucial need for allies . She welcomes Euron , who proposes marriage to her in exchange for his Iron Fleet and a chance to kill Theon and Yara . Cersei declines citing trust as a concern , so Euron promises to return with a `` gift '' to prove his loyalty . Daenerys arrives at Dragonstone , the home of House Targaryen once occupied by Stannis , with her army and dragons . 62 `` Stormborn '' Mark Mylod Bryan Cogman July 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 23 ) 9.27 Daenerys sends the Dornishmen with Yara 's fleet to Sunspear and the Unsullied to Casterly Rock , deciding to place King 's Landing under siege . She questions Varys ' loyalty and threatens to burn him alive if he ever betrays her . Melisandre arrives and encourages her to invite Jon Snow to Dragonstone . Grey Worm and Missandei consummate their relationship . Cersei gathers several lords , asking for their fealties and elevating Randyll Tarly as Warden of the South . Qyburn shows Cersei a prototype ballista capable of harming dragons . Arya meets with Hot Pie and learns of Jon 's ascension to King in the North , halting plans to travel to King 's Landing and instead setting course for Winterfell . After receiving Samwell 's letter , Jon leaves for Dragonstone in hopes of convincing Daenerys to support the fight against the White Walkers . He leaves Sansa in charge and aggressively warns Littlefinger to keep his distance . Samwell applies a forbidden treatment on Jorah 's greyscale infection . Euron 's fleet attacks Yara 's . Obara and Nymeria are killed , while Ellaria , Tyene , and Yara are captured . Theon shows flashes of his time as Reek , hesitating to challenge Euron before fleeing the carnage by jumping into the sea . 63 `` The Queen 's Justice '' Mark Mylod David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 30 ) 9.25 Jon arrives at Dragonstone . Daenerys demands his fealty . He refuses and focuses instead on convincing her to fight the Army of the Dead . Following Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys grants Jon access to the island 's dragonglass . Melisandre hides her presence from Jon and leaves for Volantis . Bran arrives at Winterfell and reveals his newfound role as the Three - Eyed Raven to Sansa . In King 's Landing , Euron returns with Ellaria and Tyene as a gift for Cersei , who promises to marry him after the war is won . She also awards him co-control of her military alongside Jaime . Cersei administers to Tyene the same poison used to kill Myrcella , forcing Ellaria to watch her daughter 's impending death . In Oldtown , a healed Jorah leaves to find Daenerys . Ebrose forgives Samwell . Grey Worm and the Unsullied attack Casterly Rock , only to find it mostly abandoned . Jaime led most of the Lannister forces in an attack on Highgarden , while Euron 's fleet ambushes and destroys the Unsullied 's ships . The Lannister forces overwhelm Olenna 's army . Jaime induces Olenna to drink poison , offering her a quick and painless death . After drinking it , she confesses to poisoning Joffrey . 64 `` The Spoils of War '' Matt Shakman David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 06 ) 10.17 Arya returns to Winterfell , where she reunites with Sansa and spars with Brienne , both of whom are unnerved by her exceptional fighting skills . Bran unemotionally bids farewell to Meera , divulging that he is no longer the boy she accompanied through the North . Littlefinger presents Bran with the dagger that was previously used in his attempted assassination . Cersei assures the Iron Bank a full return on their investment , as a train carrying gold from Highgarden is on its way to King 's Landing . In a cave filled with dragonglass , Jon reveals ancient paintings to Daenerys depicting the First Men and the Children of the Forest joining forces against the undead . Later , Daenerys learns of the sacking of Highgarden by Lannister forces and realizes her attack on Casterly Rock was a distraction . Despite Tyrion 's protests , she decides to take action . Led by Daenerys riding Drogon , the Dothraki cavalry catches the Lannister army by surprise and decimate or capture its remaining forces . Drogon is wounded during the fight by a spear fired from the scorpion ballista being manned by Bronn . Jaime mounts a desperate charge on horseback at a vulnerable Daenerys , but Drogon spews fire in time to thwart the attack . Bronn tackles Jaime into the river in time to save him . 65 5 `` Eastwatch '' Matt Shakman Dave Hill August 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 13 ) 10.72 Jaime and Bronn return to King 's Landing . Against Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys has Drogon burn Randyll and Dickon Tarly alive for remaining allegiant to Cersei , forcing the other captives to pledge fealty to the former . Jorah arrives at Dragonstone and reunites with Daenerys . Maester Wolkan alerts Jon and the Citadel about the approaching wights to the Eastwatch by the Sea . Jon decides to travel beyond the Wall and capture a wight in order to convince Cersei for a temporary alliance . Davos smuggles Tyrion inside King 's Landing , where he secretly meets with Jaime and offers an armistice , which Cersei accepts , informing Jaime that she is pregnant . Davos rendezvouses with Gendry and returns him to Dragonstone . With the Citadel ignoring Wolkan 's letter , Samwell steals several books and leaves with Gilly and Little Sam . At Winterfell , Littlefinger notices Arya spying on him and leads her to take a letter written by Sansa from his room . Jon , Jorah , and Gendry , joined by the Hound , the Brotherhood , and a group of the Free Folk led by Tormund , leave Eastwatch and pass the Wall , intending to capture a wight as evidence for Cersei that the Army of the Dead is real . 66 6 `` Beyond the Wall '' Alan Taylor David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 20 ) 10.24 At Winterfell , Littlefinger plots to isolate Sansa . Tensions between Arya and Sansa grow following Arya 's discovery of the letter Sansa sent as a child begging for Robb 's fealty to Joffrey . Sansa discovers Arya 's bag of faces she took from Braavos . At Dragonstone , Tyrion counsels Daenerys about her upcoming negotiations with Cersei . Beyond the Wall , Jon leads a raiding party to capture a wight to bring South as evidence of the White Walkers ' existence . After successfully capturing one , the group is besieged by the White Walker army . Jon has Gendry return to Eastwatch and send a raven to Daenerys to request her help . Thoros freezes to death overnight . Daenerys arrives and saves the group from the wights , with the help of her dragons . The Night King , leader of the White Walkers , throws an ice spear at Viserion , one of Daenerys ' dragons , and kills it . Daenerys flies off , along with the raiding party , but is unable to save Jon . Benjen Stark intervenes and sacrifices himself to allow Jon to escape . When Jon and Daenerys are reunited , Jon pledges himself and the North to Daenerys as Queen . The Night King resurrects Viserion , making the dragon a part of his army . 67 7 `` The Dragon and the Wolf '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 27 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 27 ) 12.07 At King 's Landing , the wight is presented to the Lannisters . Cersei demands Jon 's neutrality in the Great War , but he upholds his oath to Daenerys , provoking Cersei to leave . Tyrion meets privately with Cersei , apparently persuading her to ally . Cersei later reveals to Jaime that she was lying and instead intends to use the Golden Company of Braavos to secure her hold on Westeros . Disgusted , Jaime deserts her and rides north . Bound for White Harbor , Jon and Daenerys make love . At Dragonstone , Theon earns the respect of his men and leads them to rescue Yara . At Winterfell , Littlefinger sows dissent using Arya 's threatening demeanor with Sansa , who assembles a trial . After listing Littlefinger 's acts of treason against House Stark and the North , Sansa has Arya execute him . Samwell arrives at Winterfell and meets with Bran , where both discuss Jon 's parentage . They realise Jon is a trueborn Targaryen named Aegon and valid heir to the Iron Throne , with his parents -- Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark -- having married in secret . At Eastwatch , an undead Viserion damages the Wall , allowing the Army of the Dead to march south .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 61 `` Dragonstone '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 16 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 16 ) 10.11 At the Twins , Arya fatally poisons the remaining lords of House Frey .","The White Walkers march toward the Wall , where Tollett allows Bran and Meera inside .","At Winterfell , despite Sansa 's disapproval , Jon secures the loyalties of Houses Umber and Karstark , who fought alongside Ramsay in the Battle of the Bastards .","At the Citadel , Samwell steals books that reveal a large reservoir of dragonglass in Dragonstone , and sends word to Jon .","He later finds Jorah in a cell .","In the Riverlands , Arya meets a group of friendly Lannister soldiers , who take her intention to kill Cersei as a joke .","Thoros shows Sandor a vision in the fire .","The revelation leads him to believe in the Lord of Light .","In King 's Landing , Jaime tells Cersei of the crucial need for allies .","She welcomes Euron , who proposes marriage to her in exchange for his Iron Fleet and a chance to kill Theon and Yara .","Cersei declines citing trust as a concern , so Euron promises to return with a `` gift '' to prove his loyalty .","Daenerys arrives at Dragonstone , the home of House Targaryen once occupied by Stannis , with her army and dragons .","62 `` Stormborn '' Mark Mylod Bryan Cogman July 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 23 ) 9.27 Daenerys sends the Dornishmen with Yara 's fleet to Sunspear and the Unsullied to Casterly Rock , deciding to place King 's Landing under siege .","She questions Varys ' loyalty and threatens to burn him alive if he ever betrays her .","Melisandre arrives and encourages her to invite Jon Snow to Dragonstone .","Grey Worm and Missandei consummate their relationship .","Cersei gathers several lords , asking for their fealties and elevating Randyll Tarly as Warden of the South .","Qyburn shows Cersei a prototype ballista capable of harming dragons .","Arya meets with Hot Pie and learns of Jon 's ascension to King in the North , halting plans to travel to King 's Landing and instead setting course for Winterfell .","After receiving Samwell 's letter , Jon leaves for Dragonstone in hopes of convincing Daenerys to support the fight against the White Walkers .","He leaves Sansa in charge and aggressively warns Littlefinger to keep his distance .","Samwell applies a forbidden treatment on Jorah 's greyscale infection .","Euron 's fleet attacks Yara 's .","Obara and Nymeria are killed , while Ellaria , Tyene , and Yara are captured .","Theon shows flashes of his time as Reek , hesitating to challenge Euron before fleeing the carnage by jumping into the sea .","63","`` The Queen 's Justice '' Mark Mylod David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 30 ) 9.25 Jon arrives at Dragonstone .","Daenerys demands his fealty .","He refuses and focuses instead on convincing her to fight the Army of the Dead .","Following Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys grants Jon access to the island 's dragonglass .","Melisandre hides her presence from Jon and leaves for Volantis .","Bran arrives at Winterfell and reveals his newfound role as the Three - Eyed Raven to Sansa .","In King 's Landing , Euron returns with Ellaria and Tyene as a gift for Cersei , who promises to marry him after the war is won .","She also awards him co-control of her military alongside Jaime .","Cersei administers to Tyene the same poison used to kill Myrcella , forcing Ellaria to watch her daughter 's impending death .","In Oldtown , a healed Jorah leaves to find Daenerys .","Ebrose forgives Samwell .","Grey Worm and the Unsullied attack Casterly Rock , only to find it mostly abandoned .","Jaime led most of the Lannister forces in an attack on Highgarden , while Euron 's fleet ambushes and destroys the Unsullied 's ships .","The Lannister forces overwhelm Olenna 's army .","Jaime induces Olenna to drink poison , offering her a quick and painless death .","After drinking it , she confesses to poisoning Joffrey .","64 `` The Spoils of War '' Matt Shakman David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 06 ) 10.17 Arya returns to Winterfell , where she reunites with Sansa and spars with Brienne , both of whom are unnerved by her exceptional fighting skills .","Bran unemotionally bids farewell to Meera , divulging that he is no longer the boy she accompanied through the North .","Littlefinger presents Bran with the dagger that was previously used in his attempted assassination .","Cersei assures the Iron Bank a full return on their investment , as a train carrying gold from Highgarden is on its way to King 's Landing .","In a cave filled with dragonglass , Jon reveals ancient paintings to Daenerys depicting the First Men and the Children of the Forest joining forces against the undead .","Later , Daenerys learns of the sacking of Highgarden by Lannister forces and realizes her attack on Casterly Rock was a distraction .","Despite Tyrion 's protests , she decides to take action .","Led by Daenerys riding Drogon , the Dothraki cavalry catches the Lannister army by surprise and decimate or capture its remaining forces .","Drogon is wounded during the fight by a spear fired from the scorpion ballista being manned by Bronn .","Jaime mounts a desperate charge on horseback at a vulnerable Daenerys , but Drogon spews fire in time to thwart the attack .","Bronn tackles Jaime into the river in time to save him .","65 5 `` Eastwatch '' Matt Shakman Dave Hill August 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 13 ) 10.72 Jaime and Bronn return to King 's Landing .","Against Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys has Drogon burn Randyll and Dickon Tarly alive for remaining allegiant to Cersei , forcing the other captives to pledge fealty to the former .","Jorah arrives at Dragonstone and reunites with Daenerys .","Maester Wolkan alerts Jon and the Citadel about the approaching wights to the Eastwatch by the Sea .","Jon decides to travel beyond the Wall and capture a wight in order to convince Cersei for a temporary alliance .","Davos smuggles Tyrion inside King 's Landing , where he secretly meets with Jaime and offers an armistice , which Cersei accepts , informing Jaime that she is pregnant .","Davos rendezvouses with Gendry and returns him to Dragonstone .","With the Citadel ignoring Wolkan 's letter , Samwell steals several books and leaves with Gilly and Little Sam .","At Winterfell , Littlefinger notices Arya spying on him and leads her to take a letter written by Sansa from his room .","Jon , Jorah , and Gendry , joined by the Hound , the Brotherhood , and a group of the Free Folk led by Tormund , leave Eastwatch and pass the Wall , intending to capture a wight as evidence for Cersei that the Army of the Dead is real .","66 6 `` Beyond the Wall '' Alan Taylor David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 20 ) 10.24 At Winterfell , Littlefinger plots to isolate Sansa .","Tensions between Arya and Sansa grow following Arya 's discovery of the letter Sansa sent as a child begging for Robb 's fealty to Joffrey .","Sansa discovers Arya 's bag of faces she took from Braavos .","At Dragonstone , Tyrion counsels Daenerys about her upcoming negotiations with Cersei .","Beyond the Wall , Jon leads a raiding party to capture a wight to bring South as evidence of the White Walkers ' existence .","After successfully capturing one , the group is besieged by the White Walker army .","Jon has Gendry return to Eastwatch and send a raven to Daenerys to request her help .","Thoros freezes to death overnight .","Daenerys arrives and saves the group from the wights , with the help of her dragons .","The Night King , leader of the White Walkers , throws an ice spear at Viserion , one of Daenerys ' dragons , and kills it .","Daenerys flies off , along with the raiding party , but is unable to save Jon .","Benjen Stark intervenes and sacrifices himself to allow Jon to escape .","When Jon and Daenerys are reunited , Jon pledges himself and the North to Daenerys as Queen .","The Night King resurrects Viserion , making the dragon a part of his army .","67 7 `` The Dragon and the Wolf '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 27 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 27 ) 12.07 At King 's Landing , the wight is presented to the Lannisters .","Cersei demands Jon 's neutrality in the Great War , but he upholds his oath to Daenerys , provoking Cersei to leave .","Tyrion meets privately with Cersei , apparently persuading her to ally .","Cersei later reveals to Jaime that she was lying and instead intends to use the Golden Company of Braavos to secure her hold on Westeros .","Disgusted , Jaime deserts her and rides north .","Bound for White Harbor , Jon and Daenerys make love .","At Dragonstone , Theon earns the respect of his men and leads them to rescue Yara .","At Winterfell , Littlefinger sows dissent using Arya 's threatening demeanor with Sansa , who assembles a trial .","After listing Littlefinger 's acts of treason against House Stark and the North , Sansa has Arya execute him .","Samwell arrives at Winterfell and meets with Bran , where both discuss Jon 's parentage .","They realise Jon is a trueborn Targaryen named Aegon and valid heir to the Iron Throne , with his parents -- Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark -- having married in secret .","At Eastwatch , an undead Viserion damages the Wall , allowing the Army of the Dead to march south ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2082962435245684523","input":"how did brigham and women's get its name","passages":[{"title":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","text":"Dana - Farber \/ Brigham and Women 's Cancer Center : The center brings together a cancer institute and a hospital , creating 13 specialized disease centers . Carl J. and Ruth Shapiro Cardiovascular Center . Brigham and Women 's Orthopedic and Arthritis Center : They specialize in research and therapies for bone and joint disease and injury . Brigham and Women 's Neurosciences Institute : The BWH Neurosciences Institute offers treatments for all diseases of the nervous system . The institute integrates neurology , neurosurgery , psychiatry and neuroradiology , with advanced research and clinical trials . Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women 's Health : BWH specializes in high - risk obstetric care , newborn intensive care , infertility services , complex gynecologic surgery , and gender - specific care . Osher Center for Integrative Medicine including chiropractic care .","sentences":["Dana - Farber \/ Brigham and Women 's Cancer Center : The center brings together a cancer institute and a hospital , creating 13 specialized disease centers .","Carl J. and Ruth Shapiro Cardiovascular Center .","Brigham and Women 's Orthopedic and Arthritis Center : They specialize in research and therapies for bone and joint disease and injury .","Brigham and Women 's Neurosciences Institute : The BWH Neurosciences Institute offers treatments for all diseases of the nervous system .","The institute integrates neurology , neurosurgery , psychiatry and neuroradiology , with advanced research and clinical trials .","Mary Horrigan Connors Center for Women 's Health : BWH specializes in high - risk obstetric care , newborn intensive care , infertility services , complex gynecologic surgery , and gender - specific care .","Osher Center for Integrative Medicine including chiropractic care ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8926734273843742624","input":"when does a mlb player run out of options","passages":[{"title":"Major League Baseball transactions","text":"Once a player has been placed on a team 's 40 - man roster , a team has 3 option years on that player . A player is considered to have used one of those three option years when he spends at least 20 days in the minors in any of those 3 seasons . A team may have a fourth option year on a player with less than five full seasons of professional experience , provided that both conditions below are met . A player has not spent at least 90 days on an active professional roster in a season . Minor leagues that play below Class A Advanced have seasons that are shorter than 90 days , and as such , any player who spends a full season in a rookie or Class A ( short - season ) league will receive a fourth option year . A player has not spent at least 60 days on an active professional roster AND then at least 30 days on a disabled list in a season . Only after 60 days have been spent on an active professional roster does time spent on the disabled list count towards the 90 - day threshold . As with the prior example , this can not occur with players who spend a full season in a rookie or Class A ( short season ) league .","sentences":["Once a player has been placed on a team 's 40 - man roster , a team has 3 option years on that player .","A player is considered to have used one of those three option years when he spends at least 20 days in the minors in any of those 3 seasons .","A team may have a fourth option year on a player with less than five full seasons of professional experience , provided that both conditions below are met .","A player has not spent at least 90 days on an active professional roster in a season .","Minor leagues that play below Class A Advanced have seasons that are shorter than 90 days , and as such , any player who spends a full season in a rookie or Class A ( short - season )","league will receive a fourth option year .","A player has not spent at least 60 days on an active professional roster AND then at least 30 days on a disabled list in a season .","Only after 60 days have been spent on an active professional roster does time spent on the disabled list count towards the 90 - day threshold .","As with the prior example , this can not occur with players who spend a full season in a rookie or Class A ( short season ) league ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9034126080526339146","input":"summary of movie all the money in the world","passages":[{"title":"All the Money in the World","text":"The kidnappers cut off one of Paul 's ears and mail it to a major newspaper , claiming that they will continue mutilating him until the ransom is paid . Berated by an exasperated Chase , Getty finally relents and agrees to pay the full ransom , also voiding the parental agreement with Gail . Gail and Chase take the money to Italy and follow specific instructions from the captors , leaving the money in a remote location and receiving orders to pick up Paul from a construction site . However , a frightened Paul runs away from the site towards the nearest town , miles away . Meanwhile the captors realize that Chase has broken his word and led the police to them ; angry , they decide to find and kill Paul . Chase , Gail , and the captors arrive at the town to look for Paul . One of the kidnappers finds Paul first , but Cinquanta attacks the man in order to allow Paul to escape . Chase and Gail find Paul and smuggle him out of the country to safety .","sentences":["The kidnappers cut off one of Paul 's ears and mail it to a major newspaper , claiming that they will continue mutilating him until the ransom is paid .","Berated by an exasperated Chase , Getty finally relents and agrees to pay the full ransom , also voiding the parental agreement with Gail .","Gail and Chase take the money to Italy and follow specific instructions from the captors , leaving the money in a remote location and receiving orders to pick up Paul from a construction site .","However , a frightened Paul runs away from the site towards the nearest town , miles away .","Meanwhile the captors realize that Chase has broken his word and led the police to them ; angry , they decide to find and kill Paul .","Chase , Gail , and the captors arrive at the town to look for Paul .","One of the kidnappers finds Paul first , but Cinquanta attacks the man in order to allow Paul to escape .","Chase and Gail find Paul and smuggle him out of the country to safety ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6282506558640451453","input":"when did the rocket land on the moon","passages":[{"title":"Moon landing","text":"The GRAIL mission consisted of two small spacecraft : GRAIL A ( Ebb ) , and GRAIL B ( Flow ) . They were launched on 10 September 2011 on board a Delta II rocket . GRAIL A separated from the rocket about nine minutes after launch , and GRAIL B followed about eight minutes later . The first probe entered orbit on 31 December 2011 and the second followed on 1 January 2012 . The two spacecraft impacted the Lunar surface on 17 December 2012 .","sentences":["The GRAIL mission consisted of two small spacecraft :","GRAIL A ( Ebb ) , and GRAIL B ( Flow ) .","They were launched on 10 September 2011 on board a Delta II rocket .","GRAIL A separated from the rocket about nine minutes after launch , and GRAIL B followed about eight minutes later .","The first probe entered orbit on 31 December 2011 and the second followed on 1 January 2012 .","The two spacecraft impacted the Lunar surface on 17 December 2012 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6435764244599760551","input":"what is ecological imperialism and what did it mean for north america","passages":[{"title":"Ecological imperialism","text":"The fur trade also upset the ecological balance of North America . `` Restraint was n't a hallmark of the fur trade . In 1822 , in the north western regions of the country alone , the Hudson 's Bay Company stockpiled 1500 fox skins , a paltry number compared with the 106,000 beaver skins , but too many none the less . The fur traders had miscalculated . As predators , they had failed to adapt to their prey , and their prey , in turn , retaliated with denial . Of course , the red fox did n't render himself extinct . His numbers merely shrank . '' .","sentences":["The fur trade also upset the ecological balance of North America .","`` Restraint was n't a hallmark of the fur trade .","In 1822 , in the north western regions of the country alone , the Hudson 's Bay Company stockpiled 1500 fox skins , a paltry number compared with the 106,000 beaver skins , but too many none the less .","The fur traders had miscalculated .","As predators , they had failed to adapt to their prey , and their prey , in turn , retaliated with denial .","Of course , the red fox did n't render himself extinct .","His numbers merely shrank . '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7729645705898131830","input":"what is the movie the girl next door about","passages":[{"title":"The Girl Next Door (2007 film)","text":"Living next door to the Chandlers , David is aware of the charisma Ruth has , since she freely allows her sons and their neighborhood friends to her house , where she entertains them and offers them beer and cigarettes . Meanwhile , Ruth starves Meg , accuses her of being a whore and subjects her to misogynistic lectures , whilst her children listen . One day , David visits the Chandler residence , where he sees the Chandler sons tickling Meg . Ralphie inappropriately tickles Meg 's breasts , prompting her to fend him off as she runs from the room . His brothers humiliate Susan and when Ralphie brings Ruth to the situation , Ruth reprimands her for forgiving Meg 's actions . Ruth beats Susan 's bare buttocks as the Chandler sons restrain a horrified Meg , who came back to the room to save Susan . Ruth then takes the ring that Meg wears around her neck , which belonged to her mother .","sentences":["Living next door to the Chandlers , David is aware of the charisma Ruth has , since she freely allows her sons and their neighborhood friends to her house , where she entertains them and offers them beer and cigarettes .","Meanwhile , Ruth starves Meg , accuses her of being a whore and subjects her to misogynistic lectures , whilst her children listen .","One day , David visits the Chandler residence , where he sees the Chandler sons tickling Meg .","Ralphie inappropriately tickles Meg 's breasts , prompting her to fend him off as she runs from the room .","His brothers humiliate Susan and when Ralphie brings Ruth to the situation , Ruth reprimands her for forgiving Meg 's actions .","Ruth beats Susan 's bare buttocks as the Chandler sons restrain a horrified Meg , who came back to the room to save Susan .","Ruth then takes the ring that Meg wears around her neck , which belonged to her mother ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5644494462683817611","input":"why is kelso in season 7 episode 11","passages":[{"title":"My Princess","text":"Dr. Cox 's comment of `` My name is Percival Cox . You 're killing my friend . Prepare to die '' , is a reference to the famous line from The Princess Bride : `` Hello . My name is Inigo Montoya . You killed my father . Prepare to die ! ''","sentences":["Dr. Cox 's comment of `` My name is Percival Cox .","You 're killing my friend .","Prepare to die '' , is a reference to the famous line from The Princess Bride : `` Hello .","My name is Inigo Montoya .","You killed my father .","Prepare to die ! ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5472943564301447674","input":"what is the largest bat in north america","passages":[{"title":"Bats of the United States","text":"Canyon bat Parastrellus hesperus Tricolored bat Perimyotis subflavus Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus Evening Bat Nycticeius humeralis Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus Southern Yellow Bat Lasiurus ega Seminole Bat Lasiurus seminolus Allen 's Big - eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum Rafinesque 's Big - eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii Townsend 's Big - eared Bat Corynorhinus townsendii Southwestern Myotis Myotis auriculus Southeastern Myotis Myotis austroriparius California Myotis Myotis californicus Western Small - footed Myotis Myotis ciliolabrum Long - eared Myotis Myotis evotis Gray Myotis Myotis grisescens Keen 's Myotis Myotis keenii Eastern Small - footed Myotis Myotis leibii Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifugus Arizona Myotis Myotis occultus Northern Long - eared Myotis Myotis septentrionalis Indiana Bat Myotis sodalis Fringed Myotis Myotis thysanodes Cave Myotis Myotis velifer Long - legged Myotis Myotis volans Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis Silver - haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans","sentences":["Canyon bat Parastrellus hesperus Tricolored bat Perimyotis subflavus Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus Evening Bat Nycticeius humeralis Western Red Bat Lasiurus blossevillii Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus Southern Yellow Bat Lasiurus ega Seminole Bat Lasiurus seminolus Allen 's Big - eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis","Spotted Bat","Euderma maculatum Rafinesque 's Big - eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii","Townsend 's Big - eared Bat Corynorhinus townsendii Southwestern Myotis Myotis auriculus Southeastern Myotis Myotis austroriparius California Myotis Myotis californicus Western Small - footed Myotis Myotis ciliolabrum Long - eared Myotis Myotis evotis Gray Myotis Myotis grisescens Keen 's Myotis Myotis keenii","Eastern Small - footed Myotis Myotis leibii Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifugus Arizona Myotis Myotis occultus Northern Long - eared Myotis Myotis septentrionalis Indiana Bat Myotis sodalis Fringed Myotis Myotis thysanodes Cave Myotis Myotis velifer Long - legged Myotis Myotis volans","Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis Silver - haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5599364171635846663","input":"what kinds of solutions did the british try to resolve the cholera outbreak","passages":[{"title":"1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak","text":"Snow 's analysis of cholera and cholera outbreaks extended past the closure of the Broad Street pump . He concluded that cholera was transmitted through and affected the alimentary canal within the human body . Cholera did not affect either the circulatory or the nervous system and there was no `` poison in the blood ... in the consecutive fever ... the blood became poisoned from urea getting into the circulation '' . According to Snow , this `` urea '' would entered the blood through kidney failure . ( Acute renal failure is a complication of cholera . )","sentences":["Snow 's analysis of cholera and cholera outbreaks extended past the closure of the Broad Street pump .","He concluded that cholera was transmitted through and affected the alimentary canal within the human body .","Cholera did not affect either the circulatory or the nervous system and there was no `` poison in the blood ... in the consecutive fever ...","the blood became poisoned from urea getting into the circulation '' .","According to Snow , this `` urea '' would entered the blood through kidney failure .","( Acute renal failure is a complication of cholera . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5629505397316644725","input":"disney international collage program at walt disney world","passages":[{"title":"Walt Disney World International Program","text":"Participants in the International College Program -- Summer Work Program ( ICP ) participate in a program similar to the Walt Disney World College Program 's Summer Program . The program coincides with the participants summer vacation \/ holiday from their college or university . This program is reserved for students who are currently enrolled in an accredited college or university and are pursuing a three - or four - year degree . This program lasts between 2 and 3 months . Participants in the International College Program -- J - 1 Academic Exchange ( ICP Academic ) participate in a program which mirrors the Walt Disney World College Program very similarly . Students may spend up to a full year working at the resort while taking coursework through the Disney College Program and distance learning at their U.S. sponsoring university . Alternatively , students may spend five months studying at their U.S. sponsoring universities and seven months working and taking classes at the Walt Disney World Resort . This program is available to current students and recent university graduates . As the student is technically a student of their U.S. sponsoring university , the student may be liable to paying tuition fees and other university related expenses to that university .","sentences":["Participants in the International College Program -- Summer Work Program ( ICP ) participate in a program similar to the Walt Disney World College Program 's Summer Program .","The program coincides with the participants summer vacation \/ holiday from their college or university .","This program is reserved for students who are currently enrolled in an accredited college or university and are pursuing a three - or four - year degree .","This program lasts between 2 and 3 months .","Participants in the International College Program -- J - 1 Academic Exchange ( ICP Academic ) participate in a program which mirrors the Walt Disney World College Program very similarly .","Students may spend up to a full year working at the resort while taking coursework through the Disney College Program and distance learning at their U.S. sponsoring university .","Alternatively , students may spend five months studying at their U.S. sponsoring universities and seven months working and taking classes at the Walt Disney World Resort .","This program is available to current students and recent university graduates .","As the student is technically a student of their U.S. sponsoring university , the student may be liable to paying tuition fees and other university related expenses to that university ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4709591869301436235","input":"what are the career districts in the hunger games","passages":[{"title":"Fictional world of The Hunger Games","text":"Before the Dark Days war , District 13 specialized in nuclear technology , mining graphite , and the development of emerging technologies for use by Panem 's military . It was also the Capitol 's primary military -- industrial complex and weapons manufacturer until the rebellion . During the Dark Days , they were one of the major forces of the rebellion . Near the end of the Dark Days they managed to take control of the nuclear arsenal . District 13 was supposedly bombed and destroyed before the first annual Hunger Games at the end of the Dark Days war , but it was hinted in Catching Fire that they had survived , and in Mockingjay it is confirmed that District 13 had become , literally , an underground district when the population retreated to bunkers . After the Capitol and District 13 agreed to cease hostilities towards one another under the doctrine of mutually assured destruction , the Capitol spread the story that District 13 had been destroyed ; District 13 had control of the primary nuclear weapons stockpile and the Capitol did not want a nuclear war . This underground district maintains concealed livestock and vegetable farms in order to survive after the Capitol destroyed everything above ground , so as not to arouse the suspicion of the other districts . This was a risk that , according to Katniss , the Capitol had underestimated . District 13 is a week away from District 12 on foot .","sentences":["Before the Dark Days war , District 13 specialized in nuclear technology , mining graphite , and the development of emerging technologies for use by Panem 's military .","It was also the Capitol 's primary military -- industrial complex and weapons manufacturer until the rebellion .","During the Dark Days , they were one of the major forces of the rebellion .","Near the end of the Dark Days they managed to take control of the nuclear arsenal .","District 13 was supposedly bombed and destroyed before the first annual Hunger Games at the end of the Dark Days war , but it was hinted in Catching Fire that they had survived , and in Mockingjay it is confirmed that District 13 had become , literally , an underground district when the population retreated to bunkers .","After the Capitol and District 13 agreed to cease hostilities towards one another under the doctrine of mutually assured destruction , the Capitol spread the story that District 13 had been destroyed ; District 13 had control of the primary nuclear weapons stockpile and the Capitol did not want a nuclear war .","This underground district maintains concealed livestock and vegetable farms in order to survive after the Capitol destroyed everything above ground , so as not to arouse the suspicion of the other districts .","This was a risk that , according to Katniss , the Capitol had underestimated .","District 13 is a week away from District 12 on foot ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8635434045507965607","input":"10 symbols of strength and country of origin","passages":[{"title":"National symbols of the Philippines","text":"Republic Act 8491 , known also as Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines , stipulates the code for national flag , anthem , motto , coat - of - arms and other heraldic items and devices of the Philippines . According to Article XIV Section 6 of the Constitution of the Philippines , the national language of the Philippines is Filipino . Apart from RA 8491 and the Constitution , the Philippines has only five official national symbols enacted either through a proclamation by the executive department or through a Republic Act by the legislative department , namely sampaguita , narra , the Philippine eagle , the Philippine pearl and arnis . In 1934 , during the Commonwealth era , Governor - General Frank Murphy declared sampaguita and narra as national flower and national tree , respectively , through Proclamation No. 652 . Philippine President Fidel Ramos proclaimed the Philippine eagle as the national bird in 1995 through Proclamation No. 615 . Ramos also declared the South Sea Pearl or Philippine Pearl as the national gem in 1996 through Proclamation No. 905 . In 2009 , President Gloria Macapagal - Arroyo declared arnis as the national sport and martial art through Republic Act 9850 .","sentences":["Republic Act 8491 , known also as Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines , stipulates the code for national flag , anthem , motto , coat - of - arms and other heraldic items and devices of the Philippines .","According to Article XIV Section 6 of the Constitution of the Philippines , the national language of the Philippines is Filipino .","Apart from RA 8491 and the Constitution , the Philippines has only five official national symbols enacted either through a proclamation by the executive department or through a Republic Act by the legislative department , namely sampaguita , narra , the Philippine eagle , the Philippine pearl and arnis .","In 1934 , during the Commonwealth era , Governor - General Frank Murphy declared sampaguita and narra as national flower and national tree , respectively , through Proclamation No. 652 .","Philippine President Fidel Ramos proclaimed the Philippine eagle as the national bird in 1995 through Proclamation No. 615 .","Ramos also declared the South Sea Pearl or Philippine Pearl as the national gem in 1996 through Proclamation No. 905 .","In 2009 , President Gloria Macapagal - Arroyo declared arnis as the national sport and martial art through Republic Act 9850 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5810914737298734895","input":"where did they shoot the mountain between us","passages":[{"title":"The Mountain Between Us (film)","text":"When Ben tells Alex he is going outside to get more wood for the fire , the culmination of all of their experiences together finally overcomes them . No longer able to resist each other , they have sex . As Ben sleeps afterwards , Alex takes his picture . Deciding that they still wo n't make it , Alex again asks Ben to leave her behind to find help and return . Ben initially agrees but has regrets about leaving her behind just for a moment . He returns once more and they begin to press forward again . As they make their way down , Alex begins to tire quickly . However , Ben still refuses to leave her behind . They fall asleep in the woods . Eventually , they find a timber yard on the mountain and they make their way to it . Ben gets his leg caught in a bear trap . Alex keeps going and she 's rescued by a truck driver , who goes back and rescues Ben .","sentences":["When Ben tells Alex he is going outside to get more wood for the fire , the culmination of all of their experiences together finally overcomes them .","No longer able to resist each other , they have sex .","As Ben sleeps afterwards , Alex takes his picture .","Deciding that they still wo n't make it , Alex again asks Ben to leave her behind to find help and return .","Ben initially agrees but has regrets about leaving her behind just for a moment .","He returns once more and they begin to press forward again .","As they make their way down , Alex begins to tire quickly .","However , Ben still refuses to leave her behind .","They fall asleep in the woods .","Eventually , they find a timber yard on the mountain and they make their way to it .","Ben gets his leg caught in a bear trap .","Alex keeps going and she 's rescued by a truck driver , who goes back and rescues Ben ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-55101692681247224","input":"where is chromatin found and what 2 things is it made of","passages":[{"title":"Chromatin","text":"\u03b3H2AX , the phosphorylated form of H2AX is also involved in the early steps leading to chromatin decondensation after DNA damage occurrence . The histone variant H2AX constitutes about 10 % of the H2A histones in human chromatin . \u03b3H2AX ( H2AX phosphorylated on serine 139 ) can be detected as soon as 20 seconds after irradiation of cells ( with DNA double - strand break formation ) , and half maximum accumulation of \u03b3H2AX occurs in one minute . The extent of chromatin with phosphorylated \u03b3H2AX is about two million base pairs at the site of a DNA double - strand break . \u03b3H2AX does not , itself , cause chromatin decondensation , but within 30 seconds of irradiation , RNF8 protein can be detected in association with \u03b3H2AX . RNF8 mediates extensive chromatin decondensation , through its subsequent interaction with CHD4 , a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex NuRD .","sentences":["\u03b3H2AX , the phosphorylated form of H2AX is also involved in the early steps leading to chromatin decondensation after DNA damage occurrence .","The histone variant H2AX constitutes about 10 % of the H2A histones in human chromatin .","\u03b3H2AX ( H2AX phosphorylated on serine 139 ) can be detected as soon as 20 seconds after irradiation of cells ( with DNA double - strand break formation ) , and half maximum accumulation of \u03b3H2AX occurs in one minute .","The extent of chromatin with phosphorylated \u03b3H2AX is about two million base pairs at the site of a DNA double - strand break .","\u03b3H2AX does not , itself , cause chromatin decondensation , but within 30 seconds of irradiation , RNF8 protein can be detected in association with \u03b3H2AX .","RNF8 mediates extensive chromatin decondensation , through its subsequent interaction with CHD4 , a component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex NuRD ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6536227200403555989","input":"who persuades justice to get back into the vehicle on their road trip","passages":[{"title":"Poetic Justice (film)","text":"Due to the film 's casting of two major music stars of the time , there was a lot of hype surrounding the release of the movie . Many were excited to see how the dynamic between Janet Jackson and Tupac Shakur would manifest itself in the film both visually and musically . On the soundtrack , each artist was given a single song . Tupac 's `` Definition of a Thug Nigga '' is an example of braggadocios , violent rap music . The song conflates lyrics of degrading women with aggressive threats and discussions of firearms . Conversely , Janet Jackson 's `` Again '' details the story of a woman returning to the man she loved after he betrayed her . The song is a returning victim narrative without any explicit mentions of physical and emotional abuse ( just general wrongdoing ) .","sentences":["Due to the film 's casting of two major music stars of the time , there was a lot of hype surrounding the release of the movie .","Many were excited to see how the dynamic between Janet Jackson and Tupac Shakur would manifest itself in the film both visually and musically .","On the soundtrack , each artist was given a single song .","Tupac 's `` Definition of a Thug Nigga '' is an example of braggadocios , violent rap music .","The song conflates lyrics of degrading women with aggressive threats and discussions of firearms .","Conversely , Janet Jackson 's `` Again '' details the story of a woman returning to the man she loved after he betrayed her .","The song is a returning victim narrative without any explicit mentions of physical and emotional abuse ( just general wrongdoing ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6732977556638119774","input":"can't take my eyes off of you best cover","passages":[{"title":"Can't Take My Eyes Off You","text":"`` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' Cover of the 1967 US single Single by Frankie Valli from the album Frankie Valli : Solo B - side `` The Trouble With Me '' Released May 1967 ( 1967 - 05 ) Format 7 '' Recorded April 1967 Genre Pop Length 2 : 58 Label Philips Songwriter ( s ) Bob Crewe Bob Gaudio Producer ( s ) Bob Crewe Frankie Valli singles chronology `` The Proud One '' ( 1966 ) `` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' ( 1967 ) `` I Make a Fool of Myself '' ( 1967 ) `` The Proud One '' ( 1966 ) `` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' ( 1967 ) `` I Make a Fool of Myself '' ( 1967 )","sentences":["`` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You ''","Cover of the 1967 US single Single by Frankie Valli from the album Frankie Valli : Solo B - side `` The Trouble With Me '' Released May 1967 ( 1967 - 05 )","Format 7 '' Recorded April 1967","Genre Pop Length 2 : 58 Label Philips Songwriter ( s )","Bob Crewe Bob Gaudio Producer ( s ) Bob Crewe Frankie Valli singles chronology `` The Proud One '' ( 1966 ) `` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' ( 1967 )","`` I Make a Fool of Myself '' ( 1967 )","`` The Proud One '' ( 1966 ) `` Ca n't Take My Eyes Off You '' ( 1967 ) `` I Make a Fool of Myself '' ( 1967 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5772382724655741576","input":"when does grey's anatomy season 13 come on now tv","passages":[{"title":"Grey's Anatomy (season 13)","text":"On the day before Alex 's trial , Bailey , Arizona and Jo drive with medical equipment including an advanced ultrasound machine to a maximum security women 's prison hospital to treat a violent teenage inmate and her unborn baby . Jo bonds with the inmate , who says that she had good times with her mother in the past and that her mother will be taking care of the baby for her until she is released . However , her mother is downstairs and tells the doctors that her actual plan is to adopt the baby . The doctors wrestle with whether to tell the inmate about this news , given her violent tendencies . When the inmate goes into labor she demands to see her mother . Jo finally says that she is downstairs but refuses to come up , and the doctors help the inmate through the delivery . Later Arizona scornfully tells her mother that the delivery was a success , and asks whether she will abandon this baby too if she turns out bad . Meanwhile , Bailey learns about the realities of patient care in a prison environment . On the way back home , Bailey tells Jo that Alex plans to take the plea deal and will be going to jail , which makes her throw up .","sentences":["On the day before Alex 's trial , Bailey , Arizona and Jo drive with medical equipment including an advanced ultrasound machine to a maximum security women 's prison hospital to treat a violent teenage inmate and her unborn baby .","Jo bonds with the inmate , who says that she had good times with her mother in the past and that her mother will be taking care of the baby for her until she is released .","However , her mother is downstairs and tells the doctors that her actual plan is to adopt the baby .","The doctors wrestle with whether to tell the inmate about this news , given her violent tendencies .","When the inmate goes into labor she demands to see her mother .","Jo finally says that she is downstairs but refuses to come up , and the doctors help the inmate through the delivery .","Later Arizona scornfully tells her mother that the delivery was a success , and asks whether she will abandon this baby too if she turns out bad .","Meanwhile , Bailey learns about the realities of patient care in a prison environment .","On the way back home , Bailey tells Jo that Alex plans to take the plea deal and will be going to jail , which makes her throw up ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6527613691925251535","input":"what is the lysosomes role in maintaining homeostasis in the cell","passages":[{"title":"Autophagy","text":"Alternatively , autophagy has also been shown to play a huge role in tumor cell survival . In cancerous cells , autophagy is used as a way to deal with stress on the cell . Once these autophagy related genes were inhibited , cell death was potentiated . The increase in metabolic energy is offset by autophagy functions . These metabolic stresses include hypoxia , nutrient deprivation , and an increase in proliferation . These stresses activate autophagy in order to recycle ATP and maintain survival of the cancerous cells . Autophagy has been shown to enable continued growth of tumor cells by maintaining cellular energy production . By inhibiting autophagy genes in these tumors cells , regression of the tumor and extended survival of the organs affected by the tumors were found . Furthermore , inhibition of autophagy has also been shown to enhance the effectiveness of anticancer therapies .","sentences":["Alternatively , autophagy has also been shown to play a huge role in tumor cell survival .","In cancerous cells , autophagy is used as a way to deal with stress on the cell .","Once these autophagy related genes were inhibited , cell death was potentiated .","The increase in metabolic energy is offset by autophagy functions .","These metabolic stresses include hypoxia , nutrient deprivation , and an increase in proliferation .","These stresses activate autophagy in order to recycle ATP and maintain survival of the cancerous cells .","Autophagy has been shown to enable continued growth of tumor cells by maintaining cellular energy production .","By inhibiting autophagy genes in these tumors cells , regression of the tumor and extended survival of the organs affected by the tumors were found .","Furthermore , inhibition of autophagy has also been shown to enhance the effectiveness of anticancer therapies ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1153681715443920067","input":"how to cite game of thrones tv show","passages":[{"title":"Game of Thrones","text":"The music for the series was composed by Ramin Djawadi . The first season 's soundtrack , written in about ten weeks before the show 's premiere , was published by Var\u00e8se Sarabande in June 2011 . Soundtrack albums for subsequent seasons have been released , with tracks by the National , the Hold Steady and Sigur R\u00f3s . Djawadi has composed themes for each of the major houses and also for some of the main characters . The themes may evolve over time , as Daenerys Targaryen 's theme started small and then became more powerful after each season . Her theme started first with a single instrument , a cello , and Djawadi later incorporated more instruments for it .","sentences":["The music for the series was composed by Ramin Djawadi .","The first season 's soundtrack , written in about ten weeks before the show 's premiere , was published by Var\u00e8se Sarabande in June 2011 .","Soundtrack albums for subsequent seasons have been released , with tracks by the National , the Hold Steady and Sigur R\u00f3s .","Djawadi has composed themes for each of the major houses and also for some of the main characters .","The themes may evolve over time , as Daenerys Targaryen 's theme started small and then became more powerful after each season .","Her theme started first with a single instrument , a cello , and Djawadi later incorporated more instruments for it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7312817558511051413","input":"how much does agriculture contribute to nz economy","passages":[{"title":"Economy of New Zealand","text":"Taxation in New Zealand is collected at a national level by the Inland Revenue Department ( IRD ) on behalf of the Government of New Zealand . National taxes are levied on personal and business income , and on the supply of goods and services ( GST ) . There is no capital gains tax although certain `` gains '' such as profits on the sale of patent rights are deemed to be income , income tax does apply to property transactions in certain circumstances , particularly speculation . Local property taxes ( rates ) are managed and collected by local authorities . Some goods and services carry a specific tax , referred to as an excise or a duty such as alcohol excise or gaming duty . These are collected by a range of government agencies such as the New Zealand Customs Service . There is no social security ( payroll ) tax or land tax in New Zealand .","sentences":["Taxation in New Zealand is collected at a national level by the Inland Revenue Department ( IRD ) on behalf of the Government of New Zealand .","National taxes are levied on personal and business income , and on the supply of goods and services ( GST ) .","There is no capital gains tax although certain `` gains '' such as profits on the sale of patent rights are deemed to be income , income tax does apply to property transactions in certain circumstances , particularly speculation .","Local property taxes ( rates ) are managed and collected by local authorities .","Some goods and services carry a specific tax , referred to as an excise or a duty such as alcohol excise or gaming duty .","These are collected by a range of government agencies such as the New Zealand Customs Service .","There is no social security ( payroll ) tax or land tax in New Zealand ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3826343377776662689","input":"where is the seat of intelligence located in the brain","passages":[{"title":"Human brain","text":"Brain activity is made possible by the interconnections of neurons that are linked together to reach their targets . A neuron consists of a cell body , axon , and dendrites . Dendrites are often extensive branches that receive information in the form of signals from the axon terminals of other neurons . The signals received may cause the neuron to initiate an action potential ( an electrochemical signal or nerve impulse ) which is sent along its axon to the axon terminal , to connect with the dendrites or with the cell body of another neuron . An action potential is initiated at the initial segment of an axon , which contains a complex of proteins . When an action potential , reaches the axon terminal it triggers the release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse that propagates a signal that acts on the target cell . These chemical neurotransmitters include dopamine , serotonin , GABA , glutamate , and acetylcholine . GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain , and glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter . Neurons link at synapses to form pathways and elaborate neural networks , and the activity between them is driven by the process of neurotransmission .","sentences":["Brain activity is made possible by the interconnections of neurons that are linked together to reach their targets .","A neuron consists of a cell body , axon , and dendrites .","Dendrites are often extensive branches that receive information in the form of signals from the axon terminals of other neurons .","The signals received may cause the neuron to initiate an action potential ( an electrochemical signal or nerve impulse ) which is sent along its axon to the axon terminal , to connect with the dendrites or with the cell body of another neuron .","An action potential is initiated at the initial segment of an axon , which contains a complex of proteins .","When an action potential , reaches the axon terminal it triggers the release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse that propagates a signal that acts on the target cell .","These chemical neurotransmitters include dopamine , serotonin , GABA , glutamate , and acetylcholine .","GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain , and glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter .","Neurons link at synapses to form pathways and elaborate neural networks , and the activity between them is driven by the process of neurotransmission ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1418546437593886657","input":"which kind of tissue transmits signals across a synapse","passages":[{"title":"Neurotransmitter","text":"Neurotransmitter systems in the brain System Pathway origin and projections Regulated cognitive processes and behaviors Noradrenaline system Noradrenergic pathways : Locus coeruleus ( LC ) projections LC \u2192 Amygdala and Hippocampus LC \u2192 Brain stem and Spinal cord LC \u2192 Cerebellum LC \u2192 Cerebral cortex LC \u2192 Hypothalamus LC \u2192 Tectum LC \u2192 Thalamus LC \u2192 Ventral tegmental area Lateral tegmental field ( LTF ) projections LTF \u2192 Brain stem and Spinal cord LTF \u2192 Olfactory bulb anxiety arousal ( wakefulness ) circadian rhythm cognitive control and working memory ( co-regulated by dopamine ) feeding and energy homeostasis medullary control of respiration negative emotional memory nociception ( perception of pain ) reward ( minor role ) Dopamine system Dopaminergic pathways : Ventral tegmental area ( VTA ) projections VTA \u2192 Amygdala VTA \u2192 Cingulate cortex VTA \u2192 Hippocampus VTA \u2192 Ventral striatum ( Mesolimbic pathway ) VTA \u2192 Olfactory bulb VTA \u2192 Prefrontal cortex ( Mesocortical pathway ) Nigrostriatal pathway Substantia nigra pars compacta \u2192 Dorsal striatum Tuberoinfundibular pathway Arcuate nucleus \u2192 Median eminence arousal ( wakefulness ) aversion cognitive control and working memory ( co-regulated by norepinephrine ) emotion and mood motivation ( motivational salience ) motor function positive reinforcement reward ( primary mediator ) sexual arousal , orgasm , and refractory period ( via neuroendocrine regulation ) Histamine system Histaminergic pathways : Tuberomammillary nucleus ( TMN ) projections TMN \u2192 Cerebral cortex TMN \u2192 Hippocampus TMN \u2192 Neostriatum TMN \u2192 Nucleus accumbens TMN \u2192 Amygdala TMN \u2192 Hypothalamus arousal ( wakefulness ) feeding and energy homeostasis learning memory Serotonin system Serotonergic pathways : Caudal nuclei ( CN ) : Raphe magnus , raphe pallidus , and raphe obscurus Caudal projections CN \u2192 Cerebral cortex CN \u2192 Thalamus CN \u2192 Caudate - putamen and nucleus accumbens CN \u2192 Substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area Rostral nuclei ( RN ) : Nucleus linearis , dorsal raphe , medial raphe , and raphe pontis Rostral projections RN \u2192 Amygdala RN \u2192 Cingulate cortex RN \u2192 Hippocampus RN \u2192 Hypothalamus RN \u2192 Neocortex RN \u2192 Septum RN \u2192 Thalamus RN \u2192 Ventral tegmental area arousal ( wakefulness ) body temperature regulation emotion and mood , potentially including aggression feeding and energy homeostasis reward ( minor role ) sensory perception Acetylcholine system Cholinergic pathways : Forebrain cholinergic nuclei ( FCN ) : Nucleus basalis of Meynert , medial septal nucleus , and diagonal band Forebrain nuclei projections FCN \u2192 Hippocampus FCN \u2192 Cerebral cortex FCN \u2192 Limbic cortex and sensory cortex Brainstem cholinergic nuclei ( BCN ) : Pedunculopontine nucleus , laterodorsal tegmentum , medial habenula , and parabigeminal nucleus Brainstem nuclei projections BCN \u2192 Ventral tegmental area BCN \u2192 Thalamus arousal ( wakefulness ) emotion and mood learning motor function motivation ( motivational salience ) short - term memory reward ( minor role )","sentences":["Neurotransmitter systems in the brain System Pathway origin and projections Regulated cognitive processes and behaviors Noradrenaline system Noradrenergic pathways : Locus coeruleus ( LC ) projections LC \u2192 Amygdala and Hippocampus LC \u2192 Brain stem and Spinal cord LC \u2192 Cerebellum LC \u2192 Cerebral cortex LC \u2192 Hypothalamus LC \u2192 Tectum LC \u2192 Thalamus LC \u2192 Ventral tegmental area Lateral tegmental field ( LTF ) projections LTF \u2192 Brain stem and Spinal cord LTF \u2192 Olfactory bulb anxiety arousal ( wakefulness ) circadian rhythm cognitive control and working memory ( co-regulated by dopamine ) feeding and energy homeostasis medullary control of respiration negative emotional memory nociception ( perception of pain ) reward ( minor role )","Dopamine system Dopaminergic pathways : Ventral tegmental area ( VTA ) projections VTA \u2192 Amygdala VTA \u2192 Cingulate cortex VTA \u2192 Hippocampus VTA \u2192 Ventral striatum ( Mesolimbic pathway )","VTA \u2192 Olfactory bulb VTA \u2192 Prefrontal cortex ( Mesocortical pathway )","Nigrostriatal pathway Substantia nigra pars compacta \u2192 Dorsal striatum Tuberoinfundibular pathway","Arcuate nucleus \u2192 Median eminence arousal ( wakefulness ) aversion cognitive control and working memory ( co-regulated by norepinephrine ) emotion and mood motivation ( motivational salience ) motor function positive reinforcement reward ( primary mediator ) sexual arousal , orgasm , and refractory period ( via neuroendocrine regulation ) Histamine system Histaminergic pathways : Tuberomammillary nucleus ( TMN ) projections TMN \u2192 Cerebral cortex TMN \u2192 Hippocampus TMN \u2192 Neostriatum TMN \u2192 Nucleus accumbens TMN \u2192 Amygdala TMN \u2192 Hypothalamus arousal ( wakefulness ) feeding and energy homeostasis learning memory Serotonin system Serotonergic pathways : Caudal nuclei ( CN ) : Raphe magnus , raphe pallidus , and raphe obscurus Caudal projections CN \u2192 Cerebral cortex CN \u2192 Thalamus CN \u2192 Caudate - putamen and nucleus accumbens CN \u2192 Substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area Rostral nuclei ( RN ) :","Nucleus linearis , dorsal raphe , medial raphe , and raphe pontis Rostral projections RN \u2192 Amygdala RN \u2192 Cingulate cortex RN \u2192 Hippocampus RN \u2192 Hypothalamus RN \u2192 Neocortex RN \u2192 Septum RN \u2192 Thalamus RN \u2192 Ventral tegmental area arousal ( wakefulness ) body temperature regulation emotion and mood , potentially including aggression feeding and energy homeostasis reward ( minor role ) sensory perception Acetylcholine system Cholinergic pathways :","Forebrain cholinergic nuclei ( FCN ) :","Nucleus basalis of Meynert , medial septal nucleus , and diagonal band","Forebrain nuclei projections FCN \u2192 Hippocampus FCN \u2192 Cerebral cortex FCN \u2192 Limbic cortex and sensory cortex Brainstem cholinergic nuclei ( BCN ) :","Pedunculopontine nucleus , laterodorsal tegmentum , medial habenula , and parabigeminal nucleus Brainstem nuclei projections BCN \u2192 Ventral tegmental area BCN","\u2192 Thalamus arousal ( wakefulness ) emotion and mood learning motor function motivation ( motivational salience ) short - term memory reward ( minor role )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2118686647852881811","input":"who won the battle of monitor vs. merrimack","passages":[{"title":"Battle of Hampton Roads","text":"Determined to complete the destruction of Minnesota , Catesby ap Roger Jones , acting as captain in Buchanan 's absence , returned the ship to the fray the next morning , March 9 . During the night , however , the ironclad Monitor had arrived and had taken a position to defend Minnesota . When Virginia approached , Monitor intercepted her . The two ironclads fought for about three hours , with neither being able to inflict significant damage on the other . The duel ended indecisively , Virginia returning to her home at the Gosport Navy Yard for repairs and strengthening , and Monitor to her station defending Minnesota . The ships did not fight again , and the blockade remained in place .","sentences":["Determined to complete the destruction of Minnesota , Catesby ap Roger Jones , acting as captain in Buchanan 's absence , returned the ship to the fray the next morning , March 9 .","During the night , however , the ironclad Monitor had arrived and had taken a position to defend Minnesota .","When Virginia approached , Monitor intercepted her .","The two ironclads fought for about three hours , with neither being able to inflict significant damage on the other .","The duel ended indecisively , Virginia returning to her home at the Gosport Navy Yard for repairs and strengthening , and Monitor to her station defending Minnesota .","The ships did not fight again , and the blockade remained in place ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5724746495184932895","input":"who wrote the first draft of the us constitution","passages":[{"title":"History of the United States Constitution","text":"On July 2 , the Convention for the fourth time considered a `` senate '' with equal state votes . This time a vote was taken , but it stalled again , tied at 5 yes , 5 no , 1 divided . The Convention elected one delegate out of the delegation of each state onto a Committee to make a proposal ; it reported July 5 . Nothing changed over five days . July 10 , Lansing and Yates ( NY ) quit the Convention in protest over the big state majorities repeatedly overrunning the small state delegations in vote after vote . No direct vote on the basis of ' senate ' representation was pushed on the floor for another week .","sentences":["On July 2 , the Convention for the fourth time considered a `` senate '' with equal state votes .","This time a vote was taken , but it stalled again , tied at 5 yes , 5 no , 1 divided .","The Convention elected one delegate out of the delegation of each state onto a Committee to make a proposal ; it reported July 5 .","Nothing changed over five days .","July 10 , Lansing and Yates ( NY ) quit the Convention in protest over the big state majorities repeatedly overrunning the small state delegations in vote after vote .","No direct vote on the basis of ' senate ' representation was pushed on the floor for another week ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3345769774167881149","input":"introduce special concern problem of adolescence in sudan","passages":[{"title":"Adolescence","text":"Facial hair in males normally appears in a specific order during puberty : The first facial hair to appear tends to grow at the corners of the upper lip , typically between 14 and 17 years of age . It then spreads to form a moustache over the entire upper lip . This is followed by the appearance of hair on the upper part of the cheeks , and the area under the lower lip . The hair eventually spreads to the sides and lower border of the chin , and the rest of the lower face to form a full beard . As with most human biological processes , this specific order may vary among some individuals . Facial hair is often present in late adolescence , around ages 17 and 18 , but may not appear until significantly later . Some men do not develop full facial hair for 10 years after puberty . Facial hair continues to get coarser , darker and thicker for another 2 -- 4 years after puberty .","sentences":["Facial hair in males normally appears in a specific order during puberty : The first facial hair to appear tends to grow at the corners of the upper lip , typically between 14 and 17 years of age .","It then spreads to form a moustache over the entire upper lip .","This is followed by the appearance of hair on the upper part of the cheeks , and the area under the lower lip .","The hair eventually spreads to the sides and lower border of the chin , and the rest of the lower face to form a full beard .","As with most human biological processes , this specific order may vary among some individuals .","Facial hair is often present in late adolescence , around ages 17 and 18 , but may not appear until significantly later .","Some men do not develop full facial hair for 10 years after puberty .","Facial hair continues to get coarser , darker and thicker for another 2 -- 4 years after puberty ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6323137713840225213","input":"when was the last time google street view was updated","passages":[{"title":"Google Street View","text":"Cameras : Street View imagery has come from several generations of camera systems from Immersive Media ( 1 ) , Point Grey Research ( now FLIR Systems ) ( 2 ) and developed in - house . The cameras contain no mechanical parts , including the shutter , instead using CMOS sensors and an electronic rolling shutter . Widely deployed versions are : R2 : the earliest after Immersive Media , photos were captured with a ring of eight 11 - megapixel CCD sensors with commercial photographic wide - angle lenses , cameras with the same specs as those used for the Google Books project . Ladybug2 cameras ( resolution 1024 x 768 pixels ) by Point Grey Research . R5 : uses a ring of eight 5 - megapixel CMOS cameras by Elphel with custom low - flare lenses , plus a camera with fisheye lens on top to capture upper levels of buildings . R7 : is the first completely in - house built camera , it uses 15 of the same sensors and lenses as R5 , but no fish - eye . 2017 : uses 8 20MP cameras . Includes two facing left and right to read street signs and business names .","sentences":["Cameras : Street View imagery has come from several generations of camera systems from Immersive Media ( 1 ) , Point Grey Research ( now FLIR Systems ) ( 2 ) and developed in - house .","The cameras contain no mechanical parts , including the shutter , instead using CMOS sensors and an electronic rolling shutter .","Widely deployed versions are : R2 : the earliest after Immersive Media , photos were captured with a ring of eight 11 - megapixel CCD sensors with commercial photographic wide - angle lenses , cameras with the same specs as those used for the Google Books project .","Ladybug2 cameras ( resolution 1024 x 768 pixels ) by Point Grey Research .","R5 : uses a ring of eight 5 - megapixel CMOS cameras by Elphel with custom low - flare lenses , plus a camera with fisheye lens on top to capture upper levels of buildings .","R7 : is the first completely in - house built camera , it uses 15 of the same sensors and lenses as R5 , but no fish - eye .","2017 : uses 8 20MP cameras .","Includes two facing left and right to read street signs and business names ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4317141888301803537","input":"what is the purpose of high level and low level formatting","passages":[{"title":"Disk storage","text":"The information is sent from the computer processor to the BIOS into a chip controlling the data transfer . This is then sent out to the hard drive via a multi-wire connector . Once the data is received onto the circuit board of the drive , they are translated and compressed into a format that the individual drive can use to store onto the disk itself . The data is then passed to a chip on the circuit board that controls the access to the drive . The drive is divided into sectors of data stored onto one of the sides of one of the internal disks . An HDD with two disks internally will typically store data on all four surfaces .","sentences":["The information is sent from the computer processor to the BIOS into a chip controlling the data transfer .","This is then sent out to the hard drive via a multi-wire connector .","Once the data is received onto the circuit board of the drive , they are translated and compressed into a format that the individual drive can use to store onto the disk itself .","The data is then passed to a chip on the circuit board that controls the access to the drive .","The drive is divided into sectors of data stored onto one of the sides of one of the internal disks .","An HDD with two disks internally will typically store data on all four surfaces ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3990297286124314912","input":"who beat the bills in the super bowl","passages":[{"title":"History of the Buffalo Bills","text":"Titans defensive coordinator Gregg Williams took over as head coach for the 2001 season , which proved to be the worst in recent memory for the Bills . Rob Johnson went down in mid-season with an injury and Alex Van Pelt took over . Buffalo finished 3 -- 13 . The Bills even lost a much - hyped mid-season match up with `` Bills West '' ( the Flutie - led Chargers ) . After the season , they traded for quarterback Drew Bledsoe , deemed expendable by the Patriots after Tom Brady led them to a Super Bowl victory . 2002","sentences":["Titans defensive coordinator Gregg Williams took over as head coach for the 2001 season , which proved to be the worst in recent memory for the Bills .","Rob Johnson went down in mid-season with an injury and Alex Van Pelt took over .","Buffalo finished 3 -- 13 .","The Bills even lost a much - hyped mid-season match up with `` Bills West '' ( the Flutie - led Chargers ) .","After the season , they traded for quarterback Drew Bledsoe , deemed expendable by the Patriots after Tom Brady led them to a Super Bowl victory .","2002"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9076264285630678520","input":"when did we get off the gold standard","passages":[{"title":"Gold standard","text":"Higher interest rates intensified the deflationary pressure on the dollar and reduced investment in U.S. banks . Commercial banks converted Federal Reserve Notes to gold in 1931 , reducing its gold reserves and forcing a corresponding reduction in the amount of currency in circulation . This speculative attack created a panic in the U.S. banking system . Fearing imminent devaluation many depositors withdrew funds from U.S. banks . As bank runs grew , a reverse multiplier effect caused a contraction in the money supply . Additionally the New York Fed had loaned over $150 million in gold ( over 240 tons ) to European Central Banks . This transfer contracted the US money supply . The foreign loans became questionable once Britain , Germany , Austria and other European countries went off the gold standard in 1931 and weakened confidence in the dollar .","sentences":["Higher interest rates intensified the deflationary pressure on the dollar and reduced investment in U.S. banks .","Commercial banks converted Federal Reserve Notes to gold in 1931 , reducing its gold reserves and forcing a corresponding reduction in the amount of currency in circulation .","This speculative attack created a panic in the U.S. banking system .","Fearing imminent devaluation many depositors withdrew funds from U.S. banks .","As bank runs grew , a reverse multiplier effect caused a contraction in the money supply .","Additionally the New York Fed had loaned over $150 million in gold ( over 240 tons ) to European Central Banks .","This transfer contracted the US money supply .","The foreign loans became questionable once Britain , Germany , Austria and other European countries went off the gold standard in 1931 and weakened confidence in the dollar ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5337347688670322542","input":"i'm signing for the champions league winner","passages":[{"title":"Eden Hazard","text":"On 21 February 2013 , Hazard came on as a substitute against Sparta Prague and scored an individual goal in stoppage time , to send Chelsea through to the last 16 on a 2 -- 1 aggregate score . Again Hazard came off the bench to make an impact for Chelsea , scoring a goal and providing an assist to Ramires , as the Blues came back from 2 -- 0 down to salvage a 2 -- 2 draw against Manchester United in the quarter - finals of the FA Cup on 10 March , setting up a replay at Stamford Bridge . On 17 March 2013 , Hazard put in a Man of the Match performance at Stamford Bridge in a 2 -- 0 victory over West Ham United , assisting on Frank Lampard 's 200th Chelsea goal , then scoring a solo goal . On 11 May 2013 , at Villa Park , Hazard was the provider of Lampard 's brace against Aston Villa , which enabled Lampard to break Bobby Tambling 's all - time goal scoring record for Chelsea . Hazard ended his debut campaign at Chelsea with 13 goals in all competitions . 2013","sentences":["On 21 February 2013 , Hazard came on as a substitute against Sparta Prague and scored an individual goal in stoppage time , to send Chelsea through to the last 16 on a 2 -- 1 aggregate score .","Again Hazard came off the bench to make an impact for Chelsea , scoring a goal and providing an assist to Ramires , as the Blues came back from 2 -- 0 down to salvage a 2 -- 2 draw against Manchester United in the quarter - finals of the FA Cup on 10 March , setting up a replay at Stamford Bridge .","On 17 March 2013 , Hazard put in a Man of the Match performance at Stamford Bridge in a 2 -- 0 victory over West Ham United , assisting on Frank Lampard 's 200th Chelsea goal , then scoring a solo goal .","On 11 May 2013 , at Villa Park , Hazard was the provider of Lampard 's brace against Aston Villa , which enabled Lampard to break Bobby Tambling 's all - time goal scoring record for Chelsea .","Hazard ended his debut campaign at Chelsea with 13 goals in all competitions .","2013"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3339446107545102039","input":"where is matt rogers from home and family","passages":[{"title":"Matthew Rogers","text":"Rogers was the host for the Discovery Channel shows Really Big Things in 2007 , and There Goes the Neighborhood in 2009 . As of August 2012 , he hosts Beat the Chefs on Game Show Network . Rogers is best known for hosting `` Coming Home , '' a reality docu - series on Lifetime which followed the surprise reunions of military members and their loved ones , as they returned home from active duty . Matt put his songwriting experience into play by writing and performing the theme song for `` Coming Home '' titled `` I 'm Coming Home , '' which has since served as a voice for the experience of military families around the country . He also stars in a series of commercials for Bosley Hair Restoration. ( 3 )","sentences":["Rogers was the host for the Discovery Channel shows Really Big Things in 2007 , and There Goes the Neighborhood in 2009 .","As of August 2012 , he hosts Beat the Chefs on Game Show Network .","Rogers is best known for hosting `` Coming Home , '' a reality docu - series on Lifetime which followed the surprise reunions of military members and their loved ones , as they returned home from active duty .","Matt put his songwriting experience into play by writing and performing the theme song for `` Coming Home '' titled `` I 'm Coming Home , '' which has since served as a voice for the experience of military families around the country .","He also stars in a series of commercials for Bosley Hair Restoration.","( 3 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"192181973195421893","input":"how many episodes are in the good witch season 3","passages":[{"title":"List of Good Witch episodes","text":"Ashley , a troubled young woman , shows up at Grey House looking for a place to stay . Next door , after Nick 's trouble at school , Sam attempts to discipline him without pushing him away . After being caught between them , Grace tries to avoid Nick , but soon finds herself a pawn in another one of his lies now involving her best friend Anthony . Using intuition and some of Cassie 's advice , Grace plans to expose Nick 's lie to Sam , who must finally improve his family 's relationship . Meanwhile , Middleton prepares for the annual Heritage Festival , including a 10K race and grand ball , and bistro owner Stephanie hopes to spark a romantic connection and a date to the dance with Sam . Then , as a suspicious Brandon is eager to investigate Ashley 's background , one of Cassie 's coincidences draws Ashley and Derek together . A stranger then comes to Cassie claiming to know Ashley and reveals a long - kept secret . Cassie is caught in Ashley 's lies and Middleton 's new mystery .","sentences":["Ashley , a troubled young woman , shows up at Grey House looking for a place to stay .","Next door , after Nick 's trouble at school , Sam attempts to discipline him without pushing him away .","After being caught between them , Grace tries to avoid Nick , but soon finds herself a pawn in another one of his lies now involving her best friend Anthony .","Using intuition and some of Cassie 's advice , Grace plans to expose Nick 's lie to Sam , who must finally improve his family 's relationship .","Meanwhile , Middleton prepares for the annual Heritage Festival , including a 10K race and grand ball , and bistro owner Stephanie hopes to spark a romantic connection and a date to the dance with Sam .","Then , as a suspicious Brandon is eager to investigate Ashley 's background , one of Cassie 's coincidences draws Ashley and Derek together .","A stranger then comes to Cassie claiming to know Ashley and reveals a long - kept secret .","Cassie is caught in Ashley 's lies and Middleton 's new mystery ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3515330616063335635","input":"who are all the transformers in the last knight","passages":[{"title":"Transformers: The Last Knight","text":"As Cybertron anchors itself to Earth , Megatron , Nitro Zeus , and Barricade deliver the staff to Quintessa , who begins draining the life force of Earth from Unicron . Burton and the British military intervene , and Megatron shoots Burton , who dies with Cogman at his side . The Autobots arrive to join the fight with the TRF , Cade , Viviane , Izabella , and Sqweeks , landing on Cybertron and battling against Megatron and Quintessa 's minions , the Infernocons . Vanquishing their foes with help from the Knights as Dragonstorm , the Autobots reach the chamber where the staff and Quintessa are . Optimus defeats Megatron by kicking him through the Ignition Chamber 's wall , sending him flying to Earth , while Bumblebee kills Nitro Zeus . Together , Optimus and Bumblebee seemingly kill Quintessa . Viviane removes the staff , stopping Cybertron 's destruction of Earth but leaving both worlds connected . Optimus declares that humans and Transformers must now work together to rebuild their worlds and sends a message calling any surviving Autobots to come home .","sentences":["As Cybertron anchors itself to Earth , Megatron , Nitro Zeus , and Barricade deliver the staff to Quintessa , who begins draining the life force of Earth from Unicron .","Burton and the British military intervene , and Megatron shoots Burton , who dies with Cogman at his side .","The Autobots arrive to join the fight with the TRF , Cade , Viviane , Izabella , and Sqweeks , landing on Cybertron and battling against Megatron and Quintessa 's minions , the Infernocons .","Vanquishing their foes with help from the Knights as Dragonstorm , the Autobots reach the chamber where the staff and Quintessa are .","Optimus defeats Megatron by kicking him through the Ignition Chamber 's wall , sending him flying to Earth , while Bumblebee kills Nitro Zeus .","Together , Optimus and Bumblebee seemingly kill Quintessa .","Viviane removes the staff , stopping Cybertron 's destruction of Earth but leaving both worlds connected .","Optimus declares that humans and Transformers must now work together to rebuild their worlds and sends a message calling any surviving Autobots to come home ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7198659651132774529","input":"what does the texas bill of rights guarantee","passages":[{"title":"First Amendment to the United States Constitution","text":"The Supreme Court 's ruling in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan ( 1964 ) fundamentally changed American defamation law . The case redefined the type of `` malice '' needed to sustain a libel case . Common law malice consisted of `` ill - will '' or `` wickedness '' . Now , a public officials seeking to sustain a civil action against a tortfeasor needed to prove by `` clear and convincing evidence '' that there was actual malice . The case involved an advertisement published in The New York Times indicating that officials in Montgomery , Alabama had acted violently in suppressing the protests of African - Americans during the civil rights movement . The Montgomery Police Commissioner , L.B. Sullivan , sued the Times for libel , stating that the advertisement damaged his reputation . The Supreme Court unanimously reversed the $500,000 judgment against the Times . Justice Brennan suggested that public officials may sue for libel only if the publisher published the statements in question with `` actual malice '' -- `` knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not . '' In sum , the court held that `` the First Amendment protects the publication of all statements , even false ones , about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with actual malice ( with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity ) . ''","sentences":["The Supreme Court 's ruling in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan ( 1964 ) fundamentally changed American defamation law .","The case redefined the type of `` malice '' needed to sustain a libel case .","Common law malice consisted of `` ill - will '' or `` wickedness '' .","Now , a public officials seeking to sustain a civil action against a tortfeasor needed to prove by `` clear and convincing evidence '' that there was actual malice .","The case involved an advertisement published in The New York Times indicating that officials in Montgomery , Alabama had acted violently in suppressing the protests of African - Americans during the civil rights movement .","The Montgomery Police Commissioner , L.B. Sullivan , sued the Times for libel , stating that the advertisement damaged his reputation .","The Supreme Court unanimously reversed the $500,000 judgment against the Times .","Justice Brennan suggested that public officials may sue for libel only if the publisher published the statements in question with `` actual malice '' -- `` knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not . ''","In sum , the court held that `` the First Amendment protects the publication of all statements , even false ones , about the conduct of public officials except when statements are made with actual malice ( with knowledge that they are false or in reckless disregard of their truth or falsity ) . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8753761823859680236","input":"who went to new mexico in the mid 19th century","passages":[{"title":"History of New Mexico","text":"On January 19 , 1847 rebels attacked and killed acting Governor Bent and about ten other American officials . The wives of Bent and Kit Carson , however , managed to escape . Reacting quickly , a U.S. detachment under Colonel Sterling Price marched on Taos and attacked . The rebels retreated to a thick - walled adobe church . U.S. forces breached a wall and directed concentrated cannon fire into the church . About 150 of the rebels were killed , and 400 captured , following close fighting . During one trial , six rebels were arraigned and tried , of whom five were convicted of murder and one of treason . All six were hanged in April , 1847 . A young traveler and later author , Lewis Hector Garrard , wrote the only eye witness account of this trial and hanging . He criticized , `` It certainly did appear to be a great assumption on the part of the Americans to conquer a country , and then arraign the revolting inhabitants for treason ... Treason , indeed ! What did the poor devil know about his new allegiance ? But so it was ; and , as the jail was overstocked with others awaiting trial , it was deemed expedient to hasten the execution ... I left the room , sick at heart . Justice ! out upon the word , when its distorted meaning is the warrant for murdering those who defend to the last their country and their homes . '' Additional executions followed to total at least 28 .","sentences":["On January 19 , 1847 rebels attacked and killed acting Governor Bent and about ten other American officials .","The wives of Bent and Kit Carson , however , managed to escape .","Reacting quickly , a U.S. detachment under Colonel Sterling Price marched on Taos and attacked .","The rebels retreated to a thick - walled adobe church .","U.S. forces breached a wall and directed concentrated cannon fire into the church .","About 150 of the rebels were killed , and 400 captured , following close fighting .","During one trial , six rebels were arraigned and tried , of whom five were convicted of murder and one of treason .","All six were hanged in April , 1847 .","A young traveler and later author , Lewis Hector Garrard , wrote the only eye witness account of this trial and hanging .","He criticized , `` It certainly did appear to be a great assumption on the part of the Americans to conquer a country , and then arraign the revolting inhabitants for treason ...","Treason , indeed !","What did the poor devil know about his new allegiance ?","But so it was ; and , as the jail was overstocked with others awaiting trial , it was deemed expedient to hasten the execution ...","I left the room , sick at heart .","Justice !","out upon the word , when its distorted meaning is the warrant for murdering those who defend to the last their country and their homes . ''","Additional executions followed to total at least 28 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3655293866295968999","input":"who played percy in the movie corrina corrina","passages":[{"title":"Corrina, Corrina (film)","text":"A terrified Molly begs Corrina to let her stay home from school and she secretly agrees . Corrina spends more time with them , and she and Manny slowly discover they are more compatible with each other than anyone else . He confides in her about Annie and she talks about her long gone former husband . They share a love of music and she even assists him on his new jingle . After a successful advertising campaign , he comes home with flowers for Molly as well as Corrina . Their private celebration is interrupted by a visit from Jenny , which Corrina takes as a cue that she is not meant to stay .","sentences":["A terrified Molly begs Corrina to let her stay home from school and she secretly agrees .","Corrina spends more time with them , and she and Manny slowly discover they are more compatible with each other than anyone else .","He confides in her about Annie and she talks about her long gone former husband .","They share a love of music and she even assists him on his new jingle .","After a successful advertising campaign , he comes home with flowers for Molly as well as Corrina .","Their private celebration is interrupted by a visit from Jenny , which Corrina takes as a cue that she is not meant to stay ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6611227696931895233","input":"what does appeasement mean and how does it relate to ww2","passages":[{"title":"Appeasement","text":"Czechoslovakia did not concern most people until the middle of September 1938 , when they began to object to a small democratic state being bullied . Nevertheless , the initial response of the British public to the Munich agreement was generally favorable . As Chamberlain left for Munich in 1938 , the whole House of Commons cheered him noisily . On 30 September , on his return to Britain , Chamberlain delivered his famous `` peace for our time '' speech to delighted crowds . He was invited by the Royal family onto the balcony at Buckingham Palace before he had reported to Parliament . The agreement was supported by most of the press , only Reynold 's News and the Daily Worker dissenting . In parliament the Labour Party opposed the agreement . Some Conservatives abstained in the vote . However , the only MP to advocate war was the Conservative Duff Cooper , who had resigned from the government in protest against the agreement . Role","sentences":["Czechoslovakia did not concern most people until the middle of September 1938 , when they began to object to a small democratic state being bullied .","Nevertheless , the initial response of the British public to the Munich agreement was generally favorable .","As Chamberlain left for Munich in 1938 , the whole House of Commons cheered him noisily .","On 30 September , on his return to Britain , Chamberlain delivered his famous `` peace for our time '' speech to delighted crowds .","He was invited by the Royal family onto the balcony at Buckingham Palace before he had reported to Parliament .","The agreement was supported by most of the press , only Reynold 's News and the Daily Worker dissenting .","In parliament the Labour Party opposed the agreement .","Some Conservatives abstained in the vote .","However , the only MP to advocate war was the Conservative Duff Cooper , who had resigned from the government in protest against the agreement .","Role"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5493705646429193389","input":"when is the new episode of lucifer airing","passages":[{"title":"List of Lucifer episodes","text":"Chloe gets a case that hits close to home , when she learns the man convicted of killing Officer John Decker , her father , is being released from prison under supervision to attend his granddaughter 's Christening . When the prisoner and his driver \/ guard subsequently end up murdered , Chloe and Dan reinvestigate and learn that the wrong man was in prison . During the case , Lucifer , still disgusted with himself , tries to look and act like Dan to feel more useful . Elsewhere , Dr. Martin says she has to drop Maze as a friend upon learning that she is a demon . Maze , meanwhile , is searching for a profession to fulfill her existence on earth . When she helps Chloe and the team find Deputy Warden Perry Smith , the man who ordered the killing of John Decker , Maze decides she will be a bounty hunter .","sentences":["Chloe gets a case that hits close to home , when she learns the man convicted of killing Officer John Decker , her father , is being released from prison under supervision to attend his granddaughter 's Christening .","When the prisoner and his driver \/ guard subsequently end up murdered , Chloe and Dan reinvestigate and learn that the wrong man was in prison .","During the case , Lucifer , still disgusted with himself , tries to look and act like Dan to feel more useful .","Elsewhere , Dr. Martin says she has to drop Maze as a friend upon learning that she is a demon .","Maze , meanwhile , is searching for a profession to fulfill her existence on earth .","When she helps Chloe and the team find Deputy Warden Perry Smith , the man who ordered the killing of John Decker , Maze decides she will be a bounty hunter ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8696960371370596549","input":"where did rick and morty name come from","passages":[{"title":"Rick and Morty","text":"In 2014 , Rick and Morty 's Rushed Licensed Adventure , a Flash point - and - click adventure game , was released on the Adult Swim website . In December 2014 , Rick and Morty : Jerry 's Game was released for iOS and Android . The game consists of the player popping balloons and air filled condoms endlessly . Characters show up from time to time . The number of balloons popped is counted and used as currency for unlocking special balloons , backdrops , and features . The game is based on a game Jerry was seen playing in an episode . The game includes micro-transactions . On August 10 , 2015 , a Rick and Morty - themed announcer pack was released for the competitive multiplayer video game Dota 2 . The announcer pack can be purchased by players and replaces the Default announcer and Mega-Kills announcer with characters from Rick and Morty , voiced by Justin Roiland . Pocket Mortys is a Pok\u00e9mon parody game set in the `` Rick and Morty Rickstaverse '' , released on iOS and Android as a free - to - play game from Adult Swim Games , released early on January 13 , 2016 . Coinciding with the many - worlds interpretation , the game follows versions of Rick and Morty that belong to an alternate timeline , rather than the duo followed in the show . The game uses a style and concept similar to the Pok\u00e9mon games , with catching various `` wild '' Mortys , battling them with a variety of Aliens , Ricks , and Jerrys . The game features voice acting from Roiland and Harmon . Rick and Morty : Virtual Rick - ality , announced on July 15 , 2016 , and released on April 20 , 2017 , for Microsoft Windows and on April 10 , 2018 , for PlayStation 4 , is a VR game for HTC Vive VR and Oculus Rift developed by Owlchemy Labs , the developers of Job Simulator .","sentences":["In 2014 , Rick and Morty 's Rushed Licensed Adventure , a Flash point - and - click adventure game , was released on the Adult Swim website .","In December 2014 , Rick and Morty :","Jerry 's Game was released for iOS and Android .","The game consists of the player popping balloons and air filled condoms endlessly .","Characters show up from time to time .","The number of balloons popped is counted and used as currency for unlocking special balloons , backdrops , and features .","The game is based on a game Jerry was seen playing in an episode .","The game includes micro-transactions .","On August 10 , 2015 , a Rick and Morty - themed announcer pack was released for the competitive multiplayer video game Dota 2 .","The announcer pack can be purchased by players and replaces the Default announcer and Mega-Kills announcer with characters from Rick and Morty , voiced by Justin Roiland .","Pocket Mortys is a Pok\u00e9mon parody game set in the `` Rick and Morty Rickstaverse '' , released on iOS and Android as a free - to - play game from Adult Swim Games , released early on January 13 , 2016 .","Coinciding with the many - worlds interpretation , the game follows versions of Rick and Morty that belong to an alternate timeline , rather than the duo followed in the show .","The game uses a style and concept similar to the Pok\u00e9mon games , with catching various `` wild '' Mortys , battling them with a variety of Aliens , Ricks , and Jerrys .","The game features voice acting from Roiland and Harmon .","Rick and Morty : Virtual Rick - ality , announced on July 15 , 2016 , and released on April 20 , 2017 , for Microsoft Windows and on April 10 , 2018 , for PlayStation 4 , is a VR game for HTC Vive VR and Oculus Rift developed by Owlchemy Labs , the developers of Job Simulator ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3285827353062167894","input":"what type of thinking do standardized tests in schools measure","passages":[{"title":"Standardized test","text":"One of the main advantages of standardized testing is that the results can be empirically documented ; therefore , the test scores can be shown to have a relative degree of validity and reliability , as well as results which are generalizable and replicable . This is often contrasted with grades on a school transcript , which are assigned by individual teachers . It may be difficult to account for differences in educational culture across schools , difficulty of a given teacher 's curriculum , differences in teaching style , and techniques and biases that affect grading . This makes standardized tests useful for admissions purposes in higher education , where a school is trying to compare students from across the nation or across the world . Examples of such international benchmark tests include the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMMS ) and the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study ( PIRLS ) . Performance on these exams have been speculated to change based on the way standards like the Common Core State Standards ( CCSS ) line up with top countries across the world .","sentences":["One of the main advantages of standardized testing is that the results can be empirically documented ; therefore , the test scores can be shown to have a relative degree of validity and reliability , as well as results which are generalizable and replicable .","This is often contrasted with grades on a school transcript , which are assigned by individual teachers .","It may be difficult to account for differences in educational culture across schools , difficulty of a given teacher 's curriculum , differences in teaching style , and techniques and biases that affect grading .","This makes standardized tests useful for admissions purposes in higher education , where a school is trying to compare students from across the nation or across the world .","Examples of such international benchmark tests include the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMMS ) and the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study ( PIRLS ) .","Performance on these exams have been speculated to change based on the way standards like the Common Core State Standards ( CCSS ) line up with top countries across the world ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8617175600992401747","input":"what is meant by australia having a federal system of government","passages":[{"title":"Government of Australia","text":"The federal nature of the Commonwealth and the structure of the Parliament of Australia were the subject of protracted negotiations among the colonies during the drafting of the Constitution . The House of Representatives is elected on a basis that reflects the differing populations of the States . Thus New South Wales has 48 members while Tasmania has only five . But the Senate is elected on a basis of equality among the States : all States elect 12 Senators , regardless of population . This was intended to allow the Senators of the smaller States to form a majority and thus be able to amend or reject bills originating in the House of Representatives . The ACT and the NT each elect two Senators .","sentences":["The federal nature of the Commonwealth and the structure of the Parliament of Australia were the subject of protracted negotiations among the colonies during the drafting of the Constitution .","The House of Representatives is elected on a basis that reflects the differing populations of the States .","Thus New South Wales has 48 members while Tasmania has only five .","But the Senate is elected on a basis of equality among the States : all States elect 12 Senators , regardless of population .","This was intended to allow the Senators of the smaller States to form a majority and thus be able to amend or reject bills originating in the House of Representatives .","The ACT and the NT each elect two Senators ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8622180759348422270","input":"how many first ballot hall of famers nba","passages":[{"title":"List of players in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame","text":"Henry `` Dutch '' Dehnert , Nat Holman , and Joe Lapchick were members of the Original Celtics . William `` Pop '' Gates and John Isaacs were members of the New York Renaissance . The induction category of another former player for the team , Nathaniel `` Sweetwater '' Clifton , is subject to dispute ; he was originally announced as a contributor , but is now listed with player inductees by the Hall . Marques Haynes and Reece `` Goose '' Tatum were two of the most famous players of the Harlem Globetrotters . Three other players who made their greatest contributions with other teams -- Wilt Chamberlain , Connie Hawkins , and Lynette Woodard -- were members of the Globetrotters at some point in their professional careers . Furthermore , longtime member Meadowlark Lemon has been inducted as a contributor , and the aforementioned Clifton , who briefly played for the team , is ( depending on definitions ) a member as either a player or contributor . Walt Bellamy , Jerry Lucas , Oscar Robertson , and Jerry West were members of the 1960 United States Olympic Team . Charles Barkley , Larry Bird , Clyde Drexler , Patrick Ewing , Magic Johnson , Michael Jordan , Karl Malone , Chris Mullin , Scottie Pippen , David Robinson , and John Stockton were members of the 1992 United States Olympic Team , better known as the `` Dream Team '' . In fact , all but one of the players on the `` Dream Team '' roster ( Christian Laettner ) have been inducted in the Hall of Fame as individuals .","sentences":["Henry `` Dutch '' Dehnert , Nat Holman , and Joe Lapchick were members of the Original Celtics .","William `` Pop '' Gates and John Isaacs were members of the New York Renaissance .","The induction category of another former player for the team , Nathaniel `` Sweetwater '' Clifton , is subject to dispute ; he was originally announced as a contributor , but is now listed with player inductees by the Hall .","Marques Haynes and Reece `` Goose '' Tatum were two of the most famous players of the Harlem Globetrotters .","Three other players who made their greatest contributions with other teams -- Wilt Chamberlain , Connie Hawkins , and Lynette Woodard -- were members of the Globetrotters at some point in their professional careers .","Furthermore , longtime member Meadowlark Lemon has been inducted as a contributor , and the aforementioned Clifton , who briefly played for the team , is ( depending on definitions ) a member as either a player or contributor .","Walt Bellamy , Jerry Lucas , Oscar Robertson , and Jerry West were members of the 1960 United States Olympic Team .","Charles Barkley , Larry Bird , Clyde Drexler , Patrick Ewing , Magic Johnson , Michael Jordan , Karl Malone , Chris Mullin , Scottie Pippen , David Robinson , and John Stockton were members of the 1992 United States Olympic Team , better known as the `` Dream Team '' .","In fact , all but one of the players on the `` Dream Team '' roster ( Christian Laettner ) have been inducted in the Hall of Fame as individuals ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8139557872935198666","input":"when did warsaw became the capital of poland","passages":[{"title":"Warsaw","text":"Warsaw 's name in the Polish language is Warszawa ( also formerly spelled Warszewa and Warszowa ) . Other previous spellings of the name may have included Worszewa and Werszewa . According to some sources , the origin of the name is unknown . In Pre-Slavic toponomastic layer of Northern Mazovia : corrections and addenda ( the Narew drainage ) , it is stated that the toponymy of northern Mazovia tends to have unclear etymology ( p. 30 ) . Originally , Warszawa was the name of a fishing village . According to one theory Warszawa means `` belonging to Warsz '' , Warsz being a shortened form of the masculine name of Slavic origin Warcis\u0142aw ; see also etymology of Wroc\u0142aw . However the ending - awa is unusual for a big city ; the names of Polish cities derived from personal names usually ending in - \u00f3w \/ owo \/ ew \/ ewo ( e.g. Piotrk\u00f3w , Adam\u00f3w ) while the - av - in the early name of Wroc\u0142aw is part of a personal name . Folk etymology attributes the city name to a fisherman , Wars , and his wife , Sawa . According to legend , Sawa was a mermaid living in the Vistula River with whom Wars fell in love . In actuality , Warsz was a 12th \/ 13th - century nobleman who owned a village located at the modern - day site of the Mariensztat neighbourhood . See also the Vr\u0161ovci family which had escaped to Poland . The official city name in full is miasto sto\u0142eczne Warszawa ( `` The Capital City of Warsaw '' ) . A native or resident of Warsaw is known as a Varsovian -- in Polish warszawiak , warszawianin ( male ) , warszawianka ( female ) , warszawiacy , and warszawianie ( plural ) .","sentences":["Warsaw 's name in the Polish language is Warszawa ( also formerly spelled Warszewa and Warszowa ) .","Other previous spellings of the name may have included Worszewa and Werszewa .","According to some sources , the origin of the name is unknown .","In Pre-Slavic toponomastic layer of Northern Mazovia : corrections and addenda ( the Narew drainage ) , it is stated that the toponymy of northern Mazovia tends to have unclear etymology ( p. 30 ) .","Originally , Warszawa was the name of a fishing village .","According to one theory Warszawa means `` belonging to Warsz '' , Warsz being a shortened form of the masculine name of Slavic origin Warcis\u0142aw ; see also etymology of Wroc\u0142aw .","However the ending - awa is unusual for a big city ; the names of Polish cities derived from personal names usually ending in - \u00f3w \/ owo \/ ew \/ ewo ( e.g. Piotrk\u00f3w , Adam\u00f3w ) while the - av - in the early name of Wroc\u0142aw is part of a personal name .","Folk etymology attributes the city name to a fisherman , Wars , and his wife , Sawa .","According to legend , Sawa was a mermaid living in the Vistula River with whom Wars fell in love .","In actuality , Warsz was a 12th \/ 13th - century nobleman who owned a village located at the modern - day site of the Mariensztat neighbourhood .","See also the Vr\u0161ovci family which had escaped to Poland .","The official city name in full is miasto sto\u0142eczne Warszawa","( `` The Capital City of Warsaw '' ) .","A native or resident of Warsaw is known as a Varsovian -- in Polish warszawiak , warszawianin ( male ) , warszawianka ( female ) , warszawiacy , and warszawianie ( plural ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5447330242414821460","input":"what is the name of the jolly swagman in waltzing matilda","passages":[{"title":"Waltzing Matilda","text":"Matilda is an old Teutonic female name meaning `` mighty battle maid '' . This may have informed the use of `` Matilda '' as a slang term to mean a de facto wife who accompanied a wanderer . In the Australian bush a man 's swag was regarded as a sleeping partner , hence his `` Matilda '' . ( Letter to Rt . Hon . Sir Winston Churchill , KG from Harry Hastings Pearce , 19 February 1958 . Harry Pearce Papers , NLA Manuscript Collection , MS2765 )","sentences":["Matilda is an old Teutonic female name meaning `` mighty battle maid '' .","This may have informed the use of `` Matilda '' as a slang term to mean a de facto wife who accompanied a wanderer .","In the Australian bush a man 's swag was regarded as a sleeping partner , hence his `` Matilda '' .","( Letter to Rt .","Hon .","Sir Winston Churchill , KG from Harry Hastings Pearce , 19 February 1958 .","Harry Pearce Papers , NLA Manuscript Collection , MS2765 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2515159568056225846","input":"what was one effect of the latin american revolutions of the 19th century","passages":[{"title":"Latin American wars of independence","text":"Independence in Mexico was a protracted struggle from 1808 until the fall of royal government in 1821 and the establishment of independent Mexico . In the Viceroyalty of New Spain , as elsewhere in Spanish America in 1808 , reacted to the unexpected French invasion of the Iberian peninsula and the ouster of the Bourbon king , replaced by Joseph Bonaparte . Local American - born Spaniards saw the opportunity to seize local control from Viceroy Jos\u00e9 de Iturrigaray , who may well have been sympathetic to creoles aspirations . Iturrigaray was ousted by pro-royalists . A few creole elites sought independence , including Juan Aldama , and Ignacio Allende , but especially secular parish priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla . Hidalgo made a proclamation in his home parish of Dolores , which was not recorded in writing at the time , but denounced bad government and gachupines ( pejorative for peninsular - born Spaniards ) , and declared independence . The unorganized hordes following Hidalgo wrought destruction on property and the lives of whites in the region of the Baj\u00edo . Hidalgo was caught , defrocked , and executed in 1811 , along with Allende . Their heads remained on display until 1821 . His former student Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Morelos continued the rebellion and was himself caught and killed in 1815 .","sentences":["Independence in Mexico was a protracted struggle from 1808 until the fall of royal government in 1821 and the establishment of independent Mexico .","In the Viceroyalty of New Spain , as elsewhere in Spanish America in 1808 , reacted to the unexpected French invasion of the Iberian peninsula and the ouster of the Bourbon king , replaced by Joseph Bonaparte .","Local American - born Spaniards saw the opportunity to seize local control from Viceroy Jos\u00e9 de Iturrigaray , who may well have been sympathetic to creoles aspirations .","Iturrigaray was ousted by pro-royalists .","A few creole elites sought independence , including Juan Aldama , and Ignacio Allende , but especially secular parish priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla .","Hidalgo made a proclamation in his home parish of Dolores , which was not recorded in writing at the time , but denounced bad government and gachupines ( pejorative for peninsular - born Spaniards ) , and declared independence .","The unorganized hordes following Hidalgo wrought destruction on property and the lives of whites in the region of the Baj\u00edo .","Hidalgo was caught , defrocked , and executed in 1811 , along with Allende .","Their heads remained on display until 1821 .","His former student Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Morelos continued the rebellion and was himself caught and killed in 1815 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3855976162482724993","input":"what is the southern most tip of africa","passages":[{"title":"Cape Agulhas","text":"( hide ) Climate data for Cape Agulhas Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 28.9 ( 84 ) 36.1 ( 97 ) 35.0 ( 95 ) 35.6 ( 96.1 ) 33.9 ( 93 ) 30.0 ( 86 ) 29.4 ( 84.9 ) 31.7 ( 89.1 ) 32.2 ( 90 ) 26.1 ( 79 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 36.1 ( 97 ) Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 23.3 ( 73.9 ) 23.3 ( 73.9 ) 22.2 ( 72 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 18.9 ( 66 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 18.9 ( 66 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 22.2 ( 72 ) 19.8 ( 67.6 ) Daily mean \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 20.3 ( 68.5 ) 20.3 ( 68.5 ) 19.2 ( 66.6 ) 17.5 ( 63.5 ) 15.8 ( 60.4 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 13.1 ( 55.6 ) 13.9 ( 57 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 15.8 ( 60.4 ) 17.8 ( 64 ) 19.2 ( 66.6 ) 16.8 ( 62.2 ) Average low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 14.4 ( 57.9 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 11.1 ( 52 ) 10.0 ( 50 ) 10.6 ( 51.1 ) 11.1 ( 52 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 15.0 ( 59 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 13.7 ( 56.7 ) Record low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 8.3 ( 46.9 ) 8.9 ( 48 ) 9.4 ( 48.9 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 5.6 ( 42.1 ) 3.9 ( 39 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 3.9 ( 39 ) Average rainfall mm ( inches ) 20.3 ( 0.799 ) 17.8 ( 0.701 ) 33.0 ( 1.299 ) 38.1 ( 1.5 ) 50.8 ( 2 ) 58.4 ( 2.299 ) 53.3 ( 2.098 ) 48.3 ( 1.902 ) 40.6 ( 1.598 ) 38.1 ( 1.5 ) 27.9 ( 1.098 ) 17.8 ( 0.701 ) 444.4 ( 17.496 ) Average rainy days 36 Average relative humidity ( % ) 77 79 83 84 81 80 80 82 81 79 79 77 80 Source # 1 : Sistema de Clasificaci\u00f3n Bioclim\u00e1tica Mundial Source # 2 : Weatherbase","sentences":["( hide ) Climate data for Cape Agulhas Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 28.9","( 84 ) 36.1 ( 97 ) 35.0 ( 95 ) 35.6 ( 96.1 ) 33.9","( 93 ) 30.0 ( 86 ) 29.4","( 84.9 ) 31.7","( 89.1 ) 32.2","( 90 ) 26.1 ( 79 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 30.6","( 87.1 ) 36.1 ( 97 )","Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 23.3 ( 73.9 ) 23.3","( 73.9 ) 22.2 ( 72 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 18.9","( 66 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 17.2","( 63 ) 18.9 ( 66 ) 20.6 ( 69.1 ) 22.2","( 72 ) 19.8 ( 67.6 )","Daily mean \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 20.3 ( 68.5 )","20.3 ( 68.5 ) 19.2 ( 66.6 ) 17.5 ( 63.5 ) 15.8","( 60.4 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 13.1 ( 55.6 )","13.9 ( 57 ) 14.2 ( 57.6 ) 15.8","( 60.4 ) 17.8 ( 64 ) 19.2 ( 66.6 ) 16.8 ( 62.2 )","Average low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 14.4 ( 57.9 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 11.1","( 52 ) 10.0 ( 50 ) 10.6 ( 51.1 ) 11.1","( 52 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 15.0 ( 59 ) 16.1 ( 61 ) 13.7 ( 56.7 )","Record low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 8.3 ( 46.9 ) 8.9 ( 48 ) 9.4 ( 48.9 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 5.6 ( 42.1 ) 3.9 ( 39 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 4.4 ( 39.9 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 5.0 ( 41 ) 3.9 ( 39 )","Average rainfall mm ( inches ) 20.3 ( 0.799 ) 17.8 ( 0.701 ) 33.0 ( 1.299 )","38.1 ( 1.5 ) 50.8 ( 2 ) 58.4 ( 2.299 ) 53.3","( 2.098 ) 48.3 ( 1.902 ) 40.6 ( 1.598 ) 38.1","( 1.5 ) 27.9 ( 1.098 ) 17.8 ( 0.701 ) 444.4 ( 17.496 )","Average rainy days 36 Average relative humidity ( % ) 77 79 83 84 81 80 80 82 81 79 79 77 80 Source # 1 : Sistema de Clasificaci\u00f3n Bioclim\u00e1tica Mundial Source # 2 : Weatherbase"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5634822368220459777","input":"what is the job of the members of parliament in the bahamas","passages":[{"title":"Parliament of the Bahamas","text":"A bill is formally introduced into Parliament at the first reading ; this stage is generally a formality , with the bill 's long title being read out and the presiding officer placing the motion without debate . After the first reading , the Speaker orders the bill to be printed ; it is then numbered , circulated to members of Parliament , and made available to the public . At the second reading , the principle of the bill is debated . At the committal stage , the entire House of Assembly sits as a Committee of the Whole House , with the Speaker leaving the chair and the Deputy Speaker presiding as Chairperson . During this stage the bill is examined clause by clause , with detailed amendments considered . After the bill has been dealt with in Committee , the Chairperson formally reports to the Speaker the outcome of the Committee 's deliberations , including what amendments have been made . The third reading is the final stage ; the motion made by the Speaker for the third reading is usually agreed to without debate . Once a bill has had its third reading , the Speaker orders the bill passed , and instructs the Chief Clerk to take the bill to the Senate for its consideration .","sentences":["A bill is formally introduced into Parliament at the first reading ; this stage is generally a formality , with the bill 's long title being read out and the presiding officer placing the motion without debate .","After the first reading , the Speaker orders the bill to be printed ; it is then numbered , circulated to members of Parliament , and made available to the public .","At the second reading , the principle of the bill is debated .","At the committal stage , the entire House of Assembly sits as a Committee of the Whole House , with the Speaker leaving the chair and the Deputy Speaker presiding as Chairperson .","During this stage the bill is examined clause by clause , with detailed amendments considered .","After the bill has been dealt with in Committee , the Chairperson formally reports to the Speaker the outcome of the Committee 's deliberations , including what amendments have been made .","The third reading is the final stage ; the motion made by the Speaker for the third reading is usually agreed to without debate .","Once a bill has had its third reading , the Speaker orders the bill passed , and instructs the Chief Clerk to take the bill to the Senate for its consideration ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6448181735220271169","input":"where is the st john eye hospital and when was it founded","passages":[{"title":"Saint John Eye Hospital Group","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject . It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia 's content policies , particularly neutral point of view . Please discuss further on the talk page . ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement . Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view . ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject .","It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia 's content policies , particularly neutral point of view .","Please discuss further on the talk page .","( August 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article contains content that is written like an advertisement .","Please help improve it by removing promotional content and inappropriate external links , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view .","( August 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( August 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3550921899235960714","input":"where are the cast of cagney and lacey now","passages":[{"title":"Cagney & Lacey","text":"Ratings , however , were still low during the first year Daly and Gless co-starred on the series . Cagney & Lacey was canceled by CBS a second time in May 1983 , but after almost a year of decreased buzz about the show , an ever - larger public outcry exploded upon the series 's axing . Fans of the show , organized by Rosenzweig , staged a letter - writing campaign . At the same time , CBS switched its time slot for what was to have been its final three months on the air during summer reruns . This relocation resulted in the ratings suddenly rising . The viewer protest , coupled with the post-cancellation improvement in the Nielsens and the Emmy nomination that year ( which Tyne Daly won in September ) , resulted in success for the public . That fall , CBS announced the return of Cagney & Lacey as a mid-season entry . The network would have wanted to return it sooner , but not long after the second cancelation came to pass , the sets at Orion had already been destroyed , and the cast had been let out of their contracts . One cast member , Tony La Torre , had already joined another series , the ABC sitcom 9 to 5 . When nearly all of the Cagney & Lacey cast received new contracts in late 1983 , La Torre returned as well after 9 to 5 was canceled by ABC just weeks into the 1983 -- 84 season . Cagney & Lacey went back into production in January 1984 and returned to air on March 19 of that year .","sentences":["Ratings , however , were still low during the first year Daly and Gless co-starred on the series .","Cagney & Lacey was canceled by CBS a second time in May 1983 , but after almost a year of decreased buzz about the show , an ever - larger public outcry exploded upon the series 's axing .","Fans of the show , organized by Rosenzweig , staged a letter - writing campaign .","At the same time , CBS switched its time slot for what was to have been its final three months on the air during summer reruns .","This relocation resulted in the ratings suddenly rising .","The viewer protest , coupled with the post-cancellation improvement in the Nielsens and the Emmy nomination that year ( which Tyne Daly won in September ) , resulted in success for the public .","That fall , CBS announced the return of Cagney & Lacey as a mid-season entry .","The network would have wanted to return it sooner , but not long after the second cancelation came to pass , the sets at Orion had already been destroyed , and the cast had been let out of their contracts .","One cast member , Tony La Torre , had already joined another series , the ABC sitcom 9 to 5 .","When nearly all of the Cagney & Lacey cast received new contracts in late 1983 , La Torre returned as well after 9 to 5 was canceled by ABC just weeks into the 1983 -- 84 season .","Cagney & Lacey went back into production in January 1984 and returned to air on March 19 of that year ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4989447295368665521","input":"when does the last season of american horror story come on netflix","passages":[{"title":"American Horror Story","text":"American Horror Story has won 59 of its 230 award nominations . The franchise has garnered 28 Primetime Emmy Award nominations , with Jessica Lange winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie and for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie , James Cromwell winning for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , and Kathy Bates winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie . It received an additional 50 Creative Arts Emmy Award nominations , winning eleven times , including Outstanding Hairstyling for a Miniseries or a Movie , Outstanding Costumes for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , and Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup for a Series , Limited Series , Movie or a Special . It has received nine Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lange winning for Best Supporting Actress in a Series , Miniseries or Television Film , and Lady Gaga winning for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film . The series has also received three Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , with Lange winning for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series . Additional accolades include eighteen Critics ' Choice Television Awards nominations , with four wins , the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding TV Miniseries , four Costume Designers Guild Awards nominations , winning three times , eight wins out of ten nominations at the Make - Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild , five People 's Choice Awards nominations , winning once , and eleven Satellite Awards nomination , with three wins .","sentences":["American Horror Story has won 59 of its 230 award nominations .","The franchise has garnered 28 Primetime Emmy Award nominations , with Jessica Lange winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie and for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie , James Cromwell winning for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , and Kathy Bates winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie .","It received an additional 50 Creative Arts Emmy Award nominations , winning eleven times , including Outstanding Hairstyling for a Miniseries or a Movie , Outstanding Costumes for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , and Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup for a Series , Limited Series , Movie or a Special .","It has received nine Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lange winning for Best Supporting Actress in a Series , Miniseries or Television Film , and Lady Gaga winning for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film .","The series has also received three Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , with Lange winning for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series .","Additional accolades include eighteen Critics ' Choice Television Awards nominations , with four wins , the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding TV Miniseries , four Costume Designers Guild Awards nominations , winning three times , eight wins out of ten nominations at the Make - Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild , five People 's Choice Awards nominations , winning once , and eleven Satellite Awards nomination , with three wins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7838418703791341577","input":"how many times have chelsea played at the new wembley","passages":[{"title":"Wembley Stadium","text":"The first club game , competitive game , and cup final held at the new Wembley took place on 12 May 2007 when Kidderminster Harriers met Stevenage Borough in the FA Trophy final . Kidderminster striker James Constable was the first player to score a goal in a final at the new Wembley . Kidderminster became the first team to play at both the old and new stadium . Stevenage Borough were the first team to win a final at the new Wembley beating Kidderminster 3 -- 2 , despite trailing 2 -- 0 at half time . The first players to play at both the old and new Wembley Stadiums were Steve Guppy ( for Stevenage Borough ) and Jeff Kenna ( for Kidderminster Harriers ) . Ex-England international Guppy was the first player to win a final at both stadia ( with Leicester City , Wycombe Wanderers and Stevenage ) . Ronnie Henry was the first ever player to lift a competitive club trophy at the new Wembley . Tottenham","sentences":["The first club game , competitive game , and cup final held at the new Wembley took place on 12 May 2007 when Kidderminster Harriers met Stevenage Borough in the FA Trophy final .","Kidderminster striker James Constable was the first player to score a goal in a final at the new Wembley .","Kidderminster became the first team to play at both the old and new stadium .","Stevenage Borough were the first team to win a final at the new Wembley beating Kidderminster 3 -- 2 , despite trailing 2 -- 0 at half time .","The first players to play at both the old and new Wembley Stadiums were Steve Guppy ( for Stevenage Borough ) and Jeff Kenna ( for Kidderminster Harriers ) .","Ex-England international Guppy was the first player to win a final at both stadia ( with Leicester City , Wycombe Wanderers and Stevenage ) .","Ronnie Henry was the first ever player to lift a competitive club trophy at the new Wembley .","Tottenham"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2193111199513369013","input":"what is the primary difference between the pen tool and the pencil tool","passages":[{"title":"Technical drawing tool","text":"A drafting machine is a device which is mounted to the drawing board . It has rulers whose angles can be precisely adjusted with a controlling mechanism . There are two main types of apparatus : an arm - type parallelogram apparatus based on a hinged arm ; and a track - type apparatus which moves on a rail mounted to the top of the drawing board . The accuracy of the arm type apparatus is better in the middle of the board , decreasing towards the edges , whereas a track machine has a constant accuracy over the whole board . The drawing head of a track - type drafting machine slides on bearings in a vertical rail , which in turn is moved along a horizontal , top - mounted rail . Both apparatus types have an adjustable drawing - head with rules attached to a protractor scale so that the angle of the rules may be adjusted .","sentences":["A drafting machine is a device which is mounted to the drawing board .","It has rulers whose angles can be precisely adjusted with a controlling mechanism .","There are two main types of apparatus : an arm - type parallelogram apparatus based on a hinged arm ; and a track - type apparatus which moves on a rail mounted to the top of the drawing board .","The accuracy of the arm type apparatus is better in the middle of the board , decreasing towards the edges , whereas a track machine has a constant accuracy over the whole board .","The drawing head of a track - type drafting machine slides on bearings in a vertical rail , which in turn is moved along a horizontal , top - mounted rail .","Both apparatus types have an adjustable drawing - head with rules attached to a protractor scale so that the angle of the rules may be adjusted ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-614322277133661012","input":"what are the gun laws in all 50 states","passages":[{"title":"Gun laws in the United States by state","text":"Subject \/ Law Long guns Handguns Relevant Statutes Notes State permit required to purchase ? Yes Yes Firearm registration ? Yes Yes HRS 0134 - 0002 , HRS 0134 - 0003 Must be registered with county police chief within 5 days of purchase or arrival to Hawaii . Registration not required for black powder and pre-1899 firearms . Assault weapon law ? No Yes Law bans assault pistols with two or more banned features . Does not apply to rifles or shotguns with a barrel length greater than 16 inches Magazine capacity restriction ? No Yes HRS134 - 8 ( c ) HRS134 - 11 ( 3 ) Any magazine with a capacity of more than 10 rounds that can be inserted into a pistol is prohibited . Members of organizations are exempt from the pistol magazine limit at places of target shooting . Owner license required ? No No No license required to own any firearms in Hawaii , but all firearms , including those brought into the state by new residents , must be registered . Carry permits required ? No Yes HRS 0134 - 0009 May - Issue by statute , but No - Issue in practice . The chief of police may grant a permit `` in an exceptional case , when an applicant shows reason to fear injury to the applicant 's person or property . '' In practice , Hawaii is `` No - Issue , '' as issuing authorities rarely or never approve applications for permits . In March 2014 , the 9th Circuit US Court of Appeals has ruled Hawaii 's restrictive concealed carry policy unconstitutional . An en banc panel reversed the initial ruling in June 2015 , holding that the Constitution guarantees no right to concealed carry in public . Open carry ? Yes Yes By law , Hawaii is a Licensed Open Carry State , but since licenses are rarely issued , the state is Non-Permissive for open carry in practice . The chief of police may grant a permit `` Where the urgency or the need has been sufficiently indicated '' provided that the person `` is engaged in the protection of life and property . '' In practice , Hawaii is `` No - Issue , '' as issuing authorities rarely or never approve applications for permits . On July 24 , 2018 , the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Hawaii 's laws restricting open carry are unconstitutional . No laws against open carrying long guns . State preemption of local restrictions ? Yes Yes Municipalities may enact and enforce local regulations only if they are identical to , and provide the same penalty as , state law . NFA weapons restricted ? Yes Yes Machine guns , short barreled rifles , short barreled shotguns , and silencers \/ suppressors are prohibited from the average citizen . Certain Destructive Devices and AOWs are allowed with proper tax stamp and NFA paperwork from the ATF . Peaceable journey laws ? No No None Federal laws observed . Background checks required for private sales ? Yes Yes HRS \u00a7 134 - 2 A person who wants to purchase a handgun or long gun must obtain a permit to acquire the ownership of a firearm , which requires a background check of the applicant .","sentences":["Subject \/ Law Long guns Handguns Relevant Statutes Notes State permit required to purchase ?","Yes","Yes Firearm registration ?","Yes Yes HRS 0134 - 0002 , HRS 0134 - 0003 Must be registered with county police chief within 5 days of purchase or arrival to Hawaii .","Registration not required for black powder and pre-1899 firearms .","Assault weapon law ?","No","Yes Law bans assault pistols with two or more banned features .","Does not apply to rifles or shotguns with a barrel length greater than 16 inches Magazine capacity restriction ?","No Yes HRS134 - 8 ( c ) HRS134 - 11 ( 3 )","Any magazine with a capacity of more than 10 rounds that can be inserted into a pistol is prohibited .","Members of organizations are exempt from the pistol magazine limit at places of target shooting .","Owner license required ?","No","No No license required to own any firearms in Hawaii , but all firearms , including those brought into the state by new residents , must be registered .","Carry permits required ?","No","Yes HRS 0134 - 0009 May - Issue by statute , but No - Issue in practice .","The chief of police may grant a permit `` in an exceptional case , when an applicant shows reason to fear injury to the applicant 's person or property . ''","In practice , Hawaii is `` No - Issue , '' as issuing authorities rarely or never approve applications for permits .","In March 2014 , the 9th Circuit US Court of Appeals has ruled Hawaii 's restrictive concealed carry policy unconstitutional .","An en banc panel reversed the initial ruling in June 2015 , holding that the Constitution guarantees no right to concealed carry in public .","Open carry ?","Yes","Yes","By law , Hawaii is a Licensed Open Carry State , but since licenses are rarely issued , the state is Non-Permissive for open carry in practice .","The chief of police may grant a permit `` Where the urgency or the need has been sufficiently indicated '' provided that the person `` is engaged in the protection of life and property . ''","In practice , Hawaii is `` No - Issue , '' as issuing authorities rarely or never approve applications for permits .","On July 24 , 2018 , the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that Hawaii 's laws restricting open carry are unconstitutional .","No laws against open carrying long guns .","State preemption of local restrictions ?","Yes Yes Municipalities may enact and enforce local regulations only if they are identical to , and provide the same penalty as , state law .","NFA weapons restricted ?","Yes Yes Machine guns , short barreled rifles , short barreled shotguns , and silencers \/ suppressors are prohibited from the average citizen .","Certain Destructive Devices and AOWs are allowed with proper tax stamp and NFA paperwork from the ATF .","Peaceable journey laws ?","No No None Federal laws observed .","Background checks required for private sales ?","Yes Yes","HRS","\u00a7 134 - 2 A person who wants to purchase a handgun or long gun must obtain a permit to acquire the ownership of a firearm , which requires a background check of the applicant ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1721807000793254214","input":"who founded new york and why did they come","passages":[{"title":"History of New York (state)","text":"Immigration increased throughout the latter half of the 19th century . Starting with refugees from the Irish potato famine in the 1840s , New York became a prominent entry point for those seeking a new life in the United States . Between 1855 and 1890 , an estimated 8 million immigrants passed through Castle Clinton at Battery Park in Manhattan . Early in this period , most immigrants came from Ireland and Germany . Ellis Island opened in 1892 , and between 1880 and 1920 , most immigrants were German and Eastern European Jews , Poles , and other eastern and southern Europeans , including many Italians . By 1925 , New York City 's population outnumbered that of London , making it the most populous city in the world . Arguably New York 's most identifiable symbol , Liberty Enlightening the World ( the Statue of Liberty ) , a gift from France for the American centennial , was completed in 1886 . By the early 20th century , the statue was regarded as the `` Mother of Exiles '' -- a symbol of hope to immigrants .","sentences":["Immigration increased throughout the latter half of the 19th century .","Starting with refugees from the Irish potato famine in the 1840s , New York became a prominent entry point for those seeking a new life in the United States .","Between 1855 and 1890 , an estimated 8 million immigrants passed through Castle Clinton at Battery Park in Manhattan .","Early in this period , most immigrants came from Ireland and Germany .","Ellis Island opened in 1892 , and between 1880 and 1920 , most immigrants were German and Eastern European Jews , Poles , and other eastern and southern Europeans , including many Italians .","By 1925 , New York City 's population outnumbered that of London , making it the most populous city in the world .","Arguably New York 's most identifiable symbol , Liberty Enlightening the World ( the Statue of Liberty ) , a gift from France for the American centennial , was completed in 1886 .","By the early 20th century , the statue was regarded as the `` Mother of Exiles '' -- a symbol of hope to immigrants ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6305041407839310656","input":"where was goldilocks and the three bears written","passages":[{"title":"Goldilocks and the Three Bears","text":"The story makes extensive use of the literary rule of three , featuring three chairs , three bowls of porridge , three beds , and the three title characters who live in the house . There are also three sequences of the bears discovering in turn that someone has been eating from their porridge , sitting in their chairs , and finally , lying in their beds , at which point is the climax of Goldilocks being discovered . This follows three earlier sequences of Goldilocks trying the bowls of porridge , chairs , and beds successively , each time finding the third `` just right '' . Author Christopher Booker characterizes this as the `` dialectical three '' , where `` the first is wrong in one way , the second in another or opposite way , and only the third , in the middle , is just right . '' Booker continues `` This idea that the way forward lies in finding an exact middle path between opposites is of extraordinary importance in storytelling '' . This concept has spread across many other disciplines , particularly developmental psychology , biology , economics and engineering where it is called the `` Goldilocks Principle '' .","sentences":["The story makes extensive use of the literary rule of three , featuring three chairs , three bowls of porridge , three beds , and the three title characters who live in the house .","There are also three sequences of the bears discovering in turn that someone has been eating from their porridge , sitting in their chairs , and finally , lying in their beds , at which point is the climax of Goldilocks being discovered .","This follows three earlier sequences of Goldilocks trying the bowls of porridge , chairs , and beds successively , each time finding the third `` just right '' .","Author Christopher Booker characterizes this as the `` dialectical three '' , where `` the first is wrong in one way , the second in another or opposite way , and only the third , in the middle , is just right . ''","Booker continues `` This idea that the way forward lies in finding an exact middle path between opposites is of extraordinary importance in storytelling '' .","This concept has spread across many other disciplines , particularly developmental psychology , biology , economics and engineering where it is called the `` Goldilocks Principle '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2113067755773983945","input":"who played in the superbowl in new york","passages":[{"title":"Super Bowl XLVIII","text":"On Denver 's first play after receiving the opening kickoff , center Manny Ramirez snapped the ball while quarterback Peyton Manning was shifting forward ( from shotgun formation ) in the process of calling an audible , resulting in the ball going past Manning into the end zone . Running back Knowshon Moreno recovered the ball to prevent a Seahawks touchdown , but he was downed for a safety to give the Seahawks a 2 -- 0 lead . Seattle 's score just 12 seconds into the game was the quickest to start a game in Super Bowl history , surpassing the kickoff return by Devin Hester to start Super Bowl XLI seven years earlier ( which coincidentally featured Peyton Manning , at the time the Colts ' quarterback ) . Following the free kick , receiver Percy Harvin gained 30 yards on an end around run to set up Steven Hauschka 's 31 - yard field goal , making the score 5 -- 0 . Denver was forced to a three - and - out on their next drive , and after the Denver punt , Russell Wilson completed a 37 - yard pass to Doug Baldwin , leading to another Hauschka field goal , this one from 33 yards , that increased the lead to 8 -- 0 . On the third play of Denver 's ensuing possession , Manning was intercepted by Kam Chancellor , giving Seattle a first down on the Denver 37 .","sentences":["On Denver 's first play after receiving the opening kickoff , center Manny Ramirez snapped the ball while quarterback Peyton Manning was shifting forward ( from shotgun formation ) in the process of calling an audible , resulting in the ball going past Manning into the end zone .","Running back Knowshon Moreno recovered the ball to prevent a Seahawks touchdown , but he was downed for a safety to give the Seahawks a 2 -- 0 lead .","Seattle 's score just 12 seconds into the game was the quickest to start a game in Super Bowl history , surpassing the kickoff return by Devin Hester to start Super Bowl XLI seven years earlier ( which coincidentally featured Peyton Manning , at the time the Colts ' quarterback ) .","Following the free kick , receiver Percy Harvin gained 30 yards on an end around run to set up Steven Hauschka 's 31 - yard field goal , making the score 5 -- 0 .","Denver was forced to a three - and - out on their next drive , and after the Denver punt , Russell Wilson completed a 37 - yard pass to Doug Baldwin , leading to another Hauschka field goal , this one from 33 yards , that increased the lead to 8 -- 0 .","On the third play of Denver 's ensuing possession , Manning was intercepted by Kam Chancellor , giving Seattle a first down on the Denver 37 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1427420353066184392","input":"the walking dead telltale season 3 episode 1","passages":[{"title":"The Walking Dead: A New Frontier","text":"Four years later , in the game 's present , the four have a run - in with a group of men led by Max and Badger while scavenging for supplies and gas from a junk yard . Javier is driven away from the others but is rescued by Clementine . She offers to help in exchange for their family truck , and takes him to Prescott , a fortified community within an old airfield , where he is introduced to Tripp , Conrad , Francine , and Eleanor . Tripp and Eleanor agree to help rescue Javier 's family . In the rescue attempt , Mariana is killed by Max and Badger 's men , and Kate is critically wounded , but Javier 's allies manage to repel the attack . Kate is rushed back to Prescott , while Clementine identifies one of the attackers as a member of The New Frontier , a large group of survivors she had once met , claiming they were once good people , but have since become twisted and distrustful .","sentences":["Four years later , in the game 's present , the four have a run - in with a group of men led by Max and Badger while scavenging for supplies and gas from a junk yard .","Javier is driven away from the others but is rescued by Clementine .","She offers to help in exchange for their family truck , and takes him to Prescott , a fortified community within an old airfield , where he is introduced to Tripp , Conrad , Francine , and Eleanor .","Tripp and Eleanor agree to help rescue Javier 's family .","In the rescue attempt , Mariana is killed by Max and Badger 's men , and Kate is critically wounded , but Javier 's allies manage to repel the attack .","Kate is rushed back to Prescott , while Clementine identifies one of the attackers as a member of The New Frontier , a large group of survivors she had once met , claiming they were once good people , but have since become twisted and distrustful ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5308348178806351033","input":"what is the primary purpose of using sand in the still pot heating bath","passages":[{"title":"Reflux","text":"The apparatus shown in the diagram represents a batch distillation as opposed to a continuous distillation . The liquid feed mixture to be distilled is placed into the round - bottomed flask along with a few anti-bumping granules , and the fractionating column is fitted into the top . As the mixture is heated and boils , vapor rises up the column . The vapor condenses on the glass platforms ( known as plates or trays ) inside the column and runs back down into the liquid below , thereby refluxing the upflowing distillate vapor . The hottest tray is at the bottom of the column and the coolest tray is at the top . At steady state conditions , the vapor and liquid on each tray is at equilibrium . Only the most volatile of the vapors stays in gaseous form all the way to the top . The vapor at the top of the column then passes into the condenser , where it cools until it condenses into a liquid . The separation can be enhanced with the addition of more trays ( to a practical limitation of heat , flow , etc . ) . The process continues until all the most volatile components in the liquid feed boil out of the mixture . This point can be recognized by the rise in temperature shown on the thermometer . For continuous distillation , the feed mixture enters in the middle of the column .","sentences":["The apparatus shown in the diagram represents a batch distillation as opposed to a continuous distillation .","The liquid feed mixture to be distilled is placed into the round - bottomed flask along with a few anti-bumping granules , and the fractionating column is fitted into the top .","As the mixture is heated and boils , vapor rises up the column .","The vapor condenses on the glass platforms ( known as plates or trays ) inside the column and runs back down into the liquid below , thereby refluxing the upflowing distillate vapor .","The hottest tray is at the bottom of the column and the coolest tray is at the top .","At steady state conditions , the vapor and liquid on each tray is at equilibrium .","Only the most volatile of the vapors stays in gaseous form all the way to the top .","The vapor at the top of the column then passes into the condenser , where it cools until it condenses into a liquid .","The separation can be enhanced with the addition of more trays ( to a practical limitation of heat , flow , etc . ) .","The process continues until all the most volatile components in the liquid feed boil out of the mixture .","This point can be recognized by the rise in temperature shown on the thermometer .","For continuous distillation , the feed mixture enters in the middle of the column ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6945057095174742438","input":"where was the battle of the sexes played","passages":[{"title":"Battle of the Sexes (tennis)","text":"In August 2015 , John McEnroe was interviewed on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! . At that time , McEnroe was 56 years old but still active on the seniors tennis circuit , Serena Williams was 34 years old and in the chase for a `` calendar - year '' Grand Slam . McEnroe mentioned to Kimmel that about 15 years prior , Donald Trump had suggested that he would like to put together a `` battle of the sexes '' match between McEnroe and Williams . McEnroe said he would face Williams but that Trump was not offering a big enough payout . McEnroe said that he believed he could defeat Williams in a tennis match .","sentences":["In August 2015 , John McEnroe was interviewed on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! .","At that time , McEnroe was 56 years old but still active on the seniors tennis circuit , Serena Williams was 34 years old and in the chase for a `` calendar - year ''","Grand Slam .","McEnroe mentioned to Kimmel that about 15 years prior , Donald Trump had suggested that he would like to put together a `` battle of the sexes '' match between McEnroe and Williams .","McEnroe said he would face Williams but that Trump was not offering a big enough payout .","McEnroe said that he believed he could defeat Williams in a tennis match ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7662814363074852003","input":"where is the beginning of the shining filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Shining (film)","text":"Gordon Dahlquist of The Kubrick FAQ argues that the name change `` deliberately mirrors Jack Torrance being both the husband of Wendy \/ father of Danny and the mysterious man in the July Fourth photo . It is to say he is two people : the man with choice in a perilous situation and the man who has ' always ' been at the Overlook . It 's a mistake to see the final photo as evidence that the events of the film are predetermined : Jack has any number of moments where he can act other than the way he does , and that his ( poor ) choices are fueled by weakness and fear perhaps merely speaks all the more to the questions about the personal and the political that The Shining brings up . In the same way Charles had a chance -- once more , perhaps -- to not take on Delbert 's legacy , so Jack may have had a chance to escape his role as ' caretaker ' to the interests of the powerful . It 's the tragic course of this story that he chooses not to . '' Dahlquist 's argument is that Delbert Grady , the 1920s butler , and Charles Grady , the 1970s caretaker , rather than being either two different people or the same are two ' manifestations ' of a similar entity ; a part permanently at the hotel ( Delbert ) and the part which is given the choice of whether to join the legacy of the hotel 's murderous past ( Charles ) , just as the man in the photo is not exactly Jack Torrance , but nor is he someone entirely different . Jack in the photo has ' always ' been at the Overlook , Jack the caretaker chooses to become part of the hotel . The film 's assistant editor Gordon Stainforth has commented on this issue , attempting to steer a course between the continuity - error explanation on one side and the hidden - meaning explanation on the other ; `` I do n't think we 'll ever quite unravel this . Was his full name Charles Delbert Grady ? Perhaps Charles was a sort of nickname ? Perhaps Ullman got the name wrong ? But I also think that Stanley did NOT want the whole story to fit together too neatly , so ( it is ) absolutely correct , I think , to say that ' the sum of what we learn refuses to add up neatly ' . ''","sentences":["Gordon Dahlquist of The Kubrick FAQ argues that the name change `` deliberately mirrors Jack Torrance being both the husband of Wendy \/ father of Danny and the mysterious man in the July Fourth photo .","It is to say he is two people : the man with choice in a perilous situation and the man who has ' always ' been at the Overlook .","It 's a mistake to see the final photo as evidence that the events of the film are predetermined : Jack has any number of moments where he can act other than the way he does , and that his ( poor ) choices are fueled by weakness and fear perhaps merely speaks all the more to the questions about the personal and the political that The Shining brings up .","In the same way Charles had a chance -- once more , perhaps -- to not take on Delbert 's legacy , so Jack may have had a chance to escape his role as ' caretaker ' to the interests of the powerful .","It 's the tragic course of this story that he chooses not to . ''","Dahlquist 's argument is that Delbert Grady , the 1920s butler , and Charles Grady , the 1970s caretaker , rather than being either two different people or the same are two ' manifestations ' of a similar entity ; a part permanently at the hotel ( Delbert ) and the part which is given the choice of whether to join the legacy of the hotel 's murderous past ( Charles ) , just as the man in the photo is not exactly Jack Torrance , but nor is he someone entirely different .","Jack in the photo has ' always ' been at the Overlook , Jack the caretaker chooses to become part of the hotel .","The film 's assistant editor Gordon Stainforth has commented on this issue , attempting to steer a course between the continuity - error explanation on one side and the hidden - meaning explanation on the other ; `` I do n't think we 'll ever quite unravel this .","Was his full name Charles Delbert Grady ?","Perhaps Charles was a sort of nickname ?","Perhaps Ullman got the name wrong ?","But I also think that Stanley did NOT want the whole story to fit together too neatly , so ( it is ) absolutely correct , I think , to say that ' the sum of what we learn refuses to add up neatly ' . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5378968860664453484","input":"where are stem cells found in human body","passages":[{"title":"Stem cell","text":"However , reprogramming allows for the creation of pluripotent cells , induced pluripotent stem cells , from adult cells . It is important to note that these are not adult stem cells , but adult cells ( e.g. epithelial cells ) reprogrammed to give rise to cells with pluripotent capabilities . Using genetic reprogramming with protein transcription factors , pluripotent stem cells with ESC - like capabilities have been derived . The first demonstration of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells was conducted by Shinya Yamanaka and his colleagues at Kyoto University . They used the transcription factors Oct3 \/ 4 , Sox2 , c - Myc , and Klf4 to reprogram mouse fibroblast cells into pluripotent cells . Subsequent work used these factors to induce pluripotency in human fibroblast cells . Junying Yu , James Thomson , and their colleagues at the University of Wisconsin -- Madison used a different set of factors , Oct4 , Sox2 , Nanog and Lin28 , and carried out their experiments using cells from human foreskin . However , they were able to replicate Yamanaka 's finding that inducing pluripotency in human cells was possible .","sentences":["However , reprogramming allows for the creation of pluripotent cells , induced pluripotent stem cells , from adult cells .","It is important to note that these are not adult stem cells , but adult cells ( e.g. epithelial cells ) reprogrammed to give rise to cells with pluripotent capabilities .","Using genetic reprogramming with protein transcription factors , pluripotent stem cells with ESC - like capabilities have been derived .","The first demonstration of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells was conducted by Shinya Yamanaka and his colleagues at Kyoto University .","They used the transcription factors Oct3 \/ 4 , Sox2 , c - Myc , and Klf4 to reprogram mouse fibroblast cells into pluripotent cells .","Subsequent work used these factors to induce pluripotency in human fibroblast cells .","Junying Yu , James Thomson , and their colleagues at the University of Wisconsin --","Madison used a different set of factors , Oct4 , Sox2 , Nanog and Lin28 , and carried out their experiments using cells from human foreskin .","However , they were able to replicate Yamanaka 's finding that inducing pluripotency in human cells was possible ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4838001843362457055","input":"who has more fans star wars or star trek","passages":[{"title":"Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars","text":"The two franchises have a `` symbiotic relationship '' stated Shatner , who credits Star Wars for launching the Star Trek films . He repeated this sentiment at a 2016 Star Trek fan convention in Las Vegas by stating `` Star Wars created Star Trek '' . He clarified this statement by explaining that at the time of the release of the first Star Wars film ( A New Hope ) , Paramount , then under new management , was struggling to come up with something that could compete with it . A Star Trek relaunch was the choice . Since then , public interest has returned to Star Trek . `` It was ' Star Wars ' that thrust ' Star Trek ' into the people of Paramount 's consciousness '' he stated .","sentences":["The two franchises have a `` symbiotic relationship '' stated Shatner , who credits Star Wars for launching the Star Trek films .","He repeated this sentiment at a 2016 Star Trek fan convention in Las Vegas by stating `` Star Wars created Star Trek '' .","He clarified this statement by explaining that at the time of the release of the first Star Wars film ( A New Hope ) , Paramount , then under new management , was struggling to come up with something that could compete with it .","A Star Trek relaunch was the choice .","Since then , public interest has returned to Star Trek .","`` It was ' Star Wars ' that thrust ' Star Trek ' into the people of Paramount 's consciousness '' he stated ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7727862524210817807","input":"major components of the philippine agrarian reform program","passages":[{"title":"Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program","text":"During the start of President Corazon Aquino 's term in 1986 , the Constitutional Commission approved Section 21 under Article II , which states that `` The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform . '' This led to the drafting of CARP , which took the Congress a year to make . On June 10 , 1988 , Republic Act No. 6657 , also known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law ( CARL ) , was passed to promote social justice and industrialization . Although it was still a product of adherence to democratic principles , this law was found to have many flaws . Because of much dissatisfaction with the agrarian reform law , proposals from peasant groups and non-government organizations grew in order to implement an alternative program that was more advantageous to them . However , this did not succeed .","sentences":["During the start of President Corazon Aquino 's term in 1986 , the Constitutional Commission approved Section 21 under Article II , which states that `` The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform . ''","This led to the drafting of CARP , which took the Congress a year to make .","On June 10 , 1988 , Republic Act No. 6657 , also known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law ( CARL ) , was passed to promote social justice and industrialization .","Although it was still a product of adherence to democratic principles , this law was found to have many flaws .","Because of much dissatisfaction with the agrarian reform law , proposals from peasant groups and non-government organizations grew in order to implement an alternative program that was more advantageous to them .","However , this did not succeed ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3431783372644370463","input":"a law firm is an example of this type of business","passages":[{"title":"Law firm","text":"The largest law firms in the world are headquartered primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States . However , large firms of more than 1,000 lawyers are also found in Australia ( Minter Ellison ( 1,500 attorneys ) , China ( Dacheng 2,100 attorneys ) and Spain ( Garrigues , 2,100 attorneys ) . The American system of licensing attorneys on a state - by - state basis , the tradition of having a headquarters in a single U.S. state and a close focus on profits per partner ( as opposed to sheer scale ) has to date limited the size of most American law firms . Thus , whilst the most profitable law firms in the world remain in New York , four of the six largest firms in the world are based in London in the United Kingdom . But the huge size of the United States results in a larger number of large firms overall -- a 2003 paper noted that the United States alone had 901 law firms with more than 50 lawyers , while there were only 58 such firms in Canada , 44 in Great Britain , 14 in France , and 9 in Germany . There is an increasing tendency towards globalisation of law firms .","sentences":["The largest law firms in the world are headquartered primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States .","However , large firms of more than 1,000 lawyers are also found in Australia ( Minter Ellison ( 1,500 attorneys ) , China ( Dacheng 2,100 attorneys ) and Spain ( Garrigues , 2,100 attorneys ) .","The American system of licensing attorneys on a state - by - state basis , the tradition of having a headquarters in a single U.S. state and a close focus on profits per partner ( as opposed to sheer scale ) has to date limited the size of most American law firms .","Thus , whilst the most profitable law firms in the world remain in New York , four of the six largest firms in the world are based in London in the United Kingdom .","But the huge size of the United States results in a larger number of large firms overall -- a 2003 paper noted that the United States alone had 901 law firms with more than 50 lawyers , while there were only 58 such firms in Canada , 44 in Great Britain , 14 in France , and 9 in Germany .","There is an increasing tendency towards globalisation of law firms ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8320033843649179457","input":"bob dylan the bootleg series vol 10 another self portrait songs","passages":[{"title":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 10: Another Self Portrait (1969\u20131971)","text":"The 50th Anniversary Collection ( 2012 ) The 50th Anniversary Collection 2012 The Bootleg Series Vol. 10 : Another Self Portrait ( 1969 -- 1971 ) ( 2013 ) The Complete Album Collection Vol . One ( 2013 ) The Complete Album Collection Vol . One 2013","sentences":["The 50th Anniversary Collection ( 2012 )","The 50th Anniversary Collection 2012 The Bootleg Series Vol. 10 : Another Self Portrait ( 1969 -- 1971 ) ( 2013 )","The Complete Album Collection Vol .","One ( 2013 )","The Complete Album Collection Vol .","One 2013"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6387687329449020131","input":"when is the next bates motel coming out","passages":[{"title":"Bates Motel (season 5)","text":"Caleb wakes to find himself chained in the basement of the Bates house . Norman , as `` Mother '' , visits him to recount their history . This causes Caleb to slowly lose his mind . Chick , now aware of Norman 's mental condition , remains at the house to research his true - crime novel based on Norman . Madeleine admits her troubled marriage to Norman , and they become friends . Romero is granted a transfer , following his prison fight . He escapes custody , only to be shot while trying to steal a car from a farm . `` Mother '' insists that Norman should kill Caleb , as she can not do it . Norman sets Caleb free , but `` Mother '' chases him into the road , where a distracted Chick accidentally hits him with his car .","sentences":["Caleb wakes to find himself chained in the basement of the Bates house .","Norman , as `` Mother '' , visits him to recount their history .","This causes Caleb to slowly lose his mind .","Chick , now aware of Norman 's mental condition , remains at the house to research his true - crime novel based on Norman .","Madeleine admits her troubled marriage to Norman , and they become friends .","Romero is granted a transfer , following his prison fight .","He escapes custody , only to be shot while trying to steal a car from a farm .","`` Mother '' insists that Norman should kill Caleb , as she can not do it .","Norman sets Caleb free , but `` Mother '' chases him into the road , where a distracted Chick accidentally hits him with his car ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7230282756686394702","input":"where did the south surrender to the north","passages":[{"title":"Sherman's March to the Sea","text":"The right wing was the Army of the Tennessee , commanded by Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard , consisting of two corps : XV Corps , commanded by Maj. Gen. Peter J. Osterhaus , with the divisions of Brig . Gens . Charles R. Woods , William B. Hazen , John E. Smith , and John M. Corse . XVII Corps , commanded by Maj. Gen. Frank Blair , Jr. , with the divisions of Maj. Gen. Joseph A. Mower and Brig . Gens . Mortimer D. Leggett and Giles A. Smith .","sentences":["The right wing was the Army of the Tennessee , commanded by Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard , consisting of two corps : XV Corps , commanded by Maj. Gen. Peter J. Osterhaus , with the divisions of Brig .","Gens .","Charles R. Woods , William B. Hazen , John E. Smith , and John M. Corse .","XVII Corps , commanded by Maj. Gen. Frank Blair , Jr. , with the divisions of Maj. Gen. Joseph A. Mower and Brig .","Gens .","Mortimer D. Leggett and Giles A. Smith ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-287359936320269771","input":"where are the clowns send in the clowns","passages":[{"title":"Send In the Clowns","text":"And I went down and saw it and it seemed very clear what was needed , and so that made it very easy to write . And then I wrote it for her voice , because she could n't sustain notes . Was n't that kind of singing voice . So I knew I had to write things in short phrases , and that led to questions , and so again , I would n't have written a song so quickly if I had n't known the actress ... I wrote most of it one night and finished part of the second chorus , and I 'd gotten the ending ... ( T ) he whole thing was done in two days .","sentences":["And I went down and saw it and it seemed very clear what was needed , and so that made it very easy to write .","And then I wrote it for her voice , because she could n't sustain notes .","Was n't that kind of singing voice .","So I knew I had to write things in short phrases , and that led to questions , and so again , I would n't have written a song so quickly if I had n't known the actress ...","I wrote most of it one night and finished part of the second chorus , and I 'd gotten the ending ...","( T )","he whole thing was done in two days ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2863619360342982411","input":"who is credited with inventing the technique called cutting","passages":[{"title":"Scratching","text":"Specialized DJ - CD players with jog wheels , allowing the DJ to manipulate a CD as if it were a vinyl record , have become widely available in the 2000s . Vinyl emulation software allows a DJ to manipulate the playback of digital music files on a computer via a DJ control surface ( generally MIDI or a HID controller ) . DJs can scratch , beatmatch , and perform other turntablist operations that can not be done with a conventional keyboard and mouse . DJ software performing computer scratch operations include Traktor Pro , Mixxx , Serato Scratch Live & Itch , Virtual DJ , M - Audio Torq , DJay , Deckadance , Cross . DJs have also used magnetic tape , such as cassette or reel to reel to both mix and scratch . Tape DJing is rare , but Ruthless Ramsey in the US , Tj Scratchavite in Italy and Mr Tape in Latvia use exclusively tape formats to perform .","sentences":["Specialized DJ - CD players with jog wheels , allowing the DJ to manipulate a CD as if it were a vinyl record , have become widely available in the 2000s .","Vinyl emulation software allows a DJ to manipulate the playback of digital music files on a computer via a DJ control surface ( generally MIDI or a HID controller ) .","DJs can scratch , beatmatch , and perform other turntablist operations that can not be done with a conventional keyboard and mouse .","DJ software performing computer scratch operations include Traktor Pro , Mixxx , Serato Scratch Live & Itch , Virtual DJ , M - Audio Torq , DJay , Deckadance , Cross .","DJs have also used magnetic tape , such as cassette or reel to reel to both mix and scratch .","Tape DJing is rare , but Ruthless Ramsey in the US , Tj Scratchavite in Italy and Mr Tape in Latvia use exclusively tape formats to perform ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1793617381404634090","input":"where does the cytric acid cycle take place","passages":[{"title":"Citric acid cycle","text":"CH C ( = O ) C ( = O ) O pyruvate + HSCoA + NAD \u2192 CH C ( = O ) SCoA acetyl - CoA + NADH + CO","sentences":["CH C ( = O )","C","( = O )","O pyruvate + HSCoA +","NAD \u2192 CH C ( = O )","SCoA acetyl - CoA + NADH + CO"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4537946198023654445","input":"when does river song first meet the doctor","passages":[{"title":"River Song (Doctor Who)","text":"When the Doctor next encounters River , in `` The Husbands of River Song '' ( 2015 ) , as the Twelfth Doctor ( Peter Capaldi ) , she does not initially recognise him and he is able to learn more about what she is like when he is not around . The Doctor accompanies River ( from her perspective , shortly after `` The Angels Take Manhattan '' ) on a scheme to obtain a rare diamond . He learns that in addition to him , River has had several spouses , both male and female , and is not above ruthless behaviour as she goes about her work . He also discovers that she truly loves him , but that she also genuinely believes that he does not love her back . She feels that the Doctor is above such petty emotions as love , and that he would never willingly jeopardise himself simply to help her . River ultimately discovers that the man she 's been having this adventure with is actually the Doctor , with a new face she does n't have a record of , thinking he only had 12 regenerations and that she 'd already seen his last one . The pair later crash - land on the planet Darillium , where River had told the Doctor in `` Forest of the Dead '' that they would have their last night together . He uses time travel to ensure a perfect date , gifts her the sonic screwdriver that she had in `` Silence in the Library '' , and comforts her by revealing that the nights on Darillium last `` 24 years '' , giving River a happy life spent with the Doctor before her impending death in the Library .","sentences":["When the Doctor next encounters River , in `` The Husbands of River Song '' ( 2015 ) , as the Twelfth Doctor ( Peter Capaldi ) , she does not initially recognise him and he is able to learn more about what she is like when he is not around .","The Doctor accompanies River ( from her perspective , shortly after `` The Angels Take Manhattan '' ) on a scheme to obtain a rare diamond .","He learns that in addition to him , River has had several spouses , both male and female , and is not above ruthless behaviour as she goes about her work .","He also discovers that she truly loves him , but that she also genuinely believes that he does not love her back .","She feels that the Doctor is above such petty emotions as love , and that he would never willingly jeopardise himself simply to help her .","River ultimately discovers that the man she 's been having this adventure with is actually the Doctor , with a new face she does n't have a record of , thinking he only had 12 regenerations and that she 'd already seen his last one .","The pair later crash - land on the planet Darillium , where River had told the Doctor in `` Forest of the Dead '' that they would have their last night together .","He uses time travel to ensure a perfect date , gifts her the sonic screwdriver that she had in `` Silence in the Library '' , and comforts her by revealing that the nights on Darillium last `` 24 years '' , giving River a happy life spent with the Doctor before her impending death in the Library ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3516109887552562124","input":"what is distribution of values taken by a statistic","passages":[{"title":"Sampling distribution","text":"Bernoulli : Bernoulli \u2061 ( p ) ( \\ displaystyle \\ operatorname ( Bernoulli ) ( p ) ) Sample proportion of `` successful trials '' X  \u0304 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ bar ( X ) ) ) n X  \u0304 \u223c Binomial \u2061 ( n , p ) ( \\ displaystyle n ( \\ bar ( X ) ) \\ sim \\ operatorname ( Binomial ) ( n , p ) )","sentences":["Bernoulli : Bernoulli \u2061 ( p ) ( \\ displaystyle \\ operatorname ( Bernoulli ) ( p ) )","Sample proportion of `` successful trials '' X  \u0304","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ bar ( X ) ) )","n X  \u0304 \u223c Binomial","\u2061 ( n , p ) ( \\ displaystyle n ( \\ bar ( X ) )","\\ sim \\ operatorname ( Binomial ) ( n , p ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8154918849213698476","input":"what's that symbol on the patriots field","passages":[{"title":"Gillette Stadium","text":"Coordinates 42 \u00b0 05 \u2032 27.40 '' N 71 \u00b0 15 \u2032 51.64 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.0909444 \u00b0 N 71.2643444 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 42.0909444 ; - 71.2643444 Coordinates : 42 \u00b0 05 \u2032 27.40 '' N 71 \u00b0 15 \u2032 51.64 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.0909444 \u00b0 N 71.2643444 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 42.0909444 ; - 71.2643444","sentences":["Coordinates 42 \u00b0 05 \u2032 27.40 ''","N 71 \u00b0 15 \u2032 51.64 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.0909444 \u00b0 N 71.2643444 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 42.0909444 ; - 71.2643444 Coordinates : 42 \u00b0 05 \u2032 27.40 ''","N 71 \u00b0 15 \u2032 51.64 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.0909444 \u00b0 N 71.2643444 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 42.0909444 ; - 71.2643444"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8849257189836444562","input":"is the sum of two independent random variables independent","passages":[{"title":"Sum of normally distributed random variables","text":"\u03c6 ( t ) = exp \u2061 ( i t \u03bc + \u03c3 2 i 2 t 2 2 ) . ( \\ displaystyle \\ varphi ( t ) = \\ exp \\ left ( it \\ mu + ( \\ sigma ^ ( 2 ) i ^ ( 2 ) t ^ ( 2 ) \\ over 2 ) \\ right ) . )","sentences":["\u03c6 ( t ) = exp \u2061 ( i t \u03bc + \u03c3 2 i 2 t 2 2 ) .","( \\ displaystyle \\ varphi ( t ) = \\ exp \\ left ( it \\ mu","+ ( \\ sigma ^","( 2 ) i ^","( 2 ) t","^","( 2 ) \\ over 2 ) \\ right ) . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5846092290700063045","input":"the beatles while my guitar gently weeps original","passages":[{"title":"While My Guitar Gently Weeps","text":"A demo that Harrison recorded at his home in Esher includes an unused verse : `` I look at the trouble and see that it 's raging \/ While my guitar gently weeps \/ As I 'm sitting here , doing nothing but ageing ... '' This version also includes the line `` The problems you sow are the troubles you 're reaping '' , which he similarly discarded . An early acoustic guitar and harmonium performance of the song features a slightly different third verse : `` I look from the wings at the play you are staging \/ While my guitar gently weeps \/ As I 'm sitting here , doing nothing but ageing ... '' This version was released on the 1996 compilation Anthology 3 and was used as the basis of the 2006 Love remix , with a string arrangement by George Martin .","sentences":["A demo that Harrison recorded at his home in Esher includes an unused verse : `` I look at the trouble and see that it 's raging \/ While my guitar gently weeps \/","As I 'm sitting here , doing nothing but ageing ... ''","This version also includes the line `` The problems you sow are the troubles you 're reaping '' , which he similarly discarded .","An early acoustic guitar and harmonium performance of the song features a slightly different third verse : `` I look from the wings at the play you are staging \/ While my guitar gently weeps \/","As I 'm sitting here , doing nothing but ageing ... ''","This version was released on the 1996 compilation Anthology 3 and was used as the basis of the 2006 Love remix , with a string arrangement by George Martin ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8688526666612376528","input":"summary of the poem the call of the river nun by gabriel okara","passages":[{"title":"Nun River","text":"Nun River 2005 satellite view of Niger Delta . Nun River in the center Niger Delta in 1898 . The Niger flows from the north , and bifurcates just below Abo . The For\u00e7ados flows west and the Nun continues south . Country Nigeria State Rivers State Physical characteristics Main source 5 \u00b0 17 \u2032 56 '' N 6 \u00b0 24 \u2032 52 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 5.298847 \u00b0 N 6.414350 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 5.298847 ; 6.414350 River mouth 5 \u00b0 18 \u2032 30 '' N 6 \u00b0 25 \u2032 00 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 5.308333 \u00b0 N 6.416667 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 5.308333 ; 6.416667 Coordinates : 5 \u00b0 18 \u2032 30 '' N 6 \u00b0 25 \u2032 00 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 5.308333 \u00b0 N 6.416667 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 5.308333 ; 6.416667 Length 160 km ( 99 mi )","sentences":["Nun River 2005 satellite view of Niger Delta .","Nun River in the center Niger Delta in 1898 .","The Niger flows from the north , and bifurcates just below Abo .","The For\u00e7ados flows west and the Nun continues south .","Country Nigeria State Rivers State Physical characteristics Main source 5 \u00b0 17 \u2032 56 ''","N 6 \u00b0 24 \u2032 52 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 5.298847 \u00b0 N 6.414350 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 5.298847 ; 6.414350 River mouth 5 \u00b0 18 \u2032 30 ''","N 6 \u00b0 25 \u2032 00 ''","E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 5.308333 \u00b0 N 6.416667 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 5.308333 ; 6.416667 Coordinates : 5 \u00b0 18 \u2032 30 ''","N 6 \u00b0 25 \u2032 00 ''","E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 5.308333 \u00b0 N 6.416667 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 5.308333 ; 6.416667 Length 160 km ( 99 mi )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4656045866942153181","input":"which of the following is the net reaction for two turns of the citric acid cycle","passages":[{"title":"Citric acid cycle","text":"CH C ( = O ) C ( = O ) O pyruvate + HSCoA + NAD \u2192 CH C ( = O ) SCoA acetyl - CoA + NADH + CO","sentences":["CH C ( = O )","C","( = O )","O pyruvate + HSCoA +","NAD \u2192 CH C ( = O )","SCoA acetyl - CoA + NADH + CO"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6471949531033937907","input":"what was the new world and old world","passages":[{"title":"New World","text":"Even prior to Vespucci , several maps , e.g. the Cantino planisphere of 1502 and the Canerio map of 1504 , placed a large open ocean between China on the east side of the map , and the inchoate largely water - surrounded North American and South American discoveries on the western side of map . However , out of uncertainty , they depicted a finger of the Asian land mass stretching across the top to the eastern edge of the map , suggesting it carried over into the western hemisphere ( e.g. the Cantino Planisphere denotes Greenland as `` Punta d'Asia '' - `` edge of Asia '' ) . Some maps , e.g. the 1506 Contarini -- Rosselli map and the 1508 Johannes Ruysch map , bowing to Ptolemaic authority and Columbus 's assertions , have the northern Asian landmass stretching well into the western hemisphere and merging with known North America ( Labrador , Newfoundland , etc . ) . These maps place the island of Japan near Cuba and leave the South American continent - Vespucci 's `` New World '' proper - detached and floating below by itself . The Waldseem\u00fcller map of 1507 , which accompanied the famous Cosmographiae Introductio volume ( which includes reprints of Vespucci 's letters ) comes closest to modernity by placing a completely open sea ( with no stretching land fingers ) between Asia on the eastern side and the New World ( being represented two times in the same map in a different way : with and without a sea passage in the middle of what is now named Central America ) on the western side - which ( on what is now named South America ) that same map famously labels simply `` America '' . However , Martin Waldseem\u00fcller 's map of 1516 retreats considerably from his earlier map and back to classical authority , with the Asian land mass merging into North America ( which he now calls Terra de Cuba Asie partis ) , and quietly drops the `` America '' label from South America , calling it merely Terra Incognita .","sentences":["Even prior to Vespucci , several maps , e.g. the Cantino planisphere of 1502 and the Canerio map of 1504 , placed a large open ocean between China on the east side of the map , and the inchoate largely water - surrounded North American and South American discoveries on the western side of map .","However , out of uncertainty , they depicted a finger of the Asian land mass stretching across the top to the eastern edge of the map , suggesting it carried over into the western hemisphere ( e.g. the Cantino Planisphere denotes Greenland as `` Punta d'Asia '' - `` edge of Asia '' ) .","Some maps , e.g. the 1506 Contarini -- Rosselli map and the 1508 Johannes Ruysch map , bowing to Ptolemaic authority and Columbus 's assertions , have the northern Asian landmass stretching well into the western hemisphere and merging with known North America ( Labrador , Newfoundland , etc . ) .","These maps place the island of Japan near Cuba and leave the South American continent - Vespucci 's `` New World '' proper - detached and floating below by itself .","The Waldseem\u00fcller map of 1507 , which accompanied the famous Cosmographiae Introductio volume ( which includes reprints of Vespucci 's letters ) comes closest to modernity by placing a completely open sea ( with no stretching land fingers ) between Asia on the eastern side and the New World ( being represented two times in the same map in a different way : with and without a sea passage in the middle of what is now named Central America ) on the western side - which ( on what is now named South America ) that same map famously labels simply `` America '' .","However , Martin Waldseem\u00fcller 's map of 1516 retreats considerably from his earlier map and back to classical authority , with the Asian land mass merging into North America ( which he now calls Terra de Cuba Asie partis ) , and quietly drops the `` America '' label from South America , calling it merely Terra Incognita ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3252999640818331806","input":"where was the fight of the century first scheduled to be held","passages":[{"title":"Fight of the Century","text":"The Fight of the Century Date March 8 , 1971 Venue Madison Square Garden , New York City Title ( s ) on the line WBA \/ WBC \/ The Ring \/ Lineal Heavyweight Championships Tale of the tape Boxer Joe Frazier Muhammad Ali Nickname Smokin ' Joe The Greatest Hometown Beaufort , South Carolina Louisville , Kentucky Pre-fight record 26 -- 0 ( 23 KOs ) 31 -- 0 ( 25 KOs ) Height 5 ft 11.5 in ( 1.82 m ) 6 ft 3 in ( 1.91 m ) Weight 205 lb ( 93 kg ) 215 lb ( 98 kg ) Recognition WBC \/ WBA Heavyweight Champion The Ring \/ Lineal Heavyweight Champion Result Frazier won in 15 rounds unanimous decision","sentences":["The Fight of the Century Date March 8 , 1971 Venue Madison Square Garden , New York City Title ( s ) on the line WBA \/ WBC \/ The Ring \/ Lineal Heavyweight Championships Tale of the tape Boxer Joe Frazier Muhammad Ali Nickname Smokin ' Joe The Greatest Hometown Beaufort , South Carolina Louisville , Kentucky Pre-fight record 26 -- 0 ( 23 KOs ) 31 -- 0 ( 25 KOs )","Height 5 ft 11.5 in ( 1.82 m ) 6 ft 3 in ( 1.91 m )","Weight 205 lb ( 93 kg )","215 lb ( 98 kg )","Recognition WBC \/ WBA","Heavyweight","Champion","The Ring \/ Lineal Heavyweight Champion Result Frazier won in 15 rounds unanimous decision"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8117653827603581229","input":"who plays malcolm's girlfriend in malcolm in the middle","passages":[{"title":"Characters of Malcolm in the Middle","text":"Actor Character Season 5 6 7 Main characters Jane Kaczmarek Lois Main Bryan Cranston Hal Main Christopher Masterson Francis Main Recurring Justin Berfield Reese Main Erik Per Sullivan Dewey Main Frankie Muniz Malcolm Main Catherine Lloyd Burns Caroline Miller Main Recurring James and Lukas Rodriguez Jamie Recurring Main Recurring characters Craig Lamar Traylor Stevie Kenarban Recurring David Anthony Higgins Craig Feldspar Recurring Gary Anthony Williams Abe Kenarban Recurring Evan Matthew Cohen Lloyd Recurring Kyle Sullivan Dabney Recurring Daniel Von Bargen Edwin Spangler Recurring Flashback Will Jennings Kyle Recurring Flashback Drew Powell Drew Horton Recurring Flashback Arjay Smith Ken Finley Recurring Flashback Karim Prince Stanley Winn Recurring Eric Nenninger Eric Hansen Guest Recurring Flashback Merrin Dungey Kitty Kenarban Guest Recurring Guest Guest Kasan Butcher Joe Guest Recurring Flashback Tania Raymonde Cynthia Recurring Guest Cloris Leachman Ida Guest Recurring Emy Coligado Piama Tananahaakna Recurring Chris Eigeman Lionel Herkabe Recurring Guest Recurring Victor Z . Isaac Kevin Recurring Brenda Wehle Lavernia Recurring Sandy Ward Pete Recurring John Ennis Artie Recurring Kenneth Mars Otto Mannkusser Recurring Meagen Fay Gretchen Mannkusser Recurring","sentences":["Actor Character Season 5 6 7 Main characters Jane Kaczmarek Lois Main Bryan Cranston Hal Main Christopher Masterson Francis Main Recurring Justin Berfield Reese Main Erik Per Sullivan Dewey Main Frankie Muniz","Malcolm Main Catherine Lloyd Burns Caroline Miller Main Recurring James and Lukas Rodriguez Jamie","Recurring Main Recurring characters Craig Lamar Traylor Stevie Kenarban Recurring David Anthony Higgins Craig Feldspar","Recurring Gary Anthony Williams Abe Kenarban Recurring Evan Matthew Cohen Lloyd Recurring Kyle Sullivan Dabney Recurring Daniel Von Bargen Edwin Spangler","Recurring Flashback Will Jennings Kyle Recurring Flashback Drew Powell Drew Horton","Recurring Flashback Arjay Smith Ken Finley","Recurring Flashback Karim Prince Stanley Winn Recurring Eric Nenninger Eric Hansen Guest Recurring Flashback Merrin Dungey Kitty Kenarban Guest Recurring Guest Guest","Kasan Butcher Joe Guest Recurring Flashback Tania Raymonde Cynthia Recurring Guest Cloris Leachman Ida Guest","Recurring Emy Coligado Piama Tananahaakna","Recurring Chris Eigeman Lionel Herkabe Recurring Guest","Recurring Victor Z .","Isaac Kevin","Recurring Brenda Wehle Lavernia","Recurring Sandy Ward Pete","Recurring John Ennis Artie Recurring Kenneth Mars Otto Mannkusser Recurring Meagen Fay Gretchen Mannkusser Recurring"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4678627189375800755","input":"who has gone the deepest in the ocean","passages":[{"title":"Challenger Deep","text":"In 2014 , a study was conducted regarding the determination of the depth and location of the Challenger Deep based on data collected previous to and during the 2010 sonar mapping of the Mariana Trench with a Kongsberg Maritime EM 122 multibeam echosounder system aboard the USNS Sumner ( T - AGS - 61 ) . This study by James . V. Gardner et al. of the Center for Coastal & Ocean Mapping - Joint Hydrographic Center ( CCOM \/ JHC ) , Chase Ocean Engineering Laboratory of the University of New Hampshire splits the measurement attempt history into three main groups : early single - beam echo sounders ( 1950s - 1970 's ) , early multibeam echo sounders ( 1980s - 21st century ) , and modern ( i.e. , post-GPS , high - resolution ) multibeam echo sounders . Taking uncertainties in depth measurements and position estimation into account the raw data of the 2010 bathymetry of the Challenger Deep vicinity consisting of 2,051,371 soundings from eight survey lines was analyzed . The study concludes that with the best of 2010 multibeam echosounder technologies after the analysis a depth uncertainty of \u00b1 25 m ( 82 ft ) ( 95 % confidence level ) on 9 degrees of freedom and a positional uncertainty of \u00b1 20 to 25 m ( 66 to 82 ft ) ( 2drms ) remain and the location of the deepest depth recorded in the 2010 mapping is 10,984 m ( 36,037 ft ) at 11 \u00b0 19 \u2032 48 '' N 142 \u00b0 11 \u2032 57 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 11.329903 \u00b0 N 142.199305 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 11.329903 ; 142.199305 . The depth measurement uncertainty is a composite of measured uncertainties in the spatial variations in sound - speed through the water volume , the ray - tracing and bottom - detection algorithms of the multibeam system , the accuracies and calibration of the motion sensor and navigation systems , estimates of spherical spreading , attenuation throughout the water volume , and so forth .","sentences":["In 2014 , a study was conducted regarding the determination of the depth and location of the Challenger Deep based on data collected previous to and during the 2010 sonar mapping of the Mariana Trench with a Kongsberg Maritime EM 122 multibeam echosounder system aboard the USNS Sumner ( T - AGS - 61 ) .","This study by James .","V. Gardner et al. of the Center for Coastal & Ocean Mapping - Joint Hydrographic Center ( CCOM \/ JHC ) , Chase Ocean Engineering Laboratory of the University of New Hampshire splits the measurement attempt history into three main groups : early single - beam echo sounders ( 1950s - 1970 's ) , early multibeam echo sounders ( 1980s - 21st century ) , and modern ( i.e. , post-GPS , high - resolution ) multibeam echo sounders .","Taking uncertainties in depth measurements and position estimation into account the raw data of the 2010 bathymetry of the Challenger Deep vicinity consisting of 2,051,371 soundings from eight survey lines was analyzed .","The study concludes that with the best of 2010 multibeam echosounder technologies after the analysis a depth uncertainty of \u00b1 25 m ( 82 ft ) ( 95 % confidence level ) on 9 degrees of freedom and a positional uncertainty of \u00b1 20 to 25 m ( 66 to 82 ft ) ( 2drms ) remain and the location of the deepest depth recorded in the 2010 mapping is 10,984 m ( 36,037 ft ) at 11 \u00b0 19 \u2032 48 '' N 142 \u00b0 11","\u2032 57 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 11.329903 \u00b0 N 142.199305 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 11.329903 ; 142.199305 .","The depth measurement uncertainty is a composite of measured uncertainties in the spatial variations in sound - speed through the water volume , the ray - tracing and bottom - detection algorithms of the multibeam system , the accuracies and calibration of the motion sensor and navigation systems , estimates of spherical spreading , attenuation throughout the water volume , and so forth ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5857947445081883651","input":"who settled the area that eventually became known as new york","passages":[{"title":"History of New York (state)","text":"The first peoples of New York are estimated to have arrived around 10,000 BC . Around 800 AD , Iroquois ancestors moved into the area from the Appalachian region . The people of the Point Peninsula Complex were the predecessors of the Algonquian peoples of New York . By around 1100 , the distinct Iroquoian - speaking and Algonquian - speaking cultures that would eventually be encountered by Europeans had developed . The five nations of the Iroquois League developed a powerful confederacy about the 15th century that controlled territory throughout present - day New York , into Pennsylvania around the Great Lakes . For centuries , the Mohawk cultivated maize fields in the lowlands of the Mohawk River , which were later taken over by Dutch settlers at Schenectady , New York when they bought this territory . The Iroquois nations to the west also had well - cultivated areas and orchards .","sentences":["The first peoples of New York are estimated to have arrived around 10,000 BC .","Around 800 AD , Iroquois ancestors moved into the area from the Appalachian region .","The people of the Point Peninsula Complex were the predecessors of the Algonquian peoples of New York .","By around 1100 , the distinct Iroquoian - speaking and Algonquian - speaking cultures that would eventually be encountered by Europeans had developed .","The five nations of the Iroquois League developed a powerful confederacy about the 15th century that controlled territory throughout present - day New York , into Pennsylvania around the Great Lakes .","For centuries , the Mohawk cultivated maize fields in the lowlands of the Mohawk River , which were later taken over by Dutch settlers at Schenectady , New York when they bought this territory .","The Iroquois nations to the west also had well - cultivated areas and orchards ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4743916040723377726","input":"how did world war ii represent new technology how did this technology affect the outcome of the war","passages":[{"title":"Technology during World War II","text":"The German U-boats were used primarily for stopping \/ destroying the resources from the United States and Canada coming across the Atlantic . Submarines were critical in the Pacific Ocean as well as in the Atlantic Ocean . Advances in submarine technology included the snorkel . Japanese defenses against Allied submarines were ineffective . Much of the merchant fleet of the Empire of Japan , needed to supply its scattered forces and bring supplies such as petroleum and food back to the Japanese Archipelago , was sunk . Among the warships sunk by submarines was the war 's largest aircraft carrier , the Shinano .","sentences":["The German U-boats were used primarily for stopping \/ destroying the resources from the United States and Canada coming across the Atlantic .","Submarines were critical in the Pacific Ocean as well as in the Atlantic Ocean .","Advances in submarine technology included the snorkel .","Japanese defenses against Allied submarines were ineffective .","Much of the merchant fleet of the Empire of Japan , needed to supply its scattered forces and bring supplies such as petroleum and food back to the Japanese Archipelago , was sunk .","Among the warships sunk by submarines was the war 's largest aircraft carrier , the Shinano ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7247725561359076624","input":"where do the coins in a parking meter go","passages":[{"title":"Parking meter","text":"Other advances with parking meters include vehicle detection technology , which allows the pay by space meters to know when there is a car parked in a space . This opens the door for benefits for parking managers , including providing way - finding ( directing drivers to unoccupied spaces via the web or via street signs ) , enabling remote violation detection , and gathering vital statistics about parking supply and demand . Some meters allow payment for additional time by phone , and notify drivers when they are about to expire . Parking meters in Santa Monica use vehicle detectors to prevent drivers from `` feeding the meter '' indefinitely , and to delete remaining time when a car departs so the next car can not take any time without paying . Meters in Madrid give discounted and free parking to drivers of hybrid and electric vehicles , respectively . Drivers can reserve meters spots in Los Angeles by cellphone .","sentences":["Other advances with parking meters include vehicle detection technology , which allows the pay by space meters to know when there is a car parked in a space .","This opens the door for benefits for parking managers , including providing way - finding ( directing drivers to unoccupied spaces via the web or via street signs ) , enabling remote violation detection , and gathering vital statistics about parking supply and demand .","Some meters allow payment for additional time by phone , and notify drivers when they are about to expire .","Parking meters in Santa Monica use vehicle detectors to prevent drivers from `` feeding the meter '' indefinitely , and to delete remaining time when a car departs so the next car can not take any time without paying .","Meters in Madrid give discounted and free parking to drivers of hybrid and electric vehicles , respectively .","Drivers can reserve meters spots in Los Angeles by cellphone ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7332017552781815496","input":"what happened to braxton family values season 6","passages":[{"title":"Braxton Family Values (season 6)","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Original air date US viewers ( millions ) 116 `` The Duchess & the Divorce '' March 22 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 22 ) 0.92 The Braxtons are stunned by news of Tamar 's divorce filing . Traci reveals her shocking secret . The sisters finally confront Tamar who storms out . 117 `` Allegedly '' March 29 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 29 ) 0.79 Toni returns to the studio with her beau , Birdman . Tamar goes into hiding after Miss Evelyn speaks to the press about her volatile relationship with Vince . An unexpected visitor crashes Trina and Traci 's epic party bus to Las Vegas . 118 `` Living Legend '' April 5 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 05 ) 0.89 Tamar is in hiding and may miss Toni 's 50th birthday . Toni is stunned by a shocking party foul . Traci pressures her son over baby news . Tamar performs . Toni receives the Soul Train Legend Award . 119 `` Law & Order '' April 12 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 12 ) 0.83 Towanda 's decision to take legal action could tear the Braxton family apart . Toni has a shocking announcement . Towanda 's ex blasts her on social media . Trina reveals a secret . Traci fears Kevin is not ready to be a dad and puts him in baby boot camp . 120 5 `` Do n't Rock the Boat '' April 19 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 19 ) 0.85 Toni shoots her music video . Traci gets snubbed by Tamar on her movie set , and , when the sisters find out , they 're taken aback . The sisters have bad news for Toni . Trina buys a pricey item . Tamar helps plan Mommy 's birthday , but she may not show up . 121 6 `` Braxtons Under Fire '' April 26 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 26 ) 0.87 The sisters are stunned when an unexpected guest shows up at Mommy 's birthday party . Toni invites the girls on the set of her movie , and they 're shocked by her transformation . Traci reveals the gender of her grandbaby . 122 7 `` Plus One , Plus Drama '' May 3 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 03 ) 0.81 Toni finally shares she 's engaged with the sisters , but it quickly escalates into sibling rivalry over who 's planning the wedding . Traci starts to plan her son 's baby shower , but fears the worst when her father asks for an invitation for his wife . 123 8 `` Shattered Dreams '' May 10 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 10 ) 0.86 Tamar and Towanda take over Toni 's wedding planning . Traci celebrates her son 's baby shower , but her joy is cut short when she receives devastating news about her upcoming tour with her sisters and fears they are to blame . 124 9 `` Toni - Zilla '' August 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 08 - 16 ) TBD 125 10 `` Sister Shutdown '' August 23 , 2018 ( 2018 - 08 - 23 ) TBD Family tension rises . Toni demands an apology . The Braxton sisters shock all by refusing to show up for work . All communication stops and production shuts down , putting the show 's future in jeopardy .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Original air date US viewers ( millions )","116 `` The Duchess & the Divorce ''","March 22 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 22 ) 0.92","The Braxtons are stunned by news of Tamar 's divorce filing .","Traci reveals her shocking secret .","The sisters finally confront Tamar who storms out .","117 `` Allegedly '' March 29 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 29 ) 0.79","Toni returns to the studio with her beau , Birdman .","Tamar goes into hiding after Miss Evelyn speaks to the press about her volatile relationship with Vince .","An unexpected visitor crashes Trina and Traci 's epic party bus to Las Vegas .","118 `` Living Legend ''","April 5 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 05 ) 0.89","Tamar is in hiding and may miss Toni 's 50th birthday .","Toni is stunned by a shocking party foul .","Traci pressures her son over baby news .","Tamar performs .","Toni receives the Soul Train Legend Award .","119 `` Law & Order '' April 12 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 12 ) 0.83","Towanda 's decision to take legal action could tear the Braxton family apart .","Toni has a shocking announcement .","Towanda 's ex blasts her on social media .","Trina reveals a secret .","Traci fears Kevin is not ready to be a dad and puts him in baby boot camp .","120 5 `` Do n't Rock the Boat '' April 19 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 19 ) 0.85","Toni shoots her music video .","Traci gets snubbed by Tamar on her movie set , and , when the sisters find out , they 're taken aback .","The sisters have bad news for Toni .","Trina buys a pricey item .","Tamar helps plan Mommy 's birthday , but she may not show up .","121 6 `` Braxtons Under Fire ''","April 26 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 26 ) 0.87","The sisters are stunned when an unexpected guest shows up at Mommy 's birthday party .","Toni invites the girls on the set of her movie , and they 're shocked by her transformation .","Traci reveals the gender of her grandbaby .","122 7 `` Plus One , Plus Drama '' May 3 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 03 ) 0.81","Toni finally shares she 's engaged with the sisters , but it quickly escalates into sibling rivalry over who 's planning the wedding .","Traci starts to plan her son 's baby shower , but fears the worst when her father asks for an invitation for his wife .","123 8 `` Shattered Dreams '' May 10 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 10 ) 0.86 Tamar and Towanda take over Toni 's wedding planning .","Traci celebrates her son 's baby shower , but her joy is cut short when she receives devastating news about her upcoming tour with her sisters and fears they are to blame .","124 9 `` Toni - Zilla ''","August 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 08 - 16 ) TBD 125 10 `` Sister Shutdown '' August 23 , 2018 ( 2018 - 08 - 23 ) TBD Family tension rises .","Toni demands an apology .","The Braxton sisters shock all by refusing to show up for work .","All communication stops and production shuts down , putting the show 's future in jeopardy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4947127951967046559","input":"the big bang theory - season 4 ep. 8","passages":[{"title":"The Big Bang Theory (season 8)","text":"Sheldon meets the middle - aged Dr. Lorvis who tracked down a flirty pharmaceutical sales rep , Penny . Leonard explains to him that Penny is his fianc\u00e9e , so he walks away looking sad . Sheldon invites him inside for a hot beverage . He is a celebrity urinary specialist with a huge memorabilia collection which he invites the men to see . After Sheldon teases that the Penny - Leonard relationship is doomed to fail , Dr. Lorvis locks them in his basement to go after Penny again . He falls for Amy and then Bernadette . Penny explains to him that he is acting creepy , and can not chase every woman that is nice to him . The women march him back to let the men out , who are too busy playing Donkey Kong to notice . Earlier Bernadette tells the girls that she has been picked as one of the fifty most beautiful scientists for an article in a magazine . The magazine cancels the article because Amy wrote an email of complaint about the article since they would not have written about handsome male scientists and are objectifying women . Bernadette claims Amy is jealous because she can not express her sexuality . Bernadette returns to apologize when she gets hit on by Dr. Lorvis . Title","sentences":["Sheldon meets the middle - aged Dr. Lorvis who tracked down a flirty pharmaceutical sales rep , Penny .","Leonard explains to him that Penny is his fianc\u00e9e , so he walks away looking sad .","Sheldon invites him inside for a hot beverage .","He is a celebrity urinary specialist with a huge memorabilia collection which he invites the men to see .","After Sheldon teases that the Penny - Leonard relationship is doomed to fail , Dr. Lorvis locks them in his basement to go after Penny again .","He falls for Amy and then Bernadette .","Penny explains to him that he is acting creepy , and can not chase every woman that is nice to him .","The women march him back to let the men out , who are too busy playing Donkey Kong to notice .","Earlier Bernadette tells the girls that she has been picked as one of the fifty most beautiful scientists for an article in a magazine .","The magazine cancels the article because Amy wrote an email of complaint about the article since they would not have written about handsome male scientists and are objectifying women .","Bernadette claims Amy is jealous because she can not express her sexuality .","Bernadette returns to apologize when she gets hit on by Dr. Lorvis .","Title"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5088520705193685479","input":"what is the desolation in god of war","passages":[{"title":"God of War (2018 video game)","text":"While the first seven games were loosely based on Greek mythology , this installment takes the series to Norse mythology , but predates the Vikings . Six of the nine realms of Norse mythology can be explored . The majority of the game takes place in the realm of Midgard , inhabited by humans and other creatures and is the same realm that the Greek world had existed in . As more creatures began appearing , many humans fled . Other realms visited as part of the story include Alfheim , the mystical home of the light and dark elves , Helheim , the icy land of the dead , and J\u00f6tunheim , the mountainous land of the giants . Other explorable realms include Niflheim , a realm of poisonous fog with a maze - like structure of rewards , and the fire realm Muspelheim , featuring the six Trials of Muspelheim ; completing each trial grants rewards and advances Kratos and Atreus closer to the top of a large volcano . Access to the other three realms -- Asgard , home of the \u00c6sir gods , Vanaheim , home of the Vanir gods , and Svartalfheim , home of the dwarves -- have been blocked by the ruler of Asgard and the \u00c6sir gods , Odin . At the center of the realms is the mythical tree Yggdrasil , which connects each realm together . Although each realm is a different world , they simultaneously exist in the same space . Travel to and from realms can be done by the use of the Bifr\u00f6st from a root of Yggdrasil contained within a temple located at the center of the Lake of the Nine . The temple was created by the now dead T\u00fdr , a peaceful God of War who had traveled to other lands and learned about their mythologies ; Odin had him killed as he believed T\u00fdr was secretly aiding the giants and would try to overthrow him .","sentences":["While the first seven games were loosely based on Greek mythology , this installment takes the series to Norse mythology , but predates the Vikings .","Six of the nine realms of Norse mythology can be explored .","The majority of the game takes place in the realm of Midgard , inhabited by humans and other creatures and is the same realm that the Greek world had existed in .","As more creatures began appearing , many humans fled .","Other realms visited as part of the story include Alfheim , the mystical home of the light and dark elves , Helheim , the icy land of the dead , and J\u00f6tunheim , the mountainous land of the giants .","Other explorable realms include Niflheim , a realm of poisonous fog with a maze - like structure of rewards , and the fire realm Muspelheim , featuring the six Trials of Muspelheim ; completing each trial grants rewards and advances Kratos and Atreus closer to the top of a large volcano .","Access to the other three realms -- Asgard , home of the \u00c6sir gods , Vanaheim , home of the Vanir gods , and Svartalfheim , home of the dwarves -- have been blocked by the ruler of Asgard and the \u00c6sir gods , Odin .","At the center of the realms is the mythical tree Yggdrasil , which connects each realm together .","Although each realm is a different world , they simultaneously exist in the same space .","Travel to and from realms can be done by the use of the Bifr\u00f6st from a root of Yggdrasil contained within a temple located at the center of the Lake of the Nine .","The temple was created by the now dead T\u00fdr , a peaceful God of War who had traveled to other lands and learned about their mythologies ; Odin had him killed as he believed T\u00fdr was secretly aiding the giants and would try to overthrow him ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1976440487466818488","input":"where is the milky way galaxy located in the universe","passages":[{"title":"Earth's location in the Universe","text":"Since there is believed to be no `` center '' or `` edge '' of the Universe , there is no particular reference point with which to plot the overall location of the Earth in the universe . Because the observable universe is defined as that region of the Universe visible to terrestrial observers , Earth is , by definition , the center of Earth 's observable universe . Reference can be made to the Earth 's position with respect to specific structures , which exist at various scales . It is still undetermined whether the Universe is infinite . There have been numerous hypotheses that our universe may be only one such example within a higher multiverse ; however , no direct evidence of any sort of multiverse has ever been observed , and some have argued that the hypothesis is not falsifiable . A","sentences":["Since there is believed to be no `` center '' or `` edge '' of the Universe , there is no particular reference point with which to plot the overall location of the Earth in the universe .","Because the observable universe is defined as that region of the Universe visible to terrestrial observers , Earth is , by definition , the center of Earth 's observable universe .","Reference can be made to the Earth 's position with respect to specific structures , which exist at various scales .","It is still undetermined whether the Universe is infinite .","There have been numerous hypotheses that our universe may be only one such example within a higher multiverse ; however , no direct evidence of any sort of multiverse has ever been observed , and some have argued that the hypothesis is not falsifiable .","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3150849496990908557","input":"when did hurricane isaac hit new orleans louisiana","passages":[{"title":"Hurricane Isaac (2012)","text":"A 8.3 - foot ( 2.5 m ) storm surge was reported in Hancock County on August 28 . Wind gusts reached 70 mph ( 110 km \/ h ) in Gulfport . Three adults and one infant in Mississippi were rescued overnight from a houseboat . There are about 2,132 evacuees housed in 31 shelters across the state and about 4,000 homes were without power as of 5 : 30 a.m. CT . A man was crushed in the cab of his tow truck in Picayune , Mississippi after a tree fell on it , while he was on a call to assist a stranded motorist . A 62 - year - old woman died in similar circumstances on August 30 . The National Weather Service reported that 17.04 inches ( 43.28 cm ) of rain had fallen at Kiln , Mississippi through 7 : 00 PM CDT on August 30 ; 10.85 inches ( 27.56 cm ) was recorded at Gulfport . The excessive rain from Isaac also eroded the Lake Tangipahoa Dam at Percy Quin State Park , causing it to nearly break and flood the already - high Tangipahoa River . Alabama","sentences":["A 8.3 - foot ( 2.5 m ) storm surge was reported in Hancock County on August 28 .","Wind gusts reached 70 mph ( 110 km \/ h ) in Gulfport .","Three adults and one infant in Mississippi were rescued overnight from a houseboat .","There are about 2,132 evacuees housed in 31 shelters across the state and about 4,000 homes were without power as of 5 : 30 a.m. CT .","A man was crushed in the cab of his tow truck in Picayune , Mississippi after a tree fell on it , while he was on a call to assist a stranded motorist .","A 62 - year - old woman died in similar circumstances on August 30 .","The National Weather Service reported that 17.04 inches ( 43.28 cm ) of rain had fallen at Kiln , Mississippi through 7 : 00 PM CDT on August 30 ; 10.85 inches ( 27.56 cm ) was recorded at Gulfport .","The excessive rain from Isaac also eroded the Lake Tangipahoa Dam at Percy Quin State Park , causing it to nearly break and flood the already - high Tangipahoa River .","Alabama"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3023292884074148601","input":"what is the meaning of lexicographically in java","passages":[{"title":"Lexicographical order","text":"( 0 , 0 , 2 ) < ( 0 , 1 , 1 ) < ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) < ( 0 , 2 , 0 ) < ( 1 , 1 , 0 ) < ( 2 , 0 , 0 ) ( \\ displaystyle ( 0 , 0 , 2 ) < ( 0 , 1 , 1 ) < ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) < ( 0 , 2 , 0 ) < ( 1 , 1 , 0 ) < ( 2 , 0 , 0 ) )","sentences":["( 0 , 0 , 2 ) <","( 0 , 1 , 1 ) <","( 1 , 0 , 1 ) <","( 0 , 2 , 0 ) <","( 1 , 1 , 0 ) <","( 2 , 0 , 0 )","( \\ displaystyle ( 0 , 0 , 2 ) < ( 0 , 1 , 1 ) < ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) < ( 0 , 2 , 0 ) <","( 1 , 1 , 0 ) <","( 2 , 0 , 0 ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7531474291220643079","input":"why did the usa develop a policy of containment after 1945","passages":[{"title":"Containment","text":"Truman , under the guidance of Acheson , followed up his speech with a series of measures to contain Soviet influence in Europe , including the Marshall Plan , or European Recovery Program , and NATO , a 1949 military alliance between the U.S. and Western European nations . Because containment required detailed information about Communist moves , the government relied increasingly on the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) . Established by the National Security Act of 1947 , the CIA conducted espionage in foreign lands , some of it visible , more of it secret . Truman approved a classified statement of containment policy called NSC 20 \/ 4 in November 1948 , the first comprehensive statement of security policy ever created by the United States . The Soviet Union 's first nuclear test in 1949 prompted the National Security Council to formulate a revised security doctrine . Completed in April 1950 , it became known as NSC 68 . It concluded that a massive military buildup was necessary to deal with the Soviet threat . According to the report , drafted by Paul Nitze and others :","sentences":["Truman , under the guidance of Acheson , followed up his speech with a series of measures to contain Soviet influence in Europe , including the Marshall Plan , or European Recovery Program , and NATO , a 1949 military alliance between the U.S. and Western European nations .","Because containment required detailed information about Communist moves , the government relied increasingly on the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) .","Established by the National Security Act of 1947 , the CIA conducted espionage in foreign lands , some of it visible , more of it secret .","Truman approved a classified statement of containment policy called NSC 20 \/ 4 in November 1948 , the first comprehensive statement of security policy ever created by the United States .","The Soviet Union 's first nuclear test in 1949 prompted the National Security Council to formulate a revised security doctrine .","Completed in April 1950 , it became known as NSC 68 .","It concluded that a massive military buildup was necessary to deal with the Soviet threat .","According to the report , drafted by Paul Nitze and others :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1399483151319045476","input":"where does the conscious awareness of sound begin","passages":[{"title":"Consciousness","text":"A related word was conscientia , which primarily means moral conscience . In the literal sense , `` conscientia '' means knowledge - with , that is , shared knowledge . The word first appears in Latin juridical texts by writers such as Cicero . Here , conscientia is the knowledge that a witness has of the deed of someone else . Ren\u00e9 Descartes ( 1596 -- 1650 ) is generally taken to be the first philosopher to use conscientia in a way that does not fit this traditional meaning . Descartes used conscientia the way modern speakers would use `` conscience '' . In Search after Truth ( Regul\u00e6 ad directionem ingenii ut et inquisitio veritatis per lumen naturale , Amsterdam 1701 ) he says `` conscience or internal testimony '' ( conscienti\u00e2 , vel interno testimonio ) .","sentences":["A related word was conscientia , which primarily means moral conscience .","In the literal sense , `` conscientia '' means knowledge - with , that is , shared knowledge .","The word first appears in Latin juridical texts by writers such as Cicero .","Here , conscientia is the knowledge that a witness has of the deed of someone else .","Ren\u00e9 Descartes ( 1596 -- 1650 ) is generally taken to be the first philosopher to use conscientia in a way that does not fit this traditional meaning .","Descartes used conscientia the way modern speakers would use `` conscience '' .","In Search after Truth ( Regul\u00e6 ad directionem ingenii ut et inquisitio veritatis per lumen naturale , Amsterdam 1701 )","he says `` conscience or internal testimony '' ( conscienti\u00e2 , vel interno testimonio ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3587800936456224026","input":"what takes place between scout and uncle jack","passages":[{"title":"List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters","text":"Calpurnia , nicknamed Cal , is the Finch family 's African - American housekeeper , whom the children love and Atticus deeply respects ( he remarks in her defense that she `` never indulged ( the children ) like most colored nurses '' ) . She is highly regarded by Atticus . She is an important figure in Scout 's life , providing discipline , instruction , and love . She also fills the maternal role for the children after their mother 's death . Calpurnia is a mother herself and raised her son , Zeebo , to adulthood . Calpurnia is one of the few black characters in the novel who is able to read and write , and it is she who taught Scout to write . She learned how to read from Miss Maudie 's aunt , Miss Buford , who taught her how to read out of Blackstone 's Commentaries , a book given to her . Aunt Alexandra despised Calpurnia because Alexandra believed that Calpurnia was not a `` maternal figure '' for Jem and Scout , especially for Scout .","sentences":["Calpurnia , nicknamed Cal , is the Finch family 's African - American housekeeper , whom the children love and Atticus deeply respects ( he remarks in her defense that she `` never indulged ( the children ) like most colored nurses '' ) .","She is highly regarded by Atticus .","She is an important figure in Scout 's life , providing discipline , instruction , and love .","She also fills the maternal role for the children after their mother 's death .","Calpurnia is a mother herself and raised her son , Zeebo , to adulthood .","Calpurnia is one of the few black characters in the novel who is able to read and write , and it is she who taught Scout to write .","She learned how to read from Miss Maudie 's aunt , Miss Buford , who taught her how to read out of Blackstone 's Commentaries , a book given to her .","Aunt Alexandra despised Calpurnia because Alexandra believed that Calpurnia was not a `` maternal figure '' for Jem and Scout , especially for Scout ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4614468562763446361","input":"how many teams make the playoffs in mlb","passages":[{"title":"Major League Baseball wild card","text":"A `` wild card '' rule was used in the 1981 season after a players ' strike wiped out the `` middle third '' of the season . The owners decided that the winners ( in each division ) of either `` half '' of the abbreviated season would make playoffs , with the caveat that if the same team won both halves then the team from the division with the second - best record from the second half would enter the playoffs as a wild card . However , the wild - card rule was not actually used since all four divisions had different first half and second - half winners . As a result of the hastily contrived format , the Cincinnati Reds finished the regular season with the best record in all of baseball ( 66 - 42 . 611 ) but failed to qualify for the playoffs because they finished 0.5 game behind the Dodgers in the first half and 1.5 games behind the Astros in the second half . The Astros finished 8 games back in the first half and the Dodgers 6 back in the second .","sentences":["A `` wild card '' rule was used in the 1981 season after a players ' strike wiped out the `` middle third '' of the season .","The owners decided that the winners ( in each division ) of either `` half '' of the abbreviated season would make playoffs , with the caveat that if the same team won both halves then the team from the division with the second - best record from the second half would enter the playoffs as a wild card .","However , the wild - card rule was not actually used since all four divisions had different first half and second - half winners .","As a result of the hastily contrived format , the Cincinnati Reds finished the regular season with the best record in all of baseball ( 66 - 42 .","611 ) but failed to qualify for the playoffs because they finished 0.5 game behind the Dodgers in the first half and 1.5 games behind the Astros in the second half .","The Astros finished 8 games back in the first half and the Dodgers 6 back in the second ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4547840083851915042","input":"when did driver's license start having pictures","passages":[{"title":"Driver's licenses in the United States","text":"Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security , Driver License Services Yes , see notes . 15 years 16 years 17 years 7000500000000000000 \u2660 8 years Learner must have permit for six months and log 50 hours of practice driving . No driving from 11 p.m. to 4 a.m. or more than one passenger for one year or until reaching age 18 , whichever is sooner . Note : In Tennessee , to obtain a hardship license for a minor , called a Class H license , if the minor is aged 14 or 15 , the minor can operate a Class D passenger vehicle or Class M motorcycle ( limited to 125 cc ) or both ; the minor must pass a vision screening , knowledge test , and road test to operate a Class D passenger vehicle ; take the Class M knowledge and driving test in addition to the Class D knowledge test to drive a Class M vehicle ; be limited to daylight hours only ( 5 am to 7 pm , no exceptions ) and authorized locations only within a 25 - mile radius from the minor 's residence , as specified in the Department of Safety ( DOS ) letter . If the minor who has a Class H license is aged 15 , the minor is treated the same as a Class PD ( learners permit ) license who drives with a licensed driver 21 years or older who sits in the front passenger seat . A Class H license will expire on the minor 's 16th birthday . More information can be found at and the form for application for a hardship license is located at .","sentences":["Tennessee Department of Safety and Homeland Security , Driver License Services","Yes , see notes .","15 years 16 years 17 years 7000500000000000000 \u2660 8 years Learner must have permit for six months and log 50 hours of practice driving .","No driving from 11 p.m. to 4 a.m. or more than one passenger for one year or until reaching age 18 , whichever is sooner .","Note : In Tennessee , to obtain a hardship license for a minor , called a Class H license , if the minor is aged 14 or 15 , the minor can operate a Class D passenger vehicle or Class M motorcycle ( limited to 125 cc ) or both ; the minor must pass a vision screening , knowledge test , and road test to operate a Class D passenger vehicle ; take the Class M knowledge and driving test in addition to the Class D knowledge test to drive a Class M vehicle ; be limited to daylight hours only ( 5 am to 7 pm , no exceptions ) and authorized locations only within a 25 - mile radius from the minor 's residence , as specified in the Department of Safety ( DOS ) letter .","If the minor who has a Class H license is aged 15 , the minor is treated the same as a Class PD ( learners permit ) license who drives with a licensed driver 21 years or older who sits in the front passenger seat .","A Class H license will expire on the minor 's 16th birthday .","More information can be found at and the form for application for a hardship license is located at ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4236007942346240619","input":"what does singer mean by the sysyphus problem","passages":[{"title":"Descriptive psychology","text":"`` The central theses comprising the present theory are the following : ( 1 ) Sexually compulsive individuals are obsessed with the enactment of certain preferred sexual scenarios . ( 2 ) These preferred scenarios have their origins in early experiences of degradation , and represent attempts to recover from this degradation . They embody interpersonal transactions that , were they to occur in reality , would ( or so persons envision ) lift them from their degraded positions among other persons to new and more viable ones , and in so doing convey personal redemption and recovery . ( 3 ) These scenarios function as impossible standards against which compulsive individuals measure their actual relationships , activities , and achievements , with the result that the latter are found not to measure up and thus not to satisfy them . ( 4 ) Finally , these recovery attempts are unsuccessful . While momentarily gratifying , they do not in fact bring about recovery , and typically leave their enactors feeling more degraded than before . Thus , they engender ever greater needs to reenact the preferred sexual scenario in the future , and set up a compulsive cycle . ''","sentences":["`` The central theses comprising the present theory are the following : ( 1 ) Sexually compulsive individuals are obsessed with the enactment of certain preferred sexual scenarios .","( 2 )","These preferred scenarios have their origins in early experiences of degradation , and represent attempts to recover from this degradation .","They embody interpersonal transactions that , were they to occur in reality , would ( or so persons envision ) lift them from their degraded positions among other persons to new and more viable ones , and in so doing convey personal redemption and recovery .","( 3 ) These scenarios function as impossible standards against which compulsive individuals measure their actual relationships , activities , and achievements , with the result that the latter are found not to measure up and thus not to satisfy them .","( 4 ) Finally , these recovery attempts are unsuccessful .","While momentarily gratifying , they do not in fact bring about recovery , and typically leave their enactors feeling more degraded than before .","Thus , they engender ever greater needs to reenact the preferred sexual scenario in the future , and set up a compulsive cycle . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7668643698559096241","input":"what is the location and size of the current largest organism on earth","passages":[{"title":"Earth","text":"Originally , earth was written in lowercase , and from early Middle English , its definite sense as `` the globe '' was expressed as the earth . By early Modern English , many nouns were capitalized , and the earth became ( and often remained ) the Earth , particularly when referenced along with other heavenly bodies . More recently , the name is sometimes simply given as Earth , by analogy with the names of the other planets . House styles now vary : Oxford spelling recognizes the lowercase form as the most common , with the capitalized form an acceptable variant . Another convention capitalizes `` Earth '' when appearing as a name ( e.g. `` Earth 's atmosphere '' ) but writes it in lowercase when preceded by the ( e.g. `` the atmosphere of the earth '' ) . It almost always appears in lowercase in colloquial expressions such as `` what on earth are you doing ? ''","sentences":["Originally , earth was written in lowercase , and from early Middle English , its definite sense as `` the globe '' was expressed as the earth .","By early Modern English , many nouns were capitalized , and the earth became ( and often remained ) the Earth , particularly when referenced along with other heavenly bodies .","More recently , the name is sometimes simply given as Earth , by analogy with the names of the other planets .","House styles now vary : Oxford spelling recognizes the lowercase form as the most common , with the capitalized form an acceptable variant .","Another convention capitalizes `` Earth '' when appearing as a name ( e.g. `` Earth 's atmosphere '' ) but writes it in lowercase when preceded by the ( e.g. `` the atmosphere of the earth '' ) .","It almost always appears in lowercase in colloquial expressions such as `` what on earth are you doing ? ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6649227712614898861","input":"where did the adventures of huckleberry finn take place","passages":[{"title":"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn","text":"In the next town , the two swindlers then impersonate brothers of Peter Wilks , a recently deceased man of property . To match accounts of Wilks 's brothers , the king attempts an English accent and the duke pretends to be a deaf - mute while starting to collect Wilks 's inheritance . Huck decides that Wilks 's three orphaned nieces , who treat Huck with kindness , do not deserve to be cheated thus and so he tries to retrieve for them the stolen inheritance . In a desperate moment , Huck is forced to hide the money in Wilks 's coffin , which is abruptly buried the next morning . The arrival of two new men who seem to be the real brothers throws everything into confusion , so that the townspeople decide to dig up the coffin in order to determine which are the true brothers , but , with everyone else distracted , Huck leaves for the raft , hoping to never see the duke and king again . Suddenly , though , the two villains return , much to Huck 's despair . When Huck is finally able to get away a second time , he finds to his horror that the swindlers have sold Jim away to a family that intends to return him to his proper owner for the reward . Defying his conscience and accepting the negative religious consequences he expects for his actions -- `` All right , then , I 'll go to hell ! '' -- Huck resolves to free Jim once and for all .","sentences":["In the next town , the two swindlers then impersonate brothers of Peter Wilks , a recently deceased man of property .","To match accounts of Wilks 's brothers , the king attempts an English accent and the duke pretends to be a deaf - mute while starting to collect Wilks 's inheritance .","Huck decides that Wilks 's three orphaned nieces , who treat Huck with kindness , do not deserve to be cheated thus and so he tries to retrieve for them the stolen inheritance .","In a desperate moment , Huck is forced to hide the money in Wilks 's coffin , which is abruptly buried the next morning .","The arrival of two new men who seem to be the real brothers throws everything into confusion , so that the townspeople decide to dig up the coffin in order to determine which are the true brothers , but , with everyone else distracted , Huck leaves for the raft , hoping to never see the duke and king again .","Suddenly , though , the two villains return , much to Huck 's despair .","When Huck is finally able to get away a second time , he finds to his horror that the swindlers have sold Jim away to a family that intends to return him to his proper owner for the reward .","Defying his conscience and accepting the negative religious consequences he expects for his actions -- `` All right , then , I 'll go to hell ! ''","-- Huck resolves to free Jim once and for all ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7135753806440864350","input":"where does the copper come from that ends up on the nickel strip","passages":[{"title":"Copper in architecture","text":"A shield can be effective against one type of electromagnetic field but not against another . For example , a copper foil or screen RF shield will be minimally effective against power frequency magnetic fields . A power frequency magnetic shield could offer little reduction of radio frequency fields . The same is true for different RF frequencies . A simple large - mesh screen shield can work well for lower frequencies , but can be ineffective for microwaves . Copper","sentences":["A shield can be effective against one type of electromagnetic field but not against another .","For example , a copper foil or screen RF shield will be minimally effective against power frequency magnetic fields .","A power frequency magnetic shield could offer little reduction of radio frequency fields .","The same is true for different RF frequencies .","A simple large - mesh screen shield can work well for lower frequencies , but can be ineffective for microwaves .","Copper"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2096203655536690052","input":"what was the premise of world war 1","passages":[{"title":"World War I","text":"The ethnic cleansing of the Ottoman Empire 's Armenian population , including mass deportations and executions , during the final years of the Ottoman Empire is considered genocide . The Ottomans carried out organized and systematic massacres of the Armenian population at the beginning of the war and portrayed deliberately provoked acts of Armenian resistance as rebellions to justify further extermination . In early 1915 , a number of Armenians volunteered to join the Russian forces and the Ottoman government used this as a pretext to issue the Tehcir Law ( Law on Deportation ) , which authorized the deportation of Armenians from the Empire 's eastern provinces to Syria between 1915 and 1918 . The Armenians were intentionally marched to death and a number were attacked by Ottoman brigands . While an exact number of deaths is unknown , the International Association of Genocide Scholars estimates 1.5 million . The government of Turkey has consistently denied the genocide , arguing that those who died were victims of inter-ethnic fighting , famine , or disease during World War I ; these claims are rejected by most historians . Other ethnic groups were similarly attacked by the Ottoman Empire during this period , including Assyrians and Greeks , and some scholars consider those events to be part of the same policy of extermination . Russian","sentences":["The ethnic cleansing of the Ottoman Empire 's Armenian population , including mass deportations and executions , during the final years of the Ottoman Empire is considered genocide .","The Ottomans carried out organized and systematic massacres of the Armenian population at the beginning of the war and portrayed deliberately provoked acts of Armenian resistance as rebellions to justify further extermination .","In early 1915 , a number of Armenians volunteered to join the Russian forces and the Ottoman government used this as a pretext to issue the Tehcir Law ( Law on Deportation ) , which authorized the deportation of Armenians from the Empire 's eastern provinces to Syria between 1915 and 1918 .","The Armenians were intentionally marched to death and a number were attacked by Ottoman brigands .","While an exact number of deaths is unknown , the International Association of Genocide Scholars estimates 1.5 million .","The government of Turkey has consistently denied the genocide , arguing that those who died were victims of inter-ethnic fighting , famine , or disease during World War I ; these claims are rejected by most historians .","Other ethnic groups were similarly attacked by the Ottoman Empire during this period , including Assyrians and Greeks , and some scholars consider those events to be part of the same policy of extermination .","Russian"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3530307870767210303","input":"what is a mui file in windows 7","passages":[{"title":"Multilingual User Interface","text":"Functionally , MUI packs for a certain product perform the same task as localized versions of those product , but with some key technical differences . While both localized versions of software and MUI versions display menus and dialogs in the targeted language , only localized versions have translated file and folder names . A localized version of Windows translates the base operating system , as well as all included programs , including file and folder names , objects names , strings in registry , and any other internal strings used by Windows into a particular language . Localized versions of Windows support upgrading from a previous localized version and user interface resources are completely localized , which is not the case for MUI versions of a product . MUI versions of a product do not contain translated administrative functions such as registry entries and items in Microsoft Management Console . The advantage of using MUIs over localized versions is each user on a computer could use a different language MUI without requiring different versions of software installed and dealing with the conflicts that could arise as a result . For example , using MUI technology , any version of Windows can host Windows applications in any other language .","sentences":["Functionally , MUI packs for a certain product perform the same task as localized versions of those product , but with some key technical differences .","While both localized versions of software and MUI versions display menus and dialogs in the targeted language , only localized versions have translated file and folder names .","A localized version of Windows translates the base operating system , as well as all included programs , including file and folder names , objects names , strings in registry , and any other internal strings used by Windows into a particular language .","Localized versions of Windows support upgrading from a previous localized version and user interface resources are completely localized , which is not the case for MUI versions of a product .","MUI versions of a product do not contain translated administrative functions such as registry entries and items in Microsoft Management Console .","The advantage of using MUIs over localized versions is each user on a computer could use a different language MUI without requiring different versions of software installed and dealing with the conflicts that could arise as a result .","For example , using MUI technology , any version of Windows can host Windows applications in any other language ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8405533812634594556","input":"who sings the song happy birthday to ya","passages":[{"title":"Eduard Khil","text":"Khil was born on 4 September 1934 in Smolensk to Anatoly Vasilievich Khil , a mechanic , and Yelena Pavlovna Kalugina , an accountant . Life as a child was hard for Khil . With his family breaking up , he was brought up by his mother . During the Great Patriotic War ( WWII Eastern Front ) , his kindergarten was bombed and he was separated from his mother and evacuated to Bekovo , Penza Oblast where he ended up in a children 's home , which lacked basic facilities and needs , including food . Despite the desperate situation , Khil regularly performed in front of wounded soldiers in the nearby hospital . He was reunited with his mother in 1943 when Smolensk was liberated from Nazi Germany and in 1949 moved to Leningrad , where he enrolled and then graduated from printing college . In 1955 , Khil enrolled in the Leningrad Conservatory , where he studied under direction of Yevgeny Olkhovsky and Zoya Lodyi . He graduated in 1960 . During his studies , he began performing various lead operatic roles , including Figaro in The Marriage of Figaro .","sentences":["Khil was born on 4 September 1934 in Smolensk to Anatoly Vasilievich Khil , a mechanic , and Yelena Pavlovna Kalugina , an accountant .","Life as a child was hard for Khil .","With his family breaking up , he was brought up by his mother .","During the Great Patriotic War ( WWII Eastern Front ) , his kindergarten was bombed and he was separated from his mother and evacuated to Bekovo , Penza Oblast where he ended up in a children 's home , which lacked basic facilities and needs , including food .","Despite the desperate situation , Khil regularly performed in front of wounded soldiers in the nearby hospital .","He was reunited with his mother in 1943 when Smolensk was liberated from Nazi Germany and in 1949 moved to Leningrad , where he enrolled and then graduated from printing college .","In 1955 , Khil enrolled in the Leningrad Conservatory , where he studied under direction of Yevgeny Olkhovsky and Zoya Lodyi .","He graduated in 1960 .","During his studies , he began performing various lead operatic roles , including Figaro in The Marriage of Figaro ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5268931082375394840","input":"who dies in the 7th harry potter book","passages":[{"title":"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows","text":"Due to its worldwide fame , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows has been translated into many languages . The first translation to be released was the Ukrainian translation , on 25 September 2007 ( as \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0440\u0456 \u041f\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0456 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0432\u0456\u0457 -- Harry Potter i smertel'ni relikviji ) . The Swedish title of the book was revealed by Rowling as Harry Potter and the Relics of Death ( Harry Potter och D\u00f6dsrelikerna ) , following a pre-release question from the Swedish publisher about the difficulty of translating the two words `` Deathly Hallows '' without having read the book . This is also the title used for the French translation ( Harry Potter et les reliques de la mort ) , the Spanish translation ( Harry Potter y las Reliquias de la Muerte ) , the Dutch translation ( Harry Potter en de Relieken van de Dood ) and the Brazilian Portuguese translation ( Harry Potter e as Rel\u00edquias da Morte ) . The first Polish translation was released with a new title : Harry Potter i Insygnia \u015amierci -- Harry Potter and the Insignia of Death . The Hindi translation Harry Potter aur Maut ke Tohfe ( \u0939\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u094c\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u094b\u0939\u092b\u0947 ) , which means `` Harry Potter and the Gifts of Death '' , was released by Manjul Publication in India on 27 June 2008 . The Romanian version was released on 1 December 2007 using the title ( Harry Potter \u0219i Talismanele Mor\u021bii ) .","sentences":["Due to its worldwide fame , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows has been translated into many languages .","The first translation to be released was the Ukrainian translation , on 25 September 2007 ( as \u0413\u0430\u0440\u0440\u0456 \u041f\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0456 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0432\u0456\u0457 -- Harry Potter i smertel'ni relikviji ) .","The Swedish title of the book was revealed by Rowling as Harry Potter and the Relics of Death ( Harry Potter och D\u00f6dsrelikerna ) , following a pre-release question from the Swedish publisher about the difficulty of translating the two words `` Deathly Hallows '' without having read the book .","This is also the title used for the French translation ( Harry Potter et les reliques de la mort ) , the Spanish translation ( Harry Potter y las Reliquias de la Muerte ) , the Dutch translation ( Harry Potter en de Relieken van de Dood ) and the Brazilian Portuguese translation ( Harry Potter e as Rel\u00edquias da Morte ) .","The first Polish translation was released with a new title : Harry Potter i Insygnia \u015amierci -- Harry Potter and the Insignia of Death .","The Hindi translation Harry Potter aur Maut ke Tohfe ( \u0939\u0948\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0949\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u094c\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u094b\u0939\u092b\u0947 ) , which means `` Harry Potter and the Gifts of Death '' , was released by Manjul Publication in India on 27 June 2008 .","The Romanian version was released on 1 December 2007 using the title ( Harry Potter \u0219i","Talismanele Mor\u021bii ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3905670766736071846","input":"where did the idea of states come from","passages":[{"title":"Nation state","text":"Israel was founded as a Jewish state in 1948 . Its `` Basic Laws '' describe it as both a Jewish and a democratic state . According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics , 75.7 % of Israel 's population are Jews . Arabs , who make up 20.4 % of the population , are the largest ethnic minority in Israel . Israel also has very small communities of Armenians , Circassians , Assyrians , Samaritans , and persons of some Jewish heritage . There are also some non-Jewish spouses of Israeli Jews . However , these communities are very small , and usually number only in the hundreds or thousands .","sentences":["Israel was founded as a Jewish state in 1948 .","Its `` Basic Laws '' describe it as both a Jewish and a democratic state .","According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics , 75.7 % of Israel 's population are Jews .","Arabs , who make up 20.4 % of the population , are the largest ethnic minority in Israel .","Israel also has very small communities of Armenians , Circassians , Assyrians , Samaritans , and persons of some Jewish heritage .","There are also some non-Jewish spouses of Israeli Jews .","However , these communities are very small , and usually number only in the hundreds or thousands ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3788269128206610843","input":"what happened to the real dylan desperate housewives","passages":[{"title":"Katherine Mayfair","text":"Katherine begins spending more time with Susan and Mike 's son , M.J. ( Mason Vale Cotton ) and move in together . Susan tells Mike and Katherine that she 's marrying Jackson but is horrified to learn that Mike will no longer have to pay her alimony . Katherine deceives Susan by letting her think Mike will pay alimony regardless . When Susan wants to thank Mike herself , Katherine admits not telling him that Susan 's engagement to Jackson is n't real , afraid that he would leave her for Susan . The couple elope to Las Vegas , but Mike leaves Katherine at the airport when he learns that their neighbour , Dave Williams ( Neal McDonough ) , plans to kill M.J. in revenge . M.J. escapes unharmed and Mike and Susan share a passionate kiss following the ordeal .","sentences":["Katherine begins spending more time with Susan and Mike 's son , M.J. ( Mason Vale Cotton ) and move in together .","Susan tells Mike and Katherine that she 's marrying Jackson but is horrified to learn that Mike will no longer have to pay her alimony .","Katherine deceives Susan by letting her think Mike will pay alimony regardless .","When Susan wants to thank Mike herself , Katherine admits not telling him that Susan 's engagement to Jackson is n't real , afraid that he would leave her for Susan .","The couple elope to Las Vegas , but Mike leaves Katherine at the airport when he learns that their neighbour , Dave Williams ( Neal McDonough ) , plans to kill M.J. in revenge .","M.J. escapes unharmed and Mike and Susan share a passionate kiss following the ordeal ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6445690230506348953","input":"who won an oscar 2 years in a row in the 90s","passages":[{"title":"List of Academy Awards ceremonies","text":"1929 : Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel 1930 -- 1943 : Alternated between the Ambassador Hotel and the Biltmore Hotel 1944 -- 1946 : Grauman 's Chinese Theatre 1947 -- 1948 : Shrine Auditorium 1949 : Academy Award Theater 1950 -- 1960 : Pantages Theatre 1961 -- 1968 : Santa Monica Civic Auditorium 1969 -- 1987 : Dorothy Chandler Pavilion 1988 -- 2001 : Alternated between the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion and the Shrine Auditorium 2002 -- present : Dolby Theatre ( also known as Kodak Theatre , 2002 - 2011 ; Hollywood and Highland Centre , 2012 )","sentences":["1929 :","Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel 1930 -- 1943 :","Alternated between the Ambassador Hotel and the Biltmore Hotel 1944 -- 1946 : Grauman 's Chinese Theatre 1947 -- 1948 : Shrine Auditorium 1949 :","Academy Award Theater 1950 -- 1960 :","Pantages Theatre 1961 -- 1968 : Santa Monica Civic Auditorium 1969 -- 1987 :","Dorothy Chandler Pavilion 1988 -- 2001 :","Alternated between the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion and the Shrine Auditorium 2002 -- present : Dolby Theatre ( also known as Kodak Theatre , 2002 - 2011 ; Hollywood and Highland Centre , 2012 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"421366939111763209","input":"who is the pope and why is he important","passages":[{"title":"Pope","text":"The pope was originally chosen by those senior clergymen resident in and near Rome . In 1059 the electorate was restricted to the Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church , and the individual votes of all Cardinal Electors were made equal in 1179 . The electors are now limited to those who have not reached 80 on the day before the death or resignation of a pope . Since the pope is Bishop of Rome , only those who can be ordained a bishop can be elected , which means that any male baptized Catholic is eligible . The last to be elected when not yet a bishop was Pope Gregory XVI in 1831 , and the last to be elected when not even a priest was Pope Leo X in 1513 , and the last to be elected when not a cardinal was Pope Urban VI in 1378 . If someone who is not a bishop is elected , he must be given episcopal ordination before the election is announced to the people .","sentences":["The pope was originally chosen by those senior clergymen resident in and near Rome .","In 1059 the electorate was restricted to the Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church , and the individual votes of all Cardinal Electors were made equal in 1179 .","The electors are now limited to those who have not reached 80 on the day before the death or resignation of a pope .","Since the pope is Bishop of Rome , only those who can be ordained a bishop can be elected , which means that any male baptized Catholic is eligible .","The last to be elected when not yet a bishop was Pope Gregory XVI in 1831 , and the last to be elected when not even a priest was Pope Leo X in 1513 , and the last to be elected when not a cardinal was Pope Urban VI in 1378 .","If someone who is not a bishop is elected , he must be given episcopal ordination before the election is announced to the people ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8863061624907413186","input":"why do we need to study respiratory system","passages":[{"title":"Respiratory system","text":"There are oxygen sensors in the smaller bronchi and bronchioles . In response to low partial pressures of oxygen in the inhaled air these sensors reflexly cause the pulmonary arterioles to constrict . ( This is the exact opposite of the corresponding reflex in the tissues , where low arterial partial pressures of O cause arteriolar vasodilation . ) At altitude this causes the pulmonary arterial pressure to rise resulting in a much more even distribution of blood flow to the lungs than occurs at sea level . At sea level the pulmonary arterial pressure is very low , with the result that the tops of the lungs receive far less blood than the bases , which are relatively over-perfused with blood . It is only in middle of the lungs that the blood and air flow to the alveoli are ideally matched . At altitude this variation in the ventilation \/ perfusion ratio of alveoli from the tops of the lungs to the bottoms is eliminated , with all the alveoli perfused and ventilated in more or less the physiologically ideal manner . This is a further important contributor to the acclimatatization to high altitudes and low oxygen pressures .","sentences":["There are oxygen sensors in the smaller bronchi and bronchioles .","In response to low partial pressures of oxygen in the inhaled air these sensors reflexly cause the pulmonary arterioles to constrict .","( This is the exact opposite of the corresponding reflex in the tissues , where low arterial partial pressures of O cause arteriolar vasodilation . )","At altitude this causes the pulmonary arterial pressure to rise resulting in a much more even distribution of blood flow to the lungs than occurs at sea level .","At sea level the pulmonary arterial pressure is very low , with the result that the tops of the lungs receive far less blood than the bases , which are relatively over-perfused with blood .","It is only in middle of the lungs that the blood and air flow to the alveoli are ideally matched .","At altitude this variation in the ventilation \/ perfusion ratio of alveoli from the tops of the lungs to the bottoms is eliminated , with all the alveoli perfused and ventilated in more or less the physiologically ideal manner .","This is a further important contributor to the acclimatatization to high altitudes and low oxygen pressures ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4944397317439936485","input":"who stole the cookie from the cookie jar origin","passages":[{"title":"Who Stole the Cookie from the Cookie Jar?","text":"Accuser : Who stole \/ took the cookie \/ cookies from the cookie jar ? ( name of a child in the circle ) stole \/ took the cookie \/ cookies from the cookie jar . Accused : Who , me ? Accuser \/ Group : Yes , you ! \/ Yeah , you ! Accused : Could n't be ! \/ Not me ! \/ Was n't me ! Accuser \/ Group : Then who ?","sentences":["Accuser : Who stole \/ took the cookie \/ cookies from the cookie jar ?","( name of a child in the circle ) stole \/ took the cookie \/ cookies from the cookie jar .","Accused : Who , me ?","Accuser \/ Group : Yes , you ! \/","Yeah , you !","Accused : Could n't be ! \/","Not me !","\/","Was n't me !","Accuser \/ Group : Then who ?"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1046678775214526932","input":"what was the vision of the national curriculum framework 2005","passages":[{"title":"National Curriculum Framework (NCF 2005)","text":"Learning without burden to make learning a joyful experience and move away from textbooks to be a basis for examination and to remove stress from children . It recommended major changes in the design of syllabus . To develop a sense of self - reliance and dignity of the individual which would for the basis of social relationship and would develop a sense of nonviolence and oneness across the society . To develop a child centered approach and to promote universal enrollment and retention up to the age of 14 . To inculcate the feeling of oneness , democracy and unity in the students the curriculum is enabled to strengthen our national identity and to enable the new generation reevaluate . J.P. Naik has described equality , quality and quantity as the exclusive triangle for Indian education . With respect to social context NCF 2005 has ensured that irrespective of caste , creed , religion and sex all are provided with a standard curriculum .","sentences":["Learning without burden to make learning a joyful experience and move away from textbooks to be a basis for examination and to remove stress from children .","It recommended major changes in the design of syllabus .","To develop a sense of self - reliance and dignity of the individual which would for the basis of social relationship and would develop a sense of nonviolence and oneness across the society .","To develop a child centered approach and to promote universal enrollment and retention up to the age of 14 .","To inculcate the feeling of oneness , democracy and unity in the students the curriculum is enabled to strengthen our national identity and to enable the new generation reevaluate .","J.P. Naik has described equality , quality and quantity as the exclusive triangle for Indian education .","With respect to social context NCF 2005 has ensured that irrespective of caste , creed , religion and sex all are provided with a standard curriculum ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4090288908135011255","input":"a country which exports a lot of rice is called","passages":[{"title":"Rice production in Thailand","text":"Campaigning for the office of prime minister in 2011 , Yingluck Shinawatra pledged to support rice farmers with a plan to purchase rice at above market prices . In June 2011 rice prices were at record highs and Thailand was the world 's leading exporter . The Yingluck promise was to buy unmilled paddy rice at 15,000 baht per tonne and premium Hom Mali rice at 20,000 baht per tonne , prices 50 percent or more above the market . The government moved to `` buy every grain of ( Thai ) rice '' and store it . This , it was thought , would cause world prices to spike . The Thai government would then sell the stockpiled rice at record prices for a profit . Yingluck was elected in September 2011 . One week later India lifted its ban on rice exports . Ten million tons of Indian rice flooded the market . Vietnam then lowered its prices . Global prices plummeted . A year later Thailand was no longer the leading rice exporter , dropping to number three after India and Vietnam . Thailand had stockpiled 17 - 18 million tons of rice that could not be sold at prices covering the purchase price , administration , and storage . Somporn Isvilanonda , a researcher at the Knowledge Network Institute of Thailand , estimated that the government had to sell its rice for at least US $800 ( 25,000 baht ) a tonne to recoup a pledge price of 15,000 baht a tonne . But white rice in 2012 was selling for just US $575 a tonne , and Vietnam sold its rice at only US $450 a tonne . In June 2013 , the international credit rating firm , Moody 's , brought the scheme 's results to the world 's attention , reporting that the program would cost up to eight percent of Thailand 's national budget and thus force Moody 's to reassess the government 's credit rating . In its first year , the cost to the Thai government was US $12.5 billion and was expected to rise to US15 billion in 2014 . Meanwhile , the rice in storage was deteriorating and suspicions grew that it was being adulterated for profit with the addition of low quality rice from neighbouring countries by criminal gangs and corrupt officials .","sentences":["Campaigning for the office of prime minister in 2011 , Yingluck Shinawatra pledged to support rice farmers with a plan to purchase rice at above market prices .","In June 2011 rice prices were at record highs and Thailand was the world 's leading exporter .","The Yingluck promise was to buy unmilled paddy rice at 15,000 baht per tonne and premium Hom Mali rice at 20,000 baht per tonne , prices 50 percent or more above the market .","The government moved to `` buy every grain of ( Thai ) rice '' and store it .","This , it was thought , would cause world prices to spike .","The Thai government would then sell the stockpiled rice at record prices for a profit .","Yingluck was elected in September 2011 .","One week later India lifted its ban on rice exports .","Ten million tons of Indian rice flooded the market .","Vietnam then lowered its prices .","Global prices plummeted .","A year later Thailand was no longer the leading rice exporter , dropping to number three after India and Vietnam .","Thailand had stockpiled 17 - 18 million tons of rice that could not be sold at prices covering the purchase price , administration , and storage .","Somporn Isvilanonda , a researcher at the Knowledge Network Institute of Thailand , estimated that the government had to sell its rice for at least US $800 ( 25,000 baht ) a tonne to recoup a pledge price of 15,000 baht a tonne .","But white rice in 2012 was selling for just US $575 a tonne , and Vietnam sold its rice at only US $450 a tonne .","In June 2013 , the international credit rating firm , Moody 's , brought the scheme 's results to the world 's attention , reporting that the program would cost up to eight percent of Thailand 's national budget and thus force Moody 's to reassess the government 's credit rating .","In its first year , the cost to the Thai government was US $12.5 billion and was expected to rise to US15 billion in 2014 .","Meanwhile , the rice in storage was deteriorating and suspicions grew that it was being adulterated for profit with the addition of low quality rice from neighbouring countries by criminal gangs and corrupt officials ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"663030138657473296","input":"where is the tower bridge and what is special about it","passages":[{"title":"Tower Bridge","text":"Tower Bridge Carries A100 Tower Bridge Road Crosses River Thames Locale London boroughs : -- north side : Tower Hamlets -- south side : Southwark Maintained by Bridge House Estates Heritage status Grade I listed structure Preceded by London Bridge Followed by Queen Elizabeth II Bridge Characteristics Design Bascule bridge \/ Suspension Bridge Total length 801 ft ( 244 m ) Height 213 ft ( 65 m ) Longest span 270 ft ( 82.3 m ) Clearance below 28 ft ( 8.6 m ) ( closed ) 139 ft ( 42.5 m ) ( open ) ( mean high water spring tide ) History Opened 30 June 1894 ; 123 years ago ( 1894 - 06 - 30 )","sentences":["Tower Bridge Carries A100 Tower Bridge Road Crosses River Thames Locale London boroughs : -- north side :","Tower Hamlets -- south side :","Southwark Maintained by Bridge House Estates Heritage status Grade I listed structure Preceded by London Bridge Followed by Queen Elizabeth II Bridge Characteristics Design Bascule bridge \/ Suspension Bridge Total length 801 ft ( 244 m )","Height 213 ft ( 65 m )","Longest span 270 ft ( 82.3 m )","Clearance below 28 ft ( 8.6 m ) ( closed ) 139 ft ( 42.5 m )","( open ) ( mean high water spring tide )","History Opened 30 June 1894 ; 123 years ago ( 1894 - 06 - 30 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7546358502713463785","input":"why is there a little girl in prison in wentworth","passages":[{"title":"List of Prisoner characters \u2013 inmates","text":"Sam Greenway ( Robyn Gibbes -- episodes 495 -- 520 ) , a young arts student framed for drug possession . While she is in prison , she asks for her real parents to be traced and finds out that her real name is Julie Ann Cameron . After being denied permission to see her mother , she escapes from Wentworth to visit her and meets her sister Sally as well . Sally is happy to see Sam but her mother tells Sam that she wants nothing to do with her and orders her to leave . A heartbroken Sam promptly turns herself in and is taken back to Wentworth where Ann Reynolds admits that shortly after Sam 's incarceration , she talked to her mother who said adamantly that she did not want to see Sam . Ann said she did n't tell Sam this because she thought Sally could convince her mother to come around . Sally later visits Sam to try to explain about why her mother rejected her and says she can still be her sister but Sam tells Sally that if she does n't have a mother then she does n't have a sister either . Shortly after this , Sam died when she was electrocuted by a wired door handle which had been set up for Myra by Lou Kelly and Alice Jenkins .","sentences":["Sam Greenway ( Robyn Gibbes -- episodes 495 -- 520 ) , a young arts student framed for drug possession .","While she is in prison , she asks for her real parents to be traced and finds out that her real name is Julie Ann Cameron .","After being denied permission to see her mother , she escapes from Wentworth to visit her and meets her sister Sally as well .","Sally is happy to see Sam but her mother tells Sam that she wants nothing to do with her and orders her to leave .","A heartbroken Sam promptly turns herself in and is taken back to Wentworth where Ann Reynolds admits that shortly after Sam 's incarceration , she talked to her mother who said adamantly that she did not want to see Sam .","Ann said she did n't tell Sam this because she thought Sally could convince her mother to come around .","Sally later visits Sam to try to explain about why her mother rejected her and says she can still be her sister but Sam tells Sally that if she does n't have a mother then she does n't have a sister either .","Shortly after this , Sam died when she was electrocuted by a wired door handle which had been set up for Myra by Lou Kelly and Alice Jenkins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1484725007369463624","input":"where was the world cup supposed to be","passages":[{"title":"2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids","text":"U.S. Soccer first said in February 2007 that it would bid for the 2018 World Cup . On 28 January 2009 , U.S. Soccer then announced that it would submit bids for both the 2018 and 2022 Cups . David Downs , president of Univision Sports , was executive director of the bid . Other committee members included president of U.S. Soccer Sunil Gulati , U.S. Soccer chief executive officer Dan Flynn , Major League Soccer Commissioner Don Garber , and Phil Murphy , the former national finance chairman for the Democratic National Committee . The vice president of FIFA , Jack Warner , who is also the president of CONCACAF , originally said he would try to bring the World Cup back to the CONCACAF region . However , Warner also stated that he preferred the USSF change their plans to make a bid for the 2022 FIFA World Cup .","sentences":["U.S. Soccer first said in February 2007 that it would bid for the 2018 World Cup .","On 28 January 2009 , U.S. Soccer then announced that it would submit bids for both the 2018 and 2022 Cups .","David Downs , president of Univision Sports , was executive director of the bid .","Other committee members included president of U.S. Soccer Sunil Gulati , U.S. Soccer chief executive officer Dan Flynn , Major League Soccer Commissioner Don Garber , and Phil Murphy , the former national finance chairman for the Democratic National Committee .","The vice president of FIFA , Jack Warner , who is also the president of CONCACAF , originally said he would try to bring the World Cup back to the CONCACAF region .","However , Warner also stated that he preferred the USSF change their plans to make a bid for the 2022 FIFA World Cup ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3528212194885955985","input":"what is apartheid who imposed apartheid system on south africa","passages":[{"title":"Apartheid","text":"Part of a series on Apartheid Events ( show ) 1948 general election Coloured vote constitutional crisis 1956 Treason Trial Sharpeville massacre Rivonia Trial Soweto uprising Church Street bombing Trojan Horse Incident Khotso House bombing Cape Town peace march CODESA Assassination of Chris Hani Saint James Church massacre Shell House massacre Organisations ( show ) ANC APLA IFP AWB Black Sash CCB Conservative Party DP ECC FOSATU PP RP PFP HNP MK PAC UDF Broederbond National Party COSATU SACC SADF SAIC SAMA SAP SACP State Security Council People ( show ) P.W. Botha Steve Biko Mangosuthu Buthelezi F.W. de Klerk Ruth First Bram Fischer Arthur Goldreich Chris Hani Bantu Holomisa Joel Joffe Ahmed Kathrada Albert Luthuli Winnie Madikizela - Mandela Mac Maharaj D.F. Malan Nelson Mandela Govan Mbeki Thabo Mbeki Raymond Mhlaba Benjamin Moloise Albertina Sisulu Walter Sisulu JG Strijdom Joe Slovo Robert Sobukwe Helen Suzman Adelaide Tambo Oliver Tambo Eug\u00e8ne Terre'Blanche Desmond Tutu H.F. Verwoerd B.J. Vorster Jacob Zuma Places ( show ) Bantustan District Six Robben Island Sophiatown South - West Africa Soweto Sun City Vlakplaas Related topics ( show ) Afrikaner nationalism Apartheid in popular culture Apartheid legislation Cape Qualified Franchise Freedom Charter Sullivan Principles Kairos Document Disinvestment campaign Rhodes Must Fall South African Police Music in the movement against apartheid Category","sentences":["Part of a series on Apartheid Events ( show ) 1948 general election Coloured vote constitutional crisis 1956 Treason Trial Sharpeville massacre Rivonia Trial Soweto uprising Church Street bombing Trojan Horse Incident Khotso House bombing Cape Town peace march CODESA Assassination of Chris Hani Saint James Church massacre Shell House massacre Organisations ( show )","ANC APLA IFP AWB Black Sash CCB Conservative Party DP ECC FOSATU PP RP PFP HNP MK PAC UDF","Broederbond National Party COSATU SACC SADF SAIC SAMA SAP SACP State Security Council People ( show )","P.W.","Botha Steve Biko Mangosuthu Buthelezi F.W. de Klerk Ruth First Bram Fischer Arthur Goldreich Chris Hani Bantu Holomisa Joel Joffe Ahmed Kathrada Albert Luthuli Winnie Madikizela - Mandela Mac Maharaj D.F. Malan Nelson Mandela Govan Mbeki Thabo Mbeki Raymond Mhlaba Benjamin Moloise Albertina Sisulu Walter Sisulu JG Strijdom Joe Slovo Robert Sobukwe Helen Suzman Adelaide Tambo Oliver Tambo Eug\u00e8ne Terre'Blanche Desmond Tutu H.F. Verwoerd B.J. Vorster Jacob Zuma Places ( show )","Bantustan District Six Robben Island Sophiatown South - West Africa Soweto Sun City Vlakplaas Related topics ( show ) Afrikaner nationalism Apartheid in popular culture Apartheid legislation Cape Qualified Franchise Freedom Charter Sullivan Principles Kairos Document Disinvestment campaign Rhodes Must Fall South African Police Music in the movement against apartheid Category"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1021742800313860822","input":"what card game in lock stock and two smoking barrels","passages":[{"title":"Three card brag","text":"Four - card brag : Players are dealt four cards , and must then choose which card to throw away ( place at the bottom of the deck ) in order to create the best combination . The game is then played in the same way as three - card brag . Seven - card brag : Seven cards are dealt , players must choose three cards to play from their hands , or make two hands , with only a successful winning of both hands winning the pot . Nine - card brag : Nine cards are dealt , players sort these into three sets . Four antes are played , one for each set , and a main pot . Each set is then played out , usually without further betting . The winner of each set takes one lot of antes ; if a player wins all three sets they receive the main pot as well , otherwise it remains for the next hand . Players must always play the next best available set they have made . Often a player may be able to make two good sets and a poor third ( e.g. prial , straight , ten - high ) , so players that do not think they will be able to win all three will order their hands to leave themselves with a strong third set to protect the main pot . Thirteen - card brag : Thirteen cards are dealt , from which players must choose three cards to play . Another variation involves making four hands ( or the most possible over a certain standard ) from the thirteen cards . Four of a kind can also be played , and is usually rewarded by an additional fee to be paid by the other players , apart from any original stake . Players then show their respective best hands , then second best hands , etc. , with each winning hand scoring that player a point , or points . Score is kept on a cribbage board , and is usually either a sprint of 10 or so holes , with one point scored for each winning hand , or played over the full length , or street , of the board , with 4 points awarded to the best highest hand , 3 points to the best second - highest hand , etc . Players not on the board by the time someone wins may have to pay double . Winnings are either a pre-arranged fixed amount from each loser to the winner , or paid proportionate to how far behind the winner they finish . Any player winning all four hands in any round is said to have crashed , and automatically wins the entire game . In some regions the game is known as ' Crash ' . Bastard brag : Three cards are dealt to each player , and three face - up communal cards are dealt ( in some versions only two are face up , one is face down ) . Players take turns at exchanging one or all ( but not two ) of their cards for any or all of the communal cards . Play continues until one player ' sticks ' , or ' knocks ' , meaning that they are happy with their hand . All the remaining players then exchange one last time before hands are compared . The player with the lowest hand is out , or loses a life .","sentences":["Four - card brag : Players are dealt four cards , and must then choose which card to throw away ( place at the bottom of the deck ) in order to create the best combination .","The game is then played in the same way as three - card brag .","Seven - card brag : Seven cards are dealt , players must choose three cards to play from their hands , or make two hands , with only a successful winning of both hands winning the pot .","Nine - card brag : Nine cards are dealt , players sort these into three sets .","Four antes are played , one for each set , and a main pot .","Each set is then played out , usually without further betting .","The winner of each set takes one lot of antes ; if a player wins all three sets they receive the main pot as well , otherwise it remains for the next hand .","Players must always play the next best available set they have made .","Often a player may be able to make two good sets and a poor third ( e.g. prial , straight , ten - high ) , so players that do not think they will be able to win all three will order their hands to leave themselves with a strong third set to protect the main pot .","Thirteen - card brag : Thirteen cards are dealt , from which players must choose three cards to play .","Another variation involves making four hands ( or the most possible over a certain standard ) from the thirteen cards .","Four of a kind can also be played , and is usually rewarded by an additional fee to be paid by the other players , apart from any original stake .","Players then show their respective best hands , then second best hands , etc. , with each winning hand scoring that player a point , or points .","Score is kept on a cribbage board , and is usually either a sprint of 10 or so holes , with one point scored for each winning hand , or played over the full length , or street , of the board , with 4 points awarded to the best highest hand , 3 points to the best second - highest hand , etc .","Players not on the board by the time someone wins may have to pay double .","Winnings are either a pre-arranged fixed amount from each loser to the winner , or paid proportionate to how far behind the winner they finish .","Any player winning all four hands in any round is said to have crashed , and automatically wins the entire game .","In some regions the game is known as ' Crash ' .","Bastard brag : Three cards are dealt to each player , and three face - up communal cards are dealt ( in some versions only two are face up , one is face down ) .","Players take turns at exchanging one or all ( but not two ) of their cards for any or all of the communal cards .","Play continues until one player ' sticks ' , or ' knocks ' , meaning that they are happy with their hand .","All the remaining players then exchange one last time before hands are compared .","The player with the lowest hand is out , or loses a life ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2698968290283112064","input":"what is the meaning of the hail mary prayer","passages":[{"title":"Hail Mary","text":"The Hail Mary is the essential element of the Rosary , a prayer method in use especially among Roman Rite ( Western ) Catholics . The Eastern Catholic Churches say a similar version . The Rosary consists traditionally of three sets of five Mysteries , each mystery consisting of one `` decade '' or ten Ave Marias . The 150 Ave Marias of the Rosary thus echo the 150 psalms . These meditate upon events of Jesus ' life during his childhood ( Joyful Mysteries ) , Passion ( Sorrowful Mysteries ) , and from his Resurrection onwards ( Glorious Mysteries ) . Another set , the Luminous Mysteries , is of comparatively recent origin , having been proposed by Pope John Paul II in 2002 . Each of these Mysteries is prayed as a decade ( a unit of ten ) , consisting of one Our Father ( Pater Noster or The Lord 's Prayer ) , ten Hail Marys , and one ' Glory Be ' ( Gloria Patri ) ( Doxology ). The repetition of the `` Our Father '' , `` Hail Mary '' , and `` Glory Be '' is conducive to meditation , as several Popes have pointed out , especially Pope Leo XIII . The restatement of the prayers locks one into fixed language , having the effect of freeing the conscious mind so that the recitation may come more from the heart and not the head . During the apparitions at Fatima , Mary placed singular emphasis on the importance of praying the Rosary every day to bring the world to conversion . Pope Paul V said that `` the Rosary is a treasure of graces '' and Sister L\u00facia of F\u00e1tima explained `` the Rosary helps to preserve that flickering flame of faith that has not yet been completely extinguished from many consciences . Even for those souls who pray without meditating , the simple act of taking the beads in hand to pray is already a remembrance of God -- of the supernatural '' . L\u00facia also said `` there is no problem , no matter how difficult it is , whether temporal or above all spiritual , in the personal life of each one of us , of our families , of the families in the world , or of the religious communities , or even of the life of peoples and nations that can not be solved by the Rosary '' .","sentences":["The Hail Mary is the essential element of the Rosary , a prayer method in use especially among Roman Rite ( Western ) Catholics .","The Eastern Catholic Churches say a similar version .","The Rosary consists traditionally of three sets of five Mysteries , each mystery consisting of one `` decade '' or ten Ave Marias .","The 150 Ave Marias of the Rosary thus echo the 150 psalms .","These meditate upon events of Jesus ' life during his childhood ( Joyful Mysteries ) , Passion ( Sorrowful Mysteries ) , and from his Resurrection onwards ( Glorious Mysteries ) .","Another set , the Luminous Mysteries , is of comparatively recent origin , having been proposed by Pope John Paul II in 2002 .","Each of these Mysteries is prayed as a decade ( a unit of ten ) , consisting of one Our Father ( Pater Noster or The Lord 's Prayer ) , ten Hail Marys , and one ' Glory Be ' ( Gloria Patri ) ( Doxology ).","The repetition of the `` Our Father '' , `` Hail Mary '' , and `` Glory Be '' is conducive to meditation , as several Popes have pointed out , especially Pope Leo XIII .","The restatement of the prayers locks one into fixed language , having the effect of freeing the conscious mind so that the recitation may come more from the heart and not the head .","During the apparitions at Fatima , Mary placed singular emphasis on the importance of praying the Rosary every day to bring the world to conversion .","Pope Paul V said that `` the Rosary is a treasure of graces '' and Sister L\u00facia of F\u00e1tima explained `` the Rosary helps to preserve that flickering flame of faith that has not yet been completely extinguished from many consciences .","Even for those souls who pray without meditating , the simple act of taking the beads in hand to pray is already a remembrance of God -- of the supernatural '' .","L\u00facia also said `` there is no problem , no matter how difficult it is , whether temporal or above all spiritual , in the personal life of each one of us , of our families , of the families in the world , or of the religious communities , or even of the life of peoples and nations that can not be solved by the Rosary '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8422216407789843621","input":"who moved my cheese which character are you","passages":[{"title":"Who Moved My Cheese?","text":"Still fearful of his trek , Haw jots `` What Would You Do If You Were n't Afraid ? '' on the wall and , after thinking about that , he begins his venture . Still plagued with worry ( perhaps he has waited too long to begin his search ... ) , Haw finds some bits of cheese that nourish him and he is able to continue his search . Haw realizes that the cheese has not suddenly vanished , but has dwindled from continual eating . After a stop at an empty cheese station , Haw begins worrying about the unknown again . Brushing aside his fears , Haw 's new mindset allows him to again enjoy life . He has even begun to smile again ! He is realizing that `` When you move beyond your fear , you feel free . '' After another empty cheese station , Haw decides to go back for Hem with the few bits of new cheese he has managed to find .","sentences":["Still fearful of his trek , Haw jots `` What Would You Do If You Were n't Afraid ? ''","on the wall and , after thinking about that , he begins his venture .","Still plagued with worry ( perhaps he has waited too long to begin his search ... ) , Haw finds some bits of cheese that nourish him and he is able to continue his search .","Haw realizes that the cheese has not suddenly vanished , but has dwindled from continual eating .","After a stop at an empty cheese station , Haw begins worrying about the unknown again .","Brushing aside his fears , Haw 's new mindset allows him to again enjoy life .","He has even begun to smile again !","He is realizing that `` When you move beyond your fear , you feel free . ''","After another empty cheese station , Haw decides to go back for Hem with the few bits of new cheese he has managed to find ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9154479014060582035","input":"what is the order of movies for marvel","passages":[{"title":"List of Marvel Cinematic Universe films","text":"Disney has scheduled multiple release dates for untitled Marvel Studios films . These include : May 1 , July 31 , and November 6 , 2020 ; May 7 , July 30 , and November 5 , 2021 ; and February 18 , May 6 , and July 29 , 2022 . In October 2016 , Feige said it was a combination of knowing what films would occupy the 2020 dates and allowing some flexibility , saying , `` We know what ( films ) we 'd like them to be for 2020 . Over the years , where we 're aiming we 've been lucky enough that it 's usually been the same thing but we always leave ourselves the opportunity to bob and weave and adapt if we have to . But we know where we 're headed for 2020 and we have ideas and we 're beginning to solidify the years beyond that . '' Feige and Marvel have additional storylines planned through 2028 , resulting in 20 films `` on the docket that are completely different from anything that 's come before -- intentionally . ''","sentences":["Disney has scheduled multiple release dates for untitled Marvel Studios films .","These include : May 1 , July 31 , and November 6 , 2020 ; May 7 , July 30 , and November 5 , 2021 ; and February 18 , May 6 , and July 29 , 2022 .","In October 2016 , Feige said it was a combination of knowing what films would occupy the 2020 dates and allowing some flexibility , saying , `` We know what ( films ) we 'd like them to be for 2020 .","Over the years , where we 're aiming we 've been lucky enough that it 's usually been the same thing but we always leave ourselves the opportunity to bob and weave and adapt if we have to .","But we know where we 're headed for 2020","and we have ideas and we 're beginning to solidify the years beyond that . ''","Feige and Marvel have additional storylines planned through 2028 , resulting in 20 films `` on the docket that are completely different from anything that 's come before -- intentionally . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8473943747373743810","input":"what is the best one hit wonders of all time","passages":[{"title":"One-hit wonder","text":"Johann Pachelbel -- Canon in D Samuel Barber -- Adagio for Strings attrib . Tomaso Albinoni -- Adagio in G minor ( this was actually written by Remo Giazotto and contains no Albinoni material ) Jean - Joseph Mouret -- Fanfare - Rondeau from Symphonies and Fanfares for the King 's Supper ( theme to Masterpiece , formerly Masterpiece Theatre ) Luigi Boccherini -- minuet from String Quintet in E Jeremiah Clarke -- `` Trumpet Voluntary '' , more properly known as `` Prince of Denmark 's March '' Jules Massenet -- Meditation from his opera Tha\u00efs Pietro Mascagni -- `` Cavalleria rusticana '' L\u00e9o Delibes -- `` The Flower Duet '' from the opera Lakm\u00e9 Mikhail Ippolitov - Ivanov -- `` Caucasian Sketches '' Amilcare Ponchielli -- `` Dance of the Hours '' from the opera La Gioconda Charles - Marie Widor -- Toccata from Symphony for Organ No. 5 Aram Khachaturian -- `` Sabre Dance '' from the ballet Gayane Marc - Antoine Charpentier -- Te Deum Tekla B\u0105darzewska - Baranowska -- Maiden 's Prayer","sentences":["Johann Pachelbel -- Canon in D Samuel Barber -- Adagio for Strings attrib .","Tomaso Albinoni -- Adagio in G minor ( this was actually written by Remo Giazotto and contains no Albinoni material ) Jean - Joseph Mouret -- Fanfare - Rondeau from Symphonies and Fanfares for the King 's Supper ( theme to Masterpiece , formerly Masterpiece Theatre )","Luigi Boccherini -- minuet from String Quintet in E Jeremiah Clarke -- `` Trumpet Voluntary '' , more properly known as `` Prince of Denmark 's March ''","Jules Massenet -- Meditation from his opera Tha\u00efs Pietro Mascagni -- `` Cavalleria rusticana ''","L\u00e9o Delibes -- `` The Flower Duet '' from the opera Lakm\u00e9 Mikhail Ippolitov - Ivanov -- `` Caucasian Sketches '' Amilcare Ponchielli -- `` Dance of the Hours '' from the opera La Gioconda Charles - Marie Widor -- Toccata from Symphony for Organ No. 5 Aram Khachaturian -- `` Sabre Dance '' from the ballet Gayane Marc - Antoine Charpentier --","Te Deum Tekla B\u0105darzewska - Baranowska -- Maiden 's Prayer"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4245448023288535036","input":"why do parrots have rings on their legs","passages":[{"title":"Bird ringing","text":"Mist net come in a variety of sizes and lengths according to the bird 's size . All nets are made from a black nylon material and come with 4 shelves to catch the birds once they fly into the net . When purchasing a mist - net for sparrows the height usually stays the same at 2.7 meters but varies in width at 6 meters to 18 meters at a 30mm mesh . Determining net size for large sparrows to jays are 2.6 meters high and varying in widths at 6 meters to 18 meters at a 38mm mesh . If the study requires the banding of large owls a specific net is required and it is made with a heavier material to withstand the talons of the owl at 60mm mesh . Banding hawks also requires a heavier material at 100mm or 127mm mesh . However , some nets for larger birds include an additional shelve at 5 instead of 4 .","sentences":["Mist net come in a variety of sizes and lengths according to the bird 's size .","All nets are made from a black nylon material and come with 4 shelves to catch the birds once they fly into the net .","When purchasing a mist - net for sparrows the height usually stays the same at 2.7 meters but varies in width at 6 meters to 18 meters at a 30mm mesh .","Determining net size for large sparrows to jays are 2.6 meters high and varying in widths at 6 meters to 18 meters at a 38mm mesh .","If the study requires the banding of large owls a specific net is required and it is made with a heavier material to withstand the talons of the owl at 60mm mesh .","Banding hawks also requires a heavier material at 100mm or 127mm mesh .","However , some nets for larger birds include an additional shelve at 5 instead of 4 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"275409436006028341","input":"who is the girl in star wars force awakens","passages":[{"title":"Rey (Star Wars)","text":"Ren takes Rey prisoner and brings her before Snoke . Snoke tells her that he created the Force connection between her and Ren as a trap to reach Luke . Snoke tortures and taunts Rey , showing her the attack on the Resistance transports , and eventually orders Ren to kill her . Ren instead kills Snoke , and he and Rey fight Snoke 's guards side by side . The duel won , Ren asks Rey to join him and create a new order separate from the legacies of Snoke and Luke , but Rey refuses . In an attempt to get her to turn , Ren reveals that Rey 's parents were two - bit junk dealers who sold her off for drinking money , and are long dead . Despite the revelation , Rey refuses to join him and uses the Force to summon Luke 's lightsaber , but Ren does so too , resulting in a standoff that ultimately tears the lightsaber in two . Shortly afterwards , Resistance leader Vice Admiral Holdo rams her cruiser into Snoke 's ship , separating Rey from Ren .","sentences":["Ren takes Rey prisoner and brings her before Snoke .","Snoke tells her that he created the Force connection between her and Ren as a trap to reach Luke .","Snoke tortures and taunts Rey , showing her the attack on the Resistance transports , and eventually orders Ren to kill her .","Ren instead kills Snoke , and he and Rey fight Snoke 's guards side by side .","The duel won , Ren asks Rey to join him and create a new order separate from the legacies of Snoke and Luke , but Rey refuses .","In an attempt to get her to turn , Ren reveals that Rey 's parents were two - bit junk dealers who sold her off for drinking money , and are long dead .","Despite the revelation , Rey refuses to join him and uses the Force to summon Luke 's lightsaber , but Ren does so too , resulting in a standoff that ultimately tears the lightsaber in two .","Shortly afterwards , Resistance leader Vice Admiral Holdo rams her cruiser into Snoke 's ship , separating Rey from Ren ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8459297818600252960","input":"where does the money from white poppy sales go","passages":[{"title":"White poppy","text":"In 1926 , a few years after the introduction of the red poppy in the UK , the idea of pacifists making their own poppies was put forward by a member of the No More War Movement ( as well as the proposal that the black centre of the British Legion 's red poppies should be imprinted with `` No More War '' ) . Their intention was to remember casualties of all wars , with the added meaning of a hope for the end of all wars ; the red poppy signified only the British military dead . However , they did not pursue the idea . The first white poppies were sold by the Co-operative Women 's Guild in 1933 . The Peace Pledge Union ( PPU ) took part in their distribution from 1934 , and white poppy wreaths were laid from 1937 as a pledge to peace that war must not happen again . Anti-war organisations such as the Anglican Pacifist Fellowship now support the White Poppy Movement .","sentences":["In 1926 , a few years after the introduction of the red poppy in the UK , the idea of pacifists making their own poppies was put forward by a member of the No More War Movement ( as well as the proposal that the black centre of the British Legion 's red poppies should be imprinted with `` No More War '' ) .","Their intention was to remember casualties of all wars , with the added meaning of a hope for the end of all wars ; the red poppy signified only the British military dead .","However , they did not pursue the idea .","The first white poppies were sold by the Co-operative Women 's Guild in 1933 .","The Peace Pledge Union ( PPU ) took part in their distribution from 1934 , and white poppy wreaths were laid from 1937 as a pledge to peace that war must not happen again .","Anti-war organisations such as the Anglican Pacifist Fellowship now support the White Poppy Movement ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2041410290286408492","input":"what's the most popular state in the us","passages":[{"title":"List of U.S. states and territories by population","text":"69 ! Puerto Rico 66 ! 1 43 ! 3,337,177 66 ! 1 44 ! 3,725,789 66 ! 1 42 ! 3,808,610 68 ! 3 68 ! - 2.2 % 66 ! Terr .","sentences":["69 !","Puerto Rico 66 !","1 43 !","3,337,177 66 !","1 44 !","3,725,789 66 !","1 42 !","3,808,610 68 !","3 68 ! - 2.2 % 66 !","Terr ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4252015390443014873","input":"how far is montgomery alabama from columbus georgia","passages":[{"title":"Columbus, Georgia","text":"Columbus , Georgia Consolidated city - county Columbus Consolidated Government Downtown Columbus skyline on the banks of the Chattahoochee River Flag Seal Logo Nickname ( s ) : The Fountain City or The Lowell of the South Motto ( s ) : We do amazing Location in Muscogee County and the state of Georgia Columbus , Georgia Location in the United States Coordinates : 32 \u00b0 29 \u2032 32 '' N 84 \u00b0 56 \u2032 25 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 32.49222 \u00b0 N 84.94028 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 32.49222 ; - 84.94028 Coordinates : 32 \u00b0 29 \u2032 32 '' N 84 \u00b0 56 \u2032 25 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 32.49222 \u00b0 N 84.94028 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 32.49222 ; - 84.94028 Country United States State Georgia County Muscogee Founded 1828 Named for Christopher Columbus Government Mayor Teresa Tomlinson ( I ) City Manager Isaiah Hugley Area Total 220.8 sq mi ( 572 km ) Land 216.1 sq mi ( 592.1 km ) Water 4.7 sq mi ( 12.3 km ) Elevation 243 ft ( 74 m ) Population ( 2010 ) Total 189,885 Estimate ( 2017 ) 194,058 Rank US : 124th Density 861 \/ sq mi ( 332.6 \/ km ) MSA 303,811 ( US : 163rd ) CSA 499,128 ( 91st ) Time zone EST ( UTC \u2212 5 ) Summer ( DST ) EDT ( UTC \u2212 4 ) ZIP codes 31820 , 31829 , 31900 - 09 , 31914 , 31917 , 31993 - 94 , 31997 - 99 Area code ( s ) 706 , 762 FIPS code 13 - 19007 GNIS feature ID 0331158 Airport Columbus Airport - CSG Website City of Columbus","sentences":["Columbus , Georgia Consolidated city - county Columbus Consolidated Government Downtown Columbus skyline on the banks of the Chattahoochee River Flag Seal Logo Nickname ( s ) :","The Fountain City or The Lowell of the South Motto ( s ) : We do amazing Location in Muscogee County and the state of Georgia Columbus , Georgia Location in the United States Coordinates :","32 \u00b0 29 \u2032 32 ''","N 84 \u00b0 56 \u2032 25 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 32.49222 \u00b0","N 84.94028 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 32.49222 ; - 84.94028 Coordinates : 32 \u00b0 29 \u2032 32 ''","N 84 \u00b0 56 \u2032 25 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 32.49222 \u00b0","N 84.94028 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 32.49222 ; - 84.94028 Country United States State Georgia County Muscogee Founded 1828 Named for Christopher Columbus Government Mayor Teresa Tomlinson ( I )","City Manager Isaiah Hugley Area Total 220.8 sq mi ( 572 km )","Land 216.1 sq mi ( 592.1 km )","Water 4.7 sq mi ( 12.3 km )","Elevation 243 ft ( 74 m )","Population ( 2010 ) Total 189,885 Estimate ( 2017 ) 194,058 Rank US : 124th Density 861 \/ sq mi ( 332.6 \/ km )","MSA 303,811 ( US : 163rd )","CSA 499,128 ( 91st )","Time zone EST ( UTC \u2212 5 ) Summer ( DST ) EDT ( UTC \u2212 4 ) ZIP codes 31820 , 31829 , 31900 - 09 , 31914 , 31917 , 31993 - 94 , 31997 - 99 Area code ( s ) 706 , 762 FIPS code 13 - 19007 GNIS feature ID 0331158 Airport Columbus Airport - CSG Website City of Columbus"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6602345871270278861","input":"where does glycolysis occur in a bacterial cell","passages":[{"title":"Glycolysis","text":"Firstly , the NADH + H generated by glycolysis has to be transferred to the mitochondrion to be oxidized , and thus to regenerate the NAD necessary for glycolysis to continue . However the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to NADH and NAD . Use is therefore made of two `` shuttles '' to transport the electrons from NADH across the mitochondrial membrane . They are the malate - aspartate shuttle and the glycerol phosphate shuttle . In the former the electrons from NADH are transferred to cytosolic oxaloacetate to form malate . The malate then traverses the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix , where it is reoxidized by NAD forming intra-mitochondrial oxaloacetate and NADH . The oxaloacetate is then re-cycled to the cytosol via its conversion to aspartate which is readily transported out of the mitochondrion . In the glycerol phosphate shuttle electrons from cytosolic NADH are transferred to dihydroxyacetone to form glycerol - 3 - phosphate which readily traverses the outer mitochondrial membrane . Glycerol - 3 - phosphate is then reoxidized to dihydroxyacetone , donating its electrons to FAD instead of NAD . This reaction takes place on the inner mitochondrial membrane , allowing FADH to donate its electrons directly to coenzyme Q ( ubiquinone ) which is part of the electron transport chain which ultimately transfers electrons to molecular oxygen ( O ) , with the formation of water , and the release of energy eventually captured in the form of ATP .","sentences":["Firstly , the NADH + H generated by glycolysis has to be transferred to the mitochondrion to be oxidized , and thus to regenerate the NAD necessary for glycolysis to continue .","However the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to NADH and NAD .","Use is therefore made of two `` shuttles '' to transport the electrons from NADH across the mitochondrial membrane .","They are the malate - aspartate shuttle and the glycerol phosphate shuttle .","In the former the electrons from NADH are transferred to cytosolic oxaloacetate to form malate .","The malate then traverses the inner mitochondrial membrane into the mitochondrial matrix , where it is reoxidized by NAD forming intra-mitochondrial oxaloacetate and NADH .","The oxaloacetate is then re-cycled to the cytosol via its conversion to aspartate which is readily transported out of the mitochondrion .","In the glycerol phosphate shuttle electrons from cytosolic NADH are transferred to dihydroxyacetone to form glycerol - 3 - phosphate which readily traverses the outer mitochondrial membrane .","Glycerol - 3 - phosphate is then reoxidized to dihydroxyacetone , donating its electrons to FAD instead of NAD .","This reaction takes place on the inner mitochondrial membrane , allowing FADH to donate its electrons directly to coenzyme Q ( ubiquinone ) which is part of the electron transport chain which ultimately transfers electrons to molecular oxygen ( O ) , with the formation of water , and the release of energy eventually captured in the form of ATP ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1535830812723686284","input":"where does the name taco bell come from","passages":[{"title":"Taco Bell","text":"In the late 2000s , Yum ! Brands announced that it was reopening Taco Bell locations in the United Kingdom as part of a large planned expansion into Europe . Yum ! is taking advantage of the recent recession which led to increasing sales at other fast food outlets ; it also said that there was now a greater awareness of Mexican food in the UK and that it can be successful with improved menu offerings and marketing . The first new store opened at the Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex on June 28 , 2010 . Another store opened in Basildon , Essex on November 29 , 2010 , and a third in the Manchester Arndale Food Court on November 7 , 2011 .","sentences":["In the late 2000s , Yum !","Brands announced that it was reopening Taco Bell locations in the United Kingdom as part of a large planned expansion into Europe .","Yum !","is taking advantage of the recent recession which led to increasing sales at other fast food outlets ; it also said that there was now a greater awareness of Mexican food in the UK and that it can be successful with improved menu offerings and marketing .","The first new store opened at the Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex on June 28 , 2010 .","Another store opened in Basildon , Essex on November 29 , 2010 , and a third in the Manchester Arndale Food Court on November 7 , 2011 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4552501295029396657","input":"names of the 11 ships in the first fleet","passages":[{"title":"First Fleet","text":"It was soon realised that Botany Bay did not live up to the glowing account that the explorer Captain James Cook had provided . The bay was open and unprotected , the water was too shallow to allow the ships to anchor close to the shore , fresh water was scarce , and the soil was poor . First contact was made with the local indigenous people , the Eora , who seemed curious but suspicious of the newcomers . The area was studded with enormously strong trees . When the convicts tried to cut them down , their tools broke and the tree trunks had to be blasted out of the ground with gunpowder . The primitive huts built for the officers and officials quickly collapsed in rainstorms . The marines had a habit of getting drunk and not guarding the convicts properly , whilst their commander , Major Robert Ross , drove Phillip to despair with his arrogant and lazy attitude . Crucially , Phillip worried that his fledgling colony was exposed to attack from Aborigines or foreign powers . Although his initial instructions were to establish the colony at Botany Bay , he was authorised to establish the colony elsewhere if necessary . An","sentences":["It was soon realised that Botany Bay did not live up to the glowing account that the explorer Captain James Cook had provided .","The bay was open and unprotected , the water was too shallow to allow the ships to anchor close to the shore , fresh water was scarce , and the soil was poor .","First contact was made with the local indigenous people , the Eora , who seemed curious but suspicious of the newcomers .","The area was studded with enormously strong trees .","When the convicts tried to cut them down , their tools broke and the tree trunks had to be blasted out of the ground with gunpowder .","The primitive huts built for the officers and officials quickly collapsed in rainstorms .","The marines had a habit of getting drunk and not guarding the convicts properly , whilst their commander , Major Robert Ross , drove Phillip to despair with his arrogant and lazy attitude .","Crucially , Phillip worried that his fledgling colony was exposed to attack from Aborigines or foreign powers .","Although his initial instructions were to establish the colony at Botany Bay , he was authorised to establish the colony elsewhere if necessary .","An"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8563821367825614727","input":"how did jimmy's brother on better call saul","passages":[{"title":"Chuck McGill","text":"Kim feels some regret for destroying Chuck 's reputation in the disciplinary hearing . While having dinner with Jimmy , she wonders whether they did the right thing and Jimmy replies what happened to Chuck was his own fault and that she should forget about him . Desperate for funds to keep up his end of office expenses , Jimmy meets with an insurance agent to try and get a refund on his malpractice insurance policy . However , the agent is unable to grant the refund and mentions that due to his suspension , Jimmy 's premium will rise by 150 % . Jimmy is visibly shaken by this news and starts to cry . When the agent reacts sympathetically to his emotional breakdown , Jimmy seizes the opportunity to `` accidentally '' mention Chuck 's mental illness before leaving , knowing that the insurance company will be forced to act on the information .","sentences":["Kim feels some regret for destroying Chuck 's reputation in the disciplinary hearing .","While having dinner with Jimmy , she wonders whether they did the right thing and Jimmy replies what happened to Chuck was his own fault and that she should forget about him .","Desperate for funds to keep up his end of office expenses , Jimmy meets with an insurance agent to try and get a refund on his malpractice insurance policy .","However , the agent is unable to grant the refund and mentions that due to his suspension , Jimmy 's premium will rise by 150 % .","Jimmy is visibly shaken by this news and starts to cry .","When the agent reacts sympathetically to his emotional breakdown , Jimmy seizes the opportunity to `` accidentally '' mention Chuck 's mental illness before leaving , knowing that the insurance company will be forced to act on the information ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7064770311616051114","input":"who played janet's sister on three's company","passages":[{"title":"List of Three's Company characters","text":"Jack is known for being a klutz . Much of the character 's humor is derived from slapstick comedy . He is extremely clumsy and accident - prone , and is well known for his comic pratfalls . Jack is somewhat of a ladies ' man and a playboy , but is also kind , loyal - and protective of his roommates , family , and friends . Despite having been a boxer in the Navy , he often cowered and allowed other men to bully him ( mainly because of their larger size ) . Also , Jack is plagued by a fear of flying , as revealed in the episodes `` Up in the Air '' and `` Cupid Works Overtime . '' Jack has his own bedroom , while Janet and Chrissy share a second bedroom . A poster of The Beatles as they appeared late in their career can be seen hanging on the wall above Jack 's bed . ( The Beatles poster actually belonged to Ritter , an avid Beatles fan , and he lent it to the producers to hang on Jack 's bedroom wall . )","sentences":["Jack is known for being a klutz .","Much of the character 's humor is derived from slapstick comedy .","He is extremely clumsy and accident - prone , and is well known for his comic pratfalls .","Jack is somewhat of a ladies ' man and a playboy , but is also kind , loyal - and protective of his roommates , family , and friends .","Despite having been a boxer in the Navy , he often cowered and allowed other men to bully him ( mainly because of their larger size ) .","Also , Jack is plagued by a fear of flying , as revealed in the episodes `` Up in the Air '' and `` Cupid Works Overtime . ''","Jack has his own bedroom , while Janet and Chrissy share a second bedroom .","A poster of The Beatles as they appeared late in their career can be seen hanging on the wall above Jack 's bed .","( The Beatles poster actually belonged to Ritter , an avid Beatles fan , and he lent it to the producers to hang on Jack 's bedroom wall . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4877164319287634126","input":"when is the next kc undercover coming out","passages":[{"title":"List of K.C. Undercover episodes","text":"After Abby is captured by The Organization , Richard and Erica kidnap K.C. 's family . Agent Johnson declines K.C. 's request to release Abby in exchange for her family members , stating that The Organization does not negotiate with criminals . K.C. breaks Abby out of prison and brings her to Richard and Erica , who tie up K.C. along with the rest of her family . Marisa realizes that K.C. needs help and figures out the location of Richard and Erica 's hideout . When Marisa arrives , Craig and Kira are surprised to learn that she knows about their spy profession . Marisa unties the Coopers so they can fight Richard , Erica and Abby , who are then captured and brought to The Organization . Despite breaking Abby out of prison , Agent Johnson allows K.C. to avoid prison time because she brought them Richard , the leader of The Other Side . While camping in a forest , Zane receives a phone call informing him that The Other Side 's leader has been captured . Special guest star : Jasmine Guy as Erica King Guest stars : Rick Fox as Richard Martin , Kara Royster as Abby Martin , Francois Chau as Zane , Rick Hall as Agent Johnson","sentences":["After Abby is captured by The Organization , Richard and Erica kidnap K.C. 's family .","Agent Johnson declines K.C. 's request to release Abby in exchange for her family members , stating that The Organization does not negotiate with criminals .","K.C. breaks Abby out of prison and brings her to Richard and Erica , who tie up K.C. along with the rest of her family .","Marisa realizes that K.C. needs help and figures out the location of Richard and Erica 's hideout .","When Marisa arrives , Craig and Kira are surprised to learn that she knows about their spy profession .","Marisa unties the Coopers so they can fight Richard , Erica and Abby , who are then captured and brought to The Organization .","Despite breaking Abby out of prison , Agent Johnson allows K.C. to avoid prison time because she brought them Richard , the leader of The Other Side .","While camping in a forest , Zane receives a phone call informing him that The Other Side 's leader has been captured .","Special guest star : Jasmine Guy as Erica King Guest stars : Rick Fox as Richard Martin , Kara Royster as Abby Martin , Francois Chau as Zane , Rick Hall as Agent Johnson"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7816092301827115767","input":"what is the purpose of sovereign wealth fund","passages":[{"title":"Sovereign wealth fund","text":"Sovereign wealth funds have existed for more than a century , but since 2000 , the number of sovereign wealth funds has increased dramatically . The first SWFs were non-federal U.S. state funds established in the mid-19th century to fund specific public services . The U.S. state of Texas was thus the first to establish such a scheme , to fund public education . The Permanent School Fund ( PSF ) was created in 1854 to benefit primary and secondary schools , with the Permanent University Fund ( PUF ) following in 1876 to benefit universities . The PUF was endowed with public lands , the ownership of which the state retained by terms of the 1845 annexation treaty between the Republic of Texas and the United States . While the PSF was first funded by an appropriation from the state legislature , it also received public lands at the same time that the PUF was created . The first SWF established for a sovereign state is the Kuwait Investment Authority , a commodity SWF created in 1953 from oil revenues before Kuwait gained independence from the United Kingdom . According to many estimates , Kuwait 's fund is now worth approximately US $600 billion .","sentences":["Sovereign wealth funds have existed for more than a century , but since 2000 , the number of sovereign wealth funds has increased dramatically .","The first SWFs were non-federal U.S. state funds established in the mid-19th century to fund specific public services .","The U.S. state of Texas was thus the first to establish such a scheme , to fund public education .","The Permanent School Fund ( PSF ) was created in 1854 to benefit primary and secondary schools , with the Permanent University Fund ( PUF ) following in 1876 to benefit universities .","The PUF was endowed with public lands , the ownership of which the state retained by terms of the 1845 annexation treaty between the Republic of Texas and the United States .","While the PSF was first funded by an appropriation from the state legislature , it also received public lands at the same time that the PUF was created .","The first SWF established for a sovereign state is the Kuwait Investment Authority , a commodity SWF created in 1953 from oil revenues before Kuwait gained independence from the United Kingdom .","According to many estimates , Kuwait 's fund is now worth approximately US $600 billion ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-452109869192552923","input":"what are the names of the hyenas in lion guard","passages":[{"title":"The Lion Guard","text":"King Sokwe ( voiced by John Rhys - Davies ) -- A mountain gorilla and friend of Simba who is Majinuni and Hafifu 's father . Hafifu ( voiced by Phil Lester ) - A mountain gorilla prince , brother of Majinuni , and son of King Sokwe who came to the Pride Lands to deliver a message to Simba . Majinuni ( voiced by Dan Howell ) -- A mountain gorilla prince , brother of Hafifu , and son of King Sokwe who came to the Pride Lands to deliver a message to Simba .","sentences":["King Sokwe ( voiced by John Rhys - Davies ) --","A mountain gorilla and friend of Simba who is Majinuni and Hafifu 's father .","Hafifu ( voiced by Phil Lester ) -","A mountain gorilla prince , brother of Majinuni , and son of King Sokwe who came to the Pride Lands to deliver a message to Simba .","Majinuni ( voiced by Dan Howell ) --","A mountain gorilla prince , brother of Hafifu , and son of King Sokwe who came to the Pride Lands to deliver a message to Simba ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8412541235631899118","input":"where was indiana jones and the kingdom of the crystal skull filmed","passages":[{"title":"Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull","text":"Ford disliked the new angle , telling Lucas , `` No way am I being in a Steven Spielberg movie like that . '' Spielberg himself , who depicted aliens in Close Encounters of the Third Kind and E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial , resisted it . Lucas came up with a story , which Jeb Stuart turned into a script from October 1993 to May 1994 . ( Stuart had previously written The Fugitive , which starred Ford . ) Lucas wanted Indiana to get married , which would allow Henry Jones , Sr. to return , expressing concern over whether his son is happy with what he has accomplished . After he learned that Joseph Stalin was interested in psychic warfare , he decided to have Soviets as the villains and the aliens to have psychic powers . Following Stuart 's next draft , Lucas hired Last Crusade writer Jeffrey Boam to write the next three versions , the last of which was completed in March 1996 . Three months later , Independence Day was released , and Spielberg told Lucas he would not make another alien invasion film . Lucas decided to focus on the Star Wars prequels .","sentences":["Ford disliked the new angle , telling Lucas , `` No way am I being in a Steven Spielberg movie like that . ''","Spielberg himself , who depicted aliens in Close Encounters of the Third Kind and E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial , resisted it .","Lucas came up with a story , which Jeb Stuart turned into a script from October 1993 to May 1994 .","( Stuart had previously written The Fugitive , which starred Ford . )","Lucas wanted Indiana to get married , which would allow Henry Jones , Sr. to return , expressing concern over whether his son is happy with what he has accomplished .","After he learned that Joseph Stalin was interested in psychic warfare , he decided to have Soviets as the villains and the aliens to have psychic powers .","Following Stuart 's next draft , Lucas hired Last Crusade writer Jeffrey Boam to write the next three versions , the last of which was completed in March 1996 .","Three months later , Independence Day was released , and Spielberg told Lucas he would not make another alien invasion film .","Lucas decided to focus on the Star Wars prequels ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8520560709193998489","input":"who urged the passing of the league of nations and wrote the famous fourteen points","passages":[{"title":"Woodrow Wilson","text":"Though the administration had achieved the desired result , it was a pyrrhic victory , as Carranza 's lieutenant , Pancho Villa , presented a more serious threat in 1916 . In early 1916 Pancho Villa raided Columbus , an American town in New Mexico , killing eighteen Americans and causing an enormous nationwide demand for his punishment . Wilson ordered Gen. John Pershing and 4000 troops into northern Mexico to capture Villa , which they were unable to do even as Pershing continued his pursuit deep into Mexico . President Carranza then pivoted against the Americans and accused them of a punitive invasion . However tensions subsided and bilateral negotiations began . The issue had become a possible war with Germany so Wilson ended Pershing 's diversion into Mexico in February 1917 . In January , Germany 's foreign minister sent Mexico the Zimmermann Telegram inviting it to join in war against the United States . Washington learned of the Zimmermann proposal on February 23 and d\u00e9tente with Mexico was essential . Wilson accorded Carranza diplomatic recognition in April , after Congress declared war on Germany . Biographer Arthur Link calls it Carranza 's victory -- his successful handling of the chaos inside Mexico , as well as over Wilson 's policies . Mexico was now free to develop its revolution without American pressure . Pershing became a national figure . Wilson selected him to command the American forces being sent to fight in France . Miners","sentences":["Though the administration had achieved the desired result , it was a pyrrhic victory , as Carranza 's lieutenant , Pancho Villa , presented a more serious threat in 1916 .","In early 1916 Pancho Villa raided Columbus , an American town in New Mexico , killing eighteen Americans and causing an enormous nationwide demand for his punishment .","Wilson ordered Gen. John Pershing and 4000 troops into northern Mexico to capture Villa , which they were unable to do even as Pershing continued his pursuit deep into Mexico .","President Carranza then pivoted against the Americans and accused them of a punitive invasion .","However tensions subsided and bilateral negotiations began .","The issue had become a possible war with Germany so Wilson ended Pershing 's diversion into Mexico in February 1917 .","In January , Germany 's foreign minister sent Mexico the Zimmermann Telegram inviting it to join in war against the United States .","Washington learned of the Zimmermann proposal on February 23 and d\u00e9tente with Mexico was essential .","Wilson accorded Carranza diplomatic recognition in April , after Congress declared war on Germany .","Biographer Arthur Link calls it Carranza 's victory -- his successful handling of the chaos inside Mexico , as well as over Wilson 's policies .","Mexico was now free to develop its revolution without American pressure .","Pershing became a national figure .","Wilson selected him to command the American forces being sent to fight in France .","Miners"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6732877483550460323","input":"what episode does piccolo come back to life","passages":[{"title":"List of Dragon Ball Z episodes (season 9)","text":"Goku and Vegeta cut down the cocoons , and as they do , Super Buu regresses to his normal form . Dende and Hercule continue to follow Buu . Back inside Majin Buu , Goku and Vegeta also find the fat Majin Buu . They read his thoughts to find out what happened to him . Suddenly , a thought form of Super Buu himself appears . The two join forces to defeat it , but once they do , another one appears . They realize that this is a battle they can not win . Buu finally decides that he 's had enough , and he tries to absorb Goku and Vegeta .","sentences":["Goku and Vegeta cut down the cocoons , and as they do , Super Buu regresses to his normal form .","Dende and Hercule continue to follow Buu .","Back inside Majin Buu , Goku and Vegeta also find the fat Majin Buu .","They read his thoughts to find out what happened to him .","Suddenly , a thought form of Super Buu himself appears .","The two join forces to defeat it , but once they do , another one appears .","They realize that this is a battle they can not win .","Buu finally decides that he 's had enough , and he tries to absorb Goku and Vegeta ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8285186799553224542","input":"where did the civil war come to an end","passages":[{"title":"Conclusion of the American Civil War","text":"I have summoned you together for the last time . The vision we have cherished of a free and independent country , has vanished , and that country is now the spoil of a conqueror . I disband your organization in preference to surrendering it to our enemies . I am no longer your commander . After association of more than two eventful years , I part from you with a just pride , in the fame of your achievements , and grateful recollections of your generous kindness to myself . And now at this moment of bidding you a final adieu accept the assurance of my unchanging confidence and regard . Farewell .","sentences":["I have summoned you together for the last time .","The vision we have cherished of a free and independent country , has vanished , and that country is now the spoil of a conqueror .","I disband your organization in preference to surrendering it to our enemies .","I am no longer your commander .","After association of more than two eventful years , I part from you with a just pride , in the fame of your achievements , and grateful recollections of your generous kindness to myself .","And now at this moment of bidding you a final adieu accept the assurance of my unchanging confidence and regard .","Farewell ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1181973697322508640","input":"when was the first time mount rainier erupted","passages":[{"title":"Mount Rainier","text":"Typically , up to five earthquakes are recorded monthly near the summit . Swarms of five to ten shallow earthquakes over two or three days take place from time to time , predominantly in the region of 13,000 feet ( 4 km ) below the summit . These earthquakes are thought to be caused by the circulation of hot fluids beneath Mount Rainier . Presumably , hot springs and steam vents within Mount Rainier National Park are generated by such fluids . Seismic swarms ( not initiated with a mainshock ) are common features at volcanoes , and are rarely associated with eruptive activity . Rainier has had several such swarms ; there were days - long swarms in 2002 , 2004 , and 2007 , two of which ( 2002 and 2004 ) included M 3.2 earthquakes . A 2009 swarm produced the largest number of events of any swarm at Rainier since seismic monitoring began over two decades earlier . Yet another swarm was observed in 2011 .","sentences":["Typically , up to five earthquakes are recorded monthly near the summit .","Swarms of five to ten shallow earthquakes over two or three days take place from time to time , predominantly in the region of 13,000 feet ( 4 km ) below the summit .","These earthquakes are thought to be caused by the circulation of hot fluids beneath Mount Rainier .","Presumably , hot springs and steam vents within Mount Rainier National Park are generated by such fluids .","Seismic swarms ( not initiated with a mainshock ) are common features at volcanoes , and are rarely associated with eruptive activity .","Rainier has had several such swarms ; there were days - long swarms in 2002 , 2004 , and 2007 , two of which ( 2002 and 2004 ) included M 3.2 earthquakes .","A 2009 swarm produced the largest number of events of any swarm at Rainier since seismic monitoring began over two decades earlier .","Yet another swarm was observed in 2011 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7945844040049766866","input":"what are you taking about meaning in hindi","passages":[{"title":"Note-taking","text":"Many different formats are used to structure information and make it easier to find and to understand , later . The format of the initial record may often be informal and \/ or unstructured . One common format for such notes is shorthand , which can allow large amounts of information to be put on paper very quickly . Note - taking is an important skill for students , especially at the college level . In some contexts , such as college lectures , the main purpose of taking notes may be to implant the material in the mind ; the written notes themselves being of secondary importance . Historically , note - taking was an analog process , written in notebooks , or other paper methods like Post-It notes . In the digital age , computers , tablet PCs and personal digital assistants ( PDAs ) are common .","sentences":["Many different formats are used to structure information and make it easier to find and to understand , later .","The format of the initial record may often be informal and \/ or unstructured .","One common format for such notes is shorthand , which can allow large amounts of information to be put on paper very quickly .","Note - taking is an important skill for students , especially at the college level .","In some contexts , such as college lectures , the main purpose of taking notes may be to implant the material in the mind ; the written notes themselves being of secondary importance .","Historically , note - taking was an analog process , written in notebooks , or other paper methods like Post-It notes .","In the digital age , computers , tablet PCs and personal digital assistants ( PDAs ) are common ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3082152167658667226","input":"who wore #86 for the pittsburgh steelers","passages":[{"title":"Ernie Stautner","text":"9 \u00d7 Pro Bowl ( 1952 , 1953 , 1955 -- 1961 ) 10 \u00d7 All - Pro ( 1952 -- 1961 ) 2 \u00d7 Super Bowl champion ( VI , XII ) 1957 Pro Bowl MVP Pittsburgh Steelers # 70 retired NFL 1950s All - Decade Team NFL 50th Anniversary All - Time Team World Bowl champion ( III ) Arena Football League Coach of the Year ( 1990 )","sentences":["9 \u00d7 Pro Bowl ( 1952 , 1953 , 1955 -- 1961 ) 10 \u00d7","All - Pro ( 1952 -- 1961 )","2 \u00d7","Super Bowl champion ( VI , XII ) 1957 Pro Bowl MVP Pittsburgh Steelers # 70 retired NFL 1950s","All - Decade Team","NFL 50th Anniversary All - Time Team World Bowl champion ( III ) Arena Football League Coach of the Year ( 1990 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8840472422936710682","input":"what is the point of the hammersmith and city line","passages":[{"title":"Hammersmith & City line","text":"^ Jump up to : `` Performance : LU Performance Data Almanac '' . Transport for London . 2011 -- 2012 . Retrieved 17 January 2013 . Jump up ^ `` London Underground Key Facts '' . Transport for London . Retrieved 21 May 2008 . ^ Jump up to : `` Hammersmith & City line : Key Facts '' . Transport for London . Retrieved 28 November 2012 . Jump up ^ Green 1987 , pp. 3 -- 5 . Jump up ^ Edwards , Dennis ; Pigram , Ron ( 1988 ) . The Golden Years of the Metropolitan Railway and the Metro - land Dream . Bloomsbury . p. 32 . ISBN 1 - 870630 - 11 - 4 . Jump up ^ Wolmar 2004 , pp. 66 -- 67 . ^ Jump up to : Jackson 1986 , p. 38 . ^ Jump up to : Jackson 1986 , pp. 39 -- 40 . ^ Jump up to : Jackson 1986 , pp. 38 -- 39 . ^ Jump up to : Rose 2007 . Jump up ^ Bruce 1983 , p. 11 . Jump up ^ Green 1987 , p. 11 . Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , pp. 69 -- 71 . Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , p. 109 . Jump up ^ Horne 2006 , pp. 28 -- 29 . ^ Jump up to : Jackson 1986 , p. 185 . Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , pp. 224 , 349 . Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , p. 237 . ^ Jump up to : Horne 2003 , p. 65 . Jump up ^ Bruce 1983 , p. 93 . Jump up ^ Horne 2006 , p. 73 . Jump up ^ Bruce 1983 , p. 95 . Jump up ^ Bruce 1983 , p. 114 . Jump up ^ Croome , Desmond F. ; Jackson , Alan Arthur ( 1993 ) . Rails Through the Clay : A History of London 's Tube Railways . Capital Transport . p. 468 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 85414 - 151 - 4 . Jump up ^ `` London Underground map 1990 '' . The London Tube map archive . Retrieved 21 November 2012 . Jump up ^ `` PPP Performance Report '' ( PDF ) . Transport for London . 2009 -- 2010 . pp. 7 -- 8 . Retrieved 7 March 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Review of the new SSR service pattern introduced in December 2009 '' ( PDF ) . Transport for London . 8 February 2011 . pp. 2 , 8 . Retrieved 31 December 2012 . Jump up ^ Bull , John ; Moore , George ( 9 July 2012 ) . `` In Pictures : The S7 Stock In Passenger Service '' . London Reconnections . Retrieved 16 July 2012 . Jump up ^ Johnson , Marc ( 13 December 2012 ) . `` First S Stock train runs on Hammersmith & City line '' . Rail.co . Retrieved 30 December 2012 . Jump up ^ Hendy , Peter ( December 2013 ) . `` Commissioner 's Report '' ( PDF ) . Transport for London . p. 5 . Retrieved 21 December 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Commissioner 's Report '' ( PDF ) . Transport for London . 26 March 2014 . pp. 3 -- 4 . Retrieved 2 April 2014 . ^ Jump up to : `` Detailed London Transport Map '' . carto.metro.free.fr . Retrieved 23 November 2012 . Jump up ^ Martin , Andrew ( 26 April 2012 ) . Underground , Overground : A Passenger 's History of the Tube . Profile Books . pp. 137 -- 138 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 84765 - 807 - 4 . Retrieved 7 December 2012 . Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , p. 48 . Jump up ^ `` Hammersmith to Barking Hammersmith & City line timetable '' . Transport for London . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . In the Tube timetable - Tube station box select `` Hammersmith ( H&C Line ) '' and press Get Timetable . Select Hammersmith & City line Barking timetable and then view timetable . Jump up ^ `` Standard Tube Map '' ( PDF ) . Transport for London . Retrieved 8 December 2012 . ^ Jump up to : `` Metro -- London , United Kingdom '' . Bombardier . Retrieved 27 January 2011 . Jump up ^ `` Transforming the Tube '' ( PDF ) . Transport for London . July 2008 . Retrieved 28 May 2009 . Jump up ^ `` Rolling Stock : C Stock '' . Transport for London . Retrieved 25 November 2012 . ^ Jump up to : `` Rolling Stock : S stock '' . Transport for London . Retrieved 10 January 2012 . Jump up ^ `` 'S ' stock making its mark '' . Modern Railways . London . December 2010 . p. 46 . Jump up ^ `` Upgrade plan ( leaflet ) '' ( PDF ) . Transport for London . February 2013 . p. 10 . Retrieved 2 March 2013 . ^ Jump up to : Abbott , James . `` Sub-surface renewal '' . Modern Railways ( January 2013 ) : 38 -- 41 . Jump up ^ `` Hammersmith & City line Upgrade Plan '' . Transport for London . Retrieved 8 December 2012 . Jump up ^ Stewart , Rob . `` Cityflo 650 to control the SSR '' . Modern Railways ( January 2013 ) : 42 -- 43 . Jump up ^ `` A World - Class new railway for London and the South - East '' . Crossrail . Retrieved 6 February 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Crossrail business case - Summary Report '' . Crossrail . July 2010 . p. 6 . Retrieved 6 February 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Modernisation complete as Shepherd 's Bush Tube station re-opens '' ( Press release ) . Transport for London . 7 October 2008 . Retrieved 6 February 2013 . Jump up ^ `` New Wood Lane Underground station opens '' ( Press release ) . Transport for London . 14 October 2008 . Retrieved 8 December 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Latimer Road station to close for three months for engineering works '' ( Press release ) . Transport for London . 14 January 2011 . Retrieved 7 February 2013 . Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 244 . Jump up ^ Leboff 1994 , p. 152 . Jump up ^ Leboff 1994 , p. 116 . Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , p. 70 . ^ Jump up to : Butt 1995 , p. 41 . Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 45 . Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 245 . Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 186 . Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 238 . Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 88 . Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 27 .","sentences":["^","Jump up to : `` Performance : LU Performance Data Almanac '' .","Transport for London .","2011 -- 2012 .","Retrieved 17 January 2013 .","Jump up ^ `` London Underground Key Facts '' .","Transport for London .","Retrieved 21 May 2008 .","^","Jump up to : `` Hammersmith & City line : Key Facts '' .","Transport for London .","Retrieved 28 November 2012 .","Jump up ^","Green 1987 , pp. 3 -- 5 .","Jump up ^","Edwards , Dennis ; Pigram , Ron ( 1988 ) .","The Golden Years of the Metropolitan Railway and the Metro - land Dream .","Bloomsbury .","p. 32 .","ISBN 1 - 870630 - 11 - 4 .","Jump up ^ Wolmar 2004 , pp. 66 -- 67 .","^","Jump up to : Jackson 1986 , p. 38 .","^","Jump up to : Jackson 1986 , pp. 39 -- 40 .","^","Jump up to : Jackson 1986 , pp.","38 -- 39 .","^","Jump up to : Rose 2007 .","Jump up ^ Bruce 1983 , p. 11 .","Jump up ^","Green 1987 , p. 11 .","Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , pp. 69 -- 71 .","Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , p. 109 .","Jump up ^ Horne 2006 , pp. 28 -- 29 .","^","Jump up to : Jackson 1986 , p. 185 .","Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , pp.","224 , 349 .","Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , p. 237 .","^","Jump up to : Horne 2003 , p. 65 .","Jump up ^ Bruce 1983 , p. 93 .","Jump up ^ Horne 2006 , p. 73 .","Jump up ^ Bruce 1983 , p. 95 .","Jump up ^ Bruce 1983 , p. 114 .","Jump up ^","Croome , Desmond F. ; Jackson , Alan Arthur ( 1993 ) .","Rails Through the Clay : A History of London 's Tube Railways .","Capital Transport .","p. 468 .","ISBN 978 - 1 - 85414 - 151 - 4 .","Jump up ^ `` London Underground map 1990 '' .","The London Tube map archive .","Retrieved 21 November 2012 .","Jump up ^ `` PPP Performance Report '' ( PDF ) .","Transport for London .","2009 -- 2010 .","pp. 7 -- 8 .","Retrieved 7 March 2012 .","Jump up ^ `` Review of the new SSR service pattern introduced in December 2009 '' ( PDF ) .","Transport for London .","8 February 2011 .","pp.","2 , 8 .","Retrieved 31 December 2012 .","Jump up ^","Bull , John ; Moore , George ( 9 July 2012 ) .","`` In Pictures : The S7 Stock In Passenger Service '' .","London Reconnections .","Retrieved 16 July 2012 .","Jump up ^","Johnson , Marc ( 13 December 2012 ) .","`` First S Stock train runs on Hammersmith & City line '' .","Rail.co .","Retrieved 30 December 2012 .","Jump up ^","Hendy , Peter ( December 2013 ) .","`` Commissioner 's Report '' ( PDF ) .","Transport for London .","p. 5 .","Retrieved 21 December 2013 .","Jump up ^ `` Commissioner 's Report '' ( PDF ) .","Transport for London .","26 March 2014 .","pp. 3 -- 4 .","Retrieved 2 April 2014 .","^","Jump up to : `` Detailed London Transport Map '' .","carto.metro.free.fr .","Retrieved 23 November 2012 .","Jump up ^","Martin , Andrew ( 26 April 2012 ) .","Underground , Overground : A Passenger 's History of the Tube .","Profile Books .","pp. 137 -- 138 .","ISBN 978 - 1 - 84765 - 807 - 4 .","Retrieved 7 December 2012 .","Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , p. 48 .","Jump up ^ `` Hammersmith to Barking Hammersmith & City line timetable '' .","Transport for London .","Retrieved 9 December 2012 .","In the Tube timetable - Tube station box select `` Hammersmith ( H&C Line ) '' and press Get Timetable .","Select Hammersmith & City line Barking timetable and then view timetable .","Jump up ^ `` Standard Tube Map '' ( PDF ) .","Transport for London .","Retrieved 8 December 2012 .","^","Jump up to : `` Metro -- London , United Kingdom '' .","Bombardier .","Retrieved 27 January 2011 .","Jump up ^ `` Transforming the Tube '' ( PDF ) .","Transport for London .","July 2008 .","Retrieved 28 May 2009 .","Jump up ^ `` Rolling Stock : C Stock '' .","Transport for London .","Retrieved 25 November 2012 .","^","Jump up to : `` Rolling Stock : S stock '' .","Transport for London .","Retrieved 10 January 2012 .","Jump up ^ `` 'S ' stock making its mark '' .","Modern Railways .","London .","December 2010 .","p. 46 .","Jump up ^ `` Upgrade plan ( leaflet ) ''","( PDF ) .","Transport for London .","February 2013 .","p. 10 .","Retrieved 2 March 2013 .","^","Jump up to : Abbott , James .","`` Sub-surface renewal '' .","Modern Railways ( January 2013 ) : 38 -- 41 .","Jump up ^ `` Hammersmith & City line Upgrade Plan '' .","Transport for London .","Retrieved 8 December 2012 .","Jump up ^","Stewart , Rob .","`` Cityflo 650 to control the SSR '' .","Modern Railways ( January 2013 ) : 42 -- 43 .","Jump up ^ `` A World - Class new railway for London and the South - East '' .","Crossrail .","Retrieved 6 February 2013 .","Jump up ^ `` Crossrail business case - Summary Report '' .","Crossrail .","July 2010 .","p. 6 .","Retrieved 6 February 2013 .","Jump up ^ `` Modernisation complete as Shepherd 's Bush Tube station re-opens '' ( Press release ) .","Transport for London .","7 October 2008 .","Retrieved 6 February 2013 .","Jump up ^ `` New Wood Lane Underground station opens '' ( Press release ) .","Transport for London .","14 October 2008 .","Retrieved 8 December 2012 .","Jump up ^ `` Latimer Road station to close for three months for engineering works '' ( Press release ) .","Transport for London .","14 January 2011 .","Retrieved 7 February 2013 .","Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 244 .","Jump up ^ Leboff 1994 , p. 152 .","Jump up ^ Leboff 1994 , p. 116 .","Jump up ^ Jackson 1986 , p. 70 .","^","Jump up to : Butt 1995 , p. 41 .","Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 45 .","Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 245 .","Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 186 .","Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 238 .","Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 88 .","Jump up ^ Butt 1995 , p. 27 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-95507613423247701","input":"how do the 6 ecological layers influence provision of education","passages":[{"title":"Social ecological model","text":"The exosystem defines the larger social system in which the child does not directly function . The structures in this layer impact the child 's development by interacting with some structure in his \/ her microsystem . Parent workplace schedules or community - based family resources are examples . The child may not be directly involved at this level , but they do feel the positive or negative force involved with the interaction with their own system . The main exosystems that indirectly influence youth through their family include : school and peers , parents ' workplace , family social networks and neighborhood community contexts , local politics and industry . Exosystems can be empowering ( example : a high quality child - care program that benefits the entire family ) or they can be degrading ( example : excessive stress at work impacts the entire family ) . Furthermore , absence from a system makes it no less powerful in a life . For example , many children realise the stress of their parent 's workplaces without ever physically being in these places . Macrosystem","sentences":["The exosystem defines the larger social system in which the child does not directly function .","The structures in this layer impact the child 's development by interacting with some structure in his \/ her microsystem .","Parent workplace schedules or community - based family resources are examples .","The child may not be directly involved at this level , but they do feel the positive or negative force involved with the interaction with their own system .","The main exosystems that indirectly influence youth through their family include : school and peers , parents ' workplace , family social networks and neighborhood community contexts , local politics and industry .","Exosystems can be empowering ( example : a high quality child - care program that benefits the entire family ) or they can be degrading ( example : excessive stress at work impacts the entire family ) .","Furthermore , absence from a system makes it no less powerful in a life .","For example , many children realise the stress of their parent 's workplaces without ever physically being in these places .","Macrosystem"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8940403140268399197","input":"what is the level of income inequality in the us","passages":[{"title":"Income inequality in the United States","text":"The top 10 tax expenditures totaled $900 billion . This is a proxy for how much they reduced revenues or increased the annual budget deficit . Tax expenditures tend to benefit those at the top and bottom of the income distribution , but less so in the middle . The top 20 % of income earners received approximately 50 % of the benefit from them ; the top 1 % received 17 % of the benefits . The largest single tax expenditure was the exclusion from income of employer sponsored health insurance ( $250 billion ) . Preferential tax rates on capital gains and dividends were $160 billion ; the top 1 % received 68 % of the benefit or $109 billion from lower income tax rates on these types of income .","sentences":["The top 10 tax expenditures totaled $900 billion .","This is a proxy for how much they reduced revenues or increased the annual budget deficit .","Tax expenditures tend to benefit those at the top and bottom of the income distribution , but less so in the middle .","The top 20 % of income earners received approximately 50 % of the benefit from them ; the top 1 % received 17 % of the benefits .","The largest single tax expenditure was the exclusion from income of employer sponsored health insurance ( $250 billion ) .","Preferential tax rates on capital gains and dividends were $160 billion ; the top 1 % received 68 % of the benefit or $109 billion from lower income tax rates on these types of income ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7406486479108312770","input":"where do bullets go shot in the air","passages":[{"title":"Celebratory gunfire","text":"July 1 , 2017 : A 13 - year - old boy , Noah Inman , was struck in his head and killed while playing basketball in the street . January 1 , 2017 : Armando Martinez , a Texas state Representative , was wounded in the head by a stray bullet during a New Year 's celebration . January 1 , 2015 : A 43 - year - old man , Javier Suarez Rivera , was struck in his head and killed while watching fireworks with his family in Houston . July 4 , 2013 : A 7 - year - old boy , Brendon Mackey , was struck in the top of his head and killed while walking with his father shortly before 9 p.m. amid a large crowd prior to the fireworks display over the Swift Creek Reservoir , outside Richmond , Virginia . January 1 , 2013 : A 10 - year - old girl , Aaliyah Boyer , collapsed after being struck in the back of the head while watching the neighborhood fireworks in Eklton , Maryland . She died two days later of her injuries . July 4 , 2012 : A 34 - year - old woman , Michelle Packard , was struck in the head and killed while watching the fireworks with her family . The police believe the shot could have come from a mile away . January 1 , 2010 : A four - year - old boy , Marquel Peters , was struck by a bullet and killed inside his church The Church of God of Prophecy in Decatur , GA . It is presumed the bullet may have penetrated the roof of the church around 12 : 20AM . In March 2008 , Chef Paul Prudhomme was grazed by a . 22 - caliber stray bullet while catering the Zurich Classic of New Orleans golf tournament . He at first thought a bee had stung his arm , required no serious medical attention , and within five minutes was back to cooking for the golf tournament . It was thought to have been a falling bullet . December 28 , 2005 : A 23 - year - old U.S. Army private on leave after basic training fired a 9mm pistol into the air in celebration with friends , according to police , one of the bullets came through a fifth - floor apartment window in the New York City borough of Queens , striking a 28 - year - old mother of two in the eye . Her husband found her lifeless body moments later . The shooter had been drinking the night before and turned himself in to police the next morning when he heard the news . He was charged with second - degree manslaughter and weapons - related crimes , and was later found guilty and sentenced to 4 to 12 years in prison . June 14 , 1999 : Arizona , A 14 - year - old girl , Shannon Smith , was struck on the top of her head by a bullet and killed while in the backyard of her home . This incident resulted in Arizona enacting `` Shannon 's Law '' in 2000 , that made the discharge of a firearm into the air illegal . December 31 , 1994 : Amy Silberman , a tourist from Boston , was killed by a falling bullet from celebratory firing while walking on the Riverwalk in the French Quarter of New Orleans , Louisiana . The Police Department there has been striving to educate the public on the danger since then , frequently making arrests for firing into the air . July 4 , 1950 : Bernard Doyle was killed in his seat while attending a New York Giants game at the Polo Grounds . The bullet was determined to have been fired by Robert Peebles , a juvenile , from an apartment building some distance away on Coogan 's Bluff , presumably in celebration of Independence Day .","sentences":["July 1 , 2017 :","A 13 - year - old boy , Noah Inman , was struck in his head and killed while playing basketball in the street .","January 1 , 2017 : Armando Martinez , a Texas state Representative , was wounded in the head by a stray bullet during a New Year 's celebration .","January 1 , 2015 :","A 43 - year - old man , Javier Suarez Rivera , was struck in his head and killed while watching fireworks with his family in Houston .","July 4 , 2013 :","A 7 - year - old boy , Brendon Mackey , was struck in the top of his head and killed while walking with his father shortly before 9 p.m. amid a large crowd prior to the fireworks display over the Swift Creek Reservoir , outside Richmond , Virginia .","January 1 , 2013 :","A 10 - year - old girl , Aaliyah Boyer , collapsed after being struck in the back of the head while watching the neighborhood fireworks in Eklton , Maryland .","She died two days later of her injuries .","July 4 , 2012 :","A 34 - year - old woman , Michelle Packard , was struck in the head and killed while watching the fireworks with her family .","The police believe the shot could have come from a mile away .","January 1 , 2010 :","A four - year - old boy , Marquel Peters , was struck by a bullet and killed inside his church The Church of God of Prophecy in Decatur , GA .","It is presumed the bullet may have penetrated the roof of the church around 12 : 20AM .","In March 2008 , Chef Paul Prudhomme was grazed by a .","22 - caliber stray bullet while catering the Zurich Classic of New Orleans golf tournament .","He at first thought a bee had stung his arm , required no serious medical attention , and within five minutes was back to cooking for the golf tournament .","It was thought to have been a falling bullet .","December 28 , 2005 :","A 23 - year - old U.S. Army private on leave after basic training fired a 9mm pistol into the air in celebration with friends , according to police , one of the bullets came through a fifth - floor apartment window in the New York City borough of Queens , striking a 28 - year - old mother of two in the eye .","Her husband found her lifeless body moments later .","The shooter had been drinking the night before and turned himself in to police the next morning when he heard the news .","He was charged with second - degree manslaughter and weapons - related crimes , and was later found guilty and sentenced to 4 to 12 years in prison .","June 14 , 1999 :","Arizona , A 14 - year - old girl , Shannon Smith , was struck on the top of her head by a bullet and killed while in the backyard of her home .","This incident resulted in Arizona enacting `` Shannon 's Law '' in 2000 , that made the discharge of a firearm into the air illegal .","December 31 , 1994 : Amy Silberman , a tourist from Boston , was killed by a falling bullet from celebratory firing while walking on the Riverwalk in the French Quarter of New Orleans , Louisiana .","The Police Department there has been striving to educate the public on the danger since then , frequently making arrests for firing into the air .","July 4 , 1950 : Bernard Doyle was killed in his seat while attending a New York Giants game at the Polo Grounds .","The bullet was determined to have been fired by Robert Peebles , a juvenile , from an apartment building some distance away on Coogan 's Bluff , presumably in celebration of Independence Day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7055805429937142877","input":"what is the basis for the quantom mechanical model of the atom","passages":[{"title":"Quantum mechanics","text":"1 2 m p ^ x 2 = E , ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( 2m ) ) ( \\ hat ( p ) ) _ ( x ) ^ ( 2 ) = E , )","sentences":["1 2 m p","^ x","2 = E , ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( 2m ) )","( \\ hat ( p ) )","_ ( x ) ^","( 2 ) = E , )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4488451591364868329","input":"what channel is food network on verizon fios","passages":[{"title":"Food Network","text":"Beginning in 2005 , an annual reality contest , The Next Food Network Star , brought viewers to New York City to compete for their own show on the channel . Previous winners include Dan Smith and Steve McDonagh ( Party Line with The Hearty Boys ) , Guy Fieri ( Guy 's Big Bite , Diners , Drive - Ins and Dives , Guy Off the Hook , Ultimate Recipe Showdown , Guy 's Big Night , Guy 's Family Feast , Guy 's Grocery Games ) , Amy Finley ( The Gourmet Next Door ) , Aaron McCargo , Jr . ( Big Daddy 's House ) , Melissa d'Arabian ( Ten Dollar Dinners ) , and Aarti Sequeira ( Aarti Party ) . For the 2010 season , production of The Next Food Network Star was relocated to Los Angeles . It has become the network 's flagship show . For most of its 13 - year run , season finales of the show have been followed by lead - out shows the network deems has great potential and will draw even more viewers . These consist of either premieres of new shows , season premieres of continuing shows , or episodes of continuing shows that are significant to the schedule . For instance , the most recent season finale of Star was followed by the season premiere of Beat Bobby Flay .","sentences":["Beginning in 2005 , an annual reality contest , The Next Food Network Star , brought viewers to New York City to compete for their own show on the channel .","Previous winners include Dan Smith and Steve McDonagh ( Party Line with The Hearty Boys ) , Guy Fieri ( Guy 's Big Bite , Diners , Drive - Ins and Dives , Guy Off the Hook , Ultimate Recipe Showdown , Guy 's Big Night , Guy 's Family Feast , Guy 's Grocery Games ) , Amy Finley ( The Gourmet Next Door ) , Aaron McCargo , Jr .","( Big Daddy 's House ) , Melissa d'Arabian ( Ten Dollar Dinners ) , and Aarti Sequeira ( Aarti Party ) .","For the 2010 season , production of The Next Food Network Star was relocated to Los Angeles .","It has become the network 's flagship show .","For most of its 13 - year run , season finales of the show have been followed by lead - out shows the network deems has great potential and will draw even more viewers .","These consist of either premieres of new shows , season premieres of continuing shows , or episodes of continuing shows that are significant to the schedule .","For instance , the most recent season finale of Star was followed by the season premiere of Beat Bobby Flay ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-981999697509694807","input":"where was the treaty to end ww2 signed","passages":[{"title":"End of World War II in Europe","text":"End of state of war with Germany was declared by many former Western Allies in 1950 . In the Petersberg Agreement of 22 November 1949 , it was noted that the West German government wanted an end to the state of war , but the request could not be granted . The US state of war with Germany was being maintained for legal reasons , and though it was softened somewhat it was not suspended since `` the US wants to retain a legal basis for keeping a US force in Western Germany '' . At a meeting for the Foreign Ministers of France , the UK , and the US in New York from 12 September -- 19 December 1950 , it was stated that among other measures to strengthen West Germany 's position in the Cold War that the western allies would `` end by legislation the state of war with Germany '' . In 1951 , many former Western Allies did end their state of war with Germany : Australia ( 9 July ) , Canada , Italy , New Zealand , the Netherlands ( 26 July ) , South Africa , the United Kingdom ( 9 July ) , and the United States ( 19 October ) . The state of war between Germany and the Soviet Union was ended in early 1955 .","sentences":["End of state of war with Germany was declared by many former Western Allies in 1950 .","In the Petersberg Agreement of 22 November 1949 , it was noted that the West German government wanted an end to the state of war , but the request could not be granted .","The US state of war with Germany was being maintained for legal reasons , and though it was softened somewhat it was not suspended since `` the US wants to retain a legal basis for keeping a US force in Western Germany '' .","At a meeting for the Foreign Ministers of France , the UK , and the US in New York from 12 September -- 19 December 1950 , it was stated that among other measures to strengthen West Germany 's position in the Cold War that the western allies would `` end by legislation the state of war with Germany '' .","In 1951 , many former Western Allies did end their state of war with Germany : Australia ( 9 July ) , Canada , Italy , New Zealand , the Netherlands ( 26 July ) , South Africa , the United Kingdom ( 9 July ) , and the United States ( 19 October ) .","The state of war between Germany and the Soviet Union was ended in early 1955 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2193225032179119575","input":"when did the first british come to america","passages":[{"title":"History of the United Kingdom","text":"Part of a series on the History of the British Isles Overview ( hide ) United Kingdom England Isle of Wight Isles of Scilly Scotland Shetland Orkney Inner Hebrides Outer Hebrides Wales Anglesey Northern Ireland Ireland Isle of Man ( Mann ) Channel Islands Jersey Guernsey Prehistoric period ( show ) Prehistoric Britain Prehistoric England Prehistoric Scotland Prehistoric Shetland Prehistoric Orkney Prehistoric Wales Prehistoric Ireland Prehistoric Mann Classical period ( show ) Roman Britain Roman Scotland Roman Wales Protohistoric Ireland , Roman Ireland Sub-Roman Britain Medieval period ( show ) Medieval England Early medieval England High medieval England Late medieval England Medieval Scotland Early medieval Scotland High medieval Scotland Late medieval Scotland Medieval Wales Early medieval Wales High medieval Wales Late medieval Wales Medieval Ireland Early medieval Ireland High medieval Ireland Late medieval Ireland Medieval Mann Early modern period ( show ) Early modern Britain Early modern England Early modern Scotland Early modern Wales Early modern Ireland Early modern Mann Late modern period ( show ) United Kingdom ( since 1707 ) Victorian period Edwardian period First World War Interwar period Second World War Post-war period ( political history ) Post-war period ( social history ) Late modern Ireland Late modern Mann","sentences":["Part of a series on the History of the British Isles Overview ( hide ) United Kingdom England Isle of Wight Isles of Scilly Scotland Shetland Orkney Inner Hebrides Outer Hebrides Wales Anglesey Northern Ireland Ireland Isle of Man ( Mann ) Channel Islands Jersey Guernsey Prehistoric period ( show )","Prehistoric Britain Prehistoric England Prehistoric Scotland Prehistoric Shetland Prehistoric Orkney Prehistoric Wales Prehistoric Ireland Prehistoric Mann Classical period ( show )","Roman Britain Roman Scotland Roman Wales Protohistoric Ireland , Roman Ireland Sub-Roman Britain Medieval period ( show )","Medieval England Early medieval England High medieval England Late medieval England Medieval Scotland Early medieval Scotland High medieval Scotland Late medieval Scotland Medieval Wales","Early medieval Wales High medieval Wales Late medieval Wales Medieval Ireland Early medieval Ireland High medieval Ireland Late medieval Ireland Medieval Mann Early modern period ( show )","Early modern Britain Early modern England Early modern Scotland Early modern Wales Early modern Ireland Early modern Mann Late modern period ( show ) United Kingdom ( since 1707 ) Victorian period Edwardian period First World War Interwar period Second World War Post-war period ( political history )","Post-war period ( social history )","Late modern Ireland Late modern Mann"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3129891149311546912","input":"who gave the most accurate value of pi","passages":[{"title":"Pi","text":"The first recorded algorithm for rigorously calculating the value of \u03c0 was a geometrical approach using polygons , devised around 250 BC by the Greek mathematician Archimedes . This polygonal algorithm dominated for over 1,000 years , and as a result \u03c0 is sometimes referred to as `` Archimedes ' constant '' . Archimedes computed upper and lower bounds of \u03c0 by drawing a regular hexagon inside and outside a circle , and successively doubling the number of sides until he reached a 96 - sided regular polygon . By calculating the perimeters of these polygons , he proved that 223 \/ 71 < \u03c0 < 22 \/ 7 ( that is 3.1408 < \u03c0 < 3.1429 ) . Archimedes ' upper bound of 22 \/ 7 may have led to a widespread popular belief that \u03c0 is equal to 22 \/ 7 . Around 150 AD , Greek - Roman scientist Ptolemy , in his Almagest , gave a value for \u03c0 of 3.1416 , which he may have obtained from Archimedes or from Apollonius of Perga . Mathematicians using polygonal algorithms reached 39 digits of \u03c0 in 1630 , a record only broken in 1699 when infinite series were used to reach 71 digits . Archimedes","sentences":["The first recorded algorithm for rigorously calculating the value of \u03c0 was a geometrical approach using polygons , devised around 250 BC by the Greek mathematician Archimedes .","This polygonal algorithm dominated for over 1,000 years , and as a result \u03c0 is sometimes referred to as `` Archimedes ' constant '' .","Archimedes computed upper and lower bounds of \u03c0 by drawing a regular hexagon inside and outside a circle , and successively doubling the number of sides until he reached a 96 - sided regular polygon .","By calculating the perimeters of these polygons , he proved that 223 \/ 71 <","\u03c0 < 22 \/ 7 ( that is 3.1408 <","\u03c0 < 3.1429 ) .","Archimedes ' upper bound of 22 \/ 7 may have led to a widespread popular belief that \u03c0 is equal to 22 \/ 7 .","Around 150 AD , Greek - Roman scientist Ptolemy , in his Almagest , gave a value for \u03c0 of 3.1416 , which he may have obtained from Archimedes or from Apollonius of Perga .","Mathematicians using polygonal algorithms reached 39 digits of \u03c0 in 1630 , a record only broken in 1699 when infinite series were used to reach 71 digits .","Archimedes"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7182423446100061410","input":"the one where monica cuts off chandler's toe","passages":[{"title":"The One with All the Thanksgivings","text":"Elliott Gould and Christina Pickles reprised their roles as Jack and Judy Geller . The set for the Geller house was used previously in `` The One Where Joey Moves Out '' , for Jack 's birthday party and in the season seven episode `` The One Where Rosita Dies '' , when Ross and Monica visit their parent 's garage . The flashback in Thanksgiving 1987 was Monica and Chandler 's first meeting along with Rachel and Chandler . Bright commented that the show tries not to contradict itself ; `` once we establish something , we try not to undo it . '' In `` The Pilot '' it appears Rachel meets Chandler for the first time . She also meets him in a later flashback episode , `` The One Where The Stripper Cries '' . To excuse the continuity error , Bright adds they do not remember each other meeting because they look different .","sentences":["Elliott Gould and Christina Pickles reprised their roles as Jack and Judy Geller .","The set for the Geller house was used previously in `` The One Where Joey Moves Out '' , for Jack 's birthday party and in the season seven episode `` The One Where Rosita Dies '' , when Ross and Monica visit their parent 's garage .","The flashback in Thanksgiving 1987 was Monica and Chandler 's first meeting along with Rachel and Chandler .","Bright commented that the show tries not to contradict itself ; `` once we establish something , we try not to undo it . ''","In `` The Pilot '' it appears Rachel meets Chandler for the first time .","She also meets him in a later flashback episode , `` The One Where The Stripper Cries '' .","To excuse the continuity error , Bright adds they do not remember each other meeting because they look different ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8652715960292603427","input":"when did manila become the first international meeting destination in southeast asia","passages":[{"title":"History of Manila","text":"This article 's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out - of - date information . In particular : this article reflects historical paradigms about early Philippine history which have since been refined or disproven by critical historiographers and anthropologists . Most urgently , it needs to reflect current academic consensus on the indigenous Malayo - Polynesian roots of early Philippine cultures , and the structure of thassalocratic power relations in pre-16th century Maritime Southeast Asia . It needs to be updated to reflect current scholarly consensus , as reflected in relevant peer - reviewed academic journal articles . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information . ( July 2017 )","sentences":["This article 's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out - of - date information .","In particular : this article reflects historical paradigms about early Philippine history which have since been refined or disproven by critical historiographers and anthropologists .","Most urgently , it needs to reflect current academic consensus on the indigenous Malayo - Polynesian roots of early Philippine cultures , and the structure of thassalocratic power relations in pre-16th century Maritime Southeast Asia .","It needs to be updated to reflect current scholarly consensus , as reflected in relevant peer - reviewed academic journal articles .","Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information .","( July 2017 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8652376300058430071","input":"why river indus is called lifeline for pakistan","passages":[{"title":"Indus River","text":"The northern part of the Indus Valley , with its tributaries , forms the Punjab region , while the lower course of the Indus is known as Sindh and ends in a large delta . The river has historically been important to many cultures of the region . The 3rd millennium BC saw the rise of a major urban civilization of the Bronze Age . During the 2nd millennium BC , the Punjab region was mentioned in the hymns of the Hindu Rigveda as Sapta Sindhu and the Zoroastrian Avesta as Hapta Hindu ( both terms meaning `` seven rivers '' ) . Early historical kingdoms that arose in the Indus Valley include Gandh\u0101ra , and the Ror dynasty of Sauv\u012bra . The Indus River came into the knowledge of the West early in the Classical Period , when King Darius of Persia sent his Greek subject Scylax of Caryanda to explore the river , ca . 515 BC .","sentences":["The northern part of the Indus Valley , with its tributaries , forms the Punjab region , while the lower course of the Indus is known as Sindh and ends in a large delta .","The river has historically been important to many cultures of the region .","The 3rd millennium BC saw the rise of a major urban civilization of the Bronze Age .","During the 2nd millennium BC , the Punjab region was mentioned in the hymns of the Hindu Rigveda as Sapta Sindhu and the Zoroastrian Avesta as Hapta Hindu ( both terms meaning `` seven rivers '' ) .","Early historical kingdoms that arose in the Indus Valley include Gandh\u0101ra , and the Ror dynasty of Sauv\u012bra .","The Indus River came into the knowledge of the West early in the Classical Period , when King Darius of Persia sent his Greek subject Scylax of Caryanda to explore the river , ca .","515 BC ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7846031103090845166","input":"how is the relationship between the concepts of cognition and nutrition best expressed","passages":[{"title":"Nutrition and cognition","text":"Differences lie in the presentation of megaloblastic anemia induced by either folate or B deficiency . Megaloblastic anemia related to deficiency in B generally results in peripheral neuropathy , whereas folate - related anemia often results in affective , or mood disorders . Neurological effects are not often associated with folate - related megaloblastic anemia , although demyelinating disorders may eventually present . In one study , mood disturbances were recorded for the majority of patients presenting with megaloblastic anemia in the absence of B deficiency . In addition , folate concentrations within blood plasma have been found to be lower in patients with both unipolar and bipolar depressive disorders when compared with control groups . In addition , depressive groups with low folate concentrations responded less well to standard antidepressant therapy than did those with normal levels within plasma . However , replication of these findings are less robust .","sentences":["Differences lie in the presentation of megaloblastic anemia induced by either folate or B deficiency .","Megaloblastic anemia related to deficiency in B generally results in peripheral neuropathy , whereas folate - related anemia often results in affective , or mood disorders .","Neurological effects are not often associated with folate - related megaloblastic anemia , although demyelinating disorders may eventually present .","In one study , mood disturbances were recorded for the majority of patients presenting with megaloblastic anemia in the absence of B deficiency .","In addition , folate concentrations within blood plasma have been found to be lower in patients with both unipolar and bipolar depressive disorders when compared with control groups .","In addition , depressive groups with low folate concentrations responded less well to standard antidepressant therapy than did those with normal levels within plasma .","However , replication of these findings are less robust ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7841578443218826227","input":"when did the cross river gorilla become endangered","passages":[{"title":"Cross River gorilla","text":"In 2007 , a survey was conducted in 5 villages in the aim of assessing taboos against hunting and eating these endangered species . In the Lebialem division of Cameroon , 86 % of the population were in favour of the conservation of these species , seeing them as important morphological counterparts to humans which , in the case of their dying out , would cause the demise of their human totemic counterparts . One reason for the decline of cross-river gorillas was believed to be the decline of adhering to these totemic practices among younger people in the 18 to 25 year age range . Regardless , this taboo is still in place and it still strongly discourages hunting of those endangered species . These totemic traditions are believed to be critical to the species ' continued survival and well - being . The recurrent revival of these beliefs and practices are seen was a way to reinforce the conservation of these species , especially in the absence of real law enforcement due to a lack of governance . While this could also foster support from different villages and communities , and preserve their culture , care must be taken when selecting these practices as some could encourage their killing . Largely because of many taboos , in the past 15 years , there has not been any Cross River gorilla hunting incidents . The presence of a taboo prohibiting their persecution has been considered an extremely successful local conservation strategy .","sentences":["In 2007 , a survey was conducted in 5 villages in the aim of assessing taboos against hunting and eating these endangered species .","In the Lebialem division of Cameroon , 86 % of the population were in favour of the conservation of these species , seeing them as important morphological counterparts to humans which , in the case of their dying out , would cause the demise of their human totemic counterparts .","One reason for the decline of cross-river gorillas was believed to be the decline of adhering to these totemic practices among younger people in the 18 to 25 year age range .","Regardless , this taboo is still in place and it still strongly discourages hunting of those endangered species .","These totemic traditions are believed to be critical to the species ' continued survival and well - being .","The recurrent revival of these beliefs and practices are seen was a way to reinforce the conservation of these species , especially in the absence of real law enforcement due to a lack of governance .","While this could also foster support from different villages and communities , and preserve their culture , care must be taken when selecting these practices as some could encourage their killing .","Largely because of many taboos , in the past 15 years , there has not been any Cross River gorilla hunting incidents .","The presence of a taboo prohibiting their persecution has been considered an extremely successful local conservation strategy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1723485076733692987","input":"what three colonies were formed from the lands originally called carolina","passages":[{"title":"North Carolina","text":"On November 21 , 1789 , North Carolina became the twelfth state to ratify the Constitution . In 1840 , it completed the state capitol building in Raleigh , still standing today . Most of North Carolina 's slave owners and large plantations were located in the eastern portion of the state . Although North Carolina 's plantation system was smaller and less cohesive than that of Virginia , Georgia , or South Carolina , significant numbers of planters were concentrated in the counties around the port cities of Wilmington and Edenton , as well as suburban planters around the cities of Raleigh , Charlotte , and Durham in the Piedmont . Planters owning large estates wielded significant political and socio - economic power in antebellum North Carolina , which was a slave society . They placed their interests above those of the generally non-slave - holding `` yeoman '' farmers of western North Carolina . In mid-century , the state 's rural and commercial areas were connected by the construction of a 129 - mile ( 208 km ) wooden plank road , known as a `` farmer 's railroad '' , from Fayetteville in the east to Bethania ( northwest of Winston - Salem ) . Map","sentences":["On November 21 , 1789 , North Carolina became the twelfth state to ratify the Constitution .","In 1840 , it completed the state capitol building in Raleigh , still standing today .","Most of North Carolina 's slave owners and large plantations were located in the eastern portion of the state .","Although North Carolina 's plantation system was smaller and less cohesive than that of Virginia , Georgia , or South Carolina , significant numbers of planters were concentrated in the counties around the port cities of Wilmington and Edenton , as well as suburban planters around the cities of Raleigh , Charlotte , and Durham in the Piedmont .","Planters owning large estates wielded significant political and socio - economic power in antebellum North Carolina , which was a slave society .","They placed their interests above those of the generally non-slave - holding `` yeoman '' farmers of western North Carolina .","In mid-century , the state 's rural and commercial areas were connected by the construction of a 129 - mile ( 208 km ) wooden plank road , known as a `` farmer 's railroad '' , from Fayetteville in the east to Bethania ( northwest of Winston - Salem ) .","Map"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1427082627938049591","input":"when does the next season of salem come out on netflix","passages":[{"title":"Salem (TV series)","text":"Salem Genre Horror Supernatural fiction Drama Thriller Created by Brannon Braga Adam Simon Starring Janet Montgomery Shane West Seth Gabel Tamzin Merchant Ashley Madekwe Elise Eberle Iddo Goldberg Xander Berkeley Joe Doyle Oliver Bell Theme music composer Marilyn Manson Tyler Bates Opening theme `` Cupid Carries a Gun '' Composer ( s ) Tyler Bates Country of origin United States Original language ( s ) English No. of seasons No. of episodes 36 ( list of episodes ) Production Executive producer ( s ) Brannon Braga David Von Ancken Kelly Souders Josh S. Barry Jeff Kwatinetz Joe Menosky Elizabeth Sarnoff Tricia Small Adam Simon Jon Harmon Feldman Richard Shepard Brian Wayne Peterson Josh S. Barry Producer ( s ) Brannon Braga Coby Greenberg David Von Ancken Danielle Weinstock Location ( s ) Shreveport , Louisiana Cinematography Mark Vargo Michael Goi Sarah Cawley Editor ( s ) Rick Tuber Scott Boyd Dan Liu Carole Kravitz Aykanian Monty DeGraff John Duffy Jo Francis Nina Lucia Misha Syeed Running time 45 minutes Production company ( s ) Beetlecod Productions Prospect Park ( 2014 -- 15 ) The Firm ( 2016 -- 17 ) Fox 21 ( 2014 ) Fox 21 Television Studios ( 2015 -- 17 ) Distributor 20th Television Release Original network WGN America Original release April 20 , 2014 ( 2014 - 04 - 20 ) -- January 25 , 2017 ( 2017 - 01 - 25 ) External links Official website www.wgnamerica.com\/series\/salem","sentences":["Salem Genre Horror Supernatural fiction Drama Thriller Created by Brannon Braga Adam Simon Starring Janet Montgomery Shane West Seth Gabel Tamzin Merchant Ashley Madekwe Elise Eberle Iddo Goldberg Xander Berkeley Joe Doyle Oliver Bell Theme music composer Marilyn Manson Tyler Bates Opening theme `` Cupid Carries a Gun '' Composer ( s ) Tyler Bates Country of origin United States Original language ( s ) English No. of seasons","No. of episodes 36 ( list of episodes ) Production Executive producer ( s ) Brannon Braga David Von Ancken Kelly Souders Josh S. Barry Jeff Kwatinetz Joe Menosky Elizabeth Sarnoff Tricia Small Adam Simon Jon Harmon Feldman Richard Shepard Brian Wayne Peterson Josh S. Barry Producer ( s ) Brannon Braga Coby Greenberg David Von Ancken Danielle Weinstock Location ( s ) Shreveport , Louisiana Cinematography Mark Vargo Michael Goi Sarah Cawley Editor ( s )","Rick Tuber Scott Boyd Dan Liu Carole Kravitz Aykanian Monty DeGraff John Duffy Jo Francis Nina Lucia Misha Syeed Running time 45 minutes Production company ( s )","Beetlecod Productions Prospect Park ( 2014 -- 15 )","The Firm ( 2016 -- 17 ) Fox 21 ( 2014 )","Fox 21 Television Studios ( 2015 -- 17 ) Distributor 20th Television Release Original network WGN America Original release April 20 , 2014 ( 2014 - 04 - 20 ) -- January 25 , 2017 ( 2017 - 01 - 25 )","External links Official website www.wgnamerica.com\/series\/salem"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2982873073740723153","input":"when does my hero academia season 2 dub come out","passages":[{"title":"List of My Hero Academia episodes","text":"No . Title Original airdate English airdate `` Izuku Midoriya : Origin '' `` Midoriya Izuku : Orijin '' ( \u7dd1 \u8c37 \u51fa \u4e45 : \u30aa\u30ea\u30b8\u30f3 ) April 3 , 2016 May 5 , 2018 In a world where most of the population is gifted with special powers known as `` Quirks '' , Izuku Midoriya is a young boy who always dreamed of becoming a hero , despite not having a Quirk himself , until one day he is attacked by a villain and is rescued by no other than All Might , the most famous hero ever and his idol since childhood . `` What It Takes to Be a Hero '' `` Hiro no Jouken '' ( \u30d2\u30fc\u30ed\u30fc \u306e \u6761\u4ef6 ) April 10 , 2016 May 12 , 2018 Izuku discovers that All Might 's true form is that of a frail , emaciated man , who suffered a massive injury years ago . All Might tells Izuku that he should give up on being a hero and focus on a more realistic dream . Disheartened , Izuku makes his way home , only to see his classmate and bully Katsuki Bakug\u014d attacked by a villain . With no heroes around able to fight the villain , Izuku , without any thought given , rushes in . `` Roaring Muscles '' `` Unare kin'niku '' ( \u3046\u306a\u308c \u7b4b\u8089 ) April 17 , 2016 May 19 , 2018 All Might tells Izuku of his quirk , `` One For All '' , a special quirk that transfers its strength from person to person . While All Might believes Izuku to be worthy of his quirk , bestowing it to him right away would ruin his untrained body . All Might then designs a ten - month training regimen to ensure that Izuku can become a vessel that can carry it . `` Start Line '' `` Sutaatorain '' ( \u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30c8 \u30e9\u30a4\u30f3 ) April 24 , 2016 June 2 , 2018 After receiving All Might 's Quirk , the time has come for Izuku to attend the exams for the prestigious U.A. High School for heroes in training . During the practical exam , Izuku gets himself in a pinch and is about to fail until one of his fellow examinees finds herself in serious danger and he runs to her rescue . 5 `` What I Can Do For Now '' `` Ima Boku ni Dekiru Koto wo '' ( \u4eca \u50d5 \u306b \u51fa\u6765\u308b \u3053\u3068 \u3092 ) May 1 , 2016 June 9 , 2018 It 's Izuku 's first day as a student of U.A. High School . However , his homeroom teacher Sh\u014dta Aizawa decides to hold a physical test to evaluate how the students use their Quirks . Mr. Aizawa threatens the worst ranked student with expulsion , and Izuku finds himself in another predicament as he still has not learned to control his Quirk properly . 6 `` Rage , You Damned Nerd '' `` Takere Kuson\u0101do '' ( \u731b \u308c \u30af\u30bd\u30ca\u30fc\u30c9 ) May 8 , 2016 June 16 , 2018 Now donning their own hero costumes , the students are assigned to a mock battle between teams of two to test their combat abilities . Izuku is paired with Ochako Uraraka , the girl he helped during the entrance exams who also becomes his friend much to his joy . However , also to his dismay , one of his opponents is Bakug\u014d , who always mocked him for his quirklessness , and is now furious at him . 7 `` Deku vs. Kacchan '' ( \u30c7\u30af vs \u304b\u3063\u3061\u3083\u3093 ) May 15 , 2016 -- The mock battle continues with Izuku barely holding against Bakug\u014d 's devastating attacks , leaving Ochako to face the other opponent Tenya Iida by herself . As the time limit approaches , Izuku seems to have no option but to use his Quirk against Bakug\u014d in an attempt to defeat him , until he comes up with a better idea . 8 `` Bakug\u014d 's Starting Line '' `` Sut\u0101to Rain , Bakug\u014d no . '' ( \u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30c8 \u30e9\u30a4\u30f3 \u3001 \u7206 \u8c6a \u306e . ) May 22 , 2016 -- After losing against Izuku in the mock battle , Bakug\u014d watches the rest of his classmates in action and realizes that he still has a long way to stand above his peers . After recovering from his injuries , Izuku attempts to cheer him up , to the point of sharing with him parts of his secret . Meanwhile , news that All Might is teaching at U.A. are received by some individuals with contempt . 9 `` Yeah , Just Do Your Best , Iida ! '' `` Ii zo Ganbare \u012ada - kun ! '' ( \u3044\u3044 \u305e \u30ac\u30f3\u30d0\u30ec \u98ef\u7530 \u304f\u3093 ! ) May 29 , 2016 -- Izuku is chosen as the class president , much to his surprise , but he ends up relinquishing the position to Iida when he and his friends find him more suitable for the position . The students are then assigned to another field exercise , but before it begins , a horde of villains suddenly appear before them . 10 `` Encounter with the Unknown '' `` Michi to no S\u014dg\u016b '' ( \u672a\u77e5 \u3068 \u306e \u906d\u9047 ) June 5 , 2016 -- The villains use their powers to scatter and ambush the students in order to attract All Might for a trap . Izuku ends up stranded and surrounded on a boat along with his classmates Tsuyu Asui and Minoru Mineta , but after learning more about their powers , he comes up with a plan to turn the tides literally . Elsewhere , Iida is chosen by the others to break through the enemy trap and call for help . 11 `` Game Over '' `` G\u0113mu \u014cb\u0101 '' ( \u30b2\u30fc\u30e0 \u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc ) June 12 , 2016 -- The students fight for their lives against the Villains while Iida manages to escape with his friends ' help . Once it 's clear that Iida will warn the other teachers who will come to stop them , the Villains ' leader Tomura Shigaraki decides to kill Izuku and his friends just to hurt All Might 's pride before they leave , when All Might himself appears . 12 `` All Might '' `` \u014crumaito '' ( \u30aa\u30fc\u30eb \u30de\u30a4\u30c8 ) June 19 , 2016 -- Shigaraki unleashes his secret weapon , the multi-quirk monster called `` Noumu '' against All Might , who finds himself in a pinch , until Izuku and some other students arrive to assist him , but All Might has little time left before he runs out of power to defeat the creature in order to protect the school . 13 `` In Each of our Hearts '' `` Onoono no Mune ni '' ( \u5404\u3005 \u306e \u80f8 \u306b ) June 26 , 2016 -- Although he was able to defeat the Noumu , All Might has no energy left and is defenseless against Shigaraki , but Izuku manages to stall the enemy long enough for the other teachers to arrive and force him to retreat . As the leftover Villains are captured and the students are rescued , All Might thanks Izuku for saving his life , but elsewhere , Shigaraki confers with his master , implying that their feud against the Heroes is just beginning .","sentences":["No .","Title Original airdate English airdate `` Izuku Midoriya : Origin '' `` Midoriya Izuku : Orijin '' ( \u7dd1 \u8c37 \u51fa \u4e45 : \u30aa\u30ea\u30b8\u30f3 )","April 3 , 2016 May 5 , 2018 In a world where most of the population is gifted with special powers known as `` Quirks '' , Izuku Midoriya is a young boy who always dreamed of becoming a hero , despite not having a Quirk himself , until one day he is attacked by a villain and is rescued by no other than All Might , the most famous hero ever and his idol since childhood .","`` What It Takes to Be a Hero '' `` Hiro no Jouken '' ( \u30d2\u30fc\u30ed\u30fc \u306e \u6761\u4ef6 )","April 10 , 2016 May 12 , 2018 Izuku discovers that All Might 's true form is that of a frail , emaciated man , who suffered a massive injury years ago .","All Might tells Izuku that he should give up on being a hero and focus on a more realistic dream .","Disheartened , Izuku makes his way home , only to see his classmate and bully Katsuki Bakug\u014d attacked by a villain .","With no heroes around able to fight the villain , Izuku , without any thought given , rushes in .","`` Roaring Muscles '' `` Unare kin'niku ''","( \u3046\u306a\u308c \u7b4b\u8089 )","April 17 , 2016 May 19 , 2018 All Might tells Izuku of his quirk , `` One For All '' , a special quirk that transfers its strength from person to person .","While All Might believes Izuku to be worthy of his quirk , bestowing it to him right away would ruin his untrained body .","All Might then designs a ten - month training regimen to ensure that Izuku can become a vessel that can carry it .","`` Start Line '' `` Sutaatorain '' ( \u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30c8 \u30e9\u30a4\u30f3 )","April 24 , 2016 June 2 , 2018 After receiving All Might 's Quirk , the time has come for Izuku to attend the exams for the prestigious U.A. High School for heroes in training .","During the practical exam , Izuku gets himself in a pinch and is about to fail until one of his fellow examinees finds herself in serious danger and he runs to her rescue .","5 `` What I Can Do For Now '' `` Ima Boku ni Dekiru Koto wo '' ( \u4eca \u50d5 \u306b \u51fa\u6765\u308b \u3053\u3068 \u3092 )","May 1 , 2016 June 9 , 2018","It 's Izuku 's first day as a student of U.A. High School .","However , his homeroom teacher Sh\u014dta Aizawa decides to hold a physical test to evaluate how the students use their Quirks .","Mr. Aizawa threatens the worst ranked student with expulsion , and Izuku finds himself in another predicament as he still has not learned to control his Quirk properly .","6 `` Rage , You Damned Nerd '' `` Takere Kuson\u0101do '' ( \u731b \u308c \u30af\u30bd\u30ca\u30fc\u30c9 )","May 8 , 2016 June 16 , 2018 Now donning their own hero costumes , the students are assigned to a mock battle between teams of two to test their combat abilities .","Izuku is paired with Ochako Uraraka , the girl he helped during the entrance exams who also becomes his friend much to his joy .","However , also to his dismay , one of his opponents is Bakug\u014d , who always mocked him for his quirklessness , and is now furious at him .","7 `` Deku vs. Kacchan '' ( \u30c7\u30af vs \u304b\u3063\u3061\u3083\u3093 )","May 15 , 2016 --","The mock battle continues with Izuku barely holding against Bakug\u014d 's devastating attacks , leaving Ochako to face the other opponent Tenya Iida by herself .","As the time limit approaches , Izuku seems to have no option but to use his Quirk against Bakug\u014d in an attempt to defeat him , until he comes up with a better idea .","8 `` Bakug\u014d 's Starting Line '' `` Sut\u0101to Rain , Bakug\u014d no . ''","( \u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30c8 \u30e9\u30a4\u30f3 \u3001 \u7206 \u8c6a \u306e . )","May 22 , 2016 -- After losing against Izuku in the mock battle , Bakug\u014d watches the rest of his classmates in action and realizes that he still has a long way to stand above his peers .","After recovering from his injuries , Izuku attempts to cheer him up , to the point of sharing with him parts of his secret .","Meanwhile , news that All Might is teaching at U.A. are received by some individuals with contempt .","9 `` Yeah , Just Do Your Best , Iida ! ''","`` Ii zo Ganbare \u012ada - kun ! ''","( \u3044\u3044 \u305e \u30ac\u30f3\u30d0\u30ec \u98ef\u7530 \u304f\u3093 ! )","May 29 , 2016 --","Izuku is chosen as the class president , much to his surprise , but he ends up relinquishing the position to Iida when he and his friends find him more suitable for the position .","The students are then assigned to another field exercise , but before it begins , a horde of villains suddenly appear before them .","10 `` Encounter with the Unknown '' `` Michi to no S\u014dg\u016b '' ( \u672a\u77e5 \u3068 \u306e \u906d\u9047 ) June 5 , 2016 --","The villains use their powers to scatter and ambush the students in order to attract All Might for a trap .","Izuku ends up stranded and surrounded on a boat along with his classmates Tsuyu Asui and Minoru Mineta , but after learning more about their powers , he comes up with a plan to turn the tides literally .","Elsewhere , Iida is chosen by the others to break through the enemy trap and call for help .","11 `` Game Over '' `` G\u0113mu \u014cb\u0101 '' ( \u30b2\u30fc\u30e0 \u30aa\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc )","June 12 , 2016 --","The students fight for their lives against the Villains while Iida manages to escape with his friends ' help .","Once it 's clear that Iida will warn the other teachers who will come to stop them , the Villains ' leader Tomura Shigaraki decides to kill Izuku and his friends just to hurt All Might 's pride before they leave , when All Might himself appears .","12 `` All Might '' `` \u014crumaito '' ( \u30aa\u30fc\u30eb \u30de\u30a4\u30c8 ) June 19 , 2016 -- Shigaraki unleashes his secret weapon , the multi-quirk monster called `` Noumu '' against All Might , who finds himself in a pinch , until Izuku and some other students arrive to assist him , but All Might has little time left before he runs out of power to defeat the creature in order to protect the school .","13 `` In Each of our Hearts '' `` Onoono no Mune ni ''","( \u5404\u3005 \u306e \u80f8 \u306b )","June 26 , 2016 --","Although he was able to defeat the Noumu , All Might has no energy left and is defenseless against Shigaraki , but Izuku manages to stall the enemy long enough for the other teachers to arrive and force him to retreat .","As the leftover Villains are captured and the students are rescued , All Might thanks Izuku for saving his life , but elsewhere , Shigaraki confers with his master , implying that their feud against the Heroes is just beginning ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6343650720921673980","input":"why is sample mean an unbiased estimator of population mean","passages":[{"title":"Bias of an estimator","text":"X  \u0304 = 1 n \u2211 i = 1 n X i S 2 = 1 n \u2211 i = 1 n ( X i \u2212 X  \u0304 ) 2 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ overline ( X ) ) \\ , = ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( n ) ) \\ sum _ ( i = 1 ) ^ ( n ) X_ ( i ) \\ qquad S ^ ( 2 ) = ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( n ) ) \\ sum _ ( i = 1 ) ^ ( n ) ( \\ big ( ) X_ ( i ) - ( \\ overline ( X ) ) \\ , ( \\ big ) ) ^ ( 2 ) \\ qquad )","sentences":["X  \u0304 = 1 n \u2211 i = 1 n X","i S 2 = 1 n \u2211 i = 1 n ( X i \u2212 X  \u0304 ) 2","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ overline ( X ) )","\\ , = ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( n ) )","\\ sum _","( i = 1 ) ^ ( n ) X_ ( i ) \\ qquad S","^","( 2 ) = ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( n ) )","\\ sum _","( i = 1 ) ^ ( n )","( \\ big ( ) X_ ( i ) - ( \\ overline ( X ) )","\\ , ( \\ big ) )","^ ( 2 ) \\ qquad )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1716575699709275419","input":"the federal court system is established under which article of the constitution answers.com","passages":[{"title":"Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution","text":"Alabama ( August 10 , 1909 ) Kentucky ( February 8 , 1910 ) South Carolina ( February 19 , 1910 ) Illinois ( March 1 , 1910 ) Mississippi ( March 7 , 1910 ) Oklahoma ( March 10 , 1910 ) Maryland ( April 8 , 1910 ) Georgia ( August 3 , 1910 ) Texas ( August 16 , 1910 ) Ohio ( January 19 , 1911 ) Idaho ( January 20 , 1911 ) Oregon ( January 23 , 1911 ) Washington ( January 26 , 1911 ) Montana ( January 27 , 1911 ) Indiana ( January 30 , 1911 ) California ( January 31 , 1911 ) Nevada ( January 31 , 1911 ) South Dakota ( February 1 , 1911 ) Nebraska ( February 9 , 1911 ) North Carolina ( February 11 , 1911 ) Colorado ( February 15 , 1911 ) North Dakota ( February 17 , 1911 ) Michigan ( February 23 , 1911 ) Iowa ( February 24 , 1911 ) Kansas ( March 2 , 1911 ) Missouri ( March 16 , 1911 ) Maine ( March 31 , 1911 ) Tennessee ( April 7 , 1911 ) Arkansas ( April 22 , 1911 ) , after having previously rejected the amendment Wisconsin ( May 16 , 1911 ) New York ( July 12 , 1911 ) Arizona ( April 3 , 1912 ) Minnesota ( June 11 , 1912 ) Louisiana ( June 28 , 1912 ) West Virginia ( January 31 , 1913 ) Delaware ( February 3 , 1913 )","sentences":["Alabama ( August 10 , 1909 ) Kentucky ( February 8 , 1910 )","South Carolina ( February 19 , 1910 )","Illinois ( March 1 , 1910 ) Mississippi ( March 7 , 1910 )","Oklahoma ( March 10 , 1910 ) Maryland ( April 8 , 1910 )","Georgia ( August 3 , 1910 )","Texas ( August 16 , 1910 )","Ohio ( January 19 , 1911 )","Idaho ( January 20 , 1911 ) Oregon ( January 23 , 1911 )","Washington ( January 26 , 1911 )","Montana ( January 27 , 1911 )","Indiana ( January 30 , 1911 )","California ( January 31 , 1911 )","Nevada ( January 31 , 1911 )","South Dakota ( February 1 , 1911 )","Nebraska ( February 9 , 1911 )","North Carolina ( February 11 , 1911 )","Colorado ( February 15 , 1911 )","North Dakota ( February 17 , 1911 ) Michigan ( February 23 , 1911 )","Iowa ( February 24 , 1911 )","Kansas ( March 2 , 1911 ) Missouri ( March 16 , 1911 )","Maine ( March 31 , 1911 )","Tennessee ( April 7 , 1911 )","Arkansas ( April 22 , 1911 ) , after having previously rejected the amendment Wisconsin ( May 16 , 1911 )","New York ( July 12 , 1911 )","Arizona ( April 3 , 1912 )","Minnesota ( June 11 , 1912 )","Louisiana ( June 28 , 1912 )","West Virginia ( January 31 , 1913 )","Delaware ( February 3 , 1913 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3832173564560843913","input":"what filipino value puts one in touch with one's fellow being and is essentially interpersonal","passages":[{"title":"Filipino values","text":"The basic and most important unit of a Filipino 's life is the family . Unlike in Western countries , young Filipinos who turn 18 are not expected to move out of their parents ' home . When a Filipino 's parents are old and can not take care of themselves , they are cared for in their children 's homes and are very rarely brought by their children to Homes for the Aged . The practice of separating the elderly from the rest of the family , while common in Western countries , is often looked down upon in Filipino society . Family lunches with the whole clan with up to 50 people , extending until the line of second cousins , are not unusual . The Filipino puts a great emphasis on the value of family and being close to one 's family members .","sentences":["The basic and most important unit of a Filipino 's life is the family .","Unlike in Western countries , young Filipinos who turn 18 are not expected to move out of their parents ' home .","When a Filipino 's parents are old and can not take care of themselves , they are cared for in their children 's homes and are very rarely brought by their children to Homes for the Aged .","The practice of separating the elderly from the rest of the family , while common in Western countries , is often looked down upon in Filipino society .","Family lunches with the whole clan with up to 50 people , extending until the line of second cousins , are not unusual .","The Filipino puts a great emphasis on the value of family and being close to one 's family members ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1794919827718264787","input":"who played walter briggs on law and order","passages":[{"title":"Steven Hill","text":"Hill became best known , and to an even greater degree than from his role in Mission : Impossible , as Adam Schiff in the NBC TV drama series Law & Order , a part that he played for 10 seasons , from 1990 to 2000 . Hill 's character was loosely modeled on the real former district attorney of New York , Robert Morgenthau , and Morgenthau reportedly was a fan of the character . Hill admitted that he found the character of Adam Schiff the hardest role he ever had , because of all the legal jargon he had to learn . `` It 's like acting in a second language , '' said Hill . Hill added that he agreed with the show 's philosophy , saying that `` there 's a certain positive statement in this show . So much is negative today . The positive must be stated to rescue us from pandemonium . To me it lies in that principle : law and order . '' Hill earned another Emmy nomination for Best Supporting Actor in a Dramatic Series in 1997 .","sentences":["Hill became best known , and to an even greater degree than from his role in Mission : Impossible , as Adam Schiff in the NBC TV drama series Law & Order , a part that he played for 10 seasons , from 1990 to 2000 .","Hill 's character was loosely modeled on the real former district attorney of New York , Robert Morgenthau , and Morgenthau reportedly was a fan of the character .","Hill admitted that he found the character of Adam Schiff the hardest role he ever had , because of all the legal jargon he had to learn .","`` It 's like acting in a second language , '' said Hill .","Hill added that he agreed with the show 's philosophy , saying that `` there 's a certain positive statement in this show .","So much is negative today .","The positive must be stated to rescue us from pandemonium .","To me it lies in that principle : law and order . ''","Hill earned another Emmy nomination for Best Supporting Actor in a Dramatic Series in 1997 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4910394524639437022","input":"y aunque la vida me cueste llorona in english","passages":[{"title":"La Llorona (song)","text":"Sal\u00edas del templo un d\u00eda , Llorona , Cuando al pasar yo te vi , Sal\u00edas del templo un d\u00eda , Llorona , Cuando al pasar yo te vi , Hermoso huipil llevabas , Llorona , Que la Virgen te cre\u00ed . Hermoso huipil llevabas , Llorona , Que la Virgen te cre\u00ed . Todos me dicen el negro , Llorona , negro , pero cari\u00f1oso . Todos me dicen el negro , Llorona , negro , pero cari\u00f1oso . Yo soy como el chile verde , Llorona , picante , pero sabroso . Yo soy como el chile verde , Llorona , picante , pero sabroso . La pena y lo que no es pena , Llorona , Todo es pena para m\u00ed , La pena y lo que no es pena , Llorona , Todo es pena para m\u00ed , Ayer penaba \/ lloraba por verte , Llorona Y hoy peno \/ lloro porque te vi . Ayer penaba \/ lloraba por verte , Llorona Y hoy peno \/ lloro porque te vi . Ay de m\u00ed , Llorona , Llorona de azul celeste Ay de m\u00ed , Llorona , Llorona de azul celeste Y , aunque la vida me cueste , Llorona No dejar\u00e9 de quererte . Y , aunque la vida me cueste , Llorona No dejar\u00e9 de quererte . De las arcas de la fuente \u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! corre el agua y nace la flor ; si preguntan qui\u00e9n canta \u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! les dices que un desertor , que viene de la campa\u00f1a \u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! ( viene ) en busca de su amor . Me sub\u00ed al pino m\u00e1s alto , Llorona , A ver si te divisaba , Me sub\u00ed al pino m\u00e1s alto , Llorona , A ver si te divisaba , Como el pino era muy tierno , Llorona , Al verme llorar , lloraba . Como el pino era muy tierno , Llorona , Al verme llorar , lloraba . Cada vez que entra la noche , Llorona , Me pongo a pensar y digo : Cada vez que entra la noche , Llorona , Me pongo a pensar y digo : \u00bf De qu\u00e9 me sirve la cama , Llorona , si t\u00fa no duermes conmigo ? \u00bf De qu\u00e9 me sirve la cama , Llorona , si t\u00fa no duermes conmigo ? De la mar vino una carta , Llorona , Que me mand\u00f3 la sirena , De la mar vino una carta , Llorona , Que me mand\u00f3 la sirena , Y en la carta me dec\u00eda , Llorona , Quien tiene amor tiene pena . Y en la carta me dec\u00eda , Llorona , Quien tiene amor tiene pena . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona ll\u00e9vame al r\u00edo , \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona ll\u00e9vame al r\u00edo , T\u00e1pame con tu rebozo , Llorona , Porque me muero de fr\u00edo . T\u00e1pame con tu rebozo , Llorona , Porque me muero de fr\u00edo . Dicen que no tengo duelo , Llorona , Porque no me ven llorar . Dicen que no tengo duelo , Llorona , Porque no me ven llorar . Hay muertos que no hacen ruido , Llorona , \u00a1 Y es m\u00e1s grande su penar ! Hay muertos que no hacen ruido , Llorona , \u00a1 Y es m\u00e1s grande su penar ! Si al cielo subir pudiera , Llorona , Las estrellas te bajara , Si al cielo subir pudiera , Llorona , Las estrellas te bajara , La luna a tus pies pusiera , Llorona , Con el sol te coronara . La luna a tus pies pusiera , Llorona , Con el sol te coronara . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de ayer y hoy \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de ayer y hoy Ayer maravilla fui , Llorona , Y ahora ni sombra soy . Ayer maravilla fui , Llorona , Y ahora ni sombra soy . Ay de m\u00ed , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de negros ojos , Ay de m\u00ed , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de negros ojos , Ya con esta me despido , Llorona , ador\u00e1ndote de hinojos . Ya con esta me despido , Llorona , ador\u00e1ndote de hinojos . No s\u00e9 qu\u00e9 tienen las flores , Llorona , Las flores del camposanto , No s\u00e9 qu\u00e9 tienen las flores , Llorona , Las flores del camposanto , Que cuando las mueve el viento , Llorona , Parece que est\u00e1n llorando . Que cuando las mueve el viento , Llorona , Parece que est\u00e1n llorando . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , t\u00fa eres mi chiquita , \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , t\u00fa eres mi chiquita , Me quitar\u00e1n de quererte , Llorona , pero de olvidarte nunca . Me quitar\u00e1n de quererte , Llorona , pero de olvidarte nunca . A un santo Cristo de fierro , Llorona , Mis penas le cont\u00e9 yo , A un santo Cristo de fierro , Llorona , Mis penas le cont\u00e9 yo , \u00bf Cu\u00e1les no ser\u00edan mis penas , Llorona , que el santo Cristo llor\u00f3 ? \u00bf Cu\u00e1les no ser\u00edan mis penas , Llorona , que el santo Cristo llor\u00f3 ? \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de un campo lirio , \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de un campo lirio , El que no sabe de amores , Llorona , no sabe lo que es martirio . El que no sabe de amores , Llorona , no sabe lo que es martirio . Dos besos llevo en el alma , Llorona , que no se apartan de m\u00ed , Dos besos llevo en el alma , Llorona , que no se apartan de m\u00ed , El \u00faltimo de mi madre , Llorona , y el primero que te di . El \u00faltimo de mi madre , Llorona , y el primero que te di . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , ll\u00e9vame a ver , \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , ll\u00e9vame a ver , d\u00f3nde de amores se olvida , Llorona , y se empieza a padecer . d\u00f3nde de amores se olvida , Llorona , y se empieza a padecer . Alza los ojos y mira , Llorona , all\u00e1 en la mansi\u00f3n oscura Alza los ojos y mira , Llorona , all\u00e1 en la mansi\u00f3n oscura una estrella que fulgura , Llorona , y tristemente suspira , es Venus que se retira , Llorona , celosa de tu hermosura . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , que s\u00ed , que no . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , que s\u00ed , que no . La luz que me alumbraba , Llorona , en tinieblas me dej\u00f3 . La luz que me alumbraba , Llorona , en tinieblas me dej\u00f3 . Dicen que el primer amor , \u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! , Es grande y es verdadero , Dicen que el primer amor , \u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! , Es grande y es verdadero , Pero el \u00faltimo es mejor , ay , Llorona , y m\u00e1s grande que el primero . Pero el \u00faltimo es mejor , ay , Llorona , y m\u00e1s grande que el primero . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , dame una estrella . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , dame una estrella . \u00bf Qu\u00e9 me importa que me digan , Llorona , que t\u00fa ya no eres doncella ? \u00bf Qu\u00e9 me importa que me digan , Llorona , que t\u00fa ya no eres doncella ? No creas que porque canto , \u00a1 Ay Llorona ! , tengo el coraz\u00f3n alegre . No creas que porque canto , \u00a1 Ay Llorona ! , tengo el coraz\u00f3n alegre . Tambi\u00e9n de dolor se canta , \u00a1 Ay Llorona ! , \u00a1 Cuando llorar no se puede ! Tambi\u00e9n de dolor se canta , \u00a1 Ay Llorona ! , \u00a1 Cuando llorar no se puede ! \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , dame tu amor . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , dame tu amor . El cielo puede esperar , \u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! , pero mi coraz\u00f3n no . El cielo puede esperar , \u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! , pero mi coraz\u00f3n no . Te quiero porque me gusta , Llorona , y porque me da la gana , Te quiero porque me gusta , Llorona , y porque me da la gana , Te quiero porque me sale , Llorona , de las entra\u00f1as del alma . Te quiero porque me sale , Llorona , de las entra\u00f1as del alma . Si porque te quiero , quieres , Llorona , quieres que te quiera m\u00e1s . Si porque te quiero , quieres , Llorona , quieres que te quiera m\u00e1s . Si ya te he dado mi vida , Llorona , \u00bf Qu\u00e9 m\u00e1s quieres ? , \u00bf Quieres m\u00e1s ? Si ya te he dado mi vida , Llorona , \u00bf Qu\u00e9 m\u00e1s quieres ? , \u00bf Quieres m\u00e1s ? \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , mi cielo lindo . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , mi cielo lindo . Ayer te vi penando , Llorona , debajo de un tamarindo . Ayer te vi penando , Llorona , debajo de un tamarindo . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , mucho te adoro . \u00a1 Ay de m\u00ed ! , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , mucho te adoro . T\u00fa no sabes si te quiero , Llorona , porque no sabes que lloro . T\u00fa no sabes si te quiero , Llorona , porque no sabes que lloro . Si porque te quiero , quieres , Llorona , que yo la muerte reciba , Si porque te quiero , quieres , Llorona , que yo la muerte reciba , Que se haga tu voluntad , Llorona , que muera por que otro viva . Que se haga tu voluntad , Llorona , que muera por que otro viva .","sentences":["Sal\u00edas del templo un d\u00eda , Llorona , Cuando al pasar yo","te vi , Sal\u00edas del templo un d\u00eda , Llorona , Cuando al pasar yo","te vi , Hermoso huipil llevabas , Llorona , Que la Virgen te cre\u00ed .","Hermoso huipil llevabas , Llorona , Que la Virgen te cre\u00ed .","Todos me dicen el negro , Llorona , negro , pero cari\u00f1oso .","Todos me dicen el negro , Llorona , negro , pero cari\u00f1oso .","Yo soy como el chile verde , Llorona , picante , pero sabroso .","Yo soy como el chile verde , Llorona , picante , pero sabroso .","La pena y lo que no es pena , Llorona , Todo es pena para m\u00ed , La pena y lo que no es pena , Llorona , Todo es pena para m\u00ed , Ayer penaba \/ lloraba por verte , Llorona Y hoy peno \/ lloro porque te vi .","Ayer penaba \/ lloraba por verte , Llorona Y hoy peno \/ lloro porque te vi .","Ay de m\u00ed , Llorona , Llorona de azul celeste Ay de m\u00ed , Llorona , Llorona de azul celeste Y , aunque la vida me cueste , Llorona No dejar\u00e9 de quererte .","Y , aunque la vida me cueste , Llorona No dejar\u00e9 de quererte .","De las arcas de la fuente \u00a1","Ay , Llorona !","corre el agua y nace la flor ; si preguntan qui\u00e9n canta \u00a1","Ay , Llorona !","les dices que un desertor , que viene de la campa\u00f1a \u00a1","Ay , Llorona !","( viene ) en busca de su amor .","Me sub\u00ed al pino m\u00e1s alto , Llorona , A ver si te divisaba , Me sub\u00ed al pino m\u00e1s alto , Llorona , A ver si te divisaba , Como el pino era muy tierno , Llorona , Al verme llorar , lloraba .","Como el pino era muy tierno , Llorona , Al verme llorar , lloraba .","Cada vez que entra la noche , Llorona , Me pongo a pensar y digo : Cada vez que entra la noche , Llorona , Me pongo a pensar y digo : \u00bf De qu\u00e9 me sirve la cama , Llorona , si t\u00fa no duermes conmigo ?","\u00bf","De qu\u00e9 me sirve la cama , Llorona , si t\u00fa no duermes conmigo ?","De la mar vino una carta , Llorona , Que me mand\u00f3 la sirena , De la mar vino una carta , Llorona , Que me mand\u00f3 la sirena , Y en la carta me dec\u00eda , Llorona , Quien tiene amor tiene pena .","Y en la carta me dec\u00eda , Llorona , Quien tiene amor tiene pena .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona ll\u00e9vame al r\u00edo , \u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona ll\u00e9vame al r\u00edo ,","T\u00e1pame con tu rebozo , Llorona , Porque me muero de fr\u00edo .","T\u00e1pame con tu rebozo , Llorona , Porque me muero de fr\u00edo .","Dicen que no tengo duelo , Llorona , Porque no me ven llorar .","Dicen que no tengo duelo , Llorona , Porque","no me ven llorar .","Hay muertos que no hacen ruido , Llorona , \u00a1 Y es m\u00e1s grande su penar !","Hay muertos que no hacen ruido , Llorona , \u00a1 Y es m\u00e1s grande su penar !","Si al cielo subir pudiera , Llorona , Las estrellas te bajara , Si al cielo subir pudiera , Llorona , Las estrellas te bajara , La luna a tus pies pusiera , Llorona , Con el sol te coronara .","La luna a tus pies pusiera , Llorona , Con el sol te coronara .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de ayer y hoy \u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de ayer y hoy Ayer maravilla fui , Llorona , Y ahora ni sombra soy .","Ayer maravilla fui , Llorona , Y ahora ni sombra soy .","Ay de m\u00ed , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de negros ojos , Ay de m\u00ed , Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de negros ojos , Ya con esta me despido , Llorona , ador\u00e1ndote de hinojos .","Ya con esta me despido , Llorona , ador\u00e1ndote de hinojos .","No s\u00e9 qu\u00e9 tienen las flores , Llorona , Las flores del camposanto , No s\u00e9 qu\u00e9 tienen las flores , Llorona , Las flores del camposanto , Que cuando las mueve el viento , Llorona , Parece que est\u00e1n llorando .","Que cuando las mueve el viento , Llorona , Parece que est\u00e1n llorando .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , t\u00fa eres mi chiquita , \u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , t\u00fa eres mi chiquita , Me quitar\u00e1n de quererte , Llorona , pero de olvidarte nunca .","Me quitar\u00e1n de quererte , Llorona , pero de olvidarte nunca .","A un santo Cristo de fierro , Llorona , Mis penas le cont\u00e9 yo , A un santo Cristo de fierro , Llorona , Mis penas le cont\u00e9 yo , \u00bf Cu\u00e1les no ser\u00edan mis penas , Llorona , que el santo Cristo llor\u00f3 ?","\u00bf","Cu\u00e1les no ser\u00edan mis penas , Llorona , que el santo Cristo llor\u00f3 ?","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de un campo lirio , \u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona de un campo lirio , El que no sabe de amores , Llorona , no sabe lo que es martirio .","El que no sabe de amores , Llorona , no sabe lo que es martirio .","Dos besos llevo en el alma , Llorona , que no se apartan de m\u00ed , Dos besos llevo en el alma , Llorona , que no se apartan de m\u00ed , El \u00faltimo de mi madre , Llorona , y el primero que te di .","El \u00faltimo de mi madre , Llorona , y el primero que te di .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , ll\u00e9vame a ver , \u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , ll\u00e9vame a ver , d\u00f3nde de amores se olvida , Llorona , y se empieza a padecer .","d\u00f3nde de amores se olvida , Llorona , y se empieza a padecer .","Alza los ojos y mira , Llorona , all\u00e1 en la mansi\u00f3n oscura Alza los ojos y mira , Llorona , all\u00e1 en la mansi\u00f3n oscura una estrella que fulgura , Llorona , y tristemente suspira , es Venus que se retira , Llorona , celosa de tu hermosura .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , que s\u00ed , que no .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , que s\u00ed , que no .","La luz que me alumbraba , Llorona , en tinieblas me dej\u00f3 .","La luz que me alumbraba , Llorona , en tinieblas me dej\u00f3 .","Dicen que el primer amor , \u00a1","Ay , Llorona ! ,","Es grande y es verdadero , Dicen que el primer amor ,","\u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! ,","Es grande y es verdadero , Pero el \u00faltimo es mejor , ay , Llorona , y m\u00e1s grande que el primero .","Pero el \u00faltimo es mejor , ay , Llorona , y m\u00e1s grande que el primero .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , dame una estrella .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , dame una estrella .","\u00bf","Qu\u00e9 me importa que me digan , Llorona , que t\u00fa","ya no eres doncella ?","\u00bf","Qu\u00e9 me importa que me digan , Llorona , que t\u00fa","ya no eres doncella ?","No creas que porque canto , \u00a1","Ay Llorona ! , tengo el coraz\u00f3n alegre .","No creas que porque canto , \u00a1","Ay Llorona ! , tengo el coraz\u00f3n alegre .","Tambi\u00e9n de dolor se canta , \u00a1","Ay Llorona ! , \u00a1 Cuando llorar no se puede !","Tambi\u00e9n de dolor se canta , \u00a1","Ay Llorona ! , \u00a1 Cuando llorar no se puede !","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , dame tu amor .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , dame tu amor .","El cielo puede esperar ,","\u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! , pero mi coraz\u00f3n no .","El cielo puede esperar ,","\u00a1 Ay , Llorona ! , pero mi coraz\u00f3n no .","Te quiero porque me gusta , Llorona , y porque me da la gana , Te quiero porque me gusta , Llorona , y porque me da la gana , Te quiero porque me sale , Llorona , de las entra\u00f1as del alma .","Te quiero porque me sale , Llorona , de las entra\u00f1as del alma .","Si porque te quiero , quieres , Llorona , quieres que te quiera m\u00e1s .","Si porque te quiero , quieres , Llorona , quieres que te quiera m\u00e1s .","Si ya te he dado mi vida , Llorona , \u00bf Qu\u00e9 m\u00e1s quieres ?",", \u00bf","Quieres m\u00e1s ?","Si ya te he dado mi vida , Llorona , \u00bf Qu\u00e9 m\u00e1s quieres ?",", \u00bf","Quieres m\u00e1s ?","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , mi cielo lindo .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , mi cielo lindo .","Ayer te vi penando , Llorona , debajo de un tamarindo .","Ayer te vi penando , Llorona , debajo de un tamarindo .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , mucho te adoro .","\u00a1","Ay de m\u00ed !",", Llorona , Llorona , Llorona , mucho te adoro .","T\u00fa no sabes si te quiero , Llorona , porque no sabes que lloro .","T\u00fa no sabes si te quiero , Llorona , porque no sabes que lloro .","Si porque te quiero , quieres , Llorona , que yo","la muerte reciba , Si porque te quiero , quieres , Llorona , que yo la muerte reciba , Que se haga tu voluntad , Llorona , que muera por que otro viva .","Que se haga tu voluntad , Llorona , que muera por que otro viva ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1279026515861683865","input":"where is the gobi dessert on a map","passages":[{"title":"Gobi Desert","text":"The altitudes are higher , those of the lowlands ranging from 1,000 to 1,700 m ( 3,300 to 5,600 ft ) , and those of the ranges from 200 to 500 m ( 660 to 1,640 ft ) higher , though in a few cases they reach altitudes of 2,400 m ( 7,900 ft ) . The elevations do not form continuous chains , but make up a congeries of short ridges and groups rising from a common base and intersected by a labyrinth of ravines , gullies , glens and basins . But the tablelands , built up of the horizontal red deposits of the Han - gai ( Obruchev 's Gobi formation ) which are characteristic of the southern parts of eastern Mongolia , are absent here or occur only in one locality , near the Shara - muren river . They are greatly intersected by gullies or dry watercourses . Water is scarce , with no streams , no lakes , no wells , and precipitation falls seldom . The prevailing winds blow from the west and northwest , and the pall of dust overhangs the country as in the Takla Makan and the desert of Lop . Characteristic of the flora are wild garlic , Kalidium gracile , wormwood , saxaul , Nitraria schoberi , Caragana , Ephedra , saltwort and the grass Lasiagrostis splendens . The taana wild onion Allium polyrrhizum is the main browse eaten by many herd animals , and Mongolians claim that this is essential to produce the correct , slightly hazelnut - like flavour of camel airag ( fermented milk ) .","sentences":["The altitudes are higher , those of the lowlands ranging from 1,000 to 1,700 m ( 3,300 to 5,600 ft ) , and those of the ranges from 200 to 500 m ( 660 to 1,640 ft ) higher , though in a few cases they reach altitudes of 2,400 m ( 7,900 ft ) .","The elevations do not form continuous chains , but make up a congeries of short ridges and groups rising from a common base and intersected by a labyrinth of ravines , gullies , glens and basins .","But the tablelands , built up of the horizontal red deposits of the Han - gai ( Obruchev 's Gobi formation ) which are characteristic of the southern parts of eastern Mongolia , are absent here or occur only in one locality , near the Shara - muren river .","They are greatly intersected by gullies or dry watercourses .","Water is scarce , with no streams , no lakes , no wells , and precipitation falls seldom .","The prevailing winds blow from the west and northwest , and the pall of dust overhangs the country as in the Takla Makan and the desert of Lop .","Characteristic of the flora are wild garlic , Kalidium gracile , wormwood , saxaul , Nitraria schoberi , Caragana , Ephedra , saltwort and the grass Lasiagrostis splendens .","The taana wild onion Allium polyrrhizum is the main browse eaten by many herd animals , and Mongolians claim that this is essential to produce the correct , slightly hazelnut - like flavour of camel airag ( fermented milk ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5650036342404316248","input":"how many skeletal muscle fibers do we normally use at any one time","passages":[{"title":"Skeletal muscle","text":"Every single organelle and macromolecule of a muscle fiber is arranged to ensure form meets function . The cell membrane is called the sarcolemma with the cytoplasm known as the sarcoplasm . In the sarcoplasm are the myofibrils . The myofibrils are long protein bundles about 1 micrometer in diameter each containing myofilaments . Pressed against the inside of the sarcolemma are the unusual flattened myonuclei . Between the myofibrils are the mitochondria .","sentences":["Every single organelle and macromolecule of a muscle fiber is arranged to ensure form meets function .","The cell membrane is called the sarcolemma with the cytoplasm known as the sarcoplasm .","In the sarcoplasm are the myofibrils .","The myofibrils are long protein bundles about 1 micrometer in diameter each containing myofilaments .","Pressed against the inside of the sarcolemma are the unusual flattened myonuclei .","Between the myofibrils are the mitochondria ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3304852074579143428","input":"where are the world's major volcanoes and mountain generally located","passages":[{"title":"Ring of Fire","text":"At 5,230 m , Sangay Volcano ) is an active stratovolcano in central Ecuador , and is one of the highest active volcanoes in the world and one of Ecuador 's most active ones , erupting three times in recorded history . It exhibits mostly strombolian activity ; the most recent eruption , which started in 1934 , is still going on . Geologically , Sangay marks the southern bound of the Northern Volcanic Zone , and its position straddling two major pieces of crust accounts for its high level of activity . Sangay 's roughly 500,000 - year history is one of instability ; two previous versions of the mountain were destroyed in massive flank collapses , evidence of which still litters its surroundings today . Sangay is one of two active volcanoes located within the namesake Sangay National Park , the other being Tungurahua to the north . As such , it has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983 .","sentences":["At 5,230 m , Sangay Volcano ) is an active stratovolcano in central Ecuador , and is one of the highest active volcanoes in the world and one of Ecuador 's most active ones , erupting three times in recorded history .","It exhibits mostly strombolian activity ; the most recent eruption , which started in 1934 , is still going on .","Geologically , Sangay marks the southern bound of the Northern Volcanic Zone , and its position straddling two major pieces of crust accounts for its high level of activity .","Sangay 's roughly 500,000 - year history is one of instability ; two previous versions of the mountain were destroyed in massive flank collapses , evidence of which still litters its surroundings today .","Sangay is one of two active volcanoes located within the namesake Sangay National Park , the other being Tungurahua to the north .","As such , it has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1250167740446419834","input":"where was auf wiedersehen pet series 1 filmed","passages":[{"title":"Auf Wiedersehen, Pet","text":"Wayne ( Gary Holton ) describes himself as a Jack the lad . He is a carpenter ( or `` chirpy chippy '' ) who is proud of his Cockney roots . His obsession with women often lands him and his friends in trouble . Initially without transport he relied on friends for lifts but by series 2 he has bought a red BMW 520 . At the end of the first series , Wayne marries Christa , ( played by Lysette Anthony ) , a secretary at the building site . According to his son , who knows little about his life , Wayne died of a congenital heart problem in 2000 , and his part in `` The Magnificent Seven '' was replaced by his illegitimate son Wyman . Gary Holton died in 1985 after overdosing on drugs and before the filming of the second series finished . Often , Wayne 's absence in the second series is explained in dialogue with phrases like `` He 's gone to town to look for girls '' . The series was not filmed in chronological order so he is present in the final episode yet absent during earlier Spanish indoor scenes . The last episode is dedicated to Gary Holton .","sentences":["Wayne ( Gary Holton ) describes himself as a Jack the lad .","He is a carpenter ( or `` chirpy chippy '' ) who is proud of his Cockney roots .","His obsession with women often lands him and his friends in trouble .","Initially without transport he relied on friends for lifts but by series 2 he has bought a red BMW 520 .","At the end of the first series , Wayne marries Christa , ( played by Lysette Anthony ) , a secretary at the building site .","According to his son , who knows little about his life , Wayne died of a congenital heart problem in 2000 , and his part in `` The Magnificent Seven '' was replaced by his illegitimate son Wyman .","Gary Holton died in 1985 after overdosing on drugs and before the filming of the second series finished .","Often , Wayne 's absence in the second series is explained in dialogue with phrases like `` He 's gone to town to look for girls '' .","The series was not filmed in chronological order so he is present in the final episode yet absent during earlier Spanish indoor scenes .","The last episode is dedicated to Gary Holton ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8205180722641072950","input":"in what episode of season 6 does elena remember damon","passages":[{"title":"Do You Remember the First Time? (The Vampire Diaries)","text":"Colin Ferguson ( Tripp Fell ) Penelope Mitchell ( Liv Parker ) Marguerite MacIntyre ( Liz Forbes ) Chris Brochu ( Luke Parker ) Jodi Lyn O'Keefe ( Jo Laughlin - Parker ) Marco James ( Liam Davis ) Chris Wood ( Kai Parker )","sentences":["Colin Ferguson ( Tripp Fell )","Penelope Mitchell ( Liv Parker ) Marguerite MacIntyre","( Liz Forbes )","Chris Brochu ( Luke Parker )","Jodi Lyn O'Keefe ( Jo Laughlin - Parker )","Marco James ( Liam Davis )","Chris Wood ( Kai Parker )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4481287579376840658","input":"where was the first us atomic bomb made","passages":[{"title":"Manhattan Project","text":"The discovery of nuclear fission by German chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann in 1938 , and its theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch , made the development of an atomic bomb a theoretical possibility . There were fears that a German atomic bomb project would develop one first , especially among scientists who were refugees from Nazi Germany and other fascist countries . In August 1939 , Hungarian - born physicists Le\u00f3 Szil\u00e1rd and Eugene Wigner drafted the Einstein -- Szil\u00e1rd letter , which warned of the potential development of `` extremely powerful bombs of a new type '' . It urged the United States to take steps to acquire stockpiles of uranium ore and accelerate the research of Enrico Fermi and others into nuclear chain reactions . They had it signed by Albert Einstein and delivered to President Franklin D. Roosevelt . Roosevelt called on Lyman Briggs of the National Bureau of Standards to head the Advisory Committee on Uranium to investigate the issues raised by the letter . Briggs held a meeting on 21 October 1939 , which was attended by Szil\u00e1rd , Wigner and Edward Teller . The committee reported back to Roosevelt in November that uranium `` would provide a possible source of bombs with a destructiveness vastly greater than anything now known . ''","sentences":["The discovery of nuclear fission by German chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann in 1938 , and its theoretical explanation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch , made the development of an atomic bomb a theoretical possibility .","There were fears that a German atomic bomb project would develop one first , especially among scientists who were refugees from Nazi Germany and other fascist countries .","In August 1939 , Hungarian - born physicists Le\u00f3 Szil\u00e1rd and Eugene Wigner drafted the Einstein -- Szil\u00e1rd letter , which warned of the potential development of `` extremely powerful bombs of a new type '' .","It urged the United States to take steps to acquire stockpiles of uranium ore and accelerate the research of Enrico Fermi and others into nuclear chain reactions .","They had it signed by Albert Einstein and delivered to President Franklin D. Roosevelt .","Roosevelt called on Lyman Briggs of the National Bureau of Standards to head the Advisory Committee on Uranium to investigate the issues raised by the letter .","Briggs held a meeting on 21 October 1939 , which was attended by Szil\u00e1rd , Wigner and Edward Teller .","The committee reported back to Roosevelt in November that uranium `` would provide a possible source of bombs with a destructiveness vastly greater than anything now known . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5681107159213311526","input":"who has made the most field goals in the nfl","passages":[{"title":"Adam Vinatieri","text":"The Colts reached Super Bowl XLI after defeating the New England Patriots in the AFC Championship game . It was Vinatieri 's fifth Super Bowl appearance , and his first with the Colts . The Colts defeated the Chicago Bears by a score of 29 -- 17 . Vinatieri was 3 for 4 on field goals , and 1 for 2 on points after touchdowns , the miss when punter \/ holder Hunter Smith fumbled the snap on the extra-point attempt after the Colts ' first offensive touchdown . He missed a 36 - yard kick wide left at the end of the first half -- the third time he had missed a kick in the Super Bowl . Super Bowl XLI was Vinatieri 's fourth Super Bowl victory , one behind the record held by Charles Haley and Tom Brady . Vinatieri finished the 2006 -- 07 postseason with 49 total points and 14 field goals , both NFL records . He is the only player to have 3 or more field goals in 4 consecutive postseason games . 2007","sentences":["The Colts reached Super Bowl XLI after defeating the New England Patriots in the AFC Championship game .","It was Vinatieri 's fifth Super Bowl appearance , and his first with the Colts .","The Colts defeated the Chicago Bears by a score of 29 -- 17 .","Vinatieri was 3 for 4 on field goals , and 1 for 2 on points after touchdowns , the miss when punter \/ holder Hunter Smith fumbled the snap on the extra-point attempt after the Colts ' first offensive touchdown .","He missed a 36 - yard kick wide left at the end of the first half -- the third time he had missed a kick in the Super Bowl .","Super Bowl XLI was Vinatieri 's fourth Super Bowl victory , one behind the record held by Charles Haley and Tom Brady .","Vinatieri finished the 2006 -- 07 postseason with 49 total points and 14 field goals , both NFL records .","He is the only player to have 3 or more field goals in 4 consecutive postseason games .","2007"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4952609896574018355","input":"what is the escape speed at the event horizon of a black hole","passages":[{"title":"Event horizon","text":"d p = \u222b 0 t 0 c a ( t ) d t . ( \\ displaystyle d_ ( p ) = \\ int _ ( 0 ) ^ ( t_ ( 0 ) ) ( \\ frac ( c ) ( a ( t ) ) ) dt \\ . )","sentences":["d p = \u222b 0","t 0 c","a ( t )","d t .","( \\ displaystyle d_","( p ) = \\ int _","( 0 )","^","( t_ ( 0 ) )","( \\ frac ( c ) ( a ( t ) ) )","dt \\ . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3298165343849563271","input":"where did monsters under the bed come from","passages":[{"title":"Bogeyman","text":"United States -- The Jersey Devil , which originated in the New Jersey Pine Barrens , is believed by many to be an old time Boogeyman created by residents to scare off travelers from coming into the area . Bloody Bones , also known as Rawhead or Tommy Rawhead , is a boogeyman of the U.S. South . Bloody Bones tales originated in Britain . The Bogeyman may be called `` Boogerman '' or `` Boogermonster '' in rural areas of the American South ( `` booger '' being the American English equivalent of the British English `` bogey '' ) , and was most often used to keep young children from playing outside past dark , or wandering off in the forest . During the Corn Festival , young Cherokee males wearing caricature masks would make fun of politicians , frighten children into being good , and moreover shake their masks at young women and chase them around . Male participants in this Booger Dance were referred to as the Booger Man . In some Midwestern states of the United States , the boogeyman scratches at the window . In the Pacific Northwest , he may manifest in `` green fog '' . In other places , he hides or appears from under the bed or in the closet and tickles children when they go to sleep at night , while in others , he is a tall figure in a black hooded cloak who puts children in a sack . It is said that a wart can be transmitted to someone by the boogeyman . The Nalusa Falaya ( long black being ) of Choctaw mythology . Cipelahq ( or Chebelakw ) is a dangerous bird spirit of Wabanaki folklore , used in stories told to scare children into obeying their parents . Chebelakw has an unearthly cry and resembles a large diving owl , with only its head and talons visible . Similar monsters called Stinkini and Big Owl were found in Seminole and Apache mythologies , respectively .","sentences":["United States -- The Jersey Devil , which originated in the New Jersey Pine Barrens , is believed by many to be an old time Boogeyman created by residents to scare off travelers from coming into the area .","Bloody Bones , also known as Rawhead or Tommy Rawhead , is a boogeyman of the U.S. South .","Bloody Bones tales originated in Britain .","The Bogeyman may be called `` Boogerman '' or `` Boogermonster '' in rural areas of the American South ( `` booger '' being the American English equivalent of the British English `` bogey '' ) , and was most often used to keep young children from playing outside past dark , or wandering off in the forest .","During the Corn Festival , young Cherokee males wearing caricature masks would make fun of politicians , frighten children into being good , and moreover shake their masks at young women and chase them around .","Male participants in this Booger Dance were referred to as the Booger Man .","In some Midwestern states of the United States , the boogeyman scratches at the window .","In the Pacific Northwest , he may manifest in `` green fog '' .","In other places , he hides or appears from under the bed or in the closet and tickles children when they go to sleep at night , while in others , he is a tall figure in a black hooded cloak who puts children in a sack .","It is said that a wart can be transmitted to someone by the boogeyman .","The Nalusa Falaya ( long black being ) of Choctaw mythology .","Cipelahq ( or Chebelakw ) is a dangerous bird spirit of Wabanaki folklore , used in stories told to scare children into obeying their parents .","Chebelakw has an unearthly cry and resembles a large diving owl , with only its head and talons visible .","Similar monsters called Stinkini and Big Owl were found in Seminole and Apache mythologies , respectively ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5228931657675288447","input":"what is the definition of poverty in the uk","passages":[{"title":"Poverty in the United Kingdom","text":"Disability - Disabled adults are twice as likely to live in low income households as non-disabled adults . Illness Mental illness Low intelligence - People with an IQ of 60 or below are speculated to be in danger of poverty and homelessness in the USA in 2006 . Unemployment - benefit sanctions for failing to search for jobs on a full - time basis plunges the already poor unemployed into destitution as a punishment . There are currently not enough jobs in the UK to employ everyone who is looking for work . Underemployment - having a low - paid job with wages lower than the living wage , often the minimum wage , and working part - time . Being born to poor parents Lack of social capital Inadequate management of finances Being a lone parent - half of all lone parents are on a low income . Racial discrimination Inherent biases in the economic system , for example having to pay a higher rate of interest on a loan .","sentences":["Disability - Disabled adults are twice as likely to live in low income households as non-disabled adults .","Illness Mental illness Low intelligence - People with an IQ of 60 or below are speculated to be in danger of poverty and homelessness in the USA in 2006 .","Unemployment - benefit sanctions for failing to search for jobs on a full - time basis plunges the already poor unemployed into destitution as a punishment .","There are currently not enough jobs in the UK to employ everyone who is looking for work .","Underemployment - having a low - paid job with wages lower than the living wage , often the minimum wage , and working part - time .","Being born to poor parents Lack of social capital Inadequate management of finances Being a lone parent - half of all lone parents are on a low income .","Racial discrimination Inherent biases in the economic system , for example having to pay a higher rate of interest on a loan ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3626984088381071308","input":"what os the catcher in the rye about","passages":[{"title":"The Catcher in the Rye","text":"In a taxicab , Holden inquires with the driver about whether the ducks in the Central Park lagoon migrate during winter , a subject he brings up often , but the man barely responds . Holden checks into the dilapidated Edmont Hotel . He spends an evening dancing with three tourist women from Seattle in the hotel lounge and enjoys dancing with one , though is disappointed that he is unable to hold a conversation with them . Following an unpromising visit to Ernie 's Nightclub in Greenwich Village , Holden becomes preoccupied with his internal angst and agrees to have a prostitute named Sunny visit his room . His attitude toward the girl changes the minute she enters the room ; she seems about the same age as him . Holden becomes uncomfortable with the situation , and when he tells her all he wants to do is talk , she becomes annoyed and leaves . Even though he still paid her the right amount for her time , she returns with her pimp Maurice and demands more money . Holden insults Maurice , and after Sunny takes the money from Holden 's wallet , Maurice punches him in the stomach and leaves with Sunny . Afterwards , Holden imagines that he has been shot by Maurice , and pictures murdering him with an automatic weapon .","sentences":["In a taxicab , Holden inquires with the driver about whether the ducks in the Central Park lagoon migrate during winter , a subject he brings up often , but the man barely responds .","Holden checks into the dilapidated Edmont Hotel .","He spends an evening dancing with three tourist women from Seattle in the hotel lounge and enjoys dancing with one , though is disappointed that he is unable to hold a conversation with them .","Following an unpromising visit to Ernie 's Nightclub in Greenwich Village , Holden becomes preoccupied with his internal angst and agrees to have a prostitute named Sunny visit his room .","His attitude toward the girl changes the minute she enters the room ; she seems about the same age as him .","Holden becomes uncomfortable with the situation , and when he tells her all he wants to do is talk , she becomes annoyed and leaves .","Even though he still paid her the right amount for her time , she returns with her pimp Maurice and demands more money .","Holden insults Maurice , and after Sunny takes the money from Holden 's wallet , Maurice punches him in the stomach and leaves with Sunny .","Afterwards , Holden imagines that he has been shot by Maurice , and pictures murdering him with an automatic weapon ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5573960442221641127","input":"what powers did the new government claim as free and independent states","passages":[{"title":"United States Declaration of Independence","text":"Many leaders of the French Revolution admired the Declaration of Independence but were also interested in the new American state constitutions . The inspiration and content of the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen ( 1789 ) emerged largely from the ideals of the American Revolution . Its key drafts were prepared by Lafayette , working closely in Paris with his friend Thomas Jefferson . It also borrowed language from George Mason 's Virginia Declaration of Rights . The declaration also influenced the Russian Empire . The document had a particular impact on the Decembrist revolt and other Russian thinkers .","sentences":["Many leaders of the French Revolution admired the Declaration of Independence but were also interested in the new American state constitutions .","The inspiration and content of the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen ( 1789 ) emerged largely from the ideals of the American Revolution .","Its key drafts were prepared by Lafayette , working closely in Paris with his friend Thomas Jefferson .","It also borrowed language from George Mason 's Virginia Declaration of Rights .","The declaration also influenced the Russian Empire .","The document had a particular impact on the Decembrist revolt and other Russian thinkers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1799092580605869548","input":"who played the mother in the sixth sense","passages":[{"title":"Haley Joel Osment","text":"Year Title Role 2002 Kingdom Hearts Sora ( voice ) Kingdom Hearts : Chain of Memories Sora ( archived footage ) 2005 Kingdom Hearts II Sora ( voice ) 2007 Kingdom Hearts Re : Chain of Memories Sora ( voice ) 2009 Kingdom Hearts 358 \/ 2 Days Sora ( voice ) ( archive sound ) Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep Vanitas \/ Sora ( voices ) Kingdom Hearts Re : coded Sora ( voice ) 2012 Kingdom Hearts 3D : Dream Drop Distance Sora \/ Vanitas ( voices ) 2013 Kingdom Hearts HD 1.5 Remix Sora ( voice ) ( archived footage ) 2014 Kingdom Hearts HD 2.5 Remix Sora \/ Vanitas ( voices ) ( archived and new footage ) 2017 Kingdom Hearts HD 2.8 Final Chapter Prologue Sora \/ Vanitas ( voices ) ( archived and new footage ) 2018 Kingdom Hearts III Sora ( voice )","sentences":["Year Title Role 2002 Kingdom Hearts Sora ( voice )","Kingdom Hearts : Chain of Memories Sora ( archived footage )","2005","Kingdom Hearts II Sora ( voice ) 2007","Kingdom Hearts Re : Chain of Memories Sora ( voice ) 2009 Kingdom Hearts 358 \/ 2 Days Sora ( voice ) ( archive sound ) Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep Vanitas \/ Sora ( voices )","Kingdom Hearts Re : coded Sora ( voice ) 2012 Kingdom Hearts 3D : Dream Drop Distance Sora \/ Vanitas ( voices ) 2013 Kingdom Hearts HD 1.5 Remix Sora ( voice ) ( archived footage ) 2014 Kingdom Hearts HD 2.5 Remix Sora \/ Vanitas ( voices ) ( archived and new footage ) 2017","Kingdom Hearts HD 2.8 Final Chapter Prologue Sora \/ Vanitas ( voices ) ( archived and new footage )","2018 Kingdom Hearts III Sora ( voice )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4394013527564522439","input":"hindi movie chori chori chupke chupke full hd","passages":[{"title":"Chori Chori Chupke Chupke","text":"The ceremony is very important so Priya sends Madhu as herself . The emotion at the ceremony is too much for Madhu and she becomes conflicted about giving up her child . Priya finds Madhu 's room empty and the money dumped on the bed , and pursues her to the train station , only to slap Madhu when she confesses that she loves Raj . By the time Raj gets there , Madhu has gone into premature labor . The doctor announces that only one -- Madhu or her child -- can be saved , and Priya asks him to save Madhu . However , both mother and baby survive and seem likely to thrive . Madhu gives the baby to Priya , who quickly settles into a hospital bed with `` her '' baby . The doctor tells Raj 's family that Madhu 's child was stillborn and Madhu has made a recovery .","sentences":["The ceremony is very important so Priya sends Madhu as herself .","The emotion at the ceremony is too much for Madhu and she becomes conflicted about giving up her child .","Priya finds Madhu 's room empty and the money dumped on the bed , and pursues her to the train station , only to slap Madhu when she confesses that she loves Raj .","By the time Raj gets there , Madhu has gone into premature labor .","The doctor announces that only one -- Madhu or her child -- can be saved , and Priya asks him to save Madhu .","However , both mother and baby survive and seem likely to thrive .","Madhu gives the baby to Priya , who quickly settles into a hospital bed with `` her '' baby .","The doctor tells Raj 's family that Madhu 's child was stillborn and Madhu has made a recovery ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7909352318234576790","input":"where do they get water from in dubai","passages":[{"title":"Water supply and sanitation in Abu Dhabi","text":"90 % of groundwater in Abu Dhabi Emirate is saline , in some cases up to eight times as much as seawater . There are only two freshwater aquifers . Natural groundwater recharge is estimated at about 300 million cubic meters per year . Brackish groundwater is mostly used for the irrigation of date palms which are relatively salt - tolerant . Recharge dams have been built on wadis in order to prevent flood water to flow into the sea , recharging it instead to aquifers . Unplanned and uncontrolled groundwater withdrawals , especially for agriculture and forestry , total over 2,000 million cubic meters per year and have resulted in declining groundwater levels and quality .","sentences":["90 % of groundwater in Abu Dhabi Emirate is saline , in some cases up to eight times as much as seawater .","There are only two freshwater aquifers .","Natural groundwater recharge is estimated at about 300 million cubic meters per year .","Brackish groundwater is mostly used for the irrigation of date palms which are relatively salt - tolerant .","Recharge dams have been built on wadis in order to prevent flood water to flow into the sea , recharging it instead to aquifers .","Unplanned and uncontrolled groundwater withdrawals , especially for agriculture and forestry , total over 2,000 million cubic meters per year and have resulted in declining groundwater levels and quality ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3064848586627918467","input":"what color is pumbaa from the lion king","passages":[{"title":"Timon and Pumbaa","text":"It is unclear whether Timon and Pumbaa have taken up residence at Pride Rock , or just make frequent visits . They serve as aides to Simba , and are often called upon to keep an eye on his adventurous daughter Kiara so in a way replacing Zazu 's role as babysitters . Despite being bumbling , Simba trusts them to look after Kiara , and does not blame them when Kiara runs off as Kiara is known to do just that . When Kiara goes on her first hunt , they are hired to make sure she wo n't get hurt . Enraged , she escapes from the Pridelands to hunt outside the boundary . Timon and Pumbaa also teach Kovu how to have fun after he forgets due to years of indoctrination in hatred . When Kovu 's pride , the Outsiders , turn on Simba and ambush him , Timon is on Simba 's side automatically , not even wanting to hear his argument . They later assist in the battle against Kovu 's manipulative and vengeful mother Zira , and her pride of exiled lions , but get chased off and cornered by a group , until Timon threatens to use Pumbaa 's tail as a gun and use his gas on them causing them to flee in fear . Despite being slightly cowardly , they are willing to fight for what is right . When Simba tries to make peace with Zira after realizing that both prides `` were one '' , he uses the same advice Timon and Pumbaa gave him when he was a cub ( put the past behind you ) showing how much he had learned from his old friends .","sentences":["It is unclear whether Timon and Pumbaa have taken up residence at Pride Rock , or just make frequent visits .","They serve as aides to Simba , and are often called upon to keep an eye on his adventurous daughter Kiara so in a way replacing Zazu 's role as babysitters .","Despite being bumbling , Simba trusts them to look after Kiara , and does not blame them when Kiara runs off as Kiara is known to do just that .","When Kiara goes on her first hunt , they are hired to make sure she wo n't get hurt .","Enraged , she escapes from the Pridelands to hunt outside the boundary .","Timon and Pumbaa also teach Kovu how to have fun after he forgets due to years of indoctrination in hatred .","When Kovu 's pride , the Outsiders , turn on Simba and ambush him , Timon is on Simba 's side automatically , not even wanting to hear his argument .","They later assist in the battle against Kovu 's manipulative and vengeful mother Zira , and her pride of exiled lions , but get chased off and cornered by a group , until Timon threatens to use Pumbaa 's tail as a gun and use his gas on them causing them to flee in fear .","Despite being slightly cowardly , they are willing to fight for what is right .","When Simba tries to make peace with Zira after realizing that both prides `` were one '' , he uses the same advice Timon and Pumbaa gave him when he was a cub ( put the past behind you ) showing how much he had learned from his old friends ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1952789261594672330","input":"what is the condition to make a triangle","passages":[{"title":"Triangle","text":"P A  \u0304 \u22c5 Q A  \u0304 C A  \u0304 \u22c5 A B  \u0304 + P B  \u0304 \u22c5 Q B  \u0304 A B  \u0304 \u22c5 B C  \u0304 + P C  \u0304 \u22c5 Q C  \u0304 B C  \u0304 \u22c5 C A  \u0304 = 1 . ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( ( \\ overline ( PA ) ) \\ cdot ( \\ overline ( QA ) ) ) ( ( \\ overline ( CA ) ) \\ cdot ( \\ overline ( AB ) ) ) ) + ( \\ frac ( ( \\ overline ( PB ) ) \\ cdot ( \\ overline ( QB ) ) ) ( ( \\ overline ( AB ) ) \\ cdot ( \\ overline ( BC ) ) ) ) + ( \\ frac ( ( \\ overline ( PC ) ) \\ cdot ( \\ overline ( QC ) ) ) ( ( \\ overline ( BC ) ) \\ cdot ( \\ overline ( CA ) ) ) ) = 1 . )","sentences":["P A  \u0304 \u22c5 Q A  \u0304 C","A  \u0304","\u22c5","A B  \u0304 + P B  \u0304","\u22c5 Q B  \u0304","A B  \u0304 \u22c5 B C  \u0304","+ P C  \u0304","\u22c5 Q C  \u0304 B C  \u0304","\u22c5 C A  \u0304 = 1 .","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( ( \\ overline ( PA ) )","\\ cdot ( \\ overline ( QA ) ) )","( ( \\ overline ( CA ) )","\\ cdot ( \\ overline ( AB ) ) ) )","+ ( \\ frac ( ( \\ overline ( PB ) )","\\ cdot ( \\ overline ( QB ) ) )","( ( \\ overline ( AB ) )","\\ cdot ( \\ overline ( BC ) ) ) )","+ ( \\ frac ( ( \\ overline ( PC ) )","\\ cdot ( \\ overline ( QC ) ) )","( ( \\ overline ( BC ) )","\\ cdot ( \\ overline ( CA ) ) ) )","= 1 . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4343526138326689941","input":"why do you think the pace of the development of society is not equal everywhere write in four points","passages":[{"title":"Human rights and development","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article may be confusing or unclear to readers . Please help us clarify the article . There might be a discussion about this on the talk page . ( December 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs attention from an expert in Law or Human rights . See the talk page for details . WikiProject Law or WikiProject Human rights may be able to help recruit an expert . ( December 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article may be confusing or unclear to readers .","Please help us clarify the article .","There might be a discussion about this on the talk page .","( December 2014 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs attention from an expert in Law or Human rights .","See the talk page for details .","WikiProject Law or WikiProject Human rights may be able to help recruit an expert .","( December 2014 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3312163367585632362","input":"is the square root of x an exponential function","passages":[{"title":"Exponential function","text":"e x = 1 + x 1 \u2212 x x + 2 \u2212 2 x x + 3 \u2212 3 x x + 4 \u2212 \u22f1 ( \\ displaystyle e ^ ( x ) = 1 + ( \\ cfrac ( x ) ( 1 - ( \\ cfrac ( x ) ( x + 2 - ( \\ cfrac ( 2x ) ( x + 3 - ( \\ cfrac ( 3x ) ( x + 4 - \\ ddots ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )","sentences":["e x = 1 + x 1 \u2212 x x + 2 \u2212 2","x","x","+ 3 \u2212 3","x x + 4 \u2212 \u22f1 ( \\ displaystyle e ^ ( x ) = 1","+ ( \\ cfrac ( x ) ( 1 - ( \\ cfrac ( x ) ( x + 2 - ( \\ cfrac ( 2x ) ( x + 3 - ( \\ cfrac ( 3x ) ( x + 4 - \\ ddots ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8488712774706837802","input":"how do ocean floor features such as trenches and mid ocean ridges form","passages":[{"title":"Mid-ocean ridge","text":"The oceanic crust is made up of rocks much younger than the Earth itself . Most oceanic crust in the ocean basins is less than 200 million years old . The crust is in a constant state of `` renewal '' at the ocean ridges . Moving away from the mid-ocean ridge , ocean depth progressively increases ; the greatest depths are in ocean trenches . As the oceanic crust moves away from the ridge axis , the peridotite in the underlying mantle cools and becomes more rigid . The crust and the relatively rigid peridotite below it make up the oceanic lithosphere .","sentences":["The oceanic crust is made up of rocks much younger than the Earth itself .","Most oceanic crust in the ocean basins is less than 200 million years old .","The crust is in a constant state of `` renewal '' at the ocean ridges .","Moving away from the mid-ocean ridge , ocean depth progressively increases ; the greatest depths are in ocean trenches .","As the oceanic crust moves away from the ridge axis , the peridotite in the underlying mantle cools and becomes more rigid .","The crust and the relatively rigid peridotite below it make up the oceanic lithosphere ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1244418889663221291","input":"why was he born so beautiful birthday song lyrics","passages":[{"title":"Wikipedia:Reference desk\/Archives\/Entertainment\/2012 July 7","text":"I never mentioned her accent . I said she was not convincing as an English woman . As an aside , Borgart 's accent was so bad they changed his part from British to Canadian . The point was that you made a statement about something that is down to individual taste . Which is why I no longer bother with reviews , preferring to judge a movie for myself . CambridgeBayWeather ( talk ) 15 : 17 , 9 July 2012 ( UTC )","sentences":["I never mentioned her accent .","I said she was not convincing as an English woman .","As an aside , Borgart 's accent was so bad they changed his part from British to Canadian .","The point was that you made a statement about something that is down to individual taste .","Which is why I no longer bother with reviews , preferring to judge a movie for myself .","CambridgeBayWeather ( talk ) 15 : 17 , 9 July 2012 ( UTC )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-993214533940813438","input":"who plays ac in the oj simpson show","passages":[{"title":"The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story","text":"Season Ep. 1 Ep. 2 Ep. 3 Ep. 4 Ep. 5 Ep. 6 Ep. 7 Ep. 8 Ep. 9 Ep. 10 The People v. O.J. Simpson 5.12 3.90 3.34 3.00 2.73 3.00 2.89 2.91 2.76 3.27 The Assassination of Gianni Versace 2.22 1.42 1.26 0.98 0.91 1.10 0.92 1.00 1.20 N \/ A Source","sentences":["Season Ep.","1 Ep.","2 Ep.","3 Ep.","4 Ep.","5 Ep.","6 Ep.","7 Ep.","8 Ep.","9 Ep.","10","The People v. O.J. Simpson 5.12 3.90 3.34 3.00 2.73 3.00 2.89 2.91 2.76 3.27 The Assassination of Gianni Versace 2.22 1.42 1.26 0.98 0.91","1.10 0.92 1.00 1.20 N \/ A Source"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1222402514237316688","input":"where does the fellowship of the ring end","passages":[{"title":"The Fellowship of the Ring","text":"Member Race Age Frodo Baggins Hobbit 50 Adopted heir of Bilbo and the Ring - bearer . Samwise `` Sam '' Gamgee Hobbit 38 Frodo 's gardener ; becomes Frodo 's companion on the quest . Gandalf the Grey Istari primeval Wizard who leads the Fellowship until the Bridge of Khazad - d\u00fbm in Moria , where he falls in combat with a Balrog . Legolas Elf 500 + Son of Thranduil , king of the Silvan Elves of Mirkwood . He came to inform Elrond of the escape of Gollum . Gimli Dwarf 139 Son of Gl\u00f3in . He came to Rivendell from the Lonely Mountain with his father to seek advice on the disappearance of Balin , and to warn Bilbo that Sauron 's agents are seeking him . Aragorn `` Strider '' Man 87 Chief Ranger of the North and heir of Isildur and Elendil ; he had accompanied the hobbits from Bree to Rivendell . Boromir Man 40 Son and heir of Denethor II , Steward of Gondor . He came to Rivendell seeking the meaning of a prophetic dream . Meriadoc `` Merry '' Brandybuck Hobbit 36 Son and heir of the Master of Buckland , cousin to both Pippin and Frodo . He is particularly close to Pippin . Peregrin `` Pippin '' Took Hobbit 28 Son and heir of the Thain in Tookland , he is the youngest member of the group and cousin to both Merry and Frodo .","sentences":["Member Race Age Frodo Baggins Hobbit 50 Adopted heir of Bilbo and the Ring - bearer .","Samwise `` Sam '' Gamgee Hobbit 38 Frodo 's gardener ; becomes Frodo 's companion on the quest .","Gandalf the Grey Istari primeval Wizard who leads the Fellowship until the Bridge of Khazad - d\u00fbm in Moria , where he falls in combat with a Balrog .","Legolas Elf 500 + Son of Thranduil , king of the Silvan Elves of Mirkwood .","He came to inform Elrond of the escape of Gollum .","Gimli Dwarf 139 Son of Gl\u00f3in .","He came to Rivendell from the Lonely Mountain with his father to seek advice on the disappearance of Balin , and to warn Bilbo that Sauron 's agents are seeking him .","Aragorn `` Strider '' Man 87 Chief Ranger of the North and heir of Isildur and Elendil ; he had accompanied the hobbits from Bree to Rivendell .","Boromir Man 40 Son and heir of Denethor II , Steward of Gondor .","He came to Rivendell seeking the meaning of a prophetic dream .","Meriadoc `` Merry '' Brandybuck Hobbit 36 Son and heir of the Master of Buckland , cousin to both Pippin and Frodo .","He is particularly close to Pippin .","Peregrin `` Pippin '' Took Hobbit 28 Son and heir of the Thain in Tookland , he is the youngest member of the group and cousin to both Merry and Frodo ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-592426259285194277","input":"who gets to dot the i ohio state","passages":[{"title":"Ohio State University Marching Band","text":"While the brass - only configuration has been unvarying since 1934 , the instrumentation has been subject to experimentation over the years . Around 1938 , slide trombones were removed from the band for fear they could not easily navigate the difficult Script Ohio drill . Trombones were originally replaced by tenor horns , and then eventually by the King 3B valve trombone - a valve trombone wrapped as a Euphonium - earning the name `` Trombonium . '' By 1970 , the band adopted the large - bore Conn 90G , prepared by Conn at the OSUMB 's instigation . Slide trombones returned to the band in 1980 , with the introduction of Bach Model 36 Stradivarius small shank tenor trombones . Tromboniums last marched in the varsity OSUMB block at the 1982 Alumni Reunion game , but continue to be used by Alumni members of the band . In 1997 , the band converted the alto voice of the band from Eb Alto horns , to F Mellophones . Several factors including instrument quality and durability , as well as tone projection , were cited in the switch . The last Eb Alto horns purchased by the OSUMB were Yamaha YAH - 203 's . The band switched to Getzen G4410 F Mellophones , and continued to use those until 2000 , when Getzen discontinued that instrument . The band switched to King 1120SP F Mellophones , and slowly phased these , along with the King 1121SP , which is the newest version of King Mellophone , through 2006 . All Getzen Mellophones are now used by Alumni Band or the OSU Athletic Band . In 1999 , Dr. Jon Woods , a trombone player himself , added Bass Trombones to the trombone section . This was done in an effort to round out the trombone choir , and to give a bit of an edge to Sousaphone parts in climactic music . The first model , and to date , only model of Bass Trombone used by the OSUMB is the Conn 110H . In 2008 , the band received a generous donation which allowed the entire high brass section ( Eb Cornets , Trumpets , and Flugelhorns ) to be outfitted with new Yamaha Xeno model instruments . These horns greatly influenced the sound of the band , as previous models of trumpets and flugelhorns were student level models , which typically are not constructed with the same quality as professional model instruments , such as the Xeno line . In 2013 , the band has begun a switch from King 2104SP tenor trombones to a special order Conn 8HY model .","sentences":["While the brass - only configuration has been unvarying since 1934 , the instrumentation has been subject to experimentation over the years .","Around 1938 , slide trombones were removed from the band for fear they could not easily navigate the difficult Script Ohio drill .","Trombones were originally replaced by tenor horns , and then eventually by the King 3B valve trombone - a valve trombone wrapped as a Euphonium - earning the name `` Trombonium . ''","By 1970 , the band adopted the large - bore Conn 90G , prepared by Conn at the OSUMB 's instigation .","Slide trombones returned to the band in 1980 , with the introduction of Bach Model 36 Stradivarius small shank tenor trombones .","Tromboniums last marched in the varsity OSUMB block at the 1982 Alumni Reunion game , but continue to be used by Alumni members of the band .","In 1997 , the band converted the alto voice of the band from Eb Alto horns , to F Mellophones .","Several factors including instrument quality and durability , as well as tone projection , were cited in the switch .","The last Eb Alto horns purchased by the OSUMB were Yamaha YAH - 203 's .","The band switched to Getzen G4410 F Mellophones , and continued to use those until 2000 , when Getzen discontinued that instrument .","The band switched to King 1120SP F Mellophones , and slowly phased these , along with the King 1121SP , which is the newest version of King Mellophone , through 2006 .","All Getzen Mellophones are now used by Alumni Band or the OSU Athletic Band .","In 1999 , Dr. Jon Woods , a trombone player himself , added Bass Trombones to the trombone section .","This was done in an effort to round out the trombone choir , and to give a bit of an edge to Sousaphone parts in climactic music .","The first model , and to date , only model of Bass Trombone used by the OSUMB is the Conn 110H .","In 2008 , the band received a generous donation which allowed the entire high brass section ( Eb Cornets , Trumpets , and Flugelhorns ) to be outfitted with new Yamaha Xeno model instruments .","These horns greatly influenced the sound of the band , as previous models of trumpets and flugelhorns were student level models , which typically are not constructed with the same quality as professional model instruments , such as the Xeno line .","In 2013 , the band has begun a switch from King 2104SP tenor trombones to a special order Conn 8HY model ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4110381907750773908","input":"where do the pearson's live this is us","passages":[{"title":"This Is Us (TV series)","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod . code U.S. viewers ( millions ) `` Pilot '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman September 20 , 2016 ( 2016 - 09 - 20 ) 1AZC01 10.07 `` The Big Three '' Ken Olin Dan Fogelman September 27 , 2016 ( 2016 - 09 - 27 ) 1AZC02 8.75 `` Kyle '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman October 11 , 2016 ( 2016 - 10 - 11 ) 1AZC03 9.87 `` The Pool '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman & Donald Todd October 18 , 2016 ( 2016 - 10 - 18 ) 1AZC04 9.71 5 5 `` The Game Plan '' George Tillman Joe Lawson October 25 , 2016 ( 2016 - 10 - 25 ) 1AZC05 8.68 6 6 `` Career Days '' Craig Zisk Bekah Brunstetter November 1 , 2016 ( 2016 - 11 - 01 ) 1AZC06 8.48 7 7 `` The Best Washing Machine in the World '' Silas Howard K.J. Steinberg November 15 , 2016 ( 2016 - 11 - 15 ) 1AZC07 9.50 8 8 `` Pilgrim Rick '' Sarah Pia Anderson Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger November 22 , 2016 ( 2016 - 11 - 22 ) 1AZC08 9.00 9 9 `` The Trip '' Uta Briesewitz Vera Herbert November 29 , 2016 ( 2016 - 11 - 29 ) 1AZC09 10.53 10 10 `` Last Christmas '' Helen Hunt Donald Todd December 6 , 2016 ( 2016 - 12 - 06 ) 1AZC10 10.95 11 11 `` The Right Thing to Do '' Timothy Busfield Aurin Squire January 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 01 - 10 ) 1AZC11 10.48 12 12 `` The Big Day '' Ken Olin Dan Fogelman & Laura Kenar January 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 01 - 17 ) 1AZC12 9.59 13 13 `` Three Sentences '' Chris Koch Joe Lawson & Bekah Brunstetter January 24 , 2017 ( 2017 - 01 - 24 ) 1AZC13 9.63 14 14 `` I Call Marriage '' George Tillman Jr . Kay Oyegun February 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 02 - 07 ) 1AZC14 9.57 15 15 `` Jack Pearson 's Son '' Ken Olin Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger February 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 02 - 14 ) 1AZC15 9.03 16 16 `` Memphis '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman February 21 , 2017 ( 2017 - 02 - 21 ) 1AZC16 9.35 17 17 `` What Now ? '' Wendey Stanzler K.J. Steinberg & Vera Herbert March 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 03 - 07 ) 1AZC17 11.15 18 18 `` Moonshadow '' Ken Olin Dan Fogelman & Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger March 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 03 - 14 ) 1AZC18 12.84","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod .","code U.S. viewers ( millions ) `` Pilot '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman September 20 , 2016 ( 2016 - 09 - 20 ) 1AZC01 10.07 `` The Big Three '' Ken Olin Dan Fogelman September 27 , 2016 ( 2016 - 09 - 27 ) 1AZC02 8.75 `` Kyle '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman October 11 , 2016 ( 2016 - 10 - 11 )","1AZC03 9.87 `` The Pool '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman & Donald Todd October 18 , 2016 ( 2016 - 10 - 18 ) 1AZC04 9.71 5 5 `` The Game Plan ''","George Tillman Joe Lawson October 25 , 2016 ( 2016 - 10 - 25 ) 1AZC05 8.68 6 6 `` Career Days '' Craig Zisk Bekah Brunstetter November 1 , 2016 ( 2016 - 11 - 01 ) 1AZC06 8.48 7 7 `` The Best Washing Machine in the World '' Silas Howard K.J.","Steinberg November 15 , 2016 ( 2016 - 11 - 15 ) 1AZC07 9.50 8 8 `` Pilgrim Rick '' Sarah Pia Anderson Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger November 22 , 2016 ( 2016 - 11 - 22 ) 1AZC08 9.00 9 9 `` The Trip '' Uta Briesewitz Vera Herbert November 29 , 2016 ( 2016 - 11 - 29 )","1AZC09 10.53 10 10 `` Last Christmas '' Helen Hunt Donald Todd December 6 , 2016 ( 2016 - 12 - 06 ) 1AZC10 10.95 11 11 `` The Right Thing to Do '' Timothy Busfield Aurin Squire January 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 01 - 10 ) 1AZC11 10.48 12 12 `` The Big Day ''","Ken Olin Dan Fogelman & Laura Kenar January 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 01 - 17 ) 1AZC12 9.59 13 13 `` Three Sentences '' Chris Koch Joe Lawson & Bekah Brunstetter January 24 , 2017 ( 2017 - 01 - 24 ) 1AZC13 9.63 14 14 `` I Call Marriage '' George Tillman Jr .","Kay Oyegun February 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 02 - 07 ) 1AZC14 9.57 15 15 `` Jack Pearson 's Son '' Ken Olin Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger February 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 02 - 14 )","1AZC15 9.03 16 16 `` Memphis '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman February 21 , 2017 ( 2017 - 02 - 21 ) 1AZC16 9.35 17 17 `` What Now ? ''","Wendey Stanzler K.J. Steinberg & Vera Herbert March 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 03 - 07 ) 1AZC17 11.15 18 18 `` Moonshadow '' Ken Olin Dan Fogelman & Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger March 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 03 - 14 ) 1AZC18 12.84"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2736733824144210911","input":"when does a star fruit tree bear fruit","passages":[{"title":"Carambola","text":"The fruit is about 5 to 15 centimetres ( 2 to 6 inches ) in length and is an oval shape . It usually has five prominent longitudinal ridges , but in rare instances it can have as few as four or as many as eight . In cross section , it resembles a star . The skin is thin , smooth , and waxy and turns a light to dark yellow when ripe . The flesh is translucent and light yellow to yellow in color . Each fruit can have 10 to 12 flat light brown seeds about 6 to 13 mm ( 0.25 to 0.5 in ) in width and enclosed in gelatinous aril . Once removed from the fruit , they lose viability within a few days .","sentences":["The fruit is about 5 to 15 centimetres ( 2 to 6 inches ) in length and is an oval shape .","It usually has five prominent longitudinal ridges , but in rare instances it can have as few as four or as many as eight .","In cross section , it resembles a star .","The skin is thin , smooth , and waxy and turns a light to dark yellow when ripe .","The flesh is translucent and light yellow to yellow in color .","Each fruit can have 10 to 12 flat light brown seeds about 6 to 13 mm ( 0.25 to 0.5 in ) in width and enclosed in gelatinous aril .","Once removed from the fruit , they lose viability within a few days ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6878195521706317104","input":"where did a city of the middle ages obtain drinking water","passages":[{"title":"Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States","text":"Centralized water and sanitation infrastructure is typically financed through utilities ' own revenue or debt . Debt can be in the form of soft loans from State Revolving Funds ( SRF ) , credits from commercial Banks or -- in the case of large utilities -- from bonds issued directly in the capital market . In the case of water supply ( i.e. excluding sanitation ) , 42 % of investments were financed by private sector borrowing , 39 % by current revenues , 13 % by government loans including the Drinking Water SRF , 5 % by government grants and 1 % from other sources . Although federal funding for the main of the two SRFs has declined in real terms by 70 % between its peak in 1991 and 2006 , SRFs play an important role in financing water and sanitation investments . There are two SRFs : The larger Clean Water State Revolving Fund , created in 1987 , and the smaller Drinking Water State Revolving Fund , created in 1997 . They receive federal and state contributions and issue bonds . In turn , they provide soft loans to utilities in their respective states , with average interest rates at 2 % for up to 20 years in the case of the Clean Water State Revolving Fund . In addition to the SRFs , the United States Department of Agriculture provides grants , loans and loan guarantees for water supply and sanitation in small communities ( those with less than 10,000 inhabitants ) , together with technical assistance and training .","sentences":["Centralized water and sanitation infrastructure is typically financed through utilities ' own revenue or debt .","Debt can be in the form of soft loans from State Revolving Funds ( SRF ) , credits from commercial Banks or -- in the case of large utilities -- from bonds issued directly in the capital market .","In the case of water supply ( i.e. excluding sanitation ) , 42 % of investments were financed by private sector borrowing , 39 % by current revenues , 13 % by government loans including the Drinking Water SRF , 5 % by government grants and 1 % from other sources .","Although federal funding for the main of the two SRFs has declined in real terms by 70 % between its peak in 1991 and 2006 , SRFs play an important role in financing water and sanitation investments .","There are two SRFs : The larger Clean Water State Revolving Fund , created in 1987 , and the smaller Drinking Water State Revolving Fund , created in 1997 .","They receive federal and state contributions and issue bonds .","In turn , they provide soft loans to utilities in their respective states , with average interest rates at 2 % for up to 20 years in the case of the Clean Water State Revolving Fund .","In addition to the SRFs , the United States Department of Agriculture provides grants , loans and loan guarantees for water supply and sanitation in small communities ( those with less than 10,000 inhabitants ) , together with technical assistance and training ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1183879421211740100","input":"when does pam come back to the office season 5","passages":[{"title":"The Office (U.S. season 9)","text":"Stephen Colbert guest starred in the Halloween episode as Broccoli Rob , a former member of Here Comes Treble , Andy 's a cappella group . The episode `` Lice '' guest starred Julius Erving playing himself as an investor in Jim 's sports marketing business . Former NBC co-chairman and The Office executive producer Ben Silverman had a minor recurring role as one of Jim 's colleagues . He appeared in the episodes `` Here Comes Treble '' , `` Suit Warehouse '' , `` Customer Loyalty '' , and `` Moving On '' . The fourteenth episode , `` Junior Salesmen '' , featured several guest stars . These included Eric Wareheim as Gabor , Matt L. Jones as Zeke , and Will McCormack as Wolf . In the episode `` Promos '' , athlete Ryan Howard played a version of himself . Comedian Roseanne Barr had a two - episode arc as a talent agent named Carla Fern , and first appeared in the episode `` Stairmageddon '' . Michael Imperioli guest starred in the episode `` Livin ' the Dream '' as Sensei Billy , acting as a foil for Dwight . The episode `` A.A.R.M. '' guest starred Aaron Rodgers , Clay Aiken , Mark McGrath , Santigold , and Jessica St. Clair , all playing themselves . The series finale guest starred : Rachael Harris as Angela 's sister ; Joan Cusack and Ed Begley Jr. as Erin 's biological parents ; Malcolm Barrett as Stanley 's replacement ; and Bill Hader and Seth Meyers as themselves .","sentences":["Stephen Colbert guest starred in the Halloween episode as Broccoli Rob , a former member of Here Comes Treble , Andy 's a cappella group .","The episode `` Lice '' guest starred Julius Erving playing himself as an investor in Jim 's sports marketing business .","Former NBC co-chairman and The Office executive producer Ben Silverman had a minor recurring role as one of Jim 's colleagues .","He appeared in the episodes `` Here Comes Treble '' , `` Suit Warehouse '' , `` Customer Loyalty '' , and `` Moving On '' .","The fourteenth episode , `` Junior Salesmen '' , featured several guest stars .","These included Eric Wareheim as Gabor , Matt L. Jones as Zeke , and Will McCormack as Wolf .","In the episode `` Promos '' , athlete Ryan Howard played a version of himself .","Comedian Roseanne Barr had a two - episode arc as a talent agent named Carla Fern , and first appeared in the episode `` Stairmageddon '' .","Michael Imperioli guest starred in the episode `` Livin ' the Dream '' as Sensei Billy , acting as a foil for Dwight .","The episode `` A.A.R.M. '' guest starred Aaron Rodgers , Clay Aiken , Mark McGrath , Santigold , and Jessica St. Clair , all playing themselves .","The series finale guest starred : Rachael Harris as Angela 's sister ; Joan Cusack and Ed Begley Jr. as Erin 's biological parents ; Malcolm Barrett as Stanley 's replacement ; and Bill Hader and Seth Meyers as themselves ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-476728758407804370","input":"actions states can take that require congressional approval","passages":[{"title":"War Powers Resolution","text":"Jump up ^ Owen , Robert ( 2015 ) . `` The U.S. Experience : National Strategy and Campaign Support '' . In Karl Mueller . Precision and Purpose : Airpower in the Libyan Civil War . Rand Corporation . p. 105 .","sentences":["Jump up ^","Owen , Robert ( 2015 ) .","`` The U.S. Experience : National Strategy and Campaign Support '' .","In Karl Mueller .","Precision and Purpose :","Airpower in the Libyan Civil War .","Rand Corporation .","p. 105 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1800918411379129240","input":"who pushed for the civil rights act of 1964","passages":[{"title":"Civil Rights Act of 1964","text":"Despite its lack of influence during its time , the Civil Rights Act of 1964 had considerable impact on later civil rights legislation in the United States . It paved the way for future legislation that was not limited to African American civil rights . The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 -- which has been called `` the most important piece of federal legislation since the Civil Rights Act of 1964 '' -- was influenced both by the structure and substance of the previous Civil Rights Act of 1964 . The act was arguably of equal importance , and `` draws substantially from the structure of that landmark legislation ( Civil Rights Act of 1964 ) '' . The Americans With Disabilities Act paralleled its landmark predecessor structurally , drawing upon many of the same titles and statutes . For example , `` Title I of the ADA , which bans employment discrimination by private employers on the basis of disability , parallels Title VII of the Act '' . Similarly , Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act , `` which proscribes discrimination on the basis of disability in public accommodations , tracks Title II of the 1964 Act while expanding upon the list of public accommodations covered . '' The Americans with Disabilities Act extended `` the principle of nondiscrimination to people with disabilities '' , an idea unsought in the United States before the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 . The Act also influenced later civil rights legislation , such as the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968 , aiding not only African Americans , but also women .","sentences":["Despite its lack of influence during its time , the Civil Rights Act of 1964 had considerable impact on later civil rights legislation in the United States .","It paved the way for future legislation that was not limited to African American civil rights .","The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 -- which has been called `` the most important piece of federal legislation since the Civil Rights Act of 1964 '' -- was influenced both by the structure and substance of the previous Civil Rights Act of 1964 .","The act was arguably of equal importance , and `` draws substantially from the structure of that landmark legislation ( Civil Rights Act of 1964 ) '' .","The Americans With Disabilities Act paralleled its landmark predecessor structurally , drawing upon many of the same titles and statutes .","For example , `` Title I of the ADA , which bans employment discrimination by private employers on the basis of disability , parallels Title VII of the Act '' .","Similarly , Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act , `` which proscribes discrimination on the basis of disability in public accommodations , tracks Title II of the 1964 Act while expanding upon the list of public accommodations covered . ''","The Americans with Disabilities Act extended `` the principle of nondiscrimination to people with disabilities '' , an idea unsought in the United States before the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 .","The Act also influenced later civil rights legislation , such as the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968 , aiding not only African Americans , but also women ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8823007950538389035","input":"what is important about the interior of the temple of abu simbel","passages":[{"title":"Abu Simbel temples","text":"Remarkably , this is one of very few instances in Egyptian art where the statues of the king and his consort have equal size . Traditionally , the statues of the queens stood next to those of the pharaoh , but were never taller than his knees . Ramesses went to Abu Simbel with his wife in the 24th year of his reign . As the Great Temple of the king , there are small statues of princes and princesses next to their parents . In this case they are positioned symmetrically : on the south side ( at left as one faces the gateway ) are , from left to right , princes Meryatum and Meryre , princesses Meritamen and Henuttawy , and princes Rahirwenemef and Amun - her - khepeshef , while on the north side the same figures are in reverse order . The plan of the Small Temple is a simplified version of that of the Great Temple .","sentences":["Remarkably , this is one of very few instances in Egyptian art where the statues of the king and his consort have equal size .","Traditionally , the statues of the queens stood next to those of the pharaoh , but were never taller than his knees .","Ramesses went to Abu Simbel with his wife in the 24th year of his reign .","As the Great Temple of the king , there are small statues of princes and princesses next to their parents .","In this case they are positioned symmetrically : on the south side ( at left as one faces the gateway ) are , from left to right , princes Meryatum and Meryre , princesses Meritamen and Henuttawy , and princes Rahirwenemef and Amun - her - khepeshef , while on the north side the same figures are in reverse order .","The plan of the Small Temple is a simplified version of that of the Great Temple ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8737600052099460828","input":"what was changed in the canadian national anthem","passages":[{"title":"O Canada","text":"Official English Official French Translation from French by the Parliamentary translation bureau O Canada ! Our home and native land ! True patriot love in all thy sons command . With glowing hearts we see thee rise , The True North strong and free ! From far and wide , O Canada , we stand on guard for thee . God keep our land glorious and free ! O Canada , we stand on guard for thee . O Canada , we stand on guard for thee . \u00d4 Canada ! Terre de nos a\u00efeux , Ton front est ceint de fleurons glorieux ! Car ton bras sait porter l'\u00e9p\u00e9e , Il sait porter la croix ! Ton histoire est une \u00e9pop\u00e9e Des plus brillants exploits . Et ta valeur , de foi tremp\u00e9e , Prot\u00e9gera nos foyers et nos droits . Prot\u00e9gera nos foyers et nos droits . O Canada ! Land of our ancestors Glorious deeds circle your brow For your arm knows how to wield the sword Your arm knows how to carry the cross ; Your history is an epic Of brilliant deeds And your valour steeped in faith Will protect our homes and our rights , Will protect our homes and our rights .","sentences":["Official English Official French Translation from French by the Parliamentary translation bureau O Canada !","Our home and native land !","True patriot love in all thy sons command .","With glowing hearts we see thee rise , The True North strong and free !","From far and wide , O Canada , we stand on guard for thee .","God keep our land glorious and free !","O Canada , we stand on guard for thee .","O Canada , we stand on guard for thee .","\u00d4 Canada !","Terre de nos a\u00efeux , Ton front est ceint de fleurons glorieux !","Car ton bras sait porter l'\u00e9p\u00e9e , Il sait porter la croix !","Ton histoire est une \u00e9pop\u00e9e Des plus brillants exploits .","Et ta valeur , de foi tremp\u00e9e , Prot\u00e9gera nos foyers et nos droits .","Prot\u00e9gera nos foyers et nos droits .","O Canada !","Land of our ancestors Glorious deeds circle your brow","For your arm knows how to wield the sword Your arm knows how to carry the cross ; Your history is an epic Of brilliant deeds And your valour steeped in faith Will protect our homes and our rights , Will protect our homes and our rights ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4781642480121219997","input":"when was season 3 of the ranch filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Ranch (TV series)","text":"Beau breaks his back while attempting to play football with Colt and Rooster . At Maggie 's , the family plays a prank at Beau for refusing to go to the doctor and sees Kenny as he offers Colt to give a speech at the Garrison high school football team spaghetti dinner . Colt meets Garrison 's quarterback and coach , but his egoistical storytelling of how he led the school to win the state championship earns himself disrespect . Abby refuses to come back after Colt questions her coming to his house despite dating Kenny . Devastated , he humiliates himself at the speech , to the disgust of the audience . Driving a tractor while drunk , he is driven home by a police who is his high school friend , Billy . At breakfast , Beau diagnoses Colt of not yet finding out who he wants to be . Meanwhile after having a hard day at work , Beau eventually sees a doctor . A medical check - up shows him that he has high blood pressure and is advised to give up red meat and alcohol which are his stress relieves .","sentences":["Beau breaks his back while attempting to play football with Colt and Rooster .","At Maggie 's , the family plays a prank at Beau for refusing to go to the doctor and sees Kenny as he offers Colt to give a speech at the Garrison high school football team spaghetti dinner .","Colt meets Garrison 's quarterback and coach , but his egoistical storytelling of how he led the school to win the state championship earns himself disrespect .","Abby refuses to come back after Colt questions her coming to his house despite dating Kenny .","Devastated , he humiliates himself at the speech , to the disgust of the audience .","Driving a tractor while drunk , he is driven home by a police who is his high school friend , Billy .","At breakfast , Beau diagnoses Colt of not yet finding out who he wants to be .","Meanwhile after having a hard day at work , Beau eventually sees a doctor .","A medical check - up shows him that he has high blood pressure and is advised to give up red meat and alcohol which are his stress relieves ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1047650338032777228","input":"when do new episode of rick and morty","passages":[{"title":"Rick and Morty","text":"The first draft was completed in six hours on the Paramount Pictures lot in Dan Harmon 's unfurnished Community office . The duo had broken the story that day , sold the pilot , and then sat down to write . Roiland , while acknowledging a tendency for procrastination , encouraged Harmon to stay and write the entire first draft . `` We were sitting on the floor , cross-legged with laptops and I was about to get up and go home and he said , ' Wait , if you go home , it might take us three months to write this thing . Stay here right now and we can write it in six hours . ' He just had a premonition about that , '' recalled Harmon . Adult Swim was initially unsure of Roiland doing both voices , partially due to the undeveloped nature of the character of Morty . Harmon wrote four short premises in which Morty took a more assertive role and sent it to Mike Lazzo . Adult Swim placed a tamer TV - 14 rating on the program , which initially was met with reluctance from the show 's staff . The network 's reason behind the rating was that it would soon begin broadcasting in prime - time , competing with major programs .","sentences":["The first draft was completed in six hours on the Paramount Pictures lot in Dan Harmon 's unfurnished Community office .","The duo had broken the story that day , sold the pilot , and then sat down to write .","Roiland , while acknowledging a tendency for procrastination , encouraged Harmon to stay and write the entire first draft .","`` We were sitting on the floor , cross-legged with laptops and I was about to get up and go home and he said , ' Wait , if you go home , it might take us three months to write this thing .","Stay here right now","and we can write it in six hours . '","He just had a premonition about that , '' recalled Harmon .","Adult Swim was initially unsure of Roiland doing both voices , partially due to the undeveloped nature of the character of Morty .","Harmon wrote four short premises in which Morty took a more assertive role and sent it to Mike Lazzo .","Adult Swim placed a tamer TV - 14 rating on the program , which initially was met with reluctance from the show 's staff .","The network 's reason behind the rating was that it would soon begin broadcasting in prime - time , competing with major programs ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8713957871863252463","input":"when does stephen kings new book come out","passages":[{"title":"It (2017 film)","text":"Now calling themselves `` The Losers Club '' , they realize they are all being terrorized by the same entity . They determine that `` It '' assumes the appearance of what they fear , awakens every 27 years to feed on the children of Derry before returning to hibernation , and moves about by using sewer lines , which all lead to a well currently under the abandoned house at 29 Neibolt Street . After an attack by Pennywise , the group ventures to the house to confront him , only to be separated and terrorized . Eddie breaks his arm , while Pennywise gloats to Bill about Georgie . As they regroup , Beverly impales Pennywise through the head , forcing the clown to retreat . After the encounter , the group begins to splinter , with only Bill and Beverly resolute in fighting It .","sentences":["Now calling themselves `` The Losers Club '' , they realize they are all being terrorized by the same entity .","They determine that `` It '' assumes the appearance of what they fear , awakens every 27 years to feed on the children of Derry before returning to hibernation , and moves about by using sewer lines , which all lead to a well currently under the abandoned house at 29 Neibolt Street .","After an attack by Pennywise , the group ventures to the house to confront him , only to be separated and terrorized .","Eddie breaks his arm , while Pennywise gloats to Bill about Georgie .","As they regroup , Beverly impales Pennywise through the head , forcing the clown to retreat .","After the encounter , the group begins to splinter , with only Bill and Beverly resolute in fighting It ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3030068325644270156","input":"what president brought us into world war 2","passages":[{"title":"Military history of the United States during World War II","text":"Another notable example was the Flying Tigers , created by Claire L. Chennault , a retired U.S. Army Air Corps officer working in the China since August 1937 , first as military aviation advisor to Generalissimo Chiang Kai - shek in the early months of the Sino - Japanese War . Officially known as the 1st American Volunteer Group ( AVG ) but nicknamed the `` Flying Tigers '' , this was a group of American Pilots already serving in the US Armed forces and recruited under presidential authority . As a unit they would serve in the Chinese Air Force to fight against the Japanese . The group comprised three fighter squadrons of around thirty aircraft each , the AVG 's first combat mission was on 20 December 1941 , twelve days after the Pearl Harbor attack . On 4 July 1942 the AVG was disbanded , it was replaced by the 23rd Fighter Group of the United States Army Air Forces , which was later absorbed into the U.S. Fourteenth Air Force . During their time in the Chinese Air Force , they succeeded in destroying 296 enemy aircraft , while losing only fourteen pilots in combat .","sentences":["Another notable example was the Flying Tigers , created by Claire L. Chennault , a retired U.S. Army Air Corps officer working in the China since August 1937 , first as military aviation advisor to Generalissimo Chiang Kai - shek in the early months of the Sino - Japanese War .","Officially known as the 1st American Volunteer Group ( AVG ) but nicknamed the `` Flying Tigers '' , this was a group of American Pilots already serving in the US Armed forces and recruited under presidential authority .","As a unit they would serve in the Chinese Air Force to fight against the Japanese .","The group comprised three fighter squadrons of around thirty aircraft each , the AVG 's first combat mission was on 20 December 1941 , twelve days after the Pearl Harbor attack .","On 4 July 1942 the AVG was disbanded , it was replaced by the 23rd Fighter Group of the United States Army Air Forces , which was later absorbed into the U.S. Fourteenth Air Force .","During their time in the Chinese Air Force , they succeeded in destroying 296 enemy aircraft , while losing only fourteen pilots in combat ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8983248596987177564","input":"what is the tree of life a symbol of","passages":[{"title":"Tree of life","text":"In Serer religion , the tree of life as a religious concept forms the basis of Serer cosmogony . Trees were the first things created on Earth by the supreme being Roog ( or Koox among the Cangin ) . In the competing versions of the Serer creation myth , the Somb ( Prosopis africana ) and the Saas tree ( acacia albida ) are both viewed as trees of life . However , the prevailing view is that , the Somb was the first tree on Earth and the progenitor of plant life . The Somb was also used in the Serer tumuli and burial chambers , many of which had survived for more than a thousand years . Thus , Somb is not only the Tree of Life in Serer society , but the symbol of immortality .","sentences":["In Serer religion , the tree of life as a religious concept forms the basis of Serer cosmogony .","Trees were the first things created on Earth by the supreme being Roog ( or Koox among the Cangin ) .","In the competing versions of the Serer creation myth , the Somb ( Prosopis africana ) and the Saas tree ( acacia albida ) are both viewed as trees of life .","However , the prevailing view is that , the Somb was the first tree on Earth and the progenitor of plant life .","The Somb was also used in the Serer tumuli and burial chambers , many of which had survived for more than a thousand years .","Thus , Somb is not only the Tree of Life in Serer society , but the symbol of immortality ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"23701794456415602","input":"where do you go to my lovely where do you go i wanna know","passages":[{"title":"Where Do You Go (La Bouche song)","text":"Chart ( 1996 ) Position Australian Singles Chart 26 Austrian Singles Chart 29 Belgian ( Wallonia ) Singles Chart 41 Canada Dance ( RPM ) 34 Europe ( Eurochart Hot 100 ) 19 French Singles Chart 13 Swiss Singles Chart 17 US Billboard Hot 100 26 Chart ( 1997 ) Position Australian Singles Chart 82 Europe ( Eurochart Hot 100 ) 26 UK Singles Chart 18","sentences":["Chart ( 1996 )","Position Australian Singles Chart 26 Austrian Singles Chart 29 Belgian ( Wallonia )","Singles Chart 41 Canada Dance ( RPM )","34 Europe ( Eurochart Hot 100 ) 19 French Singles Chart 13 Swiss Singles Chart 17 US Billboard Hot 100 26 Chart ( 1997 )","Position Australian Singles Chart 82 Europe ( Eurochart Hot 100 )","26 UK Singles Chart 18"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8050687591613865761","input":"what kind of car was used for the batmobile","passages":[{"title":"Batmobile","text":"The Batman Forever Batmobile had a Chevrolet 350 ZZ3 high - performance motor . The body is made from a vacuum - bagged high - temperature epoxy fiberglass laminate . The wheelbase is 118 in . ( 118 inches ( 3.0 m ) ) , the average car wheelbase measures around 103 ( USDOT Data 1980 -- 2000 ) inches . In all , its size was 300 in long and 126 in high . Carbon fiber was used to build the body of this particular Batmobile . The specifications for the Batmobile in this film are :","sentences":["The Batman Forever Batmobile had a Chevrolet 350 ZZ3 high - performance motor .","The body is made from a vacuum - bagged high - temperature epoxy fiberglass laminate .","The wheelbase is 118 in .","( 118 inches ( 3.0 m ) ) , the average car wheelbase measures around 103 ( USDOT Data 1980 -- 2000 ) inches .","In all , its size was 300 in long and 126 in high .","Carbon fiber was used to build the body of this particular Batmobile .","The specifications for the Batmobile in this film are :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8171195651587698845","input":"what african country borders the mediterranean sea and the red sea","passages":[{"title":"Red Sea","text":"In general tide ranges between 0.6 m ( 2.0 ft ) in the north , near the mouth of the Gulf of Suez and 0.9 m ( 3.0 ft ) in the south near the Gulf of Aden but it fluctuates between 0.20 m ( 0.66 ft ) and 0.30 m ( 0.98 ft ) away from the nodal point . The central Red Sea ( Jeddah area ) is therefore almost tideless , and as such the annual water level changes are more significant . Because of the small tidal range the water during high tide inundates the coastal sabkhas as a thin sheet of water up to a few hundred metres rather than flooding the sabkhas through a network of channels . However , south of Jeddah in the Shoiaba area the water from the lagoon may cover the adjoining sabkhas as far as 3 km ( 2 mi ) , whereas , north of Jeddah in the Al - Kharrar area the sabkhas are covered by a thin sheet of water as far as 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) . The prevailing north and northeast winds influence the movement of water in the coastal inlets to the adjacent sabkhas , especially during storms . Winter mean sea level is 0.5 m ( 1.6 ft ) higher than in summer . Tidal velocities passing through constrictions caused by reefs , sand bars and low islands commonly exceed 1 -- 2 m \/ s ( 3 -- 6.5 ft \/ s ) . Coral reefs in the Red Sea are near Egypt , Eritrea , Israel , Saudi Arabia , and Sudan .","sentences":["In general tide ranges between 0.6 m ( 2.0 ft ) in the north , near the mouth of the Gulf of Suez and 0.9 m ( 3.0 ft ) in the south near the Gulf of Aden but it fluctuates between 0.20 m ( 0.66 ft ) and 0.30 m ( 0.98 ft ) away from the nodal point .","The central Red Sea ( Jeddah area ) is therefore almost tideless , and as such the annual water level changes are more significant .","Because of the small tidal range the water during high tide inundates the coastal sabkhas as a thin sheet of water up to a few hundred metres rather than flooding the sabkhas through a network of channels .","However , south of Jeddah in the Shoiaba area the water from the lagoon may cover the adjoining sabkhas as far as 3 km ( 2 mi ) , whereas , north of Jeddah in the Al - Kharrar area the sabkhas are covered by a thin sheet of water as far as 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) .","The prevailing north and northeast winds influence the movement of water in the coastal inlets to the adjacent sabkhas , especially during storms .","Winter mean sea level is 0.5 m ( 1.6 ft ) higher than in summer .","Tidal velocities passing through constrictions caused by reefs , sand bars and low islands commonly exceed 1 -- 2 m \/ s ( 3 -- 6.5 ft \/ s ) .","Coral reefs in the Red Sea are near Egypt , Eritrea , Israel , Saudi Arabia , and Sudan ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8584273964776211245","input":"what is the difference between municipal and common pleas court","passages":[{"title":"Ohio Courts of Common Pleas","text":"General divisions have original jurisdiction in all criminal felony cases , all civil cases in which the amount in controversy is more than $15,000 , and all cases involving title to real estate , excepting eviction matters . General divisions also have appellate jurisdiction over the decisions of some state administrative agencies and of city agencies . Domestic relations divisions have jurisdiction over proceedings involving divorce ( dissolution of marriage ) , annulment , legal separation , spousal support , parental rights , children , etc . Juvenile divisions hear cases involving juvenile delinquency ( minors under 18 years of age charged with acts that would be crimes if committed by an adult ) as well as cases involving unruly , dependent and neglected children . Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in adult cases involving paternity , child abuse , non-payment of child support , contributing to the delinquency of minors , and the failure to send children to school ( truancy ) . Probate divisions -- Formerly probate was handled by separate probate courts under Ohio Constitution of 1851 , which had original jurisdiction over the probate of wills , supervision of the administration of estates , and guardianship . In 1968 , the Modern Courts Amendment to the Ohio Constitution was adopted , establishing probate divisions of the courts of common pleas instead . Probate courts additionally have jurisdiction over the issuance of marriage licenses , adoption proceedings , determination of sanity or mental competency and certain eminent domain proceedings . Probate judges may also act as marriage officiants and charge a fee for the service .","sentences":["General divisions have original jurisdiction in all criminal felony cases , all civil cases in which the amount in controversy is more than $15,000 , and all cases involving title to real estate , excepting eviction matters .","General divisions also have appellate jurisdiction over the decisions of some state administrative agencies and of city agencies .","Domestic relations divisions have jurisdiction over proceedings involving divorce ( dissolution of marriage ) , annulment , legal separation , spousal support , parental rights , children , etc .","Juvenile divisions hear cases involving juvenile delinquency ( minors under 18 years of age charged with acts that would be crimes if committed by an adult ) as well as cases involving unruly , dependent and neglected children .","Juvenile courts have jurisdiction in adult cases involving paternity , child abuse , non-payment of child support , contributing to the delinquency of minors , and the failure to send children to school ( truancy ) .","Probate divisions -- Formerly probate was handled by separate probate courts under Ohio Constitution of 1851 , which had original jurisdiction over the probate of wills , supervision of the administration of estates , and guardianship .","In 1968 , the Modern Courts Amendment to the Ohio Constitution was adopted , establishing probate divisions of the courts of common pleas instead .","Probate courts additionally have jurisdiction over the issuance of marriage licenses , adoption proceedings , determination of sanity or mental competency and certain eminent domain proceedings .","Probate judges may also act as marriage officiants and charge a fee for the service ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5681264562424037025","input":"what is a buddhist prayer wheel used for","passages":[{"title":"Prayer wheel","text":"A prayer wheel is a cylindrical wheel ( Tibetan : \u0f60\u0f41\u0f7c\u0f62 \u0f0b , Wylie : ' khor ) on a spindle made from metal , wood , stone , leather or coarse cotton . Traditionally , the mantra Om Mani Padme Hum is written in Sanskrit on the outside of the wheel . Also sometimes depicted are Dakinis , Protectors and very often the 8 auspicious symbols Ashtamangala . At the core of the cylinder is a `` Life Tree '' often made of wood or metal with certain mantras written on or wrapped around it . Many thousands ( or in the case of larger prayer wheels , millions ) of mantras are then wrapped around this life tree . The Mantra Om Mani Padme Hum is most commonly used , but other mantras may be used as well . According to the Tibetan Buddhist tradition based on the lineage texts regarding prayer wheels , spinning such a wheel will have much the same meritorious effect as orally reciting the prayers .","sentences":["A prayer wheel is a cylindrical wheel ( Tibetan : \u0f60\u0f41\u0f7c\u0f62 \u0f0b , Wylie : ' khor ) on a spindle made from metal , wood , stone , leather or coarse cotton .","Traditionally , the mantra Om Mani Padme Hum is written in Sanskrit on the outside of the wheel .","Also sometimes depicted are Dakinis , Protectors and very often the 8 auspicious symbols Ashtamangala .","At the core of the cylinder is a `` Life Tree '' often made of wood or metal with certain mantras written on or wrapped around it .","Many thousands ( or in the case of larger prayer wheels , millions ) of mantras are then wrapped around this life tree .","The Mantra Om Mani Padme Hum is most commonly used , but other mantras may be used as well .","According to the Tibetan Buddhist tradition based on the lineage texts regarding prayer wheels , spinning such a wheel will have much the same meritorious effect as orally reciting the prayers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2655040904588842318","input":"who drives the monster energy car in nascar","passages":[{"title":"2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series","text":"On April 25 , 2017 , Dale Earnhardt Jr. announced that he would retire from full - time racing . On July 20 , 2017 , Alex Bowman was announced as his full - time replacement . On July 11 , 2017 , it was announced that Erik Jones will be replacing Matt Kenseth in the No. 20 car for Joe Gibbs Racing . On November 4 , 2017 , Kenseth announced he would be stepping away from full - time racing and will not compete in any 2018 events . On July 26 , 2017 , it was announced that Paul Menard will replace Ryan Blaney in the No. 21 car for Wood Brothers Racing . On August 1 , 2017 , it was announced that Kurt Busch will become a free agent after driving the No. 41 car for Stewart Haas Racing . However , on December 11 , 2017 , it was announced that Busch had re-signed with Stewart - Haas Racing on a 1 - year deal . On August 7 , 2017 , it was announced that Kasey Kahne would be leaving the No. 5 Hendrick Motorsports car at the end of 2017 . On August 8 , 2017 , it was announced that William Byron was named as his full - time replacement in the renumbered No. 24 car and will be running for Rookie of the Year honors . On September 19 , 2017 , it was announced that Kahne would be driving the No. 95 Chevrolet Camaro for Leavine Family Racing , replacing Michael McDowell . On September 12 , 2017 , Danica Patrick announced that she would not be returning to Stewart - Haas Racing in 2018 . Later that day , Richard Petty Motorsports announced that Aric Almirola would not be returning to the No. 43 team in 2018 . On October 25 , 2017 , Richard Petty Motorsports announced that Darrell Wallace Jr. would drive the No. 43 and compete for Rookie of the Year Honors . In 2017 , Wallace Jr. was going to run the full NASCAR Xfinity Series schedule driving the No. 6 Ford Mustang for Roush Fenway Racing , but the team shut down in June due to a lack of sponsorship . Wallace would also drive the No. 43 in the Cup series , filling in for Almirola when he was injured in a crash at Kansas . Wallace also drove the No. 98 Ford Mustang for Biagi - DenBeste Racing in the Xfinity Series at Chicago , and the No. 99 Chevrolet Silverado for MDM Motorsports in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series at Michigan . On September 25 , 2017 , Derrike Cope announced he would leave the No. 55 car of Premium Motorsports to drive the new No. 00 for StarCom Racing . Cope also serves as Team Manager , and the team will run the full schedule after securing a charter and Cope will drive the majority of the schedule . On October 10 , 2017 , Front Row Motorsports announced that Landon Cassill would not return to drive the teams No. 34 entry in 2018 . On December 14 , 2017 , it has been confirmed that Michael McDowell will drive full - time in the No. 34 , and David Ragan is returning to FRM in the No. 38 . On November 8 , 2017 , Stewart - Haas Racing announced that Aric Almirola would take over the No. 10 Ford full - time in 2018 , replacing Danica Patrick . On November 15 , 2017 , it was announced that Danica Patrick would be retiring from auto racing . She plans to race in the 2018 Daytona 500 ( NASCAR ) and the 2018 Indy 500 ( IndyCar ) before retiring . On November 22 , 2017 , it was announced that Ray Black Jr. would compete full - time and challenge for Rookie of the Year with Rick Ware Racing 's No. 51 chartered entry . The No. 51 did not have a charter in 2017 . RWR also announced a part - time No. 52 team with drivers Cody Ware , Kyle Weatherman , B.J. McLeod and John Graham . However in early February it was that Justin Marks would drive the No. 51 in the Daytona 500 , even though Ray Black Jr. was announced as the full - time driver . It is rumored that the deal fell through . On January 30 , 2018 , StarCom Racing signed Jeffrey Earnhardt to drive its chartered No. 00 Chevrolet for the season . Earnhardt replaces Derrike Cope , who will remain as team manager and also will drive a second car for the team later in the year . Earnhardt previously drove for Circle Sport -- The Motorsports Group full - time in 2017 . On February 5 , 2018 , TriStar Motorsports announced that Corey LaJoie would split the chartered No. 72 team with Cole Whitt , with sponsorship from Schluter Systems . LaJoie previously drove for BK Racing 's Nos. 23 and 83 in most of the races in 2017 . On March 20 , 2018 , Richard Childress Racing announced that Daniel Hemric would drive a part time No. 8 car in the Cup Series during the Richmond spring race and the during the playoffs on the new Charlotte `` Roval '' course . Crew","sentences":["On April 25 , 2017 , Dale Earnhardt Jr. announced that he would retire from full - time racing .","On July 20 , 2017 , Alex Bowman was announced as his full - time replacement .","On July 11 , 2017 , it was announced that Erik Jones will be replacing Matt Kenseth in the No. 20 car for Joe Gibbs Racing .","On November 4 , 2017 , Kenseth announced he would be stepping away from full - time racing and will not compete in any 2018 events .","On July 26 , 2017 , it was announced that Paul Menard will replace Ryan Blaney in the No. 21 car for Wood Brothers Racing .","On August 1 , 2017 , it was announced that Kurt Busch will become a free agent after driving the No. 41 car for Stewart Haas Racing .","However , on December 11 , 2017 , it was announced that Busch had re-signed with Stewart - Haas Racing on a 1 - year deal .","On August 7 , 2017 , it was announced that Kasey Kahne would be leaving the No. 5 Hendrick Motorsports car at the end of 2017 .","On August 8 , 2017 , it was announced that William Byron was named as his full - time replacement in the renumbered No. 24 car and will be running for Rookie of the Year honors .","On September 19 , 2017 , it was announced that Kahne would be driving the No. 95","Chevrolet Camaro for Leavine Family Racing , replacing Michael McDowell .","On September 12 , 2017 , Danica Patrick announced that she would not be returning to Stewart - Haas Racing in 2018 .","Later that day , Richard Petty Motorsports announced that Aric Almirola would not be returning to the No. 43 team in 2018 .","On October 25 , 2017 , Richard Petty Motorsports announced that Darrell Wallace Jr. would drive the No. 43 and compete for Rookie of the Year Honors .","In 2017 , Wallace Jr. was going to run the full NASCAR Xfinity Series schedule driving the No. 6 Ford Mustang for Roush Fenway Racing , but the team shut down in June due to a lack of sponsorship .","Wallace would also drive the No. 43 in the Cup series , filling in for Almirola when he was injured in a crash at Kansas .","Wallace also drove the No. 98","Ford Mustang for Biagi - DenBeste Racing in the Xfinity Series at Chicago , and the No. 99 Chevrolet Silverado for MDM Motorsports in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series at Michigan .","On September 25 , 2017 , Derrike Cope announced he would leave the No. 55 car of Premium Motorsports to drive the new No. 00 for StarCom Racing .","Cope also serves as Team Manager , and the team will run the full schedule after securing a charter and Cope will drive the majority of the schedule .","On October 10 , 2017 , Front Row Motorsports announced that Landon Cassill would not return to drive the teams No. 34 entry in 2018 .","On December 14 , 2017 , it has been confirmed that Michael McDowell will drive full - time in the No. 34 , and David Ragan is returning to FRM in the No. 38 .","On November 8 , 2017 , Stewart - Haas Racing announced that Aric Almirola would take over the No. 10 Ford full - time in 2018 , replacing Danica Patrick .","On November 15 , 2017 , it was announced that Danica Patrick would be retiring from auto racing .","She plans to race in the 2018 Daytona 500 ( NASCAR ) and the 2018 Indy 500 ( IndyCar ) before retiring .","On November 22 , 2017 , it was announced that Ray Black Jr. would compete full - time and challenge for Rookie of the Year with Rick Ware Racing 's No. 51 chartered entry .","The No. 51 did not have a charter in 2017 .","RWR also announced a part - time No. 52 team with drivers Cody Ware , Kyle Weatherman , B.J. McLeod and John Graham .","However in early February it was that Justin Marks would drive the No. 51 in the Daytona 500 , even though Ray Black Jr. was announced as the full - time driver .","It is rumored that the deal fell through .","On January 30 , 2018 , StarCom Racing signed Jeffrey Earnhardt to drive its chartered No. 00","Chevrolet for the season .","Earnhardt replaces Derrike Cope , who will remain as team manager and also will drive a second car for the team later in the year .","Earnhardt previously drove for Circle Sport -- The Motorsports Group full - time in 2017 .","On February 5 , 2018 , TriStar Motorsports announced that Corey LaJoie would split the chartered No. 72 team with Cole Whitt , with sponsorship from Schluter Systems .","LaJoie previously drove for BK Racing 's Nos. 23 and 83 in most of the races in 2017 .","On March 20 , 2018 , Richard Childress Racing announced that Daniel Hemric would drive a part time No. 8 car in the Cup Series during the Richmond spring race and the during the playoffs on the new Charlotte `` Roval '' course .","Crew"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5881959832031209955","input":"who played young miranda in haters back off","passages":[{"title":"Haters Back Off","text":"In NYC , Miranda and Kelly tape a rooftop promo for her performance , as eviction looms for the family back in Tacoma . Mr. Crusoe tells Kelly that the invitation was not for Miranda to perform , but only for her to attend `` Wrap Party '' . Patrick and Amanda have another medieval - themed date , as Emily melts down from Kelly 's betrayal . At Birdland Theatre on Broadway that night , the last act is Frankie Grande . Miranda climbs onstage to interrupt Grande 's song . She insults his singing , telling him to lip - synch to her , as she has an `` incredible voice '' . The audience thinks it is a brilliant comedy act . Grande and Crusoe invite Miranda to appear in further Broadway performances . Kelly is proud . News of Miranda 's triumph is received with mixed reactions at home . Patrick kisses Amanda but tries to make her more Miranda - like ; she flees . On a TV talk show , Miranda insults the host , upsetting everyone . Her agent and Kelly agree that the only way to salvage her fame is to hire an actress to play the person behind her `` act '' . Miranda storms out and returns sadly to the empty Tacoma house . Kelly is there ; he viciously bullies her . The family arrives to hear this , and Jim punches Kelly , who leaves . Although the family was evicted , they moved upstairs to the tiny attic crawlspace . Miranda and Patrick sweetly reconcile . On TV , Colleen Ballinger plays `` the actress behind Miranda Sings '' ; Miranda is appalled .","sentences":["In NYC , Miranda and Kelly tape a rooftop promo for her performance , as eviction looms for the family back in Tacoma .","Mr. Crusoe tells Kelly that the invitation was not for Miranda to perform , but only for her to attend `` Wrap Party '' .","Patrick and Amanda have another medieval - themed date , as Emily melts down from Kelly 's betrayal .","At Birdland Theatre on Broadway that night , the last act is Frankie Grande .","Miranda climbs onstage to interrupt Grande 's song .","She insults his singing , telling him to lip - synch to her , as she has an `` incredible voice '' .","The audience thinks it is a brilliant comedy act .","Grande and Crusoe invite Miranda to appear in further Broadway performances .","Kelly is proud .","News of Miranda 's triumph is received with mixed reactions at home .","Patrick kisses Amanda but tries to make her more Miranda - like ; she flees .","On a TV talk show , Miranda insults the host , upsetting everyone .","Her agent and Kelly agree that the only way to salvage her fame is to hire an actress to play the person behind her `` act '' .","Miranda storms out and returns sadly to the empty Tacoma house .","Kelly is there ; he viciously bullies her .","The family arrives to hear this , and Jim punches Kelly , who leaves .","Although the family was evicted , they moved upstairs to the tiny attic crawlspace .","Miranda and Patrick sweetly reconcile .","On TV , Colleen Ballinger plays `` the actress behind Miranda Sings '' ; Miranda is appalled ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1806336669159960602","input":"where can you get everything is love album","passages":[{"title":"Everything Is Love","text":"Chart ( 2018 ) Peak position Australian Albums ( ARIA ) 6 Austrian Albums ( \u00d63 Austria ) 21 Belgian Albums ( Ultratop Flanders ) 8 Belgian Albums ( Ultratop Wallonia ) 28 Canadian Albums ( Billboard ) Czech Albums ( \u010cNS IFPI ) 30 Danish Albums ( Hitlisten ) 10 Dutch Albums ( MegaCharts ) Finnish Albums ( Suomen virallinen lista ) 30 French Albums ( SNEP ) 33 German Albums ( Offizielle Top 100 ) 23 Hungarian Albums ( MAHASZ ) 33 Irish Albums ( OCC ) 10 Italian Albums ( FIMI ) 20 New Zealand Albums ( RMNZ ) 11 Norwegian Albums ( VG - lista ) 8 Portuguese Albums ( AFP ) 34 Scottish Albums ( OCC ) 7 Spanish Albums ( PROMUSICAE ) 25 Swedish Albums ( Sverigetopplistan ) 7 UK Albums ( OCC ) 5 US Billboard 200 US Top R&B \/ Hip - Hop Albums ( Billboard )","sentences":["Chart ( 2018 )","Peak position Australian Albums ( ARIA ) 6 Austrian Albums ( \u00d63 Austria )","21 Belgian Albums ( Ultratop Flanders ) 8 Belgian Albums ( Ultratop Wallonia )","28 Canadian Albums ( Billboard ) Czech Albums ( \u010cNS IFPI ) 30 Danish Albums ( Hitlisten ) 10 Dutch Albums ( MegaCharts ) Finnish Albums ( Suomen virallinen lista ) 30 French Albums ( SNEP ) 33 German Albums ( Offizielle Top 100 ) 23 Hungarian Albums ( MAHASZ )","33 Irish Albums ( OCC ) 10 Italian Albums ( FIMI ) 20 New Zealand Albums ( RMNZ ) 11 Norwegian Albums ( VG - lista ) 8 Portuguese Albums ( AFP )","34 Scottish Albums ( OCC ) 7 Spanish Albums ( PROMUSICAE ) 25 Swedish Albums ( Sverigetopplistan ) 7 UK Albums ( OCC ) 5 US Billboard 200 US Top R&B \/ Hip - Hop Albums ( Billboard )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1318326617082370819","input":"what is halts last name in ranger's apprentice","passages":[{"title":"Ranger's Apprentice","text":"Halt succeeds in destroying the Skandian force and he returns to the king with a plan . Halt 's troops dress in the unmistakable horned helmets of the dead Skandians and take their shields , leading Morgarath to believe that the Skandians are ready to outflank the king . This goads Morgarath into ordering his Wargals to charge into the open plain . However , just as the armies are about to collide , the king 's army parts in the middle , and Halt 's cavalry charge down the open center at the advancing Wargals . The Wargals , who are afraid only of horses , are demolished by Halt 's cavalry , and by the king 's horsemen who join in the assault . Seeing his army destroyed , Morgarath offers a flag of truce and prepares to challenge Halt to single combat to avenge his own defeat .","sentences":["Halt succeeds in destroying the Skandian force and he returns to the king with a plan .","Halt 's troops dress in the unmistakable horned helmets of the dead Skandians and take their shields , leading Morgarath to believe that the Skandians are ready to outflank the king .","This goads Morgarath into ordering his Wargals to charge into the open plain .","However , just as the armies are about to collide , the king 's army parts in the middle , and Halt 's cavalry charge down the open center at the advancing Wargals .","The Wargals , who are afraid only of horses , are demolished by Halt 's cavalry , and by the king 's horsemen who join in the assault .","Seeing his army destroyed , Morgarath offers a flag of truce and prepares to challenge Halt to single combat to avenge his own defeat ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1961988203071992664","input":"what is the girl's name in who framed roger rabbit","passages":[{"title":"Who Framed Roger Rabbit","text":"VistaVision cameras installed with motion - control technology were used for the photography of the live - action scenes which would be composited with animation . Rubber mannequins of Roger Rabbit , Baby Herman , and the weasels would portray the animated characters during rehearsals to teach the actors where to look when acting with `` open air and imaginative cartoon characters '' . Many of the live - action props held by cartoon characters were shot on set with either robotic arms holding the props or the props were manipulated by strings , similar to a marionette . The actor who played the voice of Roger , Charles Fleischer , insisted on wearing a Roger Rabbit costume while on the set , to get into character . Filming began on December 2 , 1986 , and lasted for seven months at Elstree Studios , with an additional month in Los Angeles and at Industrial Light & Magic ( ILM ) for blue screen effects of Toontown . The entrance of Desilu Studios served as the fictional Maroon Cartoon Studio lot .","sentences":["VistaVision cameras installed with motion - control technology were used for the photography of the live - action scenes which would be composited with animation .","Rubber mannequins of Roger Rabbit , Baby Herman , and the weasels would portray the animated characters during rehearsals to teach the actors where to look when acting with `` open air and imaginative cartoon characters '' .","Many of the live - action props held by cartoon characters were shot on set with either robotic arms holding the props or the props were manipulated by strings , similar to a marionette .","The actor who played the voice of Roger , Charles Fleischer , insisted on wearing a Roger Rabbit costume while on the set , to get into character .","Filming began on December 2 , 1986 , and lasted for seven months at Elstree Studios , with an additional month in Los Angeles and at Industrial Light & Magic ( ILM ) for blue screen effects of Toontown .","The entrance of Desilu Studios served as the fictional Maroon Cartoon Studio lot ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6366159220708690669","input":"where did the december 26 2004 tsunami hit","passages":[{"title":"2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami","text":"Moreover , in Malacca located on the island of Car Nicobar , According to local people , three pulses of tsunami waves attacked the area three times . The first wave that came 5 minutes after the earthquake was preceded by recession of the seawater up to 600 -- 700 m ( 1969 -- 2297 ft ) , exposing the seabed . The second and third waves came with a 10 minutes interval after the first and second waves respectively . The third wave was the strongest , with a maximum tsunami wave height of 11 m ( 36 ft ) and was accompanied by a loud noise . The landward flow direction measured from bent rods was towards S800 W and the back flow was towards east direction . The inundation limit is 1.125 m ( 0.41 ft ) from the sea water \/ land contact ( on the date of measurement ) towards west and restricted up to 10 m . Furthermore , waves nearly 3 stories high devastated the Indian Air Force base , located just south of Malacca . The tsunami waves attacked the area three times with a maximum tsunami wave height of 11 m ( 36 ft ) . Inundation limit was found to be up to 1.25 km ( 4101 ft ) inland . The impact of the waves was so severe that four Oil tankers of IOC were thrown almost 800 m ( 2624 ft ) from the seashore near Malacca to Air force colony main gate . In Chuckchucha and Lapati , the tsunami arrived in a three wave cycle with a maximum tsunami wave height of 12 m ( 39 ft ) .","sentences":["Moreover , in Malacca located on the island of Car Nicobar , According to local people , three pulses of tsunami waves attacked the area three times .","The first wave that came 5 minutes after the earthquake was preceded by recession of the seawater up to 600 -- 700 m ( 1969 -- 2297 ft ) , exposing the seabed .","The second and third waves came with a 10 minutes interval after the first and second waves respectively .","The third wave was the strongest , with a maximum tsunami wave height of 11 m ( 36 ft ) and was accompanied by a loud noise .","The landward flow direction measured from bent rods was towards S800 W and the back flow was towards east direction .","The inundation limit is 1.125 m ( 0.41 ft ) from the sea water \/ land contact ( on the date of measurement ) towards west and restricted up to 10 m .","Furthermore , waves nearly 3 stories high devastated the Indian Air Force base , located just south of Malacca .","The tsunami waves attacked the area three times with a maximum tsunami wave height of 11 m ( 36 ft ) .","Inundation limit was found to be up to 1.25 km ( 4101 ft ) inland .","The impact of the waves was so severe that four Oil tankers of IOC were thrown almost 800 m ( 2624 ft ) from the seashore near Malacca to Air force colony main gate .","In Chuckchucha and Lapati , the tsunami arrived in a three wave cycle with a maximum tsunami wave height of 12 m ( 39 ft ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8497393292357770247","input":"who does mia marry in princess diaries 2","passages":[{"title":"The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement","text":"For a ceremony , Mia is to ride sidesaddle , but is inexperienced . Queen Clarisse provides an ancestral wooden leg decoy to make it look like she 's riding sidesaddle . Mabrey spooks Mia 's horse with a rubber snake , and Joe rushes to aid Mia , but accidentally tears off the wooden leg . Humiliated , Mia flees to the stables , where Nicholas fails to comfort her . At a garden party , Mia and Nicholas quarrel about Mia 's relationship with Andrew ; Nicholas tricks Mia into admitting she does n't love Andrew . Frustrated , she argues , but instead gets bombarded by a kiss . At first , she kisses him back but then backs away . Nicholas pursues her even more , which causes both of them to fall into a fountain . Queen Clarisse finally tells Mia that her behavior with Nicholas needs to stop .","sentences":["For a ceremony , Mia is to ride sidesaddle , but is inexperienced .","Queen Clarisse provides an ancestral wooden leg decoy to make it look like she 's riding sidesaddle .","Mabrey spooks Mia 's horse with a rubber snake , and Joe rushes to aid Mia , but accidentally tears off the wooden leg .","Humiliated , Mia flees to the stables , where Nicholas fails to comfort her .","At a garden party , Mia and Nicholas quarrel about Mia 's relationship with Andrew ; Nicholas tricks Mia into admitting she does n't love Andrew .","Frustrated , she argues , but instead gets bombarded by a kiss .","At first , she kisses him back but then backs away .","Nicholas pursues her even more , which causes both of them to fall into a fountain .","Queen Clarisse finally tells Mia that her behavior with Nicholas needs to stop ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3898708247179386086","input":"what channel is coronation street on in australia","passages":[{"title":"Screening of soap operas in Australia","text":"7TWO formerly broadcast Shortland Street at 5.00 pm weekdays , and repeated the following morning at 9 : 30 am . Episodes were almost three years behind current New Zealand episodes . As of August 2015 , 7TWO no longer broadcasts Shortland Street . The show first aired in Australia on SBS TV between 1994 -- 1995 . It then aired on BBC UKTV from 1997 until 2000 . Shortland Street also aired on ABC1 between 2010 -- 2011 , weekdays at 4 : 30 am .","sentences":["7TWO formerly broadcast Shortland Street at 5.00 pm weekdays , and repeated the following morning at 9 : 30 am .","Episodes were almost three years behind current New Zealand episodes .","As of August 2015 , 7TWO no longer broadcasts Shortland Street .","The show first aired in Australia on SBS TV between 1994 -- 1995 .","It then aired on BBC UKTV from 1997 until 2000 .","Shortland Street also aired on ABC1 between 2010 -- 2011 , weekdays at 4 : 30 am ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7888318574736546339","input":"list the 3 steps required to process a pre-mrna into a mature mrna in eukaryotes","passages":[{"title":"Precursor mRNA","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( November 2007 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Pre-mRNA","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( November 2007 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Pre-mRNA"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7278072527876203468","input":"how did the agricultural revolution allow for the industrial revolution to occur","passages":[{"title":"Mechanised agriculture","text":"According to a 1977 report by the California Agrarian Action Project , during the summer of 1976 in California , many harvest machines had been equipped with a photo - electric scanner that sorted out green tomatoes among the ripe red ones using infrared lights and colour sensors . It worked in lieu of 5,000 hand harvesters causing displacement of innumerable farm labourers as well as wage cuts and shorter work periods . Migrant workers were hit the hardest . To withstand the rigour of the machines , new crop varieties were bred to match the automated pickers . UC Davis Professor G.C. Hanna propagated a thick - skinned tomato called VF - 145 . But even still , millions were damaged with impact cracks and university breeders produced a more tougher and juiceless `` square round '' tomato . Small farms were of insufficient size to obtain financing to purchase the equipment and within 10 years , 85 % of the state 's 4,000 cannery tomato farmers were out of the business . This led to a concentrated tomato industry in California that `` now packed 85 % of the nation 's tomato products '' . The monoculture fields fostered rapid pest growth , requiring the use of `` more than four million pounds of pesticides each year '' which greatly affected the health of the soil , the farm workers , and possibly the consumers .","sentences":["According to a 1977 report by the California Agrarian Action Project , during the summer of 1976 in California , many harvest machines had been equipped with a photo - electric scanner that sorted out green tomatoes among the ripe red ones using infrared lights and colour sensors .","It worked in lieu of 5,000 hand harvesters causing displacement of innumerable farm labourers as well as wage cuts and shorter work periods .","Migrant workers were hit the hardest .","To withstand the rigour of the machines , new crop varieties were bred to match the automated pickers .","UC Davis Professor G.C. Hanna propagated a thick - skinned tomato called VF - 145 .","But even still , millions were damaged with impact cracks and university breeders produced a more tougher and juiceless `` square round '' tomato .","Small farms were of insufficient size to obtain financing to purchase the equipment and within 10 years , 85 % of the state 's 4,000 cannery tomato","farmers were out of the business .","This led to a concentrated tomato industry in California that `` now packed 85 % of the nation 's tomato products '' .","The monoculture fields fostered rapid pest growth , requiring the use of `` more than four million pounds of pesticides each year '' which greatly affected the health of the soil , the farm workers , and possibly the consumers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7688808815114194158","input":"where does chick fil a get their chicken 2017","passages":[{"title":"Chick-fil-A","text":"In June and July 2012 , Chick - fil - A 's chief operating officer Dan T. Cathy made several public statements about same - sex marriage , saying that those who `` have the audacity to define what marriage is about '' were `` inviting God 's judgment on our nation '' . Several prominent politicians expressed disapproval . Boston Mayor Thomas Menino and Chicago Alderman Proco `` Joe '' Moreno said they hoped to block franchise expansion into their areas . The proposed bans drew criticism from liberal pundits , legal experts , and the American Civil Liberties Union . The Jim Henson Company , which had a Pajanimals kids ' meal toy licensing arrangement with Chick - fil - A , said it would cease its business relationship , and donate the payment to the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation . Chick - fil - A stopped distributing the toys , claiming that unrelated safety concerns that had arisen prior to the controversy . Chick - fil - A released a statement on July 31 , 2012 , saying , `` We are a restaurant company focused on food , service , and hospitality ; our intent is to leave the policy debate over same - sex marriage to the government and political arena . '' Response","sentences":["In June and July 2012 , Chick - fil - A 's chief operating officer Dan T. Cathy made several public statements about same - sex marriage , saying that those who `` have the audacity to define what marriage is about '' were `` inviting God 's judgment on our nation '' .","Several prominent politicians expressed disapproval .","Boston Mayor Thomas Menino and Chicago Alderman Proco `` Joe '' Moreno said they hoped to block franchise expansion into their areas .","The proposed bans drew criticism from liberal pundits , legal experts , and the American Civil Liberties Union .","The Jim Henson Company , which had a Pajanimals kids ' meal toy licensing arrangement with Chick - fil - A , said it would cease its business relationship , and donate the payment to the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation .","Chick - fil - A stopped distributing the toys , claiming that unrelated safety concerns that had arisen prior to the controversy .","Chick - fil - A released a statement on July 31 , 2012 , saying , `` We are a restaurant company focused on food , service , and hospitality ; our intent is to leave the policy debate over same - sex marriage to the government and political arena . ''","Response"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6919316285610628574","input":"who plays the geologist on big bang theory","passages":[{"title":"Brian Posehn","text":"Deadpool : Volume 1 : Dead Presidents ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 3 # 1 - 6 , 154 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , May 2013 ) Volume 2 : Soul Hunter ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 3 # 7 - 12 , 137 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , August 2013 ) Volume 3 : The Good , the Bad and the Ugly ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 3 # 13 - 19 , 160 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , January 2014 ) Volume 4 : Deadpool vs. S.H.I.E.L.D. ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 3 # 20 - 25 , 136 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , June 2014 ) Volume 5 : The Wedding of Deadpool ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 3 # 26 - 28 and Deadpool Annual # 1 , 168 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , August 2014 ) Volume 6 : Original Sin ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 3 # 29 - 34 , 144 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , December 2014 ) Volume 7 : Axis ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 3 # 35 - 40 , 136 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , March 2015 ) Volume 8 : All Good Things ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 3 # 41 - 44 , # 250 , 176 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , June 2015 ) Dracula 's Gauntlet ( collects Deadpool : Dracula 's Gauntlet ( Marvel Now ! ) vol. 1 # 1 - 7 , 200 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , November 2014 )","sentences":["Deadpool : Volume 1 : Dead Presidents ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","3 # 1 - 6 , 154 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , May 2013 )","Volume 2 : Soul Hunter ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","3 # 7 - 12 , 137 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , August 2013 )","Volume 3 : The Good , the Bad and the Ugly ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","3 # 13 - 19 , 160 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , January 2014 )","Volume 4 : Deadpool vs. S.H.I.E.L.D. ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","3 # 20 - 25 , 136 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , June 2014 )","Volume 5 : The Wedding of Deadpool ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","3 # 26 - 28 and Deadpool Annual # 1 , 168 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , August 2014 )","Volume 6 : Original Sin ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","3 # 29 - 34 , 144 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , December 2014 )","Volume 7 : Axis ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","3 # 35 - 40 , 136 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , March 2015 )","Volume 8 : All Good Things ( collects Deadpool ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","3 # 41 - 44 , # 250 , 176 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , June 2015 )","Dracula 's Gauntlet ( collects Deadpool : Dracula 's Gauntlet ( Marvel Now ! )","vol.","1 # 1 - 7 , 200 pages , Marvel Comics , softcover , November 2014 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9218487385803704938","input":"how can the social development of a country help to improve its economic development","passages":[{"title":"Social development theory","text":"The physical stage is characterized by the domination of the physical element of the human personality . During this phase , society is preoccupied with bare survival and subsistence . People follow tradition strictly and there is little innovation and change . Land is the main asset and productive resource during the physical stage and wealth is measured by the size of land holdings . This is the agrarian and feudal phase of society . Inherited wealth and position rule the roost and there is very little upward mobility . Feudal lords and military chiefs function as the leaders of the society . Commerce and money play a relatively minor role . As innovative thinking and experimental approaches are discouraged , people follow tradition unwaveringly and show little inclination to think outside of established guidelines . Occupational skills are passed down from parent to child by a long process of apprenticeship .","sentences":["The physical stage is characterized by the domination of the physical element of the human personality .","During this phase , society is preoccupied with bare survival and subsistence .","People follow tradition strictly and there is little innovation and change .","Land is the main asset and productive resource during the physical stage and wealth is measured by the size of land holdings .","This is the agrarian and feudal phase of society .","Inherited wealth and position rule the roost and there is very little upward mobility .","Feudal lords and military chiefs function as the leaders of the society .","Commerce and money play a relatively minor role .","As innovative thinking and experimental approaches are discouraged , people follow tradition unwaveringly and show little inclination to think outside of established guidelines .","Occupational skills are passed down from parent to child by a long process of apprenticeship ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8144823000137042450","input":"in 1860 which political party was the supporter of states rights quizlet","passages":[{"title":"Confederate States of America","text":"Most large denominations experienced a North -- South split in the prewar era on the issue of slavery . The creation of a new country necessitated independent structures . For example , the Presbyterian Church in the United States split , with much of the new leadership provided by Joseph Ruggles Wilson ( father of President Woodrow Wilson ) . In 1861 , he organized the meeting that formed General Assembly of the Southern Presbyterian Church and served as its chief executive for thirty - seven years . Baptists and Methodists both broke off from their Northern coreligionists over the slavery issue , forming the Southern Baptist Convention and the Methodist Episcopal Church , South , respectively . Elites in the southeast favored the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Confederate States of America , which reluctantly split off the Episcopal Church ( USA ) in 1861 . Other elites were Presbyterians belonging to the 1861 - founded Presbyterian Church in the United States . Catholics included an Irish working class element in coastal cities and an old French element in southern Louisiana . Other insignificant and scattered religious populations included Lutherans , the Holiness movement , other Reformed , other Christian fundamentalists , the Stone - Campbell Restoration Movement , the Churches of Christ , the Latter - day Saints movement , Adventists , Muslims , Jews , Native American animists , deists and irreligious people .","sentences":["Most large denominations experienced a North -- South split in the prewar era on the issue of slavery .","The creation of a new country necessitated independent structures .","For example , the Presbyterian Church in the United States split , with much of the new leadership provided by Joseph Ruggles Wilson ( father of President Woodrow Wilson ) .","In 1861 , he organized the meeting that formed General Assembly of the Southern Presbyterian Church and served as its chief executive for thirty - seven years .","Baptists and Methodists both broke off from their Northern coreligionists over the slavery issue , forming the Southern Baptist Convention and the Methodist Episcopal Church , South , respectively .","Elites in the southeast favored the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Confederate States of America , which reluctantly split off the Episcopal Church ( USA ) in 1861 .","Other elites were Presbyterians belonging to the 1861 - founded Presbyterian Church in the United States .","Catholics included an Irish working class element in coastal cities and an old French element in southern Louisiana .","Other insignificant and scattered religious populations included Lutherans , the Holiness movement , other Reformed , other Christian fundamentalists , the Stone - Campbell Restoration Movement , the Churches of Christ , the Latter - day Saints movement , Adventists , Muslims , Jews , Native American animists , deists and irreligious people ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3194466665482239053","input":"who bought stocks in standard oil as prices continued to fall","passages":[{"title":"Standard Oil","text":"In 1904 , Standard controlled 91 percent of production and 85 percent of final sales . Most of its output was kerosene , of which 55 percent was exported around the world . After 1900 it did not try to force competitors out of business by underpricing them . The federal Commissioner of Corporations studied Standard 's operations from the period of 1904 to 1906 and concluded that `` beyond question ... the dominant position of the Standard Oil Co. in the refining industry was due to unfair practices -- to abuse of the control of pipe - lines , to railroad discriminations , and to unfair methods of competition in the sale of the refined petroleum products '' . Due to competition from other firms , their market share had gradually eroded to 70 percent by 1906 which was the year when the antitrust case was filed against Standard , and down to 64 percent by 1911 when Standard was ordered broken up and at least 147 refining companies were competing with Standard including Gulf , Texaco , and Shell . It did not try to monopolize the exploration and pumping of oil ( its share in 1911 was 11 percent ) .","sentences":["In 1904 , Standard controlled 91 percent of production and 85 percent of final sales .","Most of its output was kerosene , of which 55 percent was exported around the world .","After 1900 it did not try to force competitors out of business by underpricing them .","The federal Commissioner of Corporations studied Standard 's operations from the period of 1904 to 1906 and concluded that `` beyond question ... the dominant position of the Standard Oil Co. in the refining industry was due to unfair practices -- to abuse of the control of pipe - lines , to railroad discriminations , and to unfair methods of competition in the sale of the refined petroleum products '' .","Due to competition from other firms , their market share had gradually eroded to 70 percent by 1906 which was the year when the antitrust case was filed against Standard , and down to 64 percent by 1911 when Standard was ordered broken up and at least 147 refining companies were competing with Standard including Gulf , Texaco , and Shell .","It did not try to monopolize the exploration and pumping of oil ( its share in 1911 was 11 percent ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-311779361934408767","input":"short note on causes of separation of east pakistan","passages":[{"title":"East Pakistan","text":"Sheikh Mujibur Rahman made a declaration of independence at Dacca on 26 March 1971 . All major Awami League leaders including elected leaders of National Assembly and Provincial Assembly fled to neighbouring India and an exile government was formed headed by Mujibur Rahman . While he was in Pakistan Prison , Syed Nazrul Islam was the acting president with Tazuddin Ahmed as the prime minister . The exile government took oath on 17 April 1971 at Mujib Nagar , within East Pakistan territory of Kustia district and formally formed the government . Colonel MOG Osmani was appointed the Commander in Chief of Liberation Forces and whole East Pakistan was divided into eleven sectors headed by eleven sector commanders . All sector commanders were Bengali officers who had defected from the Pakistan Army . This started the Bangladesh Liberation War in which the freedom fighters , joined in December 1971 by 400,000 Indian soldiers , faced the Pakistani Armed Forces of 365,000 plus Paramilitary and collaborationist forces . An additional approximately 25,000 ill - equipped civilian volunteers and police forces also sided with the Pakistan Armed Forces . Bloody guerrilla warfare ensued in East Pakistan .","sentences":["Sheikh Mujibur Rahman made a declaration of independence at Dacca on 26 March 1971 .","All major Awami League leaders including elected leaders of National Assembly and Provincial Assembly fled to neighbouring India and an exile government was formed headed by Mujibur Rahman .","While he was in Pakistan Prison , Syed Nazrul Islam was the acting president with Tazuddin Ahmed as the prime minister .","The exile government took oath on 17 April 1971 at Mujib Nagar , within East Pakistan territory of Kustia district and formally formed the government .","Colonel MOG Osmani was appointed the Commander in Chief of Liberation Forces and whole East Pakistan was divided into eleven sectors headed by eleven sector commanders .","All sector commanders were Bengali officers who had defected from the Pakistan Army .","This started the Bangladesh Liberation War in which the freedom fighters , joined in December 1971 by 400,000 Indian soldiers , faced the Pakistani Armed Forces of 365,000 plus Paramilitary and collaborationist forces .","An additional approximately 25,000 ill - equipped civilian volunteers and police forces also sided with the Pakistan Armed Forces .","Bloody guerrilla warfare ensued in East Pakistan ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-277926413189007278","input":"where did the carolina lords proprietors recruit colonies","passages":[{"title":"Lords Proprietor","text":"Albemarle : in trust for Henry Somerset , 3rd Duke of Beaufort and his brother , then Lord Charles Somerset Clarendon : James Bertie ( 1674 -- 1735 ) Berkeley : Joseph Blake of the province of South Carolina Craven : William Craven , 3rd Baron Craven ( 1700 -- 1739 ) Carteret : John Carteret , Baron Carteret ( 1690 -- 1763 ) , governor of the kingdom of Ireland , who retained his interest * William Berkeley : Henry Bertie ( 1675 -- 1735 ) and Mary Danson , widow , of St Andrews Holborn , and Elizabeth Moor , widow , of London Colleton : Sir John Colleton of Exmouth , Devon Shaftesbury : \u2020 in trust for John Cotton of East Barnet , Middlesex \u2020 Some of these 1729 interests had been acquired not by inheritance but by purchase . * The Carteret interest continued until Independence when the Crown paid compensation for the Carteret loss .","sentences":["Albemarle : in trust for Henry Somerset , 3rd Duke of Beaufort and his brother , then Lord Charles Somerset Clarendon : James Bertie ( 1674 -- 1735 ) Berkeley :","Joseph Blake of the province of South Carolina Craven : William Craven , 3rd Baron Craven ( 1700 -- 1739 )","Carteret : John Carteret , Baron Carteret ( 1690 -- 1763 ) , governor of the kingdom of Ireland , who retained his interest *","William Berkeley :","Henry Bertie ( 1675 -- 1735 ) and Mary Danson , widow , of St Andrews Holborn , and Elizabeth Moor , widow , of London Colleton :","Sir John Colleton of Exmouth , Devon Shaftesbury : \u2020 in trust for John Cotton of East Barnet , Middlesex \u2020","Some of these 1729 interests had been acquired not by inheritance but by purchase .","*","The Carteret interest continued until Independence when the Crown paid compensation for the Carteret loss ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4888285660245798751","input":"the standard of care generally used in cases of negligence is the","passages":[{"title":"Standard of care","text":"Four elements are deemed necessary for a statute to apply in a negligence case . First the person harmed must be a member of the class of persons which the law was intended to protect . Second , the danger or harm must be one that the law was intended to prevent . Thirdly , there must be some causal relationship established between the breach of the statute and the harm caused . Fourthly , the criminal statute must be concrete , specific and measurable enough to clearly establish a standard of breach . Courts are reluctant to create new torts out of criminal statutes . ( See Restatement ( Second ) of Torts , sections 297 , 288 . )","sentences":["Four elements are deemed necessary for a statute to apply in a negligence case .","First the person harmed must be a member of the class of persons which the law was intended to protect .","Second , the danger or harm must be one that the law was intended to prevent .","Thirdly , there must be some causal relationship established between the breach of the statute and the harm caused .","Fourthly , the criminal statute must be concrete , specific and measurable enough to clearly establish a standard of breach .","Courts are reluctant to create new torts out of criminal statutes .","( See Restatement ( Second ) of Torts , sections 297 , 288 . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7611551276596942381","input":"when is keeping up with the kardashian's on","passages":[{"title":"Keeping Up with the Kardashians","text":"Khlo\u00e9 married basketball player Lamar Odom during a fourth - season premiere aired in 2009 . He later had a major role as part of the supporting cast of the series , though he did not appear regularly during the following seasons as he was attempting to repair his marriage with Khlo\u00e9 . Kim 's current husband Kanye West made his first appearance on Keeping Up with the Kardashians in July 2012 during the seventh season when he started dating Kim . However , West was seldom seen in subsequent seasons . He explained the reasons for not appearing on the show later : `` You know , the amount of backlash I got from it is when I decided to not be on the show anymore . And it 's not that I have an issue with the show ; I just have an issue with the amount of backlash that I get . '' He also criticized the show for its cinematography and further complained about the way how the show is filmed . In the eighth season , Caitlyn Jenner 's sons Brandon and Brody Jenner , as well as Brandon 's wife Leah , joined the cast for regular appearances .","sentences":["Khlo\u00e9 married basketball player Lamar Odom during a fourth - season premiere aired in 2009 .","He later had a major role as part of the supporting cast of the series , though he did not appear regularly during the following seasons as he was attempting to repair his marriage with Khlo\u00e9 .","Kim 's current husband Kanye West made his first appearance on Keeping Up with the Kardashians in July 2012 during the seventh season when he started dating Kim .","However , West was seldom seen in subsequent seasons .","He explained the reasons for not appearing on the show later : `` You know , the amount of backlash I got from it is when I decided to not be on the show anymore .","And it 's not that I have an issue with the show ; I just have an issue with the amount of backlash that I get . ''","He also criticized the show for its cinematography and further complained about the way how the show is filmed .","In the eighth season , Caitlyn Jenner 's sons Brandon and Brody Jenner , as well as Brandon 's wife Leah , joined the cast for regular appearances ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8010174112400616328","input":"when does the ncaa basketball schedule come out","passages":[{"title":"2017\u201318 NCAA Division I men's basketball season","text":"2017 -- 18 Big South men 's basketball standings Conf Overall Team PCT PCT Winthrop -- 0 1.000 7 -- 5 . 583 Radford -- 0 1.000 8 -- 6 . 571 UNC Asheville -- 0 1.000 8 -- 6 . 571 Charleston Southern -- 0 1.000 6 -- 6 . 500 Gardner -- Webb -- 0 1.000 6 -- 8 . 429 Liberty 0 -- . 000 9 -- 5 . 643 Presbyterian 0 -- . 000 7 -- 7 . 500 Campbell 0 -- . 000 6 -- 7 . 462 High Point 0 -- . 000 5 -- 7 . 417 Longwood 0 -- . 000 -- 11 . 214 \u2020 2018 Big South Tournament winner As of January 1 , 2018 ;","sentences":["2017 -- 18 Big South men 's basketball standings Conf Overall Team PCT PCT Winthrop -- 0 1.000 7 -- 5 .","583 Radford -- 0 1.000 8 -- 6 .","571 UNC Asheville -- 0 1.000 8 -- 6 .","571 Charleston Southern -- 0 1.000 6 -- 6 .","500 Gardner -- Webb -- 0 1.000 6 -- 8 .","429 Liberty 0 -- .","000 9 -- 5 .","643 Presbyterian 0 -- .","000 7 -- 7 .","500","Campbell 0 -- .","000 6 -- 7 .","462 High Point 0 -- .","000 5 -- 7 .","417 Longwood 0 -- . 000 -- 11 .","214 \u2020 2018 Big South Tournament winner As of January 1 , 2018 ;"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6661172060452965587","input":"what is 3 phase and 2 phase power","passages":[{"title":"Three-phase electric power","text":"V LL = 3 V LN . ( \\ displaystyle V_ ( \\ text ( LL ) ) = ( \\ sqrt ( 3 ) ) V_ ( \\ text ( LN ) ) . )","sentences":["V LL = 3 V LN .","( \\ displaystyle V_","( \\ text ( LL ) )","= ( \\ sqrt ( 3 ) )","V_","( \\ text ( LN ) ) . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2599925572170514263","input":"where did the 7 dwarfs get their names","passages":[{"title":"Seven Dwarfs","text":"Grumpy ( played by Lee Arenberg ) is one of eight Dwarf brothers who hatched from their eggs at the same time . Like all dwarfs , he is immediately sent to work in the mines and is given an ax , which names him Dreamy . Because his egg was accidentally sprinkled with fairy dust by the fairy Nova , he dreams about her and falls in love with her . Later , he meets her and the pair make plans to buy a boat and see the world . However , the Blue Fairy tells him that if he and Nova run away together , she will lose her wings and she will never be truly happy . To prevent this , Dreamy ends their relationship and breaks her heart . He returns to the mines the next day and breaks his ax mining ; when he is given another , it renames him Grumpy . He is later caught possessing a stolen diamond , which he did not know was stolen , and is seen in King George 's dungeon in a cell next to Snow White 's . He is freed by Stealthy , one of his brothers , and he in turn frees Snow . As he and Stealthy escape , they are discovered by George and his guards and Stealthy is killed . Before the guards can kill Grumpy , Snow goes with George in exchange for Grumpy 's life . Grumpy and the remaining six dwarfs run into Snow outside the castle . Grumpy tells her that she must live with the pain of a lost love to grow as a person and does not allow her to drink a potion that makes her forget about her love for Prince James . The seven dwarfs then allow her to live with them . Later , Grumpy goes to tell her that James called off his wedding , but he discovers that she drank the potion . He and his brothers try to confront Snow about her new , mean - spirited behavior , but they drive her to try and kill the Evil Queen instead . He takes her to see Rumplestiltskin , who gave her the potion , but he advises her on the best way to kill the Queen instead . Eventually , Snow regains her memory and apologizes to the dwarfs for her behavior . She decides to rescue James , who was captured by George , and Grumpy and his brothers go with her . Grumpy is later seen discussing the best course of action against the Evil Queen and her curse , calling for war . He is also seen as a guard looking out for the curse in a watchtower of Snow 's and James 's castle . In Storybrooke , he is Leroy , a janitor at the hospital and the `` town drunk . '' He , like the rest of Storybrooke , is hostile toward Mary Margaret , who is Snow White , after learning about her affair with David Nolan , who is Prince James . He meets Sister Astrid , who is Nova , and decides to help Mary Margaret sell candles for the nunnery and raise money for the nunnery 's rent so that he can be near Astrid . When he and Mary Margaret fail to sell enough candles , he lies about the number they sold because he is unable to disappoint Astrid . He tries to sell his boat to Mr. Gold in the hopes that he will forgive the rent . Mr. Gold refuses . Astrid later learns about the candles and is upset that he lied . That night , Leroy causes a blackout , forcing the residents to buy candles . The candles sell out and the nunnery is able to pay its rent . Leroy then offers the grateful Astrid the opportunity to be the first passenger on his boat . Leroy 's memories as Grumpy are restored when the curse is broken , and he hugs Snow when he next sees her . He wishes for Regina to be killed by the mob led by Dr. Whale , though he decides against it at Snow 's insistence . He unites the Dwarfs together and they begin to mine for fairy dust again .","sentences":["Grumpy ( played by Lee Arenberg ) is one of eight Dwarf brothers who hatched from their eggs at the same time .","Like all dwarfs , he is immediately sent to work in the mines and is given an ax , which names him Dreamy .","Because his egg was accidentally sprinkled with fairy dust by the fairy Nova , he dreams about her and falls in love with her .","Later , he meets her and the pair make plans to buy a boat and see the world .","However , the Blue Fairy tells him that if he and Nova run away together , she will lose her wings and she will never be truly happy .","To prevent this , Dreamy ends their relationship and breaks her heart .","He returns to the mines the next day and breaks his ax mining ; when he is given another , it renames him Grumpy .","He is later caught possessing a stolen diamond , which he did not know was stolen , and is seen in King George 's dungeon in a cell next to Snow White 's .","He is freed by Stealthy , one of his brothers , and he in turn frees Snow .","As he and Stealthy escape , they are discovered by George and his guards and Stealthy is killed .","Before the guards can kill Grumpy , Snow goes with George in exchange for Grumpy 's life .","Grumpy and the remaining six dwarfs run into Snow outside the castle .","Grumpy tells her that she must live with the pain of a lost love to grow as a person and does not allow her to drink a potion that makes her forget about her love for Prince James .","The seven dwarfs then allow her to live with them .","Later , Grumpy goes to tell her that James called off his wedding , but he discovers that she drank the potion .","He and his brothers try to confront Snow about her new , mean - spirited behavior , but they drive her to try and kill the Evil Queen instead .","He takes her to see Rumplestiltskin , who gave her the potion , but he advises her on the best way to kill the Queen instead .","Eventually , Snow regains her memory and apologizes to the dwarfs for her behavior .","She decides to rescue James , who was captured by George , and Grumpy and his brothers go with her .","Grumpy is later seen discussing the best course of action against the Evil Queen and her curse , calling for war .","He is also seen as a guard looking out for the curse in a watchtower of Snow 's and James 's castle .","In Storybrooke , he is Leroy , a janitor at the hospital and the `` town drunk . ''","He , like the rest of Storybrooke , is hostile toward Mary Margaret , who is Snow White , after learning about her affair with David Nolan , who is Prince James .","He meets Sister Astrid , who is Nova , and decides to help Mary Margaret sell candles for the nunnery and raise money for the nunnery 's rent so that he can be near Astrid .","When he and Mary Margaret fail to sell enough candles , he lies about the number they sold because he is unable to disappoint Astrid .","He tries to sell his boat to Mr. Gold in the hopes that he will forgive the rent .","Mr. Gold refuses .","Astrid later learns about the candles and is upset that he lied .","That night , Leroy causes a blackout , forcing the residents to buy candles .","The candles sell out and the nunnery is able to pay its rent .","Leroy then offers the grateful Astrid the opportunity to be the first passenger on his boat .","Leroy 's memories as Grumpy are restored when the curse is broken , and he hugs Snow when he next sees her .","He wishes for Regina to be killed by the mob led by Dr. Whale , though he decides against it at Snow 's insistence .","He unites the Dwarfs together and they begin to mine for fairy dust again ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4802843347491409421","input":"when was the old city of jerusalem built","passages":[{"title":"Old City (Jerusalem)","text":"In 1099 , Jerusalem was captured by the Western Christian army of the First Crusade and it remained in their hands until recaptured by the Arab Muslims , led by Saladin , on October 2 , 1187 . He summoned the Jews and permitted them to resettle in the city . In 1219 , the walls of the city were razed by Mu'azzim Sultan of Damascus ; in 1229 , by treaty with Egypt , Jerusalem came into the hands of Frederick II of Germany . In 1239 he began to rebuild the walls , but they were demolished again by Da'ud , the emir of Kerak . In 1243 , Jerusalem came again under the control of the Christians , and the walls were repaired . The Kharezmian Tatars took the city in 1244 and Sultan Malik al - Muazzam razed the walls , rendering it again defenseless and dealing a heavy blow to the city 's status . Suleiman","sentences":["In 1099 , Jerusalem was captured by the Western Christian army of the First Crusade and it remained in their hands until recaptured by the Arab Muslims , led by Saladin , on October 2 , 1187 .","He summoned the Jews and permitted them to resettle in the city .","In 1219 , the walls of the city were razed by Mu'azzim Sultan of Damascus ; in 1229 , by treaty with Egypt , Jerusalem came into the hands of Frederick II of Germany .","In 1239 he began to rebuild the walls , but they were demolished again by Da'ud , the emir of Kerak .","In 1243 , Jerusalem came again under the control of the Christians , and the walls were repaired .","The Kharezmian Tatars took the city in 1244 and Sultan Malik al - Muazzam razed the walls , rendering it again defenseless and dealing a heavy blow to the city 's status .","Suleiman"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"411494472585711680","input":"how to calculate percentage of marks of 10th class kerala state board","passages":[{"title":"Kerala State Education Board","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( April 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia . Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text . ( January 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( April 2011 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia .","Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text .","( January 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5881565610984665157","input":"who played beth father in when in rome","passages":[{"title":"Saffron Burrows","text":"Mike Figgis ' ensemble feature Hotel followed , re-uniting Burrows with some colleagues from Timecode , including Salma Hayek and Danny Huston in Venice , where she played the Duchess of Malfi . In 2002 , she had a cameo role in Hayek 's produced biopic Frida . After that , she dedicated herself to stage work . She was directed by Deborah Warner at the Royal National Theatre in Jeanette Winterson 's The Powerbook . The play then toured , visiting the Theatre National Du Chaillot , Paris , and the Teatro Argentina , Rome . Burrows performed in Spanish in The Galindez File , a film written by Basque novelist Vazquez Montalban about a woman seeking the truth about the `` disappearance '' of a critic of the Dominican dictator Trujillo .","sentences":["Mike Figgis ' ensemble feature Hotel followed , re-uniting Burrows with some colleagues from Timecode , including Salma Hayek and Danny Huston in Venice , where she played the Duchess of Malfi .","In 2002 , she had a cameo role in Hayek 's produced biopic Frida .","After that , she dedicated herself to stage work .","She was directed by Deborah Warner at the Royal National Theatre in Jeanette Winterson 's The Powerbook .","The play then toured , visiting the Theatre National Du Chaillot , Paris , and the Teatro Argentina , Rome .","Burrows performed in Spanish in The Galindez File , a film written by Basque novelist Vazquez Montalban about a woman seeking the truth about the `` disappearance '' of a critic of the Dominican dictator Trujillo ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6102607538111689617","input":"when does lucifer season 2 start in uk","passages":[{"title":"List of Lucifer episodes","text":"Lucifer 's mother is shown awakening in her new body in pain , finding a screwdriver lodged in her neck . She explains her story to Lucifer and they return to the hotel room that she last remembers being in , finding two murdered bodies . Lucifer is convinced his mother committed the crimes and gets Chloe and Dan to investigate . Lucifer later learns that the body his mother occupies is that of Charlotte Richards , a law firm 's managing partner who had been having an affair with the man she recently promoted to senior partner . Cocaine is also found hidden in Charlotte 's home , giving the team more suspects . The investigation ultimately shows that Charlotte was a victim and Charlotte was not the murderer . With the crime solved , Lucifer chastises Charlotte for abandoning him when he was banished to Hell . She replies that God initially wanted to end Lucifer 's existence , but she convinced God to send him to Hell instead . Lucifer seems to accept the explanation and walks away , after which Charlotte looks to the sky with a sly grin .","sentences":["Lucifer 's mother is shown awakening in her new body in pain , finding a screwdriver lodged in her neck .","She explains her story to Lucifer and they return to the hotel room that she last remembers being in , finding two murdered bodies .","Lucifer is convinced his mother committed the crimes and gets Chloe and Dan to investigate .","Lucifer later learns that the body his mother occupies is that of Charlotte Richards , a law firm 's managing partner who had been having an affair with the man she recently promoted to senior partner .","Cocaine is also found hidden in Charlotte 's home , giving the team more suspects .","The investigation ultimately shows that Charlotte was a victim and Charlotte was not the murderer .","With the crime solved , Lucifer chastises Charlotte for abandoning him when he was banished to Hell .","She replies that God initially wanted to end Lucifer 's existence , but she convinced God to send him to Hell instead .","Lucifer seems to accept the explanation and walks away , after which Charlotte looks to the sky with a sly grin ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2288883466679994077","input":"who made up the day of the dead","passages":[{"title":"Calavera","text":"Other calaveras are produced to be edible . Most are cast as one piece from cane sugar ( which can either be left unflavored or flavored with vanilla ) . Other calaveras may be made from chocolate . The calaveras are typically colored with vegetable dyes . Like the more decorative calaveras , these will sometimes have names written on the foreheads as well . Calaveras may be eaten , or kept for a few days and then thrown away .","sentences":["Other calaveras are produced to be edible .","Most are cast as one piece from cane sugar ( which can either be left unflavored or flavored with vanilla ) .","Other calaveras may be made from chocolate .","The calaveras are typically colored with vegetable dyes .","Like the more decorative calaveras , these will sometimes have names written on the foreheads as well .","Calaveras may be eaten , or kept for a few days and then thrown away ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6556558481081709330","input":"what is the difference between nagar palika & nagar nigam","passages":[{"title":"Nagar Palika","text":"Republic of India This article is part of a series on the politics and government of India Union Government ( show ) Constitution of India Fundamental rights Executive : President Vice President Prime Minister Union Council of Ministers Cabinet Secretary of India Civil Services of India Parliament : Rajya Sabha Lok Sabha The Chairman The Speaker Judiciary : Supreme Court of India Chief Justice of India High Courts District Courts Elections ( show ) Election Commission : Chief Election Commissioner Political parties ( show ) National parties State parties National coalitions : National Democratic Alliance ( NDA ) United Progressive Alliance ( UPA ) State Govt. and Local Govt. ( show ) Governor Chief Minister Chief Secretary State Level : Vidhan Sabha Vidhan Parishad Local Governments : Divisional Commissioner District Magistrate Sub-Divisional Magistrate Rural Bodies Zilla panchayats Mandal Or Taluka Panchayats Gram Panchayats Urban Bodies Municipal Corporations Municipal councils Nagar Panchayats Other countries Atlas","sentences":["Republic of India This article is part of a series on the politics and government of India Union Government ( show ) Constitution of India Fundamental rights Executive :","President Vice President Prime Minister Union Council of Ministers Cabinet Secretary of India Civil Services of India Parliament : Rajya Sabha Lok Sabha The Chairman","The Speaker Judiciary : Supreme Court of India Chief Justice of India High Courts District Courts Elections ( show )","Election Commission : Chief Election Commissioner Political parties ( show )","National parties State parties National coalitions : National Democratic Alliance ( NDA )","United Progressive Alliance ( UPA ) State Govt.","and Local Govt.","( show )","Governor Chief Minister Chief Secretary State Level : Vidhan Sabha Vidhan Parishad Local Governments : Divisional Commissioner District Magistrate Sub-Divisional Magistrate Rural Bodies Zilla panchayats Mandal Or Taluka Panchayats Gram Panchayats Urban Bodies Municipal Corporations Municipal councils Nagar Panchayats Other countries Atlas"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4472490176630163133","input":"how many matches has ronaldo played in his career","passages":[{"title":"Cristiano Ronaldo","text":"Concurrently with his individual achievements , Ronaldo enjoyed his greatest team success in Spain to date , as he helped Real Madrid win La D\u00e9cima , their tenth European Cup . In the knockout phase of the competition , he scored a brace in each leg of a 9 -- 2 aggregate win against Schalke 04 , helping Madrid advance to the quarter - finals . His goal in a 3 -- 0 home win over Borussia Dortmund -- his 100th Champions League match -- took his total for the season to 14 goals , equalling the record Messi had set two years before . After hitting a brace in a 4 -- 0 defeat of Bayern Munich at the Allianz Arena , he scored from the penalty spot in the 120th minute of the 4 -- 1 final victory over Atl\u00e9tico Madrid , becoming the first player to score in two European Cup finals for two different winning teams . His overall performance in the final was subdued as a result of patellar tendinitis and related hamstring problems , which had plagued him in the last months of the campaign . Ronaldo played the final against medical advice , later commenting : `` In your life you do not win without sacrifices and you must take risks . '' As the Champions League top goalscorer for the third time , with a record 17 goals , he was named the UEFA Best Player in Europe .","sentences":["Concurrently with his individual achievements , Ronaldo enjoyed his greatest team success in Spain to date , as he helped Real Madrid win La D\u00e9cima , their tenth European Cup .","In the knockout phase of the competition , he scored a brace in each leg of a 9 -- 2 aggregate win against Schalke 04 , helping Madrid advance to the quarter - finals .","His goal in a 3 -- 0 home win over Borussia Dortmund -- his 100th Champions League match -- took his total for the season to 14 goals , equalling the record Messi had set two years before .","After hitting a brace in a 4 -- 0 defeat of Bayern Munich at the Allianz Arena , he scored from the penalty spot in the 120th minute of the 4 -- 1 final victory over Atl\u00e9tico Madrid , becoming the first player to score in two European Cup finals for two different winning teams .","His overall performance in the final was subdued as a result of patellar tendinitis and related hamstring problems , which had plagued him in the last months of the campaign .","Ronaldo played the final against medical advice , later commenting : `` In your life you do not win without sacrifices and you must take risks . ''","As the Champions League top goalscorer for the third time , with a record 17 goals , he was named the UEFA Best Player in Europe ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1682212701622081890","input":"who killed sara in my sister's grave","passages":[{"title":"My Sister's Keeper (novel)","text":"Kate Fitzgerald , a frail teenage girl who was diagnosed with acute leukemia at a young age . She is the older sister of Anna , and the middle child out of all three Fitzgerald siblings . She sometimes finds all the attention on her stifling . One of the few times she experiences being a typical teenaged girl is when she dates , and has her first kiss with , a boy named Taylor , whom she meets at the hospital while undergoing chemotherapy . Taylor also has cancer , and Kate has some of her happiest times with him , as he 's one of the only people with whom she 's been able to fully relate , and to speak her deepest , true , feelings about being sick , with . Kate also supports the feelings of her younger sister , Anna , and is thankful for the bodily donations Anna has been made to give her throughout her lifetime . Near the end of the novel , she is the one revealed to have asked Anna to sue for medical emancipation because she was fed up with her mother 's behavior and wanted to die for years . Anna Fitzgerald , a girl who was scientifically engineered in order to be a `` savior sibling '' to her elder sister , and who therefore repeatedly has to donate blood , marrow , and eventually an organ , to her . She is thirteen years old at the time the novel takes place , and seeks to be medically emancipated from her parents , so that she does not have to donate anything to Kate , namely a kidney , against her will , and would thereon have the rights to her own body . She is the main protagonist of the novel . Jesse Fitzgerald , the oldest child , who is dyslexic . Throughout most of the novel , he is a delinquent teenager , but , in young adulthood , after coming to terms with his inner emotions , he goes on to become a police officer , and is no longer rebellious , or desperate for attention , as he was in his teen years . Sara Fitzgerald , the overprotective and domineering `` helicopter mom '' of Kate , Anna , and Jesse . She tries her hardest to keep her oldest , ill , daughter alive and well , and refuses to accept the idea that she is dying . Before the novel 's end , Sara finally listens to Anna about Kate and comes to terms with her choice to die , expressing remorse for her behavior . She is the one who feels insurmountable guilt over Anna 's death . Brian Fitzgerald , Sara 's husband , who understands Anna 's decision to not donate her kidney , but also feels compassion for his wife . He becomes torn between his daughter ( s ) , and his wife , during Anna 's emancipation trial , but ends up siding with his wife during his testimony in court , regardless of his conflicting feelings . He also shows concern for his son , and is the one to confront him about his troubling behavior . Julia Romano , the court - appointed , guardian ad litem , whose job it is to decide what is best for Anna . She also often advises Anna regarding medical emancipation . She and Anna 's lawyer , Campbell Alexander , dated in young adulthood , before he broke her heart . Campbell Alexander , a lawyer who defends Anna as she tries to become medically emancipated from her parents . He believes that she should have control over her own body , and eventually obtains medical power of attorney over her , when she wins her case . He personally uses a service dog , which others find `` mysterious '' , because he does not tell anyone why ; It is later uncovered that he suffers from epilepsy , and that this diagnosis is the reason he broke up with Julia , as he did not believe she `` deserved '' an unwell mate , that she 'd have to look after . Suzanne , Jesse , Kate and Anna 's wealthy aunt , Brian 's sister - in - law and Sara 's older sister of 10 years whose relationship with her is strained due to her overzealousness in keeping Kate alive . While coming to Sara 's aid occasionally due to her wealth , she is more supportive of Anna in suing for medical emancipation . Judge de Salvo , the presiding judge over Anna 's case in suing for medical emancipation","sentences":["Kate Fitzgerald , a frail teenage girl who was diagnosed with acute leukemia at a young age .","She is the older sister of Anna , and the middle child out of all three Fitzgerald siblings .","She sometimes finds all the attention on her stifling .","One of the few times she experiences being a typical teenaged girl is when she dates , and has her first kiss with , a boy named Taylor , whom she meets at the hospital while undergoing chemotherapy .","Taylor also has cancer , and Kate has some of her happiest times with him , as he 's one of the only people with whom she 's been able to fully relate , and to speak her deepest , true , feelings about being sick , with .","Kate also supports the feelings of her younger sister , Anna , and is thankful for the bodily donations Anna has been made to give her throughout her lifetime .","Near the end of the novel , she is the one revealed to have asked Anna to sue for medical emancipation because she was fed up with her mother 's behavior and wanted to die for years .","Anna Fitzgerald , a girl who was scientifically engineered in order to be a `` savior sibling '' to her elder sister , and who therefore repeatedly has to donate blood , marrow , and eventually an organ , to her .","She is thirteen years old at the time the novel takes place , and seeks to be medically emancipated from her parents , so that she does not have to donate anything to Kate , namely a kidney , against her will , and would thereon have the rights to her own body .","She is the main protagonist of the novel .","Jesse Fitzgerald , the oldest child , who is dyslexic .","Throughout most of the novel , he is a delinquent teenager , but , in young adulthood , after coming to terms with his inner emotions , he goes on to become a police officer , and is no longer rebellious , or desperate for attention , as he was in his teen years .","Sara Fitzgerald , the overprotective and domineering `` helicopter mom '' of Kate , Anna , and Jesse .","She tries her hardest to keep her oldest , ill , daughter alive and well , and refuses to accept the idea that she is dying .","Before the novel 's end , Sara finally listens to Anna about Kate and comes to terms with her choice to die , expressing remorse for her behavior .","She is the one who feels insurmountable guilt over Anna 's death .","Brian Fitzgerald , Sara 's husband , who understands Anna 's decision to not donate her kidney , but also feels compassion for his wife .","He becomes torn between his daughter ( s ) , and his wife , during Anna 's emancipation trial , but ends up siding with his wife during his testimony in court , regardless of his conflicting feelings .","He also shows concern for his son , and is the one to confront him about his troubling behavior .","Julia Romano , the court - appointed , guardian ad litem , whose job it is to decide what is best for Anna .","She also often advises Anna regarding medical emancipation .","She and Anna 's lawyer , Campbell Alexander , dated in young adulthood , before he broke her heart .","Campbell Alexander , a lawyer who defends Anna as she tries to become medically emancipated from her parents .","He believes that she should have control over her own body , and eventually obtains medical power of attorney over her , when she wins her case .","He personally uses a service dog , which others find `` mysterious '' , because he does not tell anyone why ; It is later uncovered that he suffers from epilepsy , and that this diagnosis is the reason he broke up with Julia , as he did not believe she `` deserved '' an unwell mate , that she 'd have to look after .","Suzanne , Jesse , Kate and Anna 's wealthy aunt , Brian 's sister - in - law and Sara 's older sister of 10 years whose relationship with her is strained due to her overzealousness in keeping Kate alive .","While coming to Sara 's aid occasionally due to her wealth , she is more supportive of Anna in suing for medical emancipation .","Judge de Salvo , the presiding judge over Anna 's case in suing for medical emancipation"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"824996564391057128","input":"who plays young snow in once upon a time","passages":[{"title":"Bailee Madison","text":"Madison was born in Fort Lauderdale , Florida , the youngest of seven children . She has four brothers and two sisters . Her older sister , Kaitlin Riley , is also an actress . Her mother is Patricia Riley . She began her career when she was two weeks old in an Office Depot commercial . Since then , she has appeared in several national commercials for major companies including Disney , SeaWorld , and Cadillac . She also serves as a national youth spokesperson for the childhood - cancer charity Alex 's Lemonade Stand Foundation .","sentences":["Madison was born in Fort Lauderdale , Florida , the youngest of seven children .","She has four brothers and two sisters .","Her older sister , Kaitlin Riley , is also an actress .","Her mother is Patricia Riley .","She began her career when she was two weeks old in an Office Depot commercial .","Since then , she has appeared in several national commercials for major companies including Disney , SeaWorld , and Cadillac .","She also serves as a national youth spokesperson for the childhood - cancer charity Alex 's Lemonade Stand Foundation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3358416146934421261","input":"what is the concealed carry law in texas","passages":[{"title":"Gun laws in Texas","text":"License holders were originally prohibited from carrying concealed inside a hospital without written authorization , under TPS 46.035 ( b ) ( 4 ) . An amendment in 2007 added paragraph ( i ) to the same section , stating that ( b ) ( 4 ) the prohibition does not apply if the license holder did not receive notice ( oral or written communication , including posting of a sign , under TPC 30.06 ) of the prohibition . But , a hospital may be a `` teaching hospital '' and considered a school , where firearms carry is prohibited , under TPC 46.03 ( a ) ( 1 ) . It may also be a VA or military hospital , and thus subject to federal prohibition on weapons carry . All hospitals are required under Government Code Section 411.204 ( b ) to post a sign stating that possession of a handgun whether licensed or not is a felony . It is unknown , given the amendments to 46.035 , whether the GC 411.204 signage would actually prohibit a CHL holder from carrying , as it would not constitute `` effective notice under section 30.06 '' and GC 411.204 does not describe failure to heed such a sign as an offense by the license holder .","sentences":["License holders were originally prohibited from carrying concealed inside a hospital without written authorization , under TPS 46.035 ( b ) ( 4 ) .","An amendment in 2007 added paragraph ( i ) to the same section , stating that ( b ) ( 4 ) the prohibition does not apply if the license holder did not receive notice ( oral or written communication , including posting of a sign , under TPC 30.06 ) of the prohibition .","But , a hospital may be a `` teaching hospital '' and considered a school , where firearms carry is prohibited , under TPC 46.03 ( a ) ( 1 ) .","It may also be a VA or military hospital , and thus subject to federal prohibition on weapons carry .","All hospitals are required under Government Code Section 411.204 ( b ) to post a sign stating that possession of a handgun whether licensed or not is a felony .","It is unknown , given the amendments to 46.035 , whether the GC 411.204 signage would actually prohibit a CHL holder from carrying , as it would not constitute `` effective notice under section 30.06 '' and GC 411.204 does not describe failure to heed such a sign as an offense by the license holder ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8951078520112913324","input":"what happened to kelly kapoor in the office","passages":[{"title":"Kelly Kapoor","text":"Kelly is portrayed in Season 1 very differently than later in the series . Rather than being loquacious and adolescent , she is just a mild - mannered employee who is just another target of branch Manager Michael Scott 's stereotypes . She is first featured in the episode `` Diversity Day , '' where Michael conducts a diversity training seminar for his employees . When Michael suggests everyone state a race they are sexually attracted to , Dwight immediately responds `` White and Indian , '' which gets a curious ( and rather alarmed ) look from her . Kelly leaves to go to a customer meeting and comes back in the middle of a game where everyone in the room has to put a card with a specific race on their forehead ( with the race being unknown to themselves ) , and then must treat everyone as if they were the race on their card . Michael , frustrated that no one is playing properly , attempts to demonstrate how to play , by approaching Kelly as she walks into the room and speaking in a stereotypical Indian accent . He starts to get offensive , mentioning various Indian stereotypes , such as convenience stores and trying to offer her `` some of my googi googi , '' to which Kelly responds by slapping him and walking away .","sentences":["Kelly is portrayed in Season 1 very differently than later in the series .","Rather than being loquacious and adolescent , she is just a mild - mannered employee who is just another target of branch Manager Michael Scott 's stereotypes .","She is first featured in the episode `` Diversity Day , '' where Michael conducts a diversity training seminar for his employees .","When Michael suggests everyone state a race they are sexually attracted to , Dwight immediately responds `` White and Indian , '' which gets a curious ( and rather alarmed ) look from her .","Kelly leaves to go to a customer meeting and comes back in the middle of a game where everyone in the room has to put a card with a specific race on their forehead ( with the race being unknown to themselves ) , and then must treat everyone as if they were the race on their card .","Michael , frustrated that no one is playing properly , attempts to demonstrate how to play , by approaching Kelly as she walks into the room and speaking in a stereotypical Indian accent .","He starts to get offensive , mentioning various Indian stereotypes , such as convenience stores and trying to offer her `` some of my googi googi , '' to which Kelly responds by slapping him and walking away ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8222895894584756203","input":"what episode does izzie learn she has cancer","passages":[{"title":"Izzie Stevens","text":"Izzie disapproves of George 's relationship and marriage to orthopedic resident Callie Torres ( Sara Ramirez ) . She and George sleep together , and attempt to keep their liaison a secret . George and resident Miranda Bailey ( Chandra Wilson ) are the only people aware that Izzie gave birth to a daughter at the age of sixteen ; ultimately the child was given up for adoption . He supports Izzie when her daughter Hannah ( Liv Hutchings ) , diagnosed with leukemia , arrives at Seattle Grace Hospital in need of a bone marrow transplant from Izzie . Izzie 's feelings for George grow , and she reveals that she has fallen in love with him . When Callie discovers George has been unfaithful , the two separate , and George and Izzie embark on a short - lived relationship , only to discover there is no real chemistry between them .","sentences":["Izzie disapproves of George 's relationship and marriage to orthopedic resident Callie Torres ( Sara Ramirez ) .","She and George sleep together , and attempt to keep their liaison a secret .","George and resident Miranda Bailey ( Chandra Wilson ) are the only people aware that Izzie gave birth to a daughter at the age of sixteen ; ultimately the child was given up for adoption .","He supports Izzie when her daughter Hannah ( Liv Hutchings ) , diagnosed with leukemia , arrives at Seattle Grace Hospital in need of a bone marrow transplant from Izzie .","Izzie 's feelings for George grow , and she reveals that she has fallen in love with him .","When Callie discovers George has been unfaithful , the two separate , and George and Izzie embark on a short - lived relationship , only to discover there is no real chemistry between them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4836750993031838988","input":"who sets the price of goods and services in a market economy","passages":[{"title":"Price controls","text":"The National Board for Prices and Incomes was created by the government of Harold Wilson in 1965 in an attempt to solve the problem of inflation in the British economy by managing wages and prices . The Prices and Incomes Act 1966 c. 33 affected UK labour law , regarding wage levels and price policies . It allowed the government to begin a process to scrutinise rising levels of wages ( then around 8 % per year ) by initiating reports and inquiries and ultimately giving orders for a standstill . The objective was to control inflation . It proved unpopular after the 1960s . United","sentences":["The National Board for Prices and Incomes was created by the government of Harold Wilson in 1965 in an attempt to solve the problem of inflation in the British economy by managing wages and prices .","The Prices and Incomes Act 1966 c. 33 affected UK labour law , regarding wage levels and price policies .","It allowed the government to begin a process to scrutinise rising levels of wages ( then around 8 % per year ) by initiating reports and inquiries and ultimately giving orders for a standstill .","The objective was to control inflation .","It proved unpopular after the 1960s .","United"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3178786858743620725","input":"how was mero\u00eb different from a typical egyptian and kushite city","passages":[{"title":"Mero\u00eb","text":"Apart from the iron trade , pottery was a widespread and prominent industry in the Meroe kingdom . The production of fine and elaborated decorated wares was a strong tradition within the middle nile . Such productions carried considerable social significance and are believed to be involved in mortuary rites . The long history of goods imported into the Meroitic empire and their subsequent distribution provides insight into the social and political workings of the Meroitic state . The major determinant of production was attributed to the availability of labor rather than the political power associated with land . Power was associated with control of people rather than control of territory .","sentences":["Apart from the iron trade , pottery was a widespread and prominent industry in the Meroe kingdom .","The production of fine and elaborated decorated wares was a strong tradition within the middle nile .","Such productions carried considerable social significance and are believed to be involved in mortuary rites .","The long history of goods imported into the Meroitic empire and their subsequent distribution provides insight into the social and political workings of the Meroitic state .","The major determinant of production was attributed to the availability of labor rather than the political power associated with land .","Power was associated with control of people rather than control of territory ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1976336444481029374","input":"what episode of the office is jim asian","passages":[{"title":"Andy's Ancestry","text":"Erik Adams of The A.V. Club gave the episode a moderately positive review and awarded it a `` B '' . Adams highlighted the serious discussion between Darryl and Jim in the warehouse , noting that `` Jim 's extrication is something to root for '' , and that it honored `` Craig Robinson 's dedication to the show '' . While feeling that some of the episode 's subplots were `` forced '' , he did , however , compliment the Pam and Nellie pairing due to `` Pam 's past ability to break through ( people like ) Angela and Dwight 's defenses '' . Bonnie Stiernberg of Paste magazine noted that , despite Andy 's regression to `` his old ways '' , it was beneficial for the episode and allowed for many jokes to be played out . Furthermore , Stiernberg applauded the subtle drama that ran throughout the entry , writing Darryl , Erin , and Pete 's interactions with Andy were important to the overall storyline . Mark Trammell of TV Equals named it `` the best episode of the final season of The Office to date '' because it `` played to the show 's strengths '' . Furthermore , he complimented the character development of Nellie , writing that she `` really started to grow on me this week '' and that his favorite line was Darryl 's `` words of wisdom '' to Jim : `` It 's not real until your wife is on board . '' Michael Tedder of New York magazine gave the episode a positive review and noted that `` It 's been a while since The Office was this surprising and moving . '' He wrote that the main plot allowed for `` overdue development '' in regards to other characters and applauded the continued drama involving Pam and Jim ; he called the last shot `` quietly heartbreaking '' . He did , however , call it a `` particularly overstuffed episode '' , and felt that Erin 's subplot should have been moved to a different episode in the season . The","sentences":["Erik Adams of The A.V. Club gave the episode a moderately positive review and awarded it a `` B '' .","Adams highlighted the serious discussion between Darryl and Jim in the warehouse , noting that `` Jim 's extrication is something to root for '' , and that it honored `` Craig Robinson 's dedication to the show '' .","While feeling that some of the episode 's subplots were `` forced '' , he did , however , compliment the Pam and Nellie pairing due to `` Pam 's past ability to break through ( people like )","Angela and Dwight 's defenses '' .","Bonnie Stiernberg of Paste magazine noted that , despite Andy 's regression to `` his old ways '' , it was beneficial for the episode and allowed for many jokes to be played out .","Furthermore , Stiernberg applauded the subtle drama that ran throughout the entry , writing Darryl , Erin , and Pete 's interactions with Andy were important to the overall storyline .","Mark Trammell of TV Equals named it `` the best episode of the final season of The Office to date ''","because it `` played to the show 's strengths ''",".","Furthermore , he complimented the character development of Nellie , writing that she `` really started to grow on me this week '' and that his favorite line was Darryl 's `` words of wisdom '' to Jim : `` It 's not real until your wife is on board . ''","Michael Tedder of New York magazine gave the episode a positive review and noted that `` It 's been a while since The Office was this surprising and moving . ''","He wrote that the main plot allowed for `` overdue development '' in regards to other characters and applauded the continued drama involving Pam and Jim ; he called the last shot `` quietly heartbreaking '' .","He did , however , call it a `` particularly overstuffed episode '' , and felt that Erin 's subplot should have been moved to a different episode in the season .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8459064736045700845","input":"what us president fought in the spanish american war","passages":[{"title":"Spanish\u2013American War","text":"On July 1 , a combined force of about 15,000 American troops in regular infantry and cavalry regiments , including all four of the army 's `` Colored '' regiments , and volunteer regiments , among them Roosevelt and his `` Rough Riders '' , the 71st New York , the 2nd Massachusetts Infantry , and 1st North Carolina , and rebel Cuban forces attacked 1,270 entrenched Spaniards in dangerous Civil War - style frontal assaults at the Battle of El Caney and Battle of San Juan Hill outside of Santiago . More than 200 U.S. soldiers were killed and close to 1,200 wounded in the fighting , thanks to the high rate of fire the Spanish put down range at the Americans . Supporting fire by Gatling guns was critical to the success of the assault . Cervera decided to escape Santiago two days later . First Lieutenant John J. Pershing , nicknamed `` Black Jack '' , oversaw the 10th Cavalry Unit during the war . Pershing and his unit fought in the Battle of San Juan Hill . Pershing was cited for his gallantry during the battle .","sentences":["On July 1 , a combined force of about 15,000 American troops in regular infantry and cavalry regiments , including all four of the army 's `` Colored '' regiments , and volunteer regiments , among them Roosevelt and his `` Rough Riders '' , the 71st New York , the 2nd Massachusetts Infantry , and 1st North Carolina , and rebel Cuban forces attacked 1,270 entrenched Spaniards in dangerous Civil War - style frontal assaults at the Battle of El Caney and Battle of San Juan Hill outside of Santiago .","More than 200 U.S. soldiers were killed and close to 1,200 wounded in the fighting , thanks to the high rate of fire the Spanish put down range at the Americans .","Supporting fire by Gatling guns was critical to the success of the assault .","Cervera decided to escape Santiago two days later .","First Lieutenant John J. Pershing , nicknamed `` Black Jack '' , oversaw the 10th Cavalry Unit during the war .","Pershing and his unit fought in the Battle of San Juan Hill .","Pershing was cited for his gallantry during the battle ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2534493150291612477","input":"what's the point of no mans sky","passages":[{"title":"No Man's Sky","text":"On 25 November 2016 , Hello Games announced it was planning on bringing a large update , known as the Foundation Update , to the game , stating that `` We have been quiet , but we are listening and focusing on improving the game that our team loves and feels so passionately about . '' Hello Games had not mentioned a release window , and many journalists were surprised when the update was released just two days later . The update was generally well received by journalists , that while not fully satisfying all the features that seemed to have been promised for the game , helped to push the game into the right direction in anticipation of future major patches . The update had drawn back some players that had previously turned their back to the game and created a better reception across some players , while others still remained disappointed from the game 's initial release problems . By the time of the third major update , `` Atlas Rises '' , a year after initial release , many felt the game was now much better and approaching what they had expected . Wired 's Julie Muncy said that the ability of the updates to No Man 's Sky demonstrates the game can be more organic , adding significant new features that can dramatically change the feel of the game .","sentences":["On 25 November 2016 , Hello Games announced it was planning on bringing a large update , known as the Foundation Update , to the game , stating that `` We have been quiet , but we are listening and focusing on improving the game that our team loves and feels so passionately about . ''","Hello Games had not mentioned a release window , and many journalists were surprised when the update was released just two days later .","The update was generally well received by journalists , that while not fully satisfying all the features that seemed to have been promised for the game , helped to push the game into the right direction in anticipation of future major patches .","The update had drawn back some players that had previously turned their back to the game and created a better reception across some players , while others still remained disappointed from the game 's initial release problems .","By the time of the third major update , `` Atlas Rises '' , a year after initial release , many felt the game was now much better and approaching what they had expected .","Wired 's Julie Muncy said that the ability of the updates to No Man 's Sky demonstrates the game can be more organic , adding significant new features that can dramatically change the feel of the game ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6177987801276569738","input":"why is parliament the supreme law making body","passages":[{"title":"Parliamentary sovereignty","text":"The devolution of power to devolved legislatures in Scotland ( Scottish Parliament ) , Wales ( Welsh Assembly ) and Northern Ireland ( Northern Ireland Assembly ) : All three bodies can pass primary legislation within the areas that have been devolved to them , but their powers nevertheless all stem from the UK Parliament and can be withdrawn unilaterally . The Northern Ireland Assembly , in particular , has been suspended multiple times due to political deadlocks . The UK 's membership of the European Economic Community , later the European Union , from 1973 : The EU represents , as the European Court of Justice ruled in 1963 in the case Van Gend en Loos , a `` new legal order of international law for the benefit of which the ( Member ) States have limited their sovereign rights , albeit within limited fields '' . The UK became part of that legal order , though as UK membership of the EU has been brought about through Acts of Parliament -- principally the European Communities Act 1972 -- Parliament could , as a matter of UK law , pass further legislation unilaterally withdrawing the UK from the Union , or selectively barring the application of European law within the UK . The European Union Act 2011 reaffirmed that sovereignty lay with the British Parliament , with section 18 stating : `` Directly applicable or directly effective EU law ( that is , the rights , powers , liabilities , obligations , restrictions , remedies and procedures referred to in section 2 ( 1 ) of the European Communities Act 1972 ) falls to be recognized and available in law in the United Kingdom only by virtue of that Act or where it is required to be recognised and available in law by virtue of any other Act . '' The Act also requires that a referendum be held when more powers are transferred to the European Union ( though this can be repealed with another Act of Parliament ) . Alternatively , as prescribed by the 2016 Brexit referendum , an Act to withdraw from the European Union could be passed in parallel with the withdrawal procedure laid down in Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty , whereby a Member State would notify the European Council of its intention to secede from the Union and a withdrawal agreement would be negotiated between the Union and the State . The Treaties would cease to be applicable to that State from the date of the agreement or , failing that , within two years of the notification . Following the case of Thoburn v Sunderland City Council certain statutes are perceived to be protected as Constitutional Statutes . The case involved amendments to the Weights and Measures Act 1985 by the Weights and Measures Act 1985 ( Metrication ) ( Amendment ) Order 1994 pursuant to Directive 80 \/ 181 \/ EEC . This stated that Imperial measurements could be displayed so long as the metric measurements were displayed in larger type beside them . Thoburn was convicted for only displaying Imperial measurements . In his defence he argued that allowing even limited use of Imperial measurements was inconsistent with the European directive and therefore in contravention of Section 2 ( 2 ) of the European Communities Act 1972 , and that the relevant section of the 1972 Act had therefore been implicitly repealed . However , the judgement by Lord Justice Laws held that certain statutes of constitutional importance , including Magna Carta and the European Communities Act 1972 , could not be repealed by implied repeal . The case also introduces the concept of a ' hierarchy of acts ' , which is used in other European countries , to English constitutional law . However , if Parliament did make its intention to overrule any statute express then any statute can be repealed , and so sovereignty is preserved . The enactment of the Human Rights Act 1998 which incorporates part of the European Convention on Human Rights into domestic law . The Act gives UK courts the power to issue a declaration of incompatibility where they believe that the terms of an Act of Parliament are in contravention of the rights guaranteed by the Human Rights Act . The effect of the declaration is not to annul the contravening Act but to send a signal to Parliament which may then choose to amend the offending provision . This does not endanger Parliamentary sovereignty because Parliament may choose not to amend the offending provisions . As with the UK 's membership of the European Union , the principle of parliamentary supremacy means that Parliament can at any time vote to repeal the Human Rights Act , and indeed the UK 's ratification of the Convention itself .","sentences":["The devolution of power to devolved legislatures in Scotland ( Scottish Parliament ) , Wales ( Welsh Assembly ) and Northern Ireland ( Northern Ireland Assembly ) :","All three bodies can pass primary legislation within the areas that have been devolved to them , but their powers nevertheless all stem from the UK Parliament and can be withdrawn unilaterally .","The Northern Ireland Assembly , in particular , has been suspended multiple times due to political deadlocks .","The UK 's membership of the European Economic Community , later the European Union , from 1973 : The EU represents , as the European Court of Justice ruled in 1963 in the case Van Gend en Loos , a `` new legal order of international law for the benefit of which the ( Member ) States have limited their sovereign rights , albeit within limited fields '' .","The UK became part of that legal order , though as UK membership of the EU has been brought about through Acts of Parliament -- principally the European Communities Act 1972 --","Parliament could , as a matter of UK law , pass further legislation unilaterally withdrawing the UK from the Union , or selectively barring the application of European law within the UK .","The European Union Act 2011 reaffirmed that sovereignty lay with the British Parliament , with section 18 stating : `` Directly applicable or directly effective EU law ( that is , the rights , powers , liabilities , obligations , restrictions , remedies and procedures referred to in section 2 ( 1 ) of the European Communities Act 1972 ) falls to be recognized and available in law in the United Kingdom only by virtue of that Act or where it is required to be recognised and available in law by virtue of any other Act . ''","The Act also requires that a referendum be held when more powers are transferred to the European Union ( though this can be repealed with another Act of Parliament ) .","Alternatively , as prescribed by the 2016 Brexit referendum , an Act to withdraw from the European Union could be passed in parallel with the withdrawal procedure laid down in Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty , whereby a Member State would notify the European Council of its intention to secede from the Union and a withdrawal agreement would be negotiated between the Union and the State .","The Treaties would cease to be applicable to that State from the date of the agreement or , failing that , within two years of the notification .","Following the case of Thoburn v Sunderland City Council certain statutes are perceived to be protected as Constitutional Statutes .","The case involved amendments to the Weights and Measures Act 1985 by the Weights and Measures Act 1985 ( Metrication ) ( Amendment ) Order 1994 pursuant to Directive 80 \/ 181 \/ EEC .","This stated that Imperial measurements could be displayed so long as the metric measurements were displayed in larger type beside them .","Thoburn was convicted for only displaying Imperial measurements .","In his defence he argued that allowing even limited use of Imperial measurements was inconsistent with the European directive and therefore in contravention of Section 2 ( 2 ) of the European Communities Act 1972 , and that the relevant section of the 1972 Act had therefore been implicitly repealed .","However , the judgement by Lord Justice Laws held that certain statutes of constitutional importance , including Magna Carta and the European Communities Act 1972 , could not be repealed by implied repeal .","The case also introduces the concept of a ' hierarchy of acts ' , which is used in other European countries , to English constitutional law .","However , if Parliament did make its intention to overrule any statute express then any statute can be repealed , and so sovereignty is preserved .","The enactment of the Human Rights Act 1998 which incorporates part of the European Convention on Human Rights into domestic law .","The Act gives UK courts the power to issue a declaration of incompatibility where they believe that the terms of an Act of Parliament are in contravention of the rights guaranteed by the Human Rights Act .","The effect of the declaration is not to annul the contravening Act but to send a signal to Parliament which may then choose to amend the offending provision .","This does not endanger Parliamentary sovereignty because Parliament may choose not to amend the offending provisions .","As with the UK 's membership of the European Union , the principle of parliamentary supremacy means that Parliament can at any time vote to repeal the Human Rights Act , and indeed the UK 's ratification of the Convention itself ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-213839769203954367","input":"where is pearl harbor located on the world map","passages":[{"title":"Pearl Harbor","text":"Following the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom , the United States Navy established a base on the island in 1899 . On December 7 , 1941 , the base was attacked by the Imperial Japanese Navy airplanes and midget submarines , causing the American entry into World War II . One of the main reasons that Pearl Harbor happened was because the United States had major communication breakdowns among several branches of the U.S. armed services and departments of the U.S. government . This led to the surprise Japanese attack at the Hawaiian air base . There was no meaningful plan for the air defense of Hawaii , for American commanders had no understanding of the capabilities and proper employment of air power . As it was , had the Pacific Fleet acted on the war warnings it undoubtedly would have sortied and been at sea on December 7 , where the major ships would have been sunk in deep water , making salvage impossible . Shortly after the devastating Japanese surprise attack at Pearl Harbor two American military commanders , Lt. Gen. Walter Short and Adm. Husband Kimmel were demoted of their full ranks . The two American commanders later sought to restore their reputations and full ranks . Post-world","sentences":["Following the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom , the United States Navy established a base on the island in 1899 .","On December 7 , 1941 , the base was attacked by the Imperial Japanese Navy airplanes and midget submarines , causing the American entry into World War II .","One of the main reasons that Pearl Harbor happened was because the United States had major communication breakdowns among several branches of the U.S. armed services and departments of the U.S. government .","This led to the surprise Japanese attack at the Hawaiian air base .","There was no meaningful plan for the air defense of Hawaii , for American commanders had no understanding of the capabilities and proper employment of air power .","As it was , had the Pacific Fleet acted on the war warnings it undoubtedly would have sortied and been at sea on December 7 , where the major ships would have been sunk in deep water , making salvage impossible .","Shortly after the devastating Japanese surprise attack at Pearl Harbor two American military commanders , Lt. Gen. Walter Short and Adm. Husband Kimmel were demoted of their full ranks .","The two American commanders later sought to restore their reputations and full ranks .","Post-world"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-353017759368920209","input":"what was the first funko pop vinyl figure","passages":[{"title":"Funko","text":"Funko 's Pop ! Vinyl line are figures modeled in a style similar to the Japanese super deformed style , typically depicting licensed characters from franchises such as Doctor Who , Marvel , DC Comics , Disney , Star Wars , Harry Potter , RuPaul 's Drag Race , and other pop culture entities . After a preview line of DC Comics characters were released at San Diego Comic - Con 2010 , the Funko Pop ! line of products was fully revealed in 2011 at the New York Toy Fair . Various other products have been released using the Pop ! brand and its character stylization , such as plush toys , T - shirts , keychains ( miniaturized versions of the normal figures ) , and ceramic mugs , the latter of which are enlarged , hollow copies of a figure 's head , with a handle attached . Within the Funko Pop ! products , there is a series known as Pop ! Rides , featuring the figure in a vehicle such as a car . The Funko Pop ! Product line also has figures that are larger than the standard figure , in 6 `` , 10 '' and the now retired 9 '' size . In addition , Funko produces Pop ! Deluxes , where a character is seated on external set pieces , such as a throne , and occasionally a vehicle or creature ( only for the Star Wars line ) . Funko has also begun creating Movie and Comic Moments , which feature to posed Pop ! figures interacting with each other and on display bases in ways that replicate moments from different movies and comic books .","sentences":["Funko 's Pop !","Vinyl line are figures modeled in a style similar to the Japanese super deformed style , typically depicting licensed characters from franchises such as Doctor Who , Marvel , DC Comics , Disney , Star Wars , Harry Potter , RuPaul 's Drag Race , and other pop culture entities .","After a preview line of DC Comics characters were released at San Diego Comic - Con 2010 , the Funko Pop !","line of products was fully revealed in 2011 at the New York Toy Fair .","Various other products have been released using the Pop !","brand and its character stylization , such as plush toys , T - shirts , keychains ( miniaturized versions of the normal figures ) , and ceramic mugs , the latter of which are enlarged , hollow copies of a figure 's head , with a handle attached .","Within the Funko Pop ! products , there is a series known as Pop !","Rides , featuring the figure in a vehicle such as a car .","The Funko Pop !","Product line also has figures that are larger than the standard figure , in 6 `` , 10 '' and the now retired 9 '' size .","In addition , Funko produces Pop !","Deluxes , where a character is seated on external set pieces , such as a throne , and occasionally a vehicle or creature ( only for the Star Wars line ) .","Funko has also begun creating Movie and Comic Moments , which feature to posed Pop !","figures interacting with each other and on display bases in ways that replicate moments from different movies and comic books ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1279661843379779962","input":"how many g forces is the speed of sound","passages":[{"title":"Sound barrier","text":"During WWII and immediately thereafter , a number of claims were made that the sound barrier had been broken in a dive . The majority of these purported events can be dismissed as instrumentation errors . The typical airspeed indicator ( ASI ) uses air pressure differences between two or more points on the aircraft , typically near the nose and at the side of the fuselage , to produce a speed figure . At high speed , the various compression effects that lead to the sound barrier also cause the ASI to go non-linear and produce inaccurately high or low readings , depending on the specifics of the installation . This effect became known as `` Mach jump '' . Before the introduction of Mach meters , accurate measurements of supersonic speeds could only be made externally , normally using ground - based instruments . Many claims of supersonic speeds were found to be far below this speed when measured in this fashion .","sentences":["During WWII and immediately thereafter , a number of claims were made that the sound barrier had been broken in a dive .","The majority of these purported events can be dismissed as instrumentation errors .","The typical airspeed indicator ( ASI ) uses air pressure differences between two or more points on the aircraft , typically near the nose and at the side of the fuselage , to produce a speed figure .","At high speed , the various compression effects that lead to the sound barrier also cause the ASI to go non-linear and produce inaccurately high or low readings , depending on the specifics of the installation .","This effect became known as `` Mach jump '' .","Before the introduction of Mach meters , accurate measurements of supersonic speeds could only be made externally , normally using ground - based instruments .","Many claims of supersonic speeds were found to be far below this speed when measured in this fashion ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-266950911416273546","input":"who played in the 2013 ncaa basketball championship","passages":[{"title":"2013 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament","text":"South Regional -- Arlington , Texas Seed School Conference Record Coach Berth type Overall rank # 1 Kansas Big 12 29 -- 5 Bill Self Automatic # 2 Georgetown Big East 25 -- 6 John Thompson III At - large 7 # 3 Florida SEC 26 -- 7 Billy Donovan At - large 10 # 4 Michigan Big Ten 26 -- 7 John Beilein At - large 13 # 5 VCU Atlantic 10 26 -- 8 Shaka Smart At - large 20 # 6 UCLA Pac - 12 25 -- 9 Ben Howland At - large 24 # 7 San Diego State Mountain West 22 -- 10 Steve Fisher At - large 26 # 8 North Carolina ACC 24 -- 10 Roy Williams At - large 29 # 9 Villanova Big East 20 -- 13 Jay Wright At - large 38 # 10 Oklahoma Big 12 20 -- 11 Lon Krueger At - large 40 # 11 Minnesota Big Ten 20 -- 12 Tubby Smith At - large 41 # 12 Akron MAC 26 -- 6 Keith Dambrot Automatic 51 # 13 South Dakota State Summit 25 -- 9 Scott Nagy Automatic 53 # 14 Northwestern State Southland 23 -- 8 Mike McConathy Automatic 57 # 15 Florida Gulf Coast Atlantic Sun 24 -- 10 Andy Enfield Automatic 59 # 16 Western Kentucky Sun Belt 20 -- 15 Ray Harper Automatic 63","sentences":["South Regional -- Arlington , Texas Seed School Conference Record Coach Berth type Overall rank # 1 Kansas Big 12 29 -- 5 Bill Self Automatic # 2 Georgetown Big East 25 -- 6 John Thompson III At - large 7 # 3 Florida SEC 26 -- 7 Billy Donovan At - large 10 # 4 Michigan Big Ten 26 -- 7 John Beilein","At - large 13 # 5 VCU Atlantic 10 26 -- 8 Shaka Smart At - large 20 # 6 UCLA Pac - 12 25 -- 9 Ben Howland At - large 24 # 7 San Diego State Mountain West 22 -- 10","Steve Fisher","At - large 26 # 8 North Carolina ACC 24 -- 10 Roy Williams At - large 29 # 9 Villanova Big East 20 -- 13","Jay Wright At - large 38 # 10 Oklahoma Big 12 20 -- 11 Lon Krueger","At - large 40 # 11 Minnesota Big Ten 20 -- 12 Tubby Smith At - large 41 # 12 Akron MAC 26 -- 6 Keith Dambrot Automatic 51 # 13 South Dakota State Summit 25 -- 9 Scott Nagy Automatic 53 # 14 Northwestern State Southland 23 -- 8 Mike McConathy Automatic 57 # 15 Florida Gulf Coast Atlantic Sun 24 -- 10 Andy Enfield Automatic 59 # 16 Western Kentucky Sun Belt 20 -- 15 Ray Harper Automatic 63"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-175315207997727753","input":"what helped the united states change back to a peacetime economy","passages":[{"title":"History of the United States (1945\u201364)","text":"By 1947 , the Soviets had fully absorbed the three Baltic nations , and effectively controlled Poland , East Germany , Czechoslovakia , Romania , and Bulgaria . Austria and Finland were neutral and demilitarized . The Kremlin did not control Yugoslavia , which had a separate communist regime under Marshall Tito ; They had a permanent bitter break in 1948 . The Cold War lines stabilized in Europe along the Iron Curtain , and there was no fighting . The United States helped form a strong military alliance in NATO in 1949 including most of the nations of Western Europe , and Canada . In Asia , however , there was much more movement . The United States failed to negotiate a settlement between its ally , nationalist China under Chiang Kai - shek , and the Communists under Mao Zedong . The Communists took over China in 1949 and role of the nationalist to the offshore island of Formosa ( Taiwan ) which came under American protection . Local communist movements attempted to take over all of Korea ( 1950 ) and Vietnam ( 1954 ) . Communist hegemony covered one third of the world 's land while the United States emerged as the world 's more influential superpower , and formed a worldwide network of military alliances .","sentences":["By 1947 , the Soviets had fully absorbed the three Baltic nations , and effectively controlled Poland , East Germany , Czechoslovakia , Romania , and Bulgaria .","Austria and Finland were neutral and demilitarized .","The Kremlin did not control Yugoslavia , which had a separate communist regime under Marshall Tito ; They had a permanent bitter break in 1948 .","The Cold War lines stabilized in Europe along the Iron Curtain , and there was no fighting .","The United States helped form a strong military alliance in NATO in 1949 including most of the nations of Western Europe , and Canada .","In Asia , however , there was much more movement .","The United States failed to negotiate a settlement between its ally , nationalist China under Chiang Kai - shek , and the Communists under Mao Zedong .","The Communists took over China in 1949 and role of the nationalist to the offshore island of Formosa ( Taiwan ) which came under American protection .","Local communist movements attempted to take over all of Korea ( 1950 ) and Vietnam ( 1954 ) .","Communist hegemony covered one third of the world 's land while the United States emerged as the world 's more influential superpower , and formed a worldwide network of military alliances ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2269677745297178208","input":"what type of castle is the tower of london","passages":[{"title":"Tower of London","text":"During Edward II 's reign ( 1307 -- 1327 ) there was relatively little activity at the Tower of London . However , it was during this period that the Privy Wardrobe was founded . The institution was based at the Tower and responsible for organising the state 's arms . In 1321 , Margaret de Clare , Baroness Badlesmere became the first woman imprisoned in the Tower of London after she refused Queen Isabella admittance to Leeds Castle and ordered her archers to fire upon Isabella , killing six of the royal escort . Generally reserved for high - ranking inmates , the Tower was the most important royal prison in the country . However it was not necessarily very secure , and throughout its history people bribed the guards to help them escape . In 1323 Roger Mortimer , Baron Mortimer , was aided in his escape from the Tower by the Sub-Lieutenant of the Tower who let Mortimer 's men inside . They hacked a hole in his cell wall and Mortimer escaped to a waiting boat . He fled to France where he encountered Edward 's Queen . They began an affair and plotted to overthrow the King . One of Mortimer 's first acts on entering England in 1326 was to capture the Tower and release the prisoners held there . For four years he ruled while Edward III was too young to do so himself ; in 1330 , Edward and his supporters captured Mortimer and threw him in the Tower . Under Edward III 's rule ( 1312 -- 1377 ) England experienced renewed success in warfare after his father 's reign had put the realm on the backfoot against the Scots and French . Amongst Edward 's successes were the battles of Cr\u00e9cy and Poitiers where King John II of France was taken prisoner , and the capture of the King David II of Scotland at Neville 's Cross . During this period , the Tower of London held many noble prisoners of war . Edward II had allowed the Tower of London to fall into a state of disrepair , and by the reign of Edward III the castle was an uncomfortable place . The nobility held captive within its walls were unable to engage in activities such as hunting which were permissible at other royal castles used as prisons , for instance Windsor . Edward III ordered that the castle should be renovated . One","sentences":["During Edward II 's reign ( 1307 -- 1327 )","there was relatively little activity at the Tower of London .","However , it was during this period that the Privy Wardrobe was founded .","The institution was based at the Tower and responsible for organising the state 's arms .","In 1321 , Margaret de Clare , Baroness Badlesmere became the first woman imprisoned in the Tower of London after she refused Queen Isabella admittance to Leeds Castle and ordered her archers to fire upon Isabella , killing six of the royal escort .","Generally reserved for high - ranking inmates , the Tower was the most important royal prison in the country .","However it was not necessarily very secure , and throughout its history people bribed the guards to help them escape .","In 1323 Roger Mortimer , Baron Mortimer , was aided in his escape from the Tower by the Sub-Lieutenant of the Tower who let Mortimer 's men inside .","They hacked a hole in his cell wall and Mortimer escaped to a waiting boat .","He fled to France where he encountered Edward 's Queen .","They began an affair and plotted to overthrow the King .","One of Mortimer 's first acts on entering England in 1326 was to capture the Tower and release the prisoners held there .","For four years he ruled while Edward III was too young to do so himself ; in 1330 , Edward and his supporters captured Mortimer and threw him in the Tower .","Under Edward III 's rule ( 1312 -- 1377 )","England experienced renewed success in warfare after his father 's reign had put the realm on the backfoot against the Scots and French .","Amongst Edward 's successes were the battles of Cr\u00e9cy and Poitiers where King John II of France was taken prisoner , and the capture of the King David II of Scotland at Neville 's Cross .","During this period , the Tower of London held many noble prisoners of war .","Edward II had allowed the Tower of London to fall into a state of disrepair , and by the reign of Edward III the castle was an uncomfortable place .","The nobility held captive within its walls were unable to engage in activities such as hunting which were permissible at other royal castles used as prisons , for instance Windsor .","Edward III ordered that the castle should be renovated .","One"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"881890940320336556","input":"where is rodina located in the late proterozoic","passages":[{"title":"Rodinia","text":"SWEAT - Configuration ( Southwest US - East Antarctica craton ) : Antarctica is on the Southwest of Laurentia and Australia is at the North of Antarctica . AUSWUS - Configuration ( Australia - western US ) : Australia is at the West of Laurentia . AUSMEX - Configuration ( Australia - Mexico ) : Australia is at the location of nowadays Mexico relative to Laurentia . The `` Missing - link '' model by Li et al. 2008 which has South China between Australia and the west coast of Laurentia . A revised `` Missing - link '' model is proposed in which Tarim Block serves as an extended or alternative missing - link between Australia and Laurentia . Siberia attached to the western US ( via the Belt Supergroup ) , as in Sears & Price 2000 . Rodinia of Scotese .","sentences":["SWEAT - Configuration ( Southwest US - East Antarctica craton )",": Antarctica is on the Southwest of Laurentia and Australia is at the North of Antarctica .","AUSWUS - Configuration ( Australia - western US ) :","Australia is at the West of Laurentia .","AUSMEX - Configuration ( Australia - Mexico ) :","Australia is at the location of nowadays Mexico relative to Laurentia .","The `` Missing - link '' model by Li et al. 2008 which has South China between Australia and the west coast of Laurentia .","A revised `` Missing - link '' model is proposed in which Tarim Block serves as an extended or alternative missing - link between Australia and Laurentia .","Siberia attached to the western US ( via the Belt Supergroup ) , as in Sears & Price 2000 .","Rodinia of Scotese ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-774486048458251488","input":"can you have numbers in your legal name","passages":[{"title":"Naming in the United States","text":"Research suggests that American parents are more likely to use established , historical names for boys and are much more likely to name boys after relatives and ancestors . Boys ' names , on average , are more traditional than girls ' names , and are less likely to be currently fashionable . This trend holds true across racial lines . There is a much quicker turnover within girls ' names than boys ' . Parents of girls are much more likely to demonstrate their creativity in the naming of their daughters than their sons . In Alice Rossi 's 1965 study of naming conventions , she theorizes that the gender differences in naming strategies exist because of the perceived roles of men and women in society . `` Women play the more crucial role in family and kin activities , while men are the symbolic carriers of temporal continuity of the family . ''","sentences":["Research suggests that American parents are more likely to use established , historical names for boys and are much more likely to name boys after relatives and ancestors .","Boys ' names , on average , are more traditional than girls ' names , and are less likely to be currently fashionable .","This trend holds true across racial lines .","There is a much quicker turnover within girls ' names than boys ' .","Parents of girls are much more likely to demonstrate their creativity in the naming of their daughters than their sons .","In Alice Rossi 's 1965 study of naming conventions , she theorizes that the gender differences in naming strategies exist because of the perceived roles of men and women in society .","`` Women play the more crucial role in family and kin activities , while men are the symbolic carriers of temporal continuity of the family . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5419666233543639334","input":"who won the nobel peace prize from myanmar","passages":[{"title":"Aung San Suu Kyi","text":"In 2017 , critics have called for Suu Kyi 's Nobel prize to be revoked , citing her silence over the persecution of Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar . Some activists criticised Aung San Suu Kyi for her silence on the 2012 Rakhine State riots ( later repeated during the 2015 Rohingya refugee crisis ) , and her perceived indifference to the plight of the Rohingya , Myanmar 's persecuted Muslim minority . In 2012 , she told reporters she did not know if the Rohingya could be regarded as Burmese citizens . In a 2013 interview with the BBC 's Mishal Husain , Suu Kyi did not condemn violence against the Rohingya and denied that Muslims in Myanmar have been subject to ethnic cleansing , insisting that the tensions were due to a `` climate of fear '' caused by `` a worldwide perception that global Muslim power is ' very great ' . '' She did condemn `` hate of any kind '' in the interview . According to Peter Popham , in the aftermath of the interview , she expressed anger at being interviewed by a Muslim . Husain had challenged Suu Kyi that almost all of the impact of violence was against the Rohingya , in response to Suu Kyi 's claim that violence was happening on both sides , and Peter Popham described her position on the issue as one of purposeful ambiguity for political gain .","sentences":["In 2017 , critics have called for Suu Kyi 's Nobel prize to be revoked , citing her silence over the persecution of Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar .","Some activists criticised Aung San Suu Kyi for her silence on the 2012 Rakhine State riots ( later repeated during the 2015 Rohingya refugee crisis ) , and her perceived indifference to the plight of the Rohingya , Myanmar 's persecuted Muslim minority .","In 2012 , she told reporters she did not know if the Rohingya could be regarded as Burmese citizens .","In a 2013 interview with the BBC 's Mishal Husain , Suu Kyi did not condemn violence against the Rohingya and denied that Muslims in Myanmar have been subject to ethnic cleansing , insisting that the tensions were due to a `` climate of fear '' caused by `` a worldwide perception that global Muslim power is ' very great ' . ''","She did condemn `` hate of any kind '' in the interview .","According to Peter Popham , in the aftermath of the interview , she expressed anger at being interviewed by a Muslim .","Husain had challenged Suu Kyi that almost all of the impact of violence was against the Rohingya , in response to Suu Kyi 's claim that violence was happening on both sides , and Peter Popham described her position on the issue as one of purposeful ambiguity for political gain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3801433759589824945","input":"what kind of owl is in winnie the pooh","passages":[{"title":"List of Winnie-the-Pooh characters","text":"The Backson is a creature imagined by the characters after misunderstanding Christopher Robin 's note , which meant he would be `` back soon '' from school . He is mentioned but not seen in The House at Pooh Corner as `` the Spotted or Herbaceous Backson '' He is the main antagonist in Winnie the Pooh where the animals think he has captured Christopher Robin . Owl describes him as a large , ugly , mean and scary purple and blue creature who ruins or destroys many everyday items , such as books , socks and crayons . Pooh and his friends build a trap to try to capture him ( a pit with a trail of books , socks , dishes , toys and other items leading to it ) , but Christopher Robin reveals that he was never captured , just away at school . At the end of the film , the Backson turns out to be real , but he is a kind and helpful creature who wants to return people 's things to them . However , the trap does capture him , as he picks up all the items and then falls into the pit .","sentences":["The Backson is a creature imagined by the characters after misunderstanding Christopher Robin 's note , which meant he would be `` back soon '' from school .","He is mentioned but not seen in The House at Pooh Corner as `` the Spotted or Herbaceous Backson ''","He is the main antagonist in Winnie the Pooh where the animals think he has captured Christopher Robin .","Owl describes him as a large , ugly , mean and scary purple and blue creature who ruins or destroys many everyday items , such as books , socks and crayons .","Pooh and his friends build a trap to try to capture him ( a pit with a trail of books , socks , dishes , toys and other items leading to it ) , but Christopher Robin reveals that he was never captured , just away at school .","At the end of the film , the Backson turns out to be real , but he is a kind and helpful creature who wants to return people 's things to them .","However , the trap does capture him , as he picks up all the items and then falls into the pit ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4250804562511765889","input":"in the united states and canada it is very important to","passages":[{"title":"Canada\u2013United States relations","text":"It has been said that the United States Government is a failure . I do n't go so far . On the contrary , I consider it a marvelous exhibition of human wisdom . It was as perfect as human wisdom could make it , and under it the American States greatly prospered until very recently ; but being the work of men it had its defects , and it is for us to take advantage by experience , and endeavor to see if we can not arrive by careful study at such a plan as will avoid the mistakes of our neighbors . In the first place we know that every individual state was an individual sovereignty -- that each had its own army and navy and political organization -- and when they formed themselves into a confederation they only gave the central authority certain specific rights appertaining to sovereign powers . The dangers that have risen from this system we will avoid if we can agree upon forming a strong central government -- a great Central Legislature -- a constitution for a Union which will have all the rights of sovereignty except those that are given to the local governments . Then we shall have taken a great step in advance of the American Republic . ( September 12 , 1864 )","sentences":["It has been said that the United States Government is a failure .","I do n't go so far .","On the contrary , I consider it a marvelous exhibition of human wisdom .","It was as perfect as human wisdom could make it , and under it the American States greatly prospered until very recently ; but being the work of men it had its defects , and it is for us to take advantage by experience , and endeavor to see if we can not arrive by careful study at such a plan as will avoid the mistakes of our neighbors .","In the first place we know that every individual state was an individual sovereignty -- that each had its own army and navy and political organization -- and when they formed themselves into a confederation they only gave the central authority certain specific rights appertaining to sovereign powers .","The dangers that have risen from this system we will avoid if we can agree upon forming a strong central government -- a great Central Legislature -- a constitution for a Union which will have all the rights of sovereignty except those that are given to the local governments .","Then we shall have taken a great step in advance of the American Republic .","( September 12 , 1864 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7580746925830782332","input":"the order of keeping up with the kardashians","passages":[{"title":"List of Keeping Up with the Kardashians episodes","text":"During the one - hour special , the family travels to Las Vegas to celebrate Kim 's birthday and attend an important business meeting . Kim bothered her mother for not caring about her birthday , while Scott gets violently drunk . He subsequently gets into a scuffle with his buddy , Rob Kardashian , who is also drunk . Their unruly behavior sets the tone for the remainder of the night . After Kris is able to break up the fight , she and Kourtney think that they are able to subdue Scott and leave him in the hotel room to sober up . To everyone 's surprise , Scott shows up to the dinner where his boss is present . After using foul language , embarrassing himself and making everyone in attendance uncomfortable , Scott gets in an argument with the waiter and shoves a $100 bill in his mouth . The drama continues to unfold as Kourtney ends her relationship with Scott because of his unforgivable actions .","sentences":["During the one - hour special , the family travels to Las Vegas to celebrate Kim 's birthday and attend an important business meeting .","Kim bothered her mother for not caring about her birthday , while Scott gets violently drunk .","He subsequently gets into a scuffle with his buddy , Rob Kardashian , who is also drunk .","Their unruly behavior sets the tone for the remainder of the night .","After Kris is able to break up the fight , she and Kourtney think that they are able to subdue Scott and leave him in the hotel room to sober up .","To everyone 's surprise , Scott shows up to the dinner where his boss is present .","After using foul language , embarrassing himself and making everyone in attendance uncomfortable , Scott gets in an argument with the waiter and shoves a $100 bill in his mouth .","The drama continues to unfold as Kourtney ends her relationship with Scott because of his unforgivable actions ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8334574600563602102","input":"what is salary of white house press secretary","passages":[{"title":"Sarah Huckabee Sanders","text":"Sanders 's introduction to politics began as a child , when her father first ran for the United States Senate in 1992 . Describing the unsuccessful campaign to The Hill , she said `` He did n't really have much of a staff , so our family has been very engaged and very supportive of my dad . I was stuffing envelopes , I was knocking on doors , I was putting up yard signs . '' Her father described her childhood , saying , `` I always say that when most kids are seven or eight years old out jumping rope , she was sitting at the kitchen table listening to political commentators analyze poll results . '' Huckabee said that he and his wife spoiled Sarah at times . He called her `` doggone tough '' and `` fearless '' due to having grown up with two brothers .","sentences":["Sanders 's introduction to politics began as a child , when her father first ran for the United States Senate in 1992 .","Describing the unsuccessful campaign to The Hill , she said `` He did n't really have much of a staff , so our family has been very engaged and very supportive of my dad .","I was stuffing envelopes , I was knocking on doors , I was putting up yard signs . ''","Her father described her childhood , saying , `` I always say that when most kids are seven or eight years old out jumping rope , she was sitting at the kitchen table listening to political commentators analyze poll results . ''","Huckabee said that he and his wife spoiled Sarah at times .","He called her `` doggone tough '' and `` fearless '' due to having grown up with two brothers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8090204575569643794","input":"who is the voice of annie on brainpop jr","passages":[{"title":"BrainPop","text":"Moby the Robot is an orange robot who communicates in beeping noises . The three lights on his chest light up when he beeps , and Tim usually translates what he 's saying . Moby is Tim 's friend but loves to drive him crazy . Moby helps out by fetching things for Tim and asking questions about the topic they are discussing . As a robot , he can do things that people are unable to do , such as changing his hand into a freeze - ray , sending himself back in time , throwing garbage into a black hole in space , removing his head , and using lasers . Some of the movies , such as the Earth , Radar and Milky Way videos , imply that Moby is of an extraterrestrial origin . However , the Leonardo da Vinci movie implies that he was invented by da Vinci .","sentences":["Moby the Robot is an orange robot who communicates in beeping noises .","The three lights on his chest light up when he beeps , and Tim usually translates what he 's saying .","Moby is Tim 's friend but loves to drive him crazy .","Moby helps out by fetching things for Tim and asking questions about the topic they are discussing .","As a robot , he can do things that people are unable to do , such as changing his hand into a freeze - ray , sending himself back in time , throwing garbage into a black hole in space , removing his head , and using lasers .","Some of the movies , such as the Earth , Radar and Milky Way videos , imply that Moby is of an extraterrestrial origin .","However , the Leonardo da Vinci movie implies that he was invented by da Vinci ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1839951321546378377","input":"where does the term monkey's uncle come from","passages":[{"title":"Monkey's uncle","text":"The term monkey 's uncle , most notably seen in the idiom `` ( well ) I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' , is used to express complete surprise , amazement or disbelief . It can also be used to acknowledge the impossibility of a situation , in the same way that `` pigs might fly '' is used . An example is if one says : `` I may agree that if two plus two equals five , then I am a monkey 's uncle '' . `` I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' has been said to date from after 1925 , the date of the widely publicized Scopes Trial in the United States , where the term first appears . The Oxford English Dictionary 's earliest example is the phrase If that 's a joke I 'm a monkey 's uncle , from an Ohio newspaper on 8 February 1925 . It was originally a sarcastic remark made by creationists . The notion `` that ( people ) were descended from apes was considered blasphemous ... by Darwin 's contemporaries '' , and it was for this reason that the sarcastic phrase came into use .","sentences":["The term monkey 's uncle , most notably seen in the idiom ``","( well ) I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' , is used to express complete surprise , amazement or disbelief .","It can also be used to acknowledge the impossibility of a situation , in the same way that `` pigs might fly '' is used .","An example is if one says : `` I may agree that if two plus two equals five , then I am a monkey 's uncle '' .","`` I 'll be a monkey 's uncle '' has been said to date from after 1925 , the date of the widely publicized Scopes Trial in the United States , where the term first appears .","The Oxford English Dictionary 's earliest example is the phrase If that 's a joke I 'm a monkey 's uncle , from an Ohio newspaper on 8 February 1925 .","It was originally a sarcastic remark made by creationists .","The notion `` that ( people ) were descended from apes was considered blasphemous ... by Darwin 's contemporaries '' , and it was for this reason that the sarcastic phrase came into use ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6212758771233929299","input":"why the sound waves are called longitudinal waves","passages":[{"title":"Longitudinal wave","text":"y ( x , t ) = y 0 cos \u2061 ( \u03c9 ( t \u2212 x c ) ) ( \\ displaystyle y ( x , t ) = y_ ( 0 ) \\ cos ( \\ Bigg ( ) \\ omega \\ left ( t - ( \\ frac ( x ) ( c ) ) \\ right ) ( \\ Bigg ) ) )","sentences":["y ( x , t ) = y 0","cos \u2061 ( \u03c9 ( t \u2212 x c ) )","( \\ displaystyle y ( x , t ) = y_","( 0 ) \\ cos ( \\ Bigg ( ) \\ omega \\ left ( t - ( \\ frac ( x ) ( c ) )","\\ right )","( \\ Bigg ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6359249730634353769","input":"who won last season of dancing with the stars","passages":[{"title":"Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 22)","text":"Couple Scores Dance Music Result Ginger & Val 21 ( 7 , 7 , 7 ) Contemporary `` Home '' -- Phillip Phillips Safe Doug & Karina 20 ( 7 , 6 , 7 ) Waltz `` Rainbow Connection '' -- Kermit the Frog Last to be called safe Kim & Sasha 22 ( 8 , 7 , 7 ) Foxtrot The Facts of Life theme -- Al Burton , Gloria Loring & Alan Thicke Safe Von & Witney 20 ( 7 , 6 , 7 ) Contemporary `` In the Air Tonight '' -- Phil Collins Safe Marla & Tony 21 ( 7 , 7 , 7 ) Jive `` Happy '' -- Pharrell Williams Safe Antonio & Sharna 20 ( 7 , 6 , 7 ) Foxtrot `` 7 Years '' -- Lukas Graham Safe Paige & Mark 23 ( 8 , 7 , 8 ) Paso doble `` 300 Violin Orchestra '' -- Jorge Quintero Safe Jodie & Keo 23 ( 8 , 7 , 8 ) Foxtrot `` Rise Up '' -- Andra Day Last to be called safe Mischa & Artem 18 ( 6 , 6 , 6 ) Samba `` Party in the U.S.A. '' -- Miley Cyrus Eliminated Wany\u00e1 & Lindsay 24 ( 8 , 8 , 8 ) Waltz `` The Star - Spangled Banner '' -- Boyz II Men Safe Nyle & Peta 25 ( 8 , 8 , 9 ) Tango `` Verge '' -- Owl City feat . Aloe Blacc Safe","sentences":["Couple Scores Dance Music Result Ginger & Val 21 ( 7 , 7 , 7 ) Contemporary `` Home '' -- Phillip Phillips Safe Doug & Karina 20","( 7 , 6 , 7 ) Waltz `` Rainbow Connection '' --","Kermit the Frog Last to be called safe Kim & Sasha 22 ( 8 , 7 , 7 )","Foxtrot The Facts of Life theme -- Al Burton , Gloria Loring & Alan Thicke Safe Von & Witney 20 ( 7 , 6 , 7 ) Contemporary `` In the Air Tonight '' -- Phil Collins Safe Marla & Tony 21 ( 7 , 7 , 7 ) Jive `` Happy '' --","Pharrell Williams Safe Antonio & Sharna 20 ( 7 , 6 , 7 ) Foxtrot `` 7 Years '' -- Lukas Graham Safe Paige & Mark 23 ( 8 , 7 , 8 ) Paso doble `` 300 Violin Orchestra '' -- Jorge Quintero Safe Jodie & Keo 23 ( 8 , 7 , 8 )","Foxtrot `` Rise Up '' -- Andra Day Last to be called safe Mischa & Artem 18","( 6 , 6 , 6 ) Samba `` Party in the U.S.A. '' -- Miley Cyrus Eliminated Wany\u00e1 & Lindsay 24 ( 8 , 8 , 8 ) Waltz `` The Star - Spangled Banner '' --","Boyz II Men Safe Nyle & Peta 25 ( 8 , 8 , 9 ) Tango `` Verge '' -- Owl City feat .","Aloe Blacc Safe"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2712906805937501802","input":"who does arizona date in grey's anatomy","passages":[{"title":"Arizona Robbins","text":"Following the death of Dr. Jordan Kenley ( John Sloman ) , Chief Webber ( James Pickens , Jr . ) replaces his head of pediatric surgery with Dr. Arizona Robbins , a graduate of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine . Robbins has a romantic interest in orthopedic 5 year resident Callie Torres , ( Sara Ramirez ) later goes on to kiss her . The two embark on a relationship , but when Torres ' father , Carlos ( H\u00e9ctor Elizondo ) , learns of the relationship , he threatens to cut her off financially unless she returns home with him . When Torres ' father returns to Seattle and continues to reject his daughter 's sexuality , Robbins is able to convince him to reconsider . She tells Mr. Torres that her father was able to accept her own sexuality , as she promised him she was still the `` good man in a storm '' he raised her to be , and that Torres is still the same person he raised . Torres is dismayed to learn that Robbins does n't want children , and the two come to a conclusion that they can not continue their relationship , since they both want different things . However , after a shooter enters Seattle Grace with a vendetta for Derek Shepherd ( Patrick Dempsey ) , Lexie Grey ( Chyler Leigh ) , and Richard Webber ( James Pickens , Jr . ) , they are in lockdown together , and the two reconcile .","sentences":["Following the death of Dr. Jordan Kenley ( John Sloman ) , Chief Webber ( James Pickens , Jr . ) replaces his head of pediatric surgery with Dr. Arizona Robbins , a graduate of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine .","Robbins has a romantic interest in orthopedic 5 year resident Callie Torres , ( Sara Ramirez ) later goes on to kiss her .","The two embark on a relationship , but when Torres ' father , Carlos ( H\u00e9ctor Elizondo ) , learns of the relationship , he threatens to cut her off financially unless she returns home with him .","When Torres ' father returns to Seattle and continues to reject his daughter 's sexuality , Robbins is able to convince him to reconsider .","She tells Mr. Torres that her father was able to accept her own sexuality , as she promised him she was still the `` good man in a storm '' he raised her to be , and that Torres is still the same person he raised .","Torres is dismayed to learn that Robbins does n't want children , and the two come to a conclusion that they can not continue their relationship , since they both want different things .","However , after a shooter enters Seattle Grace with a vendetta for Derek Shepherd ( Patrick Dempsey ) , Lexie Grey ( Chyler Leigh ) , and Richard Webber ( James Pickens , Jr . ) , they are in lockdown together , and the two reconcile ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-450924033631076261","input":"where did the name darth vader come from","passages":[{"title":"Darth Vader","text":"Anakin is Obi - Wan 's Padawan apprentice in Star Wars : Episode II -- Attack of the Clones , which takes place 10 years after The Phantom Menace . Having rescued Padm\u00e9 , who is now a senator , from an assassination attempt , Anakin travels with her to Naboo , where they fall in love . Sensing that Shmi is in pain , Anakin travels to Tatooine to rescue her . While there , Anakin learns she was kidnapped by the hostile Tusken Raiders , native to Tatooine . Anakin locates Shmi at the Tusken campsite , where she dies in his arms . Anakin , enraged , massacres the Tuskens and returns to the Lars homestead to bury Shmi . Anakin travels with Padm\u00e9 to Geonosis to rescue Obi - Wan from Sith Lord Count Dooku , Qui - Gon 's old master and leader of the Separatists , a conspiracy of star systems bent on seceding from the Galactic Republic . Dooku captures them , however , and sentences them to death . However , a cadre of Jedi arrives with the Kaminoan clone army to halt their executions . Obi - Wan and Anakin confront Dooku during the ensuing battle , but the Sith Lord beats them both in a lightsaber duel and severs Anakin 's arm . Master Yoda intervenes and rescues the Jedi . By the end of the film , Anakin is fitted with a robotic arm and marries Padm\u00e9 in secret .","sentences":["Anakin is Obi - Wan 's Padawan apprentice in Star Wars : Episode II -- Attack of the Clones , which takes place 10 years after The Phantom Menace .","Having rescued Padm\u00e9 , who is now a senator , from an assassination attempt , Anakin travels with her to Naboo , where they fall in love .","Sensing that Shmi is in pain , Anakin travels to Tatooine to rescue her .","While there , Anakin learns she was kidnapped by the hostile Tusken Raiders , native to Tatooine .","Anakin locates Shmi at the Tusken campsite , where she dies in his arms .","Anakin , enraged , massacres the Tuskens and returns to the Lars homestead to bury Shmi .","Anakin travels with Padm\u00e9 to Geonosis to rescue Obi - Wan from Sith Lord Count Dooku , Qui - Gon 's old master and leader of the Separatists , a conspiracy of star systems bent on seceding from the Galactic Republic .","Dooku captures them , however , and sentences them to death .","However , a cadre of Jedi arrives with the Kaminoan clone army to halt their executions .","Obi - Wan and Anakin confront Dooku during the ensuing battle , but the Sith Lord beats them both in a lightsaber duel and severs Anakin 's arm .","Master Yoda intervenes and rescues the Jedi .","By the end of the film , Anakin is fitted with a robotic arm and marries Padm\u00e9 in secret ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2934581538746911337","input":"what's the difference between wetland and coral reef","passages":[{"title":"Wetland","text":"Prescribed Natural Regeneration There are no biophysical manipulation and the ecosystem is left to recover based on the process of succession alone . The focus of this method is to eliminate and prevent further disturbance from occurring . In order for this type of restoration to be effective and successful there must be prior research done to understand the probability that the wetland will recover with this method . Otherwise , some biophysical manipulation may be required to enhance the rate of succession to an acceptable level determined by the project managers and ecologists . This is likely to be the first method of approach for the lowest level of disturbance being that it is the least intrusive and least costly . Assisted Natural Regeneration There are some biophysical manipulations however they are non-intrusive . Example methods that are not limited to wetlands include prescribed burns to small areas , promotion of site specific soil microbiota and plant growth using nucleation planting whereby plants radiate from an initial planting site , and promotion of niche diversity or increasing the range of niches to promote use by a variety of different species . These methods can make it easier for the natural species to flourish by removing competition from their environment and can speed up the process of succession . Partial Reconstruction Here there is a mix between natural regeneration and manipulated environmental control . These manipulations may require some engineering and more invasive biophysical manipulation including ripping of subsoil , agrichemical applications such as herbicides and insecticides , laying of mulch , mechanical seed dispersal , and tree planting on a large scale . In these circumstances the wetland is impaired and without human assistance it would not recover within an acceptable period of time determine by ecologists . Again these methods of restoration will have to be considered on a site by site basis as each site will require a different approach based on levels of disturbance and ecosystem dynamics . Complete Reconstruction The most expensive and intrusive method of reconstruction requiring engineering and ground up reconstruction . Because there is a redesign of the entire ecosystem it is important that the natural trajectory of the ecosystem be considered and that the plant species will eventually return the ecosystem towards its natural trajectory .","sentences":["Prescribed Natural Regeneration There are no biophysical manipulation and the ecosystem is left to recover based on the process of succession alone .","The focus of this method is to eliminate and prevent further disturbance from occurring .","In order for this type of restoration to be effective and successful there must be prior research done to understand the probability that the wetland will recover with this method .","Otherwise , some biophysical manipulation may be required to enhance the rate of succession to an acceptable level determined by the project managers and ecologists .","This is likely to be the first method of approach for the lowest level of disturbance being that it is the least intrusive and least costly .","Assisted Natural Regeneration","There are some biophysical manipulations however they are non-intrusive .","Example methods that are not limited to wetlands include prescribed burns to small areas , promotion of site specific soil microbiota and plant growth using nucleation planting whereby plants radiate from an initial planting site , and promotion of niche diversity or increasing the range of niches to promote use by a variety of different species .","These methods can make it easier for the natural species to flourish by removing competition from their environment and can speed up the process of succession .","Partial Reconstruction Here there is a mix between natural regeneration and manipulated environmental control .","These manipulations may require some engineering and more invasive biophysical manipulation including ripping of subsoil , agrichemical applications such as herbicides and insecticides , laying of mulch , mechanical seed dispersal , and tree planting on a large scale .","In these circumstances the wetland is impaired and without human assistance it would not recover within an acceptable period of time determine by ecologists .","Again these methods of restoration will have to be considered on a site by site basis as each site will require a different approach based on levels of disturbance and ecosystem dynamics .","Complete Reconstruction The most expensive and intrusive method of reconstruction requiring engineering and ground up reconstruction .","Because there is a redesign of the entire ecosystem it is important that the natural trajectory of the ecosystem be considered and that the plant species will eventually return the ecosystem towards its natural trajectory ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3307760668396415591","input":"where does the phrase brownie points come from","passages":[{"title":"Brownie points","text":"In the 1930s , The Curtis Publishing Company , published several magazines , including the Saturday Evening Post and the Ladies Home Journal . These magazines were distributed to subscribers through a delivery network that used youths , primarily boys , to go around to the individual houses . The boys received a small commission but , in return for meeting certain sales targets , they could also receive company scrip , comprising green and brown vouchers . These vouchers were usually known as `` greenies '' and `` brownies '' . Five greenies equalled one brownie . The greenies and brownies could be redeemed against goods from the company 's catalogue .","sentences":["In the 1930s , The Curtis Publishing Company , published several magazines , including the Saturday Evening Post and the Ladies Home Journal .","These magazines were distributed to subscribers through a delivery network that used youths , primarily boys , to go around to the individual houses .","The boys received a small commission but , in return for meeting certain sales targets , they could also receive company scrip , comprising green and brown vouchers .","These vouchers were usually known as `` greenies '' and `` brownies '' .","Five greenies equalled one brownie .","The greenies and brownies could be redeemed against goods from the company 's catalogue ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9177733833332372917","input":"why do the ninja turtles live in the sewer","passages":[{"title":"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles","text":"Mutant Turtles ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu ) is a 15 - issue series by Tsutomu Oyamada , Zuki mora , and Yoshimi Hamada that simply adapted episodes of the original American animated series . Super Turtles ( \u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba S\u016bp\u0101 T\u0101toruzu ) is a three - issue miniseries by Hidemasa Idemitsu , Tetsur\u014d Kawade , and Toshio Kud\u014d that featured the `` TMNT Supermutants '' Turtle toys that were on sale at the time . The first volume of the anime miniseries followed this storyline . Mutant Turtles Gaiden ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba \u5916\u4f1d , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu Gaiden ) by Hiroshi Kanno is a reinterpretation of the Turtles story with no connection to the previous manga . Mutant Turtles III ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba 3 , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu Tsuri ) is Yasuhiko Hachino 's adaptation of the third feature film . Mutant Turtles ' 95 ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba 95 , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu Ky\u016bj\u016bgo ) is a 1995 series by Ogata Nobu which ran in Comic BomBom . Mutant Turtles ' 96 ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba 96 , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu Ky\u016bj\u016broku ) is a continuation of the 1995 series when it continued to run through 1996 .","sentences":["Mutant Turtles ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu ) is a 15 - issue series by Tsutomu Oyamada , Zuki mora , and Yoshimi Hamada that simply adapted episodes of the original American animated series .","Super Turtles ( \u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba S\u016bp\u0101 T\u0101toruzu ) is a three - issue miniseries by Hidemasa Idemitsu , Tetsur\u014d Kawade , and Toshio Kud\u014d that featured the `` TMNT Supermutants '' Turtle toys that were on sale at the time .","The first volume of the anime miniseries followed this storyline .","Mutant Turtles Gaiden ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba \u5916\u4f1d , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu Gaiden ) by Hiroshi Kanno is a reinterpretation of the Turtles story with no connection to the previous manga .","Mutant Turtles III ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba 3 , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu Tsuri ) is Yasuhiko Hachino 's adaptation of the third feature film .","Mutant Turtles ' 95 ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba 95 , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu Ky\u016bj\u016bgo ) is a 1995 series by Ogata Nobu which ran in Comic BomBom .","Mutant Turtles ' 96 ( \u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30f3\u30c8 \u30fb \u30bf\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u30ba 96 , My\u016btanto T\u0101toruzu Ky\u016bj\u016broku ) is a continuation of the 1995 series when it continued to run through 1996 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8528940008320350544","input":"when do gas stations stop selling alcohol in arkansas","passages":[{"title":"List of alcohol laws of the United States","text":"Alabama Yes Prohibited between midnight until noon on Sundays in some counties . Private clubs , which require a membership fee and a membership card , have no day or time restrictions . Yes No 21 21 No exceptions to the law 13.9 % ABV cap on beer Beer containers may not exceed 25.4 ounces ( 0.75 l ) ABV > 14.9 % wine sold in state stores Alcohol may be served 24 hours a day unless restricted by local ordinances . Twenty - six of Alabama 's 67 counties do not allow the sale of alcohol . However , possession and consumption remain legal within those 26 counties . Of the 26 `` dry '' counties , 23 have at least one `` wet '' city ; these are considered `` moist '' dry counties . Within those 23 counties there are 43 wet cities . State law allows any city with a population greater than 1,000 located within a dry county to `` go wet '' if a referendum is passed by 50 % of voters . State retains monopoly over wholesaling of distilled spirits only . Distilled spirits ( liquor ) are purchasable in either state - owned retail liquor stores , known as ABC Stores , or privately - owned retail liquor stores . Privately - owned retail liquor stores tend to be open on Sundays , public ( federal & state ) holidays , and later hours than state - owned liquor stores .","sentences":["Alabama Yes Prohibited between midnight until noon on Sundays in some counties .","Private clubs , which require a membership fee and a membership card , have no day or time restrictions .","Yes No 21 21","No exceptions to the law 13.9 % ABV cap on beer Beer containers may not exceed 25.4 ounces ( 0.75 l ) ABV > 14.9 % wine sold in state stores Alcohol may be served 24 hours a day unless restricted by local ordinances .","Twenty - six of Alabama 's 67 counties do not allow the sale of alcohol .","However , possession and consumption remain legal within those 26 counties .","Of the 26 `` dry '' counties , 23 have at least one `` wet '' city ; these are considered `` moist '' dry counties .","Within those 23 counties there are 43 wet cities .","State law allows any city with a population greater than 1,000 located within a dry county to `` go wet '' if a referendum is passed by 50 % of voters .","State retains monopoly over wholesaling of distilled spirits only .","Distilled spirits ( liquor ) are purchasable in either state - owned retail liquor stores , known as ABC Stores , or privately - owned retail liquor stores .","Privately - owned retail liquor stores tend to be open on Sundays , public ( federal & state ) holidays , and later hours than state - owned liquor stores ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2050430572274474544","input":"where did the saints win their last super bowl","passages":[{"title":"Super Bowl XLIV","text":"Perennial Super Bowl advertisers Anheuser -- Busch InBev and CareerBuilder stated their commitment to advertise in Super Bowl XLIV , showing eight and two different spots during the game , respectively . A 30 - second spot cost US $ 2.8 million with several advertisers getting discounts , down from the previous year 's $3 million . All advertising slots were sold out on February 1 , 2010 , six days before the game . Pepsi - Cola had previously stated their commitment to advertise , but then said they would not be buying any commercial time , marking the first time in 23 years that Pepsi did not run an ad during the Super Bowl itself . FedEx also stated that they would not buy ad time . Both Pepsi and FedEx are official NFL sponsors . Coca - Cola and Dr Pepper Snapple Group capitalized on Pepsi 's absence by buying ads in the game ; Dr Pepper 's ad featured KISS performing `` Calling Dr. Love '' , while one of Coca - Cola 's three ads featured Montgomery Burns ( of FOX 's The Simpsons ) losing everything he owns . Also for the second straight year , one of the Big Three American automobile makers -- General Motors -- did not have a commercial in the game . Ford had one commercial for the Ford Edge featuring Mike Rowe . Chrysler 's Dodge brand did advertise this year for its Dodge Charger , narrated by Michael C. Hall . What","sentences":["Perennial Super Bowl advertisers Anheuser -- Busch InBev and CareerBuilder stated their commitment to advertise in Super Bowl XLIV , showing eight and two different spots during the game , respectively .","A 30 - second spot cost US $ 2.8 million with several advertisers getting discounts , down from the previous year 's $3 million .","All advertising slots were sold out on February 1 , 2010 , six days before the game .","Pepsi - Cola had previously stated their commitment to advertise , but then said they would not be buying any commercial time , marking the first time in 23 years that Pepsi did not run an ad during the Super Bowl itself .","FedEx also stated that they would not buy ad time .","Both Pepsi and FedEx are official NFL sponsors .","Coca - Cola and Dr Pepper Snapple Group capitalized on Pepsi 's absence by buying ads in the game ; Dr Pepper 's ad featured KISS performing `` Calling Dr. Love '' , while one of Coca - Cola 's three ads featured Montgomery Burns ( of FOX 's The Simpsons ) losing everything he owns .","Also for the second straight year , one of the Big Three American automobile makers -- General Motors -- did not have a commercial in the game .","Ford had one commercial for the Ford Edge featuring Mike Rowe .","Chrysler 's Dodge brand did advertise this year for its Dodge Charger , narrated by Michael C. Hall .","What"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3211978884868614388","input":"what are the odds of flipping four heads in a row","passages":[{"title":"Gambler's fallacy","text":"It does appear , however , that an individual 's susceptibility to the gambler 's fallacy decreases with age . Fischbein and Schnarch ( 1997 ) administered a questionnaire to five groups : students in grades 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , and college students specializing in teaching mathematics . None of the participants had received any prior education regarding probability . The question was , `` Ronni flipped a coin three times and in all cases heads came up . Ronni intends to flip the coin again . What is the chance of getting heads the fourth time ? '' The results indicated that as the older the students got , the less likely they were to answer with `` smaller than the chance of getting tails '' , which would indicate a negative recency effect . 35 % of the 5th graders , 35 % of the 7th graders , and 20 % of the 9th graders exhibited the negative recency effect . Only 10 % of the 11th graders answered this way , however , and none of the college students did . Fischbein and Schnarch therefore theorized that an individual 's tendency to rely on the representativeness heuristic and other cognitive biases can be overcome with age .","sentences":["It does appear , however , that an individual 's susceptibility to the gambler 's fallacy decreases with age .","Fischbein and Schnarch ( 1997 ) administered a questionnaire to five groups : students in grades 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , and college students specializing in teaching mathematics .","None of the participants had received any prior education regarding probability .","The question was , `` Ronni flipped a coin three times and in all cases heads came up .","Ronni intends to flip the coin again .","What is the chance of getting heads the fourth time ? ''","The results indicated that as the older the students got , the less likely they were to answer with `` smaller than the chance of getting tails '' , which would indicate a negative recency effect .","35 % of the 5th graders , 35 % of the 7th graders , and 20 % of the 9th graders exhibited the negative recency effect .","Only 10 % of the 11th graders answered this way , however , and none of the college students did .","Fischbein and Schnarch therefore theorized that an individual 's tendency to rely on the representativeness heuristic and other cognitive biases can be overcome with age ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4657588194725378883","input":"how old is everyone in season 1 of shameless","passages":[{"title":"List of Shameless (U.S. TV series) characters","text":"Jody Silverman ( Zach McGowan ) is a recurring character in season 2 and a regular character in season 3 ) is a man Karen meets at Sex Addicts Anonymous and later marries . Jody is good - natured , if somewhat absent - minded . He is a keen tattoo artist , often looking for work . Jody adores Sheila and calls her Mom . Through the middle of season 2 after Karen has her baby and runs away , Jody begins a romantic and sexual relationship with Sheila but subtly ends after Sheila urges him that he is truly right for Karen . Eventually he and Karen leave Chicago to travel to Arizona .","sentences":["Jody Silverman ( Zach McGowan ) is a recurring character in season 2 and a regular character in season 3 ) is a man Karen meets at Sex Addicts Anonymous and later marries .","Jody is good - natured , if somewhat absent - minded .","He is a keen tattoo artist , often looking for work .","Jody adores Sheila and calls her Mom .","Through the middle of season 2 after Karen has her baby and runs away , Jody begins a romantic and sexual relationship with Sheila but subtly ends after Sheila urges him that he is truly right for Karen .","Eventually he and Karen leave Chicago to travel to Arizona ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1919528801904896955","input":"is the gulf of mexico salt water or fresh water","passages":[{"title":"Gulf of Mexico","text":"The Gulf contains a hypoxic dead zone that runs east - west along the Texas - Louisiana coastline . In July 2008 , researchers reported that between 1985 and 2008 , the area roughly doubled in size and now stretches from near Galveston , Texas , to near Venice , Louisiana . It is now about 8,000 square miles ( 21,000 km ) , nearly the record . Poor agricultural practices in the northern portion of the Gulf of Mexico have led to a tremendous increase of nitrogen and phosphorus in neighboring marine ecosystems , which has resulted in algae blooms and a lack of available oxygen . Occurrences of masculinization and estrogen suppression were observed as a result . An October 2007 study of the Atlantic croaker found a disproportioned sex ratio of 61 % males to 39 % females in hypoxic Gulf sites . This was compared with a 52 % to 48 % male - female ratio found in reference sites , showing an impairment of reproductive output for fish populations inhabiting hypoxic coastal zones .","sentences":["The Gulf contains a hypoxic dead zone that runs east - west along the Texas - Louisiana coastline .","In July 2008 , researchers reported that between 1985 and 2008 , the area roughly doubled in size and now stretches from near Galveston , Texas , to near Venice , Louisiana .","It is now about 8,000 square miles ( 21,000 km ) , nearly the record .","Poor agricultural practices in the northern portion of the Gulf of Mexico have led to a tremendous increase of nitrogen and phosphorus in neighboring marine ecosystems , which has resulted in algae blooms and a lack of available oxygen .","Occurrences of masculinization and estrogen suppression were observed as a result .","An October 2007 study of the Atlantic croaker found a disproportioned sex ratio of 61 % males to 39 % females in hypoxic Gulf sites .","This was compared with a 52 % to 48 % male - female ratio found in reference sites , showing an impairment of reproductive output for fish populations inhabiting hypoxic coastal zones ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6161557163328184818","input":"what do chin ups and pull ups work","passages":[{"title":"Chin-up","text":"Chin - up bars are playground equipment that were once ubiquitous on children 's playgrounds . They are still important in the adult equivalent of a playground , the Par course . A chin - up bar is simply a smooth horizontal metal bar , often a pipe , held solidly above ground by a wooden or metal frame . Typical installations include 2 or 3 different heights of bars for people of different heights . Chin up bars are also a part of a home gym setup . Types of chin - up bars include doorway - mounted , wall - mounted , ceiling - mounted and free - standing .","sentences":["Chin - up bars are playground equipment that were once ubiquitous on children 's playgrounds .","They are still important in the adult equivalent of a playground , the Par course .","A chin - up bar is simply a smooth horizontal metal bar , often a pipe , held solidly above ground by a wooden or metal frame .","Typical installations include 2 or 3 different heights of bars for people of different heights .","Chin up bars are also a part of a home gym setup .","Types of chin - up bars include doorway - mounted , wall - mounted , ceiling - mounted and free - standing ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3423767843600533336","input":"where was journey to the center of the earth written","passages":[{"title":"Journey to the Center of the Earth","text":"The travellers continue to explore the coastline , and find a passageway marked by Saknussemm as the way ahead . However , it is blocked by what appears to be a recent cave - in and two of the three , Hans and the Professor , despair at being unable to hack their way through the granite wall . The adventurers plan to blast the rock with gun cotton and paddle out to sea to escape the blast . Upon executing the plan , however , they discover that behind the rockfall was a seemingly bottomless pit , not a passage to the center of the Earth . The travellers are swept away as the sea rushes into the large open gap in the ground . After spending hours being swept along at lightning speeds by the water , the raft ends up inside a large volcanic chimney filling with water and magma . Terrified , the three are rushed upwards , through stifling heat , and are ejected onto the surface from a side - vent of a stratovolcano . When they regain consciousness , they discover that they have been ejected from Stromboli , a volcanic island located in southern Italy . They return to Hamburg to great acclaim -- Professor Lidenbrock is hailed as one of the great scientists of history , Axel marries his sweetheart Gr\u00e4uben , and Hans eventually returns to his peaceful life in Iceland . The Professor has some regret that their journey was cut short .","sentences":["The travellers continue to explore the coastline , and find a passageway marked by Saknussemm as the way ahead .","However , it is blocked by what appears to be a recent cave - in and two of the three , Hans and the Professor , despair at being unable to hack their way through the granite wall .","The adventurers plan to blast the rock with gun cotton and paddle out to sea to escape the blast .","Upon executing the plan , however , they discover that behind the rockfall was a seemingly bottomless pit , not a passage to the center of the Earth .","The travellers are swept away as the sea rushes into the large open gap in the ground .","After spending hours being swept along at lightning speeds by the water , the raft ends up inside a large volcanic chimney filling with water and magma .","Terrified , the three are rushed upwards , through stifling heat , and are ejected onto the surface from a side - vent of a stratovolcano .","When they regain consciousness , they discover that they have been ejected from Stromboli , a volcanic island located in southern Italy .","They return to Hamburg to great acclaim -- Professor Lidenbrock is hailed as one of the great scientists of history , Axel marries his sweetheart Gr\u00e4uben , and Hans eventually returns to his peaceful life in Iceland .","The Professor has some regret that their journey was cut short ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7424828630334058942","input":"how did religious changes in europe and piracy lead to the founding of st. augustine","passages":[{"title":"St. Augustine, Florida","text":"Average low \u00b0 F ( \u00b0 C ) 46 ( 8 ) 49 ( 9 ) 53 ( 12 ) 58 ( 14 ) 65 ( 18 ) 71 ( 22 ) 72 ( 22 ) 73 ( 23 ) 71 ( 22 ) 65 ( 18 ) 56 ( 13 ) 49 ( 9 ) 61 ( 16 )","sentences":["Average low \u00b0 F ( \u00b0 C )","46 ( 8 ) 49","( 9 ) 53 ( 12 ) 58 ( 14 ) 65 ( 18 ) 71 ( 22 ) 72","( 22 ) 73 ( 23 ) 71 ( 22 ) 65","( 18 ) 56 ( 13 ) 49","( 9 ) 61 ( 16 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8429894302579711478","input":"what cycle of readings is the catholic church on","passages":[{"title":"Lectionary","text":"By the Medieval era the Jewish community had a standardized schedule of scripture readings both from the Torah and the prophets to be read in the synagogue . A sequential selection was read from the Torah , followed by the `` haftarah '' -- a selection from the prophetic books or historical narratives ( e.g. `` Judges , '' `` Kings , '' etc . ) closely linked to the selection from the Torah . Jesus may have read a providentially `` random '' reading when he read from Isaiah 61 : 1 - 2 , as recorded in Luke 4 : 16 - 21 , when he inaugurated his public ministry . The early Christians adopted the Jewish custom of reading extracts from the Old Testament on the Sabbath . They soon added extracts from the writings of the Apostles and Evangelists .","sentences":["By the Medieval era the Jewish community had a standardized schedule of scripture readings both from the Torah and the prophets to be read in the synagogue .","A sequential selection was read from the Torah , followed by the `` haftarah '' -- a selection from the prophetic books or historical narratives ( e.g. `` Judges , '' `` Kings , '' etc . )","closely linked to the selection from the Torah .","Jesus may have read a providentially `` random '' reading when he read from Isaiah 61 : 1 - 2 , as recorded in Luke 4 : 16 - 21 , when he inaugurated his public ministry .","The early Christians adopted the Jewish custom of reading extracts from the Old Testament on the Sabbath .","They soon added extracts from the writings of the Apostles and Evangelists ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6880993492742848139","input":"how many types of bank cards are there","passages":[{"title":"Payment card","text":"Originally charge account identification was paper - based . In 1959 American Express was the first charge card operator to issue embossed plastic cards which enabled cards to be manually imprinted for processing , making processing faster and reducing transcription errors . Other credit card issuers followed suit . The information typically embossed are the bank card number , card expiry date and cardholder 's name . Though the imprinting method has been predominantly superseded by the magnetic stripe and then by the integrated chip , cards continue to be embossed in case a transaction needs to be processed manually . Under manual processing , cardholder verification was by the cardholder signing the payment voucher after which the merchant would check the signature against the cardholder 's signature on the back of the card . Cards conform to the ISO \/ IEC 7810 ID - 1 standard , ISO \/ IEC 7811 on embossing , and the ISO \/ IEC 7812 card numbering standard .","sentences":["Originally charge account identification was paper - based .","In 1959 American Express was the first charge card operator to issue embossed plastic cards which enabled cards to be manually imprinted for processing , making processing faster and reducing transcription errors .","Other credit card issuers followed suit .","The information typically embossed are the bank card number , card expiry date and cardholder 's name .","Though the imprinting method has been predominantly superseded by the magnetic stripe and then by the integrated chip , cards continue to be embossed in case a transaction needs to be processed manually .","Under manual processing , cardholder verification was by the cardholder signing the payment voucher after which the merchant would check the signature against the cardholder 's signature on the back of the card .","Cards conform to the ISO \/ IEC 7810 ID - 1 standard , ISO \/ IEC 7811 on embossing , and the ISO \/ IEC 7812 card numbering standard ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1610949806786942575","input":"what is the difference between king and lord","passages":[{"title":"Lord","text":"Justices of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom not holding peerages , who are addressed as if they were life peers by Royal Warrant . Wives of male justices who are not peers are addressed as if they were wives of peers . These forms of address are applicable both in court and in social contexts . Judges of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales , known as ' Lord Justices of Appeal ' . Judges of the Scottish Court of Session , known as ' Lords of Council and Session ' . Justices of the Canadian provincial Supreme Courts , addressed in Court as `` My Lord '' or `` My Lady '' and referred to in legal literature as `` Lordships '' or `` Ladyships '' . Judges of the Supreme Court of India and the High Courts of India , who are addressed as `` My Lord '' in court . The Bar Council of India however calls upon lawyers to give up this practice of addressing judges as ' lords ' .","sentences":["Justices of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom not holding peerages , who are addressed as if they were life peers by Royal Warrant .","Wives of male justices who are not peers are addressed as if they were wives of peers .","These forms of address are applicable both in court and in social contexts .","Judges of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales , known as ' Lord Justices of Appeal ' .","Judges of the Scottish Court of Session , known as ' Lords of Council and Session ' .","Justices of the Canadian provincial Supreme Courts , addressed in Court as `` My Lord '' or `` My Lady '' and referred to in legal literature as `` Lordships '' or `` Ladyships '' .","Judges of the Supreme Court of India and the High Courts of India , who are addressed as `` My Lord '' in court .","The Bar Council of India however calls upon lawyers to give up this practice of addressing judges as ' lords ' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6836463605422044346","input":"what was the causes of non cooperation movement","passages":[{"title":"Non-cooperation movement","text":"The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase of the Indian independence movement from British rule . It was led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre . It aimed to resist British rule in India through non-violent means , or `` Ahinsa '' . Protesters would refuse to buy British goods , adopt the use of local handcrafts and picket liquor shops . The ideas of Ahinsa and nonviolence , and Gandhi 's ability to rally hundreds of thousands of common citizens towards the cause of Indian independence , were first seen on a large scale in this movement through the summer of 1920 . Gandhi feared that the movement might lead to popular violence . The non-cooperation movement was launched on 1 August 1920 .","sentences":["The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase of the Indian independence movement from British rule .","It was led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre .","It aimed to resist British rule in India through non-violent means , or `` Ahinsa '' .","Protesters would refuse to buy British goods , adopt the use of local handcrafts and picket liquor shops .","The ideas of Ahinsa and nonviolence , and Gandhi 's ability to rally hundreds of thousands of common citizens towards the cause of Indian independence , were first seen on a large scale in this movement through the summer of 1920 .","Gandhi feared that the movement might lead to popular violence .","The non-cooperation movement was launched on 1 August 1920 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2747795725857254236","input":"who gave the order for the romanov family to be executed","passages":[{"title":"Execution of the Romanov family","text":"Over the years , a number of people claimed to be survivors of the ill - fated family . In May 1979 , the remains of most of the family and their retainers were found by amateur enthusiasts , who kept the discovery secret until the collapse of Communism . In July 1991 , the bodies of five family members ( the Tsar , Tsarina , and three of their daughters ) were exhumed . After forensic examination and DNA identification , the bodies were laid to rest with state honors in the St. Catherine Chapel of the Peter and Paul Cathedral in Saint Petersburg , where most other Russian monarchs since Peter the Great lie . Boris Yeltsin and his wife attended the funeral along with Romanov relations , including Prince Michael of Kent . The remaining two bodies of Tsesarevich Alexei and one of his sisters were discovered in 2007 .","sentences":["Over the years , a number of people claimed to be survivors of the ill - fated family .","In May 1979 , the remains of most of the family and their retainers were found by amateur enthusiasts , who kept the discovery secret until the collapse of Communism .","In July 1991 , the bodies of five family members ( the Tsar , Tsarina , and three of their daughters ) were exhumed .","After forensic examination and DNA identification , the bodies were laid to rest with state honors in the St. Catherine Chapel of the Peter and Paul Cathedral in Saint Petersburg , where most other Russian monarchs since Peter the Great lie .","Boris Yeltsin and his wife attended the funeral along with Romanov relations , including Prince Michael of Kent .","The remaining two bodies of Tsesarevich Alexei and one of his sisters were discovered in 2007 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"211716947097653478","input":"who does blair lose her virginity to in the books","passages":[{"title":"Jenny Humphrey","text":"At Rufus 's suggestion , Eleanor reemploys Jenny to help out with her upcoming fashion show . Jenny is happy to be back , but is shocked to learn that one of the models she 'll be working with is Agnes , who , after the show finishes , takes revenge on Jenny by drugging her and leaving her in a bar to be taken advantage of . Nate rescues Jenny before anything happens to her . Because of this , Jenny 's feelings for Nate reawaken and she aspires to win him over . She tries to kiss him but he resists her advances because he sees her only as a friend and because he is dating Serena . Jenny attempts to sabotage Serena and Nate 's relationship by lying to Serena and implying to Nate that she is having an affair with Carter Baizen . Jenny 's attempts fail , and her relationship with both is left tenuous after Nate kicks her out of his apartment .","sentences":["At Rufus 's suggestion , Eleanor reemploys Jenny to help out with her upcoming fashion show .","Jenny is happy to be back , but is shocked to learn that one of the models she 'll be working with is Agnes , who , after the show finishes , takes revenge on Jenny by drugging her and leaving her in a bar to be taken advantage of .","Nate rescues Jenny before anything happens to her .","Because of this , Jenny 's feelings for Nate reawaken and she aspires to win him over .","She tries to kiss him but he resists her advances because he sees her only as a friend and because he is dating Serena .","Jenny attempts to sabotage Serena and Nate 's relationship by lying to Serena and implying to Nate that she is having an affair with Carter Baizen .","Jenny 's attempts fail , and her relationship with both is left tenuous after Nate kicks her out of his apartment ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5757581482938787","input":"who has lebron james played in the nba finals","passages":[{"title":"LeBron James","text":"At the beginning of James ' career , he was considered a poor defensive player , but he improved steadily through the years . Near the end of his first tenure in Cleveland , he became proficient at the chase - down block ; coming in from behind the opposition in transition to block their shot . In Miami , he developed into a more versatile defender , and the Heat relied on him to guard all five positions . Paired with teammates Shane Battier and Dwyane Wade , Miami used James in an ultra-aggressive defensive scheme , with James cheating off the ball to help out inside or get into rebounding position . Beginning in 2014 , some analysts noted a regression in his defensive impact , stemming from a lack of effort and expected age - related declines . James himself admitted to taking plays off at times , referring to this approach as `` chill mode '' . Writing for ESPN in 2016 , Nate Duncan observed that while James tended to take off more plays than in his younger days , he was able to raise his level in that year 's Finals and temporarily recapture his Miami form .","sentences":["At the beginning of James ' career , he was considered a poor defensive player , but he improved steadily through the years .","Near the end of his first tenure in Cleveland , he became proficient at the chase - down block ; coming in from behind the opposition in transition to block their shot .","In Miami , he developed into a more versatile defender , and the Heat relied on him to guard all five positions .","Paired with teammates Shane Battier and Dwyane Wade , Miami used James in an ultra-aggressive defensive scheme , with James cheating off the ball to help out inside or get into rebounding position .","Beginning in 2014 , some analysts noted a regression in his defensive impact , stemming from a lack of effort and expected age - related declines .","James himself admitted to taking plays off at times , referring to this approach as `` chill mode '' .","Writing for ESPN in 2016 , Nate Duncan observed that while James tended to take off more plays than in his younger days , he was able to raise his level in that year 's Finals and temporarily recapture his Miami form ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3871931414177087473","input":"what would you do at this moment lyrics","passages":[{"title":"At This Moment","text":"Then , when the song was included on several episodes of the NBC sitcom Family Ties during the 1985 - 86 season as the love song associated with Alex P. Keaton ( played by Michael J. Fox ) and his girlfriend Ellen Reed ( played by Tracy Pollan , whom Fox eventually married in real life ) , the exposure renewed interest in the song . Reissue label Rhino Records purchased the track from the band 's original record label , Alfa ( the American subsidiary of which was by then inactive ) , and re-released it in its original version as Rhino 74403 . The tune then began a revived chart run , eventually hitting # 1 on both the Billboard Hot 100 and Adult Contemporary charts in January 1987 . The song also hit the Billboard R&B Chart and the Billboard Hot Country Chart . As the song was starting to take off it came to the attention of Ron Carpentier President of RCI Music Promotion who was hired on the promotion of the song to radio and soon after the song hit the Billboard Hot Country Chart . It quickly sold over a million copies in the United States , becoming one of the last Gold - certified singles in the 45 RPM format . The song crossed over to the R&B and Country formats , reaching # 40 Country .","sentences":["Then , when the song was included on several episodes of the NBC sitcom Family Ties during the 1985 - 86 season as the love song associated with Alex P. Keaton ( played by Michael J. Fox ) and his girlfriend Ellen Reed ( played by Tracy Pollan , whom Fox eventually married in real life ) , the exposure renewed interest in the song .","Reissue label Rhino Records purchased the track from the band 's original record label , Alfa ( the American subsidiary of which was by then inactive ) , and re-released it in its original version as Rhino 74403 .","The tune then began a revived chart run , eventually hitting # 1 on both the Billboard Hot 100 and Adult Contemporary charts in January 1987 .","The song also hit the Billboard R&B Chart and the Billboard Hot Country Chart .","As the song was starting to take off it came to the attention of Ron Carpentier President of RCI Music Promotion who was hired on the promotion of the song to radio and soon after the song hit the Billboard Hot Country Chart .","It quickly sold over a million copies in the United States , becoming one of the last Gold - certified singles in the 45 RPM format .","The song crossed over to the R&B and Country formats , reaching # 40 Country ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4340076559934318990","input":"what episode is the tournament in dragon ball","passages":[{"title":"List of Dragon Ball episodes","text":"100 `` Life ? ! Death ? ! A Last Resort '' \/ `` The Spirit Cannon '' `` Sei ka Shi ka ! ? Saigo no Shudan '' ( \u751f\u304b \u6b7b \u304b ! ? \u6700\u5f8c \u306e \u624b\u6bb5 ) Katsumi Aoshima February 10 , 1988 December 30 , 2002","sentences":["100 `` Life ? !","Death ? !","A Last Resort '' \/ `` The Spirit Cannon '' `` Sei ka Shi ka ! ?","Saigo no Shudan '' ( \u751f\u304b \u6b7b \u304b ! ?","\u6700\u5f8c \u306e \u624b\u6bb5 )","Katsumi Aoshima February 10 , 1988 December 30 , 2002"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5501248709394829351","input":"what does the constitution say about debts constructed before the adoption of the constitution","passages":[{"title":"History of the United States Constitution","text":"This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( October 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) John","sentences":["This section needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( October 2015 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","John"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3661366923272054137","input":"can you take the bar exam in florida without going to law school","passages":[{"title":"Admission to the bar in the United States","text":"Pass a bar examination , usually administered by the state bar association or under the authority of the supreme court of the particular state . As of June 2015 , 16 jurisdictions have adopted the Uniform Bar Examination ( UBE ) . Missouri and North Dakota were the first two states to administer the UBE , doing so in February 2011 . Since then , Alabama , Alaska , Arizona , Colorado , Idaho , Kansas , Minnesota , Montana , Nebraska , New Hampshire , New York , Utah , Washington , and Wyoming have adopted and administered the UBE . According to the National Conference of Bar Examiners ( NCBE ) , which prepares the UBE , it is intended to `` test knowledge and skills that every lawyer should be able to demonstrate prior to becoming licensed to practice law '' , and `` is uniformly administered , graded , and scored by user jurisdictions and results in a portable score . '' UBE jurisdictions are allowed to additionally test candidates ' knowledge of state - specific law , through either a test or course . The UBE consists of three parts : The Multistate Bar Examination ( MBE ) , a standardized test consisting of 200 multiple - choice questions covering seven ( 7 ) key areas of law : Constitutional law , Contracts , Criminal law and Procedure , Federal Rules of Civil Procedure , Federal Rules of Evidence , Real Property and Torts . Examinees have three ( 3 ) hours to answer 100 questions in a morning session and the same for an afternoon session . The MBE is administered on the last Wednesday in February and July . The Multistate Essay Examination ( MEE ) , a uniform though not standardized test that examines a candidate 's ability to analyze legal issues and communicate them effectively in writing . The NCBE provides nine possible MEE questions for each bar exam administration ; the UBE uses six of these . This exam is administered on the last Tuesday of each February and July . Topics range from the seven MBE topics above , and include Business law ( Agency , Corporations , LLC and Partnerships ) , Commercial law ( Commercial paper , Secured Transactions and the Uniformed Commercial Code ( UCC ) ) , Conflicts of law , Estates and Probate ( Trusts and Wills ) , and Family Law . The Multistate Performance Test ( MPT ) , a `` closed - universe '' test in which each candidate is required to perform a standard lawyering task , such as a memo or brief . The candidate is provided with a case file and a `` library '' which contains all of the substantive law required to perform the task ( plus some non-relevant material ) . The MPT is administered on the last Tuesday in each February and July . The NCBE provides two MPT questions for each administration ; the UBE uses both . In states that do not use the UBE , the examination usually follows a similar format : The MBE is currently required in all jurisdictions except Louisiana and Puerto Rico . The most recent state to adopt the MBE was Washington , which began using the MBE when it adopted the UBE in July 2013 . In jurisdictions that do not use the MPRE , candidates must pass a professional responsibility ( `` ethics '' ) exam included as part of the main bar exam . Some states , such as Michigan , employ the MPRE and include ethics questions in their main exam . State - specific content is usually included in the examination , such as essays in Washington , Minnesota and Massachusetts . Some states , such as Florida , include both essays and multiple - choice questions in their state - specific sections ; Virginia uses full essays and short - answer questions in its state - specific section .","sentences":["Pass a bar examination , usually administered by the state bar association or under the authority of the supreme court of the particular state .","As of June 2015 , 16 jurisdictions have adopted the Uniform Bar Examination ( UBE ) .","Missouri and North Dakota were the first two states to administer the UBE , doing so in February 2011 .","Since then , Alabama , Alaska , Arizona , Colorado , Idaho , Kansas , Minnesota , Montana , Nebraska , New Hampshire , New York , Utah , Washington , and Wyoming have adopted and administered the UBE .","According to the National Conference of Bar Examiners ( NCBE ) , which prepares the UBE , it is intended to `` test knowledge and skills that every lawyer should be able to demonstrate prior to becoming licensed to practice law '' , and `` is uniformly administered , graded , and scored by user jurisdictions and results in a portable score . ''","UBE jurisdictions are allowed to additionally test candidates ' knowledge of state - specific law , through either a test or course .","The UBE consists of three parts : The Multistate Bar Examination ( MBE ) , a standardized test consisting of 200 multiple - choice questions covering seven ( 7 ) key areas of law : Constitutional law , Contracts , Criminal law and Procedure , Federal Rules of Civil Procedure , Federal Rules of Evidence , Real Property and Torts .","Examinees have three ( 3 ) hours to answer 100 questions in a morning session and the same for an afternoon session .","The MBE is administered on the last Wednesday in February and July .","The Multistate Essay Examination ( MEE ) , a uniform though not standardized test that examines a candidate 's ability to analyze legal issues and communicate them effectively in writing .","The NCBE provides nine possible MEE questions for each bar exam administration ; the UBE uses six of these .","This exam is administered on the last Tuesday of each February and July .","Topics range from the seven MBE topics above , and include Business law ( Agency , Corporations , LLC and Partnerships ) , Commercial law ( Commercial paper , Secured Transactions and the Uniformed Commercial Code ( UCC ) ) , Conflicts of law , Estates and Probate ( Trusts and Wills ) , and Family Law .","The Multistate Performance Test ( MPT ) , a `` closed - universe '' test in which each candidate is required to perform a standard lawyering task , such as a memo or brief .","The candidate is provided with a case file and a `` library '' which contains all of the substantive law required to perform the task ( plus some non-relevant material ) .","The MPT is administered on the last Tuesday in each February and July .","The NCBE provides two MPT questions for each administration ; the UBE uses both .","In states that do not use the UBE , the examination usually follows a similar format : The MBE is currently required in all jurisdictions except Louisiana and Puerto Rico .","The most recent state to adopt the MBE was Washington , which began using the MBE when it adopted the UBE in July 2013 .","In jurisdictions that do not use the MPRE , candidates must pass a professional responsibility ( `` ethics '' )","exam included as part of the main bar exam .","Some states , such as Michigan , employ the MPRE and include ethics questions in their main exam .","State - specific content is usually included in the examination , such as essays in Washington , Minnesota and Massachusetts .","Some states , such as Florida , include both essays and multiple - choice questions in their state - specific sections ; Virginia uses full essays and short - answer questions in its state - specific section ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3211473997945711152","input":"what is the belief of the russian orthodox church","passages":[{"title":"Russian Orthodox Church","text":"There occurred strident conflicts with the Ecumenical Patriarchate , most notably over the Orthodox Church in Estonia in the mid-1990s , which resulted in unilateral suspension of eucharistic relationship between the churches by the ROC . The tension lingered on and could be observed at the meeting in Ravenna in early October 2007 of participants in the Orthodox -- Catholic Dialogue : the representative of the Moscow Patriarchate , Bishop Hilarion Alfeyev , walked out of the meeting due to the presence of representatives from the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church which is in the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate . At the meeting , prior to the departure of the Russian delegation , there were also substantive disagreements about the wording of a proposed joint statement among the Orthodox representatives . After the departure of the Russian delegation , the remaining Orthodox delegates approved the form which had been advocated by the representatives of the Ecumenical Patriarchate . The Ecumenical See 's representative in Ravenna said that Hilarion 's position `` should be seen as an expression of authoritarianism whose goal is to exhibit the influence of the Moscow Church . But like last year in Belgrade , all Moscow achieved was to isolate itself once more since no other Orthodox Church followed its lead , remaining instead faithful to Constantinople . '' A","sentences":["There occurred strident conflicts with the Ecumenical Patriarchate , most notably over the Orthodox Church in Estonia in the mid-1990s , which resulted in unilateral suspension of eucharistic relationship between the churches by the ROC .","The tension lingered on and could be observed at the meeting in Ravenna in early October 2007 of participants in the Orthodox -- Catholic Dialogue : the representative of the Moscow Patriarchate , Bishop Hilarion Alfeyev , walked out of the meeting due to the presence of representatives from the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church which is in the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate .","At the meeting , prior to the departure of the Russian delegation , there were also substantive disagreements about the wording of a proposed joint statement among the Orthodox representatives .","After the departure of the Russian delegation , the remaining Orthodox delegates approved the form which had been advocated by the representatives of the Ecumenical Patriarchate .","The Ecumenical See 's representative in Ravenna said that Hilarion 's position `` should be seen as an expression of authoritarianism whose goal is to exhibit the influence of the Moscow Church .","But like last year in Belgrade , all Moscow achieved was to isolate itself once more since no other Orthodox Church followed its lead , remaining instead faithful to Constantinople . ''","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1386771345504631664","input":"where was the person who drew the map of the world standing","passages":[{"title":"Gerardus Mercator","text":"In 1542 , the thirty year old must have been feeling confident about his future prospects when he suffered two major interruptions to his life . First , Leuven was besieged by the troops of the Duke of Cleves , a Lutheran sympathiser who , with French support , was set on exploiting unrest in the Low Countries to his own ends . This was the same Duke to whom Mercator turned ten years later . The siege was lifted but the financial losses to the town and its traders , including Mercator , were great . The second interruption was potentially deadly : the Inquisition called . Back","sentences":["In 1542 , the thirty year old must have been feeling confident about his future prospects when he suffered two major interruptions to his life .","First , Leuven was besieged by the troops of the Duke of Cleves , a Lutheran sympathiser who , with French support , was set on exploiting unrest in the Low Countries to his own ends .","This was the same Duke to whom Mercator turned ten years later .","The siege was lifted but the financial losses to the town and its traders , including Mercator , were great .","The second interruption was potentially deadly : the Inquisition called .","Back"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3295550125805132137","input":"why do they drive on the left in the us virgin islands","passages":[{"title":"Transportation in the United States Virgin Islands","text":"Virgin Islands Transit ( VITRAN ) public buses run between the main towns and areas of local interest ( not tourist destinations ) . Bus fare is $1 or less . Privately owned `` dollar ride '' or `` dollar run '' taxi buses stop at or near many bus stops . They follow a predefined route , but do not follow a regular schedule . It is often possible to get off anywhere along their route . These buses charge a flat rate for the trip , either $1 or $2 .","sentences":["Virgin Islands Transit ( VITRAN ) public buses run between the main towns and areas of local interest ( not tourist destinations ) .","Bus fare is $1 or less .","Privately owned `` dollar ride '' or `` dollar run '' taxi buses stop at or near many bus stops .","They follow a predefined route , but do not follow a regular schedule .","It is often possible to get off anywhere along their route .","These buses charge a flat rate for the trip , either $1 or $2 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-616926711623432012","input":"who belongs to the san diego unified port district","passages":[{"title":"Port of San Diego","text":"Several cruise lines home port in San Diego , such as Holland America , Celebrity Cruises , Disney Cruise Line , and Royal Caribbean . Other cruise lines may also use San Diego as a port of call . Holland America uses San Diego as a home port during the winter season . Royal Caribbean used to regularly operate Mexico cruises from San Diego , but now only operates on the months of April and November operating cruises to Panama Canal . Disney Cruise Line has seasonal Mexican cruises in the spring and fall , as well as a Panama Canal cruise at the end of the visit . Carnival Cruise Lines used to operate from San Diego , but no longer does so after April 2012 . Carnival Elation was the only cruise ship that operated from San Diego on a year - round basis from 2007 to 2010 . Carnival Spirit seasonally operated from the port during fall and winter seasons . It continued like that until Carnival ceased their cruise operations from San Diego . On May 2013 , Celebrity Cruises ' Solstice became longest cruise ship to dock in San Diego , during a Wine Country Coastal Cruise . The Port of San Diego experienced a 44 - percent growth in cruise calls between 2002 and 2006 , growing from 122 to 219 calls . Passenger numbers more than doubled in that time , from 276,000 in 2002 to 619,000 in 2006 . Cruise ship business peaked in 2008 , when the Port hosted 252 ship calls and more than 800,000 passengers . By 2011 , the number of ship calls had fallen to 103 , a decline blamed on the slumping economy as well as fear of travel to Mexico due to well - publicized violence there .","sentences":["Several cruise lines home port in San Diego , such as Holland America , Celebrity Cruises , Disney Cruise Line , and Royal Caribbean .","Other cruise lines may also use San Diego as a port of call .","Holland America uses San Diego as a home port during the winter season .","Royal Caribbean used to regularly operate Mexico cruises from San Diego , but now only operates on the months of April and November operating cruises to Panama Canal .","Disney Cruise Line has seasonal Mexican cruises in the spring and fall , as well as a Panama Canal cruise at the end of the visit .","Carnival Cruise Lines used to operate from San Diego , but no longer does so after April 2012 .","Carnival Elation was the only cruise ship that operated from San Diego on a year - round basis from 2007 to 2010 .","Carnival Spirit seasonally operated from the port during fall and winter seasons .","It continued like that until Carnival ceased their cruise operations from San Diego .","On May 2013 , Celebrity Cruises ' Solstice became longest cruise ship to dock in San Diego , during a Wine Country Coastal Cruise .","The Port of San Diego experienced a 44 - percent growth in cruise calls between 2002 and 2006 , growing from 122 to 219 calls .","Passenger numbers more than doubled in that time , from 276,000 in 2002 to 619,000 in 2006 .","Cruise ship business peaked in 2008 , when the Port hosted 252 ship calls and more than 800,000 passengers .","By 2011 , the number of ship calls had fallen to 103 , a decline blamed on the slumping economy as well as fear of travel to Mexico due to well - publicized violence there ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8489962229873822577","input":"how rna is edited prior to leaving the nucleus","passages":[{"title":"Post-transcriptional modification","text":"Regulatory sequence Regulatory sequence Enhancer \/ silencer Promoter 5'UTR Open reading frame 3'UTR Enhancer \/ silencer Proximal Core Start Stop Terminator Transcription DNA Exon Exon Exon Intron Intron Post-transcriptional modification Pre - mRNA Protein coding region 5'cap Poly - A tail Translation Mature mRNA Protein The structure of a eukaryotic protein - coding gene . Regulatory sequence controls when and where expression occurs for the protein coding region ( red ) . Promoter and enhancer regions ( yellow ) regulate the transcription of the gene into a pre-mRNA which is modified to remove introns ( light grey ) and add a 5 ' cap and poly - A tail ( dark grey ) . The mRNA 5 ' and 3 ' untranslated regions ( blue ) regulate translation into the final protein product .","sentences":["Regulatory sequence Regulatory sequence Enhancer \/ silencer Promoter 5'UTR Open reading frame 3'UTR Enhancer \/ silencer Proximal Core Start Stop Terminator Transcription DNA Exon Exon Exon Intron Intron Post-transcriptional modification","Pre - mRNA","Protein coding region 5'cap Poly - A tail Translation Mature mRNA","Protein The structure of a eukaryotic protein - coding gene .","Regulatory sequence controls when and where expression occurs for the protein coding region ( red ) .","Promoter and enhancer regions ( yellow ) regulate the transcription of the gene into a pre-mRNA which is modified to remove introns ( light grey ) and add a 5 ' cap and poly - A tail ( dark grey ) .","The mRNA 5 ' and 3 ' untranslated regions ( blue ) regulate translation into the final protein product ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2957232939410181775","input":"why did the new united states have trouble paying its war debts","passages":[{"title":"Financial costs of the American Revolutionary War","text":"The economic warfare between Great Britain and the colonists began well before the colonies declared their independence in 1776 . Regulations from the crown were met with fierce opposition from the colonists . After lobbies and petitions proved ineffective , the colonists turned to boycotting imported English goods . Boycotting proved to be successful in crippling British trade . After the first colonial boycott in 1765 , Parliament overturned the Sugar and Stamp Acts , and after a second boycott in 1768 Parliament overturned all of the Townshend duties except for the tax on tea . The colonists persisted , and the American boycott on tea ultimately culminated in the Boston Tea Party of 1773 . Despite the Revolution 's widespread association with the colonists ' aversion to higher taxes , it has been claimed that the colonists actually paid far less tax compared to their British counterparts .","sentences":["The economic warfare between Great Britain and the colonists began well before the colonies declared their independence in 1776 .","Regulations from the crown were met with fierce opposition from the colonists .","After lobbies and petitions proved ineffective , the colonists turned to boycotting imported English goods .","Boycotting proved to be successful in crippling British trade .","After the first colonial boycott in 1765 , Parliament overturned the Sugar and Stamp Acts , and after a second boycott in 1768 Parliament overturned all of the Townshend duties except for the tax on tea .","The colonists persisted , and the American boycott on tea ultimately culminated in the Boston Tea Party of 1773 .","Despite the Revolution 's widespread association with the colonists ' aversion to higher taxes , it has been claimed that the colonists actually paid far less tax compared to their British counterparts ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9123968115019413768","input":"what is the history of wells fargo bank","passages":[{"title":"History of Wells Fargo","text":"The financial performance of Wells Fargo , as well as its stock price , suffered from this botched merger , leaving the bank vulnerable to being taken over itself as banking consolidation continued unabated . This time , Wells Fargo entered into a friendly merger agreement with Norwest Corporation of Minneapolis , which was announced in June 1998 . The deal was completed in November of that year and was valued at $31.7 billion . Although Norwest was the nominal survivor , the merged company retained the Wells Fargo name because of the latter 's greater public recognition and the former 's regional connotations . The merged company remained based in San Francisco based on the bank 's $54 billion in deposits in California versus $13 billion in Minnesota . The head of Wells Fargo , Paul Hazen , was named chairman of the new company , while the head of Norwest , Richard Kovacevich , became president and CEO . However , Wells Fargo retains Norwest 's pre-1998 stock price history , and all SEC filings before 1998 are listed under Norwest , not Wells Fargo .","sentences":["The financial performance of Wells Fargo , as well as its stock price , suffered from this botched merger , leaving the bank vulnerable to being taken over itself as banking consolidation continued unabated .","This time , Wells Fargo entered into a friendly merger agreement with Norwest Corporation of Minneapolis , which was announced in June 1998 .","The deal was completed in November of that year and was valued at $31.7 billion .","Although Norwest was the nominal survivor , the merged company retained the Wells Fargo name because of the latter 's greater public recognition and the former 's regional connotations .","The merged company remained based in San Francisco based on the bank 's $54 billion in deposits in California versus $13 billion in Minnesota .","The head of Wells Fargo , Paul Hazen , was named chairman of the new company , while the head of Norwest , Richard Kovacevich , became president and CEO .","However , Wells Fargo retains Norwest 's pre-1998 stock price history , and all SEC filings before 1998 are listed under Norwest , not Wells Fargo ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7575819018834739503","input":"who was allied with germany during world war i apex","passages":[{"title":"Western Front (World War I)","text":"The same month , the French Commander - in - Chief , General Robert Nivelle , ordered a new offensive against the German trenches , promising that it would end the war within 48 hours . The 16 April attack , dubbed the Nivelle Offensive ( also known as the Second Battle of the Aisne , after the area where the offensive took place ) , would be 1.2 million men strong , preceded by a week - long artillery bombardment and accompanied by tanks . The offensive proceeded poorly as the French troops , with the help of two Russian brigades , had to negotiate rough , upward - sloping terrain in extremely bad weather . Planning had been dislocated by the voluntary German withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line . Secrecy had been compromised and German aircraft gained air superiority , making reconnaissance difficult and in places , the creeping barrage moved too fast for the French troops . Within a week 120,000 French soldiers were casualties . Despite the casualties and his promise to halt the offensive if it did not produce a breakthrough , Nivelle ordered the attack to continue into May .","sentences":["The same month , the French Commander - in - Chief , General Robert Nivelle , ordered a new offensive against the German trenches , promising that it would end the war within 48 hours .","The 16 April attack , dubbed the Nivelle Offensive ( also known as the Second Battle of the Aisne , after the area where the offensive took place ) , would be 1.2 million men strong , preceded by a week - long artillery bombardment and accompanied by tanks .","The offensive proceeded poorly as the French troops , with the help of two Russian brigades , had to negotiate rough , upward - sloping terrain in extremely bad weather .","Planning had been dislocated by the voluntary German withdrawal to the Hindenburg Line .","Secrecy had been compromised and German aircraft gained air superiority , making reconnaissance difficult and in places , the creeping barrage moved too fast for the French troops .","Within a week 120,000 French soldiers were casualties .","Despite the casualties and his promise to halt the offensive if it did not produce a breakthrough , Nivelle ordered the attack to continue into May ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2289657633546006531","input":"what city did the confederacy choose as its capital","passages":[{"title":"Confederate States of America","text":"# City 1860 population 1860 U.S. rank Return to U.S. control 1 . New Orleans , Louisiana 168,675 6 1862 2 . Charleston , South Carolina 40,522 22 1865 3 . Richmond , Virginia 37,910 25 1865 4 . Mobile , Alabama 29,258 27 1865 5 . Memphis , Tennessee 22,623 38 1862 6 . Savannah , Georgia 22,619 41 1864 7 . Petersburg , Virginia 18,266 50 1865 8 . Nashville , Tennessee 16,988 54 1862 9 . Norfolk , Virginia 14,620 61 1862 10 . Augusta , Georgia 12,493 77 1865 11 . Columbus , Georgia 9,621 97 1865 12 . Atlanta , Georgia 9,554 99 1864 13 . Wilmington , North Carolina 9,553 100 1865","sentences":["# City 1860 population 1860 U.S. rank Return to U.S. control 1 .","New Orleans , Louisiana 168,675 6 1862 2 .","Charleston , South Carolina 40,522 22 1865 3 .","Richmond , Virginia 37,910 25 1865 4 .","Mobile , Alabama 29,258 27 1865 5 .","Memphis , Tennessee 22,623 38 1862 6 .","Savannah , Georgia 22,619 41 1864 7 .","Petersburg , Virginia 18,266 50 1865 8 .","Nashville , Tennessee 16,988 54 1862 9 .","Norfolk , Virginia 14,620 61 1862 10 .","Augusta , Georgia 12,493 77 1865 11 .","Columbus , Georgia 9,621 97 1865 12 .","Atlanta , Georgia 9,554 99 1864 13 .","Wilmington , North Carolina 9,553 100 1865"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5981328846745224706","input":"who was the united states senator from wisconsin who announced in february 1950","passages":[{"title":"Joseph McCarthy","text":"From the start of his notoriety , McCarthy served as a favorite subject for political cartoonists . He was traditionally depicted in a negative light , normally pertaining to McCarthyism and his accusations . Herblock 's cartoon that coined the term McCarthyism appeared less than two months after the senator 's now famous February 1950 speech in Wheeling , West Virginia . In 1953 , the popular daily comic strip Pogo introduced the character Simple J. Malarkey , a pugnacious and conniving wildcat with an unmistakable physical resemblance to McCarthy . After a worried Rhode Island newspaper editor protested to the syndicate that provided the strip , creator Walt Kelly began depicting the Malarkey character with a bag over his head , concealing his features . The explanation was that Malarkey was hiding from a Rhode Island Red hen , a clear reference to the controversy over the Malarkey character .","sentences":["From the start of his notoriety , McCarthy served as a favorite subject for political cartoonists .","He was traditionally depicted in a negative light , normally pertaining to McCarthyism and his accusations .","Herblock 's cartoon that coined the term McCarthyism appeared less than two months after the senator 's now famous February 1950 speech in Wheeling , West Virginia .","In 1953 , the popular daily comic strip Pogo introduced the character Simple J. Malarkey , a pugnacious and conniving wildcat with an unmistakable physical resemblance to McCarthy .","After a worried Rhode Island newspaper editor protested to the syndicate that provided the strip , creator Walt Kelly began depicting the Malarkey character with a bag over his head , concealing his features .","The explanation was that Malarkey was hiding from a Rhode Island Red hen , a clear reference to the controversy over the Malarkey character ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3337622205760976007","input":"who is socrates talking to in the republic","passages":[{"title":"Republic (Plato)","text":"Socrates suggests that they look for justice in a city rather than in an individual man . After attributing the origin of society to the individual not being self - sufficient and having many needs which he can not supply himself , they go on to describe the development of the city . Socrates first describes the `` healthy state '' , but Glaucon asks him to describe `` a city of pigs '' , as he finds little difference between the two . He then goes on to describe the luxurious city , which he calls `` a fevered state '' . This requires a guardian class to defend and attack on its account . This begins a discussion concerning the type of education that ought to be given to these guardians in their early years , including the topic of what kind of stories are appropriate . They conclude that stories that ascribe evil to the gods are untrue and should not be taught . Book","sentences":["Socrates suggests that they look for justice in a city rather than in an individual man .","After attributing the origin of society to the individual not being self - sufficient and having many needs which he can not supply himself , they go on to describe the development of the city .","Socrates first describes the `` healthy state '' , but Glaucon asks him to describe `` a city of pigs '' , as he finds little difference between the two .","He then goes on to describe the luxurious city , which he calls `` a fevered state '' .","This requires a guardian class to defend and attack on its account .","This begins a discussion concerning the type of education that ought to be given to these guardians in their early years , including the topic of what kind of stories are appropriate .","They conclude that stories that ascribe evil to the gods are untrue and should not be taught .","Book"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8046521777449122554","input":"where are rocky mountains located on a map","passages":[{"title":"Rocky Mountains","text":"The Rocky Mountains contain several sedimentary basins that are rich in coalbed methane . Coalbed methane is natural gas that arises from coal , either through bacterial action , or through exposure to high temperature . Coalbed methane supplies 7 percent of the natural gas used in the United States . The largest coalbed methane sources in the Rocky Mountains are in the San Juan Basin in New Mexico and Colorado and the Powder River Basin in Wyoming . These two basins are estimated to contain 38 trillion cubic feet of gas . Coalbed methane can be recovered by dewatering the coal bed , and separating the gas from the water ; or injecting water to fracture the coal to release the gas ( so - called hydraulic fracturing ) .","sentences":["The Rocky Mountains contain several sedimentary basins that are rich in coalbed methane .","Coalbed methane is natural gas that arises from coal , either through bacterial action , or through exposure to high temperature .","Coalbed methane supplies 7 percent of the natural gas used in the United States .","The largest coalbed methane sources in the Rocky Mountains are in the San Juan Basin in New Mexico and Colorado and the Powder River Basin in Wyoming .","These two basins are estimated to contain 38 trillion cubic feet of gas .","Coalbed methane can be recovered by dewatering the coal bed , and separating the gas from the water ; or injecting water to fracture the coal to release the gas ( so - called hydraulic fracturing ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2252541237418614796","input":"where can weathered parent material be found in soil","passages":[{"title":"Parent material","text":"Parent material transported by streams is called alluvium of which there are three main types . Floodplains are the parts of river valleys that are covered with water during floods . Due to their seasonal nature , floods create stratified layers in which larger particles tend to settle nearer the channel and smaller particles settle nearer the edges of the flooding area . Alluvial fans are sedimentary areas formed by narrow valley streams that suddenly drop to lowlands and widen dramatically . Sedimentary in these types of deposits tend to be larger closer to the uplands and finer near the edges of the fan . Delta deposits , the third of type of alluvium , are finer sediments that are discharged from streams into lakes and eventually settle near the mouth of the river .","sentences":["Parent material transported by streams is called alluvium of which there are three main types .","Floodplains are the parts of river valleys that are covered with water during floods .","Due to their seasonal nature , floods create stratified layers in which larger particles tend to settle nearer the channel and smaller particles settle nearer the edges of the flooding area .","Alluvial fans are sedimentary areas formed by narrow valley streams that suddenly drop to lowlands and widen dramatically .","Sedimentary in these types of deposits tend to be larger closer to the uplands and finer near the edges of the fan .","Delta deposits , the third of type of alluvium , are finer sediments that are discharged from streams into lakes and eventually settle near the mouth of the river ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4269903448641450565","input":"where did do you know dey way come from","passages":[{"title":"Lana Del Rey","text":"Del Rey would later respond to this in a 2017 interview , stating : `` I did n't edit myself ( on Born to Die ) when I could have , because a lot of its just the way it was . I mean , because I 've changed a lot and a lot of those songs , it 's not that I do n't relate but ... A lot of it too is I was just kinda nervous . I came off sort of nervously , and there was just a lot of dualities , a lot of juxtapositions going on that maybe just felt like something was a little off . Maybe the thing that was off was that I needed a little more time or something , and also my path was just so windy just to get to having a first record . I feel like I had to figure it out all by myself . Every move was just guesswork . ''","sentences":["Del Rey would later respond to this in a 2017 interview , stating : `` I did n't edit myself ( on Born to Die ) when I could have , because a lot of its just the way it was .","I mean , because I 've changed a lot and a lot of those songs , it 's not that I do n't relate but ...","A lot of it too is I was just kinda nervous .","I came off sort of nervously , and there was just a lot of dualities , a lot of juxtapositions going on that maybe just felt like something was a little off .","Maybe the thing that was off was that I needed a little more time or something , and also my path was just so windy just to get to having a first record .","I feel like I had to figure it out all by myself .","Every move was just guesswork . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5580439273992314890","input":"where was the osage tribe located in missouri","passages":[{"title":"Osage Nation","text":"By the late 18th century , the Osage did extensive business with the French Creole fur trader Ren\u00e9 Auguste Chouteau , who was based in St. Louis ; the city was part of territory under nominal Spanish control after the Seven Years ' War but was dominated by French colonists . They were the de facto European power in St. Louis and other settlements along the Mississippi , building their wealth on the fur trade . In return for the Chouteau brothers ' building a fort in the village of the Great Osage 350 miles ( 560 km ) southwest of St. Louis , the Spanish regional government gave the Chouteaus a six - year monopoly on trade ( 1794 -- 1802 ) . The Chouteaus named the post Fort Carondelet after the Spanish governor . The Osage were pleased to have a fur trading post nearby , as it gave them access to manufactured goods and increased their prestige among the tribes . Osage","sentences":["By the late 18th century , the Osage did extensive business with the French Creole fur trader Ren\u00e9 Auguste Chouteau , who was based in St. Louis ; the city was part of territory under nominal Spanish control after the Seven Years ' War but was dominated by French colonists .","They were the de facto European power in St. Louis and other settlements along the Mississippi , building their wealth on the fur trade .","In return for the Chouteau brothers ' building a fort in the village of the Great Osage 350 miles ( 560 km ) southwest of St. Louis , the Spanish regional government gave the Chouteaus a six - year monopoly on trade ( 1794 -- 1802 ) .","The Chouteaus named the post Fort Carondelet after the Spanish governor .","The Osage were pleased to have a fur trading post nearby , as it gave them access to manufactured goods and increased their prestige among the tribes .","Osage"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6923247165337472574","input":"do you need a license to drive an electric motorcycle","passages":[{"title":"Electric bicycle laws","text":"A driver 's license or permit is not required . Unlike a non-powered bicycle , the minimum operator age is 15 years old . Minn . Stat . \u00a7 169.222 , subd . 6a .","sentences":["A driver 's license or permit is not required .","Unlike a non-powered bicycle , the minimum operator age is 15 years old .","Minn .","Stat .","\u00a7 169.222 , subd .","6a ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5723400627480857958","input":"12. name three factors other than price that might affect the supply of an item","passages":[{"title":"Supply (economics)","text":"The supply function is the mathematical expression of the relationship between supply and those factors that affect the willingness and ability of a supplier to offer goods for sale . An example would be the curve implied by Q s = f ( P ; P rg ) ( \\ displaystyle Q_ ( \\ text ( s ) ) = f ( P ; P_ ( \\ text ( rg ) ) ) ) where P ( \\ displaystyle P ) is the price of the good and P rg ( \\ displaystyle P_ ( \\ text ( rg ) ) ) is the price of a related good . The semicolon means that the variables to the right are held constant when quantity supplied is plotted against the good 's own price . The supply equation is the explicit mathematical expression of the functional relationship . A linear example is Q s = 325 + P \u2212 30 P rg ( \\ displaystyle Q_ ( \\ text ( s ) ) = 325 + P - 30P_ ( \\ text ( rg ) ) ) . Here 325 ( \\ displaystyle 325 ) is the repository of all non-specified factors that affect supply for the product . The coefficient of P ( \\ displaystyle P ) is positive following the general rule that price and quantity supplied are directly related . P rg ( \\ displaystyle P_ ( \\ text ( rg ) ) ) is the price of a related good . Typically its coefficient is negative because the related good is an input or a source of inputs .","sentences":["The supply function is the mathematical expression of the relationship between supply and those factors that affect the willingness and ability of a supplier to offer goods for sale .","An example would be the curve implied by Q s = f ( P ; P rg )","( \\ displaystyle Q_","( \\ text ( s ) )","= f ( P ; P_","( \\ text ( rg ) ) ) ) where P ( \\ displaystyle P ) is the price of the good and P rg ( \\ displaystyle P_","( \\ text ( rg ) ) ) is the price of a related good .","The semicolon means that the variables to the right are held constant when quantity supplied is plotted against the good 's own price .","The supply equation is the explicit mathematical expression of the functional relationship .","A linear example is Q s","= 325 + P \u2212 30 P rg ( \\ displaystyle Q_ ( \\ text ( s ) )","= 325 + P - 30P_","( \\ text ( rg ) ) ) .","Here 325 ( \\ displaystyle 325 ) is the repository of all non-specified factors that affect supply for the product .","The coefficient of P ( \\ displaystyle P ) is positive following the general rule that price and quantity supplied are directly related .","P rg ( \\ displaystyle P_","( \\ text ( rg ) ) ) is the price of a related good .","Typically its coefficient is negative because the related good is an input or a source of inputs ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7226618788296352750","input":"from your screen to your stereo part 2","passages":[{"title":"From the Screen to Your Stereo Part II","text":"Max Bemis -- Vocals ( `` Crazy for You '' ) Adam Lazzara -- Vocals ( `` Lovefool '' ) Lisa Loeb -- Vocals ( `` Stay '' ) Chris Carrabba -- Vocals ( `` The Promise '' ) Patrick Stump -- Vocals ( `` The King of Wishful Thinking '' ) Will Pugh -- Vocals ( `` Iris '' ) Sherri Dupree -- Vocals ( `` It Ai n't Me Babe '' ) Stacy Dupree - Vocals ( `` Lovefool '' )","sentences":["Max Bemis -- Vocals ( `` Crazy for You '' )","Adam Lazzara -- Vocals ( `` Lovefool '' )","Lisa Loeb -- Vocals ( `` Stay '' )","Chris Carrabba -- Vocals ( `` The Promise '' )","Patrick Stump -- Vocals ( `` The King of Wishful Thinking '' )","Will Pugh -- Vocals ( `` Iris '' )","Sherri Dupree -- Vocals ( `` It Ai n't Me Babe '' )","Stacy Dupree - Vocals ( `` Lovefool '' )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1227782767681663452","input":"what is the biggest earthquake ever recorded in the united states","passages":[{"title":"1960 Valdivia earthquake","text":"There is evidence that a similar earthquake and landslide occurred in 1575 in Valdivia . This earthquake was of similar strength and also caused a Ri\u00f1ihuazo . According to the chronicle of Mari\u00f1o de Lobera , corregidor of Valdivia in 1575 , a landslide blocked the outflow of the lagoon of Renigua . Several months later in April , it caused a flood . He said that the Spanish settlers had evacuated and waited on high ground until after the dam burst , but many aboriginals died in the flood waters . While the 1575 earthquake is considered the most similar one to the 1960 one it differ in not having caused any tsunami in Japan .","sentences":["There is evidence that a similar earthquake and landslide occurred in 1575 in Valdivia .","This earthquake was of similar strength and also caused a Ri\u00f1ihuazo .","According to the chronicle of Mari\u00f1o de Lobera , corregidor of Valdivia in 1575 , a landslide blocked the outflow of the lagoon of Renigua .","Several months later in April , it caused a flood .","He said that the Spanish settlers had evacuated and waited on high ground until after the dam burst , but many aboriginals died in the flood waters .","While the 1575 earthquake is considered the most similar one to the 1960 one it differ in not having caused any tsunami in Japan ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2911759687902653514","input":"what is the cache on a hard drive mean","passages":[{"title":"Disk buffer","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( August 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) On","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( August 2012 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","On"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1288474291367551625","input":"what group dominated the government and economy of the netherlands after 1648","passages":[{"title":"Economic history of the Netherlands (1500\u20131815)","text":"From 1780 on , however , a new conjuncture of internal and external conditions and forces conspired to bring the economy and the political structure of the Republic to a crisis that they could not survive . The Fourth Anglo - Dutch War ended the cloak of neutrality which had protected Dutch shipping for most of the century , in that period obviating the need for naval protection that was now lacking due to many years of neglect of the navy . Trade came temporarily to a standstill , because the British blockade could not be broken , despite the relative success of the Dutch navy in the Battle of Dogger Bank ( 1781 ) . The trade of the VOC was devastated , even apart from the loss of some of its colonies . It experienced a liquidity crisis which exposed its inherent insolvency . The company was too important to let it fail ( also because of the importance of its outstanding debt in the Dutch financial system ) , so that it was kept afloat for more than a decade by emergency aid from the States of Holland , before it was finally nationalized in 1796 . The","sentences":["From 1780 on , however , a new conjuncture of internal and external conditions and forces conspired to bring the economy and the political structure of the Republic to a crisis that they could not survive .","The Fourth Anglo - Dutch War ended the cloak of neutrality which had protected Dutch shipping for most of the century , in that period obviating the need for naval protection that was now lacking due to many years of neglect of the navy .","Trade came temporarily to a standstill , because the British blockade could not be broken , despite the relative success of the Dutch navy in the Battle of Dogger Bank ( 1781 ) .","The trade of the VOC was devastated , even apart from the loss of some of its colonies .","It experienced a liquidity crisis which exposed its inherent insolvency .","The company was too important to let it fail ( also because of the importance of its outstanding debt in the Dutch financial system ) , so that it was kept afloat for more than a decade by emergency aid from the States of Holland , before it was finally nationalized in 1796 .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-157975897803936036","input":"blessed is the kingdom of the father and the son and the holy spirit","passages":[{"title":"Usual beginning","text":"O come , let us worship God our King . ( Bow . ) O come , let us worship and fall down before Christ our King and our God . ( Bow . ) O come , let us worship and fall down before Christ Himself , our King and our God . ( Bow . )","sentences":["O come , let us worship God our King .","( Bow . )","O come , let us worship and fall down before Christ our King and our God .","( Bow . )","O come , let us worship and fall down before Christ Himself , our King and our God .","( Bow . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7992981697235016894","input":"where is the bios stored in a computer","passages":[{"title":"BIOS","text":"Operating systems and executive software that are designed to supersede this basic firmware functionality provide replacement software interfaces to application software . Applications can also provide these services to themselves . This began even in the 1980s under MS - DOS , when programmers observed that using the BIOS video services for graphics display was very slow . To increase the speed of screen output , many programs bypassed the BIOS and programmed the video display hardware directly . Other graphics programmers , particularly but not exclusively in the demoscene , observed that there were technical capabilities of the PC display adapters that were not supported by the IBM BIOS and could not be taken advantage of without circumventing it . Since the AT - compatible BIOS ran in Intel real mode , operating systems that ran in protected mode on 286 and later processors required hardware device drivers compatible with protected mode operation to replace BIOS services .","sentences":["Operating systems and executive software that are designed to supersede this basic firmware functionality provide replacement software interfaces to application software .","Applications can also provide these services to themselves .","This began even in the 1980s under MS - DOS , when programmers observed that using the BIOS video services for graphics display was very slow .","To increase the speed of screen output , many programs bypassed the BIOS and programmed the video display hardware directly .","Other graphics programmers , particularly but not exclusively in the demoscene , observed that there were technical capabilities of the PC display adapters that were not supported by the IBM BIOS and could not be taken advantage of without circumventing it .","Since the AT - compatible BIOS ran in Intel real mode , operating systems that ran in protected mode on 286 and later processors required hardware device drivers compatible with protected mode operation to replace BIOS services ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6224274440197133041","input":"who does skye choose the lodge season 2","passages":[{"title":"The Lodge (TV series)","text":"< Skye works hard to create the concert that will save the lodge . Ben asks Skye to chose between him and Sean . Josh shows up . After Noah tries to kiss Kaylee , Oz and the band leave . Sean tries to rebuild his friendship with Ben . When Danielle 's mother finds out about the concert she tries to shut it down but , Sean convinces Danielle to change her mothers mind . The concert goes ahead and Skye and her friends perform ' Bringing Better Back ' . After the concert Skye sends a text to Sean and Ben telling them who she chose . Guest stars : Marcus Garvey as Ed , Dominic Harrison as Oz , Tom Hudson as Kyle , Martin Anzor as Aaron , Laila Rouass as Olivia","sentences":["< Skye works hard to create the concert that will save the lodge .","Ben asks Skye to chose between him and Sean .","Josh shows up .","After Noah tries to kiss Kaylee , Oz and the band leave .","Sean tries to rebuild his friendship with Ben .","When Danielle 's mother finds out about the concert she tries to shut it down but , Sean convinces Danielle to change her mothers mind .","The concert goes ahead and Skye and her friends perform ' Bringing Better Back ' .","After the concert Skye sends a text to Sean and Ben telling them who she chose .","Guest stars : Marcus Garvey as Ed , Dominic Harrison as Oz , Tom Hudson as Kyle , Martin Anzor as Aaron , Laila Rouass as Olivia"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2563054106573038202","input":"who came up with the declaration of independence","passages":[{"title":"United States Declaration of Independence","text":"I think the authors of that notable instrument intended to include all men , but they did not mean to declare all men equal in all respects . They did not mean to say all men were equal in color , size , intellect , moral development , or social capacity . They defined with tolerable distinctness in what they did consider all men created equal -- equal in `` certain inalienable rights , among which are life , liberty , and the pursuit of happiness . '' This they said , and this they meant . They did not mean to assert the obvious untruth that all were then actually enjoying that equality , or yet that they were about to confer it immediately upon them . In fact , they had no power to confer such a boon . They meant simply to declare the right , so that the enforcement of it might follow as fast as circumstances should permit . They meant to set up a standard maxim for free society which should be familiar to all , constantly looked to , constantly labored for , and even , though never perfectly attained , constantly approximated , and thereby constantly spreading and deepening its influence , and augmenting the happiness and value of life to all people , of all colors , everywhere .","sentences":["I think the authors of that notable instrument intended to include all men , but they did not mean to declare all men equal in all respects .","They did not mean to say all men were equal in color , size , intellect , moral development , or social capacity .","They defined with tolerable distinctness in what they did consider all men created equal -- equal in `` certain inalienable rights , among which are life , liberty , and the pursuit of happiness . ''","This they said , and this they meant .","They did not mean to assert the obvious untruth that all were then actually enjoying that equality , or yet that they were about to confer it immediately upon them .","In fact , they had no power to confer such a boon .","They meant simply to declare the right , so that the enforcement of it might follow as fast as circumstances should permit .","They meant to set up a standard maxim for free society which should be familiar to all , constantly looked to , constantly labored for , and even , though never perfectly attained , constantly approximated , and thereby constantly spreading and deepening its influence , and augmenting the happiness and value of life to all people , of all colors , everywhere ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-136121569751758149","input":"why did maria and angel get divorced on dexter","passages":[{"title":"Angel Batista","text":"In season three , Batista is promoted to Sergeant and made the department 's new lead case investigator to replace the now - deceased Doakes . However it appears as his life as a divorced father is beginning to take its toll ; he risks his career to get a hooker who turns out to be an undercover cop . After persistent but gentlemanly advances , Batista begins a relationship with the officer , Barbara Gianna . He so fears losing her that he begins acting irrationally , leaving her a long - winded message begging forgiveness for having to cancel dinner because of work . However , Barbara finds this funny , brings him a take - out dinner , and their relationship appears strong . After she is assaulted , Batista gets in a violent altercation with the man who hurt her , but Dexter intervenes and calms him down . He attends Dexter 's wedding with Barbara as his date .","sentences":["In season three , Batista is promoted to Sergeant and made the department 's new lead case investigator to replace the now - deceased Doakes .","However it appears as his life as a divorced father is beginning to take its toll ; he risks his career to get a hooker who turns out to be an undercover cop .","After persistent but gentlemanly advances , Batista begins a relationship with the officer , Barbara Gianna .","He so fears losing her that he begins acting irrationally , leaving her a long - winded message begging forgiveness for having to cancel dinner because of work .","However , Barbara finds this funny , brings him a take - out dinner , and their relationship appears strong .","After she is assaulted , Batista gets in a violent altercation with the man who hurt her , but Dexter intervenes and calms him down .","He attends Dexter 's wedding with Barbara as his date ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8396974280714561864","input":"when did copper working first appear in europe","passages":[{"title":"Metallurgy during the Copper Age in Europe","text":"Stone tools : The most frequent find are the stone hammers , normally made of hard rocks accessible to the mine , beach or river pebbles ( Jovanovic 1980 , Craddock 1995 ) . There is no standardization of these mauls but is common a system of hafting , usually a groove carved in the middle for where a rope was tied to the handle , like the twisted hazel recovered in Copa Hill ( Timberlake 2003 ; 32 - 33 ) . Antler and bone tools : Picks and scrapes made of bone and antlers have been found in the majority of the mines ( Craddock 1995 ) . Wood : Evidence of wooden tools are more infrequent . Nevertheless in places like Ai Bunar or Mount Gabriel were recovered shovels and wedges . A rudimentary system of stairs or scaffoldings can be supposed ( Mohen 1992 ) . Metal : The use of any metallic tool is rather strange and extraordinary . It seems that the copper was not used for the miners ' tools . However copper chisels and discarded axes could be utilized as wedges . ( Craddock 1995 ; 97 ) Other evidence : The presence of coal and charcoal , crucial for the firing ( fire - setting ) and furnace ( fuel ) , is habitual . Leather sacks ( at Ai Bunar ) and shoulder baskets ( at Copa Hill ) were used to transport the crushed mineral .","sentences":["Stone tools : The most frequent find are the stone hammers , normally made of hard rocks accessible to the mine , beach or river pebbles ( Jovanovic 1980 , Craddock 1995 ) .","There is no standardization of these mauls but is common a system of hafting , usually a groove carved in the middle for where a rope was tied to the handle , like the twisted hazel recovered in Copa Hill ( Timberlake 2003 ; 32 - 33 ) .","Antler and bone tools : Picks and scrapes made of bone and antlers have been found in the majority of the mines ( Craddock 1995 ) .","Wood : Evidence of wooden tools are more infrequent .","Nevertheless in places like Ai Bunar or Mount Gabriel were recovered shovels and wedges .","A rudimentary system of stairs or scaffoldings can be supposed ( Mohen 1992 ) .","Metal :","The use of any metallic tool is rather strange and extraordinary .","It seems that the copper was not used for the miners ' tools .","However copper chisels and discarded axes could be utilized as wedges .","( Craddock 1995 ; 97 )","Other evidence : The presence of coal and charcoal , crucial for the firing ( fire - setting ) and furnace ( fuel ) , is habitual .","Leather sacks ( at Ai Bunar ) and shoulder baskets ( at Copa Hill ) were used to transport the crushed mineral ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4295675334642347769","input":"what were the results of the norman conquest","passages":[{"title":"Norman conquest of England","text":"Although William 's main rivals were gone , he still faced rebellions over the following years and was not secure on his throne until after 1072 . The lands of the resisting English elite were confiscated ; some of the elite fled into exile . To control his new kingdom , William granted lands to his followers and built castles commanding military strongpoints throughout the land . Other effects of the conquest included the court and government , the introduction of the Norman language as the language of the elites , and changes in the composition of the upper classes , as William enfeoffed lands to be held directly from the king . More gradual changes affected the agricultural classes and village life : the main change appears to have been the formal elimination of slavery , which may or may not have been linked to the invasion . There was little alteration in the structure of government , as the new Norman administrators took over many of the forms of Anglo - Saxon government .","sentences":["Although William 's main rivals were gone , he still faced rebellions over the following years and was not secure on his throne until after 1072 .","The lands of the resisting English elite were confiscated ; some of the elite fled into exile .","To control his new kingdom , William granted lands to his followers and built castles commanding military strongpoints throughout the land .","Other effects of the conquest included the court and government , the introduction of the Norman language as the language of the elites , and changes in the composition of the upper classes , as William enfeoffed lands to be held directly from the king .","More gradual changes affected the agricultural classes and village life : the main change appears to have been the formal elimination of slavery , which may or may not have been linked to the invasion .","There was little alteration in the structure of government , as the new Norman administrators took over many of the forms of Anglo - Saxon government ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5629486081305072194","input":"who plays david in the assassination of versace","passages":[{"title":"The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story","text":"In June 1995 , Versace ignores Donatella 's disapproval and makes his sexuality public in an interview . In November 1995 , U.S. Navy lieutenant Jeff Trail is suspected as a homosexual after saving a fellow veteran from being assaulted in San Diego . Following an unsuccessful suicide attempt , Trail goes to a gay bar and meets Cunanan . Trail later agrees to do an interview about homophobia in the military , during which he `` makes the decision '' to leave the Navy . Two years later , Cunanan runs into Trail and David Madson in Minneapolis . Both men , however , try to avoid him , with Trail staying at his sister 's house and Madson stating he has moved on . Abandoned and angry , Cunanan resolves to murder Trail .","sentences":["In June 1995 , Versace ignores Donatella 's disapproval and makes his sexuality public in an interview .","In November 1995 , U.S. Navy lieutenant Jeff Trail is suspected as a homosexual after saving a fellow veteran from being assaulted in San Diego .","Following an unsuccessful suicide attempt , Trail goes to a gay bar and meets Cunanan .","Trail later agrees to do an interview about homophobia in the military , during which he `` makes the decision '' to leave the Navy .","Two years later , Cunanan runs into Trail and David Madson in Minneapolis .","Both men , however , try to avoid him , with Trail staying at his sister 's house and Madson stating he has moved on .","Abandoned and angry , Cunanan resolves to murder Trail ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6675188788419818575","input":"describe any five features of central highlands of india","passages":[{"title":"Eastern Himalaya","text":"In the Mesozoic era the whole of the worn - down plateau was under sea . In this expansive shallow sea , which covered most of Assam ( India ) and Bhutan , chalk deposits formed from seawater tides oscillating between land and sea levels . During subsequent periods , tertiary rocks were laid down . The Paro metamorphic belt may be found overlying Chasilakha - Soraya gneiss in some places . Silurian metamorphics in other places suggest long denudation of the surface . This was the time of Alpine mountain formation , and much of the movement in the palaeozoic region was probably connected with it . The Chomolhari tourmaline granites of Bhutan , stretching westwards from the Paro chu and ats much depth below the present surface , were formed during this period of uplift , fracture and subsidence .","sentences":["In the Mesozoic era the whole of the worn - down plateau was under sea .","In this expansive shallow sea , which covered most of Assam ( India ) and Bhutan , chalk deposits formed from seawater tides oscillating between land and sea levels .","During subsequent periods , tertiary rocks were laid down .","The Paro metamorphic belt may be found overlying Chasilakha - Soraya gneiss in some places .","Silurian metamorphics in other places suggest long denudation of the surface .","This was the time of Alpine mountain formation , and much of the movement in the palaeozoic region was probably connected with it .","The Chomolhari tourmaline granites of Bhutan , stretching westwards from the Paro chu and ats much depth below the present surface , were formed during this period of uplift , fracture and subsidence ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6528988595803946890","input":"what is the plot for the new star wars movie","passages":[{"title":"Star Wars: The Last Jedi","text":"The Last Jedi had its world premiere in Los Angeles on December 9 , 2017 , and was released in the United States on December 15 , 2017 . It has grossed over $1.3 billion worldwide , making it the highest - grossing film of 2017 , the 7th - highest - ever grossing film in North America and the 9th - highest - grossing film of all time . It is also the second - highest - grossing film of the Star Wars franchise , and turned a net profit of over $417 million . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised its ensemble cast , visual effects , musical score , action sequences and emotional weight ; some considered it the best Star Wars film since The Empire Strikes Back . The film received four nominations at the 90th Academy Awards , including Best Original Score and Best Visual Effects , as well two nominations at the 71st British Academy Film Awards . A sequel , provisionally titled Star Wars : Episode IX , is scheduled for release on December 20 , 2019 .","sentences":["The Last Jedi had its world premiere in Los Angeles on December 9 , 2017 , and was released in the United States on December 15 , 2017 .","It has grossed over $1.3 billion worldwide , making it the highest - grossing film of 2017 , the 7th - highest - ever grossing film in North America and the 9th - highest - grossing film of all time .","It is also the second - highest - grossing film of the Star Wars franchise , and turned a net profit of over $417 million .","It received positive reviews from critics , who praised its ensemble cast , visual effects , musical score , action sequences and emotional weight ; some considered it the best Star Wars film since The Empire Strikes Back .","The film received four nominations at the 90th Academy Awards , including Best Original Score and Best Visual Effects , as well two nominations at the 71st British Academy Film Awards .","A sequel , provisionally titled Star Wars : Episode IX , is scheduled for release on December 20 , 2019 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8664446485759998614","input":"what is the english translation for the chinese word dao as it applies to daoism","passages":[{"title":"Tao","text":"d\u00e0o \u9053 N. ( noun ) road ; path M. ( nominal measure word ) 1 ( for rivers \/ topics \/ etc . ) 2 ( for a course ( of food ) ; a streak ( of light ) ; etc . ) V. ( verb ) 1 say ; speak ; talk ( introducing direct quote , novel style ) ... 2 think ; suppose B.F. ( bound form , bound morpheme ) 1 channel 2 way ; reason ; principle 3 doctrine 4 Daoism 5 line 6 \u3008 hist. \u3009 ( history ) 7 district ; circuit canal ; passage ; tube 8 say ( polite words ) ... See also d\u01ceo , d\u0101o","sentences":["d\u00e0o \u9053 N. ( noun ) road ; path M. ( nominal measure word ) 1 ( for rivers \/ topics \/ etc .",")","2 ( for a course ( of food ) ; a streak ( of light ) ; etc . )","V. ( verb ) 1 say ; speak ; talk ( introducing direct quote , novel style ) ...","2 think ; suppose B.F. ( bound form , bound morpheme ) 1 channel 2 way ; reason ; principle 3 doctrine 4 Daoism 5 line 6 \u3008 hist.","\u3009 ( history ) 7 district ; circuit canal ; passage ; tube 8 say ( polite words ) ...","See also d\u01ceo , d\u0101o"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8357094561832465659","input":"when did north vietnam declare war on south vietnam","passages":[{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"Estimates of the number of casualties vary , with one source suggesting up to 3.8 million violent war deaths in Vietnam for the period 1955 to 2002 . Between 195,000 and 430,000 South Vietnamese civilians died in the war . Extrapolating from a 1969 US intelligence report , Guenter Lewy estimated 65,000 North Vietnamese civilians died in the war . Estimates of civilian deaths caused by American bombing of North Vietnam in Operation Rolling Thunder range from 52,000 to 182,000 . The military forces of South Vietnam suffered an estimated 254,256 killed between 1960 and 1974 and additional deaths from 1954 to 1959 and in 1975 . The official US Department of Defense figure was 950,765 communist forces killed in Vietnam from 1965 to 1974 . Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to be deflated by 30 percent . In addition , Guenter Lewy assumes that one - third of the reported `` enemy '' killed may have been civilians , concluding that the actual number of deaths of communist military forces was probably closer to 444,000 . It was difficult to distinguish between civilians and military personnel on the Viet Cong side as many persons were part - time guerrillas or impressed laborers who did not wear uniforms . A detailed demographic study calculated 791,000 -- 1,141,000 war - related deaths for all of Vietnam . According to figures released by the Vietnamese government in 1995 , there were 1,100,000 North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong military personnel deaths during the Vietnam War ( including the missing ) . The Vietnamese government released its estimate of war deaths for the more lengthy period of 1955 to 1975 . According to the Vietnamese , Communist battle deaths totaled 1.1 million and civilian deaths of Vietnamese totaled 2.0 million . These estimates probably include battle deaths of Vietnamese soldiers in Laos and Cambodia , but do not include deaths of South Vietnamese and allied soldiers which would add nearly 300,000 for a grand total of 3.4 million military and civilian dead .","sentences":["Estimates of the number of casualties vary , with one source suggesting up to 3.8 million violent war deaths in Vietnam for the period 1955 to 2002 .","Between 195,000 and 430,000 South Vietnamese civilians died in the war .","Extrapolating from a 1969 US intelligence report , Guenter Lewy estimated 65,000 North Vietnamese civilians died in the war .","Estimates of civilian deaths caused by American bombing of North Vietnam in Operation Rolling Thunder range from 52,000 to 182,000 .","The military forces of South Vietnam suffered an estimated 254,256 killed between 1960 and 1974 and","additional deaths from 1954 to 1959 and in 1975 .","The official US Department of Defense figure was 950,765 communist forces killed in Vietnam from 1965 to 1974 .","Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to be deflated by 30 percent .","In addition , Guenter Lewy assumes that one - third of the reported `` enemy '' killed may have been civilians , concluding that the actual number of deaths of communist military forces was probably closer to 444,000 .","It was difficult to distinguish between civilians and military personnel on the Viet Cong side as many persons were part - time guerrillas or impressed laborers who did not wear uniforms .","A detailed demographic study calculated 791,000 -- 1,141,000 war - related deaths for all of Vietnam .","According to figures released by the Vietnamese government in 1995 , there were 1,100,000 North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong military personnel deaths during the Vietnam War ( including the missing ) .","The Vietnamese government released its estimate of war deaths for the more lengthy period of 1955 to 1975 .","According to the Vietnamese , Communist battle deaths totaled 1.1 million and civilian deaths of Vietnamese totaled 2.0 million .","These estimates probably include battle deaths of Vietnamese soldiers in Laos and Cambodia , but do not include deaths of South Vietnamese and allied soldiers which would add nearly 300,000 for a grand total of 3.4 million military and civilian dead ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2090875245275899681","input":"why is the nuclear membrane considered part of the endomembrane system","passages":[{"title":"Endomembrane system","text":"Liver cells are another example of specialized cells that contain an abundance of smooth ER . These cells provide an example of the role of smooth ER in carbohydrate metabolism . Liver cells store carbohydrates in the form of glycogen . The breakdown of glycogen eventually leads to the release of glucose from the liver cells , which is important in the regulation of sugar concentration in the blood . However , the primary product of glycogen breakdown is glucose - 1 - phosphate . This is converted to glucose - 6 - phosphate and then an enzyme of the liver cell 's smooth ER removes the phosphate from the glucose , so that it can then leave the cell .","sentences":["Liver cells are another example of specialized cells that contain an abundance of smooth ER .","These cells provide an example of the role of smooth ER in carbohydrate metabolism .","Liver cells store carbohydrates in the form of glycogen .","The breakdown of glycogen eventually leads to the release of glucose from the liver cells , which is important in the regulation of sugar concentration in the blood .","However , the primary product of glycogen breakdown is glucose - 1 - phosphate .","This is converted to glucose - 6 - phosphate and then an enzyme of the liver cell 's smooth ER removes the phosphate from the glucose , so that it can then leave the cell ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7128582828968856907","input":"the most important event that characterised the swadeshi movement","passages":[{"title":"Swadeshi movement","text":"The proposal of partition of Bengal became publicly known in 1905 , followed by immediate and spontaneous protests all over Bengal . Lord Curzon asked Queen Victoria to separate Bengal . Because they were scared if the Muslims and Hindus got together they could start a war . 500 meetings were held in East Bengal alone . 50,000 copies of pamphlets with a detailed critique of partition were distributed . This phase is marked by moderate techniques of protest such as petitions , public meetings , press campaign , etc. to turn public opinion in India as well as in Britain against partition .","sentences":["The proposal of partition of Bengal became publicly known in 1905 , followed by immediate and spontaneous protests all over Bengal .","Lord Curzon asked Queen Victoria to separate Bengal .","Because they were scared if the Muslims and Hindus got together they could start a war .","500 meetings were held in East Bengal alone .","50,000 copies of pamphlets with a detailed critique of partition were distributed .","This phase is marked by moderate techniques of protest such as petitions , public meetings , press campaign , etc. to turn public opinion in India as well as in Britain against partition ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7351744912570513914","input":"what episode in grey's anatomy does izzy die","passages":[{"title":"Izzie Stevens","text":"Izzie makes a treatment error that endangers the life of a patient , and is fired from the hospital 's surgical program . Believing Alex is partially to blame , she writes him a Dear John letter and leaves . Izzie later learns that Alex was not responsible for her lost job , and returns to make amends with him , but Meredith informs her that Alex is moving on . Izzie informs Alex that she no longer has cancer . Although he is pleased , Alex officially breaks up with Izzie , telling her that he loves her but deserves better . She leaves Seattle to start fresh . Several episodes later , Alex informs Meredith that Izzie sent divorce papers , which he signs in the episode `` How Insensitive '' . In the sixth - season finale , Alex is shot and asks for Izzie . Imagining that Meredith 's half - sister Lexie ( Chyler Leigh ) is Izzie , he apologizes and asks her never to leave him again .","sentences":["Izzie makes a treatment error that endangers the life of a patient , and is fired from the hospital 's surgical program .","Believing Alex is partially to blame , she writes him a Dear John letter and leaves .","Izzie later learns that Alex was not responsible for her lost job , and returns to make amends with him , but Meredith informs her that Alex is moving on .","Izzie informs","Alex","that she no longer has cancer .","Although he is pleased , Alex officially breaks up with Izzie , telling her that he loves her but deserves better .","She leaves Seattle to start fresh .","Several episodes later , Alex informs Meredith that Izzie sent divorce papers , which he signs in the episode `` How Insensitive '' .","In the sixth - season finale , Alex is shot and asks for Izzie .","Imagining that Meredith 's half - sister Lexie ( Chyler Leigh ) is Izzie , he apologizes and asks her never to leave him again ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"619104495997408210","input":"when did the first nation come to canada","passages":[{"title":"First Nations","text":"The Squamish history is a series of past events , both passed on through oral tradition and recent history , of the Squamish indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast . Prior to colonization , they recorded their history through oral tradition as a way to transmit stories , law , and knowledge across generations . This was common among all the peoples . The writing system established in the 1970s used the Latin alphabet as a base . Knowledgeable elders had the responsibility to pass historical knowledge to the next generation . People lived and prospered for thousands of years until the Great Flood . In another story , after the Flood , they would repopulate from the villages of Schenks and Chekwelp , located at Gibsons . When the water lines receded , the first Squamish came to be . The first man , named Tse\u1e35\u00e1nchten , built his longhouse in the village , and later on another man named Xel\u00e1lten , appeared on his longhouse roof and sent by the Creator , or in the Squamish language keke7nex siyam . He called this man his brother . It was from these two men that the population began to rise and the Squamish spread back through their territory . A","sentences":["The Squamish history is a series of past events , both passed on through oral tradition and recent history , of the Squamish indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast .","Prior to colonization , they recorded their history through oral tradition as a way to transmit stories , law , and knowledge across generations .","This was common among all the peoples .","The writing system established in the 1970s used the Latin alphabet as a base .","Knowledgeable elders had the responsibility to pass historical knowledge to the next generation .","People lived and prospered for thousands of years until the Great Flood .","In another story , after the Flood , they would repopulate from the villages of Schenks and Chekwelp , located at Gibsons .","When the water lines receded , the first Squamish came to be .","The first man , named Tse\u1e35\u00e1nchten , built his longhouse in the village , and later on another man named Xel\u00e1lten , appeared on his longhouse roof and sent by the Creator , or in the Squamish language keke7nex siyam .","He called this man his brother .","It was from these two men that the population began to rise and the Squamish spread back through their territory .","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6998237183839630574","input":"what were the dates for the first new deal answers.com","passages":[{"title":"Yahoo! Answers","text":"During beta testing of Yahoo ! Answers in 2005 , the Director of Product Management would use a Gemmy Kung Fu Hamster to summon employees to meetings . The toy was a battery - operated , dancing , musical plush hamster clothed in a karate uniform . A Yahoo ! Answers employee selected a photo of the toy as the staff avatar . A user then questioned the potential trademark \/ copyright infringement of using such an avatar . At that time , the photo was replaced with the Yahoo ! Answers green smiley face . At the beginning of 2006 , the green smiley face was replaced by the cartoon Yamster clad in a karate uniform . As of November 2009 , the history of Yamster , complete with photos of the toy , was available on the Yahoo ! Answers Team Vietnam blog .","sentences":["During beta testing of Yahoo !","Answers in 2005 , the Director of Product Management would use a Gemmy Kung Fu Hamster to summon employees to meetings .","The toy was a battery - operated , dancing , musical plush hamster clothed in a karate uniform .","A Yahoo !","Answers employee selected a photo of the toy as the staff avatar .","A user then questioned the potential trademark \/ copyright infringement of using such an avatar .","At that time , the photo was replaced with the Yahoo !","Answers green smiley face .","At the beginning of 2006 , the green smiley face was replaced by the cartoon Yamster clad in a karate uniform .","As of November 2009 , the history of Yamster , complete with photos of the toy , was available on the Yahoo !","Answers Team Vietnam blog ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"87297619109564137","input":"when did the cold war take place who was involved and why","passages":[{"title":"Cold War","text":"By 1989 , the Soviet alliance system was on the brink of collapse , and , deprived of Soviet military support , the communist leaders of the Warsaw Pact states were losing power . Grassroots organizations , such as Poland 's Solidarity movement , rapidly gained ground with strong popular bases . In 1989 , the communist governments in Poland and Hungary became the first to negotiate the organizing of competitive elections . In Czechoslovakia and East Germany , mass protests unseated entrenched communist leaders . The communist regimes in Bulgaria and Romania also crumbled , in the latter case as the result of a violent uprising . Attitudes had changed enough that US Secretary of State James Baker suggested that the American government would not be opposed to Soviet intervention in Romania , on behalf of the opposition , to prevent bloodshed . The tidal wave of change culminated with the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 , which symbolized the collapse of European communist governments and graphically ended the Iron Curtain divide of Europe . The 1989 revolutionary wave swept across Central and Eastern Europe and peacefully overthrew all of the Soviet - style communist states : East Germany , Poland , Hungary , Czechoslovakia and Bulgaria ; Romania was the only Eastern - bloc country to topple its communist regime violently and execute its head of state .","sentences":["By 1989 , the Soviet alliance system was on the brink of collapse , and , deprived of Soviet military support , the communist leaders of the Warsaw Pact states were losing power .","Grassroots organizations , such as Poland 's Solidarity movement , rapidly gained ground with strong popular bases .","In 1989 , the communist governments in Poland and Hungary became the first to negotiate the organizing of competitive elections .","In Czechoslovakia and East Germany , mass protests unseated entrenched communist leaders .","The communist regimes in Bulgaria and Romania also crumbled , in the latter case as the result of a violent uprising .","Attitudes had changed enough that US Secretary of State James Baker suggested that the American government would not be opposed to Soviet intervention in Romania , on behalf of the opposition , to prevent bloodshed .","The tidal wave of change culminated with the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 , which symbolized the collapse of European communist governments and graphically ended the Iron Curtain divide of Europe .","The 1989 revolutionary wave swept across Central and Eastern Europe and peacefully overthrew all of the Soviet - style communist states : East Germany , Poland , Hungary , Czechoslovakia and Bulgaria ; Romania was the only Eastern - bloc country to topple its communist regime violently and execute its head of state ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7022966458089743783","input":"who plays the sisters in orange is the new black","passages":[{"title":"Taryn Manning","text":"In 2001 , Manning auditioned for the musical reality television show popstar on the WB . In 2003 , Manning and her brother Kellin formed the band Boomkat . The band first signed a major label deal with American Idol producer Randy Jackson , but the deal fell through . Robbie Robertson then signed them to DreamWorks Records , which was Boomkat 's label from 2002 to 2004 . In 2002 , she sang a rendition of `` I 'll Take You There '' with Tweet in several Gap commercials directed by Peter Lindbergh . Their debut album , Boomkatalog. One , was released on March 18 , 2003 . Boomkat released two singles `` The Wreckoning '' and `` What U Do 2 Me '' . The first single , `` The Wreckoning '' , hit No. 1 on the Hot Dance Music \/ Club Play chart . The band closed out 2003 as the No. 5 Hot Dance Club Play Artist for the year in Billboard Magazine . Music from Boomkatalog. One has also appeared in movies , including Mean Girls , Crossroads , The Hot Chick , 8 Mile and The Italian Job .","sentences":["In 2001 , Manning auditioned for the musical reality television show popstar on the WB .","In 2003 , Manning and her brother Kellin formed the band Boomkat .","The band first signed a major label deal with American Idol producer Randy Jackson , but the deal fell through .","Robbie Robertson then signed them to DreamWorks Records , which was Boomkat 's label from 2002 to 2004 .","In 2002 , she sang a rendition of `` I 'll Take You There '' with Tweet in several Gap commercials directed by Peter Lindbergh .","Their debut album , Boomkatalog.","One , was released on March 18 , 2003 .","Boomkat released two singles `` The Wreckoning '' and `` What U Do 2 Me '' .","The first single , `` The Wreckoning '' , hit No. 1 on the Hot Dance Music \/ Club Play chart .","The band closed out 2003 as the No. 5 Hot Dance Club Play Artist for the year in Billboard Magazine .","Music from Boomkatalog.","One has also appeared in movies , including Mean Girls , Crossroads , The Hot Chick , 8 Mile and The Italian Job ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1452262273249206670","input":"why is the idea of an ideal gas untrue or not possible","passages":[{"title":"Ideal gas","text":"c ^ V = 1 n R T ( \u2202 S \u2202 T ) V = 1 n R ( \u2202 U \u2202 T ) V ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ hat ( c ) ) _ ( V ) = ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( nR ) ) T \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( \\ partial S ) ( \\ partial T ) ) \\ right ) _ ( V ) = ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( nR ) ) \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( \\ partial U ) ( \\ partial T ) ) \\ right ) _ ( V ) )","sentences":["c ^","V = 1 n R T ( \u2202 S \u2202 T )","V = 1 n R ( \u2202 U \u2202 T ) V ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ hat ( c ) )","_","( V ) = ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( nR ) )","T \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( \\ partial S ) ( \\ partial T ) )","\\ right ) _","( V ) = ( \\ frac ( 1 ) ( nR ) )","\\ left ( ( \\ frac ( \\ partial U ) ( \\ partial T ) )","\\ right ) _","( V ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5394540058234456897","input":"meaning of the word abomination in the bible","passages":[{"title":"Abomination (Bible)","text":"In Daniel 's prophecies in Daniel 11 : 31 ( cf. 12 : 11 ) , it is generally interpreted as referring to the fearful calamities that were to fall on the Jews in the time of Antiochus IV Epiphanes , saying `` And they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate . '' Jerome , and most of the Christian fathers , suppose that the reference is to Antiochus as the type of Antichrist , and that the description passes from the type to the antitype . Idolatry is presented as the chief sin in the Bible , and shiqquts is often used to describe such . In his campaign of Hellenization , Antiochus caused an altar to be erected on the altar for burnt - offerings of the Second Temple , on which pig sacrifices were offered to Zeus Olympios . ( Comp. 1 Maccabees 1 : 54 ) . Following the wording of Daniel 9 : 27 , this may have been the abomination of desolation of Jerusalem . sinful sacrifices ( Isaiah 66 : 3 ) idolatry ( Deuteronomy 29 : 17 , Ezekiel 20 : 7 , 8 , 1Kings 11 : 5 - 7 , Jeremiah 13 : 27 ) witchcraft ( 2 Kings 23 : 24 )","sentences":["In Daniel 's prophecies in Daniel 11 : 31 ( cf. 12 : 11 ) , it is generally interpreted as referring to the fearful calamities that were to fall on the Jews in the time of Antiochus IV Epiphanes , saying `` And they shall place the abomination that maketh desolate . ''","Jerome , and most of the Christian fathers , suppose that the reference is to Antiochus as the type of Antichrist , and that the description passes from the type to the antitype .","Idolatry is presented as the chief sin in the Bible , and shiqquts is often used to describe such .","In his campaign of Hellenization , Antiochus caused an altar to be erected on the altar for burnt - offerings of the Second Temple , on which pig sacrifices were offered to Zeus Olympios .","( Comp. 1 Maccabees 1 : 54 ) .","Following the wording of Daniel 9 : 27 , this may have been the abomination of desolation of Jerusalem .","sinful sacrifices ( Isaiah 66 : 3 ) idolatry ( Deuteronomy 29 : 17 , Ezekiel 20 : 7 , 8 , 1Kings 11 : 5 - 7 , Jeremiah 13 : 27 ) witchcraft ( 2 Kings 23 : 24 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6521550237225575378","input":"is logan is the last part of xmen","passages":[{"title":"Logan (film)","text":"Males comprised a bulk of the audience demographic during its opening weekend , with 63 % , while females comprised 37 % , with 83 % of the audience being between 18 and 44 years of age . Critics noted that the R rating -- the second ever for the X-Men franchise -- could be a hindering factor in the film 's mass appeal . However , by the time of its release , the film was acclaimed by critics and raved by audiences . Good reviews , anticipation from fans , as well as lack of competition were highlighted behind the film 's robust opening . According to a poll conducted by Fandango during its opening weekend , 71 % of moviegoers said that more superhero films should be rated R , while 86 % were interested in seeing a more violent , adult X-Men film that weekend . Furthermore , 96 % said they were excited to see Hugh Jackman , 94 % were intrigued to see Patrick Stewart reprising his role as Professor X , and 76 % were interested in watching newcomer Dafne Keen . In its second weekend , the film dropped 56.9 % , grossing $38.1 million and finishing second at the box office behind newcomer Kong : Skull Island ( $61 million ) . In its third weekend it made $17.8 million , finishing in third behind Beauty and the Beast ( $174.8 million ) and Kong : Skull Island ( $27.8 million ) . In its fourth weekend it made $10.1 million , dropping 43.1 % from the previous week and finishing 5th at the box office . Outside","sentences":["Males comprised a bulk of the audience demographic during its opening weekend , with 63 % , while females comprised 37 % , with 83 % of the audience being between 18 and 44 years of age .","Critics noted that the R rating -- the second ever for the X-Men franchise -- could be a hindering factor in the film 's mass appeal .","However , by the time of its release , the film was acclaimed by critics and raved by audiences .","Good reviews , anticipation from fans , as well as lack of competition were highlighted behind the film 's robust opening .","According to a poll conducted by Fandango during its opening weekend , 71 % of moviegoers said that more superhero films should be rated R , while 86 % were interested in seeing a more violent , adult X-Men film that weekend .","Furthermore , 96 % said they were excited to see Hugh Jackman , 94 % were intrigued to see Patrick Stewart reprising his role as Professor X , and 76 % were interested in watching newcomer Dafne Keen .","In its second weekend , the film dropped 56.9 % , grossing $38.1 million and finishing second at the box office behind newcomer Kong : Skull Island ( $61 million ) .","In its third weekend it made $17.8 million , finishing in third behind Beauty and the Beast ( $174.8 million ) and Kong : Skull Island ( $27.8 million ) .","In its fourth weekend it made $10.1 million , dropping 43.1 % from the previous week and finishing 5th at the box office .","Outside"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4790254986576764554","input":"where did the ss great britain sail to","passages":[{"title":"SS Great Britain","text":"The shareholders of the company again provided further funding to try and solve the problems . The six - bladed propeller was dispensed with and replaced with the original four - bladed , cast iron design . The third mast was removed , and the iron rigging , which had proven unsatisfactory , was replaced with conventional rigging . In a major alteration , two 110 - foot - long ( 34 m ) bilge keels were added to each side in an effort to lessen her tendency to roll . These repairs and alterations delayed her return to service until the following year . Stranded","sentences":["The shareholders of the company again provided further funding to try and solve the problems .","The six - bladed propeller was dispensed with and replaced with the original four - bladed , cast iron design .","The third mast was removed , and the iron rigging , which had proven unsatisfactory , was replaced with conventional rigging .","In a major alteration , two 110 - foot - long ( 34 m ) bilge keels were added to each side in an effort to lessen her tendency to roll .","These repairs and alterations delayed her return to service until the following year .","Stranded"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8437444604404030234","input":"what is the theme of the left hand of darkness","passages":[{"title":"The Left Hand of Darkness","text":"These conflicts are demonstrated by the varying loyalties of the main characters . Genly Ai tells Argaven after Estraven 's death that Estraven served mankind as a whole , just as Ai did . During the border dispute with Orgoreyn , Estraven tries to end the dispute by moving Karhidish farmers out of the disputed territory . Estraven believes that by preventing war he was saving Karhidish lives and being loyal to his country , while King Argaven sees it as a betrayal . At the end of the novel Ai calls his ship down to formalize Gethen 's joining the Ekumen , and feels conflicted while doing so because he had promised Estraven that he would clear Estraven 's name before calling his ship down . His decision is an example of Le Guin 's portrayal of loyalty and betrayal as complementary rather than contradictory , because in joining Gethen with the Ekumen Ai was fulfilling the larger purpose that he shared with Estraven . Donna White wrote that many of Le Guin 's novels depict a struggle between personal loyalties and public duties , best exemplified in The Left Hand of Darkness , where Ai is bound by a personal bond to Estraven , but must subordinate that to his mission for the Ekumen and humanity .","sentences":["These conflicts are demonstrated by the varying loyalties of the main characters .","Genly Ai tells Argaven after Estraven 's death that Estraven served mankind as a whole , just as Ai did .","During the border dispute with Orgoreyn , Estraven tries to end the dispute by moving Karhidish farmers out of the disputed territory .","Estraven believes that by preventing war he was saving Karhidish lives and being loyal to his country , while King Argaven sees it as a betrayal .","At the end of the novel Ai calls his ship down to formalize Gethen 's joining the Ekumen , and feels conflicted while doing so because he had promised Estraven that he would clear Estraven 's name before calling his ship down .","His decision is an example of Le Guin 's portrayal of loyalty and betrayal as complementary rather than contradictory , because in joining Gethen with the Ekumen Ai was fulfilling the larger purpose that he shared with Estraven .","Donna White wrote that many of Le Guin 's novels depict a struggle between personal loyalties and public duties , best exemplified in The Left Hand of Darkness , where Ai is bound by a personal bond to Estraven , but must subordinate that to his mission for the Ekumen and humanity ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7650091685452849300","input":"after texas what is the next likely candidate for american annexation","passages":[{"title":"Texas annexation","text":"The Missouri crisis of 1819 -- 1821 sharpened commitments to expansionism among the country 's slaveholding interests , when the so - called Thomas proviso established the 36 \u00b0 30 ' parallel , imposing free - soil and slave - soil futures in the Louisiana Purchase lands . While a majority of southern congressmen acquiesced to the exclusion of slavery from the bulk of the Louisiana Purchase , a significant minority objected . Virginian editor Thomas Ritchie of the Richmond Enquirer predicted that with the proviso restrictions , the South would ultimately require Texas : `` If we are cooped up on the north , we must have elbow room to the west . '' Representative John Floyd of Virginia in 1824 accused Secretary of State Adams of conceding Texas to Spain in 1819 in the interests of Northern anti-slavery advocates , and so depriving the South of additional slave states . Then - Representative John Tyler of Virginia invoked the Jeffersonian precepts of territorial and commercial growth as a national goal to counter the rise of sectional differences over slavery . His `` diffusion '' theory declared that with Missouri open to slavery , the new state would encourage the transfer of underutilized slaves westward , emptying the eastern states of bondsmen and making emancipation feasible in the old South . This doctrine would be revived during the Texas annexation controversy .","sentences":["The Missouri crisis of 1819 -- 1821 sharpened commitments to expansionism among the country 's slaveholding interests , when the so - called Thomas proviso established the 36 \u00b0 30 ' parallel , imposing free - soil and slave - soil futures in the Louisiana Purchase lands .","While a majority of southern congressmen acquiesced to the exclusion of slavery from the bulk of the Louisiana Purchase , a significant minority objected .","Virginian editor Thomas Ritchie of the Richmond Enquirer predicted that with the proviso restrictions , the South would ultimately require Texas : `` If we are cooped up on the north , we must have elbow room to the west . ''","Representative John Floyd of Virginia in 1824 accused Secretary of State Adams of conceding Texas to Spain in 1819 in the interests of Northern anti-slavery advocates , and so depriving the South of additional slave states .","Then - Representative John Tyler of Virginia invoked the Jeffersonian precepts of territorial and commercial growth as a national goal to counter the rise of sectional differences over slavery .","His `` diffusion '' theory declared that with Missouri open to slavery , the new state would encourage the transfer of underutilized slaves westward , emptying the eastern states of bondsmen and making emancipation feasible in the old South .","This doctrine would be revived during the Texas annexation controversy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1260541209896418955","input":"where does osmosis take place in the human body","passages":[{"title":"Osmosis","text":"Osmosis is a vital process in biological systems , as biological membranes are semipermeable . In general , these membranes are impermeable to large and polar molecules , such as ions , proteins , and polysaccharides , while being permeable to non-polar or hydrophobic molecules like lipids as well as to small molecules like oxygen , carbon dioxide , nitrogen , and nitric oxide . Permeability depends on solubility , charge , or chemistry , as well as solute size . Water molecules travel through the plasma membrane , tonoplast membrane ( vacuole ) or protoplast by diffusing across the phospholipid bilayer via aquaporins ( small transmembrane proteins similar to those responsible for facilitated diffusion and ion channels ) . Osmosis provides the primary means by which water is transported into and out of cells . The turgor pressure of a cell is largely maintained by osmosis across the cell membrane between the cell interior and its relatively hypotonic environment .","sentences":["Osmosis is a vital process in biological systems , as biological membranes are semipermeable .","In general , these membranes are impermeable to large and polar molecules , such as ions , proteins , and polysaccharides , while being permeable to non-polar or hydrophobic molecules like lipids as well as to small molecules like oxygen , carbon dioxide , nitrogen , and nitric oxide .","Permeability depends on solubility , charge , or chemistry , as well as solute size .","Water molecules travel through the plasma membrane , tonoplast membrane ( vacuole ) or protoplast by diffusing across the phospholipid bilayer via aquaporins ( small transmembrane proteins similar to those responsible for facilitated diffusion and ion channels ) .","Osmosis provides the primary means by which water is transported into and out of cells .","The turgor pressure of a cell is largely maintained by osmosis across the cell membrane between the cell interior and its relatively hypotonic environment ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2927812441121343464","input":"given the formula d equals abc what is the formula for c","passages":[{"title":"Quadratic equation","text":"\u2212 b 2 a + i \u2212 \u0394 2 a and \u2212 b 2 a \u2212 i \u2212 \u0394 2 a , ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( - b ) ( 2a ) ) + i ( \\ frac ( \\ sqrt ( - \\ Delta ) ) ( 2a ) ) \\ quad ( \\ text ( and ) ) \\ quad ( \\ frac ( - b ) ( 2a ) ) - i ( \\ frac ( \\ sqrt ( - \\ Delta ) ) ( 2a ) ) , )","sentences":["\u2212 b 2 a","+","i \u2212 \u0394 2 a and \u2212 b 2 a \u2212","i \u2212 \u0394 2 a , ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( - b ) ( 2a ) )","+","i ( \\ frac ( \\ sqrt ( - \\ Delta ) )","( 2a ) )","\\ quad ( \\ text ( and ) )","\\ quad ( \\ frac ( - b ) ( 2a ) )","- i ( \\ frac ( \\ sqrt ( - \\ Delta ) )","( 2a ) ) , )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8961280012466586268","input":"what is the song don't stand so close to me about","passages":[{"title":"Don't Stand So Close to Me","text":"The track uses a guitar synthesizer in the middle of the song , which was used by guitarist Andy Summers . Summers said , `` After Sting had put the vocals on ' Do n't Stand So Close To Me ' we looked for something to lift the middle of the song . I came up with a guitar synthesiser . It was the first time we 'd used it . I felt it worked really well . '' The verses and choruses do not feature this effect .","sentences":["The track uses a guitar synthesizer in the middle of the song , which was used by guitarist Andy Summers .","Summers said , `` After Sting had put the vocals on ' Do n't Stand So Close To Me ' we looked for something to lift the middle of the song .","I came up with a guitar synthesiser .","It was the first time we 'd used it .","I felt it worked really well . ''","The verses and choruses do not feature this effect ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3560712033383647456","input":"why does xenon have a high boiling point","passages":[{"title":"Xenon","text":"Xenon , Xe A xenon - filled discharge tube glowing light blue General properties Pronunciation \/ \u02c8z\u025bn\u0252n \/ \u200b ( ZEN - on ) , or \/ \u02c8zi\u02d0n\u0252n \/ \u200b ( ZEE - non ) Appearance colorless gas , exhibiting a blue glow when placed in an electric field Standard atomic weight ( A ) 7002131293000000000 \u2660 131.293 ( 6 ) Xenon in the periodic table Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury ( element ) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Kr \u2191 Xe \u2193 Rn iodine \u2190 xenon \u2192 caesium Atomic number ( Z ) 54 Group , period group 18 ( noble gases ) , period 5 Block p - block Element category noble gas Electron configuration ( Kr ) 4d 5s 5p Electrons per shell 2 , 8 , 18 , 18 , 8 Physical properties Phase ( at STP ) gas Melting point 161.40 K \u200b ( \u2212 111.75 \u00b0 C , \u200b \u2212 169.15 \u00b0 F ) Boiling point 165.051 K \u200b ( \u2212 108.099 \u00b0 C , \u200b \u2212 162.578 \u00b0 F ) Density ( at STP ) 5.894 g \/ L when liquid ( at b.p. ) 2.942 g \/ cm Triple point 161.405 K , \u200b 81.77 kPa Critical point 289.733 K , 5.842 MPa Heat of fusion 2.27 kJ \/ mol Heat of vaporization 12.64 kJ \/ mol Molar heat capacity 21.01 J \/ ( mol K ) Vapor pressure P ( Pa ) 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T ( K ) 83 92 103 117 137 165 Atomic properties Oxidation states 0 , + 1 , + 2 , + 4 , + 6 , + 8 \u200b ( rarely more than 0 ; a weakly acidic oxide ) Electronegativity Pauling scale : 2.6 Ionization energies 1st : 1170.4 kJ \/ mol 2nd : 2046.4 kJ \/ mol 3rd : 3099.4 kJ \/ mol Covalent radius 140 \u00b1 9 pm Van der Waals radius 216 pm Spectral lines Miscellanea Crystal structure \u200b face - centered cubic ( fcc ) Speed of sound gas : 178 m s liquid : 1090 m \/ s Thermal conductivity 5.65 \u00d7 10 W \/ ( m K ) Magnetic ordering diamagnetic Magnetic susceptibility \u2212 43.9 10 cm \/ mol ( 298 K ) CAS Number 7440 - 63 - 3 History Discovery and first isolation William Ramsay and Morris Travers ( 1898 ) Main isotopes of xenon Isotope Abundance Half - life ( t ) Decay mode Product Xe 0.095 % stable Xe syn 16.9 h \u03b5 Xe 0.089 % stable Xe syn 36.345 d \u03b5 Xe 1.910 % stable Xe 26.401 % stable Xe 4.071 % stable Xe 21.232 % stable Xe 26.909 % stable Xe syn 5.247 d \u03b2 Cs Xe 10.436 % stable Xe syn 9.14 h \u03b2 Cs Xe 8.857 % 2.165 \u00d7 10 y \u03b2 \u03b2 Ba view talk references in Wikidata","sentences":["Xenon , Xe","A xenon - filled discharge tube glowing light blue General properties Pronunciation \/ \u02c8z\u025bn\u0252n \/ \u200b ( ZEN - on ) , or \/ \u02c8zi\u02d0n\u0252n \/ \u200b ( ZEE - non ) Appearance colorless gas , exhibiting a blue glow when placed in an electric field Standard atomic weight ( A ) 7002131293000000000","\u2660 131.293 ( 6 ) Xenon in the periodic table Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium","Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury ( element )","Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Kr \u2191 Xe \u2193","Rn iodine \u2190 xenon \u2192 caesium Atomic number ( Z ) 54 Group , period group 18 ( noble gases ) , period 5 Block p - block Element category noble gas Electron configuration","( Kr ) 4d 5s 5p Electrons per shell 2 , 8 , 18 , 18 , 8 Physical properties Phase ( at STP ) gas Melting point 161.40 K \u200b ( \u2212 111.75 \u00b0 C , \u200b \u2212 169.15 \u00b0 F ) Boiling point 165.051 K \u200b ( \u2212 108.099 \u00b0 C , \u200b \u2212 162.578 \u00b0 F ) Density ( at STP )","5.894 g \/ L when liquid ( at b.p. )","2.942 g \/ cm Triple point 161.405 K , \u200b 81.77 kPa Critical point 289.733 K , 5.842 MPa Heat of fusion 2.27 kJ \/ mol Heat of vaporization 12.64 kJ \/ mol Molar heat capacity 21.01 J \/ ( mol K ) Vapor pressure P ( Pa ) 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T ( K ) 83 92 103 117 137 165 Atomic properties Oxidation states 0 ,","+ 1 , + 2 , + 4 , + 6 , + 8 \u200b ( rarely more than 0 ; a weakly acidic oxide )","Electronegativity Pauling scale : 2.6 Ionization energies 1st : 1170.4 kJ \/ mol 2nd : 2046.4 kJ \/ mol 3rd : 3099.4 kJ \/ mol Covalent radius 140 \u00b1 9 pm Van der Waals radius 216 pm Spectral lines Miscellanea Crystal structure \u200b face - centered cubic ( fcc ) Speed of sound gas : 178 m s liquid : 1090 m \/ s","Thermal conductivity 5.65 \u00d7 10 W \/ ( m K )","Magnetic ordering diamagnetic Magnetic susceptibility \u2212 43.9 10 cm \/ mol ( 298 K ) CAS Number 7440 - 63 - 3 History Discovery and first isolation William Ramsay and Morris Travers ( 1898 )","Main isotopes of xenon Isotope Abundance Half - life ( t ) Decay mode Product Xe","0.095 % stable Xe syn 16.9 h \u03b5 Xe 0.089 % stable Xe syn 36.345 d \u03b5 Xe","1.910 % stable Xe 26.401 % stable Xe 4.071 % stable Xe 21.232 % stable Xe 26.909 % stable Xe syn 5.247 d \u03b2 Cs Xe 10.436 % stable","Xe syn 9.14 h \u03b2","Cs Xe 8.857 % 2.165 \u00d7 10 y \u03b2 \u03b2","Ba view talk references in Wikidata"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8986513125936451204","input":"is a specific time point in a wave\u2019s cycle","passages":[{"title":"Phase (waves)","text":"Time is sometimes used ( instead of angle ) to express position within the cycle of an oscillation . A phase difference is analogous to two athletes running around a race track at the same speed and direction but starting at different positions on the track . They pass a point at different instants in time . But the time difference ( phase difference ) between them is a constant - same for every pass since they are at the same speed and in the same direction . If they were at different speeds ( different frequencies ) , the phase difference is undefined and would only reflect different starting positions . Technically , phase difference between two entities at various frequencies is undefined and does not exist .","sentences":["Time is sometimes used ( instead of angle ) to express position within the cycle of an oscillation .","A phase difference is analogous to two athletes running around a race track at the same speed and direction but starting at different positions on the track .","They pass a point at different instants in time .","But the time difference ( phase difference ) between them is a constant - same for every pass since they are at the same speed and in the same direction .","If they were at different speeds ( different frequencies ) , the phase difference is undefined and would only reflect different starting positions .","Technically , phase difference between two entities at various frequencies is undefined and does not exist ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5823075564362692376","input":"when did the captain america movie come out","passages":[{"title":"Captain America: The First Avenger","text":"Principal photography began on June 28 , 2010 , with the working title FrostBite . On the same day , Marvel confirmed that Tommy Lee Jones had been cast to play US Army Colonel Chester Phillips . The next day Marvel confirmed that Dominic Cooper would portray the younger version of Howard Stark , the character played by John Slattery in Iron Man 2 . It was announced that the film would shoot in London in late July and was expected to include scenes featuring key London landmarks . War scenes were filmed in September at the former Royal Navy Propellant Factory in the Welsh village of Caerwent . Filming was scheduled to take place that month in the Northern Quarter of Manchester , where parts of the 2004 film Alfie and the 2009 Sherlock Holmes had been shot , followed by the Stanley Dock area of Liverpool , both doubling for the period 's Lower East Side of Manhattan . Further scenes were scheduled to be shot in Liverpool 's Albert Dock . Johnston included a scene of a technology fair that includes in passing a display case containing the 1940s android superhero known as the original Human Torch , another character , like Captain America , in comics published by Marvel Comics ' predecessor , Timely Comics .","sentences":["Principal photography began on June 28 , 2010 , with the working title FrostBite .","On the same day , Marvel confirmed that Tommy Lee Jones had been cast to play US Army Colonel Chester Phillips .","The next day Marvel confirmed that Dominic Cooper would portray the younger version of Howard Stark , the character played by John Slattery in Iron Man 2 .","It was announced that the film would shoot in London in late July and was expected to include scenes featuring key London landmarks .","War scenes were filmed in September at the former Royal Navy Propellant Factory in the Welsh village of Caerwent .","Filming was scheduled to take place that month in the Northern Quarter of Manchester , where parts of the 2004 film Alfie and the 2009 Sherlock Holmes had been shot , followed by the Stanley Dock area of Liverpool , both doubling for the period 's Lower East Side of Manhattan .","Further scenes were scheduled to be shot in Liverpool 's Albert Dock .","Johnston included a scene of a technology fair that includes in passing a display case containing the 1940s android superhero known as the original Human Torch , another character , like Captain America , in comics published by Marvel Comics ' predecessor , Timely Comics ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"672005429894557061","input":"what statue is on top of the white house","passages":[{"title":"Statue of Freedom","text":"The Statue of Freedom is a colossal bronze standing figure 19 \u2044 feet ( 5.9 m ) tall and weighing approximately 15,000 pounds ( 6,800 kg ) . Her crest peaks at 288 feet ( 88 m ) above the east front plaza of the U.S. Capitol . She is a female , allegorical figure whose right hand holds the hilt of a sheathed sword , while a laurel wreath of victory and the Shield of the United States are clasped in her left hand . Her chiton is secured by a brooch inscribed `` U.S. '' and is partially covered by a heavy , Native American -- style fringed blanket thrown over her left shoulder . She faces east towards the main entrance of the building and the rising Sun . She wears a military helmet adorned with stars and an eagle 's head which is itself crowned by an umbrella - like crest of feathers . Although not actually called `` Columbia '' , she shares many of her iconic characteristics . Freedom stands atop a cast - iron globe encircled with one of the national mottoes , E pluribus unum . The lower part of the base is decorated with fasces and wreaths . Ten bronze points tipped with platinum are attached to her headdress , shoulders , and shield for protection from lightning .","sentences":["The Statue of Freedom is a colossal bronze standing figure 19 \u2044 feet ( 5.9 m ) tall and weighing approximately 15,000 pounds ( 6,800 kg ) .","Her crest peaks at 288 feet ( 88 m ) above the east front plaza of the U.S. Capitol .","She is a female , allegorical figure whose right hand holds the hilt of a sheathed sword , while a laurel wreath of victory and the Shield of the United States are clasped in her left hand .","Her chiton is secured by a brooch inscribed `` U.S. '' and is partially covered by a heavy , Native American -- style fringed blanket thrown over her left shoulder .","She faces east towards the main entrance of the building and the rising Sun .","She wears a military helmet adorned with stars and an eagle 's head which is itself crowned by an umbrella - like crest of feathers .","Although not actually called `` Columbia '' , she shares many of her iconic characteristics .","Freedom stands atop a cast - iron globe encircled with one of the national mottoes , E pluribus unum .","The lower part of the base is decorated with fasces and wreaths .","Ten bronze points tipped with platinum are attached to her headdress , shoulders , and shield for protection from lightning ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4495351941233032489","input":"what is meant by asexual reproduction. list its any two different forms","passages":[{"title":"Asexual reproduction","text":"Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism grows from a fragment of the parent . Each fragment develops into a mature , fully grown individual . Fragmentation is seen in many organisms . Animals that reproduce asexually include planarians , many annelid worms including polychaetes and some oligochaetes , turbellarians and sea stars . Many fungi and plants reproduce asexually . Some plants have specialized structures for reproduction via fragmentation , such as gemma in liverworts . Most lichens , which are a symbiotic union of a fungus and photosynthetic algae or bacteria , reproduce through fragmentation to ensure that new individuals contain both symbiont . These fragments can take the form of soredia , dust - like particles consisting of fungal hyphen wrapped around photobiont cells .","sentences":["Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism grows from a fragment of the parent .","Each fragment develops into a mature , fully grown individual .","Fragmentation is seen in many organisms .","Animals that reproduce asexually include planarians , many annelid worms including polychaetes and some oligochaetes , turbellarians and sea stars .","Many fungi and plants reproduce asexually .","Some plants have specialized structures for reproduction via fragmentation , such as gemma in liverworts .","Most lichens , which are a symbiotic union of a fungus and photosynthetic algae or bacteria , reproduce through fragmentation to ensure that new individuals contain both symbiont .","These fragments can take the form of soredia , dust - like particles consisting of fungal hyphen wrapped around photobiont cells ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8398793591762524782","input":"how did the lords profit from their land","passages":[{"title":"Economy of England in the Middle Ages","text":"The Church in England was a major landowner throughout the medieval period and played an important part in the development of agriculture and rural trade in the first two centuries of Norman rule . The Cistercian order first arrived in England in 1128 , establishing around 80 new monastic houses over the next few years ; the wealthy Augustinians also established themselves and expanded to occupy around 150 houses , all supported by agricultural estates , many of them in the north of England . By the 13th century these and other orders were acquiring new lands and had become major economic players both as landowners and as middlemen in the expanding wool trade . In particular , the Cistercians led the development of the grange system . Granges were separate manors in which the fields were all cultivated by the monastic officials , rather than being divided up between demesne and rented fields , and became known for trialling new agricultural techniques during the period . Elsewhere , many monasteries had significant economic impact on the landscape , such as the monks of Glastonbury , responsible for the draining of the Somerset Levels to create new pasture land .","sentences":["The Church in England was a major landowner throughout the medieval period and played an important part in the development of agriculture and rural trade in the first two centuries of Norman rule .","The Cistercian order first arrived in England in 1128 , establishing around 80 new monastic houses over the next few years ; the wealthy Augustinians also established themselves and expanded to occupy around 150 houses , all supported by agricultural estates , many of them in the north of England .","By the 13th century these and other orders were acquiring new lands and had become major economic players both as landowners and as middlemen in the expanding wool trade .","In particular , the Cistercians led the development of the grange system .","Granges were separate manors in which the fields were all cultivated by the monastic officials , rather than being divided up between demesne and rented fields , and became known for trialling new agricultural techniques during the period .","Elsewhere , many monasteries had significant economic impact on the landscape , such as the monks of Glastonbury , responsible for the draining of the Somerset Levels to create new pasture land ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3505841742093194675","input":"what was movable type used for in china","passages":[{"title":"Movable type","text":"In 1298 , Wang Zhen ( \u738b \u796f \/ \u738b \u798e ) , a Yuan dynasty governmental official of Jingde County , Anhui Province , China , re-invented a method of making movable wooden types . He made more than 30,000 wooden movable types and printed 100 copies of Records of Jingde County ( \u300a \u65cc \u5fb7 \u7e23\u5fd7 \u300b ) , a book of more than 60,000 Chinese characters . Soon afterwards , he summarized his invention in his book A method of making moveable wooden types for printing books . Although the wooden type was more durable under the mechanical rigors of handling , repeated printing wore the character faces down , and the types could only be replaced by carving new pieces . This system was later enhanced by pressing wooden blocks into sand and casting metal types from the depression in copper , bronze , iron or tin . This new method overcame many of the shortcomings of woodblock printing . Rather than manually carving an individual block to print a single page , movable type printing allowed for the quick assembly of a page of text . Furthermore , these new , more compact type fonts could be reused and stored . The set of wafer - like metal stamp types could be assembled to form pages , inked , and page impressions taken from rubbings on cloth or paper . In 1322 , a Fenghua county officer Ma Chengde ( \u99ac \u79f0 \u5fb7 ) in Zhejiang , made 100,000 wooded movable types and printed the 43 - volume Daxue Yanyi ( \u300a \u5927\u5b78 \u884d \u7fa9 \u300b ) . Wooden movable types were used continually in China . Even as late as 1733 , a 2300 - volume Wuying Palace Collected Gems Edition ( \u300a \u6b66\u82f1 \u6bbf \u805a\u73cd \u7248 \u53e2\u66f8 \u300b ) was printed with 253,500 wooden movable types on order of the Yongzheng Emperor , and completed in one year .","sentences":["In 1298 , Wang Zhen ( \u738b \u796f \/ \u738b \u798e ) , a Yuan dynasty governmental official of Jingde County , Anhui Province , China , re-invented a method of making movable wooden types .","He made more than 30,000 wooden movable types and printed 100 copies of Records of Jingde County ( \u300a \u65cc \u5fb7 \u7e23\u5fd7 \u300b ) , a book of more than 60,000 Chinese characters .","Soon afterwards , he summarized his invention in his book A method of making moveable wooden types for printing books .","Although the wooden type was more durable under the mechanical rigors of handling , repeated printing wore the character faces down , and the types could only be replaced by carving new pieces .","This system was later enhanced by pressing wooden blocks into sand and casting metal types from the depression in copper , bronze , iron or tin .","This new method overcame many of the shortcomings of woodblock printing .","Rather than manually carving an individual block to print a single page , movable type printing allowed for the quick assembly of a page of text .","Furthermore , these new , more compact type fonts could be reused and stored .","The set of wafer - like metal stamp types could be assembled to form pages , inked , and page impressions taken from rubbings on cloth or paper .","In 1322 , a Fenghua county officer Ma Chengde ( \u99ac \u79f0 \u5fb7 ) in Zhejiang , made 100,000 wooded movable types and printed the 43 - volume Daxue Yanyi ( \u300a \u5927\u5b78 \u884d \u7fa9 \u300b ) .","Wooden movable types were used continually in China .","Even as late as 1733 , a 2300 - volume Wuying Palace Collected Gems Edition ( \u300a \u6b66\u82f1 \u6bbf","\u805a\u73cd \u7248 \u53e2\u66f8 \u300b ) was printed with 253,500 wooden movable types on order of the Yongzheng Emperor , and completed in one year ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7723858280776535286","input":"what plays a key role in digestion by secreting various enzymes that digest four types of food","passages":[{"title":"Digestive enzyme","text":"Erepsin : converts peptones and polypeptides into amino acids . Maltase : converts maltose into glucose . Lactase : This is a significant enzyme that converts lactose into glucose and galactose . A majority of Middle - Eastern and Asian populations lack this enzyme . This enzyme also decreases with age . As such lactose intolerance is often a common abdominal complaint in the Middle - Eastern , Asian , and older populations , manifesting with bloating , abdominal pain , and osmotic diarrhea . Sucrase : converts sucrose into glucose and fructose . Other disaccharidases","sentences":["Erepsin : converts peptones and polypeptides into amino acids .","Maltase : converts maltose into glucose .","Lactase :","This is a significant enzyme that converts lactose into glucose and galactose .","A majority of Middle - Eastern and Asian populations lack this enzyme .","This enzyme also decreases with age .","As such lactose intolerance is often a common abdominal complaint in the Middle - Eastern , Asian , and older populations , manifesting with bloating , abdominal pain , and osmotic diarrhea .","Sucrase : converts sucrose into glucose and fructose .","Other disaccharidases"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5241470604275910384","input":"what does the end of the man in the high castle mean","passages":[{"title":"The Man in the High Castle","text":"Characters from the book that do appear are in most cases far more fleshed out with deeper and sometimes rather different backstories than their novel originals . For instance Wegener is a Standartenf\u00fchrer in the SS rather than a naval captain ( and oddly there are no German military or naval -- as opposed to SS -- personnel depicted anywhere in the first season ) . Rather than being a member of an organized internal resistance ( and despite his relatively low rank ) Wegener is a close personal confidante of Hitler himself and his disillusionment with the regime appears to be largely personal . Juliana and Frank are unmarried but living together rather than divorced and separated . Frank has a sister , nephew and niece , although they are killed early in the series , and this propels him into a more active role in relation to the resistance . Juliana also has a sister whose murder by the Kempeitai early in the season instigates her search for the mysterious Man in the High Castle , as well as her having a mother and stepfather who are significant supporting characters . Joe Cinnadella is renamed Joe Blake and as he becomes closer to Juliana appears to have growing doubts about his role as a Nazi agent . Robert Childan is however a more minor character ( at least in Season 1 ) than the original , while Ed McCarthy has a rather more prominent and active role .","sentences":["Characters from the book that do appear are in most cases far more fleshed out with deeper and sometimes rather different backstories than their novel originals .","For instance Wegener is a Standartenf\u00fchrer in the SS rather than a naval captain ( and oddly there are no German military or naval -- as opposed to SS -- personnel depicted anywhere in the first season ) .","Rather than being a member of an organized internal resistance ( and despite his relatively low rank )","Wegener is a close personal confidante of Hitler himself and his disillusionment with the regime appears to be largely personal .","Juliana and Frank are unmarried but living together rather than divorced and separated .","Frank has a sister , nephew and niece , although they are killed early in the series , and this propels him into a more active role in relation to the resistance .","Juliana also has a sister whose murder by the Kempeitai early in the season instigates her search for the mysterious Man in the High Castle , as well as her having a mother and stepfather who are significant supporting characters .","Joe Cinnadella is renamed Joe Blake and as he becomes closer to Juliana appears to have growing doubts about his role as a Nazi agent .","Robert Childan is however a more minor character ( at least in Season 1 ) than the original , while Ed McCarthy has a rather more prominent and active role ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6420131005692078851","input":"the hot and dry summer season of india","passages":[{"title":"Climate of India","text":"In South India , particularly the hinterlands of Maharashtra , parts of Karnataka , and Andhra Pradesh , somewhat cooler weather prevails . Minimum temperatures in western Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh hover around 10 \u00b0 C ( 50 \u00b0 F ) ; in the southern Deccan Plateau , they reach 16 \u00b0 C ( 61 \u00b0 F ) . Coastal areas -- especially those near the Coromandel Coast and adjacent low - elevation interior tracts -- are warm , with daily high temperatures of 30 \u00b0 C ( 86 \u00b0 F ) and lows of around 21 \u00b0 C ( 70 \u00b0 F ) . The Western Ghats , including the Nilgiri Range , are exceptional ; lows there can fall below freezing . This compares with a range of 12 -- 14 \u00b0 C ( 54 -- 57 \u00b0 F ) on the Malabar Coast ; there , as is the case for other coastal areas , the Indian Ocean exerts a strong moderating influence on weather . The region averages 800 millimetres ( 31 in ) per year , most of which falls between October and December . The topography of the Bay of Bengal and the staggered weather pattern prevalent during the season favours the northeast monsoon , which has a tendency to cause cyclones and hurricanes rather than steady precipitation . As a result , the coast is hit by what can mildly be termed as inclement weather almost every year between October and January .","sentences":["In South India , particularly the hinterlands of Maharashtra , parts of Karnataka , and Andhra Pradesh , somewhat cooler weather prevails .","Minimum temperatures in western Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh hover around 10 \u00b0 C ( 50 \u00b0 F ) ; in the southern Deccan Plateau , they reach 16 \u00b0 C ( 61 \u00b0 F ) .","Coastal areas -- especially those near the Coromandel Coast and adjacent low - elevation interior tracts -- are warm , with daily high temperatures of 30 \u00b0 C ( 86 \u00b0 F ) and lows of around 21 \u00b0 C ( 70 \u00b0 F ) .","The Western Ghats , including the Nilgiri Range , are exceptional ; lows there can fall below freezing .","This compares with a range of 12 -- 14 \u00b0 C ( 54 -- 57 \u00b0 F ) on the Malabar Coast ; there , as is the case for other coastal areas , the Indian Ocean exerts a strong moderating influence on weather .","The region averages 800 millimetres ( 31 in ) per year , most of which falls between October and December .","The topography of the Bay of Bengal and the staggered weather pattern prevalent during the season favours the northeast monsoon , which has a tendency to cause cyclones and hurricanes rather than steady precipitation .","As a result , the coast is hit by what can mildly be termed as inclement weather almost every year between October and January ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3421563238449348315","input":"what are the bodies of water that surround the caribbean region","passages":[{"title":"Caribbean Sea","text":"The Caribbean is the setting for countless literary efforts often related to piracy acts and swashbuckling . One memorable work of pulp fiction has in its title a geographic feature unique in its way to the islands : Fear Cay , the eleventh Doc Savage adventure by Lester Dent . Many James Bond adventures were set there . It is also well known as the location of the Pirates of the Caribbean films , featuring Port Royal . Peter Matthiessen 's Far Tortuga ( 1975 ) chronicles the adventures of a turtling crew in the late 1960s . Saint","sentences":["The Caribbean is the setting for countless literary efforts often related to piracy acts and swashbuckling .","One memorable work of pulp fiction has in its title a geographic feature unique in its way to the islands : Fear Cay , the eleventh Doc Savage adventure by Lester Dent .","Many James Bond adventures were set there .","It is also well known as the location of the Pirates of the Caribbean films , featuring Port Royal .","Peter Matthiessen 's Far Tortuga ( 1975 ) chronicles the adventures of a turtling crew in the late 1960s .","Saint"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7952195259971487674","input":"what did the spanish want to do with the caribbean islands","passages":[{"title":"Spanish colonization of the Americas","text":"European explorers arrived in R\u00edo de la Plata in 1516 . Their first Spanish settlement in this zone was the Fort of Sancti Spiritu established in 1527 next to the Paran\u00e1 River . Buenos Aires , a permanent colony , was established in 1536 and in 1537 Asunci\u00f3n was established in the area that is now Paraguay . Buenos Aires suffered attacks by the indigenous peoples that forced the settlers away , and in 1541 the site was abandoned . A second ( and permanent ) settlement was established in 1580 by Juan de Garay , who arrived by sailing down the Paran\u00e1 River from Asunci\u00f3n ( now the capital of Paraguay ) . He dubbed the settlement `` Sant\u00edsima Trinidad '' and its port became `` Puerto de Santa Mar\u00eda de los Buenos Aires . '' The city came to be the head of the Governorate of the R\u00edo de la Plata and in 1776 elevated to be the capital of the new Viceroyalty of the R\u00edo de la Plata .","sentences":["European explorers arrived in R\u00edo de la Plata in 1516 .","Their first Spanish settlement in this zone was the Fort of Sancti Spiritu established in 1527 next to the Paran\u00e1 River .","Buenos Aires , a permanent colony , was established in 1536 and in 1537 Asunci\u00f3n was established in the area that is now Paraguay .","Buenos Aires suffered attacks by the indigenous peoples that forced the settlers away , and in 1541 the site was abandoned .","A second ( and permanent ) settlement was established in 1580 by Juan de Garay , who arrived by sailing down the Paran\u00e1 River from Asunci\u00f3n ( now the capital of Paraguay ) .","He dubbed the settlement `` Sant\u00edsima Trinidad '' and its port became `` Puerto de Santa Mar\u00eda de los Buenos Aires . ''","The city came to be the head of the Governorate of the R\u00edo de la Plata and in 1776 elevated to be the capital of the new Viceroyalty of the R\u00edo de la Plata ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7221836895145577890","input":"here right in front of us is the best painting in the exhibit","passages":[{"title":"Las Meninas","text":"In 17th - century Spain , painters rarely enjoyed high social status . Painting was regarded as a craft , not an art such as poetry or music . Nonetheless , Vel\u00e1zquez worked his way up through the ranks of the court of Philip IV , and in February 1651 was appointed palace chamberlain ( aposentador mayor del palacio ) . The post brought him status and material reward , but its duties made heavy demands on his time . During the remaining eight years of his life , he painted only a few works , mostly portraits of the royal family . When he painted Las Meninas , he had been with the royal household for 33 years .","sentences":["In 17th - century Spain , painters rarely enjoyed high social status .","Painting was regarded as a craft , not an art such as poetry or music .","Nonetheless , Vel\u00e1zquez worked his way up through the ranks of the court of Philip IV , and in February 1651 was appointed palace chamberlain ( aposentador mayor del palacio ) .","The post brought him status and material reward , but its duties made heavy demands on his time .","During the remaining eight years of his life , he painted only a few works , mostly portraits of the royal family .","When he painted Las Meninas , he had been with the royal household for 33 years ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1279108805043502144","input":"what is the plot of the book tangerine","passages":[{"title":"Tangerine (novel)","text":"On Senior Awards Night , Tino and Victor attack Erik and Arthur as revenge for killing Luis . The football coach restrains Tino , but Paul distracts him by jumping on his back , so that Tino and Victor can escape . Paul runs back to his house , where a confrontation with a furious Arthur and Erik causes Paul to finally fully recall the memory he had been repressing -- after spray - painting a wall and wrongfully assuming that Paul had turned them in , Erik restrained Paul while Vincent Castor ( his lackey at the time , mirroring Erik 's relationship with Arthur ) sprayed paint into Paul 's eyes as punishment . Paul confronts his parents about their concealment of the event . His mother cries and they admit to lying about the eclipse , stating that they were only trying to ensure that Paul never hated Erik . Paul 's father finally breaks down as well when Paul questions whether they thought that would be better than Paul hating himself instead .","sentences":["On Senior Awards Night , Tino and Victor attack Erik and Arthur as revenge for killing Luis .","The football coach restrains Tino , but Paul distracts him by jumping on his back , so that Tino and Victor can escape .","Paul runs back to his house , where a confrontation with a furious Arthur and Erik causes Paul to finally fully recall the memory he had been repressing -- after spray - painting a wall and wrongfully assuming that Paul had turned them in , Erik restrained Paul while Vincent Castor ( his lackey at the time , mirroring Erik 's relationship with Arthur ) sprayed paint into Paul 's eyes as punishment .","Paul confronts his parents about their concealment of the event .","His mother cries and they admit to lying about the eclipse , stating that they were only trying to ensure that Paul never hated Erik .","Paul 's father finally breaks down as well when Paul questions whether they thought that would be better than Paul hating himself instead ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-843156348922823909","input":"when does the new season of marvel's shield start","passages":[{"title":"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 4)","text":"The new LMDs are aware of their nature , and plan to carry out Ivanov 's goal of destroying all Inhumans . Simmons discovers that Mace , Mack , and Fitz are the other new LMDs , and overpowers Fitz . Johnson also discovers them , and plans with Simmons to hack into the Framework remotely to find the others from the inside . Aida kills Radcliffe 's body , but lets his consciousness live in the Framework . Johnson overpowers the Mace , Mack , and Coulson LMDs , but they find the May LMD waiting for them at the base entrance , tasked with detonating a large explosive to prevent their escape . The May LMD instead lets them leave , and destroys the base with the LMDs inside . In the Framework , the agents find an altered reality : Johnson is in a relationship with an alive Grant Ward ; Coulson is teaching about Inhumans ; Hope is alive with Mack ; Fitz is rich ; Simmons is dead ; and May works for Hydra , which has replaced S.H.I.E.L.D. In the real world , Aida is able to sever Ivanov 's living head from his crippled body and builds android bodies for his mind to control .","sentences":["The new LMDs are aware of their nature , and plan to carry out Ivanov 's goal of destroying all Inhumans .","Simmons discovers that Mace , Mack , and Fitz are the other new LMDs , and overpowers Fitz .","Johnson also discovers them , and plans with Simmons to hack into the Framework remotely to find the others from the inside .","Aida kills Radcliffe 's body , but lets his consciousness live in the Framework .","Johnson overpowers the Mace , Mack , and Coulson LMDs , but they find the May LMD waiting for them at the base entrance , tasked with detonating a large explosive to prevent their escape .","The May LMD instead lets them leave , and destroys the base with the LMDs inside .","In the Framework , the agents find an altered reality : Johnson is in a relationship with an alive Grant Ward ; Coulson is teaching about Inhumans ; Hope is alive with Mack ; Fitz is rich ; Simmons is dead ; and May works for Hydra , which has replaced S.H.I.E.L.D.","In the real world , Aida is able to sever Ivanov 's living head from his crippled body and builds android bodies for his mind to control ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7916439722601621269","input":"where is the white matter located in the brain","passages":[{"title":"White matter","text":"A 2009 paper by Jan Scholz and colleagues used diffusion tensor imaging ( DTI ) to demonstrate changes in white matter volume as a result of learning a new motor task ( e.g. juggling ) . The study is important as the first paper to correlate motor learning with white matter changes . Previously , many researchers had considered this type of learning to be exclusively mediated by dendrites , which are not present in white matter . The authors suggest that electrical activity in axons may regulate myelination in axons . Or , gross changes in the diameter or packing density of the axon might cause the change . A more recent DTI study by Sampaio - Baptista and colleagues reported changes in white matter with motor learning along with increases in myelination .","sentences":["A 2009 paper by Jan Scholz and colleagues used diffusion tensor imaging ( DTI ) to demonstrate changes in white matter volume as a result of learning a new motor task ( e.g. juggling ) .","The study is important as the first paper to correlate motor learning with white matter changes .","Previously , many researchers had considered this type of learning to be exclusively mediated by dendrites , which are not present in white matter .","The authors suggest that electrical activity in axons may regulate myelination in axons .","Or , gross changes in the diameter or packing density of the axon might cause the change .","A more recent DTI study by Sampaio - Baptista and colleagues reported changes in white matter with motor learning along with increases in myelination ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4217754855856945064","input":"what section of the outline is represented by a. continents of the world","passages":[{"title":"Four continents","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( February 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) The","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( February 2016 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9037903347215600299","input":"when was the drink driving law introduced in australia","passages":[{"title":"Alcohol laws of Australia","text":"Before 1970 , the drinking age in Western Australia was 21 . Today , it is illegal for any person under the age of 18 years to purchase , supply , or drink alcohol on licensed or regulated premises , even if they are with their parents or guardian . The maximum penalty for a minor to consume alcohol on licensed premises is a A $2,000 fine . The law does allow a minor to consume alcohol for religious purposes for example Holy Communion . It is an offence in Western Australia for persons of any age to drink in public , such as on the street , park , or beach without first having obtained a permit from the appropriate local government authority . Such permits are at the discretion of the local council - some public events have a total ban on alcohol consumption and no permits will be issued .","sentences":["Before 1970 , the drinking age in Western Australia was 21 .","Today , it is illegal for any person under the age of 18 years to purchase , supply , or drink alcohol on licensed or regulated premises , even if they are with their parents or guardian .","The maximum penalty for a minor to consume alcohol on licensed premises is a A $2,000 fine .","The law does allow a minor to consume alcohol for religious purposes for example Holy Communion .","It is an offence in Western Australia for persons of any age to drink in public , such as on the street , park , or beach without first having obtained a permit from the appropriate local government authority .","Such permits are at the discretion of the local council - some public events have a total ban on alcohol consumption and no permits will be issued ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4685844215417240648","input":"when did coke first come in a can","passages":[{"title":"Drink can","text":"Modern cans are generally produced through a mechanical cold forming process that starts with punching a flat blank from very stiff cold - rolled sheet . This sheet is typically alloy 3104 - H19 or 3004 - H19 , which is aluminium with about 1 % manganese and 1 % magnesium to give it strength and formability . The flat blank is first formed into a cup about three inches in diameter . This cup is then pushed through a different forming process called `` ironing '' which forms the can . The bottom of the can is also shaped at this time . The malleable metal deforms into the shape of an open - top can . With the sophisticated technology of the dies and the forming machines , the side of the can is significantly thinner than either the top and bottom areas , where stiffness is required .","sentences":["Modern cans are generally produced through a mechanical cold forming process that starts with punching a flat blank from very stiff cold - rolled sheet .","This sheet is typically alloy 3104 - H19 or 3004 - H19 , which is aluminium with about 1 % manganese and 1 % magnesium to give it strength and formability .","The flat blank is first formed into a cup about three inches in diameter .","This cup is then pushed through a different forming process called `` ironing '' which forms the can .","The bottom of the can is also shaped at this time .","The malleable metal deforms into the shape of an open - top can .","With the sophisticated technology of the dies and the forming machines , the side of the can is significantly thinner than either the top and bottom areas , where stiffness is required ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4391206239665268441","input":"the articles of confederation of the united colonies of new england","passages":[{"title":"New England Confederation","text":"The United Colonies of New England , commonly known as the New England Confederation , was a short - lived military alliance of the English colonies of Massachusetts Bay , Plymouth , Connecticut , and New Haven . Formed in May 1643 , its primary purpose was to unite the Puritan colonies in support of the church , and for defense against the Native Americans and the Dutch colony of New Netherland . It was the first notable milestone on the long rocky road towards colonial unity . It was established as a direct result of a war that started between the Mohegan and Narragansetts . Its charter provided for the return of fugitive criminals and indentured servants , and served as a forum for resolving inter-colonial disputes . In practice , none of the goals were accomplished .","sentences":["The United Colonies of New England , commonly known as the New England Confederation , was a short - lived military alliance of the English colonies of Massachusetts Bay , Plymouth , Connecticut , and New Haven .","Formed in May 1643 , its primary purpose was to unite the Puritan colonies in support of the church , and for defense against the Native Americans and the Dutch colony of New Netherland .","It was the first notable milestone on the long rocky road towards colonial unity .","It was established as a direct result of a war that started between the Mohegan and Narragansetts .","Its charter provided for the return of fugitive criminals and indentured servants , and served as a forum for resolving inter-colonial disputes .","In practice , none of the goals were accomplished ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7490362631220876404","input":"where were the critical world war i battles fought","passages":[{"title":"Hungary in World War I","text":"On November 11 , 1918 , World War I ended for Austria - Hungary with a complete military loss , even if at the time of the collapse , all forces were standing outside the borders of 1914 . With the collapse of the army , Austria - Hungary also collapsed . The ethnic groups of Kingdom of Hungary called for independent nation - states . In the Treaty of Trianon signed on June 4 , 1920 , Hungary lost two - thirds of its territory , more than half of its population , more territory than any other country at that time ( excluding colonies ) . Eight million Hungarians left in Hungary and more than 3 million Hungarians were stranded outside of the newly established borders . New nations , such as Czechoslovakia , Poland , and Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes were established and some already existing countries have extended their territories ( Italy and Romania ) . The southern part of Hungary was given to Yugoslavia and renamed Vojvodina . Bosnia - Herzegovina was also incorporated in Yugoslavia and Croatia became part of Yugoslavia also , after a 900 years federation with Hungary . More than 104.000 square km -- the whole of Eastern Hungary and Transylvania -- were awarded by the Entente to Romania , more than what was left for Hungary itself 93.030 sq.km . The northern part of Hungary was annexed by the newly created Czechoslovakia .","sentences":["On November 11 , 1918 , World War I ended for Austria - Hungary with a complete military loss , even if at the time of the collapse , all forces were standing outside the borders of 1914 .","With the collapse of the army , Austria - Hungary also collapsed .","The ethnic groups of Kingdom of Hungary called for independent nation - states .","In the Treaty of Trianon signed on June 4 , 1920 , Hungary lost two - thirds of its territory , more than half of its population , more territory than any other country at that time ( excluding colonies ) .","Eight million Hungarians left in Hungary and more than 3 million Hungarians were stranded outside of the newly established borders .","New nations , such as Czechoslovakia , Poland , and Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes were established and some already existing countries have extended their territories ( Italy and Romania ) .","The southern part of Hungary was given to Yugoslavia and renamed Vojvodina .","Bosnia - Herzegovina was also incorporated in Yugoslavia and Croatia became part of Yugoslavia also , after a 900 years federation with Hungary .","More than 104.000 square km -- the whole of Eastern Hungary and Transylvania -- were awarded by the Entente to Romania , more than what was left for Hungary itself 93.030 sq.km .","The northern part of Hungary was annexed by the newly created Czechoslovakia ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7748529653244969681","input":"4 lobes of the brain and what they do","passages":[{"title":"Lobes of the brain","text":"Cerebral lobes Lateral surface of cerebrum. 4 lobes are shown . Medial surface of cerebrum. 5 lobes are shown . Identifiers NeuroNames 1210 NeuroLex ID birnlex_922 TA A14. 1.09. 005 FMA 61823 77800 , 61823 Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy ( edit on Wikidata )","sentences":["Cerebral lobes Lateral surface of cerebrum.","4 lobes are shown .","Medial surface of cerebrum.","5 lobes are shown .","Identifiers NeuroNames 1210 NeuroLex ID birnlex_922 TA A14.","1.09.","005 FMA 61823 77800 , 61823 Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy ( edit on Wikidata )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6474885913177086295","input":"where is the house that casper was filmed in","passages":[{"title":"Casper (film)","text":"Casper received mixed reviews from critics . On Rotten Tomatoes , the film has a rating of 44 % , based on 36 reviews , with the site 's critical consensus reading , `` A meandering , mindless family movie that frequently resorts to special effects and transparent sappiness . '' Time Out London described it as `` an intimate and likeable film '' . Roger Ebert gave the film three out of four stars , calling it a `` technical achievement , it 's impressive , and entertaining . And there is even a little winsome philosophy . '' Robert Firsching of allmovie gave the film his average star rating while praising the film for its visual effects .","sentences":["Casper received mixed reviews from critics .","On Rotten Tomatoes , the film has a rating of 44 % , based on 36 reviews , with the site 's critical consensus reading , `` A meandering , mindless family movie that frequently resorts to special effects and transparent sappiness . ''","Time Out","London described it as `` an intimate and likeable film '' .","Roger Ebert gave the film three out of four stars , calling it a `` technical achievement , it 's impressive , and entertaining .","And there is even a little winsome philosophy . ''","Robert Firsching of allmovie gave the film his average star rating while praising the film for its visual effects ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6125029296289650679","input":"who do you think you are uk 2015","passages":[{"title":"Who Do You Think You Are? (UK TV series)","text":"# Celebrity Original air date Viewers ( millions ) -- Who Do They Think They Are ? : 10 Years , 100 Shows 6 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 06 ) Unknown ( under 3.34 ) Julie Walters 7 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 07 ) 5.23 Walters traces her Irish great - grandfather , Anthony Clarke . Brian Blessed 14 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 14 ) 5.31 Blessed traces his great - great - great - grandfather , Barnabus Blessed , a bookbinder , and discovers that after moving from London to Portsmouth , his four children were left orphans . Blessed 's great - great - grandfather , Jabez Blessed , became a `` real life Oliver Twist '' . Tamzin Outhwaite 21 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 21 ) 4.94 Brendan O'Carroll 28 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 28 ) 6.06 5 Sheridan Smith 4 September 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 04 ) 4.74 6 Mary Berry 11 September 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 11 ) 4.75 7 Martin Shaw 18 September 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 18 ) 5.39 8 Reggie Yates 25 September 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 25 ) 4.18 9 Billy Connolly 2 October 2014 ( 2014 - 10 - 02 ) 5.74 10 Twiggy 9 October 2014 ( 2014 - 10 - 09 ) 5.33","sentences":["# Celebrity Original air date Viewers ( millions ) -- Who Do They Think They Are ?",": 10 Years , 100 Shows 6 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 06 )","Unknown ( under 3.34 )","Julie Walters 7 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 07 ) 5.23 Walters traces her Irish great - grandfather , Anthony Clarke .","Brian Blessed 14 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 14 ) 5.31","Blessed traces his great - great - great - grandfather , Barnabus Blessed , a bookbinder , and discovers that after moving from London to Portsmouth , his four children were left orphans .","Blessed 's great - great - grandfather , Jabez Blessed , became a `` real life Oliver Twist '' .","Tamzin Outhwaite 21 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 21 ) 4.94 Brendan O'Carroll 28 August 2014 ( 2014 - 08 - 28 ) 6.06 5 Sheridan Smith 4 September 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 04 ) 4.74 6 Mary Berry 11 September 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 11 ) 4.75 7","Martin Shaw 18 September 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 18 ) 5.39 8 Reggie Yates 25 September 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 25 ) 4.18 9 Billy Connolly 2 October 2014 ( 2014 - 10 - 02 ) 5.74 10 Twiggy 9 October 2014 ( 2014 - 10 - 09 ) 5.33"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2112523048710813722","input":"what is it is what it is in spanish","passages":[{"title":"Spanish language","text":"Spanish was removed from official status in 1973 under the administration of Ferdinand Marcos , but regained its status as an official language two months later under Presidential Decree No. 155 , dated 15 March 1973 . It remained an official language until 1987 , with the ratification of the present constitution , in which it was re-designated as a voluntary and optional auxiliary language . In 2010 , President Gloria Macapagal - Arroyo encouraged the reintroduction of Spanish - language teaching in the Philippine education system . But by 2012 , the number of secondary schools at which the language was either a compulsory subject or an elective had become very limited . Today , despite government promotions of Spanish , less than 0.5 % of the population report being able to speak the language proficiently . Aside from standard Spanish , a Spanish - based creole language -- Chavacano -- developed in the southern Philippines . The number of Chavacano - speakers was estimated at 1.2 million in 1996 . However , it is not mutually intelligible with Spanish . Speakers of the Zamboangue\u00f1o variety of Chavacano were numbered about 360,000 in the 2000 census . The local languages of the Philippines also retain some Spanish influence , with many words being derived from Mexican Spanish , owing to the control of the islands by Spain through Mexico City until 1821 , and then directly from Madrid until 1898 .","sentences":["Spanish was removed from official status in 1973 under the administration of Ferdinand Marcos , but regained its status as an official language two months later under Presidential Decree No. 155 , dated 15 March 1973 .","It remained an official language until 1987 , with the ratification of the present constitution , in which it was re-designated as a voluntary and optional auxiliary language .","In 2010 , President Gloria Macapagal - Arroyo encouraged the reintroduction of Spanish - language teaching in the Philippine education system .","But by 2012 , the number of secondary schools at which the language was either a compulsory subject or an elective had become very limited .","Today , despite government promotions of Spanish , less than 0.5 % of the population report being able to speak the language proficiently .","Aside from standard Spanish , a Spanish - based creole language -- Chavacano -- developed in the southern Philippines .","The number of Chavacano - speakers was estimated at 1.2 million in 1996 .","However , it is not mutually intelligible with Spanish .","Speakers of the Zamboangue\u00f1o variety of Chavacano were numbered about 360,000 in the 2000 census .","The local languages of the Philippines also retain some Spanish influence , with many words being derived from Mexican Spanish , owing to the control of the islands by Spain through Mexico City until 1821 , and then directly from Madrid until 1898 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6616679756160350002","input":"what kind of dog was fang in get smart","passages":[{"title":"Briard","text":"This breed is also commonly screened for congenital stationary night blindness ( SNB ) with a DNA test . SNB is inherited through recessive genes . Progressive retinal atrophy PRA , is a disease that causes nerve cells at the back of the eye to degenerate . The condition usually begins in older pets and can lead to blindness . Progressive retinal degeneration or atrophy ( PRD \/ PRA ) represents a group of inherited eye diseases characterized by abnormal development or premature degeneration of the retina . There are two types of photoreceptors in the retina and these are the light - sensitive rods and cones . They are responsible for detecting light and converting it into an electrical signal that travels to the brain . When the photoreceptor cells deteriorate , vision is lost because the animal has no way to generate an image from the light reaching the retina . Puppies are usually blind before one year of age . For the first time ever , animals ( Briards ) that were born blind gained the ability to see after undergoing gene therapy , according to research from the University of Florida , Cornell University and the University of Pennsylvania . UF researchers had established that the apparently harmless adeno - associated virus can carry healthy copies of a gene into the cells of the retina , which is composed of layers of light - sensitive nerve cells . The healthy gene 's mission : to produce a protein critical to translating light waves into nerve impulses that can be interpreted as images by the brain . The study was successful and the puppies could see in the eye that was treated . Officials from the Foundation Fighting Blindness , which supported the study with grant funds , said the success in reversing blindness in dogs is an important advance .","sentences":["This breed is also commonly screened for congenital stationary night blindness ( SNB ) with a DNA test .","SNB is inherited through recessive genes .","Progressive retinal atrophy PRA , is a disease that causes nerve cells at the back of the eye to degenerate .","The condition usually begins in older pets and can lead to blindness .","Progressive retinal degeneration or atrophy ( PRD \/ PRA ) represents a group of inherited eye diseases characterized by abnormal development or premature degeneration of the retina .","There are two types of photoreceptors in the retina and these are the light - sensitive rods and cones .","They are responsible for detecting light and converting it into an electrical signal that travels to the brain .","When the photoreceptor cells deteriorate , vision is lost because the animal has no way to generate an image from the light reaching the retina .","Puppies are usually blind before one year of age .","For the first time ever , animals ( Briards ) that were born blind gained the ability to see after undergoing gene therapy , according to research from the University of Florida , Cornell University and the University of Pennsylvania .","UF researchers had established that the apparently harmless adeno - associated virus can carry healthy copies of a gene into the cells of the retina , which is composed of layers of light - sensitive nerve cells .","The healthy gene 's mission : to produce a protein critical to translating light waves into nerve impulses that can be interpreted as images by the brain .","The study was successful and the puppies could see in the eye that was treated .","Officials from the Foundation Fighting Blindness , which supported the study with grant funds , said the success in reversing blindness in dogs is an important advance ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-488170309360997828","input":"what did the greek warrior say when he got out of the wooden horse","passages":[{"title":"Trojan Horse","text":"While questioning Sinon , the Trojan priest Laoco\u00f6n guesses the plot and warns the Trojans , in Virgil 's famous line Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes ( `` I fear Greeks , even those bearing gifts '' ) , Danai ( acc Danaos ) or Danaans ( Homer 's name for the Greeks ) being the ones who had built the Trojan Horse . However , the god Poseidon sends two sea serpents to strangle him and his sons Antiphantes and Thymbraeus before any Trojan heeds his warning . According to Apollodorus the two serpents were sent by Apollo , whom Laocoon had insulted by sleeping with his wife in front of the `` divine image '' . In the Odyssey , Homer says that Helen of Troy also guesses the plot and tries to trick and uncover the Greek soldiers inside the horse by imitating the voices of their wives , and Anticlus attempts to answer , but Odysseus shuts his mouth with his hand . King Priam 's daughter Cassandra , the soothsayer of Troy , insists that the horse will be the downfall of the city and its royal family . She too is ignored , hence their doom and loss of the war .","sentences":["While questioning Sinon , the Trojan priest Laoco\u00f6n guesses the plot and warns the Trojans , in Virgil 's famous line Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes ( `` I fear Greeks , even those bearing gifts '' ) , Danai ( acc Danaos ) or Danaans ( Homer 's name for the Greeks ) being the ones who had built the Trojan Horse .","However , the god Poseidon sends two sea serpents to strangle him and his sons Antiphantes and Thymbraeus before any Trojan heeds his warning .","According to Apollodorus the two serpents were sent by Apollo , whom Laocoon had insulted by sleeping with his wife in front of the `` divine image '' .","In the Odyssey , Homer says that Helen of Troy also guesses the plot and tries to trick and uncover the Greek soldiers inside the horse by imitating the voices of their wives , and Anticlus attempts to answer , but Odysseus shuts his mouth with his hand .","King Priam 's daughter Cassandra , the soothsayer of Troy , insists that the horse will be the downfall of the city and its royal family .","She too is ignored , hence their doom and loss of the war ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2970148093248027436","input":"write a note on the elements of romanticism in 'dejection an ode'","passages":[{"title":"Dejection: An Ode","text":"Coleridge wrote in his notebook about Hutchinson and possible poems : `` Can see nothing extraordinary in her -- a Poem nothing all the virtues of the mild & retired kind ( ... ) Poem on this night on Helvellin \/ William & Dorothy & Mary \/ -- Sara & I -- ( ... ) Poem on the length of our acquaintance \/ all the hours that I have been thinking of her &c . '' During this time in 1802 , Coleridge was separated from his family and he eventually returned home during March . The relationship between him and his wife was restarted and they had a daughter in December 1802 . However , of the poems he intended to write about Hutchinson , he managed to complete one and an early draft was sent to her in a letter on 4 April 1802 .","sentences":["Coleridge wrote in his notebook about Hutchinson and possible poems : `` Can see nothing extraordinary in her -- a Poem nothing all the virtues of the mild & retired kind ( ... )","Poem on this night on Helvellin \/ William & Dorothy & Mary \/ -- Sara & I -- ( ... )","Poem on the length of our acquaintance \/ all the hours that I have been thinking of her &c . ''","During this time in 1802 , Coleridge was separated from his family and he eventually returned home during March .","The relationship between him and his wife was restarted and they had a daughter in December 1802 .","However , of the poems he intended to write about Hutchinson , he managed to complete one and an early draft was sent to her in a letter on 4 April 1802 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5474689732053901570","input":"how many miles did the khanate of the golden horde stretch from east to west","passages":[{"title":"Golden Horde","text":"One of the Jochid princes who joined Hulagu 's army was accused of witchcraft and sorcery against Hulagu . After receiving permission from Berke , Hulagu executed him . After that two more Jochid princes died suspiciously . According to some Muslim sources , Hulagu refused to share his war booty with Berke in accordance with Genghis Khan 's wish . Berke was a devoted Muslim who had had a close relationship with the Abbasid Caliph Al - Musta'sim , who had been killed by Hulagu in 1258 . The Jochids believed that Hulagu 's state eliminated their presence in the Transcaucasus . Those events increased the anger of Berke and the war between the Golden Horde and the Ilkhanate soon broke out in 1262 .","sentences":["One of the Jochid princes who joined Hulagu 's army was accused of witchcraft and sorcery against Hulagu .","After receiving permission from Berke , Hulagu executed him .","After that two more Jochid princes died suspiciously .","According to some Muslim sources , Hulagu refused to share his war booty with Berke in accordance with Genghis Khan 's wish .","Berke was a devoted Muslim who had had a close relationship with the Abbasid Caliph Al - Musta'sim , who had been killed by Hulagu in 1258 .","The Jochids believed that Hulagu 's state eliminated their presence in the Transcaucasus .","Those events increased the anger of Berke and the war between the Golden Horde and the Ilkhanate soon broke out in 1262 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8831355156429021832","input":"what is the difference between large scale production and small scale production","passages":[{"title":"Craft","text":"Handicraft is the `` traditional '' main sector of the crafts , it is a type of work where useful and decorative devices are made completely by hand or by using only simple tools . Usually the term is applied to traditional means of making goods . The individual artisanship of the items is a paramount criterion , such items often have cultural and \/ or religious significance . Items made by mass production or machines are not handicraft goods . Handicraft goods are made with craft production processes . Mexican","sentences":["Handicraft is the `` traditional '' main sector of the crafts , it is a type of work where useful and decorative devices are made completely by hand or by using only simple tools .","Usually the term is applied to traditional means of making goods .","The individual artisanship of the items is a paramount criterion , such items often have cultural and \/ or religious significance .","Items made by mass production or machines are not handicraft goods .","Handicraft goods are made with craft production processes .","Mexican"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7685811160124890147","input":"where is the blue nile river located on a map","passages":[{"title":"Blue Nile","text":"Although a number of European explorers contemplated tracing the course of the Blue Nile from its confluence with the White Nile to Lake Tana , its gorge , which begins a few kilometres inside the Ethiopian border , has discouraged all attempts since Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Cailliaud 's attempt in 1821 . The first serious attempt by a non-local to explore this reach of the river was undertaken by the American W.W. Macmillan in 1902 , assisted by the Norwegian explorer B.H. Jenssen ; Jenssen would proceed upriver from Khartoum while Macmillan sailed downstream from Lake Tana . However , Jenssen 's boats were blocked by the rapids at Famaka short of the Sudan - Ethiopian border , and Macmillan 's boats were wrecked shortly after they had been launched . Macmillan encouraged Jenssen to try to sail upstream from Khartoum again in 1905 , but he was forced to stop 500 kilometres ( 300 mi ) short of Lake Tana . R.E. Cheesman , who records his surprise on arriving in Ethiopia at finding that the upper waters of `` one of the most famous of the rivers of the world , and one whose name was well known to the ancients '' was in his lifetime `` marked on the map by dotted lines '' , managed to map the upper course of the Blue Nile between 1925 -- 1933 . He did this not by following the river along its banks and through its impassable canyon , but following it from the highlands above , travelling some 8,000 km ( 5,000 mi ) by mule in the adjacent country . New","sentences":["Although a number of European explorers contemplated tracing the course of the Blue Nile from its confluence with the White Nile to Lake Tana , its gorge , which begins a few kilometres inside the Ethiopian border , has discouraged all attempts since Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Cailliaud 's attempt in 1821 .","The first serious attempt by a non-local to explore this reach of the river was undertaken by the American W.W. Macmillan in 1902 , assisted by the Norwegian explorer B.H. Jenssen ; Jenssen would proceed upriver from Khartoum while Macmillan sailed downstream from Lake Tana .","However , Jenssen 's boats were blocked by the rapids at Famaka short of the Sudan - Ethiopian border , and Macmillan 's boats were wrecked shortly after they had been launched .","Macmillan encouraged Jenssen to try to sail upstream from Khartoum again in 1905 , but he was forced to stop 500 kilometres ( 300 mi ) short of Lake Tana .","R.E. Cheesman , who records his surprise on arriving in Ethiopia at finding that the upper waters of `` one of the most famous of the rivers of the world , and one whose name was well known to the ancients '' was in his lifetime `` marked on the map by dotted lines '' , managed to map the upper course of the Blue Nile between 1925 -- 1933 .","He did this not by following the river along its banks and through its impassable canyon , but following it from the highlands above , travelling some 8,000 km ( 5,000 mi ) by mule in the adjacent country .","New"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9220372577213585158","input":"who sings im a loser baby so why","passages":[{"title":"Loser (Beck song)","text":"Described as an alternative rock and abstract hip hop song , `` Loser '' is influenced by blues , hip hop , and folk . Beck acknowledged the impact of folk on the song , saying `` I 'd realized that a lot of what folk music is about taking a tradition and reflecting your own time . I knew my folk music would take off , if I put hip - hop beats behind it . '' He had also perceived similarities between Delta blues and hip hop , which helped to inspire the song . `` Loser '' revolves around several recurring musical elements : a slide guitar riff , Stephenson 's sitar , the bassline , and a tremolo guitar part . The song 's drum track is sampled from a Johnny Jenkins cover of Dr. John 's `` I Walk on Gilded Splinters '' from the 1970 album Ton - Ton Macoute ! . During the song 's break , there is a sample of a line of dialogue from the 1994 Steve Hanft - directed film Kill the Moonlight , which goes `` I 'm a driver \/ I 'm a winner \/ Things are gon na change , I can feel it '' . Hanft and Beck were friends , and Hanft would go on to direct several music videos for Beck , including the video for `` Loser '' .","sentences":["Described as an alternative rock and abstract hip hop song , `` Loser '' is influenced by blues , hip hop , and folk .","Beck acknowledged the impact of folk on the song , saying `` I 'd realized that a lot of what folk music is about taking a tradition and reflecting your own time .","I knew my folk music would take off , if I put hip - hop beats behind it . ''","He had also perceived similarities between Delta blues and hip hop , which helped to inspire the song .","`` Loser '' revolves around several recurring musical elements : a slide guitar riff , Stephenson 's sitar , the bassline , and a tremolo guitar part .","The song 's drum track is sampled from a Johnny Jenkins cover of Dr. John 's `` I Walk on Gilded Splinters '' from the 1970 album Ton - Ton Macoute ! .","During the song 's break , there is a sample of a line of dialogue from the 1994 Steve Hanft - directed film Kill the Moonlight , which goes `` I 'm a driver \/ I 'm a winner \/ Things are gon na change , I can feel it '' .","Hanft and Beck were friends , and Hanft would go on to direct several music videos for Beck , including the video for `` Loser '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"516981028850476308","input":"when does the sydney royal easter show start 2013","passages":[{"title":"Sydney Royal Easter Show","text":"The first purpose of the show is specifically to encourage agriculture . Although other aspects of the show have developed including competitions , entertainment and commerce , the display of the products of rural industry remain of major importance , the RAS claiming 30,000 rural exhibits in 2007 . One of the most popular sights at the show is the `` District Exhibits '' competition . These displays are set up by four districts of NSW and South East Queensland . A theme is selected and created pictorially on a large scale , to strict rules and using only the produce of the particular district which typically includes wool , wheat , apples , pumpkins , sugar cane , citrus fruit , vegetables and brightly coloured bottles of preserves . Also displayed are other primary products such as fleeces , carcases of beef , wine , honey , cheese and sausages . There is also a flower show at which are judged both horticultural specimens and floral displays . Livestock","sentences":["The first purpose of the show is specifically to encourage agriculture .","Although other aspects of the show have developed including competitions , entertainment and commerce , the display of the products of rural industry remain of major importance , the RAS claiming 30,000 rural exhibits in 2007 .","One of the most popular sights at the show is the `` District Exhibits '' competition .","These displays are set up by four districts of NSW and South East Queensland .","A theme is selected and created pictorially on a large scale , to strict rules and using only the produce of the particular district which typically includes wool , wheat , apples , pumpkins , sugar cane , citrus fruit , vegetables and brightly coloured bottles of preserves .","Also displayed are other primary products such as fleeces , carcases of beef , wine , honey , cheese and sausages .","There is also a flower show at which are judged both horticultural specimens and floral displays .","Livestock"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3071920709384690836","input":"what two mercosur countries are also members of the g-20","passages":[{"title":"G20","text":"As previously stated , the Spanish government 's policy is to not request official membership . Despite being hit hard by the economic crisis after 2008 , Spain is still the world 's fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP ( the 5th in the European Union ) and sixteenth largest by purchasing power parity , clearly exceeding the numbers of several current members of the G20 such as Argentina or South Africa . In addition , since the 1990s several Spanish companies have gained multinational status , often expanding their activities in culturally close Latin America , where Spain is the second biggest foreign investor after the United States and keeps an important influence . These facts have reinforced the idea that Spain should seek permanent membership of the G20 . On the other hand , Spain , which is a European country , is not a representation of Latin America , therefore some observers think another country from South America should be included as well as Argentina . Polish","sentences":["As previously stated , the Spanish government 's policy is to not request official membership .","Despite being hit hard by the economic crisis after 2008 , Spain is still the world 's fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP ( the 5th in the European Union ) and sixteenth largest by purchasing power parity , clearly exceeding the numbers of several current members of the G20 such as Argentina or South Africa .","In addition , since the 1990s several Spanish companies have gained multinational status , often expanding their activities in culturally close Latin America , where Spain is the second biggest foreign investor after the United States and keeps an important influence .","These facts have reinforced the idea that Spain should seek permanent membership of the G20 .","On the other hand , Spain , which is a European country , is not a representation of Latin America , therefore some observers think another country from South America should be included as well as Argentina .","Polish"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2718092230822220542","input":"where are the less prosperous countries of europe located","passages":[{"title":"Geography and wealth","text":"In `` Climate and Scale in Economic Growth , '' William A. Masters and Margaret S. McMillan of Purdue University and Tufts University hypothesize that the disparity is partially due to the effects of frost in increasing soil fertility . Hernando Zuleta , of the Universidad del Rosario , has proposed that where output fluctuations are more profound , i.e. areas that experience winter , saving is more pronounced , which leads to the adoption or creation of capital - intensive technologies . Daron Acemoglu , Simon Johnson , and James A. Robinson of MIT argued in 2001 that in places where Europeans faced high mortality rates , they could not settle and were more likely to set up exploitative institutions . These institutions offered no protection for private property or checks and balances against government expropriation . They assert that after controlling for the effect of institutions , countries in Africa or those closer to the equator do not have lower incomes . This work has been disputed by David Albouy , who argues that European mortality rates in the study were badly mismeasured , falsely supporting its conclusion . The authors of `` Brain size , cranial morphology , climate , and time machines '' assert that colder climates increase brain size , resulting in an intelligence differential .","sentences":["In `` Climate and Scale in Economic Growth , '' William A. Masters and Margaret S. McMillan of Purdue University and Tufts University hypothesize that the disparity is partially due to the effects of frost in increasing soil fertility .","Hernando Zuleta , of the Universidad del Rosario , has proposed that where output fluctuations are more profound , i.e. areas that experience winter , saving is more pronounced , which leads to the adoption or creation of capital - intensive technologies .","Daron Acemoglu , Simon Johnson , and James A. Robinson of MIT argued in 2001 that in places where Europeans faced high mortality rates , they could not settle and were more likely to set up exploitative institutions .","These institutions offered no protection for private property or checks and balances against government expropriation .","They assert that after controlling for the effect of institutions , countries in Africa or those closer to the equator do not have lower incomes .","This work has been disputed by David Albouy , who argues that European mortality rates in the study were badly mismeasured , falsely supporting its conclusion .","The authors of `` Brain size , cranial morphology , climate , and time machines '' assert that colder climates increase brain size , resulting in an intelligence differential ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-439243657020700907","input":"where was the tv series pride and prejudice filmed","passages":[{"title":"Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series)","text":"The serial expands on Austen 's metaphorical use of landscapes , reinforcing beauty and authenticity . Elizabeth takes every opportunity to enjoy nature and to escape exposure to Mr. Collins and Lady Catherine . The most symbolic use of nature in the novel is Elizabeth and the Gardiners ' visit to Pemberley in Derbyshire , where Elizabeth becomes conscious of her love for Darcy . The story makes nature integral in the form of Old England . Elizabeth 's appreciation of the beauties of Derbyshire elevates Darcy in her and her relatives ' opinion . Darcy 's gaze through the window works as a movie screen , projecting Elizabeth 's actions for him and the viewer . His participation in the English landscape is his redemption .","sentences":["The serial expands on Austen 's metaphorical use of landscapes , reinforcing beauty and authenticity .","Elizabeth takes every opportunity to enjoy nature and to escape exposure to Mr. Collins and Lady Catherine .","The most symbolic use of nature in the novel is Elizabeth and the Gardiners ' visit to Pemberley in Derbyshire , where Elizabeth becomes conscious of her love for Darcy .","The story makes nature integral in the form of Old England .","Elizabeth 's appreciation of the beauties of Derbyshire elevates Darcy in her and her relatives ' opinion .","Darcy 's gaze through the window works as a movie screen , projecting Elizabeth 's actions for him and the viewer .","His participation in the English landscape is his redemption ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"738643148191834144","input":"the storage device of sensory memory is called the","passages":[{"title":"Sensory memory","text":"Iconic memory . The mental representation of the visual stimuli are referred to as icons ( fleeting images . ) Iconic memory was the first sensory store to be investigated with experiments dating back as far as 1740 . One of the earliest investigations into this phenomenon was by J\u00e1n Andrej Segner , a German physicist and mathematician . In his experiment , Segner attached a glowing coal to a cart wheel and rotated the wheel at increasing speed until an unbroken circle of light was perceived by the observer . He calculated that the glowing coal needed to make a complete circle in under 100ms to achieve this effect , which he determined was the duration of this visual memory store . In 1960 , George Sperling conducted a study where participants were shown a set of letters for a brief amount of time and were asked to recall the letters they were shown afterwards . Participants were less likely to recall more letters when asked about the whole group of letters , but recalled more when asked about specific subgroups of the whole . These findings suggest that iconic memory in humans has a large capacity , but decays very rapidly . In a 2001 experiment , Vogel et al. presented a display of between 3 and 12 objects . After 900ms , a second display was presented that was either the same or had one object changed . The result was that the participants ability to decide if the two displays were identical was almost perfect with four objects , but steadily declined as the number of items in the display increased above four . This determined the capacity to be around four items . Another study set out to test the idea that visual sensory memory consists of coarse - grained and fine - grained memory traces using a mathematical model to quantify each . The study suggested that the dual - trace model of visual memory out performed single - trace models .","sentences":["Iconic memory .","The mental representation of the visual stimuli are referred to as icons ( fleeting images . )","Iconic memory was the first sensory store to be investigated with experiments dating back as far as 1740 .","One of the earliest investigations into this phenomenon was by J\u00e1n Andrej Segner , a German physicist and mathematician .","In his experiment , Segner attached a glowing coal to a cart wheel and rotated the wheel at increasing speed until an unbroken circle of light was perceived by the observer .","He calculated that the glowing coal needed to make a complete circle in under 100ms to achieve this effect , which he determined was the duration of this visual memory store .","In 1960 , George Sperling conducted a study where participants were shown a set of letters for a brief amount of time and were asked to recall the letters they were shown afterwards .","Participants were less likely to recall more letters when asked about the whole group of letters , but recalled more when asked about specific subgroups of the whole .","These findings suggest that iconic memory in humans has a large capacity , but decays very rapidly .","In a 2001 experiment , Vogel et al. presented a display of between 3 and 12 objects .","After 900ms , a second display was presented that was either the same or had one object changed .","The result was that the participants ability to decide if the two displays were identical was almost perfect with four objects , but steadily declined as the number of items in the display increased above four .","This determined the capacity to be around four items .","Another study set out to test the idea that visual sensory memory consists of coarse - grained and fine - grained memory traces using a mathematical model to quantify each .","The study suggested that the dual - trace model of visual memory out performed single - trace models ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8022728242679087178","input":"what is the elite unit of the air force","passages":[{"title":"List of military special forces units","text":"Republic of Korea Army Special Warfare Command 1st Special Forces Brigade ( Eagle ) 3rd Special Forces Brigade ( Flying Tiger ) Oversea Deployment Group ( Whole World ) ( Formerly 5th Special Mission Group ' Black Dragon ' ) 7th Special Forces Brigade ( Pegasus ) 9th Special Forces Brigade ( Ghost ) 11th Special Forces Brigade ( Golden Bat ) 13th Special Mission Brigade ' Black Panther ' - reorganized as the `` decapitation unit '' as of 2017 707th Special Mission Battalion ( White Tiger )","sentences":["Republic of Korea Army Special Warfare Command 1st Special Forces Brigade ( Eagle )","3rd Special Forces Brigade ( Flying Tiger )","Oversea Deployment Group ( Whole World ) ( Formerly 5th Special Mission Group ' Black Dragon ' )","7th Special Forces Brigade ( Pegasus )","9th","Special Forces Brigade ( Ghost ) 11th Special Forces Brigade ( Golden Bat ) 13th","Special Mission Brigade ' Black Panther ' - reorganized as the `` decapitation unit '' as of 2017 707th Special Mission Battalion ( White Tiger )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-389545266725198749","input":"why are there two cakes at a wedding","passages":[{"title":"Wedding cake","text":"In some areas , particularly the American South , two cakes are presented at weddings . The more traditional tiered cake is the bride 's cake , and a second flavor choice is called the `` groom 's cake '' . This tradition was brought over from England by early American colonists , who considered the white - iced `` Bride 's Cake '' too light for masculinity . The groom 's cake was usually a dark , liquor - soaked fruitcake , particularly in Virginia . Today groom 's cakes are usually chocolate , although the groom often choose another of his favorite flavors . The groom 's cake is usually decorated or shaped as something significant to him , such as a hobby item , sports team or symbol of his occupation . The movie Steel Magnolias features a red velvet groom 's cake in the shape of a giant armadillo . The groom 's cake is served at the reception as a second flavor choice for the guests , although in some regions it is served at the rehearsal dinner .","sentences":["In some areas , particularly the American South , two cakes are presented at weddings .","The more traditional tiered cake is the bride 's cake , and a second flavor choice is called the `` groom 's cake '' .","This tradition was brought over from England by early American colonists , who considered the white - iced `` Bride 's Cake '' too light for masculinity .","The groom 's cake was usually a dark , liquor - soaked fruitcake , particularly in Virginia .","Today groom 's cakes are usually chocolate , although the groom often choose another of his favorite flavors .","The groom 's cake is usually decorated or shaped as something significant to him , such as a hobby item , sports team or symbol of his occupation .","The movie Steel Magnolias features a red velvet groom 's cake in the shape of a giant armadillo .","The groom 's cake is served at the reception as a second flavor choice for the guests , although in some regions it is served at the rehearsal dinner ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1473554422440570345","input":"why such kind of charge is produced at the bottom of the van de graff","passages":[{"title":"Van de Graaff generator","text":"A Van de Graaff generator is an electrostatic generator which uses a moving belt to accumulate electric charge on a hollow metal globe on the top of an insulated column , creating very high electric potentials . It produces very high voltage direct current ( DC ) electricity at low current levels . It was invented by American physicist Robert J. Van de Graaff during 1929 . The potential difference achieved by modern Van de Graaff generators can be as much as 5 megavolts . A tabletop version can produce on the order of 100,000 volts and can store enough energy to produce a visible spark . Small Van de Graaff machines are produced for entertainment , and for physics education to teach electrostatics ; larger ones are displayed in some science museums .","sentences":["A Van de Graaff generator is an electrostatic generator which uses a moving belt to accumulate electric charge on a hollow metal globe on the top of an insulated column , creating very high electric potentials .","It produces very high voltage direct current ( DC ) electricity at low current levels .","It was invented by American physicist Robert J. Van de Graaff during 1929 .","The potential difference achieved by modern Van de Graaff generators can be as much as 5 megavolts .","A tabletop version can produce on the order of 100,000 volts and can store enough energy to produce a visible spark .","Small Van de Graaff machines are produced for entertainment , and for physics education to teach electrostatics ; larger ones are displayed in some science museums ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4482625461501189076","input":"what does scroll lock do on windows 10","passages":[{"title":"Scroll lock","text":"In conjunction with the alternative DOS keyboard and console drivers FreeKEYB and K3PLUS , Scroll Lock also served as part of a copy & paste facility between applications . Compared to the standard keyboard driver KEYB these drivers offered a number of extensions including an extended keystroke buffer with key stacking facility , macro recorder and a second cursor called CopyCursor , which could be invoked on demand ( by default on pressing Ctrl + Alt + F11 or the middle mouse button ) and freely moved on the screen using the cursor keys or the mouse , even outside the area reachable by the standard cursor in the running application . Once invoked , pressing F11 ( or the left mouse button ) the characters under the CopyCursor could be stuffed , one after another , into the keyboard buffer , from where they would be read by the running application as emulated key ( or Alt Numpad ) input , thereby typically showing up at the location of the standard cursor . The CopyCursor would move to the next screen position after each F11 ( or backwards with each \u21e7 Shift + F11 ) . Normal keyboard input was still possible while the CopyCursor was enabled , and the user could switch between the two cursors by toggling the Ctrl + Alt + F11 hotkey again . Pressing Esc or \u21b5 Enter would exit the CopyCursor , so that , on its next invocation , it would show up at the position of the standard cursor again rather than at its previous location . If the screen contents was scrolled , the position of the CopyCursor would move accordingly until reaching the display limits . With Scroll Lock activated , keypresses would still reach the normal keystroke buffer , while CopyCursor input would be stacked up internally for later use in a second queue , dynamically maintained within the extended keystroke buffer . Thereby , it was possible to `` collect '' selected screen output from different programs and spool out the data much later while within yet another application by toggling Scroll Lock off again . It was also possible to use this as input into the macro recorder for later use as scrap macro . Since this was an integral part of these keyboard drivers , it was fully transparent to running software and therefore worked with virtually any DOS programs , including at the command prompt , temporary shelled programs and task switchers .","sentences":["In conjunction with the alternative DOS keyboard and console drivers FreeKEYB and K3PLUS , Scroll Lock also served as part of a copy & paste facility between applications .","Compared to the standard keyboard driver KEYB these drivers offered a number of extensions including an extended keystroke buffer with key stacking facility , macro recorder and a second cursor called CopyCursor , which could be invoked on demand ( by default on pressing Ctrl + Alt + F11 or the middle mouse button ) and freely moved on the screen using the cursor keys or the mouse , even outside the area reachable by the standard cursor in the running application .","Once invoked , pressing F11 ( or the left mouse button ) the characters under the CopyCursor could be stuffed , one after another , into the keyboard buffer , from where they would be read by the running application as emulated key ( or Alt Numpad ) input , thereby typically showing up at the location of the standard cursor .","The CopyCursor would move to the next screen position after each F11 ( or backwards with each \u21e7 Shift + F11 ) .","Normal keyboard input was still possible while the CopyCursor was enabled , and the user could switch between the two cursors by toggling the Ctrl + Alt + F11 hotkey again .","Pressing Esc or \u21b5 Enter would exit the CopyCursor , so that , on its next invocation , it would show up at the position of the standard cursor again rather than at its previous location .","If the screen contents was scrolled , the position of the CopyCursor would move accordingly until reaching the display limits .","With Scroll Lock activated , keypresses would still reach the normal keystroke buffer , while CopyCursor input would be stacked up internally for later use in a second queue , dynamically maintained within the extended keystroke buffer .","Thereby , it was possible to `` collect '' selected screen output from different programs and spool out the data much later while within yet another application by toggling Scroll Lock off again .","It was also possible to use this as input into the macro recorder for later use as scrap macro .","Since this was an integral part of these keyboard drivers , it was fully transparent to running software and therefore worked with virtually any DOS programs , including at the command prompt , temporary shelled programs and task switchers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4358258475162458003","input":"where did they film man with the golden gun","passages":[{"title":"Octopussy","text":"Bond and Octopussy return separately to India . Bond arrives at Khan 's palace just as Octopussy and her troops have launched an assault on the grounds . Octopussy attempts to kill Khan , but is captured by Gobinda . While Octopussy 's team , led by Magda , overpower Khan 's guards , Khan and Gobinda abandon the palace , taking Octopussy as a hostage . Bond pursues them as they attempt to escape in their plane , clinging to the fuselage and disabling the tailplanes . In a struggle with Bond , Gobinda takes a deadly plummet off the roof of the plane and Bond rescues Octopussy from Khan , the pair jumping onto a nearby cliff only seconds before the plane crashes into a mountain , killing Khan . While M and General Gogol discuss the transport of the jewelery , Bond recuperates with Octopussy aboard her private boat in India .","sentences":["Bond and Octopussy return separately to India .","Bond arrives at Khan 's palace just as Octopussy and her troops have launched an assault on the grounds .","Octopussy attempts to kill Khan , but is captured by Gobinda .","While Octopussy 's team , led by Magda , overpower Khan 's guards , Khan and Gobinda abandon the palace , taking Octopussy as a hostage .","Bond pursues them as they attempt to escape in their plane , clinging to the fuselage and disabling the tailplanes .","In a struggle with Bond , Gobinda takes a deadly plummet off the roof of the plane and Bond rescues Octopussy from Khan , the pair jumping onto a nearby cliff only seconds before the plane crashes into a mountain , killing Khan .","While M and General Gogol discuss the transport of the jewelery , Bond recuperates with Octopussy aboard her private boat in India ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3959336736867468161","input":"lost kubrick the unfinished films of stanley kubrick","passages":[{"title":"Stanley Kubrick's unrealized projects","text":"In 2016 , long - time assistant of Kubrick 's , Emilio D'Alessandro addressed that prior to his death , Kubrick was considering making a movie of Pinocchio . D'Alessandro said that Kubrick sent him to buy Italian books about Pinocchio . `` He wanted to make it in his own because so many Pinocchios have been made . He wanted to do something really big ... He said ; ' It would ( be ) very nice if I could make children laugh and feel happy making this Pinocchio . ' '' ( Kubrick eventually used the project based on Brian Aldiss short story as his `` Pinocchio film . '' ) D'Alessandro also stated that Kubrick 's life - long fascination in World War II led to an interest in The Battle of Monte Cassino . D'Alessandro said , `` Stanley said that would be an interesting film to make . He asked me to get hold of things ... like newspaper cuttings and find out the distance from the airport , train stations . He had a friend who actually bombarded Monte Cassino during the war ... It is horrible to remember those days . Everything was completely destroyed . ''","sentences":["In 2016 , long - time assistant of Kubrick 's , Emilio D'Alessandro addressed that prior to his death , Kubrick was considering making a movie of Pinocchio .","D'Alessandro said that Kubrick sent him to buy Italian books about Pinocchio .","`` He wanted to make it in his own because so many Pinocchios have been made .","He wanted to do something really big ...","He said ; ' It would ( be ) very nice if I could make children laugh and feel happy making this Pinocchio . ' ''","( Kubrick eventually used the project based on Brian Aldiss short story as his `` Pinocchio film . '' )","D'Alessandro also stated that Kubrick 's life - long fascination in World War II led to an interest in The Battle of Monte Cassino .","D'Alessandro said , `` Stanley said that would be an interesting film to make .","He asked me to get hold of things ... like newspaper cuttings and find out the distance from the airport , train stations .","He had a friend who actually bombarded Monte Cassino during the war ...","It is horrible to remember those days .","Everything was completely destroyed . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2954491617872320085","input":"does michelle from the next step have a twin","passages":[{"title":"List of The Next Step characters","text":"Noah ( portrayed by Myles Erlick ) A contemporary dancer who was in J - Troupe in season two with Richelle but moved up to A-Troupe in season three with Richelle ( until she lost to Max in the battle . ) He was in a band with James in season two . In season three , he develops a crush on Elite dancer Abi , and when she transfers to The Next Step , he starts to talk to her more , but is unable to explain his feelings , or even talk to her properly . However at the surprise party of Amanda coming back to The Next Step , he gets to know Abi more and they kiss whilst dancing together . In Season 4 , he makes it onto A-Troupe again . However , he has a severe back injury which meant that The Next Step lost the first qualifier for Regionals . He dates Amanda during this season , however , during the Off Season , they break up . In Season 5 , he falls in love with Jacquie after meeting her at a dance workshop led by Daniel . However , Jacquie is Henry 's ex-girlfriend and Henry is Noah 's best friend . After realising Michelle 's troupe is the better of the two , Noah decides to leave TNS East and join TNS West .","sentences":["Noah ( portrayed by Myles Erlick )","A contemporary dancer who was in J - Troupe in season two with Richelle but moved up to A-Troupe in season three with Richelle ( until she lost to Max in the battle . )","He was in a band with James in season two .","In season three , he develops a crush on Elite dancer Abi , and when she transfers to The Next Step , he starts to talk to her more , but is unable to explain his feelings , or even talk to her properly .","However at the surprise party of Amanda coming back to The Next Step , he gets to know Abi more and they kiss whilst dancing together .","In Season 4 , he makes it onto A-Troupe again .","However , he has a severe back injury which meant that The Next Step lost the first qualifier for Regionals .","He dates Amanda during this season , however , during the Off Season , they break up .","In Season 5 , he falls in love with Jacquie after meeting her at a dance workshop led by Daniel .","However , Jacquie is Henry 's ex-girlfriend and Henry is Noah 's best friend .","After realising Michelle 's troupe is the better of the two , Noah decides to leave TNS East and join TNS West ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7031675639147775987","input":"all of the pirates of the caribbean movies in order","passages":[{"title":"Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)","text":"In the early 1990s screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio conceived a supernatural spin on the pirate genre after completing work on Aladdin , but there was no interest from any studio . Undeterred , the writing team refused to give up the dream , waiting for a studio to pick up their take on a pirate tale . Disney had Jay Wolpert write a script based on the Pirates of the Caribbean , which producer Jerry Bruckheimer rejected , feeling it was `` a straight pirate movie '' . Bruckheimer brought Stuart Beattie in to rewrite the script in March 2002 , due to his knowledge of piracy , and later that month Elliott and Rossio were brought in . Elliott and Rossio , inspired by the opening narration of the Pirates of the Caribbean ride , decided to give the film a supernatural edge . As the budget rose , Michael Eisner and Robert Iger threatened to cancel the film , though Bruckheimer changed their minds when he showed them concept art and animatics .","sentences":["In the early 1990s screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio conceived a supernatural spin on the pirate genre after completing work on Aladdin , but there was no interest from any studio .","Undeterred , the writing team refused to give up the dream , waiting for a studio to pick up their take on a pirate tale .","Disney had Jay Wolpert write a script based on the Pirates of the Caribbean , which producer Jerry Bruckheimer rejected , feeling it was `` a straight pirate movie '' .","Bruckheimer brought Stuart Beattie in to rewrite the script in March 2002 , due to his knowledge of piracy , and later that month Elliott and Rossio were brought in .","Elliott and Rossio , inspired by the opening narration of the Pirates of the Caribbean ride , decided to give the film a supernatural edge .","As the budget rose , Michael Eisner and Robert Iger threatened to cancel the film , though Bruckheimer changed their minds when he showed them concept art and animatics ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4655215971086657442","input":"where is plasma extracted from the blood supply","passages":[{"title":"Blood plasma","text":"In contrast to whole blood donation , plasma donation may be done much more often ( 2 times per week in some jurisdictions , compared to once per 8 weeks for whole blood donation ) , because the whole blood cells are returned to the body during the donation process . Most plasma is naturally replaced by the body within 48 hours . There are medical for - profit companies which financially compensate individuals who give their plasma ( $10 -- $100 per week for 3 -- 7 hours of time , normally ) . It is usually defined as a compensation for time and trouble . Plasma purchased in this way can not be transfused as the FDA requires transfusions to come from volunteer donors . Plasma that is purchased can only be used for research and manufacturing purposes .","sentences":["In contrast to whole blood donation , plasma donation may be done much more often ( 2 times per week in some jurisdictions , compared to once per 8 weeks for whole blood donation ) , because the whole blood cells are returned to the body during the donation process .","Most plasma is naturally replaced by the body within 48 hours .","There are medical for - profit companies which financially compensate individuals who give their plasma ( $10 -- $100 per week for 3 -- 7 hours of time , normally ) .","It is usually defined as a compensation for time and trouble .","Plasma purchased in this way can not be transfused as the FDA requires transfusions to come from volunteer donors .","Plasma that is purchased can only be used for research and manufacturing purposes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2771039265014831491","input":"what country was not directly involved in the war of 1812","passages":[{"title":"War of 1812","text":"The operations of American privateers proved a more significant threat to British trade than the U.S. Navy . They operated throughout the Atlantic and continued until the close of the war , most notably from ports such as Baltimore . American privateers reported taking 1300 British merchant vessels , compared to 254 taken by the U.S. Navy , although the insurer Lloyd 's of London reported that only 1,175 British ships were taken , 373 of which were recaptured , for a total loss of 802 . The Canadian historian Carl Benn wrote that American privateers took 1,344 British ships , of which 750 were retaken by the British . However the British were able to limit privateering losses by the strict enforcement of convoy by the Royal Navy and by capturing 278 American privateers . Due to the massive size of the British merchant fleet , American captures only affected 7.5 % of the fleet , resulting in no supply shortages or lack of reinforcements for British forces in North America . Of 526 American privateers , 148 were captured by the Royal Navy and only 207 ever took a prize .","sentences":["The operations of American privateers proved a more significant threat to British trade than the U.S. Navy .","They operated throughout the Atlantic and continued until the close of the war , most notably from ports such as Baltimore .","American privateers reported taking 1300 British merchant vessels , compared to 254 taken by the U.S. Navy , although the insurer Lloyd 's of London reported that only 1,175 British ships were taken , 373 of which were recaptured , for a total loss of 802 .","The Canadian historian Carl Benn wrote that American privateers took 1,344 British ships , of which 750 were retaken by the British .","However the British were able to limit privateering losses by the strict enforcement of convoy by the Royal Navy and by capturing 278 American privateers .","Due to the massive size of the British merchant fleet , American captures only affected 7.5 % of the fleet , resulting in no supply shortages or lack of reinforcements for British forces in North America .","Of 526 American privateers , 148 were captured by the Royal Navy and only 207 ever took a prize ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7481139359675294037","input":"what new inventions assisted a soldier in manoeuvring on horseback","passages":[{"title":"Horses in warfare","text":"During the European Middle Ages , there were three primary types of war horses : The destrier , the courser , and the rouncey , which differed in size and usage . A generic word used to describe medieval war horses was charger , which appears interchangeable with the other terms . The medieval war horse was of moderate size , rarely exceeding 15.2 hands ( 62 inches , 157 cm ) . Heavy horses were logistically difficult to maintain and less adaptable to varied terrains . The destrier of the early Middle Ages was moderately larger than the courser or rouncey , in part to accommodate heavier armoured knights . However , destriers were not as large as draught horses , averaging between 14.2 hands ( 58 inches , 147 cm ) and 15 hands ( 60 inches , 152 cm ) . On the European continent , the need to carry more armour against mounted enemies such as the Lombards and Frisians led to the Franks developing heavier , bigger horses . As the amount of armour and equipment increased in the later Middle Ages , the height of the horses increased ; some late medieval horse skeletons were of horses over 15 hands .","sentences":["During the European Middle Ages , there were three primary types of war horses : The destrier , the courser , and the rouncey , which differed in size and usage .","A generic word used to describe medieval war horses was charger , which appears interchangeable with the other terms .","The medieval war horse was of moderate size , rarely exceeding 15.2 hands ( 62 inches , 157 cm ) .","Heavy horses were logistically difficult to maintain and less adaptable to varied terrains .","The destrier of the early Middle Ages was moderately larger than the courser or rouncey , in part to accommodate heavier armoured knights .","However , destriers were not as large as draught horses , averaging between 14.2 hands ( 58 inches , 147 cm ) and 15 hands ( 60 inches , 152 cm ) .","On the European continent , the need to carry more armour against mounted enemies such as the Lombards and Frisians led to the Franks developing heavier , bigger horses .","As the amount of armour and equipment increased in the later Middle Ages , the height of the horses increased ; some late medieval horse skeletons were of horses over 15 hands ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7276823695589835985","input":"meaning of mother mary in let it be","passages":[{"title":"Let It Be (song)","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1970 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) Germany ( Official German Charts ) Hungary ( R\u00e1di\u00f3s Top 40 ) Ireland ( IRMA ) Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) Norway ( VG - lista ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) Chart ( 2010 ) Peak position Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista ) 20 Spain ( PROMUSICAE ) 39 Chart ( 2013 ) Peak position France ( SNEP ) 96 Chart ( 2016 ) Peak position Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 39 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1970 ) Position Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) US Billboard Hot 100 9 Certifications ( edit ) Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Italy ( FIMI ) Gold 25,000 United States ( RIAA ) 2 \u00d7 Platinum 2,000,000 shipments figures based on certification alone sales + streaming figures based on certification alone","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1970 )","Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report )","Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) Germany ( Official German Charts ) Hungary ( R\u00e1di\u00f3s Top 40 )","Ireland ( IRMA ) Netherlands ( Single Top 100 )","Norway ( VG - lista )","Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) Chart ( 2010 ) Peak position Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista ) 20","Spain ( PROMUSICAE ) 39 Chart ( 2013 )","Peak position France ( SNEP ) 96 Chart ( 2016 )","Peak position Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 39 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1970 )","Position Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) US Billboard Hot 100 9 Certifications ( edit ) Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Italy ( FIMI )","Gold 25,000 United States ( RIAA ) 2 \u00d7 Platinum 2,000,000 shipments figures based on certification alone sales + streaming figures based on certification alone"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4649306618257297945","input":"religious site of 'miracles' in bosnia","passages":[{"title":"Medjugorje","text":"A Vatican commission set up by Pope Benedict XVI in 2010 to study the Medjugorje question was reported on 18 January 2014 to have completed its work , the results of which it would communicate to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith . Headed by Cardinal Camillo Ruini , Pope Francis commented the report as `` very , very good '' on 13 May 2017 when speaking to journalists . According to Italian media , the Ruini report divided the investigation into three main parts : the early apparitions from 24 June 1981 to 3 July 1981 , the acclaimed apparitions thereafter , and the pastoral situation . The commission expressed positive findings in favor of recognizing the supernatural nature of the first appearances , and rejected the hypothesis of a demonic origin of the apparitions . Yet , the commission expressed that an opinion can not be reached towards the acclaimed apparitions thereafter , despite majority of the commission recognized the positive spiritual fruits that Medjugorje has brought to pilgrims , including Pope Francis who commented the pastoral situation in Medjugorje : `` The third , the core of the Ruini report , the spiritual fact , the pastoral fact . People go there and convert . People who encounter God , change their lives ... but this ... there is no magic wand there . And this spiritual and pastoral fact ca n't be ignored . ''","sentences":["A Vatican commission set up by Pope Benedict XVI in 2010 to study the Medjugorje question was reported on 18 January 2014 to have completed its work , the results of which it would communicate to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith .","Headed by Cardinal Camillo Ruini , Pope Francis commented the report as `` very , very good '' on 13 May 2017 when speaking to journalists .","According to Italian media , the Ruini report divided the investigation into three main parts : the early apparitions from 24 June 1981 to 3 July 1981 , the acclaimed apparitions thereafter , and the pastoral situation .","The commission expressed positive findings in favor of recognizing the supernatural nature of the first appearances , and rejected the hypothesis of a demonic origin of the apparitions .","Yet , the commission expressed that an opinion can not be reached towards the acclaimed apparitions thereafter , despite majority of the commission recognized the positive spiritual fruits that Medjugorje has brought to pilgrims , including Pope Francis who commented the pastoral situation in Medjugorje : `` The third , the core of the Ruini report , the spiritual fact , the pastoral fact .","People go there and convert .","People who encounter God , change their lives ...","but this ... there is no magic wand there .","And this spiritual and pastoral fact ca n't be ignored . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1112744108334718959","input":"why does france no longer have a king","passages":[{"title":"List of French monarchs","text":"The Valois line looked strong on the death of Henry II , who left four male heirs . His first son , Francis II , died in his minority . His second son , Charles IX , had no legitimate sons to inherit . Following the premature death of his fourth son Hercule Fran\u00e7ois , and the assassination of his third son , the childless Henry III , France was plunged into a succession crisis over which distant cousin of the king would inherit the throne . The best claimant , King Henry III of Navarre , was a Protestant , and thus unacceptable to much of the French nobility . Ultimately , after winning numerous battles in defense of his claim , Henry converted to Catholicism and was crowned king , founding the House of Bourbon . This marked the second time the thrones of Navarre and France were united under one monarch ; as different inheritance laws had caused them to become separated during the events of the Hundred Years Wars . The House of Bourbon would be overthrown during the French Revolution , replaced by the short - lived French Republic .","sentences":["The Valois line looked strong on the death of Henry II , who left four male heirs .","His first son , Francis II , died in his minority .","His second son , Charles IX , had no legitimate sons to inherit .","Following the premature death of his fourth son Hercule Fran\u00e7ois , and the assassination of his third son , the childless Henry III , France was plunged into a succession crisis over which distant cousin of the king would inherit the throne .","The best claimant , King Henry III of Navarre , was a Protestant , and thus unacceptable to much of the French nobility .","Ultimately , after winning numerous battles in defense of his claim , Henry converted to Catholicism and was crowned king , founding the House of Bourbon .","This marked the second time the thrones of Navarre and France were united under one monarch ; as different inheritance laws had caused them to become separated during the events of the Hundred Years Wars .","The House of Bourbon would be overthrown during the French Revolution , replaced by the short - lived French Republic ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3961940594954013672","input":"what are the main points of the declaration of the rights of man","passages":[{"title":"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen","text":"Deplorable conditions for the thousands of slaves in Saint - Domingue , the most profitable slave colony in the world , led to the uprisings which would be known as the first successful slave revolt in the New World . Free persons of color were part of the first wave of revolt , but later former slaves took control . In 1794 the Convention dominated by the Jacobins abolished slavery , including in the colonies of Saint - Domingue and Guadeloupe . However , Napoleon reinstated it in 1802 and attempted to regain control of Saint - Domingue by sending in thousands of troops . After suffering the losses of two - thirds of the men , many to yellow fever , the French withdrew from Saint - Domingue in 1803 . Napoleon gave up on North America and agreed to the Louisiana Purchase by the United States . In 1804 , the leaders of Saint - Domingue declared it as an independent state , the Republic of Haiti , the second republic of the New World .","sentences":["Deplorable conditions for the thousands of slaves in Saint - Domingue , the most profitable slave colony in the world , led to the uprisings which would be known as the first successful slave revolt in the New World .","Free persons of color were part of the first wave of revolt , but later former slaves took control .","In 1794 the Convention dominated by the Jacobins abolished slavery , including in the colonies of Saint - Domingue and Guadeloupe .","However , Napoleon reinstated it in 1802 and attempted to regain control of Saint - Domingue by sending in thousands of troops .","After suffering the losses of two - thirds of the men , many to yellow fever , the French withdrew from Saint - Domingue in 1803 .","Napoleon gave up on North America and agreed to the Louisiana Purchase by the United States .","In 1804 , the leaders of Saint - Domingue declared it as an independent state , the Republic of Haiti , the second republic of the New World ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8207307640230392866","input":"when does next episode of greys anatomy air","passages":[{"title":"Grey's Anatomy (season 14)","text":"Alex and Jo drive to Iowa to locate his mom , only to find that she no longer exhibits schizophrenic behavior and that she 's even returned to her old job . Richard and Bailey battle to keep the hospital from being sued by Vikram ; although Bailey stands by the initial firing , Richard empathizes as he reflects on the times he operated while inebriated . As Amelia helps Betty detox , Arizona struggles to accept that Sofia stole money . Meredith kills time before her presentation throwing darts with a guy she eventually learns is a surgeon who 's there to see her . Their conversation leads Meredith to decide that the `` Grey Method '' should be renamed the `` Grey - Cerone Method . '' After Alex works things out with his mom , Jo extends a declined invitation to their wedding . Bailey allows Vikram to return under strict probationary rules ; Amelia visits an AA group after Betty makes an escape , and Arizona calls Callie to say that she thinks it 's time for her and Sofia to move to New York .","sentences":["Alex and Jo drive to Iowa to locate his mom , only to find that she no longer exhibits schizophrenic behavior and that she 's even returned to her old job .","Richard and Bailey battle to keep the hospital from being sued by Vikram ; although Bailey stands by the initial firing , Richard empathizes as he reflects on the times he operated while inebriated .","As Amelia helps Betty detox , Arizona struggles to accept that Sofia stole money .","Meredith kills time before her presentation throwing darts with a guy she eventually learns is a surgeon who 's there to see her .","Their conversation leads Meredith to decide that the `` Grey Method '' should be renamed the `` Grey - Cerone Method . ''","After Alex works things out with his mom , Jo extends a declined invitation to their wedding .","Bailey allows Vikram to return under strict probationary rules ; Amelia visits an AA group after Betty makes an escape , and Arizona calls Callie to say that she thinks it 's time for her and Sofia to move to New York ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7363254288924432284","input":"what is your understanding of sustainability when applied to a business","passages":[{"title":"Sustainability","text":"The figure ( right ) examines sustainability at the scale of individual countries by contrasting their Ecological Footprint with their UN Human Development Index ( a measure of standard of living ) . The graph shows what is necessary for countries to maintain an acceptable standard of living for their citizens while , at the same time , maintaining sustainable resource use . The general trend is for higher standards of living to become less sustainable . As always , population growth has a marked influence on levels of consumption and the efficiency of resource use . The sustainability goal is to raise the global standard of living without increasing the use of resources beyond globally sustainable levels ; that is , to not exceed `` one planet '' consumption . Information generated by reports at the national , regional and city scales confirm the global trend towards societies that are becoming less sustainable over time .","sentences":["The figure ( right ) examines sustainability at the scale of individual countries by contrasting their Ecological Footprint with their UN Human Development Index ( a measure of standard of living ) .","The graph shows what is necessary for countries to maintain an acceptable standard of living for their citizens while , at the same time , maintaining sustainable resource use .","The general trend is for higher standards of living to become less sustainable .","As always , population growth has a marked influence on levels of consumption and the efficiency of resource use .","The sustainability goal is to raise the global standard of living without increasing the use of resources beyond globally sustainable levels ; that is , to not exceed `` one planet '' consumption .","Information generated by reports at the national , regional and city scales confirm the global trend towards societies that are becoming less sustainable over time ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1141048813269837163","input":"where is collagen made in the human body","passages":[{"title":"Collagen","text":"The molecular and packing structures of collagen have eluded scientists over decades of research . The first evidence that it possesses a regular structure at the molecular level was presented in the mid-1930s . Since that time , many prominent scholars , including Nobel laureates Crick , Pauling , Rich and Yonath , and others , including Brodsky , Berman , and Ramachandran , concentrated on the conformation of the collagen monomer . Several competing models , although correctly dealing with the conformation of each individual peptide chain , gave way to the triple - helical `` Madras '' model of Ramachandran , which provided an essentially correct model of the molecule 's quaternary structure although this model still required some refinement . The packing structure of collagen has not been defined to the same degree outside of the fibrillar collagen types , although it has been long known to be hexagonal or quasi-hexagonal . As with its monomeric structure , several conflicting models alleged that either the packing arrangement of collagen molecules is ' sheet - like ' or microfibrillar . The microfibrillar structure of collagen fibrils in tendon , cornea and cartilage has been directly imaged by electron microscopy . The microfibrillar structure of tail tendon , as described by Fraser , Miller , and Wess ( amongst others ) , was modeled as being closest to the observed structure , although it oversimplified the topological progression of neighboring collagen molecules , and hence did not predict the correct conformation of the discontinuous D - periodic pentameric arrangement termed simply : the microfibril . Various cross linking agents like L - Dopaquinone , embeline , potassium embelate and 5 - O - methyl embelin could be developed as potential cross-linking \/ stabilization agents of collagen preparation and its application as wound dressing sheet in clinical applications is enhanced .","sentences":["The molecular and packing structures of collagen have eluded scientists over decades of research .","The first evidence that it possesses a regular structure at the molecular level was presented in the mid-1930s .","Since that time , many prominent scholars , including Nobel laureates Crick , Pauling , Rich and Yonath , and others , including Brodsky , Berman , and Ramachandran , concentrated on the conformation of the collagen monomer .","Several competing models , although correctly dealing with the conformation of each individual peptide chain , gave way to the triple - helical `` Madras '' model of Ramachandran , which provided an essentially correct model of the molecule 's quaternary structure although this model still required some refinement .","The packing structure of collagen has not been defined to the same degree outside of the fibrillar collagen types , although it has been long known to be hexagonal or quasi-hexagonal .","As with its monomeric structure , several conflicting models alleged that either the packing arrangement of collagen molecules is ' sheet - like ' or microfibrillar .","The microfibrillar structure of collagen fibrils in tendon , cornea and cartilage has been directly imaged by electron microscopy .","The microfibrillar structure of tail tendon , as described by Fraser , Miller , and Wess ( amongst others ) , was modeled as being closest to the observed structure , although it oversimplified the topological progression of neighboring collagen molecules , and hence did not predict the correct conformation of the discontinuous D - periodic pentameric arrangement termed simply : the microfibril .","Various cross linking agents like L - Dopaquinone , embeline , potassium embelate and 5 - O - methyl embelin could be developed as potential cross-linking \/ stabilization agents of collagen preparation and its application as wound dressing sheet in clinical applications is enhanced ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4374653575886015241","input":"what are the beliefs of the united church of christ","passages":[{"title":"United Church of Christ","text":"The Office of General Ministries ( OGM ) is responsible for administration , common services ( technology , physical plant , etc . ) , covenantal relations ( ecumenical relations , formal relations to other settings of the church ) , financial development , and `` proclamation , identity and communication '' . The current General Minister and President is the Rev. Dr. John C. Dorhauer . Local Church Ministries ( LCM ) is responsible for evangelism , stewardship and church finance , worship and education , Pilgrim Press and United Church Resources ( the publishing house of the United Church of Christ ) , and parish life and leadership ( authorization , clergy development , seminary relations , parish leadership , etc . ) . The position of Executive Minister of Local Church Ministries is vacant . Wider Church Ministries ( WCM ) is responsible for partner relations * ( relations with churches around the world , missionary work , etc . ) , local church relations * ( as relates to world ministries and missions ) , global sharing of resources , health and wholeness ministry , and global education and advocacy * . The starred ' * ' ministries are carried out through the Common Global Ministries Board , a joint instrumentality of the United Church of Christ and the Christian Church ( Disciples of Christ ) , based in Indianapolis , Indiana . WCM is sometimes referred to as the United Church Board for World Ministries , the historic successor to the Congregationalist American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and the E&R affiliated Board of International Missions The current Executive Minister for Wider Church Ministries is the Rev. Rev. Jim Moos . Justice and Witness Ministries ( JWM ) is responsible for ministries related to economic justice , human rights , justice for women and transformation , public life and social policy , and racial justice . In addition to its offices in Cleveland , JWM also maintains an office on Capitol Hill in Washington , D.C. The current Executive Minister for Justice and Witness Ministries is Rev. Traci D. Blackmon . JWM also maintains an office called `` Minister for Children , Families and Human Sexuality Advocacy '' that promotes the Our Whole Lives sex education curriculum . Affiliated","sentences":["The Office of General Ministries ( OGM ) is responsible for administration , common services ( technology , physical plant , etc . )",", covenantal relations ( ecumenical relations , formal relations to other settings of the church ) , financial development , and `` proclamation , identity and communication '' .","The current General Minister and President is the Rev. Dr. John C. Dorhauer .","Local Church Ministries ( LCM ) is responsible for evangelism , stewardship and church finance , worship and education , Pilgrim Press and United Church Resources ( the publishing house of the United Church of Christ ) , and parish life and leadership ( authorization , clergy development , seminary relations , parish leadership , etc . ) .","The position of Executive Minister of Local Church Ministries is vacant .","Wider Church Ministries ( WCM ) is responsible for partner relations * ( relations with churches around the world , missionary work , etc . ) , local church relations * ( as relates to world ministries and missions ) , global sharing of resources , health and wholeness ministry , and global education and advocacy * .","The starred ' * ' ministries are carried out through the Common Global Ministries Board , a joint instrumentality of the United Church of Christ and the Christian Church ( Disciples of Christ ) , based in Indianapolis , Indiana .","WCM is sometimes referred to as the United Church Board for World Ministries , the historic successor to the Congregationalist American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and the E&R affiliated Board of International Missions","The current Executive Minister for Wider Church Ministries is the Rev. Rev. Jim Moos .","Justice and Witness Ministries ( JWM ) is responsible for ministries related to economic justice , human rights , justice for women and transformation , public life and social policy , and racial justice .","In addition to its offices in Cleveland , JWM also maintains an office on Capitol Hill in Washington , D.C.","The current Executive Minister for Justice and Witness Ministries is Rev. Traci D. Blackmon .","JWM also maintains an office called `` Minister for Children , Families and Human Sexuality Advocacy '' that promotes the Our Whole Lives sex education curriculum .","Affiliated"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8356676957393403385","input":"how old was abner doubleday when he invented baseball","passages":[{"title":"Abner Doubleday","text":"At the start of the Battle of Gettysburg , July 1 , 1863 , Doubleday 's division was the second infantry division on the field to reinforce the cavalry division of Brigadier General John Buford . When his corps commander , Major General John F. Reynolds , was killed very early in the fighting , Doubleday found himself in command of the corps at 10 : 50 am . His men fought well in the morning , putting up a stout resistance , but as overwhelming Confederate forces massed against them , their line eventually broke and they retreated back through the town of Gettysburg to the relative safety of Cemetery Hill south of town . It was Doubleday 's finest performance during the war , five hours leading 9,500 men against ten Confederate brigades that numbered more than 16,000 . Seven of those brigades sustained casualties that ranged from 35 to 50 percent , indicating the ferocity of the Union defense . On Cemetery Hill , however , the I Corps could muster only a third of its men as effective for duty , and the corps was essentially destroyed as a combat force for the rest of the battle ; it would be decommissioned in March 1864 , its surviving units consolidated into other corps .","sentences":["At the start of the Battle of Gettysburg , July 1 , 1863 , Doubleday 's division was the second infantry division on the field to reinforce the cavalry division of Brigadier General John Buford .","When his corps commander , Major General John F. Reynolds , was killed very early in the fighting , Doubleday found himself in command of the corps at 10 : 50 am .","His men fought well in the morning , putting up a stout resistance , but as overwhelming Confederate forces massed against them , their line eventually broke and they retreated back through the town of Gettysburg to the relative safety of Cemetery Hill south of town .","It was Doubleday 's finest performance during the war , five hours leading 9,500 men against ten Confederate brigades that numbered more than 16,000 .","Seven of those brigades sustained casualties that ranged from 35 to 50 percent , indicating the ferocity of the Union defense .","On Cemetery Hill , however , the I Corps could muster only a third of its men as effective for duty , and the corps was essentially destroyed as a combat force for the rest of the battle ; it would be decommissioned in March 1864 , its surviving units consolidated into other corps ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6261661150589523139","input":"where are the this morning studios moving too","passages":[{"title":"The London Studios","text":"Studio 7 - 2,050 sq ft ( 190 m ) - Located in the studio block on the river 's bank , this studio presents panoramic views over the London skyline , including St. Paul 's Cathedral , through its floor - to - ceiling windows . Studio 7 was home to the London News Network 's local news bulletins from 1993 until 2004 . It was built in 1993 for the newly created London News Network , a company which provided local news for the ITV Network in London . Prior to 1993 , LWT , the London weekend ITV franchisee , had produced news bulletins for London on Friday evenings , Saturdays and Sundays from studio 10 , whilst Thames Television had provided its own news during the rest of the week from its own studios . The new partnership between the new London weekday licensee Carlton and LWT meant one news bulletin would be seen all week , ' London Tonight ' . After the Carlton and Granada merger to form ITV plc however , LNN was disbanded and Independent Television News took over the contract . London Tonight is now produced in their studios on Grays Inn Road . It was then used as the home of ITV Sport and also for Loose Women , I 'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here ! NOW ! , Strictly Come Dancing - It Takes Two , and various specials for Canadian television . ITV 's breakfast programme Daybreak used the studio from 6 September 2010 to 31 August 2012 . For the launch of Daybreak , the studio was converted to high - definition . It has continued to be used by ITV Sport , most recently for its coverage of IPL Cricket on ITV4 , as well as use for CBBC 's Friday Download .","sentences":["Studio 7 - 2,050 sq ft ( 190 m ) - Located in the studio block on the river 's bank , this studio presents panoramic views over the London skyline , including St. Paul 's Cathedral , through its floor - to - ceiling windows .","Studio 7 was home to the London News Network 's local news bulletins from 1993 until 2004 .","It was built in 1993 for the newly created London News Network , a company which provided local news for the ITV Network in London .","Prior to 1993 , LWT , the London weekend ITV franchisee , had produced news bulletins for London on Friday evenings , Saturdays and Sundays from studio 10 , whilst Thames Television had provided its own news during the rest of the week from its own studios .","The new partnership between the new London weekday licensee Carlton and LWT meant one news bulletin would be seen all week , ' London Tonight ' .","After the Carlton and Granada merger to form ITV plc however , LNN was disbanded and Independent Television News took over the contract .","London Tonight is now produced in their studios on Grays Inn Road .","It was then used as the home of ITV Sport and also for Loose Women , I 'm a Celebrity ...","Get Me Out of Here !","NOW ! , Strictly Come Dancing -","It Takes Two , and various specials for Canadian television .","ITV 's breakfast programme Daybreak used the studio from 6 September 2010 to 31 August 2012 .","For the launch of Daybreak , the studio was converted to high - definition .","It has continued to be used by ITV Sport , most recently for its coverage of IPL Cricket on ITV4 , as well as use for CBBC 's Friday Download ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8057438797921169386","input":"where is the processor located in an imac","passages":[{"title":"iMac (Intel-based)","text":"A Retina Display `` 5K '' model with a resolution of 5120 \u00d7 2880 was introduced alongside the previous year 's models during a keynote on October 16 , 2014 . This 27 - inch model was given faster Haswell processors and its two Thunderbolt ports were updated to Thunderbolt 2 . Secondary storage was also upgraded to a 1 TB Fusion drive as standard and video options changed over to AMD Radeon R9 M290X and M295X . A 21.5 - inch `` 4K '' model with a resolution of 4096 \u00d7 2304 was released on October 13 , 2015 .","sentences":["A Retina Display `` 5K '' model with a resolution of 5120 \u00d7 2880 was introduced alongside the previous year 's models during a keynote on October 16 , 2014 .","This 27 - inch model was given faster","Haswell processors and its two Thunderbolt ports were updated to Thunderbolt 2 .","Secondary storage was also upgraded to a 1 TB Fusion drive as standard and video options changed over to AMD Radeon R9 M290X","and M295X .","A 21.5 - inch `` 4K '' model with a resolution of 4096 \u00d7 2304 was released on October 13 , 2015 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6635488635014114389","input":"who got a junior world record at world championship","passages":[{"title":"List of world junior records in athletics","text":"Event Record Athlete Nationality Date Meet Place Age Ref Video 50 m 5.67 Kareem Kelly United States 19 February 2000 Los Angeles Invitational Los Angeles , United States 7003689800000000000 \u2660 18 years , 324 days 55 m 6.07 Leonard Scott United States 20 February 1999 Gainesville , United States 7003697200000000000 \u2660 19 years , 32 days 60 m 6.51 Mark Lewis - Francis Great Britain 11 March 2001 World Championships Lisbon , Portugal 7003676300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 188 days 200 m 20.37 Walter Dix United States 11 March 2005 Fayetteville , United States 7003697900000000000 \u2660 19 years , 39 days 300 m 32.87 Tyrese Cooper United States 4 February 2017 Armory Track Invitational New York City , United States 7003616400000000000 \u2660 16 years , 320 days 400 m 44.80 Kirani James Grenada 27 February 2011 SEC Championships Fayetteville , United States 7003675300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 179 days ( 10 ) 500 m 59.83 Abdalleleh Haroun Qatar 17 February 2016 Globen Galan Stockholm , Sweden 7003626800000000000 \u2660 17 years , 59 days 800 m 1 : 44.35 Yuriy Borzakovskiy Russia 30 January 2000 Dortmund , Germany 7003686700000000000 \u2660 18 years , 293 days 1000 m 2 : 15.77 Abubaker Kaki Sudan 21 February 2008 Stockholm , Sweden 7003681900000000000 \u2660 18 years , 245 days 1500 m 3 : 36.28 Belal Mansoor Ali Bahrain 20 February 2007 Stuttgart , Germany 7003670000000000000 \u2660 18 years , 126 days Mile 3 : 55.02 German Fernandez United States 28 February 2009 Big 12 Championships College Station , United States 7003669300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 118 days 2000 m 4 : 59.02 Remi Limo Kenya 17 February 2007 Birmingham , United Kingdom 7003695400000000000 \u2660 19 years , 14 days 3000 m 7 : 32.87 Hagos Gebrhiwet Ethiopia 3 February 2013 New Balance Grand Prix Boston , United States 7003684300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 268 days 5000 m 12 : 53.29 Isaiah Kiplangat Koech Kenya 11 February 2011 PSD Bank Meeting D\u00fcsseldorf , Germany 7003626300000000000 \u2660 17 years , 54 days ( 11 ) 50 m hurdles ( 106.7 cm ) 6.52 + Liu Xiang China 24 February 2002 Meeting Pas de Calais Li\u00e9vin , France 7003679900000000000 \u2660 18 years , 224 days 60 m hurdles ( 99 \/ 100 cm ) 7.40 Trey Cunningham United States 12 March 2017 New Balance National Scholastic Championships New York City , United States 7003677300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 198 days 60 m hurdles ( 106.7 cm ) 7.55 Liu Xiang China 10 February 2002 Ghent , Belgium 7003678700000000000 \u2660 18 years , 212 days 300 m hurdles 35.93 OT Petteri Pulkkinen Finland 19 February 1992 Finnish Championships Tampere , Finland 400 m hurdles 50.41 OT Wouter Le Roux South Africa 9 February 2005 Botnia Games Mustasaari , Finland 7003696300000000000 \u2660 19 years , 23 days High jump 2.35 m Vladimir Yashchenko Soviet Union 12 March 1978 European Championships Milan , Italy 7003699900000000000 \u2660 19 years , 59 days Pole vault 5.75 m Armand Duplantis Sweden 11 February 2017 Millrose Games New York City , United States 7003630300000000000 \u2660 17 years , 93 days 5.82 m Armand Duplantis Sweden 11 March 2017 New Balance National Scholastic Championships New York City , United States 7003633100000000000 \u2660 17 years , 121 days 5.83 m A Armand Duplantis Sweden 12 January 2018 UCS Spirit National Pole Vault Summit Reno , United States 7003663800000000000 \u2660 18 years , 63 days Long jump 8.22 m Viktor Kuznetsov Ukraine 22 January 2005 Brovary , Ukraine 7003676700000000000 \u2660 18 years , 192 days Triple jump 17.20 m Melvin Raffin France 3 March 2017 European Championships Belgrade , Serbia 7003678100000000000 \u2660 18 years , 206 days Shot put ( 6 kg ) 22.96 m Konrad Bukowiecki Poland 29 December 2016 Spa\u0142a , Poland 7003722700000000000 \u2660 19 years , 287 days 22.48 m Konrad Bukowiecki Poland 8 January 2016 Toru\u0144 , Poland 7003687100000000000 \u2660 18 years , 297 days Shot put ( 7.26 kg ) 21.05 m Terry Albritton United States 22 February 1974 New York City , United States 7003697900000000000 \u2660 19 years , 39 days Heptathlon ( Junior ) 5984 pts Eusebio C\u00e1ceres Spain 6 -- 7 March 2010 San Sebasti\u00e1n , Spain 7003675300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 178 days 6.94 ( 60 m ) , 7.96 m ( long jump ) , 13.19 m ( shot put ) , 1.96 m ( high jump ) \/ 7.90 m ( 60 m hurdles ) , 4.60 m ( pole vault ) , 2 : 51.42 ( 1000 m ) Heptathlon ( Senior ) 6022 pts Gunnar Nixon United States 27 -- 28 January 2012 Razorback Invitational Fayetteville , United States 7003695400000000000 \u2660 19 years , 15 days 7.10 ( 60 m ) , 7.53 m ( long jump ) , 13.97 m ( shot put ) , 2.15 m ( high jump ) \/ 8.21 m ( 60 m hurdles ) , 4.50 m ( pole vault ) , 2 : 40.15 ( 1000 m ) 5000 m walk ( track ) 18 : 51.9 ( ht ) Vasiliy Mizinov Russia 6 January 2016 Rodionova Race Walking Memorial Chelyabinsk , Russia 7003658200000000000 \u2660 18 years , 8 days 4 \u00d7 200m relay 1 : 25.36 Andr\u00e9 Volkmann Alexander Kosenkow Marc - Oliver Schmidtchen Jens Weissbach Germany 2 March 1996 Li\u00e9vin , France 7003692800000000000 \u2660 18 years , 354 days 4 \u00d7 400m relay 3 : 13.06 New Bern NC Andrew Hendrix Fuqauwn Green Miles Sparks Anthony Hendrix United States 6 February 2009 Millrose Games New York City , United States 4 \u00d7 800m relay 7 : 36.99 Albemarle High School Zach Vrhovac Luke Noble Garrett Bradley Anthony Kostelac United States 15 March 2009 New Balance Nationals Indoor Roxbury Crossing , United States 7003645300000000000 \u2660 17 years , 243 days 7003673500000000000 \u2660 18 years , 160 days 7003641800000000000 \u2660 17 years , 208 days 7003646400000000000 \u2660 17 years , 254 days","sentences":["Event Record Athlete Nationality Date Meet Place Age Ref Video 50 m 5.67 Kareem Kelly United States 19 February 2000 Los Angeles Invitational Los Angeles , United States 7003689800000000000 \u2660 18 years , 324 days 55 m 6.07 Leonard Scott United States 20 February 1999 Gainesville , United States 7003697200000000000 \u2660 19 years , 32 days 60 m 6.51 Mark Lewis - Francis Great Britain 11 March 2001","World Championships Lisbon , Portugal 7003676300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 188 days 200 m 20.37 Walter Dix United States 11 March 2005 Fayetteville , United States 7003697900000000000 \u2660 19 years , 39 days 300 m 32.87 Tyrese Cooper United States 4 February 2017 Armory Track Invitational New York City , United States 7003616400000000000 \u2660 16 years , 320 days 400 m 44.80 Kirani James Grenada 27 February 2011 SEC Championships Fayetteville , United States 7003675300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 179 days ( 10 ) 500 m 59.83 Abdalleleh Haroun Qatar 17 February 2016 Globen Galan Stockholm , Sweden 7003626800000000000 \u2660 17 years , 59 days 800 m 1 : 44.35 Yuriy Borzakovskiy","Russia 30 January 2000 Dortmund , Germany 7003686700000000000 \u2660 18 years , 293 days 1000 m 2 : 15.77 Abubaker Kaki Sudan 21 February 2008 Stockholm , Sweden 7003681900000000000 \u2660 18 years , 245 days 1500 m 3 : 36.28 Belal Mansoor Ali Bahrain 20 February 2007 Stuttgart , Germany 7003670000000000000 \u2660 18 years , 126 days Mile 3 : 55.02 German Fernandez United States 28 February 2009 Big 12 Championships College Station , United States 7003669300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 118 days 2000 m 4 : 59.02 Remi Limo Kenya 17 February 2007 Birmingham , United Kingdom 7003695400000000000 \u2660 19 years , 14 days 3000 m 7 : 32.87 Hagos Gebrhiwet Ethiopia 3 February 2013 New Balance Grand Prix Boston , United States 7003684300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 268 days 5000 m 12 : 53.29 Isaiah Kiplangat Koech Kenya 11 February 2011 PSD Bank Meeting D\u00fcsseldorf , Germany 7003626300000000000 \u2660 17 years , 54 days ( 11 ) 50 m hurdles ( 106.7 cm ) 6.52","+ Liu Xiang China 24 February 2002 Meeting Pas de Calais Li\u00e9vin , France 7003679900000000000 \u2660 18 years , 224 days 60 m hurdles ( 99 \/ 100 cm )","7.40","Trey Cunningham United States 12 March 2017 New Balance National Scholastic Championships New York City , United States 7003677300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 198 days 60 m hurdles ( 106.7 cm ) 7.55","Liu Xiang China 10 February 2002 Ghent , Belgium 7003678700000000000","\u2660 18 years , 212 days 300 m hurdles 35.93 OT Petteri Pulkkinen Finland 19 February 1992 Finnish Championships Tampere , Finland 400 m hurdles 50.41 OT Wouter Le Roux South Africa 9 February 2005 Botnia Games Mustasaari , Finland 7003696300000000000 \u2660 19 years , 23 days High jump 2.35 m","Vladimir Yashchenko Soviet Union 12 March 1978 European Championships Milan , Italy 7003699900000000000","\u2660 19 years , 59 days Pole vault 5.75 m","Armand Duplantis Sweden 11 February 2017 Millrose Games New York City , United States 7003630300000000000","\u2660 17 years , 93 days 5.82 m","Armand Duplantis Sweden 11 March 2017 New Balance National Scholastic Championships New York City , United States 7003633100000000000 \u2660 17 years , 121 days 5.83 m","A Armand Duplantis Sweden 12 January 2018 UCS Spirit National Pole Vault Summit Reno , United States 7003663800000000000 \u2660 18 years , 63 days Long jump 8.22 m","Viktor Kuznetsov Ukraine 22 January 2005 Brovary , Ukraine 7003676700000000000 \u2660 18 years , 192 days Triple jump 17.20 m","Melvin Raffin France 3 March 2017 European Championships Belgrade , Serbia 7003678100000000000 \u2660 18 years , 206 days Shot put ( 6 kg ) 22.96 m","Konrad Bukowiecki Poland 29 December 2016 Spa\u0142a , Poland 7003722700000000000","\u2660 19 years , 287 days 22.48 m Konrad Bukowiecki Poland 8 January 2016 Toru\u0144 , Poland 7003687100000000000","\u2660 18 years , 297 days Shot put ( 7.26 kg ) 21.05 m Terry Albritton United States 22 February 1974 New York City , United States 7003697900000000000 \u2660 19 years , 39 days Heptathlon ( Junior ) 5984 pts Eusebio C\u00e1ceres Spain 6 -- 7 March 2010 San Sebasti\u00e1n , Spain 7003675300000000000 \u2660 18 years , 178 days 6.94 ( 60 m ) , 7.96 m ( long jump ) , 13.19 m ( shot put ) , 1.96 m ( high jump ) \/","7.90 m ( 60 m hurdles ) , 4.60 m ( pole vault ) , 2 : 51.42 ( 1000 m )","Heptathlon ( Senior ) 6022 pts Gunnar Nixon United States 27 -- 28 January 2012 Razorback Invitational Fayetteville , United States 7003695400000000000 \u2660 19 years , 15 days 7.10 ( 60 m ) , 7.53 m ( long jump ) , 13.97 m ( shot put ) , 2.15 m ( high jump ) \/","8.21 m ( 60 m hurdles ) , 4.50 m ( pole vault ) , 2 : 40.15 ( 1000 m ) 5000 m walk ( track ) 18 : 51.9 ( ht )","Vasiliy Mizinov Russia 6 January 2016 Rodionova Race Walking Memorial Chelyabinsk , Russia 7003658200000000000 \u2660 18 years , 8 days 4 \u00d7 200m relay 1 : 25.36 Andr\u00e9 Volkmann Alexander Kosenkow Marc - Oliver Schmidtchen Jens Weissbach Germany 2 March 1996 Li\u00e9vin , France 7003692800000000000 \u2660 18 years , 354 days 4 \u00d7 400m relay 3 : 13.06","New Bern NC Andrew Hendrix Fuqauwn Green Miles Sparks Anthony Hendrix United States 6 February 2009 Millrose Games New York City , United States 4 \u00d7 800m relay 7",": 36.99 Albemarle High School Zach Vrhovac Luke Noble Garrett Bradley Anthony Kostelac United States 15 March 2009 New Balance Nationals Indoor Roxbury Crossing , United States 7003645300000000000 \u2660 17 years , 243 days 7003673500000000000 \u2660 18 years , 160 days 7003641800000000000 \u2660 17 years , 208 days 7003646400000000000 \u2660 17 years , 254 days"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1307449918553772718","input":"how old was micheal j fox in back to the future","passages":[{"title":"Michael J. Fox","text":"Since 1999 , Fox has mainly worked as a voice - over actor in films such as Stuart Little and Disney 's Atlantis : The Lost Empire . On the CBS TV show The Good Wife , he earned Emmy nominations for three consecutive years for his recurring role as crafty attorney Louis Canning . Fox has also taken recurring guest roles and cameo appearances in Boston Legal , Scrubs , Curb Your Enthusiasm and Rescue Me . He has released three books : Lucky Man : A Memoir ( 2002 ) , Always Looking Up : The Adventures of an Incurable Optimist ( 2009 ) , and A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Future : Twists and Turns and Lessons Learned ( 2010 ) . He was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2010 . He also was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2000 .","sentences":["Since 1999 , Fox has mainly worked as a voice - over actor in films such as Stuart Little and Disney 's Atlantis : The Lost Empire .","On the CBS TV show The Good Wife , he earned Emmy nominations for three consecutive years for his recurring role as crafty attorney Louis Canning .","Fox has also taken recurring guest roles and cameo appearances in Boston Legal , Scrubs , Curb Your Enthusiasm and Rescue Me .","He has released three books : Lucky Man : A Memoir ( 2002 ) , Always Looking Up : The Adventures of an Incurable Optimist ( 2009 ) , and A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Future :","Twists and Turns and Lessons Learned ( 2010 ) .","He was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2010 .","He also was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2000 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"414290858194902225","input":"who is the girl in the new deadpool movie","passages":[{"title":"Deadpool (film)","text":"The writers worked to keep the script 's pop - culture references up - to - date over the years of development . Kinberg confirmed that the film would make fun of Deadpool 's portrayal in X-Men Origins : Wolverine . It also makes jokes at the expense of Green Lantern . While Miller felt that it was okay for audience members to not understand all of the jokes in the film , he wanted to avoid things specifically targeted to comic fans , saying that `` any joke that an audience needs to look up on the internet after the movie is not something I 'm in favour of . '' The film 's post-credits scene is a parody of the equivalent scene from Ferris Bueller 's Day Off , where the title character breaks the fourth wall like Deadpool . In the scene , Deadpool wears a bath robe and tells the audience to go home . He also confirms that Cable will appear in the sequel . After reading the scene , a Fox executive described the film as `` Ferris Bueller 's Day Off meets Natural Born Killers '' , which the writers felt was an accurate description . Co-writer","sentences":["The writers worked to keep the script 's pop - culture references up - to - date over the years of development .","Kinberg confirmed that the film would make fun of Deadpool 's portrayal in X-Men Origins : Wolverine .","It also makes jokes at the expense of Green Lantern .","While Miller felt that it was okay for audience members to not understand all of the jokes in the film , he wanted to avoid things specifically targeted to comic fans , saying that `` any joke that an audience needs to look up on the internet after the movie is not something I 'm in favour of . ''","The film 's post-credits scene is a parody of the equivalent scene from Ferris Bueller 's Day Off , where the title character breaks the fourth wall like Deadpool .","In the scene , Deadpool wears a bath robe and tells the audience to go home .","He also confirms that Cable will appear in the sequel .","After reading the scene , a Fox executive described the film as `` Ferris Bueller 's Day Off meets Natural Born Killers '' , which the writers felt was an accurate description .","Co-writer"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8939189381480584064","input":"where do river ganga and indus have their origin","passages":[{"title":"Indus River","text":"The 2011 Sindh floods began during the Pakistani monsoon season in mid-August 2011 , resulting from heavy monsoon rains in Sindh , eastern Balochistan , and southern Punjab . The floods caused considerable damage ; an estimated 434 civilians were killed , with 5.3 million people and 1,524,773 homes affected . Sindh is a fertile region and often called the `` breadbasket '' of the country ; the damage and toll of the floods on the local agrarian economy was said to be extensive . At least 1.7 million acres ( 690,000 ha ; 2,700 sq mi ) of arable land were inundated . The flooding followed the previous year 's floods , which devastated a large part of the country . Unprecedented torrential monsoon rains caused severe flooding in 16 districts of Sindh .","sentences":["The 2011 Sindh floods began during the Pakistani monsoon season in mid-August 2011 , resulting from heavy monsoon rains in Sindh , eastern Balochistan , and southern Punjab .","The floods caused considerable damage ; an estimated 434 civilians were killed , with 5.3 million people and 1,524,773 homes affected .","Sindh is a fertile region and often called the `` breadbasket '' of the country ; the damage and toll of the floods on the local agrarian economy was said to be extensive .","At least 1.7 million acres ( 690,000 ha ; 2,700 sq mi ) of arable land were inundated .","The flooding followed the previous year 's floods , which devastated a large part of the country .","Unprecedented torrential monsoon rains caused severe flooding in 16 districts of Sindh ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2603348408763493033","input":"who plays the girl guard in orange is the new black","passages":[{"title":"List of Orange Is the New Black characters","text":"Tiffany dislikes Piper after she is placed on the WAC committee despite Piper not having run for the position , and also has a long - running hostile relationship with Alex , with the two of them clashing frequently . Although it is Piper who gets Tiffany released from the psych ward , Tiffany declares a violent vendetta against Piper , eventually attempting to kill her after Piper rebuffed her religious beliefs , but instead Piper beats her up badly . After the beating she appears to have gotten over her vendetta , presumably because Piper 's beating allowed her to get a new set of porcelain teeth at the expense of the prison . Tiffany loses her religious fervor , becoming more easy - going and moderate in her beliefs after attending regular counseling sessions with Healy . Nevertheless , her old friends are now unafraid to stand up to her , and abandon her , leaving her on her own . Ultimately , she finds an unlikely friend in Big Boo , who has also been abandoned by her friends , and Tiffany subsequently cuts her hair short on Boo 's advice .","sentences":["Tiffany dislikes Piper after she is placed on the WAC committee despite Piper not having run for the position , and also has a long - running hostile relationship with Alex , with the two of them clashing frequently .","Although it is Piper who gets Tiffany released from the psych ward , Tiffany declares a violent vendetta against Piper , eventually attempting to kill her after Piper rebuffed her religious beliefs , but instead Piper beats her up badly .","After the beating she appears to have gotten over her vendetta , presumably because Piper 's beating allowed her to get a new set of porcelain teeth at the expense of the prison .","Tiffany loses her religious fervor , becoming more easy - going and moderate in her beliefs after attending regular counseling sessions with Healy .","Nevertheless , her old friends are now unafraid to stand up to her , and abandon her , leaving her on her own .","Ultimately , she finds an unlikely friend in Big Boo , who has also been abandoned by her friends , and Tiffany subsequently cuts her hair short on Boo 's advice ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4471858148513652318","input":"write a short note on indian national movement","passages":[{"title":"Nationalist Movements in India","text":"Indian textile industry also played an important role in the freedom struggle of India . The merchandise of the textile industry pioneered the Industrial revolution in India and soon England was producing cotton cloth in such great quantities that the domestic market was saturated and foreign markets were required to sell the production . On the other hand , India was rich in cotton produce and was in a position to supply British mills with the raw material , they required . This was the time when India was under British rule and the East India Company had already established its roots in India . Raw materials went to England at very low rates and cotton cloth of refined quality was brought back to India and sold here at very high prices . This was draining India 's economy and the textile industry of India suffered greatly . This led to a great resentment among cotton cultivators and traders .","sentences":["Indian textile industry also played an important role in the freedom struggle of India .","The merchandise of the textile industry pioneered the Industrial revolution in India and soon England was producing cotton cloth in such great quantities that the domestic market was saturated and foreign markets were required to sell the production .","On the other hand , India was rich in cotton produce and was in a position to supply British mills with the raw material , they required .","This was the time when India was under British rule and the East India Company had already established its roots in India .","Raw materials went to England at very low rates and cotton cloth of refined quality was brought back to India and sold here at very high prices .","This was draining India 's economy and the textile industry of India suffered greatly .","This led to a great resentment among cotton cultivators and traders ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2779542908333028524","input":"how old are the pll characters in season 1","passages":[{"title":"Pretty Little Liars (season 1)","text":"`` A '' makes Hanna eat cupcakes , making her think about being bulimic again . `` A '' saves Aria 's and Ezra 's relationship . Emily 's mom finds drugs in Maya 's bag , and brings the bag to Maya 's parents , thus sending her to juvie . Spencer unravels the Ali murder , thinking Ian is the killer . She also finds out that her sister , Melissa , is trying to get pregnant . In the end , a video of Ali and Ian is shown , the camera falls , leaving the watchers hearing someone choking someone . A body is thrown to the ground , Ali 's hand appearing in front of the screen . Her name bracelet brings the girls to think Ian killed Ali .","sentences":["`` A '' makes Hanna eat cupcakes , making her think about being bulimic again .","`` A '' saves Aria 's and Ezra 's relationship .","Emily 's mom finds drugs in Maya 's bag , and brings the bag to Maya 's parents , thus sending her to juvie .","Spencer unravels the Ali murder , thinking Ian is the killer .","She also finds out that her sister , Melissa , is trying to get pregnant .","In the end , a video of Ali and Ian is shown , the camera falls , leaving the watchers hearing someone choking someone .","A body is thrown to the ground , Ali 's hand appearing in front of the screen .","Her name bracelet brings the girls to think Ian killed Ali ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1922102392509203812","input":"what are the different applications of the em radiation","passages":[{"title":"Electromagnetic radiation","text":"p = E c = h f c = h \u03bb . ( \\ displaystyle p = ( E \\ over c ) = ( hf \\ over c ) = ( h \\ over \\ lambda ) . )","sentences":["p = E c","= h","f c","= h","\u03bb .","( \\ displaystyle p = ( E \\ over c )","= ( hf \\ over c )","= ( h \\ over \\ lambda ) . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7215863238702895999","input":"what is the basic postulates of special theory of relativity","passages":[{"title":"Postulates of special relativity","text":"( x 1 \u2212 y 1 ) 2 + ( x 2 \u2212 y 2 ) 2 + ( x 3 \u2212 y 3 ) 2 ( \\ displaystyle \\ quad ( \\ sqrt ( ( x_ ( 1 ) - y_ ( 1 ) ) ^ ( 2 ) + ( x_ ( 2 ) - y_ ( 2 ) ) ^ ( 2 ) + ( x_ ( 3 ) - y_ ( 3 ) ) ^ ( 2 ) ) ) )","sentences":["( x 1 \u2212 y 1 ) 2","+ ( x 2 \u2212 y 2 ) 2","+ ( x 3 \u2212 y 3 ) 2 ( \\ displaystyle \\ quad ( \\ sqrt ( ( x_ ( 1 ) - y_ ( 1 ) )","^","( 2 ) +","( x_ ( 2 ) - y_ ( 2 ) ) ^","( 2 ) +","( x_ ( 3 ) - y_ ( 3 ) ) ^","( 2 ) ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-283231015862348091","input":"why do most chemical reactions never reach 100 completion","passages":[{"title":"Yield (chemistry)","text":"Purification steps always lower the yield , through losses incurred during the transfer of material between reaction vessels and purification apparatus or imperfect separation of the product from impurities , which may necessitate the discarding of fractions deemed insufficiently pure . The yield of the product measured after purification ( typically to > 95 % spectroscopic purity , or to sufficient purity to pass combustion analysis ) is called the isolated yield of the reaction . Yields can also be calculated by measuring the amount of product formed ( typically in the crude , unpurified product ) relative to a known amount of an added internal standard , using techniques like gas \/ liquid chromatography , or NMR spectroscopy . A yield determined using this approach is known as an internal standard yield . Yields are typically obtained in this manner to accurately determine the quantity of product produced by a reaction , irrespective of potential isolation problems . Additionally , they can be useful when isolation of the product is challenging or tedious , or when the rapid determination of an approximate yield is desired . Unless otherwise indicated , yields reported in the synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry literature refer to isolated yields , which better reflect the amount of pure product one is likely to obtain under the reported conditions , upon repeating the experimental procedure .","sentences":["Purification steps always lower the yield , through losses incurred during the transfer of material between reaction vessels and purification apparatus or imperfect separation of the product from impurities , which may necessitate the discarding of fractions deemed insufficiently pure .","The yield of the product measured after purification ( typically to > 95 % spectroscopic purity , or to sufficient purity to pass combustion analysis ) is called the isolated yield of the reaction .","Yields can also be calculated by measuring the amount of product formed ( typically in the crude , unpurified product ) relative to a known amount of an added internal standard , using techniques like gas \/ liquid chromatography , or NMR spectroscopy .","A yield determined using this approach is known as an internal standard yield .","Yields are typically obtained in this manner to accurately determine the quantity of product produced by a reaction , irrespective of potential isolation problems .","Additionally , they can be useful when isolation of the product is challenging or tedious , or when the rapid determination of an approximate yield is desired .","Unless otherwise indicated , yields reported in the synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry literature refer to isolated yields , which better reflect the amount of pure product one is likely to obtain under the reported conditions , upon repeating the experimental procedure ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6262225326391280789","input":"where did the term dishwater blonde come from","passages":[{"title":"Blond","text":"Roman fresco from Pompeii showing a Maenad in silk dress , 1st century AD Ancient Roman fresco ( detail ) featuring Perseus and the head of Medusa , Stabiae , Italy , 1st century AD . Fresco depicting a seated woman , from the Villa Arianna at Stabiae , 1st century AD Fresco of a man holding a papyrus roll , Pompeii , Italy , 1st century AD Heracles and Omphale , Pompeian Fourth Style ( 45 -- 79 AD ) Roman fresco of a blond maiden reading a text , Pompeian Fourth Style ( 60 - 79 AD ) , Pompeii Mosaic of Aphrodite from Pompeii Achilles and Agamemnon , from a fresco of Pompeii , 1st century AD Dye worker 's shop of Veranius Hypsaeus , fresco from Pompeii , 1st century AD A maenad holding a cupid , Pompeii , 1st century AD The so - called `` Venus in a bikini '' , from the House of Julia Felix , Pompeii , Italy actually depicts the Roman goddess Aphrodite as she is about to untie her sandal , with a small Eros squatting beneath her left arm Ancient Roman bust of Antinous , made during the reign of Hadrian ( 117 -- 138 AD ) , National Archaeological Museum in Athens . Remnants of a Roman bust of a youth with a blond beard , perhaps depicting Roman emperor Commodus ( r . 177 -- 192 ) , National Archaeological Museum , Athens Polychrome marble statue depicting the goddess Tyche holding the infant Plutus in her arms , 2nd century AD , Istanbul Archaeological Museum Ancient Roman statue of Isis , in the Collection of Greek and Roman Antiquities in the Kunsthistorisches Museum , Vienna ; first half of the 2nd century AD , found in Naples , Italy ; made out of black and white marble . Marble table support adorned by a group including Dionysos , Pan and a Satyr ; Dionysos holds a rhyton in the shape of a panther ; traces of red and yellow colour are preserved on the hair of the figures and the branches ; from an Asia Minor workshop , AD 170 -- 180 , National Archaeological Museum , Athens , Greece Bust of Tiberius Julius Sauromates II ( d . 210 AD ) , ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom in Roman Crimea , one of Rome 's client states Asclepius ( center ) arrives in Kos and is greeted by Hippocrates ( left ) and a citizen ( right ) , mosaic , 2nd -- 3rd century AD Ludovisi Gaul 2nd - century AD Roman copy of a 3rd - century BC Hellenistic original from Pergamon , Palazzo Altemps A blond man in a Roman fresco from Klagenfurt , Austria , Landesmuseum f\u00fcr K\u00e4rnten A mosaic from Tusculum depicting Athena , 3rd century AD Roman mosaic depicting a feminine personification , from the Boathouse of Psyche in Daphne ( suburb of Antioch ) , beginning of 3rd century AD , Louvre Museum A boy holding a platter of fruits and what may be a bucket of crabs , in a kitchen with fish and squid , on the June panel from a mosaic depicting the months ( 3rd century ) A mosaic of young boys hunting from the Villa Romana del Casale , Roman Sicily , 4th century AD A mosaic depicting a game hunt , from the Villa Romana del Casale , Roman Sicily , 4th century AD A Roman fresco depicting the goddess Diana hunting , 4th century AD , from the Via Livenza hypogeum in Rome Mosaic depicting Odysseus , from La Olmeda , Spain , late 4th -- 5th centuries AD Mosaic of a princess of Skyros ( detail from a larger scene of the Iliad showing Achilles and Odysseus ) from the villa of La Olmeda , Spain , late 4th -- 5th centuries AD Achilles being adored by princesses of Skyros , a scene from the Iliad where Odysseus ( Ulysses ) discovers him dressed as a woman and hiding among the princesses at the royal court of Skyros . A late Roman mosaic from La Olmeda , Spain , 4th -- 5th centuries AD Color","sentences":["Roman fresco from Pompeii showing a Maenad in silk dress , 1st century AD Ancient Roman fresco ( detail ) featuring Perseus and the head of Medusa , Stabiae , Italy , 1st century AD .","Fresco depicting a seated woman , from the Villa Arianna at Stabiae , 1st century AD Fresco of a man holding a papyrus roll , Pompeii , Italy , 1st century AD Heracles and Omphale , Pompeian Fourth Style ( 45 -- 79 AD ) Roman fresco of a blond maiden reading a text , Pompeian Fourth Style ( 60 - 79 AD ) , Pompeii Mosaic of Aphrodite from Pompeii Achilles and Agamemnon , from a fresco of Pompeii , 1st century AD Dye worker 's shop of Veranius Hypsaeus , fresco from Pompeii , 1st century AD","A maenad holding a cupid , Pompeii , 1st century","AD The so - called `` Venus in a bikini '' , from the House of Julia Felix , Pompeii , Italy actually depicts the Roman goddess Aphrodite as she is about to untie her sandal , with a small Eros squatting beneath her left arm Ancient Roman bust of Antinous , made during the reign of Hadrian ( 117 -- 138 AD ) , National Archaeological Museum in Athens .","Remnants of a Roman bust of a youth with a blond beard , perhaps depicting Roman emperor Commodus ( r . 177 -- 192 ) , National Archaeological Museum , Athens Polychrome marble statue depicting the goddess Tyche holding the infant Plutus in her arms , 2nd century AD , Istanbul Archaeological Museum Ancient Roman statue of Isis , in the Collection of Greek and Roman Antiquities in the Kunsthistorisches Museum , Vienna ; first half of the 2nd century AD , found in Naples , Italy ; made out of black and white marble .","Marble table support adorned by a group including Dionysos , Pan and a Satyr ; Dionysos holds a rhyton in the shape of a panther ; traces of red and yellow colour are preserved on the hair of the figures and the branches ; from an Asia Minor workshop , AD 170 -- 180 , National Archaeological Museum , Athens , Greece Bust of Tiberius Julius Sauromates II ( d . 210 AD ) , ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom in Roman Crimea , one of Rome 's client states Asclepius ( center ) arrives in Kos and is greeted by Hippocrates ( left ) and a citizen ( right ) , mosaic , 2nd -- 3rd century AD Ludovisi Gaul 2nd - century AD Roman copy of a 3rd - century BC Hellenistic original from Pergamon ,","Palazzo Altemps A blond man in a Roman fresco from Klagenfurt , Austria , Landesmuseum f\u00fcr K\u00e4rnten A mosaic from Tusculum depicting Athena , 3rd century AD Roman mosaic depicting a feminine personification , from the Boathouse of Psyche in Daphne ( suburb of Antioch ) , beginning of 3rd century AD , Louvre Museum A boy holding a platter of fruits and what may be a bucket of crabs , in a kitchen with fish and squid , on the June panel from a mosaic depicting the months ( 3rd century )","A mosaic of young boys hunting from the Villa Romana del Casale , Roman Sicily , 4th century AD A mosaic depicting a game hunt , from the Villa Romana del Casale , Roman Sicily ,","4th century AD A Roman fresco depicting the goddess Diana hunting , 4th century AD , from the Via Livenza hypogeum in Rome Mosaic depicting Odysseus , from La Olmeda , Spain , late 4th -- 5th centuries AD Mosaic of a princess of Skyros ( detail from a larger scene of the Iliad showing Achilles and Odysseus ) from the villa of La Olmeda , Spain , late 4th -- 5th centuries AD Achilles being adored by princesses of Skyros , a scene from the Iliad where Odysseus ( Ulysses ) discovers him dressed as a woman and hiding among the princesses at the royal court of Skyros .","A late Roman mosaic from La Olmeda , Spain , 4th -- 5th centuries AD Color"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6707576578417530900","input":"when is jurassic world 2 releasing in india","passages":[{"title":"Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom","text":"Filming in Hawaii began on June 13 , 2017 . On June 21 , 2017 , filming began at He\u02bbeia Kea Small Boat Harbor in He\u02bbeia , Hawaii . More than half of the harbor was closed for filming , which required the use of smoke machines . Scenes were scheduled to be shot at the harbor throughout the end of the month . On June 22 , 2017 , the film 's official title was announced as Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom . At the time , filming was underway at Kualoa Ranch on the Hawaiian island of Oahu . On July 7 , 2017 , filming took place at Oahu 's H\u0101lona Blowhole . Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard were seen on the ocean beach during filming of Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom . Filming concluded on July 8 , 2017 . Bayona said that making the film was the biggest challenge of his life .","sentences":["Filming in Hawaii began on June 13 , 2017 .","On June 21 , 2017 , filming began at He\u02bbeia Kea Small Boat Harbor in He\u02bbeia , Hawaii .","More than half of the harbor was closed for filming , which required the use of smoke machines .","Scenes were scheduled to be shot at the harbor throughout the end of the month .","On June 22 , 2017 , the film 's official title was announced as Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom .","At the time , filming was underway at Kualoa Ranch on the Hawaiian island of Oahu .","On July 7 , 2017 , filming took place at Oahu 's H\u0101lona Blowhole .","Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard were seen on the ocean beach during filming of Jurassic World : Fallen Kingdom .","Filming concluded on July 8 , 2017 .","Bayona said that making the film was the biggest challenge of his life ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1444319758761555237","input":"what is the function of ethanol in transamination reaction","passages":[{"title":"Transamination","text":"Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism of PLP dependent enzyme catalyzed transamination . Aminotransferase reaction occurs in two stages consisting of three steps : Transimination , Tautomerisation and Hydolysis . In the first stage , alpha amino group of the aminoacid is transferred to PLP yielding an alpha ketoacid and PMP . In the second stage of the reaction , in which the amino group of PMP is transferred to a different alpha Ketoacid to yield a new alpha amino acid and PLP . The product of transamination reactions depend on the availability of \u03b1 - keto acids . The products usually are either alanine , aspartate or glutamate , since their corresponding alpha - keto acids are produced through metabolism of fuels . Being a major degradative aminoacid pathway , lysine , proline and threonine are the only three amino acids that do not always undergo transamination and rather use respective dehydrogenase .","sentences":["Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism of PLP dependent enzyme catalyzed transamination .","Aminotransferase reaction occurs in two stages consisting of three steps : Transimination , Tautomerisation and Hydolysis .","In the first stage , alpha amino group of the aminoacid is transferred to PLP yielding an alpha ketoacid and PMP .","In the second stage of the reaction , in which the amino group of PMP is transferred to a different alpha Ketoacid to yield a new alpha amino acid and PLP .","The product of transamination reactions depend on the availability of \u03b1 - keto acids .","The products usually are either alanine , aspartate or glutamate , since their corresponding alpha - keto acids are produced through metabolism of fuels .","Being a major degradative aminoacid pathway , lysine , proline and threonine are the only three amino acids that do not always undergo transamination and rather use respective dehydrogenase ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2897185099152254785","input":"function of three tiny bones in the ear","passages":[{"title":"Middle ear","text":"The structure of the middle ear in living amphibians varies considerably , and is often degenerate . In most frogs and toads , it is similar to that of reptiles , but in other amphibians , the middle ear cavity is often absent . In these cases , the stapes either is also missing or , in the absence of an eardrum , connects to the quadrate bone in the skull , although , it is presumed , it still has some ability to transmit vibrations to the inner ear . In many amphibians , there is also a second auditory ossicle , the operculum ( not to be confused with the structure of the same name in fishes ) . This is a flat , plate - like bone , overlying the fenestra ovalis , and connecting it either to the stapes or , via a special muscle , to the scapula . It is not found in any other vertebrates .","sentences":["The structure of the middle ear in living amphibians varies considerably , and is often degenerate .","In most frogs and toads , it is similar to that of reptiles , but in other amphibians , the middle ear cavity is often absent .","In these cases , the stapes either is also missing or , in the absence of an eardrum , connects to the quadrate bone in the skull , although , it is presumed , it still has some ability to transmit vibrations to the inner ear .","In many amphibians , there is also a second auditory ossicle , the operculum ( not to be confused with the structure of the same name in fishes ) .","This is a flat , plate - like bone , overlying the fenestra ovalis , and connecting it either to the stapes or , via a special muscle , to the scapula .","It is not found in any other vertebrates ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7398673820187145982","input":"the us pursued a policy of isolationism after","passages":[{"title":"United States non-interventionism","text":"The economic depression that ensued after the Crash of 1929 , also continued to abet non-intervention . The attention of the country focused mostly on addressing the problems of the national economy . The rise of aggressive expansionism policies by Fascist Italy and the Empire of Japan led to conflicts such as the Italian conquest of Ethiopia and the Japanese invasion of Manchuria . These events led to ineffectual condemnations by the League of Nations . Official American response was muted . America also did not take sides in the brutal Spanish Civil War .","sentences":["The economic depression that ensued after the Crash of 1929 , also continued to abet non-intervention .","The attention of the country focused mostly on addressing the problems of the national economy .","The rise of aggressive expansionism policies by Fascist Italy and the Empire of Japan led to conflicts such as the Italian conquest of Ethiopia and the Japanese invasion of Manchuria .","These events led to ineffectual condemnations by the League of Nations .","Official American response was muted .","America also did not take sides in the brutal Spanish Civil War ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4226914735674697819","input":"what is a white candle made out of","passages":[{"title":"Candle","text":"As the mass of solid fuel is melted and consumed , the candle becomes shorter . Portions of the wick that are not emitting vaporized fuel are consumed in the flame . The incineration of the wick limits the exposed length of the wick , thus maintaining a constant burning temperature and rate of fuel consumption . Some wicks require regular trimming with scissors ( or a specialized wick trimmer ) , usually to about one - quarter inch ( ~ 0.7 cm ) , to promote slower , steady burning , and also to prevent smoking . In early times , the wick needed to be trimmed quite frequently . Special candle - scissors , referred to as `` snuffers '' were produced for this purpose in the 20th century and were often combined with an extinguisher . In modern candles , the wick is constructed so that it curves over as it burns . This ensures that the end of the wick gets oxygen and is then consumed by fire -- a self - trimming wick .","sentences":["As the mass of solid fuel is melted and consumed , the candle becomes shorter .","Portions of the wick that are not emitting vaporized fuel are consumed in the flame .","The incineration of the wick limits the exposed length of the wick , thus maintaining a constant burning temperature and rate of fuel consumption .","Some wicks require regular trimming with scissors ( or a specialized wick trimmer ) , usually to about one - quarter inch ( ~ 0.7 cm ) , to promote slower , steady burning , and also to prevent smoking .","In early times , the wick needed to be trimmed quite frequently .","Special candle - scissors , referred to as `` snuffers '' were produced for this purpose in the 20th century and were often combined with an extinguisher .","In modern candles , the wick is constructed so that it curves over as it burns .","This ensures that the end of the wick gets oxygen and is then consumed by fire -- a self - trimming wick ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3446638390844888871","input":"how can crossbreeding help save a type of crop plant","passages":[{"title":"Plant breeding","text":"The majority of commercially released transgenic plants are currently limited to plants that have introduced resistance to insect pests and herbicides . Insect resistance is achieved through incorporation of a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) that encodes a protein that is toxic to some insects . For example , the cotton bollworm , a common cotton pest , feeds on Bt cotton it will ingest the toxin and die . Herbicides usually work by binding to certain plant enzymes and inhibiting their action . The enzymes that the herbicide inhibits are known as the herbicides target site . Herbicide resistance can be engineered into crops by expressing a version of target site protein that is not inhibited by the herbicide . This is the method used to produce glyphosate resistant crop plants ( See Glyphosate )","sentences":["The majority of commercially released transgenic plants are currently limited to plants that have introduced resistance to insect pests and herbicides .","Insect resistance is achieved through incorporation of a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) that encodes a protein that is toxic to some insects .","For example , the cotton bollworm , a common cotton pest , feeds on Bt cotton it will ingest the toxin and die .","Herbicides usually work by binding to certain plant enzymes and inhibiting their action .","The enzymes that the herbicide inhibits are known as the herbicides target site .","Herbicide resistance can be engineered into crops by expressing a version of target site protein that is not inhibited by the herbicide .","This is the method used to produce glyphosate resistant crop plants ( See Glyphosate )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7826887222091050231","input":"what groups opposed the effort to increase public education in the 1800s","passages":[{"title":"Education reform","text":"Education reform is the name given to the goal of changing public education . Historically , reforms have taken different forms because the motivations of reformers have differed . However , since the 1980s , education reform has been focused on changing the existing system from one focused on inputs to one focused on outputs ( i.e. , student achievement ) . In the United States , education reform acknowledges and encourages public education as the primary source of K - 12 education for American youth . Education reformers desire to make public education into a market ( in the form of an input - output system ) , where accountability creates high - stakes from curriculum standards tied to standardized tests . As a result of this input - output system , equality has been conceptualized as an end point , which is often evidenced by an achievement gap among diverse populations . This conceptualization of education reform is based on the market - logic of competition . As a consequence , competition creates inequality which has continued to drive the market - logic of equality at an end point by reproduce the achievement gap among diverse youth . Overall , education reform has and continues to be used as a substitute for needed economic reforms in the United States .","sentences":["Education reform is the name given to the goal of changing public education .","Historically , reforms have taken different forms because the motivations of reformers have differed .","However , since the 1980s , education reform has been focused on changing the existing system from one focused on inputs to one focused on outputs ( i.e. , student achievement ) .","In the United States , education reform acknowledges and encourages public education as the primary source of K - 12 education for American youth .","Education reformers desire to make public education into a market ( in the form of an input - output system ) , where accountability creates high - stakes from curriculum standards tied to standardized tests .","As a result of this input - output system , equality has been conceptualized as an end point , which is often evidenced by an achievement gap among diverse populations .","This conceptualization of education reform is based on the market - logic of competition .","As a consequence , competition creates inequality which has continued to drive the market - logic of equality at an end point by reproduce the achievement gap among diverse youth .","Overall , education reform has and continues to be used as a substitute for needed economic reforms in the United States ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8192333771677275843","input":"how many dragon ball super episodes are english dub","passages":[{"title":"List of Dragon Ball Super episodes","text":"65 19 `` Is This the Final Judgement ? ! The Ultimate Power of the Absolute God '' \/ `` Saigo no shipan ka ! ? Zettai shin no ky\u016bkyoku no paw\u0101 '' ( \u6700\u5f8c \u306e \u5be9\u5224 \u304b ! ? \u7d76\u5bfe \u795e \u306e \u7a76\u6975 \u306e \u529b ( \u30d1\u30ef\u30fc ) ) November 6 , 2016 May 26 , 2018","sentences":["65 19 `` Is This the Final Judgement ? !","The Ultimate Power of the Absolute God '' \/ `` Saigo no shipan ka ! ?","Zettai shin","no ky\u016bkyoku no paw\u0101 ''","( \u6700\u5f8c \u306e \u5be9\u5224 \u304b ! ?","\u7d76\u5bfe \u795e \u306e \u7a76\u6975 \u306e \u529b ( \u30d1\u30ef\u30fc ) )","November 6 , 2016 May 26 , 2018"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3263275927152392878","input":"what actors are in the new mamma mia movie","passages":[{"title":"Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again","text":"Back in the present , the guests have arrived at the party and Sophie is reunited with her other two fathers and Sky . Sophie reveals to Sky she is pregnant and has never felt closer to her mother , having now understood what her mother went through . Bill and Rosie reunite over their grief for Donna . Sophie 's estranged grandmother and Donna 's mother , Ruby , arrives despite Sophie deciding not to invite her . She reveals that Sky tracked her down in New York and she wants to build a real relationship with Sophie . Sophie then performs a song with Tanya and Rosie in honor of her mother , with her grandmother tearfully telling her afterward how proud she is of her . It is then revealed that the manager of the hotel , Fernando , is Ruby 's ex-lover from 1959 in Mexico , and the two are joyously reunited .","sentences":["Back in the present , the guests have arrived at the party and Sophie is reunited with her other two fathers and Sky .","Sophie reveals to Sky she is pregnant and has never felt closer to her mother , having now understood what her mother went through .","Bill and Rosie reunite over their grief for Donna .","Sophie 's estranged grandmother and Donna 's mother , Ruby , arrives despite Sophie deciding not to invite her .","She reveals that Sky tracked her down in New York and she wants to build a real relationship with Sophie .","Sophie then performs a song with Tanya and Rosie in honor of her mother , with her grandmother tearfully telling her afterward how proud she is of her .","It is then revealed that the manager of the hotel , Fernando , is Ruby 's ex-lover from 1959 in Mexico , and the two are joyously reunited ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1405139334150814586","input":"who went home on last night's episode of ink master","passages":[{"title":"Ink Master (season 10)","text":"Skill of the Week : Accuracy With nine artists remaining , they must compete in a marathon where they have to tattoo a different creature of land , sea or sky in each round . Team Safety Marathon - Round 1 : The teams created octopus tattoos with one artist doing the linework while the other adds in the shadding before the third artist colors the tattoo . The winning team in this round will be safe from elimination . As winner of the last elimination tattoo , Josh assigned all the human canvases . Best Tattoo of the Day : Team Anthony Team Safety Marathon -- Round 2 : Team DJ and Team Steve work on pegasus tattoos . But they wo n't be doing it alone as each team must tag team its respective partner and coach every hour . Best Tattoo of the Day : Team DJ Face Off Tattoo : Steve watches his team square off in a fight for survival as they tattooed a full - bodied jaguar in the style selected by him which was realistic black and grey . Eliminated : FAME Note : This episode was released online ahead of its respective airdate .","sentences":["Skill of the Week : Accuracy With nine artists remaining , they must compete in a marathon where they have to tattoo a different creature of land , sea or sky in each round .","Team Safety Marathon - Round 1 : The teams created octopus tattoos with one artist doing the linework while the other adds in the shadding before the third artist colors the tattoo .","The winning team in this round will be safe from elimination .","As winner of the last elimination tattoo , Josh assigned all the human canvases .","Best Tattoo of the Day : Team Anthony Team Safety Marathon --","Round 2 : Team DJ and Team Steve work on pegasus tattoos .","But they wo n't be doing it alone as each team must tag team its respective partner and coach every hour .","Best Tattoo of the Day : Team DJ Face Off Tattoo : Steve watches his team square off in a fight for survival as they tattooed a full - bodied jaguar in the style selected by him which was realistic black and grey .","Eliminated :","FAME Note : This episode was released online ahead of its respective airdate ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2151999730397356946","input":"when did going to the gym became popular","passages":[{"title":"Fitness culture","text":"Personal trainers act as representative roles that represent the fitness club . It is a kind of representation for customers in term of satisfaction and loyalty to that particular fitness institution . Trainers also act as brokers , or agents , to create a link between the activities of their customers and the purchase of extra goods and services that their customers need for particular activities such as shoes for specific training , clothing , or home equipment . Trainers are also motivators of the goods and services . They are required to have technical skills in order to provide professional fitness services to their customers and they need to have good communication skills meant to persuade their customers to do more in the fitness institution , which in turn means purchasing more goods and services . Finally , personal trainers also act as entrepreneurs : creating a large network of customers for different goods and services in order to produce profits . From this point of view , personal trainers are intermediaries between customers and the fitness institution , playing a crucial role in the commercialization of fitness culture .","sentences":["Personal trainers act as representative roles that represent the fitness club .","It is a kind of representation for customers in term of satisfaction and loyalty to that particular fitness institution .","Trainers also act as brokers , or agents , to create a link between the activities of their customers and the purchase of extra goods and services that their customers need for particular activities such as shoes for specific training , clothing , or home equipment .","Trainers are also motivators of the goods and services .","They are required to have technical skills in order to provide professional fitness services to their customers and they need to have good communication skills meant to persuade their customers to do more in the fitness institution , which in turn means purchasing more goods and services .","Finally , personal trainers also act as entrepreneurs : creating a large network of customers for different goods and services in order to produce profits .","From this point of view , personal trainers are intermediaries between customers and the fitness institution , playing a crucial role in the commercialization of fitness culture ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7012145687414993988","input":"what was the last episode of love boat","passages":[{"title":"List of The Love Boat episodes","text":"A woman whom Stubing likes ( Barbara Rush ) comes on board but before he could make a move she hooks up with another man ( Jon Cypher ) . A friend of Doc 's ( Barbi Benton ) comes on board with her boyfriend ( Dack Rambo ) . Now she wants a commitment but the guy keeps on making excuses to the point of faking an illness . Doc tries to help her by calling his bluff but discovers he actually truly is sick . And an underage couple ( Timothy Patrick Murphy and Cristen Kauffman ) comes on board to lose their virginity together . The girl 's father ( Frank Aletter ) who 's an exec of the line tells Stubbing to make sure nothing happens between them . And Stubing lays that task on Gopher . Also","sentences":["A woman whom Stubing likes ( Barbara Rush ) comes on board but before he could make a move she hooks up with another man ( Jon Cypher ) .","A friend of Doc 's ( Barbi Benton ) comes on board with her boyfriend ( Dack Rambo ) .","Now she wants a commitment but the guy keeps on making excuses to the point of faking an illness .","Doc tries to help her by calling his bluff but discovers he actually truly is sick .","And an underage couple ( Timothy Patrick Murphy and Cristen Kauffman ) comes on board to lose their virginity together .","The girl 's father ( Frank Aletter ) who 's an exec of the line tells Stubbing to make sure nothing happens between them .","And Stubing lays that task on Gopher .","Also"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3346291862974131768","input":"where do the names france and england come from","passages":[{"title":"Name of France","text":"Before being named France , the land was called Gaul ( Latin : Gallia ; French : Gaule ) . This name continued to be used even after the beginning of the reign of the Franks ' Kings Clovis I , Charles Martel , Pepin the Short , and Charlemagne . In fact , for as long as the cultural elites of Europe used Latin predominantly , the name Gallia continued to be used alongside the name France . In English usage , the words Gaul and Gaulish are used synonymously with Latin Gallia , Gallus and Gallicus . However the similarity of the names is probably coincidental ; the English words are borrowed from French Gaule and Gaulois , which appear to have been borrowed themselves from Germanic walha - , the usual word for the non-Germanic - speaking peoples ( Celtic - speaking and Latin - speaking indiscriminately ) . The Germanic w is regularly rendered as gu \/ g in French ( cf . guerre = war , garder = ward ) , and the diphthong au is the regular outcome of al before a following consonant ( cf . cheval ~ chevaux ) . Gaule or Gaulle can hardly be derived from Latin Gallia , since g would become j before a ( cf . gamba > jambe ) , and the diphthong au would be incomprehensible ; the regular outcome of Latin Gallia would have been * Jaille in French. ( 3 ) ( 4 )","sentences":["Before being named France , the land was called Gaul ( Latin : Gallia ; French : Gaule ) .","This name continued to be used even after the beginning of the reign of the Franks ' Kings Clovis I , Charles Martel , Pepin the Short , and Charlemagne .","In fact , for as long as the cultural elites of Europe used Latin predominantly , the name Gallia continued to be used alongside the name France .","In English usage , the words Gaul and Gaulish are used synonymously with Latin Gallia , Gallus and Gallicus .","However the similarity of the names is probably coincidental ; the English words are borrowed from French Gaule and Gaulois , which appear to have been borrowed themselves from Germanic walha - , the usual word for the non-Germanic - speaking peoples ( Celtic - speaking and Latin - speaking indiscriminately ) .","The Germanic w is regularly rendered as gu \/ g in French ( cf .","guerre = war , garder = ward ) , and the diphthong au is the regular outcome of al before a following consonant ( cf . cheval ~ chevaux ) .","Gaule or Gaulle can hardly be derived from Latin Gallia , since g would become j before a ( cf .","gamba > jambe ) , and the diphthong au would be incomprehensible ; the regular outcome of Latin Gallia would have been * Jaille in French.","( 3 ) ( 4 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1960664650622221683","input":"the diocese of west yorkshire and the dales","passages":[{"title":"Anglican Diocese of Leeds","text":"As the largest and most populous city in the area , it was generally felt that Leeds should be the diocesan see . Thus , the new diocese would be the Diocese of Leeds and its diocesan bishop the Bishop of Leeds . Accordingly , none of the three cathedrals would be a `` principal cathedral '' . Rather , they would have equal status , with a merged college led by a presiding dean ( initially the senior one by tenure -- i.e. Jonathan Greener , Dean of Wakefield -- but later the one appointed by the diocesan bishop ) , while each cathedral 's dean would remain in charge of his or her own cathedral . Additionally , the Leeds Minster would become the pro-cathedral for the new diocese if and when the diocesan bishop decides . The governance of that church would not change , but the rector would become a canon of the diocesan college .","sentences":["As the largest and most populous city in the area , it was generally felt that Leeds should be the diocesan see .","Thus , the new diocese would be the Diocese of Leeds and its diocesan bishop the Bishop of Leeds .","Accordingly , none of the three cathedrals would be a `` principal cathedral '' .","Rather , they would have equal status , with a merged college led by a presiding dean ( initially the senior one by tenure -- i.e. Jonathan Greener , Dean of Wakefield -- but later the one appointed by the diocesan bishop ) , while each cathedral 's dean would remain in charge of his or her own cathedral .","Additionally , the Leeds Minster would become the pro-cathedral for the new diocese if and when the diocesan bishop decides .","The governance of that church would not change , but the rector would become a canon of the diocesan college ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"220845501962073142","input":"what was the grateful dead's biggest hit","passages":[{"title":"Grateful Dead","text":"With the exception of 1975 , when the band was on hiatus and played only four concerts together , the Grateful Dead performed many concerts every year , from their formation in April 1965 , until July 9 , 1995 . Initially all their shows were in California , principally in the San Francisco Bay Area and in or near Los Angeles . They also performed , in 1965 and 1966 , with Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters , as the house band for the Acid Tests . They toured nationally starting in June 1967 ( their first foray to New York ) , with a few detours to Canada , Europe and three nights at the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt in 1978 . They appeared at the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967 , the Woodstock Festival in 1969 and the Festival Express train tour across Canada in 1970 . They were scheduled to appear as the final act at the infamous Altamont Free Concert on December 6 , 1969 after the Rolling Stones but withdrew after security concerns . `` That 's the way things went at Altamont -- so badly that the Grateful Dead , prime organizers and movers of the festival , did n't even get to play , '' staff at Rolling Stone magazine wrote in a detailed narrative on the event ''","sentences":["With the exception of 1975 , when the band was on hiatus and played only four concerts together , the Grateful Dead performed many concerts every year , from their formation in April 1965 , until July 9 , 1995 .","Initially all their shows were in California , principally in the San Francisco Bay Area and in or near Los Angeles .","They also performed , in 1965 and 1966 , with Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters , as the house band for the Acid Tests .","They toured nationally starting in June 1967 ( their first foray to New York ) , with a few detours to Canada , Europe and three nights at the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt in 1978 .","They appeared at the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967 , the Woodstock Festival in 1969 and the Festival Express train tour across Canada in 1970 .","They were scheduled to appear as the final act at the infamous Altamont Free Concert on December 6 , 1969 after the Rolling Stones but withdrew after security concerns .","`` That 's the way things went at Altamont -- so badly that the Grateful Dead , prime organizers and movers of the festival , did n't even get to play , '' staff at Rolling Stone magazine wrote in a detailed narrative on the event ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-263468284028602092","input":"in what ways did the framingham heart study gather its data","passages":[{"title":"Framingham Heart Study","text":"So called `` high normal blood pressure '' increases risk of cardiovascular disease ( high normal blood pressure is called prehypertension in medicine ; it is defined as a systolic pressure of 120 -- 139 mm Hg and \/ or a diastolic pressure of 80 -- 89 mm Hg ) . Lifetime risk of developing elevated blood pressure is 90 % . Obesity is a risk factor for heart failure . Serum aldosterone levels predict risk of elevated blood pressure . Lifetime risk for obesity is approximately 50 % . The `` SHARe '' project is announced , a genome wide association study within the Framingham Heart Study . Social contacts of individuals are relevant to whether a person is obese , and whether cigarette smokers decide to quit smoking . Four risk factors for a precursor of heart failure are discovered . 30 - year risk for serious cardiac events can be calculated . American Heart Association considers certain genomic findings of the Framingham Heart Study one of the top research achievements in cardiology . Some genes increase risk of atrial fibrillation . Risk of poor memory is increased in middle aged men and women if the parents had suffered from dementia .","sentences":["So called `` high normal blood pressure '' increases risk of cardiovascular disease ( high normal blood pressure is called prehypertension in medicine ; it is defined as a systolic pressure of 120","-- 139 mm","Hg and \/ or a diastolic pressure of 80 -- 89 mm Hg ) .","Lifetime risk of developing elevated blood pressure is 90 % .","Obesity is a risk factor for heart failure .","Serum aldosterone levels predict risk of elevated blood pressure .","Lifetime risk for obesity is approximately 50 % .","The `` SHARe '' project is announced , a genome wide association study within the Framingham Heart Study .","Social contacts of individuals are relevant to whether a person is obese , and whether cigarette smokers decide to quit smoking .","Four risk factors for a precursor of heart failure are discovered .","30 - year risk for serious cardiac events can be calculated .","American Heart Association considers certain genomic findings of the Framingham Heart Study one of the top research achievements in cardiology .","Some genes increase risk of atrial fibrillation .","Risk of poor memory is increased in middle aged men and women if the parents had suffered from dementia ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"237523927476078157","input":"how many earthquakes are there in new zealand each year","passages":[{"title":"List of earthquakes in New Zealand","text":"Date Location Region Magnitude ( M ) Magnitude ( M ) Depth Latitude Longitude Fatalities Further information 1815 New Plymouth Taranaki 7.0 25 km 38.99 \u00b0 S 174.00 \u00b0 E 1817 Fiordland South Island 7.0 25 km 45.99 \u00b0 S 167.00 \u00b0 E 1826 Fiordland South Island 8.0 8.0 25 km 44.99 \u00b0 S 167.00 \u00b0 E 1835 South Auckland Auckland 7.0 25 km 36.99 \u00b0 S 175.00 \u00b0 E Apparently a large shallow earthquake followed by aftershocks . Evidence rests on a single report that has so far not been verified 1838 Waitotara Forest Manawatu 7.0 25 km 39.39 \u00b0 S 176.10 \u00b0 E 26 May 1840 Paraparaumu Wellington 6.0 25 km 41.00 \u00b0 S 175.00 \u00b0 E 8 Jul 1843 Near Taihape Manawatu 7.6 7.6 12 km 39.59 \u00b0 S 176.20 \u00b0 E 1843 Wanganui earthquake 13 Jul 1846 Snares Islands Southland 6.3 25 km 47.00 \u00b0 S 166.00 \u00b0 E 19 Nov 1846 Karamea West Coast 6.5 25 km 41.00 \u00b0 S 172.00 \u00b0 E 4 Dec 1846 Wellington Wellington 6.0 25 km 41.00 \u00b0 S 174.50 \u00b0 E 16 Oct 1848 Blenheim Marlborough 7.4 7.8 12 km 41.89 \u00b0 S 173.60 \u00b0 E 1848 Marlborough earthquake 27 Jul 1851 Motueka Tasman 6.0 25 km 41.00 \u00b0 S 173.00 \u00b0 E 23 Jan 1855 Lake Wairarapa Wairarapa 8.2 8.2 33 km 41.198 \u00b0 S 175.20 \u00b0 E 9 1855 Wairarapa earthquake 23 Feb 1863 Waipukurau Hawke 's Bay 7.5 25 km 40.00 \u00b0 S 176.50 \u00b0 E 1863 Hawke 's Bay earthquake 19 Oct 1868 Cape Farewell Tasman 7.2 12 km 40.20 \u00b0 S 173.00 \u00b0 E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 5 Jun 1869 Christchurch Canterbury 4.7 -- 5.7 5 km 43.55 \u00b0 S 172.60 \u00b0 E 1869 Christchurch earthquake 18 Jul 1876 Palmerston North Manawatu 6.8 50 km 40.19 \u00b0 S 175.80 \u00b0 E Felt strongly in Palmerston North 25 Jun 1881 Palmerston North Manawatu 6.7 33 km 40.39 \u00b0 S 175.60 \u00b0 E Felt strongly in Palmerston North 5 Dec 1881 Castle Hill Canterbury 6.0 12 km 43.13 \u00b0 S 171.77 \u00b0 E Damaged stone buildings in Christchurch , including ChristChurch Cathedral 1 Sep 1888 Lewis Pass Canterbury 7.0 7.1 12 km 42.59 \u00b0 S 172.55 \u00b0 E 1888 North Canterbury earthquake 23 Jun 1891 Port Waikato Auckland 6.2 12 km 37.43 \u00b0 S 174.43 \u00b0 E Felt in Auckland \/ Waikato 12 Feb 1893 Nelson Tasman Bay 6.7 70 km 40.99 \u00b0 S 173.80 \u00b0 E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 18 Aug 1895 Taupo Bay of Plenty 6.0 12 km 38.80 \u00b0 S 176.80 \u00b0 E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 8 Dec 1897 Wanganui Manawatu 6.5 40 km 39.99 \u00b0 S , 175.00 \u00b0 E Felt throughout North Island , Strong in Wanganui","sentences":["Date Location Region Magnitude ( M ) Magnitude ( M ) Depth Latitude Longitude Fatalities Further information 1815 New Plymouth Taranaki 7.0 25 km 38.99 \u00b0","S 174.00 \u00b0","E 1817 Fiordland South Island 7.0 25 km 45.99 \u00b0","S 167.00","\u00b0","E 1826 Fiordland South Island 8.0 8.0 25 km 44.99","\u00b0","S 167.00 \u00b0","E 1835 South Auckland Auckland 7.0 25 km 36.99 \u00b0","S","175.00","\u00b0","E Apparently a large shallow earthquake followed by aftershocks .","Evidence rests on a single report that has so far not been verified 1838","Waitotara Forest Manawatu 7.0 25 km 39.39 \u00b0 S 176.10 \u00b0","E 26 May 1840 Paraparaumu Wellington 6.0 25 km 41.00 \u00b0 S 175.00","\u00b0","E 8 Jul 1843 Near Taihape Manawatu 7.6 7.6 12 km 39.59 \u00b0 S 176.20","\u00b0 E 1843 Wanganui earthquake 13 Jul 1846 Snares Islands Southland 6.3 25 km 47.00 \u00b0 S 166.00","\u00b0","E 19 Nov 1846 Karamea West Coast 6.5 25 km 41.00 \u00b0 S 172.00 \u00b0","E 4 Dec 1846 Wellington Wellington 6.0 25 km 41.00 \u00b0 S 174.50 \u00b0","E 16 Oct 1848 Blenheim Marlborough 7.4 7.8 12 km 41.89","\u00b0 S 173.60 \u00b0","E 1848 Marlborough earthquake 27 Jul 1851 Motueka Tasman 6.0 25 km 41.00 \u00b0 S 173.00 \u00b0","E 23 Jan 1855 Lake Wairarapa Wairarapa 8.2 8.2 33 km 41.198 \u00b0","S 175.20 \u00b0","E 9 1855 Wairarapa earthquake 23 Feb 1863 Waipukurau Hawke 's Bay 7.5 25 km 40.00 \u00b0 S 176.50 \u00b0","E 1863 Hawke 's Bay earthquake 19 Oct 1868 Cape Farewell Tasman 7.2 12 km 40.20","\u00b0 S 173.00","\u00b0","E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 5 Jun 1869 Christchurch Canterbury 4.7 -- 5.7 5 km 43.55 \u00b0","S 172.60 \u00b0","E 1869 Christchurch earthquake 18 Jul 1876 Palmerston North Manawatu 6.8 50 km 40.19 \u00b0 S 175.80 \u00b0","E Felt strongly in Palmerston North 25 Jun 1881 Palmerston North Manawatu 6.7 33 km 40.39 \u00b0 S 175.60","\u00b0","E Felt strongly in Palmerston North 5 Dec 1881 Castle Hill Canterbury 6.0 12 km 43.13 \u00b0","S 171.77 \u00b0","E Damaged stone buildings in Christchurch , including ChristChurch Cathedral 1 Sep 1888 Lewis Pass Canterbury 7.0 7.1 12 km 42.59 \u00b0 S 172.55 \u00b0 E 1888 North Canterbury earthquake 23 Jun 1891 Port Waikato Auckland 6.2 12 km 37.43","\u00b0 S","174.43 \u00b0","E Felt in Auckland \/ Waikato 12 Feb 1893 Nelson Tasman Bay 6.7 70 km 40.99 \u00b0","S","173.80","\u00b0","E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 18 Aug 1895 Taupo Bay of Plenty 6.0 12 km 38.80 \u00b0 S 176.80 \u00b0","E Felt throughout Central New Zealand 8","Dec 1897 Wanganui Manawatu 6.5 40 km 39.99 \u00b0","S , 175.00 \u00b0 E Felt throughout North Island , Strong in Wanganui"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6062741611937269010","input":"who played the big guy in guardians of the galaxy","passages":[{"title":"Guardians of the Galaxy (film)","text":"Vin Diesel as Groot : A tree - like humanoid who is the accomplice of Rocket . Diesel stated that he provided the voice and motion capture for Groot , after originally being in talks to star in a new Phase Three Marvel film . Diesel also provided Groot 's voice for several foreign - language releases of the film . Krystian Godlewski portrayed the character on set , though his acting was not used in the final character CGI . On the character , which Gunn based on his dog , Gunn said , `` All the Guardians start out the movie as bastards -- except Groot . He 's an innocent . He 's a hundred percent deadly and a hundred percent sweet . He 's caught up in Rocket 's life , really . '' Gunn added that the design and movement of Groot took `` the better part of a year '' to create . Gunn added , `` The ways in which Vin Diesel says , ' I am Groot , ' I am astounded . All of the ' I am Groots ' that were earlier voices did n't sound very good at all ... Vin came in and in one day , laid down all these ' I am Groot ' tracks , and he 's a perfectionist . He made me explain to him with ever ( sic ) ' I am Groot , ' exactly what he was saying ... It was amazing when we first put that voice in there how much the character changed and how much he influenced the character . '' Regarding the limited words used by Groot , Diesel said in many ways this was , `` ... the most challenging thing to ask an actor to do . '' Diesel found an emotional note in his performance , invoking the death of his friend and Fast and Furious co-star Paul Walker , saying , `` This was in December ( 2013 ) , and the first time I came back to dealing with human beings after dealing with death , so playing a character who celebrates life in the way Groot does was very nice . '' Groot 's form and size - changing abilities are seen , with Gunn stating that he has the ability to grow in the film .","sentences":["Vin Diesel as Groot : A tree - like humanoid who is the accomplice of Rocket .","Diesel stated that he provided the voice and motion capture for Groot , after originally being in talks to star in a new Phase Three Marvel film .","Diesel also provided Groot 's voice for several foreign - language releases of the film .","Krystian Godlewski portrayed the character on set , though his acting was not used in the final character CGI .","On the character , which Gunn based on his dog , Gunn said , `` All the Guardians start out the movie as bastards -- except Groot .","He 's an innocent .","He 's a hundred percent deadly and a hundred percent sweet .","He 's caught up in Rocket 's life , really . ''","Gunn added that the design and movement of Groot took `` the better part of a year '' to create .","Gunn added , `` The ways in which Vin Diesel says , ' I am Groot , ' I am astounded .","All of the ' I am Groots ' that were earlier voices did n't sound very good at all ...","Vin came in and in one day , laid down all these ' I am Groot ' tracks , and he 's a perfectionist .","He made me explain to him with ever ( sic ) '","I am Groot , ' exactly what he was saying ...","It was amazing when we first put that voice in there how much the character changed and how much he influenced the character . ''","Regarding the limited words used by Groot , Diesel said in many ways this was , `` ... the most challenging thing to ask an actor to do . ''","Diesel found an emotional note in his performance , invoking the death of his friend and Fast and Furious co-star Paul Walker , saying , `` This was in December ( 2013 ) , and the first time I came back to dealing with human beings after dealing with death , so playing a character who celebrates life in the way Groot does was very nice . ''","Groot 's form and size - changing abilities are seen , with Gunn stating that he has the ability to grow in the film ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7433636439824626419","input":"what happened after the british burned the white house","passages":[{"title":"Burning of Washington","text":"The British government , already at war with Napoleonic France , adopted a defensive strategy against the United States when the Americans declared war in 1812 . Reinforcements were held back from Canada and reliance was instead made on local militias and native allies to bolster the British Army in Canada . However , after the defeat and exile of Napoleon Bonaparte in April 1814 , Britain was able to use its now available troops and ships to prosecute its war with the United States . In addition to reinforcements sent to Canada , the Earl of Bathurst , Secretary of State for War and the Colonies , dispatched an army brigade and additional naval vessels to Bermuda , from where a blockade of the US coast and even the occupation of some coastal islands had been overseen throughout the war . It was decided to use these forces in raids along the Atlantic seaboard to draw American forces away from Canada . The commanders were under strict orders , however , not to carry out operations far inland , or to attempt to hold territory . Early in 1814 , Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane had been appointed Commander - in - Chief of the Royal Navy 's North America and West Indies Station , controlling naval forces based at the new Bermuda dockyard and the Halifax Naval Yard which were used to blockade US Atlantic ports throughout the war . He planned to carry the war into the United States by attacks in Virginia and against New Orleans . Admiralty","sentences":["The British government , already at war with Napoleonic France , adopted a defensive strategy against the United States when the Americans declared war in 1812 .","Reinforcements were held back from Canada and reliance was instead made on local militias and native allies to bolster the British Army in Canada .","However , after the defeat and exile of Napoleon Bonaparte in April 1814 , Britain was able to use its now available troops and ships to prosecute its war with the United States .","In addition to reinforcements sent to Canada , the Earl of Bathurst , Secretary of State for War and the Colonies , dispatched an army brigade and additional naval vessels to Bermuda , from where a blockade of the US coast and even the occupation of some coastal islands had been overseen throughout the war .","It was decided to use these forces in raids along the Atlantic seaboard to draw American forces away from Canada .","The commanders were under strict orders , however , not to carry out operations far inland , or to attempt to hold territory .","Early in 1814 , Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane had been appointed Commander - in - Chief of the Royal Navy 's North America and West Indies Station , controlling naval forces based at the new Bermuda dockyard and the Halifax Naval Yard which were used to blockade US Atlantic ports throughout the war .","He planned to carry the war into the United States by attacks in Virginia and against New Orleans .","Admiralty"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2669815174696203217","input":"summary of the story the merchant of venice","passages":[{"title":"The Merchant of Venice","text":"The play was entered in the Register of the Stationers Company , the method at that time of obtaining copyright for a new play , by James Roberts on 22 July 1598 under the title The Merchant of Venice , otherwise called The Jew of Venice . On 28 October 1600 Roberts transferred his right to the play to the stationer Thomas Heyes ; Heyes published the first quarto before the end of the year . It was printed again in 1619 , as part of William Jaggard 's so - called False Folio . ( Afterward , Thomas Heyes ' son and heir Laurence Heyes asked for and was granted a confirmation of his right to the play , on 8 July 1619 . ) The 1600 edition is generally regarded as being accurate and reliable . It is the basis of the text published in the 1623 First Folio , which adds a number of stage directions , mainly musical cues .","sentences":["The play was entered in the Register of the Stationers Company , the method at that time of obtaining copyright for a new play , by James Roberts on 22 July 1598 under the title The Merchant of Venice , otherwise called The Jew of Venice .","On 28 October 1600 Roberts transferred his right to the play to the stationer Thomas Heyes ; Heyes published the first quarto before the end of the year .","It was printed again in 1619 , as part of William Jaggard 's so - called False Folio .","( Afterward , Thomas Heyes ' son and heir Laurence Heyes asked for and was granted a confirmation of his right to the play , on 8 July 1619 . )","The 1600 edition is generally regarded as being accurate and reliable .","It is the basis of the text published in the 1623 First Folio , which adds a number of stage directions , mainly musical cues ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8335964270317491846","input":"what mutants were in days of future past","passages":[{"title":"X-Men: Days of Future Past","text":"A mutant who can absorb the life force and mutant abilities of anyone she touches . Kinberg wrote a shorter part for Paquin than initially planned because she did not have much time to be on - set . During post-production , Paquin 's role was reduced to a cameo after most of her scenes were cut ; these scenes were later restored on an alternate version of the film , which was released to home media . According to Kinberg , Rogue was to be rescued by the future Magneto and Xavier to provide the elder characters a mission , `` something like Unforgiven '' . Eventually the producers felt it was a subplot that did `` not service the main story '' , and reshot scenes to replace them . However , she was still featured in the film 's various promotional materials . Paquin later stated that she still had fun making the film and did not mind that the majority of her scenes had been cut from it .","sentences":["A mutant who can absorb the life force and mutant abilities of anyone she touches .","Kinberg wrote a shorter part for Paquin than initially planned because she did not have much time to be on - set .","During post-production , Paquin 's role was reduced to a cameo after most of her scenes were cut ; these scenes were later restored on an alternate version of the film , which was released to home media .","According to Kinberg , Rogue was to be rescued by the future Magneto and Xavier to provide the elder characters a mission , `` something like Unforgiven '' .","Eventually the producers felt it was a subplot that did `` not service the main story '' , and reshot scenes to replace them .","However , she was still featured in the film 's various promotional materials .","Paquin later stated that she still had fun making the film and did not mind that the majority of her scenes had been cut from it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8189244302878555345","input":"what was the impact of the annexation of texas","passages":[{"title":"Texas annexation","text":"On March 1 , 1845 , President Tyler signed the annexation bill , and on March 3 ( his last day in office ) , he forwarded the House version to Texas , offering immediate annexation ( which preempted Polk ) . When Polk took office the next day , he encouraged Texas to accept the Tyler offer . Texas ratified the agreement with popular approval from Texans . The bill was signed by Polk on December 29 , 1845 , accepting Texas as the 28th state of the Union . Texas formally relinquished its sovereignty to the United States on February 19 , 1846 . Following the annexation , relations between the United States and Mexico deteriorated due to an unresolved dispute over the border between Texas and Mexico , and the Mexican - American War broke out only a few months later .","sentences":["On March 1 , 1845 , President Tyler signed the annexation bill , and on March 3 ( his last day in office ) , he forwarded the House version to Texas , offering immediate annexation ( which preempted Polk ) .","When Polk took office the next day , he encouraged Texas to accept the Tyler offer .","Texas ratified the agreement with popular approval from Texans .","The bill was signed by Polk on December 29 , 1845 , accepting Texas as the 28th state of the Union .","Texas formally relinquished its sovereignty to the United States on February 19 , 1846 .","Following the annexation , relations between the United States and Mexico deteriorated due to an unresolved dispute over the border between Texas and Mexico , and the Mexican - American War broke out only a few months later ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-239755631080743597","input":"what does the evil queen in snow white say to the mirror","passages":[{"title":"Magic Mirror (Snow White)","text":"In Once Upon a Time , the Magic Mirror started out as a Genie ( played by Giancarlo Esposito ) where he and his lamp were discovered by King Leopold . King Leopold feels he no need to wish for anything and uses the first and second wishes to free the Genie from the lamp and to give the third wish to the Genie . The Genie expresses the desire to find true love , so King Leopold takes the Genie to his castle as he believes the Genie can find true love there . He falls in love with the King 's wife Queen Regina and gives her a hand mirror . The King reads in the Queen 's diary that she has fallen in love with the man who gave her the hand mirror and asks the Genie to locate him . The Queen is then locked in her room to prevent her from leaving the King . To free her , her father has the Genie bring her a locked box , which turns out to be filled with poisonous vipers from Agrabah so the Queen can kill herself . Instead , the Genie uses the vipers to kill King Leopold and allow the Queen to be with him . She tells him that since the vipers were from his country , the guards will find out that he was the murderer and flee . Realizing the Queen never loved him , he uses his wish to be always with her and to never leave her sight . This traps him in the hand mirror . As a spirit in the Magic Mirror , he is able to move between and see through all other mirrors in the Enchanted Forest . He is used by Regina to spy on and locate others .","sentences":["In Once Upon a Time , the Magic Mirror started out as a Genie ( played by Giancarlo Esposito ) where he and his lamp were discovered by King Leopold .","King Leopold feels he no need to wish for anything and uses the first and second wishes to free the Genie from the lamp and to give the third wish to the Genie .","The Genie expresses the desire to find true love , so King Leopold takes the Genie to his castle as he believes the Genie can find true love there .","He falls in love with the King 's wife Queen Regina and gives her a hand mirror .","The King reads in the Queen 's diary that she has fallen in love with the man who gave her the hand mirror and asks the Genie to locate him .","The Queen is then locked in her room to prevent her from leaving the King .","To free her , her father has the Genie bring her a locked box , which turns out to be filled with poisonous vipers from Agrabah so the Queen can kill herself .","Instead , the Genie uses the vipers to kill King Leopold and allow the Queen to be with him .","She tells him that since the vipers were from his country , the guards will find out that he was the murderer and flee .","Realizing the Queen never loved him , he uses his wish to be always with her and to never leave her sight .","This traps him in the hand mirror .","As a spirit in the Magic Mirror , he is able to move between and see through all other mirrors in the Enchanted Forest .","He is used by Regina to spy on and locate others ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5481502130647772478","input":"do i need a license to buy a rifle in florida","passages":[{"title":"Gun laws in Florida","text":"Open carry when on foot in a public area is generally illegal , but is permitted in certain circumstances , as defined by Florida statute 790.25 ( 3 ) . For example , open carry is permitted while hunting , fishing , camping , gun shows , or while shooting , and while going to and from such activities . The open carry ban statute was challenged in court but the ban was upheld . In 2010 , Florida was one of seven states that had a ban on open carrying of a weapon . In 2015 , Florida is one of five states that has a ban on open carrying of a firearm . There were 2 bills in the works to legalize open carry to those possessing a valid concealed weapons license ( see hb163 and sb300 )","sentences":["Open carry when on foot in a public area is generally illegal , but is permitted in certain circumstances , as defined by Florida statute 790.25 ( 3 ) .","For example , open carry is permitted while hunting , fishing , camping , gun shows , or while shooting , and while going to and from such activities .","The open carry ban statute was challenged in court but the ban was upheld .","In 2010 , Florida was one of seven states that had a ban on open carrying of a weapon .","In 2015 , Florida is one of five states that has a ban on open carrying of a firearm .","There were 2 bills in the works to legalize open carry to those possessing a valid concealed weapons license ( see hb163 and sb300 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5714881713051654920","input":"what happened to denise clark of the clark sisters","passages":[{"title":"The Clark Sisters","text":"One of the Clarks ' signature songs `` Is My Living In Vain '' was remade by R&B quartet Xscape , as well as Light Records gospel quartet Zie'l . An early Clark favorite `` Endow Me '' from their chart topping album You Brought The Sunshine was remade by Coko featuring Faith Evans , Fantasia Barrino , and Lil ' Mo on her 2006 gospel debut . `` You Brought The Sunshine '' has been covered by artists such as Al Green , Kelly Price , Shirley Murdock , Out of Eden , Melinda Doolittle and LeJeune Thompson . The ending vamp of the song `` I 've Got An Angel '' from the ( 1986 ) Heart & Soul album of the Clark Sisters was used by Aaliyah in the song `` Never Givin ' Up '' off of her 1996 album `` One In A Million '' . `` Hallelujah '' from the Clark Sisters was sung in the Derek Luke film Antwone Fisher , starring Denzel Washington . Mary J. Blige sampled The Clark Sisters ' 1980 `` They Were Overcome ( By the Word ) '' from their `` Is My Living in Vain ? '' album . She used the sample on `` Checkin ' for Me , '' from her 2001 smash album , `` No More Drama . '' Rapper Jay - Z sampled their song `` Ha Ya '' , as well as Beyonc\u00e9 's vocals covering the song , on the track `` Family Feud '' on his album , 4 : 44 .","sentences":["One of the Clarks ' signature songs `` Is My Living In Vain '' was remade by R&B quartet Xscape , as well as Light Records gospel quartet Zie'l .","An early Clark favorite `` Endow Me '' from their chart topping album You Brought The Sunshine was remade by Coko featuring Faith Evans , Fantasia Barrino , and Lil ' Mo on her 2006 gospel debut .","`` You Brought The Sunshine '' has been covered by artists such as Al Green , Kelly Price , Shirley Murdock , Out of Eden , Melinda Doolittle and LeJeune Thompson .","The ending vamp of the song `` I 've Got An Angel '' from the ( 1986 ) Heart & Soul album of the Clark Sisters was used by Aaliyah in the song `` Never Givin ' Up '' off of her 1996 album `` One In A Million '' .","`` Hallelujah '' from the Clark Sisters was sung in the Derek Luke film Antwone Fisher , starring Denzel Washington .","Mary J. Blige sampled The Clark Sisters ' 1980 `` They Were Overcome ( By the Word ) ''","from their `` Is My Living in Vain ? ''","album .","She used the sample on `` Checkin ' for Me , '' from her 2001 smash album , `` No More Drama . ''","Rapper Jay - Z sampled their song `` Ha Ya '' , as well as Beyonc\u00e9 's vocals covering the song , on the track `` Family Feud '' on his album , 4 : 44 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3118242954951446580","input":"where was the first cia headquarters building located","passages":[{"title":"Central Intelligence Agency","text":"Feelers the CIA had put out to Iraq in the form of eight of their best officers in Kurdish territory in Northern Iraq hit a goldmine , unprecedented in the famously closed , almost fascist Hussein government . By December 2002 the CIA had close to a dozen good networks in Iraq and would advance so far that they would penetrate Iraq 's SSO , and even tap the encrypted communications of the Deputy Prime Minister , even the bodyguard of Hussein 's son became an agent . As time passed , the CIA would become more and more frantic about the possibility of their networks being compromised , `` rolled up '' . To the CIA , the Invasion had to occur before the end of February 2003 if their sources inside Hussein 's government were to survive . The rollup would happen as predicted , 37 CIA sources recognized by their Thuraya satellite telephones provided for them by the CIA . Former","sentences":["Feelers the CIA had put out to Iraq in the form of eight of their best officers in Kurdish territory in Northern Iraq hit a goldmine , unprecedented in the famously closed , almost fascist Hussein government .","By December 2002 the CIA had close to a dozen good networks in Iraq and would advance so far that they would penetrate Iraq 's SSO , and even tap the encrypted communications of the Deputy Prime Minister , even the bodyguard of Hussein 's son became an agent .","As time passed , the CIA would become more and more frantic about the possibility of their networks being compromised , `` rolled up '' .","To the CIA , the Invasion had to occur before the end of February 2003 if their sources inside Hussein 's government were to survive .","The rollup would happen as predicted , 37 CIA sources recognized by their Thuraya satellite telephones provided for them by the CIA .","Former"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2966764822250750266","input":"what are the major land features of the desert","passages":[{"title":"Desert","text":"Coastal deserts are mostly found on the western edges of continental land masses in regions where cold currents approach the land or cold water upwellings rise from the ocean depths . The cool winds crossing this water pick up little moisture and the coastal regions have low temperatures and very low rainfall , the main precipitation being in the form of fog and dew . The range of temperatures on a daily and annual scale is relatively low , being 11 \u00b0 C ( 20 \u00b0 F ) and 5 \u00b0 C ( 9 \u00b0 F ) respectively in the Atacama Desert . Deserts of this type are often long and narrow and bounded to the east by mountain ranges . They occur in Namibia , Chile , southern California and Baja California . Other coastal deserts influenced by cold currents are found in Western Australia , the Arabian Peninsula and Horn of Africa , and the western fringes of the Sahara .","sentences":["Coastal deserts are mostly found on the western edges of continental land masses in regions where cold currents approach the land or cold water upwellings rise from the ocean depths .","The cool winds crossing this water pick up little moisture and the coastal regions have low temperatures and very low rainfall , the main precipitation being in the form of fog and dew .","The range of temperatures on a daily and annual scale is relatively low , being 11 \u00b0 C ( 20 \u00b0 F ) and 5 \u00b0 C","( 9 \u00b0 F ) respectively in the Atacama Desert .","Deserts of this type are often long and narrow and bounded to the east by mountain ranges .","They occur in Namibia , Chile , southern California and Baja California .","Other coastal deserts influenced by cold currents are found in Western Australia , the Arabian Peninsula and Horn of Africa , and the western fringes of the Sahara ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7067005250537981269","input":"who danced with fred astaire in singin in the rain","passages":[{"title":"Singin' in the Rain","text":"After a rival studio has an enormous hit with its first talking picture , the 1927 film The Jazz Singer , R.F. decides he has no choice but to convert the next Lockwood and Lamont film , The Dueling Cavalier , into a talkie . The production is beset with difficulties , including Lina 's grating voice and strong New York accent . An exasperated diction coach tries to teach her how to speak properly , but to no avail . The Dueling Cavalier 's test screening is a disaster ; the actors are barely audible thanks to the awkward placing of the microphones , Don repeats the line `` I love you '' to Lina over and over , to the audience 's derisive laughter , and in the middle of the film , the sound goes out of synchronization , with hilarious results as Lina shakes her head while the villain 's deep voice says , `` Yes ! Yes ! Yes ! '' and the villain nods his head while Lina 's squeaky soprano says , `` No ! No ! No ! ''","sentences":["After a rival studio has an enormous hit with its first talking picture , the 1927 film The Jazz Singer , R.F. decides he has no choice but to convert the next Lockwood and Lamont film , The Dueling Cavalier , into a talkie .","The production is beset with difficulties , including Lina 's grating voice and strong New York accent .","An exasperated diction coach tries to teach her how to speak properly , but to no avail .","The Dueling Cavalier 's test screening is a disaster ; the actors are barely audible thanks to the awkward placing of the microphones , Don repeats the line `` I love you '' to Lina over and over , to the audience 's derisive laughter , and in the middle of the film , the sound goes out of synchronization , with hilarious results as Lina shakes her head while the villain 's deep voice says , `` Yes !","Yes !","Yes ! ''","and the villain nods his head while Lina 's squeaky soprano says , `` No !","No !","No ! ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3851836487959248004","input":"what happens when you split an oxygen atom","passages":[{"title":"Water splitting","text":"Some prototype Generation IV reactors , such as the High - temperature engineering test reactor , operate at 850 to 1000 degrees Celsius , considerably hotter than existing commercial nuclear power plants . General Atomics predicts that hydrogen produced in a High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor ( HTGR ) would cost $1.53 \/ kg . In 2003 , steam reforming of natural gas yielded hydrogen at $1.40 \/ kg . At 2005 gas prices , hydrogen cost $2.70 \/ kg . Hence , just within the United States , a savings of tens of billions of dollars per year is possible with a nuclear - powered supply . Much of this savings would translate into reduced oil and natural gas imports .","sentences":["Some prototype Generation IV reactors , such as the High - temperature engineering test reactor , operate at 850 to 1000 degrees Celsius , considerably hotter than existing commercial nuclear power plants .","General Atomics predicts that hydrogen produced in a High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor ( HTGR ) would cost $1.53 \/ kg .","In 2003 , steam reforming of natural gas yielded hydrogen at $1.40 \/ kg .","At 2005 gas prices , hydrogen cost $2.70 \/ kg .","Hence , just within the United States , a savings of tens of billions of dollars per year is possible with a nuclear - powered supply .","Much of this savings would translate into reduced oil and natural gas imports ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6393374668602820200","input":"nefertiti queen of the nile full movie english","passages":[{"title":"Nefertiti, Queen of the Nile","text":"In Thebes , Benakon reveals to Tenet that he is her father . He also tells her that she is not to be a priestess ; the old pharaoh had agreed that she should marry Amenophis on his death . He gives her the new name Nefertiti and says she is to be the Queen of the Nile . Amenophis accepts her as his wife , unaware that Nefertiti is the same person as the `` Tenet '' he had given to Tumos . Tumos , an obstacle in the whole plan , has been arrested by Benakon . He eventually escapes from prison , but is attacked and mauled by a lion . He survives and is nursed by Merith ( Liana Orfei ) , an artist 's model who is in love with him . Nefertiti is told he is dead .","sentences":["In Thebes , Benakon reveals to Tenet that he is her father .","He also tells her that she is not to be a priestess ; the old pharaoh had agreed that she should marry Amenophis on his death .","He gives her the new name Nefertiti and says she is to be the Queen of the Nile .","Amenophis accepts her as his wife , unaware that Nefertiti is the same person as the `` Tenet '' he had given to Tumos .","Tumos , an obstacle in the whole plan , has been arrested by Benakon .","He eventually escapes from prison , but is attacked and mauled by a lion .","He survives and is nursed by Merith ( Liana Orfei ) , an artist 's model who is in love with him .","Nefertiti is told he is dead ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1557342053498919873","input":"how many step pyramids are there in egypt","passages":[{"title":"Step pyramid","text":"Ziggurats were huge religious monuments built in the ancient Mesopotamian valley and western Iranian plateau , having the form of a terraced step pyramid of successively receding stories or levels . There are 32 ziggurats known at , and near , Mesopotamia . Twenty - eight of them are in Iraq , and four of them are in Iran . Notable Ziggurats include the Great Ziggurat of Ur near Nasiriyah , Iraq , the Ziggurat of Aqar Quf near Baghdad , Iraq , Chogha Zanbil in Kh\u016bzest\u0101n , Iran , the most recent to be discovered -- Sialk near Kashan , Iran and others . Ziggurats were built by the Sumerians , Babylonians , Elamites and Assyrians as monuments to local religions . The probable predecessors of the ziggurat were temples supported on raised platforms or terraces that date from the Ubaid period during the fourth millennium BC , and the latest date from the 6th century BC . The earliest ziggurats probably date from the latter part of the Early Dynastic Period of Sumer . Built in receding tiers upon a rectangular , oval , or square platform , the ziggurat was a pyramidal structure . Sun - baked bricks made up the core of the ziggurat with facings of fired bricks on the outside . The facings were often glazed in different colors and may have had astrological significance . Kings sometimes had their names engraved on these glazed bricks . The number of tiers ranged from two to seven , with a shrine or temple at the summit . Access to the shrine was provided by a series of ramps on one side of the ziggurat or by a spiral ramp from base to summit . It was also called Hill of Heaven or Mountain of the gods .","sentences":["Ziggurats were huge religious monuments built in the ancient Mesopotamian valley and western Iranian plateau , having the form of a terraced step pyramid of successively receding stories or levels .","There are 32 ziggurats known at , and near , Mesopotamia .","Twenty - eight of them are in Iraq , and four of them are in Iran .","Notable Ziggurats include the Great Ziggurat of Ur near Nasiriyah , Iraq , the Ziggurat of Aqar Quf near Baghdad , Iraq , Chogha Zanbil in Kh\u016bzest\u0101n , Iran , the most recent to be discovered -- Sialk near Kashan , Iran and others .","Ziggurats were built by the Sumerians , Babylonians , Elamites and Assyrians as monuments to local religions .","The probable predecessors of the ziggurat were temples supported on raised platforms or terraces that date from the Ubaid period during the fourth millennium BC , and the latest date from the 6th century BC .","The earliest ziggurats probably date from the latter part of the Early Dynastic Period of Sumer .","Built in receding tiers upon a rectangular , oval , or square platform , the ziggurat was a pyramidal structure .","Sun - baked bricks made up the core of the ziggurat with facings of fired bricks on the outside .","The facings were often glazed in different colors and may have had astrological significance .","Kings sometimes had their names engraved on these glazed bricks .","The number of tiers ranged from two to seven , with a shrine or temple at the summit .","Access to the shrine was provided by a series of ramps on one side of the ziggurat or by a spiral ramp from base to summit .","It was also called Hill of Heaven or Mountain of the gods ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7665348613725160390","input":"snoopy and charlie brown the peanuts full movie","passages":[{"title":"The Peanuts Movie","text":"When the Little Red - Haired Girl moves into his neighborhood , Charlie Brown becomes infatuated with her , though worries his long - running streak of failures will prevent her from noticing him . After Lucy tells him he should try being more confident , Charlie Brown decides to embark upon a series of new activities in hope of finding one that will get the Little Red - Haired Girl to notice him . His first attempt is to participate in the school 's talent show with a magic act and Snoopy helps as well as Woodstock . However , when Sally 's act goes wrong , Charlie Brown sacrifices his time for her , then rescues his sister from being humiliated , although he humiliates himself in return . Charlie Brown subsequently decides to impress the Little Red - Haired Girl with dance skills , so he signs up for the school dance and gets Snoopy to teach him all his best moves . At the dance , Charlie Brown starts to attract praise for his skills , but then he slips and sets off the sprinkler system , causing the dance to be cut short and all the other students to look down upon him once more .","sentences":["When the Little Red - Haired Girl moves into his neighborhood , Charlie Brown becomes infatuated with her , though worries his long - running streak of failures will prevent her from noticing him .","After Lucy tells him he should try being more confident , Charlie Brown decides to embark upon a series of new activities in hope of finding one that will get the Little Red - Haired Girl to notice him .","His first attempt is to participate in the school 's talent show with a magic act and Snoopy helps as well as Woodstock .","However , when Sally 's act goes wrong , Charlie Brown sacrifices his time for her , then rescues his sister from being humiliated , although he humiliates himself in return .","Charlie Brown subsequently decides to impress the Little Red - Haired Girl with dance skills , so he signs up for the school dance and gets Snoopy to teach him all his best moves .","At the dance , Charlie Brown starts to attract praise for his skills , but then he slips and sets off the sprinkler system , causing the dance to be cut short and all the other students to look down upon him once more ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6371573191800782948","input":"when do michael and sara reunite in season 3","passages":[{"title":"Sara Tancredi","text":"In the last third of the season , Sara becomes Michael 's only remaining ally , as Lincoln makes a deal with The Company to get Scylla back in exchange for Michael 's surgery . Michael refuses to accept this deal , and escapes from The Company 's clutches after the surgery with Sara 's help . The plot of the next few episodes see Michael and Lincoln 's teams working against each other to acquire Scylla . Sara 's character gives critical help to Michael , such as distracting a guard at the airport where they capture Vincent Sandinsky , a scientist that appears to have ties to The Company . Sara also attempts to comfort Michael after he learns that his mother , Christina Rose Scofield , is still alive and a Company operative and the buyer of Scylla . In the same episode it is revealed that Sara is pregnant with Michael 's child . In `` Cowboys and Indians '' , Michael and Lincoln put their differences aside and work together to steal Scylla from Christina . Meanwhile , Sara is kidnapped by The Company to hold Michael at ransom . In this and the next episode `` Rate of Exchange '' , Sara shares screen - time with T - Bag for the first time . She is almost raped by him , but is rescued by Michael at the last minute . In the series finale , they hand Scylla over to the UN and are all exonerated . Their happiness is short - lived when it is revealed that Michael 's tumor is back . In the epilogue of the series set four years later , Sara is shown living in Panama with her son , Michael Scofield Jr. ( presumably she is forced to relocate there after her escape from prison as documented in the Final Break ) . She then appears at Michael 's grave with her son at the reunion of many of the series ' principal characters - Lincoln , Mahone and Sucre . She lays flowers on Michael 's grave and the series ends with all the characters walking towards the seaside in the sun .","sentences":["In the last third of the season , Sara becomes Michael 's only remaining ally , as Lincoln makes a deal with The Company to get Scylla back in exchange for Michael 's surgery .","Michael refuses to accept this deal , and escapes from The Company 's clutches after the surgery with Sara 's help .","The plot of the next few episodes see Michael and Lincoln 's teams working against each other to acquire Scylla .","Sara 's character gives critical help to Michael , such as distracting a guard at the airport where they capture Vincent Sandinsky , a scientist that appears to have ties to The Company .","Sara also attempts to comfort Michael after he learns that his mother , Christina Rose Scofield , is still alive and a Company operative and the buyer of Scylla .","In the same episode it is revealed that Sara is pregnant with Michael 's child .","In `` Cowboys and Indians '' , Michael and Lincoln put their differences aside and work together to steal Scylla from Christina .","Meanwhile , Sara is kidnapped by The Company to hold Michael at ransom .","In this and the next episode `` Rate of Exchange '' , Sara shares screen - time with T - Bag for the first time .","She is almost raped by him , but is rescued by Michael at the last minute .","In the series finale , they hand Scylla over to the UN and are all exonerated .","Their happiness is short - lived when it is revealed that Michael 's tumor is back .","In the epilogue of the series set four years later , Sara is shown living in Panama with her son , Michael Scofield Jr. ( presumably she is forced to relocate there after her escape from prison as documented in the Final Break ) .","She then appears at Michael 's grave with her son at the reunion of many of the series ' principal characters - Lincoln , Mahone and Sucre .","She lays flowers on Michael 's grave and the series ends with all the characters walking towards the seaside in the sun ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2079378826189908955","input":"what happens to oceanic crust at a mid-ocean ridge","passages":[{"title":"Mid-ocean ridge","text":"The oceanic crust is made up of rocks much younger than the Earth itself . Most oceanic crust in the ocean basins is less than 200 million years old . The crust is in a constant state of `` renewal '' at the ocean ridges . Moving away from the mid-ocean ridge , ocean depth progressively increases ; the greatest depths are in ocean trenches . As the oceanic crust moves away from the ridge axis , the peridotite in the underlying mantle cools and becomes more rigid . The crust and the relatively rigid peridotite below it make up the oceanic lithosphere .","sentences":["The oceanic crust is made up of rocks much younger than the Earth itself .","Most oceanic crust in the ocean basins is less than 200 million years old .","The crust is in a constant state of `` renewal '' at the ocean ridges .","Moving away from the mid-ocean ridge , ocean depth progressively increases ; the greatest depths are in ocean trenches .","As the oceanic crust moves away from the ridge axis , the peridotite in the underlying mantle cools and becomes more rigid .","The crust and the relatively rigid peridotite below it make up the oceanic lithosphere ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2649884276423179750","input":"is the nile the only river that runs north","passages":[{"title":"Nile","text":"Nile The river in Uganda Countries Egypt , Sudan , South Sudan , Ethiopia , Uganda , Congo , Kenya , Tanzania , Rwanda , Burundi , Eritrea Major cities Jinja , Juba , Khartoum , Cairo Physical characteristics Main source White Nile Rwanda 2,700 m ( 8,900 ft ) 02 \u00b0 16 \u2032 56 '' S 29 \u00b0 19 \u2032 53 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 2.28222 \u00b0 S 29.33139 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ - 2.28222 ; 29.33139 2nd source Blue Nile Lake Tana , Ethiopia 12 \u00b0 02 \u2032 09 '' N 037 \u00b0 15 \u2032 53 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 12.03583 \u00b0 N 37.26472 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 12.03583 ; 37.26472 River mouth Mediterranean Sea Egypt Sea level 30 \u00b0 10 \u2032 N 31 \u00b0 09 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 30.167 \u00b0 N 31.150 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 30.167 ; 31.150 Coordinates : 30 \u00b0 10 \u2032 N 31 \u00b0 09 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 30.167 \u00b0 N 31.150 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 30.167 ; 31.150 Length 6,853 km ( 4,258 mi ) Width Maximum width : 2.8 km ( 1.7 mi ) Depth Average depth : 8 -- 11 m ( 26 -- 36 ft ) Discharge Average rate : 2,830 m \/ s ( 100,000 cu ft \/ s ) Basin features Basin size 3,400,000 km ( 1,300,000 sq mi )","sentences":["Nile The river in Uganda Countries Egypt , Sudan , South Sudan , Ethiopia , Uganda , Congo , Kenya , Tanzania , Rwanda , Burundi , Eritrea Major cities Jinja , Juba , Khartoum , Cairo Physical characteristics","Main source White Nile Rwanda 2,700 m ( 8,900 ft ) 02 \u00b0 16 \u2032 56 '' S 29 \u00b0 19 \u2032 53 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 2.28222 \u00b0 S 29.33139","\u00b0","E \ufeff \/ - 2.28222 ; 29.33139 2nd source Blue Nile Lake Tana , Ethiopia 12 \u00b0 02","\u2032 09 ''","N 037 \u00b0 15 \u2032 53 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 12.03583 \u00b0 N 37.26472 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 12.03583 ; 37.26472 River mouth Mediterranean Sea Egypt Sea level 30 \u00b0 10 \u2032 N 31 \u00b0 09","\u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 30.167 \u00b0 N 31.150 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 30.167 ; 31.150 Coordinates : 30 \u00b0 10 \u2032 N 31 \u00b0 09 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 30.167 \u00b0 N 31.150 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 30.167 ; 31.150 Length 6,853 km ( 4,258 mi )","Width Maximum width : 2.8 km ( 1.7 mi ) Depth Average depth : 8 -- 11 m ( 26 -- 36 ft )","Discharge Average rate : 2,830 m \/ s ( 100,000 cu ft \/ s ) Basin features Basin size 3,400,000 km ( 1,300,000 sq mi )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6675575015851463160","input":"when do you get your youtube play button","passages":[{"title":"YouTube Play Button","text":"The Silver Play Button , for channels that surpass 100,000 subscribers . Old version made of nickel plated copper - nickel alloy . The Gold Play Button , for channels that surpass 1,000,000 subscribers . Made of golden plated brass . The Diamond Play Button , for channels that surpass 10,000,000 subscribers . Made of silver plated metal inset with a large piece of crystal in the shape of a play button triangle . In December 2016 , YouTuber PewDiePie received a ruby trophy , known as the Ruby Play Button , as a gift for reaching 50,000,000 subscribers . It was made in the shape of his channel 's logo , a hand in the process of giving a fist bump . It came with several mini-awards to give out to subscribers that was with him the longest and are still active . It is not referenced in the Creators Award page and it is unknown if such a trophy will be given out to any other YouTuber who surpasses the milestone in the future .","sentences":["The Silver Play Button , for channels that surpass 100,000 subscribers .","Old version made of nickel plated copper - nickel alloy .","The Gold Play Button , for channels that surpass 1,000,000 subscribers .","Made of golden plated brass .","The Diamond Play Button , for channels that surpass 10,000,000 subscribers .","Made of silver plated metal inset with a large piece of crystal in the shape of a play button triangle .","In December 2016 , YouTuber PewDiePie received a ruby trophy , known as the Ruby Play Button , as a gift for reaching 50,000,000 subscribers .","It was made in the shape of his channel 's logo , a hand in the process of giving a fist bump .","It came with several mini-awards to give out to subscribers that was with him the longest and are still active .","It is not referenced in the Creators Award page and it is unknown if such a trophy will be given out to any other YouTuber who surpasses the milestone in the future ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4501714872786665634","input":"what happens with the nanny in one tree hill","passages":[{"title":"Torrey DeVitto","text":"DeVitto was born and raised in Huntington on Long Island , New York and Winter Park , Florida . Her parents are Mary ( n\u00e9e Torrey ) and Liberty DeVitto ; her father was a long - time drummer for Billy Joel . They met in 1983 . Her mother had been Stevie Nicks 's best friend since the late 1970s and met DeVitto 's father when he was the drummer on Nicks ' Wild Heart Tour . On the day of her birth , Joel was performing at the Wembley Arena and made a special note before beginning `` The Longest Time '' that DeVitto 's wife was having a baby , causing a standing ovation for DeVitto , who was playing the drums at the concert . She was named Torrey after her mother 's maiden name . She has an older sister Devon , and two younger sisters Maryelle and baby sister whose name has not yet been revealed . Her sister Maryelle was a contestant in the Discovery Kids reality competition show Endurance . As a child , DeVitto spent a lot of time touring with her parents .","sentences":["DeVitto was born and raised in Huntington on Long Island , New York and Winter Park , Florida .","Her parents are Mary ( n\u00e9e Torrey ) and Liberty DeVitto ; her father was a long - time drummer for Billy Joel .","They met in 1983 .","Her mother had been Stevie Nicks 's best friend since the late 1970s and met DeVitto 's father when he was the drummer on Nicks ' Wild Heart Tour .","On the day of her birth , Joel was performing at the Wembley Arena and made a special note before beginning `` The Longest Time '' that DeVitto 's wife was having a baby , causing a standing ovation for DeVitto , who was playing the drums at the concert .","She was named Torrey after her mother 's maiden name .","She has an older sister Devon , and two younger sisters Maryelle and baby sister whose name has not yet been revealed .","Her sister Maryelle was a contestant in the Discovery Kids reality competition show Endurance .","As a child , DeVitto spent a lot of time touring with her parents ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5355348385608457344","input":"where does the cellulose wall form in the mother cell of the onion root tip","passages":[{"title":"Cytokinesis","text":"At the cytokinesis furrow , it is the actin - myosin contractile ring that drives the cleavage process , during which cell membrane and wall grow inward , which eventually pinches the mother cell in two . The key components of this ring are the filamentous protein actin and the motor protein myosin II . The contractile ring assembles equatorially ( in the middle of the cell ) at the cell cortex ( adjacent to the cell membrane ) . Rho protein family ( RhoA protein in mammalian cells ) is a key regulator of contractile ring formation and contraction in animal cells . The RhoA pathway promotes assembly of the actin - myosin ring by two main effectors . First , RhoA stimulates nucleation of unbranched actin filaments by activation of Diaphanous - related formins . This local generation of new actin filaments is important for the contractile ring formation . This actin filament formation process also requires a protein called profilin , which binds to actin monomers and helps load them onto the filament end . Second , RhoA promotes myosin II activation by the kinase ROCK , which activates myosin II directly by phosphorylation of the myosin light chain and also inhibits myosin phosphatase by phosphorylation of the phosphatase - targeting subunit MYPT . Besides actin and myosin II , the contractile ring contains the scaffolding protein anillin . Anillin binds to actin , myosin , RhoA and CYK - 4 , and thereby links the equatorial cortex with the signals from the central spindle . It also contributes to the linkage of the actin - myosin ring to the plasma membrane . Another protein , septin , has also been speculated to serve as a structural scaffold on which the cytokinesis apparatus is organized . Following its assembly , contraction of the actin - myosin ring leads to ingression of the attached plasma membrane , which partitions the cytoplasm into two domains of emerging sister cells . The force for the contractile processes is generated by movements along actin by the motor protein myosin II . Myosin II uses the free energy released when ATP is hydrolysed to move along these actin filaments , constricting the cell membrane to form a cleavage furrow . Continued hydrolysis causes this cleavage furrow to ingress ( move inwards ) , a striking process that is clearly visible through a light microscope .","sentences":["At the cytokinesis furrow , it is the actin - myosin contractile ring that drives the cleavage process , during which cell membrane and wall grow inward , which eventually pinches the mother cell in two .","The key components of this ring are the filamentous protein actin and the motor protein myosin II .","The contractile ring assembles equatorially ( in the middle of the cell ) at the cell cortex ( adjacent to the cell membrane ) .","Rho protein family ( RhoA protein in mammalian cells ) is a key regulator of contractile ring formation and contraction in animal cells .","The RhoA pathway promotes assembly of the actin - myosin ring by two main effectors .","First , RhoA stimulates nucleation of unbranched actin filaments by activation of Diaphanous - related formins .","This local generation of new actin filaments is important for the contractile ring formation .","This actin filament formation process also requires a protein called profilin , which binds to actin monomers and helps load them onto the filament end .","Second , RhoA promotes myosin II activation by the kinase ROCK , which activates myosin II directly by phosphorylation of the myosin light chain and also inhibits myosin phosphatase by phosphorylation of the phosphatase - targeting subunit MYPT .","Besides actin and myosin II , the contractile ring contains the scaffolding protein anillin .","Anillin binds to actin , myosin , RhoA and CYK - 4 , and thereby links the equatorial cortex with the signals from the central spindle .","It also contributes to the linkage of the actin - myosin ring to the plasma membrane .","Another protein , septin , has also been speculated to serve as a structural scaffold on which the cytokinesis apparatus is organized .","Following its assembly , contraction of the actin - myosin ring leads to ingression of the attached plasma membrane , which partitions the cytoplasm into two domains of emerging sister cells .","The force for the contractile processes is generated by movements along actin by the motor protein myosin II .","Myosin II uses the free energy released when ATP is hydrolysed to move along these actin filaments , constricting the cell membrane to form a cleavage furrow .","Continued hydrolysis causes this cleavage furrow to ingress ( move inwards ) , a striking process that is clearly visible through a light microscope ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8850988191825572089","input":"make it 1997 again by science or magic","passages":[{"title":"Magick (Thelema)","text":"Yoga , as Crowley interprets it , involves several key components . The first is Asana , which is the assumption ( after eventual success ) of any easy , steady and comfortable posture so as to maintain a good physique which complements the high level of enlightenment that meditation is accompanied with . Next is Pranayama , which is the control of breath . Yogis believe that the number of breaths a human takes are counted before one is even born and thus , by controlling the intake one may also be able to control the life . Mantram , the use of mantras enables the subject to use the knowledge of the Vedas `` Atharva Veda '' in this context adequately . Yama and Niyama are the adopted moral or behavioral codes ( of the adept 's choosing ) that will be least likely to excite the mind . Pratyahara is the stilling of the thoughts so that the mind becomes quiet . Dharana is the beginning of concentration , usually on a single shape , like a triangle , which eventually leads to Dhyana , the loss of distinction between object and subject , which can be described as the annihilation of the ego ( or sense of a separate self ) . The final stage is Sam\u0101dhi -- Union with the All ; it is considered to be the utmost level of awareness that one could possibly achieve . According to Hindu mythology , one of their main three deities , Shiva , had mastered this and thus was bestowed upon with stupendous power and control .","sentences":["Yoga , as Crowley interprets it , involves several key components .","The first is Asana , which is the assumption ( after eventual success ) of any easy , steady and comfortable posture so as to maintain a good physique which complements the high level of enlightenment that meditation is accompanied with .","Next is Pranayama , which is the control of breath .","Yogis believe that the number of breaths a human takes are counted before one is even born and thus , by controlling the intake one may also be able to control the life .","Mantram , the use of mantras enables the subject to use the knowledge of the Vedas `` Atharva Veda '' in this context adequately .","Yama and Niyama are the adopted moral or behavioral codes ( of the adept 's choosing ) that will be least likely to excite the mind .","Pratyahara is the stilling of the thoughts so that the mind becomes quiet .","Dharana is the beginning of concentration , usually on a single shape , like a triangle , which eventually leads to Dhyana , the loss of distinction between object and subject , which can be described as the annihilation of the ego ( or sense of a separate self ) .","The final stage is Sam\u0101dhi -- Union with the All ; it is considered to be the utmost level of awareness that one could possibly achieve .","According to Hindu mythology , one of their main three deities , Shiva , had mastered this and thus was bestowed upon with stupendous power and control ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1999625125149953212","input":"how do you pronounce miss fisher's first name","passages":[{"title":"Phryne Fisher","text":"Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Television Drama Series ( 2016 ) Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Costume Design in Television ( 2016 ) Australian Film Institute Award Winner for Best Costume Design in Television ( 2014 ) Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Lead Actress in a Television Drama ( Essie Davis , 2013 ) Logie Awards , Gold Logie Award Nomination ( Essie Davis , 2016 ) Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Best Actress ( Essie Davis , 2016 ) Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Most Outstanding Actress ( Essie Davis , 2016 ) Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Most Popular Actress ( Ashleigh Cummings , 2013 ) Sichuan Television Festival , Gold Panda Award Nomination for Best Writing for a Television Series ( 2013 )","sentences":["Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Television Drama Series ( 2016 )","Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Costume Design in Television ( 2016 )","Australian Film Institute Award Winner for Best Costume Design in Television ( 2014 )","Australian Film Institute Award Nomination for Best Lead Actress in a Television Drama ( Essie Davis , 2013 )","Logie Awards , Gold Logie Award Nomination ( Essie Davis , 2016 )","Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Best Actress ( Essie Davis , 2016 )","Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Most Outstanding Actress ( Essie Davis , 2016 )","Logie Awards , Silver Logie Award Nomination for Most Popular Actress ( Ashleigh Cummings , 2013 )","Sichuan Television Festival , Gold Panda Award Nomination for Best Writing for a Television Series ( 2013 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"961181543894889513","input":"is the author of the new trade theory","passages":[{"title":"New trade theory","text":"The theory was initially associated with Paul Krugman in the late 1970s ; Krugman claims that he heard about monopolistic competition from Robert Solow . Looking back in 1996 Krugman wrote that International economics a generation earlier had completely ignored returns to scale . `` The idea that trade might reflect an overlay of increasing - returns specialization on comparative advantage was not there at all : instead , the ruling idea was that increasing returns would simply alter the pattern of comparative advantage . '' In 1976 , however , MIT - trained economist Victor Norman had worked out the central elements of what came to be known as the Helpman -- Krugman theory . He wrote it up and showed it to Avinash Dixit . However , they both agreed the results were not very significant . Indeed , Norman never had the paper typed up , much less published . Norman 's formal stake in the race comes from the final chapters of the famous Dixit -- Norman book .","sentences":["The theory was initially associated with Paul Krugman in the late 1970s ; Krugman claims that he heard about monopolistic competition from Robert Solow .","Looking back in 1996 Krugman wrote that International economics a generation earlier had completely ignored returns to scale .","`` The idea that trade might reflect an overlay of increasing - returns specialization on comparative advantage was not there at all : instead , the ruling idea was that increasing returns would simply alter the pattern of comparative advantage . ''","In 1976 , however , MIT - trained economist Victor Norman had worked out the central elements of what came to be known as the Helpman -- Krugman theory .","He wrote it up and showed it to Avinash Dixit .","However , they both agreed the results were not very significant .","Indeed , Norman never had the paper typed up , much less published .","Norman 's formal stake in the race comes from the final chapters of the famous Dixit -- Norman book ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-936100178702624333","input":"why is the gateway\/router ip address is usually the first usable ip address in the network","passages":[{"title":"Default gateway","text":"A packet addressed outside of this range , for this example , addressed to 192.168. 12.3 , can not travel directly to the destination . Instead it must be sent to the default gateway for further routing to their ultimate destination . In this example , the default gateway uses the IP address 192.168. 4.1 , which is resolved into a MAC address with ARP in the usual way . The destination IP address remains 192.168. 12.3 , but the next - hop physical address is that of the gateway , rather than of the ultimate destination .","sentences":["A packet addressed outside of this range , for this example , addressed to 192.168.","12.3 , can not travel directly to the destination .","Instead it must be sent to the default gateway for further routing to their ultimate destination .","In this example , the default gateway uses the IP address 192.168.","4.1 , which is resolved into a MAC address with ARP in the usual way .","The destination IP address remains 192.168.","12.3 , but the next - hop physical address is that of the gateway , rather than of the ultimate destination ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8861157001527692161","input":"when was the world\u2019s first laptop computer introduced in the market and by whom","passages":[{"title":"History of laptops","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( July 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs attention from an expert in History of Science . Please add a reason or a talk parameter to this template to explain the issue with the article . WikiProject History of Science may be able to help recruit an expert . ( November 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article possibly contains original research .","Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .","Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .","( July 2008 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs attention from an expert in History of Science .","Please add a reason or a talk parameter to this template to explain the issue with the article .","WikiProject History of Science may be able to help recruit an expert .","( November 2008 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5068098534330400763","input":"where is the first in and out located","passages":[{"title":"In-N-Out Burger","text":"This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( August 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) In","sentences":["This section needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( August 2012 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","In"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8727332066140551201","input":"how many years of college for bachelors degree","passages":[{"title":"Bachelor's degree","text":"University admission is extremely competitive , with attendant advantages and disadvantages . Nonetheless , it takes four to five years to complete a bachelor 's degree . In cases of poor performance , the time limit is double the standard amount of time . For example , one may not study for more than 10 years for a five - year course . Students are normally asked to leave if they must take longer . Nigerian universities offer B.Sc. , B. Tech. ( usually from Universities of Technology ) , B. Arch . ( six years ) , and other specialized undergraduate degrees , such as B. Eng . Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester dedicated to SIWES ( Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme ) but it is usually mandatory for all engineering degrees . A semester for project work \/ thesis is required , not excluding course work , during the bachelor thesis in the final year . The classifications of degrees : first - class , second - class ( upper and lower ) , third - class ( with honours ; i.e. , B.Sc . ( Hons ) ) and a pass ( no honours ) . First - and second - class graduates are immediately eligible for advanced postgraduate degrees ( i.e. , M.Sc. and Ph. D . ) , but other classes may be required for an additional postgraduate diploma before such eligibility .","sentences":["University admission is extremely competitive , with attendant advantages and disadvantages .","Nonetheless , it takes four to five years to complete a bachelor 's degree .","In cases of poor performance , the time limit is double the standard amount of time .","For example , one may not study for more than 10 years for a five - year course .","Students are normally asked to leave if they must take longer .","Nigerian universities offer B.Sc. , B. Tech.","( usually from Universities of Technology ) , B. Arch .","( six years ) , and other specialized undergraduate degrees , such as B. Eng .","Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester dedicated to SIWES ( Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme ) but it is usually mandatory for all engineering degrees .","A semester for project work \/ thesis is required , not excluding course work , during the bachelor thesis in the final year .","The classifications of degrees : first - class , second - class ( upper and lower ) , third - class ( with honours ; i.e. , B.Sc .","( Hons ) ) and a pass ( no honours ) .","First - and second - class graduates are immediately eligible for advanced postgraduate degrees ( i.e. , M.Sc. and Ph. D . )",", but other classes may be required for an additional postgraduate diploma before such eligibility ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8738165017395279658","input":"list 5 elements of the english bill of rights","passages":[{"title":"Bill of Rights 1689","text":"by assuming and exercising a power of dispensing with and suspending of laws and the execution of laws without consent of Parliament ; by prosecuting the Seven Bishops ; by establishing of the court of commissioners for ecclesiastical causes ; by levying taxes for the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative as if the same was granted by Parliament ; by raising and keeping a standing army within this kingdom in time of peace without consent of Parliament ; by causing Protestants to be disarmed at the same time when papists were both armed and employed contrary to law ; by violating the freedom of election of members to serve in Parliament ; by prosecutions in the Court of King 's Bench for matters and causes cognizable only in Parliament , and by divers other arbitrary and illegal courses ; by employing unqualified persons on juries in trials , and jurors in trials for high treason which were not freeholders ; by imposing excessive bail on persons committed in criminal cases against the laws made for the liberty of the subjects ; by imposing excessive fines and illegal and cruel punishments ; by making several grants and promises made of fines and forfeitures before any conviction or judgment against the persons upon whom the same were to be levied ; all which are utterly and directly contrary to the known laws and statutes and freedom of this realm .","sentences":["by assuming and exercising a power of dispensing with and suspending of laws and the execution of laws without consent of Parliament ;","by prosecuting the Seven Bishops ;","by establishing of the court of commissioners for ecclesiastical causes ;","by levying taxes for the use of the Crown by pretence of prerogative as if the same was granted by Parliament ; by raising and keeping a standing army within this kingdom in time of peace without consent of Parliament ;","by causing Protestants to be disarmed at the same time when papists were both armed and employed contrary to law ;","by violating the freedom of election of members to serve in Parliament ; by prosecutions in the Court of King 's Bench for matters and causes cognizable only in Parliament , and by divers other arbitrary and illegal courses ; by employing unqualified persons on juries in trials , and jurors in trials for high treason which were not freeholders ;","by imposing excessive bail on persons committed in criminal cases against the laws made for the liberty of the subjects ;","by imposing excessive fines and illegal and cruel punishments ; by making several grants and promises made of fines and forfeitures before any conviction or judgment against the persons upon whom the same were to be levied ; all which are utterly and directly contrary to the known laws and statutes and freedom of this realm ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4051041334633645943","input":"do all ford explorers have 3rd row seating","passages":[{"title":"Ford Explorer","text":"The Mazda Navajo is a rebadged version of the first - generation Ford Explorer Sport that was sold during the 1991 to 1994 model years . It was Mazda 's first sport - utility vehicle in North America and was sold exclusively in the United States ( Mazda 's Canadian division declined to market the vehicle ) . At its launch , the Navajo was sold in a single configuration , a three - door body with four - wheel drive . As with the Explorer , it was assembled at the Louisville Assembly Plant . The Navajo was Motor Trend magazine 's Truck of the Year for 1991 . The Navajo was not offered in Japan .","sentences":["The Mazda Navajo is a rebadged version of the first - generation Ford Explorer Sport that was sold during the 1991 to 1994 model years .","It was Mazda 's first sport - utility vehicle in North America and was sold exclusively in the United States ( Mazda 's Canadian division declined to market the vehicle ) .","At its launch , the Navajo was sold in a single configuration , a three - door body with four - wheel drive .","As with the Explorer , it was assembled at the Louisville Assembly Plant .","The Navajo was Motor Trend magazine 's Truck of the Year for 1991 .","The Navajo was not offered in Japan ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6500754671287417367","input":"what interval about the mean includes 95 of the data in the survey","passages":[{"title":"Confidence interval","text":"Pr \u03b8 , \u03c6 ( u ( X ) < \u03b8 < v ( X ) ) \u2265 \u03b3 for all ( \u03b8 , \u03c6 ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ Pr ) _ ( \\ theta , \\ varphi ) ( u ( X ) < \\ theta < v ( X ) ) \\ geq \\ gamma ( \\ text ( for all ) ) ( \\ theta , \\ varphi ) \\ , )","sentences":["Pr \u03b8 , \u03c6 ( u ( X ) < \u03b8 < v ( X ) )","\u2265","\u03b3 for all ( \u03b8 , \u03c6 ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ Pr )","_","( \\ theta , \\ varphi )","( u ( X ) <","\\ theta < v ( X ) )","\\ geq \\ gamma ( \\ text ( for all ) )","( \\ theta , \\ varphi )","\\ , )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"693964776055549593","input":"who believes that the state exists for the individual and not individual for the state","passages":[{"title":"Individualism","text":"The Russian - American poet Joseph Brodsky once manifested that `` The surest defense against Evil is extreme individualism , originality of thinking , whimsicality , even -- if you will -- eccentricity . That is , something that ca n't be feigned , faked , imitated ; something even a seasoned imposter could n't be happy with . '' Ralph Waldo Emerson famously declared `` , `` Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist '' -- a point of view developed at length in both the life and work of ( Henry David ) Thoreau . Equally memorable and influential on Walt Whitman is Emerson 's idea that `` a foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of small minds , adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines . '' ... Emerson opposes on principle the reliance on social structures ( civil , religious ) precisely because through them the individual approaches the divine second hand , mediated by the once original experience of a genius from another age : `` An institution , '' as he explains , `` is the lengthened shadow of one man . '' To achieve this original relation one must `` Insist on one 's self ; never imitate '' for if the relationship is secondary the connection is lost . ''","sentences":["The Russian - American poet Joseph Brodsky once manifested that `` The surest defense against Evil is extreme individualism , originality of thinking , whimsicality , even -- if you will -- eccentricity .","That is , something that ca n't be feigned , faked , imitated ; something even a seasoned imposter could n't be happy with . ''","Ralph Waldo Emerson famously declared `` , `` Whoso would be a man must be a nonconformist '' -- a point of view developed at length in both the life and work of ( Henry David ) Thoreau .","Equally memorable and influential on Walt Whitman is Emerson 's idea that `` a foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of small minds , adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines . ''","...","Emerson opposes on principle the reliance on social structures ( civil , religious ) precisely because through them the individual approaches the divine second hand , mediated by the once original experience of a genius from another age : `` An institution , '' as he explains , `` is the lengthened shadow of one man . ''","To achieve this original relation one must `` Insist on one 's self ; never imitate '' for if the relationship is secondary the connection is lost . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3544673918706738537","input":"symbol which indicates the relationship between two values","passages":[{"title":"List of mathematical symbols","text":"= : : = \u2261 : \u21d4 \u225c \u225d \u2250 = : ( \\ displaystyle = : ) : = ( \\ displaystyle : = ) \u2261 ( \\ displaystyle \\ equiv ) \\ equiv : \u21d4 ( \\ displaystyle : \\ Leftrightarrow ) : \\ Leftrightarrow \u225c ( \\ displaystyle \\ triangleq ) \\ triangleq = d e f ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ overset ( \\ underset ( \\ mathrm ( def ) ) ( ) ) ( = ) ) ) \\ overset ( \\ underset ( \\ mathrm ( def ) ) ( ) ) ( = ) \u2250 ( \\ displaystyle \\ doteq ) \\ doteq definition is defined as ; is equal by definition to everywhere x : = y , y = : x or x \u2261 y means x is defined to be another name for y , under certain assumptions taken in context . ( Some writers use \u2261 to mean congruence ) . P \u21d4 Q means P is defined to be logically equivalent to Q . cosh \u2061 x : = e x + e \u2212 x 2 ( \\ displaystyle \\ cosh x : = ( \\ frac ( e ^ ( x ) + e ^ ( - x ) ) ( 2 ) ) ) ( a , b ) : = a \u22c5 b \u2212 b \u22c5 a ( \\ displaystyle ( a , b ) : = a \\ cdot b-b \\ cdot a )","sentences":["= : : = \u2261 : \u21d4 \u225c \u225d \u2250","= : ( \\ displaystyle = : ) :","= ( \\ displaystyle : = ) \u2261 ( \\ displaystyle \\ equiv )","\\ equiv : \u21d4 ( \\ displaystyle :","\\ Leftrightarrow ) :","\\ Leftrightarrow \u225c ( \\ displaystyle \\ triangleq )","\\ triangleq = d e f ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ overset ( \\ underset ( \\ mathrm ( def ) ) ( ) )","( = ) ) )","\\ overset ( \\ underset ( \\ mathrm ( def ) ) ( ) )","( = ) \u2250 ( \\ displaystyle \\ doteq )","\\ doteq definition is defined as ; is equal by definition to everywhere x : = y , y = : x or x \u2261 y means x is defined to be another name for y , under certain assumptions taken in context .","( Some writers use \u2261 to mean congruence ) .","P \u21d4 Q means P is defined to be logically equivalent to Q .","cosh \u2061 x : = e x + e","\u2212 x 2 ( \\ displaystyle \\ cosh","x : = ( \\ frac ( e ^ ( x ) + e ^ ( - x ) )","( 2 ) ) )","( a , b ) : = a \u22c5 b \u2212 b \u22c5 a ( \\ displaystyle ( a , b ) : = a \\ cdot b-b \\ cdot a )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4667211157505451849","input":"why did they change ayers rock to uluru","passages":[{"title":"Uluru","text":"While exploring the area in 1872 , Giles sighted Kata Tjuta from a location near Kings Canyon and called it Mount Olga , while the following year Gosse observed Uluru and named it Ayers Rock , in honour of the Chief Secretary of South Australia , Sir Henry Ayers . Further explorations followed with the aim of establishing the possibilities of the area for pastoralism . In the late 19th century , pastoralists attempted to establish themselves in areas adjoining the Southwestern \/ Petermann Reserve and interaction between A\u1e49angu and white people became more frequent and more violent . Due to the effects of grazing and drought , bush food stores became depleted . Competition for these resources created conflict between the two groups , resulting in more frequent police patrols . Later , during the depression in the 1930s , A\u1e49angu became involved in dingo scalping with ' doggers ' who introduced A\u1e49angu to European foods and ways .","sentences":["While exploring the area in 1872 , Giles sighted Kata Tjuta from a location near Kings Canyon and called it Mount Olga , while the following year Gosse observed Uluru and named it Ayers Rock , in honour of the Chief Secretary of South Australia , Sir Henry Ayers .","Further explorations followed with the aim of establishing the possibilities of the area for pastoralism .","In the late 19th century , pastoralists attempted to establish themselves in areas adjoining the Southwestern \/ Petermann Reserve and interaction between A\u1e49angu and white people became more frequent and more violent .","Due to the effects of grazing and drought , bush food stores became depleted .","Competition for these resources created conflict between the two groups , resulting in more frequent police patrols .","Later , during the depression in the 1930s , A\u1e49angu became involved in dingo scalping with ' doggers ' who introduced A\u1e49angu to European foods and ways ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-729855042943582898","input":"what is the function of a hypothesis in the scientific inquiry process","passages":[{"title":"Scientific method","text":"Goldhaber and Nieto published in 2010 the observation that if theoretical structures with `` many closely neighboring subjects are described by connecting theoretical concepts then the theoretical structure ... becomes increasingly hard to overturn '' . When a narrative is constructed its elements become easier to believe . For more on the narrative fallacy , see also Fleck 1979 , p. 27 : `` Words and ideas are originally phonetic and mental equivalences of the experiences coinciding with them ... Such proto - ideas are at first always too broad and insufficiently specialized ... Once a structurally complete and closed system of opinions consisting of many details and relations has been formed , it offers enduring resistance to anything that contradicts it . '' Sometimes , these have their elements assumed a priori , or contain some other logical or methodological flaw in the process that ultimately produced them . Donald M. MacKay has analyzed these elements in terms of limits to the accuracy of measurement and has related them to instrumental elements in a category of measurement .","sentences":["Goldhaber and Nieto published in 2010 the observation that if theoretical structures with `` many closely neighboring subjects are described by connecting theoretical concepts then the theoretical structure ... becomes increasingly hard to overturn '' .","When a narrative is constructed its elements become easier to believe .","For more on the narrative fallacy , see also Fleck 1979 , p. 27 : `` Words and ideas are originally phonetic and mental equivalences of the experiences coinciding with them ...","Such proto - ideas are at first always too broad","and insufficiently specialized ...","Once a structurally complete and closed system of opinions consisting of many details and relations has been formed , it offers enduring resistance to anything that contradicts it . ''","Sometimes , these have their elements assumed a priori , or contain some other logical or methodological flaw in the process that ultimately produced them .","Donald M. MacKay has analyzed these elements in terms of limits to the accuracy of measurement and has related them to instrumental elements in a category of measurement ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4935675925791962152","input":"can i play final fantasy 7 on ps2","passages":[{"title":"Final Fantasy VII","text":"Releases not under the Compilation label include Maiden Who Travels the Planet , which follows Aerith 's journey in the Lifestream after her death , taking place concurrently with the second half of the original game . In 1998 , the Official Final Fantasy VII Strategy Guide was licensed by Square Soft and published by Brady Games . Final Fantasy VII Snowboarding is a mobile port of the snowboard minigame featured in the original game , featuring different courses for the player to tackle . The game is downloadable on V Cast - compatible mobile phones , and was first made available in 2005 in Japan and North America . In September 2009 Jason P. Blahuta , Michel S. Beaulieu Wiley created `` Final Fantasy and Physiology : The Ultimate Walkthrough '' . This eBook is a philosophical guide as to why and how players use certain characters in the Final Fantasy series , explains how gamer 's perception of a character 's weapon and clothing designs can change how they use them . The writers inform the reader that this eBook will give them an in - depth understanding of themselves and the game which will enhance their gaming experience .","sentences":["Releases not under the Compilation label include Maiden Who Travels the Planet , which follows Aerith 's journey in the Lifestream after her death , taking place concurrently with the second half of the original game .","In 1998 , the Official Final Fantasy VII Strategy Guide was licensed by Square Soft and published by Brady Games .","Final Fantasy VII Snowboarding is a mobile port of the snowboard minigame featured in the original game , featuring different courses for the player to tackle .","The game is downloadable on V Cast - compatible mobile phones , and was first made available in 2005 in Japan and North America .","In September 2009 Jason P. Blahuta , Michel S. Beaulieu Wiley created `` Final Fantasy and Physiology :","The Ultimate Walkthrough '' .","This eBook is a philosophical guide as to why and how players use certain characters in the Final Fantasy series , explains how gamer 's perception of a character 's weapon and clothing designs can change how they use them .","The writers inform the reader that this eBook will give them an in - depth understanding of themselves and the game which will enhance their gaming experience ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5122623720791757132","input":"what led to the development of the first semi-permanent settlements","passages":[{"title":"History of Newfoundland and Labrador","text":"In 2003 , the federal government declared a moratorium on the last remaining cod fishery in Atlantic Canada , in the Gulf of St. Lawrence . While Newfoundland was again the most directly affected province by this decision , communities on Quebec 's North Shore and in other parts of Atlantic Canada also faced difficulties . Premier Grimes , facing a pending election that fall , used the Gulf cod decision and perceived federal bias against the province as a catalyst to try to rally citizens around his administration . Grimes called for a review of the Act of Union by which the province had become a part of Canada . On 2 July 2003 , the findings of the Royal Commission on Renewing and Strengthening Our Place in Canada , which Grimes had created in 2002 , were released . It noted the following stressors in the relationship between the province and Canada :","sentences":["In 2003 , the federal government declared a moratorium on the last remaining cod fishery in Atlantic Canada , in the Gulf of St. Lawrence .","While Newfoundland was again the most directly affected province by this decision , communities on Quebec 's North Shore and in other parts of Atlantic Canada also faced difficulties .","Premier Grimes , facing a pending election that fall , used the Gulf cod decision and perceived federal bias against the province as a catalyst to try to rally citizens around his administration .","Grimes called for a review of the Act of Union by which the province had become a part of Canada .","On 2 July 2003 , the findings of the Royal Commission on Renewing and Strengthening Our Place in Canada , which Grimes had created in 2002 , were released .","It noted the following stressors in the relationship between the province and Canada :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1739793769690014409","input":"what did britain and the united states agree to in jay's treaty","passages":[{"title":"Jay Treaty","text":"The Jeffersonians were opposed to Britain , preferring support for France in the wars raging in Europe , and they argued that the treaty with France from 1778 was still in effect . They considered Britain as the center of aristocracy and the chief threat to the United States ' Republican values . They denounced Hamilton and Jay ( and even Washington ) as monarchists who betrayed American values . They organized public protests against Jay and his treaty ; one of their rallying cries said : Damn John Jay ! Damn everyone that wo n't damn John Jay ! Damn every one that wo n't put lights in his window and sit up all night damning John Jay !","sentences":["The Jeffersonians were opposed to Britain , preferring support for France in the wars raging in Europe , and they argued that the treaty with France from 1778 was still in effect .","They considered Britain as the center of aristocracy and the chief threat to the United States ' Republican values .","They denounced Hamilton and Jay ( and even Washington ) as monarchists who betrayed American values .","They organized public protests against Jay and his treaty ; one of their rallying cries said : Damn John Jay !","Damn everyone that wo n't damn John Jay !","Damn every one that wo n't put lights in his window and sit up all night damning John Jay !"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2027789842333735358","input":"where are the members of cali cartel now","passages":[{"title":"Cali Cartel","text":"Political violence was largely discounted by the Cali Cartel , as the threat of violence often sufficed . The organization of the cartel was structured so that only people who had family in Colombia would handle operations that involved both Cali and U.S. sites , keeping the family within reach of the cartel . Family members became the cartel 's insurance against members going to assisting officials or refusing payments of product received . The threat of death also hung over those who made mistakes . It is believed the cartel would often kill junior members who made gross errors . Social","sentences":["Political violence was largely discounted by the Cali Cartel , as the threat of violence often sufficed .","The organization of the cartel was structured so that only people who had family in Colombia would handle operations that involved both Cali and U.S. sites , keeping the family within reach of the cartel .","Family members became the cartel 's insurance against members going to assisting officials or refusing payments of product received .","The threat of death also hung over those who made mistakes .","It is believed the cartel would often kill junior members who made gross errors .","Social"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2754268509029166850","input":"who is going to win the uefa champions league final","passages":[{"title":"2017 UEFA Champions League Final","text":"First half Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored Total shots 8 5 Shots on target Saves 0 Ball possession 45 % 55 % Corner kicks 0 Fouls committed 10 13 Offsides 0 Yellow cards Red cards 0 0 Second half Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored 0 Total shots 13 Shots on target 0 Saves 0 Ball possession 47 % 53 % Corner kicks 0 Fouls committed 13 5 Offsides Yellow cards Red cards 0 Overall Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored Total shots 11 18 Shots on target 5 Saves Ball possession 46 % 54 % Corner kicks Fouls committed 23 18 Offsides Yellow cards 5 Red cards 0","sentences":["First half Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored Total shots 8 5 Shots on target Saves 0","Ball possession 45 % 55 % Corner kicks 0","Fouls committed 10 13 Offsides 0 Yellow cards Red cards 0 0","Second half Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored 0","Total shots 13 Shots on target 0","Saves 0","Ball possession 47 % 53 % Corner kicks 0","Fouls committed 13 5 Offsides Yellow cards Red cards 0","Overall Statistic Juventus Real Madrid Goals scored Total shots 11 18 Shots on target 5 Saves Ball possession 46 % 54 % Corner kicks Fouls committed 23 18 Offsides Yellow cards 5 Red cards 0"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4401462566462442042","input":"who said we may have awoken a sleeping giant","passages":[{"title":"Isoroku Yamamoto's sleeping giant quote","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations . ( May 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( June 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Naval","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations .","Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations .","( May 2008 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( June 2012 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Naval"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-889770478000412086","input":"where did the six million dollar man live","passages":[{"title":"The Six Million Dollar Man","text":"Steve Austin and Jaime Sommers returned in three subsequent made - for - television movies : The Return of the Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1987 ) , Bionic Showdown : The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1989 ) which featured Sandra Bullock in an early role as a new bionic woman ; and Bionic Ever After ? ( 1994 ) in which Austin and Sommers finally marry . Majors reprised the role of Steve Austin in all three productions , which also featured Richard Anderson and Martin E. Brooks , and Lindsay Wagner reprising the role of Jaime Sommers . The reunion films addressed the partial amnesia Sommers had suffered during the original series , and all three featured Majors ' son , Lee Majors II , as OSI agent Jim Castillian . The first two movies were written in the anticipation of creating new bionic characters in their own series , but nothing further was seen of the new characters introduced in those produced . The third TV movie was intended as a finale .","sentences":["Steve Austin and Jaime Sommers returned in three subsequent made - for - television movies : The Return of the Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1987 ) , Bionic Showdown : The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1989 ) which featured Sandra Bullock in an early role as a new bionic woman ; and Bionic Ever After ?","( 1994 ) in which Austin and Sommers finally marry .","Majors reprised the role of Steve Austin in all three productions , which also featured Richard Anderson and Martin E. Brooks , and Lindsay Wagner reprising the role of Jaime Sommers .","The reunion films addressed the partial amnesia Sommers had suffered during the original series , and all three featured Majors ' son , Lee Majors II , as OSI agent Jim Castillian .","The first two movies were written in the anticipation of creating new bionic characters in their own series , but nothing further was seen of the new characters introduced in those produced .","The third TV movie was intended as a finale ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7912401072111165871","input":"who said we don't write songs we write records","passages":[{"title":"Tom Lehrer","text":"The record deal with Reprise Records for the That Was The Year That Was album also gave Reprise distribution rights for his earlier recordings , as Lehrer wanted to wind up his own record imprint . The Reprise issue of Songs by Tom Lehrer was a stereo re-recording . This version was not issued on CD , but the songs were issued on the live Tom Lehrer Revisited CD . The ( live ) recording included bonus tracks `` L-Y '' and `` Silent E '' , two of the ten songs that Lehrer wrote for the PBS children 's educational series The Electric Company . Lehrer later commented that worldwide sales of the recordings under Reprise surpassed 1.8 million units in 1996 . That same year , the album That Was The Year That Was went gold . The album liner notes ( and Lehrer himself in one routine ) promote his songs with self - deprecating humor . ( `` I know it 's very bad form to quote one 's own reviews , but there is something the New York Times said about me ( in 1958 ) , that I have always treasured : ' Mr. Lehrer 's muse ( is ) not fettered by such inhibiting factors as taste . '' )","sentences":["The record deal with Reprise Records for the That Was The Year","That Was album also gave Reprise distribution rights for his earlier recordings , as Lehrer wanted to wind up his own record imprint .","The Reprise issue of Songs by Tom Lehrer was a stereo re-recording .","This version was not issued on CD , but the songs were issued on the live Tom Lehrer Revisited CD .","The ( live ) recording included bonus tracks `` L-Y '' and `` Silent E '' , two of the ten songs that Lehrer wrote for the PBS children 's educational series The Electric Company .","Lehrer later commented that worldwide sales of the recordings under Reprise surpassed 1.8 million units in 1996 .","That same year , the album That Was The Year That Was went gold .","The album liner notes ( and Lehrer himself in one routine ) promote his songs with self - deprecating humor .","( `` I know it 's very bad form to quote one 's own reviews , but there is something the New York Times said about me ( in 1958 ) , that I have always treasured : ' Mr. Lehrer 's muse ( is ) not fettered by such inhibiting factors as taste . '' )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7650021571595837433","input":"what is steady state error in pid controller","passages":[{"title":"PID controller","text":"PID 0.60 K u ( \\ displaystyle 0.60 ( K_ ( u ) ) ) 1.2 K u \/ T u ( \\ displaystyle 1.2 ( K_ ( u ) ) \/ T_ ( u ) ) 3 K u T u \/ 40 ( \\ displaystyle 3 ( K_ ( u ) ) ( T_ ( u ) ) \/ 40 )","sentences":["PID 0.60 K u ( \\ displaystyle 0.60 ( K_ ( u ) ) )","1.2 K u \/ T u ( \\ displaystyle 1.2 ( K_ ( u ) )","\/ T_","( u ) )","3 K u T u \/ 40 ( \\ displaystyle 3 ( K_","( u ) )","( T_ ( u ) ) \/ 40 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6145588410387886031","input":"where does the term nine line come from","passages":[{"title":"The whole nine yards","text":"The Oxford English Dictionary finds the earliest published non-idiomatic use in an 1855 Indiana newspaper article . The earliest known idiomatic use of the phrase is from 1907 in Southern Indiana . The phrase is related to the expression the whole six yards , used around the same time in Kentucky and South Carolina . Both phrases are variations on the whole ball of wax , first recorded in the 1880s . They are part of a family of expressions in which an odd - sounding item , such as enchilada , shooting match , shebang or hog , is substituted for ball of wax . The choice of the number nine may be related to the expression `` To the nines '' ( to perfection ) .","sentences":["The Oxford English Dictionary finds the earliest published non-idiomatic use in an 1855 Indiana newspaper article .","The earliest known idiomatic use of the phrase is from 1907 in Southern Indiana .","The phrase is related to the expression the whole six yards , used around the same time in Kentucky and South Carolina .","Both phrases are variations on the whole ball of wax , first recorded in the 1880s .","They are part of a family of expressions in which an odd - sounding item , such as enchilada , shooting match , shebang or hog , is substituted for ball of wax .","The choice of the number nine may be related to the expression `` To the nines '' ( to perfection ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7986080147947252400","input":"who complained of a missile gap between the united states and the soviet union","passages":[{"title":"Missile gap","text":"`` I would n't want to be quoted on this ... We 've spent $35 or $40 billion on the space program . And if nothing else had come out of it except the knowledge that we gained from space photography , it would be worth ten times what the whole program has cost . Because tonight we know how many missiles the enemy has and , it turned out , our guesses were way off . We were doing things we did n't need to do . We were building things we did n't need to build . We were harboring fears we did n't need to harbor . ''","sentences":["`` I would n't want to be quoted on this ...","We 've spent $35 or $40 billion on the space program .","And if nothing else had come out of it except the knowledge that we gained from space photography , it would be worth ten times what the whole program has cost .","Because tonight we know how many missiles the enemy has and , it turned out , our guesses were way off .","We were doing things we did n't need to do .","We were building things we did n't need to build .","We were harboring fears we did n't need to harbor . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2164293332196962317","input":"who used factor analysis technique for classification of personality","passages":[{"title":"Factor analysis","text":"The data collection stage is usually done by marketing research professionals . Survey questions ask the respondent to rate a product sample or descriptions of product concepts on a range of attributes . Anywhere from five to twenty attributes are chosen . They could include things like : ease of use , weight , accuracy , durability , colourfulness , price , or size . The attributes chosen will vary depending on the product being studied . The same question is asked about all the products in the study . The data for multiple products is coded and input into a statistical program such as R , SPSS , SAS , Stata , STATISTICA , JMP , and SYSTAT .","sentences":["The data collection stage is usually done by marketing research professionals .","Survey questions ask the respondent to rate a product sample or descriptions of product concepts on a range of attributes .","Anywhere from five to twenty attributes are chosen .","They could include things like : ease of use , weight , accuracy , durability , colourfulness , price , or size .","The attributes chosen will vary depending on the product being studied .","The same question is asked about all the products in the study .","The data for multiple products is coded and input into a statistical program such as R , SPSS , SAS , Stata , STATISTICA , JMP , and SYSTAT ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3093765123697369502","input":"what is the main purpose of a drying agent","passages":[{"title":"Desiccant","text":"Sometimes a humidity indicator is included in the desiccant to show , by color changes , the degree of water - saturation of the desiccant . One commonly used indicator is cobalt chloride ( CoCl ) . Anhydrous cobalt chloride is blue . When it bonds with two water molecules , ( CoCl 2H O ) , it turns purple . Further hydration results in the pink hexaaquacobalt ( II ) chloride complex ( Co ( H O ) ) Cl .","sentences":["Sometimes a humidity indicator is included in the desiccant to show , by color changes , the degree of water - saturation of the desiccant .","One commonly used indicator is cobalt chloride ( CoCl ) .","Anhydrous cobalt chloride is blue .","When it bonds with two water molecules , ( CoCl 2H O ) , it turns purple .","Further hydration results in the pink hexaaquacobalt ( II ) chloride complex ( Co ( H O ) )","Cl ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8872446947825563930","input":"where did the amazon river get its name","passages":[{"title":"Amazon River","text":"While debate as to whether the Amazon or the Nile is the world 's longest river has gone on for many years , the historic consensus of geographic authorities has been to regard the Amazon as the second longest river in the world , with the Nile being the longest . However , the Amazon has been measured by different geographers as being anywhere between 6,259 and 6,992 kilometres ( 3,889 and 4,345 mi ) long . It is often said to be `` at least '' 6,400 kilometres ( 4,000 mi ) long . The Nile is reported to be anywhere from 5,499 to 6,690 kilometres ( 3,417 to 4,157 mi ) . Often it is said to be `` about '' 6,650 kilometres ( 4,130 mi ) long . There are many factors that can affect these measurements .","sentences":["While debate as to whether the Amazon or the Nile is the world 's longest river has gone on for many years , the historic consensus of geographic authorities has been to regard the Amazon as the second longest river in the world , with the Nile being the longest .","However , the Amazon has been measured by different geographers as being anywhere between 6,259 and 6,992 kilometres ( 3,889 and 4,345 mi ) long .","It is often said to be `` at least '' 6,400 kilometres ( 4,000 mi ) long .","The Nile is reported to be anywhere from 5,499 to 6,690 kilometres ( 3,417 to 4,157 mi ) .","Often it is said to be `` about '' 6,650 kilometres ( 4,130 mi ) long .","There are many factors that can affect these measurements ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3711824373823553260","input":"explain the procedure to test the probe with help of cro","passages":[{"title":"Test probe","text":"A high frequency oscilloscope presents a matched load ( usually 50 ohms ) at its input , which minimizes reflections at the scope . Probing with a matching 50 - ohm transmission line would offer high frequency performance , but it would unduly load most circuits . An attenuator ( resistive divider ) can be used to minimize loading . At the tip , these probes use a 450 ohm ( for 10 \u00d7 attenuation ) or 950 ohm ( for 20 \u00d7 attenuation ) series resistor . Tektronix sells a 10 \u00d7 divider probe with a 9 GHz bandwidth with a 450 ohm series resistor . These probes are also called resistive divider probes , since a 50 ohm transmission line presents a purely resistive load .","sentences":["A high frequency oscilloscope presents a matched load ( usually 50 ohms ) at its input , which minimizes reflections at the scope .","Probing with a matching 50 - ohm transmission line would offer high frequency performance , but it would unduly load most circuits .","An attenuator ( resistive divider ) can be used to minimize loading .","At the tip , these probes use a 450 ohm ( for 10 \u00d7 attenuation ) or 950 ohm ( for 20 \u00d7 attenuation ) series resistor .","Tektronix sells a 10 \u00d7 divider probe with a 9 GHz bandwidth with a 450 ohm series resistor .","These probes are also called resistive divider probes , since a 50 ohm transmission line presents a purely resistive load ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3294586262920858235","input":"who kills the hound in game of thrones","passages":[{"title":"Sandor Clegane","text":"With the rest of House Stark believed dead and the Riverlands now under the rule of House Frey , Clegane decides to ransom Arya to her aunt Lysa Arryn in the Vale . During their journey , Arya reveals to Clegane that she has not forgiven him for killing Mycah and has vowed to kill him . The duo arrive in the Vale to find that Lysa has ostensibly committed suicide . Returning from the Bloody Gate , they encounter Brienne of Tarth , sworn sword to Arya 's mother Catelyn , who had promised to take the Stark children to safety . When Arya refuses to go with Brienne , she and Clegane engage in a brawl that culminates in her throwing Clegane off a cliff , gravely wounding him . Though he begs Arya to kill him , she instead leaves him to die . Season","sentences":["With the rest of House Stark believed dead and the Riverlands now under the rule of House Frey , Clegane decides to ransom Arya to her aunt Lysa Arryn in the Vale .","During their journey , Arya reveals to Clegane that she has not forgiven him for killing Mycah and has vowed to kill him .","The duo arrive in the Vale to find that Lysa has ostensibly committed suicide .","Returning from the Bloody Gate , they encounter Brienne of Tarth , sworn sword to Arya 's mother Catelyn , who had promised to take the Stark children to safety .","When Arya refuses to go with Brienne , she and Clegane engage in a brawl that culminates in her throwing Clegane off a cliff , gravely wounding him .","Though he begs Arya to kill him , she instead leaves him to die .","Season"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3409248960470996306","input":"what kind of rock is the grand canyon made of","passages":[{"title":"Grand Canyon","text":"This section does not cite any sources . Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( January 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Guano","sentences":["This section does not cite any sources .","Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( January 2016 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Guano"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4245485216128324569","input":"when does negan show up on the walking dead","passages":[{"title":"The Walking Dead (season 6)","text":"Glenn 's fake death in the third episode , `` Thank You '' , was a major source of controversy . The Hollywood Reporter heavily criticized the decision of the writers to create the story line . Daniel Fienberg felt apathetic about the decision and said , `` I 'm not sure I care about ( ... ) the way his death would impact the ensemble . If he 's dead , the loss will be felt most by Maggie , but Maggie just had her sister die a few episodes ago , so there 's no variation anymore to making Lauren Cohan wail , no matter how entirely convincingly she does it . To me , The Walking Dead has lost whatever core of human relationships it ever had , and whether Glenn lives or dies , it just feels mechanical now . '' Tim Goodman expressed shock over the concept of Glenn potentially being alive saying , `` I honestly do n't think showrunner Scott M. Gimple is dumb enough to fake this death somehow , not with how implausible it would be for Glenn to survive it . '' The Hollywood Reporter later declared that the show had `` lost its credibility '' when Glenn was revealed to be alive in the seventh episode , `` Heads Up . '' Scott Gimple responded to the controversy surrounding this . He said , `` We 've had instances of people in a very emotional state -- Tyreese jumping into the middle of a large herd and fighting his way out ; a man cut off his own hand and fights his way through a department store full of walkers . These things are part of the world . Glenn had the bad luck of being knocked off that dumpster by Nicholas , ending his own life but ( Glenn ) had the good luck of Nicholas landing on him . There 's a lot of very specific facts about it that I think a lot of people have sort of gotten wrong . But breaking it down shot for shot ... I think we 're past that point . I do n't think this is any sort of new instance that broke the rules of our show at all . I think it 's very much in line with everything we 've done before . I do n't think there 's a credibility issue . '' Erik Kain for Forbes felt that the decision ruined Glenn 's storyline . He declared season 6 `` a mixed bag '' and was frustrated with the decision to hold off Glenn 's fate for 3 episodes . He said , `` ... the showrunners spent three more episodes essentially refusing to move the plot forward . We got one good backstory , and then two episodes where almost nothing happened to anyone we cared about . We learned that Maggie was pregnant and that 's about all . '' When speaking of the confirmation of Glenn being alive , Kain felt the decision was `` implausible '' from the inconsistency of his fall and camera angle tricks . He also felt the decision to `` ( drag ) it out for weeks '' had `` effectively ( killed ) off all the tension ( ... ) at the end of episode 3 . '' Brian Moylan of The Guardian was also critical , saying : `` Glenn is alive , and The Walking Dead will never be the same ... It would rather kill off a main character than pull a lame switcheroo . Until now . ''","sentences":["Glenn 's fake death in the third episode , `` Thank You '' , was a major source of controversy .","The Hollywood Reporter heavily criticized the decision of the writers to create the story line .","Daniel Fienberg felt apathetic about the decision and said , `` I 'm not sure I care about ( ... )","the way his death would impact the ensemble .","If he 's dead , the loss will be felt most by Maggie , but Maggie just had her sister die a few episodes ago , so there 's no variation anymore to making Lauren Cohan wail , no matter how entirely convincingly she does it .","To me , The Walking Dead has lost whatever core of human relationships it ever had , and whether Glenn lives or dies , it just feels mechanical now . ''","Tim Goodman expressed shock over the concept of Glenn potentially being alive saying , `` I honestly do n't think showrunner Scott M. Gimple is dumb enough to fake this death somehow , not with how implausible it would be for Glenn to survive it . ''","The Hollywood Reporter later declared that the show had `` lost its credibility '' when Glenn was revealed to be alive in the seventh episode , `` Heads Up . ''","Scott Gimple responded to the controversy surrounding this .","He said , `` We 've had instances of people in a very emotional state -- Tyreese jumping into the middle of a large herd and fighting his way out ; a man cut off his own hand and fights his way through a department store full of walkers .","These things are part of the world .","Glenn had the bad luck of being knocked off that dumpster by Nicholas , ending his own life but ( Glenn ) had the good luck of Nicholas landing on him .","There 's a lot of very specific facts about it that I think a lot of people have sort of gotten wrong .","But breaking it down shot for shot ...","I think we 're past that point .","I do n't think this is any sort of new instance that broke the rules of our show at all .","I think it 's very much in line with everything we 've done before .","I do n't think there 's a credibility issue . ''","Erik Kain for Forbes felt that the decision ruined Glenn 's storyline .","He declared season 6 `` a mixed bag '' and was frustrated with the decision to hold off Glenn 's fate for 3 episodes .","He said , `` ... the showrunners spent three more episodes essentially refusing to move the plot forward .","We got one good backstory , and then two episodes where almost nothing happened to anyone we cared about .","We learned that Maggie was pregnant and that 's about all . ''","When speaking of the confirmation of Glenn being alive , Kain felt the decision was `` implausible '' from the inconsistency of his fall and camera angle tricks .","He also felt the decision to `` ( drag ) it out for weeks '' had `` effectively ( killed ) off all the tension ( ... ) at the end of episode 3 . ''","Brian Moylan of The Guardian was also critical , saying : `` Glenn is alive , and The Walking Dead will never be the same ...","It would rather kill off a main character than pull a lame switcheroo .","Until now . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8055135223519683669","input":"are there any limits on freedom of speech","passages":[{"title":"United States free speech exceptions","text":"The most complex special capacity of the government is when it functions , in one way or another , as the Subsidizer of the speech in question . As a general rule , the government can itself say whatever it wants to , even if this `` favors one viewpoint over another '' . But , the government may not impose conditions on how subsidy recipients spend money they get from other sources . If the government is using the speakers to express its own message , it is constitutional . But this analysis changes if the government is trying to encourage a `` diversity of private views indiscriminately '' . If it is indiscriminate , then under Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez ( 2001 ) , the government must be acting in a viewpoint - neutral way . However , if the government is basing some judgment of `` quality '' on the views , then only `` invidious viewpoint discrimination '' is barred .","sentences":["The most complex special capacity of the government is when it functions , in one way or another , as the Subsidizer of the speech in question .","As a general rule , the government can itself say whatever it wants to , even if this `` favors one viewpoint over another '' .","But , the government may not impose conditions on how subsidy recipients spend money they get from other sources .","If the government is using the speakers to express its own message , it is constitutional .","But this analysis changes if the government is trying to encourage a `` diversity of private views indiscriminately '' .","If it is indiscriminate , then under Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez ( 2001 ) , the government must be acting in a viewpoint - neutral way .","However , if the government is basing some judgment of `` quality '' on the views , then only `` invidious viewpoint discrimination '' is barred ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"907846244007610280","input":"what is the button on the rear view mirror","passages":[{"title":"Rear-view mirror","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( March 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( March 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Rear","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( March 2009 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article possibly contains original research .","Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .","Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .","( March 2009 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Rear"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4399263802679031912","input":"who is a on pretty little liars season 6","passages":[{"title":"Pretty Little Liars (season 6)","text":"Determined to give the unexpected scholarship money back , Hanna is willing to risk losing her chance at going to her school of choice . Alison learns more about her brother which , in turn , finds it difficult to connect a murderer to the little boy she has seen in photos and her memories . Meanwhile , Rosewood High is considering not letting the Liars attend their senior prom due to high risk security issues . Charles and Red Coat are seen in a room , watching the gallery display and plotting to sabotage Aria 's work . They succeed , and humiliate Aria by displaying a gruesome picture of Aria , Emily , Spencer , and Hanna in the morgue while they were trapped in the dollhouse . Aria is devastated and finds comfort from Ezra . Meanwhile , Hanna and Spencer visit a man named Rhys Matthews to inquire Hanna 's scholarship money and are stunned to notice how similar Rhys is to Jason , as they believe Rhys to be Charles . The Liars , except Aria , follow Rhys to an abandoned dollhouse where they find him working with Clark . When they inform Aria about what they saw , she is disillusioned . Red Coat is seen eavesdropping on Ashley and Ella . '","sentences":["Determined to give the unexpected scholarship money back , Hanna is willing to risk losing her chance at going to her school of choice .","Alison learns more about her brother which , in turn , finds it difficult to connect a murderer to the little boy she has seen in photos and her memories .","Meanwhile , Rosewood High is considering not letting the Liars attend their senior prom due to high risk security issues .","Charles and Red Coat are seen in a room , watching the gallery display and plotting to sabotage Aria 's work .","They succeed , and humiliate Aria by displaying a gruesome picture of Aria , Emily , Spencer , and Hanna in the morgue while they were trapped in the dollhouse .","Aria is devastated and finds comfort from Ezra .","Meanwhile , Hanna and Spencer visit a man named Rhys Matthews to inquire Hanna 's scholarship money and are stunned to notice how similar Rhys is to Jason , as they believe Rhys to be Charles .","The Liars , except Aria , follow Rhys to an abandoned dollhouse where they find him working with Clark .","When they inform Aria about what they saw , she is disillusioned .","Red Coat is seen eavesdropping on Ashley and Ella . '"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2268458212347357889","input":"when did the first and second world war happen","passages":[{"title":"World War I","text":"September saw the Allies advance to the Hindenburg Line in the north and centre . The Germans continued to fight strong rear - guard actions and launched numerous counterattacks on lost positions , but only a few succeeded , and those only temporarily . Contested towns , villages , heights , and trenches in the screening positions and outposts of the Hindenburg Line continued to fall to the Allies , with the BEF alone taking 30,441 prisoners in the last week of September . On 24 September an assault by both the British and French came within 3 kilometres ( 2 mi ) of St. Quentin . The Germans had now retreated to positions along or behind the Hindenburg Line . An","sentences":["September saw the Allies advance to the Hindenburg Line in the north and centre .","The Germans continued to fight strong rear - guard actions and launched numerous counterattacks on lost positions , but only a few succeeded , and those only temporarily .","Contested towns , villages , heights , and trenches in the screening positions and outposts of the Hindenburg Line continued to fall to the Allies , with the BEF alone taking 30,441 prisoners in the last week of September .","On 24 September an assault by both the British and French came within 3 kilometres ( 2 mi ) of St. Quentin .","The Germans had now retreated to positions along or behind the Hindenburg Line .","An"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5664551720836760375","input":"why is it called apple of my eye","passages":[{"title":"Apple of my eye","text":"Gregory I. Pope ( January 1 , 1999 ) . King Alfred 's West - Saxon Version of Gregory 's Pastoral Care . Elibron.com . p. 68 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 4021 - 9636 - 2 . Retrieved October 17 , 2012 .","sentences":["Gregory I. Pope ( January 1 , 1999 ) .","King Alfred 's West - Saxon Version of Gregory 's Pastoral Care .","Elibron.com .","p. 68 .","ISBN 978 - 1 - 4021 - 9636 - 2 .","Retrieved October 17 , 2012 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6875232741372708381","input":"who has the power to protect american ships on the high seas","passages":[{"title":"Freedom of the seas","text":"According to international law , Article 92 of the convention which describes ships shall sail under the flag of one state only and , save in exceptional cases expressly provided for in international treaties or in this Convention , shall be subject to its exclusive jurisdiction on the high seas ; however , when a ship is involved in certain criminal acts , such as piracy , any nation can exercise jurisdiction under the doctrine of universal jurisdiction . High seas were defined as any part of the sea that was not either territorial sea or internal waters , territorial waters and exclusive economic zones . Article 88 of the 1982 Convention states that the high seas shall be reserved for peaceful purposes . Many countries engage in military maneuvers and the testing of conventional weapons and nuclear weapons on the high seas . In order to deliver the right punishment to the right person or state , ships must be registered to a country to show proof of ownership . The owner of the vessel sometimes prefers to pay the lower registration fees by picking countries such as Panama , Bermuda , Italy , Malta and the Netherlands . According to Cruise Lines International Association , 90 % of commercial vessels calling on U.S. ports fly foreign flags . To avoid the high cost with more rules and regulations , ships and tankers sometime prefer lower cost registration with a lower standard of inspection and regulation by picking a country that exercises less control over their registered ships , though many ships are owned by individuals or companies in another country ( most commonly Japan and Greece ) under a system called `` flag of convenience '' . Registering a ship in Panama means that the ship is governed by the maritime rules of Panama rather than the ship owner 's country . Ship owners do this because Panama has low taxes and fewer labor and safety regulations than most other countries . Ship owners can make their staff work longer hours in less safe environments , and therefore maximize their profits . Other countries , including Liberia , Cyprus and the Bahamas also offer flags of convenience , but Panama has the most ships registered under the scheme . Ships registered with the US will cost more , and the employee wages will be even higher . Freedom of the seas allows a ship to move freely on the ocean as long as it follows international law .","sentences":["According to international law , Article 92 of the convention which describes ships shall sail under the flag of one state only and , save in exceptional cases expressly provided for in international treaties or in this Convention , shall be subject to its exclusive jurisdiction on the high seas ; however , when a ship is involved in certain criminal acts , such as piracy , any nation can exercise jurisdiction under the doctrine of universal jurisdiction .","High seas were defined as any part of the sea that was not either territorial sea or internal waters , territorial waters and exclusive economic zones .","Article 88 of the 1982 Convention states that the high seas shall be reserved for peaceful purposes .","Many countries engage in military maneuvers and the testing of conventional weapons and nuclear weapons on the high seas .","In order to deliver the right punishment to the right person or state , ships must be registered to a country to show proof of ownership .","The owner of the vessel sometimes prefers to pay the lower registration fees by picking countries such as Panama , Bermuda , Italy , Malta and the Netherlands .","According to Cruise Lines International Association , 90 % of commercial vessels calling on U.S. ports fly foreign flags .","To avoid the high cost with more rules and regulations , ships and tankers sometime prefer lower cost registration with a lower standard of inspection and regulation by picking a country that exercises less control over their registered ships , though many ships are owned by individuals or companies in another country ( most commonly Japan and Greece ) under a system called `` flag of convenience '' .","Registering a ship in Panama means that the ship is governed by the maritime rules of Panama rather than the ship owner 's country .","Ship owners do this because Panama has low taxes and fewer labor and safety regulations than most other countries .","Ship owners can make their staff work longer hours in less safe environments , and therefore maximize their profits .","Other countries , including Liberia , Cyprus and the Bahamas also offer flags of convenience , but Panama has the most ships registered under the scheme .","Ships registered with the US will cost more , and the employee wages will be even higher .","Freedom of the seas allows a ship to move freely on the ocean as long as it follows international law ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7586783290744423741","input":"where are cumulus clouds found in the atmosphere","passages":[{"title":"Cumulus cloud","text":"In this phase , water vapor condenses on various nuclei present in the air , forming the cumulus cloud . This creates the characteristic flat - bottomed puffy shape associated with cumulus clouds . The height of the cloud ( from its bottom to its top ) depends on the temperature profile of the atmosphere and the presence of any inversions . During the convection , surrounding air is entrained ( mixed ) with the thermal and the total mass of the ascending air increases . Rain forms in a cumulus cloud via a process involving two non-discrete stages . The first stage occurs after the droplets coalesce onto the various nuclei . Langmuir writes that surface tension in the water droplets provides a slightly higher pressure on the droplet , raising the vapor pressure by a small amount . The increased pressure results in those droplets evaporating and the resulting water vapor condensing on the larger droplets . Due to the extremely small size of the evaporating water droplets , this process becomes largely meaningless after the larger droplets have grown to around 20 to 30 micrometres , and the second stage takes over . In the accretion phase , the raindrop begins to fall , and other droplets collide and combine with it to increase the size of the raindrop . Langmuir was able to develop a formula which predicted that the droplet radius would grow unboundedly within a discrete time period .","sentences":["In this phase , water vapor condenses on various nuclei present in the air , forming the cumulus cloud .","This creates the characteristic flat - bottomed puffy shape associated with cumulus clouds .","The height of the cloud ( from its bottom to its top ) depends on the temperature profile of the atmosphere and the presence of any inversions .","During the convection , surrounding air is entrained ( mixed ) with the thermal and the total mass of the ascending air increases .","Rain forms in a cumulus cloud via a process involving two non-discrete stages .","The first stage occurs after the droplets coalesce onto the various nuclei .","Langmuir writes that surface tension in the water droplets provides a slightly higher pressure on the droplet , raising the vapor pressure by a small amount .","The increased pressure results in those droplets evaporating and the resulting water vapor condensing on the larger droplets .","Due to the extremely small size of the evaporating water droplets , this process becomes largely meaningless after the larger droplets have grown to around 20 to 30 micrometres , and the second stage takes over .","In the accretion phase , the raindrop begins to fall , and other droplets collide and combine with it to increase the size of the raindrop .","Langmuir was able to develop a formula which predicted that the droplet radius would grow unboundedly within a discrete time period ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5799551546351061354","input":"why do you think that california receives 55 electoral votes","passages":[{"title":"Electoral College (United States)","text":"Countervailing analyses which do take into consideration the sizes of the electoral voting blocs , such as the Banzhaf power index ( BPI ) model based on probability theory lead to very different conclusions about voters relative power . In 1968 , John F. Banzhaf III ( who developed the Banzhaf power index ) determined that a voter in the state of New York had , on average , 3.312 times as much voting power in presidential elections as a voter in any other U.S. state . It was found that based on 1990 census and districting , individual voters in California , the largest state , had 3.3 times more individual power to choose a President than voters of Montana , the largest of the minimum 3 elector states . Because Banzhaf 's method ignores the demographic makeup of the states , it has been criticized for treating votes like independent coin - flips . More empirically based models of voting yield results that seem to favor larger states less . Disadvantage","sentences":["Countervailing analyses which do take into consideration the sizes of the electoral voting blocs , such as the Banzhaf power index ( BPI ) model based on probability theory lead to very different conclusions about voters relative power .","In 1968 , John F. Banzhaf III ( who developed the Banzhaf power index ) determined that a voter in the state of New York had , on average , 3.312 times as much voting power in presidential elections as a voter in any other U.S. state .","It was found that based on 1990 census and districting , individual voters in California , the largest state , had 3.3 times more individual power to choose a President than voters of Montana , the largest of the minimum 3 elector states .","Because Banzhaf 's method ignores the demographic makeup of the states , it has been criticized for treating votes like independent coin - flips .","More empirically based models of voting yield results that seem to favor larger states less .","Disadvantage"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4260803155477976719","input":"how long will a nucleus undergo radioactive decay","passages":[{"title":"Radioactive decay","text":"d N j d t = \u2212 \u03bb j N j + \u03bb j \u2212 1 N ( j \u2212 1 ) 0 e \u2212 \u03bb j \u2212 1 t . ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( \\ mathrm ( d ) N_ ( j ) ) ( \\ mathrm ( d ) t ) ) = - \\ lambda _ ( j ) N_ ( j ) + \\ lambda _ ( j - 1 ) N_ ( ( j - 1 ) 0 ) e ^ ( - \\ lambda _ ( j - 1 ) t ) . )","sentences":["d N j d t = \u2212 \u03bb j N j","+ \u03bb","j \u2212 1 N ( j \u2212 1 ) 0","e","\u2212 \u03bb j \u2212 1 t .","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( \\ mathrm ( d ) N_ ( j ) )","( \\ mathrm ( d ) t ) )","= - \\ lambda _","( j ) N_","( j )","+ \\ lambda _","( j - 1 ) N_","( ( j - 1 ) 0 ) e ^ ( - \\ lambda _","( j - 1 ) t ) . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8721932868395118834","input":"what does the little mexican girl say in the taco commercial","passages":[{"title":"Danny Trejo","text":"Trejo is known for his distinctive appearance . In addition to his heavily lined face , scarred from cystic acne and a brawl , and the long mustache he usually sports , he has displayed the large tattoo on his chest for many roles ( the tattoo depicts a woman wearing a sombrero ) . He often plays thugs or lowlife characters , although he has also played sympathetic characters in films such as Robert Rodriguez 's Spy Kids trilogy , Bubble Boy , and the USA Network series Monk , where art imitated life in his portrayal of a convict roommate of Tony Shalhoub 's undercover detective . He also appeared in a season 2 episode of Desperate Housewives , where , as another good - guy character , he was sent by Carlos to help Gabrielle deal with the grief over losing her unborn baby . He voiced the character Enrique on King of the Hill , and Octavio 's character on that show is based on his appearance . His role on King of the Hill was referred to in the HBO series Unscripted , where he had a cameo appearance . He also is featured in the episode `` Comedy '' ( season 5 , episode 1 , aired February 28 , 2010 ) of Tim and Eric Awesome Show , Great Job ! and an episode of Do IT LIVE with actors Anna Bennett and Claudia Pickering , shot in Downtown Los Angeles , titled `` Sebring feat . Danny Trejo '' . He also made guest appearances , as Tortuga ( a.k.a. `` The Tortoise '' ) , in the noted series Breaking Bad in 2009 and 2010 , most notably in the episode `` Negro y Azul '' which originally aired on April 19 , 2009 . Trejo","sentences":["Trejo is known for his distinctive appearance .","In addition to his heavily lined face , scarred from cystic acne and a brawl , and the long mustache he usually sports , he has displayed the large tattoo on his chest for many roles ( the tattoo depicts a woman wearing a sombrero ) .","He often plays thugs or lowlife characters , although he has also played sympathetic characters in films such as Robert Rodriguez 's Spy Kids trilogy , Bubble Boy , and the USA Network series Monk , where art imitated life in his portrayal of a convict roommate of Tony Shalhoub 's undercover detective .","He also appeared in a season 2 episode of Desperate Housewives , where , as another good - guy character , he was sent by Carlos to help Gabrielle deal with the grief over losing her unborn baby .","He voiced the character Enrique on King of the Hill , and Octavio 's character on that show is based on his appearance .","His role on King of the Hill was referred to in the HBO series Unscripted , where he had a cameo appearance .","He also is featured in the episode `` Comedy '' ( season 5 , episode 1 , aired February 28 , 2010 ) of Tim and Eric Awesome Show , Great Job !","and an episode of Do IT LIVE with actors Anna Bennett and Claudia Pickering , shot in Downtown Los Angeles , titled `` Sebring feat .","Danny Trejo '' .","He also made guest appearances , as Tortuga ( a.k.a. `` The Tortoise '' ) , in the noted series Breaking Bad in 2009 and 2010 , most notably in the episode `` Negro y Azul '' which originally aired on April 19 , 2009 .","Trejo"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"979463436679854477","input":"what happens in first episode of black mirror","passages":[{"title":"The National Anthem (Black Mirror)","text":"Special Agent Callett ( Alex Macqueen ) attempts to arrange a method for footage to be faked using an actor with Callow 's head digitally imposed in place of his . The kidnapper discovers this and sends a severed finger , ostensibly Princess Susannah 's , to a UK news station as a response . The story is outed , and public opinion turns sharply against Callow ; a majority now expect him to follow the kidnapper 's demands , though his wife Jane ( Anna Wilson - Jones ) begs him not to go through with it . Callow orders an immediate rescue operation on the building where they believe Susannah is being held . Meanwhile , UKN journalist Malaika has been sending sexually explicit photographs to an associate in return for details about the government 's actions . She learns of the rescue operation and films it on her phone . However , the building is a decoy , and Malaika is shot as she tries to flee the scene .","sentences":["Special Agent Callett ( Alex Macqueen ) attempts to arrange a method for footage to be faked using an actor with Callow 's head digitally imposed in place of his .","The kidnapper discovers this and sends a severed finger , ostensibly Princess Susannah 's , to a UK news station as a response .","The story is outed , and public opinion turns sharply against Callow ; a majority now expect him to follow the kidnapper 's demands , though his wife Jane ( Anna Wilson - Jones ) begs him not to go through with it .","Callow orders an immediate rescue operation on the building where they believe Susannah is being held .","Meanwhile , UKN journalist Malaika has been sending sexually explicit photographs to an associate in return for details about the government 's actions .","She learns of the rescue operation and films it on her phone .","However , the building is a decoy , and Malaika is shot as she tries to flee the scene ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4005462039715021304","input":"who was involved in the american civil war","passages":[{"title":"American Civil War","text":"British investors built small , fast , steam - driven blockade runners that traded arms and luxuries brought in from Britain through Bermuda , Cuba , and the Bahamas in return for high - priced cotton . Many of the ships were designed for speed and were so small that only a small amount of cotton went out . When the Union Navy seized a blockade runner , the ship and cargo were condemned as a Prize of war and sold , with the proceeds given to the Navy sailors ; the captured crewmen were mostly British and they were simply released . The Southern economy nearly collapsed during the war . There were multiple reasons for this : the severe deterioration of food supplies , especially in cities , the failure of Southern railroads , the loss of control of the main rivers , foraging by Northern armies , and the seizure of animals and crops by Confederate armies . Most historians agree that the blockade was a major factor in ruining the Confederate economy ; however , Wise argues that the blockade runners provided just enough of a lifeline to allow Lee to continue fighting for additional months , thanks to fresh supplies of 400,000 rifles , lead , blankets , and boots that the homefront economy could no longer supply . Gunline","sentences":["British investors built small , fast , steam - driven blockade runners that traded arms and luxuries brought in from Britain through Bermuda , Cuba , and the Bahamas in return for high - priced cotton .","Many of the ships were designed for speed and were so small that only a small amount of cotton went out .","When the Union Navy seized a blockade runner , the ship and cargo were condemned as a Prize of war and sold , with the proceeds given to the Navy sailors ; the captured crewmen were mostly British and they were simply released .","The Southern economy nearly collapsed during the war .","There were multiple reasons for this : the severe deterioration of food supplies , especially in cities , the failure of Southern railroads , the loss of control of the main rivers , foraging by Northern armies , and the seizure of animals and crops by Confederate armies .","Most historians agree that the blockade was a major factor in ruining the Confederate economy ; however , Wise argues that the blockade runners provided just enough of a lifeline to allow Lee to continue fighting for additional months , thanks to fresh supplies of 400,000 rifles , lead , blankets , and boots that the homefront economy could no longer supply .","Gunline"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1382034950470780112","input":"how many mother boxes are there in justice league","passages":[{"title":"Mother Box","text":"In Justice League , the villain Steppenwolf is in search of three Mother Boxes . Those are located on Atlantis , Themyscira , and the box seen in Batman v Superman that was used to activate Cyborg . According to legend , the three boxes were used during Steppenwolf 's original invasion of Earth , with his goal being to bring them all together and trigger a mass transformation of the entire planet , but this plan was thwarted when the Atlanteans , Amazons , and humans who successfully drove him away . The mother boxes were separated from each other by the timely intervention of Zeus who uses a lightning bolt to separate them . After the war , the boxes were left on Earth , with each group taking custody of one of the boxes and hiding it . After Steppenwolf claims the Atlantean and Amazon - guarded boxes , Cyborg reveals that the box that was used to activate him was found during the First World War , but remained dormant until shortly after Superman 's death . Analyzing the box , Batman concludes that they can use its energy - generation abilities to restore Superman to life , taking Superman 's body to the Kryptonian ship to use the birthing pool that Lex Luthor used to create Doomsday in the previous film , Cyborg controlling the equipment directly while the Flash generates a lightning bolt to charge the Box to power the process . While the other heroes are distracted by Superman 's resurrection , Steppenwolf claims the third box , but they are able to come together and track him to a remote former nuclear testing ground in Russia after Steppenwolf brings the boxes together , beginning the transformation that destroys the surrounding area . Despite their foe 's efforts , the League are able to stall him long enough so that Cyborg could disrupt the energy flow between the boxes , allowing Superman to separate them by forcing them apart , the loss of power inspiring such terror in Steppenwolf that he is attacked by his own Parademons , before they are all pulled off - planet by a boom tube , and the transformation of the surrounding area reverses in effect , causing a rapid growth of various kinds of flowers . The Boxes are returned to their respective custodies , with Silas Stone researching the third box with his son to explore the extent of its powers .","sentences":["In Justice League , the villain Steppenwolf is in search of three Mother Boxes .","Those are located on Atlantis , Themyscira , and the box seen in Batman v Superman that was used to activate Cyborg .","According to legend , the three boxes were used during Steppenwolf 's original invasion of Earth , with his goal being to bring them all together and trigger a mass transformation of the entire planet , but this plan was thwarted when the Atlanteans , Amazons , and humans who successfully drove him away .","The mother boxes were separated from each other by the timely intervention of Zeus who uses a lightning bolt to separate them .","After the war , the boxes were left on Earth , with each group taking custody of one of the boxes and hiding it .","After Steppenwolf claims the Atlantean and Amazon - guarded boxes , Cyborg reveals that the box that was used to activate him was found during the First World War , but remained dormant until shortly after Superman 's death .","Analyzing the box , Batman concludes that they can use its energy - generation abilities to restore Superman to life , taking Superman 's body to the Kryptonian ship to use the birthing pool that Lex Luthor used to create Doomsday in the previous film , Cyborg controlling the equipment directly while the Flash generates a lightning bolt to charge the Box to power the process .","While the other heroes are distracted by Superman 's resurrection , Steppenwolf claims the third box , but they are able to come together and track him to a remote former nuclear testing ground in Russia after Steppenwolf brings the boxes together , beginning the transformation that destroys the surrounding area .","Despite their foe 's efforts , the League are able to stall him long enough so that Cyborg could disrupt the energy flow between the boxes , allowing Superman to separate them by forcing them apart , the loss of power inspiring such terror in Steppenwolf that he is attacked by his own Parademons , before they are all pulled off - planet by a boom tube , and the transformation of the surrounding area reverses in effect , causing a rapid growth of various kinds of flowers .","The Boxes are returned to their respective custodies , with Silas Stone researching the third box with his son to explore the extent of its powers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6082814108837431637","input":"what is cinderella's real name in the movie","passages":[{"title":"Cinderella","text":"The twelfth - century AD lai of Le Fresne ( `` The Ash - Tree Girl '' ) , retold by Marie de France , is a variant of the `` Cinderella '' story in which a wealthy noblewoman abandons her infant daughter at the base of an ash tree outside a nunnery with a ring and brocade as tokens of her identity , because she is one of twin sisters the mother fears that she will be accused of infidelity ( according to popular belief , twins were evidence of two different fathers ) . The infant is discovered by the porter , who names her Fresne , meaning `` Ash Tree '' , and she is raised by the nuns . After she has attained maturity , a young nobleman sees her and becomes her lover . The nobleman , however , is forced to marry a woman of noble birth . Fresne accepts that she will never marry her beloved , but waits in the wedding chamber as a handmaiden . She covers the bed with her own brocade , but , unbeknownst to her , her beloved 's bride is actually her twin sister , and her mother recognizes the brocade as the same one she had given to the daughter she had abandoned so many years before . Fresne 's true parentage is revealed and , as a result of her noble birth , she is allowed to marry her beloved , while her twin sister is married to a different nobleman .","sentences":["The twelfth - century AD lai of Le Fresne ( `` The Ash - Tree Girl '' ) , retold by Marie de France , is a variant of the `` Cinderella '' story in which a wealthy noblewoman abandons her infant daughter at the base of an ash tree outside a nunnery with a ring and brocade as tokens of her identity , because she is one of twin sisters the mother fears that she will be accused of infidelity ( according to popular belief , twins were evidence of two different fathers ) .","The infant is discovered by the porter , who names her Fresne , meaning `` Ash Tree '' , and she is raised by the nuns .","After she has attained maturity , a young nobleman sees her and becomes her lover .","The nobleman , however , is forced to marry a woman of noble birth .","Fresne accepts that she will never marry her beloved , but waits in the wedding chamber as a handmaiden .","She covers the bed with her own brocade , but , unbeknownst to her , her beloved 's bride is actually her twin sister , and her mother recognizes the brocade as the same one she had given to the daughter she had abandoned so many years before .","Fresne 's true parentage is revealed and , as a result of her noble birth , she is allowed to marry her beloved , while her twin sister is married to a different nobleman ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7734818121555526607","input":"march on tanjore coast to break salt law","passages":[{"title":"Vedaranyam March","text":"The following day , shops all over the province remained closed . Despite repeated arrests and the use of brutal force by the police , people continued to make salt at Vedaranyam . The collector , Thorne , who at first had been confident of his ability to prevent the march , was forced to report to his superiors : `` If there ever existed a fervid sense of devotion to the ( British ) Government , it is now the defunct '' . Despite repeated arrests , people continued to make salt and Thorne ordered the police to lathi charge the crowd . Eventually he ordered a `` wholesale '' arrest , which led to 375 people in the district being arrested for protesting against the British . Rukmini Lakshmipathi , who was imprisoned for one year , became the first woman to serve a jail term for participating in the Salt Satyagraha movement . Kamaraj was arrested for exhorting 300 people to volunteer the march and inciting them to prepare salt . Since he did not refute the charges , he was sentenced to two years of rigorous imprisonment . At first , he was sent to the Trichinopoly before being transferred to the Bellary Central Jail .","sentences":["The following day , shops all over the province remained closed .","Despite repeated arrests and the use of brutal force by the police , people continued to make salt at Vedaranyam .","The collector , Thorne , who at first had been confident of his ability to prevent the march , was forced to report to his superiors : `` If there ever existed a fervid sense of devotion to the ( British ) Government , it is now the defunct '' .","Despite repeated arrests , people continued to make salt and Thorne ordered the police to lathi charge the crowd .","Eventually he ordered a `` wholesale '' arrest , which led to 375 people in the district being arrested for protesting against the British .","Rukmini Lakshmipathi , who was imprisoned for one year , became the first woman to serve a jail term for participating in the Salt Satyagraha movement .","Kamaraj was arrested for exhorting 300 people to volunteer the march and inciting them to prepare salt .","Since he did not refute the charges , he was sentenced to two years of rigorous imprisonment .","At first , he was sent to the Trichinopoly before being transferred to the Bellary Central Jail ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7307955683722038651","input":"where was the beginning of gilligans island filmed","passages":[{"title":"Gilligan's Island","text":"Alan Hale Jr. is The Skipper \/ Captain Jonas Grumby , the captain of the S.S. Minnow . Alan Hale Jr. was a longtime actor in B - Westerns and the look - alike son of Alan Hale Sr. , a legendary movie character actor . Hale so loved his role that , long after the show went off the air , he still appeared in character in his Los Angeles restaurant , Alan Hale 's Lobster Barrel . Although the Skipper was a father figure to Gilligan , Hale was only 14 years older than Denver . Gilligan pushed the Skipper out of the way of a loose depth charge when they were both serving in the United States Navy . Skipper is a World War II veteran , and served in the Seventh Fleet . In one episode , he describes his participation in the Battle of Guadalcanal . In the episode `` They 're Off and Running '' ( season 1 episode 28 ) , Ginger is reading from a horoscope magazine and asks the Skipper his birthday , to which he responds , `` May 5th . '' In moments of exasperation , the Skipper would swat Gilligan on the head with his cap . Just as often , the Skipper endearingly called Gilligan `` Little Buddy '' . While everybody else called him `` Skipper '' , the Howells usually called him `` Captain '' . In addition , Hale wore his Skipper outfit when four other Gilligan 's Island cast members and he appeared on a few celebrity Family Feud shows .","sentences":["Alan Hale Jr. is The Skipper \/ Captain Jonas Grumby , the captain of the S.S. Minnow .","Alan Hale Jr. was a longtime actor in B - Westerns and the look - alike son of Alan Hale Sr. , a legendary movie character actor .","Hale so loved his role that , long after the show went off the air , he still appeared in character in his Los Angeles restaurant , Alan Hale 's Lobster Barrel .","Although the Skipper was a father figure to Gilligan , Hale was only 14 years older than Denver .","Gilligan pushed the Skipper out of the way of a loose depth charge when they were both serving in the United States Navy .","Skipper is a World War II veteran , and served in the Seventh Fleet .","In one episode , he describes his participation in the Battle of Guadalcanal .","In the episode `` They 're Off and Running '' ( season 1 episode 28 ) , Ginger is reading from a horoscope magazine and asks the Skipper his birthday , to which he responds , `` May 5th . ''","In moments of exasperation , the Skipper would swat Gilligan on the head with his cap .","Just as often , the Skipper endearingly called Gilligan `` Little Buddy '' .","While everybody else called him `` Skipper '' , the Howells usually called him `` Captain '' .","In addition , Hale wore his Skipper outfit when four other Gilligan 's Island cast members and he appeared on a few celebrity Family Feud shows ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3314729644732586405","input":"when does season 3 gotham start in uk","passages":[{"title":"List of Gotham episodes","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod . code U.S. viewers ( millions ) Rise of the Villains 23 `` Damned If You Do ... '' Danny Cannon Bruno Heller September 21 , 2015 ( 2015 - 09 - 21 ) 4X6201 4.57 Having resigned , Bullock is working as a bartender while Gordon is demoted to an officer and eventually fired by Commissioner Loeb . Gordon works with Cobblepot , now a crime boss having employed Zsasz and Selina , to force Loeb to reinstate Gordon as a detective , resign and give his position to Essen in exchange for Gordon collecting a debt from a mobster and regretfully killing him to protect himself . Meanwhile , several inmates of Arkham Asylum including Barbara Kean , Aaron Helzinger , Jerome Valeska , Arnold Dobkins , Richard Sionis and Robert Greenwood are broken out by Theo Galavan and his sister \/ enforcer , Tabitha . All but Sionis agree to join forces with Theo ; Sionis is killed for his refusal . Bruce and Alfred discover a secret office at the end of the staircase , with a letter from Thomas , urging Bruce to choose between happiness and the truth . 24 `` Knock , Knock '' Rob Bailey Ken Woodruff September 28 , 2015 ( 2015 - 09 - 28 ) 4X6202 4.65 Theo kidnaps Mayor James while his group of `` Maniax '' , excluding Barbara , begin a killing spree for the sake of publicity . Gordon fails to persuade Bullock to return . Dobkins is arrested before being killed by Tabitha using a sniper rifle . While Barbara lures Gordon out of GCPD , the Maniax attack and kill several police officers ; Nygma is wounded saving Kringle . Helzinger beats up Gordon until he is stopped by Barbara . Jerome kills Greenwood and fatally wounds Essen . Following this , Bullock rejoins the force to stop the Maniax . Meanwhile , Alfred destroys the computer in the secret room , intending to protect Bruce , who gets angry and fires him . Alfred later agrees to return with the condition of training Bruce how to fight . Bruce has Fox begin fixing the computer . 25 `` The Last Laugh '' Eagle Egilsson John Stephens October 5 , 2015 ( 2015 - 10 - 05 ) 4X6203 4.33 Gordon and Bullock start searching for Jerome , but discover Paul Cicero , Jerome 's father , already murdered , Theo tells Barbara , who has a romantic relationship with Tabitha , that his family built Gotham and he is seeking revenge on those who tarnished his family name . He attends a charity event that Alfred , Bruce and Lee also do . Alfred develops feelings toward Lee . Jerome and Barbara impose as magicians and take the guests hostage . Bruce and Selina manage to escape ; but he returns to save Alfred . Gordon fails to persuade the officers for a rescue operation , entering the building alone . The situation turns out to be an elaborate ruse wherein Theo kills Jerome and is perceived to be a hero . Alfred learns about Gordon and Lee . Tabitha learns that Barbara is involved with Theo . Bullock threatens Cobblepot not to ask Gordon for anymore `` favors '' . Several Gotham citizens see Jerome 's actions on television and begin having mental breakdowns . 26 `` Strike Force '' TJ Scott Danny Cannon October 12 , 2015 ( 2015 - 10 - 12 ) 4X6204 4.17 Nathaniel Barnes , a new captain of the GCPD , arrives to clean up department and end corruption . With Gordon 's assistance , they recruit several aspiring police graduates from the Academy in order to form a Strike Force team called Unit Alpha to accomplish the goal . Theo kidnaps Kapelput and blackmails Cobblepot into murdering all of the other candidates so that the former can run for mayor unopposed . When Selina begins looking for Bruce at his prep school , Alfred punches her for Payne and demands her to stay away from Bruce . Shortly afterwards , Bruce meets with Theo to thank him for saving his life during the charity event and meets his niece , Silver St. Cloud , who is also attending the school . Nygma begins dating Kringle . As Cobblepot begins to have Butch quietly search for Kapelput , Gordon confronts him for attacking the candidates . Cobblepot threatens to reveal Gordon 's affiliations to Barnes , who directs Unit Alpha to target Cobblepot . 27 5 `` Scarification '' Bill Eagles Jordan Harper October 19 , 2015 ( 2015 - 10 - 19 ) 4X6205 4.19 Theo has Bunderslaw kidnapped ; and Tabitha removes one of his eyes . Unit Alpha busts one of Cobblepot 's money laundering facilities . Theo asks Gordon to endorse his campaign , which he declines . Tabitha tasks Cobblepot to burn buildings owned by Wayne Enterprises ; and he lures her into believing that he has become paranoid with his henchmen 's loyalties . He hires the Pyke arsonist family , giving them Bunderslaw 's eye , which they use to steal an old knife . Cobblepot learns from an antiquist that 200 years prior , the Waynes destroyed the Dumas , beginning with cutting one 's hand off by the knife . The Dumas ' remnants changed their family name to Galavan . Cobblepot deduces that the Galavans want revenge upon the Waynes and tasks Butch to infiltrate the Galavans using Cobblepot 's paranoia and free Kapelput , cutting off Butch 's hand to support the deceit . Unit Alpha ambushes Bridgit Pyke , who fatally burns an officer . She escapes with Selina . Gordon decides to endorse Theo , who is revealed to be affiliated with a monk named Creel . 28 6 `` By Fire '' TJ Scott Rebecca Perry Cutter October 26 , 2015 ( 2015 - 10 - 26 ) 4X6206 4.32 Barnes scolds Gordon for using extreme interrogation . Bridgit is abducted and further abused by her brothers after attempting to leave Gotham . She kills them and begins killing other criminals . After a visit to Selina 's hideout , Gordon and Bullock find the Pike brothers dead . As Bruce and Silver begin developing feelings , Theo promises him to help clean up the corruption at Wayne Enterprises . Butch discovers Kapelput 's location before being discovered by Theo . The former escapes and tells Cobblepot , who begins rallying a rescue team . Bridgit is incapacitated in a struggle with the GCPD strike force , publicly announced to be dead much to the dismay of Selina , who tells Gordon about Cobblepot 's involvement . Nygma tells Kringle about Dougherty before accidentally killing her when she attempts to escape him . Bridgit is revealed to be alive with her suit had melted onto her , rendering her fireproof . She is taken to Indian Hill , an underground division of Wayne Enterprises where illicit experiments are performed . 29 7 `` Mommy 's Little Monster '' Kenneth Fink Robert Hull November 2 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 02 ) 4X6207 4.27 Butch leads Cobblepot to Gertrud 's location , where Theo and Tabitha are waiting . The former is revealed to have been freed of his brainwash , betraying Cobblepot . Tabitha kills Gertrud before Cobblepot manages to escape , vowing to get revenge . Theo , now elected mayor , convinces the GCPD that Cobblepot assaulted him and has Dent obtain a warrant for Cobblepot 's arrest . Gordon begins suspecting Theo and tracks down Butch , who reveals Theo 's actions . Theo attends his victory celebration at which the GCPD are secretly stationed , ready to capture Cobblepot if he arrives . Cobblepot shows up with his henchmen , but is quickly ambushed by Gordon and narrowly escapes . Gordon promises Theo to expose his corruption . Tabitha murders a Unit Alpha member to escape . Following Kringle 's death , Nygma 's split personality convinces him that he enjoys getting away with murder . Both of Nygma 's personalities then merge . Silver is revealed to be involved in Theo 's plans and assigned to seduce Bruce . She succeeds while causing a friction between him and Selina . 30 8 `` Tonight 's the Night '' Jeffrey Hunt Jim Barnes November 9 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 09 ) 4X6208 4.11 Due to Gordon 's investigation , Theo accelerates his plans , offering Bruce the identity of his parents ' murderer in exchange for buying his voting shares in Wayne Enterprises . Barnes recruits more officers into the Strike Force . In order to keep Gordon distracted from Bruce , Barbara surrenders to GCPD and offers information against Theo . While en route to an unknown location on her instructions , they are ambushed by Theo 's operatives . Gordon wakes up in the church where he and Barbara were planning to marry . She brings an abducted Lee for execution . Bullock deduces the location . While the Strike Force engages Tabitha 's crew and rescues Lee , Gordon briefly fights Barbara , leading to her severe injuries after due to a fall . Following information provided by Barbara , GCPD rescues James . Bruce declines Theo 's proposition just as Gordon arrives and arrests Theo , who destroys the evidence on the Waynes ' killer . While trying to bury Kringle and another victim , Nygma discovers an injured and exhausted Penguin , who asks Nygma for help . 31 9 `` A Bitter Pill to Swallow '' Louis Shaw Milito Megan Mostyn - Brown November 16 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 16 ) 4X6209 4.35 Seeking revenge for Barbara 's injuries , Tabitha hires an assassins agency against Gordon . Bruce tries to get information about his parents ' killer from Silver , but is stopped by Alfred , who demands her to stay away from the former , whom he warns not to pursue the case without Gordon . When Bruce tries to sneak out , he is stopped by Selina , who claims she has evidence for Silver 's malevolence . Gordon and Barnes investigate Theo 's penthouse for evidence . The assassins arrive ; Gordon and Barnes manage to overpower them , but Barnes is severely injured . Barnes tells Gordon about a teenage prisoner he killed while serving as a marine , assuring him that they are not evil since they are enforcing the law . Police backup is eliminated by another assassin named Eduardo Flamingo . After coming close to killing him , Gordon arrests Flamingo , but , before being placed in his cell , Flamingo kills another officer . Meanwhile , Nygma persuades Cobblepot to move on from Gertrud 's death and kill one of Theo 's kidnapped henchmen in celebration . Tabitha visits Theo , who warns her not to interfere with his plans . Creel 's fellow monks arrive in Gotham . 32 10 `` The Son of Gotham '' Rob Bailey John Stephens November 23 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 23 ) 4X6210 4.00 Bruce and Silver are kidnapped by a mercenary named Tom , who manipulates her into seemingly revealing the name of the Waynes ' killer , named M. Malone . Tom is revealed to have been hired by Bruce and Selina to extract the truth from Silver , who later claims that she lied . Bruce later admits feelings to Selina . The monks known as the Order of Saint Dumas begin a killing spree , which Gordon connects to the Galavans . Theo is released after James lies , framing Cobblepot for the kidnapping . Gordon is abducted by Theo , who reveals the history of his family to Gordon , and overpowers him in a duel ; but Gordon is rescued by Cobblepot and Gabe . Alfred grows suspicious of Bruce 's whereabouts and searches Theo 's residence , where he is wounded in a fight with Tabitha , whom he narrowly escapes from . When Lee notices Kringle 's absence , Nygma tells her that Kringle left town with Dougherty . Theo breaks into Wayne Manor and attacks Bruce . 33 11 `` Worse Than a Crime '' Jeffrey Hunt Bruno Heller November 30 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 30 ) 4X6211 4.51 Gordon wakes up in Nygma 's house only to learn from Cobblepot that he is now a fugitive for assaulting Theo . Lucius finishes fixing the computer , but finds no one at the Manor . Gordon and Cobblepot begin making plans to break into Theo 's residence , save Bruce and defeat the Order . Lee tells Gordon that she is pregnant . Theo tasks Silver to seduce Bruce again , warning to expel her if she fails . Bruce learns of Silver 's mission and decides to lure Theo into believing her success . Gordon , Bullock , Alfred , Selina , Cobblepot and his gang all arrive at Theo 's residence just as the Order is about to kill Bruce . As the Order is decimated , Theo , Tabitha , and Silver begin to make their escape . Tabitha and Silver escape but leave Theo behind . Cobblepot convinces Gordon that Theo might never be convicted and the two take Theo to the docks and murder him . Gordon proposes to Lee . Theo 's body is taken Indian Hill where Fish Mooney 's body also is being kept . Theo 's body is assigned to one Professor Strange . Wrath of the Villains 34 12 `` Mr. Freeze '' Nick Copus Ken Woodruff February 29 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 29 ) 4X6212 4.12 Several weeks following Theo 's death , Gordon is called in for questioning and Cobblepot is arrested . Gordon and Cobblepot lie to the police , stating that Cobblepot murdered Galavan due to insanity and Gordon was not involved . The latter is reinstated into the GCPD , while Cobblepot is sent to Arkham , where he becomes a patient of Strange , the Chief of Psychiatry . Butch takes over Cobblepot 's criminal empire and is seduced by Tabitha . Gordon and Bullock begin investigating a kidnapping and murder spree , unaware that a scientist named Victor Fries is the culprit . Victor has been experimenting on freezing and re-animating humans so as to find a cure for his terminally ill wife Nora . When the police target Victor as a suspect , they discover his laboratory while he is away and arrest Nora . After learning of the arrest , Victor attempts to turn himself in before witnessing one of his subjects reanimated and deducing the treatment . Cobblepot learns of the illicit experiments conducted by Strange , who receives news of Victor 's activities and begins making plans to recruit him for Indian Hill , where Bridgit is reported to be resisting the procedures . 35 13 `` A Dead Man Feels No Cold '' Eagle Egilsson Seth Boston March 7 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 07 ) 4X6213 4.54 At Arkham , Strange begins overseeing intensive treatments for Cobblepot 's aggressive tendencies . Upon learning that Nora is being sent to the medical wing at Arkham , Victor builds an armoured suit . Strange learns the truth about Theo 's death . Victor arrives at the asylum and , with Strange facilitating his activities in exchange for one of his cartridges , manages to escape with Nora . Gordon deduces that Victor will return to his home laboratory in order to freeze Nora and the police surround the bulding . In the laboratory , Nora blames herself for the murders . Victor freezes her , only to learn that she switched the cartridges when he was not looking , leading to her death . He attempts suicide by freezing himself . Publicly pronounced dead , he wakes up in Indian Hill to discover that he can no longer survive outside of subzero temperatures . He meets Strange , who offers him an alliance as a fellow scientist and a modified suit for outside world . Gordon and Lee 's relationship faces a friction . Elsewhere , Bruce researches a lead , believing he has discovered the killer to be Patrick `` Matches '' Malone . Bruce falsely promises Alfred to let him kill Malone when found , but asks Selina to find him a gun . 36 14 `` This Ball of Mud and Meanness '' John Behring Jordan Harper March 14 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 14 ) 4X6214 4.01 Bruce receives a gun from Selina and goes on the hunt for Malone with Alfred . To get the information , Alfred is forced to fight in an underground club , landing him in the hospital . After Bruce goes on the hunt himself , Alfred contacts Gordon and Bullock so that they can protect Bruce , who locates Malone , who seemingly confirms he is responsible for the murder of Bruce 's parents , refusing to name the employer . He asks Bruce to kill him , but Bruce holds back at the last moment and leaves the gun behind , leading to Malone committing suicide . Later , in the cave , Alfred reads Bruce 's letter about him moving to the streets with Selina to learn how to fight crime . Meanwhile , Leslie asks Gordon to investigate Kringle 's sudden disappearance . When Nygma is informed , he vows to outsmart Gordon . After running a few more tests on Cobblepot , Strange declares him sane and releases him from Arkham , all the while stating that he still has `` deeper plans '' for him . 37 15 `` Mad Grey Dawn '' Nick Copus Robert Hull March 21 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 21 ) 4X6215 3.89 Cobblepot meets and reconciles with Butch , disapproved by Tabitha . After seeing and disappointing Nygma , Cobblepot visits Gertrud 's grave , meeting his father Elijah Van Dahl , who had an affair with Gertrud when she served his wealthy family , who forcefully separated the pair . Dahl welcomes Cobblepot into his family , with his wife and her children despising Cobblepot . Nygma begins a series of crimes that involve brain teasers . As Gordon begins solving these crimes , Nygma kills Officer Pinkney , deceiving the GCPD that Gordon killed Pinkney to cover up Theo 's murder , to which Pinkney was presumably a witness . An angry Barnes arrests Gordon . After a trial , Gordon is found guilty and sentenced to Blackgate Penitentiary . Bullock vows to prove Gordon 's innocence . Selina begins training Bruce as they steal money from Butch 's nephew , with Bruce taking a massive beating from the nephew in the process . He later tells her that he believed in his stamina . Barbara wakes from her catatonic state in Arkham . 38 16 `` Prisoners '' Scott White Danny Cannon March 28 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 28 ) 4X6216 3.82 Gordon begins adjusting to life in prison . Warden Carlson Grey moves Gordon to the General Population , part of his plan to have Gordon killed . The latter is constantly aided by C.O. Wilson Bishop . Gordon is told by Bullock that Lee has aborted their baby and left town . Later , he is defended from attackers by convict Peter `` Puck '' Davies , who is beaten and sent to the infirmary . In an attempt to save Gordon , Bullock meets with Falcone . Gordon 's death is successfully staged ; and he and Puck escape . Puck dies from his injuries , while Gordon is given a safe house so he can prove his innocence and find Lee . Meanwhile , Oswald reveals his criminal past to Dahl , who forgives him . Dahl learns from his physician that he has little time to live . After several failed attempts to expel Oswald and claim Dahl 's fortune , his wife Grace and her children Sasha and Charles poison a drink for Oswald to ingest . However , Dahl drinks from the bottle and dies , after stating to Oswald his intentions of changing his will in favor of him . 39 17 `` Into the Woods '' Oz Scott Rebecca Perry Cutter April 11 , 2016 ( 2016 - 04 - 11 ) 4X6217 3.71 Gordon continues fleeing the law as he tries to clear his name . When Gordon secretly approaches Nygma for help , he deduces that Nygma framed him and escapes him after being shot . He goes to Selina 's , tasking her to give a false report to the GCPD , luring Nygma into relocating Kringle 's body . Gordon follows Nygma into the woods , where the latter admits that he framed Gordon as the GCPD eavesdrops on the conversation . They arrest Nygma before he can kill Gordon . Nygma is placed in Arkham . Barnes offers Gordon his job back , but Gordon decides to find Malone 's employer first , with Barnes giving him Lee 's phone number and workplace . Strange has Barbara released in spite of her incomplete treatment , intending to watch her activities . She visits Gordon . After Alfred tells him of Lucius having fixed the computer , Bruce decides to stay at the manor and push Selina away for her safety . Following Dahl 's funeral , Cobblepot is bullied by Grace and her children . However , when he discovers evidence that they killed Dahl , his former self returns and he kills the trio . 40 18 `` Pinewood '' John Stephens Robert Hull & Megan Mostyn - Brown April 18 , 2016 ( 2016 - 04 - 18 ) 4X6218 3.72 Bruce , Lucius , and Alfred search through the secret files on Thomas 's computer with the goal of finding a clue to his and Martha 's murder . Claiming to be cured of her condition , Barbara tries to reconcile with Gordon , but to no avail . With her unorthodox assistance , Gordon discovers that the person who contracted Malone to kill the Waynes is known as `` the Philosopher . '' Bruce and Alfred track a lead from Thomas 's computer and find Karen Jennings , a former Blackgate inmate on whom experiments were performed at Pinewood Farms , a Wayne Enterprises facility , by the Philosopher . She offers to identify the Philosopher , but Fries is sent to kill her . Following Jennings ' death , Lucius does further research and discovers that Strange is the Philosopher . After many failed attempts , Strange finally succeeds in resurrecting someone from the dead : Theo . Barbara returns to Tabitha . 41 19 `` Azrael '' Larysa Kondracki Jim Barnes & Ken Woodruff May 2 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 02 ) 4X6219 3.59 Gordon questions Strange about his activities , which later makes Strange send a brainwashed Theo , now under the name Azrael , to take out Gordon . Nygma overhears Strange and Peabody complaining about Gordon 's interference , offering help in defeatin Gordon , but Strange refuses . Bruce is told by Bullock and Gordon that there is not enough evidence to arrest Strange . Azrael gets some memories back after looking at posters from Galavan 's election . Barnes puts Gordon in holding to protect him before the lights flicker and Azrael shows up , killing a few officers and making an unsuccessful attempt on Gordon 's life . Barnes and Gordon flee to the roof , where Barnes fights Azrael with a pipe , breaks his supposedly legendary sword , and rips off his mask , revealing Azrael 's identity to the public . In the end , Barnes is sent to the hospital and Gordon heads home , watched by Azrael from a distance . Nygma uses some inmates under his influence to infiltrate Strange 's secret ward . 42 20 `` Unleashed '' Paul Edwards Danny Cannon May 9 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 09 ) 4X6220 3.67 Together with Bullock and a crew of police officers , Gordon arrives at Arkham with a warrant to inspect Strange 's office . Strange is one step ahead , having shredded all of his documents . Nygma , in the meantime , is disturbed by what he saw at Indian Hill and determines to escape . Bullock becomes the acting captain . Bruce decides to go off with Selina to find a way into Arkham . She accepts in order to rescue Bridgit , but insists she go in on her own . Gordon and Bullock arrive at Butch 's mansion to talk with Tabitha , who states the sword Azrael used was fake and that the real one is located in her grandfather 's tomb , where they arrive and acquire it . Azrael arrives , injuring Tabitha and escaping with the sword . Selina encounters Nygma , who gives her instructions to enter Indian Hill in exchange for the way out . Gordon warns Alfred about Azrael just as Bruce returns to Wayne Manor . Gordon arrives and shoots Azrael multiple times , but he remains undefeated until Cobblepot and Butch arrive and kill Azrael with an RPG . Nygma is captured while Selina is attacked by Bridget , who has no memories of her past and calls herself `` Firefly '' . 43 21 `` A Legion of Horribles '' Rob Bailey Jordan Harper May 16 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 16 ) 4X6221 3.84 Seeing Firefly 's defeat improbable , Selina convinces her to accept her as a `` servant '' . Bruce learns of her capture . As Strange 's unknown female employer pushes him for results , his project continues ; and he successfully resurrects Fish , the first subject to retain full mental function . Bruce believes that there is a secret room in Arkham where Strange is experimenting on the dead and that the only way to be certain is if they head in themselves . Bruce , Gordon , and Fox visit Arkham to execute their plan , but their motives are revealed and all three are captured . Fish learns that she can control the mind of the person she touches . Bruce and Fox are put in a chamber and interrogated by Nygma on Strange 's behalf while Gordon is taken into another room with Strange and introduced to Basil , a patient whose skin stretches more than humanly possible . As Bullock leads a Strike Force team to Arkham , Strange places Gordon in a machine and replicates his visage onto Basil 's face . 44 22 `` Transference '' Eagle Egilsson Bruno Heller May 23 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 23 ) 4X6222 3.62 Disguised as Gordon , Basil pulls the GCPD off of Arkham ; however , Barbara later exposes Basil as an impostor . Strange prepares to detonate a bomb beneath Arkham and tells Peabody to transfer the patients to another facility . Mooney gains control of Peabody , but Strange starts the bomb 's countdown anyway . With Nygma 's help , Gordon and Lucius stop the bomb . Mooney escapes in a bus with the other enhanced inmates , and encounters a shocked Penguin on the street ; she knocks him out , prompting Butch and his gang to flee . Strange is arrested , Gordon leaves to find Lee , entrusting Gotham to Bullock . Bruce tells Alfred of his plans to find the secret council that wants him dead . A homeless woman opens the abandoned bus , unwittingly releasing the inmates upon Gotham ; among them is a boy identical to Bruce .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod .","code U.S. viewers ( millions ) Rise of the Villains 23 `` Damned If You Do ... ''","Danny Cannon Bruno Heller September 21 , 2015 ( 2015 - 09 - 21 ) 4X6201 4.57","Having resigned , Bullock is working as a bartender while Gordon is demoted to an officer and eventually fired by Commissioner Loeb .","Gordon works with Cobblepot , now a crime boss having employed Zsasz and Selina , to force Loeb to reinstate Gordon as a detective , resign and give his position to Essen in exchange for Gordon collecting a debt from a mobster and regretfully killing him to protect himself .","Meanwhile , several inmates of Arkham Asylum including Barbara Kean , Aaron Helzinger , Jerome Valeska , Arnold Dobkins , Richard Sionis and Robert Greenwood are broken out by Theo Galavan and his sister \/ enforcer , Tabitha .","All but Sionis agree to join forces with Theo ; Sionis is killed for his refusal .","Bruce and Alfred discover a secret office at the end of the staircase , with a letter from Thomas , urging Bruce to choose between happiness and the truth .","24 `` Knock , Knock '' Rob Bailey Ken Woodruff September 28 , 2015 ( 2015 - 09 - 28 ) 4X6202 4.65","Theo kidnaps Mayor James while his group of `` Maniax '' , excluding Barbara , begin a killing spree for the sake of publicity .","Gordon fails to persuade Bullock to return .","Dobkins is arrested before being killed by Tabitha using a sniper rifle .","While Barbara lures Gordon out of GCPD , the Maniax attack and kill several police officers ; Nygma is wounded saving Kringle .","Helzinger beats up Gordon until he is stopped by Barbara .","Jerome kills Greenwood and fatally wounds Essen .","Following this , Bullock rejoins the force to stop the Maniax .","Meanwhile , Alfred destroys the computer in the secret room , intending to protect Bruce , who gets angry and fires him .","Alfred later agrees to return with the condition of training Bruce how to fight .","Bruce has Fox begin fixing the computer .","25 `` The Last Laugh '' Eagle Egilsson John Stephens October 5 , 2015 ( 2015 - 10 - 05 ) 4X6203 4.33 Gordon and Bullock start searching for Jerome , but discover Paul Cicero , Jerome 's father , already murdered , Theo tells Barbara , who has a romantic relationship with Tabitha , that his family built Gotham and he is seeking revenge on those who tarnished his family name .","He attends a charity event that Alfred , Bruce and Lee also do .","Alfred develops feelings toward Lee .","Jerome and Barbara impose as magicians and take the guests hostage .","Bruce and Selina manage to escape ; but he returns to save Alfred .","Gordon fails to persuade the officers for a rescue operation , entering the building alone .","The situation turns out to be an elaborate ruse wherein Theo kills Jerome and is perceived to be a hero .","Alfred learns about Gordon and Lee .","Tabitha learns that Barbara is involved with Theo .","Bullock threatens Cobblepot not to ask Gordon for anymore `` favors '' .","Several Gotham citizens see Jerome 's actions on television and begin having mental breakdowns .","26 `` Strike Force '' TJ Scott Danny Cannon October 12 , 2015 ( 2015 - 10 - 12 ) 4X6204 4.17","Nathaniel Barnes , a new captain of the GCPD , arrives to clean up department and end corruption .","With Gordon 's assistance , they recruit several aspiring police graduates from the Academy in order to form a Strike Force team called Unit Alpha to accomplish the goal .","Theo kidnaps Kapelput and blackmails Cobblepot into murdering all of the other candidates so that the former can run for mayor unopposed .","When Selina begins looking for Bruce at his prep school , Alfred punches her for Payne and demands her to stay away from Bruce .","Shortly afterwards , Bruce meets with Theo to thank him for saving his life during the charity event and meets his niece , Silver St. Cloud , who is also attending the school .","Nygma begins dating Kringle .","As Cobblepot begins to have Butch quietly search for Kapelput , Gordon confronts him for attacking the candidates .","Cobblepot threatens to reveal Gordon 's affiliations to Barnes , who directs Unit Alpha to target Cobblepot .","27 5 `` Scarification '' Bill Eagles Jordan Harper October 19 , 2015 ( 2015 - 10 - 19 ) 4X6205 4.19 Theo has Bunderslaw kidnapped ; and Tabitha removes one of his eyes .","Unit Alpha busts one of Cobblepot 's money laundering facilities .","Theo asks Gordon to endorse his campaign , which he declines .","Tabitha tasks Cobblepot to burn buildings owned by Wayne Enterprises ; and he lures her into believing that he has become paranoid with his henchmen 's loyalties .","He hires the Pyke arsonist family , giving them Bunderslaw 's eye , which they use to steal an old knife .","Cobblepot learns from an antiquist that 200 years prior , the Waynes destroyed the Dumas , beginning with cutting one 's hand off by the knife .","The Dumas ' remnants changed their family name to Galavan .","Cobblepot deduces that the Galavans want revenge upon the Waynes and tasks Butch to infiltrate the Galavans using Cobblepot 's paranoia and free Kapelput , cutting off Butch 's hand to support the deceit .","Unit Alpha ambushes Bridgit Pyke , who fatally burns an officer .","She escapes with Selina .","Gordon decides to endorse Theo , who is revealed to be affiliated with a monk named Creel .","28 6 `` By Fire ''","TJ Scott Rebecca Perry Cutter October 26 , 2015 ( 2015 - 10 - 26 ) 4X6206 4.32 Barnes scolds Gordon for using extreme interrogation .","Bridgit is abducted and further abused by her brothers after attempting to leave Gotham .","She kills them and begins killing other criminals .","After a visit to Selina 's hideout , Gordon and Bullock find the Pike brothers dead .","As Bruce and Silver begin developing feelings , Theo promises him to help clean up the corruption at Wayne Enterprises .","Butch discovers Kapelput 's location before being discovered by Theo .","The former escapes and tells Cobblepot , who begins rallying a rescue team .","Bridgit is incapacitated in a struggle with the GCPD strike force , publicly announced to be dead much to the dismay of Selina , who tells Gordon about Cobblepot 's involvement .","Nygma tells Kringle about Dougherty before accidentally killing her when she attempts to escape him .","Bridgit is revealed to be alive with her suit had melted onto her , rendering her fireproof .","She is taken to Indian Hill , an underground division of Wayne Enterprises where illicit experiments are performed .","29 7 `` Mommy 's Little Monster '' Kenneth Fink Robert Hull November 2 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 02 )","4X6207 4.27","Butch leads Cobblepot to Gertrud 's location , where Theo and Tabitha are waiting .","The former is revealed to have been freed of his brainwash , betraying Cobblepot .","Tabitha kills Gertrud before Cobblepot manages to escape , vowing to get revenge .","Theo , now elected mayor , convinces the GCPD that Cobblepot assaulted him and has Dent obtain a warrant for Cobblepot 's arrest .","Gordon begins suspecting Theo and tracks down Butch , who reveals Theo 's actions .","Theo attends his victory celebration at which the GCPD are secretly stationed , ready to capture Cobblepot if he arrives .","Cobblepot shows up with his henchmen , but is quickly ambushed by Gordon and narrowly escapes .","Gordon promises Theo to expose his corruption .","Tabitha murders a Unit Alpha member to escape .","Following Kringle 's death , Nygma 's split personality convinces him that he enjoys getting away with murder .","Both of Nygma 's personalities then merge .","Silver is revealed to be involved in Theo 's plans and assigned to seduce Bruce .","She succeeds while causing a friction between him and Selina .","30 8 `` Tonight 's the Night '' Jeffrey Hunt Jim Barnes November 9 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 09 ) 4X6208 4.11 Due to Gordon 's investigation , Theo accelerates his plans , offering Bruce the identity of his parents ' murderer in exchange for buying his voting shares in Wayne Enterprises .","Barnes recruits more officers into the Strike Force .","In order to keep Gordon distracted from Bruce , Barbara surrenders to GCPD and offers information against Theo .","While en route to an unknown location on her instructions , they are ambushed by Theo 's operatives .","Gordon wakes up in the church where he and Barbara were planning to marry .","She brings an abducted Lee for execution .","Bullock deduces the location .","While the Strike Force engages Tabitha 's crew and rescues Lee , Gordon briefly fights Barbara , leading to her severe injuries after due to a fall .","Following information provided by Barbara , GCPD rescues James .","Bruce declines Theo 's proposition just as Gordon arrives and arrests Theo , who destroys the evidence on the Waynes ' killer .","While trying to bury Kringle and another victim , Nygma discovers an injured and exhausted Penguin , who asks Nygma for help .","31 9 `` A Bitter Pill to Swallow '' Louis Shaw Milito Megan Mostyn - Brown November 16 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 16 ) 4X6209 4.35","Seeking revenge for Barbara 's injuries , Tabitha hires an assassins agency against Gordon .","Bruce tries to get information about his parents ' killer from Silver , but is stopped by Alfred , who demands her to stay away from the former , whom he warns not to pursue the case without Gordon .","When Bruce tries to sneak out , he is stopped by Selina , who claims she has evidence for Silver 's malevolence .","Gordon and Barnes investigate Theo 's penthouse for evidence .","The assassins arrive ; Gordon and Barnes manage to overpower them , but Barnes is severely injured .","Barnes tells Gordon about a teenage prisoner he killed while serving as a marine , assuring him that they are not evil since they are enforcing the law .","Police backup is eliminated by another assassin named Eduardo Flamingo .","After coming close to killing him , Gordon arrests Flamingo , but , before being placed in his cell , Flamingo kills another officer .","Meanwhile , Nygma persuades Cobblepot to move on from Gertrud 's death and kill one of Theo 's kidnapped henchmen in celebration .","Tabitha visits Theo , who warns her not to interfere with his plans .","Creel 's fellow monks arrive in Gotham .","32 10 `` The Son of Gotham '' Rob Bailey John Stephens November 23 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 23 ) 4X6210 4.00 Bruce and Silver are kidnapped by a mercenary named Tom , who manipulates her into seemingly revealing the name of the Waynes ' killer , named M. Malone .","Tom is revealed to have been hired by Bruce and Selina to extract the truth from Silver , who later claims that she lied .","Bruce later admits feelings to Selina .","The monks known as the Order of Saint Dumas begin a killing spree , which Gordon connects to the Galavans .","Theo is released after James lies , framing Cobblepot for the kidnapping .","Gordon is abducted by Theo , who reveals the history of his family to Gordon , and overpowers him in a duel ; but Gordon is rescued by Cobblepot and Gabe .","Alfred grows suspicious of Bruce 's whereabouts and searches Theo 's residence , where he is wounded in a fight with Tabitha , whom he narrowly escapes from .","When Lee notices Kringle 's absence , Nygma tells her that Kringle left town with Dougherty .","Theo breaks into Wayne Manor and attacks Bruce .","33 11 `` Worse Than a Crime '' Jeffrey Hunt Bruno Heller November 30 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 30 ) 4X6211 4.51","Gordon wakes up in Nygma 's house only to learn from Cobblepot that he is now a fugitive for assaulting Theo .","Lucius finishes fixing the computer , but finds no one at the Manor .","Gordon and Cobblepot begin making plans to break into Theo 's residence , save Bruce and defeat the Order .","Lee tells Gordon that she is pregnant .","Theo tasks Silver to seduce Bruce again , warning to expel her if she fails .","Bruce learns of Silver 's mission and decides to lure Theo into believing her success .","Gordon , Bullock , Alfred , Selina , Cobblepot and his gang all arrive at Theo 's residence just as the Order is about to kill Bruce .","As the Order is decimated , Theo , Tabitha , and Silver begin to make their escape .","Tabitha and Silver escape but leave Theo behind .","Cobblepot convinces Gordon that Theo might never be convicted and the two take Theo to the docks and murder him .","Gordon proposes to Lee .","Theo 's body is taken Indian Hill where Fish Mooney 's body also is being kept .","Theo 's body is assigned to one Professor Strange .","Wrath of the Villains 34 12 `` Mr. Freeze '' Nick Copus Ken Woodruff February 29 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 29 ) 4X6212 4.12","Several weeks following Theo 's death , Gordon is called in for questioning and Cobblepot is arrested .","Gordon and Cobblepot lie to the police , stating that Cobblepot murdered Galavan due to insanity and Gordon was not involved .","The latter is reinstated into the GCPD , while Cobblepot is sent to Arkham , where he becomes a patient of Strange , the Chief of Psychiatry .","Butch takes over Cobblepot 's criminal empire and is seduced by Tabitha .","Gordon and Bullock begin investigating a kidnapping and murder spree , unaware that a scientist named Victor Fries is the culprit .","Victor has been experimenting on freezing and re-animating humans so as to find a cure for his terminally ill wife Nora .","When the police target Victor as a suspect , they discover his laboratory while he is away and arrest Nora .","After learning of the arrest , Victor attempts to turn himself in before witnessing one of his subjects reanimated and deducing the treatment .","Cobblepot learns of the illicit experiments conducted by Strange , who receives news of Victor 's activities and begins making plans to recruit him for Indian Hill , where Bridgit is reported to be resisting the procedures .","35 13 `` A Dead Man Feels No Cold '' Eagle Egilsson Seth Boston March 7 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 07 ) 4X6213 4.54 At Arkham , Strange begins overseeing intensive treatments for Cobblepot 's aggressive tendencies .","Upon learning that Nora is being sent to the medical wing at Arkham , Victor builds an armoured suit .","Strange learns the truth about Theo 's death .","Victor arrives at the asylum and , with Strange facilitating his activities in exchange for one of his cartridges , manages to escape with Nora .","Gordon deduces that Victor will return to his home laboratory in order to freeze Nora and the police surround the bulding .","In the laboratory , Nora blames herself for the murders .","Victor freezes her , only to learn that she switched the cartridges when he was not looking , leading to her death .","He attempts suicide by freezing himself .","Publicly pronounced dead , he wakes up in Indian Hill to discover that he can no longer survive outside of subzero temperatures .","He meets Strange , who offers him an alliance as a fellow scientist and a modified suit for outside world .","Gordon and Lee 's relationship faces a friction .","Elsewhere , Bruce researches a lead , believing he has discovered the killer to be Patrick `` Matches '' Malone .","Bruce falsely promises Alfred to let him kill Malone when found , but asks Selina to find him a gun .","36 14 `` This Ball of Mud and Meanness '' John Behring Jordan Harper March 14 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 14 ) 4X6214 4.01","Bruce receives a gun from Selina and goes on the hunt for Malone with Alfred .","To get the information , Alfred is forced to fight in an underground club , landing him in the hospital .","After Bruce goes on the hunt himself , Alfred contacts Gordon and Bullock so that they can protect Bruce , who locates Malone , who seemingly confirms he is responsible for the murder of Bruce 's parents , refusing to name the employer .","He asks Bruce to kill him , but Bruce holds back at the last moment and leaves the gun behind , leading to Malone committing suicide .","Later , in the cave , Alfred reads Bruce 's letter about him moving to the streets with Selina to learn how to fight crime .","Meanwhile , Leslie asks Gordon to investigate Kringle 's sudden disappearance .","When Nygma is informed , he vows to outsmart Gordon .","After running a few more tests on Cobblepot , Strange declares him sane and releases him from Arkham , all the while stating that he still has `` deeper plans '' for him .","37 15 `` Mad Grey Dawn '' Nick Copus Robert Hull March 21 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 21 ) 4X6215 3.89 Cobblepot meets and reconciles with Butch , disapproved by Tabitha .","After seeing and disappointing Nygma , Cobblepot visits Gertrud 's grave , meeting his father Elijah Van Dahl , who had an affair with Gertrud when she served his wealthy family , who forcefully separated the pair .","Dahl welcomes Cobblepot into his family , with his wife and her children despising Cobblepot .","Nygma begins a series of crimes that involve brain teasers .","As Gordon begins solving these crimes , Nygma kills Officer Pinkney , deceiving the GCPD that Gordon killed Pinkney to cover up Theo 's murder , to which Pinkney was presumably a witness .","An angry Barnes arrests Gordon .","After a trial , Gordon is found guilty and sentenced to Blackgate Penitentiary .","Bullock vows to prove Gordon 's innocence .","Selina begins training Bruce as they steal money from Butch 's nephew , with Bruce taking a massive beating from the nephew in the process .","He later tells her that he believed in his stamina .","Barbara wakes from her catatonic state in Arkham .","38 16 `` Prisoners '' Scott White Danny Cannon March 28 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 28 ) 4X6216 3.82 Gordon begins adjusting to life in prison .","Warden Carlson Grey moves Gordon to the General Population , part of his plan to have Gordon killed .","The latter is constantly aided by C.O. Wilson Bishop .","Gordon is told by Bullock that Lee has aborted their baby and left town .","Later , he is defended from attackers by convict Peter `` Puck '' Davies , who is beaten and sent to the infirmary .","In an attempt to save Gordon , Bullock meets with Falcone .","Gordon 's death is successfully staged ; and he and Puck escape .","Puck dies from his injuries , while Gordon is given a safe house so he can prove his innocence and find Lee .","Meanwhile , Oswald reveals his criminal past to Dahl , who forgives him .","Dahl learns from his physician that he has little time to live .","After several failed attempts to expel Oswald and claim Dahl 's fortune , his wife Grace and her children Sasha and Charles poison a drink for Oswald to ingest .","However , Dahl drinks from the bottle and dies , after stating to Oswald his intentions of changing his will in favor of him .","39 17 `` Into the Woods '' Oz Scott Rebecca Perry Cutter April 11 , 2016 ( 2016 - 04 - 11 ) 4X6217","3.71 Gordon continues fleeing the law as he tries to clear his name .","When Gordon secretly approaches Nygma for help , he deduces that Nygma framed him and escapes him after being shot .","He goes to Selina 's , tasking her to give a false report to the GCPD , luring Nygma into relocating Kringle 's body .","Gordon follows Nygma into the woods , where the latter admits that he framed Gordon as the GCPD eavesdrops on the conversation .","They arrest Nygma before he can kill Gordon .","Nygma is placed in Arkham .","Barnes offers Gordon his job back , but Gordon decides to find Malone 's employer first , with Barnes giving him Lee 's phone number and workplace .","Strange has Barbara released in spite of her incomplete treatment , intending to watch her activities .","She visits Gordon .","After Alfred tells him of Lucius having fixed the computer , Bruce decides to stay at the manor and push Selina away for her safety .","Following Dahl 's funeral , Cobblepot is bullied by Grace and her children .","However , when he discovers evidence that they killed Dahl , his former self returns and he kills the trio .","40 18 `` Pinewood '' John Stephens Robert Hull & Megan Mostyn - Brown April 18 , 2016 ( 2016 - 04 - 18 ) 4X6218 3.72 Bruce , Lucius , and Alfred search through the secret files on Thomas 's computer with the goal of finding a clue to his and Martha 's murder .","Claiming to be cured of her condition , Barbara tries to reconcile with Gordon , but to no avail .","With her unorthodox assistance , Gordon discovers that the person who contracted Malone to kill the Waynes is known as `` the Philosopher . ''","Bruce and Alfred track a lead from Thomas 's computer and find Karen Jennings , a former Blackgate inmate on whom experiments were performed at Pinewood Farms , a Wayne Enterprises facility , by the Philosopher .","She offers to identify the Philosopher , but Fries is sent to kill her .","Following Jennings ' death , Lucius does further research and discovers that Strange is the Philosopher .","After many failed attempts , Strange finally succeeds in resurrecting someone from the dead : Theo .","Barbara returns to Tabitha .","41 19 `` Azrael '' Larysa Kondracki Jim Barnes & Ken Woodruff May 2 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 02 ) 4X6219 3.59","Gordon questions Strange about his activities , which later makes Strange send a brainwashed Theo , now under the name Azrael , to take out Gordon .","Nygma overhears Strange and Peabody complaining about Gordon 's interference , offering help in defeatin Gordon , but Strange refuses .","Bruce is told by Bullock and Gordon that there is not enough evidence to arrest Strange .","Azrael gets some memories back after looking at posters from Galavan 's election .","Barnes puts Gordon in holding to protect him before the lights flicker and Azrael shows up , killing a few officers and making an unsuccessful attempt on Gordon 's life .","Barnes and Gordon flee to the roof , where Barnes fights Azrael with a pipe , breaks his supposedly legendary sword , and rips off his mask , revealing Azrael 's identity to the public .","In the end , Barnes is sent to the hospital and Gordon heads home , watched by Azrael from a distance .","Nygma uses some inmates under his influence to infiltrate Strange 's secret ward .","42 20 `` Unleashed '' Paul Edwards Danny Cannon May 9 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 09 ) 4X6220 3.67","Together with Bullock and a crew of police officers , Gordon arrives at Arkham with a warrant to inspect Strange 's office .","Strange is one step ahead , having shredded all of his documents .","Nygma , in the meantime , is disturbed by what he saw at Indian Hill and determines to escape .","Bullock becomes the acting captain .","Bruce decides to go off with Selina to find a way into Arkham .","She accepts in order to rescue Bridgit , but insists she go in on her own .","Gordon and Bullock arrive at Butch 's mansion to talk with Tabitha , who states the sword Azrael used was fake and that the real one is located in her grandfather 's tomb , where they arrive and acquire it .","Azrael arrives , injuring Tabitha and escaping with the sword .","Selina encounters Nygma , who gives her instructions to enter Indian Hill in exchange for the way out .","Gordon warns Alfred about Azrael just as Bruce returns to Wayne Manor .","Gordon arrives and shoots Azrael multiple times , but he remains undefeated until Cobblepot and Butch arrive and kill Azrael with an RPG .","Nygma is captured while Selina is attacked by Bridget , who has no memories of her past and calls herself `` Firefly '' .","43 21 `` A Legion of Horribles '' Rob Bailey Jordan Harper May 16 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 16 ) 4X6221 3.84","Seeing Firefly 's defeat improbable , Selina convinces her to accept her as a `` servant '' .","Bruce learns of her capture .","As Strange 's unknown female employer pushes him for results , his project continues ; and he successfully resurrects Fish , the first subject to retain full mental function .","Bruce believes that there is a secret room in Arkham where Strange is experimenting on the dead and that the only way to be certain is if they head in themselves .","Bruce , Gordon , and Fox visit Arkham to execute their plan , but their motives are revealed and all three are captured .","Fish learns that she can control the mind of the person she touches .","Bruce and Fox are put in a chamber and interrogated by Nygma on Strange 's behalf while Gordon is taken into another room with Strange and introduced to Basil , a patient whose skin stretches more than humanly possible .","As Bullock leads a Strike Force team to Arkham , Strange places Gordon in a machine and replicates his visage onto Basil 's face .","44 22 `` Transference '' Eagle Egilsson Bruno Heller May 23 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 23 ) 4X6222 3.62 Disguised as Gordon , Basil pulls the GCPD off of Arkham ; however , Barbara later exposes Basil as an impostor .","Strange prepares to detonate a bomb beneath Arkham and tells Peabody to transfer the patients to another facility .","Mooney gains control of Peabody , but Strange starts the bomb 's countdown anyway .","With Nygma 's help , Gordon and Lucius stop the bomb .","Mooney escapes in a bus with the other enhanced inmates , and encounters a shocked Penguin on the street ; she knocks him out , prompting Butch and his gang to flee .","Strange is arrested , Gordon leaves to find Lee , entrusting Gotham to Bullock .","Bruce tells Alfred of his plans to find the secret council that wants him dead .","A homeless woman opens the abandoned bus , unwittingly releasing the inmates upon Gotham ; among them is a boy identical to Bruce ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8267169448679974549","input":"what does code abc mean in a hospital","passages":[{"title":"Hospital emergency codes","text":"Code Brain : Possible stroke or CVA patient : Used by many facilities with stroke center certification to indicate for critical care nurses and doctors to respond as well as for CT scan techs and radiologists to be ready to scan and read . Code Heart : Used to indicate a patient who is experiencing an acute cardiac event such as an MI . Code Heart is generally used to assemble a team of critical care nurses and doctors to stabilize the patient as well as mobilizing a cath lab team if necessary . Code Rapid Response : Used in many facilities with a rapid response system in place to call for response by a rapid response team : generally made up of nurses , respiratory therapists , lab techs and sometimes doctors who respond to a patients bedside and intervene to prevent a patient from escalating to Code Blue . Code Rapid Response is generally called when there is a change in the patients mental status or vital signs as well as when a patient begins seizing . In most facilities with a rapid response team in place , the code can be called by anyone such as concerned staff member or family member . Code Sepsis : This code is called whenever there is a patient who is in or is in danger of entering septic shock .","sentences":["Code Brain : Possible stroke or CVA patient : Used by many facilities with stroke center certification to indicate for critical care nurses and doctors to respond as well as for CT scan techs and radiologists to be ready to scan and read .","Code Heart : Used to indicate a patient who is experiencing an acute cardiac event such as an MI .","Code Heart is generally used to assemble a team of critical care nurses and doctors to stabilize the patient as well as mobilizing a cath lab team if necessary .","Code Rapid Response : Used in many facilities with a rapid response system in place to call for response by a rapid response team : generally made up of nurses , respiratory therapists , lab techs and sometimes doctors who respond to a patients bedside and intervene to prevent a patient from escalating to Code Blue .","Code Rapid Response is generally called when there is a change in the patients mental status or vital signs as well as when a patient begins seizing .","In most facilities with a rapid response team in place , the code can be called by anyone such as concerned staff member or family member .","Code Sepsis : This code is called whenever there is a patient who is in or is in danger of entering septic shock ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"302689130262721148","input":"what is the si unit used to measure the temperature of a substance","passages":[{"title":"International System of Units","text":"At the close of the 19th century three different systems of units of measure existed for electrical measurements : a CGS - based system for electrostatic units , also known as the Gaussian or ESU system , a CGS - based system for electromechanical units ( EMU ) and an International system based on units defined by the Metre Convention . for electrical distribution systems . Attempts to resolve the electrical units in terms of length , mass , and time using dimensional analysis was beset with difficulties -- the dimensions depended on whether one used the ESU or EMU systems . This anomaly was resolved in 1901 when Giovanni Giorgi published a paper in which he advocated using a fourth base unit alongside the existing three base units . The fourth unit could be chosen to be electric current , voltage , or electrical resistance . Electric current with named unit ' ampere ' was chosen as the base unit , and the other electrical quantities derived from it according to the laws of physics . This became the foundation of the MKS system of units .","sentences":["At the close of the 19th century three different systems of units of measure existed for electrical measurements : a CGS - based system for electrostatic units , also known as the Gaussian or ESU system , a CGS - based system for electromechanical units ( EMU ) and an International system based on units defined by the Metre Convention .","for electrical distribution systems .","Attempts to resolve the electrical units in terms of length , mass , and time using dimensional analysis was beset with difficulties -- the dimensions depended on whether one used the ESU or EMU systems .","This anomaly was resolved in 1901 when Giovanni Giorgi published a paper in which he advocated using a fourth base unit alongside the existing three base units .","The fourth unit could be chosen to be electric current , voltage , or electrical resistance .","Electric current with named unit ' ampere ' was chosen as the base unit , and the other electrical quantities derived from it according to the laws of physics .","This became the foundation of the MKS system of units ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4705604925158954542","input":"what is the worst rated film on imdb","passages":[{"title":"List of films considered the worst","text":"The comedy film The Master of Disguise was produced in part by Adam Sandler and stars Dana Carvey as Pistachio Disguisey , an undercover Italian waiter who must save his father Fabbrizio ( James Brolin ) from the evil Devlin Bowman ( Brent Spiner ) by using his inherent skills in disguise . Although the film was a box office success , it received scathing reviews from critics upon its release , many of which pointed out its sophomoric plot , unfunny humor ( in particular , its flatulence gags ) and disguises that would clearly not be recognized by children ( such as Tony Montana from Scarface ) . Many critics also pointed out the short running time , consisting of 72 minutes of the film itself and over ten minutes of end credits juxtaposed with outtakes . Roger Ebert gave it one star out of four , claiming , `` The movie is a desperate miscalculation . It gives poor Dana Carvey nothing to do that is really funny , and then expects us to laugh because he acts so goofy all the time . '' Alan Morrisson , writing for the film magazine Empire , proclaimed that The Master of Disguise was `` the worst film ever made : a film about idiots , made by idiots , for idiots '' , while Matthew Turner of ViewLondon remarked , `` This is a serious contender for the title of The Worst Film Ever Made . '' In addition , Chris Parry of eFilmCritic.com stated , `` Quite honestly , I 've never seen anything less competent . And I mean that . '' The film currently holds a 1 % rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 103 reviews , and was featured on the site 's list of the top 100 worst - reviewed films of the 2000s . It also appears on Metacritic 's list of the all - time lowest - scoring films , and is on the MRQE 's 50 Worst Movies list . A cameo appearance by Bo Derek landed her a nomination for Worst Supporting Actress at the 23rd Golden Raspberry Awards , but she lost to Madonna for Die Another Day .","sentences":["The comedy film The Master of Disguise was produced in part by Adam Sandler and stars Dana Carvey as Pistachio Disguisey , an undercover Italian waiter who must save his father Fabbrizio ( James Brolin ) from the evil Devlin Bowman ( Brent Spiner ) by using his inherent skills in disguise .","Although the film was a box office success , it received scathing reviews from critics upon its release , many of which pointed out its sophomoric plot , unfunny humor ( in particular , its flatulence gags ) and disguises that would clearly not be recognized by children ( such as Tony Montana from Scarface ) .","Many critics also pointed out the short running time , consisting of 72 minutes of the film itself and over ten minutes of end credits juxtaposed with outtakes .","Roger Ebert gave it one star out of four , claiming , `` The movie is a desperate miscalculation .","It gives poor Dana Carvey nothing to do that is really funny , and then expects us to laugh because he acts so goofy all the time . ''","Alan Morrisson , writing for the film magazine Empire , proclaimed that The Master of Disguise was `` the worst film ever made : a film about idiots , made by idiots , for idiots '' , while Matthew Turner of ViewLondon remarked , `` This is a serious contender for the title of The Worst Film Ever Made . ''","In addition , Chris Parry of eFilmCritic.com stated , `` Quite honestly , I 've never seen anything less competent .","And I mean that . ''","The film currently holds a 1 % rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 103 reviews , and was featured on the site 's list of the top 100 worst - reviewed films of the 2000s .","It also appears on Metacritic 's list of the all - time lowest - scoring films , and is on the MRQE 's 50 Worst Movies list .","A cameo appearance by Bo Derek landed her a nomination for Worst Supporting Actress at the 23rd Golden Raspberry Awards , but she lost to Madonna for Die Another Day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7733684233815960762","input":"the end of the f *** ing world season 2","passages":[{"title":"The End of the F***ing World","text":"James is a 17 - year - old who believes he is a psychopath , having once intentionally burned his hand in deep fryer in order to feel something , and has been killing animals since he was 8 years old . At school , he encounters Alyssa , a rebellious new schoolmate and decides that he will kill her next . He gets closer to her by feigning romantic interest and the two start dating . When Alyssa asks James to perform cunnilingus on her the next day , he begins preparing his knife and working out how he will kill her . However she arrives late as she was stuck at a party at her house where her stepfather tells her how it will be better if she just left . After this incident , she reaches James 's home later than planned , and blurts out her desire to leave town with or without him and asks if he is in , wanting him to say yes . Resolving that he could kill her later , he accepts and steals his father Phil 's car and punches him in the face , something he has always wanted to do .","sentences":["James is a 17 - year - old who believes he is a psychopath , having once intentionally burned his hand in deep fryer in order to feel something , and has been killing animals since he was 8 years old .","At school , he encounters Alyssa , a rebellious new schoolmate and decides that he will kill her next .","He gets closer to her by feigning romantic interest and the two start dating .","When Alyssa asks James to perform cunnilingus on her the next day , he begins preparing his knife and working out how he will kill her .","However she arrives late as she was stuck at a party at her house where her stepfather tells her how it will be better if she just left .","After this incident , she reaches James 's home later than planned , and blurts out her desire to leave town with or without him and asks if he is in , wanting him to say yes .","Resolving that he could kill her later , he accepts and steals his father Phil 's car and punches him in the face , something he has always wanted to do ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3800831956435201323","input":"when do lex and lana get together in smallville","passages":[{"title":"Lana Lang (Smallville)","text":"At the start of the show , Lana Lang is characterized as the girl next door . As Kreuk describes her , she is the `` beautiful , popular girl who is really lonely '' . She has a `` hole in her heart '' , because of the loss of her parents , and feels empathy for everyone . Kristin feels that deep down the character is a `` tough girl '' , and that Lex manages to bring that side of her out more . For instance , he convinces her to fight back against a rival coffee shop that is spreading rumors about The Talon -- the coffee shop that she joint owns with Lex . Unfortunately , that tough side is not seen in the first season . According to Kreuk , the character was never placed in situations where she could show her outgoing side , because she was left to communicate primarily with Whitney and Clark . Kreuk thinks that Lana `` lived in her head a little bit '' ; she was intelligent enough to read classical books , but would also read romantic novels `` on the sly '' . A","sentences":["At the start of the show , Lana Lang is characterized as the girl next door .","As Kreuk describes her , she is the `` beautiful , popular girl who is really lonely '' .","She has a `` hole in her heart '' , because of the loss of her parents , and feels empathy for everyone .","Kristin feels that deep down the character is a `` tough girl '' , and that Lex manages to bring that side of her out more .","For instance , he convinces her to fight back against a rival coffee shop that is spreading rumors about The Talon -- the coffee shop that she joint owns with Lex .","Unfortunately , that tough side is not seen in the first season .","According to Kreuk , the character was never placed in situations where she could show her outgoing side , because she was left to communicate primarily with Whitney and Clark .","Kreuk thinks that Lana `` lived in her head a little bit '' ; she was intelligent enough to read classical books , but would also read romantic novels `` on the sly '' .","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5804435510679526282","input":"what is a justification for a grand jury","passages":[{"title":"Grand jury","text":"Grand juries were once common across Canada . The institution of British civil government in 1749 at Nova Scotia brought the judicature system peculiar to that form , and the grand jury was inherent to it . A similar form derived in Quebec from the promise of the Royal Proclamation of 1763 that a faithful copy of Laws of England would be instituted in the North American possessions of the Crown . Archival records are found that document the presentments of a grand jury in Quebec as early as 16 October 1764 . One of the chief complaints was related to the jury trial , and the use of language . The desire for English law was a driver for the division in 1791 of Quebec , as it was then known , at the Ottawa river into Upper Canada and Lower Canada , as each of the two groups ( French and English ) desired to maintain their traditions . In point of fact , the second law passed in Upper Canada relates to ( petit ) jury trial . This was continued so that Chapter 31 of the 1859 Consolidated Statutes of Upper Canada specifies the constitution of Grand and Petit Juries in the province ( now known as Ontario ) . The colony at St. John 's Island , ceded by France in 1763 , and separated on 30 May 1769 from Nova Scotia , became Prince Edward Island on 29 November 1798 . Prince Edward Island derived its grand jury from its administrative parent between 1763 and 1769 , Nova Scotia , as did Sunbury County when it was split off in 1784 to become the Colony of New Brunswick . The Colony of British Columbia , when it was formed on 2 August 1858 , instituted a grand jury , along with the Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands ( 1853 -- 1863 ) and the Colony of Vancouver Island ( 1848 -- 1866 ) when the latter were absorbed by the former .","sentences":["Grand juries were once common across Canada .","The institution of British civil government in 1749 at Nova Scotia brought the judicature system peculiar to that form , and the grand jury was inherent to it .","A similar form derived in Quebec from the promise of the Royal Proclamation of 1763 that a faithful copy of Laws of England would be instituted in the North American possessions of the Crown .","Archival records are found that document the presentments of a grand jury in Quebec as early as 16 October 1764 .","One of the chief complaints was related to the jury trial , and the use of language .","The desire for English law was a driver for the division in 1791 of Quebec , as it was then known , at the Ottawa river into Upper Canada and Lower Canada , as each of the two groups ( French and English ) desired to maintain their traditions .","In point of fact , the second law passed in Upper Canada relates to ( petit ) jury trial .","This was continued so that Chapter 31 of the 1859 Consolidated Statutes of Upper Canada specifies the constitution of Grand and Petit Juries in the province ( now known as Ontario ) .","The colony at St. John 's Island , ceded by France in 1763 , and separated on 30 May 1769 from Nova Scotia , became Prince Edward Island on 29 November 1798 .","Prince Edward Island derived its grand jury from its administrative parent between 1763 and 1769 , Nova Scotia , as did Sunbury County when it was split off in 1784 to become the Colony of New Brunswick .","The Colony of British Columbia , when it was formed on 2 August 1858 , instituted a grand jury , along with the Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands ( 1853 -- 1863 ) and the Colony of Vancouver Island ( 1848 -- 1866 ) when the latter were absorbed by the former ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3055788524152511834","input":"how does beryllium react with water and hcl","passages":[{"title":"Beryllium hydroxide","text":"Beryllium hydroxide , Be ( OH ) , is an amphoteric hydroxide , dissolving in both acids and alkalis . Industrially , it is produced as a by - product in the extraction of beryllium metal from the ores beryl and bertrandite . The natural pure beryllium hydroxide is rare ( in form of the mineral behoite , orthorhombic ) or very rare ( clinobehoite , monoclinic ) . When alkali is added to beryllium salt solutions the \u03b1 - form ( a gel ) is formed . If this left to stand or boiled , the rhombic \u03b2 - form precipitates . This has the same structure as zinc hydroxide , Zn ( OH ) , with tetrahedral beryllium centers .","sentences":["Beryllium hydroxide , Be ( OH ) , is an amphoteric hydroxide , dissolving in both acids and alkalis .","Industrially , it is produced as a by - product in the extraction of beryllium metal from the ores beryl and bertrandite .","The natural pure beryllium hydroxide is rare ( in form of the mineral behoite , orthorhombic ) or very rare ( clinobehoite , monoclinic ) .","When alkali is added to beryllium salt solutions the \u03b1 - form ( a gel ) is formed .","If this left to stand or boiled , the rhombic \u03b2 - form precipitates .","This has the same structure as zinc hydroxide ,","Zn ( OH ) , with tetrahedral beryllium centers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8806427193850415747","input":"who sings the song born by the river","passages":[{"title":"A Change Is Gonna Come","text":"On October 8 , 1963 , en route to Shreveport , Louisiana , Cooke called ahead to the Holiday Inn North to make reservations for his wife , Barbara , and himself , but when he and his group arrived , the desk clerk glanced nervously and explained there were no vacancies . While his brother Charles protested , Sam was fuming , yelling to see the manager and refusing to leave until he received an answer . His wife nudged him , attempting to calm him down , telling him , `` They 'll kill you , '' to which he responded , `` They ai n't gon na kill me , because I 'm Sam Cooke . '' When they eventually persuaded Cooke to leave , the group drove away calling out insults and blaring their horns . When they arrived at the Castle Motel on Sprague Street downtown , the police were waiting for them , arresting them for disturbing the peace . The New York Times ran an AP report the following day headlined `` Negro Band Leader Held in Shreveport , '' but African - Americans were outraged , leading to the creation of a myth surrounding the incident , exaggerating parts of the story and fabricating others .","sentences":["On October 8 , 1963 , en route to Shreveport , Louisiana , Cooke called ahead to the Holiday Inn North to make reservations for his wife , Barbara , and himself , but when he and his group arrived , the desk clerk glanced nervously and explained there were no vacancies .","While his brother Charles protested , Sam was fuming , yelling to see the manager and refusing to leave until he received an answer .","His wife nudged him , attempting to calm him down , telling him , `` They 'll kill you , '' to which he responded , `` They ai n't gon na kill me , because I 'm Sam Cooke . ''","When they eventually persuaded Cooke to leave , the group drove away calling out insults and blaring their horns .","When they arrived at the Castle Motel on Sprague Street downtown , the police were waiting for them , arresting them for disturbing the peace .","The New York Times ran an AP report the following day headlined `` Negro Band Leader Held in Shreveport , '' but African - Americans were outraged , leading to the creation of a myth surrounding the incident , exaggerating parts of the story and fabricating others ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5395241063605484157","input":"when will the new twenty dollar bill be released","passages":[{"title":"United States twenty-dollar bill","text":"1861 : A demand note with Lady Liberty holding a sword and shield on the front , and an abstract design on the back . The back is printed green . 1862 : A note that is very similar , the first $20 United States note . The back is different , with several small variations extant . 1863 : A gold certificate $20 note with an Eagle vignette on the face . The reverse has a $20 gold coin and various abstract elements . The back is orange . 1865 : A national bank note with `` The Battle of Lexington '' and Pocahontas 's marriage to John Rolfe in black , and a green border . 1869 : A new United States note design , with Alexander Hamilton on the left side of the front and Victory holding a shield and sword . The back design is green . 1875 : As above , except with a different reverse . 1878 : A silver certificate $20 note with a portrait of Stephen Decatur on the right side of the face . The back design is black . 1882 : A new gold certificate , with a portrait of James Garfield on the right of the face . The back is orange and features an eagle . 1882 : A new national bank note . The front is similar , but the back is different and printed in brown . 1886 : A new silver certificate $20 note , with Daniel Manning on the center of the face . 1890 : A treasury ( coin ) note with John Marshall on the left of the face . Two different backs exist both with abstract designs . 1902 : A new national bank note . The front features Hugh McCulloch , and the back has a vignette of an allegorical America . 1905 : A new gold certificate $20 note , with George Washington on the center of the face . The back design is orange .","sentences":["1861 : A demand note with Lady Liberty holding a sword and shield on the front , and an abstract design on the back .","The back is printed green .","1862 :","A note that is very similar , the first $20 United States note .","The back is different , with several small variations extant .","1863 :","A gold certificate $20 note with an Eagle vignette on the face .","The reverse has a $20 gold coin and various abstract elements .","The back is orange .","1865 : A national bank note with `` The Battle of Lexington '' and Pocahontas 's marriage to John Rolfe in black , and a green border .","1869 :","A new United States note design , with Alexander Hamilton on the left side of the front and Victory holding a shield and sword .","The back design is green .","1875 :","As above , except with a different reverse .","1878 : A silver certificate $20 note with a portrait of Stephen Decatur on the right side of the face .","The back design is black .","1882 :","A new gold certificate , with a portrait of James Garfield on the right of the face .","The back is orange and features an eagle .","1882 :","A new national bank note .","The front is similar , but the back is different and printed in brown .","1886 :","A new silver certificate $20 note , with Daniel Manning on the center of the face .","1890 :","A treasury ( coin ) note with John Marshall on the left of the face .","Two different backs exist both with abstract designs .","1902 : A new national bank note .","The front features Hugh McCulloch , and the back has a vignette of an allegorical America .","1905 :","A new gold certificate $20 note , with George Washington on the center of the face .","The back design is orange ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3731568384337473827","input":"where is jai alai played in the us","passages":[{"title":"Jai alai","text":"The court for jai alai consists of walls on the front , back and left , and the floor between them . If the ball ( called a `` pilota '' , `` ball '' in Euskara ) touches the floor outside these walls , it is considered out of bounds . Similarly , there is also a border on the lower 3 feet ( 0.9 m ) of the front wall that is also out of bounds . The ceiling on the court is usually very high , so the ball has a more predictable path . The court is divided by 14 parallel lines going horizontally across the court , with line 1 closest to the front wall and line 14 the back wall . In doubles , each team consists of a frontcourt player and a backcourt player . The game begins when the frontcourt player of the first team serves the ball to the second team . The winner of each point stays on the court to meet the next team in rotation . Losers go to the end of the line to await another turn on the court . The first team to score 7 points ( or 9 in Superfecta games ) wins . The next highest scores are awarded `` place '' ( second ) and `` show '' ( third ) positions , respectively . Playoffs decide tied scores .","sentences":["The court for jai alai consists of walls on the front , back and left , and the floor between them .","If the ball ( called a `` pilota '' , `` ball '' in Euskara ) touches the floor outside these walls , it is considered out of bounds .","Similarly , there is also a border on the lower 3 feet ( 0.9 m ) of the front wall that is also out of bounds .","The ceiling on the court is usually very high , so the ball has a more predictable path .","The court is divided by 14 parallel lines going horizontally across the court , with line 1 closest to the front wall and line 14 the back wall .","In doubles , each team consists of a frontcourt player and a backcourt player .","The game begins when the frontcourt player of the first team serves the ball to the second team .","The winner of each point stays on the court to meet the next team in rotation .","Losers go to the end of the line to await another turn on the court .","The first team to score 7 points ( or 9 in Superfecta games ) wins .","The next highest scores are awarded `` place '' ( second ) and `` show '' ( third ) positions , respectively .","Playoffs decide tied scores ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3378079163879573414","input":"how many goals has mbappe scored in the workd cup","passages":[{"title":"FIFA World Cup","text":"After 1970 , a new trophy , known as the FIFA World Cup Trophy , was designed . The experts of FIFA , coming from seven countries , evaluated the 53 presented models , finally opting for the work of the Italian designer Silvio Gazzaniga . The new trophy is 36 cm ( 14.2 in ) high , made of solid 18 carat ( 75 % ) gold and weighs 6.175 kg ( 13.6 lb ) . The base contains two layers of semi-precious malachite while the bottom side of the trophy bears the engraved year and name of each FIFA World Cup winner since 1974 . The description of the trophy by Gazzaniga was : `` The lines spring out from the base , rising in spirals , stretching out to receive the world . From the remarkable dynamic tensions of the compact body of the sculpture rise the figures of two athletes at the stirring moment of victory . ''","sentences":["After 1970 , a new trophy , known as the FIFA World Cup Trophy , was designed .","The experts of FIFA , coming from seven countries , evaluated the 53 presented models , finally opting for the work of the Italian designer Silvio Gazzaniga .","The new trophy is 36 cm ( 14.2 in ) high , made of solid 18 carat ( 75 % ) gold and weighs 6.175 kg ( 13.6 lb ) .","The base contains two layers of semi-precious malachite while the bottom side of the trophy bears the engraved year and name of each FIFA World Cup winner since 1974 .","The description of the trophy by Gazzaniga was : `` The lines spring out from the base , rising in spirals , stretching out to receive the world .","From the remarkable dynamic tensions of the compact body of the sculpture rise the figures of two athletes at the stirring moment of victory . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9006217001478488581","input":"what is the high note in nessun dorma","passages":[{"title":"Nessun dorma","text":"Nessun dorma ! Nessun dorma ! Tu pure , o Principessa , nella tua fredda stanza , guardi le stelle che tremano d'amore , e di speranza ! None shall sleep ! None shall sleep ! Not even you , oh Princess , in your cold bedroom , watching the stars that tremble with love and with hope ! Ma il mio mistero \u00e8 chiuso in me ; il nome mio nessun sapr\u00e0 ! No , No ! Sulla tua bocca lo dir\u00f2 quando la luce splender\u00e0 ! But my secret is hidden within me ; no one will know my name ! No , no ! On your mouth I will say it when the light shines ! Ed il mio bacio scioglier\u00e0 il silenzio che ti fa mia ! And my kiss will dissolve the silence that makes you mine !","sentences":["Nessun dorma !","Nessun dorma !","Tu pure , o Principessa , nella tua fredda stanza , guardi le stelle che tremano d'amore , e di speranza !","None shall sleep !","None shall sleep !","Not even you , oh Princess , in your cold bedroom , watching the stars that tremble with love and with hope !","Ma il mio mistero \u00e8 chiuso in me ; il nome mio nessun sapr\u00e0 !","No , No !","Sulla tua bocca lo dir\u00f2 quando la luce splender\u00e0 !","But my secret is hidden within me ; no one will know my name !","No , no !","On your mouth I will say it when the light shines !","Ed il mio bacio scioglier\u00e0 il silenzio che ti fa mia !","And my kiss will dissolve the silence that makes you mine !"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2083752352670536627","input":"which of these region(s) on the map were a source of conflict between the u.s. and great britain","passages":[{"title":"War of 1812","text":"During the war , New England states became increasingly frustrated over how the war was being conducted and how the conflict was affecting them . They complained that the U.S. government was not investing enough in the states ' defences militarily and financially , and that the states should have more control over their militias . The increased taxes , the British blockade , and the occupation of some of New England by enemy forces also agitated public opinion in the states . As a result , at the Hartford Convention ( December 1814 -- January 1815 ) Federalist delegates deprecated the war effort and sought more autonomy for the New England states . They did not call for secession but word of the angry anti-war resolutions appeared at the same time that peace was announced and the victory at New Orleans was known . The upshot was that the Federalists were permanently discredited and quickly disappeared as a major political force .","sentences":["During the war , New England states became increasingly frustrated over how the war was being conducted and how the conflict was affecting them .","They complained that the U.S. government was not investing enough in the states ' defences militarily and financially , and that the states should have more control over their militias .","The increased taxes , the British blockade , and the occupation of some of New England by enemy forces also agitated public opinion in the states .","As a result , at the Hartford Convention ( December 1814 -- January 1815 )","Federalist delegates deprecated the war effort and sought more autonomy for the New England states .","They did not call for secession but word of the angry anti-war resolutions appeared at the same time that peace was announced and the victory at New Orleans was known .","The upshot was that the Federalists were permanently discredited and quickly disappeared as a major political force ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7300742981006132140","input":"what is on the tail side of a quarter","passages":[{"title":"Washington quarter","text":"Washington quarter United States Value 25 cents ( 0.25 US dollars ) Mass ( silver ) 6.25 g , ( clad ) 5.67 g , ( silver clad ) 5.75 g Diameter 24.3 mm Edge reeded Composition 1932 -- 1964 , as well as post-1992 silver issues : . 900 silver , . 100 copper . Circulation strikes since 1965 : . 750 copper , . 250 nickel , clad to pure copper core . Bicentennial silver clad coins : . 800 silver , . 200 copper bonded to a core of . 210 silver , . 790 copper ( overall , . 400 silver ) . Silver All coins issued for circulation since 1965 contain no silver . For . 900 silver issues : 0.18084 troy oz . For Bicentennial silver collector 's issue : 0.0739 troy oz Years of minting 1932 -- present Mint marks D , S , P ( no mint marks used 1965 to 1967 ; `` P '' mint mark omitted on Philadelphia Mint issues before 1980 ) . Found under the intersection of the branches on the reverse until 1964 , later issues on lower part of obverse to the right of Washington 's neck . Obverse Designer John Flanagan ( 1932 version ) from a 1786 design by Houdon \/ William Cousins ( modification to Flanagan 's design ) Design date 1932 -- present Reverse America the Beautiful Quarters Design Various Designer Various Design date 2010 -- 2021","sentences":["Washington quarter United States Value 25 cents ( 0.25 US dollars )","Mass ( silver ) 6.25 g , ( clad ) 5.67 g , ( silver clad )","5.75 g Diameter","24.3 mm Edge reeded Composition 1932 -- 1964 , as well as post-1992 silver issues : .","900 silver , .","100 copper .","Circulation strikes since 1965 : .","750 copper , .","250 nickel , clad to pure copper core .","Bicentennial silver clad coins : .","800 silver , .","200 copper bonded to a core of .","210 silver , .","790 copper ( overall , .","400 silver ) .","Silver All coins issued for circulation since 1965 contain no silver .","For .","900 silver issues : 0.18084 troy oz .","For Bicentennial silver collector 's issue : 0.0739 troy oz Years of minting 1932 -- present Mint marks D , S , P ( no mint marks used 1965 to 1967 ; `` P '' mint mark omitted on Philadelphia Mint issues before 1980 ) .","Found under the intersection of the branches on the reverse until 1964 , later issues on lower part of obverse to the right of Washington 's neck .","Obverse Designer John Flanagan ( 1932 version ) from a 1786 design by Houdon \/ William Cousins ( modification to Flanagan 's design ) Design date 1932 -- present Reverse America the Beautiful Quarters Design Various Designer Various Design date 2010 -- 2021"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3020843410461745637","input":"where did the term dada come from and what does it mean","passages":[{"title":"Dada","text":"Like Z\u00fcrich , New York City was a refuge for writers and artists from the First World War . Soon after arriving from France in 1915 , Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia met American artist Man Ray . By 1916 the three of them became the center of radical anti-art activities in the United States . American Beatrice Wood , who had been studying in France , soon joined them , along with Elsa von Freytag - Loringhoven . Arthur Cravan , fleeing conscription in France , was also in New York for a time . Much of their activity centered in Alfred Stieglitz 's gallery , 291 , and the home of Walter and Louise Arensberg .","sentences":["Like Z\u00fcrich , New York City was a refuge for writers and artists from the First World War .","Soon after arriving from France in 1915 , Marcel Duchamp and Francis Picabia met American artist Man Ray .","By 1916 the three of them became the center of radical anti-art activities in the United States .","American Beatrice Wood , who had been studying in France , soon joined them , along with Elsa von Freytag - Loringhoven .","Arthur Cravan , fleeing conscription in France , was also in New York for a time .","Much of their activity centered in Alfred Stieglitz 's gallery , 291 , and the home of Walter and Louise Arensberg ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8283072343674205268","input":"where did the portugues first establish sugar plantations in africa","passages":[{"title":"Portuguese Mozambique","text":"In 1959 -- 60 , Mozambique 's major exports included cotton , cashew nuts , tea , sugar , copra and sisal . Other major agricultural productions included rice and coconut . The expanding economy of the Portuguese overseas province was fuelled by foreign direct investment , and public investment which included ambitious state - managed development plans . British capital owned two of the large sugar concessions ( the third was Portuguese ) , including the famous Sena states . The Matola Oil Refinery , Procon , was controlled by Britain and the United States . In 1948 the petroleum concession was given to the Mozambique Gulf Oil Company . At Maotize coal was mined ; the industry was chiefly financed by Belgian capital . 60 % of the capital of the Compagnie de Charbons de Mozambique was held by the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Mini\u00e8re et G\u00e9ologique Belge , 30 % by the Mozambique Company , and the remaining 10 % by the Government of the territory . Three banks were in operation , the Banco Nacional Ultramarino , Portuguese , Barclays Bank , D.C.O. , British , and the Banco Totta e Standard de Mo\u00e7ambique ( a partnership between Standard Bank of South Africa and mainland 's Banco Totta & A\u00e7ores ) . Nine out of the twenty - three insurance companies were Portuguese. 80 % of life assurance was in the hands of foreign companies which testifies to the openness of the economy . Cahora","sentences":["In 1959 -- 60 , Mozambique 's major exports included cotton , cashew nuts , tea , sugar , copra and sisal .","Other major agricultural productions included rice and coconut .","The expanding economy of the Portuguese overseas province was fuelled by foreign direct investment , and public investment which included ambitious state - managed development plans .","British capital owned two of the large sugar concessions ( the third was Portuguese ) , including the famous Sena states .","The Matola Oil Refinery , Procon , was controlled by Britain and the United States .","In 1948 the petroleum concession was given to the Mozambique Gulf Oil Company .","At Maotize coal was mined ; the industry was chiefly financed by Belgian capital .","60 % of the capital of the Compagnie de Charbons de Mozambique was held by the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Mini\u00e8re et G\u00e9ologique Belge , 30 % by the Mozambique Company , and the remaining 10 % by the Government of the territory .","Three banks were in operation , the Banco Nacional Ultramarino , Portuguese , Barclays Bank , D.C.O. , British , and the Banco Totta e Standard de Mo\u00e7ambique ( a partnership between Standard Bank of South Africa and mainland 's Banco Totta & A\u00e7ores ) .","Nine out of the twenty - three insurance companies were Portuguese.","80 % of life assurance was in the hands of foreign companies which testifies to the openness of the economy .","Cahora"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3255184879935716039","input":"when does google take pictures for street view","passages":[{"title":"Google Street View","text":"Austria : Google Street View was banned in Austria because Google was found to collect Wifi data unauthorized in 2010 . After the ban was lifted rules were set up for how Street View can operate legally in Austria . Google has yet to resume service . Officially it welcomed the new guidelines but has ruled out operating under them . As of 2016 Google Street View is still unavailable .","sentences":["Austria :","Google Street View was banned in Austria because Google was found to collect Wifi data unauthorized in 2010 .","After the ban was lifted rules were set up for how Street View can operate legally in Austria .","Google has yet to resume service .","Officially it welcomed the new guidelines but has ruled out operating under them .","As of 2016 Google Street View is still unavailable ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3103643041754429297","input":"what is the significance of the flower in blade","passages":[{"title":"Petal","text":"Flowers have various regulatory mechanisms in order to attract insects . One such helpful mechanism is the use of colour guiding marks . Insects such as the bee or butterfly can see the ultraviolet marks which are contained on these flowers , acting as an attractive mechanism which is not visible towards the human eye . Many flowers contain a variety of shapes acting to aid with the landing of the visiting insect and also influence the insect to brush against anthers and stigmas ( parts of the flower ) . One such example of a flower is the p\u014dhutukawa ( Metrosideros excelsa ) which acts to regulate colour within a different way . The p\u014dhutukawa contains small petals also having bright large red clusters of stamens . Another attractive mechanism for flowers is the use of scent which is highly attractive towards humans such as the rose , but some are very fragrant within attracting flies as they have a smell of rotting meat . Dark is another factor in which flowers have grown to adapt these conditions so colour lacks vision at night therefore scent is the solution for flowers which are pollinated by night flying insects such as the moth .","sentences":["Flowers have various regulatory mechanisms in order to attract insects .","One such helpful mechanism is the use of colour guiding marks .","Insects such as the bee or butterfly can see the ultraviolet marks which are contained on these flowers , acting as an attractive mechanism which is not visible towards the human eye .","Many flowers contain a variety of shapes acting to aid with the landing of the visiting insect and also influence the insect to brush against anthers and stigmas ( parts of the flower ) .","One such example of a flower is the p\u014dhutukawa ( Metrosideros excelsa ) which acts to regulate colour within a different way .","The p\u014dhutukawa contains small petals also having bright large red clusters of stamens .","Another attractive mechanism for flowers is the use of scent which is highly attractive towards humans such as the rose , but some are very fragrant within attracting flies as they have a smell of rotting meat .","Dark is another factor in which flowers have grown to adapt these conditions so colour lacks vision at night therefore scent is the solution for flowers which are pollinated by night flying insects such as the moth ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8910663812615725131","input":"how to set a stage for a play","passages":[{"title":"Staging (theatre, film, television)","text":"While from a critical standpoint , `` staging '' can refer to the spectacle that a play presents in performance , the term is also frequently used interchangeably with the term `` blocking '' , referring to how the performers are placed and moved around the stage . Many audience members may believe that performers move spontaneously on the stage , but blocking \/ staging is rarely spontaneous . Major points of blocking are often set down by the playwright , but blocking is usually done by the director , sometimes in collaboration with performers and designers . In the modern theater , there are purely mechanical reasons why blocking is crucial . Stage lighting is focused on specific parts of the stage at specific moments , and the performer must be sure to be on his or her `` mark '' or `` spike '' or they may not be well lit . Blocking also ensures that the stage picture gives the proper focus to the proper places , and that transitions occur smoothly . This becomes even more crucial as modern stage technology allows for ever more elaborate special effects .","sentences":["While from a critical standpoint , `` staging '' can refer to the spectacle that a play presents in performance , the term is also frequently used interchangeably with the term `` blocking '' , referring to how the performers are placed and moved around the stage .","Many audience members may believe that performers move spontaneously on the stage , but blocking \/ staging is rarely spontaneous .","Major points of blocking are often set down by the playwright , but blocking is usually done by the director , sometimes in collaboration with performers and designers .","In the modern theater , there are purely mechanical reasons why blocking is crucial .","Stage lighting is focused on specific parts of the stage at specific moments , and the performer must be sure to be on his or her `` mark '' or `` spike '' or they may not be well lit .","Blocking also ensures that the stage picture gives the proper focus to the proper places , and that transitions occur smoothly .","This becomes even more crucial as modern stage technology allows for ever more elaborate special effects ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2934407531968356228","input":"where did the phrase got beef come from","passages":[{"title":"Where's the beef?","text":"The phrase first came to public attention in a U.S. television commercial for the Wendy 's chain of hamburger restaurants in 1984 . In reality , the strategy behind the campaign was to distinguish competitors ( McDonald 's and Burger King ) big name hamburgers ( Big Mac and Whopper respectively ) from Wendy 's ' modest ' Single by focusing on the large bun used by the competitors and the larger beef patty in Wendy 's hamburger . In the ad , titled `` Fluffy Bun '' , actress Clara Peller receives a burger with a massive bun from a fictional competitor , which uses the slogan `` Home of the Big Bun '' . The small patty prompts Peller angrily to exclaim , `` Where 's the beef ? '' Director Joe Sedelmaier actually wanted Peller to say , `` Where is all the beef ? '' but because of emphysema , that was too hard for her .","sentences":["The phrase first came to public attention in a U.S. television commercial for the Wendy 's chain of hamburger restaurants in 1984 .","In reality , the strategy behind the campaign was to distinguish competitors ( McDonald 's and Burger King ) big name hamburgers ( Big Mac and Whopper respectively ) from Wendy 's ' modest ' Single by focusing on the large bun used by the competitors and the larger beef patty in Wendy 's hamburger .","In the ad , titled `` Fluffy Bun '' , actress Clara Peller receives a burger with a massive bun from a fictional competitor , which uses the slogan `` Home of the Big Bun '' .","The small patty prompts Peller angrily to exclaim , `` Where 's the beef ? ''","Director Joe Sedelmaier actually wanted Peller to say , `` Where is all the beef ? ''","but because of emphysema , that was too hard for her ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3522414746894142270","input":"what type of ammo does a glock 19 gen 4 use","passages":[{"title":"Glock","text":"The Glock 19 is effectively a reduced - size Glock 17 , called the `` Compact '' by the manufacturer . It was first produced in 1988 , primarily for military and law enforcement . The Glock 19 's barrel and pistol grip are shorter by about 12 mm ( 0.5 in ) compared to the Glock 17 and uses a magazine with a standard capacity of 15 rounds . The pistol is compatible with factory magazines from the Glock 17 and Glock 18 , giving the Glock 19 available capacities of : 17 rounds ( standard magazine with + 2 extension ) , 10 , 17 , and 19 ( standard Glock 17 magazine with + 2 ) , and the 31 ( standard Glock 18 magazine with + 2 removed ) and 33 rounds of the Glock 18 . To preserve the operational reliability of the short recoil system , the mass of the slide remains the same as in the Glock 17 from which it is derived . With the exception of the slide , frame , barrel , locking block , recoil spring , guide rod , and slide lock spring , all of the other components are interchangeable between the models 17 and 19 iwb holster . The","sentences":["The Glock 19 is effectively a reduced - size Glock 17 , called the `` Compact '' by the manufacturer .","It was first produced in 1988 , primarily for military and law enforcement .","The Glock 19 's barrel and pistol grip are shorter by about 12 mm ( 0.5 in ) compared to the Glock 17 and uses a magazine with a standard capacity of 15 rounds .","The pistol is compatible with factory magazines from the Glock 17 and Glock 18 , giving the Glock 19 available capacities of : 17 rounds ( standard magazine with + 2 extension ) , 10 , 17 , and 19 ( standard Glock 17 magazine with + 2 ) , and the 31 ( standard Glock 18 magazine with + 2 removed ) and 33 rounds of the Glock 18 .","To preserve the operational reliability of the short recoil system , the mass of the slide remains the same as in the Glock 17 from which it is derived .","With the exception of the slide , frame , barrel , locking block , recoil spring , guide rod , and slide lock spring , all of the other components are interchangeable between the models 17 and 19 iwb holster .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7698741531112540196","input":"sun is shining and the sky is blue what better way","passages":[{"title":"Flag of Argentina","text":"Alta en el cielo , un \u00e1guila guerrera Audaz se eleva en vuelo triunfal . Azul un ala del color del cielo , Azul un ala del color del mar . As\u00ed en el alta aurora irradial . Punta de flecha el \u00e1ureo rostro imita . Y forma estela el purpurado cuello . El ala es pa\u00f1o , el \u00e1guila es bandera . Es la bandera de la patria m\u00eda , del sol nacido que me ha dado Dios . Es la bandera de la Patria M\u00eda , del sol nacido que me ha dado Dios .","sentences":["Alta en el cielo , un \u00e1guila guerrera Audaz se eleva en vuelo triunfal .","Azul un ala del color del cielo , Azul un ala del color del mar .","As\u00ed en el alta aurora irradial .","Punta de flecha el \u00e1ureo rostro imita .","Y forma estela el purpurado cuello .","El ala es pa\u00f1o , el \u00e1guila es bandera .","Es la bandera de la patria m\u00eda , del sol nacido que me ha dado Dios .","Es la bandera de la Patria M\u00eda , del sol nacido que me ha dado Dios ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5957142055732484366","input":"when was the first photograph taken in america","passages":[{"title":"History of photography","text":"Herbert Bowyer Berkeley experimented with his own version of collodion emulsions after Samman introduced the idea of adding dithionite to the pyrogallol developer . Berkeley discovered that with his own addition of sulfite , to absorb the sulfur dioxide given off by the chemical dithionite in the developer , that dithionite was not required in the developing process . In 1881 he published his discovery . Berkeley 's formula contained pyrogallol , sulfite and citric acid . Ammonia was added just before use to make the formula alkaline . The new formula was sold by the Platinotype Company in London as Sulpho - Pyrogallol Developer .","sentences":["Herbert Bowyer Berkeley experimented with his own version of collodion emulsions after Samman introduced the idea of adding dithionite to the pyrogallol developer .","Berkeley discovered that with his own addition of sulfite , to absorb the sulfur dioxide given off by the chemical dithionite in the developer , that dithionite was not required in the developing process .","In 1881 he published his discovery .","Berkeley 's formula contained pyrogallol , sulfite and citric acid .","Ammonia was added just before use to make the formula alkaline .","The new formula was sold by the Platinotype Company in London as Sulpho - Pyrogallol Developer ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2146458946596404197","input":"when did filter cigarettes first appear in australia","passages":[{"title":"Cigarette filter","text":"A cigarette filter is a component of a cigarette , along with cigarette paper , capsules and adhesives . The filter may be made from cellulose acetate fibre , paper or activated charcoal ( either as a cavity filter or embedded into the cellulose acetate ) . Macroporous phenol - formaldehyde resins and asbestos have also been used in cigarette filters . The acetate and paper modify the particulate smoke phase by particle retention ( filtration ) , and finely divided carbon modifies the gaseous phase ( adsorption ) . Filters can reduce `` tar '' and nicotine smoke yields up to 50 % , with a greater removal rate for other classes of compounds ( e.g. , phenols ) , but are ineffective in filtering toxins such as carbon monoxide . Most factory - made cigarettes are equipped with a filter ; those who roll their own can buy them from a tobacconist .","sentences":["A cigarette filter is a component of a cigarette , along with cigarette paper , capsules and adhesives .","The filter may be made from cellulose acetate fibre , paper or activated charcoal ( either as a cavity filter or embedded into the cellulose acetate ) .","Macroporous phenol - formaldehyde resins and asbestos have also been used in cigarette filters .","The acetate and paper modify the particulate smoke phase by particle retention ( filtration ) , and finely divided carbon modifies the gaseous phase ( adsorption ) .","Filters can reduce `` tar '' and nicotine smoke yields up to 50 % , with a greater removal rate for other classes of compounds ( e.g. , phenols ) , but are ineffective in filtering toxins such as carbon monoxide .","Most factory - made cigarettes are equipped with a filter ; those who roll their own can buy them from a tobacconist ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"67622558035260203","input":"where is glycogen stored when not needed for immediate energy","passages":[{"title":"Glycogen","text":"Glycogen synthesis is , unlike its breakdown , endergonic -- it requires the input of energy . Energy for glycogen synthesis comes from uridine triphosphate ( UTP ) , which reacts with glucose - 1 - phosphate , forming UDP - glucose , in a reaction catalysed by UTP -- glucose - 1 - phosphate uridylyltransferase . Glycogen is synthesized from monomers of UDP - glucose initially by the protein glycogenin , which has two tyrosine anchors for the reducing end of glycogen , since glycogenin is a homodimer . After about eight glucose molecules have been added to a tyrosine residue , the enzyme glycogen synthase progressively lengthens the glycogen chain using UDP - glucose , adding \u03b1 ( 1 \u2192 4 ) - bonded glucose . The glycogen branching enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a terminal fragment of six or seven glucose residues from a nonreducing end to the C - 6 hydroxyl group of a glucose residue deeper into the interior of the glycogen molecule . The branching enzyme can act upon only a branch having at least 11 residues , and the enzyme may transfer to the same glucose chain or adjacent glucose chains .","sentences":["Glycogen synthesis is , unlike its breakdown , endergonic -- it requires the input of energy .","Energy for glycogen synthesis comes from uridine triphosphate ( UTP ) , which reacts with glucose - 1 - phosphate , forming UDP - glucose , in a reaction catalysed by UTP -- glucose - 1 - phosphate uridylyltransferase .","Glycogen is synthesized from monomers of UDP - glucose initially by the protein glycogenin , which has two tyrosine anchors for the reducing end of glycogen , since glycogenin is a homodimer .","After about eight glucose molecules have been added to a tyrosine residue , the enzyme glycogen synthase progressively lengthens the glycogen chain using UDP - glucose , adding \u03b1 ( 1 \u2192 4 ) - bonded glucose .","The glycogen branching enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a terminal fragment of six or seven glucose residues from a nonreducing end to the C - 6 hydroxyl group of a glucose residue deeper into the interior of the glycogen molecule .","The branching enzyme can act upon only a branch having at least 11 residues , and the enzyme may transfer to the same glucose chain or adjacent glucose chains ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1852735489422122562","input":"what states did not secede from the union during the civil war","passages":[{"title":"Border states (American Civil War)","text":"The ultimate decision about West Virginia was made by the armies in the field . The Confederates were defeated , the Union was triumphant , so West Virginia was born . In late spring 1861 Union troops from Ohio moved into western Virginia with the primary strategic goal of protecting the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad . General George B. McClellan destroyed Confederate defenses in western Virginia . Raids and recruitment by the Confederacy took place throughout the war . Current estimates of soldiers from West Virginia are 20,000 - 22,000 men each to the Union and the Confederacy .","sentences":["The ultimate decision about West Virginia was made by the armies in the field .","The Confederates were defeated , the Union was triumphant , so West Virginia was born .","In late spring 1861 Union troops from Ohio moved into western Virginia with the primary strategic goal of protecting the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad .","General George B. McClellan destroyed Confederate defenses in western Virginia .","Raids and recruitment by the Confederacy took place throughout the war .","Current estimates of soldiers from West Virginia are 20,000 - 22,000 men each to the Union and the Confederacy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1003247150573878441","input":"where did the decisive early encounters of the civil war take place","passages":[{"title":"Siege","text":"In the 1530s and ' 40s , the new style of fortification began to spread out of Italy into the rest of Europe , particularly to France , the Netherlands , and Spain . Italian engineers were in enormous demand throughout Europe , especially in war - torn areas such as the Netherlands , which became dotted by towns encircled in modern fortifications . The densely populated areas of Northern Italy and the United Provinces ( the Netherlands ) were infamous for their high degree of fortification of cities . It made campaigns in these areas very hard to successfully conduct , considering even minor cities had to be captured by siege within the span of the campaigning season . In the Dutch case , the possibility of flooding large parts of the land provided an additional obstacle to besiegers , for example at the Siege of Leiden . For many years , defensive and offensive tactics were well balanced , leading to protracted and costly wars such as Europe had never known , involving more and more planning and government involvement . The new fortresses ensured that war rarely extended beyond a series of sieges . Because the new fortresses could easily hold 10,000 men , an attacking army could not ignore a powerfully fortified position without serious risk of counterattack . As a result , virtually all towns had to be taken , and that was usually a long , drawn - out affair , potentially lasting from several months to years , while the members of the town were starved to death . Most battles in this period were between besieging armies and relief columns sent to rescue the besieged .","sentences":["In the 1530s and ' 40s , the new style of fortification began to spread out of Italy into the rest of Europe , particularly to France , the Netherlands , and Spain .","Italian engineers were in enormous demand throughout Europe , especially in war - torn areas such as the Netherlands , which became dotted by towns encircled in modern fortifications .","The densely populated areas of Northern Italy and the United Provinces ( the Netherlands ) were infamous for their high degree of fortification of cities .","It made campaigns in these areas very hard to successfully conduct , considering even minor cities had to be captured by siege within the span of the campaigning season .","In the Dutch case , the possibility of flooding large parts of the land provided an additional obstacle to besiegers , for example at the Siege of Leiden .","For many years , defensive and offensive tactics were well balanced , leading to protracted and costly wars such as Europe had never known , involving more and more planning and government involvement .","The new fortresses ensured that war rarely extended beyond a series of sieges .","Because the new fortresses could easily hold 10,000 men , an attacking army could not ignore a powerfully fortified position without serious risk of counterattack .","As a result , virtually all towns had to be taken , and that was usually a long , drawn - out affair , potentially lasting from several months to years , while the members of the town were starved to death .","Most battles in this period were between besieging armies and relief columns sent to rescue the besieged ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5850190658308837665","input":"what is the difference between t cells and white blood cells","passages":[{"title":"T cell","text":"T helper cells ( T cells ) assist other white blood cells in immunologic processes , including maturation of B cells into plasma cells and memory B cells , and activation of cytotoxic T cells and macrophages . These cells are also known as CD4 T cells because they express the CD4 glycoprotein on their surfaces . Helper T cells become activated when they are presented with peptide antigens by MHC class II molecules , which are expressed on the surface of antigen - presenting cells ( APCs ) . Once activated , they divide rapidly and secrete small proteins called cytokines that regulate or assist in the active immune response . These cells can differentiate into one of several subtypes , including T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , T 17 , T 9 , or T , which secrete different cytokines to facilitate different types of immune responses . Signalling from the APC directs T cells into particular subtypes .","sentences":["T helper cells ( T cells ) assist other white blood cells in immunologic processes , including maturation of B cells into plasma cells and memory B cells , and activation of cytotoxic T cells and macrophages .","These cells are also known as CD4 T cells because they express the CD4 glycoprotein on their surfaces .","Helper T cells become activated when they are presented with peptide antigens by MHC class II molecules , which are expressed on the surface of antigen - presenting cells ( APCs ) .","Once activated , they divide rapidly and secrete small proteins called cytokines that regulate or assist in the active immune response .","These cells can differentiate into one of several subtypes , including T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , T 17 , T 9 , or T , which secrete different cytokines to facilitate different types of immune responses .","Signalling from the APC directs T cells into particular subtypes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2924204341070774547","input":"why you say god bless you after a sneeze","passages":[{"title":"God bless you","text":"God bless you ( variants include God bless or bless you ) is a common English expression , used to wish a person blessings in various situations , especially as a response to a sneeze , and also , when parting or writing a valediction . This Phrase has been used long time ago in the eastern literature . Somadeva 's `` Brihatkathamanjari '' which it self is based on earlier long lost book , Gunadhya 's `` Brihatkatha '' has a story in Book 6 ( Madanamanchuka lambaka ) under the story `` Princess and the merchant 's son who saved his life '' . In this story the cursed prince is saved by the merchant 's son as the prince is supposed to die after 100 sneezes . Merchant 's son who happen to hear the curse , knows the cure too . He has to utter `` God bless you '' on every sneeze , and thus he saves the prince . The phrase has been used in the Hebrew Bible by Jews ( cf . Numbers 6 : 24 ) , and by Christians , since the time of the early Church as a benediction , as well as a means of bidding a person Godspeed . Many clergy , when blessing their congregants individually or as a group , use the phrase `` God bless you '' .","sentences":["God bless you ( variants include God bless or bless you ) is a common English expression , used to wish a person blessings in various situations , especially as a response to a sneeze , and also , when parting or writing a valediction .","This Phrase has been used long time ago in the eastern literature .","Somadeva 's `` Brihatkathamanjari '' which it self is based on earlier long lost book , Gunadhya 's `` Brihatkatha '' has a story in Book 6 ( Madanamanchuka lambaka ) under the story `` Princess and the merchant 's son who saved his life '' .","In this story the cursed prince is saved by the merchant 's son as the prince is supposed to die after 100 sneezes .","Merchant 's son who happen to hear the curse , knows the cure too .","He has to utter `` God bless you '' on every sneeze , and thus he saves the prince .","The phrase has been used in the Hebrew Bible by Jews ( cf .","Numbers 6 : 24 ) , and by Christians , since the time of the early Church as a benediction , as well as a means of bidding a person Godspeed .","Many clergy , when blessing their congregants individually or as a group , use the phrase `` God bless you '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5284530291776564278","input":"what is the song river by bishop about","passages":[{"title":"Bishop Briggs","text":"In January 2016 , Briggs released the single `` River '' and changed her recording name to Bishop Briggs to avoid confusion with a heavy metal band of the same name . The song was a commercial success . Shortly after its release , the song quickly made it to number 1 on Hype Machine 's Popular charts and reached number 1 on Spotify 's US Viral 50 and # 2 on the Global Viral 50 . It also received an Honorable Mention on Shazam 's predicted Songs of the Summer 2016 , which was featured in Billboard . As of May 2016 , `` River '' was steadily climbing the Shazam Future Hits charts . `` River '' climbed into the top 3 on the ' Billboard Alternative Songs chart and top 10 on the Billboard Hot Rock , Rock Airplay and Twitter Emerging Artist charts .","sentences":["In January 2016 , Briggs released the single `` River '' and changed her recording name to Bishop Briggs to avoid confusion with a heavy metal band of the same name .","The song was a commercial success .","Shortly after its release , the song quickly made it to number 1 on Hype Machine 's Popular charts and reached number 1 on Spotify 's US Viral 50 and # 2 on the Global Viral 50 .","It also received an Honorable Mention on Shazam 's predicted Songs of the Summer 2016 , which was featured in Billboard .","As of May 2016 , `` River '' was steadily climbing the Shazam Future Hits charts .","`` River '' climbed into the top 3 on the ' Billboard Alternative Songs chart and top 10 on the Billboard Hot Rock , Rock Airplay and Twitter Emerging Artist charts ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8720412180235251798","input":"where did the renaissance began and what countries did it spread to","passages":[{"title":"Renaissance","text":"Johan Huizinga ( 1872 -- 1945 ) acknowledged the existence of the Renaissance but questioned whether it was a positive change . In his book The Autumn of the Middle Ages , he argued that the Renaissance was a period of decline from the High Middle Ages , destroying much that was important . The Latin language , for instance , had evolved greatly from the classical period and was still a living language used in the church and elsewhere . The Renaissance obsession with classical purity halted its further evolution and saw Latin revert to its classical form . Robert S. Lopez has contended that it was a period of deep economic recession . Meanwhile , George Sarton and Lynn Thorndike have both argued that scientific progress was perhaps less original than has traditionally been supposed . Finally , Joan Kelly argued that the Renaissance led to greater gender dichotomy , lessening the agency women had had during the Middle Ages .","sentences":["Johan Huizinga ( 1872 -- 1945 ) acknowledged the existence of the Renaissance but questioned whether it was a positive change .","In his book The Autumn of the Middle Ages , he argued that the Renaissance was a period of decline from the High Middle Ages , destroying much that was important .","The Latin language , for instance , had evolved greatly from the classical period and was still a living language used in the church and elsewhere .","The Renaissance obsession with classical purity halted its further evolution and saw Latin revert to its classical form .","Robert S. Lopez has contended that it was a period of deep economic recession .","Meanwhile , George Sarton and Lynn Thorndike have both argued that scientific progress was perhaps less original than has traditionally been supposed .","Finally , Joan Kelly argued that the Renaissance led to greater gender dichotomy , lessening the agency women had had during the Middle Ages ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3869697554705761668","input":"what are the two perceived weaknesses of the canadian bill of rights","passages":[{"title":"Canadian Bill of Rights","text":"The Canadian Bill of Rights ( French : D\u00e9claration canadienne des droits ) is a federal statute and bill of rights enacted by Parliament of Canada on August 10 , 1960 . It provides Canadians with certain quasi-constitutional rights at Canadian federal law in relation to other federal statutes . It was the earliest expression of human rights law at the federal level in Canada , though an Implied Bill of Rights had already been recognized in the Canadian Common Law . The Canadian Bill of Rights remains in effect but its widely acknowledged ineffectiveness arises in large part to its character as a federal statute only -- although as to Canadian federal law , the Bill of Rights has subsequently acquired through judicial interpretation a quasi-constitutional status through the paramountcy doctrine . These legal and constitutional limitations were a significant reason that the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was established as an unambiguously - constitutional - level Bill of Rights for all Canadians , governing the application of both federal and provincial law in Canada , with the patriation of the Constitution of Canada in 1982 . Since patriation , its usefulness at federal law in Canada is mostly limited to issues pertaining to the enjoyment of property , as set forth in its section 1 ( a ) -- a slightly - broader `` life , liberty , and security of the person '' right than is recognized in Section Seven of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms .","sentences":["The Canadian Bill of Rights ( French : D\u00e9claration canadienne des droits ) is a federal statute and bill of rights enacted by Parliament of Canada on August 10 , 1960 .","It provides Canadians with certain quasi-constitutional rights at Canadian federal law in relation to other federal statutes .","It was the earliest expression of human rights law at the federal level in Canada , though an Implied Bill of Rights had already been recognized in the Canadian Common Law .","The Canadian Bill of Rights remains in effect but its widely acknowledged ineffectiveness arises in large part to its character as a federal statute only -- although as to Canadian federal law , the Bill of Rights has subsequently acquired through judicial interpretation a quasi-constitutional status through the paramountcy doctrine .","These legal and constitutional limitations were a significant reason that the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was established as an unambiguously - constitutional - level Bill of Rights for all Canadians , governing the application of both federal and provincial law in Canada , with the patriation of the Constitution of Canada in 1982 .","Since patriation , its usefulness at federal law in Canada is mostly limited to issues pertaining to the enjoyment of property , as set forth in its section 1 ( a ) -- a slightly - broader `` life , liberty , and security of the person '' right than is recognized in Section Seven of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2956684073144134865","input":"where did he come from cotton eye joe","passages":[{"title":"Cotton-Eyed Joe","text":"The origins of this song are unclear , although it pre-dates the 1861 -- 1865 American Civil War . American folklorist Dorothy Scarborough ( 1878 -- 1935 ) noted in her 1925 book On the Trail of Negro Folk - songs , that several people remember hearing the song before the war . Scarborough 's account of the song came from her sister , Mrs. George Scarborough , who learned the song from `` the Negroes on a plantation in Texas , and other parts from a man in Louisiana . '' The man in Louisiana knew the song from his earliest childhood and heard slaves singing it on plantations . Both the dance and the song had many variants . American publishing house Harper and Brothers published a version in 1882 , heard by author Louise Clarke Pyrnelle ( born 1850 ) on the Alabama plantation of her father when she was a child , that was later republished in 1910 :","sentences":["The origins of this song are unclear , although it pre-dates the 1861 -- 1865 American Civil War .","American folklorist Dorothy Scarborough ( 1878 -- 1935 ) noted in her 1925 book On the Trail of Negro Folk - songs , that several people remember hearing the song before the war .","Scarborough 's account of the song came from her sister , Mrs. George Scarborough , who learned the song from `` the Negroes on a plantation in Texas , and other parts from a man in Louisiana . ''","The man in Louisiana knew the song from his earliest childhood and heard slaves singing it on plantations .","Both the dance and the song had many variants .","American publishing house Harper and Brothers published a version in 1882 , heard by author Louise Clarke Pyrnelle ( born 1850 ) on the Alabama plantation of her father when she was a child , that was later republished in 1910 :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4165801411456352898","input":"where does the last name real come from","passages":[{"title":"French name","text":"Traditionally , most people were given names from the Roman Catholic calendar of saints . Common names of this type are Jacques ( James ) , Jean ( John ) , Michel ( Michael ) , Pierre ( Peter ) , or Jean - Baptiste ( John the Baptist ) for males ; and Marie ( Mary ) , Jeanne ( Jane ) , Marguerite ( Margaret ) , Fran\u00e7oise ( Frances ) , or \u00c9lisabeth ( Elizabeth ) for females . In certain regions such as Brittany or Corsica , more local names ( usually of local saints ) are often used ( in Brittany , for instance , male Corentin or female Anne ; in Corsica , Ange ( suitable both for males and females , French version corresponding to Corsican Angelo , Angela ) . However , given names for French citizens from immigrant communities are often from their own culture , such as Mohammed , Karim , Sa\u00efd , Toufik , Jorge , etc. for males , Fatima , Fatoumata , etc. for females . Furthermore , in recent decades it has become common to use first names of English or other foreign origin , mainly in the popular classes of the society , such as Kevin , Enzo , or Anthony ( instead of Antoine in the upper classes ) for males ; for females , Jessica , Jennifer , Karine or Barbara ( instead of Barbe , now out - of - fashion , because it sounds exactly the same as barbe `` beard '' as in the expression la barbe ! `` What a drag ! \/ How boring ! '' ) . Also , females are often given names like Jacqueline and G\u00e9raldine that are feminine forms of traditional common masculine French names .","sentences":["Traditionally , most people were given names from the Roman Catholic calendar of saints .","Common names of this type are Jacques ( James ) , Jean ( John ) , Michel ( Michael ) , Pierre ( Peter ) , or Jean - Baptiste ( John the Baptist ) for males ; and Marie ( Mary ) , Jeanne ( Jane ) , Marguerite ( Margaret ) , Fran\u00e7oise ( Frances ) , or \u00c9lisabeth ( Elizabeth ) for females .","In certain regions such as Brittany or Corsica , more local names ( usually of local saints ) are often used ( in Brittany , for instance , male Corentin or female Anne ; in Corsica , Ange ( suitable both for males and females , French version corresponding to Corsican Angelo , Angela ) .","However , given names for French citizens from immigrant communities are often from their own culture , such as Mohammed , Karim , Sa\u00efd , Toufik , Jorge , etc. for males , Fatima , Fatoumata , etc. for females .","Furthermore , in recent decades it has become common to use first names of English or other foreign origin , mainly in the popular classes of the society , such as Kevin , Enzo , or Anthony ( instead of Antoine in the upper classes ) for males ; for females , Jessica , Jennifer , Karine or Barbara ( instead of Barbe , now out - of - fashion , because it sounds exactly the same as barbe `` beard '' as in the expression la barbe !","`` What a drag !","\/","How boring ! '' ) .","Also , females are often given names like Jacqueline and G\u00e9raldine that are feminine forms of traditional common masculine French names ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7687184309393107629","input":"who began the religious change in england and who carried out the change over several years","passages":[{"title":"History of the Church of England","text":"Henry first asked for an annulment in 1527 . After various failed initiatives he stepped up the pressure on Rome , in the summer of 1529 , by compiling a manuscript from ancient sources arguing that , in law , spiritual supremacy rested with the monarch and also against the legality of Papal authority . In 1531 Henry first challenged the Pope when he demanded 100,000 pounds from the clergy in exchange for a royal pardon for what he called their illegal jurisdiction . He also demanded that the clergy should recognise him as their sole protector and supreme head . The church in England recognised Henry VIII as supreme head of the Church of England on 11 February 1531 . Nonetheless , he continued to seek a compromise with the Pope , but negotiations ( which had started in 1530 and ended in 1532 ) with the papal legate Antonio Giovanni da Burgio failed . Efforts by Henry to appeal to Jewish scholarship concerning the contours of levirate marriage were unavailing as well .","sentences":["Henry first asked for an annulment in 1527 .","After various failed initiatives he stepped up the pressure on Rome , in the summer of 1529 , by compiling a manuscript from ancient sources arguing that , in law , spiritual supremacy rested with the monarch and also against the legality of Papal authority .","In 1531 Henry first challenged the Pope when he demanded 100,000 pounds from the clergy in exchange for a royal pardon for what he called their illegal jurisdiction .","He also demanded that the clergy should recognise him as their sole protector and supreme head .","The church in England recognised Henry VIII as supreme head of the Church of England on 11 February 1531 .","Nonetheless , he continued to seek a compromise with the Pope , but negotiations ( which had started in 1530 and ended in 1532 ) with the papal legate Antonio Giovanni da Burgio failed .","Efforts by Henry to appeal to Jewish scholarship concerning the contours of levirate marriage were unavailing as well ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8972948090591213154","input":"who wants to be a millionaire mark labbett","passages":[{"title":"Mark Labbett","text":"Mastermind ( 1999 , 2000 ) -- contestant Countdown ( 2000 ) -- contestant Grand Slam ( 2003 ) -- contestant BrainTeaser ( 2004 ) -- contestant SUDO - Q ( 2005 ) -- contestant University Challenge -- contestant Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ? ( 2006 ) -- contestant The National Lottery People 's Quiz ( 2007 ) -- contestant Are You an Egghead ? ( 2008 ) -- contestant Only Connect ( 2009 ) -- contestant Sugar Free Farm ( 2016 ) -- participant Tipping Point : Lucky Stars ( 2016 ) -- contestant Let 's Sing and Dance for Comic Relief ( 2017 ) -- participant Celebrity Juice ( 2017 ) -- participant","sentences":["Mastermind ( 1999 , 2000 ) -- contestant Countdown ( 2000 ) -- contestant Grand Slam ( 2003 ) -- contestant BrainTeaser ( 2004 ) -- contestant SUDO - Q ( 2005 ) -- contestant University Challenge -- contestant Who Wants to Be a Millionaire ?","( 2006 ) --","contestant The National Lottery People 's Quiz ( 2007 ) --","contestant Are You an Egghead ?","( 2008 ) --","contestant Only Connect ( 2009 ) -- contestant Sugar Free Farm ( 2016 ) --","participant Tipping Point : Lucky Stars ( 2016 ) --","contestant Let 's Sing and Dance for Comic Relief ( 2017 ) --","participant Celebrity Juice ( 2017 ) -- participant"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7456031505648823140","input":"where is the artic ocean on a map","passages":[{"title":"Arctic Ocean","text":"In Norway , Kirkenes ( 69 \u00b0 43 \u2032 37 '' N 030 \u00b0 02 \u2032 44 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 69.72694 \u00b0 N 30.04556 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 69.72694 ; 30.04556 \ufeff ( Kirkenes ) ) and Vard\u00f8 ( 70 \u00b0 22 \u2032 14 '' N 031 \u00b0 06 \u2032 27 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 70.37056 \u00b0 N 31.10750 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 70.37056 ; 31.10750 \ufeff ( Vard\u00f8 ) ) are ports on the mainland . Also , there is Longyearbyen ( 78 \u00b0 13 \u2032 12 '' N 15 \u00b0 39 \u2032 00 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 78.22000 \u00b0 N 15.65000 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 78.22000 ; 15.65000 \ufeff ( Longyearbyen ) ) on Svalbard , a Norwegian archipelago , next to Fram Strait . Russia","sentences":["In Norway , Kirkenes ( 69 \u00b0 43 \u2032 37 '' N 030 \u00b0 02 \u2032 44 ''","E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 69.72694 \u00b0 N 30.04556 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 69.72694 ; 30.04556 \ufeff ( Kirkenes ) ) and Vard\u00f8 ( 70 \u00b0 22 \u2032 14 ''","N 031 \u00b0 06","\u2032 27 '' E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 70.37056 \u00b0 N 31.10750 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 70.37056 ; 31.10750 \ufeff ( Vard\u00f8 ) ) are ports on the mainland .","Also , there is Longyearbyen ( 78 \u00b0 13 \u2032 12 ''","N 15 \u00b0 39 \u2032 00 ''","E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 78.22000 \u00b0 N 15.65000 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 78.22000 ; 15.65000 \ufeff ( Longyearbyen ) ) on Svalbard , a Norwegian archipelago , next to Fram Strait .","Russia"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-86855138610988231","input":"what is the story of ganesha the elephant god","passages":[{"title":"Ganesha","text":"Ganesha appears in Mahayana Buddhism , not only in the form of the Buddhist god Vin\u0101yaka , but also as a Hindu demon form with the same name . His image appears in Buddhist sculptures during the late Gupta period . As the Buddhist god Vin\u0101yaka , he is often shown dancing . This form , called N\u1e5btta Ganapati , was popular in northern India , later adopted in Nepal , and then in Tibet . In Nepal , the Hindu form of Ganesha , known as Heramba , is popular ; he has five heads and rides a lion . Tibetan representations of Ganesha show ambivalent views of him . A Tibetan rendering of Ganapati is tshogs bdag . In one Tibetan form , he is shown being trodden under foot by Mah\u0101k\u0101la , ( Shiva ) a popular Tibetan deity . Other depictions show him as the Destroyer of Obstacles , and sometimes dancing . Ganesha appears in China and Japan in forms that show distinct regional character . In northern China , the earliest known stone statue of Ganesha carries an inscription dated to 531 . In Japan , where Ganesha is known as Kangiten , the Ganesha cult was first mentioned in 806 . Ganesha","sentences":["Ganesha appears in Mahayana Buddhism , not only in the form of the Buddhist god Vin\u0101yaka , but also as a Hindu demon form with the same name .","His image appears in Buddhist sculptures during the late Gupta period .","As the Buddhist god Vin\u0101yaka , he is often shown dancing .","This form , called N\u1e5btta Ganapati , was popular in northern India , later adopted in Nepal , and then in Tibet .","In Nepal , the Hindu form of Ganesha , known as Heramba , is popular ; he has five heads and rides a lion .","Tibetan representations of Ganesha show ambivalent views of him .","A Tibetan rendering of Ganapati is tshogs bdag .","In one Tibetan form , he is shown being trodden under foot by Mah\u0101k\u0101la , ( Shiva ) a popular Tibetan deity .","Other depictions show him as the Destroyer of Obstacles , and sometimes dancing .","Ganesha appears in China and Japan in forms that show distinct regional character .","In northern China , the earliest known stone statue of Ganesha carries an inscription dated to 531 .","In Japan , where Ganesha is known as Kangiten , the Ganesha cult was first mentioned in 806 .","Ganesha"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"571298477117148317","input":"how do you say i like to play video games in french","passages":[{"title":"Glossary of video game terms","text":"1 - up An object that gives the player an extra life ( or try ) in games where players have a number of chances to complete a game or level . 1CC Abbreviation of `` one credit clear '' or `` one coin completion '' . The act of completing an arcade game without using more than one credit ( i.e. credit - feeding ) , although it can also be applied to any console or PC game that uses some form of continue s ( the term `` no continue clear '' is sometime used in such instances ) . The term `` 1LC '' ( one life completion ) or `` no miss clear '' are used instead when completing a game without losing a life as well ( if the game has lives ) . This can be further extended into a `` no damage clear '' or `` no damage completion '' in games where the player - character has a health gauge . Some arcade games offer special ending sequences or challenges when the player achieves a 1CC . 1v1 Abbreviation of 1 versus 1 , which means two players battling against each other . See player versus player . 2D graphics Graphic rendering technique of a two - dimensional perspective , often using sprites . 2.5 D graphics Graphic rendering technique of three - dimensional objects set in a two - dimensional plane of movement . 3D graphics Graphic rendering technique featuring three - dimensional objects . 4X A genre of strategic video games , short for `` explore , expand , exploit , and exterminate '' . 8 - bit A descriptor for hardware or software that arose during the third generation of video game consoles , targeting 8 - bit computer architecture . 16 - bit A descriptor for hardware or software that arose during the fourth generation of video game consoles , targeting 16 - bit computer architecture . 32 - bit A descriptor for hardware or software that arose during the fifth generation of video game consoles , targeting 32 - bit computer architecture . 64 - bit A descriptor for hardware or software that arose during the fifth generation of video game consoles , targeting 64 - bit computer architecture .","sentences":["1 - up An object that gives the player an extra life ( or try ) in games where players have a number of chances to complete a game or level .","1CC Abbreviation of `` one credit clear '' or `` one coin completion '' .","The act of completing an arcade game without using more than one credit ( i.e. credit - feeding ) , although it can also be applied to any console or PC game that uses some form of continue s ( the term `` no continue clear '' is sometime used in such instances ) .","The term `` 1LC '' ( one life completion ) or `` no miss clear '' are used instead when completing a game without losing a life as well ( if the game has lives ) .","This can be further extended into a `` no damage clear '' or `` no damage completion '' in games where the player - character has a health gauge .","Some arcade games offer special ending sequences or challenges when the player achieves a 1CC .","1v1 Abbreviation of 1 versus 1 , which means two players battling against each other .","See player versus player .","2D graphics Graphic rendering technique of a two - dimensional perspective , often using sprites .","2.5 D graphics Graphic rendering technique of three - dimensional objects set in a two - dimensional plane of movement .","3D graphics Graphic rendering technique featuring three - dimensional objects .","4X A genre of strategic video games , short for `` explore , expand , exploit , and exterminate '' .","8 - bit A descriptor for hardware or software that arose during the third generation of video game consoles , targeting 8 - bit computer architecture .","16 - bit A descriptor for hardware or software that arose during the fourth generation of video game consoles , targeting 16 - bit computer architecture .","32 - bit A descriptor for hardware or software that arose during the fifth generation of video game consoles , targeting 32 - bit computer architecture .","64 - bit A descriptor for hardware or software that arose during the fifth generation of video game consoles , targeting 64 - bit computer architecture ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2360209745077681502","input":"who is opening for fall out boy 2018","passages":[{"title":"Mania Tour","text":"Average Setlist `` The Phoenix '' `` Irresistible '' `` Hum Hallelujah '' `` Sugar , We 're Goin Down '' `` Immortals '' `` American Beauty \/ American Psycho '' `` Centuries '' `` Save Rock and Roll '' `` The Last of the Real Ones '' `` Young and Menace '' `` Dance , Dance '' `` Wilson ( Expensive Mistakes ) '' `` Thnks fr th Mmrs '' `` Hold Me Tight or Do n't '' `` I Do n't Care '' `` This Ai n't a Scene , It 's an Arms Race '' `` Grand Theft Autumn \/ Where Is Your Boy '' `` Champion '' Encore `` Thriller '' `` Uma Thurman '' `` My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) '' `` Saturday '' Song Album `` Saturday '' Take This To Your Grave `` Grand Theft Autumn \/ Where Is Your Boy '' `` Chicago Is So Two Years Ago '' `` Sugar , We 're Going Down '' From Under The Cork Tree `` Dance , Dance '' `` Thriller '' Infinity On High `` This Ai n't a Scene , It 's An Arms Race '' `` Hum Hallelujah '' `` Thnks Fr Th Mmrs '' `` Beat It '' `` I Do n't Care '' Folie \u00e0 Deux `` Disloyal Order of Water Buffaloes '' `` The Phoenix '' Save Rock and Roll `` My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) '' `` Alone Together '' `` Young Volcanoes '' `` Save Rock and Roll '' `` Irresistible '' American Beauty \/ American Psycho `` American Beauty \/ American Psycho '' `` Centuries '' `` The Kids Are n't Alright '' `` Uma Thurman '' `` Jet Pack Blues '' `` Immortals '' `` Stay Frosty Royal Milk Tea '' MANIA `` The Last of the Real Ones '' `` Hold Me Tight or Do n't '' `` Wilson ( Expensive Mistakes ) '' `` Church '' `` Champion '' `` Young and Menace '' Tour dates ( edit ) List of concerts , showing date , city , country , venue , opening acts , tickets sold , amount of available tickets and gross revenue Date City Country Venue Opening acts Attendance Revenue North America September 16 , 2017 Chicago United States House of Blues Chicago N \/ A N \/ A N \/ A South America September 21 , 2017 Rio de Janeiro Brazil Barra Olympic Park N \/ A N \/ A N \/ A Leg 1 -- North America October 20 , 2017 Cleveland United States Quicken Loans Arena Blackbear Jaden Smith N \/ A N \/ A October 21 , 2017 St. Louis Scottrade Center October 22 , 2017 Saint Paul Xcel Energy Center October 24 , 2017 Detroit Little Caesars Arena October 25 , 2017 Toronto Canada Air Canada Centre 8,614 \/ 8,614 $456,337 October 27 , 2017 Boston United States TD Garden N \/ A N \/ A October 28 , 2017 Brooklyn Barclays Center 12,140 \/ 12,140 $821,961 October 29 , 2017 Philadelphia Wells Fargo Center N \/ A N \/ A November 2 , 2017 Fairfax EagleBank Arena November 3 , 2017 Charlotte Spectrum Center November 4 , 2017 Atlanta Philips Arena 9,309 \/ 11,586 $596,464 November 5 , 2017 Tampa Amalie Arena N \/ A N \/ A November 7 , 2017 Houston Toyota Center November 8 , 2017 Dallas American Airlines Center 8,177 \/ 12,560 $479,874 November 10 , 2017 Denver Pepsi Center N \/ A N \/ A November 12 , 2017 Seattle KeyArena November 14 , 2017 Oakland Oracle Arena 7,262 \/ 7,262 $431,860 November 15 , 2017 San Diego Viejas Arena N \/ A N \/ A November 17 , 2017 Inglewood The Forum November 18 , 2017 Phoenix Talking Stick Resort Arena Leg 2 -- Europe January 8 , 2018 Berlin Germany Lido N \/ A N \/ A N \/ A January 10 , 2018 Stockholm Sweden Debaser January 11 , 2018 London England Electric Brixton Leg 3 -- Oceania February 28 , 2018 Brisbane Australia Riverstage WAAX -- -- March 2 , 2018 Sydney Qudos Bank Arena 11,264 \/ 11,904 $870,800 March 3 , 2018 Melbourne Margaret Court Arena -- -- March 5 , 2018 Red Hill Red Hill Auditorium -- -- March 7 , 2018 Henderson New Zealand The Trusts Arena Openside -- -- Leg 4 -- Europe March 27 , 2018 Birmingham England Arena Birmingham Against the Current MAX -- -- March 28 , 2018 Cardiff Wales Motorpoint Arena Cardiff -- -- March 29 , 2018 Manchester England Manchester Arena -- -- March 31 , 2018 London The O Arena -- -- April 3 , 2018 Paris France Z\u00e9nith Paris -- -- April 4 , 2018 Amsterdam Netherlands AFAS Live -- -- April 6 , 2018 Berlin Germany Max - Schmeling - Halle -- -- April 7 , 2018 Hamburg Mehr ! Theater -- -- April 8 , 2018 Munich Zenith Munich -- -- April 10 , 2018 D\u00fcsseldorf Mitsubishi Electric Halle -- -- April 12 , 2018 Brussels Belgium Forest National -- -- Leg 5 -- Asia April 24 , 2018 Osaka Japan Zepp Osaka Bayside Fear , and Loathing in Las Vegas -- -- April 25 , 2018 April 26 , 2018 Tokyo Nippon Budokan My First Story -- -- April 28 , 2018 Nagoya Zepp Nagoya TBA -- -- April 30 , 2018 Singapore Zepp@BIGBOX -- -- May 2 , 2018 Shanghai China Mercedes - Benz Arena -- -- May 4 , 2018 Shenzhen Shenzhen Bay Sports Center -- -- May 7 , 2018 Beijing Cadillac Arena -- -- Europe August 24 , 2018 Reading England Little John 's Farm N \/ A N \/ A N \/ A August 25 , 2018 Leeds Bramham Park Leg 6 -- North America August 29 , 2018 Uniondale United States Nassau Coliseum Machine Gun Kelly -- -- August 31 , 2018 Uncasville Mohegan Sun Arena -- -- September 1 , 2018 Hershey Hersheypark Stadium -- -- September 2 , 2018 Buffalo KeyBank Center -- -- September 4 , 2018 Newark Prudential Center -- -- September 5 , 2018 Pittsburgh PPG Paints Arena -- -- September 6 , 2018 Grand Rapids Van Andel Arena -- -- September 8 , 2018 Chicago Wrigley Field Rise Against Machine Gun Kelly -- -- September 9 , 2018 Columbus Nationwide Arena Machine Gun Kelly -- -- September 11 , 2018 Nashville Bridgestone Arena -- -- September 12 , 2018 Louisville KFC Yum ! Center -- -- September 14 , 2018 Greensboro Greensboro Coliseum -- -- September 16 , 2018 Orlando Amway Center -- -- September 21 , 2018 Kansas City Sprint Center -- -- September 22 , 2018 Oklahoma City Chesapeake Energy Arena -- -- September 23 , 2018 Austin Frank Erwin Center -- -- September 25 , 2018 El Paso Don Haskins Center -- -- September 26 , 2018 Tucson Tucson Arena -- -- September 28 , 2018 Las Vegas MGM Grand Garden Arena -- -- September 29 , 2018 Anaheim Honda Center -- -- September 30 , 2018 San Jose SAP Center -- -- October 2 , 2018 Boise Taco Bell Arena -- -- October 3 , 2018 Salt Lake City Vivint Smart Home Arena -- -- October 5 , 2018 Lincoln Pinnacle Bank Arena -- -- October 6 , 2018 Des Moines Wells Fargo Arena -- -- October 7 . 2018 Indianapolis Bankers Life Fieldhouse -- -- October 9 , 2018 North Little Rock Verizon Arena -- -- October 10 , 2018 New Orleans Smoothie King Center -- -- Total -- -- Notes ( edit ) Jump up ^ The show on September 21 , 2017 , in Rio de Janeiro is a part of the Rock in Rio festival . ^ Jump up to : The shows on August 24 and 25 , in Reading and Leeds are part of the Reading and Leeds Festival . References ( edit ) ^ Jump up to : `` Tour '' . Fall Out Boy 's Official Website. April 27 , 2017 . Retrieved April 28 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Spanos , Brittany ( April 27 , 2017 ) . `` Fall Out Boy Preview New LP ' Mania ' With Sinister ' Young and Menace ' Video '' . Rolling Stone . Retrieved July 14 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Gogia , Nikhail ( April 27 , 2017 ) . `` Fall Out Boy announce headlining tour '' . Alternative Press . Retrieved July 14 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Fall Out Boy Announce 2018 Australian Tour Dates '' . Music Feeds . July 13 , 2017 . Retrieved July 14 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Rachel George ( January 19 , 2018 ) . `` Fall Out Boy Announce Massive Home Town Show at Wrigley Field During Mania Tour '' . Billboard . Retrieved February 5 , 2018 . Jump up ^ North American boxscore : `` Current Boxscore '' . Billboard . Archived from the original on November 15 , 2017 . Retrieved November 22 , 2017 . `` Current Boxscore '' . Billboard . Archived from the original on November 22 , 2017 . Retrieved November 22 , 2017 . Fall Out Boy Patrick Stump Pete Wentz Joe Trohman Andy Hurley Ben Rose Mike Pareskuwicz T.J. Kunasch Brandon Hamm Studio albums Take This to Your Grave From Under the Cork Tree Infinity on High Folie \u00e0 Deux Save Rock and Roll American Beauty \/ American Psycho Mania Extended plays Project Rocket \/ Fall Out Boy My Heart Will Always Be the B - Side to My Tongue Leaked in London America 's Suitehearts : Remixed , Retouched , Rehabbed and Retoxed PAX AM Days Llamania Lake Effect Kid Live albums Live in Phoenix Compilation albums Believers Never Die -- Greatest Hits Remix albums Make America Psycho Again Demo albums Fall Out Boy 's Evening Out with Your Girlfriend Singles `` Dead on Arrival '' `` Grand Theft Autumn \/ Where Is Your Boy '' `` Saturday '' `` Sugar , We 're Goin Down '' `` Dance , Dance '' `` A Little Less Sixteen Candles , a Little More `` Touch Me '' '' `` The Carpal Tunnel of Love '' `` This Ai n't a Scene , It 's an Arms Race '' `` Thnks fr th Mmrs '' `` '' The Take Over , the Breaks Over `` '' `` I 'm Like a Lawyer with the Way I 'm Always Trying to Get You Off ( Me & You ) '' `` Beat It '' `` I Do n't Care '' `` America 's Suitehearts '' `` Headfirst Slide into Cooperstown on a Bad Bet '' `` What a Catch , Donnie '' `` My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) '' `` The Phoenix '' `` Alone Together '' `` Young Volcanoes '' `` Centuries '' `` Immortals '' `` American Beauty \/ American Psycho '' `` The Kids Are n't Alright '' `` Uma Thurman '' `` Irresistible '' `` Ghostbusters ( I 'm Not Afraid ) '' `` Young and Menace '' `` Champion '' `` The Last of the Real Ones '' `` Hold Me Tight or Do n't '' Concert tours Honda Civic Tour 2007 Young Wild Things Tour Believers Never Die Tour Part Deux Monumentour American Beauty \/ American Psycho Tour Wintour is Coming The Mania Tour Related articles Discography List of songs Arma Angelus Where Sleeplessness Is Rest from Nightmares Racetraitor The Damned Things Black Cards Welcome to the New Administration Fall Out Toy Works The Young Blood Chronicles Retrieved","sentences":["Average Setlist `` The Phoenix '' `` Irresistible '' `` Hum Hallelujah '' `` Sugar , We 're Goin Down '' `` Immortals '' `` American Beauty \/ American Psycho '' `` Centuries '' `` Save Rock and Roll '' `` The Last of the Real Ones '' `` Young and Menace '' `` Dance , Dance '' `` Wilson ( Expensive Mistakes ) ''","`` Thnks fr th Mmrs '' `` Hold Me Tight or Do n't '' `` I Do n't Care '' `` This Ai n't a Scene , It 's an Arms Race '' `` Grand Theft Autumn \/ Where Is Your Boy '' `` Champion '' Encore `` Thriller '' `` Uma Thurman '' `` My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) ''","`` Saturday '' Song Album `` Saturday '' Take This To Your Grave `` Grand Theft Autumn \/ Where Is Your Boy '' `` Chicago Is So Two Years Ago '' `` Sugar , We 're Going Down '' From Under The Cork Tree `` Dance , Dance '' `` Thriller '' Infinity On High `` This Ai n't a Scene , It 's An Arms Race '' `` Hum Hallelujah '' `` Thnks Fr Th Mmrs '' `` Beat It '' `` I Do n't Care ''","Folie \u00e0 Deux `` Disloyal Order of Water Buffaloes '' `` The Phoenix '' Save Rock and Roll `` My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) ''","`` Alone Together '' `` Young Volcanoes '' `` Save Rock and Roll '' `` Irresistible '' American Beauty \/ American Psycho `` American Beauty \/ American Psycho '' `` Centuries '' `` The Kids Are n't Alright '' `` Uma Thurman '' `` Jet Pack Blues '' `` Immortals '' `` Stay Frosty Royal Milk Tea '' MANIA `` The Last of the Real Ones '' `` Hold Me Tight or Do n't '' `` Wilson ( Expensive Mistakes ) ''","`` Church '' `` Champion '' `` Young and Menace '' Tour dates ( edit ) List of concerts , showing date , city , country , venue , opening acts , tickets sold , amount of available tickets and gross revenue Date City Country Venue Opening acts Attendance Revenue North America September 16 , 2017 Chicago United States House of Blues Chicago N \/ A N \/ A N \/ A South America September 21 , 2017 Rio de Janeiro Brazil Barra Olympic Park N \/ A","N \/ A","N \/ A Leg 1 -- North America October 20 , 2017 Cleveland United States Quicken Loans Arena Blackbear Jaden Smith N \/ A N \/ A October 21 , 2017 St. Louis Scottrade Center October 22 , 2017 Saint Paul Xcel Energy Center October 24 , 2017 Detroit Little Caesars Arena October 25 , 2017 Toronto Canada Air Canada Centre 8,614 \/ 8,614 $456,337 October 27 , 2017 Boston United States TD Garden","N \/ A N \/ A October 28 , 2017 Brooklyn Barclays Center 12,140 \/ 12,140 $821,961 October 29 , 2017 Philadelphia Wells Fargo Center","N \/ A","N \/ A November 2 , 2017 Fairfax EagleBank Arena November 3 , 2017 Charlotte Spectrum Center November 4 , 2017 Atlanta Philips Arena 9,309 \/ 11,586 $596,464 November 5 , 2017","Tampa Amalie Arena N \/ A","N \/ A November 7 , 2017 Houston Toyota Center November 8 , 2017 Dallas American Airlines Center 8,177 \/ 12,560 $479,874 November 10 , 2017 Denver Pepsi Center N \/ A N","\/ A November 12 , 2017 Seattle KeyArena November 14 , 2017 Oakland Oracle","Arena 7,262 \/ 7,262 $431,860 November 15 , 2017 San Diego Viejas Arena N \/ A","N \/ A November 17 , 2017","Inglewood The Forum November 18 , 2017 Phoenix Talking Stick Resort Arena Leg 2 -- Europe January 8 , 2018 Berlin Germany Lido N \/","A N \/ A N \/ A January 10 , 2018 Stockholm Sweden Debaser January 11 , 2018 London England Electric Brixton Leg 3 -- Oceania February 28 , 2018 Brisbane Australia Riverstage WAAX -- -- March 2 , 2018 Sydney Qudos Bank Arena 11,264 \/ 11,904 $870,800 March 3 , 2018 Melbourne Margaret Court Arena -- -- March 5 , 2018 Red Hill Red Hill Auditorium -- -- March 7 , 2018 Henderson New Zealand","The Trusts Arena Openside -- -- Leg 4 -- Europe March 27 , 2018 Birmingham England Arena Birmingham Against the Current MAX -- -- March 28 , 2018 Cardiff Wales Motorpoint Arena Cardiff -- -- March 29 , 2018 Manchester England Manchester Arena -- -- March 31 , 2018","London The O","Arena -- -- April 3 , 2018 Paris France Z\u00e9nith Paris -- -- April 4 , 2018 Amsterdam Netherlands AFAS Live -- -- April 6 , 2018 Berlin Germany Max - Schmeling - Halle -- -- April 7 , 2018 Hamburg Mehr !","Theater -- -- April 8 , 2018 Munich Zenith Munich -- -- April 10 , 2018 D\u00fcsseldorf Mitsubishi Electric Halle -- -- April 12 , 2018 Brussels Belgium Forest National -- -- Leg 5 -- Asia April 24 , 2018 Osaka Japan Zepp Osaka Bayside Fear , and Loathing in Las Vegas -- -- April 25 , 2018 April 26 , 2018 Tokyo Nippon Budokan","My First Story -- -- April 28 , 2018 Nagoya Zepp Nagoya TBA -- -- April 30 , 2018 Singapore Zepp@BIGBOX -- -- May 2 , 2018 Shanghai China Mercedes - Benz Arena -- -- May 4 , 2018 Shenzhen Shenzhen Bay Sports Center -- -- May 7 , 2018 Beijing Cadillac Arena -- -- Europe August 24 , 2018 Reading England","Little John 's Farm N \/ A N \/ A N","\/ A August 25 , 2018 Leeds Bramham Park Leg 6 -- North America August 29 , 2018 Uniondale United States Nassau Coliseum Machine Gun Kelly -- -- August 31 , 2018 Uncasville Mohegan Sun Arena -- -- September 1 , 2018","Hershey Hersheypark Stadium -- -- September 2 , 2018 Buffalo KeyBank Center -- -- September 4 , 2018 Newark Prudential Center -- -- September 5 , 2018 Pittsburgh PPG Paints Arena -- -- September 6 , 2018 Grand Rapids Van Andel Arena -- -- September 8 , 2018 Chicago Wrigley Field Rise Against Machine Gun Kelly -- -- September 9 , 2018 Columbus Nationwide Arena Machine Gun Kelly -- -- September 11 , 2018","Nashville Bridgestone Arena -- -- September 12 , 2018 Louisville KFC Yum !","Center -- -- September 14 , 2018 Greensboro Greensboro Coliseum -- -- September 16 , 2018 Orlando Amway Center -- -- September 21 , 2018 Kansas City Sprint Center -- -- September 22 , 2018 Oklahoma City Chesapeake Energy Arena -- -- September 23 , 2018 Austin Frank Erwin Center -- -- September 25 , 2018 El Paso Don Haskins Center -- -- September 26 , 2018 Tucson Tucson Arena -- -- September 28 , 2018 Las Vegas MGM Grand Garden Arena -- -- September 29 , 2018 Anaheim Honda Center -- -- September 30 , 2018 San Jose SAP Center -- -- October 2 , 2018 Boise Taco Bell Arena -- -- October 3 , 2018 Salt Lake City Vivint Smart Home Arena -- -- October 5 , 2018 Lincoln Pinnacle Bank Arena -- -- October 6 , 2018 Des Moines Wells Fargo Arena -- -- October 7 .","2018","Indianapolis Bankers Life Fieldhouse -- -- October 9 , 2018 North Little Rock Verizon Arena -- -- October 10 , 2018 New Orleans Smoothie King Center -- -- Total -- -- Notes ( edit )","Jump up ^","The show on September 21 , 2017 , in Rio de Janeiro is a part of the Rock in Rio festival .","^","Jump up to : The shows on August 24 and 25 , in Reading and Leeds are part of the Reading and Leeds Festival .","References ( edit ) ^","Jump up to : `` Tour '' .","Fall Out Boy 's Official Website.","April 27 , 2017 .","Retrieved April 28 , 2017 .","Jump up ^","Spanos , Brittany ( April 27 , 2017 ) .","`` Fall Out Boy Preview New LP ' Mania ' With Sinister ' Young and Menace ' Video '' .","Rolling Stone .","Retrieved July 14 , 2017 .","Jump up ^","Gogia , Nikhail ( April 27 , 2017 ) .","`` Fall Out Boy announce headlining tour '' .","Alternative Press .","Retrieved July 14 , 2017 .","Jump up ^ `` Fall Out Boy Announce 2018 Australian Tour Dates '' .","Music Feeds .","July 13 , 2017 .","Retrieved July 14 , 2017 .","Jump up ^","Rachel George ( January 19 , 2018 ) .","`` Fall Out Boy Announce Massive Home Town Show at Wrigley Field During Mania Tour '' .","Billboard .","Retrieved February 5 , 2018 .","Jump up ^","North American boxscore : `` Current Boxscore '' .","Billboard .","Archived from the original on November 15 , 2017 .","Retrieved November 22 , 2017 .","`` Current Boxscore '' .","Billboard .","Archived from the original on November 22 , 2017 .","Retrieved November 22 , 2017 .","Fall Out Boy Patrick Stump Pete Wentz","Joe Trohman Andy Hurley Ben Rose Mike Pareskuwicz T.J. Kunasch Brandon Hamm Studio albums Take This to Your Grave From Under the Cork Tree Infinity on High Folie \u00e0 Deux Save Rock and Roll American Beauty \/ American Psycho Mania Extended plays Project Rocket \/ Fall Out","Boy My Heart Will Always Be the B - Side to My Tongue Leaked in London America 's Suitehearts : Remixed , Retouched , Rehabbed and Retoxed PAX AM Days","Llamania Lake Effect Kid Live albums Live in Phoenix Compilation albums Believers Never Die -- Greatest Hits Remix albums Make America Psycho Again Demo albums Fall Out","Boy 's Evening Out with Your Girlfriend Singles `` Dead on Arrival '' `` Grand Theft Autumn \/","Where Is Your Boy '' `` Saturday '' `` Sugar , We 're Goin Down '' `` Dance , Dance '' `` A Little Less Sixteen Candles , a Little More `` Touch Me '' ''","`` The Carpal Tunnel of Love '' `` This Ai n't a Scene , It 's an Arms Race '' `` Thnks fr th Mmrs '' `` '' The Take Over , the Breaks Over `` '' `` I 'm Like a Lawyer with the Way I 'm Always Trying to Get You Off ( Me & You ) ''","`` Beat It '' `` I Do n't Care '' `` America 's Suitehearts '' `` Headfirst Slide into Cooperstown on a Bad Bet '' `` What a Catch , Donnie '' `` My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark ( Light Em Up ) ''","`` The Phoenix '' `` Alone Together '' `` Young Volcanoes '' `` Centuries '' `` Immortals '' `` American Beauty \/ American Psycho '' `` The Kids Are n't Alright '' `` Uma Thurman '' `` Irresistible '' `` Ghostbusters ( I 'm Not Afraid ) ''","`` Young and Menace '' `` Champion '' `` The Last of the Real Ones '' `` Hold Me Tight or Do n't '' Concert tours Honda Civic Tour 2007 Young Wild Things Tour Believers Never Die Tour Part Deux Monumentour American Beauty \/ American Psycho Tour Wintour is Coming The Mania Tour Related articles Discography List of songs Arma Angelus Where Sleeplessness Is Rest from Nightmares Racetraitor","The Damned Things Black Cards Welcome to the New Administration Fall Out Toy Works","The Young Blood Chronicles Retrieved"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3503075962441387438","input":"how can we use exclusive-or to convert the binary number of into gray code","passages":[{"title":"Gray code","text":"Norman B. Spedding , however , registered a patent in 1994 with several examples showing that it was possible . Although it is not possible to distinguish 2 positions with n sensors on a single track , it is possible to distinguish close to that many . For example , when n is itself a power of 2 , n sensors can distinguish 2 \u2212 2n positions . Hiltgen and Paterson published a paper in 2001 exhibiting a single - track Gray code with exactly 360 angular positions , constructed using 9 sensors . Since this number is larger than 2 = 256 , more than 8 sensors are required by any code , although a BRGC could distinguish 512 positions with 9 sensors . An STGC for P = 30 and n = 5 is reproduced here : Single","sentences":["Norman B. Spedding , however , registered a patent in 1994 with several examples showing that it was possible .","Although it is not possible to distinguish 2 positions with n sensors on a single track , it is possible to distinguish close to that many .","For example , when n is itself a power of 2 , n sensors can distinguish 2 \u2212 2n positions .","Hiltgen and Paterson published a paper in 2001 exhibiting a single - track Gray code with exactly 360 angular positions , constructed using 9 sensors .","Since this number is larger than 2 = 256 , more than 8 sensors are required by any code , although a BRGC could distinguish 512 positions with 9 sensors .","An STGC for P = 30 and n = 5 is reproduced here : Single"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3806598477451619908","input":"who said dream as if you'll live forever","passages":[{"title":"James Dean","text":"While at UCLA , Dean dated Beverly Wills , an actress with CBS , and Jeanette Lewis , a classmate . Bast and Dean often double - dated with them . Wills began dating Dean alone , later telling Bast , `` Bill , there 's something we have to tell you . It 's Jimmy and me . I mean , we 're in love . '' They broke up after Dean `` exploded '' when another man asked her to dance while they were at a function : `` Jimmy saw red . He grabbed the fellow by the collar and threatened to blacken both of his eyes , '' she said . Dean had also remained in contact with his girlfriend in New York , Barbara Glenn , whom he dated for two years . Their love letters sold at auction in 2011 for $36,000 .","sentences":["While at UCLA , Dean dated Beverly Wills , an actress with CBS , and Jeanette Lewis , a classmate .","Bast and Dean often double - dated with them .","Wills began dating Dean alone , later telling Bast , `` Bill , there 's something we have to tell you .","It 's Jimmy and me .","I mean , we 're in love . ''","They broke up after Dean `` exploded '' when another man asked her to dance while they were at a function : `` Jimmy saw red .","He grabbed the fellow by the collar and threatened to blacken both of his eyes , '' she said .","Dean had also remained in contact with his girlfriend in New York , Barbara Glenn , whom he dated for two years .","Their love letters sold at auction in 2011 for $36,000 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8124083224589667082","input":"when did the royal family moved into buckingham palace","passages":[{"title":"Buckingham Palace","text":"Smaller ceremonies such as the reception of new ambassadors take place in the `` 1844 Room '' . Here too , the Queen holds small lunch parties , and often meetings of the Privy Council . Larger lunch parties often take place in the curved and domed Music Room , or the State Dining Room . Since the bombing of the palace chapel in World War II , royal christenings have sometimes taken place in the Music Room . The Queen 's first three children were all baptised there . On all formal occasions , the ceremonies are attended by the Yeomen of the Guard in their historic uniforms , and other officers of the court such as the Lord Chamberlain .","sentences":["Smaller ceremonies such as the reception of new ambassadors take place in the `` 1844 Room '' .","Here too , the Queen holds small lunch parties , and often meetings of the Privy Council .","Larger lunch parties often take place in the curved and domed Music Room , or the State Dining Room .","Since the bombing of the palace chapel in World War II , royal christenings have sometimes taken place in the Music Room .","The Queen 's first three children were all baptised there .","On all formal occasions , the ceremonies are attended by the Yeomen of the Guard in their historic uniforms , and other officers of the court such as the Lord Chamberlain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6876453589915823366","input":"what are the lines on clay tennis courts made of","passages":[{"title":"Clay court","text":"Week ATP WTA Week 1 Grand Prix Hassan II ( Casablanca , Morocco ) U.S. Men 's Clay Court Championships ( Houston , United States ) Charleston Open ( Charleston , South Carolina , United States ) Week 2 Monte - Carlo Masters ( Roquebrune - Cap - Martin , France ) Copa Colsanitas ( Bogot\u00e1 , Colombia ) Week 3 Barcelona Open ( Barcelona , Spain ) Hungarian Open ( Budapest , Hungary ) Women 's Stuttgart Open ( Stuttgart , Germany ) Week 4 Bavarian International Tennis Championships ( Munich , Germany ) Estoril Open ( Estoril , Portugal ) Istanbul Open ( Istanbul , Turkey ) Marrakech Grand Prix ( Marrakesh , Morocco ) Sparta Prague Open ( Prague , Czech Republic ) Week 5 Madrid Open ( Madrid , Spain ) Week 6 Italian Open ( Rome , Italy ) Week 7 Geneva Open ( Geneva , Switzerland ) Open de Nice C\u00f4te d'Azur ( Nice , France ) Internationaux de Strasbourg ( Strasbourg , France ) Nuremberg Cup ( Nuremberg , Germany ) Week 8 French Open ( Paris , France ) Week 9","sentences":["Week ATP WTA Week 1","Grand Prix Hassan II ( Casablanca , Morocco )","U.S. Men 's Clay Court Championships ( Houston , United States )","Charleston Open ( Charleston , South Carolina , United States )","Week 2 Monte - Carlo Masters ( Roquebrune - Cap - Martin , France )","Copa Colsanitas ( Bogot\u00e1 , Colombia )","Week 3 Barcelona Open ( Barcelona , Spain )","Hungarian Open ( Budapest , Hungary )","Women 's Stuttgart Open ( Stuttgart , Germany )","Week 4 Bavarian International Tennis Championships ( Munich , Germany )","Estoril Open ( Estoril , Portugal )","Istanbul Open ( Istanbul , Turkey )","Marrakech Grand Prix ( Marrakesh , Morocco ) Sparta Prague Open ( Prague , Czech Republic )","Week 5","Madrid Open ( Madrid , Spain )","Week 6 Italian Open ( Rome , Italy )","Week 7 Geneva Open ( Geneva , Switzerland )","Open de Nice C\u00f4te d'Azur ( Nice , France )","Internationaux de Strasbourg ( Strasbourg , France )","Nuremberg Cup ( Nuremberg , Germany )","Week 8 French Open ( Paris , France )","Week 9"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7005534835966871302","input":"summary of comedy of errors in simple english","passages":[{"title":"The Comedy of Errors","text":"Antipholus of Ephesus returns home for dinner and is enraged to find that he is rudely refused entry to his own house by Dromio of Syracuse , who is keeping the gate . He is ready to break down the door , but his friends persuade him not to make a scene . He decides , instead , to dine with a courtesan . Inside the house , Antipholus of Syracuse discovers that he is very attracted to his `` wife 's '' sister , Luciana of Smyrna , telling her `` train me not , sweet mermaid , with thy note \/ To drown me in thy sister 's flood of tears . '' She is flattered by his attentions , but worried about their moral implications . After she exits , Dromio of Syracuse announces that he has discovered that he has a wife : Nell , a hideous kitchen - maid . He describes her as `` spherical , like a globe ; I could find out countries in her '' . Antipholus jokingly asks him to identify the countries , leading to a witty exchange in which parts of her body are identified with nations . Ireland is her buttocks : `` I found it out by the bogs '' . He claims he has discovered America and the Indies `` upon her nose all o'er embellished with rubies , carbuncles , sapphires , declining their rich aspect to the hot breath of Spain ; who sent whole armadoes of caracks to be ballast at her nose . '' ( This is one of Shakespeare 's few references to America . ) The Syracusans decide to leave as soon as possible , and Dromio runs off to make travel plans . Antipholus of Syracuse is apprehended by Angelo of Ephesus , a goldsmith , who claims that he ordered a chain from him . Antipholus is forced to accept the chain , and Angelo says that he will return for payment . An","sentences":["Antipholus of Ephesus returns home for dinner and is enraged to find that he is rudely refused entry to his own house by Dromio of Syracuse , who is keeping the gate .","He is ready to break down the door , but his friends persuade him not to make a scene .","He decides , instead , to dine with a courtesan .","Inside the house , Antipholus of Syracuse discovers that he is very attracted to his `` wife 's '' sister , Luciana of Smyrna , telling her `` train me not , sweet mermaid , with thy note \/ To drown me in thy sister 's flood of tears . ''","She is flattered by his attentions , but worried about their moral implications .","After she exits , Dromio of Syracuse announces that he has discovered that he has a wife :","Nell , a hideous kitchen - maid .","He describes her as `` spherical , like a globe ; I could find out countries in her '' .","Antipholus jokingly asks him to identify the countries , leading to a witty exchange in which parts of her body are identified with nations .","Ireland is her buttocks : `` I found it out by the bogs '' .","He claims he has discovered America and the Indies `` upon her nose all o'er embellished with rubies , carbuncles , sapphires , declining their rich aspect to the hot breath of Spain ; who sent whole armadoes of caracks to be ballast at her nose . ''","( This is one of Shakespeare 's few references to America . )","The Syracusans decide to leave as soon as possible , and Dromio runs off to make travel plans .","Antipholus of Syracuse is apprehended by Angelo of Ephesus , a goldsmith , who claims that he ordered a chain from him .","Antipholus is forced to accept the chain , and Angelo says that he will return for payment .","An"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4157594867874943820","input":"what did the defeat of the spanish armada lead to","passages":[{"title":"Spanish Armada","text":"Mary 's death in 1558 led to her half - sister , Elizabeth I , taking the throne . Unlike Mary , Elizabeth was firmly in the reformist camp , and quickly reimplemented many of Edward 's reforms . Philip , no longer co-monarch , deemed Elizabeth a heretic and illegitimate ruler of England . Under Roman law , Henry had never officially divorced Catherine , making Elizabeth illegitimate . It is alleged that Phillip supported plots to have Elizabeth overthrown in favour of her Catholic cousin and heir presumptive , Mary , Queen of Scots ; however , these were thwarted when Elizabeth had the Queen of Scots imprisoned and finally executed in 1587 . Elizabeth retaliated against Philip by supporting the Dutch revolt against Spain , as well as funding privateers to raid Spanish ships across the Atlantic .","sentences":["Mary 's death in 1558 led to her half - sister , Elizabeth I , taking the throne .","Unlike Mary , Elizabeth was firmly in the reformist camp , and quickly reimplemented many of Edward 's reforms .","Philip , no longer co-monarch , deemed Elizabeth a heretic and illegitimate ruler of England .","Under Roman law , Henry had never officially divorced Catherine , making Elizabeth illegitimate .","It is alleged that Phillip supported plots to have Elizabeth overthrown in favour of her Catholic cousin and heir presumptive , Mary , Queen of Scots ; however , these were thwarted when Elizabeth had the Queen of Scots imprisoned and finally executed in 1587 .","Elizabeth retaliated against Philip by supporting the Dutch revolt against Spain , as well as funding privateers to raid Spanish ships across the Atlantic ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8434560022895324720","input":"what does nord mean in sons of anarchy","passages":[{"title":"Ernest Darby","text":"After Josh Kohn , a rogue ATF agent , sent him information on IRA and SOA weapon deals , he called another meeting with \u00c1lvarez . He told him to kill Clay Morrow and afterwords , the Nords could take Charming and the Mayans could take over the gun business . Marcus then told his son , Esai , to kill both Morrow and Darby . Later , when Clay was making a deal with the IRA at a bar , the Mayans attacked but were killed before they could get to him . They simultaneously assaulted Darby 's home , but also failed to kill him . They broke in and shot a Nord footsoldier and two women , but Darby hid and escaped death .","sentences":["After Josh Kohn , a rogue ATF agent , sent him information on IRA and SOA weapon deals , he called another meeting with \u00c1lvarez .","He told him to kill Clay Morrow and afterwords , the Nords could take Charming and the Mayans could take over the gun business .","Marcus then told his son , Esai , to kill both Morrow and Darby .","Later , when Clay was making a deal with the IRA at a bar , the Mayans attacked but were killed before they could get to him .","They simultaneously assaulted Darby 's home , but also failed to kill him .","They broke in and shot a Nord footsoldier and two women , but Darby hid and escaped death ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3358558303999132156","input":"who became the leading french artist during the french revolution","passages":[{"title":"Jacques-Louis David","text":"In his attempt to depict political events of the Revolution in `` real time '' , David was venturing down a new and untrodden path in the art world . However , Thomas Crow argues that this path `` proved to be less a way forward than a cul - de-sac for history painting . '' Essentially , the history of the demise of David 's The Tennis Court Oath illustrates the difficulty of creating works of art that portray current and controversial political occurrences . Political circumstances in France proved too volatile to allow the completion of the painting . The unity that was to be symbolized in The Tennis Court Oath no longer existed in radicalized 1792 . The National Assembly had split between conservatives and radical Jacobins , both vying for political power . By 1792 there was no longer consensus that all the revolutionaries at the tennis court were `` heroes '' . A sizeable number of the heroes of 1789 had become the villains of 1792 . In this unstable political climate David 's work remained unfinished . With only a few nude figures sketched onto the massive canvas , David abandoned The Oath of the Tennis Court . To have completed it would have been politically unsound . After this incident , when David attempted to make a political statement in his paintings , he returned to the less politically charged use of metaphor to convey his message .","sentences":["In his attempt to depict political events of the Revolution in `` real time '' , David was venturing down a new and untrodden path in the art world .","However , Thomas Crow argues that this path `` proved to be less a way forward than a cul - de-sac for history painting . ''","Essentially , the history of the demise of David 's The Tennis Court Oath illustrates the difficulty of creating works of art that portray current and controversial political occurrences .","Political circumstances in France proved too volatile to allow the completion of the painting .","The unity that was to be symbolized in The Tennis Court Oath no longer existed in radicalized 1792 .","The National Assembly had split between conservatives and radical Jacobins , both vying for political power .","By 1792 there was no longer consensus that all the revolutionaries at the tennis court were `` heroes '' .","A sizeable number of the heroes of 1789 had become the villains of 1792 .","In this unstable political climate David 's work remained unfinished .","With only a few nude figures sketched onto the massive canvas , David abandoned The Oath of the Tennis Court .","To have completed it would have been politically unsound .","After this incident , when David attempted to make a political statement in his paintings , he returned to the less politically charged use of metaphor to convey his message ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5844475929382899698","input":"what years did dale earnhardt win the winston cup","passages":[{"title":"Dale Earnhardt","text":"Rain delays had canceled the live telecast of the race , and most fans first learned of the accident during the night 's sports newscasts . Video of the crash showed what appeared to be a fatal incident , but once medical workers arrived at the car , Earnhardt climbed out and waved to the crowd , refusing to be loaded onto a stretcher despite a broken collarbone , sternum , and shoulder blade . Many thought the incident would end his season early , but Earnhardt refused to give up . The next week at Indianapolis , he started the race but exited the car on the first pit stop , allowing Mike Skinner to take the wheel . When asked , Earnhardt said that vacating the No. 3 car was the hardest thing he had ever done . The following weekend at Watkins Glen , he drove the No. 3 Goodwrench Chevrolet to the fastest time in qualifying , earning the `` True Grit '' pole . T - shirts emblazoned with Earnhardt 's face were quickly printed up , brandishing the caption , `` It Hurt So Good '' . Earnhardt led for most of the race and looked to have victory in hand , but fatigue took its toll and he ended up sixth behind race winner Geoff Bodine . Earnhardt did not win again in 1996 but still finished fourth in the standings behind Terry Labonte , Jeff Gordon , and Dale Jarrett . David Smith departed as crew chief of the No. 3 team and RCR at the end of the year for personal reasons , and he was replaced by Larry McReynolds . 1997","sentences":["Rain delays had canceled the live telecast of the race , and most fans first learned of the accident during the night 's sports newscasts .","Video of the crash showed what appeared to be a fatal incident , but once medical workers arrived at the car , Earnhardt climbed out and waved to the crowd , refusing to be loaded onto a stretcher despite a broken collarbone , sternum , and shoulder blade .","Many thought the incident would end his season early , but Earnhardt refused to give up .","The next week at Indianapolis , he started the race but exited the car on the first pit stop , allowing Mike Skinner to take the wheel .","When asked , Earnhardt said that vacating the No. 3 car was the hardest thing he had ever done .","The following weekend at Watkins Glen , he drove the No. 3 Goodwrench Chevrolet to the fastest time in qualifying , earning the `` True Grit '' pole .","T - shirts emblazoned with Earnhardt 's face were quickly printed up , brandishing the caption , `` It Hurt So Good '' .","Earnhardt led for most of the race and looked to have victory in hand , but fatigue took its toll and he ended up sixth behind race winner Geoff Bodine .","Earnhardt did not win again in 1996 but still finished fourth in the standings behind Terry Labonte , Jeff Gordon , and Dale Jarrett .","David Smith departed as crew chief of the No. 3 team and RCR at the end of the year for personal reasons , and he was replaced by Larry McReynolds .","1997"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8026471388448903076","input":"where in the world is maldives on a map","passages":[{"title":"Maldives","text":"In 1973 , the Allied Health Services Training Centre ( the forerunner of the Faculty of Health Sciences ) was established by the Ministry of Health . The Vocational Training Centre was established in 1974 , providing training for mechanical and electrical trades . In 1984 , the Institute for Teacher Education was created and the School of Hotel and Catering Services was established in 1987 to provide trained personnel for the tourist industry . In 1991 , the Institute of Management and Administration was created to train staff for public and private services . In 1998 , the Maldives College of Higher Education was founded . The Institute of Shar'ah and Law was founded in January 1999 . In 2000 the college launched its first degree programme : Bachelor of Arts . On 17 January 2011 the Maldives National University Act was passed by the President of the Maldives ; The Maldives National University was named on 15 February 2011 .","sentences":["In 1973 , the Allied Health Services Training Centre ( the forerunner of the Faculty of Health Sciences ) was established by the Ministry of Health .","The Vocational Training Centre was established in 1974 , providing training for mechanical and electrical trades .","In 1984 , the Institute for Teacher Education was created and the School of Hotel and Catering Services was established in 1987 to provide trained personnel for the tourist industry .","In 1991 , the Institute of Management and Administration was created to train staff for public and private services .","In 1998 , the Maldives College of Higher Education was founded .","The Institute of Shar'ah and Law was founded in January 1999 .","In 2000 the college launched its first degree programme : Bachelor of Arts .","On 17 January 2011 the Maldives National University Act was passed by the President of the Maldives ; The Maldives National University was named on 15 February 2011 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4191915372583165073","input":"when is the next baruto episode coming out","passages":[{"title":"Boruto: Naruto Next Generations","text":"`` Stupid Old Man ! ! '' ( \u30af\u30bd\u30aa\u30e4\u30b8 ... ! ! , Kuso Oyaji ... ! ! ) `` Momoshiki and Kinshiki ! ! '' ( \u30e2\u30e2\u30b7\u30ad \u3068 \u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ad ! ! , Momoshiki to Kinshiki ! ! ) `` Buffoon '' ( \u30a6\u30b9\u30e9\u30c8\u30f3\u30ab\u30c1 , Usuratonkachi ) `` Collision ... ! ! '' ( \u6fc0\u7a81 ... ! ! , Gekitotsu ... ! ! )","sentences":["`` Stupid Old Man ! ! ''","( \u30af\u30bd\u30aa\u30e4\u30b8 ... ! !",", Kuso Oyaji ... ! ! )","`` Momoshiki and Kinshiki ! ! ''","( \u30e2\u30e2\u30b7\u30ad \u3068 \u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ad ! !",", Momoshiki to Kinshiki ! ! )","`` Buffoon '' ( \u30a6\u30b9\u30e9\u30c8\u30f3\u30ab\u30c1 , Usuratonkachi ) `` Collision ... ! ! ''","( \u6fc0\u7a81 ... ! !",", Gekitotsu ... ! ! )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5595673767272591247","input":"what was wrong with the jamestown settlement site","passages":[{"title":"Jamestown, Virginia","text":"Among the colonists who survived the Third Supply was John Rolfe , who carried with him a cache of untested new tobacco seeds from Bermuda , which had grown wild there after being planted by shipwrecked Spaniards years before . In 1614 , Rolfe began to successfully harvest tobacco . Prosperous and wealthy , he married Pocahontas , daughter of Chief Powhatan , bringing several years of peace between the English and natives . However , at the end of a public relations trip to England , Pocahontas became sick and died on March 21 , 1617 . The following year , her father also died . Powhatan 's brother , a fierce warrior named Opchanacanough , became head of the Powhatan Confederacy . As the English continued to appropriate more land for tobacco farming , relations with the natives worsened .","sentences":["Among the colonists who survived the Third Supply was John Rolfe , who carried with him a cache of untested new tobacco seeds from Bermuda , which had grown wild there after being planted by shipwrecked Spaniards years before .","In 1614 , Rolfe began to successfully harvest tobacco .","Prosperous and wealthy , he married Pocahontas , daughter of Chief Powhatan , bringing several years of peace between the English and natives .","However , at the end of a public relations trip to England , Pocahontas became sick and died on March 21 , 1617 .","The following year , her father also died .","Powhatan 's brother , a fierce warrior named Opchanacanough , became head of the Powhatan Confederacy .","As the English continued to appropriate more land for tobacco farming , relations with the natives worsened ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3990745698700777200","input":"where did made in chelsea go in ibiza","passages":[{"title":"Made in Chelsea","text":"The third series began airing on 2 April 2012 on E4 . The series concluded on 4 June 2012 after 10 episodes , however an end of season party episode aired on 11 June 2012 which was hosted by Rick Edwards and featured the cast members reuniting to discuss everything from the series . The series was confirmed on 21 November 2011 following the second series finale . This was the last series to feature original cast members Amber Atherton , Caggie Dunlop and Hugo Taylor , but also saw the introduction of new cast members Kimberley Garner , Natalie Joel and Richard Dinan . The series included a relationship blossoming between Kimberley and Richard until some interference from Cheska led to the discovery that she was living a double life . It also features a love triangle between Spencer , Jamie and Louise causing a drift between best friends , and Millie and Rosie finally rebuilding their friendship .","sentences":["The third series began airing on 2 April 2012 on E4 .","The series concluded on 4 June 2012 after 10 episodes , however an end of season party episode aired on 11 June 2012 which was hosted by Rick Edwards and featured the cast members reuniting to discuss everything from the series .","The series was confirmed on 21 November 2011 following the second series finale .","This was the last series to feature original cast members Amber Atherton , Caggie Dunlop and Hugo Taylor , but also saw the introduction of new cast members Kimberley Garner , Natalie Joel and Richard Dinan .","The series included a relationship blossoming between Kimberley and Richard until some interference from Cheska led to the discovery that she was living a double life .","It also features a love triangle between Spencer , Jamie and Louise causing a drift between best friends , and Millie and Rosie finally rebuilding their friendship ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3611054181141825728","input":"where did the colors of the american flag come from","passages":[{"title":"Flag of the United States","text":"The flag of Bikini Atoll is symbolic of the islanders ' belief that a great debt is still owed to the people of Bikini because in 1954 the United States government detonated a thermonuclear bomb on the island as part of the Castle Bravo test . The flag of Liberia bears a close resemblance , showing the ex-American - slave origin of the country . The Liberian flag has 11 similar red and white stripes , which stand for the 11 signers of the Liberian Declaration of Independence , as well as a blue square with only a single large white star for the canton . The flag of Liberia is the only flag in the world that was modeled after and resembles the American flag because Liberia was the only nation in the world that was founded , colonized , established , and controlled by freed African American and ex-caribbean slaves as settlers who came from the United States and the Caribbean islands as a homeland to live , with the help and support from the American Colonization Society on January 7 , 1822 . Despite Malaysia having no historical connections with the U.S. , the flag of Malaysia greatly resembles the U.S. flag . It is possible that the flag of the British East India Company influenced both the Malaysian and U.S. flag . The flag of El Salvador from 1865 to 1912 . A different flag was in use , based on the flag of the United States , with a field of alternating blue and white stripes and a red canton containing white stars . The flag of Brittany was inspired in part by the American flag .","sentences":["The flag of Bikini Atoll is symbolic of the islanders ' belief that a great debt is still owed to the people of Bikini because in 1954 the United States government detonated a thermonuclear bomb on the island as part of the Castle Bravo test .","The flag of Liberia bears a close resemblance , showing the ex-American - slave origin of the country .","The Liberian flag has 11 similar red and white stripes , which stand for the 11 signers of the Liberian Declaration of Independence , as well as a blue square with only a single large white star for the canton .","The flag of Liberia is the only flag in the world that was modeled after and resembles the American flag because Liberia was the only nation in the world that was founded , colonized , established , and controlled by freed African American and ex-caribbean slaves as settlers who came from the United States and the Caribbean islands as a homeland to live , with the help and support from the American Colonization Society on January 7 , 1822 .","Despite Malaysia having no historical connections with the U.S. , the flag of Malaysia greatly resembles the U.S. flag .","It is possible that the flag of the British East India Company influenced both the Malaysian and U.S. flag .","The flag of El Salvador from 1865 to 1912 .","A different flag was in use , based on the flag of the United States , with a field of alternating blue and white stripes and a red canton containing white stars .","The flag of Brittany was inspired in part by the American flag ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6770165565608650054","input":"who is in district 1 in the hunger games","passages":[{"title":"Fictional world of The Hunger Games","text":"Wolf `` muttations '' or `` mutts '' appeared at the end of the 74th Hunger Games to draw Katniss , Peeta , and Cato into a final fight . The wolf - like creatures mimicked the deceased tributes , particularly in fur and eye color , but also with collars which match the tributes ' district numbers . One wolf Katniss identifies as Rue , and others as Glimmer , Foxface , the boy from District 9 , and Thresh . They were created by the Gamemakers to draw the three remaining tributes together for the finale . Peeta later creates a painting of the wolf mutt supposed to be Glimmer . It took him three days to find the right shade for sunlight on white fur . He `` kept thinking it was just yellow , but it was so much more than that . '' When he is shot in the hand with an arrow , Cato falls off the Cornucopia ; and in the book , Cato 's fight for survival against the mutts goes on for several hours before Katniss shoots him in the skull with an arrow out of pity . He would not have survived for so long without his suit of body armor and a hidden sword or knife . In the film adaptation , the mutts resemble Rottweiler dogs and Cato dies more quickly . Rose","sentences":["Wolf `` muttations '' or `` mutts '' appeared at the end of the 74th Hunger Games to draw Katniss , Peeta , and Cato into a final fight .","The wolf - like creatures mimicked the deceased tributes , particularly in fur and eye color , but also with collars which match the tributes ' district numbers .","One wolf Katniss identifies as Rue , and others as Glimmer , Foxface , the boy from District 9 , and Thresh .","They were created by the Gamemakers to draw the three remaining tributes together for the finale .","Peeta later creates a painting of the wolf mutt supposed to be Glimmer .","It took him three days to find the right shade for sunlight on white fur .","He `` kept thinking it was just yellow , but it was so much more than that . ''","When he is shot in the hand with an arrow , Cato falls off the Cornucopia ; and in the book , Cato 's fight for survival against the mutts goes on for several hours before Katniss shoots him in the skull with an arrow out of pity .","He would not have survived for so long without his suit of body armor and a hidden sword or knife .","In the film adaptation , the mutts resemble Rottweiler dogs and Cato dies more quickly .","Rose"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6803185021541951826","input":"where does the term hell in a handbasket come from","passages":[{"title":"To hell in a handbasket","text":"`` To Hell in a Handbasket '' is the name of humorist H. Allen Smith 's 1962 autobiography . Hell in a Handbasket was the title of a 1988 Star Trek comic book . Hell in a Handbasket is the title of a 2006 book ( ISBN 1585424587 ) by American cartoonist Tom Tomorrow , who authors the cartoon strip This Modern World . `` Hell in a handbasket '' was the name of an undescribed con requiring a trained cat referenced in the 2004 film , Ocean 's Twelve . Hell in a Handbasket is a song from Voltaire 's Ooky Spooky album . Hell in a Handbasket is the title of a 2011 Meat Loaf album A number of fictional characters have used a name that puns on the phrase , including : Helena Handbasket is the name of a character in the TV show Friends . It is the stage name for Chandler 's crossdressing dad . Helena Handbasket is also a fictional nymph in the 2011 video game Rayman Origins . Helena Handbasket is also the pseudonym of the author of Twilight 's Last Gleaming : The Decline and Fall of the United States . 2015 video game Fallout 4 in the prequel it includes a `` Vault Tec Representative '' ( Vault Tec is a fictional company in the Fallout franchise ) and refers to the phrase `` Heck in a handbasket ''","sentences":["`` To Hell in a Handbasket '' is the name of humorist H. Allen Smith 's 1962 autobiography .","Hell in a Handbasket was the title of a 1988 Star Trek comic book .","Hell in a Handbasket is the title of a 2006 book ( ISBN 1585424587 ) by American cartoonist Tom Tomorrow , who authors the cartoon strip This Modern World .","`` Hell in a handbasket '' was the name of an undescribed con requiring a trained cat referenced in the 2004 film , Ocean 's Twelve .","Hell in a Handbasket is a song from Voltaire 's Ooky Spooky album .","Hell in a Handbasket is the title of a 2011 Meat Loaf album A number of fictional characters have used a name that puns on the phrase , including : Helena Handbasket is the name of a character in the TV show Friends .","It is the stage name for Chandler 's crossdressing dad .","Helena Handbasket is also a fictional nymph in the 2011 video game Rayman Origins .","Helena Handbasket is also the pseudonym of the author of Twilight 's Last Gleaming : The Decline and Fall of the United States .","2015 video game Fallout 4 in the prequel it includes a `` Vault Tec Representative '' ( Vault Tec is a fictional company in the Fallout franchise ) and refers to the phrase `` Heck in a handbasket ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3957825493054679910","input":"how wide and deep is the euphrates river","passages":[{"title":"Euphrates","text":"The Hindiya Barrage on the Iraqi Euphrates , based on plans by British civil engineer William Willcocks and finished in 1913 , was the first modern water diversion structure built in the Tigris -- Euphrates river system . The Hindiya Barrage was followed in the 1950s by the Ramadi Barrage and the nearby Abu Dibbis Regulator , which serve to regulate the flow regime of the Euphrates and to discharge excess flood water into the depression that is now Lake Habbaniyah . Iraq 's largest dam on the Euphrates is the Haditha Dam ; a 9 - kilometre - long ( 5.6 mi ) earth - fill dam creating Lake Qadisiyah . Syria and Turkey built their first dams in the Euphrates in the 1970s . The Tabqa Dam in Syria was completed in 1973 while Turkey finished the Keban Dam , a prelude to the immense Southeastern Anatolia Project , in 1974 . Since then , Syria has built two more dams in the Euphrates , the Baath Dam and the Tishrin Dam , and plans to build a fourth dam -- the Halabiye Dam -- between Raqqa and Deir ez - Zor . The Tabqa Dam is Syria 's largest dam and its reservoir ( Lake Assad ) is an important source of irrigation and drinking water . It was planned that 640,000 hectares ( 2,500 sq mi ) should be irrigated from Lake Assad , but in 2000 only 100,000 -- 124,000 hectares ( 390 -- 480 sq mi ) had been realized . Syria also built three smaller dams on the Khabur and its tributaries .","sentences":["The Hindiya Barrage on the Iraqi Euphrates , based on plans by British civil engineer William Willcocks and finished in 1913 , was the first modern water diversion structure built in the Tigris -- Euphrates river system .","The Hindiya Barrage was followed in the 1950s by the Ramadi Barrage and the nearby Abu Dibbis Regulator , which serve to regulate the flow regime of the Euphrates and to discharge excess flood water into the depression that is now Lake Habbaniyah .","Iraq 's largest dam on the Euphrates is the Haditha Dam ; a 9 - kilometre - long ( 5.6 mi ) earth - fill dam creating Lake Qadisiyah .","Syria and Turkey built their first dams in the Euphrates in the 1970s .","The Tabqa Dam in Syria was completed in 1973 while Turkey finished the Keban Dam , a prelude to the immense Southeastern Anatolia Project , in 1974 .","Since then , Syria has built two more dams in the Euphrates , the Baath Dam and the Tishrin Dam , and plans to build a fourth dam -- the Halabiye Dam -- between Raqqa and Deir ez - Zor .","The Tabqa Dam is Syria 's largest dam and its reservoir ( Lake Assad ) is an important source of irrigation and drinking water .","It was planned that 640,000 hectares ( 2,500 sq mi ) should be irrigated from Lake Assad , but in 2000 only 100,000 -- 124,000 hectares ( 390 -- 480 sq mi ) had been realized .","Syria also built three smaller dams on the Khabur and its tributaries ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4327408008376369426","input":"what is dei verbum and why was it written","passages":[{"title":"Dei verbum","text":"Footnote : In and by man : cf . Heb. 1 : 1 ; 4 : 7 ( in ) ; 2 Sam 23 : 2 ; Mt 1 : 22 and passim ( by ) ; Vatican Council I , schema de doctr . cath. , note 9 ; Coll . Lac. , VII , 522 .","sentences":["Footnote :","In and by man : cf .","Heb. 1 : 1 ; 4 : 7 ( in ) ; 2 Sam 23 : 2 ; Mt 1 : 22 and passim ( by ) ;","Vatican Council I , schema de doctr .","cath.",", note 9 ; Coll .","Lac. , VII , 522 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3344609701278560115","input":"how old are the characters in game of thrones season 1","passages":[{"title":"List of Game of Thrones characters","text":"Talisa Maegyr ( season 2 -- 3 ) portrayed by Oona Chaplin . Talisa Maegyr is a healer working on the battlefields of the War of the Five Kings . She claims to be from the Free City of Volantis . No character named Talisa appears in the books . Oona Chaplin was originally announced to play a character called Jeyne , which many thought to mean she would play Jeyne Westerling , a character from the books . Talisa follows Robb Stark 's army camp as it moves . One day as they talk they are interrupted by news that Catelyn has released Robb 's key prisoner Jaime Lannister . Talisa later goes to comfort Robb . After she reveals more of her past to him , they admit their shared feelings for one another and sleep together . Talisa and Robb marry in secret before a septon . In season 3 , Talisa reveals that she is pregnant , although she and her unborn child are stabbed to death by Lothar Frey in the Red Wedding Massacre , the first in the hall to be attacked .","sentences":["Talisa Maegyr ( season 2 -- 3 ) portrayed by Oona Chaplin .","Talisa Maegyr is a healer working on the battlefields of the War of the Five Kings .","She claims to be from the Free City of Volantis .","No character named Talisa appears in the books .","Oona Chaplin was originally announced to play a character called Jeyne , which many thought to mean she would play Jeyne Westerling , a character from the books .","Talisa follows Robb Stark 's army camp as it moves .","One day as they talk they are interrupted by news that Catelyn has released Robb 's key prisoner Jaime Lannister .","Talisa later goes to comfort Robb .","After she reveals more of her past to him , they admit their shared feelings for one another and sleep together .","Talisa and Robb marry in secret before a septon .","In season 3 , Talisa reveals that she is pregnant , although she and her unborn child are stabbed to death by Lothar Frey in the Red Wedding Massacre , the first in the hall to be attacked ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1119726818040629112","input":"how much is one p in american money","passages":[{"title":"United States one-dollar bill","text":"In 1929 , all currency was changed to the size which is familiar today . The first one - dollar bills were issued as silver certificates under Series of 1928 . The Treasury seal and serial numbers were dark blue . The obverse was nearly identical to the Series of 1923 $1 silver certificate , but the Treasury seal featured spikes around it and a large gray ONE replaced the blue `` 1 DOLLAR . '' The reverse , too , had the same border design as the Series of 1923 $1 bill , but the center featured a large ornate ONE superimposed by ONE DOLLAR . These are commonly known as `` Funnybacks '' due to the rather odd - looking `` ONE '' on the reverse . These $1 silver certificates were issued until 1934 .","sentences":["In 1929 , all currency was changed to the size which is familiar today .","The first one - dollar bills were issued as silver certificates under Series of 1928 .","The Treasury seal and serial numbers were dark blue .","The obverse was nearly identical to the Series of 1923 $1 silver certificate , but the Treasury seal featured spikes around it and a large gray ONE replaced the blue `` 1 DOLLAR . ''","The reverse , too , had the same border design as the Series of 1923 $1 bill , but the center featured a large ornate ONE superimposed by ONE DOLLAR .","These are commonly known as `` Funnybacks '' due to the rather odd - looking `` ONE '' on the reverse .","These $1 silver certificates were issued until 1934 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4635505376553094920","input":"who owns the copyright to game of thrones","passages":[{"title":"Game of Thrones","text":"The series ' title sequence was created by production studio Elastic for HBO . Creative director Angus Wall and his collaborators received the 2011 Primetime Emmy Award for Main Title Design for the sequence , which depicts a three - dimensional map of the series ' fictional world . The map is projected on the inside of a sphere which is centrally lit by a small sun in an armillary sphere . As the camera moves across the map , focusing on the locations of the episode 's events , clockwork mechanisms intertwine and allow buildings and other structures to emerge from the map . Accompanied by the title music , the names of the principal cast and creative staff appear . The sequence concludes after about 90 seconds with the title card and brief opening credits indicating the episode 's writer ( s ) and director . Its composition changes as the story progresses , with new locations replacing those featuring less prominently or not at all .","sentences":["The series ' title sequence was created by production studio Elastic for HBO .","Creative director Angus Wall and his collaborators received the 2011 Primetime Emmy Award for Main Title Design for the sequence , which depicts a three - dimensional map of the series ' fictional world .","The map is projected on the inside of a sphere which is centrally lit by a small sun in an armillary sphere .","As the camera moves across the map , focusing on the locations of the episode 's events , clockwork mechanisms intertwine and allow buildings and other structures to emerge from the map .","Accompanied by the title music , the names of the principal cast and creative staff appear .","The sequence concludes after about 90 seconds with the title card and brief opening credits indicating the episode 's writer ( s ) and director .","Its composition changes as the story progresses , with new locations replacing those featuring less prominently or not at all ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"238233005811478220","input":"where does most of the business of the house take place","passages":[{"title":"White House","text":"Because of crowding within the executive mansion itself , President Theodore Roosevelt had all work offices relocated to the newly constructed West Wing in 1901 . Eight years later in 1909 , President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office , which was eventually moved as the section was expanded . In the main mansion , the third - floor attic was converted to living quarters in 1927 by augmenting the existing hip roof with long shed dormers . A newly constructed East Wing was used as a reception area for social events ; Jefferson 's colonnades connected the new wings . East Wing alterations were completed in 1946 , creating additional office space . By 1948 , the residence 's load - bearing exterior walls and internal wood beams were found to be close to failure . Under Harry S. Truman , the interior rooms were completely dismantled and a new internal load - bearing steel frame constructed inside the walls . Once this work was completed , the interior rooms were rebuilt .","sentences":["Because of crowding within the executive mansion itself , President Theodore Roosevelt had all work offices relocated to the newly constructed West Wing in 1901 .","Eight years later in 1909 , President William Howard Taft expanded the West Wing and created the first Oval Office , which was eventually moved as the section was expanded .","In the main mansion , the third - floor attic was converted to living quarters in 1927 by augmenting the existing hip roof with long shed dormers .","A newly constructed East Wing was used as a reception area for social events ; Jefferson 's colonnades connected the new wings .","East Wing alterations were completed in 1946 , creating additional office space .","By 1948 , the residence 's load - bearing exterior walls and internal wood beams were found to be close to failure .","Under Harry S. Truman , the interior rooms were completely dismantled and a new internal load - bearing steel frame constructed inside the walls .","Once this work was completed , the interior rooms were rebuilt ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1985186045509485927","input":"what were the causes and effects of the women's march on versailles in october 1789","passages":[{"title":"Women's March on Versailles","text":"At about one o'clock in the afternoon of 6 October 1789 , the vast throng escorted the royal family and a complement of one hundred deputies back to the capital , this time with the armed National Guards leading the way . By now the mass of people had grown to over sixty thousand , and the return trip took about nine hours . The procession could seem merry at times , as guardsmen hoisted up loaves of bread stuck on the tips of their bayonets , and some of the market women rode gleefully astride the captured cannon . Yet , even as the crowd sang pleasantries about their `` Good Papa '' , their violent mentality could not be misread ; celebratory gunshots flew over the royal carriage and some marchers even carried pikes bearing the heads of the slaughtered Versailles guards . A sense of victory over the ancien r\u00e9gime was imbued in the parade , and it was understood by all that the king was now fully at the service of the people . The","sentences":["At about one o'clock in the afternoon of 6 October 1789 , the vast throng escorted the royal family and a complement of one hundred deputies back to the capital , this time with the armed National Guards leading the way .","By now the mass of people had grown to over sixty thousand , and the return trip took about nine hours .","The procession could seem merry at times , as guardsmen hoisted up loaves of bread stuck on the tips of their bayonets , and some of the market women rode gleefully astride the captured cannon .","Yet , even as the crowd sang pleasantries about their `` Good Papa '' , their violent mentality could not be misread ; celebratory gunshots flew over the royal carriage and some marchers even carried pikes bearing the heads of the slaughtered Versailles guards .","A sense of victory over the ancien r\u00e9gime was imbued in the parade , and it was understood by all that the king was now fully at the service of the people .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1961285683949521955","input":"sam smith i know i'm not the only one","passages":[{"title":"I'm Not the Only One","text":"It came really naturally ! The person I wrote it with , we both knew them and we just vibed off each other . We both had really strong opinions on what the woman was doing . It 's quite a complex song . When you listen to it you think it 's just bashing a guy for cheating , but it 's not , it actually talks more about how the woman 's a mug . She knows she 's not the only one , but she 's never going to leave . I think that 's wrong .","sentences":["It came really naturally !","The person I wrote it with , we both knew them and we just vibed off each other .","We both had really strong opinions on what the woman was doing .","It 's quite a complex song .","When you listen to it you think it 's just bashing a guy for cheating , but it 's not , it actually talks more about how the woman 's a mug .","She knows she 's not the only one , but she 's never going to leave .","I think that 's wrong ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1896003585084108027","input":"where do america's got talent auditions at","passages":[{"title":"America's Got Talent","text":"Rank Former contestant Total US sales Albums Jackie Evancho ( season 5 , runner - up ) 3,000,000 + Prelude to a Dream ( 2009 ) # 121 O Holy Night ( 2010 ) # 2 ( Platinum certification ) Dream with Me ( 2011 ) # 2 ( Gold certification ) Heavenly Christmas ( 2011 ) # 11 Songs from the Silver Screen ( 2012 ) # 7 Awakening ( 2014 ) # 17 Someday at Christmas ( 2016 ) # 93 Two Hearts ( 2017 ) # 100 ( Evancho 's 7th consecutive # 1 ranking on the Classical Albums Chart ) Lindsey Stirling ( season 5 quarterfinalist ) 856,000 + Lindsey Stirling ( 2012 ) # 23 Shatter Me ( 2014 ) # 2 Brave Enough ( 2016 ) # 5 Grace VanderWaal ( season 11 winner ) 500,000 + Perfectly Imperfect ( 2016 ) # 4 The Texas Tenors ( season 4 , 4th place ) 250,000 + The Texas Tenors ( album ) Country Roots , Classical Sound ( 2009 ) did not chart The Texas Tenors ( album ) Country Roots , Classical Sound : Remastered Special Edition ( 2011 ) did not chart O Night Divine ( 2013 ) did not chart on Billboard 200 ; # 22 on the Classical Albums chart You Should Dream ( 2013 ) did not chart on Billboard 200 ; # 5 on the Classical Albums chart First 5 Years Live ( 2014 ) did not chart on Billboard 200 ; # 11 on the Classical Albums chart 5 Landau Eugene Murphy , Jr . ( season 6 winner ) 156,000 + That 's Life ( 2011 ) # 34 Christmas Made for Two ( 2013 ) did not chart 6 Bianca Ryan ( season 1 winner ) 150,000 + Bianca Ryan ( 2006 ) # 57 Christmas Everyday ( 2007 ) did not chart The True Meaning of Christmas ( 2009 ) did not chart 7 Cas Haley ( season 2 runner - up ) 40,000 + Cas Haley ( 2008 ) # 8 Connection ( 2010 ) did not chart La Si Dah ( 2013 ) did not chart 8 Michael Grimm ( season 5 winner ) 22,000 + Michael Grimm Live ( 2007 ) did not chart I Am Michael Grimm ( 2009 ) did not chart Leave Your Hat On ( 2010 ) # 101 Michael Grimm ( 2011 ) # 13 9 Neal E. Boyd ( season 3 winner ) 6,000 + My American Dream ( 2009 ) # 195","sentences":["Rank Former contestant Total US sales Albums Jackie Evancho ( season 5 , runner - up ) 3,000,000 + Prelude to a Dream ( 2009 )","# 121","O Holy Night ( 2010 )","# 2 ( Platinum certification ) Dream with Me ( 2011 )","# 2 ( Gold certification )","Heavenly Christmas ( 2011 )","# 11 Songs from the Silver Screen ( 2012 )","# 7 Awakening ( 2014 )","# 17","Someday at Christmas ( 2016 )","# 93 Two Hearts ( 2017 )","# 100 ( Evancho 's 7th consecutive # 1 ranking on the Classical Albums Chart )","Lindsey Stirling ( season 5 quarterfinalist ) 856,000 + Lindsey Stirling ( 2012 )","# 23 Shatter Me ( 2014 )","# 2 Brave Enough ( 2016 )","# 5 Grace VanderWaal ( season 11 winner ) 500,000 + Perfectly Imperfect ( 2016 )","# 4 The Texas Tenors ( season 4 , 4th place ) 250,000 +","The Texas Tenors ( album )","Country Roots , Classical Sound ( 2009 ) did not chart The Texas Tenors ( album )","Country Roots , Classical Sound : Remastered Special Edition ( 2011 ) did not chart O Night Divine ( 2013 ) did not chart on Billboard 200 ; # 22 on the Classical Albums chart You Should Dream ( 2013 ) did not chart on Billboard 200 ; # 5 on the Classical Albums chart First 5 Years Live ( 2014 ) did not chart on Billboard 200 ; # 11 on the Classical Albums chart 5 Landau Eugene Murphy , Jr .","( season 6 winner ) 156,000","+","That 's Life ( 2011 )","# 34 Christmas Made for Two ( 2013 ) did not chart 6 Bianca Ryan ( season 1 winner ) 150,000 + Bianca Ryan ( 2006 )","# 57 Christmas Everyday ( 2007 ) did not chart The True Meaning of Christmas ( 2009 ) did not chart 7 Cas Haley ( season 2 runner - up ) 40,000 + Cas Haley ( 2008 )","# 8 Connection ( 2010 ) did not chart La Si Dah ( 2013 ) did not chart 8 Michael Grimm ( season 5 winner ) 22,000 + Michael Grimm Live ( 2007 ) did not chart I Am Michael Grimm ( 2009 ) did not chart Leave Your Hat On ( 2010 )","# 101 Michael Grimm ( 2011 )","# 13 9 Neal E. Boyd ( season 3 winner ) 6,000 +","My American Dream ( 2009 ) # 195"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2254071376462054346","input":"when does the wrestling observer newsletter come out","passages":[{"title":"Wrestling Observer Newsletter","text":"The WON 's earlier years were also marked by revealing insider news and various behind - the - scenes happenings in the industry , a groundbreaking approach in a kayfabe - heavy era . Meltzer 's approach benefitted from professional contacts , a historic perspective , and his own analysis of trends , data , and events . The WWE 's 1997 `` Montreal Screwjob '' was exhaustively covered by the WON , which featured accounts from within the backstage rooms where some of the interaction occurred , including from Bret Hart himself . Meltzer published data - based evidence suggesting inflated `` record '' attendance figures for WrestleManias III and 23 . He gave extensive space to various wrestling scandals , including Vince McMahon 's 1990s steroid trial , the Chris Benoit murder investigation , and the high drug - fueled death rate within the wrestling ranks . His newsletter was also known for its lengthy obituaries of deceased wrestling figures , as well as a desire to chronicle the deaths of every wrestling figure possible , no matter how minor .","sentences":["The WON 's earlier years were also marked by revealing insider news and various behind - the - scenes happenings in the industry , a groundbreaking approach in a kayfabe - heavy era .","Meltzer 's approach benefitted from professional contacts , a historic perspective , and his own analysis of trends , data , and events .","The WWE 's 1997 `` Montreal Screwjob '' was exhaustively covered by the WON , which featured accounts from within the backstage rooms where some of the interaction occurred , including from Bret Hart himself .","Meltzer published data - based evidence suggesting inflated `` record '' attendance figures for WrestleManias III and 23 .","He gave extensive space to various wrestling scandals , including Vince McMahon 's 1990s steroid trial , the Chris Benoit murder investigation , and the high drug - fueled death rate within the wrestling ranks .","His newsletter was also known for its lengthy obituaries of deceased wrestling figures , as well as a desire to chronicle the deaths of every wrestling figure possible , no matter how minor ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-252554792241963420","input":"how many train travels between india and pakistan","passages":[{"title":"Transport between India and Pakistan","text":"The partition of India in 1947 led to the termination of most transport links between the newly independent nations of India and Pakistan after the cross-migration of people was completed by the 1950s . The First Kashmir War had similarly divided the Himalayan region of Kashmir between the two rivals , causing termination of road links in the region . Kashmir and the international border in the divided region of Punjab were major theatres of war during the Indo - Pakistani Wars of 1965 and 1971 . The train connecting the Indian city of Jaipur with the Pakistani city of Karachi across the Thar Desert was destroyed when the Pakistani Air Force bombed the tracks during the 1965 war . In the 1990s , the Line of Control ( LoC ) demarcating the informal boundary between Indian - administered Kashmir and Pakistan - administered Kashmir was the scene of exchanges of fire between Pakistani and Indian forces and infiltration of militants into Indian Kashmir . The Kargil War of 1999 broke out when Indian force sought to repel militants and Pakistani soldiers who had infiltrated across the LoC .","sentences":["The partition of India in 1947 led to the termination of most transport links between the newly independent nations of India and Pakistan after the cross-migration of people was completed by the 1950s .","The First Kashmir War had similarly divided the Himalayan region of Kashmir between the two rivals , causing termination of road links in the region .","Kashmir and the international border in the divided region of Punjab were major theatres of war during the Indo - Pakistani Wars of 1965 and 1971 .","The train connecting the Indian city of Jaipur with the Pakistani city of Karachi across the Thar Desert was destroyed when the Pakistani Air Force bombed the tracks during the 1965 war .","In the 1990s , the Line of Control ( LoC ) demarcating the informal boundary between Indian - administered Kashmir and Pakistan - administered Kashmir was the scene of exchanges of fire between Pakistani and Indian forces and infiltration of militants into Indian Kashmir .","The Kargil War of 1999 broke out when Indian force sought to repel militants and Pakistani soldiers who had infiltrated across the LoC ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5050585328151965415","input":"what is the distance between uk and france","passages":[{"title":"Strait of Dover","text":"Dover Strait View from France across the Strait of Dover towards the English coast Location North Sea -- English Channel ( Atlantic Ocean ) Coordinates 51 \u00b0 00 \u2032 N 1 \u00b0 27 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 51.000 \u00b0 N 1.450 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 51.000 ; 1.450 Coordinates : 51 \u00b0 00 \u2032 N 1 \u00b0 27 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 51.000 \u00b0 N 1.450 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 51.000 ; 1.450 Type Strait Basin countries France England Max . width 33.3 km ( 20.7 mi ) Average depth 30 m ( 98 ft )","sentences":["Dover Strait View from France across the Strait of Dover towards the English coast Location North Sea -- English Channel ( Atlantic Ocean )","Coordinates 51 \u00b0 00","\u2032 N 1 \u00b0 27 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 51.000 \u00b0 N 1.450 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 51.000 ; 1.450 Coordinates : 51 \u00b0 00","\u2032 N 1 \u00b0 27 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 51.000 \u00b0 N 1.450 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 51.000 ; 1.450 Type Strait Basin countries France England Max .","width 33.3 km ( 20.7 mi ) Average depth 30 m ( 98 ft )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"614737649920840043","input":"who deserves credit for popularizing and developing pragmatism and philosophy","passages":[{"title":"Pragmatism","text":"Peirce lectured and further wrote on pragmatism to make clear his own interpretation . While framing a conception 's meaning in terms of conceivable tests , Peirce emphasized that , since a conception is general , its meaning , its intellectual purport , equates to its acceptance 's implications for general practice , rather than to any definite set of real effects ( or test results ) ; a conception 's clarified meaning points toward its conceivable verifications , but the outcomes are not meanings , but individual upshots . Peirce in 1905 coined the new name pragmaticism `` for the precise purpose of expressing the original definition '' , saying that `` all went happily '' with James 's and Schiller 's variant uses of the old name `` pragmatism '' and that he nonetheless coined the new name because of the old name 's growing use in `` literary journals , where it gets abused '' . Yet in a 1906 manuscript he cited as causes his differences with James and Schiller. and , in a 1908 publication , his differences with James as well as literary author Giovanni Papini . Peirce in any case regarded his views that truth is immutable and infinity is real , as being opposed by the other pragmatists , but he remained allied with them on other issues .","sentences":["Peirce lectured and further wrote on pragmatism to make clear his own interpretation .","While framing a conception 's meaning in terms of conceivable tests , Peirce emphasized that , since a conception is general , its meaning , its intellectual purport , equates to its acceptance 's implications for general practice , rather than to any definite set of real effects ( or test results ) ; a conception 's clarified meaning points toward its conceivable verifications , but the outcomes are not meanings , but individual upshots .","Peirce in 1905 coined the new name pragmaticism `` for the precise purpose of expressing the original definition '' , saying that `` all went happily '' with James 's and Schiller 's variant uses of the old name `` pragmatism '' and that he nonetheless coined the new name because of the old name 's growing use in `` literary journals , where it gets abused '' .","Yet in a 1906 manuscript he cited as causes his differences with James and Schiller.","and , in a 1908 publication , his differences with James as well as literary author Giovanni Papini .","Peirce in any case regarded his views that truth is immutable and infinity is real , as being opposed by the other pragmatists , but he remained allied with them on other issues ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6901633389924097968","input":"where did the supreme leader in star wars come from","passages":[{"title":"Supreme Leader Snoke","text":"Snoke , whom Abrams called `` a powerful figure on the Dark Side of the Force '' , is the leader of the evil First Order . He is master to the film 's primary villain , Kylo Ren . Serkis described Snoke as `` quite an enigmatic character , and strangely vulnerable at the same time as being quite powerful . Obviously he has a huge agenda . He has suffered a lot of damage . '' Serkis called Snoke `` a new character in this universe '' , adding `` I think it 'd be fair to say that he is aware of the past to a great degree . ''","sentences":["Snoke , whom Abrams called `` a powerful figure on the Dark Side of the Force '' , is the leader of the evil First Order .","He is master to the film 's primary villain , Kylo Ren .","Serkis described Snoke as `` quite an enigmatic character , and strangely vulnerable at the same time as being quite powerful .","Obviously he has a huge agenda .","He has suffered a lot of damage . ''","Serkis called Snoke `` a new character in this universe '' , adding `` I think it 'd be fair to say that he is aware of the past to a great degree . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3951185399724568997","input":"where in bonaventure cemetery is the bird girl","passages":[{"title":"Bird Girl","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( April 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. ( April 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( April 2015 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations .","Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations.","( April 2015 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3543740592457498204","input":"when did lego release the mindstorms robotics invention system 2.0","passages":[{"title":"Lego Mindstorms","text":"LabVIEW Yes Yes Yes Yes National Instruments LabVIEW visual programming language ( G code ) Core language used to develop Mindstorms NXT software . Can use available add - on kit to create and download programs to NXT , create original NXT blocks or control robot directly via USB or Bluetooth using NXT fantom. dll","sentences":["LabVIEW","Yes","Yes","Yes Yes National Instruments LabVIEW visual programming language ( G code )","Core language used to develop Mindstorms NXT software .","Can use available add - on kit to create and download programs to NXT , create original NXT blocks or control robot directly via USB or Bluetooth using NXT fantom.","dll"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3067822953855565456","input":"where is the drive store located and what 3 items does it include","passages":[{"title":"Hard disk drive","text":"In 1962 the IBM 350 RAMAC disk storage unit was superseded by the IBM 1301 disk storage unit , which consisted of 50 platters , each about 1 \/ 8 - inch thick and 24 inches in diameter . Whereas the IBM 350 used only two read \/ write heads which were pneumatically actuated and moved in two dimensions , the 1301 was one of the first disk storage units to use an array of heads , one per platter , moving as a single unit . Cylinder - mode read \/ write operations were supported , and the heads flew about 250 micro-inches ( about 6 \u03bcm ) above the platter surface . Motion of the head array depended upon a binary adder system of hydraulic actuators which assured repeatable positioning . The 1301 cabinet was about the size of three home refrigerators placed side by side , storing the equivalent of about 21 million eight - bit bytes . Access time was about a quarter of a second .","sentences":["In 1962 the IBM 350 RAMAC disk storage unit was superseded by the IBM 1301 disk storage unit , which consisted of 50 platters , each about 1 \/ 8 - inch thick and 24 inches in diameter .","Whereas the IBM 350 used only two read \/ write heads which were pneumatically actuated and moved in two dimensions , the 1301 was one of the first disk storage units to use an array of heads , one per platter , moving as a single unit .","Cylinder - mode read \/ write operations were supported , and the heads flew about 250 micro-inches ( about 6 \u03bcm ) above the platter surface .","Motion of the head array depended upon a binary adder system of hydraulic actuators which assured repeatable positioning .","The 1301 cabinet was about the size of three home refrigerators placed side by side , storing the equivalent of about 21 million eight - bit bytes .","Access time was about a quarter of a second ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3744885522025969903","input":"what term is used to describe a pair of homologous chromosomes","passages":[{"title":"Homologous chromosome","text":"In the process of crossing - over , genes are exchanged by the breaking and union of homologous portions of the chromosomes ' lengths . Structures called chiasmata are the site of the exchange . Chiasmata physically link the homologous chromosomes once crossing over occurs and throughout the process of chromosomal segregation during meiosis . Both the non-crossover and crossover types of recombination function as processes for repairing DNA damage , particularly double - strand breaks . At the diplotene stage of prophase I the synaptonemal complex disassembles before which will allow the homologous chromosomes to separate , while the sister chromatids stay associated by their centromeres . Metaphase","sentences":["In the process of crossing - over , genes are exchanged by the breaking and union of homologous portions of the chromosomes ' lengths .","Structures called chiasmata are the site of the exchange .","Chiasmata physically link the homologous chromosomes once crossing over occurs and throughout the process of chromosomal segregation during meiosis .","Both the non-crossover and crossover types of recombination function as processes for repairing DNA damage , particularly double - strand breaks .","At the diplotene stage of prophase I the synaptonemal complex disassembles before which will allow the homologous chromosomes to separate , while the sister chromatids stay associated by their centromeres .","Metaphase"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2692687392354096954","input":"what does the movement of air masses cause","passages":[{"title":"Trade winds","text":"The term trade winds originally derives from the early fourteenth century late Middle English word ' trade , ' meaning `` path '' or `` track . '' The Portuguese recognized the importance of the trade winds ( then the Volta do mar , meaning in Portuguese `` turn of the sea '' but also `` return from the sea '' ) in navigation in both the north and south Atlantic ocean as early as the 15th century . From West Africa , the Portuguese had to sail away from continental Africa , that is , to west and northwest . They could then turn northeast , to the area around the Azores islands , and finally east to mainland Europe . They also learned that to reach South Africa , they needed to go far out in the ocean , head for Brazil , and around 30 \u00b0 S go east again . Following the African coast southbound means upwind in the Southern hemisphere . In the Pacific ocean , the full wind circulation , which included both the trade wind easterlies and higher - latitude Westerlies , was unknown to Europeans until Andres de Urdaneta 's voyage in 1565 .","sentences":["The term trade winds originally derives from the early fourteenth century late Middle English word ' trade , ' meaning `` path '' or `` track . ''","The Portuguese recognized the importance of the trade winds ( then the Volta do mar , meaning in Portuguese `` turn of the sea '' but also `` return from the sea '' ) in navigation in both the north and south Atlantic ocean as early as the 15th century .","From West Africa , the Portuguese had to sail away from continental Africa , that is , to west and northwest .","They could then turn northeast , to the area around the Azores islands , and finally east to mainland Europe .","They also learned that to reach South Africa , they needed to go far out in the ocean , head for Brazil , and around 30 \u00b0 S go east again .","Following the African coast southbound means upwind in the Southern hemisphere .","In the Pacific ocean , the full wind circulation , which included both the trade wind easterlies and higher - latitude Westerlies , was unknown to Europeans until Andres de Urdaneta 's voyage in 1565 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5940637869995634552","input":"how were muslim states governed in the early middle ages","passages":[{"title":"Islamic Golden Age","text":"The University of Al Karaouine , founded in 859 AD , is arguably the world 's oldest degree - granting university . The Al - Azhar University was another early university . Islamic `` universities '' of the Middle Ages were in fact madrasas , centers for the study of religious texts and law . Only after the Arabs came in contact with the institutions of higher learning of the Christian Greek Roman Empire during their conquests did the madrasas begin to teach other subjects as well - but the only degree granted remained that of expert in religious law : `` There was no other ' doctorate ' in any other field , no license to teach a field except that of the religious law '' . The madrasa is one of the relics of the Fatimid caliphate . The Fatimids traced their descent to Muhammad 's daughter Fatimah and named the institution using a variant of her honorific title Al - Zahra ( the brilliant ) . Organized instruction in the Al - Azhar Mosque began in 978 .","sentences":["The University of Al Karaouine , founded in 859 AD , is arguably the world 's oldest degree - granting university .","The Al - Azhar University was another early university .","Islamic `` universities '' of the Middle Ages were in fact madrasas , centers for the study of religious texts and law .","Only after the Arabs came in contact with the institutions of higher learning of the Christian Greek Roman Empire during their conquests did the madrasas begin to teach other subjects as well - but the only degree granted remained that of expert in religious law : `` There was no other ' doctorate ' in any other field , no license to teach a field except that of the religious law '' .","The madrasa is one of the relics of the Fatimid caliphate .","The Fatimids traced their descent to Muhammad 's daughter Fatimah and named the institution using a variant of her honorific title Al - Zahra ( the brilliant ) .","Organized instruction in the Al - Azhar Mosque began in 978 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5481067049984901763","input":"how long is the 9th street bridge in ocean city nj","passages":[{"title":"New Jersey Route 52","text":"Route 52 was originally designated in 1937 to run from the Somers Point Circle northwest to Mays Landing . This routing never came about and in 1953 , Route 52 was designated onto its current alignment . County Route 585 ran concurrent with the route south of the Somers Point Circle until 1971 , when it was truncated to end at the Somers Point Circle . The circle was removed in 2010 as part of the bridge reconstruction . In 2006 , construction began on the replacement of the Route 52 causeway that was built in the 1930s over the Great Egg Harbor Bay , beginning with guardrail repairs that reduced traffic to two lanes . In 2008 , the northbound lanes of the causeway were opened to traffic . Construction on the southbound lanes was completed in late 2009 . The entire project was completed in 2012 , including other improvements such as the construction of fishing piers , boat ramps , bike paths , walking trails , gateways , and a new Ocean City Visitor Center . In addition , improvements were made to MacArthur Boulevard that include the addition of a center left - turn lane and the replacement of the Somers Point Circle with a traffic light . This project received $70 million from the stimulus bill signed into law by President Barack Obama in 2009 .","sentences":["Route 52 was originally designated in 1937 to run from the Somers Point Circle northwest to Mays Landing .","This routing never came about and in 1953 , Route 52 was designated onto its current alignment .","County Route 585 ran concurrent with the route south of the Somers Point Circle until 1971 , when it was truncated to end at the Somers Point Circle .","The circle was removed in 2010 as part of the bridge reconstruction .","In 2006 , construction began on the replacement of the Route 52 causeway that was built in the 1930s over the Great Egg Harbor Bay , beginning with guardrail repairs that reduced traffic to two lanes .","In 2008 , the northbound lanes of the causeway were opened to traffic .","Construction on the southbound lanes was completed in late 2009 .","The entire project was completed in 2012 , including other improvements such as the construction of fishing piers , boat ramps , bike paths , walking trails , gateways , and a new Ocean City Visitor Center .","In addition , improvements were made to MacArthur Boulevard that include the addition of a center left - turn lane and the replacement of the Somers Point Circle with a traffic light .","This project received $70 million from the stimulus bill signed into law by President Barack Obama in 2009 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1435363556684334955","input":"why are haiti and dominican republic separate countries","passages":[{"title":"Dominican Republic\u2013Haiti relations","text":"Jump up ^ Press , ed. ( 10 February 2016 ) . `` Acuerdan fomentar el b\u00e9isbol en Hait\u00ed '' . Metro . Retrieved 25 May 2017 . ( in Spanish )","sentences":["Jump up ^","Press , ed.","( 10 February 2016 ) .","`` Acuerdan fomentar el b\u00e9isbol en Hait\u00ed '' .","Metro .","Retrieved 25 May 2017 .","( in Spanish )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5156885577377908382","input":"where do birds feet go when they fly","passages":[{"title":"Bird feet and legs","text":"Zygodactyl : two toes in front ( 2 , 3 ) and two in back ( 1 , 4 ) -- the outermost front toe ( 4 ) is reversed . The zygodactyl arrangement is a case of convergence , because it evolved in birds in different ways nine times . In many perching birds -- most woodpeckers and their allies , ospreys , owls , cuckoos , most parrots , mousebirds , some swifts and cuckoo rollers . Woodpeckers , when climbing , can rotate the outer rear digit ( 4 ) to the side in an ectropodactyl arrangement . Black - backed woodpeckers , Eurasian three - toed woodpeckers and American three - toed woodpeckers have three toes -- the inner rear ( 1 ) is missing and the outer rear ( 4 ) points always backward and never rotates . Owls , ospreys and turacos can rotate the outer toe ( 4 ) back and forth . Heterodactyl : two toes in front ( 3 , 4 ) and two in back ( 2 , 1 ) -- the inner front toe ( 2 ) is reversed ; heterodactyl arrangement exits only exists in trogons . Syndactyl : three toes in front ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) , one in back ( 1 ) ; the outer and middle ( 2 , 3 ) are joined for much of their length . Common in Coraciiformes , including kingfishers and hornbills . Pamprodactyl : two inner toes in front ( 2 , 3 ) , the two outer ( 1 , 4 ) can rotate freely forward and backward . In mousebirds and some swifts . Some swifts move all four digits forward to use them as hooks to hang .","sentences":["Zygodactyl : two toes in front ( 2 , 3 ) and two in back ( 1 , 4 ) -- the outermost front toe ( 4 ) is reversed .","The zygodactyl arrangement is a case of convergence , because it evolved in birds in different ways nine times .","In many perching birds -- most woodpeckers and their allies , ospreys , owls , cuckoos , most parrots , mousebirds , some swifts and cuckoo rollers .","Woodpeckers , when climbing , can rotate the outer rear digit ( 4 ) to the side in an ectropodactyl arrangement .","Black - backed woodpeckers , Eurasian three - toed woodpeckers and American three - toed woodpeckers have three toes -- the inner rear ( 1 ) is missing and the outer rear ( 4 ) points always backward and never rotates .","Owls , ospreys and turacos can rotate the outer toe ( 4 ) back and forth .","Heterodactyl : two toes in front ( 3 , 4 ) and two in back ( 2 , 1 ) -- the inner front toe ( 2 ) is reversed ; heterodactyl arrangement exits only exists in trogons .","Syndactyl : three toes in front ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) , one in back ( 1 ) ; the outer and middle ( 2 , 3 ) are joined for much of their length .","Common in Coraciiformes , including kingfishers and hornbills .","Pamprodactyl : two inner toes in front ( 2 , 3 ) , the two outer ( 1 , 4 ) can rotate freely forward and backward .","In mousebirds and some swifts .","Some swifts move all four digits forward to use them as hooks to hang ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3165661876585956835","input":"how far is andrews tx from lubbock tx","passages":[{"title":"Andrews County, Texas","text":"For years there has been a simmering dispute over which state these waste sites are lawfully a part of : Texas or New Mexico ? The straight north - south border between the two states was originally defined as the 103rd meridian , but the 1859 survey that was supposed to mark that boundary mistakenly set the border between 2.29 and 3.77 miles too far west of that line , making the Waste Control Specialists waste sites , which are west of the 103rd meridian , along with the current towns of Farwell , Texline , and part of Glenrio , appear to be within the State of Texas . New Mexico 's short border with Oklahoma , in contrast , was surveyed on the correct meridian . New Mexico 's draft constitution in 1910 stated that the border is on the 103rd meridian as intended . The disputed strip , hundreds of miles long , includes parts of valuable oilfields of the Permian Basin . A bill was passed in the New Mexico Senate to fund and file a lawsuit in the U.S. Supreme Court to recover the strip from Texas , but the bill did not become law . Today , land in the strip is included in Texas land surveys and the waste sites for all purposes are taxed and governed by Andrews County and The State of Texas .","sentences":["For years there has been a simmering dispute over which state these waste sites are lawfully a part of : Texas or New Mexico ?","The straight north - south border between the two states was originally defined as the 103rd meridian , but the 1859 survey that was supposed to mark that boundary mistakenly set the border between 2.29 and 3.77 miles too far west of that line , making the Waste Control Specialists waste sites , which are west of the 103rd meridian , along with the current towns of Farwell , Texline , and part of Glenrio , appear to be within the State of Texas .","New Mexico 's short border with Oklahoma , in contrast , was surveyed on the correct meridian .","New Mexico 's draft constitution in 1910 stated that the border is on the 103rd meridian as intended .","The disputed strip , hundreds of miles long , includes parts of valuable oilfields of the Permian Basin .","A bill was passed in the New Mexico Senate to fund and file a lawsuit in the U.S. Supreme Court to recover the strip from Texas , but the bill did not become law .","Today , land in the strip is included in Texas land surveys and the waste sites for all purposes are taxed and governed by Andrews County and The State of Texas ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7775776730545771549","input":"when did the tower of london stop being a prison","passages":[{"title":"Tower of London","text":"The beginning of the Tudor period marked the start of the decline of the Tower of London 's use as a royal residence . As 16th - century chronicler Raphael Holinshed said the Tower became used more as `` an armouries and house of munition , and thereunto a place for the safekeeping of offenders than a palace roiall for a king or queen to sojourne in '' . The Yeoman Warders have been the Royal Bodyguard since at least 1509 . During the reign of Henry VIII , the Tower was assessed as needing considerable work on its defences . In 1532 , Thomas Cromwell spent \u00a3 3,593 on repairs and imported nearly 3,000 tons of Caen stone for the work . Even so , this was not sufficient to bring the castle up to the standard of contemporary military fortifications which were designed to withstand powerful artillery . Although the defences were repaired , the palace buildings were left in a state of neglect after Henry 's death . Their condition was so poor that they were virtually uninhabitable . From 1547 onwards , the Tower of London was only used as a royal residence when its political and historic symbolism was considered useful , for instance each of Edward VI , Mary I , and Elizabeth I briefly stayed at the Tower before their coronations .","sentences":["The beginning of the Tudor period marked the start of the decline of the Tower of London 's use as a royal residence .","As 16th - century chronicler Raphael Holinshed said the Tower became used more as `` an armouries and house of munition , and thereunto a place for the safekeeping of offenders than a palace roiall for a king or queen to sojourne in '' .","The Yeoman Warders have been the Royal Bodyguard since at least 1509 .","During the reign of Henry VIII , the Tower was assessed as needing considerable work on its defences .","In 1532 , Thomas Cromwell spent \u00a3 3,593 on repairs and imported nearly 3,000 tons of Caen stone for the work .","Even so , this was not sufficient to bring the castle up to the standard of contemporary military fortifications which were designed to withstand powerful artillery .","Although the defences were repaired , the palace buildings were left in a state of neglect after Henry 's death .","Their condition was so poor that they were virtually uninhabitable .","From 1547 onwards , the Tower of London was only used as a royal residence when its political and historic symbolism was considered useful , for instance each of Edward VI , Mary I , and Elizabeth I briefly stayed at the Tower before their coronations ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2244288448599819353","input":"what is the procedure to print indian currency","passages":[{"title":"Indian rupee","text":"Current circulating banknotes Image Value Main colour Description Date of Issue Circulation Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Watermark \u20b9 1 97 \u00d7 63 mm Green & Pink One - rupee coin Sagar Samrat oil rig Pillars of Ashoka 2015 Non-Valid \u20b9 5 117 \u00d7 63 mm Green Mahatma Gandhi Tractor Mahatma Gandhi 2002 \/ 2009 Limited \u20b9 10 123 x 63 mm Chocolate brown Konark Sun Temple 2018 Wide \u20b9 20 147 \u00d7 63 mm Red - orange Mount Harriet , Port Blair 2001 \/ 2006 Wide \u20b9 50 135 \u00d7 66 mm Aqua Hampi with Chariot 2017 Wide \u20b9 100 142x66 mm Lavender Rani ki Vav 2018 Wide \u20b9 200 146 \u00d7 66 mm Bright yellow Sanchi Stupa 2017 Wide \u20b9 500 150 \u00d7 66 mm Stone grey Red Fort 2016 Wide \u20b9 2000 166 \u00d7 66 mm Magenta Mangalyaan 2016 Wide For table standards , see the banknote specification table .","sentences":["Current circulating banknotes Image Value Main colour Description Date of Issue Circulation Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse Watermark \u20b9 1 97 \u00d7 63","mm Green & Pink One - rupee coin Sagar Samrat oil rig Pillars of Ashoka 2015 Non-Valid \u20b9 5 117 \u00d7 63 mm","Green Mahatma Gandhi Tractor Mahatma Gandhi 2002 \/ 2009 Limited \u20b9 10 123 x 63 mm Chocolate brown Konark Sun Temple 2018 Wide \u20b9 20 147 \u00d7","63","mm Red - orange Mount Harriet , Port Blair 2001 \/ 2006 Wide \u20b9 50 135 \u00d7","66 mm Aqua Hampi with Chariot 2017","Wide \u20b9 100 142x66 mm Lavender Rani ki Vav 2018","Wide \u20b9 200 146 \u00d7 66 mm Bright yellow Sanchi Stupa 2017","Wide \u20b9 500 150 \u00d7 66 mm Stone grey Red Fort 2016 Wide \u20b9 2000 166 \u00d7 66","mm Magenta Mangalyaan 2016","Wide","For table standards , see the banknote specification table ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5941844683715152105","input":"what are the titles of all the star wars movies","passages":[{"title":"Star Wars","text":"Star Wars Created by George Lucas Original work Star Wars ( 1977 ) Owner Lucasfilm ( The Walt Disney Company ) Print publications Novel ( s ) List of novels Comics List of comics Films and television Film ( s ) Skywalker saga ( 9 films ; 1977 -- 2019 ) Anthology ( 2 films ; since 2016 ) full list ... Television series The Mandalorian ( 2019 ) Animated series The Clone Wars ( since 2008 ) Rebels ( 2014 -- 18 ) Resistance ( since 2018 ) full list ... Games Role - playing List of RPGs Video game ( s ) List of video games Audio Radio program ( s ) List of radio dramas Original music Music Miscellaneous Toys Toys Theme park attractions List of theme park attractions","sentences":["Star Wars Created by George Lucas Original work Star Wars ( 1977 )","Owner Lucasfilm ( The Walt Disney Company ) Print publications","Novel","( s ) List of novels Comics List of comics Films and television Film ( s ) Skywalker saga ( 9 films ; 1977 -- 2019 )","Anthology ( 2 films ; since 2016 ) full list ...","Television series The Mandalorian ( 2019 )","Animated series The Clone Wars ( since 2008 )","Rebels ( 2014 -- 18 ) Resistance ( since 2018 ) full list ...","Games Role - playing List of RPGs Video game ( s ) List of video games Audio Radio program ( s ) List of radio dramas Original music Music Miscellaneous Toys","Toys Theme park attractions List of theme park attractions"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3427858500109783729","input":"when does the next muppet movie come out","passages":[{"title":"The Muppet Movie","text":"Dom DeLuise as Bernie , a Hollywood agent who meets Kermit in the swamp . The character 's name is a reference to Bernie Brillstein , talent agent and producer of The Muppet Show . James Coburn as El Sleezo Caf\u00e9 Owner Madeline Kahn as an El Sleezo Patron , with the same rhotacism and personality Kahn used for Lili von Shtupp in Blazing Saddles Telly Savalas as El Sleezo Tough Carol Kane as `` Myth '' ( summoned by name ) Paul Williams as El Sleezo Pianist Milton Berle as Mad Man Mooney , a used car salesman for whom Sweetums worked as a jack . Elliott Gould as Comp\u00e8re , who announces Miss Piggy as the winner of the Bogen County Beauty Pageant Edgar Bergen as Himself and Charlie McCarthy , playing judges at the Bogen County Fair . This would be Bergen 's final film role , as he died shortly after his scene was filmed . Bob Hope as Ice Cream Vendor Richard Pryor as Balloon Vendor , a man who sells balloons to Gonzo at the Bogen County Fair . Steve Martin as Insolent Waiter , a sarcastic waiter that works at the motel that Rowlf used to work at . Mel Brooks as Professor Max Krassman , a mad scientist who is hired by Doc Hopper . Cloris Leachman as Miss Tracy , Lew Lord 's secretary who is allergic to animals . Orson Welles as Lew Lord , a Hollywood producer and studio executive . The character 's name is a reference to Sir Lew Grade , head of British company , ATV , which co-produced the original Muppet Show .","sentences":["Dom DeLuise as Bernie , a Hollywood agent who meets Kermit in the swamp .","The character 's name is a reference to Bernie Brillstein , talent agent and producer of The Muppet Show .","James Coburn as El Sleezo Caf\u00e9 Owner Madeline Kahn as an El Sleezo Patron , with the same rhotacism and personality Kahn used for Lili von Shtupp in Blazing Saddles Telly Savalas as El Sleezo Tough Carol Kane as `` Myth '' ( summoned by name )","Paul Williams as El Sleezo Pianist Milton Berle as Mad Man Mooney , a used car salesman for whom Sweetums worked as a jack .","Elliott Gould as Comp\u00e8re , who announces Miss Piggy as the winner of the Bogen County Beauty Pageant Edgar Bergen as Himself and Charlie McCarthy , playing judges at the Bogen County Fair .","This would be Bergen 's final film role , as he died shortly after his scene was filmed .","Bob Hope as Ice Cream Vendor Richard Pryor as Balloon Vendor , a man who sells balloons to Gonzo at the Bogen County Fair .","Steve Martin as Insolent Waiter , a sarcastic waiter that works at the motel that Rowlf used to work at .","Mel Brooks as Professor Max Krassman , a mad scientist who is hired by Doc Hopper .","Cloris Leachman as Miss Tracy , Lew Lord 's secretary who is allergic to animals .","Orson Welles as Lew Lord , a Hollywood producer and studio executive .","The character 's name is a reference to Sir Lew Grade , head of British company , ATV , which co-produced the original Muppet Show ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7811551177316458351","input":"how can you tell the age of a french car","passages":[{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of France","text":"Registration plates issued after 2009 must be displayed in accordance with the 9 February 2009 Order ( French : Arr\u00eat\u00e9 du 9 f\u00e9vrier 2009 ) . They must be made of reflex - reflecting material , white at the front and rear , with black non-reflecting characters . Characters may be displayed on one or two lines . The industry standard size number plate is 520 mm \u00d7 110 mm ( 20.5 in \u00d7 4.3 in ) or 520 mm \u00d7 120 mm ( 20.5 in \u00d7 4.7 in ) if it includes a horizontal cartouche to display information about the car dealer . The left side of the plate must contain a blue band with the letter F for France under the stars of the European flag . A similar band must be present on the right side to display a d\u00e9partment code and the symbol of the region where the d\u00e9partment is located .","sentences":["Registration plates issued after 2009 must be displayed in accordance with the 9 February 2009 Order ( French : Arr\u00eat\u00e9 du 9 f\u00e9vrier 2009 ) .","They must be made of reflex - reflecting material , white at the front and rear , with black non-reflecting characters .","Characters may be displayed on one or two lines .","The industry standard size number plate is 520 mm \u00d7 110 mm ( 20.5 in \u00d7 4.3 in ) or 520 mm \u00d7","120 mm ( 20.5 in \u00d7 4.7 in ) if it includes a horizontal cartouche to display information about the car dealer .","The left side of the plate must contain a blue band with the letter F for France under the stars of the European flag .","A similar band must be present on the right side to display a d\u00e9partment code and the symbol of the region where the d\u00e9partment is located ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-102741997937271366","input":"where do you find oil fields in canada","passages":[{"title":"Oil reserves in Canada","text":"Oil reserves in Canada were estimated at 172 billion barrels ( 27 \u00d7 10 ^ m ) as of the start of 2015 . This figure includes the oil sands reserves that are estimated by government regulators to be economically producible at current prices using current technology . According to this figure , Canada 's reserves are third only to Venezuela and Saudi Arabia . Over 95 % of these reserves are in the oil sands deposits in the province of Alberta . Alberta contains nearly all of Canada 's oil sands and much of its conventional oil reserves . The balance is concentrated in several other provinces and territories . Saskatchewan and offshore areas of Newfoundland in particular have substantial oil production and reserves . Alberta has 39 % of Canada 's remaining conventional oil reserves , offshore Newfoundland 28 % and Saskatchewan 27 % , but if oil sands are included , Alberta 's share is over 98 % .","sentences":["Oil reserves in Canada were estimated at 172 billion barrels ( 27 \u00d7 10 ^ m ) as of the start of 2015 .","This figure includes the oil sands reserves that are estimated by government regulators to be economically producible at current prices using current technology .","According to this figure , Canada 's reserves are third only to Venezuela and Saudi Arabia .","Over 95 % of these reserves are in the oil sands deposits in the province of Alberta .","Alberta contains nearly all of Canada 's oil sands and much of its conventional oil reserves .","The balance is concentrated in several other provinces and territories .","Saskatchewan and offshore areas of Newfoundland in particular have substantial oil production and reserves .","Alberta has 39 % of Canada 's remaining conventional oil reserves , offshore Newfoundland 28 % and Saskatchewan 27 % , but if oil sands are included , Alberta 's share is over 98 % ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7680128339206087777","input":"who attacked rafe on days of our lives","passages":[{"title":"Rafe Hernandez","text":"Rafe begin starting having a feud with EJ over Sami . Rafe was bothered by Sami being with EJ and became jealous by EJ being around Sami . He could n't stand see Sami with EJ . However Rafe rekindle old feelings with Sami . Rafe ca n't stand Sami being with EJ went over to Sami 's apartment and told her that EJ was n't good enough for her . And that was he a rat and ended up kissing Sami and than leaving . This would lead to a big fight between EJ and Rafe where John and Lucas broke it up . Rafe would get back together with Sami but was still lying about Nicole 's baby being his and continue to keep EJ from the baby . Which only added to the problems between EJ and Rafe but Rafe found out that Gabi was behind Melanie 's kidnapped . Rafe told Gabi not to tell anyone however EJ find out from Chad and blackmail Rafe into breaking up with Sami . Rafe agree to it but Nick would blackmail Chad into keep sigh agreement Sami would find out , what EJ did and was mad at him and got back with Rafe . However Rafe never told Sami the truth while continue to act like the father of Nicole 's baby and lied to Sami . Whenever she asks him , told Sami the baby was his . But Nicole would lost the baby , Rafe and Nicole agree to still pretend that the baby was Rafe , and not EJ . EJ however would show up at Rafe 's apartment just when Rafe and Sami were about to make love . EJ played a record of Nicole confessing that the baby was EJ . Sami went off on Rafe after EJ left . Rafe try to explain but Sami would have none of it . Sami got even angry when she found out that Rafe told Carrie when he did n't tell her the truth . Sami broke up with Rafe and walked out on him .","sentences":["Rafe begin starting having a feud with EJ over Sami .","Rafe was bothered by Sami being with EJ and became jealous by EJ being around Sami .","He could n't stand see Sami with EJ .","However Rafe rekindle old feelings with Sami .","Rafe ca n't stand Sami being with EJ went over to Sami 's apartment and told her that EJ was n't good enough for her .","And that was he a rat and ended up kissing Sami and than leaving .","This would lead to a big fight between EJ and Rafe where John and Lucas broke it up .","Rafe would get back together with Sami but was still lying about Nicole 's baby being his and continue to keep EJ from the baby .","Which only added to the problems between EJ and Rafe but Rafe found out that Gabi was behind Melanie 's kidnapped .","Rafe told Gabi not to tell anyone however EJ find out from Chad and blackmail Rafe into breaking up with Sami .","Rafe agree to it but Nick would blackmail Chad into keep sigh agreement Sami would find out , what EJ did and was mad at him and got back with Rafe .","However Rafe never told Sami the truth while continue to act like the father of Nicole 's baby and lied to Sami .","Whenever she asks him , told Sami the baby was his .","But Nicole would lost the baby , Rafe and Nicole agree to still pretend that the baby was Rafe , and not EJ .","EJ however would show up at Rafe 's apartment just when Rafe and Sami were about to make love .","EJ played a record of Nicole confessing that the baby was EJ .","Sami went off on Rafe after EJ left .","Rafe try to explain but Sami would have none of it .","Sami got even angry when she found out that Rafe told Carrie when he did n't tell her the truth .","Sami broke up with Rafe and walked out on him ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4101394400047949239","input":"what mountain range divides southern asia from the far east","passages":[{"title":"Geography of Asia","text":"A third definition emphasizes transformation in place from one continent to another . Fahey at first defines Turkey as transcontinental by virtue of being in both Anatolia and the Balkans , neglecting the historical circumstance that the Balkans as part of the Ottoman Empire were once Asian , as was much of North Africa . He then hypothesizes that Turkey , accepted into the European Union , is defined by that circumstance to be European . By this usage , the very region to which `` Asia '' was first applied is now Europe . If it is , Turkey can not be transcontinental by being split between two continents . This sort of paradox only underlines that Asia has no precise definition in the same way that nations do , to whom a mere 100 yards of border may be of great concern .","sentences":["A third definition emphasizes transformation in place from one continent to another .","Fahey at first defines Turkey as transcontinental by virtue of being in both Anatolia and the Balkans , neglecting the historical circumstance that the Balkans as part of the Ottoman Empire were once Asian , as was much of North Africa .","He then hypothesizes that Turkey , accepted into the European Union , is defined by that circumstance to be European .","By this usage , the very region to which `` Asia '' was first applied is now Europe .","If it is , Turkey can not be transcontinental by being split between two continents .","This sort of paradox only underlines that Asia has no precise definition in the same way that nations do , to whom a mere 100 yards of border may be of great concern ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2848840264829887566","input":"can you grow a beard in the us navy","passages":[{"title":"Facial hair in the military","text":"In the Royal Netherlands Army , officers and soldiers may only grow beards after permission has been obtained . As in many other armies , automatic permission is given for certain medical conditions . Mustaches may be grown without asking permission . Beards are worn at times by the Royal Netherlands Marines and by Royal Netherlands Navy personnel . All facial hair in the Netherlands armed forces is subject to instant removal when operational circumstances demand it . Recent operations in Afghanistan under the ISAF have seen a trend of growing `` tour beards '' , both for bonding and as a way of advancing contacts with the Afghan population , who regard a full beard as a sign of manhood . A beard without a mustache is uncommon in the Netherlands .","sentences":["In the Royal Netherlands Army , officers and soldiers may only grow beards after permission has been obtained .","As in many other armies , automatic permission is given for certain medical conditions .","Mustaches may be grown without asking permission .","Beards are worn at times by the Royal Netherlands Marines and by Royal Netherlands Navy personnel .","All facial hair in the Netherlands armed forces is subject to instant removal when operational circumstances demand it .","Recent operations in Afghanistan under the ISAF have seen a trend of growing `` tour beards '' , both for bonding and as a way of advancing contacts with the Afghan population , who regard a full beard as a sign of manhood .","A beard without a mustache is uncommon in the Netherlands ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6522777171223160963","input":"what type of forces act through field of influence","passages":[{"title":"Force field (physics)","text":"\u222e C \u2061 F \u2192 \u22c5 d r \u2192 = 0 ( \\ displaystyle \\ oint _ ( C ) ( \\ vec ( F ) ) \\ cdot d ( \\ vec ( r ) ) = 0 )","sentences":["\u222e C \u2061 F \u2192 \u22c5 d r \u2192 = 0","( \\ displaystyle \\ oint _","( C )","( \\ vec ( F ) )","\\ cdot d","( \\ vec ( r ) ) = 0 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5906884251188180184","input":"how can time slow down at the speed of light","passages":[{"title":"Time dilation","text":"v ( t ) = g t + v 0 \u03b3 0 1 + ( g t + v 0 \u03b3 0 ) 2 c 2 . ( \\ displaystyle v ( t ) = ( \\ frac ( gt + v_ ( 0 ) \\ gamma _ ( 0 ) ) ( \\ sqrt ( 1 + ( \\ frac ( \\ left ( gt + v_ ( 0 ) \\ gamma _ ( 0 ) \\ right ) ^ ( 2 ) ) ( c ^ ( 2 ) ) ) ) ) ) . )","sentences":["v ( t ) = g t","+ v 0","\u03b3 0 1","+ ( g t + v 0","\u03b3 0 ) 2 c 2 .","( \\ displaystyle v ( t ) =","( \\ frac ( gt + v_ ( 0 ) \\ gamma _","( 0 ) )","( \\ sqrt ( 1 + ( \\ frac ( \\ left ( gt + v_ ( 0 ) \\ gamma _","( 0 )","\\ right )","^","( 2 ) )","( c ^ ( 2 ) ) ) ) ) ) . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2515603261204716844","input":"when does nathan come back in gossip girl","passages":[{"title":"Nate Archibald (Gossip Girl)","text":"Nathaniel Archibald was born to Captain Howard Archibald , a successful business magnate , and Anne Vanderbilt Archibald , a member of the Vanderbilt family . On the surface , Nate seems to be the perfect `` Golden Boy '' of the Upper East Side . He is best friends with Chuck Bass , with whom he attends the elite St. Jude 's School for Boys . Nate has been with girlfriend Blair Waldorf `` since kindergarten '' . However , he secretly harbors feelings for Blair 's best friend , Serena van der Woodsen . They shared a sordid one night stand before the show began , which caused her departure to boarding school . Nate 's feelings for Blair are complicated by his ongoing infatuation with Serena and his parents ' determination to keep him on a certain path . He later goes on to attend Columbia University .","sentences":["Nathaniel Archibald was born to Captain Howard Archibald , a successful business magnate , and Anne Vanderbilt Archibald , a member of the Vanderbilt family .","On the surface , Nate seems to be the perfect `` Golden Boy '' of the Upper East Side .","He is best friends with Chuck Bass , with whom he attends the elite St. Jude 's School for Boys .","Nate has been with girlfriend Blair Waldorf `` since kindergarten '' .","However , he secretly harbors feelings for Blair 's best friend , Serena van der Woodsen .","They shared a sordid one night stand before the show began , which caused her departure to boarding school .","Nate 's feelings for Blair are complicated by his ongoing infatuation with Serena and his parents ' determination to keep him on a certain path .","He later goes on to attend Columbia University ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6945135603263216628","input":"where is water not reabsorbed in the nephron","passages":[{"title":"Reabsorption","text":"In renal physiology , reabsorption or tubular reabsorption is the process by which the nephron removes water and solutes from the tubular fluid ( pre-urine ) and returns them to the circulating blood . It is called reabsorption ( and not absorption ) both because these substances have already been absorbed once ( particularly in the intestines ) and because the body is reclaiming them from a post glomerular fluid stream that is well on its way to becoming urine ( that is , they will soon be lost to the urine unless they are reclaimed ) . Substances are reabsorbed from the tubule into the peritubular capillaries . This happens as a result of sodium transport from the lumen into the blood by the Na \/ K ATPase in the basolateral membrane of the epithelial cells . Thus , the glomerular filtrate becomes more concentrated , which is one of the steps in forming urine . Reabsorption allows many useful solutes ( primarily glucose and amino acids ) , salts and water that have passed through Bowman 's capsule , to return to the circulation . These solutes are reabsorbed isotonically , in that the osmotic potential of the fluid leaving the proximal convoluted tubule is the same as that of the initial glomerular filtrate . However , glucose , amino acids , inorganic phosphate , and some other solutes are reabsorbed via secondary active transport through cotransport channels driven by the sodium gradient .","sentences":["In renal physiology , reabsorption or tubular reabsorption is the process by which the nephron removes water and solutes from the tubular fluid ( pre-urine ) and returns them to the circulating blood .","It is called reabsorption ( and not absorption ) both because these substances have already been absorbed once ( particularly in the intestines ) and because the body is reclaiming them from a post glomerular fluid stream that is well on its way to becoming urine ( that is , they will soon be lost to the urine unless they are reclaimed ) .","Substances are reabsorbed from the tubule into the peritubular capillaries .","This happens as a result of sodium transport from the lumen into the blood by the Na \/ K ATPase in the basolateral membrane of the epithelial cells .","Thus , the glomerular filtrate becomes more concentrated , which is one of the steps in forming urine .","Reabsorption allows many useful solutes ( primarily glucose and amino acids ) , salts and water that have passed through Bowman 's capsule , to return to the circulation .","These solutes are reabsorbed isotonically , in that the osmotic potential of the fluid leaving the proximal convoluted tubule is the same as that of the initial glomerular filtrate .","However , glucose , amino acids , inorganic phosphate , and some other solutes are reabsorbed via secondary active transport through cotransport channels driven by the sodium gradient ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1007699138425952139","input":"when was series 8 ex on the beach filmed","passages":[{"title":"Ex on the Beach (series 8)","text":"The official list of cast members were released on 20 February 2018 . They include four boys ; Marcel Stevens , Sam Lonsdale , Tom Litten and Zach Tull , and four girls : Charlotte Hughes , Katie Champ , Marnie Simpson and Sofia Filipe . Marnie has previously appeared as a cast member on Geordie Shore . With the announcement of the line - up it was also confirmed that Marnie 's ex-boyfriend and former Stereo Kicks and Union J singer Casey Johnson would be arriving on the beach as an ex , as well as Kyle Walker . They had all previously appeared together on MTV 's Single AF . Former Ibiza Weekender cast member Laura Louise will also feature as an ex .","sentences":["The official list of cast members were released on 20 February 2018 .","They include four boys ; Marcel Stevens , Sam Lonsdale , Tom Litten and Zach Tull , and four girls : Charlotte Hughes , Katie Champ , Marnie Simpson and Sofia Filipe .","Marnie has previously appeared as a cast member on Geordie Shore .","With the announcement of the line - up it was also confirmed that Marnie 's ex-boyfriend and former Stereo Kicks and Union J singer Casey Johnson would be arriving on the beach as an ex , as well as Kyle Walker .","They had all previously appeared together on MTV 's Single AF .","Former Ibiza Weekender cast member Laura Louise will also feature as an ex ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5744829512454285987","input":"what are some provisions of the 14th amendment","passages":[{"title":"Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution","text":"1876 : Munn v. Illinois 1887 : Mugler v. Kansas 1897 : Allgeyer v. Louisiana 1905 : Lochner v. New York 1908 : Muller v. Oregon 1923 : Adkins v. Children 's Hospital 1923 : Meyer v. Nebraska 1925 : Pierce v. Society of Sisters 1934 : Nebbia v. New York 1937 : West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish 1965 : Griswold v. Connecticut 1973 : Roe v. Wade 1992 : Planned Parenthood v. Casey 1996 : BMW of North America , Inc. v. Gore 1997 : Washington v. Glucksberg 2003 : State Farm v. Campbell 2003 : Lawrence v. Texas 2015 : Obergefell v. Hodges","sentences":["1876 :","Munn v. Illinois 1887 : Mugler v. Kansas 1897 :","Allgeyer v. Louisiana 1905 : Lochner v. New York 1908 :","Muller v. Oregon 1923 :","Adkins v. Children 's Hospital 1923 : Meyer v. Nebraska 1925 :","Pierce v. Society of Sisters 1934 : Nebbia v. New York 1937 :","West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish 1965 :","Griswold v. Connecticut 1973 :","Roe v. Wade 1992 : Planned Parenthood v. Casey 1996 : BMW of North America , Inc. v. Gore 1997 :","Washington v. Glucksberg 2003 : State Farm v. Campbell 2003 :","Lawrence v. Texas 2015 :","Obergefell v. Hodges"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2647363112218610356","input":"where is buddhism widely practiced today open study","passages":[{"title":"Chinese Buddhism","text":"When the famous monk Kum\u0101raj\u012bva was captured during the Chinese conquest of the Buddhist kingdom of Kucha , he was imprisoned for many years . When he was released in AD 401 , he immediately took a high place in Chinese Buddhism and was appraised as a great master from the West . He was especially valued by Emperor Yao Xing of the state of Later Qin , who gave him an honorific title and treated him like a god . Kum\u0101raj\u012bva revolutionized Chinese Buddhism with his high quality translations ( from AD 402 -- 413 ) , which are still praised for their flowing smoothness , clarity of meaning , subtlety , and literary skill . Due to the efforts of Kum\u0101raj\u012bva , Buddhism in China became not only recognized for its practice methods , but also as high philosophy and religion . The arrival of Kum\u0101raj\u012bva also set a standard for Chinese translations of Buddhist texts , effectively doing away with previous concept - matching systems .","sentences":["When the famous monk Kum\u0101raj\u012bva was captured during the Chinese conquest of the Buddhist kingdom of Kucha , he was imprisoned for many years .","When he was released in AD 401 , he immediately took a high place in Chinese Buddhism and was appraised as a great master from the West .","He was especially valued by Emperor Yao Xing of the state of Later Qin , who gave him an honorific title and treated him like a god .","Kum\u0101raj\u012bva revolutionized Chinese Buddhism with his high quality translations ( from AD 402 -- 413 ) , which are still praised for their flowing smoothness , clarity of meaning , subtlety , and literary skill .","Due to the efforts of Kum\u0101raj\u012bva , Buddhism in China became not only recognized for its practice methods , but also as high philosophy and religion .","The arrival of Kum\u0101raj\u012bva also set a standard for Chinese translations of Buddhist texts , effectively doing away with previous concept - matching systems ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1913803282446505651","input":"where did the fortress of solitude come from","passages":[{"title":"Fortress of Solitude","text":"When the crystal was later recovered by Lex 's sister , Tess Mercer , as she searched for the now deceased Lex in Northern Greenland , Clark successfully rebuilt the Fortress to resume his training with Jor - El as well as to remove Brainiac from Chloe Sullivan . After completing this Jor - El told Kal - El that he was proud of him and will help in his fight with Doomsday . After Clark leaves Brainiac who has been hiding within the crystal console in his liquid form takes over the Fortress and changes the entire building black and produces the symbol for `` Doom '' on the floor . Chloe is then brought back to the Fortress after Doomsday crashed her and Jimmy 's wedding where Brainiac downloads himself into Chloe leaving the Fortress itself and began to physically download all the knowledge into himself via Chloe . Brainiac then places Davis Bloom , Doomsday 's human form in a Kryptonian chamber where it will take days to permanently transform him into Doomsday . After Brainiac was defeated by Clark and the Legion of Super Hero 's Brainiac 's connection to the Fortress was terminated and all the knowledge he stole returned as well as the Fortress turning back white . A few months after Jimmy was killed Clark was able to repair the Fortress and his connection to Jor - El to resume his Kryptonian training . Although fully repaired there were still a number crystallized pillars that were still black after Brainiac was defeated . However , it was discovered that the Fortress was repairing itself and by the following year after Clark defeated Zod all the black crystal pillars were destroyed with Fortress of Solitude fully repaired and purged of corruption ready to serve Clark in his quest to become Superman . During the series ' tenth and final season , the Fortress became home to a Martha Kent - crafted , classic Superman costume , which Clark would go on to don in the final episode . Rather than being specifically made for the production , the costume was originally designed and created for Brandon Routh to wear in Superman Returns .","sentences":["When the crystal was later recovered by Lex 's sister , Tess Mercer , as she searched for the now deceased Lex in Northern Greenland , Clark successfully rebuilt the Fortress to resume his training with Jor - El as well as to remove Brainiac from Chloe Sullivan .","After completing this Jor - El told Kal - El that he was proud of him and will help in his fight with Doomsday .","After Clark leaves Brainiac who has been hiding within the crystal console in his liquid form takes over the Fortress and changes the entire building black and produces the symbol for `` Doom '' on the floor .","Chloe is then brought back to the Fortress after Doomsday crashed her and Jimmy 's wedding where Brainiac downloads himself into Chloe leaving the Fortress itself and began to physically download all the knowledge into himself via Chloe .","Brainiac then places Davis Bloom , Doomsday 's human form in a Kryptonian chamber where it will take days to permanently transform him into Doomsday .","After Brainiac was defeated by Clark and the Legion of Super Hero 's Brainiac 's connection to the Fortress was terminated and all the knowledge he stole returned as well as the Fortress turning back white .","A few months after Jimmy was killed Clark was able to repair the Fortress and his connection to Jor - El to resume his Kryptonian training .","Although fully repaired there were still a number crystallized pillars that were still black after Brainiac was defeated .","However , it was discovered that the Fortress was repairing itself and by the following year after Clark defeated Zod all the black crystal pillars were destroyed with Fortress of Solitude fully repaired and purged of corruption ready to serve Clark in his quest to become Superman .","During the series ' tenth and final season , the Fortress became home to a Martha Kent - crafted , classic Superman costume , which Clark would go on to don in the final episode .","Rather than being specifically made for the production , the costume was originally designed and created for Brandon Routh to wear in Superman Returns ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-915412014915413591","input":"in germany give(s) employees the right to participate in personnel decisions","passages":[{"title":"Codetermination in Germany","text":"1848 The Frankfurt Parliament processed a minority proposal for industry organisation that included boundaries for corporate power by setting up works councils . 1850 The first workers ' committees were established in four printing houses in Eilenburg , Saxony . 1891 After the repeal of the Sozialistengesetz workers ' committees could be founded freely . However , this happened only where there were active unions . 1905 In reaction to a strike in the Ruhr coalmines , the Prussian Berggesetz introduced workers ' committees in mining companies with more than 100 workers . 1916 The Auxiliary Services Act ( 1916 ) ( Gesetz des Vaterl\u00e4ndischen Hilfsdiensts ) created workers ' committees for all companies producing for the war effort with more than 50 workers . These committees had the right to be consulted in social affairs . 1920 The Betriebsr\u00e4tegesetz ( Works Council Act ) mandated consultative bodies for workers in businesses with more than 20 employees . The social and economic interests of workers were to be represented and considered to the management . 1934 After the Nazis seized power , works councils were abolished and unions were broken up . 1946 \/ 47 The Allied Control Council , through the Kontrollratsgesetz No. 22 , allowed works councils as in the Weimar Republic . 1951 The Montan - Mitbestimmungsgesetz ( Coal , Steel and Mining Codetermination Law ) required codetermination in businesses with more than 1,000 employees through workers ' representatives making up one half of the supervisory boards . 1952 The Betriebsverfassungsgesetz mandated participation of workers at shopfloor level through works councils . 1955 The Bundespersonalvertretungsgesetz allowed codetermination among members of the civil services in the Federation and the German states . 1972 The Betriebsverfassungsgesetz was updated and reissued . 1976 The Mitbestimmungsgesetz required codetermination in all companies with more than 2,000 employees .","sentences":["1848","The Frankfurt Parliament processed a minority proposal for industry organisation that included boundaries for corporate power by setting up works councils .","1850","The first workers ' committees were established in four printing houses in Eilenburg , Saxony .","1891","After the repeal of the Sozialistengesetz workers ' committees could be founded freely .","However , this happened only where there were active unions .","1905","In reaction to a strike in the Ruhr coalmines , the Prussian Berggesetz introduced workers ' committees in mining companies with more than 100 workers .","1916","The Auxiliary Services Act ( 1916 ) ( Gesetz des Vaterl\u00e4ndischen Hilfsdiensts ) created workers ' committees for all companies producing for the war effort with more than 50 workers .","These committees had the right to be consulted in social affairs .","1920","The Betriebsr\u00e4tegesetz ( Works Council Act ) mandated consultative bodies for workers in businesses with more than 20 employees .","The social and economic interests of workers were to be represented and considered to the management .","1934 After the Nazis seized power , works councils were abolished and unions were broken up .","1946 \/","47","The Allied Control Council , through the Kontrollratsgesetz No. 22 , allowed works councils as in the Weimar Republic .","1951","The Montan - Mitbestimmungsgesetz ( Coal , Steel and Mining Codetermination Law ) required codetermination in businesses with more than 1,000 employees through workers ' representatives making up one half of the supervisory boards .","1952","The Betriebsverfassungsgesetz mandated participation of workers at shopfloor level through works councils .","1955","The Bundespersonalvertretungsgesetz allowed codetermination among members of the civil services in the Federation and the German states .","1972","The Betriebsverfassungsgesetz was updated and reissued .","1976","The Mitbestimmungsgesetz required codetermination in all companies with more than 2,000 employees ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1155794800775695725","input":"what kind of animal is king julian's friend","passages":[{"title":"List of Madagascar (franchise) characters","text":"Jeffrey : Jeffrey is a random lemur of the kingdom . He has no lines . He appeared in the episode ' Fast Food Lemur Nation . ' Jeffrey is not a well - known character . His name is revealed when King Julien says hi to him while he , along with the whole kingdom , was being magnetized by a gigantic magnet . Jeffrey is the same color as most of the kingdom , which is light gray . His status is unknown because he is never seen or mentioned again after that .","sentences":["Jeffrey : Jeffrey is a random lemur of the kingdom .","He has no lines .","He appeared in the episode ' Fast Food Lemur Nation . '","Jeffrey is not a well - known character .","His name is revealed when King Julien says hi to him while he , along with the whole kingdom , was being magnetized by a gigantic magnet .","Jeffrey is the same color as most of the kingdom , which is light gray .","His status is unknown because he is never seen or mentioned again after that ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2623628381486944329","input":"what is the weather in london year round","passages":[{"title":"Climate of London","text":"Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 51.6 ( 2.031 ) 38.2 ( 1.504 ) 40.5 ( 1.594 ) 45.0 ( 1.772 ) 46.5 ( 1.831 ) 47.3 ( 1.862 ) 41.1 ( 1.618 ) 51.6 ( 2.031 ) 50.4 ( 1.984 ) 68.8 ( 2.709 ) 58.0 ( 2.283 ) 53.0 ( 2.087 ) 592 ( 23.306 )","sentences":["Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 51.6 ( 2.031 ) 38.2 ( 1.504 ) 40.5 ( 1.594 ) 45.0 ( 1.772 ) 46.5","( 1.831 ) 47.3 ( 1.862 ) 41.1","( 1.618 ) 51.6 ( 2.031 ) 50.4","( 1.984 ) 68.8 ( 2.709 ) 58.0","( 2.283 ) 53.0 ( 2.087 )","592 ( 23.306 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6603849494755371164","input":"a mac address is used on what layer of the osi model","passages":[{"title":"OSI model","text":"The application layer is the OSI layer closest to the end user , which means both the OSI application layer and the user interact directly with the software application . This layer interacts with software applications that implement a communicating component . Such application programs fall outside the scope of the OSI model . Application - layer functions typically include identifying communication partners , determining resource availability , and synchronizing communication . When identifying communication partners , the application layer determines the identity and availability of communication partners for an application with data to transmit . The most important distinction in the application layer is the distinction between the application - entity and the application . For example , a reservation website might have two application - entities : one using HTTP to communicate with its users , and one for a remote database protocol to record reservations . Neither of these protocols have anything to do with reservations . That logic is in the application itself . The application layer per se has no means to determine the availability of resources in the network .","sentences":["The application layer is the OSI layer closest to the end user , which means both the OSI application layer and the user interact directly with the software application .","This layer interacts with software applications that implement a communicating component .","Such application programs fall outside the scope of the OSI model .","Application - layer functions typically include identifying communication partners , determining resource availability , and synchronizing communication .","When identifying communication partners , the application layer determines the identity and availability of communication partners for an application with data to transmit .","The most important distinction in the application layer is the distinction between the application - entity and the application .","For example , a reservation website might have two application - entities : one using HTTP to communicate with its users , and one for a remote database protocol to record reservations .","Neither of these protocols have anything to do with reservations .","That logic is in the application itself .","The application layer per se has no means to determine the availability of resources in the network ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"388511700029490670","input":"who sang the power of love in the 80s","passages":[{"title":"The Power of Love (Jennifer Rush song)","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1984 -- 86 ) Peak position Australia ( KMR ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada ( RPM ) Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) France ( SNEP ) 32 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 9 Ireland ( IRMA ) Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 7 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) Norway ( VG - lista ) Spain ( PROMUSICAE ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 57 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1985 ) Position Australia ( KMR ) 23 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 45 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 49 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) 19 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) Chart ( 1986 ) Position Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) 14 Canada ( RPM ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) 21 Decade - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1980 -- 89 ) Position UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 9 All - time charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1952 -- 2014 ) Position UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 41","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1984 -- 86 ) Peak position Australia ( KMR ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada ( RPM )","Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) France ( SNEP ) 32 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 9 Ireland ( IRMA )","Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 7","New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ )","Norway ( VG - lista )","Spain ( PROMUSICAE ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan )","Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 57 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1985 )","Position Australia ( KMR ) 23 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 45 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 )","49 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) 19 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","Chart ( 1986 ) Position Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) 14","Canada ( RPM ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade )","21 Decade - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1980 -- 89 ) Position UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","9 All - time charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1952 -- 2014 )","Position UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 41"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4863825561638568960","input":"how do you score in the card game golf","passages":[{"title":"Golf (card game)","text":"It can be played single or double pack . Each player receives four cards face down in a 2 \u00d7 2 grid and looks at two before play begins . Thereafter , players do not look at their face - down cards ; however , there is a house rule that players may take a stroke ( gain one point ) to look at one of these cards again . Play proceeds as in six - card golf , but a player may knock ( instead of drawing ) at any time -- even before all of the players cards have been swapped for face - up cards -- and then all other players have one chance to improve their hands before scores are tallied . Pairs are counted vertically , with diagonal pairs being an optional rule . Each card from 2 to 10 represents its own points ( i.e. any 3 card is worth three points , any 10 card is worth ten points , and so on ) . Aces are one point , jacks are eleven , queens are twelve and kings thirteen points . The goal is to get the fewest points .","sentences":["It can be played single or double pack .","Each player receives four cards face down in a 2 \u00d7 2 grid and looks at two before play begins .","Thereafter , players do not look at their face - down cards ; however , there is a house rule that players may take a stroke ( gain one point ) to look at one of these cards again .","Play proceeds as in six - card golf , but a player may knock ( instead of drawing ) at any time -- even before all of the players cards have been swapped for face - up cards -- and then all other players have one chance to improve their hands before scores are tallied .","Pairs are counted vertically , with diagonal pairs being an optional rule .","Each card from 2 to 10 represents its own points ( i.e. any 3 card is worth three points , any 10 card is worth ten points , and so on ) .","Aces are one point , jacks are eleven , queens are twelve and kings thirteen points .","The goal is to get the fewest points ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2276851163977381211","input":"who was president of india when first nuclear explosion was tested","passages":[{"title":"Pokhran-II","text":"Shakti I -- A thermonuclear device yielding 45 kt , but designed for up to 200 kt . Shakti II -- A plutonium implosion design yielding 15 kt and intended as a warhead that could be delivered by bomber or missile . It was an improvement of the device detonated in the 1974 Smiling Buddha ( Pokhran - I ) test of 1974 , developed using simulations on the PARAM supercomputer . Shakti III -- An experimental linear implosion design that used `` non-weapon grade '' plutonium , but which likely omitted the material required for fusion , yielding 0.3 kt . Shakti IV - A 0.5 kt experimental device . Shakti V -- A 0.2 kt experimental device .","sentences":["Shakti I -- A thermonuclear device yielding 45 kt , but designed for up to 200 kt .","Shakti II -- A plutonium implosion design yielding 15 kt and intended as a warhead that could be delivered by bomber or missile .","It was an improvement of the device detonated in the 1974 Smiling Buddha ( Pokhran - I ) test of 1974 , developed using simulations on the PARAM supercomputer .","Shakti III -- An experimental linear implosion design that used `` non-weapon grade '' plutonium , but which likely omitted the material required for fusion , yielding 0.3 kt .","Shakti IV - A 0.5 kt experimental device .","Shakti V -- A 0.2 kt experimental device ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6797257520949769923","input":"when do springer spaniel puppies open their eyes","passages":[{"title":"Puppy","text":"Born after an average of 63 days of gestation , puppies emerge in an amnion that is bitten off and eaten by the mother dog . Puppies begin to nurse almost immediately . If the litter exceeds six puppies , particularly if one or more are obvious runts , human intervention in hand - feeding the stronger puppies is necessary to ensure that the runts get proper nourishment and attention from the mother . As they reach one month of age , puppies are gradually weaned and begin to eat solid food . The mother may regurgitate partially digested food for the puppies or might let them eat some of her solid food . The mother dog usually refuses to nurse at this stage , though she might let them occasionally nurse for comfort .","sentences":["Born after an average of 63 days of gestation , puppies emerge in an amnion that is bitten off and eaten by the mother dog .","Puppies begin to nurse almost immediately .","If the litter exceeds six puppies , particularly if one or more are obvious runts , human intervention in hand - feeding the stronger puppies is necessary to ensure that the runts get proper nourishment and attention from the mother .","As they reach one month of age , puppies are gradually weaned and begin to eat solid food .","The mother may regurgitate partially digested food for the puppies or might let them eat some of her solid food .","The mother dog usually refuses to nurse at this stage , though she might let them occasionally nurse for comfort ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4560756758159043697","input":"what two materials were used to make the statue of athena","passages":[{"title":"Athena Parthenos","text":"... The statue is created with ivory and gold . On the middle of her helmet is likeness of the Sphinx ... and on either side of the helmet are griffins in relief ... The statue of Athena is upright , with a tunic reaching to the feet , and on her breast the head of Medusa is worked in ivory . She holds a statue of Victory that is approx . Four cubits high , and in the other hand a spear ; at her feet lies a shield and near the spear is a serpent . This serpent would be Erichthonius . On the pedestal is the birth of Pandora in relief .","sentences":["...","The statue is created with ivory and gold .","On the middle of her helmet is likeness of the Sphinx ... and on either side of the helmet are griffins in relief ...","The statue of Athena is upright , with a tunic reaching to the feet , and on her breast the head of Medusa is worked in ivory .","She holds a statue of Victory that is approx .","Four cubits high , and in the other hand a spear ; at her feet lies a shield and near the spear is a serpent .","This serpent would be Erichthonius .","On the pedestal is the birth of Pandora in relief ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4131923682895595328","input":"when will the rest of attack on titan be dubbed","passages":[{"title":"List of Attack on Titan episodes","text":"From episode 1 to 13 , the anime 's opening theme song is `` Feuerroter Pfeil und Bogen '' ( \u7d05\u84ee \u306e \u5f13\u77e2 , Guren no Yumiya , lit . `` Crimson Bow and Arrow '' ) by Linked Horizon and the ending theme song is `` Utsukushiki Zankoku na Sekai '' ( \u7f8e\u3057\u304d \u6b8b\u9177 \u306a \u4e16\u754c , lit . `` A Beautiful Cruel World '' ) by Y\u014dko Hikasa . From episode 14 to 25 , the anime 's opening theme song is `` Die Fl\u00fcgel der Freiheit '' ( \u81ea\u7531 \u306e \u7ffc , Jiy\u016b no Tsubasa , lit . `` The Wings of Freedom '' ) by Linked Horizon and the ending theme song is `` great escape '' by Cinema Staff . The opening themes were collected on Linked Horizon 's single `` Jiy\u016b e no Shingeki '' which sold over 100 thousand copies in its first week of sales .","sentences":["From episode 1 to 13 , the anime 's opening theme song is `` Feuerroter Pfeil und Bogen '' ( \u7d05\u84ee \u306e \u5f13\u77e2 , Guren no Yumiya , lit .","`` Crimson Bow and Arrow '' ) by Linked Horizon and the ending theme song is `` Utsukushiki Zankoku na Sekai '' ( \u7f8e\u3057\u304d \u6b8b\u9177 \u306a \u4e16\u754c , lit .","`` A Beautiful Cruel World '' )","by Y\u014dko Hikasa .","From episode 14 to 25 , the anime 's opening theme song is `` Die Fl\u00fcgel der Freiheit '' ( \u81ea\u7531 \u306e \u7ffc , Jiy\u016b no Tsubasa , lit .","`` The Wings of Freedom '' ) by Linked Horizon and the ending theme song is `` great escape '' by Cinema Staff .","The opening themes were collected on Linked Horizon 's single `` Jiy\u016b e no Shingeki '' which sold over 100 thousand copies in its first week of sales ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-664975905741279498","input":"who plays longmire's girlfriend in season 2","passages":[{"title":"Katherine LaNasa","text":"Katherine LaNasa LaNasa at 1990 Academy Awards ( 1966 - 12 - 01 ) December 1 , 1966 ( age 51 ) New Orleans , Louisiana , U.S. Occupation Actress , dancer , choreographer Years active 1989 -- present Spouse ( s ) Dennis Hopper ( m . 1989 ; div. 1992 ) French Stewart ( m . 1998 ; div. 2009 ) Grant Show ( m . 2012 ) Children","sentences":["Katherine LaNasa LaNasa at 1990 Academy Awards ( 1966 - 12 - 01 ) December 1 , 1966 ( age 51 )","New Orleans , Louisiana , U.S. Occupation Actress , dancer , choreographer Years active 1989 -- present Spouse ( s ) Dennis Hopper ( m .","1989 ;","div. 1992 )","French Stewart ( m .","1998 ;","div. 2009 )","Grant Show ( m . 2012 )","Children"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3843744544523808989","input":"where do eggs go on the food pyramid","passages":[{"title":"Food pyramid (nutrition)","text":"The Harvard School of Public Health proposes a healthy eating pyramid , which includes calcium and multi-vitamin supplements as well as moderate amounts of alcohol , as an alternative to the Food Guide Pyramid . Many observers believe that the Harvard pyramid follows the results of nutrition studies published in peer - reviewed scientific journals more closely . But in their book Fantastic Voyage : Live Long Enough to Live Forever , published in 2004 , Ray Kurzweil and Terry Grossman M.D. , point out that the guidelines provided in the Harvard Pyramid fail to distinguish between healthy and unhealthy oils . In addition , whole - grain foods are given more priority than vegetables , which should not be the case , as vegetables have a lower glycemic load . Other observations are that fish should be given a higher priority due to its high omega - 3 content , and that high fat dairy products should be excluded . As an alternative , the authors postulate a new food pyramid , emphasising low glycemic - load vegetables , healthy fats , such as avocados , nuts and seeds , lean animal protein , fish , and extra virgin olive oil . ``","sentences":["The Harvard School of Public Health proposes a healthy eating pyramid , which includes calcium and multi-vitamin supplements as well as moderate amounts of alcohol , as an alternative to the Food Guide Pyramid .","Many observers believe that the Harvard pyramid follows the results of nutrition studies published in peer - reviewed scientific journals more closely .","But in their book Fantastic Voyage : Live Long Enough to Live Forever , published in 2004 , Ray Kurzweil and Terry Grossman M.D. , point out that the guidelines provided in the Harvard Pyramid fail to distinguish between healthy and unhealthy oils .","In addition , whole - grain foods are given more priority than vegetables , which should not be the case , as vegetables have a lower glycemic load .","Other observations are that fish should be given a higher priority due to its high omega - 3 content , and that high fat dairy products should be excluded .","As an alternative , the authors postulate a new food pyramid , emphasising low glycemic - load vegetables , healthy fats , such as avocados , nuts and seeds , lean animal protein , fish , and extra virgin olive oil .","``"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8890683680919331704","input":"how many years are there in hogwarts mystery game","passages":[{"title":"Harry Potter: Hogwarts Mystery","text":"Upon visiting Hogwarts , Albus Dumbledore announces that Harry Potter is safe and that the events of the game are set in the year of his escape from Voldemort as a child . After being sorted into a house , daily life in Hogwarts starts . During a Potions lesson with Professor Snape , the player character is docked house points , after a Slytherin called Merula sabotaged the character 's cauldron . A fake letter is sent to the House , supposedly by Snape that an errand run would win the player back their house points ; however , it is in fact written by Merula and leads the player into a room with a Devil 's Snare , forcing them to escape from the snare . Following this , the player character attempts to learn how to duel by searching for a book on duelling and hears voices , and premonitions of the Cursed Vaults . Later on , the player character confronts Merula when she starts to harass Ben , a first - year Muggle - born Gryffindor boy , and challenges them to a wizard 's duel . The duel ends with Snape and Professor Flitwick finding them fighting .","sentences":["Upon visiting Hogwarts , Albus Dumbledore announces that Harry Potter is safe and that the events of the game are set in the year of his escape from Voldemort as a child .","After being sorted into a house , daily life in Hogwarts starts .","During a Potions lesson with Professor Snape , the player character is docked house points , after a Slytherin called Merula sabotaged the character 's cauldron .","A fake letter is sent to the House , supposedly by Snape that an errand run would win the player back their house points ; however , it is in fact written by Merula and leads the player into a room with a Devil 's Snare , forcing them to escape from the snare .","Following this , the player character attempts to learn how to duel by searching for a book on duelling and hears voices , and premonitions of the Cursed Vaults .","Later on , the player character confronts Merula when she starts to harass Ben , a first - year Muggle - born Gryffindor boy , and challenges them to a wizard 's duel .","The duel ends with Snape and Professor Flitwick finding them fighting ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7024805125270643104","input":"what was the score of the rose bowl today","passages":[{"title":"2018 Rose Bowl","text":"In the 2017 preseason polls , Oklahoma was ranked No. 7 in the AP Poll and No. 8 in the Coaches Poll . Oklahoma opened the season against the University of Texas at El Paso Miners , winning 56 -- 7 and showcasing a strong offense . Next , No. 6 Oklahoma traveled to the No. 2 Ohio State Buckeyes and won 31 -- 16 . In Oklahoma 's first meeting with the Tulane Green Wave , No. 2 Oklahoma won 56 -- 14 . They went on to play the Baylor Bears , eking out an expected blowout but still winning 44 -- 34 .","sentences":["In the 2017 preseason polls , Oklahoma was ranked No. 7 in the AP Poll and No. 8 in the Coaches Poll .","Oklahoma opened the season against the University of Texas at El Paso Miners , winning 56 -- 7 and showcasing a strong offense .","Next , No. 6 Oklahoma traveled to the No. 2 Ohio State Buckeyes and won 31 -- 16 .","In Oklahoma 's first meeting with the Tulane Green Wave , No. 2","Oklahoma won 56 -- 14 .","They went on to play the Baylor Bears , eking out an expected blowout but still winning 44 -- 34 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3896162643365145281","input":"is it illegal to use a different name","passages":[{"title":"Name change","text":"From the mediaeval age to the 19th century , the era of family dynasties , name changes were frequently demanded of heirs in the last wills and testaments , legacies and bequests , of members of the gentry and nobility who were the last males of their bloodline . Such persons frequently selected a younger nephew or cousin as the heir to their estates on condition that he should adopt the surname and armorials of the legator in lieu of his patronymic . Thus the ancient family otherwise destined to extinction would appear to continue as a great dynasty in the making . Such changes were also more rarely demanded by marriage settlements , for example where the father of a sole daughter and heiress demanded that as a condition of his daughter 's dowry her husband should adopt his father - in - law 's surname and arms . Thus the progeny of the marriage would continue the otherwise extinct family 's name . Such name changes were generally only demanded of younger sons , where an elder brother was available to inherit the paternal estates under primogeniture and carry on the name and arms abandoned by the younger brother . Such name changes were effected by obtaining a private Act of Parliament or by obtaining a Royal Licence . A less radical procedure adopted from the 18th century onwards was for the legator or settlor to demand only that the legatee or beneficiary should adopt his surname in addition to his patronymic , not in place of it , which gave rise to the `` double - barrelled '' , even the `` triple - barrelled '' name , frequently parodied in literature as epitomising the wealthy `` squirearchy '' with an embarrassment of inherited estates .","sentences":["From the mediaeval age to the 19th century , the era of family dynasties , name changes were frequently demanded of heirs in the last wills and testaments , legacies and bequests , of members of the gentry and nobility who were the last males of their bloodline .","Such persons frequently selected a younger nephew or cousin as the heir to their estates on condition that he should adopt the surname and armorials of the legator in lieu of his patronymic .","Thus the ancient family otherwise destined to extinction would appear to continue as a great dynasty in the making .","Such changes were also more rarely demanded by marriage settlements , for example where the father of a sole daughter and heiress demanded that as a condition of his daughter 's dowry her husband should adopt his father - in - law 's surname and arms .","Thus the progeny of the marriage would continue the otherwise extinct family 's name .","Such name changes were generally only demanded of younger sons , where an elder brother was available to inherit the paternal estates under primogeniture and carry on the name and arms abandoned by the younger brother .","Such name changes were effected by obtaining a private Act of Parliament or by obtaining a Royal Licence .","A less radical procedure adopted from the 18th century onwards was for the legator or settlor to demand only that the legatee or beneficiary should adopt his surname in addition to his patronymic , not in place of it , which gave rise to the `` double - barrelled '' , even the `` triple - barrelled '' name , frequently parodied in literature as epitomising the wealthy `` squirearchy '' with an embarrassment of inherited estates ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6563444726939342382","input":"why did iranian students capture the american embassy","passages":[{"title":"Iran hostage crisis","text":"This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( March 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) First","sentences":["This section needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( March 2009 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","First"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4317134192473940284","input":"what is a magnetar and how strong is it","passages":[{"title":"Magnetar","text":"As described in the February 2003 Scientific American cover story , remarkable things happen within a magnetic field of magnetar strength . `` X-ray photons readily split in two or merge together . The vacuum itself is polarized , becoming strongly birefringent , like a calcite crystal . Atoms are deformed into long cylinders thinner than the quantum - relativistic de Broglie wavelength of an electron . '' In a field of about 10 teslas atomic orbitals deform into rod shapes . At 10 teslas , a hydrogen atom becomes a spindle 200 times narrower than its normal diameter . Origins","sentences":["As described in the February 2003 Scientific American cover story , remarkable things happen within a magnetic field of magnetar strength .","`` X-ray photons readily split in two or merge together .","The vacuum itself is polarized , becoming strongly birefringent , like a calcite crystal .","Atoms are deformed into long cylinders thinner than the quantum - relativistic de Broglie wavelength of an electron . ''","In a field of about 10 teslas atomic orbitals deform into rod shapes .","At 10 teslas , a hydrogen atom becomes a spindle 200 times narrower than its normal diameter .","Origins"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"135174155477504133","input":"what's the difference between superior court and district court","passages":[{"title":"Washington court system","text":"Washington has 39 Superior Courts , one in each of Washington 's 39 counties . Superior Courts are the trial courts of general jurisdiction in Washington . A Superior Court may consider all civil and criminal matters occurring within a county 's boundary . The Superior Court also has exclusive jurisdiction over civil matters in which the amount in controversy is more than $75,000 , felony cases , estate and probate matters , family law cases ( including divorces and child custody hearings ) , and juvenile proceedings . They act as a court of appeal for cases from the District and Municipal Courts . Superior Court judges are elected and serve four - year terms .","sentences":["Washington has 39 Superior Courts , one in each of Washington 's 39 counties .","Superior Courts are the trial courts of general jurisdiction in Washington .","A Superior Court may consider all civil and criminal matters occurring within a county 's boundary .","The Superior Court also has exclusive jurisdiction over civil matters in which the amount in controversy is more than $75,000 , felony cases , estate and probate matters , family law cases ( including divorces and child custody hearings ) , and juvenile proceedings .","They act as a court of appeal for cases from the District and Municipal Courts .","Superior Court judges are elected and serve four - year terms ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4954293091437156651","input":"where did the expression kit and kaboodle come from","passages":[{"title":"Kaboodle","text":"Kitten Kaboodle was a character in an anti-cat story written by Charles Schulz 's Snoopy in June 1974 . `` Secretly , Kitten Kaboodle wished she were a dog . She was aware of the natural superiority of a dog , and it bothered her . '' Linus to Snoopy : `` I think your anti-cat stories show too much prejudice ... I think you 're going to make a lot of enemies ... Not everybody hates cats , you know ! '' Snoopy , in thought balloon : `` I find that hard to believe . ''","sentences":["Kitten Kaboodle was a character in an anti-cat story written by Charles Schulz 's Snoopy in June 1974 .","`` Secretly , Kitten Kaboodle wished she were a dog .","She was aware of the natural superiority of a dog , and it bothered her . ''","Linus to Snoopy : `` I think your anti-cat stories show too much prejudice ...","I think you 're going to make a lot of enemies ...","Not everybody hates cats , you know ! ''","Snoopy , in thought balloon : `` I find that hard to believe . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4177245905267416494","input":"who were the members of the jacobins club","passages":[{"title":"Jacobin","text":"Maximilien Robespierre entered the political arena at the very beginning of the Revolution , having been elected to represent Artois at the Estates General . Robespierre was viewed as the quintessential political force of the Jacobin Movement , thrusting ever deeper the dagger of liberty within the despotism of the Monarchy . As a disciple of Rousseau , Robespierre 's political views were rooted in Rousseau 's notion of the social contract , which promoted `` the rights of man '' . Robespierre particularly favored the rights of the broader population to eat , for example , over the rights of individual merchants . `` I denounce the assassins of the people to you and you respond , ' let them act as they will . ' In such a system , all is against society ; all favors the grain merchants . '' Robespierre famously elaborated this conception in his speech on 2 December 1792 : `` What is the first goal of society ? To maintain the imprescribable rights of man . What is the first of these rights ? The right to exist . ''","sentences":["Maximilien Robespierre entered the political arena at the very beginning of the Revolution , having been elected to represent Artois at the Estates General .","Robespierre was viewed as the quintessential political force of the Jacobin Movement , thrusting ever deeper the dagger of liberty within the despotism of the Monarchy .","As a disciple of Rousseau , Robespierre 's political views were rooted in Rousseau 's notion of the social contract , which promoted `` the rights of man '' .","Robespierre particularly favored the rights of the broader population to eat , for example , over the rights of individual merchants .","`` I denounce the assassins of the people to you and you respond , ' let them act as they will . '","In such a system , all is against society ; all favors the grain merchants . ''","Robespierre famously elaborated this conception in his speech on 2 December 1792 : `` What is the first goal of society ?","To maintain the imprescribable rights of man .","What is the first of these rights ?","The right to exist . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9101410776093025824","input":"how long did the battle of yorktown last","passages":[{"title":"Siege of Yorktown","text":"On December 20 , 1780 , Benedict Arnold sailed from New York with 1,500 troops to Portsmouth , Virginia . He first raided Richmond , defeating the defending militia , from January 5 -- 7 before falling back to Portsmouth . Admiral Destouches , who arrived in Newport , Rhode Island in July 1780 with a fleet transporting 5,500 soldiers , was encouraged by Washington and French Lieutenant General Rochambeau to move his fleet south , and launch a joint land - naval attack on Arnold 's troops . The Marquis de Lafayette was sent south with 1,200 men to help with the assault . However , Destouches was reluctant to dispatch many ships , and in February sent only three . After they proved ineffective , he took a larger force of 8 ships in March 1781 , and fought a tactically inconclusive battle with the British fleet of Marriot Arbuthnot at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay . Destouches withdrew due to the damage sustained to his fleet , leaving Arbuthnot and the British fleet in control of the bay 's mouth .","sentences":["On December 20 , 1780 , Benedict Arnold sailed from New York with 1,500 troops to Portsmouth , Virginia .","He first raided Richmond , defeating the defending militia , from January 5 -- 7 before falling back to Portsmouth .","Admiral Destouches , who arrived in Newport , Rhode Island in July 1780 with a fleet transporting 5,500 soldiers , was encouraged by Washington and French Lieutenant General Rochambeau to move his fleet south , and launch a joint land - naval attack on Arnold 's troops .","The Marquis de Lafayette was sent south with 1,200 men to help with the assault .","However , Destouches was reluctant to dispatch many ships , and in February sent only three .","After they proved ineffective , he took a larger force of 8 ships in March 1781 , and fought a tactically inconclusive battle with the British fleet of Marriot Arbuthnot at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay .","Destouches withdrew due to the damage sustained to his fleet , leaving Arbuthnot and the British fleet in control of the bay 's mouth ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8461489625329623812","input":"where do you find semilunar valves and how do they differ from a\/v valves","passages":[{"title":"Heart valve","text":"Disease of the heart valves can be congenital , such as aortic regurgitation or acquired , for example infective endocarditis . Different forms are associated with cardiovascular disease , connective tissue disorders and hypertension . The symptoms of the disease will depend on the affected valve , the type of disease , and the severity of the disease . For example , valvular disease of the aortic valve , such as aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation , may cause breathlessness , whereas valvular diseaes of the tricuspid valve may lead to dysfunction of the liver and jaundice . When valvular heart disease results from infectious causes , such as infective endocarditis , an affected person may have a fever and unique signs such as splinter haemorrhages of the nails , Janeway lesions , Osler nodes and Roth spots . A particularly feared complication of valvular disease is the creation of emboli because of turbulent blood flow , and the development of heart failure .","sentences":["Disease of the heart valves can be congenital , such as aortic regurgitation or acquired , for example infective endocarditis .","Different forms are associated with cardiovascular disease , connective tissue disorders and hypertension .","The symptoms of the disease will depend on the affected valve , the type of disease , and the severity of the disease .","For example , valvular disease of the aortic valve , such as aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation , may cause breathlessness , whereas valvular diseaes of the tricuspid valve may lead to dysfunction of the liver and jaundice .","When valvular heart disease results from infectious causes , such as infective endocarditis , an affected person may have a fever and unique signs such as splinter haemorrhages of the nails , Janeway lesions , Osler nodes and Roth spots .","A particularly feared complication of valvular disease is the creation of emboli because of turbulent blood flow , and the development of heart failure ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7768979285111358374","input":"what kind of animals are at yellowstone national park","passages":[{"title":"List of animals of Yellowstone","text":"Bulls grow antlers annually from the time they are nearly one year old . When mature , a bull 's `` rack '' may have 6 to 8 points or tines on each side and weigh more than 30 pounds . The antlers are usually shed in March or April , and begin regrowing in May , when the bony growth is nourished by blood vessels and covered by furry - looking `` velvet . '' Antler growth ceases each year by August , when the velvet dries up and bulls begin to scrape it off by rubbing against trees , in preparation for the autumn mating season or rut . A bull may gather 20 - 30 cows into his harem during the mating season , often clashing or locking antlers with another mature male for the privilege of dominating the herd group . By November , mating season ends and elk generally move to their winter ranges . Calves weighing 25 - 40 pounds are born in late May or early June .","sentences":["Bulls grow antlers annually from the time they are nearly one year old .","When mature , a bull 's `` rack '' may have 6 to 8 points or tines on each side and weigh more than 30 pounds .","The antlers are usually shed in March or April , and begin regrowing in May , when the bony growth is nourished by blood vessels and covered by furry - looking `` velvet . ''","Antler growth ceases each year by August , when the velvet dries up and bulls begin to scrape it off by rubbing against trees , in preparation for the autumn mating season or rut .","A bull may gather 20 - 30 cows into his harem during the mating season , often clashing or locking antlers with another mature male for the privilege of dominating the herd group .","By November , mating season ends and elk generally move to their winter ranges .","Calves weighing 25 - 40 pounds are born in late May or early June ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5853911380401742450","input":"who have the bills lost to this season","passages":[{"title":"List of Buffalo Bills seasons","text":"Franchise records according to Pro-Football Reference.com Season Team League Conference Division Regular Season Post Season Results Awards Head coaches Finish Wins Losses Ties 1960 1960 AFL Eastern 3rd 5 8 Buster Ramsey 1961 1961 AFL Eastern 4th 6 8 0 1962 1962 AFL Eastern 3rd 7 6 Lou Saban 1963 1963 AFL Eastern 2nd 7 6 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( Patriots ) 8 -- 26 1964 1964 AFL Eastern 1st 12 0 Won AFL Championship ( 1 ) ( Chargers ) 20 -- 7 Lou Saban ( COY ) 1965 1965 AFL Eastern 1st 10 Won AFL Championship ( 2 ) ( at Chargers ) 23 -- 0 Lou Saban ( COY ) 1966 1966 AFL Eastern 1st 9 Lost AFL Championship ( Chiefs ) 7 -- 31 Bobby Burnett ( ROY ) Joe Collier 1967 1967 AFL Eastern 3rd 10 0 1968 1968 AFL Eastern 5th 12 Joe Collier ( 0 -- 2 ) Harvey Johnson ( 1 -- 10 -- 1 ) 1969 1969 AFL Eastern 4th 10 0 John Rauch 1970 1970 NFL AFC East 4th 10 Dennis Shaw ( OROY , ROY ) 1971 1971 NFL AFC East 5th 13 0 Harvey Johnson 1972 1972 NFL AFC East 4th 9 Lou Saban 1973 1973 NFL AFC East 2nd 9 5 0 O.J. Simpson ( MVP , OPOY ) NFL AFC East 2nd 9 5 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Steelers ) 14 -- 32 NFL AFC East 3rd 8 6 0 1976 1976 NFL AFC East 5th 12 0 Lou Saban ( 2 -- 3 ) Jim Ringo ( 0 -- 9 ) 1977 1977 NFL AFC East 5th 11 0 Jim Ringo 1978 1978 NFL AFC East 4th 5 11 0 Chuck Knox 1979 1979 NFL AFC East 4th 7 9 0 Jim Haslett ( DROY ) , Jerry Butler ( ROY ) 1980 1980 NFL AFC East 1st 11 5 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Chargers ) 14 -- 20 Joe Cribbs ( ROY ) , Chuck Knox ( COY ) 1981 1981 NFL AFC East 3rd 10 6 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( at Jets ) 31 -- 27 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Bengals ) 21 -- 28 1982 1982 NFL AFC -- 9th 5 0 NFL AFC East 3rd 8 8 0 Kay Stephenson 1984 1984 NFL AFC East 5th 14 0 1985 1985 NFL AFC East 5th 14 0 Kay Stephenson ( 0 -- 4 ) Hank Bullough ( 2 -- 10 ) 1986 1986 NFL AFC East 4th 12 0 Hank Bullough ( 2 -- 7 ) Marv Levy ( 2 -- 5 ) NFL AFC East 4th 7 8 0 Shane Conlan ( DROY , ROY ) Marv Levy 1988 1988 NFL AFC East 1st 12 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Oilers ) 17 -- 10 Lost Conference Championship ( at Bengals ) 10 -- 21 Marv Levy ( COY ) 1989 1989 NFL AFC East 1st 9 7 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Browns ) 30 -- 34 1990 1990 NFL AFC East 1st 13 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Dolphins ) 44 -- 34 Won Conference Championship ( Raiders ) 51 -- 3 Lost Super Bowl XXV ( vs. Giants ) 19 -- 20 Bruce Smith ( DPOY ) 1991 1991 NFL AFC East 1st 13 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Chiefs ) 37 -- 14 Won Conference Championship ( Broncos ) 10 -- 7 Lost Super Bowl XXVI ( vs. Redskins ) 24 -- 37 Thurman Thomas ( MVP , OPOY ) 1992 1992 NFL AFC East 2nd 11 5 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Oilers ) 41 -- 38 ( OT ) Won Divisional Playoffs ( at Steelers ) 24 -- 3 Won Conference Championship ( at Dolphins ) 29 -- 10 Lost Super Bowl XXVII ( vs. Cowboys ) 17 -- 52 1993 1993 NFL AFC East 1st 12 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Raiders ) 29 -- 23 Won Conference Championship ( Chiefs ) 30 -- 13 Lost Super Bowl XXVIII ( vs. Cowboys ) 13 -- 30 Marv Levy ( COY ) 1994 1994 NFL AFC East 4th 7 9 0 1995 1995 NFL AFC East 1st 10 6 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Dolphins ) 37 -- 22 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Steelers ) 21 -- 40 Bryce Paup ( DPY ) NFL AFC East 2nd 10 6 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( Jaguars ) 27 -- 30 Bruce Smith ( DPY ) 1997 1997 NFL AFC East 4th 6 10 0 1998 1998 NFL AFC East 3rd 10 6 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Dolphins ) 17 -- 24 Wade Phillips 1999 1999 NFL AFC East 2nd 11 5 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Titans ) 16 -- 22 2000 2000 NFL AFC East 4th 8 8 0 2001 2001 NFL AFC East 4th 13 0 Gregg Williams 2002 2002 NFL AFC East 4th 8 8 0 2003 2003 NFL AFC East 3rd 6 10 0 NFL AFC East 3rd 9 7 0 Mike Mularkey 2005 2005 NFL AFC East 3rd 5 11 0 2006 2006 NFL AFC East 3rd 7 9 0 Dick Jauron 2007 2007 NFL AFC East 2nd 7 9 0 2008 2008 NFL AFC East 4th 7 9 0 2009 2009 NFL AFC East 4th 6 10 0 Dick Jauron ( 3 -- 6 ) Perry Fewell ( 3 -- 4 ) NFL AFC East 4th 12 0 Chan Gailey 2011 2011 NFL AFC East 4th 6 10 0 2012 2012 NFL AFC East 4th 6 10 0 2013 2013 NFL AFC East 4th 6 10 0 Kiko Alonso ( PFWA DROY ) Doug Marrone 2014 2014 NFL AFC East 2nd 9 7 0 2015 2015 NFL AFC East 3rd 8 8 0 Rex Ryan 2016 2016 NFL AFC East 3rd 7 9 0 Rex Ryan ( 7 -- 8 ) Anthony Lynn ( 0 -- 1 ) 2017 2017 NFL AFC East 2nd 9 7 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Jaguars ) 3 -- 10 Sean McDermott Totals 409 467 8 All - time regular season record ( 1960 -- 2017 ) 14 16 0 All - time postseason record ( 1960 -- 2017 ) 431 483 8 All - time regular and postseason record ( 1960 -- 2017 )","sentences":["Franchise records according to Pro-Football Reference.com Season Team League Conference Division Regular Season Post Season Results Awards Head coaches Finish Wins Losses Ties 1960 1960","AFL Eastern 3rd 5 8 Buster Ramsey 1961 1961 AFL Eastern 4th 6 8 0 1962 1962","AFL Eastern 3rd 7 6 Lou Saban 1963 1963","AFL Eastern 2nd 7 6 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( Patriots ) 8 -- 26 1964 1964","AFL","Eastern 1st 12 0","Won AFL Championship ( 1 ) ( Chargers ) 20 -- 7 Lou Saban ( COY ) 1965 1965","AFL Eastern 1st 10 Won AFL Championship ( 2 ) ( at Chargers ) 23 -- 0","Lou Saban ( COY ) 1966 1966","AFL Eastern 1st 9","Lost AFL Championship ( Chiefs ) 7 -- 31 Bobby Burnett ( ROY )","Joe Collier 1967 1967","AFL Eastern 3rd 10 0 1968 1968","AFL Eastern 5th 12 Joe Collier ( 0 -- 2 ) Harvey Johnson ( 1 -- 10 -- 1 ) 1969 1969","AFL Eastern 4th 10 0","John Rauch 1970 1970","NFL AFC East 4th 10 Dennis Shaw ( OROY , ROY ) 1971 1971","NFL AFC East 5th 13 0","Harvey Johnson 1972 1972 NFL AFC","East 4th 9 Lou Saban 1973 1973 NFL AFC","East 2nd 9 5 0 O.J. Simpson ( MVP , OPOY )","NFL AFC","East 2nd 9 5 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Steelers ) 14 -- 32 NFL AFC","East 3rd 8 6 0 1976 1976 NFL AFC","East 5th","12 0","Lou Saban ( 2 -- 3 ) Jim Ringo ( 0 -- 9 ) 1977 1977","NFL AFC","East 5th 11 0 Jim Ringo 1978 1978 NFL AFC","East 4th 5 11 0 Chuck Knox 1979 1979","NFL AFC","East 4th 7 9 0 Jim Haslett ( DROY ) , Jerry Butler ( ROY ) 1980 1980 NFL AFC East 1st","11 5 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Chargers ) 14 -- 20 Joe Cribbs ( ROY ) , Chuck Knox ( COY ) 1981 1981 NFL AFC","East 3rd 10 6 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( at Jets ) 31 -- 27 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Bengals ) 21 -- 28 1982 1982","NFL AFC --","9th 5 0","NFL AFC","East 3rd 8 8 0","Kay Stephenson 1984 1984","NFL","AFC","East 5th","14 0 1985 1985 NFL AFC","East 5th 14 0","Kay Stephenson ( 0 -- 4 ) Hank Bullough ( 2 -- 10 ) 1986 1986 NFL AFC","East 4th 12 0","Hank Bullough ( 2 -- 7 ) Marv Levy ( 2 -- 5 )","NFL AFC","East 4th 7 8 0 Shane Conlan ( DROY , ROY )","Marv Levy 1988 1988 NFL AFC East 1st","12 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Oilers ) 17 -- 10 Lost Conference Championship ( at Bengals ) 10 -- 21 Marv Levy ( COY ) 1989 1989","NFL AFC","East 1st 9 7 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Browns ) 30 -- 34 1990 1990 NFL AFC","East 1st 13 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Dolphins ) 44 -- 34 Won Conference Championship ( Raiders ) 51 -- 3 Lost Super Bowl XXV ( vs. Giants ) 19 -- 20 Bruce Smith ( DPOY ) 1991 1991 NFL AFC East 1st 13 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Chiefs ) 37 -- 14 Won Conference Championship ( Broncos ) 10 -- 7 Lost Super Bowl XXVI ( vs. Redskins ) 24 -- 37 Thurman Thomas ( MVP , OPOY ) 1992 1992 NFL AFC","East 2nd 11 5 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Oilers ) 41 -- 38 ( OT )","Won Divisional Playoffs ( at Steelers ) 24 -- 3 Won Conference Championship ( at Dolphins ) 29 -- 10 Lost Super Bowl XXVII ( vs. Cowboys ) 17 -- 52 1993 1993","NFL AFC","East 1st 12 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Raiders ) 29 -- 23 Won Conference Championship ( Chiefs ) 30 -- 13 Lost Super Bowl XXVIII ( vs. Cowboys ) 13 -- 30 Marv Levy ( COY ) 1994 1994 NFL AFC","East 4th 7 9 0 1995 1995","NFL AFC East 1st 10 6 0","Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Dolphins ) 37 -- 22 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Steelers ) 21 -- 40 Bryce Paup ( DPY )","NFL AFC","East 2nd 10 6 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( Jaguars ) 27 -- 30 Bruce Smith ( DPY ) 1997 1997","NFL AFC","East 4th 6 10 0 1998 1998","NFL AFC East 3rd 10 6 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Dolphins ) 17 -- 24 Wade Phillips 1999 1999 NFL AFC","East 2nd 11 5 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Titans ) 16 -- 22 2000 2000","NFL AFC East 4th","8 8 0 2001 2001","NFL AFC","East 4th 13 0","Gregg Williams 2002 2002 NFL AFC","East 4th 8 8 0 2003 2003 NFL AFC East 3rd 6 10 0","NFL AFC","East 3rd 9 7 0","Mike Mularkey 2005 2005","NFL AFC East 3rd 5 11 0 2006 2006","NFL AFC East 3rd 7 9 0","Dick Jauron 2007 2007 NFL AFC","East 2nd 7 9 0 2008 2008","NFL AFC","East 4th 7 9 0 2009 2009 NFL AFC","East 4th 6 10 0 Dick Jauron ( 3 -- 6 ) Perry Fewell ( 3 -- 4 ) NFL AFC","East 4th 12 0","Chan Gailey 2011 2011","NFL AFC East 4th 6 10 0 2012 2012 NFL AFC","East 4th 6 10 0 2013 2013","NFL AFC","East 4th 6 10 0","Kiko Alonso ( PFWA DROY )","Doug Marrone 2014 2014 NFL AFC","East 2nd","9 7 0 2015 2015","NFL AFC East 3rd 8 8 0","Rex Ryan 2016 2016 NFL AFC","East 3rd 7 9 0","Rex Ryan ( 7 -- 8 ) Anthony Lynn ( 0 -- 1 ) 2017 2017","NFL AFC","East 2nd 9 7 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Jaguars ) 3 -- 10 Sean McDermott Totals 409 467 8 All - time regular season record ( 1960 -- 2017 )","14 16 0","All - time postseason record ( 1960 -- 2017 )","431 483 8 All - time regular and postseason record ( 1960 -- 2017 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7660078565390542406","input":"what is the mascot of the cleveland browns football team","passages":[{"title":"Cleveland Browns","text":"Other than the helmet , the uniform was completely redesigned for the 1984 season . New striping patterns appeared on the white jerseys , brown jerseys and pants . Solid brown socks were worn with brown jerseys and solid orange socks were worn with white jerseys . Brown numerals on the white jerseys were outlined in orange . White numerals on the brown jerseys were double outlined in brown and orange . ( Orange numerals double outlined in brown and white appeared briefly on the brown jerseys in one pre-season game . ) However , this particular uniform set was not popular with the fans , and in 1985 the uniform was returned to a look similar to the original design . It remained that way until 1995 .","sentences":["Other than the helmet , the uniform was completely redesigned for the 1984 season .","New striping patterns appeared on the white jerseys , brown jerseys and pants .","Solid brown socks were worn with brown jerseys and solid orange socks were worn with white jerseys .","Brown numerals on the white jerseys were outlined in orange .","White numerals on the brown jerseys were double outlined in brown and orange .","( Orange numerals double outlined in brown and white appeared briefly on the brown jerseys in one pre-season game . )","However , this particular uniform set was not popular with the fans , and in 1985 the uniform was returned to a look similar to the original design .","It remained that way until 1995 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-114187757946350696","input":"what is the main food in puerto rico","passages":[{"title":"Puerto Rican cuisine","text":"Arroz con gandules -- Yellow - rice - and - pigeon - pea dish . Sofr\u00edto and annatto oil plays the biggest part in flavoring and coloring rice . Alcaparrado ( capers and olives stuffed with red peppers ) , pieces of pork , spices , bay leaves , banana leaf and broth . Beverages -- The official Puerto Rican Christmas drink is coquito , an eggnog - like rum and coconut milk - based homemade beverage . The holiday season is also a time that many pi\u00f1as coladas are prepared , underscoring the combination of pineapples and coconuts seen in Puerto Rican cuisine . Beer is popular and Puerto Rican style rum punch with sparkling wine and fruit . Chulet\u00f3n -- Christmas soup . A variety of beans cooked with sofr\u00edto , saz\u00f3n , pork chops , pork bones , ham , smoked ham hock , salchich\u00f3n , potatoes , and carrots . This soup is served on Christmas with bread and is not part or the Nochebuena ( the good night ) festival . Escabeche de Guineo con Mollejas -- Unripe , green bananas and chicken gizzards pickled in a garlicky brine . Pasteles -- For many Puerto Rican families , the quintessential holiday season dish is pasteles ( `` pies '' ) , usually not a sweet pastry or cake , but a soft dough - like mass wrapped in a banana or plantain leaf and boiled , and in the center chopped meat , shellfish , chicken , raisins , spices , capers , olives , sofrito , and often garbanzo beans . Puerto Rican pasteles are made from either green bananas or starchy tropical roots . The wrapper in a Puerto Rican pastel is a banana leaf . Lech\u00f3n -- Pork is central to Puerto Rican holiday cooking , especially the lech\u00f3n ( spit - roasted piglet ) . Holiday feasts might include several pork dishes , such as pernil ( a baked fresh pork shoulder seasoned in adobo mojado ) , morcilla ( a black blood sausage ) , and jam\u00f3n con pi\u00f1a ( ham and pineapple ) . Ensaladas -- Most Puerto Rican tables on the holidays have one or two salads . A topical salad would be potato salad with peppers , onions , mayonnaise and with or without chorizo . Macaroni salad with peppers , onions , tomatoes and can tuna or spam . The macaroni is tossed usually in mayonnaise or vinegar and olive oil . Octopus with a citrus vinaigrette and tropical fruits . Puerto","sentences":["Arroz con gandules -- Yellow - rice - and - pigeon - pea dish .","Sofr\u00edto and annatto oil plays the biggest part in flavoring and coloring rice .","Alcaparrado ( capers and olives stuffed with red peppers ) , pieces of pork , spices , bay leaves , banana leaf and broth .","Beverages -- The official Puerto Rican Christmas drink is coquito , an eggnog - like rum and coconut milk - based homemade beverage .","The holiday season is also a time that many pi\u00f1as coladas are prepared , underscoring the combination of pineapples and coconuts seen in Puerto Rican cuisine .","Beer is popular and Puerto Rican style rum punch with sparkling wine and fruit .","Chulet\u00f3n -- Christmas soup .","A variety of beans cooked with sofr\u00edto , saz\u00f3n , pork chops , pork bones , ham , smoked ham hock , salchich\u00f3n , potatoes , and carrots .","This soup is served on Christmas with bread and is not part or the Nochebuena ( the good night ) festival .","Escabeche de Guineo con Mollejas -- Unripe , green bananas and chicken gizzards pickled in a garlicky brine .","Pasteles --","For many Puerto Rican families , the quintessential holiday season dish is pasteles ( `` pies '' ) , usually not a sweet pastry or cake , but a soft dough - like mass wrapped in a banana or plantain leaf and boiled , and in the center chopped meat , shellfish , chicken , raisins , spices , capers , olives , sofrito , and often garbanzo beans .","Puerto Rican pasteles are made from either green bananas or starchy tropical roots .","The wrapper in a Puerto Rican pastel is a banana leaf .","Lech\u00f3n -- Pork is central to Puerto Rican holiday cooking , especially the lech\u00f3n ( spit - roasted piglet ) .","Holiday feasts might include several pork dishes , such as pernil ( a baked fresh pork shoulder seasoned in adobo mojado ) , morcilla ( a black blood sausage ) , and jam\u00f3n con pi\u00f1a ( ham and pineapple ) .","Ensaladas -- Most Puerto Rican tables on the holidays have one or two salads .","A topical salad would be potato salad with peppers , onions , mayonnaise and with or without chorizo .","Macaroni salad with peppers , onions , tomatoes and can tuna or spam .","The macaroni is tossed usually in mayonnaise or vinegar and olive oil .","Octopus with a citrus vinaigrette and tropical fruits .","Puerto"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6602117840080499786","input":"what is the meaning of the word patel","passages":[{"title":"Patel","text":"Patel is an Indian surname originally representing a community of agriculturalists and merchants , predominantly in the states of Gujarat , India . Once considered to be a status name of Hindu and Parsi origin referring to village headsmen during medieval ages , the surname was later adopted by the Patidar community of land owners . Today , there are currently two major branches of people bearing the surname : Leuva and Kadva . The branches are distinguished mainly by geographic location and varying cultural practices . Today the surname is used by Hindus . There are roughly 500,000 Patels outside India , including 150,000 in Britain and 150,000 in the US . Nearly 1 in 10 people of Indian origin in the US is a Patel .","sentences":["Patel is an Indian surname originally representing a community of agriculturalists and merchants , predominantly in the states of Gujarat , India .","Once considered to be a status name of Hindu and Parsi origin referring to village headsmen during medieval ages , the surname was later adopted by the Patidar community of land owners .","Today , there are currently two major branches of people bearing the surname : Leuva and Kadva .","The branches are distinguished mainly by geographic location and varying cultural practices .","Today the surname is used by Hindus .","There are roughly 500,000 Patels outside India , including 150,000 in Britain and 150,000 in the US .","Nearly 1 in 10 people of Indian origin in the US is a Patel ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9129912463537677646","input":"what episode of vampire diaries does elena and damon start dating","passages":[{"title":"Damon Salvatore","text":"Damon Salvatore Ian Somerhalder as Damon Salvatore First appearance `` Pilot '' Last appearance `` I Was Feeling Epic '' Created by L.J. Smith ( book series ) Portrayed by Ian Somerhalder Gavin Casalegno ( young \/ teenager ) Information Species Vampire ( seasons 1 - 8 ) Human ( season 8 ) Gender Male Family Giuseppe Salvatore ( father ) Lillian Salvatore ( mother ) Elena Gilbert ( wife ) Stefan Salvatore ( brother ) Caroline Forbes ( sister - in - law ) Zach Salvatore ( nephew ) Sarah Salvatore ( great - niece ) Significant other ( s ) Elena Gilbert ( wife ) Katherine Pierce ( ex-girlfriend ) Caroline Forbes ( ex-fling ) Status Alive","sentences":["Damon Salvatore Ian Somerhalder as Damon Salvatore First appearance `` Pilot ''","Last appearance `` I Was Feeling Epic '' Created by L.J. Smith ( book series )","Portrayed by Ian Somerhalder Gavin Casalegno ( young \/ teenager ) Information Species Vampire ( seasons 1 - 8 )","Human ( season 8 ) Gender Male Family Giuseppe Salvatore ( father )","Lillian Salvatore ( mother ) Elena Gilbert ( wife ) Stefan Salvatore ( brother )","Caroline Forbes ( sister - in - law )","Zach Salvatore ( nephew )","Sarah Salvatore ( great - niece )","Significant other ( s ) Elena Gilbert ( wife )","Katherine Pierce ( ex-girlfriend )","Caroline Forbes ( ex-fling )","Status Alive"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5605233405482134152","input":"why are committees important when congress makes laws","passages":[{"title":"Procedures of the United States Congress","text":"Any member of Congress may introduce a bill at any time while the House is in session by placing it in the hopper on the Clerk 's desk . A sponsor 's signature is required , and there can be many co-sponsors . It 's assigned a number by the Clerk . Then it 's referred to a committee . Committees study each bill intensely at this stage . Here","sentences":["Any member of Congress may introduce a bill at any time while the House is in session by placing it in the hopper on the Clerk 's desk .","A sponsor 's signature is required , and there can be many co-sponsors .","It 's assigned a number by the Clerk .","Then it 's referred to a committee .","Committees study each bill intensely at this stage .","Here"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4027113180876925284","input":"to what extent did the federalist era leave the united states a stronger nation","passages":[{"title":"Federalist Era","text":"During the 1780s , Spain had sought to slow the expansion of the U.S. and lure American settlers into secession from the United States . Washington feared that Spain ( as well as Britain ) might successfully incite insurrection against the U.S. if he failed to open trade on the Mississippi , and he sent envoy Thomas Pinckney to Spain with that goal in mind . Fearing that the United States and Great Britain might unite to take Spanish territory , Spain decided to seek accommodation with the United States . The two parties signed the Treaty of San Lorenzo in 1795 , establishing intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain . The United States and Spain agreed not to incite native tribes to warfare . The western boundary of the United States was established along the Mississippi River from the northern boundary of the United States to the 31st degree north latitude , while the southern boundary of the United States was established on the 31st parallel north . The disputed territory that Spain dropped its claims to would be organized into the Mississippi Territory in 1798 .","sentences":["During the 1780s , Spain had sought to slow the expansion of the U.S. and lure American settlers into secession from the United States .","Washington feared that Spain ( as well as Britain ) might successfully incite insurrection against the U.S. if he failed to open trade on the Mississippi , and he sent envoy Thomas Pinckney to Spain with that goal in mind .","Fearing that the United States and Great Britain might unite to take Spanish territory , Spain decided to seek accommodation with the United States .","The two parties signed the Treaty of San Lorenzo in 1795 , establishing intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain .","The United States and Spain agreed not to incite native tribes to warfare .","The western boundary of the United States was established along the Mississippi River from the northern boundary of the United States to the 31st degree north latitude , while the southern boundary of the United States was established on the 31st parallel north .","The disputed territory that Spain dropped its claims to would be organized into the Mississippi Territory in 1798 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7548687821382190618","input":"when did america win the war of independence","passages":[{"title":"American Revolutionary War","text":"Life at sea was little better . Sailors and passengers were issued a daily food ration , largely consisting of hardtack and beer . The hardtack was often infested by weevils and was so tough that it earned the nicknames `` molar breakers '' and `` worm castles '' , and it sometimes had to be broken up with cannon shot . Meat supplies often spoiled on long voyages . The lack of fresh fruit and vegetables gave rise to scurvy , one of the biggest killers at sea . Rum was issued as part of a daily ration and was a popular drink among soldiers and sailors alike , often mixed with fresh water to make grog . Discipline","sentences":["Life at sea was little better .","Sailors and passengers were issued a daily food ration , largely consisting of hardtack and beer .","The hardtack was often infested by weevils and was so tough that it earned the nicknames `` molar breakers '' and `` worm castles '' , and it sometimes had to be broken up with cannon shot .","Meat supplies often spoiled on long voyages .","The lack of fresh fruit and vegetables gave rise to scurvy , one of the biggest killers at sea .","Rum was issued as part of a daily ration and was a popular drink among soldiers and sailors alike , often mixed with fresh water to make grog .","Discipline"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6751442335231966979","input":"what is the function of menu bar in microsoft excel","passages":[{"title":"Menu bar","text":"In the Macintosh operating systems , the menu bar is a horizontal `` bar '' anchored to the top of the screen . In macOS , the left side contains the Apple menu , the Application menu ( its name will match the name of the current application ) and the currently focused application 's menus ( e.g. File , Edit , View , Window , Help ) . On the right side , it contains menu extras ( for example the system clock , volume control , and the Fast user switching menu ( if enabled ) and the Spotlight icon . All of these menu extras can be moved horizontally by command - clicking and dragging left or right . If an icon is dragged and dropped vertically it will disappear with a puff of smoke , much like the icons in the dock . In the classic Mac OS ( versions 7 through 9 ) , the right side contains the application menu , allowing the user to switch between open applications . In Mac OS 8.5 and later , the menu can be dragged downwards , which would cause it to be represented on screen as a floating palette .","sentences":["In the Macintosh operating systems , the menu bar is a horizontal `` bar '' anchored to the top of the screen .","In macOS , the left side contains the Apple menu , the Application menu ( its name will match the name of the current application ) and the currently focused application 's menus ( e.g. File , Edit , View , Window , Help ) .","On the right side , it contains menu extras ( for example the system clock , volume control , and the Fast user switching menu ( if enabled ) and the Spotlight icon .","All of these menu extras can be moved horizontally by command - clicking and dragging left or right .","If an icon is dragged and dropped vertically it will disappear with a puff of smoke , much like the icons in the dock .","In the classic Mac OS ( versions 7 through 9 ) , the right side contains the application menu , allowing the user to switch between open applications .","In Mac OS 8.5 and later , the menu can be dragged downwards , which would cause it to be represented on screen as a floating palette ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7780101362276816731","input":"what was the cause of the bangladesh liberation war","passages":[{"title":"Bangladesh Liberation War","text":"Rural and urban areas across East Pakistan saw extensive military operations and air strikes to suppress the tide of civil disobedience that formed following the 1970 election stalemate . The Pakistan Army , which had the backing of Islamists , created radical religious militias -- the Razakars , Al - Badr and Al - Shams -- to assist it during raids on the local populace . Urdu - speaking Biharis in Bangladesh ( ethnic minority ) were also in support of Pakistani military . Members of the Pakistani military and supporting militias engaged in mass murder , deportation and genocidal rape . The capital Dhaka was the scene of numerous massacres , including the Operation Searchlight and Dhaka University massacre . An estimated 10 million Bengali refugees fled to neighboring India , while 30 million were internally displaced . Sectarian violence broke out between Bengalis and Urdu - speaking immigrants . An academic consensus prevails that the atrocities committed by the Pakistani military were a genocide .","sentences":["Rural and urban areas across East Pakistan saw extensive military operations and air strikes to suppress the tide of civil disobedience that formed following the 1970 election stalemate .","The Pakistan Army , which had the backing of Islamists , created radical religious militias -- the Razakars , Al - Badr and Al - Shams -- to assist it during raids on the local populace .","Urdu - speaking Biharis in Bangladesh ( ethnic minority ) were also in support of Pakistani military .","Members of the Pakistani military and supporting militias engaged in mass murder , deportation and genocidal rape .","The capital Dhaka was the scene of numerous massacres , including the Operation Searchlight and Dhaka University massacre .","An estimated 10 million Bengali refugees fled to neighboring India , while 30 million were internally displaced .","Sectarian violence broke out between Bengalis and Urdu - speaking immigrants .","An academic consensus prevails that the atrocities committed by the Pakistani military were a genocide ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1802819139014536603","input":"the processing organization and interpretation of sensory signals","passages":[{"title":"Sensory processing","text":"Perhaps one of the most studied sensory integrations is the relationship between vision and audition . These two senses perceive the same objects in the world in different ways , and by combining the two , they help us understand this information better . Vision dominates our perception of the world around us . This is because visual spatial information is one of the most reliable sensory modalities . Visual stimuli are recorded directly onto the retina , and there are few , if any , external distortions that provide incorrect information to the brain about the true location of an object . Other spatial information is not as reliable as visual spatial information . For example , consider auditory spatial input . The location of an object can sometimes be determined solely on its sound , but the sensory input can easily be modified or altered , thus giving a less reliable spatial representation of the object . Auditory information therefore is not spatially represented unlike visual stimuli . But once one has the spatial mapping from the visual information , multisensory integration helps bring the information from both the visual and auditory stimuli together to make a more robust mapping .","sentences":["Perhaps one of the most studied sensory integrations is the relationship between vision and audition .","These two senses perceive the same objects in the world in different ways , and by combining the two , they help us understand this information better .","Vision dominates our perception of the world around us .","This is because visual spatial information is one of the most reliable sensory modalities .","Visual stimuli are recorded directly onto the retina , and there are few , if any , external distortions that provide incorrect information to the brain about the true location of an object .","Other spatial information is not as reliable as visual spatial information .","For example , consider auditory spatial input .","The location of an object can sometimes be determined solely on its sound , but the sensory input can easily be modified or altered , thus giving a less reliable spatial representation of the object .","Auditory information therefore is not spatially represented unlike visual stimuli .","But once one has the spatial mapping from the visual information , multisensory integration helps bring the information from both the visual and auditory stimuli together to make a more robust mapping ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4443934837444205228","input":"where does the last name zatarain come from","passages":[{"title":"Zatarain's","text":"Crab and shrimp boils : these are used to prepare boiled seafood and in hosting the social event known as a seafood boil . The boil is a mesh bag ( formerly cheesecloth ) containing spices , including mustard seed , coriander seeds , allspice , bay leaf , and black pepper . The company also offers a liquid concentrate crab boil that can be used in lieu of the mesh packets to enhance soups . Creole mustard , a common item in New Orleans food , is a stone - ground brown mustard , often referred to as `` hot mustard '' to differentiate it from standard American yellow mustard . Fish - Fri , seasoned cornmeal . Ready - to - serve dinners , including gumbo , jambalaya , red beans and rice , and black beans and rice contain precooked beans , rice , and seasonings , to which consumers may optionally add meat . The dinners are available in two forms : frozen , for heating in a microwave oven , or in a package to which water is added before cooking on a stovetop or in a microwave oven . Seasonings include cayenne pepper , root - beer extract and mixes and blends similar to the kinds of pre-blended seasonings made popular by Paul Prudhomme and Emeril Lagasse .","sentences":["Crab and shrimp boils : these are used to prepare boiled seafood and in hosting the social event known as a seafood boil .","The boil is a mesh bag ( formerly cheesecloth ) containing spices , including mustard seed , coriander seeds , allspice , bay leaf , and black pepper .","The company also offers a liquid concentrate crab boil that can be used in lieu of the mesh packets to enhance soups .","Creole mustard , a common item in New Orleans food , is a stone - ground brown mustard , often referred to as `` hot mustard '' to differentiate it from standard American yellow mustard .","Fish - Fri , seasoned cornmeal .","Ready - to - serve dinners , including gumbo , jambalaya , red beans and rice , and black beans and rice contain precooked beans , rice , and seasonings , to which consumers may optionally add meat .","The dinners are available in two forms : frozen , for heating in a microwave oven , or in a package to which water is added before cooking on a stovetop or in a microwave oven .","Seasonings include cayenne pepper , root - beer extract and mixes and blends similar to the kinds of pre-blended seasonings made popular by Paul Prudhomme and Emeril Lagasse ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4566793694251506327","input":"where does dorothy end up after the tornado","passages":[{"title":"Dorothy Gale","text":"Dorothy appears in the third and fifth seasons of the TV series Once Upon a Time . In this show , Dorothy is from a fictional version Kansas and not from Earth ( dubbed the Land Without Magic in the show ) . She is portrayed as an adult by Teri Reeves and as a child by Matreya Scarrwener . Dorothy , caught in her Kansas farmhouse during a raging cyclone , is swept away to Oz . Taken in by the protectors of Oz , the sisterhood of witches , she comes to view them as family . One night , she is confronted by Zelena the Witch of the West ( Rebecca Mader ) , while getting water from a well . Zelena intends to get rid of Dorothy as she believes the girl is destined to usurp her seat in the sisterhood . In defense , Dorothy throws a bucket of water at Zelena ; causing the witch to melt . Glinda the Witch of the South ( Sunny Mabrey ) , then appears to offer her to take Zelena 's place as the Witch of the West , but Dorothy declines ; wishing only to return home . With Glinda 's help , she is taken to see the Wizard and given a pair of silver slippers to travel to any world . Dorothy thanks the Wizard of Oz ( Christopher Gorham ) and proceeds to click the slippers ' heels three times to send herself home . Only after the girl 's departure , Glinda discovers too late that Zelena masqueraded as the Wizard in order to usher Dorothy out of Oz .","sentences":["Dorothy appears in the third and fifth seasons of the TV series Once Upon a Time .","In this show , Dorothy is from a fictional version Kansas and not from Earth ( dubbed the Land Without Magic in the show ) .","She is portrayed as an adult by Teri Reeves and as a child by Matreya Scarrwener .","Dorothy , caught in her Kansas farmhouse during a raging cyclone , is swept away to Oz .","Taken in by the protectors of Oz , the sisterhood of witches , she comes to view them as family .","One night , she is confronted by Zelena the Witch of the West ( Rebecca Mader ) , while getting water from a well .","Zelena intends to get rid of Dorothy as she believes the girl is destined to usurp her seat in the sisterhood .","In defense , Dorothy throws a bucket of water at Zelena ; causing the witch to melt .","Glinda the Witch of the South ( Sunny Mabrey ) , then appears to offer her to take Zelena 's place as the Witch of the West , but Dorothy declines ; wishing only to return home .","With Glinda 's help , she is taken to see the Wizard and given a pair of silver slippers to travel to any world .","Dorothy thanks the Wizard of Oz ( Christopher Gorham ) and proceeds to click the slippers ' heels three times to send herself home .","Only after the girl 's departure , Glinda discovers too late that Zelena masqueraded as the Wizard in order to usher Dorothy out of Oz ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1043444828657934436","input":"how old is ian in season 3 of shameless","passages":[{"title":"Shameless (season 3)","text":"Fiona prepares herself for her court hearing , having decided to attempt to get full custody of the Gallagher children . To better her chances , Fiona , Lip and Ian forge a will in which Aunt Ginger leaves them the house . She gets help from Veronica in getting a deceased body of an elderly woman to pose as the recently dead Ginger . Meanwhile Frank tries to clean up his antics . Jimmy deals with the sudden visitation by immigration and has sex with Estefania again . Sheila gets visited at her home by the biological teenage father of baby Hymie and his mother , who Sheila decides to give Hymie to . Shortly after , Karen returns home . Debbie runs away from her foster home after having to do illegal manual labor along with the other children there . Ian is avoided by Mickey after they were caught having sex by Mickey 's father and having been beaten up as a result . Fiona finally faces Frank in court ; the judge continues Frank 's parental rights but declares Fiona the other legal guardian of the Gallagher children . Lip tries to file the forged will from Aunt Ginger for the house while in court , but finds out that a family relative by the name of Patrick filed an ( equally forged ) will earlier that supersedes theirs .","sentences":["Fiona prepares herself for her court hearing , having decided to attempt to get full custody of the Gallagher children .","To better her chances , Fiona , Lip and Ian forge a will in which Aunt Ginger leaves them the house .","She gets help from Veronica in getting a deceased body of an elderly woman to pose as the recently dead Ginger .","Meanwhile Frank tries to clean up his antics .","Jimmy deals with the sudden visitation by immigration and has sex with Estefania again .","Sheila gets visited at her home by the biological teenage father of baby Hymie and his mother , who Sheila decides to give Hymie to .","Shortly after , Karen returns home .","Debbie runs away from her foster home after having to do illegal manual labor along with the other children there .","Ian is avoided by Mickey after they were caught having sex by Mickey 's father and having been beaten up as a result .","Fiona finally faces Frank in court ; the judge continues Frank 's parental rights but declares Fiona the other legal guardian of the Gallagher children .","Lip tries to file the forged will from Aunt Ginger for the house while in court , but finds out that a family relative by the name of Patrick filed an ( equally forged ) will earlier that supersedes theirs ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"513739432796295920","input":"why do they call it a livery stable","passages":[{"title":"Livery","text":"Following on from the decoration of horse - drawn carriages , a livery is the common design and paint scheme a company will use on its vehicles , often using specific colors and logo placement . In this sense , the term is applied to railway locomotives and rolling stock , ships , aircraft , and road vehicles . For example , United Parcel Service has trucks with a well - known brown livery . Another example is the British Airways ethnic liveries . The term has become extended to the logos , colors and other distinctive styles of companies in general . See also trade dress .","sentences":["Following on from the decoration of horse - drawn carriages , a livery is the common design and paint scheme a company will use on its vehicles , often using specific colors and logo placement .","In this sense , the term is applied to railway locomotives and rolling stock , ships , aircraft , and road vehicles .","For example , United Parcel Service has trucks with a well - known brown livery .","Another example is the British Airways ethnic liveries .","The term has become extended to the logos , colors and other distinctive styles of companies in general .","See also trade dress ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1733377861289359028","input":"what two places on earth are there nothing but circumpolar stars","passages":[{"title":"Circumpolar star","text":"Whether a given star is circumpolar at the observer 's latitude ( \u03b8 ) may be calculated in terms of the star 's declination ( \u03b4 ) . The star is circumpolar if \u03b8 + \u03b4 is greater than + 90 \u00b0 ( observer in Northern Hemisphere ) , or \u03b8 + \u03b4 is less than \u2212 90 \u00b0 ( observer in Southern Hemisphere ) . `` A star whose diurnal circle lies above the horizon never sets , even though it can not be seen during the day . Designation of a star as circumpolar depends on the observer 's latitude . At the equator no star is circumpolar . At the North or South Pole all stars are circumpolar , since only one half of the celestial sphere can ever be seen . For an observer at any other latitude a star whose declination is greater than 90 \u00b0 minus the observer 's latitude will be circumpolar , appearing to circle the celestial pole and remaining always above the horizon . A constellation made up entirely of circumpolar stars is also called circumpolar . From most of the United States ( above lat. 40 \u00b0 N ) the Big Dipper is circumpolar '' .","sentences":["Whether a given star is circumpolar at the observer 's latitude ( \u03b8 ) may be calculated in terms of the star 's declination ( \u03b4 ) .","The star is circumpolar if \u03b8 + \u03b4 is greater than + 90 \u00b0 ( observer in Northern Hemisphere ) , or \u03b8 + \u03b4 is less than \u2212 90 \u00b0 ( observer in Southern Hemisphere ) .","`` A star whose diurnal circle lies above the horizon never sets , even though it can not be seen during the day .","Designation of a star as circumpolar depends on the observer 's latitude .","At the equator no star is circumpolar .","At the North or South Pole all stars are circumpolar , since only one half of the celestial sphere can ever be seen .","For an observer at any other latitude a star whose declination is greater than 90 \u00b0 minus the observer 's latitude will be circumpolar , appearing to circle the celestial pole and remaining always above the horizon .","A constellation made up entirely of circumpolar stars is also called circumpolar .","From most of the United States ( above lat.","40 \u00b0 N )","the Big Dipper is circumpolar '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6362198986050776154","input":"who played scarlett o hara and rhett butler in gone with the wind","passages":[{"title":"Gone with the Wind (film)","text":"`` Frankly , my dear , I do n't give a damn . '' -- # 1 `` After all , tomorrow is another day ! '' -- # 31 `` As God is my witness , I 'll never be hungry again . '' -- # 59 `` Fiddle - dee - dee . '' -- Nominated `` I do n't know nothin ' ' bout birthin ' babies . '' -- Nominated","sentences":["`` Frankly , my dear , I do n't give a damn . ''","-- # 1 `` After all , tomorrow is another day ! ''","-- # 31 `` As God is my witness , I 'll never be hungry again . ''","-- # 59 `` Fiddle - dee - dee . ''","-- Nominated `` I do n't know nothin ' ' bout birthin ' babies . ''","-- Nominated"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5796964838181874485","input":"what resulted from the work of the federal housing authority (fha) established in 1934","passages":[{"title":"Federal Housing Administration","text":"The creation of the Federal Housing Administration successfully increased the size of the housing market . Home ownership increased from 40 % in the 1930s to 61 % and 65 % in 1995 . Homeownership peaked at nearly 69 % in 2005 , near the peak of the US housing bubble . By 1938 only four years after the beginning of the Federal Housing Association , a house could be purchased for a down payment of only ten percent of the purchase price . The remaining ninety percent was financed by 25 - year , self - amortizing , FHA - insured mortgage loan . After World War II , the FHA helped finance homes for returning veterans and families of soldiers . It has helped with purchases of both single family and multifamily homes . In the 1950s , 1960s , and 1970s , the FHA helped to spark the production of millions of units of privately owned apartments for elderly , handicapped , and lower - income Americans . When the soaring inflation and energy costs threatened the survival of thousands of private apartment buildings in the 1970s , FHA 's emergency financing kept cash - strapped properties afloat . In the 1980s , when the economy did not support an increase in homeowners , the FHA helped to steady falling prices , making it possible for potential homeowners to finance when private mortgage insurers pulled out of oil - producing states .","sentences":["The creation of the Federal Housing Administration successfully increased the size of the housing market .","Home ownership increased from 40 % in the 1930s to 61 % and 65 % in 1995 .","Homeownership peaked at nearly 69 % in 2005 , near the peak of the US housing bubble .","By 1938 only four years after the beginning of the Federal Housing Association , a house could be purchased for a down payment of only ten percent of the purchase price .","The remaining ninety percent was financed by 25 - year , self - amortizing , FHA - insured mortgage loan .","After World War II , the FHA helped finance homes for returning veterans and families of soldiers .","It has helped with purchases of both single family and multifamily homes .","In the 1950s , 1960s , and 1970s , the FHA helped to spark the production of millions of units of privately owned apartments for elderly , handicapped , and lower - income Americans .","When the soaring inflation and energy costs threatened the survival of thousands of private apartment buildings in the 1970s , FHA 's emergency financing kept cash - strapped properties afloat .","In the 1980s , when the economy did not support an increase in homeowners , the FHA helped to steady falling prices , making it possible for potential homeowners to finance when private mortgage insurers pulled out of oil - producing states ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3820402660340484401","input":"what happened to bulk and skull from power rangers","passages":[{"title":"Bulk and Skull","text":"Out of high school and no longer on the force , Bulk and Skull needed something to do . Stone arranged for them to get jobs -- ranging from pizza delivery to construction . They were always fired from them , so they usually had new jobs in every episode they appeared in . Also during this time , they got to know the second generation of Turbo Rangers . During most of the season , the Rangers were used to their silly antics and tolerated them , but they seemed to like the two , with T.J. specifically treating them as his friends . Notably , in `` Parts and Parcel '' , Bulk and Skull are suspected of stealing and T.J. outright states to the Rangers that he knows they would not do that , and as the Red Ranger , he goes on to prove them innocent .","sentences":["Out of high school and no longer on the force , Bulk and Skull needed something to do .","Stone arranged for them to get jobs -- ranging from pizza delivery to construction .","They were always fired from them , so they usually had new jobs in every episode they appeared in .","Also during this time , they got to know the second generation of Turbo Rangers .","During most of the season , the Rangers were used to their silly antics and tolerated them , but they seemed to like the two , with T.J. specifically treating them as his friends .","Notably , in `` Parts and Parcel '' , Bulk and Skull are suspected of stealing and T.J. outright states to the Rangers that he knows they would not do that , and as the Red Ranger , he goes on to prove them innocent ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7378599392979884536","input":"who plays the canadian guy in grown ups","passages":[{"title":"Rob Schneider","text":"Schneider was hired at Saturday Night Live in 1988 . Schneider swiftly graduated from writer and featured player to full cast member . From 1990 to 1994 at SNL , he played such roles as `` Tiny Elvis '' and `` Orgasm Guy '' . His best known recurring character was Richard Laymer , an office worker whose desk was stuck beside the photocopier , and who addressed each of his fellow employees with an endless stream of annoying nicknames . Schneider is featured in the video release The Bad Boys of Saturday Night Live , along with colleagues Adam Sandler , Chris Rock , David Spade , and Chris Farley . Recurring","sentences":["Schneider was hired at Saturday Night Live in 1988 .","Schneider swiftly graduated from writer and featured player to full cast member .","From 1990 to 1994 at SNL , he played such roles as `` Tiny Elvis '' and `` Orgasm Guy '' .","His best known recurring character was Richard Laymer , an office worker whose desk was stuck beside the photocopier , and who addressed each of his fellow employees with an endless stream of annoying nicknames .","Schneider is featured in the video release The Bad Boys of Saturday Night Live , along with colleagues Adam Sandler , Chris Rock , David Spade , and Chris Farley .","Recurring"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6385005155510140801","input":"where do the hormones in birth control come from","passages":[{"title":"Hormonal contraception","text":"The progestogen only pill ( POP ) is taken once per day within the same three - hour window . Several different formulations of POP are marketed . A low - dose formulation is known as the minipill . Unlike COCPs , progestogen - only pills are taken every day with no breaks or placebos . For women not using ongoing hormonal contraception , progestogen - only pills may be taken after intercourse as emergency contraception . There are a number of dedicated products sold for this purpose .","sentences":["The progestogen only pill ( POP ) is taken once per day within the same three - hour window .","Several different formulations of POP are marketed .","A low - dose formulation is known as the minipill .","Unlike COCPs , progestogen - only pills are taken every day with no breaks or placebos .","For women not using ongoing hormonal contraception , progestogen - only pills may be taken after intercourse as emergency contraception .","There are a number of dedicated products sold for this purpose ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7403100429093936688","input":"who won band of the year 2018 in south","passages":[{"title":"Winner (band)","text":"WIN : WHO IS NEXT ? ( Mnet , 2013 ) WINNER TV ( Mnet , 2013 - 2014 ) WINNER 'S WINWIN TV ( Naver \/ V Live App , 2016 ) Half - Moon Friends ( JTBC , 2016 ) Youth Over Flowers ( TVN , 2017 )","sentences":["WIN : WHO IS NEXT ?","( Mnet , 2013 )","WINNER TV ( Mnet , 2013 - 2014 )","WINNER 'S WINWIN TV ( Naver \/ V Live App , 2016 )","Half - Moon Friends ( JTBC , 2016 )","Youth Over Flowers ( TVN , 2017 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5623441403126584385","input":"what is the purpose of a loading control in a western blot","passages":[{"title":"Western blot normalization","text":"Because stain - free technology does not require staining and destaining steps , it can be significantly faster than methods that utilize Ponceau S or Sypro Ruby stains . Consequently , it is becoming more popular , with an exponential growth in the number of publications using this technique . Gels developed with stain - free technology are compatible with standard SDS - PAGE buffers . Stain - free technology can also visualize proteins in the gel after electrophoresis or on the blot after transfer . Modifications to the proteins themselves are minimal and do not affect protein transfer or downstream antibody binding in western blotting . Furthermore , the observed intensity of the bands does not depend on the duration of staining \/ destaining and does not decrease with time .","sentences":["Because stain - free technology does not require staining and destaining steps , it can be significantly faster than methods that utilize Ponceau S or Sypro Ruby stains .","Consequently , it is becoming more popular , with an exponential growth in the number of publications using this technique .","Gels developed with stain - free technology are compatible with standard SDS - PAGE buffers .","Stain - free technology can also visualize proteins in the gel after electrophoresis or on the blot after transfer .","Modifications to the proteins themselves are minimal and do not affect protein transfer or downstream antibody binding in western blotting .","Furthermore , the observed intensity of the bands does not depend on the duration of staining \/ destaining and does not decrease with time ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3382118956887022690","input":"when will the last 16 of the world cup be played","passages":[{"title":"2018 FIFA World Cup","text":"show List of officials Confederation Referee Assistant referees Video assistant referees AFC Alireza Faghani ( Iran ) Reza Sokhandan ( Iran ) Mohammadreza Mansouri ( Iran ) Abdulrahman Al - Jassim ( Qatar ) Ravshan Irmatov ( Uzbekistan ) Abdukhamidullo Rasulov ( Uzbekistan ) Jakhongir Saidov ( Uzbekistan ) Mohammed Abdulla Hassan Mohamed ( United Arab Emirates ) Mohamed Al Hammadi ( United Arab Emirates ) Hasan Al Mahri ( United Arab Emirates ) Ryuji Sato ( Japan ) Toru Sagara ( Japan ) Hiroshi Yamauchi ( Japan ) Nawaf Shukralla ( Bahrain ) Yaser Tulefat ( Bahrain ) Taleb Al Maari ( Qatar ) CAF Mehdi Abid Charef ( Algeria ) Anouar Hmila ( Tunisia ) Malang Diedhiou ( Senegal ) Djibril Camara ( Senegal ) El Hadji Samba ( Senegal ) Bakary Gassama ( Gambia ) Jean Claude Birumushahu ( Burundi ) Abdelhak Etchiali ( Algeria ) Gehad Grisha ( Egypt ) Redouane Achik ( Morocco ) Waleed Ahmed ( Sudan ) Janny Sikazwe ( Zambia ) Jerson Dos Santos ( Angola ) Zakhele Siwela ( South Africa ) Bamlak Tessema Weyesa ( Ethiopia ) CONCACAF Joel Aguilar ( El Salvador ) Juan Zumba ( El Salvador ) Juan Carlos Mora ( Costa Rica ) Mark Geiger ( United States ) Frank Anderson ( United States ) Joe Fletcher ( Canada ) Jair Marrufo ( United States ) Corey Rockwell ( United States ) Ricardo Montero ( Costa Rica ) John Pitti ( Panama ) Gabriel Victoria ( Panama ) C\u00e9sar Arturo Ramos ( Mexico ) Marvin Torrentera ( Mexico ) Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez ( Mexico ) CONMEBOL Julio Bascu\u00f1\u00e1n ( Chile ) Carlos Astroza ( Chile ) Christian Schiemann ( Chile ) Wilton Sampaio ( Brazil ) Gery Vargas ( Bolivia ) Mauro Vigliano ( Argentina ) Enrique C\u00e1ceres ( Paraguay ) Eduardo Cardozo ( Paraguay ) Juan Zorrilla ( Paraguay ) Andr\u00e9s Cunha ( Uruguay ) Nicol\u00e1s Tar\u00e1n ( Uruguay ) Mauricio Espinosa ( Uruguay ) N\u00e9stor Pitana ( Argentina ) Hern\u00e1n Maidana ( Argentina ) Juan Pablo Belatti ( Argentina ) Sandro Ricci ( Brazil ) Emerson de Carvalho ( Brazil ) Marcelo Van Gasse ( Brazil ) Wilmar Rold\u00e1n ( Colombia ) Alexander Guzm\u00e1n ( Colombia ) Cristian de la Cruz ( Colombia ) OFC Matthew Conger ( New Zealand ) Simon Lount ( New Zealand ) Tevita Makasini ( Tonga ) Norbert Hauata ( Tahiti ) Bertrand Brial ( New Caledonia ) UEFA Felix Brych ( Germany ) Mark Borsch ( Germany ) Stefan Lupp ( Germany ) Bastian Dankert ( Germany ) Artur Soares Dias ( Portugal ) Pawe\u0142 Gil ( Poland ) Massimiliano Irrati ( Italy ) Tiago Martins ( Portugal ) Danny Makkelie ( Netherlands ) Daniele Orsato ( Italy ) Paolo Valeri ( Italy ) Felix Zwayer ( Germany ) C\u00fcneyt \u00c7ak\u0131r ( Turkey ) Bahattin Duran ( Turkey ) Tar\u0131k Ongun ( Turkey ) Sergei Karasev ( Russia ) Anton Averianov ( Russia ) Tikhon Kalugin ( Russia ) Bj\u00f6rn Kuipers ( Netherlands ) Sander van Roekel ( Netherlands ) Erwin Zeinstra ( Netherlands ) Szymon Marciniak ( Poland ) Pawe\u0142 Sokolnicki ( Poland ) Tomasz Listkiewicz ( Poland ) Antonio Mateu Lahoz ( Spain ) Pau Cebri\u00e1n Dev\u00eds ( Spain ) Roberto D\u00edaz P\u00e9rez ( Spain ) Milorad Ma\u017ei\u0107 ( Serbia ) Milovan Risti\u0107 ( Serbia ) Dalibor \u0110ur\u0111evi\u0107 ( Serbia ) Gianluca Rocchi ( Italy ) Elenito Di Liberatore ( Italy ) Mauro Tonolini ( Italy ) Damir Skomina ( Slovenia ) Jure Praprotnik ( Slovenia ) Robert Vukan ( Slovenia ) Cl\u00e9ment Turpin ( France ) Cyril Gringore ( France ) Nicolas Danos ( France )","sentences":["show List of officials Confederation Referee Assistant referees Video assistant referees AFC Alireza Faghani ( Iran )","Reza Sokhandan ( Iran )","Mohammadreza Mansouri ( Iran ) Abdulrahman Al - Jassim ( Qatar ) Ravshan Irmatov ( Uzbekistan )","Abdukhamidullo Rasulov ( Uzbekistan )","Jakhongir Saidov ( Uzbekistan ) Mohammed Abdulla Hassan Mohamed ( United Arab Emirates )","Mohamed Al Hammadi ( United Arab Emirates )","Hasan Al Mahri ( United Arab Emirates ) Ryuji Sato ( Japan )","Toru Sagara ( Japan ) Hiroshi Yamauchi ( Japan )","Nawaf Shukralla ( Bahrain )","Yaser Tulefat ( Bahrain ) Taleb Al Maari ( Qatar )","CAF Mehdi Abid Charef ( Algeria ) Anouar Hmila ( Tunisia )","Malang Diedhiou ( Senegal ) Djibril Camara ( Senegal )","El Hadji Samba ( Senegal ) Bakary Gassama ( Gambia )","Jean Claude Birumushahu ( Burundi ) Abdelhak Etchiali ( Algeria )","Gehad Grisha ( Egypt ) Redouane Achik ( Morocco )","Waleed Ahmed ( Sudan )","Janny Sikazwe ( Zambia )","Jerson Dos Santos ( Angola ) Zakhele Siwela","( South Africa )","Bamlak Tessema Weyesa ( Ethiopia ) CONCACAF Joel Aguilar ( El Salvador )","Juan Zumba ( El Salvador )","Juan Carlos Mora ( Costa Rica ) Mark Geiger ( United States )","Frank Anderson ( United States )","Joe Fletcher ( Canada ) Jair Marrufo ( United States )","Corey Rockwell ( United States ) Ricardo Montero ( Costa Rica )","John Pitti ( Panama ) Gabriel Victoria ( Panama )","C\u00e9sar Arturo Ramos ( Mexico ) Marvin Torrentera ( Mexico ) Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez ( Mexico ) CONMEBOL Julio Bascu\u00f1\u00e1n ( Chile )","Carlos Astroza ( Chile )","Christian Schiemann ( Chile ) Wilton Sampaio ( Brazil )","Gery Vargas ( Bolivia ) Mauro Vigliano ( Argentina ) Enrique C\u00e1ceres ( Paraguay )","Eduardo Cardozo ( Paraguay ) Juan Zorrilla ( Paraguay )","Andr\u00e9s Cunha ( Uruguay ) Nicol\u00e1s Tar\u00e1n ( Uruguay ) Mauricio Espinosa ( Uruguay )","N\u00e9stor Pitana ( Argentina )","Hern\u00e1n Maidana ( Argentina )","Juan Pablo Belatti ( Argentina ) Sandro Ricci ( Brazil )","Emerson de Carvalho ( Brazil )","Marcelo Van Gasse ( Brazil )","Wilmar Rold\u00e1n ( Colombia )","Alexander Guzm\u00e1n ( Colombia ) Cristian de la Cruz ( Colombia )","OFC Matthew Conger ( New Zealand )","Simon Lount ( New Zealand )","Tevita Makasini ( Tonga ) Norbert Hauata ( Tahiti )","Bertrand Brial ( New Caledonia ) UEFA Felix Brych ( Germany )","Mark Borsch ( Germany ) Stefan Lupp ( Germany )","Bastian Dankert ( Germany )","Artur Soares Dias ( Portugal ) Pawe\u0142 Gil ( Poland )","Massimiliano Irrati ( Italy ) Tiago Martins ( Portugal )","Danny Makkelie ( Netherlands ) Daniele Orsato ( Italy ) Paolo Valeri ( Italy )","Felix Zwayer ( Germany )","C\u00fcneyt \u00c7ak\u0131r ( Turkey )","Bahattin Duran ( Turkey )","Tar\u0131k Ongun ( Turkey )","Sergei Karasev ( Russia )","Anton Averianov ( Russia ) Tikhon Kalugin ( Russia )","Bj\u00f6rn Kuipers ( Netherlands ) Sander van Roekel ( Netherlands ) Erwin Zeinstra ( Netherlands )","Szymon Marciniak ( Poland ) Pawe\u0142 Sokolnicki ( Poland )","Tomasz Listkiewicz ( Poland )","Antonio Mateu Lahoz ( Spain )","Pau Cebri\u00e1n Dev\u00eds ( Spain ) Roberto D\u00edaz P\u00e9rez ( Spain )","Milorad Ma\u017ei\u0107 ( Serbia )","Milovan Risti\u0107 ( Serbia ) Dalibor \u0110ur\u0111evi\u0107 ( Serbia )","Gianluca Rocchi ( Italy ) Elenito Di Liberatore ( Italy ) Mauro Tonolini ( Italy ) Damir Skomina ( Slovenia )","Jure Praprotnik ( Slovenia ) Robert Vukan ( Slovenia ) Cl\u00e9ment Turpin ( France )","Cyril Gringore ( France )","Nicolas Danos ( France )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3117133491089610415","input":"why does you by the 1975 have a gap","passages":[{"title":"List of albums containing a hidden track: 0\u20139","text":"2 in a Room : `` World Party . '' After last track about 90 seconds an intro starts and a hidden track called slam dance , 1990s euro house track is revealed . 2 Many DJs , As Heard on Radio Soulwax Pt. 2 : `` Ca n't Get You Out of My Head '' ; Remix of Kylie Minogue 's song . Found in the pregap ; rewind from the beginning of track one . 3 Doors Down , Away from the Sun : `` This Time '' after the final track 10 Years : The Autumn Effect : There 's a track called `` Slowly Falling Awake '' after `` The Autumn Effect '' Division : After `` Picture Perfect ( In Your Eyes ) '' starting 3 : 37 there 's a song called `` Planets 2 '' that plays until 6 : 20 The 1975 IV : `` You '' is labeled as a ghost track on digital versions . This track is only available on the American edition . Sex : `` Milk '' after the final track `` You . '' Thirty Seconds to Mars : 30 Seconds to Mars : Contains hidden track `` The Struggle '' ( also called `` Hidden to Label '' ) . The lyrics hidden track were taken from Sun Tzu 's The Art of War . A Beautiful Lie : Contains hidden track at 12 : 26 of the last listed track , `` A Modern Myth . '' The song is called `` Praying for a Riot . '' 3OH ! 3 , Streets of Gold : After the last song `` Love 2012 '' ends , there is a couple of seconds of silence before a hidden outro starts . 311 : Evolver : Hidden track at 5 : 22 of final track of P - Nut and Hexum jamming . Transistor : The intro to `` Transistor '' is in the album 's pregap . There is another hidden track called `` Enter Space '' after the final track `` Stealing Happy Hours . '' Stereolithic : Hidden track 16 after `` Tranquility '' . 5ive : 5ive : `` Switch '' at track 55 Invincible : `` Inspector Gadget '' at track 55 Kingsize : `` World of Mine '' and `` All Around '' at tracks 25 and 26","sentences":["2 in a Room : `` World Party . ''","After last track about 90 seconds an intro starts and a hidden track called slam dance , 1990s euro house track is revealed .","2 Many DJs , As Heard on Radio Soulwax Pt. 2 : `` Ca n't Get You Out of My Head '' ; Remix of Kylie Minogue 's song .","Found in the pregap ; rewind from the beginning of track one .","3 Doors Down , Away from the Sun : `` This Time '' after the final track 10 Years : The Autumn Effect : There 's a track called `` Slowly Falling Awake '' after `` The Autumn Effect '' Division : After `` Picture Perfect ( In Your Eyes ) '' starting 3 : 37 there 's a song called `` Planets 2 '' that plays until 6 : 20 The 1975 IV : `` You '' is labeled as a ghost track on digital versions .","This track is only available on the American edition .","Sex : `` Milk '' after the final track `` You . ''","Thirty Seconds to Mars : 30 Seconds to Mars : Contains hidden track `` The Struggle '' ( also called `` Hidden to Label '' ) .","The lyrics hidden track were taken from Sun Tzu 's The Art of War .","A Beautiful Lie : Contains hidden track at 12 : 26 of the last listed track , `` A Modern Myth . ''","The song is called `` Praying for a Riot . ''","3OH !","3 , Streets of Gold : After the last song `` Love 2012 '' ends , there is a couple of seconds of silence before a hidden outro starts .","311 :","Evolver : Hidden track at 5 : 22 of final track of P - Nut and Hexum jamming .","Transistor :","The intro to `` Transistor '' is in the album 's pregap .","There is another hidden track called `` Enter Space '' after the final track `` Stealing Happy Hours . ''","Stereolithic : Hidden track 16 after `` Tranquility '' .","5ive : 5ive : `` Switch '' at track 55 Invincible : `` Inspector Gadget '' at track 55 Kingsize : `` World of Mine '' and `` All Around '' at tracks 25 and 26"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6543860628350223698","input":"where did jim from the office go to college","passages":[{"title":"Jim Halpert","text":"Jim Halpert was born on October 1 , 1978 , to Gerald and Betsy Halpert . He has two brothers , Pete and Tom , who share his general love of pranks but have come across as unpleasant and somewhat bullying towards their little brother . Jim 's parents presumably live in Scranton as well , as his sister Larissa and best friend Alan Murphy are listed as his emergency contact at Dunder Mifflin . While Pete and Tom have been seen on the show a few times , Larissa has not . He has a niece , Vanessa , and a nephew old enough to play T - ball . In `` Branch Wars '' , while he is not specific on which brother he is referring to , he states that his brother 's wife just had another baby . Jim enjoys cycling , and , as he reveals in a deleted scene from `` Take Your Daughter to Work Day '' , at times , will babysit Toby Flenderson 's daughter , Sasha . He also lists soft - shell crab as his favorite food . Jim has noted that basketball `` Was kind of ( his ) thing '' in high school . Although no high school is specifically named by Jim , both Dunmore High School ( as evidenced in a deleted scene from `` Product Recall '' where , during a business visit , he asks a high school student about a former teacher ) and West Scranton High School ( as evidenced when , during `` Email Surveillance '' , Pam holds up his yearbook displaying their mascot name , Invaders , across the front ) are referenced in separate episodes . In the Episode `` Dwight 's Speech '' , Jim tells Dwight that he majored in Public Speaking , however , he later denies this . Jim began working at Dunder Mifflin between 1998 and 1999 ( as evidenced in `` Pilot '' , and `` The Merger '' , where Jim says that he still loves when Michael says , `` Wazzup ! '' crazily after seven years , and that on his first day at work Michael played an orientation video which parodied The Blair Witch Project ) .","sentences":["Jim Halpert was born on October 1 , 1978 , to Gerald and Betsy Halpert .","He has two brothers , Pete and Tom , who share his general love of pranks but have come across as unpleasant and somewhat bullying towards their little brother .","Jim 's parents presumably live in Scranton as well , as his sister Larissa and best friend Alan Murphy are listed as his emergency contact at Dunder Mifflin .","While Pete and Tom have been seen on the show a few times , Larissa has not .","He has a niece , Vanessa , and a nephew old enough to play T - ball .","In `` Branch Wars '' , while he is not specific on which brother he is referring to , he states that his brother 's wife just had another baby .","Jim enjoys cycling , and , as he reveals in a deleted scene from `` Take Your Daughter to Work Day '' , at times , will babysit Toby Flenderson 's daughter , Sasha .","He also lists soft - shell crab as his favorite food .","Jim has noted that basketball `` Was kind of ( his ) thing '' in high school .","Although no high school is specifically named by Jim , both Dunmore High School ( as evidenced in a deleted scene from `` Product Recall '' where , during a business visit , he asks a high school student about a former teacher ) and West Scranton High School ( as evidenced when , during `` Email Surveillance '' , Pam holds up his yearbook displaying their mascot name , Invaders , across the front ) are referenced in separate episodes .","In the Episode `` Dwight 's Speech '' , Jim tells Dwight that he majored in Public Speaking , however , he later denies this .","Jim began working at Dunder Mifflin between 1998 and 1999 ( as evidenced in `` Pilot '' , and `` The Merger '' , where Jim says that he still loves when Michael says , `` Wazzup ! ''","crazily after seven years , and that on his first day at work Michael played an orientation video which parodied The Blair Witch Project ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8999568513816295231","input":"who discovered that fluoride is related to the prevention of dental caries","passages":[{"title":"Tooth decay","text":"In dentin from the deepest layer to the enamel , the distinct areas affected by caries are the advancing front , the zone of bacterial penetration , and the zone of destruction . The advancing front represents a zone of demineralised dentin due to acid and has no bacteria present . The zones of bacterial penetration and destruction are the locations of invading bacteria and ultimately the decomposition of dentin . The zone of destruction has a more mixed bacterial population where proteolytic enzymes have destroyed the organic matrix . The innermost dentin caries has been reversibly attacked because the collagen matrix is not severely damaged , giving it potential for repair . The outer more superficial zone is highly infected with proteolytic degradation of the collagen matrix and as a result the dentin is irreversibly demineralised . The","sentences":["In dentin from the deepest layer to the enamel , the distinct areas affected by caries are the advancing front , the zone of bacterial penetration , and the zone of destruction .","The advancing front represents a zone of demineralised dentin due to acid and has no bacteria present .","The zones of bacterial penetration and destruction are the locations of invading bacteria and ultimately the decomposition of dentin .","The zone of destruction has a more mixed bacterial population where proteolytic enzymes have destroyed the organic matrix .","The innermost dentin caries has been reversibly attacked because the collagen matrix is not severely damaged , giving it potential for repair .","The outer more superficial zone is highly infected with proteolytic degradation of the collagen matrix and as a result the dentin is irreversibly demineralised .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6171808821335631864","input":"where does a bald eagle live in it habitat","passages":[{"title":"Bald eagle","text":"The bald eagle typically requires old - growth and mature stands of coniferous or hardwood trees for perching , roosting , and nesting . Tree species reportedly is less important to the eagle pair than the tree 's height , composition and location . Perhaps of paramount importance for this species is an abundance of comparatively large trees surrounding the body of water . Selected trees must have good visibility , be over 20 m ( 66 ft ) tall , an open structure , and proximity to prey . If nesting trees are in standing water such as in a mangrove swamp , the nest can be located fairly low , at as low 6 m ( 20 ft ) above the ground . In a more typical tree standing on dry ground , nests may be located from 16 to 38 m ( 52 to 125 ft ) in height . In Chesapeake Bay , nesting trees averaged 82 cm ( 32 in ) in diameter and 28 m ( 92 ft ) in total height , while in Florida , the average nesting tree stands 23 m ( 75 ft ) high and is 23 cm ( 9.1 in ) in diameter . Trees used for nesting in the Greater Yellowstone area average 27 m ( 89 ft ) high . Trees or forest used for nesting should have a canopy cover of no more than 60 % , and no less than 20 % , and be in close proximity to water . Most nests have been found within 200 m ( 660 ft ) of open water . The greatest distance from open water recorded for a bald eagle nest was over 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) , in Florida .","sentences":["The bald eagle typically requires old - growth and mature stands of coniferous or hardwood trees for perching , roosting , and nesting .","Tree species reportedly is less important to the eagle pair than the tree 's height , composition and location .","Perhaps of paramount importance for this species is an abundance of comparatively large trees surrounding the body of water .","Selected trees must have good visibility , be over 20 m ( 66 ft ) tall , an open structure , and proximity to prey .","If nesting trees are in standing water such as in a mangrove swamp , the nest can be located fairly low , at as low 6 m ( 20 ft ) above the ground .","In a more typical tree standing on dry ground , nests may be located from 16 to 38 m ( 52 to 125 ft ) in height .","In Chesapeake Bay , nesting trees averaged 82 cm ( 32 in ) in diameter and 28 m ( 92 ft ) in total height , while in Florida , the average nesting tree stands 23 m ( 75 ft ) high and is 23 cm ( 9.1 in ) in diameter .","Trees used for nesting in the Greater Yellowstone area average 27 m ( 89 ft ) high .","Trees or forest used for nesting should have a canopy cover of no more than 60 % , and no less than 20 % , and be in close proximity to water .","Most nests have been found within 200 m ( 660 ft ) of open water .","The greatest distance from open water recorded for a bald eagle nest was over 3 km ( 1.9 mi ) , in Florida ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"101805580542204126","input":"where does the road to the white house start","passages":[{"title":"White House","text":"Decades of poor maintenance , the construction of a fourth story attic during the Coolidge administration , and the addition of a second - floor balcony over the south portico for Harry S. Truman took a great toll on the brick and sandstone structure built around a timber frame . By 1948 , the house was declared to be in imminent danger of collapse , forcing President Truman to commission a reconstruction and to live across the street at Blair House from 1949 to 1951 . The work , done by the firm of Philadelphia contractor John McShain , required the complete dismantling of the interior spaces , construction of a new load - bearing internal steel frame and the reconstruction of the original rooms within the new structure . The total cost of the renovations was about $5.7 million ( US $ 54 million in 2018 ) . Some modifications to the floor plan were made , the largest being the repositioning of the grand staircase to open into the Entrance Hall , rather than the Cross Hall . Central air conditioning was added , as well as two additional sub-basements providing space for workrooms , storage , and a bomb shelter . The Trumans moved back into the White House on March 27 , 1952 . While the house 's structure was kept intact by the Truman reconstruction , much of the new interior finishes were generic , and of little historic value . Much of the original plasterwork , some dating back to the 1814 -- 1816 rebuilding , was too damaged to reinstall , as was the original robust Beaux Arts paneling in the East Room . President Truman had the original timber frame sawed into paneling ; the walls of the Vermeil Room , Library , China Room , and Map Room on the ground floor of the main residence were paneled in wood from the timbers .","sentences":["Decades of poor maintenance , the construction of a fourth story attic during the Coolidge administration , and the addition of a second - floor balcony over the south portico for Harry S. Truman took a great toll on the brick and sandstone structure built around a timber frame .","By 1948 , the house was declared to be in imminent danger of collapse , forcing President Truman to commission a reconstruction and to live across the street at Blair House from 1949 to 1951 .","The work , done by the firm of Philadelphia contractor John McShain , required the complete dismantling of the interior spaces , construction of a new load - bearing internal steel frame and the reconstruction of the original rooms within the new structure .","The total cost of the renovations was about $5.7 million ( US $ 54 million in 2018 ) .","Some modifications to the floor plan were made , the largest being the repositioning of the grand staircase to open into the Entrance Hall , rather than the Cross Hall .","Central air conditioning was added , as well as two additional sub-basements providing space for workrooms , storage , and a bomb shelter .","The Trumans moved back into the White House on March 27 , 1952 .","While the house 's structure was kept intact by the Truman reconstruction , much of the new interior finishes were generic , and of little historic value .","Much of the original plasterwork , some dating back to the 1814 -- 1816 rebuilding , was too damaged to reinstall , as was the original robust Beaux Arts paneling in the East Room .","President Truman had the original timber frame sawed into paneling ; the walls of the Vermeil Room , Library , China Room , and Map Room on the ground floor of the main residence were paneled in wood from the timbers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2235307689934477782","input":"who fly past on red fort in 1947","passages":[{"title":"Subroto Mukerjee","text":"On 8 October 1932 , the six Indians cadets were commissioned in the Royal Air Force . On the same day , the Indian Air Force Act was passed by the Indian Legislative Assembly , and the Indian Air Force was born . Subroto was commissioned as a pilot . After completing their training at Cranwell , the Indian pilots passed through the Army Cooperation School at Old Sarum in Wiltshire . They served in RAF squadrons before coming back to India to serve Indian Air Force . On 1 April 1933 , `` A '' Flight of the No 1 Squadron , Indian Air Force , was formed at Karachi . Subroto was one of the five Indian pilots who made up the flight . The flight was equipped with four Westland Wapiti biplanes .","sentences":["On 8 October 1932 , the six Indians cadets were commissioned in the Royal Air Force .","On the same day , the Indian Air Force Act was passed by the Indian Legislative Assembly , and the Indian Air Force was born .","Subroto was commissioned as a pilot .","After completing their training at Cranwell , the Indian pilots passed through the Army Cooperation School at Old Sarum in Wiltshire .","They served in RAF squadrons before coming back to India to serve Indian Air Force .","On 1 April 1933 , `` A '' Flight of the No 1 Squadron , Indian Air Force , was formed at Karachi .","Subroto was one of the five Indian pilots who made up the flight .","The flight was equipped with four Westland Wapiti biplanes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5070977222581972681","input":"who claimed the hudson river and new york","passages":[{"title":"Hudson River","text":"At the beginning of the 19th century , transportation from the US east coast into the mainland was difficult . Ships were the fastest vehicles at the time , as trains and automobiles were still being developed . In order to facilitate shipping throughout the country 's interior , numerous canals were constructed between internal bodies of water in the 1800s . One of the most significant canals of this era was the Erie Canal , built to link the Midwest to the Port of New York , a significant seaport during that time . The completion of the canal enhanced the development of the American West , allowing settlers to travel west , send goods to markets in frontier cities , and export goods via the Hudson River and New York City . The completion of the canal made New York City one of the most vital ports in the nation , surpassing the Port of Philadelphia and ports in Massachusetts . After the completion of the Erie Canal , smaller canals were built to connect it with the new system . The Champlain Canal was built to connect the Hudson River near Troy to the southern end of Lake Champlain . This canal allowed boaters to travel from the St. Lawrence Seaway , and then British cities such as Montreal to the Hudson River and New York City . Another major canal was the Oswego Canal , which connected the Erie Canal to Oswego and Lake Ontario , and could be used to bypass Niagara Falls . The Cayuga - Seneca Canal connected the Erie Canal to Cayuga Lake and Seneca Lake . Farther south , the Delaware and Hudson Canal was built between the Delaware River at Honesdale , Pennsylvania , and the Hudson River at Kingston , New York . This canal enabled the transportation of coal , and later other goods as well , between the Delaware and Hudson River watersheds . The combination of these canals made the Hudson River one of the most vital waterways for trade in the nation .","sentences":["At the beginning of the 19th century , transportation from the US east coast into the mainland was difficult .","Ships were the fastest vehicles at the time , as trains and automobiles were still being developed .","In order to facilitate shipping throughout the country 's interior , numerous canals were constructed between internal bodies of water in the 1800s .","One of the most significant canals of this era was the Erie Canal , built to link the Midwest to the Port of New York , a significant seaport during that time .","The completion of the canal enhanced the development of the American West , allowing settlers to travel west , send goods to markets in frontier cities , and export goods via the Hudson River and New York City .","The completion of the canal made New York City one of the most vital ports in the nation , surpassing the Port of Philadelphia and ports in Massachusetts .","After the completion of the Erie Canal , smaller canals were built to connect it with the new system .","The Champlain Canal was built to connect the Hudson River near Troy to the southern end of Lake Champlain .","This canal allowed boaters to travel from the St. Lawrence Seaway , and then British cities such as Montreal to the Hudson River and New York City .","Another major canal was the Oswego Canal , which connected the Erie Canal to Oswego and Lake Ontario , and could be used to bypass Niagara Falls .","The Cayuga - Seneca Canal connected the Erie Canal to Cayuga Lake and Seneca Lake .","Farther south , the Delaware and Hudson Canal was built between the Delaware River at Honesdale , Pennsylvania , and the Hudson River at Kingston , New York .","This canal enabled the transportation of coal , and later other goods as well , between the Delaware and Hudson River watersheds .","The combination of these canals made the Hudson River one of the most vital waterways for trade in the nation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8652310096968164860","input":"where do we come from what are we where are we going museum of fine arts boston","passages":[{"title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?","text":"^ Jump up to : Where Do We Come From ? What Are We ? Where Are We Going ? , Museum of Fine Arts , Boston . Retrieved 23 February 2015 . Jump up ^ Gayford pp. 99 - 100 . Jump up ^ Stuckey p. 129 . Jump up ^ Mathews pp. 225 - 6 . Jump up ^ Thomson p. 194 . Jump up ^ Boime p. 143 . Jump up ^ Boime p. 140 . Jump up ^ `` Gauguin - Tahiti , The Workshop of the Tropics '' . musee-orsay.fr . Mus\u00e9e d'Orsay . Jump up ^ Mathews p. 229 . Jump up ^ Thomson pp. 198 - 200 .","sentences":["^","Jump up to : Where Do We Come From ?","What Are We ?","Where Are We Going ?",", Museum of Fine Arts , Boston .","Retrieved 23 February 2015 .","Jump up ^ Gayford pp.","99 - 100 .","Jump up ^","Stuckey p. 129 .","Jump up ^ Mathews pp.","225 - 6 .","Jump up ^","Thomson p. 194 .","Jump up ^","Boime p. 143 .","Jump up ^","Boime p. 140 .","Jump up ^ `` Gauguin - Tahiti , The Workshop of the Tropics '' .","musee-orsay.fr .","Mus\u00e9e d'Orsay .","Jump up ^ Mathews p. 229 .","Jump up ^","Thomson pp.","198 - 200 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6106385550781287127","input":"where did the saying price of tea in china","passages":[{"title":"What's that got to do with the...?","text":"A common form , what does that have to do with the price of tea in China ? , is a retort to an irrelevant suggestion . This facetious usage implies that the topic under discussion might as well be the price of tea in China for all the relevance the speaker 's suggestion bears on it . It has been said that this expression has stemmed from economists , who describe everything economic as affecting everything else , trying to find an expression which denotes the farthest logical connection from their current economic focus , in a sort of butterfly effect . In this way , the price of tea in China was used to denote the farthest possibility . It can also be used to denote an irrelevant topic .","sentences":["A common form , what does that have to do with the price of tea in China ?",", is a retort to an irrelevant suggestion .","This facetious usage implies that the topic under discussion might as well be the price of tea in China for all the relevance the speaker 's suggestion bears on it .","It has been said that this expression has stemmed from economists , who describe everything economic as affecting everything else , trying to find an expression which denotes the farthest logical connection from their current economic focus , in a sort of butterfly effect .","In this way , the price of tea in China was used to denote the farthest possibility .","It can also be used to denote an irrelevant topic ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2430174562394272508","input":"describe the government that replaced the national convention","passages":[{"title":"National Convention","text":"The committee was always managed collegially , despite the specific nature of the tasks of each director : the division into `` politicians '' and `` technicians '' was a Thermidorian invention , intended to lay the corpses of the Terror at the door of the Robespierrists alone . Many things , however , set the twelve committee members at loggerheads ; Barrere was more a man of the Convention than of the committee and was a link with the Plaine . Robert Lindet had qualms about the Terror which , by contrast , was the outstanding theme of Collot d'Herbois and Billaud - Varenne , latecomers to the committee , forced on it by the sans - culottes in September ; unlike Robespierre and his friends , Lazare Carnot had given his support only provisionally and for reasons of state to a policy concession to the people . But the situation which united them in the summer of 1793 was stronger than those differences of opinion . The Committee had to set itself above all , and choose those popular demands which were most suitable for achieving the Assembly 's aims : to crush the enemies of the Republic and dash the last hopes of the aristocracy . To govern in the name of the Convention , at the same time controlling it , and to restrain the people without quenching their enthusiasm -- this was a gamble .","sentences":["The committee was always managed collegially , despite the specific nature of the tasks of each director : the division into `` politicians '' and `` technicians '' was a Thermidorian invention , intended to lay the corpses of the Terror at the door of the Robespierrists alone .","Many things , however , set the twelve committee members at loggerheads ; Barrere was more a man of the Convention than of the committee and was a link with the Plaine .","Robert Lindet had qualms about the Terror which , by contrast , was the outstanding theme of Collot d'Herbois and Billaud - Varenne , latecomers to the committee , forced on it by the sans - culottes in September ; unlike Robespierre and his friends , Lazare Carnot had given his support only provisionally and for reasons of state to a policy concession to the people .","But the situation which united them in the summer of 1793 was stronger than those differences of opinion .","The Committee had to set itself above all , and choose those popular demands which were most suitable for achieving the Assembly 's aims : to crush the enemies of the Republic and dash the last hopes of the aristocracy .","To govern in the name of the Convention , at the same time controlling it , and to restrain the people without quenching their enthusiasm -- this was a gamble ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-700670801081974079","input":"where does north south east and west come from","passages":[{"title":"Cardinal direction","text":"To keep to a bearing is not , in general , the same as going in a straight direction along a great circle . Conversely , one can keep to a great circle and the bearing may change . Thus the bearing of a straight path crossing the North Pole changes abruptly at the Pole from North to South . When traveling East or West , it is only on the Equator that one can keep East or West and be going straight ( without need to steer ) . Anywhere else , maintaining latitude requires a change in direction , requires steering . However , this change in direction becomes increasingly negligible as one moves to lower latitudes .","sentences":["To keep to a bearing is not , in general , the same as going in a straight direction along a great circle .","Conversely , one can keep to a great circle and the bearing may change .","Thus the bearing of a straight path crossing the North Pole changes abruptly at the Pole from North to South .","When traveling East or West , it is only on the Equator that one can keep East or West and be going straight ( without need to steer ) .","Anywhere else , maintaining latitude requires a change in direction , requires steering .","However , this change in direction becomes increasingly negligible as one moves to lower latitudes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4387008905306880249","input":"why does charlie need medication in gossip girl","passages":[{"title":"Ivy Dickens","text":"Although Ivy has developed feelings for Nate , Diana has threatened her to stay away from him . This changes , however , when she finds out that Ivy 's ex-boyfriend , Max , is in town looking for her and sets up an elaborate plot that very nearly causes her secret to be revealed . Max finds Gossip Girl 's website , along with a picture of Ivy under ' Charlie Rhodes ' . He tracks Ivy down at the Van der Woodsen loft and Ivy is backed into a corner where she tells Lily and Max that her mother made her change her name to Ivy in order to avoid being used for her money . While discussing this later , Ivy offers Max money to leave town and start his restaurant in Portland , Oregon . When he finds out that Ivy is actually impersonating Charlie Rhodes , he blackmails Ivy into giving him more money than she had originally offered before deciding to stay in town . When Carol and CeCe return to town however , Carol tries to help Ivy out of her trouble with Max by getting CeCe to unlock the rest of Charlie 's trust fund , which she does . After Ivy convinces Serena to drop her date with Max on Carol 's advice , Max shows up to the party and attempts to out Charlie as Ivy to the rest of the Rhodes \/ Van der Woodsen family . It is Carol , however , that convinces the family that Max is lying , later telling Ivy that if the family found out what has happened to the real Charlie Rhodes , Ivy would n't be the only one out . Carol tells Ivy that she may now leave New York and start a new life with the wealth she now possesses . Ivy , however , tells her that she does n't care about the wealth and luxury of being a part of the family , and that Carol can have the trust fund , since all she really wants is a family to call her own .","sentences":["Although Ivy has developed feelings for Nate , Diana has threatened her to stay away from him .","This changes , however , when she finds out that Ivy 's ex-boyfriend , Max , is in town looking for her and sets up an elaborate plot that very nearly causes her secret to be revealed .","Max finds Gossip Girl 's website , along with a picture of Ivy under ' Charlie Rhodes ' .","He tracks Ivy down at the Van der Woodsen loft and Ivy is backed into a corner where she tells Lily and Max that her mother made her change her name to Ivy in order to avoid being used for her money .","While discussing this later , Ivy offers Max money to leave town and start his restaurant in Portland , Oregon .","When he finds out that Ivy is actually impersonating Charlie Rhodes , he blackmails Ivy into giving him more money than she had originally offered before deciding to stay in town .","When Carol and CeCe return to town however , Carol tries to help Ivy out of her trouble with Max by getting CeCe to unlock the rest of Charlie 's trust fund , which she does .","After Ivy convinces Serena to drop her date with Max on Carol 's advice , Max shows up to the party and attempts to out Charlie as Ivy to the rest of the Rhodes \/ Van der Woodsen family .","It is Carol , however , that convinces the family that Max is lying , later telling Ivy that if the family found out what has happened to the real Charlie Rhodes , Ivy would n't be the only one out .","Carol tells Ivy that she may now leave New York and start a new life with the wealth she now possesses .","Ivy , however , tells her that she does n't care about the wealth and luxury of being a part of the family , and that Carol can have the trust fund , since all she really wants is a family to call her own ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6755114824325139830","input":"a group of stars found in the constellation leo","passages":[{"title":"Leo (constellation)","text":"In Greek mythology , Leo was identified as the Nemean Lion which was killed by Heracles ( Hercules to the Romans ) during the first of his twelve labours . The Nemean Lion would take women as hostages to its lair in a cave , luring warriors from nearby towns to save the damsel in distress , to their misfortune . The Lion was impervious to any weaponry ; thus , the warriors ' clubs , swords , and spears were rendered useless against it . Realizing that he must defeat the Lion with his bare hands , Hercules slipped into the Lion 's cave and engaged it at close quarters . When the Lion pounced , Hercules caught it in midair , one hand grasping the Lion 's forelegs and the other its hind legs , and bent it backwards , breaking its back and freeing the trapped maidens . Zeus commemorated this labor by placing the Lion in the sky .","sentences":["In Greek mythology , Leo was identified as the Nemean Lion which was killed by Heracles ( Hercules to the Romans ) during the first of his twelve labours .","The Nemean Lion would take women as hostages to its lair in a cave , luring warriors from nearby towns to save the damsel in distress , to their misfortune .","The Lion was impervious to any weaponry ; thus , the warriors ' clubs , swords , and spears were rendered useless against it .","Realizing that he must defeat the Lion with his bare hands , Hercules slipped into the Lion 's cave and engaged it at close quarters .","When the Lion pounced , Hercules caught it in midair , one hand grasping the Lion 's forelegs and the other its hind legs , and bent it backwards , breaking its back and freeing the trapped maidens .","Zeus commemorated this labor by placing the Lion in the sky ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6975517892640042369","input":"sources of benzo a pyrene in the environment","passages":[{"title":"Benzo(a)pyrene","text":"Benzo ( a ) pyrene Names IUPAC name Benzo ( a ) pyrene Identifiers CAS Number 50 - 32 - 8 3D model ( JSmol ) Interactive image ChEBI CHEBI : 29865 ChemSpider 2246 ECHA InfoCard 100.000. 026 EC Number 200 - 028 - 5 KEGG C07535 PubChem CID 2336 RTECS number DJ3675000 UNII 3417WMA06D UN number 3077 , 3082 InChI ( show ) InChI = 1S \/ C20H12 \/ c1 - 2 - 7 - 17 - 15 ( 4 - 1 ) 12 - 16 - 9 - 8 - 13 - 5 - 3 - 6 - 14 - 10 - 11 - 18 ( 17 ) 20 ( 16 ) 19 ( 13 ) 14 \/ h1 - 12H Key : FMMWHPNWAFZXNH - UHFFFAOYSA - N InChI = 1 \/ C20H12 \/ c1 - 2 - 7 - 17 - 15 ( 4 - 1 ) 12 - 16 - 9 - 8 - 13 - 5 - 3 - 6 - 14 - 10 - 11 - 18 ( 17 ) 20 ( 16 ) 19 ( 13 ) 14 \/ h1 - 12H Key : FMMWHPNWAFZXNH - UHFFFAOYAQ SMILES ( show ) c1ccc2c ( c1 ) cc3ccc4cccc5c4c3c2cc5 Properties Chemical formula Molar mass 252.32 g mol Density 1.24 g \/ cm ( 25 \u00b0 C ) Melting point 179 \u00b0 C ( 354 \u00b0 F ; 452 K ) Boiling point 495 \u00b0 C ( 923 \u00b0 F ; 768 K ) Solubility in water 0.2 to 6.2 ug \/ L Magnetic susceptibility ( \u03c7 ) - 135.7 10 cm \/ mol Hazards GHS pictograms GHS signal word Danger GHS hazard statements H317 , H340 , H350 , H360 , H400 , H410 GHS precautionary statements P201 , P202 , P261 , P272 , P273 , P280 , P281 , P302 + 352 , P308 + 313 , P321 , P333 + 313 , P363 , P391 , P405 Except where otherwise noted , data are given for materials in their standard state ( at 25 \u00b0 C ( 77 \u00b0 F ) , 100 kPa ) . Y verify ( what is ? ) Infobox references","sentences":["Benzo ( a ) pyrene Names IUPAC name Benzo ( a ) pyrene Identifiers CAS Number 50 - 32 - 8 3D model ( JSmol )","Interactive image ChEBI CHEBI : 29865 ChemSpider 2246 ECHA InfoCard 100.000. 026","EC Number 200 - 028 - 5 KEGG C07535","PubChem CID 2336 RTECS number DJ3675000 UNII 3417WMA06D UN number 3077 , 3082 InChI ( show )","InChI = 1S \/ C20H12 \/ c1 - 2 - 7 - 17 - 15 ( 4 - 1 ) 12 - 16 - 9 - 8 - 13 - 5 - 3 - 6 - 14 - 10 - 11 - 18 ( 17 ) 20 ( 16 ) 19","( 13 ) 14 \/ h1 - 12H Key : FMMWHPNWAFZXNH - UHFFFAOYSA -","N InChI = 1 \/ C20H12 \/ c1 - 2 - 7 - 17 - 15 ( 4 - 1 ) 12 - 16 - 9 - 8 - 13 - 5 - 3 - 6 - 14 - 10 - 11 - 18 ( 17 ) 20 ( 16 ) 19","( 13 ) 14 \/ h1 - 12H Key : FMMWHPNWAFZXNH - UHFFFAOYAQ SMILES ( show ) c1ccc2c ( c1 ) cc3ccc4cccc5c4c3c2cc5","Properties Chemical formula Molar mass 252.32 g mol Density 1.24 g \/ cm ( 25 \u00b0 C )","Melting point 179 \u00b0 C ( 354 \u00b0 F ; 452 K )","Boiling point 495 \u00b0 C ( 923 \u00b0 F ; 768 K ) Solubility in water 0.2 to 6.2 ug \/ L Magnetic susceptibility ( \u03c7 ) - 135.7 10 cm \/ mol Hazards GHS pictograms GHS signal word Danger GHS hazard statements H317 , H340 , H350 , H360 , H400 , H410 GHS precautionary statements P201 , P202 , P261 , P272 , P273 , P280 , P281 , P302 + 352 , P308 + 313 , P321 , P333 + 313 , P363 , P391 , P405 Except where otherwise noted , data are given for materials in their standard state ( at 25 \u00b0 C ( 77 \u00b0 F ) , 100 kPa ) .","Y verify ( what is ? )","Infobox references"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5579018357307100090","input":"what is the axe description of the chlorine pentafluoride clf5 molecule","passages":[{"title":"Chlorine pentafluoride","text":"Chlorine pentafluoride Identifiers CAS Number 13637 - 63 - 3 3D model ( JSmol ) Interactive image ChemSpider 55559 ECHA InfoCard 100.033. 734 PubChem CID 61654 RTECS number FO2975000 InChI ( show ) InChI = 1S \/ ClF5 \/ c2 - 1 ( 3 , 4 , 5 ) 6 Key : KNSWNNXPAWSACI - UHFFFAOYSA - N SMILES ( show ) FCl ( F ) ( F ) ( F ) F Properties Chemical formula ClF Molar mass 130.445 g mol Appearance colorless gas Density 4.5 kg \/ m ( g \/ L ) Melting point \u2212 103 \u00b0 C ( \u2212 153 \u00b0 F ; 170 K ) Boiling point \u2212 13.1 \u00b0 C ( 8.4 \u00b0 F ; 260.0 K ) Solubility in water Hydrolyzes Structure Molecular shape Square pyramidal Thermochemistry Std molar entropy ( S ) 310.73 JK mol Std enthalpy of formation ( \u0394 H ) \u2212 238.49 kJ mol Except where otherwise noted , data are given for materials in their standard state ( at 25 \u00b0 C ( 77 \u00b0 F ) , 100 kPa ) . N verify ( what is ? ) Infobox references","sentences":["Chlorine pentafluoride Identifiers CAS Number 13637 - 63 - 3 3D model ( JSmol )","Interactive image ChemSpider 55559","ECHA InfoCard 100.033.","734 PubChem CID 61654 RTECS number FO2975000 InChI ( show )","InChI = 1S \/ ClF5 \/ c2 - 1 ( 3 , 4 , 5 ) 6 Key : KNSWNNXPAWSACI - UHFFFAOYSA - N SMILES ( show ) FCl ( F ) ( F ) ( F ) F Properties Chemical formula ClF Molar mass 130.445 g mol Appearance colorless gas Density 4.5 kg \/ m ( g \/ L )","Melting point \u2212 103 \u00b0 C ( \u2212 153 \u00b0","F ; 170 K )","Boiling point \u2212 13.1 \u00b0 C ( 8.4 \u00b0 F ; 260.0 K ) Solubility in water Hydrolyzes Structure Molecular shape Square pyramidal Thermochemistry Std molar entropy ( S ) 310.73 JK mol Std enthalpy of formation ( \u0394 H )","\u2212 238.49 kJ mol Except where otherwise noted , data are given for materials in their standard state ( at 25 \u00b0 C ( 77 \u00b0 F ) , 100 kPa ) .","N verify ( what is ? )","Infobox references"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7711174601919571157","input":"when does zac find out they are mermaids","passages":[{"title":"List of Mako: Island of Secrets episodes","text":"Zac struggles to come to terms with the revelation that he is a real merman who was given up for adoption by Mimmi 's mother . He isolates himself from everyone else and refuses to accept Mimmi as his sister . When a couple of jerks show up and ridicule Zac by calling him a quitter , Zac becomes very angry and begins recklessly using his powers against them . Mimmi and Evie manage to calm him down before he goes too far by reminding him that , unlike Mimmi , he has two parents who love him . Afterwards , Zac talks to his parents who tell him about how they found him and adopted him as a baby . The next day , Zac finally accepts Mimmi as his sister .","sentences":["Zac struggles to come to terms with the revelation that he is a real merman who was given up for adoption by Mimmi 's mother .","He isolates himself from everyone else and refuses to accept Mimmi as his sister .","When a couple of jerks show up and ridicule Zac by calling him a quitter , Zac becomes very angry and begins recklessly using his powers against them .","Mimmi and Evie manage to calm him down before he goes too far by reminding him that , unlike Mimmi , he has two parents who love him .","Afterwards , Zac talks to his parents who tell him about how they found him and adopted him as a baby .","The next day , Zac finally accepts Mimmi as his sister ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1751227818965014520","input":"who is sponsored by jordan in the nba","passages":[{"title":"Air Jordan","text":"In 2012 , the Air Jordan X was re-released . They are dubbed the `` Chicago Bulls '' , as they are part of a regional pack ( City Pack ) , representing five teams . The lacing and tongue are completely black , and the red inner lining contrasts with the red inserts on the outsole . The outsole 's design features a striped ( wavy ) design , which list many of Jordan 's accomplishments . They retailed at $160 . The Air Jordan X was released again in an OVO collaboration in 2015 and 2016 , releasing in white and black colorways respectively with stingray detailing .","sentences":["In 2012 , the Air Jordan X was re-released .","They are dubbed the `` Chicago Bulls '' , as they are part of a regional pack ( City Pack ) , representing five teams .","The lacing and tongue are completely black , and the red inner lining contrasts with the red inserts on the outsole .","The outsole 's design features a striped ( wavy ) design , which list many of Jordan 's accomplishments .","They retailed at $160 .","The Air Jordan X was released again in an OVO collaboration in 2015 and 2016 , releasing in white and black colorways respectively with stingray detailing ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1030225883420675622","input":"where did the expression flipping the bird come from","passages":[{"title":"The finger","text":"The NME Awards , an annual music awards show in the UK , uses an extended middle finger design in the trophy handed out to the winners . Many musical artists , including Madonna , Lady Gaga , Eminem , Ariana Grande , Katy Perry , and Adele have publicly made the gesture . Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea have given the gesture towards members of the paparazzi , but had to apologize when fans interpreted the gesture as directed at them . M.I.A. gave the gesture during the Super Bowl XLVI Halftime Show . The National Football League , NBC , and M.I.A. apologized . The CD itself for Kid Rock 's album Devil Without a Cause is a picture of his raised middle finger . On the cover of Moby Grape 's first album , Moby Grape , band member Don Stevenson was caught flipping the bird at the camera . The finger was airbrushed out of subsequent releases of the album .","sentences":["The NME Awards , an annual music awards show in the UK , uses an extended middle finger design in the trophy handed out to the winners .","Many musical artists , including Madonna , Lady Gaga , Eminem , Ariana Grande , Katy Perry , and Adele have publicly made the gesture .","Britney Spears and Iggy Azalea have given the gesture towards members of the paparazzi , but had to apologize when fans interpreted the gesture as directed at them .","M.I.A. gave the gesture during the Super Bowl XLVI Halftime Show .","The National Football League , NBC , and M.I.A. apologized .","The CD itself for Kid Rock 's album Devil Without a Cause is a picture of his raised middle finger .","On the cover of Moby Grape 's first album , Moby Grape , band member Don Stevenson was caught flipping the bird at the camera .","The finger was airbrushed out of subsequent releases of the album ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1873411263217768508","input":"two sample t-test unequal variance degrees of freedom","passages":[{"title":"Student's t-test","text":"A typical example of the repeated measures t - test would be where subjects are tested prior to a treatment , say for high blood pressure , and the same subjects are tested again after treatment with a blood - pressure lowering medication . By comparing the same patient 's numbers before and after treatment , we are effectively using each patient as their own control . That way the correct rejection of the null hypothesis ( here : of no difference made by the treatment ) can become much more likely , with statistical power increasing simply because the random between - patient variation has now been eliminated . Note however that an increase of statistical power comes at a price : more tests are required , each subject having to be tested twice . Because half of the sample now depends on the other half , the paired version of Student 's t - test has only n \/ 2 \u2212 1 degrees of freedom ( with n being the total number of observations ) . Pairs become individual test units , and the sample has to be doubled to achieve the same number of degrees of freedom . Normally , there are n \u2212 1 degrees of freedom ( with n being the total number of observations ) .","sentences":["A typical example of the repeated measures t - test would be where subjects are tested prior to a treatment , say for high blood pressure , and the same subjects are tested again after treatment with a blood - pressure lowering medication .","By comparing the same patient 's numbers before and after treatment , we are effectively using each patient as their own control .","That way the correct rejection of the null hypothesis ( here : of no difference made by the treatment ) can become much more likely , with statistical power increasing simply because the random between - patient variation has now been eliminated .","Note however that an increase of statistical power comes at a price : more tests are required , each subject having to be tested twice .","Because half of the sample now depends on the other half , the paired version of Student 's t - test has only n \/ 2 \u2212 1 degrees of freedom ( with n being the total number of observations ) .","Pairs become individual test units , and the sample has to be doubled to achieve the same number of degrees of freedom .","Normally , there are n \u2212 1 degrees of freedom ( with n being the total number of observations ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7463091790522661801","input":"what is most likely the most important council for the roman catholic church","passages":[{"title":"Traditionalist Catholicism","text":"The De-Latinisation of the UGCC gained further momentum with the 1964 decree Orientalium Ecclesiarum of the Second Vatican Council ) and several subsequent documents . This resulted in the Latinisations being discarded within the Ukrainian diaspora . The Soviet annexation of Western Ukraine had meanwhile forced Byzantine Catholics into a clandestine existence and the Latinizations continued to be widely used in underground parishes , seminaries , and religious communities . After the prescription against the UGCC was lifted in 1989 , numerous UGCC priests and Hierarchs arrive from the diaspora and attempted to enforce liturgical conformity . This has provoked widespread opposition . SSPX","sentences":["The De-Latinisation of the UGCC gained further momentum with the 1964 decree Orientalium Ecclesiarum of the Second Vatican Council ) and several subsequent documents .","This resulted in the Latinisations being discarded within the Ukrainian diaspora .","The Soviet annexation of Western Ukraine had meanwhile forced Byzantine Catholics into a clandestine existence and the Latinizations continued to be widely used in underground parishes , seminaries , and religious communities .","After the prescription against the UGCC was lifted in 1989 , numerous UGCC priests and Hierarchs arrive from the diaspora and attempted to enforce liturgical conformity .","This has provoked widespread opposition .","SSPX"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5867577657022994996","input":"who sang let's get down to business","passages":[{"title":"I'll Make a Man Out of You","text":"`` I 'll Make a Man Out of You '' has been met with mostly positive reviews from both film and music critics . Irving Tan of Sputnikmusic wrote , `` there has n't been a single chorus in all of post-Mulan pop music that has managed to rival the roaring power in the refrain . '' Scott Chitwood of ComingSoon.net reviewed `` I 'll Make a Man Out of You '' as `` a stirring , testosterone filled piece , '' describing the scene as `` amusing . '' Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly wrote that the song `` has a comparable infectious punch , '' concluding , `` it 's the only song in the movie that escapes Disneyfied blandness . '' Jeff Vice of the Deseret News observed that Wong and Osmond 's `` voices sound eerily similar . '' Tom Henry of The Blade enjoyed Osmond 's delivery , describing the singer 's performance as `` solid . '' Lloyd Paseman of The Register - Guard called `` I 'll Make a Man Out of You '' a favorite of his . While exploring `` The History of Movie Training Montages '' , Chris Giblin of Men 's Fitness opined , `` Mulan served as proof that the fitness montage can work amazingly well in movies for kids . '' Giblin continued , `` it has the best lyrics of any serious fitness \/ sports montage song . Overall , a very strong montage . '' Disney.com itself cites `` I 'll Make a Man Out of You '' as a `` song that was so epic , so legendary , that it requires an out loud sing along anytime we hear it . ''","sentences":["`` I 'll Make a Man Out of You '' has been met with mostly positive reviews from both film and music critics .","Irving Tan of Sputnikmusic wrote , `` there has n't been a single chorus in all of post-Mulan pop music that has managed to rival the roaring power in the refrain . ''","Scott Chitwood of ComingSoon.net reviewed `` I 'll Make a Man Out of You '' as `` a stirring , testosterone filled piece , '' describing the scene as `` amusing . ''","Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly wrote that the song `` has a comparable infectious punch , '' concluding , `` it 's the only song in the movie that escapes Disneyfied blandness . ''","Jeff Vice of the Deseret News observed that Wong and Osmond 's `` voices sound eerily similar . ''","Tom Henry of The Blade enjoyed Osmond 's delivery , describing the singer 's performance as `` solid . ''","Lloyd Paseman of The Register - Guard called `` I 'll Make a Man Out of You '' a favorite of his .","While exploring `` The History of Movie Training Montages '' , Chris Giblin of Men 's Fitness opined , `` Mulan served as proof that the fitness montage can work amazingly well in movies for kids . ''","Giblin continued , `` it has the best lyrics of any serious fitness \/ sports montage song .","Overall , a very strong montage . ''","Disney.com itself cites `` I 'll Make a Man Out of You '' as a `` song that was so epic , so legendary , that it requires an out loud sing along anytime we hear it . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2237459180695752754","input":"the brave season 1 episode 14 release date","passages":[{"title":"The Brave (TV series)","text":"No . Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) `` Pilot '' Brad Anderson Dean Georgaris September 25 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 25 ) 5.96 When Dr. Kimberly Wells , an American ophthalmologist with Doctors Without Borders , is kidnapped by the Al - Nusra Front , a group with terrorist ties in Northern Syria , it is up to DIA Special Ops Capt . Adam Dalton and his team of heroic Special Ops squad of highly trained undercover specialists to stop at nothing and take action to find the terrorists responsible and bring her home safely . Across the world , D.I.A. Deputy Director Patricia Campbell and her team of analysts guide Dalton along the way through as the group learns that Wells ' disappearance might have ties to something that could be catastrophic . `` Moscow Rules '' Yves Simoneau Dean Georgaris October 2 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 02 ) 5.17 The team heads to Russia to uncover to truth behind an ambush when a CIA safe house in Ukraine is attacked by rebels and one of the operatives , C.I.A. Officer Cassie Archer is hurt and on the run . The team must locate her while evading the highly skilled Russian ops team in pursuit of her and without starting an international incident . Patricia and her team work to learn why Archer is so important for the rebels to take out and Noah reveals an unexpected connection to the case . `` The Greater Good '' Jeffrey Nachmanoff Story by : Dean Georgaris & Michael Alaimo Teleplay by : Michael Alaimo October 9 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 09 ) 5.14 After receiving intel that a serious , yet extremely cautious and paranoid player in dealing international arms , Ranier Boothe , will be visiting Caborca , Mexico , Patricia makes a controversial decision that could lead to a big break through . With Dalton 's team on the ground , they must find a weak link in Boothe 's men in order to carry out the mission . The team is tasked with planting a bug on an extremely paranoid arms dealer who supplies weapons to terrorists , aided by an undercover Mexican agent and a mole in the terrorist organization -- the leader 's mistress . Meanwhile , Noah discovers more about Hannah 's complicated past from her work in the field . `` Break Out '' David Straiton Mike Daniels October 16 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 16 ) 4.97 The team , along with Deputy Director Patricia Campbell , enter an Afghani military prison to interrogate an American traitor who joined the Taliban and has intimate knowledge of an imminent attack on U.S. soil . When the only interrogator who can do the job is brought in to stop the attack , the Taliban prisoners stage an unexpected prison break , and Dalton 's team must escape before the heavily armed Taliban reinforcements arrive . 5 `` Enhanced Protection '' John Terlesky Matt Corman & Chris Ord October 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 23 ) 5.19 The DIA intercepts chatter about an impending attack on a peace summit in Nigeria which will be attended by US Ambassador , Charles Webb . Dalton and his team are assigned to the Ambassador 's protection detail . The team head to the region only to find a situation different than they expected . However , the attack ends up being at a mall , and the Ambassador 's wife is taken hostage . The team rushes to the mall to stop the terrorists before they identify the Ambassador 's wife , and before they find out the prisoner they want released is already dead . Meanwhile , Campell receives the letter her son wrote to her in the event of his death , which was just delivered . Jaz makes a connection with a little girl she meets during the mission . 6 `` The Seville Defection '' Tessa Blake Mike Daniels October 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 30 ) 4.55 While the team is in Spain , a Russian spy 's daughter turns to the them looking to help her father defect , the team must simultaneously avoid Venezuelan and Russian operatives while Morgenthau enters the field to try and flush out a Russian mole at the NSA . Meanwhile , Noah and Hannah venture out of the office to get some information of their own . 7 `` It 's All Personal '' Breck Eisner Jamie Pachino November 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 06 ) 5.18 When the team heads to Paris on a mission connected to Amir 's past , Amir goes undercover assuming his identity as an Algerian ISIS operative , in order to infiltrate a cell in Paris that kidnapped a boy to use him as a suicide bomber . His decisions cause tension for the team as they believe that the boy is a willing participant . With stakes as high as ever , the unit learns more about their newest member and what might have brought him to them . 8 `` Stealth '' John Scott Theo Travers November 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 13 ) 5.03 An undocumented Russian stealth drone flies over a nomad camp and crashes into a distant mountain . The team is informed that this drone flew over the United States without being detected by RADAR . Their mission lands them in Mongolia where they tend to wounded nomads before heading across the border into China to retrieve a piece of the drone 's skin for the NSA to study . The group has to go in and out of Mongolia to retrieve information on a drone that crashed . They have to evade Russians and Chinese military using old school tactics . Meanwhile , a stunning realization takes place in the D.I.A. 9 `` Desperate Times '' F\u00e9lix Enr\u00edquez Alcal\u00e1 Denise Harkavy & Dean Georgaris November 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 20 ) 4.66 After embarking on mission after mission to keep the world safe , the team is confronted with a task that hits close to home . The mission takes them to Iran to eliminate an elusive terrorist responsible for the bombing in Turkey . When things go sideways , the only option is to risk one of their own for their final shot to settle the personal score . 10 `` Desperate Measures '' Marisol Adler Matt Corman & Chris Ord January 8 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 08 ) 2.93 Dalton and what remains of his team try to escape with their lives as they process a devastating loss . Meanwhile , in DC , Patricia will stop at nothing to make things right , even if it means putting her career at risk . 11 `` Grounded '' Mikael Salomon Sue Chung January 15 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 15 ) 3.95 With Jaz benched after her time as a POW , the rest of the team travels to Colombia to confront a terrorist with a secret hidden agenda . With Campbell on suspension , Noah is acting Deputy Director . When FARC revolutionaries take control of a flight in Colombia , negotiations mean life or death for the passengers on board and Hannah returns to the field . 12 `` Close to Home : Part 1 '' David Boyd Michael Alaimo January 22 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 22 ) 3.40 When an unlikely suspect is involved in hacking a U.S. submarine , Dalton and his team stumble upon a piece of Patricia 's past . With national security and lives at stake , Patricia heads to Turkey to confront one of her most epic demons . 13 `` Close to Home : Part 2 '' John Terlesky Jamie Pachino & Dean Georgaris January 29 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 29 ) 3.90 With just four short weeks before Dalton and his team finish their deployment , they continue to race the clock on a high - stakes mission . As they learn more about Hoffman , Patricia and the group attempt to use his intel to save innocent lives , but the information comes at a cost .","sentences":["No .","Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) `` Pilot ''","Brad Anderson Dean Georgaris September 25 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 25 ) 5.96","When Dr. Kimberly Wells , an American ophthalmologist with Doctors Without Borders , is kidnapped by the Al - Nusra Front , a group with terrorist ties in Northern Syria , it is up to DIA Special Ops Capt .","Adam Dalton and his team of heroic Special Ops squad of highly trained undercover specialists to stop at nothing and take action to find the terrorists responsible and bring her home safely .","Across the world , D.I.A. Deputy Director Patricia Campbell and her team of analysts guide Dalton along the way through as the group learns that Wells ' disappearance might have ties to something that could be catastrophic .","`` Moscow Rules ''","Yves Simoneau Dean Georgaris October 2 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 02 ) 5.17","The team heads to Russia to uncover to truth behind an ambush when a CIA safe house in Ukraine is attacked by rebels and one of the operatives , C.I.A. Officer Cassie Archer is hurt and on the run .","The team must locate her while evading the highly skilled Russian ops team in pursuit of her and without starting an international incident .","Patricia and her team work to learn why Archer is so important for the rebels to take out and Noah reveals an unexpected connection to the case .","`` The Greater Good '' Jeffrey Nachmanoff Story by : Dean Georgaris & Michael Alaimo Teleplay by : Michael Alaimo October 9 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 09 ) 5.14 After receiving intel that a serious , yet extremely cautious and paranoid player in dealing international arms , Ranier Boothe , will be visiting Caborca , Mexico , Patricia makes a controversial decision that could lead to a big break through .","With Dalton 's team on the ground , they must find a weak link in Boothe 's men in order to carry out the mission .","The team is tasked with planting a bug on an extremely paranoid arms dealer who supplies weapons to terrorists , aided by an undercover Mexican agent and a mole in the terrorist organization -- the leader 's mistress .","Meanwhile , Noah discovers more about Hannah 's complicated past from her work in the field .","`` Break Out '' David Straiton Mike Daniels October 16 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 16 ) 4.97 The team , along with Deputy Director Patricia Campbell , enter an Afghani military prison to interrogate an American traitor who joined the Taliban and has intimate knowledge of an imminent attack on U.S. soil .","When the only interrogator who can do the job is brought in to stop the attack , the Taliban prisoners stage an unexpected prison break , and Dalton 's team must escape before the heavily armed Taliban reinforcements arrive .","5 `` Enhanced Protection '' John Terlesky Matt Corman & Chris Ord October 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 23 ) 5.19","The DIA intercepts chatter about an impending attack on a peace summit in Nigeria which will be attended by US Ambassador , Charles Webb .","Dalton and his team are assigned to the Ambassador 's protection detail .","The team head to the region only to find a situation different than they expected .","However , the attack ends up being at a mall , and the Ambassador 's wife is taken hostage .","The team rushes to the mall to stop the terrorists before they identify the Ambassador 's wife , and before they find out the prisoner they want released is already dead .","Meanwhile , Campell receives the letter her son wrote to her in the event of his death , which was just delivered .","Jaz makes a connection with a little girl she meets during the mission .","6 `` The Seville Defection '' Tessa Blake Mike Daniels October 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 30 ) 4.55","While the team is in Spain , a Russian spy 's daughter turns to the them looking to help her father defect , the team must simultaneously avoid Venezuelan and Russian operatives while Morgenthau enters the field to try and flush out a Russian mole at the NSA .","Meanwhile , Noah and Hannah venture out of the office to get some information of their own .","7 `` It 's All Personal '' Breck Eisner Jamie Pachino November 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 06 ) 5.18","When the team heads to Paris on a mission connected to Amir 's past , Amir goes undercover assuming his identity as an Algerian ISIS operative , in order to infiltrate a cell in Paris that kidnapped a boy to use him as a suicide bomber .","His decisions cause tension for the team as they believe that the boy is a willing participant .","With stakes as high as ever , the unit learns more about their newest member and what might have brought him to them .","8 `` Stealth '' John Scott Theo Travers November 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 13 ) 5.03 An undocumented Russian stealth drone flies over a nomad camp and crashes into a distant mountain .","The team is informed that this drone flew over the United States without being detected by RADAR .","Their mission lands them in Mongolia where they tend to wounded nomads before heading across the border into China to retrieve a piece of the drone 's skin for the NSA to study .","The group has to go in and out of Mongolia to retrieve information on a drone that crashed .","They have to evade Russians and Chinese military using old school tactics .","Meanwhile , a stunning realization takes place in the D.I.A. 9 `` Desperate Times ''","F\u00e9lix Enr\u00edquez Alcal\u00e1 Denise Harkavy & Dean Georgaris November 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 20 ) 4.66","After embarking on mission after mission to keep the world safe , the team is confronted with a task that hits close to home .","The mission takes them to Iran to eliminate an elusive terrorist responsible for the bombing in Turkey .","When things go sideways , the only option is to risk one of their own for their final shot to settle the personal score .","10 `` Desperate Measures '' Marisol Adler Matt Corman & Chris Ord January 8 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 08 ) 2.93 Dalton and what remains of his team try to escape with their lives as they process a devastating loss .","Meanwhile , in DC , Patricia will stop at nothing to make things right , even if it means putting her career at risk .","11 `` Grounded '' Mikael Salomon Sue Chung January 15 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 15 ) 3.95 With Jaz benched after her time as a POW , the rest of the team travels to Colombia to confront a terrorist with a secret hidden agenda .","With Campbell on suspension , Noah is acting Deputy Director .","When FARC revolutionaries take control of a flight in Colombia , negotiations mean life or death for the passengers on board and Hannah returns to the field .","12 `` Close to Home : Part 1 '' David Boyd Michael Alaimo January 22 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 22 ) 3.40 When an unlikely suspect is involved in hacking a U.S. submarine , Dalton and his team stumble upon a piece of Patricia 's past .","With national security and lives at stake , Patricia heads to Turkey to confront one of her most epic demons .","13 `` Close to Home : Part 2 '' John Terlesky Jamie Pachino & Dean Georgaris January 29 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 29 ) 3.90 With just four short weeks before Dalton and his team finish their deployment , they continue to race the clock on a high - stakes mission .","As they learn more about Hoffman , Patricia and the group attempt to use his intel to save innocent lives , but the information comes at a cost ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8135436417356507322","input":"what was the order of horses in the kentucky derby","passages":[{"title":"Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States)","text":"James E. `` Sunny Jim '' Fitzsimmons was the first trainer to win the Triple Crown more than once ; he trained both Gallant Fox and his son Omaha for the Belair Stud breeding farm . Gallant Fox and Omaha are the only father - son duo to win the Triple Crown . Bob Baffert became the second trainer to win the Triple Crown twice , training American Pharoah and Justify . Belair Stud and Calumet Farm are tied as the owners with the most Triple Crown victories with two apiece . Calumet Farms won with Whirlaway and Citation . Eddie Arcaro rode both of Calumet Farms ' Triple Crown champions and is the only jockey to win more than one Triple Crown .","sentences":["James E. `` Sunny Jim '' Fitzsimmons was the first trainer to win the Triple Crown more than once ; he trained both Gallant Fox and his son Omaha for the Belair Stud breeding farm .","Gallant Fox and Omaha are the only father - son duo to win the Triple Crown .","Bob Baffert became the second trainer to win the Triple Crown twice , training American Pharoah and Justify .","Belair Stud and Calumet Farm are tied as the owners with the most Triple Crown victories with two apiece .","Calumet Farms won with Whirlaway and Citation .","Eddie Arcaro rode both of Calumet Farms ' Triple Crown champions and is the only jockey to win more than one Triple Crown ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7785623313892385801","input":"what are royal stewart black watch and clan munro","passages":[{"title":"Clan Munro","text":"The succession of a Highland Chief has traditionally followed the principle of agnatic primogeniture or patrilineal seniority , whereby succession passes to the former Chief 's closest male relative . Sir Hugh Munro , 8th Baronet of Foulis - Obsdale died in 1848 , followed 8 months later by the death of his daughter Mary Seymour Munro and although he had a natural son named George , he was succeeded in the Foulis estates and also the Baronetcy of Foulis - Obsdale by the male representative of the Munro of Culrain cadet branch , Sir Charles Munro , 9th Baronet . The 11th Baronet Foulis - Obsdale was succeeded by his eldest daughter Eva Marion Munro as chief of the clan , two sons having predeceased him . Eva Marion Munro married Col C.H. Gascoigne , their son Patrick took the surname ' Munro ' of his maternal grandfather to become clan chief . However , the Nova Scotian Baronetcy of Foulis - Obsdale ( 1634 ) could only pass to a direct male descendant of the Baronets and was succeeded to by a cousin of the 11th Bart . Sir George Hamilton Munro , 12th Baronet ( 1864 -- 1945 ) . The current Baronet Munro of Foulis is listed as Dormant : Exant under research by the Standing Council of Baronets at www.barotonage.org . See Main Article : Munro Baronets .","sentences":["The succession of a Highland Chief has traditionally followed the principle of agnatic primogeniture or patrilineal seniority , whereby succession passes to the former Chief 's closest male relative .","Sir Hugh Munro , 8th Baronet of Foulis - Obsdale died in 1848 , followed 8 months later by the death of his daughter Mary Seymour Munro and although he had a natural son named George , he was succeeded in the Foulis estates and also the Baronetcy of Foulis - Obsdale by the male representative of the Munro of Culrain cadet branch , Sir Charles Munro , 9th Baronet .","The 11th Baronet Foulis - Obsdale was succeeded by his eldest daughter Eva Marion Munro as chief of the clan , two sons having predeceased him .","Eva Marion Munro married Col C.H. Gascoigne , their son Patrick took the surname ' Munro ' of his maternal grandfather to become clan chief .","However , the Nova Scotian Baronetcy of Foulis - Obsdale ( 1634 ) could only pass to a direct male descendant of the Baronets and was succeeded to by a cousin of the 11th Bart .","Sir George Hamilton Munro , 12th Baronet ( 1864 -- 1945 ) .","The current Baronet Munro of Foulis is listed as Dormant : Exant under research by the Standing Council of Baronets at www.barotonage.org .","See Main Article : Munro Baronets ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4754057600427934402","input":"where does highway 1 start and end canada","passages":[{"title":"Trans-Canada Highway","text":"From Banff , the highway continues 101 km ( 63 mi ) east as Alberta Highway 1 to Calgary where it becomes known as 16 Avenue N , initially an expressway and later a busy street with many signalized intersections . The northwest and northeast segments of Stoney Trail ( Highway 201 ) were completed in 2009 , serving as an east - west freeway that bypasses the Calgary segment of highway 1 . For the next 293 km ( 182 mi ) , the Trans - Canada continues as a divided highway with no mandatory stops to an interchange exit serving Medicine Hat , then crosses into Saskatchewan on the way to Moose Jaw . It continues 79 km ( 49 mi ) east to the city of Regina that is bypassed by a short freeway segment . Beyond Regina it continues east into Manitoba to the cities of Brandon and Portage la Prairie , and finally 84 km ( 52 mi ) east to Winnipeg . The southern portion of Winnipeg 's Perimeter Highway ( Highway 100 ) is part of the Trans - Canada system and bypasses the city with a mix of traffic lights and interchanges , while Highway 1 continues through central Winnipeg .","sentences":["From Banff , the highway continues 101 km ( 63 mi ) east as Alberta Highway 1 to Calgary where it becomes known as 16 Avenue N , initially an expressway and later a busy street with many signalized intersections .","The northwest and northeast segments of Stoney Trail ( Highway 201 ) were completed in 2009 , serving as an east - west freeway that bypasses the Calgary segment of highway 1 .","For the next 293 km ( 182 mi ) , the Trans - Canada continues as a divided highway with no mandatory stops to an interchange exit serving Medicine Hat , then crosses into Saskatchewan on the way to Moose Jaw .","It continues 79 km ( 49 mi ) east to the city of Regina that is bypassed by a short freeway segment .","Beyond Regina it continues east into Manitoba to the cities of Brandon and Portage la Prairie , and finally 84 km ( 52 mi ) east to Winnipeg .","The southern portion of Winnipeg 's Perimeter Highway ( Highway 100 ) is part of the Trans - Canada system and bypasses the city with a mix of traffic lights and interchanges , while Highway 1 continues through central Winnipeg ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4841308204360119472","input":"what was the primary technique of archaic vase painting","passages":[{"title":"Pottery of ancient Greece","text":"Finally one can identify the last major style of the period , that of Wild Goat Style , allotted traditionally to Rhodes because of an important discovery within the necropolis of Kameiros . In fact , it is widespread over all of Asia Minor , with centers of production at Miletos and Chios . Two forms prevail oenochoes , which copied bronze models , and dishes , with or without feet . The decoration is organized in superimposed registers in which stylized animals , in particular of feral goats ( from whence the name ) pursue each other in friezes . Many decorative motifs ( floral triangles , swastikas , etc . ) fill the empty spaces . Attic","sentences":["Finally one can identify the last major style of the period , that of Wild Goat Style , allotted traditionally to Rhodes because of an important discovery within the necropolis of Kameiros .","In fact , it is widespread over all of Asia Minor , with centers of production at Miletos and Chios .","Two forms prevail oenochoes , which copied bronze models , and dishes , with or without feet .","The decoration is organized in superimposed registers in which stylized animals , in particular of feral goats ( from whence the name ) pursue each other in friezes .","Many decorative motifs ( floral triangles , swastikas , etc . ) fill the empty spaces .","Attic"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1629871092534548035","input":"culture of the story the hunchback of notre dame","passages":[{"title":"The Hunchback of Notre-Dame","text":"Esmeralda , a 1905 French short silent film . In 1911 , a silent film . The Darling of Paris , a 1917 silent film . Esmeralda , a 1922 British silent film . In 1923 , a silent film starring Lon Chaney as Quasimodo . Directed by Wallace Worsley , and produced by Carl Laemmle and Irving Thalberg . In 1939 , a sound film starring Charles Laughton as Quasimodo and Maureen O'Hara as Esmeralda . Directed by William Dieterle and produced by Pandro S. Berman . In 1956 , a French film starring Anthony Quinn as Quasimodo and Gina Lollobrigida as Esmeralda . Directed by Jean Delannoy and produced by Raymond Hakim and Robert Hakim . In 1986 , an Australian - American fantasy animated film . In 1996 , an animated film by Walt Disney Pictures . Directed by Kirk Wise and Gary Trousdale and produced by Don Hahn . The Secret of the Hunchback , an animated film . A Golden Films animated film . A Jetlag Productions animated film . Quasimodo d'El Paris , a 1999 parody film .","sentences":["Esmeralda , a 1905 French short silent film .","In 1911 , a silent film .","The Darling of Paris , a 1917 silent film .","Esmeralda , a 1922 British silent film .","In 1923 , a silent film starring Lon Chaney as Quasimodo .","Directed by Wallace Worsley , and produced by Carl Laemmle and Irving Thalberg .","In 1939 , a sound film starring Charles Laughton as Quasimodo and Maureen O'Hara as Esmeralda .","Directed by William Dieterle and produced by Pandro S. Berman .","In 1956 , a French film starring Anthony Quinn as Quasimodo and Gina Lollobrigida as Esmeralda .","Directed by Jean Delannoy and produced by Raymond Hakim and Robert Hakim .","In 1986 , an Australian - American fantasy animated film .","In 1996 , an animated film by Walt Disney Pictures .","Directed by Kirk Wise and Gary Trousdale and produced by Don Hahn .","The Secret of the Hunchback , an animated film .","A Golden Films animated film .","A Jetlag Productions animated film .","Quasimodo d'El Paris , a 1999 parody film ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4362426466607277039","input":"in ramcharitramanas who said to whom mangal bhavan amangal hari","passages":[{"title":"Ramcharitmanas","text":"The Lord announces that it shall be , however , where would he find a son like Himself ? The Lord tells Manu that He Himself would be a son to him . The Lord then asks Satarupa of her wish . She says that she greatly likes the boon received by her husband and wants the same . Bowing at the Lord 's feet , Manu then asks one more favour . He asks that he be dependent on which is granted . The Lord then commands the couple to dwell in Indra 's capital in heaven .","sentences":["The Lord announces that it shall be , however , where would he find a son like Himself ?","The Lord tells Manu that He Himself would be a son to him .","The Lord then asks Satarupa of her wish .","She says that she greatly likes the boon received by her husband and wants the same .","Bowing at the Lord 's feet , Manu then asks one more favour .","He asks that he be dependent on which is granted .","The Lord then commands the couple to dwell in Indra 's capital in heaven ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-552595909137851791","input":"who was involved in the great railroad strike of 1877","passages":[{"title":"Great Railroad Strike of 1877","text":"The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 , sometimes referred to as the Great Upheaval , began on July 14 in Martinsburg , West Virginia , United States after the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad ( B&O ) cut wages for the third time in a year . This strike finally ended some 45 days later , after it was put down by local and state militias , and federal troops . Because of economic problems and pressure on wages by the railroads , workers in numerous other cities , in New York , Pennsylvania and Maryland , into Illinois and Missouri , also went out on strike . An estimated 100 people were killed in the unrest across the country . In Martinsburg , Pittsburgh , Philadelphia and other cities , workers burned down and destroyed both physical facilities and the rolling stock of the railroads -- engines and railroad cars . Local populations feared that workers were rising in revolution such as the Paris Commune of 1871 .","sentences":["The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 , sometimes referred to as the Great Upheaval , began on July 14 in Martinsburg , West Virginia , United States after the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad ( B&O ) cut wages for the third time in a year .","This strike finally ended some 45 days later , after it was put down by local and state militias , and federal troops .","Because of economic problems and pressure on wages by the railroads , workers in numerous other cities , in New York , Pennsylvania and Maryland , into Illinois and Missouri , also went out on strike .","An estimated 100 people were killed in the unrest across the country .","In Martinsburg , Pittsburgh , Philadelphia and other cities , workers burned down and destroyed both physical facilities and the rolling stock of the railroads -- engines and railroad cars .","Local populations feared that workers were rising in revolution such as the Paris Commune of 1871 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-742868917902476879","input":"what happened to justin in parks and rec","passages":[{"title":"Galentine's Day","text":"`` Galentine 's Day '' was written by series co-creator Michael Schur and directed by Ken Kwapis . The episode featured a guest appearance by John Larroquette as Frank Beckerson , the long - lost love of Leslie 's mother , Marlene Knope . When Parks and Recreation co-creator Greg Daniels announced the casting in January 2010 , he described Larroquette 's character as `` He 's the one who got away . '' `` Galentine 's Day '' also included an appearance by Pamela Reed , who has played Marlene Knope in several episodes , and the last of a string of slated guest appearances by Justin Theroux as Justin Anderson , a love interest for Leslie . The episode marked the return of Andy 's band , `` Mouse Rat '' , which was previously featured in the first season finale `` Rock Show '' . His bandmates are played by Mark Rivers ( drums ) , Andrew Burlinson ( guitar ) and Alan Yang ( bass ) , the latter of whom serves as a screenwriter for Parks and Recreation .","sentences":["`` Galentine 's Day '' was written by series co-creator Michael Schur and directed by Ken Kwapis .","The episode featured a guest appearance by John Larroquette as Frank Beckerson , the long - lost love of Leslie 's mother , Marlene Knope .","When Parks and Recreation co-creator Greg Daniels announced the casting in January 2010 , he described Larroquette 's character as `` He 's the one who got away . ''","`` Galentine 's Day '' also included an appearance by Pamela Reed , who has played Marlene Knope in several episodes , and the last of a string of slated guest appearances by Justin Theroux as Justin Anderson , a love interest for Leslie .","The episode marked the return of Andy 's band , `` Mouse Rat '' , which was previously featured in the first season finale `` Rock Show '' .","His bandmates are played by Mark Rivers ( drums ) , Andrew Burlinson ( guitar ) and Alan Yang ( bass ) , the latter of whom serves as a screenwriter for Parks and Recreation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2596990829053732651","input":"what is the intersection of the assessed probab","passages":[{"title":"Probability","text":"where h ( \\ displaystyle h ) is a constant depending on precision of observation , and c ( \\ displaystyle c ) is a scale factor ensuring that the area under the curve equals 1 . He gave two proofs , the second being essentially the same as John Herschel 's ( 1850 ) . Gauss gave the first proof that seems to have been known in Europe ( the third after Adrain 's ) in 1809 . Further proofs were given by Laplace ( 1810 , 1812 ) , Gauss ( 1823 ) , James Ivory ( 1825 , 1826 ) , Hagen ( 1837 ) , Friedrich Bessel ( 1838 ) , W.F. Donkin ( 1844 , 1856 ) , and Morgan Crofton ( 1870 ) . Other contributors were Ellis ( 1844 ) , De Morgan ( 1864 ) , Glaisher ( 1872 ) , and Giovanni Schiaparelli ( 1875 ) . Peters 's ( 1856 ) formula for r , the probable error of a single observation , is well known .","sentences":["where h ( \\ displaystyle h ) is a constant depending on precision of observation , and c ( \\ displaystyle c ) is a scale factor ensuring that the area under the curve equals 1 .","He gave two proofs , the second being essentially the same as John Herschel 's ( 1850 ) .","Gauss gave the first proof that seems to have been known in Europe ( the third after Adrain 's ) in 1809 .","Further proofs were given by Laplace ( 1810 , 1812 ) , Gauss ( 1823 ) , James Ivory ( 1825 , 1826 ) ,","Hagen ( 1837 ) , Friedrich Bessel ( 1838 ) , W.F. Donkin ( 1844 , 1856 ) , and Morgan Crofton ( 1870 ) .","Other contributors were Ellis ( 1844 ) , De Morgan ( 1864 ) , Glaisher ( 1872 ) , and Giovanni Schiaparelli ( 1875 ) .","Peters 's ( 1856 ) formula for r , the probable error of a single observation , is well known ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2313153011254796690","input":"when did the tonight show go from 90 minutes to 60 minutes","passages":[{"title":"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson","text":"Jack Paar 's last appearance was on March 29 , 1962 , and due to Carson 's previous contracts , Carson did not take over until October 1 . His first guests were Rudy Vall\u00e9e , Tony Bennett , Mel Brooks , and Joan Crawford . Carson inherited from Paar a show that was 1 3 \/ 4 hours ( 105 minutes ) long . The show broadcast two openings , one starting at 11 : 15 p.m. and including the monologue , the other that listed the guests and re-announced the host , starting at 11 : 30 . The two openings gave affiliates the option of screening either a fifteen - minute or thirty - minute local newscast preceding Carson . Since 1959 , the show had been videotaped earlier the same broadcast day .","sentences":["Jack Paar 's last appearance was on March 29 , 1962 , and due to Carson 's previous contracts , Carson did not take over until October 1 .","His first guests were Rudy Vall\u00e9e , Tony Bennett , Mel Brooks , and Joan Crawford .","Carson inherited from Paar a show that was 1 3 \/ 4 hours ( 105 minutes ) long .","The show broadcast two openings , one starting at 11 : 15 p.m. and including the monologue , the other that listed the guests and re-announced the host , starting at 11 : 30 .","The two openings gave affiliates the option of screening either a fifteen - minute or thirty - minute local newscast preceding Carson .","Since 1959 , the show had been videotaped earlier the same broadcast day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"786968308136151281","input":"meaning of the poem ring out wild bells","passages":[{"title":"Ring Out, Wild Bells","text":"A translation to Swedish by Edvard Fredin called ' Ny\u00e5rsklockan ' - ' the new year 's bell ' - is recited just before the stroke of midnight at the annual New Year 's Eve festivities at Skansen in Stockholm , capital of Sweden . This tradition began in 1897 when the young Swedish actor Anders de Wahl was asked to recite the poem . de Wahl then performed the poem annually until his death in 1956 . Since 1977 the Swedish national public TV broadcaster , SVT , airs the event live , and the first to read the poem on television was the actor Georg Rydeberg . The show turned out to be a major success , and watching it on New Year 's Eve quickly became a nationwide tradition . Rydeberg recited the poem until his death in 1983 . After that many famous Swedish actors and \/ or singers have recited the poem , for example Jarl Kulle , Jan Malmsj\u00f6 and Margaretha Krook . It should be noted that the Swedish translation differs significantly from the English original . Inspired by the Swedish tradition , auto manufacturer Volvo used the poem in a 2016 New Year 's Eve advertisement .","sentences":["A translation to Swedish by Edvard Fredin called ' Ny\u00e5rsklockan ' - ' the new year 's bell ' - is recited just before the stroke of midnight at the annual New Year 's Eve festivities at Skansen in Stockholm , capital of Sweden .","This tradition began in 1897 when the young Swedish actor Anders de Wahl was asked to recite the poem .","de Wahl then performed the poem annually until his death in 1956 .","Since 1977 the Swedish national public TV broadcaster , SVT , airs the event live , and the first to read the poem on television was the actor Georg Rydeberg .","The show turned out to be a major success , and watching it on New Year 's Eve quickly became a nationwide tradition .","Rydeberg recited the poem until his death in 1983 .","After that many famous Swedish actors and \/ or singers have recited the poem , for example Jarl Kulle , Jan Malmsj\u00f6 and Margaretha Krook .","It should be noted that the Swedish translation differs significantly from the English original .","Inspired by the Swedish tradition , auto manufacturer Volvo used the poem in a 2016 New Year 's Eve advertisement ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5773265839345425886","input":"what is an appeal in south african law","passages":[{"title":"Appeal in South African law","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia . Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text . ( October 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article is an orphan , as no other articles link to it . Please introduce links to this page from related articles ; try the Find link tool for suggestions . ( October 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs more links to other articles to help integrate it into the encyclopedia .","Please help improve this article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text .","( October 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article is an orphan , as no other articles link to it .","Please introduce links to this page from related articles ; try the Find link tool for suggestions .","( October 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"441296213865660806","input":"who did the voice of johnny in sing","passages":[{"title":"Sing (2016 American film)","text":"The day of the screening , the bears interrupt the show , demanding the money from Mike , who in turn , points to Buster . The bears open the chest containing the prize money , but it is nowhere near $100,000 . The glass tank full of luminescent squids that Buster got to light up the theater breaks under all their weight , flooding the theater , which then comes crashing down . With the lot repossessed by Judith , Buster , who had been living in his theater 's office desk , takes up residence at Eddie 's place ( his parents ' pool house ) . Although the contestants ( besides Mike , who saw Buster as a fraud ) visit him and try to cheer him up , Buster is too despondent to listen to them . He tries to start over by opening a car wash , using the same bucket that his father had used to earn money for Buster 's theater .","sentences":["The day of the screening , the bears interrupt the show , demanding the money from Mike , who in turn , points to Buster .","The bears open the chest containing the prize money , but it is nowhere near $100,000 .","The glass tank full of luminescent squids that Buster got to light up the theater breaks under all their weight , flooding the theater , which then comes crashing down .","With the lot repossessed by Judith , Buster , who had been living in his theater 's office desk , takes up residence at Eddie 's place ( his parents ' pool house ) .","Although the contestants ( besides Mike , who saw Buster as a fraud ) visit him and try to cheer him up , Buster is too despondent to listen to them .","He tries to start over by opening a car wash , using the same bucket that his father had used to earn money for Buster 's theater ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3341483331637518926","input":"where did we get the star spangled banner","passages":[{"title":"The Star-Spangled Banner","text":"The Star - Spangled Banner ( 1915 ) A 1915 recording of the Star - Spangled Banner as sung by Margaret Woodrow Wilson , daughter of Woodrow Wilson The Star - Spangled Banner ( 1942 ) Fred Waring and His Pennsylvanians sing The Star - Spangled Banner in 1942 The Star - Spangled Banner ( 1953 ) A 1953 instrumental recording by the United States Marine Corps band The Star Spangled Banner ( circa 2000 ) An instrumental recording by the United States Navy Band . Problems playing these files ? See media help .","sentences":["The Star - Spangled Banner ( 1915 )","A 1915 recording of the Star - Spangled Banner as sung by Margaret Woodrow Wilson , daughter of Woodrow Wilson The Star - Spangled Banner ( 1942 ) Fred Waring and His Pennsylvanians sing The Star - Spangled Banner in 1942 The Star - Spangled Banner ( 1953 )","A 1953 instrumental recording by the United States Marine Corps band The Star Spangled Banner ( circa 2000 )","An instrumental recording by the United States Navy Band .","Problems playing these files ?","See media help ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6213668750078097276","input":"who is the special judge on america's got talent","passages":[{"title":"America's Got Talent (season 12)","text":"Demian Aditya appeared as a guest performer on Indonesia 's Got Talent . German Cornejo & Gisela Galeassi ( `` German Cornejo Dance Company '' ) appeared on and were the tango dancer winners of \u00a1 Q'Viva ! The Chosen in 2012 , performing after the show in Las Vegas with \u00a1 Q'Viva ! The Chosen Live . They also were guest artists in Buenos Aires at the Dance Again World Tour by Jennifer Lopez . Ezequiel Lopez ( `` German Cornejo Dance Company '' ) appeared on and was one of the malambo dancer winners of \u00a1 Q'Viva ! The Chosen in 2012 . Canion Shijirbat appeared on and was the runner - up of Mongolia 's Got Talent ( season 2 ) in 2016 . Nick Uhas was a houseguest on Big Brother 15 and was the second houseguest evicted from the house . Merrick Hanna auditioned for So You Think You Can Dance : The Next Generation . He made it into the top 40 at Dance Academy , but was eliminated before reaching the top 30 . He has also appeared as a lip sync battler on Nickelodeon 's Lip Sync Battle Shorties and on The Ellen DeGeneres Show . Artyon , half of the dancing duo Artyon and Paige , appeared as a lip sync battler on Nickelodeon 's Lip Sync Battle Shorties . Darci Lynne Farmer appeared on Little Big Shots in 2016 and on Little Big Shots ( UK TV series ) in 2017 . Billy and Emily England appeared on Britain 's Got Talent ( series 9 ) and reached the Semifinals . In 2008 , Emily was the runner - up on Big Brother UK : Celebrity Hijack , competing under the name of `` Emilia . '' Tony and Jordan ( `` The French Twins '' ) appeared on series 11 of La France a un incroyable talent ( the French version of Got Talent ) in 2016 . Chase Goehring appeared on The X Factor ( U.S. season 3 ) . Light Balance appeared on Britain 's Got Talent ( series 8 ) and reached the Semifinals . Junior and Emily appeared on Season 3 of America 's Got Talent , but were eliminated before the live shows . Shemika Charles appeared on Season 6 of America 's Got Talent , but was eliminated during Vegas week . Celine Tam appeared on Little Big Shots in 2016 and Britain 's Got Talent ( series 10 ) but had to drop out due to a visa issue . Vinny Grosso ( `` The Naked Magician '' ) previously appeared on `` Penn and Teller : Fool Us '' , performing the same routine as his AGT Audition , and successfully fooling the magic duo . The Quiddlers participated in the third season and appeared on I Can Do That , performing with Ciara and Nicole Scherzinger during their time on the show . Eric Jones previously appeared on `` Penn and Teller : Fool us , and he was successful in fooling them . Kyle Eschen & Xavier Mortimer also appeared on Fool Us ( Mortimer twice ) , but were unsuccessful in fooling Penn & Teller . Xavier Mortimer auditioned in Season 10 , but was eliminated at the judge cuts after receiving four buzzers . Pelican 212 appeared on Little Big Shots in 2016 . Kyle Eschen appeared on Season 3 , episode 2 of Penn & Teller : Fool Us , Masters of Illusion , and The World Magic Awards . Colin Cloud appeared on Britain 's Got Talent in 2012 however did not make it through to the live semifinals . Cloud also appeared on Season 1 of Penn and Teller Fool Us . His trick did n't however fool Penn and Teller . At both BGT and Penn and Teller Fool Us he went under his real name Colin McLeod .","sentences":["Demian Aditya appeared as a guest performer on Indonesia 's Got Talent .","German Cornejo & Gisela Galeassi ( `` German Cornejo Dance Company '' ) appeared on and were the tango dancer winners of \u00a1 Q'Viva !","The Chosen in 2012 , performing after the show in Las Vegas with \u00a1 Q'Viva !","The Chosen Live .","They also were guest artists in Buenos Aires at the Dance Again World Tour by Jennifer Lopez .","Ezequiel Lopez ( `` German Cornejo Dance Company '' ) appeared on and was one of the malambo dancer winners of \u00a1 Q'Viva !","The Chosen in 2012 .","Canion Shijirbat appeared on and was the runner - up of Mongolia 's Got Talent ( season 2 ) in 2016 .","Nick Uhas was a houseguest on Big Brother 15 and was the second houseguest evicted from the house .","Merrick Hanna auditioned for So You Think You Can Dance : The Next Generation .","He made it into the top 40 at Dance Academy , but was eliminated before reaching the top 30 .","He has also appeared as a lip sync battler on Nickelodeon 's Lip Sync Battle Shorties and on The Ellen DeGeneres Show .","Artyon , half of the dancing duo Artyon and Paige , appeared as a lip sync battler on Nickelodeon 's Lip Sync Battle Shorties .","Darci Lynne Farmer appeared on Little Big Shots in 2016 and on Little Big Shots ( UK TV series ) in 2017 .","Billy and Emily England appeared on Britain 's Got Talent ( series 9 ) and reached the Semifinals .","In 2008 , Emily was the runner - up on Big Brother UK : Celebrity Hijack , competing under the name of `` Emilia . ''","Tony and Jordan ( `` The French Twins '' ) appeared on series 11 of La France a un incroyable talent ( the French version of Got Talent ) in 2016 .","Chase Goehring appeared on The X Factor ( U.S. season 3 ) .","Light Balance appeared on Britain 's Got Talent ( series 8 ) and reached the Semifinals .","Junior and Emily appeared on Season 3 of America 's Got Talent , but were eliminated before the live shows .","Shemika Charles appeared on Season 6 of America 's Got Talent , but was eliminated during Vegas week .","Celine Tam appeared on Little Big Shots in 2016 and Britain 's Got Talent ( series 10 ) but had to drop out due to a visa issue .","Vinny Grosso ( `` The Naked Magician '' ) previously appeared on `` Penn and Teller :","Fool Us '' , performing the same routine as his AGT Audition , and successfully fooling the magic duo .","The Quiddlers participated in the third season and appeared on I Can Do That , performing with Ciara and Nicole Scherzinger during their time on the show .","Eric Jones previously appeared on `` Penn and Teller :","Fool us , and he was successful in fooling them .","Kyle Eschen & Xavier Mortimer also appeared on Fool Us ( Mortimer twice ) , but were unsuccessful in fooling Penn & Teller .","Xavier Mortimer auditioned in Season 10 , but was eliminated at the judge cuts after receiving four buzzers .","Pelican 212 appeared on Little Big Shots in 2016 .","Kyle Eschen appeared on Season 3 , episode 2 of Penn & Teller :","Fool Us , Masters of Illusion , and The World Magic Awards .","Colin Cloud appeared on Britain 's Got Talent in 2012 however did not make it through to the live semifinals .","Cloud also appeared on Season 1 of Penn and Teller Fool Us .","His trick did n't however fool Penn and Teller .","At both BGT and Penn and Teller Fool Us he went under his real name Colin McLeod ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"622563993466800318","input":"where do they film game of thrones season 7","passages":[{"title":"Game of Thrones (season 7)","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 61 `` Dragonstone '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 16 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 16 ) 10.11 At the Twins , Arya fatally poisons the remaining lords of House Frey . The White Walkers march toward the Wall , where Tollett allows Bran and Meera inside . At Winterfell , despite Sansa 's disapproval , Jon secures the loyalties of Houses Umber and Karstark , who fought alongside Ramsay in the Battle of the Bastards . At the Citadel , Samwell steals books that reveal a large reservoir of dragonglass in Dragonstone , and sends word to Jon . He later finds Jorah in a cell . In the Riverlands , Arya meets a group of friendly Lannister soldiers , who take her intention to kill Cersei as a joke . Thoros shows Sandor a vision in the fire . The revelation leads him to believe in the Lord of Light . In King 's Landing , Jaime tells Cersei of the crucial need for allies . She welcomes Euron , who proposes marriage to her in exchange for his Iron Fleet and a chance to kill Theon and Yara . Cersei declines citing trust as a concern , so Euron promises to return with a `` gift '' to prove his loyalty . Daenerys arrives at Dragonstone , the home of House Targaryen once occupied by Stannis , with her army and dragons . 62 `` Stormborn '' Mark Mylod Bryan Cogman July 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 23 ) 9.27 Daenerys sends the Dornishmen with Yara 's fleet to Sunspear and the Unsullied to Casterly Rock , deciding to place King 's Landing under siege . She questions Varys ' loyalty and threatens to burn him alive if he ever betrays her . Melisandre arrives and encourages her to invite Jon Snow to Dragonstone . Grey Worm and Missandei consummate their relationship . Cersei gathers several lords , asking for their fealties and elevating Randyll Tarly as Warden of the South . Qyburn shows Cersei a prototype ballista capable of harming dragons . Arya meets with Hot Pie and learns of Jon 's ascension to King in the North , halting plans to travel to King 's Landing and instead setting course for Winterfell . After receiving Samwell 's letter , Jon leaves for Dragonstone in hopes of convincing Daenerys to support the fight against the White Walkers . He leaves Sansa in charge and aggressively warns Littlefinger to keep his distance . Samwell applies a forbidden treatment on Jorah 's greyscale infection . Euron 's fleet attacks Yara 's . Obara and Nymeria are killed , while Ellaria , Tyene , and Yara are captured . Theon shows flashes of his time as Reek , hesitating to challenge Euron before fleeing the carnage by jumping into the sea . 63 `` The Queen 's Justice '' Mark Mylod David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 30 ) 9.25 Jon arrives at Dragonstone . Daenerys demands his fealty . He refuses and focuses instead on convincing her to fight the Army of the Dead . Following Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys grants Jon access to the island 's dragonglass . Melisandre hides her presence from Jon and leaves for Volantis . Bran arrives at Winterfell and reveals his newfound role as the Three - Eyed Raven to Sansa . In King 's Landing , Euron returns with Ellaria and Tyene as a gift for Cersei , who promises to marry him after the war is won . She also awards him co-control of her military alongside Jaime . Cersei administers to Tyene the same poison used to kill Myrcella , forcing Ellaria to watch her daughter 's impending death . In Oldtown , a healed Jorah leaves to find Daenerys . Ebrose forgives Samwell . Grey Worm and the Unsullied attack Casterly Rock , only to find it mostly abandoned . Jaime led most of the Lannister forces in an attack on Highgarden , while Euron 's fleet ambushes and destroys the Unsullied 's ships . The Lannister forces overwhelm Olenna 's army . Jaime induces Olenna to drink poison , offering her a quick and painless death . After drinking it , she confesses to poisoning Joffrey . 64 `` The Spoils of War '' Matt Shakman David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 06 ) 10.17 Arya returns to Winterfell , where she reunites with Sansa and spars with Brienne , both of whom are unnerved by her exceptional fighting skills . Bran unemotionally bids farewell to Meera , divulging that he is no longer the boy she accompanied through the North . Littlefinger presents Bran with the dagger that was previously used in his attempted assassination . Cersei assures the Iron Bank a full return on their investment , as a train carrying gold from Highgarden is on its way to King 's Landing . In a cave filled with dragonglass , Jon reveals ancient paintings to Daenerys depicting the First Men and the Children of the Forest joining forces against the undead . Later , Daenerys learns of the sacking of Highgarden by Lannister forces and realizes her attack on Casterly Rock was a distraction . Despite Tyrion 's protests , she decides to take action . Led by Daenerys riding Drogon , the Dothraki cavalry catches the Lannister army by surprise and decimate or capture its remaining forces . Drogon is wounded during the fight by a spear fired from the scorpion ballista being manned by Bronn . Jaime mounts a desperate charge on horseback at a vulnerable Daenerys , but Drogon spews fire in time to thwart the attack . Bronn tackles Jaime into the river in time to save him . 65 5 `` Eastwatch '' Matt Shakman Dave Hill August 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 13 ) 10.72 Jaime and Bronn return to King 's Landing . Against Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys has Drogon burn Randyll and Dickon Tarly alive for remaining allegiant to Cersei , forcing the other captives to pledge fealty to the former . Jorah arrives at Dragonstone and reunites with Daenerys . Maester Wolkan alerts Jon and the Citadel about the approaching wights to the Eastwatch by the Sea . Jon decides to travel beyond the Wall and capture a wight in order to convince Cersei for a temporary alliance . Davos smuggles Tyrion inside King 's Landing , where he secretly meets with Jaime and offers an armistice , which Cersei accepts , informing Jaime that she is pregnant . Davos rendezvouses with Gendry and returns him to Dragonstone . With the Citadel ignoring Wolkan 's letter , Samwell steals several books and leaves with Gilly and Little Sam . At Winterfell , Littlefinger notices Arya spying on him and leads her to take a letter written by Sansa from his room . Jon , Jorah , and Gendry , joined by the Hound , the Brotherhood , and a group of the Free Folk led by Tormund , leave Eastwatch and pass the Wall , intending to capture a wight as evidence for Cersei that the Army of the Dead is real . 66 6 `` Beyond the Wall '' Alan Taylor David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 20 ) 10.24 At Winterfell , Littlefinger plots to isolate Sansa . Tensions between Arya and Sansa grow following Arya 's discovery of the letter Sansa sent as a child begging for Robb 's fealty to Joffrey . Sansa discovers Arya 's bag of faces she took from Braavos . At Dragonstone , Tyrion counsels Daenerys about her upcoming negotiations with Cersei . Beyond the Wall , Jon leads a raiding party to capture a wight to bring South as evidence of the White Walkers ' existence . After successfully capturing one , the group is besieged by the White Walker army . Jon has Gendry return to Eastwatch and send a raven to Daenerys to request her help . Thoros freezes to death overnight . Daenerys arrives and saves the group from the wights , with the help of her dragons . The Night King , leader of the White Walkers , throws an ice spear at Viserion , one of Daenerys ' dragons , and kills it . Daenerys flies off , along with the raiding party , but is unable to save Jon . Benjen Stark intervenes and sacrifices himself to allow Jon to escape . When Jon and Daenerys are reunited , Jon pledges himself and the North to Daenerys as Queen . The Night King resurrects Viserion , making the dragon a part of his army . 67 7 `` The Dragon and the Wolf '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 27 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 27 ) 12.07 At King 's Landing , the wight is presented to the Lannisters . Cersei demands Jon 's neutrality in the Great War , but he upholds his oath to Daenerys , provoking Cersei to leave . Tyrion meets privately with Cersei , apparently persuading her to ally . Cersei later reveals to Jaime that she was lying and instead intends to use the Golden Company of Braavos to secure her hold on Westeros . Disgusted , Jaime deserts her and rides north . Bound for White Harbor , Jon and Daenerys make love . At Dragonstone , Theon earns the respect of his men and leads them to rescue Yara . At Winterfell , Littlefinger sows dissent using Arya 's threatening demeanor with Sansa , who assembles a trial . After listing Littlefinger 's acts of treason against House Stark and the North , Sansa has Arya execute him . Samwell arrives at Winterfell and meets with Bran , where both discuss Jon 's parentage . They realise Jon is a trueborn Targaryen named Aegon and valid heir to the Iron Throne , with his parents -- Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark -- having married in secret . At Eastwatch , an undead Viserion damages the Wall , allowing the Army of the Dead to march south .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 61 `` Dragonstone '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 16 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 16 ) 10.11 At the Twins , Arya fatally poisons the remaining lords of House Frey .","The White Walkers march toward the Wall , where Tollett allows Bran and Meera inside .","At Winterfell , despite Sansa 's disapproval , Jon secures the loyalties of Houses Umber and Karstark , who fought alongside Ramsay in the Battle of the Bastards .","At the Citadel , Samwell steals books that reveal a large reservoir of dragonglass in Dragonstone , and sends word to Jon .","He later finds Jorah in a cell .","In the Riverlands , Arya meets a group of friendly Lannister soldiers , who take her intention to kill Cersei as a joke .","Thoros shows Sandor a vision in the fire .","The revelation leads him to believe in the Lord of Light .","In King 's Landing , Jaime tells Cersei of the crucial need for allies .","She welcomes Euron , who proposes marriage to her in exchange for his Iron Fleet and a chance to kill Theon and Yara .","Cersei declines citing trust as a concern , so Euron promises to return with a `` gift '' to prove his loyalty .","Daenerys arrives at Dragonstone , the home of House Targaryen once occupied by Stannis , with her army and dragons .","62 `` Stormborn '' Mark Mylod Bryan Cogman July 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 23 ) 9.27 Daenerys sends the Dornishmen with Yara 's fleet to Sunspear and the Unsullied to Casterly Rock , deciding to place King 's Landing under siege .","She questions Varys ' loyalty and threatens to burn him alive if he ever betrays her .","Melisandre arrives and encourages her to invite Jon Snow to Dragonstone .","Grey Worm and Missandei consummate their relationship .","Cersei gathers several lords , asking for their fealties and elevating Randyll Tarly as Warden of the South .","Qyburn shows Cersei a prototype ballista capable of harming dragons .","Arya meets with Hot Pie and learns of Jon 's ascension to King in the North , halting plans to travel to King 's Landing and instead setting course for Winterfell .","After receiving Samwell 's letter , Jon leaves for Dragonstone in hopes of convincing Daenerys to support the fight against the White Walkers .","He leaves Sansa in charge and aggressively warns Littlefinger to keep his distance .","Samwell applies a forbidden treatment on Jorah 's greyscale infection .","Euron 's fleet attacks Yara 's .","Obara and Nymeria are killed , while Ellaria , Tyene , and Yara are captured .","Theon shows flashes of his time as Reek , hesitating to challenge Euron before fleeing the carnage by jumping into the sea .","63","`` The Queen 's Justice '' Mark Mylod David Benioff & D.B. Weiss July 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 07 - 30 ) 9.25 Jon arrives at Dragonstone .","Daenerys demands his fealty .","He refuses and focuses instead on convincing her to fight the Army of the Dead .","Following Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys grants Jon access to the island 's dragonglass .","Melisandre hides her presence from Jon and leaves for Volantis .","Bran arrives at Winterfell and reveals his newfound role as the Three - Eyed Raven to Sansa .","In King 's Landing , Euron returns with Ellaria and Tyene as a gift for Cersei , who promises to marry him after the war is won .","She also awards him co-control of her military alongside Jaime .","Cersei administers to Tyene the same poison used to kill Myrcella , forcing Ellaria to watch her daughter 's impending death .","In Oldtown , a healed Jorah leaves to find Daenerys .","Ebrose forgives Samwell .","Grey Worm and the Unsullied attack Casterly Rock , only to find it mostly abandoned .","Jaime led most of the Lannister forces in an attack on Highgarden , while Euron 's fleet ambushes and destroys the Unsullied 's ships .","The Lannister forces overwhelm Olenna 's army .","Jaime induces Olenna to drink poison , offering her a quick and painless death .","After drinking it , she confesses to poisoning Joffrey .","64 `` The Spoils of War '' Matt Shakman David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 06 ) 10.17 Arya returns to Winterfell , where she reunites with Sansa and spars with Brienne , both of whom are unnerved by her exceptional fighting skills .","Bran unemotionally bids farewell to Meera , divulging that he is no longer the boy she accompanied through the North .","Littlefinger presents Bran with the dagger that was previously used in his attempted assassination .","Cersei assures the Iron Bank a full return on their investment , as a train carrying gold from Highgarden is on its way to King 's Landing .","In a cave filled with dragonglass , Jon reveals ancient paintings to Daenerys depicting the First Men and the Children of the Forest joining forces against the undead .","Later , Daenerys learns of the sacking of Highgarden by Lannister forces and realizes her attack on Casterly Rock was a distraction .","Despite Tyrion 's protests , she decides to take action .","Led by Daenerys riding Drogon , the Dothraki cavalry catches the Lannister army by surprise and decimate or capture its remaining forces .","Drogon is wounded during the fight by a spear fired from the scorpion ballista being manned by Bronn .","Jaime mounts a desperate charge on horseback at a vulnerable Daenerys , but Drogon spews fire in time to thwart the attack .","Bronn tackles Jaime into the river in time to save him .","65 5 `` Eastwatch '' Matt Shakman Dave Hill August 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 13 ) 10.72 Jaime and Bronn return to King 's Landing .","Against Tyrion 's advice , Daenerys has Drogon burn Randyll and Dickon Tarly alive for remaining allegiant to Cersei , forcing the other captives to pledge fealty to the former .","Jorah arrives at Dragonstone and reunites with Daenerys .","Maester Wolkan alerts Jon and the Citadel about the approaching wights to the Eastwatch by the Sea .","Jon decides to travel beyond the Wall and capture a wight in order to convince Cersei for a temporary alliance .","Davos smuggles Tyrion inside King 's Landing , where he secretly meets with Jaime and offers an armistice , which Cersei accepts , informing Jaime that she is pregnant .","Davos rendezvouses with Gendry and returns him to Dragonstone .","With the Citadel ignoring Wolkan 's letter , Samwell steals several books and leaves with Gilly and Little Sam .","At Winterfell , Littlefinger notices Arya spying on him and leads her to take a letter written by Sansa from his room .","Jon , Jorah , and Gendry , joined by the Hound , the Brotherhood , and a group of the Free Folk led by Tormund , leave Eastwatch and pass the Wall , intending to capture a wight as evidence for Cersei that the Army of the Dead is real .","66 6 `` Beyond the Wall '' Alan Taylor David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 20 ) 10.24 At Winterfell , Littlefinger plots to isolate Sansa .","Tensions between Arya and Sansa grow following Arya 's discovery of the letter Sansa sent as a child begging for Robb 's fealty to Joffrey .","Sansa discovers Arya 's bag of faces she took from Braavos .","At Dragonstone , Tyrion counsels Daenerys about her upcoming negotiations with Cersei .","Beyond the Wall , Jon leads a raiding party to capture a wight to bring South as evidence of the White Walkers ' existence .","After successfully capturing one , the group is besieged by the White Walker army .","Jon has Gendry return to Eastwatch and send a raven to Daenerys to request her help .","Thoros freezes to death overnight .","Daenerys arrives and saves the group from the wights , with the help of her dragons .","The Night King , leader of the White Walkers , throws an ice spear at Viserion , one of Daenerys ' dragons , and kills it .","Daenerys flies off , along with the raiding party , but is unable to save Jon .","Benjen Stark intervenes and sacrifices himself to allow Jon to escape .","When Jon and Daenerys are reunited , Jon pledges himself and the North to Daenerys as Queen .","The Night King resurrects Viserion , making the dragon a part of his army .","67 7 `` The Dragon and the Wolf '' Jeremy Podeswa David Benioff & D.B. Weiss August 27 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 27 ) 12.07 At King 's Landing , the wight is presented to the Lannisters .","Cersei demands Jon 's neutrality in the Great War , but he upholds his oath to Daenerys , provoking Cersei to leave .","Tyrion meets privately with Cersei , apparently persuading her to ally .","Cersei later reveals to Jaime that she was lying and instead intends to use the Golden Company of Braavos to secure her hold on Westeros .","Disgusted , Jaime deserts her and rides north .","Bound for White Harbor , Jon and Daenerys make love .","At Dragonstone , Theon earns the respect of his men and leads them to rescue Yara .","At Winterfell , Littlefinger sows dissent using Arya 's threatening demeanor with Sansa , who assembles a trial .","After listing Littlefinger 's acts of treason against House Stark and the North , Sansa has Arya execute him .","Samwell arrives at Winterfell and meets with Bran , where both discuss Jon 's parentage .","They realise Jon is a trueborn Targaryen named Aegon and valid heir to the Iron Throne , with his parents -- Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark -- having married in secret .","At Eastwatch , an undead Viserion damages the Wall , allowing the Army of the Dead to march south ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1769372435076184215","input":"how many levels are there in lego marvel avengers","passages":[{"title":"Lego Marvel's Avengers","text":"The Avengers all reunite at New York and Banner transforms into the Hulk , and they battle Loki and the Chitauri while rescuing civilians . The Hulk finds Loki and fights him while Black Widow makes her way to the wormhole generator , where Selvig , freed from Loki 's mind control , reveals that Loki 's scepter can be used to shut down the generator . Meanwhile , Fury 's superiors from the World Security Council , dissatisfied with the Avenger 's attempts , take matters in their own hands and attempt to end the invasion by launching a nuclear missile at Midtown Manhattan . Iron Man hijacks the missile and takes it through the wormhole , making it target the Chitauri mothership rather than Manhattan , killing the other aliens on Earth . Iron Man 's suit runs out of power , and he falls back through the wormhole just as Black Widow closes it . Iron Man goes into freefall , but the Hulk saves him from crashing into the ground . In the aftermath , Thor returns Loki and the Tesseract to Asgard , while Fury expresses confidence that the Avengers will return if and when they are needed . Meanwhile , Thanos is informed of Loki 's failure and the Avengers are shown eating in a restaurant ( with Hulk taking all the food for himself ) . A disguised Strucker gets ahold of Loki 's scepter ( with a S.H.I.E.L.D. logo falling off a truck to reveal a Hydra symbol ) and takes it back to his base where he and Dr. List begin experimenting on Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch , giving them their powers before the Avengers attack the base , ending the flashback .","sentences":["The Avengers all reunite at New York and Banner transforms into the Hulk , and they battle Loki and the Chitauri while rescuing civilians .","The Hulk finds Loki and fights him while Black Widow makes her way to the wormhole generator , where Selvig , freed from Loki 's mind control , reveals that Loki 's scepter can be used to shut down the generator .","Meanwhile , Fury 's superiors from the World Security Council , dissatisfied with the Avenger 's attempts , take matters in their own hands and attempt to end the invasion by launching a nuclear missile at Midtown Manhattan .","Iron Man hijacks the missile and takes it through the wormhole , making it target the Chitauri mothership rather than Manhattan , killing the other aliens on Earth .","Iron Man 's suit runs out of power , and he falls back through the wormhole just as Black Widow closes it .","Iron Man goes into freefall , but the Hulk saves him from crashing into the ground .","In the aftermath , Thor returns Loki and the Tesseract to Asgard , while Fury expresses confidence that the Avengers will return if and when they are needed .","Meanwhile , Thanos is informed of Loki 's failure and the Avengers are shown eating in a restaurant ( with Hulk taking all the food for himself ) .","A disguised Strucker gets ahold of Loki 's scepter ( with a S.H.I.E.L.D. logo falling off a truck to reveal a Hydra symbol ) and takes it back to his base where he and Dr. List begin experimenting on Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch , giving them their powers before the Avengers attack the base , ending the flashback ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3285037972437076220","input":"bade achhe lagte hain serial in hindi full episodes","passages":[{"title":"Bade Achhe Lagte Hain","text":"Episode 166 of Bade Achhe Lagte Hain , directed by Anil V. Kumar and telecast on 12 March 2012 , was much hyped and anticipated . It showed the protagonists consummating their marriage . India Today described the episode as `` aesthetically shot '' . It was also backed by a teaser which drew the required hype and interest . The consummation sequence was so much anticipated that within minutes of the episode 's telecast , the episode went viral on YouTube with nearly 150,630 hits and counting . The love making scene also trended in social networking and microblogging sites such as Twitter . Times of India described the episode as `` action packed '' . Many viewers made fun of the episode and the overweight Ram Kapoor .","sentences":["Episode 166 of Bade Achhe Lagte Hain , directed by Anil V. Kumar and telecast on 12 March 2012 , was much hyped and anticipated .","It showed the protagonists consummating their marriage .","India Today described the episode as `` aesthetically shot '' .","It was also backed by a teaser which drew the required hype and interest .","The consummation sequence was so much anticipated that within minutes of the episode 's telecast , the episode went viral on YouTube with nearly 150,630 hits and counting .","The love making scene also trended in social networking and microblogging sites such as Twitter .","Times of India described the episode as `` action packed '' .","Many viewers made fun of the episode and the overweight Ram Kapoor ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2492949162254494567","input":"where was the first game of tennis played","passages":[{"title":"History of tennis","text":"Tennis comes from the French tenez , the plural imperative form of the verb tenir , to hold , meaning `` hold ! '' , `` receive ! '' or `` take ! '' , an interjection used as a call from the server to his opponent to indicate that he is about to serve . Racket derives from the Arabic rakhat , meaning the palm of the hand . Deuce comes from \u00e0 deux le jeu , meaning `` to both is the game '' ( that is , the two players have equal scores ) . The origin of the use of Love for zero is disputed . It is possible that it derives from `` l'oeuf '' , the French word for `` egg '' , representing the shape of a zero . Another possibility is that it derives from the Dutch expression `` iets voor lof doen '' , which means to do something for praise , implying no monetary stakes . The reason for the numbering of scores being `` 15 '' , `` 30 '' and `` 40 '' is unknown . Historical sources suggest the system was originally 15 , 30 , 45 with the 45 simplified to 40 over time . Common theories are that it originated from the quarters of a clock , or from gambling stakes .","sentences":["Tennis comes from the French tenez , the plural imperative form of the verb tenir , to hold , meaning `` hold ! ''",", `` receive ! ''","or `` take ! ''",", an interjection used as a call from the server to his opponent to indicate that he is about to serve .","Racket derives from the Arabic rakhat , meaning the palm of the hand .","Deuce comes from \u00e0 deux le jeu , meaning `` to both is the game '' ( that is , the two players have equal scores ) .","The origin of the use of Love for zero is disputed .","It is possible that it derives from `` l'oeuf '' , the French word for `` egg '' , representing the shape of a zero .","Another possibility is that it derives from the Dutch expression `` iets voor lof doen '' , which means to do something for praise , implying no monetary stakes .","The reason for the numbering of scores being `` 15 '' , `` 30 '' and `` 40 '' is unknown .","Historical sources suggest the system was originally 15 , 30 , 45 with the 45 simplified to 40 over time .","Common theories are that it originated from the quarters of a clock , or from gambling stakes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3939873143447544621","input":"significance of american recovery and reinvestment act of 2009","passages":[{"title":"American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009","text":"Senate -- $55 billion in state fiscal relief to prevent cuts in education aid and provide block grants ; $25 billion to school districts to fund special education and the No Child Left Behind K -- 12 law ; $14 billion to boost the maximum Pell Grant by $400 to $5,250 ; $2 billion for Head Start . House -- Similar aid to states and school districts ; $21 billion for school modernization ; $16 billion to boost the maximum Pell Grant by $500 to $5,350 ; $2 billion for Head Start . Conference -- The Conference Report merged most education aid with the State Fiscal Stabilization fund ( administered by the Department of Education ) and gave power over the funds to each governor under voluminous restrictions . The Governor is `` Required '' to spend $45 billion of the money on education to restore funding to 2008 levels but the mechanisms to enforce state maintenance of effort at 2005 -- 06 levels are complex and potentially impossible to implement . Hard hit states such as Nevada can not possibly find enough funds to get to the 2005 -- 06 state funding levels for education . Some states with no current budget cuts for education , such as Arkansas and North Carolina , may get nothing . This will result in a monumental 50 state legal and political fight over how to re-budget to best take advantage of the federal legislation . Many states will further reduce state funds for education to the 2005 -- 06 minimum so these state resources can be used for other state priorities and the net gain for education will be far less than the total federal appropriation .","sentences":["Senate -- $55 billion in state fiscal relief to prevent cuts in education aid and provide block grants ; $25 billion to school districts to fund special education and the No Child Left Behind K -- 12 law ; $14 billion to boost the maximum Pell Grant by $400 to $5,250 ; $2 billion for Head Start .","House -- Similar aid to states and school districts ; $21 billion for school modernization ; $16 billion to boost the maximum Pell Grant by $500 to $5,350 ; $2 billion for Head Start .","Conference -- The Conference Report merged most education aid with the State Fiscal Stabilization fund ( administered by the Department of Education ) and gave power over the funds to each governor under voluminous restrictions .","The Governor is `` Required '' to spend $45 billion of the money on education to restore funding to 2008 levels but the mechanisms to enforce state maintenance of effort at 2005 -- 06 levels are complex and potentially impossible to implement .","Hard hit states such as Nevada can not possibly find enough funds to get to the 2005 -- 06 state funding levels for education .","Some states with no current budget cuts for education , such as Arkansas and North Carolina , may get nothing .","This will result in a monumental 50 state legal and political fight over how to re-budget to best take advantage of the federal legislation .","Many states will further reduce state funds for education to the 2005 -- 06 minimum so these state resources can be used for other state priorities and the net gain for education will be far less than the total federal appropriation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8217020796703504388","input":"where did the second battle of marne take place","passages":[{"title":"Second Battle of the Marne","text":"The Allied preparation was very important in countering the German offensive . It was believed that the Allies had the complete picture of the German offensive in terms of intentions and capabilities . The Allies knew the key points of the German plan down to the minute . There is a legend , possibly true , that engineer Cpt . Hunter Grant , along with the help of engagement coordinator and engineer Cpt . Page , devised a deceptive ruse . A briefcase with false plans for an American countererattack was handcuffed to a man who had died of pneumonia and placed in a vehicle which appeared to have run off the road at a German - controlled bridge . The Germans , on finding and being taken in by these plans , then adjusted their attack to thwart the false Allied plan . Consequently , the French and American forces led by Foch were able to unleash a different attack on exposed parts of the enemy lines , leaving the Germans with no choice but to retreat . This engagement marked the beginning of a German withdrawal that was never effectively reversed . In September 1918 nine American divisions ( about 243,000 men ) joined four French divisions to push the Germans from the St. Mihiel salient .","sentences":["The Allied preparation was very important in countering the German offensive .","It was believed that the Allies had the complete picture of the German offensive in terms of intentions and capabilities .","The Allies knew the key points of the German plan down to the minute .","There is a legend , possibly true , that engineer Cpt .","Hunter Grant , along with the help of engagement coordinator and engineer Cpt .","Page , devised a deceptive ruse .","A briefcase with false plans for an American countererattack was handcuffed to a man who had died of pneumonia and placed in a vehicle which appeared to have run off the road at a German - controlled bridge .","The Germans , on finding and being taken in by these plans , then adjusted their attack to thwart the false Allied plan .","Consequently , the French and American forces led by Foch were able to unleash a different attack on exposed parts of the enemy lines , leaving the Germans with no choice but to retreat .","This engagement marked the beginning of a German withdrawal that was never effectively reversed .","In September 1918 nine American divisions ( about 243,000 men ) joined four French divisions to push the Germans from the St. Mihiel salient ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7538416412035266912","input":"what's the name of the black car in cars 3","passages":[{"title":"List of Cars characters","text":"Jerry ( voiced by Joe Ranft ) is a 1979 Peterbilt 352 that Lightning McQueen mistook for Mack . He has the words `` Recycled Batteries '' on his side . His only line in the movie is a response to McQueen : `` Mack ? ! I ai n't no Mack ! I 'm a Peterbilt for dang sake ! Turn on your lights , you moron ! '' The deleted scene on the DVD has the words `` Jerry 's Junk '' and his only line is shortened saying : `` Turn on your lights , you moron ! ''","sentences":["Jerry ( voiced by Joe Ranft ) is a 1979 Peterbilt 352 that Lightning McQueen mistook for Mack .","He has the words `` Recycled Batteries '' on his side .","His only line in the movie is a response to McQueen : `` Mack ? !","I ai n't no Mack !","I 'm a Peterbilt for dang sake !","Turn on your lights , you moron ! ''","The deleted scene on the DVD has the words `` Jerry 's Junk '' and his only line is shortened saying : `` Turn on your lights , you moron ! ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5512119340472931952","input":"where is ex on the beach filmed season 1","passages":[{"title":"Ex on the Beach","text":"Celebrity Big Brother Chloe Goodman -- Series 15 ( 2015 ) -- Thirteenth Megan McKenna -- Series 17 ( 2016 ) -- Tenth Stephen Bear -- Series 18 ( 2016 ) -- Winner Jemma Lucy -- Series 20 ( 2017 ) -- Sixth Jordan Davies -- Series 20 ( 2017 ) -- Twelfth","sentences":["Celebrity Big Brother Chloe Goodman -- Series 15 ( 2015 ) --","Thirteenth Megan McKenna -- Series 17 ( 2016 ) --","Tenth Stephen Bear -- Series 18 ( 2016 ) --","Winner Jemma Lucy -- Series 20 ( 2017 ) --","Sixth Jordan Davies -- Series 20 ( 2017 ) --","Twelfth"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4437644579847656786","input":"what is the difference between london bridge and tower bridge","passages":[{"title":"London Bridge","text":"With the end of Roman rule in Britain in the early 5th century , Londinium was gradually abandoned and the bridge fell into disrepair . In the Saxon period , the river became a boundary between the emergent , mutually hostile kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex . By the late 9th century , Danish invasions prompted at least a partial reoccupation of the site by the Saxons . The bridge may have been rebuilt by Alfred the Great soon after the Battle of Edington as part of Alfred 's redevelopment of the area in his system of burhs , or it may have been rebuilt around 990 under the Saxon king \u00c6thelred the Unready to hasten his troop movements against Sweyn Forkbeard , father of Cnut the Great . A skaldic tradition describes the bridge 's destruction in 1014 by \u00c6thelred 's ally Olaf , to divide the Danish forces who held both the walled City of London and Southwark . The earliest contemporary written reference to a Saxon bridge is c. 1016 when chroniclers mention how Cnut 's ships bypassed the crossing , during his war to regain the throne from Edmund Ironside ( see Battle of Brentford ( 1016 ) ) .","sentences":["With the end of Roman rule in Britain in the early 5th century , Londinium was gradually abandoned and the bridge fell into disrepair .","In the Saxon period , the river became a boundary between the emergent , mutually hostile kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex .","By the late 9th century , Danish invasions prompted at least a partial reoccupation of the site by the Saxons .","The bridge may have been rebuilt by Alfred the Great soon after the Battle of Edington as part of Alfred 's redevelopment of the area in his system of burhs , or it may have been rebuilt around 990 under the Saxon king \u00c6thelred the Unready to hasten his troop movements against Sweyn Forkbeard , father of Cnut the Great .","A skaldic tradition describes the bridge 's destruction in 1014 by \u00c6thelred 's ally Olaf , to divide the Danish forces who held both the walled City of London and Southwark .","The earliest contemporary written reference to a Saxon bridge is c. 1016 when chroniclers mention how Cnut 's ships bypassed the crossing , during his war to regain the throne from Edmund Ironside ( see Battle of Brentford ( 1016 ) ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3162484200696657937","input":"what is the closest airport to melbourne cbd","passages":[{"title":"List of airports in the Melbourne area","text":"Melbourne Airport ( IATA : MEL , ICAO : YMML ) is located in Tullamarine to the north - west of the city and is by far the busiest airport serving the city with domestic flights to every state and territory of Australia , as well as Africa , Europe , Asia , Oceania and North America . The airport is a major hub for both Qantas and Virgin Australia , and home base for Jetstar Airways and Tiger Airways Australia , and cargo airlines Australian air Express and Toll Priority . Avalon Airport ( IATA : AVV , ICAO : YMAV ) is located to the south - west , outside the city of Geelong , and is the next most prominent airport with Jetstar Airways serving the airport . Essendon Airport ( IATA : MEB , ICAO : YMEN ) is located in the middle north - west of the city and was formerly the primary airport for Melbourne . It is now limited to a handful of passenger airlines and is primarily used for general aviation and cargo flights . Moorabbin Airport ( IATA : MBW , ICAO : YMMB ) is located in the middle southern suburbs and offers a limited number of passenger flights but is the primary general aviation airport in the city .","sentences":["Melbourne Airport ( IATA : MEL , ICAO : YMML ) is located in Tullamarine to the north - west of the city and is by far the busiest airport serving the city with domestic flights to every state and territory of Australia , as well as Africa , Europe , Asia , Oceania and North America .","The airport is a major hub for both Qantas and Virgin Australia , and home base for Jetstar Airways and Tiger Airways Australia , and cargo airlines Australian air Express and Toll Priority .","Avalon Airport ( IATA :","AVV , ICAO : YMAV ) is located to the south - west , outside the city of Geelong , and is the next most prominent airport with Jetstar Airways serving the airport .","Essendon Airport ( IATA :","MEB , ICAO : YMEN ) is located in the middle north - west of the city and was formerly the primary airport for Melbourne .","It is now limited to a handful of passenger airlines and is primarily used for general aviation and cargo flights .","Moorabbin Airport ( IATA :","MBW , ICAO : YMMB ) is located in the middle southern suburbs and offers a limited number of passenger flights but is the primary general aviation airport in the city ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2259991970329659057","input":"what episode of one tree hill does haley find out she's pregnant","passages":[{"title":"One Tree Hill (season 4)","text":"This season focuses on the final half of senior year at Tree Hill High School . Nathan and Haley find out that they are going to have a baby . Lucas starts writing a novel , while also questioning what really happened on the day of the school shooting . Nathan gets involved with some shady characters after he and Haley start having money problems . Peyton finds out she has a brother , but he may not be who he says he is . Brooke becomes friends with Rachel and starts a relationship with newcomer Chase . Dan tries to get close to Karen and help her with Keith 's baby .","sentences":["This season focuses on the final half of senior year at Tree Hill High School .","Nathan and Haley find out that they are going to have a baby .","Lucas starts writing a novel , while also questioning what really happened on the day of the school shooting .","Nathan gets involved with some shady characters after he and Haley start having money problems .","Peyton finds out she has a brother , but he may not be who he says he is .","Brooke becomes friends with Rachel and starts a relationship with newcomer Chase .","Dan tries to get close to Karen and help her with Keith 's baby ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1520165136055956763","input":"when did the uk get freedom of speech","passages":[{"title":"Freedom of speech by country","text":"Certain sections of the Flag and Heraldic Code require particular expressions and prohibit other expressions . Title thirteen of the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines criminalizes libel and slander by act or deed ( slander by deed is defined as `` any act ... which shall cast dishonor , discredit or contempt upon another person . '' ) , providing penalties of fine or imprisonment . In 2012 , acting on a complaint by an imprisoned broadcaster who dramatised a newspaper account reporting that a particular politician was seen running naked in a hotel when caught in bed by the husband of the woman with whom he was said to have spent the night , the United Nations Commission on Human Rights ruled that the criminalization of libel violates freedom of expression and is inconsistent with Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights , commenting that `` Defamations laws should not ... stifle freedom of expression '' and that `` Penal defamation laws should include defense of truth . '' Blasphemy against decency and good customs is an offense which is punishable by a prison term , a fine , or both . Other offenses against decency and good customs include : public displays or exhibitions which glorify criminals or condone crimes , serve no other purpose but to satisfy the market for violence , lust or pornography , offend any race or religion , tend to abet traffic in and use of prohibited drugs , and are contrary to law , public order , morals , and good customs , established policies , lawful orders , decrees and edicts ; publishing or selling obscene literature ; selling , giving away , or exhibiting films , prints , engravings , sculpture or literature which are offensive to morals ; publicly expounding or proclaiming doctrines openly contrary to public morals ; and highly scandalous conduct not expressly falling within any other article of the code .","sentences":["Certain sections of the Flag and Heraldic Code require particular expressions and prohibit other expressions .","Title thirteen of the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines criminalizes libel and slander by act or deed ( slander by deed is defined as `` any act ... which shall cast dishonor , discredit or contempt upon another person . '' )",", providing penalties of fine or imprisonment .","In 2012 , acting on a complaint by an imprisoned broadcaster who dramatised a newspaper account reporting that a particular politician was seen running naked in a hotel when caught in bed by the husband of the woman with whom he was said to have spent the night , the United Nations Commission on Human Rights ruled that the criminalization of libel violates freedom of expression and is inconsistent with Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights , commenting that `` Defamations laws should not ... stifle freedom of expression '' and that `` Penal defamation laws should include defense of truth . ''","Blasphemy against decency and good customs is an offense which is punishable by a prison term , a fine , or both .","Other offenses against decency and good customs include : public displays or exhibitions which glorify criminals or condone crimes , serve no other purpose but to satisfy the market for violence , lust or pornography , offend any race or religion , tend to abet traffic in and use of prohibited drugs , and are contrary to law , public order , morals , and good customs , established policies , lawful orders , decrees and edicts ; publishing or selling obscene literature ; selling , giving away , or exhibiting films , prints , engravings , sculpture or literature which are offensive to morals ; publicly expounding or proclaiming doctrines openly contrary to public morals ; and highly scandalous conduct not expressly falling within any other article of the code ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3573080152256723568","input":"who is credited as being the first director","passages":[{"title":"Theatre director","text":"Because of the relatively late emergence of theatre directing as a performing arts profession when compared with for instance acting or musicianship , a rise of professional vocational training programmes in directing can be seen mostly in the second half of the 20th century . Most European countries nowadays know some form of professional directing training , usually at drama schools or conservatoires , or at universities . In Britain , the tradition that theatre directors emerge from degree courses ( usually in English literature ) at the Oxbridge universities has meant that for a long time , professional vocational training did not take place at drama schools or performing arts colleges , although an increase in training programmes for theatre directors can be witnessed since the 1970s and 1980s . In American universities , the seminal directing program at the Yale School of Drama produced a number of pioneering directors with D.F.A. ( Doctor of Fine Arts ) and M.F.A. degrees in Drama ( rather than English ) who contributed to the expansion of professional resident theaters in the 1960s and 1970s . In the early days such programmes typically led to the staging of one major thesis production in the third ( final ) year . At the University of California , Irvine , Keith Fowler ( a Yale D.F.A. and ex-producer of two LORT companies ) led for many years a graduate programme based on the premise that directors are autodidacts who need as many opportunities to direct as possible . Under Fowler , graduate student directors would stage between five and ten productions during their three - year residencies , with each production receiving detailed critiques .","sentences":["Because of the relatively late emergence of theatre directing as a performing arts profession when compared with for instance acting or musicianship , a rise of professional vocational training programmes in directing can be seen mostly in the second half of the 20th century .","Most European countries nowadays know some form of professional directing training , usually at drama schools or conservatoires , or at universities .","In Britain , the tradition that theatre directors emerge from degree courses ( usually in English literature ) at the Oxbridge universities has meant that for a long time , professional vocational training did not take place at drama schools or performing arts colleges , although an increase in training programmes for theatre directors can be witnessed since the 1970s and 1980s .","In American universities , the seminal directing program at the Yale School of Drama produced a number of pioneering directors with D.F.A. ( Doctor of Fine Arts ) and M.F.A. degrees in Drama ( rather than English ) who contributed to the expansion of professional resident theaters in the 1960s and 1970s .","In the early days such programmes typically led to the staging of one major thesis production in the third ( final ) year .","At the University of California , Irvine , Keith Fowler ( a Yale D.F.A. and ex-producer of two LORT companies ) led for many years a graduate programme based on the premise that directors are autodidacts who need as many opportunities to direct as possible .","Under Fowler , graduate student directors would stage between five and ten productions during their three - year residencies , with each production receiving detailed critiques ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1080345827869043093","input":"who did the railroad turn to for financial relief during the panic of 1893","passages":[{"title":"Panic of 1893","text":"As a result of the panic , stock prices declined . Five hundred banks closed , fifteen thousand businesses failed , and numerous farms ceased operation . The unemployment rate hit 25 % in Pennsylvania , 35 % in New York , and 43 % in Michigan . Soup kitchens were opened to help feed the destitute . Facing starvation , people chopped wood , broke rocks , and sewed by hand with needle and thread in exchange for food . In some cases , women resorted to prostitution to feed their families . To help the people of Detroit , Mayor Hazen S. Pingree launched `` Pingree 's Potato Patch , '' which were community gardens for farming .","sentences":["As a result of the panic , stock prices declined .","Five hundred banks closed , fifteen thousand businesses failed , and numerous farms ceased operation .","The unemployment rate hit 25 % in Pennsylvania , 35 % in New York , and 43 % in Michigan .","Soup kitchens were opened to help feed the destitute .","Facing starvation , people chopped wood , broke rocks , and sewed by hand with needle and thread in exchange for food .","In some cases , women resorted to prostitution to feed their families .","To help the people of Detroit , Mayor Hazen S. Pingree launched `` Pingree 's Potato Patch , '' which were community gardens for farming ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4580821538490087121","input":"how many chapters are in grabbed by the ghoulies","passages":[{"title":"Grabbed by the Ghoulies","text":"The game was criticised for its simplistic gameplay and lack of innovation . Gifford noted that the game 's `` biggest problem '' was its unchallenging gameplay , stating that it was `` repetitive '' ; he compared it to gameplay of the 16 - bit era . Game Revolution stated that the gameplay appeared `` interesting '' at first , but grew tiresome the longer the game is played , despite its short length . Jennings noted that the gameplay was not `` groundbreaking '' and similarly stated that the game relied heavily on `` what is practically 16 - bit gameplay '' . The camera controls were another criticised aspect of the game , due to the control sticks being allocated for attack functions . Gifford labelled the `` forced shunt '' idea as a `` terrible drag '' which became troublesome during the latter half of the game . Game Revolution 's review also criticised the camera controls , stating that the use of triggers to rotate the camera was `` on the clunky side '' . Jennings , however , felt that the camera was `` fine '' and did not provide any obstruction .","sentences":["The game was criticised for its simplistic gameplay and lack of innovation .","Gifford noted that the game 's `` biggest problem '' was its unchallenging gameplay , stating that it was `` repetitive '' ; he compared it to gameplay of the 16 - bit era .","Game Revolution stated that the gameplay appeared `` interesting '' at first , but grew tiresome the longer the game is played , despite its short length .","Jennings noted that the gameplay was not `` groundbreaking '' and similarly stated that the game relied heavily on `` what is practically 16 - bit gameplay '' .","The camera controls were another criticised aspect of the game , due to the control sticks being allocated for attack functions .","Gifford labelled the `` forced shunt '' idea as a `` terrible drag '' which became troublesome during the latter half of the game .","Game Revolution 's review also criticised the camera controls , stating that the use of triggers to rotate the camera was `` on the clunky side '' .","Jennings , however , felt that the camera was `` fine '' and did not provide any obstruction ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4366813402589117856","input":"who has the highest ppg in nba playoff history","passages":[{"title":"NBA post-season records","text":"Most points - 135 by Michael Jordan , Chicago Bulls ( vs. Miami Heat ) , 1992 ( 45.0 ppg ) Most field goals made - 53 by Michael Jordan , Chicago Bulls ( vs. Miami Heat ) , 1992 Most field goals attempted - 104 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. Syracuse Nationals ) , 1960 Most 3 - point field goals made - 14 by John Starks , New York Knicks ( vs. Cleveland Cavaliers ) , 1996 Most 3 - point field goals attempted - 35 by Reggie Miller , Indiana Pacers ( vs. Milwaukee Bucks ) , 1999 Highest 3 - point field goal percentage ( min . 6 attempts ) - 85.7 % by Muggsy Bogues , 1997 ( 6 \/ 7 ) Most free throws made - 43 by Kevin Johnson , Phoenix Suns ( vs. Denver Nuggets ) , 1989 Most free throws attempted - 47 by Dolph Schayes , Syracuse Nationals ( vs. Boston Celtics ) , 1959 Highest free throw percentage ( min . 15 attempts ) - 100 % by Michael Jordan , Chicago Bulls ( vs. Washington Bullets ) , 1997 ( 15 \/ 15 ) Most rebounds - 84 by Bill Russell , Boston Celtics ( vs. Syracuse Nationals ) , 1957 ( 28.0 rpg ) Most offensive rebounds - 28 by Moses Malone , Houston Rockets ( vs. Seattle SuperSonics ) , 1982 Most assists - 48 by Magic Johnson , Los Angeles Lakers ( vs. San Antonio Spurs ) , 1986 ( 16.0 apg ) Most steals - 13 by Clyde Drexler , Portland Trail Blazers ( vs. Dallas Mavericks ) , 1990 ; Hersey Hawkins , Philadelphia 76ers ( vs. Milwaukee Bucks ) , 1991 ( 4.3 spg ) Most blocks - 18 by Manute Bol , Golden State Warriors ( vs. Utah Jazz ) , 1989 ( 6.0 bpg )","sentences":["Most points - 135 by Michael Jordan , Chicago Bulls ( vs. Miami Heat ) , 1992 ( 45.0 ppg )","Most field goals made - 53 by Michael Jordan , Chicago Bulls ( vs. Miami Heat ) , 1992 Most field goals attempted - 104 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. Syracuse Nationals ) , 1960","Most 3 - point field goals made - 14 by John Starks , New York Knicks ( vs. Cleveland Cavaliers ) , 1996 Most 3 - point field goals attempted - 35 by Reggie Miller , Indiana Pacers ( vs. Milwaukee Bucks ) , 1999 Highest 3 - point field goal percentage ( min .","6 attempts ) - 85.7 % by Muggsy Bogues , 1997 ( 6 \/ 7 ) Most free throws made - 43 by Kevin Johnson , Phoenix Suns ( vs. Denver Nuggets ) , 1989 Most free throws attempted - 47 by Dolph Schayes , Syracuse Nationals ( vs. Boston Celtics ) , 1959 Highest free throw percentage ( min .","15 attempts ) - 100 % by Michael Jordan , Chicago Bulls ( vs. Washington Bullets ) , 1997 ( 15 \/ 15 ) Most rebounds - 84 by Bill Russell , Boston Celtics ( vs. Syracuse Nationals ) , 1957 ( 28.0 rpg )","Most offensive rebounds - 28 by Moses Malone , Houston Rockets ( vs. Seattle SuperSonics ) , 1982","Most assists - 48 by Magic Johnson , Los Angeles Lakers ( vs. San Antonio Spurs ) , 1986 ( 16.0 apg )","Most steals - 13 by Clyde Drexler , Portland Trail Blazers ( vs. Dallas Mavericks ) , 1990 ; Hersey Hawkins , Philadelphia 76ers ( vs. Milwaukee Bucks ) , 1991 ( 4.3 spg )","Most blocks - 18 by Manute Bol , Golden State Warriors ( vs. Utah Jazz ) , 1989 ( 6.0 bpg )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3769715857135075997","input":"what is the relationship between measurement and quality control","passages":[{"title":"Metrology","text":"Metrology is the science of measurement . It establishes a common understanding of units , crucial in linking human activities . Modern metrology has its roots in the French Revolution 's political motivation to standardise units in France , when a length standard taken from a natural source was proposed . This led to the creation of the decimal - based metric system in 1795 , establishing a set of standards for other types of measurements . Several other countries adopted the metric system between 1795 and 1875 ; to ensure conformity between the countries , the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures ( BIPM ) was established by the Metre Convention . This has evolved into the International System of Units ( SI ) as a result of a resolution at the 11th Conference Generale des Poids et Mesures ( CGPM ) in 1960 .","sentences":["Metrology is the science of measurement .","It establishes a common understanding of units , crucial in linking human activities .","Modern metrology has its roots in the French Revolution 's political motivation to standardise units in France , when a length standard taken from a natural source was proposed .","This led to the creation of the decimal - based metric system in 1795 , establishing a set of standards for other types of measurements .","Several other countries adopted the metric system between 1795 and 1875 ; to ensure conformity between the countries , the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures ( BIPM ) was established by the Metre Convention .","This has evolved into the International System of Units ( SI ) as a result of a resolution at the 11th Conference Generale des Poids et Mesures ( CGPM ) in 1960 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2666269028465903750","input":"when did the british empire arrive in borneo","passages":[{"title":"British Borneo","text":"During the Second World War , the British realised they were unable to defend the colony from the powerful Imperial Japanese Navy . They destroyed the airfields , and especially the oil fields there and in Brunei before the Japanese landed on 16 December 1941 . The small British forces surrendered . In 1943 , the Chinese population of about 50,000 rebelled against Japan and seized some towns . They were overwhelmed with many executed . Australia sent special operation forces , which trained and armed local militia units and aided the landing of an Australian division in June 1945 . Japanese forces numbered about 31,000 , and held out until October 1945 , long after the Emperor had surrendered . Evolution","sentences":["During the Second World War , the British realised they were unable to defend the colony from the powerful Imperial Japanese Navy .","They destroyed the airfields , and especially the oil fields there and in Brunei before the Japanese landed on 16 December 1941 .","The small British forces surrendered .","In 1943 , the Chinese population of about 50,000 rebelled against Japan and seized some towns .","They were overwhelmed with many executed .","Australia sent special operation forces , which trained and armed local militia units and aided the landing of an Australian division in June 1945 .","Japanese forces numbered about 31,000 , and held out until October 1945 , long after the Emperor had surrendered .","Evolution"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7170112299877820143","input":"what do the signs on the teletubbies head mean","passages":[{"title":"Teletubbies","text":"Teletubbies has been aired in over 120 countries in 45 different languages . In the United States , the series airs on Nickelodeon as part of the Nick Jr. block . Episodes are also released through the Nick Jr. mobile application and on - demand services . The original series is available as part of the Noggin subscription service in North America . It had aired on PBS Kids until 2008 . BBC Worldwide channels carry the series in most of Africa , Asia and Poland . A Spanish dub airs on Clan in Spain . In Greece , the series airs on Nickelodeon Greece . NPO Zappelin carries the show in the Netherlands and MTVA airs it in Hungary . In Australia and New Zealand , the series airs on CBeebies Australia and ABC Kids . JimJam 's Benelux feed airs the series and Ultra airs it in Serbia . Teletubbies also airs on SIC in Portugal and e-Junior in the Middle East .","sentences":["Teletubbies has been aired in over 120 countries in 45 different languages .","In the United States , the series airs on Nickelodeon as part of the Nick Jr. block .","Episodes are also released through the Nick Jr. mobile application and on - demand services .","The original series is available as part of the Noggin subscription service in North America .","It had aired on PBS Kids until 2008 .","BBC Worldwide channels carry the series in most of Africa , Asia and Poland .","A Spanish dub airs on Clan in Spain .","In Greece , the series airs on Nickelodeon Greece .","NPO Zappelin carries the show in the Netherlands and MTVA airs it in Hungary .","In Australia and New Zealand , the series airs on CBeebies Australia and ABC Kids .","JimJam 's Benelux feed airs the series and Ultra airs it in Serbia .","Teletubbies also airs on SIC in Portugal and e-Junior in the Middle East ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2207806009409895141","input":"who hit the first double century in odi","passages":[{"title":"List of One Day International cricket double centuries","text":"List of One Day International cricket double centuries ( Men ) No . Runs Batsman S \/ R For Against ODI Venue Date 200 * Tendulkar , Sachin Sachin Tendulkar 136.05 India South Africa 2962 Captain Roop Singh Stadium , Gwalior , India 24 February 2010 219 Sehwag , Virender Virender Sehwag 146.98 India West Indies 3223 Holkar Stadium , Indore , India 8 December 2011 209 Sharma , Rohit Rohit Sharma 132.28 India Australia 3428 M. Chinnaswamy Stadium , Bangalore , India 2 November 2013 264 Sharma , Rohit Rohit Sharma 152.60 India Sri Lanka 3544 Eden Gardens , India 13 November 2014 215 Gayle , Chris Chris Gayle 146.30 West Indies Zimbabwe 3612 Manuka Oval , Canberra , Australia 24 February 2015 6 237 * Guptill , Martin Martin Guptill 145.40 New Zealand West Indies 3643 Wellington Regional Stadium , Wellington , New Zealand 22 March 2015 7 208 * Sharma , Rohit Rohit Sharma 135.95 India Sri Lanka 3941 Punjab Cricket Association IS Bindra Stadium , Mohali , India 13 December 2017","sentences":["List of One Day International cricket double centuries ( Men )","No .","Runs Batsman S \/ R For Against ODI Venue Date 200 *","Tendulkar , Sachin Sachin Tendulkar 136.05 India South Africa 2962","Captain Roop Singh Stadium , Gwalior , India 24 February 2010 219 Sehwag , Virender Virender Sehwag 146.98 India West Indies 3223 Holkar Stadium , Indore , India 8 December 2011 209 Sharma , Rohit Rohit Sharma 132.28 India Australia 3428 M. Chinnaswamy Stadium , Bangalore , India 2 November 2013 264 Sharma , Rohit Rohit Sharma 152.60 India Sri Lanka 3544 Eden Gardens , India 13 November 2014 215 Gayle , Chris Chris Gayle 146.30 West Indies Zimbabwe 3612 Manuka Oval , Canberra , Australia 24 February 2015 6 237 *","Guptill , Martin Martin Guptill 145.40 New Zealand West Indies 3643 Wellington Regional Stadium , Wellington , New Zealand 22","March 2015 7 208 * Sharma , Rohit Rohit Sharma 135.95 India Sri Lanka 3941 Punjab Cricket Association IS Bindra Stadium , Mohali , India 13 December 2017"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8133069245664179914","input":"who sang oh happy day in sister act","passages":[{"title":"Ryan Toby","text":"While enjoying the success of working on the Will Smith project , Ryan ran into his old manager Marvin Thompson again . Thompson was working with an artist signed to Wyclef Jean 's Booga Basement \/ Interscope Records label . Jean invited Ryan to sign with his label when his deal with Jazzy Jeff expired . Ryan was partnered with Robby Pardlo by Thompson . Nevertheless , Wyclef heard a female voice on some of their demos , Claudette Ortiz . Wyclef decided that he wanted Ortiz to join the group so he could create another Fugees . Ryan , Robby & Claudette named the group City High . The self - titled debut album released in 2001 garnered a Grammy Nomination . The albums sold millions worldwide and the threesome toured for approximately two years .","sentences":["While enjoying the success of working on the Will Smith project , Ryan ran into his old manager Marvin Thompson again .","Thompson was working with an artist signed to Wyclef Jean 's Booga Basement \/ Interscope Records label .","Jean invited Ryan to sign with his label when his deal with Jazzy Jeff expired .","Ryan was partnered with Robby Pardlo by Thompson .","Nevertheless , Wyclef heard a female voice on some of their demos , Claudette Ortiz .","Wyclef decided that he wanted Ortiz to join the group so he could create another Fugees .","Ryan , Robby & Claudette named the group City High .","The self - titled debut album released in 2001 garnered a Grammy Nomination .","The albums sold millions worldwide and the threesome toured for approximately two years ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5240634926176623359","input":"who took part in the first olympic games","passages":[{"title":"Olympic Games","text":"The advent of the state - sponsored `` full - time amateur athlete '' of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur , as it put the self - financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage . The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students , soldiers , or working in a profession , but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full - time basis . As a result , the Olympics has shifted away from pure amateurism , as envisioned by Coubertin , to allowing participation of professional athletes . The growing importance of mass media created the issue of corporate sponsorship and commercialisation of the Games . World wars led to the cancellation of the 1916 , 1940 , and 1944 Games . Large boycotts during the Cold War limited participation in the 1980 and 1984 Games . The latter , however , attracted 140 National Olympic Committees , which was a record at the time .","sentences":["The advent of the state - sponsored `` full - time amateur athlete '' of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur , as it put the self - financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage .","The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students , soldiers , or working in a profession , but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full - time basis .","As a result , the Olympics has shifted away from pure amateurism , as envisioned by Coubertin , to allowing participation of professional athletes .","The growing importance of mass media created the issue of corporate sponsorship and commercialisation of the Games .","World wars led to the cancellation of the 1916 , 1940 , and 1944 Games .","Large boycotts during the Cold War limited participation in the 1980 and 1984 Games .","The latter , however , attracted 140 National Olympic Committees , which was a record at the time ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8591256008577930087","input":"where was karate kid with jaden smith filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Karate Kid (2010 film)","text":"Despite Han 's insistence that he has earned respect for his performance , Dre convinces Han to mend his leg by using fire cupping in order to continue . Dre returns to the arena , facing Cheng in the final . Dre delivers impressive blows , but Li orders Cheng to break Dre 's leg . Cheng is horrified at the order , but obeys under Li 's intimidation . As the match continues , Cheng seizes Dre 's leg and delivers a vicious blow , doing further damage . Dre struggles to get up , and attempts the reflection technique to manipulate Cheng into changing his attack stance . Cheng begins reflecting Dre 's movements and it goads him into charging Dre , but Dre flips and catches Cheng with a kick to his head , winning the tournament along with the respect of Cheng and his classmates . Cheng , instead of the presenter , awards Dre the trophy , and the Fighting Dragon students bow to Mr. Han in respect , accepting him as their new master .","sentences":["Despite Han 's insistence that he has earned respect for his performance , Dre convinces Han to mend his leg by using fire cupping in order to continue .","Dre returns to the arena , facing Cheng in the final .","Dre delivers impressive blows , but Li orders Cheng to break Dre 's leg .","Cheng is horrified at the order , but obeys under Li 's intimidation .","As the match continues , Cheng seizes Dre 's leg and delivers a vicious blow , doing further damage .","Dre struggles to get up , and attempts the reflection technique to manipulate Cheng into changing his attack stance .","Cheng begins reflecting Dre 's movements and it goads him into charging Dre , but Dre flips and catches Cheng with a kick to his head , winning the tournament along with the respect of Cheng and his classmates .","Cheng , instead of the presenter , awards Dre the trophy , and the Fighting Dragon students bow to Mr. Han in respect , accepting him as their new master ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1092536378794046880","input":"what is the significance of the jazz age","passages":[{"title":"Jazz Age","text":"Jazz music originated in New Orleans in the `` sub-style '' of Dixieland Jazz . Jazz is the hybrid of African and European influence . From African influence , jazz got its rhythm , `` blues '' quality , and traditions of playing or singing in one 's own expressive way . From European influence , jazz got its harmony and instruments ( saxophone , trumpet , piano , etc . ) . Both influences used improvisation which became a large part of jazz . New Orleans provided a great opportunity for such an occurrence because it was a port city , with many different cultures and beliefs intertwined . While in New Orleans , jazz gained influence from creole , ragtime , and most importantly blues music . Two important aspects of jazz are swing and improvisation . The famous jazz trumpeter Louis Armstrong 's most influential impact upon jazz was bringing an improvisational soloist to the forefront of a piece . The birth of jazz music is credited to African Americans , but expanded and over time became modified to become socially acceptable to middle - class white Americans . Those critical of jazz saw it as music from people with no training or skill . White performers were used as a vehicle for the popularization of jazz music in America . Even though the jazz movement was taken over by the middle - class white population , it facilitated the mesh of African American traditions and ideals with white middle - class society . Cities like New York and Chicago were cultural centers for jazz , and especially for African - American artists . People who were not familiar with jazz music could not recognize it by the way Africans Americans wrote it . Furthermore , the way African - American writers wrote about jazz music made it seem as though it was not a cultural achievement of the race .","sentences":["Jazz music originated in New Orleans in the `` sub-style '' of Dixieland Jazz .","Jazz is the hybrid of African and European influence .","From African influence , jazz got its rhythm , `` blues '' quality , and traditions of playing or singing in one 's own expressive way .","From European influence , jazz got its harmony and instruments ( saxophone , trumpet , piano , etc . ) .","Both influences used improvisation which became a large part of jazz .","New Orleans provided a great opportunity for such an occurrence because it was a port city , with many different cultures and beliefs intertwined .","While in New Orleans , jazz gained influence from creole , ragtime , and most importantly blues music .","Two important aspects of jazz are swing and improvisation .","The famous jazz trumpeter Louis Armstrong 's most influential impact upon jazz was bringing an improvisational soloist to the forefront of a piece .","The birth of jazz music is credited to African Americans , but expanded and over time became modified to become socially acceptable to middle - class white Americans .","Those critical of jazz saw it as music from people with no training or skill .","White performers were used as a vehicle for the popularization of jazz music in America .","Even though the jazz movement was taken over by the middle - class white population , it facilitated the mesh of African American traditions and ideals with white middle - class society .","Cities like New York and Chicago were cultural centers for jazz , and especially for African - American artists .","People who were not familiar with jazz music could not recognize it by the way Africans Americans wrote it .","Furthermore , the way African - American writers wrote about jazz music made it seem as though it was not a cultural achievement of the race ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7923593137192897368","input":"does colleen become the iron fist in the comics","passages":[{"title":"Colleen Wing","text":"Following Daredevil 's takeover of Hell 's Kitchen during the `` Shadowland '' storyline , Misty , Colleen Wing , Iron Fist , Luke Cage , and Shang - Chi confront him in attempt to stop him without violence . After a commotion happens elsewhere in his castle , he attacks the group , believing they are responsible . Days after the fight , Colleen is contacted by Daredevil , offering information about her mother . Upon visiting him again , he reveals to her that her mother actually led a resurrected Hand group of all swordswomen called `` the Nail '' . Colleen 's mother and the Nail were eventually assassinated by one of The Hand 's enemies . Daredevil then asks her to lead a new incarnation of the group . She eventually accepts and meets the Nail consisting of Black Lotus , Cherry Blossom , Makro , and Yuki . Colleen later betrays the Nail and has to defend herself against them .","sentences":["Following Daredevil 's takeover of Hell 's Kitchen during the `` Shadowland '' storyline , Misty , Colleen Wing , Iron Fist , Luke Cage , and Shang - Chi confront him in attempt to stop him without violence .","After a commotion happens elsewhere in his castle , he attacks the group , believing they are responsible .","Days after the fight , Colleen is contacted by Daredevil , offering information about her mother .","Upon visiting him again , he reveals to her that her mother actually led a resurrected Hand group of all swordswomen called `` the Nail '' .","Colleen 's mother and the Nail were eventually assassinated by one of The Hand 's enemies .","Daredevil then asks her to lead a new incarnation of the group .","She eventually accepts and meets the Nail consisting of Black Lotus , Cherry Blossom , Makro , and Yuki .","Colleen later betrays the Nail and has to defend herself against them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8921033735579869080","input":"how might one kind of crayfish become an invasive organism","passages":[{"title":"Zebra mussel","text":"The zebra mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha ) is a small freshwater mussel . This species was originally native to the lakes of southern Russia and Ukraine , being first described in 1769 by the German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in the Ural , Volga , and Dnieper rivers . However , the zebra mussel has been accidentally introduced to numerous other areas , and has become an invasive species in many countries worldwide . Since the 1980s , they have invaded the Great Lakes and the Hudson River . They are commonly found on the bottom of ships and eat the algae that is food for fish . Inspectors check ships for the mussels before they leave port . Scientists are trying to control the mussels .","sentences":["The zebra mussel ( Dreissena polymorpha ) is a small freshwater mussel .","This species was originally native to the lakes of southern Russia and Ukraine , being first described in 1769 by the German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in the Ural , Volga , and Dnieper rivers .","However , the zebra mussel has been accidentally introduced to numerous other areas , and has become an invasive species in many countries worldwide .","Since the 1980s , they have invaded the Great Lakes and the Hudson River .","They are commonly found on the bottom of ships and eat the algae that is food for fish .","Inspectors check ships for the mussels before they leave port .","Scientists are trying to control the mussels ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"926810112841282468","input":"where were the fishing grounds that the andrea gail fished from for their first outing","passages":[{"title":"The Perfect Storm (film)","text":"George Clooney as Frank William `` Billy '' Tyne , Jr. , captain of the Andrea Gail , a swordfishing boat . Billy is a divorced father of two daughters , who is determined to undertake one last fishing trip before the end of the season to make up for a recent string of poor catches . Mark Wahlberg as Robert `` Bobby '' Shatford , the least experienced of the crew of the Andrea Gail . Bobby is the son of Ethel Shatford , the owner of the Crow 's Nest , and boyfriend to Chris Cotter . He enjoys commercial fishing , but his deepening relationship with Chris ( coupled with her reluctance to let him sail again ) creates conflict within himself and between the couple . Yet , he is compelled by the potential to earn more money at sea than he could make with a job on shore to sign on for one last trip . Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio as Linda Greenlaw , the captain of the Hannah Boden . Linda and Billy both captain ships for the same owner and maintain a friendly rivalry . She is concerned about Billy and his crew 's going out in what she considers dangerous weather . Linda is the last to speak to the Andrea Gail . Diane Lane as Christina `` Chris '' Cotter , girlfriend of Bobby Shatford . She does not want Bobby to go on the trip because of a bad feeling she has about it . She spends her time during the last fishing trip decorating an apartment she has rented as a surprise for Bobby to symbolize her commitment to him . John C. Reilly as Dale `` Murph '' Murphy , crewmember on the Andrea Gail . Murph is a veteran fisherman who is divorced with a son with whom he 's very involved . Murph has a rocky relationship with crewmember David `` Sully '' Sullivan that is eventually resolved during the trip . William Fichtner as David `` Sully '' Sullivan , crewmember on the Andrea Gail . He signed on for the trip at the last minute when another fisherman suddenly backed out . Sully and Murph initially have an antagonistic relationship that is fueled in part by Sully 's past involvement with Murph 's ex-wife , although the details are not made clear in the film . The relationship is eventually resolved during the trip . Michael Ironside as Bob Brown , owner of the Andrea Gail and the Hannah Boden . Although Brown seems to harbor a deep - seated recognition of Tyne 's skills at catching fish , he nevertheless pressures Tyne over the latter 's recent inability to bring in larger hauls , resulting in an uneasy relationship between the two . Bob Gunton as Alexander McAnally III , owner of the Mistral , a yacht caught in the storm . Karen Allen as Melissa Brown , crewmember on the Mistral . Cherry Jones as Edie Bailey , crewmember on the Mistral . Allen Payne as Alfred Pierre , one of the crew of the Andrea Gail . John Hawkes as Michael `` Bugsy '' Moran , a member of the Andrea Gail crew . Bugsy 's somewhat comic inability to connect with women appears to change on the eve of the trip , when he meets a divorced mother at the Crow 's Nest , who later comes to the dock to see him off . They hint at the prospect of a budding relationship that fatefully never materializes . Janet Wright as Ethel Shatford , Bobby 's mother . Christopher McDonald as Todd Gross , a Boston meteorologist working for the WNEV - TV ( the present day WHDH - TV ) . Dash Mihok as Sergeant Jeremy Mitchell , a crewmember on the New York Air National Guard rescue helicopter .","sentences":["George Clooney as Frank William `` Billy '' Tyne , Jr. , captain of the Andrea Gail , a swordfishing boat .","Billy is a divorced father of two daughters , who is determined to undertake one last fishing trip before the end of the season to make up for a recent string of poor catches .","Mark Wahlberg as Robert `` Bobby '' Shatford , the least experienced of the crew of the Andrea Gail .","Bobby is the son of Ethel Shatford , the owner of the Crow 's Nest , and boyfriend to Chris Cotter .","He enjoys commercial fishing , but his deepening relationship with Chris ( coupled with her reluctance to let him sail again ) creates conflict within himself and between the couple .","Yet , he is compelled by the potential to earn more money at sea than he could make with a job on shore to sign on for one last trip .","Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio as Linda Greenlaw , the captain of the Hannah Boden .","Linda and Billy both captain ships for the same owner and maintain a friendly rivalry .","She is concerned about Billy and his crew 's going out in what she considers dangerous weather .","Linda is the last to speak to the Andrea Gail .","Diane Lane as Christina `` Chris '' Cotter , girlfriend of Bobby Shatford .","She does not want Bobby to go on the trip because of a bad feeling she has about it .","She spends her time during the last fishing trip decorating an apartment she has rented as a surprise for Bobby to symbolize her commitment to him .","John C. Reilly as Dale `` Murph '' Murphy , crewmember on the Andrea Gail .","Murph is a veteran fisherman who is divorced with a son with whom he 's very involved .","Murph has a rocky relationship with crewmember David `` Sully '' Sullivan that is eventually resolved during the trip .","William Fichtner as David `` Sully '' Sullivan , crewmember on the Andrea Gail .","He signed on for the trip at the last minute when another fisherman suddenly backed out .","Sully and Murph initially have an antagonistic relationship that is fueled in part by Sully 's past involvement with Murph 's ex-wife , although the details are not made clear in the film .","The relationship is eventually resolved during the trip .","Michael Ironside as Bob Brown , owner of the Andrea Gail and the Hannah Boden .","Although Brown seems to harbor a deep - seated recognition of Tyne 's skills at catching fish , he nevertheless pressures Tyne over the latter 's recent inability to bring in larger hauls , resulting in an uneasy relationship between the two .","Bob Gunton as Alexander McAnally III , owner of the Mistral , a yacht caught in the storm .","Karen Allen as Melissa Brown , crewmember on the Mistral .","Cherry Jones as Edie Bailey , crewmember on the Mistral .","Allen Payne as Alfred Pierre , one of the crew of the Andrea Gail .","John Hawkes as Michael `` Bugsy '' Moran , a member of the Andrea Gail crew .","Bugsy 's somewhat comic inability to connect with women appears to change on the eve of the trip , when he meets a divorced mother at the Crow 's Nest , who later comes to the dock to see him off .","They hint at the prospect of a budding relationship that fatefully never materializes .","Janet Wright as Ethel Shatford , Bobby 's mother .","Christopher McDonald as Todd Gross , a Boston meteorologist working for the WNEV - TV ( the present day WHDH - TV ) .","Dash Mihok as Sergeant Jeremy Mitchell , a crewmember on the New York Air National Guard rescue helicopter ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2943775491104483054","input":"when does flash season 4 come out on sky 1","passages":[{"title":"The Flash (2014 TV series)","text":"On April 19 , 2016 , a four - episode series of shorts , titled Chronicles of Cisco , premiered . The series , which was presented by AT&T , features Valdes and Britne Oldford reprise their role as Cisco Ramon and Shawna Baez \/ Peek - a-Boo , respectively . Set in the second season of the television series , the series sees Cisco attempting to make the Flash suit bulletproof and body - odor proof . While working on these , he receives a late - night Meta - Human Alert within S.T.A.R. Labs , and learns that Peek - a-Boo triggered the alert . She has come to S.T.A.R. Labs to make Cisco create a weapon for her , as he did for Golden Glider , Captain Cold , and Heatwave . When he does not cooperate , she shoots him . Cisco survives being shot , realizing that the orange soda he spilt on his shirt was the missing catalyst to his bulletproof formula . Cisco tries to bring Peek - a-Boo back to the pipeline , but she locks him in the cell instead . Cisco is then seen being woken up due to a call from Barry . He believes he dreamt the whole experience , until he finds the bullet that shot him on the ground .","sentences":["On April 19 , 2016 , a four - episode series of shorts , titled Chronicles of Cisco , premiered .","The series , which was presented by AT&T , features Valdes and Britne Oldford reprise their role as Cisco Ramon and Shawna Baez \/ Peek - a-Boo , respectively .","Set in the second season of the television series , the series sees Cisco attempting to make the Flash suit bulletproof and body - odor proof .","While working on these , he receives a late - night Meta - Human Alert within S.T.A.R. Labs , and learns that Peek - a-Boo triggered the alert .","She has come to S.T.A.R. Labs to make Cisco create a weapon for her , as he did for Golden Glider , Captain Cold , and Heatwave .","When he does not cooperate , she shoots him .","Cisco survives being shot , realizing that the orange soda he spilt on his shirt was the missing catalyst to his bulletproof formula .","Cisco tries to bring Peek - a-Boo back to the pipeline , but she locks him in the cell instead .","Cisco is then seen being woken up due to a call from Barry .","He believes he dreamt the whole experience , until he finds the bullet that shot him on the ground ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"953597015657644929","input":"meaning of the song we didnt start the fire","passages":[{"title":"We Didn't Start the Fire","text":"Harry Truman was inaugurated as U.S. president after being elected in 1948 to his second and final presidential term ; previously he was sworn in following the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt . He authorized the use of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan during World War II , on August 6 and 9 , 1945 , respectively . Doris Day enters the public spotlight with the films My Dream Is Yours and It 's a Great Feeling as well as popular songs like `` It 's Magic '' . Red China : The Communist Party of China wins the Chinese Civil War , establishing the People 's Republic of China . Johnnie Ray signs his first recording contract with Okeh Records , although he would not become popular for another two years . South Pacific , the prize - winning musical , opens on Broadway on April 7 . Walter Winchell is an aggressive radio and newspaper journalist credited with inventing the gossip column . Joe DiMaggio and the New York Yankees go to five World Series in the 1940s , winning four of them .","sentences":["Harry Truman was inaugurated as U.S. president after being elected in 1948 to his second and final presidential term ; previously he was sworn in following the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt .","He authorized the use of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan during World War II , on August 6 and 9 , 1945 , respectively .","Doris Day enters the public spotlight with the films My Dream Is Yours and It 's a Great Feeling as well as popular songs like `` It 's Magic '' .","Red China :","The Communist Party of China wins the Chinese Civil War , establishing the People 's Republic of China .","Johnnie Ray signs his first recording contract with Okeh Records , although he would not become popular for another two years .","South Pacific , the prize - winning musical , opens on Broadway on April 7 .","Walter Winchell is an aggressive radio and newspaper journalist credited with inventing the gossip column .","Joe DiMaggio and the New York Yankees go to five World Series in the 1940s , winning four of them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1394587349645743559","input":"what are the most widely used languages in the world","passages":[{"title":"List of languages by number of native speakers","text":"Top languages by population per Nationalencyklopedin Rank Language Native speakers in millions 2007 ( 2010 ) Fraction of world population ( 2007 ) Mandarin ( entire branch ) 935 ( 955 ) 14.1 % Spanish 390 ( 405 ) 5.85 % English 365 ( 360 ) 5.52 % Hindi 295 ( 310 ) 4.46 % 5 Arabic 280 ( 295 ) 4.23 % 6 Portuguese 205 ( 215 ) 3.08 % 7 Bengali ( Bangla ) 200 ( 205 ) 3.05 % 8 Russian 160 ( 155 ) 2.42 % 9 Japanese 125 ( 125 ) 1.92 % 10 Punjabi 95 ( 100 ) 1.44 % 11 German 92 ( 95 ) 1.39 % 12 Javanese 82 1.25 % 13 Wu ( e.g. Shanghainese ) 80 1.20 % 14 Malay ( inc . Malaysian and Indonesian ) 77 1.16 % 15 Telugu 76 1.15 % 16 Vietnamese 76 1.14 % 17 Korean 76 1.14 % 18 French 75 1.12 % 19 Marathi 73 1.10 % 20 Tamil 70 1.06 % 21 Urdu 66 0.99 % 22 Turkish 63 0.95 % 23 Italian 59 0.90 % 24 Yue ( incl . Cantonese ) 59 0.89 % 25 Thai 56 0.85 % 26 Gujarati 49 0.74 % 27 Jin 48 0.72 % 28 Southern Min ( incl . Hokkien and Teochew ) 47 0.71 % 29 Persian 45 0.68 % 30 Polish 40 0.61 % 31 Pashto 39 0.58 % 32 Kannada 38 0.58 % 33 Xiang ( Hunanese ) 38 0.58 % 34 Malayalam 38 0.57 % 35 Sundanese 38 0.57 % 36 Hausa 34 0.52 % 37 Odia ( Oriya ) 33 0.50 % 38 Burmese 33 0.50 % 39 Hakka 31 0.46 % 40 Ukrainian 30 0.46 % 41 Bhojpuri 29 0.43 % 42 Tagalog ( Filipino ) 28 0.42 % 43 Yoruba 28 0.42 % 44 Maithili 27 0.41 % 45 Uzbek 26 0.39 % 46 Sindhi 26 0.39 % 47 Amharic 25 0.37 % 48 Fula 24 0.37 % 49 Romanian 24 0.37 % 50 Oromo 24 0.36 % 51 Igbo 24 0.36 % 52 Azerbaijani 23 0.34 % 53 Awadhi 22 0.33 % 54 Gan Chinese 22 0.33 % 55 Cebuano ( Visayan ) 21 0.32 % 56 Dutch 21 0.32 % 57 Kurdish 21 0.31 % 58 Serbo - Croatian 19 0.28 % 59 Malagasy 18 0.28 % 60 Saraiki 17 0.26 % 61 Nepali 17 0.25 % 62 Sinhalese 16 0.25 % 63 Chittagonian 16 0.24 % 64 Zhuang 16 0.24 % 65 Khmer 16 0.24 % 66 Turkmen 16 0.24 % 67 Assamese 15 0.23 % 68 Madurese 15 0.23 % 69 Somali 15 0.22 % 70 Marwari 14 0.21 % 71 Magahi 14 0.21 % 72 Haryanvi 14 0.21 % 73 Hungarian 13 0.19 % 74 Chhattisgarhi 12 0.19 % 75 Greek 12 0.18 % 76 Chewa 12 0.17 % 77 Deccan 11 0.17 % 78 Akan 11 0.17 % 79 Kazakh 11 0.17 % 80 Northern Min 10.9 0.16 % 81 Sylheti 10.7 0.16 % 82 Zulu 10.4 0.16 % 83 Czech 10.0 0.15 % 84 Kinyarwanda 9.8 0.15 % 85 Dhundhari 9.6 0.15 % 86 Haitian Creole 9.6 0.15 % 87 Eastern Min ( inc . Fuzhounese ) 9.5 0.14 % 88 Ilocano 9.1 0.14 % 89 Quechua 8.9 0.13 % 90 Kirundi 8.8 0.13 % 91 Swedish 8.7 0.13 % 92 Hmong 8.4 0.13 % 93 Shona 8.3 0.13 % 94 Uyghur 8.2 0.12 % 95 Hiligaynon \/ Ilonggo ( Visayan ) 8.2 0.12 % 96 Mossi 7.6 0.11 % 97 Xhosa 7.6 0.11 % 98 Belarusian 7.6 0.11 % 99 Balochi 7.6 0.11 % 100 Konkani 7.4 0.11 % Total 5,610 85 %","sentences":["Top languages by population per Nationalencyklopedin Rank Language Native speakers in millions 2007 ( 2010 ) Fraction of world population ( 2007 )","Mandarin ( entire branch ) 935 ( 955 ) 14.1 % Spanish 390 ( 405 )","5.85 % English 365 ( 360 ) 5.52 %","Hindi 295 ( 310 ) 4.46 % 5 Arabic 280 ( 295 ) 4.23 % 6 Portuguese 205","( 215 ) 3.08 % 7 Bengali ( Bangla )","200 ( 205 ) 3.05 % 8 Russian 160 ( 155 ) 2.42 % 9 Japanese 125","( 125 ) 1.92 % 10 Punjabi 95 ( 100 ) 1.44 % 11 German 92 ( 95 ) 1.39 % 12 Javanese 82 1.25 % 13 Wu ( e.g. Shanghainese ) 80 1.20 % 14 Malay ( inc .","Malaysian and Indonesian )","77 1.16 % 15 Telugu 76 1.15 % 16 Vietnamese 76 1.14 % 17 Korean 76 1.14 % 18 French 75 1.12 % 19 Marathi 73 1.10 % 20 Tamil 70 1.06 % 21 Urdu 66 0.99 % 22 Turkish 63 0.95 %","23 Italian 59 0.90 % 24 Yue ( incl .","Cantonese ) 59 0.89 % 25 Thai 56 0.85 % 26 Gujarati 49 0.74 % 27 Jin 48 0.72 %","28 Southern Min ( incl .","Hokkien and Teochew ) 47 0.71 % 29 Persian 45 0.68 % 30 Polish 40 0.61 % 31 Pashto 39 0.58 % 32 Kannada 38 0.58 % 33 Xiang ( Hunanese ) 38 0.58 % 34 Malayalam 38 0.57 % 35 Sundanese 38 0.57 % 36 Hausa 34 0.52 % 37 Odia ( Oriya ) 33 0.50 % 38 Burmese 33 0.50 % 39 Hakka 31 0.46 % 40 Ukrainian 30 0.46 % 41 Bhojpuri 29 0.43 % 42 Tagalog ( Filipino ) 28 0.42 % 43 Yoruba 28 0.42 % 44 Maithili 27 0.41 % 45 Uzbek 26 0.39 % 46 Sindhi 26 0.39 % 47 Amharic 25 0.37 % 48 Fula 24 0.37 % 49 Romanian 24 0.37 % 50 Oromo 24 0.36 % 51 Igbo 24 0.36 % 52 Azerbaijani 23 0.34 % 53 Awadhi 22 0.33 % 54 Gan Chinese 22 0.33 % 55 Cebuano ( Visayan ) 21 0.32 % 56 Dutch 21 0.32 %","57 Kurdish 21 0.31 % 58 Serbo - Croatian 19 0.28 %","59 Malagasy 18 0.28 % 60 Saraiki 17 0.26 % 61 Nepali 17 0.25 % 62 Sinhalese 16 0.25 % 63 Chittagonian 16 0.24 % 64 Zhuang 16 0.24 % 65 Khmer 16 0.24 % 66 Turkmen 16 0.24 % 67 Assamese 15 0.23 % 68 Madurese 15 0.23 %","69 Somali 15 0.22 % 70 Marwari 14 0.21 % 71 Magahi 14 0.21 % 72 Haryanvi 14 0.21 % 73 Hungarian 13 0.19 % 74 Chhattisgarhi 12 0.19 %","75 Greek 12 0.18 % 76 Chewa 12 0.17 % 77 Deccan 11 0.17 % 78 Akan 11 0.17 % 79 Kazakh 11 0.17 % 80 Northern Min 10.9 0.16 % 81 Sylheti 10.7","0.16 % 82 Zulu 10.4 0.16 % 83 Czech 10.0 0.15 % 84","Kinyarwanda 9.8 0.15 % 85 Dhundhari 9.6 0.15 % 86 Haitian Creole 9.6 0.15 %","87 Eastern Min ( inc .","Fuzhounese ) 9.5 0.14 % 88 Ilocano 9.1 0.14 % 89 Quechua 8.9","0.13 % 90 Kirundi 8.8 0.13 % 91 Swedish 8.7 0.13 % 92 Hmong 8.4 0.13 % 93 Shona 8.3 0.13 % 94","Uyghur 8.2 0.12 % 95 Hiligaynon \/ Ilonggo ( Visayan ) 8.2 0.12 % 96 Mossi 7.6 0.11 % 97 Xhosa 7.6 0.11 % 98 Belarusian 7.6 0.11 %","99 Balochi 7.6 0.11 % 100 Konkani 7.4 0.11 % Total 5,610 85 %"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"122487947283863228","input":"where did the jeopardy theme song come from","passages":[{"title":"Jeopardy!","text":"Griffin was the daily syndicated version 's executive producer until his retirement in 2000 . Trebek served as producer as well as host until 1987 , when he began hosting NBC 's Classic Concentration for the next four years . At that time , he handed producer duties to George Vosburgh , who had formerly produced The All - New Jeopardy !. In the 1997 -- 1998 season , Vosburgh was succeeded as producer by Harry Friedman , Lisa Finneran , and Rocky Schmidt . Beginning in 1999 , Friedman became executive producer , and Gary Johnson became the show 's new third producer . In the 2006 -- 2007 season , Deb Dittmann and Brett Schneider became the producers , and Finneran , Schmidt , and Johnson were promoted to supervising producers .","sentences":["Griffin was the daily syndicated version 's executive producer until his retirement in 2000 .","Trebek served as producer as well as host until 1987 , when he began hosting NBC 's Classic Concentration for the next four years .","At that time , he handed producer duties to George Vosburgh , who had formerly produced The All - New Jeopardy !.","In the 1997 -- 1998 season , Vosburgh was succeeded as producer by Harry Friedman , Lisa Finneran , and Rocky Schmidt .","Beginning in 1999 , Friedman became executive producer , and Gary Johnson became the show 's new third producer .","In the 2006 -- 2007 season , Deb Dittmann and Brett Schneider became the producers , and Finneran , Schmidt , and Johnson were promoted to supervising producers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2776637862523984289","input":"difference between medium and higher level of occupation","passages":[{"title":"High- and low-level","text":"Climate is a high - level description of the actions of the atmosphere and oceans . Physics of water and gas molecules is a low - level description of the same system . The instruction `` write a creative poem on love '' is a high - level instruction . The instruction `` tighten the tendons in the dominant wrist to grip the pen '' is a low - level description of an activity within that . `` Wikipedia is an encyclopedia '' is a high - level description compared to `` Wikipedia is a collection of textual articles on many topics '' . The former reflects a higher level view of organization , purpose , concept and structure , but does not explain what Wikipedia physically is . The latter is more detailed as to what exactly Wikipedia contains and how it 's made up , but does n't explain what its overall purpose and goals are . These are typical features of high - level and low - level descriptions .","sentences":["Climate is a high - level description of the actions of the atmosphere and oceans .","Physics of water and gas molecules is a low - level description of the same system .","The instruction `` write a creative poem on love '' is a high - level instruction .","The instruction `` tighten the tendons in the dominant wrist to grip the pen '' is a low - level description of an activity within that .","`` Wikipedia is an encyclopedia '' is a high - level description compared to `` Wikipedia is a collection of textual articles on many topics '' .","The former reflects a higher level view of organization , purpose , concept and structure , but does not explain what Wikipedia physically is .","The latter is more detailed as to what exactly Wikipedia contains and how it 's made up , but does n't explain what its overall purpose and goals are .","These are typical features of high - level and low - level descriptions ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3613107794406032627","input":"where does ham come from on a pig diagram","passages":[{"title":"Ham hock","text":"Ham hocks are essential ingredients for the distinct flavor in soul food and other forms of American Southern country cooking . In the Mid-Atlantic States , in rural regions settled by the Pennsylvania Dutch , hocks are a commonly used ingredient for making a kind of meat loaf called scrapple . Eisbein is the name of the joint in north German , and at the same time the name of a dish of roasted ham hock , called Schweinshaxe in Bavaria , Stelze in Austria and W\u00e4dli in Switzerland . Golonka is a very popular Polish barbecued dish using this cut . Ham hocks are also popular when boiled with escarole , more commonly called endives , in Italian - American cuisine . Fl\u00e4skl\u00e4gg med rotmos is a Swedish dish consisting of cured ham hocks and a mash of rutabaga and potatoes , served with sweet mustard . In Canada , and particularly Montreal , ham hocks are referred to as `` pigs ' knuckles '' and are served in bistros and taverns with baked beans . In northern Italy ham hocks are referred to as stinco , and is often served roast whole with sauerkraut .","sentences":["Ham hocks are essential ingredients for the distinct flavor in soul food and other forms of American Southern country cooking .","In the Mid-Atlantic States , in rural regions settled by the Pennsylvania Dutch , hocks are a commonly used ingredient for making a kind of meat loaf called scrapple .","Eisbein is the name of the joint in north German , and at the same time the name of a dish of roasted ham hock , called Schweinshaxe in Bavaria , Stelze in Austria and W\u00e4dli in Switzerland .","Golonka is a very popular Polish barbecued dish using this cut .","Ham hocks are also popular when boiled with escarole , more commonly called endives , in Italian - American cuisine .","Fl\u00e4skl\u00e4gg med rotmos is a Swedish dish consisting of cured ham hocks and a mash of rutabaga and potatoes , served with sweet mustard .","In Canada , and particularly Montreal , ham hocks are referred to as `` pigs ' knuckles '' and are served in bistros and taverns with baked beans .","In northern Italy ham hocks are referred to as stinco , and is often served roast whole with sauerkraut ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"788674209413914235","input":"where is the church of philadelphia located today","passages":[{"title":"Ala\u015fehir","text":"Ala\u015fehir Town Location of Ala\u015fehir within Turkey . Ala\u015fehir Location of Ala\u015fehir within Turkey . Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 21 \u2032 N 28 \u00b0 31 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.350 \u00b0 N 28.517 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 38.350 ; 28.517 Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 21 \u2032 N 28 \u00b0 31 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.350 \u00b0 N 28.517 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ 38.350 ; 28.517 Country Turkey Region Aegean Province Manisa Area District 1,015.26 km ( 391.99 sq mi ) Population ( 2012 ) Urban 48,147 District 99,145 District density 98 \/ km ( 250 \/ sq mi ) Time zone EET ( UTC + 2 ) Summer ( DST ) EEST ( UTC + 3 ) Licence plate 45 Website http:\/\/www.alasehir.bel.tr\/","sentences":["Ala\u015fehir Town Location of Ala\u015fehir within Turkey .","Ala\u015fehir Location of Ala\u015fehir within Turkey .","Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 21 \u2032 N 28 \u00b0 31 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.350 \u00b0 N 28.517 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 38.350 ; 28.517 Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 21 \u2032 N 28 \u00b0 31 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.350 \u00b0 N 28.517 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ 38.350 ; 28.517 Country Turkey Region Aegean Province Manisa Area District 1,015.26 km ( 391.99 sq mi ) Population ( 2012 )","Urban 48,147 District 99,145 District density 98 \/ km ( 250 \/ sq mi ) Time zone EET ( UTC + 2 ) Summer ( DST ) EEST ( UTC + 3 )","Licence plate 45 Website http:\/\/www.alasehir.bel.tr\/"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-68661876091294132","input":"does the govenor die in the walking dead","passages":[{"title":"The Governor (The Walking Dead)","text":"When the dead began to rise , Brian and Philip gathered a small group , which included Brian 's niece Penny , and the group were constantly on the run when unsecured locations were breached ; the planned community called the Wiltshire Estates , where Rick 's group coincidentally stayed , was one of these . Eventually , Brian 's group came upon Woodbury , Georgia , a ravaged town being led by a group of National Guardsmen under Major Gene Gavin , who used fear to assert his authority . After becoming the last of his group , Brian rallied the townspeople against Gavin and the Guardsmen and afterward declared himself `` Governor '' of the four blocks making up the settlement . Initially appearing to be a fair and strong leader , he became increasingly more ruthless and power - hungry . He kept the zombified Penny tied up in his apartment , feeding her severed body parts of those who displeased him . The","sentences":["When the dead began to rise , Brian and Philip gathered a small group , which included Brian 's niece Penny , and the group were constantly on the run when unsecured locations were breached ; the planned community called the Wiltshire Estates , where Rick 's group coincidentally stayed , was one of these .","Eventually , Brian 's group came upon Woodbury , Georgia , a ravaged town being led by a group of National Guardsmen under Major Gene Gavin , who used fear to assert his authority .","After becoming the last of his group , Brian rallied the townspeople against Gavin and the Guardsmen and afterward declared himself `` Governor '' of the four blocks making up the settlement .","Initially appearing to be a fair and strong leader , he became increasingly more ruthless and power - hungry .","He kept the zombified Penny tied up in his apartment , feeding her severed body parts of those who displeased him .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9017787387837007726","input":"when was georgia readmitted to the union twice","passages":[{"title":"Georgia during Reconstruction","text":"Akerman , though born in the North , moved to Georgia after college and owned slaves ; he fought for the Confederacy and became a Scalawag during Reconstruction , speaking out for civil rights for blacks . As U.S. Attorney General under President Grant , he became the first ex-Confederate to reach the cabinet . Akerman was unafraid of the Klan and committed to protecting the lives and civil rights of Blacks . To bolster Akerman 's investigation , President Grant sent in Secret Service agents from the Justice Department to infiltrate the Klan to gather evidence for prosecution . The investigations revealed that many whites actively participated in Klan activities . With this evidence , Grant issued a Presidential proclamation to disarm and remove the Klan 's notorious white robe and hood disguises . When the Klan ignored the proclamation , Grant was able to send in Federal troops in nine South Carolina counties to put down the violent activities of the Klan . Grant teamed Akerman up with another reformer in 1870 , a native Kentuckian , the first Solicitor General Benjamin Bristow , and the duo went on to prosecute thousands of Klan members and brought a brief quiet period of two years in the turbulent Reconstruction era .","sentences":["Akerman , though born in the North , moved to Georgia after college and owned slaves ; he fought for the Confederacy and became a Scalawag during Reconstruction , speaking out for civil rights for blacks .","As U.S. Attorney General under President Grant , he became the first ex-Confederate to reach the cabinet .","Akerman was unafraid of the Klan and committed to protecting the lives and civil rights of Blacks .","To bolster Akerman 's investigation , President Grant sent in Secret Service agents from the Justice Department to infiltrate the Klan to gather evidence for prosecution .","The investigations revealed that many whites actively participated in Klan activities .","With this evidence , Grant issued a Presidential proclamation to disarm and remove the Klan 's notorious white robe and hood disguises .","When the Klan ignored the proclamation , Grant was able to send in Federal troops in nine South Carolina counties to put down the violent activities of the Klan .","Grant teamed Akerman up with another reformer in 1870 , a native Kentuckian , the first Solicitor General Benjamin Bristow , and the duo went on to prosecute thousands of Klan members and brought a brief quiet period of two years in the turbulent Reconstruction era ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5097166154266860512","input":"what occurs to molecules of dna during mitosis","passages":[{"title":"Genetic recombination","text":"Molecular models of meiotic recombination have evolved over the years as relevant evidence accumulated . A major incentive for developing a fundamental understanding of the mechanism of meiotic recombination is that such understanding is crucial for solving the problem of the adaptive function of sex , a major unresolved issue in biology . A recent model that reflects current understanding was presented by Anderson and Sekelsky , and is outlined in the first figure in this article . The figure shows that two of the four chromatids present early in meiosis ( prophase I ) are paired with each other and able to interact . Recombination , in this version of the model , is initiated by a double - strand break ( or gap ) shown in the DNA molecule ( chromatid ) at the top of the first figure in this article . However , other types of DNA damage may also initiate recombination . For instance , an inter-strand cross-link ( caused by exposure to a cross-linking agent such as mitomycin C ) can be repaired by HRR .","sentences":["Molecular models of meiotic recombination have evolved over the years as relevant evidence accumulated .","A major incentive for developing a fundamental understanding of the mechanism of meiotic recombination is that such understanding is crucial for solving the problem of the adaptive function of sex , a major unresolved issue in biology .","A recent model that reflects current understanding was presented by Anderson and Sekelsky , and is outlined in the first figure in this article .","The figure shows that two of the four chromatids present early in meiosis ( prophase I ) are paired with each other and able to interact .","Recombination , in this version of the model , is initiated by a double - strand break ( or gap ) shown in the DNA molecule ( chromatid ) at the top of the first figure in this article .","However , other types of DNA damage may also initiate recombination .","For instance , an inter-strand cross-link ( caused by exposure to a cross-linking agent such as mitomycin C ) can be repaired by HRR ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7635174454197204538","input":"ice cube you can do it put your back into","passages":[{"title":"You Can Do It","text":"`` You Can Do It '' is a song by American rapper Ice Cube . It was released as the second single from the Next Friday soundtrack . The song features Ice Cube 's Westside Connection bandmate Mack 10 , as well as female rapper Ms. Toi . `` You Can Do It '' later used as the lead single on Cube 's sixth studio album , War & Peace Vol. 2 ( The Peace Disc ) . The song also appears on his Greatest Hits and In the Movies compilations . It would also appear on the double platinum Save the Last Dance .","sentences":["`` You Can Do It '' is a song by American rapper Ice Cube .","It was released as the second single from the Next Friday soundtrack .","The song features Ice Cube 's Westside Connection bandmate Mack 10 , as well as female rapper Ms. Toi .","`` You Can Do It '' later used as the lead single on Cube 's sixth studio album , War & Peace Vol. 2 ( The Peace Disc ) .","The song also appears on his Greatest Hits and In the Movies compilations .","It would also appear on the double platinum Save the Last Dance ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3246681258428325098","input":"when is the big bang theory season 11 coming out on netflix","passages":[{"title":"The Big Bang Theory (season 11)","text":"Sheldon and Amy struggle to choose a best man and maid of honor from their friends . They secretly decide to test and score them , allowing everyone to have an equal shot at either role . Once the gang finds out , none of them apart from Bernadette and Stuart want to be in the wedding . Sheldon settles for Stuart as best man , but once Leonard tells Sheldon that as the groom , the decision is his alone , he picks Leonard . Amy is set to call Bernadette but once Penny realizes Amy is her best friend , she immediately pitches herself for the position and Amy enthusiastically chooses her . Amy later makes Penny tell Bernadette the bad news . Title","sentences":["Sheldon and Amy struggle to choose a best man and maid of honor from their friends .","They secretly decide to test and score them , allowing everyone to have an equal shot at either role .","Once the gang finds out , none of them apart from Bernadette and Stuart want to be in the wedding .","Sheldon settles for Stuart as best man , but once Leonard tells Sheldon that as the groom , the decision is his alone , he picks Leonard .","Amy is set to call Bernadette but once Penny realizes Amy is her best friend , she immediately pitches herself for the position and Amy enthusiastically chooses her .","Amy later makes Penny tell Bernadette the bad news .","Title"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-660329406786121307","input":"when did tottenham become a north london club","passages":[{"title":"History of Tottenham Hotspur F.C.","text":"The construction of a new stadium was initiated at White Hart Lane in 2016 , and due to be completed in time for the 2018 - 19 season . The new stadium would have a seating capacity of 62,062 , a considerable increase from the capacity of 36,000 of the old stadium . A section of the North Stand was removed to allow building work on the new stadium to proceed next to the old stadium . European matches were held at Wembley Stadium for the 2016 -- 17 season due to reduced capacity as part of the stand at White Hart Lane had been removed , and the need to comply with the ticketing requirement for European games . A club attendance record of 85,512 spectators was reported for the 2016 -- 17 UEFA Champions League game against Bayer Leverkusen that Spurs lost 1 -- 0 . On 14 May 2017 , Spurs played their last game at White Hart Lane ; a 2 -- 1 victory over Manchester United that secured their second place in the Premier League .","sentences":["The construction of a new stadium was initiated at White Hart Lane in 2016 , and due to be completed in time for the 2018 - 19 season .","The new stadium would have a seating capacity of 62,062 , a considerable increase from the capacity of 36,000 of the old stadium .","A section of the North Stand was removed to allow building work on the new stadium to proceed next to the old stadium .","European matches were held at Wembley Stadium for the 2016 -- 17 season due to reduced capacity as part of the stand at White Hart Lane had been removed , and the need to comply with the ticketing requirement for European games .","A club attendance record of 85,512 spectators was reported for the 2016 -- 17 UEFA Champions League game against Bayer Leverkusen that Spurs lost 1 -- 0 .","On 14 May 2017 , Spurs played their last game at White Hart Lane ; a 2 -- 1 victory over Manchester United that secured their second place in the Premier League ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2637385238271209741","input":"what order to watch the jason bourne movies","passages":[{"title":"Bourne (film series)","text":"Nicky Parsons ( Julia Stiles ) , whom Bourne sent into hiding in The Bourne Ultimatum , gains access to sensitive CIA files . She contacts Bourne to share information about his past , including how he was recruited for Operation Treadstone and his father 's role in that operation . Bourne learns that his father , Richard Webb ( Gregg Henry ) , designed Operation Treadstone and was assassinated by the CIA because he did not want his son to enter the program and become a killer . CIA director Robert Dewey ( Tommy Lee Jones ) hunts down Parsons and Bourne using a foreign asset ( Vincent Cassel ) and the technical skills of CIA Cyber Ops Division head Heather Lee ( Alicia Vikander ) , while Bourne plans to avenge his father 's death . Bourne first tries to make the man who recruited him into the CIA confirm his understanding of his father 's death . He then plans to avenge himself against Dewey . Meanwhile Lee wants to bring Bourne back into the CIA 's special operations and Dewey allows her to believe she has his support even though he plans to eliminate Bourne .","sentences":["Nicky Parsons ( Julia Stiles ) , whom Bourne sent into hiding in The Bourne Ultimatum , gains access to sensitive CIA files .","She contacts Bourne to share information about his past , including how he was recruited for Operation Treadstone and his father 's role in that operation .","Bourne learns that his father , Richard Webb ( Gregg Henry ) , designed Operation Treadstone and was assassinated by the CIA because he did not want his son to enter the program and become a killer .","CIA director Robert Dewey ( Tommy Lee Jones ) hunts down Parsons and Bourne using a foreign asset ( Vincent Cassel ) and the technical skills of CIA Cyber Ops Division head Heather Lee ( Alicia Vikander ) , while Bourne plans to avenge his father 's death .","Bourne first tries to make the man who recruited him into the CIA confirm his understanding of his father 's death .","He then plans to avenge himself against Dewey .","Meanwhile Lee wants to bring Bourne back into the CIA 's special operations and Dewey allows her to believe she has his support even though he plans to eliminate Bourne ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1751346719498931955","input":"when did scientists discover the cause of smallpox","passages":[{"title":"Smallpox vaccine","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Smallpox","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( May 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Smallpox"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8601371749808975510","input":"how many hours of training in a year is given to icici lombard employees to recharge him","passages":[{"title":"ICICI Lombard","text":"ICICI General 's Gross Written Premium ( GWP ) was Rs 109.60 billion in fiscal 2017 . The company maintained its market leadership in the private sector with an overall market share of 8.4 % . The company witnessed an increase in policy volumes by 12.21 % from 15.80 million in fiscal 2016 to 17.73 million in fiscal 2017 . ICICI General 's profit before tax increased from Rs 7.08 billion in fiscal 2016 to Rs 9.10 billion in fiscal 2017 . ICICI General 's profit after tax increased from Rs 5.07 billion in fiscal 2016 to Rs 7.02 billion in fiscal 2017 . In fiscal 2016 , ICICI Bank sold a 9.0 % stake in ICICI General to its joint venture partner , Fairfax Financial Holdings , at a company valuation of Rs 172.25 billion . Following the transaction , the share ownership in ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company of ICICI Bank and Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited is approximately 64 % and 35 % , respectively .","sentences":["ICICI General 's Gross Written Premium ( GWP ) was Rs 109.60 billion in fiscal 2017 .","The company maintained its market leadership in the private sector with an overall market share of 8.4 % .","The company witnessed an increase in policy volumes by 12.21 % from 15.80 million in fiscal 2016 to 17.73 million in fiscal 2017 .","ICICI General 's profit before tax increased from Rs 7.08 billion in fiscal 2016 to Rs 9.10 billion in fiscal 2017 .","ICICI General 's profit after tax increased from Rs 5.07 billion in fiscal 2016 to Rs 7.02 billion in fiscal 2017 .","In fiscal 2016 , ICICI Bank sold a 9.0 % stake in ICICI General to its joint venture partner , Fairfax Financial Holdings , at a company valuation of Rs 172.25 billion .","Following the transaction , the share ownership in ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company of ICICI Bank and Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited is approximately 64 % and 35 % , respectively ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-322797675301302429","input":"who sang i may not be a lady","passages":[{"title":"All Woman","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1991 -- 92 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) 52 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 28 Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) 50 Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) 9 Italy ( Hit Parade ) 16 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 21 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 21 Spain Radio ( PROMUSICAE ) 38 Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 38 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 20 US Billboard Hot 100 56 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) 21 US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1992 ) Position Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) 74 Italy ( Hit Parade ) 83 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 210 US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) 11","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1991 -- 92 )","Peak position Australia ( ARIA )","52 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 28 Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) 50","Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) 9 Italy ( Hit Parade ) 16 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 21","Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 21","Spain Radio ( PROMUSICAE ) 38 Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 38 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","20 US Billboard Hot 100 56 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) 21 US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1992 )","Position Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) 74","Italy ( Hit Parade ) 83 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 210 US Hot R&B \/ Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) 11"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2996554601350599073","input":"where did italy invade in an effort to recreate the idea of the roman empire","passages":[{"title":"Italian Empire","text":"Dalmatia was a strategic region during World War I that both Italy and Serbia intended to seize from Austria - Hungary . The Treaty of London guaranteed Italy the right to annex a large portion of Dalmatia in exchange for Italy 's participation on the Allied side . From 5 -- 6 November 1918 , Italian forces were reported to have reached Lissa , Lagosta , Sebenico , and other localities on the Dalmatian coast . By the end of hostilities in November 1918 , the Italian military had seized control of the entire portion of Dalmatia that had been guaranteed to Italy by the Treaty of London and by 17 November had seized Fiume as well . In 1918 , Admiral Enrico Millo declared himself Italy 's Governor of Dalmatia . Famous Italian nationalist Gabriele D'Annunzio supported the seizure of Dalmatia , and proceeded to Zara ( today 's Zadar ) in an Italian warship in December 1918 .","sentences":["Dalmatia was a strategic region during World War I that both Italy and Serbia intended to seize from Austria - Hungary .","The Treaty of London guaranteed Italy the right to annex a large portion of Dalmatia in exchange for Italy 's participation on the Allied side .","From 5 -- 6 November 1918 , Italian forces were reported to have reached Lissa , Lagosta , Sebenico , and other localities on the Dalmatian coast .","By the end of hostilities in November 1918 , the Italian military had seized control of the entire portion of Dalmatia that had been guaranteed to Italy by the Treaty of London and by 17 November had seized Fiume as well .","In 1918 , Admiral Enrico Millo declared himself Italy 's Governor of Dalmatia .","Famous Italian nationalist Gabriele D'Annunzio supported the seizure of Dalmatia , and proceeded to Zara ( today 's Zadar ) in an Italian warship in December 1918 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2742474030522997496","input":"how do you say santa claus in canada","passages":[{"title":"Santa Claus","text":"In the Netherlands and Belgium the character of Santa Claus has to compete with that of Sinterklaas , Santa 's presumed progenitor . Santa Claus is known as de Kerstman in Dutch ( `` the Christmas man '' ) and P\u00e8re No\u00ebl ( `` Father Christmas '' ) in French . But for children in the Netherlands Sinterklaas remains the predominant gift - giver in December ; 36 % of the Dutch only give presents on Sinterklaas evening or the day itself ( December 6th ) , whereas Christmas ( December 25th ) is used by another 21 % to give presents . Some 26 % of the Dutch population gives presents on both days . In Belgium , Sinterklaas day presents are offered exclusively to children , whereas on Christmas Day , all ages may receive presents . Sinterklaas ' assistants are called `` Zwarte Pieten '' ( in Dutch , `` P\u00e8res Fouettard '' in French ) , so they are not elves . In Switzerland , P\u00e8res Fouettard accompanies P\u00e8re No\u00ebl in the French speaking region , while the sinister Schmutzli accompanies Samichlaus in the Swiss German region . Schmutzli carries a twig broom to spank the naughty children .","sentences":["In the Netherlands and Belgium the character of Santa Claus has to compete with that of Sinterklaas , Santa 's presumed progenitor .","Santa Claus is known as de Kerstman in Dutch ( `` the Christmas man '' ) and P\u00e8re No\u00ebl ( `` Father Christmas '' ) in French .","But for children in the Netherlands Sinterklaas remains the predominant gift - giver in December ; 36 % of the Dutch only give presents on Sinterklaas evening or the day itself ( December 6th ) , whereas Christmas ( December 25th ) is used by another 21 % to give presents .","Some 26 % of the Dutch population gives presents on both days .","In Belgium , Sinterklaas day presents are offered exclusively to children , whereas on Christmas Day , all ages may receive presents .","Sinterklaas ' assistants are called `` Zwarte Pieten '' ( in Dutch , `` P\u00e8res Fouettard '' in French ) , so they are not elves .","In Switzerland , P\u00e8res Fouettard accompanies P\u00e8re No\u00ebl in the French speaking region , while the sinister Schmutzli accompanies Samichlaus in the Swiss German region .","Schmutzli carries a twig broom to spank the naughty children ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8076343670376519690","input":"when did hot cheetos with lime come out","passages":[{"title":"Cheetos","text":"Frito - Lay conducted extensive testing before settling on flavors for the Chinese market , with ranch dressing , North Sea crab , smoked octopus and caramel being passed up for two flavors : Savory American Cream and Zesty Japanese Steak . These flavors were produced as the result of focus group testing , in which the original Crunchy Cheetos did not test as well . Strawberry Cheetos , a variation of the original Crunchy Cheetos dipped in a flavored icing , are produced and distributed in Japan . In India , Cheetos Whoosh are sold , made of ingredients such as whole grain and vegetables . Also produced in Japan are Mountain Dew - flavored Cheetos . The sole Cheetos product produced in Australia is Cheetos Cheese & Bacon Balls . Cheetos come in all different colors .","sentences":["Frito - Lay conducted extensive testing before settling on flavors for the Chinese market , with ranch dressing , North Sea crab , smoked octopus and caramel being passed up for two flavors : Savory American Cream and Zesty Japanese Steak .","These flavors were produced as the result of focus group testing , in which the original Crunchy Cheetos did not test as well .","Strawberry Cheetos , a variation of the original Crunchy Cheetos dipped in a flavored icing , are produced and distributed in Japan .","In India , Cheetos Whoosh are sold , made of ingredients such as whole grain and vegetables .","Also produced in Japan are Mountain Dew - flavored Cheetos .","The sole Cheetos product produced in Australia is Cheetos Cheese & Bacon Balls .","Cheetos come in all different colors ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7697396622664905664","input":"are the songs in beauty and the beast the same","passages":[{"title":"Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack)","text":"( show ) Deluxe edition -- Disc one ( Bonus Tracks ) No . Title Performer ( s ) Length 20 . `` Aria '' ( Demo ) Menken 0 : 36 21 . `` How Does a Moment Last Forever '' ( Demo ) Menken 0 : 59 22 . `` Days in the Sun '' ( Demo ) Menken 3 : 30 23 . `` How Does a Moment Last Forever '' ( Demo ) Menken 1 : 21 24 . `` Evermore '' ( Demo ) Menken 2 : 55 Total length : 62 : 52","sentences":["( show ) Deluxe edition --","Disc one ( Bonus Tracks )","No .","Title Performer ( s ) Length 20 .","`` Aria '' ( Demo ) Menken 0 : 36 21 .","`` How Does a Moment Last Forever '' ( Demo ) Menken 0 : 59 22 .","`` Days in the Sun '' ( Demo ) Menken 3 : 30 23 .","`` How Does a Moment Last Forever '' ( Demo )","Menken 1 : 21 24 .","`` Evermore '' ( Demo )","Menken 2 : 55 Total length : 62 : 52"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8982765061518122321","input":"the google search algorithm depends on the network of","passages":[{"title":"PageRank","text":"P R ( A ) = 1 \u2212 d N + d ( P R ( B ) L ( B ) + P R ( C ) L ( C ) + P R ( D ) L ( D ) + \u22ef ) . ( \\ displaystyle PR ( A ) = ( 1 - d \\ over N ) + d \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( PR ( B ) ) ( L ( B ) ) ) + ( \\ frac ( PR ( C ) ) ( L ( C ) ) ) + ( \\ frac ( PR ( D ) ) ( L ( D ) ) ) + \\ , \\ cdots \\ right ) . )","sentences":["P R ( A ) = 1 \u2212 d N","+ d","( P R ( B ) L ( B )","+ P R ( C )","L ( C )","+ P R ( D ) L ( D ) +","\u22ef ) .","( \\ displaystyle PR ( A ) =","( 1 - d \\ over N )","+ d \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( PR ( B ) )","( L ( B ) ) )","+ ( \\ frac ( PR ( C ) )","( L ( C ) ) )","+ ( \\ frac ( PR ( D ) )","( L ( D ) ) )","+","\\ , \\ cdots \\ right ) . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2761506209198413610","input":"what is the plot of fast and furious","passages":[{"title":"The Fast and the Furious","text":"Film Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic CinemaScore The Fast and the Furious 53 % ( 147 reviews ) 58 ( 34 reviews ) 7001750000000000000 \u2660 B+ 2 Fast 2 Furious 36 % ( 160 reviews ) 38 ( 36 reviews ) 7001833300000000000 \u2660 A - The Fast and the Furious : Tokyo Drift 37 % ( 114 reviews ) 45 ( 32 reviews ) 7001833300000000000 \u2660 A - Fast & Furious 29 % ( 175 reviews ) 46 ( 28 reviews ) 7001833300000000000 \u2660 A - Fast Five 77 % ( 196 reviews ) 66 ( 41 reviews ) 7001916700000000000 \u2660 A Fast & Furious 6 69 % ( 198 reviews ) 61 ( 39 reviews ) 7001916700000000000 \u2660 A Furious 7 80 % ( 243 reviews ) 67 ( 50 reviews ) 7001916700000000000 \u2660 A The Fate of the Furious 66 % ( 259 reviews ) 56 ( 45 reviews ) 7001916700000000000 \u2660 A","sentences":["Film Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic CinemaScore","The Fast and the Furious 53 % ( 147 reviews ) 58","( 34 reviews ) 7001750000000000000 \u2660 B+ 2 Fast 2 Furious 36 % ( 160 reviews )","38 ( 36 reviews ) 7001833300000000000","\u2660 A - The Fast and the Furious",": Tokyo Drift 37 % ( 114 reviews ) 45 ( 32 reviews ) 7001833300000000000","\u2660 A - Fast & Furious 29 % ( 175 reviews ) 46 ( 28 reviews ) 7001833300000000000","\u2660 A - Fast Five 77 % ( 196 reviews ) 66 ( 41 reviews ) 7001916700000000000","\u2660 A Fast & Furious 6 69 % ( 198 reviews ) 61 ( 39 reviews ) 7001916700000000000","\u2660","A Furious 7 80 % ( 243 reviews ) 67 ( 50 reviews ) 7001916700000000000","\u2660","A The Fate of the Furious 66 % ( 259 reviews )","56","( 45 reviews ) 7001916700000000000","\u2660 A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7997563416700632175","input":"what is the meaning of phantom of the opera","passages":[{"title":"The Phantom of the Opera","text":"The following night , the enraged and jealous Erik abducts Christine during a production of Faust , and tries to force her to marry him . Raoul , along with an old acquaintance of Erik 's , known as the Persian , attempt to rescue her but are trapped by Erik , who threatens that unless Christine agrees to marry him , he will kill them and everyone in the Opera House by using explosives . To save themselves and the people above in the Opera , Christine agrees to marry Erik . Erik initially tries to drown Raoul and the Persian , using the water which would have been used to douse the explosives . But Christine begs and offers to be his `` living bride '' , promising him not to kill herself after becoming his bride , as she had both contemplated and attempted earlier in the novel . Erik eventually releases Raoul and the Persian from his torture chamber .","sentences":["The following night , the enraged and jealous Erik abducts Christine during a production of Faust , and tries to force her to marry him .","Raoul , along with an old acquaintance of Erik 's , known as the Persian , attempt to rescue her but are trapped by Erik , who threatens that unless Christine agrees to marry him , he will kill them and everyone in the Opera House by using explosives .","To save themselves and the people above in the Opera , Christine agrees to marry Erik .","Erik initially tries to drown Raoul and the Persian , using the water which would have been used to douse the explosives .","But Christine begs and offers to be his `` living bride '' , promising him not to kill herself after becoming his bride , as she had both contemplated and attempted earlier in the novel .","Erik eventually releases Raoul and the Persian from his torture chamber ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2279785896359537056","input":"what is the time and place of the setting for brave new world","passages":[{"title":"Brave New World","text":"The World State is built upon the principles of Henry Ford 's assembly line : mass production , homogeneity , predictability , and consumption of disposable consumer goods . While the World State lacks any supernatural - based religions , Ford himself is revered as the creator of their society but not as a deity , and characters celebrate Ford Day and swear oaths by his name ( e.g. , `` By Ford ! '' ) . In this sense , some fragments of traditional religion are present , such as Christian crosses , which had their tops cut off to be changed to a `` T '' . In England , there is an Arch - Community - Songster of Canterbury , obviously continuing the Archbishop of Canterbury , and in America the Christian Science Monitor continues publication as The Fordian Science Monitor . The World State calendar numbers years in the `` AF '' era -- `` Anno Ford '' -- with the calendar beginning in AD 1908 , the year in which Ford 's first Model T rolled off his assembly line . The novel 's Gregorian calendar year is AD 2540 , but it is referred to in the book as AF 632 .","sentences":["The World State is built upon the principles of Henry Ford 's assembly line : mass production , homogeneity , predictability , and consumption of disposable consumer goods .","While the World State lacks any supernatural - based religions , Ford himself is revered as the creator of their society but not as a deity , and characters celebrate Ford Day and swear oaths by his name ( e.g. , `` By Ford ! '' ) .","In this sense , some fragments of traditional religion are present , such as Christian crosses , which had their tops cut off to be changed to a `` T '' .","In England , there is an Arch - Community - Songster of Canterbury , obviously continuing the Archbishop of Canterbury , and in America the Christian Science Monitor continues publication as The Fordian Science Monitor .","The World State calendar numbers years in the `` AF '' era -- `` Anno Ford '' -- with the calendar beginning in AD 1908 , the year in which Ford 's first Model T rolled off his assembly line .","The novel 's Gregorian calendar year is AD 2540 , but it is referred to in the book as AF 632 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9091167276160066415","input":"where did the name oskar blues come from","passages":[{"title":"Oskar Blues Brewery","text":"G'Knight is a hybrid version of strong ale , somewhere between an Imperial Red and a Double IPA . Oskar Blues makes it with six different malts and three types of hops , then dry - hopped it with Amarillo hops . It is 8.7 % alcohol by volume , and has 60 International Bittering Units . G'Knight is brewed in tribute to the late Gordon Knight . In addition to opening some of Colorado 's first microbreweries , Knight was a Vietnam vet and huge promoter of craft beer . He lost his life in 2002 while fighting a wild fire outside of Lyons , Colorado . In 2013 , Oskar Blues Brewery had to change the name of this beer from Gordon Knight to G'Knight following actions from the Gordon Biersch Brewery Restaurant Group seven years after the beer was first produced .","sentences":["G'Knight is a hybrid version of strong ale , somewhere between an Imperial Red and a Double IPA .","Oskar Blues makes it with six different malts and three types of hops , then dry - hopped it with Amarillo hops .","It is 8.7 % alcohol by volume , and has 60 International Bittering Units .","G'Knight is brewed in tribute to the late Gordon Knight .","In addition to opening some of Colorado 's first microbreweries , Knight was a Vietnam vet and huge promoter of craft beer .","He lost his life in 2002 while fighting a wild fire outside of Lyons , Colorado .","In 2013 , Oskar Blues Brewery had to change the name of this beer from Gordon Knight to G'Knight following actions from the Gordon Biersch Brewery Restaurant Group seven years after the beer was first produced ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5142954691719689839","input":"who won the tennis match with billie jean","passages":[{"title":"Battle of the Sexes (tennis)","text":"On August 23 , 1985 , at age 67 , Riggs returned to the tennis spotlight when he partnered with Vitas Gerulaitis , at the time a top - 20 player , to launch another challenge to female players . He challenged Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver to a doubles match . Navratilova said that she accepted because she believed she and Pam had no weaknesses when playing doubles , and that they were going to ' do a Billie ' and win , especially given Riggs ' age . The match took place at The Atlantic City Convention Hall in Atlantic City , New Jersey . Riggs ' health had deteriorated somewhat from his last outing as he was now deaf and wore glasses . Moreover , because Riggs was a finesse player and not a power player , the women expected that defeating him would be easier than a retired power player . Riggs ' return was short lived when the women won 6 -- 3 , 6 -- 2 , 6 -- 4 .","sentences":["On August 23 , 1985 , at age 67 , Riggs returned to the tennis spotlight when he partnered with Vitas Gerulaitis , at the time a top - 20 player , to launch another challenge to female players .","He challenged Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver to a doubles match .","Navratilova said that she accepted because she believed she and Pam had no weaknesses when playing doubles , and that they were going to ' do a Billie ' and win , especially given Riggs ' age .","The match took place at The Atlantic City Convention Hall in Atlantic City , New Jersey .","Riggs ' health had deteriorated somewhat from his last outing as he was now deaf and wore glasses .","Moreover , because Riggs was a finesse player and not a power player , the women expected that defeating him would be easier than a retired power player .","Riggs ' return was short lived when the women won 6 -- 3 , 6 -- 2 , 6 -- 4 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2230851592036586608","input":"who said history is past politics and politics is present history","passages":[{"title":"Edward Augustus Freeman","text":"Jump up ^ `` Here and there '' . The Week : a Canadian journal of politics , literature , science and arts . 1 ( 14 ) : 213 . 6 March 1884 . Retrieved 28 April 2013 .","sentences":["Jump up ^ `` Here and there '' .","The Week : a Canadian journal of politics , literature , science and arts .","1 ( 14 ) :","213 .","6 March 1884 .","Retrieved 28 April 2013 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1979354696886418497","input":"where is mt. qomolangma what is its height","passages":[{"title":"Mount Everest","text":"The first recorded efforts to reach Everest 's summit were made by British mountaineers . As Nepal did not allow foreigners into the country at the time , the British made several attempts on the north ridge route from the Tibetan side . After the first reconnaissance expedition by the British in 1921 reached 7,000 m ( 22,970 ft ) on the North Col , the 1922 expedition pushed the north ridge route up to 8,320 m ( 27,300 ft ) , marking the first time a human had climbed above 8,000 m ( 26,247 ft ) . Seven porters were killed in an avalanche on the descent from the North Col . The 1924 expedition resulted in one of the greatest mysteries on Everest to this day : George Mallory and Andrew Irvine made a final summit attempt on 8 June but never returned , sparking debate as to whether or not they were the first to reach the top . They had been spotted high on the mountain that day but disappeared in the clouds , never to be seen again , until Mallory 's body was found in 1999 at 8,155 m ( 26,755 ft ) on the north face . Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary made the first official ascent of Everest in 1953 , using the southeast ridge route . Tenzing had reached 8,595 m ( 28,199 ft ) the previous year as a member of the 1952 Swiss expedition . The Chinese mountaineering team of Wang Fuzhou , Gonpo , and Qu Yinhua made the first reported ascent of the peak from the north ridge on 25 May 1960 .","sentences":["The first recorded efforts to reach Everest 's summit were made by British mountaineers .","As Nepal did not allow foreigners into the country at the time , the British made several attempts on the north ridge route from the Tibetan side .","After the first reconnaissance expedition by the British in 1921 reached 7,000 m ( 22,970 ft ) on the North Col , the 1922 expedition pushed the north ridge route up to 8,320 m ( 27,300 ft ) , marking the first time a human had climbed above 8,000 m ( 26,247 ft ) .","Seven porters were killed in an avalanche on the descent from the North Col .","The 1924 expedition resulted in one of the greatest mysteries on Everest to this day : George Mallory and Andrew Irvine made a final summit attempt on 8 June but never returned , sparking debate as to whether or not they were the first to reach the top .","They had been spotted high on the mountain that day but disappeared in the clouds , never to be seen again , until Mallory 's body was found in 1999 at 8,155 m ( 26,755 ft ) on the north face .","Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary made the first official ascent of Everest in 1953 , using the southeast ridge route .","Tenzing had reached 8,595 m ( 28,199 ft ) the previous year as a member of the 1952 Swiss expedition .","The Chinese mountaineering team of Wang Fuzhou , Gonpo , and Qu Yinhua made the first reported ascent of the peak from the north ridge on 25 May 1960 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4385391717667762017","input":"where is sahara desert located on the world map","passages":[{"title":"Sahara","text":"In the 16th century the northern fringe of the Sahara , such as coastal regencies in present - day Algeria and Tunisia , as well as some parts of present - day Libya , together with the semi-autonomous kingdom of Egypt , were occupied by the Ottoman Empire . From 1517 Egypt was a valued part of the Ottoman Empire , ownership of which provided the Ottomans with control over the Nile Valley , the east Mediterranean and North Africa . The benefit of the Ottoman Empire was the freedom of movement for citizens and goods . Traders exploited the Ottoman land routes to handle the spices , gold and silk from the East , manufactured goods from Europe , and the slave and gold traffic from Africa . Arabic continued as the local language and Islamic culture was much reinforced . The Sahel and southern Sahara regions were home to several independent states or to roaming Tuareg clans .","sentences":["In the 16th century the northern fringe of the Sahara , such as coastal regencies in present - day Algeria and Tunisia , as well as some parts of present - day Libya , together with the semi-autonomous kingdom of Egypt , were occupied by the Ottoman Empire .","From 1517 Egypt was a valued part of the Ottoman Empire , ownership of which provided the Ottomans with control over the Nile Valley , the east Mediterranean and North Africa .","The benefit of the Ottoman Empire was the freedom of movement for citizens and goods .","Traders exploited the Ottoman land routes to handle the spices , gold and silk from the East , manufactured goods from Europe , and the slave and gold traffic from Africa .","Arabic continued as the local language and Islamic culture was much reinforced .","The Sahel and southern Sahara regions were home to several independent states or to roaming Tuareg clans ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4190243928308252059","input":"where does the dragon make its lair in beowulf","passages":[{"title":"The Dragon (Beowulf)","text":"After his battles against Grendel 's mother and Grendel , Beowulf returns to homeland and becomes king of the Geats . Fifty years pass with Beowulf leading as a wise king , when a local dragon is angered when a slave enters its lair and takes a cup from its treasure . The creature attacks the neighboring towns in revenge . Beowulf and a troop of men ( `` the Geats '' ) leave to find the dragon 's lair . The Geats run away in fear , leaving only Beowulf and his young companion Wiglaf to slay the dragon . Beowulf receives a fatal wound from the dragon , but Wiglaf impales the dragon 's belly to reduce the flames , and Beowulf deals the fatal blow . In his death - speech , Beowulf nominates Wiglaf as his heir , and that of the treasure .","sentences":["After his battles against Grendel 's mother and Grendel , Beowulf returns to homeland and becomes king of the Geats .","Fifty years pass with Beowulf leading as a wise king , when a local dragon is angered when a slave enters its lair and takes a cup from its treasure .","The creature attacks the neighboring towns in revenge .","Beowulf and a troop of men ( `` the Geats '' ) leave to find the dragon 's lair .","The Geats run away in fear , leaving only Beowulf and his young companion Wiglaf to slay the dragon .","Beowulf receives a fatal wound from the dragon , but Wiglaf impales the dragon 's belly to reduce the flames , and Beowulf deals the fatal blow .","In his death - speech , Beowulf nominates Wiglaf as his heir , and that of the treasure ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4662618774995182447","input":"what terminal is southwest at sacramento international airport","passages":[{"title":"Sacramento International Airport","text":"On the afternoon of Thursday , August 26 , 2010 , JetBlue Airbus A320 Flight 262 arriving from Long Beach , CA blew four tires upon landing , creating a fire around the plane and causing passengers to evacuate . Out of the 79 passengers and five crew , seven sustained injuries , although none of them were particularly serious . Five passengers were hospitalized . A JetBlue spokesman said that the flight reported an issue with the brakes . The subsequent NTSB investigation showed the first officer had inadvertently engaged the parking brake while engaging the speed brake at an altitude of approximately 5,100 feet ( 1,600 m ) above mean sea level . The subsequent alert via Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring was also canceled by the first officer as part of his routine to preempt the alert associated with disconnecting the autopilot in preparation for landing . At approximately 6 : 30 PM on Tuesday , December 27 , 2011 , Seattle - bound Southwest Airlines Flight 2287 aborted take - off due to two blown - out tires . The plane reportedly made a hard landing , and all 130 passengers aboard survived . Shortly before 6 : 00 PM on Wednesday , October 15 , 2014 , a pilot on an in - bound FedEx Express McDonnell Douglas MD - 10 - 30 noticed a possible engine fire on one of the engines , with smoke showing . The aircraft declared an emergency and landed successfully . Emergency ground crews reported to the incident and determined that the on - board extinguishers had successfully extinguished the fire . Maintenance crews determined the aircraft could safely be towed to the cargo ramp for inspection and repairs . On Wednesday , November 25 , 2015 around 5 : 45 pm , United Airlines Flight 2005 from SMF to Denver , operated with an Airbus A320 with 114 people on board was forced to turn around soon after takeoff after one of its engines was damaged during a large bird strike . Approximately 10 minutes into the flight , the bird strike and subsequent explosion in the engine forced the plane to return to the airport . It landed at about 6 : 30 p.m. , with no injuries reported . The airliner was taken out of commission to make repairs on the engine .","sentences":["On the afternoon of Thursday , August 26 , 2010 , JetBlue Airbus A320 Flight 262 arriving from Long Beach , CA blew four tires upon landing , creating a fire around the plane and causing passengers to evacuate .","Out of the 79 passengers and five crew , seven sustained injuries , although none of them were particularly serious .","Five passengers were hospitalized .","A JetBlue spokesman said that the flight reported an issue with the brakes .","The subsequent NTSB investigation showed the first officer had inadvertently engaged the parking brake while engaging the speed brake at an altitude of approximately 5,100 feet ( 1,600 m ) above mean sea level .","The subsequent alert via Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring was also canceled by the first officer as part of his routine to preempt the alert associated with disconnecting the autopilot in preparation for landing .","At approximately 6 : 30 PM on Tuesday , December 27 , 2011 , Seattle - bound Southwest Airlines Flight 2287 aborted take - off due to two blown - out tires .","The plane reportedly made a hard landing , and all 130 passengers aboard survived .","Shortly before 6 : 00 PM on Wednesday , October 15 , 2014 , a pilot on an in - bound FedEx Express McDonnell Douglas MD - 10 - 30 noticed a possible engine fire on one of the engines , with smoke showing .","The aircraft declared an emergency and landed successfully .","Emergency ground crews reported to the incident and determined that the on - board extinguishers had successfully extinguished the fire .","Maintenance crews determined the aircraft could safely be towed to the cargo ramp for inspection and repairs .","On Wednesday , November 25 , 2015 around 5 : 45 pm , United Airlines Flight 2005 from SMF to Denver , operated with an Airbus A320 with 114 people on board was forced to turn around soon after takeoff after one of its engines was damaged during a large bird strike .","Approximately 10 minutes into the flight , the bird strike and subsequent explosion in the engine forced the plane to return to the airport .","It landed at about 6 : 30 p.m. , with no injuries reported .","The airliner was taken out of commission to make repairs on the engine ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5954225039415757260","input":"what did they eat on the first christmas","passages":[{"title":"Christmas dinner","text":"In Denmark , the traditional Christmas meal served on December 24 consists of duck ( 65.5 % ) , roast pork with crackling ( 42.8 % ) , turkey ( 7.8 % ) or goose ( 6.7 % ) . The meat is served along with boiled potatoes ( some of which are caramelized , some roasted ) , red cabbage , and plenty of gravy . It is followed with a dessert of Risalamande , rice pudding served with cherry sauce or strawberry sauce , often with a whole almond hidden inside . The lucky finder of the almond of which is entitled to an extra present , the almond gift . Christmas drinks are Gl\u00f8gg and traditional Christmas beers , specially brewed for the season . These usually have high alcohol content .","sentences":["In Denmark , the traditional Christmas meal served on December 24 consists of duck ( 65.5 % ) , roast pork with crackling ( 42.8 % ) , turkey ( 7.8 % ) or goose ( 6.7 % ) .","The meat is served along with boiled potatoes ( some of which are caramelized , some roasted ) , red cabbage , and plenty of gravy .","It is followed with a dessert of Risalamande , rice pudding served with cherry sauce or strawberry sauce , often with a whole almond hidden inside .","The lucky finder of the almond of which is entitled to an extra present , the almond gift .","Christmas drinks are Gl\u00f8gg and traditional Christmas beers , specially brewed for the season .","These usually have high alcohol content ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2557970171373696227","input":"where did the hail holy queen prayer come from","passages":[{"title":"Salve Regina","text":"Hail , Holy Queen enthroned above , O Maria ! Hail , Mother of mercy and of love , O Maria ! Triumph all ye cherubim ! Sing with us ye seraphim ! Heaven and earth resound the hymn ! Salve , salve , salve , Regina !","sentences":["Hail , Holy Queen enthroned above , O Maria !","Hail , Mother of mercy and of love , O Maria !","Triumph all ye cherubim !","Sing with us ye seraphim !","Heaven and earth resound the hymn !","Salve , salve , salve , Regina !"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-88670838764830599","input":"how much sugar is in a bottle of buckfast","passages":[{"title":"Buckfast Tonic Wine","text":"Buckfast Tonic Wine ( green bottle ) Sold in the United Kingdom . Red wine based aperitif , 15 % v \/ v . Sodium glycerophosphate , an emulsifier . Dipotassium phosphate , a protein stabiliser Disodium phosphate , a stabiliser and emulsifier . Caffeine , 30 mg \/ 100ml ( i.e. 0.0375 % w \/ v ) Vanillin Buckfast Tonic Wine ( brown bottle ) Sold exclusively within the Republic of Ireland . Red wine , 14.8 % alcohol Sodium and potassium glycerophosphates -- both measured at 0.65 % w \/ v Disodium phosphate Caffeine -- 52 mg \/ 100 ml ( i.e. 0.055 % w \/ v ) Sulphite preservatives","sentences":["Buckfast Tonic Wine ( green bottle ) Sold in the United Kingdom .","Red wine based aperitif , 15 % v \/ v .","Sodium glycerophosphate , an emulsifier .","Dipotassium phosphate , a protein stabiliser Disodium phosphate , a stabiliser and emulsifier .","Caffeine , 30 mg \/ 100ml ( i.e. 0.0375 % w \/ v ) Vanillin Buckfast Tonic Wine ( brown bottle ) Sold exclusively within the Republic of Ireland .","Red wine , 14.8 % alcohol Sodium and potassium glycerophosphates -- both measured at 0.65 % w \/ v Disodium phosphate Caffeine -- 52 mg \/ 100 ml ( i.e. 0.055 % w \/ v ) Sulphite preservatives"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5106740144085728704","input":"what is the education system like in your country india","passages":[{"title":"Education in India","text":"The education of women in India plays a significant role in improving livings standards in the country . A higher women literacy rate improves the quality of life both at home and outside the home , by encouraging and promoting education of children , especially female children , and in reducing the infant mortality rate . Several studies have shown that a lower level of women literacy rates results in higher levels of fertility and infant mortality , poorer nutrition , lower earning potential and the lack of an ability to make decisions within a household . Women 's lower educational levels is also shown to adversely affect the health and living conditions of children . A survey that was conducted in India showed results which support the fact that infant mortality rate was inversely related to female literacy rate and educational level . The survey also suggests a correlation between education and economic growth .","sentences":["The education of women in India plays a significant role in improving livings standards in the country .","A higher women literacy rate improves the quality of life both at home and outside the home , by encouraging and promoting education of children , especially female children , and in reducing the infant mortality rate .","Several studies have shown that a lower level of women literacy rates results in higher levels of fertility and infant mortality , poorer nutrition , lower earning potential and the lack of an ability to make decisions within a household .","Women 's lower educational levels is also shown to adversely affect the health and living conditions of children .","A survey that was conducted in India showed results which support the fact that infant mortality rate was inversely related to female literacy rate and educational level .","The survey also suggests a correlation between education and economic growth ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3846257720719820161","input":"how long does it take to complete the first round of the nfl draft","passages":[{"title":"2018 NFL Draft","text":"Jump up ^ No. 250 : multiple trades : No. 250 : Philadelphia \u2192 Seattle ( PD ) . see No. 156 : Seattle \u2192 Philadelphia . No. 250 : Seattle \u2192 New England ( PD ) . Seattle traded this seventh - round pick to New England in exchange for cornerback Justin Coleman . No. 250 : New England \u2192 Seattle ( PD ) see No. 168 : New England \u2192 Seattle . No. 250 : Seattle \u2192 Philadelphia ( PD ) . see No. 156 : Seattle \u2192 Philadelphia . No. 250 : Philadelphia \u2192 New England ( D ) see No. 233 : New England \u2192 Philadelphia .","sentences":["Jump up ^","No. 250 : multiple trades : No. 250 : Philadelphia \u2192 Seattle ( PD ) .","see No. 156 :","Seattle \u2192 Philadelphia .","No. 250 : Seattle \u2192 New England ( PD ) .","Seattle traded this seventh - round pick to New England in exchange for cornerback Justin Coleman .","No. 250 : New England \u2192 Seattle ( PD ) see No. 168 :","New England \u2192 Seattle .","No. 250 : Seattle \u2192 Philadelphia ( PD ) .","see No. 156 :","Seattle \u2192 Philadelphia .","No. 250 : Philadelphia \u2192 New England ( D ) see No. 233 : New England \u2192 Philadelphia ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1009280993927803267","input":"where does the saying knock down ginger come from","passages":[{"title":"Knock, Knock, Ginger","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( June 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( November 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article possibly contains original research .","Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .","Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .","( June 2014 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( November 2008 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7041988693457769029","input":"where did all the languages in the world come from","passages":[{"title":"Origin of language","text":"In one particular study , rats and pigeons were required to press a button a certain number of times to get food . The animals showed very accurate distinction for numbers less than four , but as the numbers increased , the error rate increased . Matsuzawa ( 1985 ) attempted to teach chimpanzees Arabic numerals . The difference between primates and humans in this regard was very large , as it took the chimps thousands of trials to learn 1 -- 9 with each number requiring a similar amount of training time ; yet , after learning the meaning of 1 , 2 and 3 ( and sometimes 4 ) , children easily comprehend the value of greater integers by using a successor function ( i.e. 2 is 1 greater than 1 , 3 is 1 greater than 2 , 4 is 1 greater than 3 ; once 4 is reached it seems most children have an `` a-ha ! '' moment and understand that the value of any integer n is 1 greater than the previous integer ) . Put simply , other primates learn the meaning of numbers one by one , similar to their approach to other referential symbols , while children first learn an arbitrary list of symbols ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ... ) and then later learn their precise meanings . These results can be seen as evidence for the application of the `` open - ended generative property '' of language in human numeral cognition .","sentences":["In one particular study , rats and pigeons were required to press a button a certain number of times to get food .","The animals showed very accurate distinction for numbers less than four , but as the numbers increased , the error rate increased .","Matsuzawa ( 1985 ) attempted to teach chimpanzees Arabic numerals .","The difference between primates and humans in this regard was very large , as it took the chimps thousands of trials to learn 1 -- 9 with each number requiring a similar amount of training time ; yet , after learning the meaning of 1 , 2 and 3 ( and sometimes 4 ) , children easily comprehend the value of greater integers by using a successor function ( i.e. 2 is 1 greater than 1 , 3 is 1 greater than 2 , 4 is 1 greater than 3 ; once 4 is reached it seems most children have an `` a-ha ! ''","moment and understand that the value of any integer n is 1 greater than the previous integer ) .","Put simply , other primates learn the meaning of numbers one by one , similar to their approach to other referential symbols , while children first learn an arbitrary list of symbols ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ... ) and then later learn their precise meanings .","These results can be seen as evidence for the application of the `` open - ended generative property '' of language in human numeral cognition ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5508162886459208361","input":"what is the substrate in the reaction above","passages":[{"title":"Substrate (chemistry)","text":"Although enzymes are typically highly specific , some are able to perform catalysis on more than one substrate , a property termed enzyme promiscuity . An enzyme may have many native substrates and broad specificity ( e.g. oxidation by cytochrome p450s ) or it may have a single native substrate with a set of similar non-native substrates that it can catalyse at some lower rate . The substrates that a given enzyme may react with in vitro , in a laboratory setting , may not necessarily reflect the physiological , endogenous substrates of the enzyme 's reactions in vivo . That is to say that enzymes do not necessarily perform all the reactions in the body that may be possible in the laboratory . For example , while fatty acid amide hydrolase ( FAAH ) can hydrolyze the endocannabinoids 2 - arachidonoylglycerol ( 2 - AG ) and anandamide at comparable rates in vitro , genetic or pharmacological disruption of FAAH elevates anandamide but not 2 - AG , suggesting that 2 - AG is not an endogenous , in vivo substrate for FAAH . In another example , the N - acyl taurines ( NATs ) are observed to increase dramatically in FAAH - disrupted animals , but are actually poor in vitro FAAH substrates .","sentences":["Although enzymes are typically highly specific , some are able to perform catalysis on more than one substrate , a property termed enzyme promiscuity .","An enzyme may have many native substrates and broad specificity ( e.g. oxidation by cytochrome p450s ) or it may have a single native substrate with a set of similar non-native substrates that it can catalyse at some lower rate .","The substrates that a given enzyme may react with in vitro , in a laboratory setting , may not necessarily reflect the physiological , endogenous substrates of the enzyme 's reactions in vivo .","That is to say that enzymes do not necessarily perform all the reactions in the body that may be possible in the laboratory .","For example , while fatty acid amide hydrolase ( FAAH ) can hydrolyze the endocannabinoids 2 - arachidonoylglycerol ( 2 - AG ) and anandamide at comparable rates in vitro , genetic or pharmacological disruption of FAAH elevates anandamide but not 2 - AG , suggesting that 2 - AG is not an endogenous , in vivo substrate for FAAH .","In another example , the N - acyl taurines ( NATs ) are observed to increase dramatically in FAAH - disrupted animals , but are actually poor in vitro FAAH substrates ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7196402409740271041","input":"what is the primary jurisdiction of the u.s. supreme court","passages":[{"title":"Jurisdiction stripping","text":"Congress may define the jurisdiction of the judiciary through the simultaneous use of two powers . First , Congress holds the power to create ( and , implicitly , to define the jurisdiction of ) federal courts inferior to the Supreme Court ( i.e. Courts of Appeals , District Courts , and various other Article I and Article III tribunals ) . This court - creating power is granted both in the congressional powers clause ( Art . I , \u00a7 8 , Cl. 9 ) and in the judicial vesting clause ( Art . III , \u00a7 1 ) . Second , Congress has the power to make exceptions to and regulations of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court . This court - limiting power is granted in the Exceptions Clause ( Art . III , \u00a7 2 ) . By exercising these powers in concert , Congress may effectively eliminate any judicial review of certain federal legislative or executive actions and of certain state actions , or alternatively transfer the judicial review responsibility to state courts by `` knocking ( federal courts ) ... out of the game . ''","sentences":["Congress may define the jurisdiction of the judiciary through the simultaneous use of two powers .","First , Congress holds the power to create ( and , implicitly , to define the jurisdiction of ) federal courts inferior to the Supreme Court ( i.e. Courts of Appeals , District Courts , and various other Article I and Article III tribunals ) .","This court - creating power is granted both in the congressional powers clause ( Art .","I , \u00a7 8 , Cl. 9 ) and in the judicial vesting clause ( Art .","III , \u00a7 1 ) .","Second , Congress has the power to make exceptions to and regulations of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court .","This court - limiting power is granted in the Exceptions Clause ( Art .","III , \u00a7 2 ) .","By exercising these powers in concert , Congress may effectively eliminate any judicial review of certain federal legislative or executive actions and of certain state actions , or alternatively transfer the judicial review responsibility to state courts by `` knocking ( federal courts ) ...","out of the game . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7010208980347907656","input":"who built the first ship in the world","passages":[{"title":"Ship","text":"The weather ship crews were normally at sea for three weeks at a time , returning to port for 10 - day stretches . Weather ship observations proved to be helpful in wind and wave studies , as they did not avoid weather systems like other ships tended to for safety reasons . They were also helpful in monitoring storms at sea , such as tropical cyclones . The removal of a weather ship became a negative factor in forecasts leading up to the Great Storm of 1987 . Beginning in the 1970s , their role became largely superseded by weather buoys due to the ships ' significant cost . The agreement of the use of weather ships by the international community ended in 1990 . The last weather ship was Polarfront , known as weather station M ( `` Mike '' ) , which was put out of operation on 1 January 2010 . Weather observations from ships continue from a fleet of voluntary merchant vessels in routine commercial operation .","sentences":["The weather ship crews were normally at sea for three weeks at a time , returning to port for 10 - day stretches .","Weather ship observations proved to be helpful in wind and wave studies , as they did not avoid weather systems like other ships tended to for safety reasons .","They were also helpful in monitoring storms at sea , such as tropical cyclones .","The removal of a weather ship became a negative factor in forecasts leading up to the Great Storm of 1987 .","Beginning in the 1970s , their role became largely superseded by weather buoys due to the ships ' significant cost .","The agreement of the use of weather ships by the international community ended in 1990 .","The last weather ship was Polarfront , known as weather station M ( `` Mike '' ) , which was put out of operation on 1 January 2010 .","Weather observations from ships continue from a fleet of voluntary merchant vessels in routine commercial operation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2795466671608163571","input":"what grows all in a row in mary's garden","passages":[{"title":"Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary","text":"That it is a religious allegory of Catholicism , with Mary being Mary , the mother of Jesus , bells representing the sanctus bells , the cockleshells the badges of the pilgrims to the shrine of Saint James in Spain ( Santiago de Compostela ) and pretty maids are nuns , but even within this strand of thought there are differences of opinion as to whether it is lament for the reinstatement of Catholicism or for its persecution . Another theory sees the rhyme as connected to Mary , Queen of Scots ( 1542 -- 1587 ) , with `` how does your garden grow '' referring to her reign over her realm , `` silver bells '' referring to ( Catholic ) cathedral bells , `` cockle shells '' insinuating that her husband was not faithful to her , and `` pretty maids all in a row '' referring to her ladies - in - waiting -- `` The four Maries '' . In Disney 's The Truth About Mother Goose the `` silver bells '' are said to `` refer to the elaborate decoration on her dresses '' , the `` cockle shells '' to her love of exotic food such as cockles , with the `` pretty maids all in a row '' referring to her ladies - in - waiting . Mary has also been identified with Mary I of England ( 1516 -- 1558 ) with `` How does your garden grow ? '' said to refer to her lack of heirs , or to the common idea that England had become a Catholic vassal or `` branch '' of Spain and the Habsburgs . It is also said to be a punning reference to her chief minister , Stephen Gardiner . `` Quite contrary '' is said to be a reference to her unsuccessful attempt to reverse ecclesiastical changes effected by her father Henry VIII and her brother Edward VI . The `` pretty maids all in a row '' is speculated to be a reference to miscarriages or her execution of Lady Jane Grey . `` Rows and rows '' is said to refer to her executions of Protestants .","sentences":["That it is a religious allegory of Catholicism , with Mary being Mary , the mother of Jesus , bells representing the sanctus bells , the cockleshells the badges of the pilgrims to the shrine of Saint James in Spain ( Santiago de Compostela ) and pretty maids are nuns , but even within this strand of thought there are differences of opinion as to whether it is lament for the reinstatement of Catholicism or for its persecution .","Another theory sees the rhyme as connected to Mary , Queen of Scots ( 1542 -- 1587 ) , with `` how does your garden grow '' referring to her reign over her realm , `` silver bells '' referring to ( Catholic ) cathedral bells , `` cockle shells '' insinuating that her husband was not faithful to her , and `` pretty maids all in a row '' referring to her ladies - in - waiting -- `` The four Maries '' .","In Disney 's The Truth About Mother Goose the `` silver bells '' are said to `` refer to the elaborate decoration on her dresses '' , the `` cockle shells '' to her love of exotic food such as cockles , with the `` pretty maids all in a row '' referring to her ladies - in - waiting .","Mary has also been identified with Mary I of England ( 1516 -- 1558 ) with `` How does your garden grow ? ''","said to refer to her lack of heirs , or to the common idea that England had become a Catholic vassal or `` branch '' of Spain and the Habsburgs .","It is also said to be a punning reference to her chief minister , Stephen Gardiner .","`` Quite contrary '' is said to be a reference to her unsuccessful attempt to reverse ecclesiastical changes effected by her father Henry VIII and her brother Edward VI .","The `` pretty maids all in a row '' is speculated to be a reference to miscarriages or her execution of Lady Jane Grey .","`` Rows and rows '' is said to refer to her executions of Protestants ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6571255831341329444","input":"can i shoot someone on my property in maryland","passages":[{"title":"Right of self-defense in Maryland","text":"This principle is known as the `` Castle Doctrine '' , `` the name being derived from the foundational principle that ' a man 's home is his castle ' and his ultimate retreat . '' Barton v. State , 46 Md . App . 616 , 618 , 420 A. 2d 1009 , 1010 - 1011 ( 1980 ) . A man `` is not bound to flee and become a fugitive from his own home , for , if that were required , there would , theoretically , be no refuge for him anywhere in the world . '' Barton , 46 Md . App . at 618 , 420 A. 2d at 1010 .","sentences":["This principle is known as the `` Castle Doctrine '' , `` the name being derived from the foundational principle that ' a man 's home is his castle ' and his ultimate retreat . ''","Barton v. State , 46 Md .","App .","616 , 618 , 420 A. 2d 1009 , 1010 - 1011 ( 1980 ) .","A man `` is not bound to flee and become a fugitive from his own home , for , if that were required , there would , theoretically , be no refuge for him anywhere in the world . ''","Barton , 46 Md .","App .","at 618 , 420 A. 2d at 1010 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-788321698690766501","input":"how many episodes are there in assassination classroom season 2","passages":[{"title":"List of Assassination Classroom episodes","text":"While Koro - sensei is reading a newspaper , Nagisa encourages Tomohito Sugino to attempt to assassinate Koro - sensei by a pitching a baseball embedded with pellets . However , Koro - sensei easily dodges the baseball and catches it with a baseball glove . Later after lunchtime , Sugino is downhearted when Koro - sensei crushes his dream of being a pro baseball star , but this is due to his wrists and elbows not being as flexible as they should be . Koro - sensei encourages Sugino to focus on his own strengths for future attempts of assassination . The students of Class 3 - E fail to kill Koro - sensei , even when he deliberately ties himself to a tree branch . Karasuma joins Class 3 - E as the physical education teacher , observing how the class is ridiculed by the other students of the school . Another student due to transfer into the class is informed of his mission .","sentences":["While Koro - sensei is reading a newspaper , Nagisa encourages Tomohito Sugino to attempt to assassinate Koro - sensei by a pitching a baseball embedded with pellets .","However , Koro - sensei easily dodges the baseball and catches it with a baseball glove .","Later after lunchtime , Sugino is downhearted when Koro - sensei crushes his dream of being a pro baseball star , but this is due to his wrists and elbows not being as flexible as they should be .","Koro - sensei encourages Sugino to focus on his own strengths for future attempts of assassination .","The students of Class 3 - E fail to kill Koro - sensei , even when he deliberately ties himself to a tree branch .","Karasuma joins Class 3 - E as the physical education teacher , observing how the class is ridiculed by the other students of the school .","Another student due to transfer into the class is informed of his mission ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1311453780979360878","input":"where does active transport occur in the human body","passages":[{"title":"Active transport","text":"One category of cotransporters that is especially prominent in research regarding diabetes treatment is sodium glucose cotransporters . These transporters were discovered by scientists at that National Health Institute . These scientists had noticed a discrepancy in the absorption of glucose at different points in the kidney tubule of a rat . The gene was then discovered for intestinal glucose transport protein and linked to these membrane sodium glucose cotransport systems . The first of these membrane transport proteins was named SGLT1 followed buy the discovery of SGLT2 . Robert Krane also played a prominent role in this field .","sentences":["One category of cotransporters that is especially prominent in research regarding diabetes treatment is sodium glucose cotransporters .","These transporters were discovered by scientists at that National Health Institute .","These scientists had noticed a discrepancy in the absorption of glucose at different points in the kidney tubule of a rat .","The gene was then discovered for intestinal glucose transport protein and linked to these membrane sodium glucose cotransport systems .","The first of these membrane transport proteins was named SGLT1 followed buy the discovery of SGLT2 .","Robert Krane also played a prominent role in this field ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6770399656884821010","input":"which of the following are examples of primary sources (select all that apply)","passages":[{"title":"Primary color","text":"A contemporary description of the color vision system provides an understanding of primary colors that is consistent with modern color science . The human eye normally contains only three types of color photoreceptors , known as long - wavelength ( L ) , medium - wavelength ( M ) , and short - wavelength ( S ) cone cells . These photoreceptor types respond to different degrees across visible electromagnetic spectrum . The S cone response is generally assumed to be negligible at long wavelengths greater than about 560 nm while the L and M cones respond across the entire visible spectrum . The LMS primaries are imaginary since there is no visible wavelength that stimulates only one type of cone ( i.e. , humans can not normally see a color that corresponds to pure L , M or S stimulation ) . The LMS primaries are complete since every visible color can be mapped to a triplet specifying the coordinates in LMS color space . Normalized","sentences":["A contemporary description of the color vision system provides an understanding of primary colors that is consistent with modern color science .","The human eye normally contains only three types of color photoreceptors , known as long - wavelength ( L ) , medium - wavelength ( M ) , and short - wavelength ( S ) cone cells .","These photoreceptor types respond to different degrees across visible electromagnetic spectrum .","The S cone response is generally assumed to be negligible at long wavelengths greater than about 560 nm while the L and M cones respond across the entire visible spectrum .","The LMS primaries are imaginary since there is no visible wavelength that stimulates only one type of cone ( i.e. , humans can not normally see a color that corresponds to pure L , M or S stimulation ) .","The LMS primaries are complete since every visible color can be mapped to a triplet specifying the coordinates in LMS color space .","Normalized"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9222484172814905891","input":"who was linda and what happened to her","passages":[{"title":"Linda Kasabian","text":"Later the same night , in the Venice Beach area of Los Angeles , Manson asked Kasabian to participate in the murder of an acquaintance , a Lebanese actor named Saladin Nader . Kasabian had met the actor a few days earlier with fellow `` family '' member Sandra Good . Atkins and Grogan waited a few feet away , with knife and gun in hand , prepared to kill , as Manson had told them to . Kasabian purposely knocked on the wrong apartment door in order to avoid causing any harm to Nader . When the occupant answered , Kasabian apologized and excused herself , thus preventing the crime . Two days after the LaBianca murders , she fled from the Manson `` family '' , and she eventually returned to her mother 's home in New Hampshire .","sentences":["Later the same night , in the Venice Beach area of Los Angeles , Manson asked Kasabian to participate in the murder of an acquaintance , a Lebanese actor named Saladin Nader .","Kasabian had met the actor a few days earlier with fellow `` family '' member Sandra Good .","Atkins and Grogan waited a few feet away , with knife and gun in hand , prepared to kill , as Manson had told them to .","Kasabian purposely knocked on the wrong apartment door in order to avoid causing any harm to Nader .","When the occupant answered , Kasabian apologized and excused herself , thus preventing the crime .","Two days after the LaBianca murders , she fled from the Manson `` family '' , and she eventually returned to her mother 's home in New Hampshire ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8796365003446241684","input":"where do bobcats live in the united states","passages":[{"title":"Bobcat","text":"The bobcat ( Lynx rufus ) is a North American cat that appeared during the Irvingtonian stage of around 1.8 million years ago ( AEO ) . Containing 2 recognized subspecies , it ranges from southern Canada to central Mexico , including most of the contiguous United States . The bobcat is an adaptable predator that inhabits wooded areas , as well as semidesert , urban edge , forest edge , and swampland environments . It remains in some of its original range , but populations are vulnerable to local extinction ( `` extirpation '' ) by coyotes and domestic animals . With a gray to brown coat , whiskered face , and black - tufted ears , the bobcat resembles the other species of the midsized genus Lynx . It is smaller on average than the Canada lynx , with which it shares parts of its range , but is about twice as large as the domestic cat . It has distinctive black bars on its forelegs and a black - tipped , stubby ( or `` bobbed '' ) tail , from which it derives its name .","sentences":["The bobcat ( Lynx rufus ) is a North American cat that appeared during the Irvingtonian stage of around 1.8 million years ago ( AEO ) .","Containing 2 recognized subspecies , it ranges from southern Canada to central Mexico , including most of the contiguous United States .","The bobcat is an adaptable predator that inhabits wooded areas , as well as semidesert , urban edge , forest edge , and swampland environments .","It remains in some of its original range , but populations are vulnerable to local extinction ( `` extirpation '' ) by coyotes and domestic animals .","With a gray to brown coat , whiskered face , and black - tufted ears , the bobcat resembles the other species of the midsized genus Lynx .","It is smaller on average than the Canada lynx , with which it shares parts of its range , but is about twice as large as the domestic cat .","It has distinctive black bars on its forelegs and a black - tipped , stubby ( or `` bobbed '' ) tail , from which it derives its name ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1703138720605073093","input":"where do cherries come from in the world","passages":[{"title":"Cherry","text":"Cherries , sweet , red , raw Nutritional value per 100 g ( 3.5 oz ) Energy 263 kJ ( 63 kcal ) Carbohydrates 16 g Sugars 12.8 g Dietary fiber 2.1 g Fat 0.2 g Protein 1.1 g Vitamins Quantity % DV Vitamin A equiv . beta - Carotene lutein zeaxanthin 0 % 3 \u03bcg 0 % 38 \u03bcg 85 \u03bcg Thiamine ( B1 ) 2 % 0.027 mg Riboflavin ( B2 ) 3 % 0.033 mg Niacin ( B3 ) 1 % 0.154 mg Pantothenic acid ( B5 ) 4 % 0.199 mg Vitamin B6 4 % 0.049 mg Folate ( B9 ) 1 % 4 \u03bcg Choline 1 % 6.1 mg Vitamin C 8 % 7 mg Vitamin K 2 % 2.1 \u03bcg Minerals Quantity % DV Calcium 1 % 13 mg Iron 3 % 0.36 mg Magnesium 3 % 11 mg Manganese 3 % 0.07 mg Phosphorus 3 % 21 mg Potassium 5 % 222 mg Sodium 0 % 0 mg Zinc 1 % 0.07 mg Other constituents Quantity Water 82 g Link to USDA Database entry Units \u03bcg = micrograms mg = milligrams IU = International units Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults . Source : USDA Nutrient Database","sentences":["Cherries , sweet , red , raw Nutritional value per 100 g ( 3.5 oz )","Energy 263 kJ ( 63 kcal )","Carbohydrates 16 g Sugars 12.8 g Dietary fiber 2.1 g","Fat 0.2 g","Protein 1.1 g Vitamins Quantity % DV Vitamin A equiv .","beta - Carotene lutein zeaxanthin 0","% 3 \u03bcg 0 % 38 \u03bcg 85 \u03bcg Thiamine ( B1 ) 2 % 0.027 mg Riboflavin ( B2 ) 3 % 0.033 mg Niacin ( B3 ) 1 % 0.154","mg Pantothenic acid ( B5 ) 4 % 0.199 mg Vitamin B6 4 % 0.049 mg Folate ( B9 ) 1 % 4 \u03bcg Choline 1 % 6.1 mg Vitamin C 8 % 7 mg Vitamin K","2 % 2.1 \u03bcg Minerals Quantity % DV Calcium 1 % 13 mg Iron 3 % 0.36 mg Magnesium 3 % 11 mg Manganese 3 % 0.07 mg Phosphorus 3 % 21 mg Potassium 5 % 222 mg Sodium 0 % 0","mg Zinc 1 % 0.07 mg Other constituents Quantity Water 82","g Link to USDA Database entry Units \u03bcg = micrograms mg = milligrams IU = International units Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults .","Source : USDA Nutrient Database"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6848745570234953171","input":"what is the name of the smoking room a separate peace","passages":[{"title":"The Devon School","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( April 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( April 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( April 2008 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article possibly contains original research .","Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .","Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .","( April 2008 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5031140123829220036","input":"who sings the song i am woman hear me roar","passages":[{"title":"I Am Woman","text":"Reddy had no expectations for the track . `` It clearly was not hit - single material and got no airplay at all . I used it as an opening song whenever I performed live , and it was always well received : I also noticed that the song was being singled out for mention in fan mail . '' But more than a year later , the song was picked to run behind the opening credits of Stand Up and Be Counted , a lightweight Hollywood women 's lib comedy starring Jacqueline Bisset , Loretta Swit and Steve Lawrence . `` The decision - makers at Capitol Records thought that , in case the film was a hit , they should release `` I Am Woman '' as a single . '' In its initial form , the original version ran to little more than two minutes , so Reddy was asked to write an additional verse and chorus . The extra verse inserted the song 's only reference to men ( `` Until I make my brother understand '' ) .","sentences":["Reddy had no expectations for the track .","`` It clearly was not hit - single material and got no airplay at all .","I used it as an opening song whenever I performed live , and it was always well received : I also noticed that the song was being singled out for mention in fan mail . ''","But more than a year later , the song was picked to run behind the opening credits of Stand Up and Be Counted , a lightweight Hollywood women 's lib comedy starring Jacqueline Bisset , Loretta Swit and Steve Lawrence .","`` The decision - makers at Capitol Records thought that , in case the film was a hit , they should release `` I Am Woman '' as a single . ''","In its initial form , the original version ran to little more than two minutes , so Reddy was asked to write an additional verse and chorus .","The extra verse inserted the song 's only reference to men ( `` Until I make my brother understand '' ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8118644352336224192","input":"who pays for the work on mike makes it right","passages":[{"title":"Holmes on Homes","text":"Hit the Deck - Mike and crew travel to Saint John , New Brunswick , to help a homeowner whose second - story deck had recently collapsed , injuring the homeowner and several friends . Mike discovers the problem behind the collapse , and builds a replacement for the homeowner . Kevin Howe , the winner of the second Handyman Superstar Challenge , also has a small guest appearance in this episode . Rocky Reno - The Holmes crew travel to Canmore , Alberta , to fix a front porch and entranceway that was part of an addition . The homeowners became wary of the original contractor after their product started to substantially differ from the plans , and the contractor demanded the completion payment well before the job was complete . Paradise Island - In Northern Ontario , Mike comes to the aid of a homeowner who had a serious injury in her cottage on an island , prompting the need of a bathroom renovation with shower bars to help her move in and out of her shower . However , the original contractor , though meaning well , had also taken the opportunity to treat the job as if it were a vacation , taking a month to do a four - day job , while leaving serious water issues untouched . Mike comes to the rescue by helping her relocate a hot water heater originally in the exterior of the cottage , while redoing the bathroom and the entrance ramp , as he discovers that the rails are installed on the wrong side ( and the more dangerous side remains exposed ) - all while noting that , because of their location on an island , any missing supplies will take 30 minutes to recover from their truck at shore , and a trip to the store could take up to three hours . Lien on Me - In this two - hour special episode , Mike deals with a couple who had a `` friend '' do an addition . Although the work was originally estimated to cost just over $200,000 , the `` friend '' later put a lien on the house for more than $500,000 and took the owners of the house to court . Mike and the crew take the house down brick by brick and stud by stud to save the family from shoddy work done under the previous contract , then design an eco-friendly home and construct it on the site . This episode is notable for employing over 100 companies and 30 months of construction work ( demolition having started sometime in Season 5 , and construction during Season 6 ) - to date the most extensive work on the show , in terms of materials , manpower , and time . The Lien on Me episodes are the ones that are shown the least on TV and are very hard to find anywhere . Almost any other Holmes on Homes Episode is aired on a regular basis Brick - A-Brack - When Mike seemingly comes on the job for exterior work only ( later found to have been caused by a humidifier which had been running continuously ) , they discover that the homeowners ' possessions , which were piled from floor to ceiling , are preventing them from doing a full basement inspection . The Holmes crew not only repairs the exterior issue , but also helps the homeowners to sort and throw out their unnecessary possessions . Re-Inventing - The Holmes Crew inspects a house that has had intermittent heating issues in the six years since it was built , yet had gone unaddressed by the builder or Ontario 's New Home Warranty Program ( due to a series of bureaucratic issues and `` band - aid '' remedies ) . The problem was discovered to have been caused in part by alterations to the design of the house having been done without necessary matching alterations to the HVAC system , thus forcing Holmes and his crew to completely replace the HVAC , hot water , and electrical systems . Behind the Scenes - In this special episode , the Holmes crew ( both construction and production ) reveal the behind the scenes work during the filming from the seventh season , including the process from viewer submission to filming , how three or four episodes are produced at the same time , and the logistical issues with having a camera crew and a construction crew trying to work over each other . The episode includes behind - the - scenes footage from Additional Grief , Country Kitchen , Paradise Island , Lien on Me , and an upcoming episode titled Blind Faith , as well as a Maxwell House commercial and Mike 's interview on 20 \/ 20 . It also explores the origins of the series and how the Holmes Foundation was founded , as well as providing some insight into the Holmes family ( all three of Mike 's children work on the show in some capacity ) . Blind Faith - After winning a $15,000 bathroom renovation from a church auction , the homeowners discover that the contractor behind the renovation prize had spent another $15,000 with only a rough - in to show for the $30,000 worth of work . The Holmes Crew arrives to fix the bathroom . Kitchen Knockout - George Chuvalo , former heavyweight boxer , finds himself the victim of a disreputable contractor . When the situation was brought to Mike Holmes ' attention , he felt honored to help out his boyhood hero . Pane in the Glass - The homeowners call in the Holmes Crew to fix a bay window . The original contractor 's work , involving replacing a regular window with a bay window without supporting structure , were captured on tape by a neighbor 's home security system cameras . Gut Ache - The Holmes Crew arrive to help a homeowner with a kitchen renovation -- the previous renovators had specialized in finishing work ( such as cabinets ) , but had not addressed any of the underlying problems at all . A Different Slant - The Holmes Crew address a couple who every year has snow accumulating in their attic -- so much that they are forced to shovel it all into plastic bags . Rock Bottom - The Holmes Crew address a custom - built home , whose brand - new components are beginning to show signs of deterioration . Footage from this episode was also featured on CBC Marketplace in 2009 , where two other homes built by the same builder were investigated . Capital Offense ( a.k.a. Bath Reno Gone Wrong ) - The Holmes Crew travel to Ottawa , Ontario to help two of the show 's biggest fans , who , despite having heeded Mike 's advice and researched meticulously , nevertheless find that their bathroom renovation has gone awry .","sentences":["Hit the Deck - Mike and crew travel to Saint John , New Brunswick , to help a homeowner whose second - story deck had recently collapsed , injuring the homeowner and several friends .","Mike discovers the problem behind the collapse , and builds a replacement for the homeowner .","Kevin Howe , the winner of the second Handyman Superstar Challenge , also has a small guest appearance in this episode .","Rocky Reno - The Holmes crew travel to Canmore , Alberta , to fix a front porch and entranceway that was part of an addition .","The homeowners became wary of the original contractor after their product started to substantially differ from the plans , and the contractor demanded the completion payment well before the job was complete .","Paradise Island - In Northern Ontario , Mike comes to the aid of a homeowner who had a serious injury in her cottage on an island , prompting the need of a bathroom renovation with shower bars to help her move in and out of her shower .","However , the original contractor , though meaning well , had also taken the opportunity to treat the job as if it were a vacation , taking a month to do a four - day job , while leaving serious water issues untouched .","Mike comes to the rescue by helping her relocate a hot water heater originally in the exterior of the cottage , while redoing the bathroom and the entrance ramp , as he discovers that the rails are installed on the wrong side ( and the more dangerous side remains exposed ) - all while noting that , because of their location on an island , any missing supplies will take 30 minutes to recover from their truck at shore , and a trip to the store could take up to three hours .","Lien on Me - In this two - hour special episode , Mike deals with a couple who had a `` friend '' do an addition .","Although the work was originally estimated to cost just over $200,000 , the `` friend '' later put a lien on the house for more than $500,000 and took the owners of the house to court .","Mike and the crew take the house down brick by brick and stud by stud to save the family from shoddy work done under the previous contract , then design an eco-friendly home and construct it on the site .","This episode is notable for employing over 100 companies and 30 months of construction work ( demolition having started sometime in Season 5 , and construction during Season 6 ) - to date the most extensive work on the show , in terms of materials , manpower , and time .","The Lien on Me episodes are the ones that are shown the least on TV and are very hard to find anywhere .","Almost any other Holmes on Homes Episode is aired on a regular basis Brick - A-Brack - When Mike seemingly comes on the job for exterior work only ( later found to have been caused by a humidifier which had been running continuously ) , they discover that the homeowners ' possessions , which were piled from floor to ceiling , are preventing them from doing a full basement inspection .","The Holmes crew not only repairs the exterior issue , but also helps the homeowners to sort and throw out their unnecessary possessions .","Re-Inventing - The Holmes Crew inspects a house that has had intermittent heating issues in the six years since it was built , yet had gone unaddressed by the builder or Ontario 's New Home Warranty Program ( due to a series of bureaucratic issues and `` band - aid '' remedies ) .","The problem was discovered to have been caused in part by alterations to the design of the house having been done without necessary matching alterations to the HVAC system , thus forcing Holmes and his crew to completely replace the HVAC , hot water , and electrical systems .","Behind the Scenes - In this special episode , the Holmes crew ( both construction and production ) reveal the behind the scenes work during the filming from the seventh season , including the process from viewer submission to filming , how three or four episodes are produced at the same time , and the logistical issues with having a camera crew and a construction crew trying to work over each other .","The episode includes behind - the - scenes footage from Additional Grief , Country Kitchen , Paradise Island , Lien on Me , and an upcoming episode titled Blind Faith , as well as a Maxwell House commercial and Mike 's interview on 20 \/ 20 .","It also explores the origins of the series and how the Holmes Foundation was founded , as well as providing some insight into the Holmes family ( all three of Mike 's children work on the show in some capacity ) .","Blind Faith - After winning a $15,000 bathroom renovation from a church auction , the homeowners discover that the contractor behind the renovation prize had spent another $15,000 with only a rough - in to show for the $30,000 worth of work .","The Holmes Crew arrives to fix the bathroom .","Kitchen Knockout - George Chuvalo , former heavyweight boxer , finds himself the victim of a disreputable contractor .","When the situation was brought to Mike Holmes ' attention , he felt honored to help out his boyhood hero .","Pane in the Glass - The homeowners call in the Holmes Crew to fix a bay window .","The original contractor 's work , involving replacing a regular window with a bay window without supporting structure , were captured on tape by a neighbor 's home security system cameras .","Gut Ache - The Holmes Crew arrive to help a homeowner with a kitchen renovation -- the previous renovators had specialized in finishing work ( such as cabinets ) , but had not addressed any of the underlying problems at all .","A Different Slant - The Holmes Crew address a couple who every year has snow accumulating in their attic -- so much that they are forced to shovel it all into plastic bags .","Rock Bottom -","The Holmes Crew address a custom - built home , whose brand - new components are beginning to show signs of deterioration .","Footage from this episode was also featured on CBC Marketplace in 2009 , where two other homes built by the same builder were investigated .","Capital Offense ( a.k.a.","Bath Reno Gone Wrong ) -","The Holmes Crew travel to Ottawa , Ontario to help two of the show 's biggest fans , who , despite having heeded Mike 's advice and researched meticulously , nevertheless find that their bathroom renovation has gone awry ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6132862958517172237","input":"when do the seahawks play their first season game","passages":[{"title":"Seattle Seahawks","text":"In 2002 , the Seahawks began playing at what is now CenturyLink Field . Every regular season and playoff game at CenturyLink Field since the 2nd week of the 2003 season has been played before a sellout crowd . Like the Kingdome before it , CenturyLink Field is one of the loudest stadiums in the league . The stadium 's partial roof and seating decks trap and amplify the noise and reflect it back down to the field . This noise has caused problems for opposing teams , causing them to commit numerous false - start penalties . From 2002 through 2012 , there have been 143 false - start penalties on visiting teams in Seattle , second only to the Minnesota Vikings .","sentences":["In 2002 , the Seahawks began playing at what is now CenturyLink Field .","Every regular season and playoff game at CenturyLink Field since the 2nd week of the 2003 season has been played before a sellout crowd .","Like the Kingdome before it , CenturyLink Field is one of the loudest stadiums in the league .","The stadium 's partial roof and seating decks trap and amplify the noise and reflect it back down to the field .","This noise has caused problems for opposing teams , causing them to commit numerous false - start penalties .","From 2002 through 2012 , there have been 143 false - start penalties on visiting teams in Seattle , second only to the Minnesota Vikings ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4666359127110589675","input":"when do they start selling beer in florida","passages":[{"title":"List of alcohol laws of the United States","text":"Utah Yes Restaurants : Noon to midnight for liquor , 10 : 00 a.m. to 1 : 00 a.m. for beer . Bars may serve liquor from 10 : 00 a.m. to 1 : 00 a.m. Varies by state liquor store hours 3.2 only No 21 ABV > 4.0 + % sold in state - controlled stores only . 3.2 % ABW ( 4.0 % ABV ) beer may be sold at grocery stores and convenience stores . State - controlled stores close on Sundays and cease operations no later than 10 p.m. the rest of the week . Restaurants must buy from the state - controlled store ( no delivery ) at retail prices . No alcohol is served in restaurants without purchase of food . Sales of kegs prohibited . Importation of alcohol into the state by private individuals generally prohibited .","sentences":["Utah Yes Restaurants : Noon to midnight for liquor , 10 : 00 a.m. to 1 : 00 a.m. for beer .","Bars may serve liquor from 10 : 00 a.m. to 1 : 00 a.m.","Varies by state liquor store hours 3.2 only No 21 ABV > 4.0 + % sold in state - controlled stores only .","3.2 % ABW ( 4.0 % ABV ) beer may be sold at grocery stores and convenience stores .","State - controlled stores close on Sundays and cease operations no later than 10 p.m. the rest of the week .","Restaurants must buy from the state - controlled store ( no delivery ) at retail prices .","No alcohol is served in restaurants without purchase of food .","Sales of kegs prohibited .","Importation of alcohol into the state by private individuals generally prohibited ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4593278173621307588","input":"summary of the novel around the world in 80 days","passages":[{"title":"Around the World in Eighty Days","text":"The most obvious took place between 1869 and 1871 , when American William Perry Fogg traveled the world , describing his tour in a series of letters to The Cleveland Leader newspaper , entitled , Round the World : Letters from Japan , China , India , and Egypt ( 1872 ) . But long before Fogg , Greek traveller Pausanias ( c. 100 AD ) wrote a work that was translated into French in 1797 as Voyage autour du monde ( `` Around the World '' ) . Verne 's friend Jacques Arago had written a very popular Voyage autour du monde in 1853 . In 1869 -- 70 the idea of travelling around the world reached critical popular attention when three geographical breakthroughs occurred : the completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad in America ( 1869 ) , the linking of the Indian railways across the sub-continent ( 1870 ) , and the opening of the Suez Canal ( 1869 ) . In 1871 appeared Around the World by Steam , via Pacific Railway , published by the Union Pacific Railroad Company , and an Around the World in A Hundred and Twenty Days by Edmond Planchut . In early 1870 , the Erie Railway Company published a statement of routes , times , and distances detailing a trip around the globe of 23,739 miles in seventy - seven days and twenty - one hours .","sentences":["The most obvious took place between 1869 and 1871 , when American William Perry Fogg traveled the world , describing his tour in a series of letters to The Cleveland Leader newspaper , entitled , Round the World : Letters from Japan , China , India , and Egypt ( 1872 ) .","But long before Fogg , Greek traveller Pausanias ( c. 100 AD ) wrote a work that was translated into French in 1797 as Voyage autour du monde ( `` Around the World '' ) .","Verne 's friend Jacques Arago had written a very popular Voyage autour du monde in 1853 .","In 1869 -- 70 the idea of travelling around the world reached critical popular attention when three geographical breakthroughs occurred : the completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad in America ( 1869 ) , the linking of the Indian railways across the sub-continent ( 1870 ) , and the opening of the Suez Canal ( 1869 ) .","In 1871 appeared Around the World by Steam , via Pacific Railway , published by the Union Pacific Railroad Company , and an Around the World in A Hundred and Twenty Days by Edmond Planchut .","In early 1870 , the Erie Railway Company published a statement of routes , times , and distances detailing a trip around the globe of 23,739 miles in seventy - seven days and twenty - one hours ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4666413374637572424","input":"where was the movie the big sick filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Big Sick","text":"In February 2016 , Zoe Kazan joined the cast , along with Holly Hunter and Ray Romano in April 2016 . Unlike many of the other portrayals in The Big Sick , Romano 's and Hunter 's roles in the film were not modeled after Emily V. Gordon 's actual parents . Instead , Hunter revealed that she never contacted or met Gordon 's mother in preparing for her role , explaining : `` I never even met ( co-writer ) Emily ( V. Gordon ) 's mother . I never spoke with her on the phone ... I wanted to feel my own freedom with the character . In May 2016 , Aidy Bryant , Bo Burnham , and Kurt Braunohler also joined the cast of the film . That same month , Adeel Akhtar joined the cast of the film . David Alan Grier was cast in The Big Sick after he met with Emily V. Gordon when she was a writer for The Carmichael Show . Grier 's role was part of a larger subplot that was ultimately cut from the film 's release .","sentences":["In February 2016 , Zoe Kazan joined the cast , along with Holly Hunter and Ray Romano in April 2016 .","Unlike many of the other portrayals in The Big Sick , Romano 's and Hunter 's roles in the film were not modeled after Emily V. Gordon 's actual parents .","Instead , Hunter revealed that she never contacted or met Gordon 's mother in preparing for her role , explaining : `` I never even met ( co-writer )","Emily ( V. Gordon ) 's mother .","I never spoke with her on the phone ...","I wanted to feel my own freedom with the character .","In May 2016 , Aidy Bryant , Bo Burnham , and Kurt Braunohler also joined the cast of the film .","That same month , Adeel Akhtar joined the cast of the film .","David Alan Grier was cast in The Big Sick after he met with Emily V. Gordon when she was a writer for The Carmichael Show .","Grier 's role was part of a larger subplot that was ultimately cut from the film 's release ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1837947401686459631","input":"where did you go mighty mighty bosstones lyrics","passages":[{"title":"Where'd You Go? (EP)","text":"Where 'd You Go ? is an EP by The Mighty Mighty Bosstones released in 1991 by Taang ! Records . It features the title track , `` Where 'd You Go ? '' which also appeared on their 1992 LP , More Noise and Other Disturbances . The video for the song was shot in Boston and received minor MTV airplay . The EP also features cover versions of Aerosmith 's `` Sweet Emotion '' , Metallica 's `` Enter Sandman '' , and Van Halen 's `` Ai n't Talkin ' ' bout Love '' as well as an updated version of `` Do Something Crazy '' , which previously appeared on The Mighty Mighty Bosstones ' debut album , Devil 's Night Out .","sentences":["Where 'd You Go ?","is an EP by The Mighty Mighty Bosstones released in 1991 by Taang !","Records .","It features the title track , `` Where 'd You Go ? ''","which also appeared on their 1992 LP , More Noise and Other Disturbances .","The video for the song was shot in Boston and received minor MTV airplay .","The EP also features cover versions of Aerosmith 's `` Sweet Emotion '' , Metallica 's `` Enter Sandman '' , and Van Halen 's `` Ai n't Talkin ' ' bout Love '' as well as an updated version of `` Do Something Crazy '' , which previously appeared on The Mighty Mighty Bosstones ' debut album , Devil 's Night Out ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1557677769864021270","input":"difference between current and previous version of java","passages":[{"title":"Java version history","text":"Library improvements Regular expressions modeled after Perl regular expressions Exception chaining allows an exception to encapsulate original lower - level exception Internet Protocol version 6 ( IPv6 ) support Non-blocking IO ( named New Input \/ Output , NIO ) ( specified in JSR 51 ) Logging API ( specified in JSR 47 ) Image I \/ O API for reading and writing images in formats like JPEG and PNG Integrated XML parser and XSLT processor ( JAXP ) ( specified in JSR 5 and JSR 63 ) Integrated security and cryptography extensions ( JCE , JSSE , JAAS ) Java Web Start included ( Java Web Start was first released in March 2001 for J2SE 1.3 ) ( specified in JSR 56 ) Preferences API ( java. util. prefs )","sentences":["Library improvements Regular expressions modeled after Perl regular expressions Exception chaining allows an exception to encapsulate original lower - level exception Internet Protocol version 6 ( IPv6 ) support Non-blocking IO ( named New Input \/ Output , NIO ) ( specified in JSR 51 )","Logging API ( specified in JSR 47 )","Image I \/ O API for reading and writing images in formats like JPEG and PNG Integrated XML parser and XSLT processor ( JAXP ) ( specified in JSR 5 and JSR 63 )","Integrated security and cryptography extensions ( JCE , JSSE , JAAS )","Java Web Start included ( Java Web Start was first released in March 2001 for J2SE 1.3 ) ( specified in JSR 56 )","Preferences API ( java.","util.","prefs )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2503581832319802334","input":"where did the black widow spider get its name","passages":[{"title":"Spider","text":"Xiphosura ( horseshoe crabs ) Eurypterida \u2020 Chasmataspidida \u2020 Arachnida Scorpiones Opiliones ( harvestmen ) Pseudoscorpiones Solifugae ( sun spiders ) Palpigradi ( microwhip scorpions ) Trigonotarbida \u2020 Araneae ( spiders ) Haptopoda \u2020 Amblypygi ( whip spiders ) Thelyphonida ( whip scorpions ) Schizomida Ricinulei ( hooded tickspiders ) Anactinotrichida Acariformes ( mites )","sentences":["Xiphosura ( horseshoe crabs ) Eurypterida \u2020","Chasmataspidida \u2020 Arachnida Scorpiones Opiliones ( harvestmen ) Pseudoscorpiones Solifugae ( sun spiders )","Palpigradi ( microwhip scorpions ) Trigonotarbida \u2020 Araneae ( spiders )","Haptopoda \u2020","Amblypygi ( whip spiders )","Thelyphonida ( whip scorpions ) Schizomida Ricinulei ( hooded tickspiders )","Anactinotrichida Acariformes ( mites )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"155983935491244665","input":"what was the cause of the spanish inquisition","passages":[{"title":"Spanish Inquisition","text":"Many Moriscos were suspected of practising Islam in secret , and the jealousy with which they guarded the privacy of their domestic life prevented the verification of this suspicion . Initially they were not severely persecuted by the Inquisition , experiencing instead a policy of evangelization without torture , a policy not followed with those conversos who were suspected of being crypto - Jews . There were various reasons for this . Most importantly , in the kingdoms of Valencia and Aragon a large number of the Moriscos were under the jurisdiction of the nobility , and persecution would have been viewed as a frontal assault on the economic interests of this powerful social class . Still , fears ran high among the population that the Moriscos were traitorous , especially in Granada . The coast was regularly raided by Barbary pirates backed by Spain 's enemy the Ottoman Empire , and the Moriscos were suspected of aiding them .","sentences":["Many Moriscos were suspected of practising Islam in secret , and the jealousy with which they guarded the privacy of their domestic life prevented the verification of this suspicion .","Initially they were not severely persecuted by the Inquisition , experiencing instead a policy of evangelization without torture , a policy not followed with those conversos who were suspected of being crypto - Jews .","There were various reasons for this .","Most importantly , in the kingdoms of Valencia and Aragon a large number of the Moriscos were under the jurisdiction of the nobility , and persecution would have been viewed as a frontal assault on the economic interests of this powerful social class .","Still , fears ran high among the population that the Moriscos were traitorous , especially in Granada .","The coast was regularly raided by Barbary pirates backed by Spain 's enemy the Ottoman Empire , and the Moriscos were suspected of aiding them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6599882679576722362","input":"what episodes of kc undercover is brett in","passages":[{"title":"List of K.C. Undercover episodes","text":"Kira is excited to be nominated for an Orgi Award -- given to spies by the Organization -- for the first time in her career . She is upset to learn that K.C. has also been nominated for the same award . K.C. becomes sick with food poisoning and must stay home while her family attends the awards ceremony . Tolentin\u00f3 , the son of an imprisoned criminal who was captured by one of the Organization 's spies , takes over the ceremony with help from his henchmen . Tolentin\u00f3 disables everyone 's electronic devices and intends to interrogate each spy until he locates the one who captured his father . Judy , who is still functional , sends a message to K.C. for help . K.C. recovers from her illness and has Marisa stay in an undercover van so she can guide her through the building using schematics . K.C. finds the ceremony room and rescues the audience . After Tolentin\u00f3 is captured , the awards ceremony resumes , and Kira wins the nomination . Guest stars : John O'Hurley as Buck Marshall , Adam Irigoyen as Tolentin\u00f3","sentences":["Kira is excited to be nominated for an Orgi Award -- given to spies by the Organization -- for the first time in her career .","She is upset to learn that K.C. has also been nominated for the same award .","K.C. becomes sick with food poisoning and must stay home while her family attends the awards ceremony .","Tolentin\u00f3 , the son of an imprisoned criminal who was captured by one of the Organization 's spies , takes over the ceremony with help from his henchmen .","Tolentin\u00f3 disables everyone 's electronic devices and intends to interrogate each spy until he locates the one who captured his father .","Judy , who is still functional , sends a message to K.C. for help .","K.C. recovers from her illness and has Marisa stay in an undercover van so she can guide her through the building using schematics .","K.C. finds the ceremony room and rescues the audience .","After Tolentin\u00f3 is captured , the awards ceremony resumes , and Kira wins the nomination .","Guest stars : John O'Hurley as Buck Marshall , Adam Irigoyen as Tolentin\u00f3"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3140038373891678990","input":"why was germany divided into east and west by 1949","passages":[{"title":"History of Germany (1945\u201390)","text":"On 28 November , West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl outlined the 10 - Point Plan for the peaceful unification of the two German states , based on free elections in East Germany and a unification of their two economies . In December , the East German Volkskammer eliminated the SED monopoly on power , and the entire Politb\u00fcro and Central Committee -- including Krenz -- resigned . The SED changed its name to the Party of Democratic Socialism ( PDS ) and the formation and growth of numerous political groups and parties marked the end of the communist system . Prime Minister Hans Modrow headed a caretaker government which shared power with the new , democratically oriented parties . On 7 December 1989 , an agreement was reached to hold free elections in May 1990 and rewrite the East German constitution . On 28 January , all the parties agreed to advance the elections to 18 March , primarily because of an erosion of state authority and because the East German exodus was continuing apace ; more than 117,000 left in January and February 1990 .","sentences":["On 28 November , West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl outlined the 10 - Point Plan for the peaceful unification of the two German states , based on free elections in East Germany and a unification of their two economies .","In December , the East German Volkskammer eliminated the SED monopoly on power , and the entire Politb\u00fcro and Central Committee -- including Krenz -- resigned .","The SED changed its name to the Party of Democratic Socialism ( PDS ) and the formation and growth of numerous political groups and parties marked the end of the communist system .","Prime Minister Hans Modrow headed a caretaker government which shared power with the new , democratically oriented parties .","On 7 December 1989 , an agreement was reached to hold free elections in May 1990 and rewrite the East German constitution .","On 28 January , all the parties agreed to advance the elections to 18 March , primarily because of an erosion of state authority and because the East German exodus was continuing apace ; more than 117,000 left in January and February 1990 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7736632984676986434","input":"who played the captain of the flying dutchman","passages":[{"title":"Flying Dutchman (Pirates of the Caribbean)","text":"Her low freeboard allows for such heavy cannons because they 're lower to the waterline . The crew also keep the lower gun ports closed unless going on the attack as would be found with most armed vessels of the 17th and 18th centuries . Being that the ship is called the flying `` Dutchman , '' and based on historical ships , it can be presumed that her origin lies with the Dutch Republic of the late 16th to early 17th century . This would make sense since , at the time , the Dutch possessed the fastest and strongest warships in the world , rivaled only by English warships . Dutch warships were also relatively small to medium - sized and shallow on the draft to defend the Netherlands ' shallow coastal waters . Heavily armed , their galleons frequently carried both 24 - and 36 - pounder cannons to be utilized in their favored tactic of close quarters ship combat ( typically within pistol shot range ) that focused on shattering the hulls of their enemies . This is clearly shown to be the preferred tactic of the Dutchman 's crew in At World 's End as they attack the pirate fleet where they employ rapid surprise attacks featuring powerful broadsides in close range to sink the opposing ships . It has been noted in the Complete Visual Guide that the ship was a gift by Calypso , which Davy Jones had captained for a century prior to the events of the films which are set around 1740 . This would place the Flying Dutchman right in the prime of the Dutch Republic 's high watermark for their global naval supremacy - clear evidence for her highly powerful armament .","sentences":["Her low freeboard allows for such heavy cannons because they 're lower to the waterline .","The crew also keep the lower gun ports closed unless going on the attack as would be found with most armed vessels of the 17th and 18th centuries .","Being that the ship is called the flying `` Dutchman , '' and based on historical ships , it can be presumed that her origin lies with the Dutch Republic of the late 16th to early 17th century .","This would make sense since , at the time , the Dutch possessed the fastest and strongest warships in the world , rivaled only by English warships .","Dutch warships were also relatively small to medium - sized and shallow on the draft to defend the Netherlands ' shallow coastal waters .","Heavily armed , their galleons frequently carried both 24 - and 36 - pounder cannons to be utilized in their favored tactic of close quarters ship combat ( typically within pistol shot range ) that focused on shattering the hulls of their enemies .","This is clearly shown to be the preferred tactic of the Dutchman 's crew in At World 's End as they attack the pirate fleet where they employ rapid surprise attacks featuring powerful broadsides in close range to sink the opposing ships .","It has been noted in the Complete Visual Guide that the ship was a gift by Calypso , which Davy Jones had captained for a century prior to the events of the films which are set around 1740 .","This would place the Flying Dutchman right in the prime of the Dutch Republic 's high watermark for their global naval supremacy - clear evidence for her highly powerful armament ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"711742169073619801","input":"when did the labour party come to power","passages":[{"title":"Labour Party (UK)","text":"The day after 7 May 2015 election , Miliband resigned as party leader . Harriet Harman again became acting leader . The Labour Party held a leadership election , in which Jeremy Corbyn , then a member of the Socialist Campaign Group , was considered a fringe hopeful when the contest began , receiving nominations from just 36 MPs , one more than the minimum required to stand , and the support of just 16 MPs . However , he benefited from a large influx of new members as well as new affiliated and registered supporters introduced under Miliband . On 12 September , he was elected leader by a landslide . Membership numbers continued to climb after the start of Corbyn 's leadership .","sentences":["The day after 7 May 2015 election , Miliband resigned as party leader .","Harriet Harman again became acting leader .","The Labour Party held a leadership election , in which Jeremy Corbyn , then a member of the Socialist Campaign Group , was considered a fringe hopeful when the contest began , receiving nominations from just 36 MPs , one more than the minimum required to stand , and the support of just 16 MPs .","However , he benefited from a large influx of new members as well as new affiliated and registered supporters introduced under Miliband .","On 12 September , he was elected leader by a landslide .","Membership numbers continued to climb after the start of Corbyn 's leadership ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2076280525855067029","input":"where was how to tame a wild tongue published","passages":[{"title":"Borderlands\/La Frontera: The New Mestiza","text":"In this chapter , Anzald\u00faa speaks about the mestiza . La mestiza , is a product transfer of the cultural and spiritual values one group to another . She goes on to talk about la mestiza as perceiving a vision of reality in a culture that we all communicate . La mestiza gets multiple cultures including the Chicana culture . In the book it is stated that a Chicana culture is the white culture attacking common beliefs of the Mexican culture , and both attack commonly held beliefs of the indigenous culture . This chapter is deep on the thought of the mestiza who constantly has to shift to different problems who constantly include rather than exclude ( 78 - 79 ) . Anzald\u00faa continues the chapter by writing about the work of the mestiza , whose main job is to break down the subject - object duality that keeps one prisoner . It is clear what Anzald\u00faa is trying to portray the pain of Indigenous people , the mestiza being a crossbreed , and how one is culture-less .","sentences":["In this chapter , Anzald\u00faa speaks about the mestiza .","La mestiza , is a product transfer of the cultural and spiritual values one group to another .","She goes on to talk about la mestiza as perceiving a vision of reality in a culture that we all communicate .","La mestiza gets multiple cultures including the Chicana culture .","In the book it is stated that a Chicana culture is the white culture attacking common beliefs of the Mexican culture , and both attack commonly held beliefs of the indigenous culture .","This chapter is deep on the thought of the mestiza who constantly has to shift to different problems who constantly include rather than exclude ( 78 - 79 ) .","Anzald\u00faa continues the chapter by writing about the work of the mestiza , whose main job is to break down the subject - object duality that keeps one prisoner .","It is clear what Anzald\u00faa is trying to portray the pain of Indigenous people , the mestiza being a crossbreed , and how one is culture-less ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1604149660693840860","input":"what do the colors in french flag represent","passages":[{"title":"Flag of France","text":"On 25 February 1848 Lamartine , during the Revolution of 1848 , said about the Tricoloured Flag : `` I spoke as a citizen earlier , Now listen to me , your Foreign Minister . If I remove the tricolor , know it , you will remove me half the external force of France ! Because Europe knows the flag of his defeats and of our victories in the flag of the Republic and of the Empire . By seeing the red flag , they 'll see the flag of a party ! This is the flag of France , it is the flag of our victorious armies , it is the flag of our triumphs that must be addressed before Europe . France and the tricolor is the same thought , the same prestige , even terror , if necessary , for our enemies ! Consider how much blood you would have to make for another flag fame ! Citizens , for me , the red flag , I am not adopting it , and I 'll tell you why I 'm against with all the strength of my patriotism . It 's that the tricolor has toured the world with the Republic and the Empire with your freedoms and your glory , and the red flag was that around the Champ - de-Mars , dragged into the people 's blood '' .","sentences":["On 25 February 1848 Lamartine , during the Revolution of 1848 , said about the Tricoloured Flag : `` I spoke as a citizen earlier , Now listen to me , your Foreign Minister .","If I remove the tricolor , know it , you will remove me half the external force of France !","Because Europe knows the flag of his defeats and of our victories in the flag of the Republic and of the Empire .","By seeing the red flag , they 'll see the flag of a party !","This is the flag of France , it is the flag of our victorious armies , it is the flag of our triumphs that must be addressed before Europe .","France and the tricolor is the same thought , the same prestige , even terror , if necessary , for our enemies !","Consider how much blood you would have to make for another flag fame !","Citizens , for me , the red flag , I am not adopting it , and I 'll tell you why I 'm against with all the strength of my patriotism .","It 's that the tricolor has toured the world with the Republic and the Empire with your freedoms and your glory , and the red flag was that around the Champ - de-Mars , dragged into the people 's blood '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3445465291549344382","input":"the legal principle of free incorporation meant that","passages":[{"title":"Incorporation of the Bill of Rights","text":"In the 1833 case of Barron v. Baltimore , the Supreme Court of the United States held that the Bill of Rights did not apply to state governments ; such protections were instead provided by the constitutions of each state . After the Civil War , Congress and the states ratified the Fourteenth Amendment , which included the Due Process Clause and the Privileges or Immunities Clause . While the Fifth Amendment had included a due process clause , the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment crucially differed from the Fifth Amendment in that it explicitly applied to the states . The Privileges or Immunities Clause also explicitly applied to the states , unlike the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV of the Constitution . In the Slaughter - House Cases ( 1873 ) , the Supreme Court ruled that the Privileges or Immunities Clause was not designed to protected individuals from the actions of state governments . In Twining v. New Jersey ( 1908 ) , the Supreme Court acknowledged that the Due Process Clause might incorporate some of the Bill of Rights , but continued to reject any incorporation under the Privileges or Immunities Clause .","sentences":["In the 1833 case of Barron v. Baltimore , the Supreme Court of the United States held that the Bill of Rights did not apply to state governments ; such protections were instead provided by the constitutions of each state .","After the Civil War , Congress and the states ratified the Fourteenth Amendment , which included the Due Process Clause and the Privileges or Immunities Clause .","While the Fifth Amendment had included a due process clause , the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment crucially differed from the Fifth Amendment in that it explicitly applied to the states .","The Privileges or Immunities Clause also explicitly applied to the states , unlike the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV of the Constitution .","In the Slaughter - House Cases ( 1873 ) , the Supreme Court ruled that the Privileges or Immunities Clause was not designed to protected individuals from the actions of state governments .","In Twining v. New Jersey ( 1908 ) , the Supreme Court acknowledged that the Due Process Clause might incorporate some of the Bill of Rights , but continued to reject any incorporation under the Privileges or Immunities Clause ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3088737367570098160","input":"what happened to suzanne in orange is the new black","passages":[{"title":"Crazy Eyes (character)","text":"In season five , Suzanne continues to recover from her injuries and also goes out of her way to help Maureen , whose injuries are severe . The chaos of the riot prevents the consistency she is used to and has a hard time adjusting . Other inmates try to mimic the consistency for her at times . She continues to believe that Poussey 's spirit is trying to talk to her and performs a seance on the spot in the cafeteria where Poussey died . Lorna and Nicky take over the dispensation of meds ; Lorna refuses to give Suzanne hers , pressuring her to believe she no longer needs them . As a result , Suzanne 's grasp on reality soon spirals out of control , especially when she tears down fiberboard in the dorm ceiling , trying to find `` heaven '' . Cindy intervenes but , not knowing the correct prescriptions , feeds Suzanne lithium instead . Suzanne becomes catatonic but is subsequently revived by an epipen .","sentences":["In season five , Suzanne continues to recover from her injuries and also goes out of her way to help Maureen , whose injuries are severe .","The chaos of the riot prevents the consistency she is used to and has a hard time adjusting .","Other inmates try to mimic the consistency for her at times .","She continues to believe that Poussey 's spirit is trying to talk to her and performs a seance on the spot in the cafeteria where Poussey died .","Lorna and Nicky take over the dispensation of meds ; Lorna refuses to give Suzanne hers , pressuring her to believe she no longer needs them .","As a result , Suzanne 's grasp on reality soon spirals out of control , especially when she tears down fiberboard in the dorm ceiling , trying to find `` heaven '' .","Cindy intervenes but , not knowing the correct prescriptions , feeds Suzanne lithium instead .","Suzanne becomes catatonic but is subsequently revived by an epipen ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6458768865353537871","input":"who was involved in the fur trade in canada","passages":[{"title":"Fur trade","text":"Russian fur trappers , called promyshlenniki , hunted in one of two types of bands of 10 -- 15 men , called ' ' vatagi ' ' ( ru ) . The first was an independent band of blood relatives or unrelated people who contributed an equal share of the hunting - expedition expenses ; the second was a band of hired hunters who participated in expeditions fully funded by the trading companies which employed them . Members of an independent vataga cooperated and shared all necessary work associated with fur trapping , including making and setting traps , building forts and camps , stockpiling firewood and grain , and fishing . All fur pelts went into a common pool that the band divided equally among themselves after Russian officials exacted the tithing tax . On the other hand , a trading company provided hired fur - trappers with the money needed for transportation , food , and supplies , and once the hunt was finished , the employer received two - thirds of the pelts and the remaining ones were sold and the proceeds divided evenly among the hired laborers . During the summer , promyshlenniki would set up a summer camp to stockpile grain and fish , and many engaged in agricultural work for extra money . During late summer or early fall the vatagi left their hunting grounds , surveyed the area , and set up a winter camp . Each member of the group set at least 10 traps and the vatagi divided into smaller groups of 2 to 3 men who cooperated to maintain certain traps . Promyshlenniki checked traps daily , resetting them or replacing bait whenever necessary . The promyshlenniki employed both passive and active hunting - strategies . The passive approach involved setting traps , while the active approach involved the use of hunting - dogs and of bows - and - arrows . Occasionally , hunters also followed sable tracks to their burrows , around which they placed nets , and waited for the sable to emerge .","sentences":["Russian fur trappers , called promyshlenniki , hunted in one of two types of bands of 10 -- 15 men , called ' ' vatagi ' ' ( ru ) .","The first was an independent band of blood relatives or unrelated people who contributed an equal share of the hunting - expedition expenses ; the second was a band of hired hunters who participated in expeditions fully funded by the trading companies which employed them .","Members of an independent vataga cooperated and shared all necessary work associated with fur trapping , including making and setting traps , building forts and camps , stockpiling firewood and grain , and fishing .","All fur pelts went into a common pool that the band divided equally among themselves after Russian officials exacted the tithing tax .","On the other hand , a trading company provided hired fur - trappers with the money needed for transportation , food , and supplies , and once the hunt was finished , the employer received two - thirds of the pelts and the remaining ones were sold and the proceeds divided evenly among the hired laborers .","During the summer , promyshlenniki would set up a summer camp to stockpile grain and fish , and many engaged in agricultural work for extra money .","During late summer or early fall the vatagi left their hunting grounds , surveyed the area , and set up a winter camp .","Each member of the group set at least 10 traps and the vatagi divided into smaller groups of 2 to 3 men who cooperated to maintain certain traps .","Promyshlenniki checked traps daily , resetting them or replacing bait whenever necessary .","The promyshlenniki employed both passive and active hunting - strategies .","The passive approach involved setting traps , while the active approach involved the use of hunting - dogs and of bows - and - arrows .","Occasionally , hunters also followed sable tracks to their burrows , around which they placed nets , and waited for the sable to emerge ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1096849216689504615","input":"what is the name of the oldest plant on earth","passages":[{"title":"List of oldest trees","text":"Name Age ( years ) Species Location Country Notes Pando 80,000 -- 1,000,000 Quaking aspen Populus tremuloides Fishlake National Forest , Utah United States Covers 107 acres ( 0.43 km ) and has around 47,000 stems ( average age 130 years ) , which continually die and are renewed by its roots . Is also the heaviest known organism , weighing 6,000 tonnes . Jurupa Oak 13,000 Palmer oak Quercus palmeri Jurupa Mountains , California United States Quercus palmeri Engelm . = Quercus dunnii Kellogg . Old Tjikko 9,550 Norway spruce Picea abies Fulufj\u00e4llet National Park , Dalarna Sweden The tree 's stems live no more than 600 years , but its root system 's age was established using carbon dating and genetic matching . Elsewhere in the Fulu mountains , 20 spruces have been found older than 8,000 years . Old Rasmus 9,500 Norway spruce Picea abies Sonfj\u00e4llet , H\u00e4rjedalen Sweden ? 3,000 -- 10,000 Huon Pine Lagarostrobos franklinii Mount Read , Tasmania Australia Several genetically identical males that have reproduced vegetatively . Although single trees in this stand may be around 3 to 4 thousand years old , the stand itself as a single organism has existed for 10,000 years .","sentences":["Name Age ( years )","Species Location Country Notes Pando 80,000 -- 1,000,000 Quaking aspen Populus tremuloides Fishlake National Forest , Utah United States Covers 107 acres ( 0.43 km ) and has around 47,000 stems ( average age 130 years ) , which continually die and are renewed by its roots .","Is also the heaviest known organism , weighing 6,000 tonnes .","Jurupa Oak 13,000 Palmer oak Quercus palmeri Jurupa Mountains , California United States Quercus palmeri Engelm .","= Quercus dunnii Kellogg .","Old Tjikko 9,550 Norway spruce Picea abies Fulufj\u00e4llet National Park , Dalarna Sweden","The tree 's stems live no more than 600 years , but its root system 's age was established using carbon dating and genetic matching .","Elsewhere in the Fulu mountains , 20 spruces have been found older than 8,000 years .","Old Rasmus 9,500 Norway spruce Picea abies Sonfj\u00e4llet , H\u00e4rjedalen Sweden ?","3,000 -- 10,000 Huon Pine Lagarostrobos franklinii Mount Read , Tasmania Australia Several genetically identical males that have reproduced vegetatively .","Although single trees in this stand may be around 3 to 4 thousand years old , the stand itself as a single organism has existed for 10,000 years ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1046161478012588267","input":"what does a nuclear bomb have in it","passages":[{"title":"Nuclear weapon","text":"In the late 1940s , lack of mutual trust prevented the United States and the Soviet Union from making progress on arms control agreements . The Russell -- Einstein Manifesto was issued in London on July 9 , 1955 , by Bertrand Russell in the midst of the Cold War . It highlighted the dangers posed by nuclear weapons and called for world leaders to seek peaceful resolutions to international conflict . The signatories included eleven pre-eminent intellectuals and scientists , including Albert Einstein , who signed it just days before his death on April 18 , 1955 . A few days after the release , philanthropist Cyrus S. Eaton offered to sponsor a conference -- called for in the manifesto -- in Pugwash , Nova Scotia , Eaton 's birthplace . This conference was to be the first of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs , held in July 1957 .","sentences":["In the late 1940s , lack of mutual trust prevented the United States and the Soviet Union from making progress on arms control agreements .","The Russell -- Einstein Manifesto was issued in London on July 9 , 1955 , by Bertrand Russell in the midst of the Cold War .","It highlighted the dangers posed by nuclear weapons and called for world leaders to seek peaceful resolutions to international conflict .","The signatories included eleven pre-eminent intellectuals and scientists , including Albert Einstein , who signed it just days before his death on April 18 , 1955 .","A few days after the release , philanthropist Cyrus S. Eaton offered to sponsor a conference -- called for in the manifesto -- in Pugwash , Nova Scotia , Eaton 's birthplace .","This conference was to be the first of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs , held in July 1957 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-297172989643135574","input":"where does the name cavalier king charles spaniel come from","passages":[{"title":"Cavalier King Charles Spaniel","text":"The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and the English Toy Spaniel can be often confused with each other . In the United Kingdom , the English Toy Spaniel is called the King Charles Spaniel while in the United States , one of the colours of the Toy Spaniel is known as King Charles . The two breeds share similar history and only diverged from each other about 100 years ago . There are several major differences between the two breeds , with the primary difference being the size . While the Cavalier weighs on average between 13 to 18 pounds ( 5.9 to 8.2 kg ) , the King Charles is smaller at 9 to 15 pounds ( 4.1 to 6.8 kg ) . In addition their facial features while similar , are different ; the Cavalier 's ears are set higher and its skull is flat while the King Charles 's is domed . Finally the muzzle length of the Cavalier tends to be longer than that of its King Charles cousin .","sentences":["The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel and the English Toy Spaniel can be often confused with each other .","In the United Kingdom , the English Toy Spaniel is called the King Charles Spaniel while in the United States , one of the colours of the Toy Spaniel is known as King Charles .","The two breeds share similar history and only diverged from each other about 100 years ago .","There are several major differences between the two breeds , with the primary difference being the size .","While the Cavalier weighs on average between 13 to 18 pounds ( 5.9 to 8.2 kg ) , the King Charles is smaller at 9 to 15 pounds ( 4.1 to 6.8 kg ) .","In addition their facial features while similar , are different ; the Cavalier 's ears are set higher and its skull is flat while the King Charles 's is domed .","Finally the muzzle length of the Cavalier tends to be longer than that of its King Charles cousin ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"901834527826935467","input":"where did the first civilization emerge on the indian subcontinent","passages":[{"title":"History of India","text":"Iron Age ( 1300 -- 230 BCE ) ( show ) Vedic Civilisation ( 2000 -- 500 BCE ) -- Janapadas ( 1500 -- 600 BCE ) -- Black and Red ware culture ( 1300 -- 1000 BCE ) -- Painted Grey Ware culture ( 1200 -- 600 BCE ) -- Northern Black Polished Ware ( 700 -- 200 BCE ) Pradyota Dynasty ( 799 -- 684 BCE ) Haryanka Dynasty ( 684 -- 424 BCE ) Three Crowned Kingdoms ( c. 600 BCE -- 1600 CE ) Maha Janapadas ( c. 600 -- 300 BCE ) Achaemenid Empire ( 550 -- 330 BCE ) Ror Dynasty ( 450 BCE -- 489 CE ) Shishunaga Dynasty ( 424 -- 345 BCE ) Nanda Empire ( 380 -- 321 BCE ) Macedonian Empire ( 330 -- 323 BCE ) Maurya Empire ( 321 -- 184 BCE ) Seleucid India ( 312 -- 303 BCE ) Pandya Empire ( c. 300 BCE -- 1345 CE ) Chera Kingdom ( c. 300 BCE -- 1102 CE ) Chola Empire ( c. 300 BCE -- 1279 CE ) Pallava Empire ( c. 250 BCE -- 800 CE ) Maha - Megha - Vahana Empire ( c. 250 BCE -- c. 500 CE ) Parthian Empire ( 247 BCE -- 224 CE )","sentences":["Iron Age ( 1300 -- 230 BCE ) ( show )","Vedic Civilisation ( 2000 -- 500 BCE ) -- Janapadas ( 1500 -- 600 BCE ) --","Black and Red ware culture ( 1300 -- 1000 BCE ) -- Painted Grey Ware culture ( 1200 -- 600 BCE ) -- Northern Black Polished Ware ( 700 -- 200 BCE ) Pradyota Dynasty ( 799 -- 684 BCE ) Haryanka Dynasty ( 684 -- 424 BCE )","Three Crowned Kingdoms ( c. 600 BCE -- 1600 CE )","Maha Janapadas ( c. 600 -- 300 BCE ) Achaemenid Empire ( 550 -- 330 BCE ) Ror Dynasty ( 450 BCE -- 489 CE )","Shishunaga Dynasty ( 424 -- 345 BCE ) Nanda Empire ( 380 -- 321 BCE ) Macedonian Empire ( 330 -- 323 BCE ) Maurya Empire ( 321 -- 184 BCE )","Seleucid India ( 312 -- 303 BCE ) Pandya Empire ( c. 300 BCE -- 1345 CE )","Chera Kingdom ( c. 300 BCE -- 1102 CE )","Chola Empire ( c. 300 BCE -- 1279 CE ) Pallava Empire ( c. 250 BCE -- 800 CE )","Maha - Megha - Vahana Empire ( c. 250 BCE -- c. 500 CE )","Parthian Empire ( 247 BCE -- 224 CE )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5844584149885571191","input":"where does the prize money come from in horse racing","passages":[{"title":"Purse distribution","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article does not cite any sources . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( December 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject . You may improve this article , discuss the issue on the talk page , or create a new article , as appropriate . ( December 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article does not cite any sources .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( December 2009 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject .","You may improve this article , discuss the issue on the talk page , or create a new article , as appropriate .","( December 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5375510473374591213","input":"when does americas got talent live shows start","passages":[{"title":"America's Got Talent","text":"Prelude to a Dream ( 2009 ) # 121 O Holy Night ( 2010 ) # 2 ( Platinum certification ) Dream with Me ( 2011 ) # 2 ( Gold certification ) Heavenly Christmas ( 2011 ) # 11 Songs from the Silver Screen ( 2012 ) # 7 Awakening ( 2014 ) # 17 Someday at Christmas ( 2016 ) # 93 Two Hearts ( 2017 ) # 100 ( Evancho 's 7th consecutive # 1 ranking on the Classical Albums Chart )","sentences":["Prelude to a Dream ( 2009 )","# 121","O Holy Night ( 2010 )","# 2 ( Platinum certification ) Dream with Me ( 2011 )","# 2 ( Gold certification )","Heavenly Christmas ( 2011 )","# 11 Songs from the Silver Screen ( 2012 )","# 7 Awakening ( 2014 )","# 17","Someday at Christmas ( 2016 )","# 93 Two Hearts ( 2017 )","# 100 ( Evancho 's 7th consecutive # 1 ranking on the Classical Albums Chart )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8916325196464134095","input":"what is the period of a simple pendulum 77 cm long on the earth","passages":[{"title":"Pendulum","text":"Gulf gravimeter : One of the last and most accurate pendulum gravimeters was the apparatus developed in 1929 by the Gulf Research and Development Co . It used two pendulums made of fused quartz , each 10.7 inches ( 270 mm ) in length with a period of 0.89 second , swinging on pyrex knife edge pivots , 180 \u00b0 out of phase . They were mounted in a permanently sealed temperature and humidity controlled vacuum chamber . Stray electrostatic charges on the quartz pendulums had to be discharged by exposing them to a radioactive salt before use . The period was detected by reflecting a light beam from a mirror at the top of the pendulum , recorded by a chart recorder and compared to a precision crystal oscillator calibrated against the WWV radio time signal . This instrument was accurate to within ( 0.3 -- 0.5 ) \u00d7 10 ( 30 -- 50 microgals or 3 -- 5 nm \/ s ) . It was used into the 1960s .","sentences":["Gulf gravimeter : One of the last and most accurate pendulum gravimeters was the apparatus developed in 1929 by the Gulf Research and Development Co .","It used two pendulums made of fused quartz , each 10.7 inches ( 270 mm ) in length with a period of 0.89 second , swinging on pyrex knife edge pivots , 180 \u00b0 out of phase .","They were mounted in a permanently sealed temperature and humidity controlled vacuum chamber .","Stray electrostatic charges on the quartz pendulums had to be discharged by exposing them to a radioactive salt before use .","The period was detected by reflecting a light beam from a mirror at the top of the pendulum , recorded by a chart recorder and compared to a precision crystal oscillator calibrated against the WWV radio time signal .","This instrument was accurate to within ( 0.3 -- 0.5 ) \u00d7 10 ( 30 -- 50 microgals or 3 -- 5 nm \/ s ) .","It was used into the 1960s ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4063947112659752988","input":"what did sir jorah do to bring shame","passages":[{"title":"Jorah Mormont","text":"Jeor Mormont ( father ) Maege Mormont ( aunt ) Dacey Mormont ( paternal cousin ) Alysane Mormont ( paternal cousin ) Lyra Mormont ( paternal cousin ) Jorelle Mormont ( paternal cousin ) Lyanna Mormont ( paternal cousin )","sentences":["Jeor Mormont ( father )","Maege Mormont ( aunt )","Dacey Mormont ( paternal cousin )","Alysane Mormont ( paternal cousin )","Lyra Mormont ( paternal cousin )","Jorelle Mormont ( paternal cousin ) Lyanna Mormont ( paternal cousin )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"979859104053479970","input":"when does the 100 season 3 come out","passages":[{"title":"List of The 100 episodes","text":"In flashbacks , Bellamy witnesses Octavia 's birth ; he names her after Augustus ' sister Octavia the Younger . Due to The Ark 's one child rule , Octavia is forced to live beneath the floor of her family 's quarters . To ensure her daughter 's safety , her mother resorts to prostitution in order to gain notice of guard 's inspections . When Octavia is 16 , Bellamy takes her to a masked ball for Unity Day ; she is caught , and their mother is executed . A year later , Commander Shumway convinces Bellamy to assassinate Jaha , in exchange for a place on the dropship with his sister . In the present , Bellamy combs the camp looking for Octavia , to no avail . He assembles a search party , and they leave for the woods . Meanwhile , Clarke and Raven travel to Finn 's bunker in hopes of finding a radio transmitter with which to contact The Ark , and Raven discovers Finn 's involvement with Clarke . Bellamy , Finn , and Jasper rescue Octavia , and Finn is stabbed in the process .","sentences":["In flashbacks , Bellamy witnesses Octavia 's birth ; he names her after Augustus ' sister Octavia the Younger .","Due to The Ark 's one child rule , Octavia is forced to live beneath the floor of her family 's quarters .","To ensure her daughter 's safety , her mother resorts to prostitution in order to gain notice of guard 's inspections .","When Octavia is 16 , Bellamy takes her to a masked ball for Unity Day ; she is caught , and their mother is executed .","A year later , Commander Shumway convinces Bellamy to assassinate Jaha , in exchange for a place on the dropship with his sister .","In the present , Bellamy combs the camp looking for Octavia , to no avail .","He assembles a search party , and they leave for the woods .","Meanwhile , Clarke and Raven travel to Finn 's bunker in hopes of finding a radio transmitter with which to contact The Ark , and Raven discovers Finn 's involvement with Clarke .","Bellamy , Finn , and Jasper rescue Octavia , and Finn is stabbed in the process ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7582069614988375937","input":"what role did religion play during the nationalist movement in vietnam","passages":[{"title":"Women in Vietnam","text":"The average wage in the country of Vietnam was US $1,540 in 2012 . In 2011 , studies showed `` that women earn 13 % less than men . '' The 2012 survey on workers ' salaries carried out by the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour ( VGCL ) in enterprises nationwide revealed that female workers ' salaries are only 70 - 80 % of their male colleagues ' . The global average gender pay gap is hovering around seventeen percent According to Nguyen Kim Lan , ILO national project coordinator , the only 2 occupational fields where pay is equal is in logistics , and household care . One reason for the disparity is that companies view women as wanting to stay at home and perform more gender role duties . More than seventy percent of laborers in Vietnam are women . The International Labour Organizations recently stated that the gender pay gap has started to increase , according to the ILO Global Wage Report during the 2012 - 13 period , compared to 1999 - 2007 . A two percent increase in the gap was recorded in Vietnam in the period .","sentences":["The average wage in the country of Vietnam was US $1,540 in 2012 .","In 2011 , studies showed `` that women earn 13 % less than men . ''","The 2012 survey on workers ' salaries carried out by the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour ( VGCL ) in enterprises nationwide revealed that female workers ' salaries are only 70 - 80 % of their male colleagues ' .","The global average gender pay gap is hovering around seventeen percent According to Nguyen Kim Lan , ILO national project coordinator , the only 2 occupational fields where pay is equal is in logistics , and household care .","One reason for the disparity is that companies view women as wanting to stay at home and perform more gender role duties .","More than seventy percent of laborers in Vietnam are women .","The International Labour Organizations recently stated that the gender pay gap has started to increase , according to the ILO Global Wage Report during the 2012 - 13 period , compared to 1999 - 2007 .","A two percent increase in the gap was recorded in Vietnam in the period ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6508694330860894529","input":"where do volatiles cause partial melting of the mantle","passages":[{"title":"Partial melting","text":"Partial melting is an important consideration in geology with respect to the chemical differentiation of crustal rocks . Virtually all rocks on Earth derive from material from the interior of the earth that has been partially melted . The main places where partial melting occurs are subduction zones , mid-ocean ridges and hotspots . In all these places partial melting is often associated with volcanism , although some melts do not make it to the surface . Partial melts are thought to play an important role in enriching old parts of the continental lithosphere in incompatible elements . Partial melts produced at depth move upwards due to the compaction of the surrounding matrix .","sentences":["Partial melting is an important consideration in geology with respect to the chemical differentiation of crustal rocks .","Virtually all rocks on Earth derive from material from the interior of the earth that has been partially melted .","The main places where partial melting occurs are subduction zones , mid-ocean ridges and hotspots .","In all these places partial melting is often associated with volcanism , although some melts do not make it to the surface .","Partial melts are thought to play an important role in enriching old parts of the continental lithosphere in incompatible elements .","Partial melts produced at depth move upwards due to the compaction of the surrounding matrix ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-773929075217774408","input":"what are the harmful effects of the portion of uv radiation called uvb","passages":[{"title":"Ultraviolet","text":"However , at ground level sunlight is 44 % visible light , 3 % ultraviolet ( with the Sun at its zenith ) , and the remainder infrared . Thus , the atmosphere blocks about 77 % of the Sun 's UV , almost entirely in the shorter UV wavelengths , when the Sun is highest in the sky ( zenith ) . Of the ultraviolet radiation that reaches the Earth 's surface , more than 95 % is the longer wavelengths of UVA , with the small remainder UVB . There is essentially no UVC . The fraction of UVB which remains in UV radiation after passing through the atmosphere is heavily dependent on cloud cover and atmospheric conditions . Thick clouds block UVB effectively ; but in `` partly cloudy '' days , patches of blue sky showing between clouds are also sources of ( scattered ) UVA and UVB , which are produced by Rayleigh scattering in the same way as the visible blue light from those parts of the sky .","sentences":["However , at ground level sunlight is 44 % visible light , 3 % ultraviolet ( with the Sun at its zenith ) , and the remainder infrared .","Thus , the atmosphere blocks about 77 % of the Sun 's UV , almost entirely in the shorter UV wavelengths , when the Sun is highest in the sky ( zenith ) .","Of the ultraviolet radiation that reaches the Earth 's surface , more than 95 % is the longer wavelengths of UVA , with the small remainder UVB .","There is essentially no UVC .","The fraction of UVB which remains in UV radiation after passing through the atmosphere is heavily dependent on cloud cover and atmospheric conditions .","Thick clouds block UVB effectively ; but in `` partly cloudy '' days , patches of blue sky showing between clouds are also sources of ( scattered ) UVA and UVB , which are produced by Rayleigh scattering in the same way as the visible blue light from those parts of the sky ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4442004831294315833","input":"who is in america's got talent semi-finals","passages":[{"title":"America's Got Talent (season 13)","text":"The golden buzzer returned for its fifth consecutive season . Any act that receives the golden buzzer during the judges ' auditions will be sent directly to the live shows and will not compete in the Judge Cuts round . In the first episode , Tyra Banks was the first to press the golden buzzer for acrobatic and dance group Zurcaroh . Simon Cowell was second to press it for 40 - year - old singer Michael Ketterer . Howie Mandel was third to press it for 13 year old singer Courtney Hadwin . Mel B was fourth to press it for 15 year old singer Amanda Mena . Heidi Klum was the final judge to use the golden buzzer , using it for 15 year old singer Makayla Phillips .","sentences":["The golden buzzer returned for its fifth consecutive season .","Any act that receives the golden buzzer during the judges ' auditions will be sent directly to the live shows and will not compete in the Judge Cuts round .","In the first episode , Tyra Banks was the first to press the golden buzzer for acrobatic and dance group Zurcaroh .","Simon Cowell was second to press it for 40 - year - old singer Michael Ketterer .","Howie Mandel was third to press it for 13 year old singer Courtney Hadwin .","Mel B was fourth to press it for 15 year old singer Amanda Mena .","Heidi Klum was the final judge to use the golden buzzer , using it for 15 year old singer Makayla Phillips ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5665621351157691245","input":"can you wear a mask while driving uk","passages":[{"title":"Anti-mask laws","text":"After several high - profile protests , the Canadian Parliament introduced Bill C - 309 , which bans the wearing of masks during a riot or other unlawful assembly . The bill became law on June 19 , 2013 . Those convicted of it face up to 10 years in prison . Canada 's Criminal code , Section 351 ( 2 ) , also covers `` Disguise with Intent '' , whereby `` Every one who , with intent to commit an indictable offence , has his face masked or coloured or is otherwise disguised is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years '' . With some exceptions , an indictable offence in Canada is one that is subject to a fine of greater than $5,000 or imprisonment of more than six months . in 2017 a Quebec ban on face covering for transition and government services became publicized .","sentences":["After several high - profile protests , the Canadian Parliament introduced Bill C - 309 , which bans the wearing of masks during a riot or other unlawful assembly .","The bill became law on June 19 , 2013 .","Those convicted of it face up to 10 years in prison .","Canada 's Criminal code , Section 351 ( 2 ) , also covers `` Disguise with Intent '' , whereby `` Every one who , with intent to commit an indictable offence , has his face masked or coloured or is otherwise disguised is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years '' .","With some exceptions , an indictable offence in Canada is one that is subject to a fine of greater than $5,000 or imprisonment of more than six months .","in 2017 a Quebec ban on face covering for transition and government services became publicized ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4884689005158135574","input":"where was the movie license to kill filmed","passages":[{"title":"Licence to Kill","text":"Licence to Kill is a 1989 British spy film , the sixteenth in the James Bond film series produced by Eon Productions , and the last to star Timothy Dalton in the role of the fictional MI6 agent James Bond . It is the first one not to use the title of an Ian Fleming story . It is also the fifth and final consecutive Bond film to be directed by John Glen . The story has elements of two Ian Fleming short stories and a novel , interwoven with aspects from Japanese R\u014dnin tales . The film sees Bond being suspended from MI6 as he pursues drugs lord Franz Sanchez , who has ordered an attack against his CIA friend Felix Leiter and the murder of Felix 's wife during their honeymoon . Originally titled Licence Revoked in line with the plot , the name was changed during post-production due to American test audiences associating the term with driving .","sentences":["Licence to Kill is a 1989 British spy film , the sixteenth in the James Bond film series produced by Eon Productions , and the last to star Timothy Dalton in the role of the fictional MI6 agent James Bond .","It is the first one not to use the title of an Ian Fleming story .","It is also the fifth and final consecutive Bond film to be directed by John Glen .","The story has elements of two Ian Fleming short stories and a novel , interwoven with aspects from Japanese R\u014dnin tales .","The film sees Bond being suspended from MI6 as he pursues drugs lord Franz Sanchez , who has ordered an attack against his CIA friend Felix Leiter and the murder of Felix 's wife during their honeymoon .","Originally titled Licence Revoked in line with the plot , the name was changed during post-production due to American test audiences associating the term with driving ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-290398131519770771","input":"what is the purpose of the preamble of the u.s. constitution","passages":[{"title":"Preamble to the United States Constitution","text":"An example of the way courts utilize the Preamble is Ellis v. City of Grand Rapids . Substantively , the case was about eminent domain . The City of Grand Rapids wanted to use eminent domain to force landowners to sell property in the city identified as `` blighted '' , and convey the property to owners that would develop it in ostensibly beneficial ways : in this case , to St. Mary 's Hospital , a Catholic organization . This area of substantive constitutional law is governed by the Fifth Amendment , which is understood to require that property acquired via eminent domain must be put to a `` public use '' . In deciding whether the proposed project constituted a `` public use '' , the court pointed to the Preamble 's reference to `` promot ( ing ) the general Welfare '' as evidence that `` ( t ) he health of the people was in the minds of our forefathers '' . `` ( T ) he concerted effort for renewal and expansion of hospital and medical care centers , as a part of our nation 's system of hospitals , is as a public service and use within the highest meaning of such terms . Surely this is in accord with an objective of the United States Constitution : ' * * * promote the general Welfare . ' ''","sentences":["An example of the way courts utilize the Preamble is Ellis v. City of Grand Rapids .","Substantively , the case was about eminent domain .","The City of Grand Rapids wanted to use eminent domain to force landowners to sell property in the city identified as `` blighted '' , and convey the property to owners that would develop it in ostensibly beneficial ways : in this case , to St. Mary 's Hospital , a Catholic organization .","This area of substantive constitutional law is governed by the Fifth Amendment , which is understood to require that property acquired via eminent domain must be put to a `` public use '' .","In deciding whether the proposed project constituted a `` public use '' , the court pointed to the Preamble 's reference to `` promot ( ing ) the general Welfare '' as evidence that `` ( t ) he health of the people was in the minds of our forefathers '' .","`` ( T ) he concerted effort for renewal and expansion of hospital and medical care centers , as a part of our nation 's system of hospitals , is as a public service and use within the highest meaning of such terms .","Surely this is in accord with an objective of the United States Constitution : '","* * * promote the general Welfare . ' ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8303025221912681384","input":"what properties make a material suitable for use as the active layer in a solar cell","passages":[{"title":"Solar cell","text":"Solar - specific feed - in tariffs vary by country and within countries . Such tariffs encourage the development of solar power projects . Widespread grid parity , the point at which photovoltaic electricity is equal to or cheaper than grid power without subsidies , likely requires advances on all three fronts . Proponents of solar hope to achieve grid parity first in areas with abundant sun and high electricity costs such as in California and Japan . In 2007 BP claimed grid parity for Hawaii and other islands that otherwise use diesel fuel to produce electricity . George W. Bush set 2015 as the date for grid parity in the US . The Photovoltaic Association reported in 2012 that Australia had reached grid parity ( ignoring feed in tariffs ) .","sentences":["Solar - specific feed - in tariffs vary by country and within countries .","Such tariffs encourage the development of solar power projects .","Widespread grid parity , the point at which photovoltaic electricity is equal to or cheaper than grid power without subsidies , likely requires advances on all three fronts .","Proponents of solar hope to achieve grid parity first in areas with abundant sun and high electricity costs such as in California and Japan .","In 2007 BP claimed grid parity for Hawaii and other islands that otherwise use diesel fuel to produce electricity .","George W. Bush set 2015 as the date for grid parity in the US .","The Photovoltaic Association reported in 2012 that Australia had reached grid parity ( ignoring feed in tariffs ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6681409213794939354","input":"where is the southern most point in africa","passages":[{"title":"Cape Agulhas","text":"Record high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 28.9 ( 84 ) 36.1 ( 97 ) 35.0 ( 95 ) 35.6 ( 96.1 ) 33.9 ( 93 ) 30.0 ( 86 ) 29.4 ( 84.9 ) 31.7 ( 89.1 ) 32.2 ( 90 ) 26.1 ( 79 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 36.1 ( 97 )","sentences":["Record high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 28.9","( 84 ) 36.1 ( 97 ) 35.0 ( 95 ) 35.6 ( 96.1 ) 33.9","( 93 ) 30.0 ( 86 ) 29.4","( 84.9 ) 31.7","( 89.1 ) 32.2","( 90 ) 26.1 ( 79 ) 30.6 ( 87.1 ) 30.6","( 87.1 ) 36.1 ( 97 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1642253395409216920","input":"where was rome founded and what natural defences aided its position","passages":[{"title":"History of the Roman Empire","text":"For the moment , however , there was another concern . The death of Valens left Gratian and Valentinian II as the sole Augusti . Gratian was now effectively responsible for the whole of the Empire . He sought a replacement Augustus for the Eastern Roman Empire . His choice was Theodosius I , son of formerly distinguished general Count Theodosius . The elder Theodosius had been executed in early 375 for unclear reasons . The younger was named Augustus of the Eastern Roman Empire on January 19 , 379 . His appointment would prove a deciding moment in the division of the Empire .","sentences":["For the moment , however , there was another concern .","The death of Valens left Gratian and Valentinian II as the sole Augusti .","Gratian was now effectively responsible for the whole of the Empire .","He sought a replacement Augustus for the Eastern Roman Empire .","His choice was Theodosius I , son of formerly distinguished general Count Theodosius .","The elder Theodosius had been executed in early 375 for unclear reasons .","The younger was named Augustus of the Eastern Roman Empire on January 19 , 379 .","His appointment would prove a deciding moment in the division of the Empire ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4046937463383866733","input":"briefly explain the role of a server when a file is requested by a client terminal","passages":[{"title":"Client\u2013server model","text":"The client - server characteristic describes the relationship of cooperating programs in an application . The server component provides a function or service to one or many clients , which initiate requests for such services . Servers are classified by the services they provide . For example , a web server serves web pages and a file server serves computer files . A shared resource may be any of the server computer 's software and electronic components , from programs and data to processors and storage devices . The sharing of resources of a server constitutes a service .","sentences":["The client - server characteristic describes the relationship of cooperating programs in an application .","The server component provides a function or service to one or many clients , which initiate requests for such services .","Servers are classified by the services they provide .","For example , a web server serves web pages and a file server serves computer files .","A shared resource may be any of the server computer 's software and electronic components , from programs and data to processors and storage devices .","The sharing of resources of a server constitutes a service ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2568460801387737021","input":"when do the names get engraved on the stanley cup","passages":[{"title":"Chronology of Stanley Cup engravings","text":"Season Winning Team Engravings Added 2004 -- 05 Not awarded because of 2004 -- 05 NHL lockout . `` 2004 -- 05 Season Not Played '' 2005 -- 06 Carolina Hurricanes , plus 52 names . ( 2 players who did not qualify included ) . `` ( TEAM NAME ) ( SEASON WON ) '' 2006 -- 07 Anaheim Ducks , plus 47 names . ( 1 player who did not qualify included , 2 players who played in the playoffs left off . ) 2007 -- 08 Detroit Red Wings , plus 52 names . ( 1 players who did not qualify included , 1 player who played in the playoffs , and 2 therapists left off . ) 2008 -- 09 Pittsburgh Penguins , plus 52 names . ( 1 player who did not qualify injured included ) . 2009 -- 10 Chicago Blackhawks , plus 52 names ( 1 player who played in playoffs , and another who missed the playoffs injured left off the Stanley Cup ) . 2010 -- 11 Boston Bruins , plus 52 names ( 1 player who did not qualify injured included , 1 player who played in playoffs , and another player who played 38 games left off the Stanley Cup , 1 asst equipment manager , and video coach left off ) . 2011 -- 12 Los Angeles Kings , plus 53 names ( 2 players who did not qualify included , 1 player who played and 38 games and 2 playoffs games , 1 player who was with the team all season and missed the playoffs injured left off , and 2 trainers left off , Co-owner added by NHL for 1 more name then normal ) . 2012 -- 13 Chicago Blackhawks , plus 52 names ( 1 player who did not qualify included , 1 goalie who dressed in the playoffs left off ) . 2013 -- 14 Los Angeles Kings , plus 52 names ( 1 player who did not qualify included , 3 players , 1 Asst . Equipment Manager , 1 therapists , and many other staff members missing . Co-owner left off at his request ) . 2014 -- 15 Chicago Blackhawks , plus 52 names ( 2 players who did not qualify included , 1 goalie who dressed for 54 games , and two asst equipment manager left off ) . 2015 -- 16 Pittsburgh Penguins , plus 52 names ( 2 players who did not qualify included . 3 players who played in the playoffs left off . One those players spent whole season with the team injured for half of it . ) 2016 -- 17 Pittsburgh Penguins , plus 52 names ( 2 players who did not qualify included . 1 player who played in the playoffs left off . )","sentences":["Season Winning Team Engravings Added 2004 -- 05 Not awarded because of 2004 -- 05 NHL lockout .","`` 2004 -- 05 Season Not Played '' 2005 -- 06 Carolina Hurricanes , plus 52 names .","( 2 players who did not qualify included ) .","`` ( TEAM NAME ) ( SEASON WON ) ''","2006 -- 07 Anaheim Ducks , plus 47 names .","( 1 player who did not qualify included , 2 players who played in the playoffs left off . )","2007 --","08 Detroit Red Wings , plus 52 names .","( 1 players who did not qualify included , 1 player who played in the playoffs , and 2 therapists left off . )","2008 --","09 Pittsburgh Penguins , plus 52 names .","( 1 player who did not qualify injured included ) .","2009 -- 10 Chicago Blackhawks , plus 52 names ( 1 player who played in playoffs , and another who missed the playoffs injured left off the Stanley Cup ) .","2010 -- 11 Boston Bruins , plus 52 names ( 1 player who did not qualify injured included , 1 player who played in playoffs , and another player who played 38 games left off the Stanley Cup , 1 asst equipment manager , and video coach left off ) .","2011 -- 12 Los Angeles Kings , plus 53 names ( 2 players who did not qualify included , 1 player who played and 38 games and 2 playoffs games , 1 player who was with the team all season and missed the playoffs injured left off , and 2 trainers left off , Co-owner added by NHL for 1 more name then normal ) .","2012 -- 13 Chicago Blackhawks , plus 52 names ( 1 player who did not qualify included , 1 goalie who dressed in the playoffs left off ) .","2013 -- 14 Los Angeles Kings , plus 52 names ( 1 player who did not qualify included , 3 players , 1 Asst .","Equipment Manager , 1 therapists , and many other staff members missing .","Co-owner left off at his request ) .","2014 -- 15 Chicago Blackhawks , plus 52 names ( 2 players who did not qualify included , 1 goalie who dressed for 54 games , and two asst equipment manager left off ) .","2015 -- 16 Pittsburgh Penguins , plus 52 names ( 2 players who did not qualify included .","3 players who played in the playoffs left off .","One those players spent whole season with the team injured for half of it . )","2016 -- 17 Pittsburgh Penguins , plus 52 names ( 2 players who did not qualify included .","1 player who played in the playoffs left off . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2010900385100443803","input":"what did katherine do to elena in season 5 episode 15","passages":[{"title":"Gone Girl (The Vampire Diaries)","text":"Alyse Wax from Fearnet also gives a good review saying that it was a very enjoyable episode . `` First off , Damon going Dr. Mengele on Wes was a scene of epic beauty . It was swift , it was violent , it was slick . I would not have minded seeing a little more of Damon 's `` playtime '' with Wes . Katherine going to hell was an obvious choice , but I liked the way they did it . The comedy of her slapping Bonnie 's shoulders , trying to get it to work , then just getting swallowed up by darkness . ''","sentences":["Alyse Wax from Fearnet also gives a good review saying that it was a very enjoyable episode .","`` First off , Damon going Dr. Mengele on Wes was a scene of epic beauty .","It was swift , it was violent , it was slick .","I would not have minded seeing a little more of Damon 's `` playtime '' with Wes .","Katherine going to hell was an obvious choice , but I liked the way they did it .","The comedy of her slapping Bonnie 's shoulders , trying to get it to work , then just getting swallowed up by darkness . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4067841576389402048","input":"who is the youngest running back in the nfl","passages":[{"title":"Ezekiel Elliott","text":"Pro Bowl ( 2016 ) First - team All - Pro ( 2016 ) PFWA All - Rookie Team ( 2016 ) NFL rushing yards leader ( 2016 ) CFP national champion ( 2014 ) Big Ten champion ( 2014 ) James E. Sullivan Award ( 2014 ) Big Ten Most Valuable Player ( 2015 ) Big Ten Offensive Player of the Year ( 2015 ) Second - team All - American ( 2015 ) First - team All - Big Ten ( 2015 )","sentences":["Pro Bowl ( 2016 )","First - team All - Pro ( 2016 ) PFWA All - Rookie Team ( 2016 )","NFL rushing yards leader ( 2016 )","CFP national champion ( 2014 ) Big Ten champion ( 2014 )","James E. Sullivan Award ( 2014 )","Big Ten Most Valuable Player ( 2015 )","Big Ten Offensive Player of the Year ( 2015 ) Second - team All - American ( 2015 )","First - team All - Big Ten ( 2015 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3788583392264095564","input":"what is the dear evan hansen book about","passages":[{"title":"Dear Evan Hansen","text":"At school , Evan and Alana notice that people are starting to forget about Connor . Spurred on by a vision of Connor , Evan enlists Alana and Jared 's help in founding `` The Connor Project '' -- an organization dedicated to keeping Connor 's memory alive . The three pitch the idea to the Murphys , who agree to support the project ( `` Disappear '' ) . Moved by his dedication , Cynthia gives Evan a necktie she had gotten for Connor that he had never worn and asks Evan to wear it when he speaks at Connor 's memorial service . At the official launch of The Connor Project , Evan gives an inspiring speech about his loneliness and friendship with Connor , which goes viral . Zoe , overcome by the impact her brother and Evan have had , kisses him ( `` You Will Be Found '' ) .","sentences":["At school , Evan and Alana notice that people are starting to forget about Connor .","Spurred on by a vision of Connor , Evan enlists Alana and Jared 's help in founding `` The Connor Project '' -- an organization dedicated to keeping Connor 's memory alive .","The three pitch the idea to the Murphys , who agree to support the project ( `` Disappear '' ) .","Moved by his dedication , Cynthia gives Evan a necktie she had gotten for Connor that he had never worn and asks Evan to wear it when he speaks at Connor 's memorial service .","At the official launch of The Connor Project , Evan gives an inspiring speech about his loneliness and friendship with Connor , which goes viral .","Zoe , overcome by the impact her brother and Evan have had , kisses him ( `` You Will Be Found '' ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6448828896223982511","input":"where is striated muscle found in the human body","passages":[{"title":"Striated muscle tissue","text":"Contractions in striated muscles are voluntary , except for the heart muscle , in which contractions are regulated involuntarily by the sinoatrial node . Cardiac muscle is often treated separately from the other striated muscles , as it has somewhat different characteristics . During voluntary contractions , a striated muscle is extended by the action of an antagonistic muscle . All striated muscles are attached to some component of the skeleton , unlike smooth muscle , which composes hollow organs such as the intestines or blood vessels . The fibers of striated muscle have a cylindrical shape with blunt ends , whereas those in smooth muscle can be described as being spindle - like with tapered ends . Two other characteristics that differentiate striated muscle from smooth muscle are the facts that the former has more mitochondria and contains cells that are multinucleated .","sentences":["Contractions in striated muscles are voluntary , except for the heart muscle , in which contractions are regulated involuntarily by the sinoatrial node .","Cardiac muscle is often treated separately from the other striated muscles , as it has somewhat different characteristics .","During voluntary contractions , a striated muscle is extended by the action of an antagonistic muscle .","All striated muscles are attached to some component of the skeleton , unlike smooth muscle , which composes hollow organs such as the intestines or blood vessels .","The fibers of striated muscle have a cylindrical shape with blunt ends , whereas those in smooth muscle can be described as being spindle - like with tapered ends .","Two other characteristics that differentiate striated muscle from smooth muscle are the facts that the former has more mitochondria and contains cells that are multinucleated ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3323810185080226803","input":"how many square feet are in a basketball court","passages":[{"title":"Basketball court","text":"3 - point line distance from the basket 23.75 ft 22 ft in corner * 7.24 m 6.70 m in corner * 22.15 ft 21.65 ft in corner \u2020 6.75 m 6.60 m in corner \u2020 Same as FIBA 20.75 ft 6.32 m 19.75 ft 6.01 m Same as high school","sentences":["3 - point line distance from the basket 23.75 ft 22 ft in corner *","7.24 m 6.70 m in corner *","22.15 ft 21.65 ft in corner \u2020 6.75 m 6.60 m in corner \u2020","Same as FIBA 20.75 ft 6.32 m 19.75 ft 6.01","m","Same as high school"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8583876046513656985","input":"what is the name of the new american horror story","passages":[{"title":"American Horror Story","text":"American Horror Story has won 59 of its 230 award nominations . The franchise has garnered 28 Primetime Emmy Award nominations , with Jessica Lange winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie and for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie , James Cromwell winning for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , and Kathy Bates winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie . It received an additional 50 Creative Arts Emmy Award nominations , winning eleven times , including Outstanding Hairstyling for a Miniseries or a Movie , Outstanding Costumes for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , and Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup for a Series , Limited Series , Movie or a Special . It has received nine Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lange winning for Best Supporting Actress in a Series , Miniseries or Television Film , and Lady Gaga winning for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film . The series has also received three Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , with Lange winning for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series . Additional accolades include eighteen Critics ' Choice Television Awards nominations , with four wins , the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding TV Miniseries , four Costume Designers Guild Awards nominations , winning three times , eight wins out of ten nominations at the Make - Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild , five People 's Choice Awards nominations , winning once , and eleven Satellite Awards nomination , with three wins .","sentences":["American Horror Story has won 59 of its 230 award nominations .","The franchise has garnered 28 Primetime Emmy Award nominations , with Jessica Lange winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie and for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie , James Cromwell winning for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , and Kathy Bates winning for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie .","It received an additional 50 Creative Arts Emmy Award nominations , winning eleven times , including Outstanding Hairstyling for a Miniseries or a Movie , Outstanding Costumes for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , Outstanding Sound Editing for a Miniseries , Movie , or Special , and Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup for a Series , Limited Series , Movie or a Special .","It has received nine Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lange winning for Best Supporting Actress in a Series , Miniseries or Television Film , and Lady Gaga winning for Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film .","The series has also received three Screen Actors Guild Award nominations , with Lange winning for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series .","Additional accolades include eighteen Critics ' Choice Television Awards nominations , with four wins , the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding TV Miniseries , four Costume Designers Guild Awards nominations , winning three times , eight wins out of ten nominations at the Make - Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild , five People 's Choice Awards nominations , winning once , and eleven Satellite Awards nomination , with three wins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6179075611791034269","input":"where are the favelas located in rio de janeiro","passages":[{"title":"Favela","text":"The mass urban migration to Rio de Janeiro in the 1950s resulted in the proliferation of favelas across the urban terrain . In order to deal with the `` favela problem '' ( Portes 1979 , pp. 5 ) , the state implemented a full - scale favela removal program in the 1960s and 1970s that resettled favelados to the periphery of the city ( Oliveira 1996 ) . According to Anthony ( 2013 ) , some of the most brutal favela removals in Rio de Janeiro 's history occurred during this period . The military regime of the time provided limited resources to support the transition and favelados struggled to adapt to their new environments that were effectively ostracised communities of poorly built housing , inadequate infrastructure and lacking in public transport connections ( Portes 1979 ) . Perlman ( 2006 ) points to the state 's failure in appropriately managing the favelas as the main reason for the rampant violence , drugs and gang problems that ensued in the communities in the following years . The creation of BOPE ( Special Police Operations Battalion ) in 1978 was the government 's response to this violence ( Pino 1997 ) . BOPE , in their all black military ensemble and weaponry , was Rio 's attempt to confront violence with an equally opposing entity .","sentences":["The mass urban migration to Rio de Janeiro in the 1950s resulted in the proliferation of favelas across the urban terrain .","In order to deal with the `` favela problem '' ( Portes 1979 , pp. 5 ) , the state implemented a full - scale favela removal program in the 1960s and 1970s that resettled favelados to the periphery of the city ( Oliveira 1996 ) .","According to Anthony ( 2013 ) , some of the most brutal favela removals in Rio de Janeiro 's history occurred during this period .","The military regime of the time provided limited resources to support the transition and favelados struggled to adapt to their new environments that were effectively ostracised communities of poorly built housing , inadequate infrastructure and lacking in public transport connections ( Portes 1979 ) .","Perlman ( 2006 ) points to the state 's failure in appropriately managing the favelas as the main reason for the rampant violence , drugs and gang problems that ensued in the communities in the following years .","The creation of BOPE ( Special Police Operations Battalion ) in 1978 was the government 's response to this violence ( Pino 1997 ) .","BOPE , in their all black military ensemble and weaponry , was Rio 's attempt to confront violence with an equally opposing entity ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7282019077450887591","input":"who was the third person to die in and then there were none","passages":[{"title":"Agatha Christie","text":"Christie described her childhood as `` very happy '' . She was surrounded by a series of strong and independent women from an early age . Her time was spent alternating between her home in Devon , her step - grandmother and aunt 's house in Ealing , West London , and parts of Southern Europe , where her family would holiday during the winter . Agatha was raised in a household with various esoteric beliefs and , like her siblings , believed that her mother Clara was a psychic with the ability of second sight . Her mother insisted that she receive a home education , and so her parents were responsible for teaching her to read and write and to be able to perform basic arithmetic , a subject that she particularly enjoyed . They also taught her about music , and she learned to play both the piano and the mandolin . According to biographer Laura Thomson , Clara believed that Agatha should not learn to read till she was eight . However , due to her curiosity , Agatha taught herself to read much earlier . One of the first known photographs of Christie ( now a part of the Christie family 's heirlooms ) depicts her as a little girl with her first dog , whom she called George Washington .","sentences":["Christie described her childhood as `` very happy '' .","She was surrounded by a series of strong and independent women from an early age .","Her time was spent alternating between her home in Devon , her step - grandmother and aunt 's house in Ealing , West London , and parts of Southern Europe , where her family would holiday during the winter .","Agatha was raised in a household with various esoteric beliefs and , like her siblings , believed that her mother Clara was a psychic with the ability of second sight .","Her mother insisted that she receive a home education , and so her parents were responsible for teaching her to read and write and to be able to perform basic arithmetic , a subject that she particularly enjoyed .","They also taught her about music , and she learned to play both the piano and the mandolin .","According to biographer Laura Thomson , Clara believed that Agatha should not learn to read till she was eight .","However , due to her curiosity , Agatha taught herself to read much earlier .","One of the first known photographs of Christie ( now a part of the Christie family 's heirlooms ) depicts her as a little girl with her first dog , whom she called George Washington ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9041523866453252065","input":"what is the mutation of sickle cell anemia","passages":[{"title":"Sickle cell disease","text":"Sickle cell disease occurs when a person inherits two abnormal copies of the haemoglobin gene , one from each parent . This gene occurs in chromosome 11 . Several subtypes exist , depending on the exact mutation in each haemoglobin gene . An attack can be set off by temperature changes , stress , dehydration and high altitude . A person with a single abnormal copy does not usually have symptoms and is said to have sickle cell trait . Such people are also referred to as carriers . Diagnosis is by a blood test , and some countries test all babies at birth for the disease . Diagnosis is also possible during pregnancy .","sentences":["Sickle cell disease occurs when a person inherits two abnormal copies of the haemoglobin gene , one from each parent .","This gene occurs in chromosome 11 .","Several subtypes exist , depending on the exact mutation in each haemoglobin gene .","An attack can be set off by temperature changes , stress , dehydration and high altitude .","A person with a single abnormal copy does not usually have symptoms and is said to have sickle cell trait .","Such people are also referred to as carriers .","Diagnosis is by a blood test , and some countries test all babies at birth for the disease .","Diagnosis is also possible during pregnancy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7001164501726598080","input":"when did they start putting locks on the bridge in paris","passages":[{"title":"Love lock","text":"In France , in May 2010 the city of Paris expressed concern over the growing number of love - locks on the Pont des Arts , Passerelle L\u00e9opold - S\u00e9dar - Senghor , and the Pont de l'Archev\u00each\u00e9 bridges , stating : `` they raise problems for the preservation of our architectural heritage '' . The lovelocks of the Pont des Arts disappeared during the night of 11 May 2010 ; they had been removed by a student of the nearby \u00c9cole des Beaux - Arts to make a sculpture . Love locks immediately began appearing on the Pont de l'Archev\u00each\u00e9 and have since spread to at least 11 Seine bridges , the Canal Saint Martin footbridges , and to parks and monuments all over the city . Many tourists mistakenly believe this is a longstanding Parisian tradition , not realizing the practice only migrated into Paris in late 2008 after affecting cities in Italy and Asia . In January 2014 , a campaign and petition , No Love Locks TM , was founded by two Americans living in Paris in an effort to save the city 's historic bridges and monuments from the overwhelming number of locks . The international media attention the campaign received has been credited with the actions begun in the summer and fall of 2014 , when the city began seeking alternatives to love locks and asking the public to stop placing locks on Parisian bridges and monuments . On 9 May 2014 , the weight of the padlocks on the Pont Des Arts bridge was blamed for the collapse of part of the parapet . The city began an experiment in September 2014 on the Pont des Arts , replacing three panels with a special type of glass that would prevent locks from being attached . On 1 June 2015 , the locks were taken down due to the collapsing of the bridge . A website called Passion Locks exists , a tribute to Pont des Arts , where users can send others a virtual love lock . In Bamberg , Germany , after inviting the public to attach love locks on the Kettenbr\u00fccke in 2011 , officials threatened to remove them during the same year due to rust . After public outrage and several township meetings , the locks remain . In Berlin , applying a lock to a bridge is a misdemeanor and can generate cautionary fines up to 35 euros . Historical bridges are especially affected , as it disturbs the visual impression , and can even cause an electrolytic corrosion of noble brass of the locks against the baser iron bridges , leading to rust damage . Rust damage was noted in L\u00fcbeck at the Obertrave bridge . In addition , damage in removing the locks is seen by municipalities as a problem . Deutsche Bahn , the bridge 's operator , threatened to have the locks removed from the Hohenzollern Bridge in Cologne , but in the end relented in the face of public opposition . Lovelocks are now embraced on the bridge , and visitors are directed to them on the city tourism site . In Hamburg this ritual was also spread among bridges and lighthouses . In Florence , Italy , 5,500 love padlocks affixed to the Ponte Vecchio bridge were removed by the city council . According to the council the padlocks both pose an aesthetic problem in addition to scratching and denting the metal of the bridge . Venice is among cities where affixing padlocks to bridges is strictly prohibited . This is enforced particularly earnestly for Venice 's Rialto Bridge , which led to violent controversy in September 2011 . Locks were removed , and adding new ones can result in up to a 3,000 euros fine . In Dublin , Ireland , padlocks on the Ha'penny Bridge over the River Liffey were removed by the Dublin City Council in early 2012 . The padlocks could damage the protected structure , the Council has said . `` This seems to have only started happening in the last few months and we 're asking people not to do it , '' said a spokesperson for Dublin City Council . Some locks have also been removed from the Millennium Bridge , close to the Ha'penny Bridge in the city centre , the Council said . The padlocks have been criticised for being an eyesore on public structures . They can also cause further damage when they have to be removed , the Council said . The spokesperson confirmed that the Council will continue to remove the locks from any bridges they appear on in the city centre . In Scotland , a `` Mark your Spot '' campaign was launched by the Edinburgh City Council on the Forth Road Bridge . 4 sets of panels on the bridge itself were dedicated to Lovelocks , with both locals and tourists buying and affixing locks to them . This was a charity initiative that raised \u00a3 10,300 for the Queensferry RNLI , a local lifeboat service . Also in Scotland , Lovelocks can also be found at the Courtship Maze at Gretna Green . Couples are welcome to affix padlocks to the bridge there . To celebrate their meeting in Japan , Jonathan Montagu and Nathalie Daoust commissioned artist Clare Grotefeld to design and create a giant bonsai love lock tree for their wedding on 4 October 2014 . The tree is located at Beaulieu Palace House , UK , where couples are invited to help the tree flourish by adding their own love locks . The 125 - year - old delicate cast - iron Listed Ferry Bridge , Burton - on - Trent was refurbished ( 2015 - 2016 ) at considerable expense . Within days a love lock was affixed to the bridge , but it was quickly removed , as such items are unsightly , a hazard , add to the load on the structure , and are not allowed under the Listing Regulations . Any that do get affixed are removed at once . Love","sentences":["In France , in May 2010 the city of Paris expressed concern over the growing number of love - locks on the Pont des Arts , Passerelle L\u00e9opold - S\u00e9dar - Senghor , and the Pont de l'Archev\u00each\u00e9 bridges , stating : `` they raise problems for the preservation of our architectural heritage '' .","The lovelocks of the Pont des Arts disappeared during the night of 11 May 2010 ; they had been removed by a student of the nearby \u00c9cole des Beaux - Arts to make a sculpture .","Love locks immediately began appearing on the Pont de l'Archev\u00each\u00e9 and have since spread to at least 11 Seine bridges , the Canal Saint Martin footbridges , and to parks and monuments all over the city .","Many tourists mistakenly believe this is a longstanding Parisian tradition , not realizing the practice only migrated into Paris in late 2008 after affecting cities in Italy and Asia .","In January 2014 , a campaign and petition , No Love Locks TM , was founded by two Americans living in Paris in an effort to save the city 's historic bridges and monuments from the overwhelming number of locks .","The international media attention the campaign received has been credited with the actions begun in the summer and fall of 2014 , when the city began seeking alternatives to love locks and asking the public to stop placing locks on Parisian bridges and monuments .","On 9 May 2014 , the weight of the padlocks on the Pont Des Arts bridge was blamed for the collapse of part of the parapet .","The city began an experiment in September 2014 on the Pont des Arts , replacing three panels with a special type of glass that would prevent locks from being attached .","On 1 June 2015 , the locks were taken down due to the collapsing of the bridge .","A website called Passion Locks exists , a tribute to Pont des Arts , where users can send others a virtual love lock .","In Bamberg , Germany , after inviting the public to attach love locks on the Kettenbr\u00fccke in 2011 , officials threatened to remove them during the same year due to rust .","After public outrage and several township meetings , the locks remain .","In Berlin , applying a lock to a bridge is a misdemeanor and can generate cautionary fines up to 35 euros .","Historical bridges are especially affected , as it disturbs the visual impression , and can even cause an electrolytic corrosion of noble brass of the locks against the baser iron bridges , leading to rust damage .","Rust damage was noted in L\u00fcbeck at the Obertrave bridge .","In addition , damage in removing the locks is seen by municipalities as a problem .","Deutsche Bahn , the bridge 's operator , threatened to have the locks removed from the Hohenzollern Bridge in Cologne , but in the end relented in the face of public opposition .","Lovelocks are now embraced on the bridge , and visitors are directed to them on the city tourism site .","In Hamburg this ritual was also spread among bridges and lighthouses .","In Florence , Italy , 5,500 love padlocks affixed to the Ponte Vecchio bridge were removed by the city council .","According to the council the padlocks both pose an aesthetic problem in addition to scratching and denting the metal of the bridge .","Venice is among cities where affixing padlocks to bridges is strictly prohibited .","This is enforced particularly earnestly for Venice 's Rialto Bridge , which led to violent controversy in September 2011 .","Locks were removed , and adding new ones can result in up to a 3,000 euros fine .","In Dublin , Ireland , padlocks on the Ha'penny Bridge over the River Liffey were removed by the Dublin City Council in early 2012 .","The padlocks could damage the protected structure , the Council has said .","`` This seems to have only started happening in the last few months and we 're asking people not to do it , '' said a spokesperson for Dublin City Council .","Some locks have also been removed from the Millennium Bridge , close to the Ha'penny Bridge in the city centre , the Council said .","The padlocks have been criticised for being an eyesore on public structures .","They can also cause further damage when they have to be removed , the Council said .","The spokesperson confirmed that the Council will continue to remove the locks from any bridges they appear on in the city centre .","In Scotland , a `` Mark your Spot '' campaign was launched by the Edinburgh City Council on the Forth Road Bridge .","4 sets of panels on the bridge itself were dedicated to Lovelocks , with both locals and tourists buying and affixing locks to them .","This was a charity initiative that raised \u00a3 10,300 for the Queensferry RNLI , a local lifeboat service .","Also in Scotland , Lovelocks can also be found at the Courtship Maze at Gretna Green .","Couples are welcome to affix padlocks to the bridge there .","To celebrate their meeting in Japan , Jonathan Montagu and Nathalie Daoust commissioned artist Clare Grotefeld to design and create a giant bonsai love lock tree for their wedding on 4 October 2014 .","The tree is located at Beaulieu Palace House , UK , where couples are invited to help the tree flourish by adding their own love locks .","The 125 - year - old delicate cast - iron Listed Ferry Bridge , Burton - on - Trent was refurbished ( 2015 - 2016 ) at considerable expense .","Within days a love lock was affixed to the bridge , but it was quickly removed , as such items are unsightly , a hazard , add to the load on the structure , and are not allowed under the Listing Regulations .","Any that do get affixed are removed at once .","Love"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3214331550520891810","input":"who set up trading stations along the indian coast during the 1700","passages":[{"title":"Trading post","text":"This article does not cite any sources . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( December 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) A","sentences":["This article does not cite any sources .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( December 2009 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3279322263347140873","input":"where does jack in the box meat come from","passages":[{"title":"Jack in the Box","text":"Jack in the Box , Inc . The current logo , first used on March 15 , 2009 Type Public Traded as NASDAQ : JACK S&P 400 Component Industry Restaurants Genre Fast food Founded February 21 , 1951 ; 66 years ago ( 1951 - 02 - 21 ) Founder Robert Oscar Peterson Headquarters San Diego , California , U.S. Area served 21 states in the U.S. Key people Leonard A. Comma , Chairman & CEO Products Hamburgers chicken sandwiches salads breakfast desserts Revenue $2.25 billion USD ( 2013 ) Total assets US $ 1.319209 billion ( 2013 ) US $ 1.463725 billion ( 2012 ) Number of employees > 22,000 ( 2013 ) Website jackinthebox.com","sentences":["Jack in the Box , Inc .","The current logo , first used on March 15 , 2009 Type Public Traded as NASDAQ : JACK S&P 400 Component Industry Restaurants Genre Fast food Founded February 21 , 1951 ; 66 years ago ( 1951 - 02 - 21 ) Founder Robert Oscar Peterson Headquarters San Diego , California , U.S. Area served 21 states in the U.S. Key people Leonard A. Comma , Chairman & CEO Products Hamburgers chicken sandwiches salads breakfast desserts Revenue $2.25 billion USD ( 2013 )","Total assets US $ 1.319209 billion ( 2013 )","US $ 1.463725 billion ( 2012 )","Number of employees >","22,000 ( 2013 )","Website jackinthebox.com"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-464249677181667587","input":"what movie is the song money for nothing in","passages":[{"title":"Money for Nothing (song)","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1985 ) Peak Position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) 7 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 38 Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) France ( SNEP ) 34 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 19 Ireland ( IRMA ) 6 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 35 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) Spain ( AFYVE ) 25 Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) 22 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Billboard Top Rock Tracks US Cash Box Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1985 ) Position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) 7 Canada ( RPM Top 100 Singles ) 34 US Billboard Hot 100 8 US Cash Box Certifications and sales ( edit ) Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Canada ( Music Canada ) Gold 50,000 United Kingdom ( BPI ) Silver 250,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1985 )","Peak Position Australia ( Kent Music Report )","Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) 7 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 38 Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) France ( SNEP ) 34 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 19 Ireland ( IRMA ) 6","Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 35 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ )","Spain ( AFYVE ) 25","Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) 22 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 US Billboard Top Rock Tracks US Cash Box Year - end charts ( edit )","Chart ( 1985 ) Position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) 7","Canada ( RPM Top 100 Singles ) 34 US Billboard Hot 100 8 US Cash Box Certifications and sales ( edit ) Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Canada ( Music Canada )","Gold 50,000 United Kingdom ( BPI ) Silver 250,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-38569794929608290","input":"who was responsible for the origin of the terms hanging wall block and footwall block","passages":[{"title":"Tilted block faulting","text":"During extensional time periods , large , gently - dipping normal faults , called detachment faults , can form due to relative separation of the two sides surrounding the fault . Typically , these faults can have an offset on the order of one to tens of kilometers . As the region continues to experience extensive pressures , there is an isostatic effect which moves ductile crust material underneath the fault complex . This fault system can shear the footwall , creating domal mountain ranges , which on a large scale can develop into formations known as metamorphic core complexes . If extension at the surface exceeds about 50 percent , decompression melting may permit magmas to form ; these will deform the footwall , resulting in a complex associated with intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks . Rocks above the detachment fault form normal faults and , at the same time , shear in a `` layer - parallel '' motion . This action creates a series of fault blocks , which are progressively tilted as the detachment fault progresses . The fracturing of the fault blocks can occur in a similar time frame or develop progressively .","sentences":["During extensional time periods , large , gently - dipping normal faults , called detachment faults , can form due to relative separation of the two sides surrounding the fault .","Typically , these faults can have an offset on the order of one to tens of kilometers .","As the region continues to experience extensive pressures , there is an isostatic effect which moves ductile crust material underneath the fault complex .","This fault system can shear the footwall , creating domal mountain ranges , which on a large scale can develop into formations known as metamorphic core complexes .","If extension at the surface exceeds about 50 percent , decompression melting may permit magmas to form ; these will deform the footwall , resulting in a complex associated with intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks .","Rocks above the detachment fault form normal faults and , at the same time , shear in a `` layer - parallel '' motion .","This action creates a series of fault blocks , which are progressively tilted as the detachment fault progresses .","The fracturing of the fault blocks can occur in a similar time frame or develop progressively ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7816806304953458465","input":"where did the films come from in man in the high castle","passages":[{"title":"The Man in the High Castle","text":"Baynes and Tagomi finally meet their Japanese contact as the Nazi secret police , the Sicherheitsdienst ( SD ) , close in to arrest Baynes , who is actually revealed to be a Nazi defector named Rudolf Wegener . Wegener warns his contact , a famed Japanese general , of Operation Dandelion , an upcoming Goebbels - approved plan for the Nazis to surprise - attack the Japanese Home Islands , in order to obliterate them in one swift stroke . As Frink is elsewhere exposed as a Jew and arrested , Wegener and Tagomi are confronted by two SD agents , both of whom Tagomi shoots dead with an antique American pistol . Back in Colorado , Joe abruptly changes his appearance and mannerisms before the trip to the High Castle , leading Juliana to deduce that he intends to actually murder Abendsen . Joe confirms this , revealing himself to be an undercover Swiss Nazi assassin . Juliana mortally wounds Joe and drives off to warn Abendsen of the threat to his life .","sentences":["Baynes and Tagomi finally meet their Japanese contact as the Nazi secret police , the Sicherheitsdienst ( SD ) , close in to arrest Baynes , who is actually revealed to be a Nazi defector named Rudolf Wegener .","Wegener warns his contact , a famed Japanese general , of Operation Dandelion , an upcoming Goebbels - approved plan for the Nazis to surprise - attack the Japanese Home Islands , in order to obliterate them in one swift stroke .","As Frink is elsewhere exposed as a Jew and arrested , Wegener and Tagomi are confronted by two SD agents , both of whom Tagomi shoots dead with an antique American pistol .","Back in Colorado , Joe abruptly changes his appearance and mannerisms before the trip to the High Castle , leading Juliana to deduce that he intends to actually murder Abendsen .","Joe confirms this , revealing himself to be an undercover Swiss Nazi assassin .","Juliana mortally wounds Joe and drives off to warn Abendsen of the threat to his life ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1304141177462591673","input":"where did france settle in the new world","passages":[{"title":"French colonization of the Americas","text":"In 1560 Mem de S\u00e1 , the new Governor - General of Brazil , received from the Portuguese government the command to expel the French . With a fleet of 26 warships and 2,000 soldiers , on 15 March 1560 , he attacked and destroyed Fort Coligny within three days , but was unable to drive off their inhabitants and defenders , because they escaped to the mainland with the help of the Native Brazilians , where they continued to live and to work . Admiral Villegaignon had returned to France in 1558 , disgusted with the religious tension that existed between French Protestants and Catholics , who had come also with the second group ( see French Wars of Religion ) . Urged by two influential Jesuit priests who had come to Brazil with Mem de S\u00e1 , named Jos\u00e9 de Anchieta and Manuel da N\u00f3brega , and who had played a big role in pacifying the Tamoios , Mem de S\u00e1 ordered his nephew , Est\u00e1cio de S\u00e1 to assemble a new attack force . Est\u00e1cio de S\u00e1 founded the city of Rio de Janeiro on March 1 , 1565 , and fought the Frenchmen for two more years . Helped by a military reinforcement sent by his uncle , on January 20 , 1567 , he imposed final defeat on the French forces and decisively expelled them from Brazil , but died a month later from wounds inflicted in the battle . Coligny 's and Villegaignon 's dream had lasted a mere 12 years .","sentences":["In 1560 Mem de S\u00e1 , the new Governor - General of Brazil , received from the Portuguese government the command to expel the French .","With a fleet of 26 warships and 2,000 soldiers , on 15 March 1560 , he attacked and destroyed Fort Coligny within three days , but was unable to drive off their inhabitants and defenders , because they escaped to the mainland with the help of the Native Brazilians , where they continued to live and to work .","Admiral Villegaignon had returned to France in 1558 , disgusted with the religious tension that existed between French Protestants and Catholics , who had come also with the second group ( see French Wars of Religion ) .","Urged by two influential Jesuit priests who had come to Brazil with Mem de S\u00e1 , named Jos\u00e9 de Anchieta and Manuel da N\u00f3brega , and who had played a big role in pacifying the Tamoios , Mem de S\u00e1 ordered his nephew , Est\u00e1cio de S\u00e1 to assemble a new attack force .","Est\u00e1cio de S\u00e1 founded the city of Rio de Janeiro on March 1 , 1565 , and fought the Frenchmen for two more years .","Helped by a military reinforcement sent by his uncle , on January 20 , 1567 , he imposed final defeat on the French forces and decisively expelled them from Brazil , but died a month later from wounds inflicted in the battle .","Coligny 's and Villegaignon 's dream had lasted a mere 12 years ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1886827504821971176","input":"who is put in charge of building the dam","passages":[{"title":"Hoover Dam","text":"The men who removed this rock were called `` high scalers '' . While suspended from the top of the canyon with ropes , the high - scalers climbed down the canyon walls and removed the loose rock with jackhammers and dynamite . Falling objects were the most common cause of death on the dam site ; the high scalers ' work thus helped ensure worker safety . One high scaler was able to save life in a more direct manner : when a government inspector lost his grip on a safety line and began tumbling down a slope towards almost certain death , a high scaler was able to intercept him and pull him into the air . The construction site had , even then , become a magnet for tourists ; the high scalers were prime attractions and showed off for the watchers . The high scalers received considerable media attention , with one worker dubbed the `` Human Pendulum '' for swinging co-workers ( and , at other times , cases of dynamite ) across the canyon . To protect themselves against falling objects , some high scalers took cloth hats and dipped them in tar , allowing them to harden . When workers wearing such headgear were struck hard enough to inflict broken jaws , they sustained no skull damage , Six Companies ordered thousands of what initially were called `` hard boiled hats '' ( later `` hard hats '' ) and strongly encouraged their use .","sentences":["The men who removed this rock were called `` high scalers '' .","While suspended from the top of the canyon with ropes , the high - scalers climbed down the canyon walls and removed the loose rock with jackhammers and dynamite .","Falling objects were the most common cause of death on the dam site ; the high scalers ' work thus helped ensure worker safety .","One high scaler was able to save life in a more direct manner : when a government inspector lost his grip on a safety line and began tumbling down a slope towards almost certain death , a high scaler was able to intercept him and pull him into the air .","The construction site had , even then , become a magnet for tourists ; the high scalers were prime attractions and showed off for the watchers .","The high scalers received considerable media attention , with one worker dubbed the `` Human Pendulum '' for swinging co-workers ( and , at other times , cases of dynamite ) across the canyon .","To protect themselves against falling objects , some high scalers took cloth hats and dipped them in tar , allowing them to harden .","When workers wearing such headgear were struck hard enough to inflict broken jaws , they sustained no skull damage , Six Companies ordered thousands of what initially were called `` hard boiled hats '' ( later `` hard hats '' ) and strongly encouraged their use ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6223635531179192068","input":"where does the water from victoria falls go","passages":[{"title":"Victoria Falls","text":"In 1964 , Northern Rhodesia became the independent state of Zambia . The following year , Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence . This was not recognized by Zambia , the United Kingdom nor the vast majority of states and led to United Nations - mandated sanctions . In response to the emerging crisis , in 1966 Zambia restricted or stopped border crossings ; it did not re-open the border completely until 1980 . Guerilla warfare arose on the southern side of the Zambezi from 1972 : the Rhodesian Bush War . Visitor numbers began to drop , particularly on the Rhodesian side . The war affected Zambia through military incursions , causing the latter to impose security measures including the stationing of soldiers to restrict access to the gorges and some parts of the falls .","sentences":["In 1964 , Northern Rhodesia became the independent state of Zambia .","The following year , Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence .","This was not recognized by Zambia , the United Kingdom nor the vast majority of states and led to United Nations - mandated sanctions .","In response to the emerging crisis , in 1966 Zambia restricted or stopped border crossings ; it did not re-open the border completely until 1980 .","Guerilla warfare arose on the southern side of the Zambezi from 1972 : the Rhodesian Bush War .","Visitor numbers began to drop , particularly on the Rhodesian side .","The war affected Zambia through military incursions , causing the latter to impose security measures including the stationing of soldiers to restrict access to the gorges and some parts of the falls ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7546244119091098747","input":"which is the easternmost river of the north bengal plains","passages":[{"title":"Geography of West Bengal","text":"West Bengal is on the eastern bottleneck of India , stretching from the Himalayas in the north to the Bay of Bengal in the south . It lies between 85 degree 50 minutes and 89 degree 50 minutes east longitude , and 21 degrees 25 minutes and 27 degrees 13 minutes north latitude . The state has a total area of 88,752 square kilometres ( 34,267 sq mi ) . With Bangladesh , which lies on its eastern border , the state forms the ethno - linguistic region of Bengal . To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and the country Bhutan , and to its southwest , the state of Orissa . To the west it borders the state of Jharkhand and Bihar , and to the northwest , Nepal . The capital of the state is Kolkata , the third - largest urban agglomeration and the seventh - largest city in India .","sentences":["West Bengal is on the eastern bottleneck of India , stretching from the Himalayas in the north to the Bay of Bengal in the south .","It lies between 85 degree 50 minutes and 89 degree 50 minutes east longitude , and 21 degrees 25 minutes and 27 degrees 13 minutes north latitude .","The state has a total area of 88,752 square kilometres ( 34,267 sq mi ) .","With Bangladesh , which lies on its eastern border , the state forms the ethno - linguistic region of Bengal .","To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and the country Bhutan , and to its southwest , the state of Orissa .","To the west it borders the state of Jharkhand and Bihar , and to the northwest , Nepal .","The capital of the state is Kolkata , the third - largest urban agglomeration and the seventh - largest city in India ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2227900928570620477","input":"where did the band name pearl jam come from","passages":[{"title":"Pearl Jam","text":"Released on August 27 , 1991 , Ten ( named after Mookie Blaylock 's jersey number ) contained eleven tracks dealing with dark subjects like depression , suicide , loneliness , and murder . Ten 's musical style , influenced by classic rock , combined an `` expansive harmonic vocabulary '' with an anthemic sound . The album was slow to sell , but by the second half of 1992 it became a breakthrough success , being certified gold and reaching number two on the Billboard charts . Ten produced the hit singles `` Alive '' , `` Even Flow '' , and `` Jeremy '' . Originally interpreted as an anthem by many , Vedder later revealed that `` Alive '' tells the semi-autobiographical tale of a son discovering that his father is actually his stepfather , while his mother 's grief turns her to sexually embrace her son , who strongly resembles the biological father . The song `` Jeremy '' and its accompanying video were inspired by a true story in which a high school student shot himself in front of his classmates . Ten stayed on the Billboard charts for nearly five years , and has gone on to become one of the highest - selling rock records ever , going 13x platinum .","sentences":["Released on August 27 , 1991 , Ten ( named after Mookie Blaylock 's jersey number ) contained eleven tracks dealing with dark subjects like depression , suicide , loneliness , and murder .","Ten 's musical style , influenced by classic rock , combined an `` expansive harmonic vocabulary '' with an anthemic sound .","The album was slow to sell , but by the second half of 1992 it became a breakthrough success , being certified gold and reaching number two on the Billboard charts .","Ten produced the hit singles `` Alive '' , `` Even Flow '' , and `` Jeremy '' .","Originally interpreted as an anthem by many , Vedder later revealed that `` Alive '' tells the semi-autobiographical tale of a son discovering that his father is actually his stepfather , while his mother 's grief turns her to sexually embrace her son , who strongly resembles the biological father .","The song `` Jeremy '' and its accompanying video were inspired by a true story in which a high school student shot himself in front of his classmates .","Ten stayed on the Billboard charts for nearly five years , and has gone on to become one of the highest - selling rock records ever , going 13x platinum ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"99675232475435898","input":"how does a trailing suction hopper dredger work","passages":[{"title":"Trailing suction hopper dredger","text":"Dumping - This is done by simply opening the doors that close the hopper . Once opened the substance will simply drop to the seabed because of gravity . The hopper will never be completely empty because there will always be some residue and water left inside . Pressing - High pressure pumps will pump water inside the hopper to loosen or even liquefy the substance , which can then be pumped via long hoses over great distances ( f.i. ashore ) Rainbowing - This is the same principle as pressing , but instead of transporting the substance it will simply be blown away . This is often used to create land . Crane - It is always possible to discharge the load with a crane , but this will be a time consuming process .","sentences":["Dumping - This is done by simply opening the doors that close the hopper .","Once opened the substance will simply drop to the seabed because of gravity .","The hopper will never be completely empty because there will always be some residue and water left inside .","Pressing - High pressure pumps will pump water inside the hopper to loosen or even liquefy the substance , which can then be pumped via long hoses over great distances ( f.i. ashore )","Rainbowing - This is the same principle as pressing , but instead of transporting the substance it will simply be blown away .","This is often used to create land .","Crane - It is always possible to discharge the load with a crane , but this will be a time consuming process ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9135836141688031012","input":"how i met your mother season 5 episode 15 blonde girl","passages":[{"title":"How I Met Your Mother (season 5)","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod . code U.S. viewers ( millions ) 89 `` Definitions '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas September 21 , 2009 ( 2009 - 09 - 21 ) 5ALH01 9.09 When the gang finds out that Barney and Robin are hesitant to define their relationship , Lily forces them to confront their biggest fear ... becoming boyfriend \/ girlfriend . Meanwhile , Ted is anxious about teaching his first lecture . 90 `` Double Date '' Pamela Fryman Matt Kuhn September 28 , 2009 ( 2009 - 09 - 28 ) 5ALH02 8.73 Ted discovers he had been fixed up with the same woman , seven years earlier . The rest of the gang goes to the Lusty Leopard strip club and see a dancer who looks like Lily . 91 `` Robin 101 '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas October 5 , 2009 ( 2009 - 10 - 05 ) 5ALH03 8.23 When Robin fears that Barney is cheating on her , she soon discovers that he is spending his evenings with Ted learning everything there is to know on how to date her . Marshall gives away a prized possession . 92 `` The Sexless Innkeeper '' Pamela Fryman Kourtney Kang October 12 , 2009 ( 2009 - 10 - 12 ) 5ALH04 8.56 Marshall and Lily desperately try to have a double date with Barney and Robin . A girl falls asleep at Ted 's apartment after meeting him at the bar , making him the `` Sexless Innkeeper '' . 93 5 `` Duel Citizenship '' Pamela Fryman Chuck Tatham October 19 , 2009 ( 2009 - 10 - 19 ) 5ALH05 8.07 Ted proposes a road trip with Marshall to their favorite pizza parlor in Chicago to reminisce their bachelor days , but Lily comes on the trip , spoiling the ' bro ' time . Barney is seeking American citizenship for Robin , but her Canadian traits still remain . 94 6 `` Bagpipes '' Pamela Fryman Robia Rashid November 2 , 2009 ( 2009 - 11 - 02 ) 5ALH06 8.82 Barney , thinking he and Robin are the perfect couple , gives relationship advice to Marshall , which turns out to be a big mistake . Ted and Robin have some noisy neighbours . 95 7 `` The Rough Patch '' Pamela Fryman Chris Harris November 9 , 2009 ( 2009 - 11 - 09 ) 5ALH07 8.82 Ted and Marshall decide to break Barney and Robin up for good after they hit a rough patch in their relationship . When their plan fails , they turn to Lily and she enlists some things to break them up , including Alan Thicke . 96 8 `` The Playbook '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas November 16 , 2009 ( 2009 - 11 - 16 ) 5ALH08 8.44 Barney pulls out all of his greatest tricks to reenter the dating scene after he and Robin break up with the use of the Playbook . 97 9 `` Slapsgiving 2 : Revenge of the Slap '' Pamela Fryman Jamie Rhonheimer November 23 , 2009 ( 2009 - 11 - 23 ) 5ALH09 8.75 The gang celebrates Thanksgiving this year with Lily 's estranged father ( Chris Elliott ) whom she had n't spoken to in three years . Ted and Robin are given the chance to use Marshall 's fourth Slap Bet slap on Barney . 98 10 `` The Window '' Pamela Fryman Joe Kelly December 7 , 2009 ( 2009 - 12 - 07 ) 5ALH11 8.79 Maggie ( JoAnna Garcia ) , a girl next door that Ted has wanted to date for years , has suddenly broken up with her latest boyfriend , giving him and other guys a chance to score with her . 99 11 `` Last Cigarette Ever '' Pamela Fryman Theresa Mulligan Rosenthal December 14 , 2009 ( 2009 - 12 - 14 ) 5ALH10 9.65 After quitting cold turkey , Marshall takes up smoking again , with Lily , Ted , Robin and Barney not far behind . 100 12 `` Girls Versus Suits '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas January 11 , 2010 ( 2010 - 01 - 11 ) 5ALH12 9.78 Ted meets Cindy ( Rachel Bilson ) , a student ( PhD candidate ) who is close to his own age and who happens to be roommates with his future wife . Barney , meanwhile , tries to pick up a hot bartender ( Stacy Keibler ) who hates guys in suits by wearing casual clothes leading to a musical number performed by the entire cast . 101 13 `` Jenkins '' Neil Patrick Harris Greg Malins January 18 , 2010 ( 2010 - 01 - 18 ) 5ALH13 10.52 Marshall finds himself in a quandary as Lily refuses to believe that one of his female colleagues ( Amanda Peet ) kissed him . 102 14 `` Perfect Week '' Pamela Fryman Craig Gerard & Matthew Zinman February 1 , 2010 ( 2010 - 02 - 01 ) 5ALH14 9.28 Barney aims to achieve the perfect week : seven days , seven hook - ups , zero rejections , but a sudden accident changes his way of life . 103 15 `` Rabbit or Duck '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas February 8 , 2010 ( 2010 - 02 - 08 ) 5ALH15 10.00 Ted abdicates responsibility for finding a Valentine 's Day date , and allows Lily and Marshall to `` arrange '' a date for him ; Robin foolishly consents to attend a Valentine 's day party given by her deeply inappropriate co-worker , Don Frank . Barney has a ' magic ' phone but ca n't stop answering it . 104 16 `` Hooked '' Pamela Fryman Kourtney Kang March 1 , 2010 ( 2010 - 03 - 01 ) 5ALH16 10.37 When a beautiful young woman `` hooks '' Ted ( keeping Ted in reserve as backup while she pursues her own dream boyfriend ) , the gang discusses their own experiences both as the one who `` hooks '' and the one on the hook . Guest starring Carrie Underwood as `` Tiffany '' . 105 17 `` Of Course '' Pamela Fryman Matt Kuhn March 8 , 2010 ( 2010 - 03 - 08 ) 5ALH18 10.06 Robin is looking to get back at Barney for being insensitive to her after they broke up , hiring self - help author Anita ( Jennifer Lopez ) to help her out . 106 18 `` Say Cheese '' Pamela Fryman Robia Rashid March 22 , 2010 ( 2010 - 03 - 22 ) 5ALH17 8.37 It is Lily 's 32nd birthday , that Marshall has carefully planned . Ted has to ruin it all by bringing a stranger to the intimate celebration , an incident that causes Lily to drag out the photo albums and review the endless parade of short - timers in Ted 's romantic life . Robin tries to catch Barney in a bad position to take a photograph . 107 19 `` Zoo or False '' Pamela Fryman Stephen Lloyd April 12 , 2010 ( 2010 - 04 - 12 ) 5ALH22 6.88 Marshall gets mugged which leads Lily to think getting a gun is the answer to keeping them safe . Marshall tries to come up with ways to stop her . 108 20 `` Home Wreckers '' Pamela Fryman Chris Harris April 19 , 2010 ( 2010 - 04 - 19 ) 5ALH20 7.71 Ted impulsively buys a dilapidated house after his mother 's wedding . 109 21 `` Twin Beds '' Pamela Fryman Theresa Mulligan Rosenthal May 3 , 2010 ( 2010 - 05 - 03 ) 5ALH19 7.70 Both Ted and Barney jeopardize Robin 's new relationship by professing their love for her . Meanwhile , after spending a weekend sleeping in twin beds , Marshall and Lily decide to get twin beds at home . 110 22 `` Robots Versus Wrestlers '' Rob Greenberg Jamie Rhonheimer May 10 , 2010 ( 2010 - 05 - 10 ) 5ALH21 8.16 Crashing a snobby high - society party allows Ted to show off how pretentiously intellectual he can be . Barney , Marshall , and Lily visit a Robots Vs Wrestlers event . Marshall and Lily make a secret pact to start trying to have a baby if they ever finally see Barney 's doppelg\u00e4nger . 111 23 `` The Wedding Bride '' Pamela Fryman Stephen Lloyd May 17 , 2010 ( 2010 - 05 - 17 ) 5ALH24 7.69 Ted takes a date , Royce ( Judy Greer ) , to see a new hit movie , The Wedding Bride . However , he recognizes its plot as similar to his relationship with Stella , especially since her fiance , Tony , wrote the screenplay . 112 24 `` Doppelgangers '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas May 24 , 2010 ( 2010 - 05 - 24 ) 5ALH23 8.18 Lily and Marshall make some hard choices upon seeing Barney 's doppelganger . Robin finally gets an offer for her dream job but someone else would end up with it .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod .","code U.S. viewers ( millions ) 89","`` Definitions '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas September 21 , 2009 ( 2009 - 09 - 21 ) 5ALH01 9.09","When the gang finds out that Barney and Robin are hesitant to define their relationship , Lily forces them to confront their biggest fear ... becoming boyfriend \/ girlfriend .","Meanwhile , Ted is anxious about teaching his first lecture .","90 `` Double Date ''","Pamela Fryman Matt Kuhn September 28 , 2009 ( 2009 - 09 - 28 ) 5ALH02 8.73 Ted discovers he had been fixed up with the same woman , seven years earlier .","The rest of the gang goes to the Lusty Leopard strip club and see a dancer who looks like Lily .","91 `` Robin 101 ''","Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas October 5 , 2009 ( 2009 - 10 - 05 ) 5ALH03 8.23 When Robin fears that Barney is cheating on her , she soon discovers that he is spending his evenings with Ted learning everything there is to know on how to date her .","Marshall gives away a prized possession .","92 `` The Sexless Innkeeper '' Pamela Fryman Kourtney Kang October 12 , 2009 ( 2009 - 10 - 12 ) 5ALH04 8.56 Marshall and Lily desperately try to have a double date with Barney and Robin .","A girl falls asleep at Ted 's apartment after meeting him at the bar , making him the `` Sexless Innkeeper '' .","93 5 `` Duel Citizenship '' Pamela Fryman Chuck Tatham October 19 , 2009 ( 2009 - 10 - 19 ) 5ALH05 8.07 Ted proposes a road trip with Marshall to their favorite pizza parlor in Chicago to reminisce their bachelor days , but Lily comes on the trip , spoiling the ' bro ' time .","Barney is seeking American citizenship for Robin , but her Canadian traits still remain .","94 6 `` Bagpipes '' Pamela Fryman Robia Rashid November 2 , 2009 ( 2009 - 11 - 02 ) 5ALH06 8.82 Barney , thinking he and Robin are the perfect couple , gives relationship advice to Marshall , which turns out to be a big mistake .","Ted and Robin have some noisy neighbours .","95 7 `` The Rough Patch ''","Pamela Fryman Chris Harris November 9 , 2009 ( 2009 - 11 - 09 ) 5ALH07 8.82 Ted and Marshall decide to break Barney and Robin up for good after they hit a rough patch in their relationship .","When their plan fails , they turn to Lily and she enlists some things to break them up , including Alan Thicke .","96 8 `` The Playbook '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas November 16 , 2009 ( 2009 - 11 - 16 ) 5ALH08 8.44 Barney pulls out all of his greatest tricks to reenter the dating scene after he and Robin break up with the use of the Playbook .","97 9 `` Slapsgiving 2 : Revenge of the Slap '' Pamela Fryman Jamie Rhonheimer November 23 , 2009 ( 2009 - 11 - 23 ) 5ALH09 8.75","The gang celebrates Thanksgiving this year with Lily 's estranged father ( Chris Elliott ) whom she had n't spoken to in three years .","Ted and Robin are given the chance to use Marshall 's fourth Slap Bet slap on Barney .","98 10 `` The Window '' Pamela Fryman Joe Kelly December 7 , 2009 ( 2009 - 12 - 07 ) 5ALH11 8.79 Maggie ( JoAnna Garcia ) , a girl next door that Ted has wanted to date for years , has suddenly broken up with her latest boyfriend , giving him and other guys a chance to score with her .","99 11 `` Last Cigarette Ever ''","Pamela Fryman Theresa Mulligan Rosenthal December 14 , 2009 ( 2009 - 12 - 14 )","5ALH10 9.65","After quitting cold turkey , Marshall takes up smoking again , with Lily , Ted , Robin and Barney not far behind .","100 12 `` Girls Versus Suits '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas January 11 , 2010 ( 2010 - 01 - 11 ) 5ALH12 9.78","Ted meets Cindy ( Rachel Bilson ) , a student ( PhD candidate ) who is close to his own age and who happens to be roommates with his future wife .","Barney , meanwhile , tries to pick up a hot bartender ( Stacy Keibler ) who hates guys in suits by wearing casual clothes leading to a musical number performed by the entire cast .","101 13 `` Jenkins '' Neil Patrick Harris Greg Malins January 18 , 2010 ( 2010 - 01 - 18 ) 5ALH13 10.52 Marshall finds himself in a quandary as Lily refuses to believe that one of his female colleagues ( Amanda Peet ) kissed him .","102 14 `` Perfect Week ''","Pamela Fryman Craig Gerard & Matthew Zinman February 1 , 2010 ( 2010 - 02 - 01 ) 5ALH14 9.28","Barney aims to achieve the perfect week : seven days , seven hook - ups , zero rejections , but a sudden accident changes his way of life .","103 15 `` Rabbit or Duck '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas February 8 , 2010 ( 2010 - 02 - 08 )","5ALH15 10.00 Ted abdicates responsibility for finding a Valentine 's Day date , and allows Lily and Marshall to `` arrange '' a date for him ; Robin foolishly consents to attend a Valentine 's day party given by her deeply inappropriate co-worker , Don Frank .","Barney has a ' magic ' phone but ca n't stop answering it .","104 16 `` Hooked '' Pamela Fryman Kourtney Kang March 1 , 2010 ( 2010 - 03 - 01 )","5ALH16 10.37","When a beautiful young woman `` hooks ''","Ted ( keeping Ted in reserve as backup while she pursues her own dream boyfriend ) , the gang discusses their own experiences both as the one who `` hooks '' and the one on the hook .","Guest starring Carrie Underwood as `` Tiffany '' .","105 17 `` Of Course '' Pamela Fryman Matt Kuhn March 8 , 2010 ( 2010 - 03 - 08 ) 5ALH18 10.06 Robin is looking to get back at Barney for being insensitive to her after they broke up , hiring self - help author Anita ( Jennifer Lopez ) to help her out .","106 18 `` Say Cheese '' Pamela Fryman Robia Rashid March 22 , 2010 ( 2010 - 03 - 22 ) 5ALH17 8.37","It is Lily 's 32nd birthday , that Marshall has carefully planned .","Ted has to ruin it all by bringing a stranger to the intimate celebration , an incident that causes Lily to drag out the photo albums and review the endless parade of short - timers in Ted 's romantic life .","Robin tries to catch Barney in a bad position to take a photograph .","107 19 `` Zoo or False '' Pamela Fryman Stephen Lloyd April 12 , 2010 ( 2010 - 04 - 12 ) 5ALH22 6.88 Marshall gets mugged which leads Lily to think getting a gun is the answer to keeping them safe .","Marshall tries to come up with ways to stop her .","108 20 `` Home Wreckers ''","Pamela Fryman Chris Harris April 19 , 2010 ( 2010 - 04 - 19 ) 5ALH20 7.71","Ted impulsively buys a dilapidated house after his mother 's wedding .","109 21 `` Twin Beds '' Pamela Fryman Theresa Mulligan Rosenthal May 3 , 2010 ( 2010 - 05 - 03 ) 5ALH19 7.70 Both Ted and Barney jeopardize Robin 's new relationship by professing their love for her .","Meanwhile , after spending a weekend sleeping in twin beds , Marshall and Lily decide to get twin beds at home .","110 22 `` Robots Versus Wrestlers '' Rob Greenberg Jamie Rhonheimer May 10 , 2010 ( 2010 - 05 - 10 ) 5ALH21","8.16 Crashing a snobby high - society party allows Ted to show off how pretentiously intellectual he can be .","Barney , Marshall , and Lily visit a Robots Vs Wrestlers event .","Marshall and Lily make a secret pact to start trying to have a baby if they ever finally see Barney 's doppelg\u00e4nger .","111 23 `` The Wedding Bride '' Pamela Fryman Stephen Lloyd May 17 , 2010 ( 2010 - 05 - 17 ) 5ALH24","7.69 Ted takes a date , Royce ( Judy Greer ) , to see a new hit movie , The Wedding Bride .","However , he recognizes its plot as similar to his relationship with Stella , especially since her fiance , Tony , wrote the screenplay .","112 24 `` Doppelgangers '' Pamela Fryman Carter Bays & Craig Thomas May 24 , 2010 ( 2010 - 05 - 24 ) 5ALH23 8.18 Lily and Marshall make some hard choices upon seeing Barney 's doppelganger .","Robin finally gets an offer for her dream job but someone else would end up with it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"932388891781095803","input":"why did they build the wall of china","passages":[{"title":"History of the Great Wall of China","text":"According to the model by sinologist Karl August Wittfogel , the loess soils of Shaanxi made it possible for the Chinese to develop irrigated agriculture early on . Although this allowed them to expand into the lower reaches of the Yellow River valley , such extensive waterworks on an ever - increasing scale required collective labour , something that could only be managed by some form of bureaucracy . Thus the scholar - bureaucrats came to the fore to keep track of the income and expenses of the granaries . Walled cities grew up around the granaries for reasons of defence along with ease of administration ; they kept invaders out and ensured that citizens remained within . These cities combined to become feudal states , which eventually united to become an empire . Likewise , according to this model , walls not only enveloped cities as time went by , but also lined the borders of the feudal states and eventually the whole Chinese empire to provide protection against raids from the agrarian northern steppes .","sentences":["According to the model by sinologist Karl August Wittfogel , the loess soils of Shaanxi made it possible for the Chinese to develop irrigated agriculture early on .","Although this allowed them to expand into the lower reaches of the Yellow River valley , such extensive waterworks on an ever - increasing scale required collective labour , something that could only be managed by some form of bureaucracy .","Thus the scholar - bureaucrats came to the fore to keep track of the income and expenses of the granaries .","Walled cities grew up around the granaries for reasons of defence along with ease of administration ; they kept invaders out and ensured that citizens remained within .","These cities combined to become feudal states , which eventually united to become an empire .","Likewise , according to this model , walls not only enveloped cities as time went by , but also lined the borders of the feudal states and eventually the whole Chinese empire to provide protection against raids from the agrarian northern steppes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5876447780016117740","input":"how many gears are there in pulsar 150","passages":[{"title":"Bajaj Pulsar","text":"2012 marked the entry of Bajaj 's latest design , the Pulsar 200NS ( NS standing for Naked - Sport ) . The bike has a revised 200 cc liquid - cooled engine derived from the KTM 200 Duke , which produces 23.17 bhp ( 17.28 kW ) at 9,500 rpm and 18.3 N \u22c5 m ( 13.5 lbf \u22c5 ft ) at 8,000 rpm . It has a new triple - spark design , along - with a new four - valve SOHC . The company claims a top speed of 136 km \/ h ( 85 mph ) . It does not have fuel injection like its predecessor , the Pulsar 220Fi . It has a petal disc brake on the front , a disc brake on the rear wheel , and a gas - charged monoshock . It was launched in April 2012 . Claimed fuel economy is 58 kilometres per litre ( 140 mpg ) when ridden under 60 kilometres per hour ( 37 mph ) . Design of the 200NS was by Bajaj lead designer Edgar Heinrich , who left Bajaj to become head of BMW Motorrad design in mid-2012 .","sentences":["2012 marked the entry of Bajaj 's latest design , the Pulsar 200NS ( NS standing for Naked - Sport ) .","The bike has a revised 200 cc liquid - cooled engine derived from the KTM 200 Duke , which produces 23.17 bhp ( 17.28 kW ) at 9,500 rpm and 18.3 N \u22c5 m ( 13.5 lbf \u22c5 ft ) at 8,000 rpm .","It has a new triple - spark design , along - with a new four - valve SOHC .","The company claims a top speed of 136 km \/ h ( 85 mph ) .","It does not have fuel injection like its predecessor , the Pulsar 220Fi .","It has a petal disc brake on the front , a disc brake on the rear wheel , and a gas - charged monoshock .","It was launched in April 2012 .","Claimed fuel economy is 58 kilometres per litre ( 140 mpg ) when ridden under 60 kilometres per hour ( 37 mph ) .","Design of the 200NS was by Bajaj lead designer Edgar Heinrich , who left Bajaj to become head of BMW Motorrad design in mid-2012 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1647974432312963483","input":"how much is a tesla model x p90d","passages":[{"title":"Tesla Model X","text":"The Model X ranked as the top selling plug - in electric car in Norway in September 2016 . However , when Volkswagen Golf nameplate registrations are broken down by each variant 's powetrain , the all - electric e-Golf registered 392 units , the Golf GTE plug - in hybrid 358 , and the internal combustion - powered Golf only 242 units . Therefore , the Model X also ranked as the top selling new car model in September 2016 . Norway was the world 's first country to have all - electric cars topping the new car sales monthly ranking . Previously , the Model S had been the top selling new car four times , and the Nissan Leaf twice . Multiple","sentences":["The Model X ranked as the top selling plug - in electric car in Norway in September 2016 .","However , when Volkswagen Golf nameplate registrations are broken down by each variant 's powetrain , the all - electric e-Golf registered 392 units , the Golf GTE plug - in hybrid 358 , and the internal combustion - powered Golf only 242 units .","Therefore , the Model X also ranked as the top selling new car model in September 2016 .","Norway was the world 's first country to have all - electric cars topping the new car sales monthly ranking .","Previously , the Model S had been the top selling new car four times , and the Nissan Leaf twice .","Multiple"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6508459010187088394","input":"where did you come from where do we go from here","passages":[{"title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?","text":"In 1898 , Gauguin sent the painting to Georges - Daniel de Monfreid in Paris . Monfreid passed it to Ambroise Vollard along with eight other thematically related pictures shipped earlier . They went on view at Vollard 's gallery from November to December 1898 . The exhibition was a success , although D'o\u00f9 Venons Nous ? received mixed reviews . The critic Andre Fontainas of the Mercure de France acknowledged a grudging respect for the work but thought the allegory impenetrable were it not for the inscription , and compared the painting unfavourably to the murals of Pierre Puvis de Chavannes who had died recently . Vollard had already purchased the other works as a job lot from Monfreid for 1,000 francs ( Gauguin was furious when he found out ) , but refrained from purchasing the larger monumental work and had difficulty selling it on .","sentences":["In 1898 , Gauguin sent the painting to Georges - Daniel de Monfreid in Paris .","Monfreid passed it to Ambroise Vollard along with eight other thematically related pictures shipped earlier .","They went on view at Vollard 's gallery from November to December 1898 .","The exhibition was a success , although D'o\u00f9 Venons Nous ?","received mixed reviews .","The critic Andre Fontainas of the Mercure de France acknowledged a grudging respect for the work but thought the allegory impenetrable were it not for the inscription , and compared the painting unfavourably to the murals of Pierre Puvis de Chavannes who had died recently .","Vollard had already purchased the other works as a job lot from Monfreid for 1,000 francs ( Gauguin was furious when he found out ) , but refrained from purchasing the larger monumental work and had difficulty selling it on ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4623853041072063285","input":"where was the movie the cure for wellness filmed","passages":[{"title":"A Cure for Wellness","text":"A Cure for Wellness received mixed reviews from critics , with praise for its visuals , performances and ambition , but criticism for its length , plot and structure . Critics have noted the film 's Lovecraftian elements . On the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes , the film has an approval rating of 42 % based on 170 reviews , with an average rating of 5.4 \/ 10 . The site 's critical consensus reads , `` A Cure for Wellness boasts a surfeit of visual style , but it 's wasted on a derivative and predictable story whose twists , turns , and frights have all been more effectively dealt before . '' On Metacritic , which assigns a normalized rating to reviews , the film has a score of 47 out of 100 , based on 40 critics , indicating `` mixed or average reviews '' . Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of `` C + '' on an A+ to F scale .","sentences":["A Cure for Wellness received mixed reviews from critics , with praise for its visuals , performances and ambition , but criticism for its length , plot and structure .","Critics have noted the film 's Lovecraftian elements .","On the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes , the film has an approval rating of 42 % based on 170 reviews , with an average rating of 5.4 \/ 10 .","The site 's critical consensus reads , `` A Cure for Wellness boasts a surfeit of visual style , but it 's wasted on a derivative and predictable story whose twists , turns , and frights have all been more effectively dealt before . ''","On Metacritic , which assigns a normalized rating to reviews , the film has a score of 47 out of 100 , based on 40 critics , indicating `` mixed or average reviews '' .","Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of `` C + '' on an A+ to F scale ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3118228434395453046","input":"where do the stargate movies fit in the timeline","passages":[{"title":"Stargate","text":"Stargate is a military science fiction and media franchise based on the film written by Dean Devlin and Roland Emmerich . The franchise is based on the idea of an alien Einstein -- Rosen bridge device ( the Stargate ) that enables nearly instantaneous travel across the cosmos . The franchise began with the film Stargate , released on October 28 , 1994 , by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer and Carolco , which grossed US $ 197 million worldwide . In 1997 , Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner created a television series titled Stargate SG - 1 as a sequel to the film . This show was joined by Stargate Atlantis in 2004 , Stargate Universe in 2009 , and a prequel web series , Stargate : Origins , in 2017 . Also consistent with the same story are a variety of books , video games and comic books , as well as the direct - to - DVD movies Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Stargate : Continuum , which concluded the first television show after 10 seasons .","sentences":["Stargate is a military science fiction and media franchise based on the film written by Dean Devlin and Roland Emmerich .","The franchise is based on the idea of an alien Einstein -- Rosen bridge device ( the Stargate ) that enables nearly instantaneous travel across the cosmos .","The franchise began with the film Stargate , released on October 28 , 1994 , by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer and Carolco , which grossed US $ 197 million worldwide .","In 1997 , Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner created a television series titled Stargate SG - 1 as a sequel to the film .","This show was joined by Stargate Atlantis in 2004 , Stargate Universe in 2009 , and a prequel web series , Stargate : Origins , in 2017 .","Also consistent with the same story are a variety of books , video games and comic books , as well as the direct - to - DVD movies Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Stargate : Continuum , which concluded the first television show after 10 seasons ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3900753583803689190","input":"how old is ridge on the bold and beautiful","passages":[{"title":"Ridge Forrester","text":"Ridge ( now played by Thorsten Kaye ) returns to L.A. in December 2013 and reconnects with Brooke , but breaks things off when he learns of her affair with Bill Spencer , Jr . Katie , Brooke 's youngest sister , thought she was going to die , but was going through postpartum psychosis . She wanted Brooke to take care of Bill and Will , so arranged circumstances for Brooke and Bill to fall in love and raise Baby Will together . Everyone blames Brooke 's affair with Bill on Ridge leaving Brooke on their honeymoon and spending one year away in Paris . Brooke and Ridge decide to remarry , but Katie and Ridge have connected and have feelings for each other . Katie fakes a fainting spell at the wedding . Ridge begins dating Brooke 's sister Katie Logan , which angers a jealous Brooke and Eric , who wants Ridge and Brooke together . Eric tells Ridge that if he breaks up with Katie and gets together with Brooke he will appoint Ridge CEO of Forrester Creations . Eric makes Brooke and Ridge co-vice presidents with Rick still serving as president . Katie and Ridge become engaged and Bill seizes the opportunity for another chance with Brooke . Bill and Brooke travel to Abu Dhabi for their marriage , which is stopped by Ridge when he learns of Bill 's one night stand with Quinn Fuller . An enraged Bill orders his right hand man Justin Barber , who was secretly piloting the helicopter Ridge and Brooke were on , to dump Ridge into the Persian Gulf . After an extensive search Brooke finds Ridge on the beach but he has suffered memory loss and has lost the ability to draw . Ridge blames Bill for his loss of drawing but finds that he is learning to draw again by working with Rick 's wife and Bill 's niece Caroline Spencer . Eric says he will step down as CEO to travel more with his brother John and will decide on a successor between Ridge and Rick . As Caroline and Ridge work together alone on the new couture line they share a few kisses and declare their attraction for each other . Katie becomes jealous of Caroline 's ability to understand Ridge and help him draw again but tells Ridge not to use Caroline to attain the CEO position . Eric chooses Ridge as the new CEO but changes his mind when he learns about Ridge and Caroline kissing . During a business meeting , Maya told everyone that Ridge and Caroline were having an affair . Though Caroline is crying and begging for Rick 's forgiveness , Ridge stands quietly . Rick is angered and hurt and begins an affair with the greedy and opportunistic Maya Avant , who convinces Rick to accept the CEO position . Rick uses his new role as CEO to enact revenge on Ridge and Caroline . Ridge and Katie 's relationship is strained and a vengeful Katie tells Bill , who gets into a fight with Ridge . Caroline wants to have a relationship with Ridge but he tells her to work things out with Rick . Eric orders Rick to end his affair with Maya or he will fire him as CEO . Rick devises a scheme where it appears he has returned to Caroline until he is secure in his position at Forrester Creations . However , Rick continues his affair with Maya until he was able to gain irrevocable control of the company from Eric . Once he achieves this , he leaves Caroline and moves Maya into the Forrester Mansion , and replaces Stephanie 's portrait above the fireplace with one of Maya . Rick finds Ridge and Caroline making out with each other in the design office and shoots at them with a gun that he stole from Eric . Eric then uses the morality clause in Rick 's contract to push him out as CEO , and Ridge returns to the top position . Katie then breaks off her engagement with Ridge as his relationship with Caroline progresses .","sentences":["Ridge ( now played by Thorsten Kaye ) returns to L.A. in December 2013 and reconnects with Brooke , but breaks things off when he learns of her affair with Bill Spencer , Jr .","Katie , Brooke 's youngest sister , thought she was going to die , but was going through postpartum psychosis .","She wanted Brooke to take care of Bill and Will , so arranged circumstances for Brooke and Bill to fall in love and raise Baby Will together .","Everyone blames Brooke 's affair with Bill on Ridge leaving Brooke on their honeymoon and spending one year away in Paris .","Brooke and Ridge decide to remarry , but Katie and Ridge have connected and have feelings for each other .","Katie fakes a fainting spell at the wedding .","Ridge begins dating Brooke 's sister Katie Logan , which angers a jealous Brooke and Eric , who wants Ridge and Brooke together .","Eric tells Ridge that if he breaks up with Katie and gets together with Brooke he will appoint Ridge CEO of Forrester Creations .","Eric makes Brooke and Ridge co-vice presidents with Rick still serving as president .","Katie and Ridge become engaged and Bill seizes the opportunity for another chance with Brooke .","Bill and Brooke travel to Abu Dhabi for their marriage , which is stopped by Ridge when he learns of Bill 's one night stand with Quinn Fuller .","An enraged Bill orders his right hand man Justin Barber , who was secretly piloting the helicopter Ridge and Brooke were on , to dump Ridge into the Persian Gulf .","After an extensive search Brooke finds Ridge on the beach but he has suffered memory loss and has lost the ability to draw .","Ridge blames Bill for his loss of drawing but finds that he is learning to draw again by working with Rick 's wife and Bill 's niece Caroline Spencer .","Eric says he will step down as CEO to travel more with his brother John and will decide on a successor between Ridge and Rick .","As Caroline and Ridge work together alone on the new couture line they share a few kisses and declare their attraction for each other .","Katie becomes jealous of Caroline 's ability to understand Ridge and help him draw again but tells Ridge not to use Caroline to attain the CEO position .","Eric chooses Ridge as the new CEO but changes his mind when he learns about Ridge and Caroline kissing .","During a business meeting , Maya told everyone that Ridge and Caroline were having an affair .","Though Caroline is crying and begging for Rick 's forgiveness , Ridge stands quietly .","Rick is angered and hurt and begins an affair with the greedy and opportunistic Maya Avant , who convinces Rick to accept the CEO position .","Rick uses his new role as CEO to enact revenge on Ridge and Caroline .","Ridge and Katie 's relationship is strained and a vengeful Katie tells Bill , who gets into a fight with Ridge .","Caroline wants to have a relationship with Ridge but he tells her to work things out with Rick .","Eric orders Rick to end his affair with Maya or he will fire him as CEO .","Rick devises a scheme where it appears he has returned to Caroline until he is secure in his position at Forrester Creations .","However , Rick continues his affair with Maya until he was able to gain irrevocable control of the company from Eric .","Once he achieves this , he leaves Caroline and moves Maya into the Forrester Mansion , and replaces Stephanie 's portrait above the fireplace with one of Maya .","Rick finds Ridge and Caroline making out with each other in the design office and shoots at them with a gun that he stole from Eric .","Eric then uses the morality clause in Rick 's contract to push him out as CEO , and Ridge returns to the top position .","Katie then breaks off her engagement with Ridge as his relationship with Caroline progresses ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5663597167568404766","input":"what celebrities live on the 17 mile drive","passages":[{"title":"17-Mile Drive","text":"Drawn by six bay horses , President Benjamin Harrison took the coach ride through the reservation in 1891 . The coach was adorned with the national colors `` and the harness on the horses was lined with bunting and roses as far as possible . '' In the newspaper The Monterey Cypress , president Harrison noted `` This is a lovely spot . I only wish I could stay here a week . '' In 1887 , the hotel was destroyed by fire and replaced with a new structure . The Del Monte Golf Course was added in 1897 as part of the hotel and is today the oldest operating course west of the Mississippi . In 1919 , the Los Angeles Times called the 17 - Mile Drive one of the `` great wonders of the world . ''","sentences":["Drawn by six bay horses , President Benjamin Harrison took the coach ride through the reservation in 1891 .","The coach was adorned with the national colors `` and the harness on the horses was lined with bunting and roses as far as possible . ''","In the newspaper The Monterey Cypress , president Harrison noted `` This is a lovely spot .","I only wish I could stay here a week . ''","In 1887 , the hotel was destroyed by fire and replaced with a new structure .","The Del Monte Golf Course was added in 1897 as part of the hotel and is today the oldest operating course west of the Mississippi .","In 1919 , the Los Angeles Times called the 17 - Mile Drive one of the `` great wonders of the world . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-299756149980779415","input":"what is the voting process in the united states","passages":[{"title":"Elections in the United States","text":"This article is part of a series on the Politics of the United States of America Federal Government ( show ) Constitution of the United States Law Taxation Legislature ( show ) United States Congress House of Representatives Speaker Paul Ryan ( R ) Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy ( R ) Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi ( D ) Congressional districts United States Senate President Mike Pence ( R ) President Pro Tempore Orrin Hatch ( R ) President Pro Tempore Emeritus Patrick Leahy ( D ) Majority Leader Mitch McConnell ( R ) Minority Leader Chuck Schumer ( D ) Executive ( show ) President of the United States Donald Trump ( R ) Vice President of the United States Mike Pence ( R ) Cabinet Federal agencies Executive Office Judiciary ( show ) Supreme Court of the United States Chief Justice John Roberts Kennedy Thomas Ginsburg Breyer Alito Sotomayor Kagan Gorsuch Courts of Appeals District Courts ( list ) Other tribunals Elections ( show ) Presidential elections Midterm elections Off - year elections Political parties ( show ) Democratic Republican Third parties Federalism ( show ) State Government Governors Legislatures ( List ) State courts Local government Other countries Atlas","sentences":["This article is part of a series on the Politics of the United States of America Federal Government ( show ) Constitution of the United States Law Taxation Legislature ( show ) United States Congress House of Representatives Speaker Paul Ryan ( R ) Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy ( R ) Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi ( D )","Congressional districts United States Senate President Mike Pence ( R ) President Pro Tempore Orrin Hatch ( R ) President Pro Tempore Emeritus Patrick Leahy ( D ) Majority Leader Mitch McConnell ( R ) Minority Leader Chuck Schumer ( D ) Executive ( show ) President of the United States Donald Trump ( R ) Vice President of the United States Mike Pence ( R ) Cabinet Federal agencies Executive Office Judiciary ( show )","Supreme Court of the United States Chief Justice John Roberts Kennedy Thomas Ginsburg Breyer Alito Sotomayor Kagan Gorsuch Courts of Appeals District Courts ( list )","Other tribunals Elections ( show ) Presidential elections Midterm elections Off - year elections Political parties ( show )","Democratic Republican Third parties Federalism ( show )","State Government Governors Legislatures ( List ) State courts Local government Other countries Atlas"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8061262835279450212","input":"when does mary jane find out who spiderman is","passages":[{"title":"Gwen Stacy","text":"A girl seeming to be Gwen Stacy appears in Ultimate Spider - Man # 98 . Says Ultimate artist Mark Bagley , `` Gwen 's return is integral to the Clone storyline and is basically a way to rock Peter 's world ... again . '' In this issue `` Gwen '' appears to have no memory of her `` death '' and believes she was in a hospital , from which she has escaped . In issue # 100 , after a raft of revelations , the stress of the situation enrages `` Gwen '' . She transforms into what appears to be Carnage before leaping out the window . In the next issue , `` Richard Parker '' claims `` Gwen '' should not have met Peter at all , and was merely an experiment in stem cell research . This Gwen \/ Carnage fights with the Fantastic Four , Nick Fury , and the Spider - Slayer drones , until she is knocked unconscious by a beam of light , and taken into custody . In issue # 113 , Norman Osborn as the Green Goblin causes a massive prison break from the Triskelion . An inmate appearing to be ' Gwen ' walks out amidst the chaos , disappearing in the shadows . It has been revealed the creature posing as Gwen Stacy is still the original Ultimate Carnage Spider - Man faced earlier in its run . After `` devouring '' Gwen , this incarnation of Carnage has gone on to mimic her `` essence '' and now believes itself to be Gwen Stacy .","sentences":["A girl seeming to be Gwen Stacy appears in Ultimate Spider - Man # 98 .","Says Ultimate artist Mark Bagley , `` Gwen 's return is integral to the Clone storyline and is basically a way to rock Peter 's world ... again . ''","In this issue `` Gwen '' appears to have no memory of her `` death '' and believes she was in a hospital , from which she has escaped .","In issue # 100 , after a raft of revelations , the stress of the situation enrages `` Gwen '' .","She transforms into what appears to be Carnage before leaping out the window .","In the next issue , `` Richard Parker '' claims `` Gwen '' should not have met Peter at all , and was merely an experiment in stem cell research .","This Gwen \/ Carnage fights with the Fantastic Four , Nick Fury , and the Spider - Slayer drones , until she is knocked unconscious by a beam of light , and taken into custody .","In issue # 113 , Norman Osborn as the Green Goblin causes a massive prison break from the Triskelion .","An inmate appearing to be ' Gwen ' walks out amidst the chaos , disappearing in the shadows .","It has been revealed the creature posing as Gwen Stacy is still the original Ultimate Carnage Spider - Man faced earlier in its run .","After `` devouring '' Gwen , this incarnation of Carnage has gone on to mimic her `` essence '' and now believes itself to be Gwen Stacy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5571905671503287414","input":"what is the name of a female dove","passages":[{"title":"Mourning dove","text":"The male then leads the female to potential nest sites , and the female will choose one . The female dove builds the nest . The male will fly about , gather material , and bring it to her . The male will stand on the female 's back and give the material to the female , who then builds it into the nest . The nest is constructed of twigs , conifer needles , or grass blades , and is of flimsy construction . Mourning doves will sometimes requisition the unused nests of other mourning doves , other birds , or arboreal mammals such as squirrels .","sentences":["The male then leads the female to potential nest sites , and the female will choose one .","The female dove builds the nest .","The male will fly about , gather material , and bring it to her .","The male will stand on the female 's back and give the material to the female , who then builds it into the nest .","The nest is constructed of twigs , conifer needles , or grass blades , and is of flimsy construction .","Mourning doves will sometimes requisition the unused nests of other mourning doves , other birds , or arboreal mammals such as squirrels ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4349418584360428577","input":"what is the production jesus christ superstar about","passages":[{"title":"Jesus Christ Superstar","text":"Character Concept Album ( 1970 ) Broadway ( 1971 ) West End ( 1972 ) Film ( 1973 ) Broadway Revival ( 1977 ) West End Revival ( 1996 ) Film ( 2000 ) Broadway Revival ( 2000 ) Broadway Revival ( 2012 ) Regent 's Park Open Air Theatre ( 2016 ) Live in Concert ( 2018 )","sentences":["Character Concept Album ( 1970 )","Broadway ( 1971 )","West End ( 1972 )","Film ( 1973 ) Broadway Revival ( 1977 )","West End Revival ( 1996 )","Film ( 2000 ) Broadway Revival ( 2000 ) Broadway Revival ( 2012 )","Regent 's Park Open Air Theatre ( 2016 ) Live in Concert ( 2018 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-303690119730117398","input":"n texas any party receiving of the gubernatorial vote in the prior election must hold a primary","passages":[{"title":"Primary election","text":"A first try in 1995 : Lionel Jospin won the nomination three months before the election . He lost in the run - off to Jacques Chirac . Later in 2002 , although the candidacy of then - PM Jospin was undisputed in his party , each of the five left - wing parties of the government he led sent a candidate , paving the way for all five to lose by the Nader effect . The idea made progress as the 2007 race approached , once the referendum on a European constitution was over . The latter showed strong ideological divisions within the left - wing spectrum , and the Socialist Party itself . This prevented the possibility of a primary spanning the whole left - wing , that would give its support to a presidential candidate . Given that no majority supported either a leader or a split , a registration campaign , enabling membership for only 20 euros , and a closed primary was organized , which S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne Royal won . She qualified to the national run - off that she lost to Nicolas Sarkozy . In 2011 , the Socialist Party decided to organise the first ever open primary in France to pick the Socialist party and the Radical Party of the Left nominee for the 2012 presidential election . Inspired by the 2008 U.S. primaries , it was seen as a way to reinvigorate the party . The idea was first proposed by Terra Nova , an independent left - leaning think tank , in a 2008 report . It was also criticized for going against the nature of the regime . The open primary was not state - organized : the party took charge of all the electoral procedures , planning to set up 10,000 voting polls . All citizens on the electoral rolls , members of the Socialist party and the Radical Party of the Left , and members of the parties ' youth organisation ( MJS and JRG ) , including minors of 15 to 18 years old , were entitled to vote in exchange for one euro to cover the costs . More than 3 million people participated in this first open primary , which was considered a success , and former party leader Fran\u00e7ois Hollande was designated the Socialist and Radical candidate for the 2012 presidential election .","sentences":["A first try in 1995 :","Lionel Jospin won the nomination three months before the election .","He lost in the run - off to Jacques Chirac .","Later in 2002 , although the candidacy of then - PM Jospin was undisputed in his party , each of the five left - wing parties of the government he led sent a candidate , paving the way for all five to lose by the Nader effect .","The idea made progress as the 2007 race approached , once the referendum on a European constitution was over .","The latter showed strong ideological divisions within the left - wing spectrum , and the Socialist Party itself .","This prevented the possibility of a primary spanning the whole left - wing , that would give its support to a presidential candidate .","Given that no majority supported either a leader or a split , a registration campaign , enabling membership for only 20 euros , and a closed primary was organized , which S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne Royal won .","She qualified to the national run - off that she lost to Nicolas Sarkozy .","In 2011 , the Socialist Party decided to organise the first ever open primary in France to pick the Socialist party and the Radical Party of the Left nominee for the 2012 presidential election .","Inspired by the 2008 U.S. primaries , it was seen as a way to reinvigorate the party .","The idea was first proposed by Terra Nova , an independent left - leaning think tank , in a 2008 report .","It was also criticized for going against the nature of the regime .","The open primary was not state - organized : the party took charge of all the electoral procedures , planning to set up 10,000 voting polls .","All citizens on the electoral rolls , members of the Socialist party and the Radical Party of the Left , and members of the parties ' youth organisation ( MJS and JRG ) , including minors of 15 to 18 years old , were entitled to vote in exchange for one euro to cover the costs .","More than 3 million people participated in this first open primary , which was considered a success , and former party leader Fran\u00e7ois Hollande was designated the Socialist and Radical candidate for the 2012 presidential election ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7317565849390523923","input":"what season does george die on grey's anatomy","passages":[{"title":"George O'Malley","text":"Knight felt a parallel to George in that his `` confidence is n't always at its absolute highest '' , but overall he sees more differences than similarities . However , when the actor starts to think he is so different from O'Malley , an awkward move can suggest otherwise . `` I was walking , doing a scene with Katherine Heigl . I finished my line with her , and then I walked straight into the light stand . '' Critical of her affair with O'Malley , Knight 's co-star Heigl explained : `` They really hurt somebody , and they did n't seem to be taking a lot of responsibility for it . I have a really hard time with that kind of thing . I 'm maybe a little too black and white about it . '' Speaking of O'Malley's relationship with Lexie , Rhimes offered her insight : `` I love them as friends . They make good friends . We all have that friend we met in school or the gym or somewhere -- we just hit it off right away . And right away there was no pretense or airs . Just pure honesty . That 's Lexie and George . They 're really good friends and I can see the friendship evolving into something even greater . '' When asked what his `` favorite George moment '' was , Knight said his relationships with Stevens and Bailey .","sentences":["Knight felt a parallel to George in that his `` confidence is n't always at its absolute highest '' , but overall he sees more differences than similarities .","However , when the actor starts to think he is so different from O'Malley , an awkward move can suggest otherwise .","`` I was walking , doing a scene with Katherine Heigl .","I finished my line with her , and then I walked straight into the light stand . ''","Critical of her affair with O'Malley , Knight 's co-star Heigl explained : `` They really hurt somebody , and they did n't seem to be taking a lot of responsibility for it .","I have a really hard time with that kind of thing .","I 'm maybe a little too black and white about it . ''","Speaking of O'Malley's relationship with Lexie , Rhimes offered her insight : `` I love them as friends .","They make good friends .","We all have that friend we met in school or the gym or somewhere -- we just hit it off right away .","And right away there was no pretense or airs .","Just pure honesty .","That 's Lexie and George .","They 're really good friends and I can see the friendship evolving into something even greater . ''","When asked what his `` favorite George moment '' was , Knight said his relationships with Stevens and Bailey ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-930502482590277288","input":"what kind of music do french listen to","passages":[{"title":"Music of France","text":"A journal that provides coverage of popular music in France along with popular music history is Volume ! . Volume ! ( subtitled in French : La revue des musiques populaires - The journal of popular music studies ) is a biannual ( May & November ) peer - reviewed academic journal `` dedicated to the study of contemporary popular music '' . It is published by \u00c9ditions M\u00e9lanie Seteun , a publishing association specialized in popular music . The journal has both French and English editions . Volume ! was established in 2002 under the title Copyright Volume ! by G\u00e9r\u00f4me Guibert , Marie - Pierre Bonniol , and Samuel \u00c9tienne , and obtained its current name in 2008 . \u00c9tienne ( Universit\u00e9 de la Polyn\u00e9sie Fran\u00e7aise ) was its first editor - in - chief ( 2002 -- 2008 ) , before Guibert ( University of Paris III : Sorbonne Nouvelle ) took over in 2008 .","sentences":["A journal that provides coverage of popular music in France along with popular music history is Volume ! .","Volume !","( subtitled in French :","La revue des musiques populaires - The journal of popular music studies ) is a biannual ( May & November ) peer - reviewed academic journal `` dedicated to the study of contemporary popular music '' .","It is published by \u00c9ditions M\u00e9lanie Seteun , a publishing association specialized in popular music .","The journal has both French and English editions .","Volume ! was established in 2002 under the title Copyright Volume !","by G\u00e9r\u00f4me Guibert , Marie - Pierre Bonniol , and Samuel \u00c9tienne , and obtained its current name in 2008 .","\u00c9tienne ( Universit\u00e9 de la Polyn\u00e9sie Fran\u00e7aise ) was its first editor - in - chief ( 2002 -- 2008 ) , before Guibert ( University of Paris III :","Sorbonne Nouvelle ) took over in 2008 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3370925351898877014","input":"where did the seven days war take place","passages":[{"title":"Seven Days Battles","text":"Three Confederate brigades made the assault , but Longstreet ordered them forward in a piecemeal fashion , over several hours . Brig. Gen. James L. Kemper 's Virginians charged through the thick woods first and emerged in front of five batteries of McCall 's artillery . In their first combat experience , the brigade conducted a disorderly but enthusiastic assault , which carried them through the guns and broke through McCall 's main line with Jenkins 's support , followed up a few hours later by Brig. Gen. Cadmus M. Wilcox 's Alabamans . The Confederate brigades met stiff resistance in sometimes hand - to - hand combat .","sentences":["Three Confederate brigades made the assault , but Longstreet ordered them forward in a piecemeal fashion , over several hours .","Brig.","Gen. James L. Kemper 's Virginians charged through the thick woods first and emerged in front of five batteries of McCall 's artillery .","In their first combat experience , the brigade conducted a disorderly but enthusiastic assault , which carried them through the guns and broke through McCall 's main line with Jenkins 's support , followed up a few hours later by Brig.","Gen. Cadmus M. Wilcox 's Alabamans .","The Confederate brigades met stiff resistance in sometimes hand - to - hand combat ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3249651996937054180","input":"what is the value of log base e","passages":[{"title":"Natural logarithm","text":"\u222b f \u2032 ( x ) f ( x ) d x = ln \u2061 f ( x ) + C . ( \\ displaystyle \\ int ( ( \\ frac ( f ' ( x ) ) ( f ( x ) ) ) \\ , dx ) = \\ ln f ( x ) + C . )","sentences":["\u222b f \u2032 ( x ) f ( x ) d x = ln \u2061 f ( x ) + C .","( \\ displaystyle \\ int ( ( \\ frac ( f ' ( x ) )","( f ( x ) ) )","\\ , dx )","= \\ ln f","( x ) + C . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3546023892874356064","input":"who came up with the game marco polo","passages":[{"title":"Marco Polo (game)","text":"Marco Polo is an `` easily modifiable game '' , and is based on the notion of call - and - response . Marco Polo is not a location - based game because players are confined to a set space and because players must locate each other using auditory clues . Encyclopedia of Play in Today 's Society argues `` there is bipolarity in the reversal of roles ... there are repeated actions , a routine to be repeated , rules to be observed , and verbal signs to be used '' . Playing this game can allow children to experiment with different social roles , for example learning what it means to be an outcast in the role of `` It '' ( isolated , confined to a space , and unable to see others ) . According to the Nevada Regional Medical Center , `` Marco Polo is not only fun , it can be a good workout . It also puts less stress on your bones and joints because the water makes your body float . ''","sentences":["Marco Polo is an `` easily modifiable game '' , and is based on the notion of call - and - response .","Marco Polo is not a location - based game because players are confined to a set space and because players must locate each other using auditory clues .","Encyclopedia of Play in Today 's Society argues `` there is bipolarity in the reversal of roles ... there are repeated actions , a routine to be repeated , rules to be observed , and verbal signs to be used '' .","Playing this game can allow children to experiment with different social roles , for example learning what it means to be an outcast in the role of `` It '' ( isolated , confined to a space , and unable to see others ) .","According to the Nevada Regional Medical Center , `` Marco Polo is not only fun , it can be a good workout .","It also puts less stress on your bones and joints because the water makes your body float . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2354105618532327849","input":"where does the netflix show heartland take place","passages":[{"title":"Heartland (Canadian TV series)","text":"Georgie is Lou and Peter 's adopted daughter , Jack 's adopted great - granddaughter , and Phoenix 's owner . She has a best friend named Steven whom she met in the seventh \/ eighth season . When she first came to Heartland , she was a misbehaving runaway , but because she wanted to stay , she began to improve her behavior . Georgie has a habit of running away from every foster home in which she 's been placed . Jack agrees to foster her until Clint was able to find another family to foster her . Not wanting her to leave , Lou and Peter agree to become her long - term foster parents and later adopt her . Georgie adores Katie , her little sister . She also loves Phoenix , a horse who repeatedly ran away from a neglectful home , and through the intervention of the Fleming \/ Bartlett \/ Morris family , she found a new home at Heartland . She is a naturally talented show jumper , reminding Ty of Amy on Spartan when she jumps with Phoenix . She met Phoenix when she was escaping from her social worker and rode for the first time , astounding the family . Georgie is a tomboy and shares a lot of Amy 's personality ; she is fearless , talented , strong - minded , and clever . This makes Mallory very jealous of her when they first meet . In Season 6 , she finds an Alsatian dog running wild , whom she is allowed to keep and names Remi . When Georgie was 3 , her birth parents were killed in a car accident . She has an older brother named Jeff . Over time , Georgie develops strong bonds with the family . However , she continues to misbehave at times , even running away once . She has a rival named Olivia , with whom she later develops a grudging friendship . In the later seasons , Georgie and Olivia join the Extreme Team , a trick riding group . This replaces show jumping as Georgie 's main extracurricular interest . She works hard and is one of the best members of the team , performing stunts such as Roman riding . Georgie has some difficulty balancing schoolwork , life on a ranch , and her interest in trick riding . She struggles in math , to the point that Lou hires a math tutor on the recommendation of Georgie 's teacher . While Georgie is very reluctant to have a tutor in math , her grades improve . Georgie later develops romantic feelings for Adam Parker , her tutor . Although he reciprocates her feelings , Adam 's father is against their association , feeling that Georgie is a bad influence on his son . Eventually , it all works out and Georgie and Adam date for a few months . They break up over a perceived breach of privacy when Adam sees Georgie 's messages exchanged with Clay McMurtry and thinks she has feelings for him . Georgie also develops a strong friendship with Jade Virani , though they were definitely not friends when they met in Season 7 .","sentences":["Georgie is Lou and Peter 's adopted daughter , Jack 's adopted great - granddaughter , and Phoenix 's owner .","She has a best friend named Steven whom she met in the seventh \/ eighth season .","When she first came to Heartland , she was a misbehaving runaway , but because she wanted to stay , she began to improve her behavior .","Georgie has a habit of running away from every foster home in which she 's been placed .","Jack agrees to foster her until Clint was able to find another family to foster her .","Not wanting her to leave , Lou and Peter agree to become her long - term foster parents and later adopt her .","Georgie adores Katie , her little sister .","She also loves Phoenix , a horse who repeatedly ran away from a neglectful home , and through the intervention of the Fleming \/ Bartlett \/ Morris family , she found a new home at Heartland .","She is a naturally talented show jumper , reminding Ty of Amy on Spartan when she jumps with Phoenix .","She met Phoenix when she was escaping from her social worker and rode for the first time , astounding the family .","Georgie is a tomboy and shares a lot of Amy 's personality ; she is fearless , talented , strong - minded , and clever .","This makes Mallory very jealous of her when they first meet .","In Season 6 , she finds an Alsatian dog running wild , whom she is allowed to keep and names Remi .","When Georgie was 3 , her birth parents were killed in a car accident .","She has an older brother named Jeff .","Over time , Georgie develops strong bonds with the family .","However , she continues to misbehave at times , even running away once .","She has a rival named Olivia , with whom she later develops a grudging friendship .","In the later seasons , Georgie and Olivia join the Extreme Team , a trick riding group .","This replaces show jumping as Georgie 's main extracurricular interest .","She works hard and is one of the best members of the team , performing stunts such as Roman riding .","Georgie has some difficulty balancing schoolwork , life on a ranch , and her interest in trick riding .","She struggles in math , to the point that Lou hires a math tutor on the recommendation of Georgie 's teacher .","While Georgie is very reluctant to have a tutor in math , her grades improve .","Georgie later develops romantic feelings for Adam Parker , her tutor .","Although he reciprocates her feelings , Adam 's father is against their association , feeling that Georgie is a bad influence on his son .","Eventually , it all works out and Georgie and Adam date for a few months .","They break up over a perceived breach of privacy when Adam sees Georgie 's messages exchanged with Clay McMurtry and thinks she has feelings for him .","Georgie also develops a strong friendship with Jade Virani , though they were definitely not friends when they met in Season 7 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1950894263973728523","input":"who was sent to britain to get them to remove their troops from the ohio valley","passages":[{"title":"Battle of Fort Duquesne","text":"The French and Indian force was in fact much larger than anticipated , and moved swiftly . They overwhelmed McDonald 's decoy force and overran the party that had been meant to ambush them . Lewis 's force left its ambush positions and went to the aid of the rest of the force but the French and Indians had by then gained a point of high ground above them and forced them to retire . The Indians used the forest to their advantage ; `` concealed by a thick foliage , their heavy and destructive fire could not be returned with any effect '' . In the one - sided battle in the woods , the British and American force suffered 342 casualties , of whom 232 were from the 77th Regiment , including Grant , who was taken prisoner . Out of the eight officers in Andrew Lewis 's Virginian contingent , 5 were killed , 1 was wounded and Lewis himself was captured . Nevertheless , most of Grant 's force escaped to rejoin the main army under Forbes and Bouquet . The Franco - Indian force suffered only 8 killed and 8 wounded .","sentences":["The French and Indian force was in fact much larger than anticipated , and moved swiftly .","They overwhelmed McDonald 's decoy force and overran the party that had been meant to ambush them .","Lewis 's force left its ambush positions and went to the aid of the rest of the force but the French and Indians had by then gained a point of high ground above them and forced them to retire .","The Indians used the forest to their advantage ; `` concealed by a thick foliage , their heavy and destructive fire could not be returned with any effect '' .","In the one - sided battle in the woods , the British and American force suffered 342 casualties , of whom 232 were from the 77th Regiment , including Grant , who was taken prisoner .","Out of the eight officers in Andrew Lewis 's Virginian contingent , 5 were killed , 1 was wounded and Lewis himself was captured .","Nevertheless , most of Grant 's force escaped to rejoin the main army under Forbes and Bouquet .","The Franco - Indian force suffered only 8 killed and 8 wounded ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6224005607698430395","input":"where does the tradition of hanging stockings come from","passages":[{"title":"Christmas stocking","text":"Very long ago , there lived a poor man and his three very beautiful daughters . He had no money to get his daughters married , and he was worried what would happen to them after his death . Saint Nicholas was passing through when he heard the villagers talking about the girls . St. Nicholas wanted to help , but knew that the old man would n't accept charity . He decided to help in secret . After dark he threw three bags of gold through an open window , one landed in a stocking . When the girls and their father woke up the next morning they found the bags of gold and were , of course , overjoyed . The girls were able to get married and live happily ever after . Other versions of the story say that Saint Nicholas threw the three bags of gold directly into the stockings which were hung by the fireplace to dry .","sentences":["Very long ago , there lived a poor man and his three very beautiful daughters .","He had no money to get his daughters married , and he was worried what would happen to them after his death .","Saint Nicholas was passing through when he heard the villagers talking about the girls .","St. Nicholas wanted to help , but knew that the old man would n't accept charity .","He decided to help in secret .","After dark he threw three bags of gold through an open window , one landed in a stocking .","When the girls and their father woke up the next morning they found the bags of gold and were , of course , overjoyed .","The girls were able to get married and live happily ever after .","Other versions of the story say that Saint Nicholas threw the three bags of gold directly into the stockings which were hung by the fireplace to dry ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1534282482623706582","input":"when was the last time the mona lisa was stolen","passages":[{"title":"Vincenzo Peruggia","text":"In 1911 , Peruggia perpetrated what has been described as the greatest art theft of the 20th century . It was a police theory that the former Louvre worker hid inside the museum on Sunday , August 20 , knowing the museum would be closed the following day . But , according to Peruggia 's interrogation in Florence after his arrest , he entered the museum on Monday , August 21 around 7 am , through the door where the other Louvre workers were entering . He said he wore one of the white smocks that museum employees customarily wore and was indistinguishable from the other workers . When the Salon Carr\u00e9 , where the Mona Lisa hung , was empty , he lifted the painting off the four iron pegs that secured it to the wall and took it to a nearby service staircase . There , he removed the protective case and frame . Some people report that he concealed the painting ( which Leonardo painted on wood ) under his smock . But Peruggia was only 5 ft 3 in ( 160 cm ) , and the Mona Lisa measures approx. 21 in \u00d7 30 in ( 53 cm \u00d7 77 cm ) , so it would not fit under a smock worn by someone his size . Instead , he said he took off his smock and wrapped it around the painting , tucked it under his arm , and left the Louvre through the same door he had entered .","sentences":["In 1911 , Peruggia perpetrated what has been described as the greatest art theft of the 20th century .","It was a police theory that the former Louvre worker hid inside the museum on Sunday , August 20 , knowing the museum would be closed the following day .","But , according to Peruggia 's interrogation in Florence after his arrest , he entered the museum on Monday , August 21 around 7 am , through the door where the other Louvre workers were entering .","He said he wore one of the white smocks that museum employees customarily wore and was indistinguishable from the other workers .","When the Salon Carr\u00e9 , where the Mona Lisa hung , was empty , he lifted the painting off the four iron pegs that secured it to the wall and took it to a nearby service staircase .","There , he removed the protective case and frame .","Some people report that he concealed the painting ( which Leonardo painted on wood ) under his smock .","But Peruggia was only 5 ft 3 in ( 160 cm ) , and the Mona Lisa measures approx.","21 in \u00d7 30 in ( 53 cm \u00d7 77 cm ) , so it would not fit under a smock worn by someone his size .","Instead , he said he took off his smock and wrapped it around the painting , tucked it under his arm , and left the Louvre through the same door he had entered ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8223164450789980257","input":"what happened to the couple that won x factor","passages":[{"title":"Alex & Sierra","text":"Sierra Deaton ( born February 11 , 1991 ) in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and raised in Orlando , Florida , was born to a British father , Englishman Dr. John Deaton , and Vietnamese mother Vu Deaton . She has an older sister named Lara Deaton . She attended Lake Howell High School and The University of Central Florida . Sierra has been dancing since the age of two and studied ballet , tap , jazz , hip hop , modern , and more . She competed for eleven years and won three international titles in Irish dancing . She plays piano .","sentences":["Sierra Deaton ( born February 11 , 1991 ) in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania and raised in Orlando , Florida , was born to a British father , Englishman Dr. John Deaton , and Vietnamese mother Vu Deaton .","She has an older sister named Lara Deaton .","She attended Lake Howell High School and The University of Central Florida .","Sierra has been dancing since the age of two and studied ballet , tap , jazz , hip hop , modern , and more .","She competed for eleven years and won three international titles in Irish dancing .","She plays piano ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6389800741958538367","input":"what are the names of the sanctuary cities","passages":[{"title":"Sanctuary city","text":"Boston has an ordinance , enacted in 2014 , that bars the Boston Police Department `` from detaining anyone based on their immigration status unless they have a criminal warrant . '' Cambridge , Chelsea , Somerville , Orleans , Northampton , and Springfield have similar legislation . In August 2016 , Boston Police Commissioner , William B. Evans re-issued a memo stating `` all prisoners who are subject to ICE Detainers must receive equal access to bail commissioners , which includes notifying said prisoner of his or her right to seek bail . '' Bail commissioners are informed of the person 's status on an ICE detainer list and may set bail accordingly . The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled in 2017 that a person can not be held solely due to an ICE detainer . Michigan","sentences":["Boston has an ordinance , enacted in 2014 , that bars the Boston Police Department `` from detaining anyone based on their immigration status unless they have a criminal warrant . ''","Cambridge , Chelsea , Somerville , Orleans , Northampton , and Springfield have similar legislation .","In August 2016 , Boston Police Commissioner , William B. Evans re-issued a memo stating `` all prisoners who are subject to ICE Detainers must receive equal access to bail commissioners , which includes notifying said prisoner of his or her right to seek bail . ''","Bail commissioners are informed of the person 's status on an ICE detainer list and may set bail accordingly .","The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled in 2017 that a person can not be held solely due to an ICE detainer .","Michigan"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4366431437388426793","input":"the judicial power of the united states shall be vested in one supreme court","passages":[{"title":"Article Three of the United States Constitution","text":"Clause 1 of Section 2 authorizes the federal courts to hear actual cases and controversies only . Their judicial power does not extend to cases which are hypothetical , or which are proscribed due to standing , mootness , or ripeness issues . Generally , a case or controversy requires the presence of adverse parties who have a genuine interest at stake in the case . In Muskrat v. United States , 219 U.S. 346 ( 1911 ) , the Supreme Court denied jurisdiction to cases brought under a statute permitting certain Native Americans to bring suit against the United States to determine the constitutionality of a law allocating tribal lands . Counsel for both sides were to be paid from the federal Treasury . The Supreme Court held that , though the United States was a defendant , the case in question was not an actual controversy ; rather , the statute was merely devised to test the constitutionality of a certain type of legislation . Thus the Court 's ruling would be nothing more than an advisory opinion ; therefore , the court dismissed the suit for failing to present a `` case or controversy . ''","sentences":["Clause 1 of Section 2 authorizes the federal courts to hear actual cases and controversies only .","Their judicial power does not extend to cases which are hypothetical , or which are proscribed due to standing , mootness , or ripeness issues .","Generally , a case or controversy requires the presence of adverse parties who have a genuine interest at stake in the case .","In Muskrat v. United States , 219 U.S. 346 ( 1911 ) , the Supreme Court denied jurisdiction to cases brought under a statute permitting certain Native Americans to bring suit against the United States to determine the constitutionality of a law allocating tribal lands .","Counsel for both sides were to be paid from the federal Treasury .","The Supreme Court held that , though the United States was a defendant , the case in question was not an actual controversy ; rather , the statute was merely devised to test the constitutionality of a certain type of legislation .","Thus the Court 's ruling would be nothing more than an advisory opinion ; therefore , the court dismissed the suit for failing to present a `` case or controversy . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2483532082150297457","input":"how tall did you have to be to join the army in ww1","passages":[{"title":"Recruitment in the British Army","text":"The decision to abolish National Service was taken in 1957 with the 1957 Defence White Paper , which led to an enormous reduction in the number of soldiers between 1958 -- 63 , from about 330,000 to 165,000 by the end of National Service . In the decades that followed , cuts in the Army were the constant theme , although they were never on a large scale until the end of the cold war . Between 1963 and 1992 , strength was reduced to 153,000 . In 1990 , the Government started another defence review , which concluded with the Defence White Paper of 1992 . In a post-Soviet world , the white paper would again further reduce the army by 50,000 , effectively ending the British Army of the Rhine . The current strength of the British army is approximately 102,000 regular personnel .","sentences":["The decision to abolish National Service was taken in 1957 with the 1957 Defence White Paper , which led to an enormous reduction in the number of soldiers between 1958 -- 63 , from about 330,000 to 165,000 by the end of National Service .","In the decades that followed , cuts in the Army were the constant theme , although they were never on a large scale until the end of the cold war .","Between 1963 and 1992 , strength was reduced to 153,000 .","In 1990 , the Government started another defence review , which concluded with the Defence White Paper of 1992 .","In a post-Soviet world , the white paper would again further reduce the army by 50,000 , effectively ending the British Army of the Rhine .","The current strength of the British army is approximately 102,000 regular personnel ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2004508516030379897","input":"where can i buy a fixed odds betting terminal","passages":[{"title":"Fixed odds betting terminal","text":"FOBTs have been criticised due to the potential for addiction when playing the machines . They have been dubbed the `` crack cocaine '' of gambling by critics . In response to this criticism , in 2014 bookmakers represented by the Association of British Bookmakers introduced the facility for customers to set time and money limits when using FOBTs . In October 2017 , the Department for Digital , Culture , Media and Sport began studying the possibility of reducing the \u00a3 100 maximum bet limit and a decision was made in May 2018 to limit the maximum bet to \u00a3 2. This new maximum bet limit will not come into effect until 2019 , with bookmakers stating they are likely to close many shops after its introduction . Scotland","sentences":["FOBTs have been criticised due to the potential for addiction when playing the machines .","They have been dubbed the `` crack cocaine '' of gambling by critics .","In response to this criticism , in 2014 bookmakers represented by the Association of British Bookmakers introduced the facility for customers to set time and money limits when using FOBTs .","In October 2017 , the Department for Digital , Culture , Media and Sport began studying the possibility of reducing the \u00a3 100 maximum bet limit and a decision was made in May 2018 to limit the maximum bet to \u00a3 2.","This new maximum bet limit will not come into effect until 2019 , with bookmakers stating they are likely to close many shops after its introduction .","Scotland"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7211926489442888854","input":"when did germany surrender what is armistice day known as today","passages":[{"title":"Victory in Europe Day","text":"Italy ( 25 April ) `` Festa della Liberazione '' ( Liberation Holiday ) . Denmark ( 4 May ) as `` Befrielsen '' ( The Liberation ) Netherlands ( 5 May ) as `` Bevrijdingsdag '' ( Liberation Day ) United Kingdom : In 1995 the May Day bank holiday was moved from the first Monday in May , 1 May , to Monday 8 May , for that year only , to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the ending of the Second World War . East Germany as Tag der Befreiung ( Day of Liberation ) , a public holiday from 1950 to 1966 and in 1985 . Between 1975 and 1990 , as Tag des Sieges ( Victory Day ( 9 May ) ) . France as Victoire 1945 . Orl\u00e9ans simultaneously celebrates both V-E Day and the anniversary of the Siege of Orl\u00e9ans being lifted by French forces led by Joan of Arc during the Hundred Years War on this date . Slovakia as De\u0148 v\u00ed\u0165azstva nad fa\u0161izmom ( Victory over Fascism Day ) Czech Republic as Den v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed ( Day of Victory ) or Den osvobozen\u00ed ( Day of Liberation ) Poland as `` Narodowy Dzie\u0144 Zwyci\u0119stwa '' -- National Victory Day . Norway as `` Frigj\u00f8ringsdagen '' ( Liberation Day ) `` offisiell flaggdag '' ( official flag day ) not `` helligdager '' ( public holiday ) Ukraine `` \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043c'\u044f\u0442\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f '' ( Memorial Day ) Ukraine ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0443 \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 '' ( Victory Day over Nazism in World War II ) -- from 2015 . Georgia ( 9 May ) `` \u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4 '' ( Victory over Fascism Day ) Belarus ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044c \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0456 '' ( Victory Day ) Bosnia and Herzegovina ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0458\u0435\u0434\u0435 '' , `` Dan pobjede '' ( Victory Day ) Russia ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044b '' ( Victory Day ) Israel ( 9 May ) Victory in Europe Day ( Israel ) Ex-Yugoslavia ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435 '' , `` Dan zmage '' ( Victory Day ) Serbia ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435 '' ( Victory Day ) Kazakhstan ( 9 May ) as `` \u0416\u0435\u04a3\u0456\u0441 \u043a\u04af\u043d\u0456 '' or `` \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044b '' ( Victory Day ) British Channel Islands Liberation Days : Jersey and Guernsey ( 9 May ) , Sark ( 10 May ) .","sentences":["Italy ( 25 April ) `` Festa della Liberazione '' ( Liberation Holiday ) .","Denmark ( 4 May ) as `` Befrielsen '' ( The Liberation ) Netherlands ( 5 May ) as `` Bevrijdingsdag '' ( Liberation Day ) United Kingdom :","In 1995 the May Day bank holiday was moved from the first Monday in May , 1 May , to Monday 8 May , for that year only , to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the ending of the Second World War .","East Germany as Tag der Befreiung ( Day of Liberation ) , a public holiday from 1950 to 1966 and in 1985 .","Between 1975 and 1990 , as Tag des Sieges ( Victory Day ( 9 May ) ) .","France as Victoire 1945 .","Orl\u00e9ans simultaneously celebrates both V-E Day and the anniversary of the Siege of Orl\u00e9ans being lifted by French forces led by Joan of Arc during the Hundred Years War on this date .","Slovakia as De\u0148 v\u00ed\u0165azstva nad fa\u0161izmom ( Victory over Fascism Day )","Czech Republic as Den v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed ( Day of Victory ) or Den osvobozen\u00ed ( Day of Liberation ) Poland as `` Narodowy Dzie\u0144 Zwyci\u0119stwa '' -- National Victory Day .","Norway as `` Frigj\u00f8ringsdagen '' ( Liberation Day ) `` offisiell flaggdag '' ( official flag day ) not `` helligdager '' ( public holiday ) Ukraine `` \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043c'\u044f\u0442\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f '' ( Memorial Day ) Ukraine ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0443 \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 '' ( Victory Day over Nazism in World War II ) -- from 2015 .","Georgia ( 9 May ) `` \u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4 '' ( Victory over Fascism Day )","Belarus ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0437\u0435\u043d\u044c \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0456 '' ( Victory Day )","Bosnia and Herzegovina ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0458\u0435\u0434\u0435 '' , `` Dan pobjede '' ( Victory Day )","Russia ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044b '' ( Victory Day )","Israel ( 9 May ) Victory in Europe Day ( Israel ) Ex-Yugoslavia ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435 '' , `` Dan zmage ''","( Victory Day )","Serbia ( 9 May ) `` \u0414\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0435 '' ( Victory Day )","Kazakhstan","( 9 May ) as `` \u0416\u0435\u04a3\u0456\u0441 \u043a\u04af\u043d\u0456 '' or `` \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044b '' ( Victory Day ) British Channel Islands Liberation Days : Jersey and Guernsey ( 9 May ) , Sark ( 10 May ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"675223171748975419","input":"what does this way to the tucker mean","passages":[{"title":"Tucker bag","text":"A tucker bag is a traditional food or dinner storage bag used in the Australian outback . Typically a tucker bag was carried by a swagman or bushman . In its basic design a tucker bag is a pouch or bag with a single entry typically closed with a hoden . Tucker bags can come in a variety of sizes and in its larger form can be used for carrying other utensils and sleeping gear other than food . In this way the tucker bag can be regarded as an early form of backpack . Common materials used to make tucker bags were leather or oilskin .","sentences":["A tucker bag is a traditional food or dinner storage bag used in the Australian outback .","Typically a tucker bag was carried by a swagman or bushman .","In its basic design a tucker bag is a pouch or bag with a single entry typically closed with a hoden .","Tucker bags can come in a variety of sizes and in its larger form can be used for carrying other utensils and sleeping gear other than food .","In this way the tucker bag can be regarded as an early form of backpack .","Common materials used to make tucker bags were leather or oilskin ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8378621166463154487","input":"what is true about the united states postal service (usps)","passages":[{"title":"United States Postal Service","text":"This section needs additional citations for verification . Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( November 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["This section needs additional citations for verification .","Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( November 2011 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4306609340234695366","input":"what is the use of print screen key in keyboard","passages":[{"title":"Print screen","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject . You may improve this article , discuss the issue on the talk page , or create a new article , as appropriate . ( January 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject .","You may improve this article , discuss the issue on the talk page , or create a new article , as appropriate .","( January 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( May 2014 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7428355382862881451","input":"what is a series of two movies called","passages":[{"title":"The Divergent Series: Insurgent","text":"The Divergent Series : Insurgent received mixed to negative reviews from critics . Some critics praised the visual style , action sequences and Woodley 's performance , but criticized the storyline and the film for being too similar to other young adult book - to - film adaptations . On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes the film holds a rating of a 28 % , based on 184 reviews , with a rating average of 5 \/ 10 . The site 's critical consensus reads , `` Shailene Woodley gives it her all , but Insurgent is still a resounding step back for a franchise struggling to distinguish itself from the dystopian YA crowd . '' At Metacritic , which assigns a weighted average score , the film has a score of 42 out of 100 , based on 40 critics , indicating `` mixed or average reviews . '' At CinemaScore , the average grade audiences gave the film was an `` A \u2212 '' on an A+ to F scale .","sentences":["The Divergent Series : Insurgent received mixed to negative reviews from critics .","Some critics praised the visual style , action sequences and Woodley 's performance , but criticized the storyline and the film for being too similar to other young adult book - to - film adaptations .","On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes the film holds a rating of a 28 % , based on 184 reviews , with a rating average of 5 \/ 10 .","The site 's critical consensus reads , `` Shailene Woodley gives it her all , but Insurgent is still a resounding step back for a franchise struggling to distinguish itself from the dystopian YA crowd . ''","At Metacritic , which assigns a weighted average score , the film has a score of 42 out of 100 , based on 40 critics , indicating `` mixed or average reviews . ''","At CinemaScore , the average grade audiences gave the film was an `` A \u2212 '' on an A+ to F scale ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7139154823199122130","input":"what is the book flowers in the attic about","passages":[{"title":"Flowers in the Attic","text":"Chris goes to Corrine 's room for money but finds that his mother and Bart have moved out . He then overhears the head butler talking about how Malcolm died seven months ago and how Olivia has been leaving doughnuts sprinkled with rat poison in the attic because it is infested with ' mice ' . Chris and Cathy give Cory 's pet mouse a doughnut to confirm the story . When the mouse dies , they finally flee the house with Carrie and catch a train to Florida . At the train station , Chris reveals to Cathy that he discovered that Corrine 's inheritance is conditional on having no children from her first marriage nor any she may have in the future . If were ever to be proven that she had descendants , she would lose everything . Cathy understands from her brother that their mother has been poisoning them for nine months to secure her inheritance . Chris and Cathy decide against contacting the police ; their main concern is to stay together and be there for Carrie . Chris assures Cathy that they can make a new life without their mother , but Cathy swears that she will get revenge one day .","sentences":["Chris goes to Corrine 's room for money but finds that his mother and Bart have moved out .","He then overhears the head butler talking about how Malcolm died seven months ago and how Olivia has been leaving doughnuts sprinkled with rat poison in the attic because it is infested with ' mice ' .","Chris and Cathy give Cory 's pet mouse a doughnut to confirm the story .","When the mouse dies , they finally flee the house with Carrie and catch a train to Florida .","At the train station , Chris reveals to Cathy that he discovered that Corrine 's inheritance is conditional on having no children from her first marriage nor any she may have in the future .","If were ever to be proven that she had descendants , she would lose everything .","Cathy understands from her brother that their mother has been poisoning them for nine months to secure her inheritance .","Chris and Cathy decide against contacting the police ; their main concern is to stay together and be there for Carrie .","Chris assures Cathy that they can make a new life without their mother , but Cathy swears that she will get revenge one day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8069743157133220726","input":"what is the purpose of writing a haiku","passages":[{"title":"Haiku","text":"Masaoka Shiki ( 1867 -- 1902 ) Kawahigashi Hekigot\u014d ( ja ) ( 1873 -- 1937 ) Takahama Kyoshi ( 1874 -- 1959 ) Samukawa Sokotsu ( 1875 -- 1954 ) Taneda Sant\u014dka ( 1882 -- 1940 ) Ozaki K\u014dy\u014d ( 1882 -- 1926 ) Ogiwara Seisensui ( 1884 -- 1976 ) Natsume S\u014dseki ( 1867 -- 1916 ) Ry\u016bnosuke Akutagawa ( 1892 -- 1927 )","sentences":["Masaoka Shiki ( 1867 -- 1902 )","Kawahigashi Hekigot\u014d ( ja ) ( 1873 -- 1937 )","Takahama Kyoshi ( 1874 -- 1959 )","Samukawa Sokotsu ( 1875 -- 1954 )","Taneda Sant\u014dka ( 1882 -- 1940 ) Ozaki K\u014dy\u014d ( 1882 -- 1926 )","Ogiwara Seisensui ( 1884 -- 1976 )","Natsume S\u014dseki ( 1867 -- 1916 ) Ry\u016bnosuke Akutagawa ( 1892 -- 1927 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1117826430805459209","input":"what was the factory act and why was it made law in 1833","passages":[{"title":"Factory Acts","text":"In the 1838 session another government factory bill was introduced by Fox Maule Under - Secretary of State for the Home Department . Children in silk mills were not to work more than ten hours a day ( but this was not backed up by any certification of age ) . Otherwise , the bill made no changes to age limits or hours of work , but repealed the education clauses of the 1833 Act , replacing them with literacy tests . After a transitional period , children who could not read the New Testament were not to be employed more than nine hours a day ; children who could not read an easy reader to be published by the Home Secretary could not be employed . His political opponents mocked the thought of Lord John Russell turning his undoubted talents to the production of a reading primer , and it was soon announced that once the Bill went into committee it would be amended to restore the 1833 education clauses . The second reading of the bill was scheduled for 22 June , but in early June Russell announced that the bill had been abandoned for the session .","sentences":["In the 1838 session another government factory bill was introduced by Fox Maule Under - Secretary of State for the Home Department .","Children in silk mills were not to work more than ten hours a day ( but this was not backed up by any certification of age ) .","Otherwise , the bill made no changes to age limits or hours of work , but repealed the education clauses of the 1833 Act , replacing them with literacy tests .","After a transitional period , children who could not read the New Testament were not to be employed more than nine hours a day ; children who could not read an easy reader to be published by the Home Secretary could not be employed .","His political opponents mocked the thought of Lord John Russell turning his undoubted talents to the production of a reading primer , and it was soon announced that once the Bill went into committee it would be amended to restore the 1833 education clauses .","The second reading of the bill was scheduled for 22 June , but in early June Russell announced that the bill had been abandoned for the session ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3091049585494041847","input":"where is new zealand located in world map","passages":[{"title":"New Zealand","text":"Sometime between 1250 and 1300 CE , Polynesians settled in the islands that later were named New Zealand and developed a distinctive M\u0101ori culture . In 1642 , Dutch explorer Abel Tasman became the first European to sight New Zealand . In 1840 , representatives of Britain and M\u0101ori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi , which declared British sovereignty over the islands . In 1841 , New Zealand became a colony within the British Empire and in 1907 it became a Dominion . Today , the majority of New Zealand 's population of 4.7 million is of European descent ; the indigenous M\u0101ori are the largest minority , followed by Asians and Pacific Islanders . Reflecting this , New Zealand 's culture is mainly derived from M\u0101ori and early British settlers , with recent broadening arising from increased immigration . The official languages are English , M\u0101ori and New Zealand Sign Language , with English predominant .","sentences":["Sometime between 1250 and 1300 CE , Polynesians settled in the islands that later were named New Zealand and developed a distinctive M\u0101ori culture .","In 1642 , Dutch explorer Abel Tasman became the first European to sight New Zealand .","In 1840 , representatives of Britain and M\u0101ori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi , which declared British sovereignty over the islands .","In 1841 , New Zealand became a colony within the British Empire and in 1907 it became a Dominion .","Today , the majority of New Zealand 's population of 4.7 million is of European descent ; the indigenous M\u0101ori are the largest minority , followed by Asians and Pacific Islanders .","Reflecting this , New Zealand 's culture is mainly derived from M\u0101ori and early British settlers , with recent broadening arising from increased immigration .","The official languages are English , M\u0101ori and New Zealand Sign Language , with English predominant ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8463236943442673669","input":"what are the three market forces in a free-enterprise economy","passages":[{"title":"Free market","text":"In a free market , individuals and firms taking part in these transactions have the liberty to enter , leave and participate in the market as they so choose . Prices and quantities are allowed to adjust according to economic conditions in order to reach equilibrium and properly allocate resources . However , in many countries around the world , governments seek to intervene in the free market in order to achieve certain social or political agendas . Governments may attempt to create social equality or equality of outcome by intervening in the market through actions such as imposing a minimum wage ( price floor ) or erecting price controls ( price ceiling ) . Other lesser - known goals are also pursued , such as in the United States , where the federal government subsidizes owners of fertile land to not grow crops in order to prevent the supply curve from further shifting to the right and decreasing the equilibrium price . This is done under the justification of maintaining farmers ' profits ; due to the relative inelasticity of demand for crops , increased supply would lower the price but not significantly increase quantity demanded , thus placing pressure on farmers to exit the market . Such interventions are often done in the name of maintaining basic assumptions of free markets , such as the idea that the costs of production must be included in the price of goods . Pollution and depletion costs are sometimes NOT included in the cost of production ( a manufacturer that withdraws water at one location then discharges it polluted downstream , avoiding the cost of treating the water ) , so governments may opt to impose regulations in an attempt to try to internalize all of the cost of production ( and ultimately include them in the price of the goods ) .","sentences":["In a free market , individuals and firms taking part in these transactions have the liberty to enter , leave and participate in the market as they so choose .","Prices and quantities are allowed to adjust according to economic conditions in order to reach equilibrium and properly allocate resources .","However , in many countries around the world , governments seek to intervene in the free market in order to achieve certain social or political agendas .","Governments may attempt to create social equality or equality of outcome by intervening in the market through actions such as imposing a minimum wage ( price floor ) or erecting price controls ( price ceiling ) .","Other lesser - known goals are also pursued , such as in the United States , where the federal government subsidizes owners of fertile land to not grow crops in order to prevent the supply curve from further shifting to the right and decreasing the equilibrium price .","This is done under the justification of maintaining farmers ' profits ; due to the relative inelasticity of demand for crops , increased supply would lower the price but not significantly increase quantity demanded , thus placing pressure on farmers to exit the market .","Such interventions are often done in the name of maintaining basic assumptions of free markets , such as the idea that the costs of production must be included in the price of goods .","Pollution and depletion costs are sometimes NOT included in the cost of production ( a manufacturer that withdraws water at one location then discharges it polluted downstream , avoiding the cost of treating the water ) , so governments may opt to impose regulations in an attempt to try to internalize all of the cost of production ( and ultimately include them in the price of the goods ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2387119976606360947","input":"where does alas poor yorick i knew him well come from","passages":[{"title":"Yorick","text":"Alas , poor Yorick ! I knew him , Horatio ; a fellow of infinite jest , of most excellent fancy ; he hath borne me on his back a thousand times ; and now , how abhorred in my imagination it is ! My gorge rises at it . Here hung those lips that I have kissed I know not how oft . Where be your gibes now ? Your gambols ? Your songs ? Your flashes of merriment , that were wont to set the table on a roar ? ( Hamlet , V.i )","sentences":["Alas , poor Yorick !","I knew him , Horatio ; a fellow of infinite jest , of most excellent fancy ; he hath borne me on his back a thousand times ; and now , how abhorred in my imagination it is !","My gorge rises at it .","Here hung those lips that I have kissed I know not how oft .","Where be your gibes now ?","Your gambols ?","Your songs ?","Your flashes of merriment , that were wont to set the table on a roar ?","( Hamlet , V.i )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2724605419612635031","input":"where is danielle spencer from what's happening now","passages":[{"title":"Danielle Spencer (American actress)","text":"Spencer revealed on September 26 , 2014 that she was diagnosed with breast cancer . Speaking out for Breast Cancer Awareness month , Spencer told BlackAmericaWeb that her diagnosis took her by surprise . `` With everything that I 've been through with the spinal cord injury , I said I know God is not going to give me another affliction , '' she said , `` so I was completely shocked when the doctors told me . '' Though the news came as a surprise , Spencer said the disease runs in her family . `` I have a lot of help and support around me , '' she said . As of the interview 's publish date in October 2014 , Spencer stated she was considering her treatment options , with surgery at the top of the list . `` I 'm trying to get as many opinions as possible but it does look like that is what I 'm going to do , '' she said . `` Hopefully after that there wo n't be any chemotherapy or radiation involved . ''","sentences":["Spencer revealed on September 26 , 2014 that she was diagnosed with breast cancer .","Speaking out for Breast Cancer Awareness month , Spencer told BlackAmericaWeb that her diagnosis took her by surprise .","`` With everything that I 've been through with the spinal cord injury , I said I know God is not going to give me another affliction , '' she said , `` so I was completely shocked when the doctors told me . ''","Though the news came as a surprise , Spencer said the disease runs in her family .","`` I have a lot of help and support around me , '' she said .","As of the interview 's publish date in October 2014 , Spencer stated she was considering her treatment options , with surgery at the top of the list .","`` I 'm trying to get as many opinions as possible but it does look like that is what I 'm going to do , '' she said .","`` Hopefully after that there wo n't be any chemotherapy or radiation involved . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7924580881706988047","input":"what is the function of the switch in the electromagnet","passages":[{"title":"Electromagnet","text":"Both iron - core and superconducting electromagnets have limits to the field they can produce . Therefore , the most powerful man - made magnetic fields have been generated by air - core nonsuperconducting electromagnets of a design invented by Francis Bitter in 1933 , called Bitter electromagnets . Instead of wire windings , a Bitter magnet consists of a solenoid made of a stack of conducting disks , arranged so that the current moves in a helical path through them , with a hole through the center where the maximum field is created . This design has the mechanical strength to withstand the extreme Lorentz forces of the field , which increase with B . The disks are pierced with holes through which cooling water passes to carry away the heat caused by the high current . The strongest continuous field achieved solely with a resistive magnet is 37.5 T as of 31 March 2014 , produced by a Bitter electromagnet at the Radboud University High Field Magnet Laboratory in Nijmegen , Holland . The previous record was 35 T . The strongest continuous magnetic field overall , 45 T , was achieved in June 2000 with a hybrid device consisting of a Bitter magnet inside a superconducting magnet .","sentences":["Both iron - core and superconducting electromagnets have limits to the field they can produce .","Therefore , the most powerful man - made magnetic fields have been generated by air - core nonsuperconducting electromagnets of a design invented by Francis Bitter in 1933 , called Bitter electromagnets .","Instead of wire windings , a Bitter magnet consists of a solenoid made of a stack of conducting disks , arranged so that the current moves in a helical path through them , with a hole through the center where the maximum field is created .","This design has the mechanical strength to withstand the extreme Lorentz forces of the field , which increase with B .","The disks are pierced with holes through which cooling water passes to carry away the heat caused by the high current .","The strongest continuous field achieved solely with a resistive magnet is 37.5 T as of 31 March 2014 , produced by a Bitter electromagnet at the Radboud University High Field Magnet Laboratory in Nijmegen , Holland .","The previous record was 35 T .","The strongest continuous magnetic field overall , 45 T , was achieved in June 2000 with a hybrid device consisting of a Bitter magnet inside a superconducting magnet ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7692040330019891953","input":"where was the scene when dobby died filmed","passages":[{"title":"Freshwater West","text":"The rocky outcrop at the southern part of the bay near the car park is known as Little Furznip , which contains a seaweed - drying hut on the clifftop . Little Furznip divides Freshwater from Frainslake Bay to the south , and beyond that , Linney Head . During historical times the beach was used by smugglers . To the northwest along the coast is Gravel Bay , Black Cave , East Pickard Bay , West Pickard Bay , Guttle Hole , Parsonsquarry Bay and Sheep Island . The headland between Sheep Island in the northwest and Linney Head in the southeast consists primarily of red sandstones , which `` form irregular , steep cliffs with fallen rocks at the back of beaches '' . Older Lower Palaeozoic mudstones and siltstones are situated towards the centre , and to both the north and the south are old red sandstones . Behind the bays are extensive dune fields such as Broomhill Burrows and Gupton Burrows and a river valley . The low cliffs on the south facing coast reach an elevation of 55 metres ( 180 ft ) , rising gently behind to 63 metres ( 207 ft ) .","sentences":["The rocky outcrop at the southern part of the bay near the car park is known as Little Furznip , which contains a seaweed - drying hut on the clifftop .","Little Furznip divides Freshwater from Frainslake Bay to the south , and beyond that , Linney Head .","During historical times the beach was used by smugglers .","To the northwest along the coast is Gravel Bay , Black Cave , East Pickard Bay , West Pickard Bay , Guttle Hole , Parsonsquarry Bay and Sheep Island .","The headland between Sheep Island in the northwest and Linney Head in the southeast consists primarily of red sandstones , which `` form irregular , steep cliffs with fallen rocks at the back of beaches '' .","Older Lower Palaeozoic mudstones and siltstones are situated towards the centre , and to both the north and the south are old red sandstones .","Behind the bays are extensive dune fields such as Broomhill Burrows and Gupton Burrows and a river valley .","The low cliffs on the south facing coast reach an elevation of 55 metres ( 180 ft ) , rising gently behind to 63 metres ( 207 ft ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3210269803361328892","input":"how much was nike stock when it went public","passages":[{"title":"Nike, Inc.","text":"Nike , Inc . Nike Swoosh logo Nike World Headquarters in Beaverton Formerly called Blue Ribbon Sports ( 1964 -- 1971 ) Type Public Traded as NYSE : NKE ( Class B) DJIA Component S&P 100 Component S&P 500 Component Industry Apparel Accessories Sports equipment Founded January 25 , 1964 ; 54 years ago ( 1964 - 01 - 25 ) Founder Bill Bowerman Phil Knight Headquarters Washington County , Oregon , U.S. ( Near Beaverton , Oregon ) Area served Worldwide Key people Phil Knight ( Chairman Emeritus ) Mark Parker ( Chairman , President , & CEO ) Andrew Campion ( CFO ) Products Athletic footwear & apparel Athletic & recreational products Sports equipment Revenue US $ 34.35 billion ( 2017 ) Operating income US $ 4.95 billion ( 2017 ) Net income US $ 4.24 billion ( 2017 ) Total assets US $ 23.26 billion ( 2017 ) Total equity US $ 12.41 billion ( 2017 ) Number of employees 74,400 ( 2017 ) Website Nike.com Footnotes \/ references Nike","sentences":["Nike , Inc .","Nike Swoosh logo Nike World Headquarters in Beaverton Formerly called Blue Ribbon Sports ( 1964 -- 1971 )","Type Public Traded as NYSE : NKE ( Class B) DJIA Component S&P 100 Component S&P 500 Component Industry Apparel Accessories Sports equipment Founded January 25 , 1964 ; 54 years ago ( 1964 - 01 - 25 ) Founder Bill Bowerman Phil Knight Headquarters Washington County , Oregon , U.S. ( Near Beaverton , Oregon )","Area served Worldwide Key people Phil Knight ( Chairman Emeritus )","Mark Parker ( Chairman , President , & CEO )","Andrew Campion ( CFO ) Products Athletic footwear & apparel Athletic & recreational products Sports equipment Revenue US $ 34.35 billion ( 2017 )","Operating income US $ 4.95 billion ( 2017 )","Net income US $ 4.24 billion ( 2017 )","Total assets US $ 23.26 billion ( 2017 )","Total equity US $ 12.41 billion ( 2017 ) Number of employees 74,400 ( 2017 )","Website Nike.com Footnotes \/ references Nike"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7757131892247188015","input":"what is a quartz crystal in a watch","passages":[{"title":"Quartz clock","text":"Many inexpensive quartz clocks and watches use a technique known as inhibition compensation . The crystal is deliberately made to run somewhat faster . After manufacturing , each module is calibrated against a precision clock at the factory and adjusted to keep accurate time by programming the digital logic to skip a small number of crystal cycles at regular intervals , such as 10 seconds or 1 minute . For a typical quartz movement this allows programmed adjustments in 7.91 seconds per 30 days increments for 10 - second intervals ( on a 10 - second measurement gate ) or programmed adjustments in 1.32 seconds per 30 days increments for 60 - seconds intervals ( on a 60 - second measurement gate ) . The advantage of this method is that using digital programming to store the number of pulses to suppress in a non-volatile memory register on the chip is less expensive than the older technique of trimming the quartz tuning - fork frequency . The inhibition - compensation logic of some quartz movements can be regulated by service centers with the help of a precision timer and adjustment terminal after leaving the factory , though many inexpensive quartz watch movements do not offer this functionality .","sentences":["Many inexpensive quartz clocks and watches use a technique known as inhibition compensation .","The crystal is deliberately made to run somewhat faster .","After manufacturing , each module is calibrated against a precision clock at the factory and adjusted to keep accurate time by programming the digital logic to skip a small number of crystal cycles at regular intervals , such as 10 seconds or 1 minute .","For a typical quartz movement this allows programmed adjustments in 7.91 seconds per 30 days increments for 10 - second intervals ( on a 10 - second measurement gate ) or programmed adjustments in 1.32 seconds per 30 days increments for 60 - seconds intervals ( on a 60 - second measurement gate ) .","The advantage of this method is that using digital programming to store the number of pulses to suppress in a non-volatile memory register on the chip is less expensive than the older technique of trimming the quartz tuning - fork frequency .","The inhibition - compensation logic of some quartz movements can be regulated by service centers with the help of a precision timer and adjustment terminal after leaving the factory , though many inexpensive quartz watch movements do not offer this functionality ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1699621028093997791","input":"how much can the strongest man bench press","passages":[{"title":"Progression of the bench press world record","text":"Weight Year Record Gear 263 kg ( 580 lb ) 1973 Don Reinhoudt presses 580.04 lb ( 263 kg ) Raw at the inaugural IPF World Powerlifting Championships in Harrisburg , Pennsylvania on November 10 , 1973 . raw 267.6 kg ( 590 lb ) Don Reinhoudt presses 590 lb ( 267.6 kg ) raw at the AAU Senior National Championships in Fort Worth , Texas on September 1 , 1974 . raw 275.5 kg ( 607 lb ) Don Reinhoudt presses 607.37 lb ( 275.5 kg ) Raw on May 3 , 1975 in Chattanooga . raw 276.69 kg ( 610.0 lb ) 1977 Wayne Bouvier presses 610 lb ( 276.69 kg ) in August , 1977 . raw 277.5 kg ( 612 lb ) 1978 Doug Young presses 611.8 lb ( 277.5 kg ) on April 3 , 1978 in El Dorado , Arkansas . raw 278 kg ( 613 lb ) 1979 Lars Hedlund presses 612.9 lb ( 278 kg ) on June 21 , 1979 in Stockholm . raw 282.5 kg ( 623 lb ) 1979 Bill Kazmaier presses 617.3 lb ( 280.0 kg ) on July 8 at the USPF Nationals in Bay St. Louis , Mississippi and then breaks his own record with 622.8 lb ( 282.5 kg ) on November 4 , 1979 in Dayton , Ohio at the IPF Men 's World Powerlifting Championships . raw 285 kg ( 628 lb ) 1980 Lars Hedlund presses 628.3 lb ( 285.0 kg ) on March 4 , 1980 Copenhagen . raw 287.5 kg ( 634 lb ) 1980 Bill Kazmaier presses 633.83 lb ( 287.5 kg ) despite quadriceps injury at the 1980 World Series of Powerlifting in May 1980 in Auburn , Alabama . raw 300 kg ( 660 lb ) 1981 Bill Kazmaier first presses 639.3 lb ( 290.0 kg ) and then 661.4 lb ( 300.0 kg ) at the USPF West Georgia Open Powerlifting Championships , held in Columbus , Georgia on January 31 , 1981 to become the first human to officially bench press 300 kg ( 661.4 lb ) ( raw ) in an IPF - sanctioned meet ( and without elbow wraps ) . raw 302.5 kg ( 667 lb ) 1984 Ted Arcidi presses 666.9 lb ( 302.50 kg ) without wrist wraps on April 1 , 1984 in Honolulu , Hawaii at the Hawaiian Internationals at only 286 lb bodyweight . raw","sentences":["Weight Year Record Gear 263 kg ( 580 lb ) 1973","Don Reinhoudt presses 580.04 lb ( 263 kg )","Raw at the inaugural IPF World Powerlifting Championships in Harrisburg , Pennsylvania on November 10 , 1973 .","raw 267.6 kg ( 590 lb )","Don Reinhoudt presses 590 lb ( 267.6 kg ) raw at the AAU Senior National Championships in Fort Worth , Texas on September 1 , 1974 .","raw 275.5 kg ( 607 lb )","Don Reinhoudt presses 607.37 lb ( 275.5 kg )","Raw on May 3 , 1975 in Chattanooga .","raw 276.69 kg ( 610.0 lb ) 1977","Wayne Bouvier presses 610 lb ( 276.69 kg ) in August , 1977 .","raw 277.5 kg ( 612 lb ) 1978","Doug Young presses 611.8 lb ( 277.5 kg ) on April 3 , 1978 in El Dorado , Arkansas .","raw 278 kg ( 613 lb ) 1979 Lars Hedlund presses 612.9 lb ( 278 kg ) on June 21 , 1979 in Stockholm .","raw 282.5 kg ( 623 lb ) 1979","Bill Kazmaier presses 617.3 lb ( 280.0 kg ) on July 8 at the USPF Nationals in Bay St. Louis , Mississippi and then breaks his own record with 622.8 lb ( 282.5 kg ) on November 4 , 1979 in Dayton , Ohio at the IPF Men 's World Powerlifting Championships .","raw 285 kg ( 628 lb ) 1980 Lars Hedlund presses 628.3 lb ( 285.0 kg ) on March 4 , 1980 Copenhagen .","raw 287.5 kg ( 634 lb )","1980 Bill Kazmaier presses 633.83 lb ( 287.5 kg ) despite quadriceps injury at the 1980 World Series of Powerlifting in May 1980 in Auburn , Alabama .","raw 300 kg ( 660 lb ) 1981","Bill Kazmaier first presses 639.3 lb ( 290.0 kg ) and then 661.4 lb ( 300.0 kg ) at the USPF West Georgia Open Powerlifting Championships , held in Columbus , Georgia on January 31 , 1981 to become the first human to officially bench press 300 kg ( 661.4 lb ) ( raw ) in an IPF - sanctioned meet ( and without elbow wraps ) .","raw 302.5 kg ( 667 lb ) 1984","Ted Arcidi presses 666.9 lb ( 302.50 kg ) without wrist wraps on April 1 , 1984 in Honolulu , Hawaii at the Hawaiian Internationals at only 286 lb bodyweight .","raw"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3097838320569139339","input":"how many scenes are in act 3 of hamlet","passages":[{"title":"Hamlet","text":"Gertrude summons Hamlet to her room to demand an explanation . Meanwhile , Claudius talks to himself about the impossibility of repenting , since he still has possession of his ill - gotten goods : his brother 's crown and wife . He sinks to his knees . Hamlet , on his way to visit his mother , sneaks up behind him , but does not kill him , reasoning that killing Claudius while he is praying will send him straight to heaven while his father 's ghost is stuck in purgatory . In the queen 's bedchamber , Hamlet and Gertrude fight bitterly . Polonius , spying on the conversation from behind a tapestry , makes a noise .","sentences":["Gertrude summons Hamlet to her room to demand an explanation .","Meanwhile , Claudius talks to himself about the impossibility of repenting , since he still has possession of his ill - gotten goods : his brother 's crown and wife .","He sinks to his knees .","Hamlet , on his way to visit his mother , sneaks up behind him , but does not kill him , reasoning that killing Claudius while he is praying will send him straight to heaven while his father 's ghost is stuck in purgatory .","In the queen 's bedchamber , Hamlet and Gertrude fight bitterly .","Polonius , spying on the conversation from behind a tapestry , makes a noise ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1196307871591266505","input":"when did sword art online memory defrag come out","passages":[{"title":"Sword Art Online","text":"Reki Kawahara wrote the first volume in 2002 as a competition entry for ASCII Media Works ' Dengeki Game Novel Prize ( \u96fb\u6483 \u30b2\u30fc\u30e0 \u5c0f\u8aac \u5927\u8cde , Dengeki Game Sh\u014dsetsu Taish\u014d , now Dengeki Novel Prize ) , but refrained from submitting it as he had exceeded the page limit . He instead published it as a web novel under the pseudonym Fumio Kunori . Over time , he added three further episodes and several short stories . In 2008 , he participated in the competition again by writing Accel World , this time winning the Grand Prize . Aside from Accel World , he was requested to get his earlier work , Sword Art Online , published by ASCII Media Works . Kawahara agreed and withdrew his web novel versions . Working with illustrator abec , the first volume was published in print on April 10 , 2009 , and 19 volumes have been published as of February 10 , 2017 .","sentences":["Reki Kawahara wrote the first volume in 2002 as a competition entry for ASCII Media Works ' Dengeki Game Novel Prize ( \u96fb\u6483 \u30b2\u30fc\u30e0 \u5c0f\u8aac \u5927\u8cde , Dengeki Game Sh\u014dsetsu Taish\u014d , now Dengeki Novel Prize ) , but refrained from submitting it as he had exceeded the page limit .","He instead published it as a web novel under the pseudonym Fumio Kunori .","Over time , he added three further episodes and several short stories .","In 2008 , he participated in the competition again by writing Accel World , this time winning the Grand Prize .","Aside from Accel World , he was requested to get his earlier work , Sword Art Online , published by ASCII Media Works .","Kawahara agreed and withdrew his web novel versions .","Working with illustrator abec , the first volume was published in print on April 10 , 2009 , and 19 volumes have been published as of February 10 , 2017 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1056843873495912024","input":"how and for what reasons did united states foreign policy","passages":[{"title":"Foreign policy of the United States","text":"After it captured the islands from Japan during World War II , the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from 1947 to 1986 ( 1994 for Palau ) . The Northern Mariana Islands became a U.S. territory ( part of the United States ) , while Federated States of Micronesia , the Marshall Islands , and Palau became independent countries . Each has signed a Compact of Free Association that gives the United States exclusive military access in return for U.S. defense protection and conduct of military foreign affairs ( except the declaration of war ) and a few billion dollars of aid . These agreements also generally allow citizens of these countries to live and work in the United States with their spouses ( and vice versa ) , and provide for largely free trade . The federal government also grants access to services from domestic agencies , including the Federal Emergency Management Agency , National Weather Service , the United States Postal Service , the Federal Aviation Administration , the Federal Communications Commission , and U.S. representation to the International Frequency Registration Board of the International Telecommunication Union . Further","sentences":["After it captured the islands from Japan during World War II , the United States administered the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands from 1947 to 1986 ( 1994 for Palau ) .","The Northern Mariana Islands became a U.S. territory ( part of the United States ) , while Federated States of Micronesia , the Marshall Islands , and Palau became independent countries .","Each has signed a Compact of Free Association that gives the United States exclusive military access in return for U.S. defense protection and conduct of military foreign affairs ( except the declaration of war ) and a few billion dollars of aid .","These agreements also generally allow citizens of these countries to live and work in the United States with their spouses ( and vice versa ) , and provide for largely free trade .","The federal government also grants access to services from domestic agencies , including the Federal Emergency Management Agency , National Weather Service , the United States Postal Service , the Federal Aviation Administration , the Federal Communications Commission , and U.S. representation to the International Frequency Registration Board of the International Telecommunication Union .","Further"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2937300937019489131","input":"can you get maple syrup from a japanese maple","passages":[{"title":"Maple syrup","text":"One author described maple syrup as `` a unique ingredient , smooth - and silky - textured , with a sweet , distinctive flavour -- hints of caramel with overtones of toffee will not do -- and a rare colour , amber set alight . Maple flavour is , well , maple flavour , uniquely different from any other . '' Agriculture Canada has developed a `` flavour wheel '' that details 91 unique flavours that can be present in maple syrup . These flavours are divided into 13 families : vanilla , empyreumatic ( burnt ) , milky , fruity , floral , spicy , foreign ( deterioration or fermentation ) , foreign ( environment ) , maple , confectionery , plant ( herbaceous ) , plant ( forest , humus or cereals ) , and plant ( ligneous ) . These flavours are evaluated using a procedure similar to wine tasting . Other culinary experts praise its unique flavour .","sentences":["One author described maple syrup as `` a unique ingredient , smooth - and silky - textured , with a sweet , distinctive flavour -- hints of caramel with overtones of toffee will not do -- and a rare colour , amber set alight .","Maple flavour is , well , maple flavour , uniquely different from any other . ''","Agriculture Canada has developed a `` flavour wheel '' that details 91 unique flavours that can be present in maple syrup .","These flavours are divided into 13 families : vanilla , empyreumatic ( burnt ) , milky , fruity , floral , spicy , foreign ( deterioration or fermentation ) , foreign ( environment ) , maple , confectionery , plant ( herbaceous ) , plant ( forest , humus or cereals ) , and plant ( ligneous ) .","These flavours are evaluated using a procedure similar to wine tasting .","Other culinary experts praise its unique flavour ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6764978198794408344","input":"where has irrigation been used by humans to alter biomes","passages":[{"title":"Environmental impact of irrigation","text":"rising water tables increased storage of groundwater that may be used for irrigation , municipal , household and drinking water by pumping from wells waterlogging and drainage problems in villages , agricultural lands , and along roads - with mostly negative consequences . The increased level of the water table can lead to reduced agricultural production . shallow water tables - a sign that the aquifer is unable to cope with the groundwater recharge stemming from the deep percolation losses where water tables are shallow , the irrigation applications are reduced . As a result , the soil is no longer leached and soil salinity problems develop stagnant water tables at the soil surface are known to increase the incidence of water - borne diseases like malaria , filariasis , yellow fever , dengue , and schistosomiasis ( Bilharzia ) in many areas . Health costs , appraisals of health impacts and mitigation measures are rarely part of irrigation projects , if at all . to mitigate the adverse effects of shallow water tables and soil salinization , some form of watertable control , soil salinity control , drainage and drainage system is needed as drainage water moves through the soil profile it may dissolve nutrients ( either fertilizer - based or naturally occurring ) such as nitrates , leading to a buildup of those nutrients in the ground - water aquifer . High nitrate levels in drinking water can be harmful to humans , particularly infants under 6 months , where it is linked to `` blue - baby syndrome '' ( see Methemoglobinemia ) .","sentences":["rising water tables increased storage of groundwater that may be used for irrigation , municipal , household and drinking water by pumping from wells waterlogging and drainage problems in villages , agricultural lands , and along roads - with mostly negative consequences .","The increased level of the water table can lead to reduced agricultural production .","shallow water tables - a sign that the aquifer is unable to cope with the groundwater recharge stemming from the deep percolation losses where water tables are shallow , the irrigation applications are reduced .","As a result , the soil is no longer leached and soil salinity problems develop stagnant water tables at the soil surface are known to increase the incidence of water - borne diseases like malaria , filariasis , yellow fever , dengue , and schistosomiasis ( Bilharzia ) in many areas .","Health costs , appraisals of health impacts and mitigation measures are rarely part of irrigation projects , if at all .","to mitigate the adverse effects of shallow water tables and soil salinization , some form of watertable control , soil salinity control , drainage and drainage system is needed as drainage water moves through the soil profile it may dissolve nutrients ( either fertilizer - based or naturally occurring ) such as nitrates , leading to a buildup of those nutrients in the ground - water aquifer .","High nitrate levels in drinking water can be harmful to humans , particularly infants under 6 months , where it is linked to `` blue - baby syndrome '' ( see Methemoglobinemia ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9050653304277243045","input":"where is the heart of the ocean located","passages":[{"title":"Heart of the Ocean","text":"Later on an elderly woman ( Gloria Stuart ) watches Lovett 's discovery on the news and immediately contacts the salvage team . Claiming to be both the woman in the picture and Rose Dewitt Bukater she is immediately flown out to Lovett 's salvage ship . Rose requests to view the recovered drawing and Lovett shows her some artifacts salvaged from the wreck , specifically those recovered from her stateroom on Titanic . During this scene Lovett reveals the origins of the diamond and that if it is recovered the Heart of the Ocean would be worth more than the Hope Diamond . While examining an ornate butterfly comb , Rose becomes emotional and begins detailing her time aboard the Titanic . During the film the audience 's perspective alternates between the past and present as Rose shares her memories . Rose divulges the intimate details of her relationship with the artist of the drawing , Jack Dawson ( Leonardo DiCaprio ) , which leads up to the night of the sinking .","sentences":["Later on an elderly woman ( Gloria Stuart ) watches Lovett 's discovery on the news and immediately contacts the salvage team .","Claiming to be both the woman in the picture and","Rose Dewitt Bukater she is immediately flown out to Lovett 's salvage ship .","Rose requests to view the recovered drawing and Lovett shows her some artifacts salvaged from the wreck , specifically those recovered from her stateroom on Titanic .","During this scene Lovett reveals the origins of the diamond and that if it is recovered the Heart of the Ocean would be worth more than the Hope Diamond .","While examining an ornate butterfly comb , Rose becomes emotional and begins detailing her time aboard the Titanic .","During the film the audience 's perspective alternates between the past and present as Rose shares her memories .","Rose divulges the intimate details of her relationship with the artist of the drawing , Jack Dawson ( Leonardo DiCaprio ) , which leads up to the night of the sinking ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8106446892333597270","input":"what two reasons were given for supposed british support of the confederacy during the civil war","passages":[{"title":"United Kingdom and the American Civil War","text":"The possibility of recognizing the Confederacy came to the fore late in the summer of 1862 . At that time , as far as any European could see , the war seemed to be a stalemate . The US attempt to capture the Confederate capital had failed , and in the east and west alike , the Confederates were on the offensive . Charles Francis Adams , Sr. , warned Washington that the British government might very soon offer to mediate the difficulty between North and South , which would be a polite but effective way of intimating that in the opinion of Britain , the fight had gone on long enough and should be ended by giving the South what it wanted . Recognition , as Adams warned , risked all - out war with the United States . War would involve an invasion of Canada , a full - scale American attack on British shipping interests worldwide , an end to American grain shipments that were providing a large part of the British food supply , and an end to British sales of machinery and supplies to the US . The British leadership , however , thought that if the Union armies were decisively defeated , the US might soften its position and accept mediation .","sentences":["The possibility of recognizing the Confederacy came to the fore late in the summer of 1862 .","At that time , as far as any European could see , the war seemed to be a stalemate .","The US attempt to capture the Confederate capital had failed , and in the east and west alike , the Confederates were on the offensive .","Charles Francis Adams , Sr. , warned Washington that the British government might very soon offer to mediate the difficulty between North and South , which would be a polite but effective way of intimating that in the opinion of Britain , the fight had gone on long enough and should be ended by giving the South what it wanted .","Recognition , as Adams warned , risked all - out war with the United States .","War would involve an invasion of Canada , a full - scale American attack on British shipping interests worldwide , an end to American grain shipments that were providing a large part of the British food supply , and an end to British sales of machinery and supplies to the US .","The British leadership , however , thought that if the Union armies were decisively defeated , the US might soften its position and accept mediation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8185557981620177552","input":"what is golden key honor society worth it","passages":[{"title":"Golden Key International Honour Society","text":"The business practices of Golden Key also attracted the Chronicle 's notice , as well as that of the Washington Post . Sponsoring corporations , who paid a minimum of $55,000 a year ( 2002 ) to access Golden Key 's membership lists , sent students `` mass mailings for such products as credit cards and auto insurance . '' Golden Key responded to these criticisms by stating that it was standard practice among alumni groups and honor societies . The Chronicle quoted former employees who thought the institution 's expenditures on parties and upper executive salaries , as well as its maintenance of the Druid Hills headquarters , were lavish and inconsistent with the former ideal of `` a student - centered , nonprofit organization . '' The Atlanta Journal - Constitution reported poor accounting practices under Lewis 's tenure in the late 1990s , and investigators were unable to determine exactly how much he was paid due to bookkeeping discrepancies . A 2016 investigation by Australian student newspaper Honi Soit found that Golden Key continued to release data about students , without their consent , to corporate sponsors .","sentences":["The business practices of Golden Key also attracted the Chronicle 's notice , as well as that of the Washington Post .","Sponsoring corporations , who paid a minimum of $55,000 a year ( 2002 ) to access Golden Key 's membership lists , sent students `` mass mailings for such products as credit cards and auto insurance . ''","Golden Key responded to these criticisms by stating that it was standard practice among alumni groups and honor societies .","The Chronicle quoted former employees who thought the institution 's expenditures on parties and upper executive salaries , as well as its maintenance of the Druid Hills headquarters , were lavish and inconsistent with the former ideal of `` a student - centered , nonprofit organization . ''","The Atlanta Journal - Constitution reported poor accounting practices under Lewis 's tenure in the late 1990s , and investigators were unable to determine exactly how much he was paid due to bookkeeping discrepancies .","A 2016 investigation by Australian student newspaper Honi Soit found that Golden Key continued to release data about students , without their consent , to corporate sponsors ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2798238102444317668","input":"where does the energy of a tropical cyclone compared to in the article","passages":[{"title":"Tropical cyclone","text":"A tropical storm is an organized system of strong thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds between 34 knots ( 63 km \/ h ) and 64 knots ( 119 km \/ h ) . At this point , the distinctive cyclonic shape starts to develop , although an eye is not usually present . Government weather services first assign names to systems that reach this intensity ( thus the term named storm ) . Although tropical storms are less intense than a hurricane they can produce significant damage . The shear force of winds can blow off shingles , and air borne objects can cause damage to power lines , roofing and siding . More dangerous is the heavy rainfall causing inland flooding . Hurricane","sentences":["A tropical storm is an organized system of strong thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds between 34 knots ( 63 km \/ h ) and 64 knots ( 119 km \/ h ) .","At this point , the distinctive cyclonic shape starts to develop , although an eye is not usually present .","Government weather services first assign names to systems that reach this intensity ( thus the term named storm ) .","Although tropical storms are less intense than a hurricane they can produce significant damage .","The shear force of winds can blow off shingles , and air borne objects can cause damage to power lines , roofing and siding .","More dangerous is the heavy rainfall causing inland flooding .","Hurricane"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7728699056107942295","input":"why do i have white patches of skin","passages":[{"title":"Vitiligo","text":"Pop music singer Michael Jackson revealed in an interview with Oprah Winfrey in February 1993 that he had vitiligo . Following his death in 2009 , Jackson 's autopsy confirmed his claim , and clarified that he specifically had vitiligo universalis . Canadian model Chantelle Brown - Young ( known by her stage name Winnie Harlow ) has a prominent form of vitiligo . Her participation in the America 's Next Top Model contest led to her being called a `` vitiligo spokesmodel '' . P. Sathasivam , who is the current Governor of Kerala , in office since 2014 , has vitiligo . He previously served as the 40th Chief Justice of India from 2013 to 2014 . Former WBC Interim Middleweight Boxing Champion Marco Antonio Rubio has vitiligo . NFL assistant coach Karl Dunbar was diagnosed with the condition in the 7th grade . Michaela DePrince , a Sierra Leonean American ballet dancer , is the only dancer of African origin in the Dutch National Ballet , lived in a refugee camp as a child and was called `` devil 's child '' because of vitiligo . Bryan Lloyd Danielson , an American retired professional wrestler best known for his tenure in WWE under the name Daniel Bryan , stated on Twitter that he has vitiligo . Scott Jorgensen , an American mixed martial arts fighter , has publicly demonstrated all the stages of vitiligo from beginning to end .","sentences":["Pop music singer Michael Jackson revealed in an interview with Oprah Winfrey in February 1993 that he had vitiligo .","Following his death in 2009 , Jackson 's autopsy confirmed his claim , and clarified that he specifically had vitiligo universalis .","Canadian model Chantelle Brown - Young ( known by her stage name Winnie Harlow ) has a prominent form of vitiligo .","Her participation in the America 's Next Top Model contest led to her being called a `` vitiligo spokesmodel '' .","P. Sathasivam , who is the current Governor of Kerala , in office since 2014 , has vitiligo .","He previously served as the 40th Chief Justice of India from 2013 to 2014 .","Former WBC Interim Middleweight Boxing Champion Marco Antonio Rubio has vitiligo .","NFL assistant coach Karl Dunbar was diagnosed with the condition in the 7th grade .","Michaela DePrince , a Sierra Leonean American ballet dancer , is the only dancer of African origin in the Dutch National Ballet , lived in a refugee camp as a child and was called `` devil 's child '' because of vitiligo .","Bryan Lloyd Danielson , an American retired professional wrestler best known for his tenure in WWE under the name Daniel Bryan , stated on Twitter that he has vitiligo .","Scott Jorgensen , an American mixed martial arts fighter , has publicly demonstrated all the stages of vitiligo from beginning to end ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5099545450316868851","input":"what is the name of the largest christian church in the world","passages":[{"title":"Yoido Full Gospel Church","text":"Beginning in the 1980s , Full Gospel Central Church decided to establish satellite churches throughout the city of Seoul and further afield , as it would not be able to keep on expanding indefinitely . Despite the expansion of the auditorium to seat 12,000 in 1983 , seven Sunday services were insufficient to accommodate the entire membership . As exponential growth continued , reaching 700,000 by 1992 , the need for satellite churches became more pressing . Despite the drain of members to the satellite churches , however , new recruits by the mother church -- brought in through the vast cell network -- have made up for the losses , and membership stood at 780,000 in 2003 . The church was renamed Yoido Full Gospel Church in the 1990s . Its founder , Mr David Yonggi Cho , retired as head pastor several times , but the church ran into immediate infighting among the remaining ministers , causing him to come out of retirement , most recently late in 2006 . As of 2007 , membership stands at 830,000 , with seven Sunday services translated into 16 languages .","sentences":["Beginning in the 1980s , Full Gospel Central Church decided to establish satellite churches throughout the city of Seoul and further afield , as it would not be able to keep on expanding indefinitely .","Despite the expansion of the auditorium to seat 12,000 in 1983 , seven Sunday services were insufficient to accommodate the entire membership .","As exponential growth continued , reaching 700,000 by 1992 , the need for satellite churches became more pressing .","Despite the drain of members to the satellite churches , however , new recruits by the mother church -- brought in through the vast cell network -- have made up for the losses , and membership stood at 780,000 in 2003 .","The church was renamed Yoido Full Gospel Church in the 1990s .","Its founder , Mr David Yonggi Cho , retired as head pastor several times , but the church ran into immediate infighting among the remaining ministers , causing him to come out of retirement , most recently late in 2006 .","As of 2007 , membership stands at 830,000 , with seven Sunday services translated into 16 languages ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6810655645957436988","input":"who has the lowest career batting average in the hall of fame","passages":[{"title":"Joe Sewell","text":"Sewell struck out 114 times in 7,132 career at - bats for an average of one strikeout every 62.5 at - bats , second only to Willie Keeler ( 63.1 ) . He also holds the single - season record for fewest strikeouts over a full season , with 3 , set in 1932 . Sewell also had 3 strikeouts in 1930 , albeit in just 353 at - bats ( as opposed to 503 in his record - setting year ) , as well as three other full seasons ( 1925 , 1929 , 1933 ) with 4 strikeouts . He struck out ten or more times in only four seasons , and his highest strikeout total was twenty , during the 1922 season . For his 1925 -- 1933 seasons , Sewell struck out 4 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 4 , 3 , 8 , 3 , and 4 times . He also holds the record for consecutive games without recording a strikeout , at 115 .","sentences":["Sewell struck out 114 times in 7,132 career at - bats for an average of one strikeout every 62.5 at - bats , second only to Willie Keeler ( 63.1 ) .","He also holds the single - season record for fewest strikeouts over a full season , with 3 , set in 1932 .","Sewell also had 3 strikeouts in 1930 , albeit in just 353 at - bats ( as opposed to 503 in his record - setting year ) , as well as three other full seasons ( 1925 , 1929 , 1933 ) with 4 strikeouts .","He struck out ten or more times in only four seasons , and his highest strikeout total was twenty , during the 1922 season .","For his 1925 -- 1933 seasons , Sewell struck out 4 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 4 , 3 , 8 , 3 , and 4 times .","He also holds the record for consecutive games without recording a strikeout , at 115 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2293879307362582742","input":"why are metals described as having a sea of electrons","passages":[{"title":"Delocalized electron","text":"In diamond all four outer electrons of each carbon atom are ' localized ' between the atoms in covalent bonding . The movement of electrons is restricted and diamond does not conduct an electric current . In graphite , each carbon atom uses only 3 of its 4 outer energy level electrons in covalently bonding to three other carbon atoms in a plane . Each carbon atom contributes one electron to a delocalized system of electrons that is also a part of the chemical bonding . The delocalized electrons are free to move throughout the plane . For this reason , graphite conducts electricity along the planes of carbon atoms , but does not conduct in a direction at right angles to the plane .","sentences":["In diamond all four outer electrons of each carbon atom are ' localized ' between the atoms in covalent bonding .","The movement of electrons is restricted and diamond does not conduct an electric current .","In graphite , each carbon atom uses only 3 of its 4 outer energy level electrons in covalently bonding to three other carbon atoms in a plane .","Each carbon atom contributes one electron to a delocalized system of electrons that is also a part of the chemical bonding .","The delocalized electrons are free to move throughout the plane .","For this reason , graphite conducts electricity along the planes of carbon atoms , but does not conduct in a direction at right angles to the plane ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2496423790609631932","input":"where did the expression wooden nickel come from","passages":[{"title":"Wooden nickel","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Office","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( May 2015 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Office"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1566299948338411564","input":"who plays the bear in the jungle book","passages":[{"title":"The Jungle Book (2016 film)","text":"On July 9 , 2013 , Walt Disney Pictures announced that a live - action adaptation of Rudyard Kipling 's short story collection The Jungle Book was in development , with Justin Marks set to write the script . The film would be Disney 's second live - action adaptation of Kipling 's works , following the 1994 film and the 1998 direct - to - video film Mowgli 's Story ; and the studio 's fourth overall after the 1967 animated film . Jon Favreau was confirmed as director on November 5 , 2013 . Favreau as a child used to watch Disney 's 1967 animated film . He felt the need to strike a balance between the two films by retaining the buoyant spirit of the 1967 film , including some of its memorable songs , while crafting a film with more realism and peril . He also stressed the importance of nature and realized how things have shifted during Kipling 's time and now , `` In Kipling 's time , nature was something to be overcome . Now nature is something to be protected . '' He was encouraged by Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn to take advantage of the film 's setting and story as an opportunity to use the latest advancements in photorealistic rendering , computer - generated imagery , and motion capture technologies . The story of the film is not independently taken from Kipling 's works , but also borrows cinematic inspirations from other films , including the child - mentor relationship in Shane ( 1953 ) , the establishment of rules in a dangerous world from Goodfellas ( 1990 ) and the use of a shadowy jungle figure in Apocalypse Now ( 1979 ) .","sentences":["On July 9 , 2013 , Walt Disney Pictures announced that a live - action adaptation of Rudyard Kipling 's short story collection The Jungle Book was in development , with Justin Marks set to write the script .","The film would be Disney 's second live - action adaptation of Kipling 's works , following the 1994 film and the 1998 direct - to - video film Mowgli 's Story ; and the studio 's fourth overall after the 1967 animated film .","Jon Favreau was confirmed as director on November 5 , 2013 .","Favreau as a child used to watch Disney 's 1967 animated film .","He felt the need to strike a balance between the two films by retaining the buoyant spirit of the 1967 film , including some of its memorable songs , while crafting a film with more realism and peril .","He also stressed the importance of nature and realized how things have shifted during Kipling 's time and now , `` In Kipling 's time , nature was something to be overcome .","Now nature is something to be protected . ''","He was encouraged by Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn to take advantage of the film 's setting and story as an opportunity to use the latest advancements in photorealistic rendering , computer - generated imagery , and motion capture technologies .","The story of the film is not independently taken from Kipling 's works , but also borrows cinematic inspirations from other films , including the child - mentor relationship in Shane ( 1953 ) , the establishment of rules in a dangerous world from Goodfellas ( 1990 ) and the use of a shadowy jungle figure in Apocalypse Now ( 1979 ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2188681139040379345","input":"how old is maggie kiriakis on days of our lives","passages":[{"title":"Maggie Horton","text":"Maggie Horton Days of our Lives character Portrayed by Suzanne Rogers Duration 1973 -- First appearance August 20 , 1973 Created by William J. Bell Introduced by Betty Corday ( 1973 ) Betty Corday and Al Rabin ( 1985 ) Ken Corday and Stephen Wyman ( 2004 ) Classification Present ; regular Profile Other names Margaret Simmons Maggie Horton Maggie Kiriakis Occupation Restaurant owner Day spa owner Investor Hospital volunteer Residence Salem , Illinois show Family Father Elmer Simmons Mother Dorothy Simmons Spouse Mickey Horton ( 1974 -- 84 , 1986 -- 2010 ) Victor Kiriakis ( 2011 -- ) Sons Daniel Jonas Daughters Summer Townsend Sarah Horton Adoptive daughters Melissa Horton Janice Barnes ( foster ) Stepsons Bo Brady ( 2011 -- 15 ) Philip Kiriakis ( 2011 -- ) Grandsons Nathan Horton ( adoptive ) Parker Jonas Granddaughters Melanie Jonas Holly Lane","sentences":["Maggie Horton Days of our Lives character Portrayed by Suzanne Rogers Duration 1973 -- First appearance August 20 , 1973 Created by William J. Bell Introduced by Betty Corday ( 1973 )","Betty Corday and Al Rabin ( 1985 )","Ken Corday and Stephen Wyman ( 2004 ) Classification Present ; regular Profile Other names Margaret Simmons Maggie Horton Maggie Kiriakis Occupation Restaurant owner Day spa owner Investor Hospital volunteer Residence Salem , Illinois show Family Father Elmer Simmons Mother Dorothy Simmons Spouse Mickey Horton ( 1974 -- 84 , 1986 -- 2010 )","Victor Kiriakis ( 2011 -- )","Sons Daniel Jonas Daughters Summer Townsend Sarah Horton Adoptive daughters Melissa Horton Janice Barnes ( foster )","Stepsons Bo Brady ( 2011 -- 15 ) Philip Kiriakis ( 2011 -- ) Grandsons Nathan Horton ( adoptive ) Parker Jonas Granddaughters","Melanie Jonas Holly Lane"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4311038651440808085","input":"when is the seaon finale of this is us","passages":[{"title":"Season finale","text":"1995 : The Simpsons parodied the `` Who shot J.R. ? '' episode with `` Who Shot Mr. Burns ? '' , the season six finale . The episode launched an official contest on the internet to determine who shot Mr. Burns . It is the only two - part episode in the series ' 29 - year history .","sentences":["1995 :","The Simpsons parodied the `` Who shot J.R. ? ''","episode with `` Who Shot Mr. Burns ? ''",", the season six finale .","The episode launched an official contest on the internet to determine who shot Mr. Burns .","It is the only two - part episode in the series ' 29 - year history ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8266578678036419953","input":"where did they film 30 days of night","passages":[{"title":"30 Days of Night (film)","text":"30 Days of Night was released February 26 , 2008 on DVD , Blu - ray , and UMD for PlayStation Portable in the United States . DVD sales brought in $26,949,780 in revenue , from 1,429,600 sold DVD units . This does not include Blu - ray sales . The DVD is a single disc and includes eight featurettes , one of which is a full episode of the anime Blood+ . The UK Region 2 release is a two disc special edition , released in April 2008 . Despite being exactly the same as the theatrical release , the BBFC reclassified the film from a 15 to an 18 . Even though it still only has the eight featurettes on the second disc , it includes a bonus 30 Days of Night graphic novel .","sentences":["30 Days of Night was released February 26 , 2008 on DVD , Blu - ray , and UMD for PlayStation Portable in the United States .","DVD sales brought in $26,949,780 in revenue , from 1,429,600 sold DVD units .","This does not include Blu - ray sales .","The DVD is a single disc and includes eight featurettes , one of which is a full episode of the anime Blood+ .","The UK Region 2 release is a two disc special edition , released in April 2008 .","Despite being exactly the same as the theatrical release , the BBFC reclassified the film from a 15 to an 18 .","Even though it still only has the eight featurettes on the second disc , it includes a bonus 30 Days of Night graphic novel ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3663835073332771802","input":"where is the place where you put locks on a fence","passages":[{"title":"Love lock","text":"In May 2010 the city of Paris expressed concern over the growing number of love - locks on the Pont des Arts , Passerelle L\u00e9opold - S\u00e9dar - Senghor , and the Pont de l'Archev\u00each\u00e9 bridges , stating : `` they raise problems for the preservation of our architectural heritage '' . The lovelocks of the Pont des Arts disappeared during the night of 11 May 2010 ; they had been removed by a student of the nearby \u00c9cole des Beaux - Arts to make a sculpture . Love locks immediately began appearing on the Pont de l'Archev\u00each\u00e9 and have since spread to at least 11 Seine bridges , the Canal Saint Martin footbridges , and to parks and monuments all over the city . Many tourists mistakenly believe this is a longstanding Parisian tradition , not realizing the practice only migrated into Paris in late 2008 after affecting cities in Italy and Asia . In January 2014 , a campaign and petition , No Love Locks TM , was founded by two Americans living in Paris in an effort to save the city 's historic bridges and monuments from the overwhelming number of locks . The international media attention the campaign received has been credited with the actions begun in the summer and fall of 2014 , when the city began seeking alternatives to love locks and asking the public to stop placing locks on Parisian bridges and monuments . On 9 May 2014 , the weight of the padlocks on the Pont Des Arts bridge was blamed for the collapse of part of the parapet . The city began an experiment in September 2014 on the Pont des Arts , replacing three panels with a special type of glass that would prevent locks from being attached . On 1 June 2015 , the locks were taken down due to the collapsing of the bridge . A website called Passion Locks exists , a tribute to Pont des Arts , where users can send others a virtual love lock . Germany","sentences":["In May 2010 the city of Paris expressed concern over the growing number of love - locks on the Pont des Arts , Passerelle L\u00e9opold - S\u00e9dar - Senghor , and the Pont de l'Archev\u00each\u00e9 bridges , stating : `` they raise problems for the preservation of our architectural heritage '' .","The lovelocks of the Pont des Arts disappeared during the night of 11 May 2010 ; they had been removed by a student of the nearby \u00c9cole des Beaux - Arts to make a sculpture .","Love locks immediately began appearing on the Pont de l'Archev\u00each\u00e9 and have since spread to at least 11 Seine bridges , the Canal Saint Martin footbridges , and to parks and monuments all over the city .","Many tourists mistakenly believe this is a longstanding Parisian tradition , not realizing the practice only migrated into Paris in late 2008 after affecting cities in Italy and Asia .","In January 2014 , a campaign and petition , No Love Locks TM , was founded by two Americans living in Paris in an effort to save the city 's historic bridges and monuments from the overwhelming number of locks .","The international media attention the campaign received has been credited with the actions begun in the summer and fall of 2014 , when the city began seeking alternatives to love locks and asking the public to stop placing locks on Parisian bridges and monuments .","On 9 May 2014 , the weight of the padlocks on the Pont Des Arts bridge was blamed for the collapse of part of the parapet .","The city began an experiment in September 2014 on the Pont des Arts , replacing three panels with a special type of glass that would prevent locks from being attached .","On 1 June 2015 , the locks were taken down due to the collapsing of the bridge .","A website called Passion Locks exists , a tribute to Pont des Arts , where users can send others a virtual love lock .","Germany"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1441473819725557103","input":"what is the tallest mountain range in the us","passages":[{"title":"List of the highest major summits of the United States","text":"The 200 highest summits of the United States with at least 500 meters of topographic prominence Rank Mountain Peak State Mountain Range Elevation Prominence Isolation Location Denali Alaska Alaska Range 20,310 ft 6190.5 m 20,146 ft 6141 m 4,629 mi 7,450 km 63 \u00b0 04 \u2032 08 '' N 151 \u00b0 00 \u2032 23 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.0690 \u00b0 N 151.0063 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.0690 ; - 151.0063 \ufeff ( Denali ) Mount Saint Elias Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 18,009 ft 5489 m 11,250 ft 3429 m 25.6 mi 41.3 km 60 \u00b0 17 \u2032 34 '' N 140 \u00b0 55 \u2032 51 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.2927 \u00b0 N 140.9307 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.2927 ; - 140.9307 \ufeff ( Mount Saint Elias ) Mount Foraker Alaska Alaska Range 17,400 ft 5304 m 7,250 ft 2210 m 14.27 mi 23.0 km 62 \u00b0 57 \u2032 37 '' N 151 \u00b0 23 \u2032 59 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.9604 \u00b0 N 151.3998 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 62.9604 ; - 151.3998 \ufeff ( Mount Foraker ) Mount Bona Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 16,550 ft 5044 m 6,900 ft 2103 m 49.7 mi 80.0 km 61 \u00b0 23 \u2032 08 '' N 141 \u00b0 44 \u2032 58 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3856 \u00b0 N 141.7495 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.3856 ; - 141.7495 \ufeff ( Mount Bona ) 5 Mount Blackburn Alaska Wrangell Mountains 16,390 ft 4996 m 11,640 ft 3548 m 60.7 mi 97.6 km 61 \u00b0 43 \u2032 50 '' N 143 \u00b0 24 \u2032 11 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.7305 \u00b0 N 143.4031 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.7305 ; - 143.4031 \ufeff ( Mount Blackburn ) 6 Mount Sanford Alaska Wrangell Mountains 16,237 ft 4949 m 7,687 ft 2343 m 40.3 mi 64.8 km 62 \u00b0 12 \u2032 48 '' N 144 \u00b0 07 \u2032 45 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.2132 \u00b0 N 144.1292 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 62.2132 ; - 144.1292 \ufeff ( Mount Sanford ) 7 Mount Fairweather ( Fairweather Mountain ) Alaska British Columbia Saint Elias Mountains 15,325 ft 4671 m 12,995 ft 3961 m 124.4 mi 200 km 58 \u00b0 54 \u2032 23 '' N 137 \u00b0 31 \u2032 35 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.9064 \u00b0 N 137.5265 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 58.9064 ; - 137.5265 \ufeff ( Mount Fairweather ) 8 Mount Hubbard Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 14,951 ft 4557 m 8,061 ft 2457 m 21.3 mi 34.4 km 60 \u00b0 19 \u2032 10 '' N 139 \u00b0 04 \u2032 21 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.3194 \u00b0 N 139.0726 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.3194 ; - 139.0726 \ufeff ( Mount Hubbard ) 9 Mount Bear Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 14,831 ft 4520 m 5,054 ft 1540 m 20.1 mi 32.4 km 61 \u00b0 17 \u2032 00 '' N 141 \u00b0 08 \u2032 36 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.2834 \u00b0 N 141.1433 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.2834 ; - 141.1433 \ufeff ( Mount Bear ) 10 Mount Hunter Alaska Alaska Range 14,573 ft 4442 m 4,653 ft 1418 m 6.88 mi 11.07 km 62 \u00b0 57 \u2032 01 '' N 151 \u00b0 05 \u2032 29 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.9504 \u00b0 N 151.0915 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 62.9504 ; - 151.0915 \ufeff ( Mount Hunter ) 11 Mount Whitney California Sierra Nevada 14,505 ft 4421.0 m 10,080 ft 3072 m 1,646 mi 2,649 km 36 \u00b0 34 \u2032 43 '' N 118 \u00b0 17 \u2032 31 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.5786 \u00b0 N 118.2920 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.5786 ; - 118.2920 \ufeff ( Mount Whitney ) 12 Mount Alverstone ( Boundary Point 180 ) Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 14,500 ft 4420 m 1,950 ft 594 m 2.25 mi 3.62 km 60 \u00b0 21 \u2032 06 '' N 139 \u00b0 04 \u2032 30 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.3518 \u00b0 N 139.0749 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.3518 ; - 139.0749 \ufeff ( Mount Alverstone ) 13 University Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 14,470 ft 4410 m 3,210 ft 978 m 3.71 mi 5.97 km 61 \u00b0 19 \u2032 38 '' N 141 \u00b0 47 \u2032 12 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3272 \u00b0 N 141.7867 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.3272 ; - 141.7867 \ufeff ( University Peak ) 14 Mount Elbert Colorado Sawatch Range 14,440 ft 4401.2 m 9,093 ft 2772 m 671 mi 1,079 km 39 \u00b0 07 \u2032 04 '' N 106 \u00b0 26 \u2032 43 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.1178 \u00b0 N 106.4454 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.1178 ; - 106.4454 \ufeff ( Mount Elbert ) 15 Mount Massive Colorado Sawatch Range 14,428 ft 4398 m 1,961 ft 598 m 5.06 mi 8.14 km 39 \u00b0 11 \u2032 15 '' N 106 \u00b0 28 \u2032 33 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.1875 \u00b0 N 106.4757 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.1875 ; - 106.4757 \ufeff ( Mount Massive ) 16 Mount Harvard Colorado Sawatch Range 14,421 ft 4395.6 m 2,360 ft 719 m 14.92 mi 24.0 km 38 \u00b0 55 \u2032 28 '' N 106 \u00b0 19 \u2032 15 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.9244 \u00b0 N 106.3207 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.9244 ; - 106.3207 \ufeff ( Mount Harvard ) 17 Mount Rainier Washington Cascade Range 14,417 ft 4394 m 13,210 ft 4026 m 731 mi 1,177 km 46 \u00b0 51 \u2032 10 '' N 121 \u00b0 45 \u2032 37 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 46.8529 \u00b0 N 121.7604 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 46.8529 ; - 121.7604 \ufeff ( Mount Rainier ) 18 Mount Williamson California Sierra Nevada 14,379 ft 4383 m 1,676 ft 511 m 5.41 mi 8.70 km 36 \u00b0 39 \u2032 21 '' N 118 \u00b0 18 \u2032 40 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.6559 \u00b0 N 118.3111 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.6559 ; - 118.3111 \ufeff ( Mount Williamson ) 19 Blanca Peak Colorado Sangre de Cristo Mountains 14,351 ft 4374 m 5,326 ft 1623 m 103.4 mi 166.4 km 37 \u00b0 34 \u2032 39 '' N 105 \u00b0 29 \u2032 08 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.5775 \u00b0 N 105.4856 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.5775 ; - 105.4856 \ufeff ( Blanca Peak ) 20 La Plata Peak Colorado Sawatch Range 14,343 ft 4372 m 1,836 ft 560 m 6.28 mi 10.11 km 39 \u00b0 01 \u2032 46 '' N 106 \u00b0 28 \u2032 22 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0294 \u00b0 N 106.4729 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.0294 ; - 106.4729 \ufeff ( La Plata Peak ) 21 Uncompahgre Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 14,321 ft 4365.0 m 4,277 ft 1304 m 85.0 mi 136.8 km 38 \u00b0 04 \u2032 18 '' N 107 \u00b0 27 \u2032 44 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.0717 \u00b0 N 107.4621 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.0717 ; - 107.4621 \ufeff ( Uncompahgre Peak ) 22 Crestone Peak Colorado Sangre de Cristo Range 14,300 ft 4359 m 4,554 ft 1388 m 27.4 mi 44.0 km 37 \u00b0 58 \u2032 01 '' N 105 \u00b0 35 \u2032 08 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9669 \u00b0 N 105.5855 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.9669 ; - 105.5855 \ufeff ( Crestone Peak ) 23 Mount Lincoln Colorado Mosquito Range 14,293 ft 4356.5 m 3,862 ft 1177 m 22.5 mi 36.2 km 39 \u00b0 21 \u2032 05 '' N 106 \u00b0 06 \u2032 42 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.3515 \u00b0 N 106.1116 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.3515 ; - 106.1116 \ufeff ( Mount Lincoln ) 24 Castle Peak Colorado Elk Mountains 14,279 ft 4352.2 m 2,365 ft 721 m 20.9 mi 33.6 km 39 \u00b0 00 \u2032 35 '' N 106 \u00b0 51 \u2032 41 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0097 \u00b0 N 106.8614 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.0097 ; - 106.8614 \ufeff ( Castle Peak ) 25 Grays Peak Colorado Front Range 14,278 ft 4352 m 2,770 ft 844 m 25.0 mi 40.2 km 39 \u00b0 38 \u2032 02 '' N 105 \u00b0 49 \u2032 03 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.6339 \u00b0 N 105.8176 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.6339 ; - 105.8176 \ufeff ( Grays Peak ) 26 Mount Antero Colorado Sawatch Range 14,276 ft 4351.4 m 2,503 ft 763 m 17.67 mi 28.4 km 38 \u00b0 40 \u2032 27 '' N 106 \u00b0 14 \u2032 46 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.6741 \u00b0 N 106.2462 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.6741 ; - 106.2462 \ufeff ( Mount Antero ) 27 Mount Evans Colorado Front Range 14,271 ft 4350 m 2,770 ft 844 m 9.79 mi 15.76 km 39 \u00b0 35 \u2032 18 '' N 105 \u00b0 38 \u2032 38 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.5883 \u00b0 N 105.6438 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.5883 ; - 105.6438 \ufeff ( Mount Evans ) 28 Longs Peak Colorado Front Range 14,259 ft 4346 m 2,940 ft 896 m 43.6 mi 70.2 km 40 \u00b0 15 \u2032 18 '' N 105 \u00b0 36 \u2032 54 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.2550 \u00b0 N 105.6151 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.2550 ; - 105.6151 \ufeff ( Longs Peak ) 29 Mount Wilson Colorado San Miguel Mountains 14,252 ft 4344 m 4,024 ft 1227 m 33.0 mi 53.1 km 37 \u00b0 50 \u2032 21 '' N 107 \u00b0 59 \u2032 30 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8391 \u00b0 N 107.9916 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.8391 ; - 107.9916 \ufeff ( Mount Wilson ) 30 White Mountain Peak California White Mountains 14,252 ft 4344.0 m 7,196 ft 2193 m 67.4 mi 108.6 km 37 \u00b0 38 \u2032 03 '' N 118 \u00b0 15 \u2032 21 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6341 \u00b0 N 118.2557 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.6341 ; - 118.2557 \ufeff ( White Mountain Peak ) 31 North Palisade California Sierra Nevada 14,248 ft 4343 m 2,894 ft 882 m 32.2 mi 51.8 km 37 \u00b0 05 \u2032 39 '' N 118 \u00b0 30 \u2032 52 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.0943 \u00b0 N 118.5145 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.0943 ; - 118.5145 \ufeff ( North Palisade ) 32 Mount Princeton Colorado Sawatch Range 14,204 ft 4329.3 m 2,177 ft 664 m 5.19 mi 8.36 km 38 \u00b0 44 \u2032 57 '' N 106 \u00b0 14 \u2032 33 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7492 \u00b0 N 106.2424 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.7492 ; - 106.2424 \ufeff ( Mount Princeton ) 33 Mount Yale Colorado Sawatch Range 14,200 ft 4328.2 m 1,896 ft 578 m 5.55 mi 8.93 km 38 \u00b0 50 \u2032 39 '' N 106 \u00b0 18 \u2032 50 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8442 \u00b0 N 106.3138 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.8442 ; - 106.3138 \ufeff ( Mount Yale ) 34 Mount Shasta California Cascade Range 14,179 ft 4321.8 m 9,772 ft 2979 m 335 mi 539 km 41 \u00b0 24 \u2032 33 '' N 122 \u00b0 11 \u2032 42 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 41.4092 \u00b0 N 122.1949 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 41.4092 ; - 122.1949 \ufeff ( Mount Shasta ) 35 Maroon Peak Colorado Elk Mountains 14,163 ft 4317.0 m 2,336 ft 712 m 8.06 mi 12.97 km 39 \u00b0 04 \u2032 15 '' N 106 \u00b0 59 \u2032 20 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0708 \u00b0 N 106.9890 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.0708 ; - 106.9890 \ufeff ( Maroon Peak ) 36 Mount Wrangell Alaska Wrangell Mountains 14,163 ft 4317 m 5,613 ft 1711 m 14.79 mi 23.8 km 62 \u00b0 00 \u2032 21 '' N 144 \u00b0 01 \u2032 07 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.0059 \u00b0 N 144.0187 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 62.0059 ; - 144.0187 \ufeff ( Mount Wrangell ) 37 Mount Sneffels Colorado Sneffels Range 14,158 ft 4315.4 m 3,050 ft 930 m 15.71 mi 25.3 km 38 \u00b0 00 \u2032 14 '' N 107 \u00b0 47 \u2032 32 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.0038 \u00b0 N 107.7923 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.0038 ; - 107.7923 \ufeff ( Mount Sneffels ) 38 Capitol Peak Colorado Elk Mountains 14,137 ft 4309 m 1,750 ft 533 m 7.44 mi 11.98 km 39 \u00b0 09 \u2032 01 '' N 107 \u00b0 04 \u2032 58 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.1503 \u00b0 N 107.0829 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.1503 ; - 107.0829 \ufeff ( Capitol Peak ) 39 Pikes Peak Colorado Front Range 14,115 ft 4302.31 m 5,530 ft 1686 m 60.6 mi 97.6 km 38 \u00b0 50 \u2032 26 '' N 105 \u00b0 02 \u2032 39 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8405 \u00b0 N 105.0442 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.8405 ; - 105.0442 \ufeff ( Pikes Peak ) 40 Windom Peak Colorado Needle Mountains 14,093 ft 4296 m 2,187 ft 667 m 26.3 mi 42.4 km 37 \u00b0 37 \u2032 16 '' N 107 \u00b0 35 \u2032 31 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6212 \u00b0 N 107.5919 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.6212 ; - 107.5919 \ufeff ( Windom Peak ) 41 Mount Augusta Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 14,070 ft 4289 m 5,082 ft 1549 m 14.41 mi 23.2 km 60 \u00b0 18 \u2032 27 '' N 140 \u00b0 27 \u2032 30 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.3074 \u00b0 N 140.4584 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.3074 ; - 140.4584 \ufeff ( Mount Augusta ) 42 Handies Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 14,058 ft 4284.8 m 1,908 ft 582 m 11.18 mi 18.00 km 37 \u00b0 54 \u2032 47 '' N 107 \u00b0 30 \u2032 16 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9130 \u00b0 N 107.5044 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.9130 ; - 107.5044 \ufeff ( Handies Peak ) 43 Culebra Peak Colorado Culebra Range 14,053 ft 4283 m 4,827 ft 1471 m 35.4 mi 56.9 km 37 \u00b0 07 \u2032 21 '' N 105 \u00b0 11 \u2032 09 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.1224 \u00b0 N 105.1858 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.1224 ; - 105.1858 \ufeff ( Culebra Peak ) 44 San Luis Peak Colorado La Garita Mountains 14,022 ft 4273.8 m 3,113 ft 949 m 26.9 mi 43.4 km 37 \u00b0 59 \u2032 12 '' N 106 \u00b0 55 \u2032 53 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9868 \u00b0 N 106.9313 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.9868 ; - 106.9313 \ufeff ( San Luis Peak ) 45 Mount of the Holy Cross Colorado Sawatch Range 14,011 ft 4270.5 m 2,113 ft 644 m 18.41 mi 29.6 km 39 \u00b0 28 \u2032 00 '' N 106 \u00b0 28 \u2032 54 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4668 \u00b0 N 106.4817 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.4668 ; - 106.4817 \ufeff ( Mount of the Holy Cross ) 46 Grizzly Peak Colorado Sawatch Range 13,995 ft 4265.6 m 1,928 ft 588 m 6.77 mi 10.89 km 39 \u00b0 02 \u2032 33 '' N 106 \u00b0 35 \u2032 51 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0425 \u00b0 N 106.5976 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.0425 ; - 106.5976 \ufeff ( Grizzly Peak ) 47 Mount Humphreys California Sierra Nevada 13,992 ft 4265 m 2,563 ft 781 m 14.71 mi 23.7 km 37 \u00b0 16 \u2032 14 '' N 118 \u00b0 40 \u2032 23 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.2705 \u00b0 N 118.6730 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.2705 ; - 118.6730 \ufeff ( Mount Humphreys ) 48 Mount Keith California Sierra Nevada 13,982 ft 4262 m 1,936 ft 590 m 3.09 mi 4.97 km 36 \u00b0 42 \u2032 00 '' N 118 \u00b0 20 \u2032 37 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.7001 \u00b0 N 118.3436 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.7001 ; - 118.3436 \ufeff ( Mount Keith ) 49 Mount Ouray Colorado Sawatch Range 13,961 ft 4255.4 m 2,659 ft 810 m 13.58 mi 21.9 km 38 \u00b0 25 \u2032 22 '' N 106 \u00b0 13 \u2032 29 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.4227 \u00b0 N 106.2247 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.4227 ; - 106.2247 \ufeff ( Mount Ouray ) 50 Vermilion Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,900 ft 4237 m 2,105 ft 642 m 9.07 mi 14.60 km 37 \u00b0 47 \u2032 57 '' N 107 \u00b0 49 \u2032 43 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7993 \u00b0 N 107.8285 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.7993 ; - 107.8285 \ufeff ( Vermilion Peak ) 51 Atna Peaks Alaska Wrangell Mountains 13,860 ft 4225 m 2,210 ft 674 m 3.64 mi 5.86 km 61 \u00b0 44 \u2032 58 '' N 143 \u00b0 14 \u2032 29 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.7495 \u00b0 N 143.2414 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.7495 ; - 143.2414 \ufeff ( Atna Peaks ) 52 Regal Mountain Alaska Wrangell Mountains 13,845 ft 4220 m 4,395 ft 1340 m 12.25 mi 19.72 km 61 \u00b0 44 \u2032 38 '' N 142 \u00b0 52 \u2032 03 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.7438 \u00b0 N 142.8675 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.7438 ; - 142.8675 \ufeff ( Regal Mountain ) 53 Mount Darwin California Sierra Nevada 13,837 ft 4218 m 1,891 ft 576 m 7.13 mi 11.48 km 37 \u00b0 10 \u2032 01 '' N 118 \u00b0 40 \u2032 20 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.1669 \u00b0 N 118.6721 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.1669 ; - 118.6721 \ufeff ( Mount Darwin ) 54 Mount Hayes Alaska Alaska Range 13,832 ft 4216 m 11,507 ft 3507 m 125.5 mi 202 km 63 \u00b0 37 \u2032 13 '' N 146 \u00b0 43 \u2032 04 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.6203 \u00b0 N 146.7178 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.6203 ; - 146.7178 \ufeff ( Mount Hayes ) 55 Mount Silverheels Colorado Front Range 13,829 ft 4215.0 m 2,283 ft 696 m 5.48 mi 8.82 km 39 \u00b0 20 \u2032 22 '' N 106 \u00b0 00 \u2032 19 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.3394 \u00b0 N 106.0054 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.3394 ; - 106.0054 \ufeff ( Mount Silverheels ) 56 Rio Grande Pyramid Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,827 ft 4214.4 m 1,881 ft 573 m 10.76 mi 17.31 km 37 \u00b0 40 \u2032 47 '' N 107 \u00b0 23 \u2032 33 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6797 \u00b0 N 107.3924 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.6797 ; - 107.3924 \ufeff ( Rio Grande Pyramid ) 57 Gannett Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 13,809 ft 4209.1 m 7,076 ft 2157 m 290 mi 467 km 43 \u00b0 11 \u2032 03 '' N 109 \u00b0 39 \u2032 15 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.1842 \u00b0 N 109.6542 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 43.1842 ; - 109.6542 \ufeff ( Gannett Peak ) 58 Mount Kaweah California Sierra Nevada 13,807 ft 4209 m 2,027 ft 618 m 10.73 mi 17.27 km 36 \u00b0 31 \u2032 34 '' N 118 \u00b0 28 \u2032 43 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.5261 \u00b0 N 118.4785 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.5261 ; - 118.4785 \ufeff ( Mount Kaweah ) 59 Mauna Kea Hawaii Island of Hawai \u02bbi 13,803 ft 4207.3 m 13,803 ft 4207 m 2,453 mi 3,947 km 19 \u00b0 49 \u2032 15 '' N 155 \u00b0 28 \u2032 05 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 19.8207 \u00b0 N 155.4681 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 19.8207 ; - 155.4681 \ufeff ( Mauna Kea ) 60 Grand Teton Wyoming Teton Range 13,775 ft 4198.7 m 6,545 ft 1995 m 69.4 mi 111.6 km 43 \u00b0 44 \u2032 28 '' N 110 \u00b0 48 \u2032 09 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.7412 \u00b0 N 110.8024 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 43.7412 ; - 110.8024 \ufeff ( Grand Teton ) 61 Mount Cook Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 13,760 ft 4194 m 7,710 ft 2350 m 14.54 mi 23.4 km 60 \u00b0 10 \u2032 54 '' N 139 \u00b0 58 \u2032 52 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.1816 \u00b0 N 139.9811 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.1816 ; - 139.9811 \ufeff ( Mount Cook ) 62 Mount Morgan California Sierra Nevada 13,758 ft 4193.4 m 2,648 ft 807 m 9.86 mi 15.87 km 37 \u00b0 24 \u2032 19 '' N 118 \u00b0 43 \u2032 58 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.4053 \u00b0 N 118.7329 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.4053 ; - 118.7329 \ufeff ( Mount Morgan ) 63 Mount Gabb California Sierra Nevada 13,747 ft 4190 m 2,601 ft 793 m 4.28 mi 6.89 km 37 \u00b0 22 \u2032 37 '' N 118 \u00b0 48 \u2032 09 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3769 \u00b0 N 118.8025 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.3769 ; - 118.8025 \ufeff ( Mount Gabb ) 64 Bald Mountain Colorado Front Range 13,690 ft 4173 m 2,099 ft 640 m 7.51 mi 12.09 km 39 \u00b0 26 \u2032 41 '' N 105 \u00b0 58 \u2032 14 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4448 \u00b0 N 105.9705 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.4448 ; - 105.9705 \ufeff ( Bald Mountain ) 65 Mount Oso Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,690 ft 4173 m 1,664 ft 507 m 5.41 mi 8.71 km 37 \u00b0 36 \u2032 25 '' N 107 \u00b0 29 \u2032 37 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6070 \u00b0 N 107.4936 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.6070 ; - 107.4936 \ufeff ( Mount Oso ) 66 Mauna Loa Hawaii Island of Hawai \u02bbi 13,679 ft 4169 m 7,099 ft 2164 m 25.4 mi 40.8 km 19 \u00b0 28 \u2032 32 '' N 155 \u00b0 36 \u2032 19 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 19.4756 \u00b0 N 155.6054 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 19.4756 ; - 155.6054 \ufeff ( Mauna Loa ) 67 Mount Jackson Colorado Sawatch Range 13,676 ft 4168.5 m 1,810 ft 552 m 3.21 mi 5.16 km 39 \u00b0 29 \u2032 07 '' N 106 \u00b0 32 \u2032 12 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4853 \u00b0 N 106.5367 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.4853 ; - 106.5367 \ufeff ( Mount Jackson ) 68 Mount Tom California Sierra Nevada 13,657 ft 4163 m 1,992 ft 607 m 4.77 mi 7.67 km 37 \u00b0 22 \u2032 34 '' N 119 \u00b0 10 \u2032 44 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3762 \u00b0 N 119.1789 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.3762 ; - 119.1789 \ufeff ( Mount Tom ) 69 Bard Peak Colorado Front Range 13,647 ft 4159 m 1,701 ft 518 m 5.43 mi 8.74 km 39 \u00b0 43 \u2032 13 '' N 105 \u00b0 48 \u2032 16 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.7204 \u00b0 N 105.8044 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.7204 ; - 105.8044 \ufeff ( Bard Peak ) 70 West Spanish Peak Colorado Spanish Peaks 13,631 ft 4155 m 3,686 ft 1123 m 19.87 mi 32.0 km 37 \u00b0 22 \u2032 32 '' N 104 \u00b0 59 \u2032 36 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3756 \u00b0 N 104.9934 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.3756 ; - 104.9934 \ufeff ( West Spanish Peak ) 71 Mount Powell Colorado Gore Range 13,586 ft 4141 m 3,000 ft 914 m 21.5 mi 34.6 km 39 \u00b0 45 \u2032 36 '' N 106 \u00b0 20 \u2032 27 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.7601 \u00b0 N 106.3407 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.7601 ; - 106.3407 \ufeff ( Mount Powell ) 72 Hagues Peak Colorado Mummy Range 13,573 ft 4137 m 2,420 ft 738 m 15.70 mi 25.3 km 40 \u00b0 29 \u2032 04 '' N 105 \u00b0 38 \u2032 47 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.4845 \u00b0 N 105.6464 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.4845 ; - 105.6464 \ufeff ( Hagues Peak ) 73 Mount Dubois California White Mountains 13,565 ft 4135 m 2,339 ft 713 m 9.63 mi 15.50 km 37 \u00b0 47 \u2032 00 '' N 118 \u00b0 20 \u2032 36 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7834 \u00b0 N 118.3432 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.7834 ; - 118.3432 \ufeff ( Mount Dubois ) 74 Tower Mountain Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,558 ft 4132 m 1,652 ft 504 m 4.88 mi 7.86 km 37 \u00b0 51 \u2032 26 '' N 107 \u00b0 37 \u2032 23 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8573 \u00b0 N 107.6230 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.8573 ; - 107.6230 \ufeff ( Tower Mountain ) 75 Treasure Mountain Colorado Elk Mountains 13,535 ft 4125 m 2,828 ft 862 m 6.92 mi 11.13 km 39 \u00b0 01 \u2032 28 '' N 107 \u00b0 07 \u2032 22 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0244 \u00b0 N 107.1228 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.0244 ; - 107.1228 \ufeff ( Treasure Mountain ) 76 Kings Peak Utah Uinta Mountains 13,534 ft 4125 m 6,358 ft 1938 m 166.6 mi 268 km 40 \u00b0 46 \u2032 35 '' N 110 \u00b0 22 \u2032 22 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.7763 \u00b0 N 110.3729 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.7763 ; - 110.3729 \ufeff ( Kings Peak ) 77 North Arapaho Peak Colorado Front Range 13,508 ft 4117 m 1,665 ft 507 m 15.38 mi 24.8 km 40 \u00b0 01 \u2032 35 '' N 105 \u00b0 39 \u2032 01 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.0265 \u00b0 N 105.6504 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.0265 ; - 105.6504 \ufeff ( North Arapaho Peak ) 78 Mount Pinchot California Sierra Nevada 13,500 ft 4115 m 2,110 ft 643 m 4.71 mi 7.58 km 36 \u00b0 56 \u2032 50 '' N 118 \u00b0 24 \u2032 19 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.9473 \u00b0 N 118.4054 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.9473 ; - 118.4054 \ufeff ( Mount Pinchot ) 79 Mount Natazhat Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 13,435 ft 4095 m 5,985 ft 1824 m 15.49 mi 24.9 km 61 \u00b0 31 \u2032 18 '' N 141 \u00b0 06 \u2032 11 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.5217 \u00b0 N 141.1030 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.5217 ; - 141.1030 \ufeff ( Mount Natazhat ) 80 Mount Jarvis Alaska Wrangell Mountains 13,421 ft 4091 m 4,771 ft 1454 m 11.15 mi 17.95 km 62 \u00b0 01 \u2032 24 '' N 143 \u00b0 37 \u2032 11 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.0234 \u00b0 N 143.6198 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 62.0234 ; - 143.6198 \ufeff ( Mount Jarvis ) 81 Parry Peak Colorado Front Range 13,397 ft 4083 m 1,720 ft 524 m 9.46 mi 15.22 km 39 \u00b0 50 \u2032 17 '' N 105 \u00b0 42 \u2032 48 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.8381 \u00b0 N 105.7132 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.8381 ; - 105.7132 \ufeff ( Parry Peak ) 82 Bill Williams Peak Colorado Williams Mountains 13,389 ft 4081 m 1,682 ft 513 m 3.73 mi 6.00 km 39 \u00b0 10 \u2032 50 '' N 106 \u00b0 36 \u2032 37 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.1806 \u00b0 N 106.6102 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.1806 ; - 106.6102 \ufeff ( Bill Williams Peak ) 83 Sultan Mountain Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,373 ft 4076 m 1,868 ft 569 m 4.59 mi 7.39 km 37 \u00b0 47 \u2032 09 '' N 107 \u00b0 42 \u2032 14 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7859 \u00b0 N 107.7038 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.7859 ; - 107.7038 \ufeff ( Sultan Mountain ) 84 Mount Herard Colorado Sangre de Cristo Mountains 13,345 ft 4068 m 2,040 ft 622 m 4.63 mi 7.45 km 37 \u00b0 50 \u2032 57 '' N 105 \u00b0 29 \u2032 42 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8492 \u00b0 N 105.4949 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.8492 ; - 105.4949 \ufeff ( Mount Herard ) 85 West Buffalo Peak Colorado Mosquito Range 13,332 ft 4064 m 1,986 ft 605 m 9.61 mi 15.46 km 38 \u00b0 59 \u2032 30 '' N 106 \u00b0 07 \u2032 30 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.9917 \u00b0 N 106.1249 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.9917 ; - 106.1249 \ufeff ( West Buffalo Peak ) 86 Tressider Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 13,315 ft 4058 m 1,665 ft 507 m 3.32 mi 5.34 km 61 \u00b0 21 \u2032 32 '' N 141 \u00b0 39 \u2032 59 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3590 \u00b0 N 141.6664 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.3590 ; - 141.6664 \ufeff ( Tressider Peak ) 87 Summit Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,308 ft 4056.2 m 2,760 ft 841 m 39.6 mi 63.7 km 37 \u00b0 21 \u2032 02 '' N 106 \u00b0 41 \u2032 48 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3506 \u00b0 N 106.6968 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.3506 ; - 106.6968 \ufeff ( Summit Peak ) 88 Middle Peak Colorado San Miguel Mountains 13,306 ft 4056 m 1,960 ft 597 m 4.78 mi 7.69 km 37 \u00b0 51 \u2032 13 '' N 108 \u00b0 06 \u2032 30 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8536 \u00b0 N 108.1082 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.8536 ; - 108.1082 \ufeff ( Middle Peak ) 89 Antora Peak Colorado Sawatch Range 13,275 ft 4046 m 2,409 ft 734 m 6.75 mi 10.86 km 38 \u00b0 19 \u2032 30 '' N 106 \u00b0 13 \u2032 05 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.3250 \u00b0 N 106.2180 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.3250 ; - 106.2180 \ufeff ( Antora Peak ) 90 Henry Mountain Colorado Sawatch Range 13,261 ft 4042 m 1,674 ft 510 m 10.94 mi 17.61 km 38 \u00b0 41 \u2032 08 '' N 106 \u00b0 37 \u2032 16 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.6856 \u00b0 N 106.6211 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.6856 ; - 106.6211 \ufeff ( Henry Mountain ) 91 Hesperus Mountain Colorado La Plata Mountains 13,237 ft 4035 m 2,852 ft 869 m 24.5 mi 39.5 km 37 \u00b0 26 \u2032 42 '' N 108 \u00b0 05 \u2032 20 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.4451 \u00b0 N 108.0890 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.4451 ; - 108.0890 \ufeff ( Hesperus Mountain ) 92 Mount Silverthrone Alaska Alaska Range 13,220 ft 4029 m 3,240 ft 988 m 7.90 mi 12.72 km 63 \u00b0 06 \u2032 57 '' N 150 \u00b0 40 \u2032 32 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.1157 \u00b0 N 150.6755 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.1157 ; - 150.6755 \ufeff ( Mount Silverthrone ) 93 Jacque Peak Colorado Gore Range 13,211 ft 4027 m 2,065 ft 629 m 4.52 mi 7.28 km 39 \u00b0 27 \u2032 18 '' N 106 \u00b0 11 \u2032 49 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4549 \u00b0 N 106.1970 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.4549 ; - 106.1970 \ufeff ( Jacque Peak ) 94 Bennett Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,209 ft 4026 m 1,743 ft 531 m 17.08 mi 27.5 km 37 \u00b0 29 \u2032 00 '' N 106 \u00b0 26 \u2032 03 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.4833 \u00b0 N 106.4343 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.4833 ; - 106.4343 \ufeff ( Bennett Peak ) 95 Wind River Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 13,197 ft 4022.4 m 2,572 ft 784 m 35.1 mi 56.6 km 42 \u00b0 42 \u2032 31 '' N 109 \u00b0 07 \u2032 42 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.7085 \u00b0 N 109.1284 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 42.7085 ; - 109.1284 \ufeff ( Wind River Peak ) 96 Conejos Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,179 ft 4017.0 m 1,912 ft 583 m 8.15 mi 13.12 km 37 \u00b0 17 \u2032 19 '' N 106 \u00b0 34 \u2032 15 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.2887 \u00b0 N 106.5709 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.2887 ; - 106.5709 \ufeff ( Conejos Peak ) 97 Mount Marcus Baker Alaska Chugach Mountains 13,176 ft 4016 m 10,751 ft 3277 m 126.3 mi 203 km 61 \u00b0 26 \u2032 15 '' N 147 \u00b0 45 \u2032 09 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.4374 \u00b0 N 147.7525 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.4374 ; - 147.7525 \ufeff ( Mount Marcus Baker ) 98 Cloud Peak Wyoming Bighorn Mountains 13,167 ft 4013.3 m 7,077 ft 2157 m 145.0 mi 233 km 44 \u00b0 22 \u2032 56 '' N 107 \u00b0 10 \u2032 26 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.3821 \u00b0 N 107.1739 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 44.3821 ; - 107.1739 \ufeff ( Cloud Peak ) Wheeler Peak New Mexico Taos Mountains 13,167 ft 4013.3 m 3,409 ft 1039 m 37.0 mi 59.6 km 36 \u00b0 33 \u2032 25 '' N 105 \u00b0 25 \u2032 01 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.5569 \u00b0 N 105.4169 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.5569 ; - 105.4169 \ufeff ( Wheeler Peak ) 100 Francs Peak Wyoming Absaroka Range 13,164 ft 4012.3 m 4,056 ft 1236 m 47.2 mi 76.0 km 43 \u00b0 57 \u2032 41 '' N 109 \u00b0 20 \u2032 21 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.9613 \u00b0 N 109.3392 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 43.9613 ; - 109.3392 \ufeff ( Francs Peak ) 101 Twilight Peak Colorado Needle Mountains 13,163 ft 4012 m 2,338 ft 713 m 4.88 mi 7.86 km 37 \u00b0 39 \u2032 47 '' N 107 \u00b0 43 \u2032 37 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6630 \u00b0 N 107.7270 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.6630 ; - 107.7270 \ufeff ( Twilight Peak ) 102 South River Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,154 ft 4009.4 m 2,448 ft 746 m 21.1 mi 34.0 km 37 \u00b0 34 \u2032 27 '' N 106 \u00b0 58 \u2032 53 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.5741 \u00b0 N 106.9815 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.5741 ; - 106.9815 \ufeff ( South River Peak ) 103 Mount Ritter California Sierra Nevada 13,149 ft 4008 m 3,990 ft 1216 m 22.0 mi 35.4 km 37 \u00b0 41 \u2032 21 '' N 119 \u00b0 11 \u2032 59 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6891 \u00b0 N 119.1996 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.6891 ; - 119.1996 \ufeff ( Mount Ritter ) 104 Red Slate Mountain California Sierra Nevada 13,129 ft 4002 m 1,736 ft 529 m 8.31 mi 13.38 km 37 \u00b0 30 \u2032 27 '' N 118 \u00b0 52 \u2032 09 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.5075 \u00b0 N 118.8693 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.5075 ; - 118.8693 \ufeff ( Red Slate Mountain ) 105 Mount Lyell ( California ) California Sierra Nevada 13,120 ft 3998.9 m 1,926 ft 587 m 5.26 mi 8.46 km 37 \u00b0 44 \u2032 22 '' N 119 \u00b0 16 \u2032 18 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7394 \u00b0 N 119.2716 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.7394 ; - 119.2716 \ufeff ( Mount Lyell ) 106 Bushnell Peak Colorado Sangre de Cristo Mountains 13,110 ft 3995.8 m 2,405 ft 733 m 11.07 mi 17.82 km 38 \u00b0 20 \u2032 28 '' N 105 \u00b0 53 \u2032 21 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.3412 \u00b0 N 105.8892 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.3412 ; - 105.8892 \ufeff ( Bushnell Peak ) 107 Truchas Peak New Mexico Santa Fe Mountains 13,108 ft 3995.2 m 4,001 ft 1220 m 42.3 mi 68.2 km 35 \u00b0 57 \u2032 45 '' N 105 \u00b0 38 \u2032 42 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 35.9625 \u00b0 N 105.6450 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 35.9625 ; - 105.6450 \ufeff ( Truchas Peak ) 108 Wheeler Peak Nevada Snake Range 13,065 ft 3982.3 m 7,568 ft 2307 m 232 mi 373 km 38 \u00b0 59 \u2032 09 '' N 114 \u00b0 18 \u2032 50 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.9858 \u00b0 N 114.3139 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.9858 ; - 114.3139 \ufeff ( Wheeler Peak ) 109 Mount Dana California Sierra Nevada 13,063 ft 3981.5 m 2,437 ft 743 m 11.40 mi 18.35 km 37 \u00b0 54 \u2032 00 '' N 119 \u00b0 13 \u2032 16 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8999 \u00b0 N 119.2211 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.8999 ; - 119.2211 \ufeff ( Mount Dana ) 110 West Elk Peak Colorado West Elk Mountains 13,042 ft 3975.2 m 3,095 ft 943 m 13.78 mi 22.2 km 38 \u00b0 43 \u2032 04 '' N 107 \u00b0 11 \u2032 58 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7179 \u00b0 N 107.1994 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.7179 ; - 107.1994 \ufeff ( West Elk Peak ) 111 Mount Moffit Alaska Alaska Range 13,020 ft 3969 m 3,970 ft 1210 m 10.20 mi 16.41 km 63 \u00b0 34 \u2032 06 '' N 146 \u00b0 23 \u2032 54 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.5683 \u00b0 N 146.3982 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.5683 ; - 146.3982 \ufeff ( Mount Moffit ) 112 Mount Centennial ( Peak 13010 ) Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,016 ft 3967 m 1,790 ft 546 m 2.86 mi 4.61 km 37 \u00b0 36 \u2032 22 '' N 107 \u00b0 14 \u2032 41 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6062 \u00b0 N 107.2446 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.6062 ; - 107.2446 \ufeff ( Mount Centennial ) 113 Clark Peak Colorado Medicine Bow Mountains 12,954 ft 3948.4 m 2,771 ft 845 m 16.40 mi 26.4 km 40 \u00b0 36 \u2032 24 '' N 105 \u00b0 55 \u2032 48 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.6068 \u00b0 N 105.9300 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.6068 ; - 105.9300 \ufeff ( Clark Peak ) 114 Mount Richthofen Colorado Never Summer Mountains 12,945 ft 3946 m 2,680 ft 817 m 9.66 mi 15.54 km 40 \u00b0 28 \u2032 10 '' N 105 \u00b0 53 \u2032 40 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.4695 \u00b0 N 105.8945 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.4695 ; - 105.8945 \ufeff ( Mount Richthofen ) 115 Mount Root Alaska British Columbia Saint Elias Mountains 12,887 ft 3928 m 2,979 ft 908 m 5.46 mi 8.79 km 58 \u00b0 59 \u2032 07 '' N 137 \u00b0 30 \u2032 00 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.9854 \u00b0 N 137.5001 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 58.9854 ; - 137.5001 \ufeff ( Mount Root ) 116 Lizard Head Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 12,847 ft 3916 m 1,902 ft 580 m 6.46 mi 10.40 km 42 \u00b0 47 \u2032 24 '' N 109 \u00b0 11 \u2032 52 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.7901 \u00b0 N 109.1978 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 42.7901 ; - 109.1978 \ufeff ( Lizard Head Peak ) 117 Granite Peak Montana Beartooth Mountains 12,807 ft 3903.5 m 4,779 ft 1457 m 86.0 mi 138.5 km 45 \u00b0 09 \u2032 48 '' N 109 \u00b0 48 \u2032 27 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 45.1634 \u00b0 N 109.8075 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 45.1634 ; - 109.8075 \ufeff ( Granite Peak ) 118 Mount Crosson Alaska Alaska Range 12,800 ft 3901 m 1,650 ft 503 m 5.11 mi 8.22 km 63 \u00b0 00 \u2032 29 '' N 151 \u00b0 16 \u2032 35 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.0081 \u00b0 N 151.2763 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.0081 ; - 151.2763 \ufeff ( Mount Crosson ) 119 Venado Peak New Mexico Taos Mountains 12,739 ft 3883 m 2,971 ft 906 m 11.80 mi 18.99 km 36 \u00b0 47 \u2032 30 '' N 105 \u00b0 29 \u2032 36 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.7917 \u00b0 N 105.4933 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.7917 ; - 105.4933 \ufeff ( Venado Peak ) 120 Chair Mountain Colorado Elk Mountains 12,727 ft 3879.1 m 2,461 ft 750 m 8.89 mi 14.30 km 39 \u00b0 03 \u2032 29 '' N 107 \u00b0 16 \u2032 56 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0581 \u00b0 N 107.2822 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.0581 ; - 107.2822 \ufeff ( Chair Mountain ) 121 Mount Peale Utah La Sal Mountains 12,726 ft 3879 m 6,181 ft 1884 m 72.8 mi 117.1 km 38 \u00b0 26 \u2032 19 '' N 109 \u00b0 13 \u2032 45 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.4385 \u00b0 N 109.2292 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.4385 ; - 109.2292 \ufeff ( Mount Peale ) 122 Mount Crillon Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,726 ft 3879 m 7,176 ft 2187 m 19.52 mi 31.4 km 58 \u00b0 39 \u2032 45 '' N 137 \u00b0 10 \u2032 16 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.6625 \u00b0 N 137.1712 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 58.6625 ; - 137.1712 \ufeff ( Mount Crillon ) 123 Mount Gunnison Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,725 ft 3878.7 m 3,539 ft 1079 m 11.84 mi 19.05 km 38 \u00b0 48 \u2032 44 '' N 107 \u00b0 22 \u2032 57 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8121 \u00b0 N 107.3826 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.8121 ; - 107.3826 \ufeff ( Mount Gunnison ) 124 East Spanish Peak Colorado Spanish Peaks 12,688 ft 3867 m 2,383 ft 726 m 4.21 mi 6.78 km 37 \u00b0 23 \u2032 36 '' N 104 \u00b0 55 \u2032 12 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3934 \u00b0 N 104.9201 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.3934 ; - 104.9201 \ufeff ( East Spanish Peak ) 125 Borah Peak Idaho Lost River Range 12,668 ft 3861.2 m 6,002 ft 1829 m 150.8 mi 243 km 44 \u00b0 08 \u2032 15 '' N 113 \u00b0 46 \u2032 52 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.1374 \u00b0 N 113.7811 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 44.1374 ; - 113.7811 \ufeff ( Borah Peak ) 126 Mount Wood Montana Absaroka Range 12,665 ft 3860 m 2,880 ft 878 m 7.48 mi 12.04 km 45 \u00b0 16 \u2032 30 '' N 109 \u00b0 48 \u2032 28 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 45.2749 \u00b0 N 109.8078 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 45.2749 ; - 109.8078 \ufeff ( Mount Wood ) 127 Mount Gunnar Naslund Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,658 ft 3858 m 2,108 ft 643 m 6.86 mi 11.04 km 61 \u00b0 13 \u2032 42 '' N 141 \u00b0 18 \u2032 50 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.2282 \u00b0 N 141.3140 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.2282 ; - 141.3140 \ufeff ( Mount Gunnar Naslund ) 128 Mount Conness California Sierra Nevada 12,649 ft 3855.5 m 2,650 ft 808 m 7.18 mi 11.55 km 37 \u00b0 58 \u2032 01 '' N 119 \u00b0 19 \u2032 17 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9670 \u00b0 N 119.3213 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.9670 ; - 119.3213 \ufeff ( Mount Conness ) 129 Humphreys Peak Arizona San Francisco Peaks 12,637 ft 3852 m 6,039 ft 1841 m 246 mi 396 km 35 \u00b0 20 \u2032 47 '' N 111 \u00b0 40 \u2032 41 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 35.3464 \u00b0 N 111.6780 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 35.3464 ; - 111.6780 \ufeff ( Humphreys Peak ) 130 Santa Fe Baldy New Mexico Santa Fe Mountains 12,632 ft 3850.1 m 2,002 ft 610 m 10.99 mi 17.69 km 35 \u00b0 49 \u2032 56 '' N 105 \u00b0 45 \u2032 29 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 35.8322 \u00b0 N 105.7581 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 35.8322 ; - 105.7581 \ufeff ( Santa Fe Baldy ) 131 Gothic Mountain Colorado Elk Mountains 12,631 ft 3850 m 1,645 ft 501 m 2.73 mi 4.39 km 38 \u00b0 57 \u2032 22 '' N 107 \u00b0 00 \u2032 39 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.9562 \u00b0 N 107.0107 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.9562 ; - 107.0107 \ufeff ( Gothic Mountain ) 132 Castle Mountain Montana Absaroka Range 12,618 ft 3846.1 m 2,672 ft 814 m 9.74 mi 15.67 km 45 \u00b0 05 \u2032 56 '' N 109 \u00b0 37 \u2032 50 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 45.0989 \u00b0 N 109.6305 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 45.0989 ; - 109.6305 \ufeff ( Castle Mountain ) Lone Cone Colorado San Miguel Mountains 12,618 ft 3846.1 m 2,273 ft 693 m 8.40 mi 13.52 km 37 \u00b0 53 \u2032 17 '' N 108 \u00b0 15 \u2032 20 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8880 \u00b0 N 108.2556 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.8880 ; - 108.2556 \ufeff ( Lone Cone ) 134 Mount Moran Wyoming Teton Range 12,610 ft 3843.5 m 2,645 ft 806 m 6.18 mi 9.94 km 43 \u00b0 50 \u2032 06 '' N 110 \u00b0 46 \u2032 35 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.8350 \u00b0 N 110.7765 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 43.8350 ; - 110.7765 \ufeff ( Mount Moran ) 135 Tlingit Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,606 ft 3842 m 2,006 ft 611 m 2.26 mi 3.63 km 58 \u00b0 53 \u2032 35 '' N 137 \u00b0 23 \u2032 38 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.8931 \u00b0 N 137.3938 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 58.8931 ; - 137.3938 \ufeff ( Tlingit Peak ) 136 Little Costilla Peak New Mexico Culebra Range 12,588 ft 3836.8 m 2,444 ft 745 m 7.75 mi 12.48 km 36 \u00b0 50 \u2032 01 '' N 105 \u00b0 13 \u2032 22 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.8335 \u00b0 N 105.2229 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.8335 ; - 105.2229 \ufeff ( Little Costilla Peak ) 137 Mount Carpe Alaska Alaska Range 12,550 ft 3825 m 1,800 ft 549 m 4.10 mi 6.60 km 63 \u00b0 09 \u2032 08 '' N 150 \u00b0 51 \u2032 42 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.1521 \u00b0 N 150.8616 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.1521 ; - 150.8616 \ufeff ( Mount Carpe ) 138 Needham Mountain California Sierra Nevada 12,545 ft 3824 m 1,840 ft 561 m 5.93 mi 9.54 km 36 \u00b0 27 \u2032 16 '' N 118 \u00b0 32 \u2032 14 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.4545 \u00b0 N 118.5373 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.4545 ; - 118.5373 \ufeff ( Needham Mountain ) 139 Graham Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 12,536 ft 3821.1 m 2,551 ft 778 m 8.64 mi 13.90 km 37 \u00b0 29 \u2032 50 '' N 107 \u00b0 22 \u2032 34 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.4972 \u00b0 N 107.3761 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.4972 ; - 107.3761 \ufeff ( Graham Peak ) 140 Whetstone Mountain Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,527 ft 3818.1 m 2,456 ft 749 m 9.39 mi 15.11 km 38 \u00b0 49 \u2032 20 '' N 106 \u00b0 58 \u2032 48 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8223 \u00b0 N 106.9799 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.8223 ; - 106.9799 \ufeff ( Whetstone Mountain ) 141 Kahiltna Dome Alaska Alaska Range 12,525 ft 3818 m 2,175 ft 663 m 3.45 mi 5.55 km 63 \u00b0 03 \u2032 18 '' N 151 \u00b0 14 \u2032 22 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.0550 \u00b0 N 151.2394 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.0550 ; - 151.2394 \ufeff ( Kahiltna Dome ) 142 Mount Thor Alaska Chugach Mountains 12,521 ft 3816 m 3,271 ft 997 m 20.4 mi 32.8 km 61 \u00b0 29 \u2032 07 '' N 147 \u00b0 08 \u2032 46 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.4854 \u00b0 N 147.1460 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.4854 ; - 147.1460 \ufeff ( Mount Thor ) 143 Mount Watson Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,497 ft 3809 m 1,932 ft 589 m 2.52 mi 4.05 km 59 \u00b0 00 \u2032 32 '' N 137 \u00b0 33 \u2032 15 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 59.0088 \u00b0 N 137.5541 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 59.0088 ; - 137.5541 \ufeff ( Mount Watson ) 144 Atlantic Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 12,495 ft 3808 m 2,150 ft 655 m 9.07 mi 14.60 km 42 \u00b0 36 \u2032 59 '' N 109 \u00b0 00 \u2032 05 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.6165 \u00b0 N 109.0013 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 42.6165 ; - 109.0013 \ufeff ( Atlantic Peak ) 145 Specimen Mountain Colorado Front Range 12,494 ft 3808 m 1,731 ft 528 m 4.70 mi 7.56 km 40 \u00b0 26 \u2032 42 '' N 105 \u00b0 48 \u2032 29 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.4449 \u00b0 N 105.8081 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.4449 ; - 105.8081 \ufeff ( Specimen Mountain ) 146 Baldy Mountain New Mexico Cimarron Range 12,445 ft 3793.3 m 2,701 ft 823 m 11.33 mi 18.24 km 36 \u00b0 37 \u2032 48 '' N 105 \u00b0 12 \u2032 48 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.6299 \u00b0 N 105.2134 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.6299 ; - 105.2134 \ufeff ( Baldy Mountain ) 147 East Beckwith Mountain Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,441 ft 3792.1 m 2,492 ft 760 m 6.24 mi 10.05 km 38 \u00b0 50 \u2032 47 '' N 107 \u00b0 13 \u2032 24 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8464 \u00b0 N 107.2233 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.8464 ; - 107.2233 \ufeff ( East Beckwith Mountain ) 148 Knobby Crest Colorado Kenosha Mountains 12,434 ft 3790 m 1,759 ft 536 m 8.27 mi 13.31 km 39 \u00b0 22 \u2032 05 '' N 105 \u00b0 36 \u2032 18 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.3681 \u00b0 N 105.6050 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.3681 ; - 105.6050 \ufeff ( Knobby Crest ) 149 Bison Peak Colorado Tarryall Mountains 12,432 ft 3789.4 m 2,451 ft 747 m 18.23 mi 29.3 km 39 \u00b0 14 \u2032 18 '' N 105 \u00b0 29 \u2032 52 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.2384 \u00b0 N 105.4978 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.2384 ; - 105.4978 \ufeff ( Bison Peak ) 150 Anthracite Peak Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,394 ft 3777.8 m 2,125 ft 648 m 4.77 mi 7.68 km 38 \u00b0 48 \u2032 52 '' N 107 \u00b0 08 \u2032 40 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8145 \u00b0 N 107.1445 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.8145 ; - 107.1445 \ufeff ( Anthracite Peak ) 151 Matchless Mountain Colorado Elk Mountains 12,389 ft 3776 m 1,763 ft 537 m 7.87 mi 12.67 km 38 \u00b0 50 \u2032 02 '' N 106 \u00b0 38 \u2032 42 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8340 \u00b0 N 106.6451 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.8340 ; - 106.6451 \ufeff ( Matchless Mountain ) 152 Flat Top Mountain Colorado Flat Tops 12,361 ft 3767.7 m 4,054 ft 1236 m 40.8 mi 65.6 km 40 \u00b0 00 \u2032 53 '' N 107 \u00b0 05 \u2032 00 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.0147 \u00b0 N 107.0833 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.0147 ; - 107.0833 \ufeff ( Flat Top Mountain ) 153 Mount Nystrom Wyoming Wind River Range 12,361 ft 3767.5 m 1,816 ft 554 m 4.92 mi 7.92 km 42 \u00b0 38 \u2032 30 '' N 109 \u00b0 05 \u2032 38 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.6418 \u00b0 N 109.0939 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 42.6418 ; - 109.0939 \ufeff ( Mount Nystrom ) 154 Moby Dick ( Alaska ) Alaska Alaska Range 12,360 ft 3767 m 2,910 ft 887 m 4.78 mi 7.70 km 63 \u00b0 33 \u2032 22 '' N 146 \u00b0 36 \u2032 09 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.5561 \u00b0 N 146.6026 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.5561 ; - 146.6026 \ufeff ( Moby Dick ) 155 Greenhorn Mountain Colorado Wet Mountains 12,352 ft 3765.0 m 3,777 ft 1151 m 25.2 mi 40.6 km 37 \u00b0 52 \u2032 53 '' N 105 \u00b0 00 \u2032 48 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8815 \u00b0 N 105.0133 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.8815 ; - 105.0133 \ufeff ( Greenhorn Mountain ) 156 Elliott Mountain Colorado San Miguel Mountains 12,346 ft 3763 m 2,240 ft 683 m 5.13 mi 8.26 km 37 \u00b0 44 \u2032 04 '' N 108 \u00b0 03 \u2032 29 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7344 \u00b0 N 108.0580 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.7344 ; - 108.0580 \ufeff ( Elliott Mountain ) 157 Mount Deborah Alaska Alaska Range 12,339 ft 3761 m 5,189 ft 1582 m 16.08 mi 25.9 km 63 \u00b0 38 \u2032 16 '' N 147 \u00b0 14 \u2032 18 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.6377 \u00b0 N 147.2384 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.6377 ; - 147.2384 \ufeff ( Mount Deborah ) 158 Twin Peaks California Sierra Nevada 12,329 ft 3758 m 2,143 ft 653 m 4.78 mi 7.70 km 38 \u00b0 05 \u2032 01 '' N 119 \u00b0 21 \u2032 32 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.0836 \u00b0 N 119.3588 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.0836 ; - 119.3588 \ufeff ( Twin Peaks ) 159 Carter Mountain Wyoming Absaroka Range 12,324 ft 3756.4 m 1,699 ft 518 m 16.68 mi 26.8 km 44 \u00b0 11 \u2032 50 '' N 109 \u00b0 24 \u2032 40 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.1972 \u00b0 N 109.4112 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 44.1972 ; - 109.4112 \ufeff ( Carter Mountain ) 160 Parkview Mountain Colorado Rabbit Ears Range 12,301 ft 3749.4 m 2,676 ft 816 m 9.36 mi 15.07 km 40 \u00b0 19 \u2032 49 '' N 106 \u00b0 08 \u2032 11 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.3303 \u00b0 N 106.1363 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.3303 ; - 106.1363 \ufeff ( Parkview Mountain ) 161 Cornwall Mountain Colorado San Juan Mountains 12,291 ft 3746 m 1,744 ft 532 m 5.20 mi 8.37 km 37 \u00b0 22 \u2032 52 '' N 106 \u00b0 29 \u2032 31 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3811 \u00b0 N 106.4920 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.3811 ; - 106.4920 \ufeff ( Cornwall Mountain ) 162 Mount Adams Washington Cascade Range 12,281 ft 3743.4 m 8,136 ft 2480 m 45.8 mi 73.6 km 46 \u00b0 12 \u2032 09 '' N 121 \u00b0 29 \u2032 27 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 46.2024 \u00b0 N 121.4909 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 46.2024 ; - 121.4909 \ufeff ( Mount Adams ) 163 Trout Peak Wyoming Absaroka Range 12,250 ft 3733.7 m 3,704 ft 1129 m 28.4 mi 45.7 km 44 \u00b0 36 \u2032 04 '' N 109 \u00b0 31 \u2032 31 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.6012 \u00b0 N 109.5253 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 44.6012 ; - 109.5253 \ufeff ( Trout Peak ) 164 Mount Huntington Alaska Alaska Range 12,240 ft 3731 m 2,890 ft 881 m 3.88 mi 6.24 km 62 \u00b0 58 \u2032 04 '' N 150 \u00b0 53 \u2032 59 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.9677 \u00b0 N 150.8996 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 62.9677 ; - 150.8996 \ufeff ( Mount Huntington ) 165 Mount Huxley Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,216 ft 3723 m 2,066 ft 630 m 5.49 mi 8.84 km 60 \u00b0 19 \u2032 40 '' N 141 \u00b0 09 \u2032 19 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.3279 \u00b0 N 141.1554 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.3279 ; - 141.1554 \ufeff ( Mount Huxley ) 166 Diamond Peak Idaho Lemhi Range 12,202 ft 3719.3 m 5,387 ft 1642 m 31.8 mi 51.2 km 44 \u00b0 08 \u2032 29 '' N 113 \u00b0 04 \u2032 58 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.1414 \u00b0 N 113.0827 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 44.1414 ; - 113.0827 \ufeff ( Diamond Peak ) 167 Mount Jordan Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,190 ft 3716 m 2,340 ft 713 m 7.08 mi 11.40 km 61 \u00b0 23 \u2032 55 '' N 141 \u00b0 28 \u2032 12 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3987 \u00b0 N 141.4700 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.3987 ; - 141.4700 \ufeff ( Mount Jordan ) 168 Mount Zirkel Colorado Park Range 12,185 ft 3714 m 3,470 ft 1058 m 37.7 mi 60.6 km 40 \u00b0 49 \u2032 53 '' N 106 \u00b0 39 \u2032 47 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.8313 \u00b0 N 106.6631 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.8313 ; - 106.6631 \ufeff ( Mount Zirkel ) 169 Delano Peak Utah Tushar Mountains 12,174 ft 3710.7 m 4,709 ft 1435 m 112.1 mi 180.5 km 38 \u00b0 22 \u2032 09 '' N 112 \u00b0 22 \u2032 17 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.3692 \u00b0 N 112.3714 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.3692 ; - 112.3714 \ufeff ( Delano Peak ) 170 Mount Salisbury Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,170 ft 3709 m 4,020 ft 1225 m 3.04 mi 4.90 km 58 \u00b0 51 \u2032 02 '' N 137 \u00b0 22 \u2032 19 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.8505 \u00b0 N 137.3719 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 58.8505 ; - 137.3719 \ufeff ( Mount Salisbury ) 171 Crested Butte Colorado Elk Mountains 12,168 ft 3709 m 2,582 ft 787 m 4.65 mi 7.49 km 38 \u00b0 53 \u2032 01 '' N 106 \u00b0 56 \u2032 37 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8835 \u00b0 N 106.9436 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.8835 ; - 106.9436 \ufeff ( Crested Butte ) 172 Younts Peak Wyoming Absaroka Range 12,166 ft 3708.3 m 2,241 ft 683 m 12.70 mi 20.4 km 43 \u00b0 58 \u2032 55 '' N 109 \u00b0 51 \u2032 59 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.9820 \u00b0 N 109.8665 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 43.9820 ; - 109.8665 \ufeff ( Younts Peak ) 173 Sawtooth Mountain Colorado La Garita Mountains 12,153 ft 3704.2 m 1,927 ft 587 m 16.73 mi 26.9 km 38 \u00b0 16 \u2032 26 '' N 106 \u00b0 52 \u2032 01 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.2740 \u00b0 N 106.8670 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.2740 ; - 106.8670 \ufeff ( Sawtooth Mountain ) 174 Olancha Peak California Sierra Nevada 12,132 ft 3697.8 m 3,103 ft 946 m 14.84 mi 23.9 km 36 \u00b0 15 \u2032 55 '' N 118 \u00b0 07 \u2032 06 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.2652 \u00b0 N 118.1182 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.2652 ; - 118.1182 \ufeff ( Olancha Peak ) 175 Mount Mather Alaska Alaska Range 12,123 ft 3695 m 2,873 ft 876 m 9.27 mi 14.92 km 63 \u00b0 11 \u2032 41 '' N 150 \u00b0 26 \u2032 10 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.1946 \u00b0 N 150.4362 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.1946 ; - 150.4362 \ufeff ( Mount Mather ) 176 Park Cone Colorado Sawatch Range 12,106 ft 3690 m 2,040 ft 622 m 3.44 mi 5.53 km 38 \u00b0 47 \u2032 48 '' N 106 \u00b0 36 \u2032 10 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7967 \u00b0 N 106.6028 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.7967 ; - 106.6028 \ufeff ( Park Cone ) 177 Ibapah Peak Utah Deep Creek Range 12,092 ft 3686 m 5,267 ft 1605 m 61.2 mi 98.5 km 39 \u00b0 49 \u2032 42 '' N 113 \u00b0 55 \u2032 12 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.8282 \u00b0 N 113.9200 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.8282 ; - 113.9200 \ufeff ( Ibapah Peak ) 178 Carbon Peak Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,088 ft 3684.3 m 2,179 ft 664 m 3.92 mi 6.31 km 38 \u00b0 47 \u2032 39 '' N 107 \u00b0 02 \u2032 35 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7943 \u00b0 N 107.0431 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.7943 ; - 107.0431 \ufeff ( Carbon Peak ) 179 Glover Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 12,072 ft 3680 m 1,706 ft 520 m 2.49 mi 4.00 km 43 \u00b0 09 \u2032 32 '' N 109 \u00b0 45 \u2032 56 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.1589 \u00b0 N 109.7656 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 43.1589 ; - 109.7656 \ufeff ( Glover Peak ) 180 Mount Moriah Nevada Snake Range 12,072 ft 3679.6 m 4,909 ft 1496 m 20.3 mi 32.7 km 39 \u00b0 16 \u2032 24 '' N 114 \u00b0 11 \u2032 56 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.2732 \u00b0 N 114.1988 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.2732 ; - 114.1988 \ufeff ( Mount Moriah ) 181 Mount Guero Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,058 ft 3675.4 m 2,432 ft 741 m 6.38 mi 10.27 km 38 \u00b0 43 \u2032 11 '' N 107 \u00b0 23 \u2032 10 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7196 \u00b0 N 107.3861 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.7196 ; - 107.3861 \ufeff ( Mount Guero ) 182 Siris Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,050 ft 3673 m 2,600 ft 792 m 16.05 mi 25.8 km 60 \u00b0 44 \u2032 02 '' N 141 \u00b0 00 \u2032 50 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.7340 \u00b0 N 141.0138 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.7340 ; - 141.0138 \ufeff ( Siris Peak ) 183 Red Table Mountain Colorado Sawatch Range 12,043 ft 3670.7 m 2,017 ft 615 m 7.88 mi 12.68 km 39 \u00b0 25 \u2032 05 '' N 106 \u00b0 46 \u2032 16 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4181 \u00b0 N 106.7712 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.4181 ; - 106.7712 \ufeff ( Red Table Mountain ) 184 Chalk Benchmark Colorado San Juan Mountains 12,038 ft 3669.3 m 1,971 ft 601 m 7.26 mi 11.68 km 37 \u00b0 08 \u2032 30 '' N 106 \u00b0 45 \u2032 00 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.1418 \u00b0 N 106.7500 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.1418 ; - 106.7500 \ufeff ( Chalk Benchmark ) 185 Medicine Bow Peak Wyoming Medicine Bow Mountains 12,016 ft 3662.4 m 3,243 ft 988 m 40.6 mi 65.4 km 41 \u00b0 21 \u2032 37 '' N 106 \u00b0 19 \u2032 03 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 41.3603 \u00b0 N 106.3176 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 41.3603 ; - 106.3176 \ufeff ( Medicine Bow Peak ) 186 Mount Witherspoon Alaska Chugach Mountains 12,012 ft 3661 m 2,162 ft 659 m 5.98 mi 9.63 km 61 \u00b0 23 \u2032 43 '' N 147 \u00b0 12 \u2032 04 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3954 \u00b0 N 147.2010 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.3954 ; - 147.2010 \ufeff ( Mount Witherspoon ) 187 Mount Zwischen Colorado Sangre de Cristo Mountains 12,011 ft 3661 m 2,266 ft 691 m 4.44 mi 7.14 km 37 \u00b0 47 \u2032 29 '' N 105 \u00b0 27 \u2032 19 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7913 \u00b0 N 105.4554 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.7913 ; - 105.4554 \ufeff ( Mount Zwischen ) 188 Mount Drum Alaska Wrangell Mountains 12,010 ft 3661 m 6,760 ft 2060 m 17.73 mi 28.5 km 62 \u00b0 06 \u2032 57 '' N 144 \u00b0 38 \u2032 22 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.1159 \u00b0 N 144.6394 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 62.1159 ; - 144.6394 \ufeff ( Mount Drum ) 189 Little Cone Colorado San Miguel Mountains 11,988 ft 3654.0 m 1,840 ft 561 m 5.19 mi 8.35 km 37 \u00b0 55 \u2032 39 '' N 108 \u00b0 05 \u2032 27 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9275 \u00b0 N 108.0908 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 37.9275 ; - 108.0908 \ufeff ( Little Cone ) 190 Sierra Blanca Peak New Mexico Sacramento Mountains 11,981 ft 3651.8 m 5,553 ft 1693 m 165.7 mi 267 km 33 \u00b0 22 \u2032 27 '' N 105 \u00b0 48 \u2032 31 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 33.3743 \u00b0 N 105.8087 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 33.3743 ; - 105.8087 \ufeff ( Sierra Blanca Peak ) 191 Mount Hope Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 11,950 ft 3642 m 2,000 ft 610 m 2.64 mi 4.25 km 60 \u00b0 42 \u2032 14 '' N 141 \u00b0 03 \u2032 41 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.7039 \u00b0 N 141.0614 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.7039 ; - 141.0614 \ufeff ( Mount Hope ) 192 Mount Jefferson Nevada Toquima Range 11,946 ft 3641 m 5,871 ft 1789 m 98.6 mi 158.7 km 38 \u00b0 45 \u2032 07 '' N 116 \u00b0 55 \u2032 36 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7519 \u00b0 N 116.9267 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.7519 ; - 116.9267 \ufeff ( Mount Jefferson ) 193 Hess Mountain Alaska Alaska Range 11,940 ft 3639 m 2,490 ft 759 m 2.78 mi 4.47 km 63 \u00b0 38 \u2032 18 '' N 147 \u00b0 08 \u2032 54 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.6382 \u00b0 N 147.1482 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.6382 ; - 147.1482 \ufeff ( Hess Mountain ) Mount Brooks Alaska Alaska Range 11,940 ft 3639 m 1,790 ft 546 m 5.03 mi 8.09 km 63 \u00b0 11 \u2032 15 '' N 150 \u00b0 38 \u2032 52 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.1875 \u00b0 N 150.6479 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 63.1875 ; - 150.6479 \ufeff ( Mount Brooks ) 195 Cerro Vista New Mexico Sangre de Cristo Mountains 11,937 ft 3638.3 m 2,519 ft 768 m 14.19 mi 22.8 km 36 \u00b0 14 \u2032 07 '' N 105 \u00b0 24 \u2032 39 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.2353 \u00b0 N 105.4108 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.2353 ; - 105.4108 \ufeff ( Cerro Vista ) 196 Mount Nebo Utah Wasatch Range 11,933 ft 3637 m 5,508 ft 1679 m 75.6 mi 121.6 km 39 \u00b0 49 \u2032 19 '' N 111 \u00b0 45 \u2032 37 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.8219 \u00b0 N 111.7603 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 39.8219 ; - 111.7603 \ufeff ( Mount Nebo ) 197 The Grand Parapet Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 11,930 ft 3636 m 2,180 ft 664 m 5.26 mi 8.47 km 61 \u00b0 24 \u2032 37 '' N 142 \u00b0 01 \u2032 36 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.4103 \u00b0 N 142.0266 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.4103 ; - 142.0266 \ufeff ( The Grand Parapet ) 198 Lituya Mountain Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 11,924 ft 3634 m 3,674 ft 1120 m 3.90 mi 6.27 km 58 \u00b0 48 \u2032 19 '' N 137 \u00b0 26 \u2032 12 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.8054 \u00b0 N 137.4367 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 58.8054 ; - 137.4367 \ufeff ( Lituya Mountain ) Haydon Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 11,924 ft 3634 m 1,674 ft 510 m 2.97 mi 4.78 km 60 \u00b0 15 \u2032 38 '' N 140 \u00b0 59 \u2032 17 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.2606 \u00b0 N 140.9881 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.2606 ; - 140.9881 \ufeff ( Haydon Peak ) 200 Charleston Peak ( Mount Charleston ) Nevada Spring Mountains 11,916 ft 3632.0 m 8,258 ft 2517 m 135.1 mi 218 km 36 \u00b0 16 \u2032 18 '' N 115 \u00b0 41 \u2032 44 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.2716 \u00b0 N 115.6956 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.2716 ; - 115.6956 \ufeff ( Charleston Peak )","sentences":["The 200 highest summits of the United States with at least 500 meters of topographic prominence Rank Mountain Peak State Mountain Range Elevation Prominence Isolation Location Denali Alaska Alaska Range 20,310 ft 6190.5 m 20,146 ft 6141 m 4,629 mi 7,450 km 63 \u00b0 04 \u2032 08 ''","N 151 \u00b0 00","\u2032 23 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.0690 \u00b0 N 151.0063 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.0690 ; - 151.0063 \ufeff ( Denali ) Mount Saint Elias Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 18,009 ft 5489 m 11,250 ft 3429 m 25.6 mi 41.3 km 60 \u00b0 17 \u2032 34 ''","N 140 \u00b0 55 \u2032 51 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.2927 \u00b0 N 140.9307 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 60.2927 ; - 140.9307 \ufeff ( Mount Saint Elias ) Mount Foraker Alaska Alaska Range 17,400 ft 5304 m 7,250 ft 2210 m 14.27 mi 23.0 km 62 \u00b0 57 \u2032 37 '' N 151 \u00b0 23 \u2032 59 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.9604 \u00b0 N 151.3998 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 62.9604 ; - 151.3998 \ufeff ( Mount Foraker )","Mount Bona Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 16,550 ft 5044 m 6,900 ft 2103 m 49.7 mi 80.0 km 61 \u00b0 23","\u2032 08 ''","N 141 \u00b0 44 \u2032 58 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3856 \u00b0 N 141.7495 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.3856 ; - 141.7495 \ufeff ( Mount Bona ) 5 Mount Blackburn Alaska Wrangell Mountains 16,390 ft 4996 m 11,640 ft 3548 m 60.7 mi 97.6 km 61 \u00b0 43 \u2032 50 '' N 143 \u00b0 24 \u2032 11 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.7305 \u00b0","N 143.4031 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.7305 ; - 143.4031 \ufeff ( Mount Blackburn ) 6 Mount Sanford Alaska Wrangell Mountains 16,237 ft 4949 m 7,687 ft 2343 m 40.3 mi 64.8 km 62 \u00b0 12 \u2032 48 '' N 144 \u00b0 07 \u2032 45 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.2132 \u00b0 N 144.1292 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 62.2132 ; - 144.1292 \ufeff ( Mount Sanford )","7 Mount Fairweather ( Fairweather Mountain )","Alaska British Columbia Saint Elias Mountains 15,325 ft 4671 m 12,995 ft 3961 m 124.4 mi 200 km 58 \u00b0 54 \u2032 23 '' N 137 \u00b0 31 \u2032 35 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.9064 \u00b0 N 137.5265 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 58.9064 ; - 137.5265 \ufeff ( Mount Fairweather ) 8 Mount Hubbard Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 14,951 ft 4557 m 8,061 ft 2457 m 21.3 mi 34.4 km 60 \u00b0 19 \u2032 10 ''","N 139 \u00b0 04","\u2032 21 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.3194 \u00b0","N 139.0726 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 60.3194 ; - 139.0726 \ufeff ( Mount Hubbard ) 9 Mount Bear Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 14,831 ft 4520 m 5,054 ft 1540 m 20.1 mi 32.4 km 61 \u00b0 17 \u2032 00 ''","N 141 \u00b0 08","\u2032 36 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.2834 \u00b0","N 141.1433 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.2834 ; - 141.1433 \ufeff ( Mount Bear ) 10 Mount Hunter Alaska Alaska Range 14,573 ft 4442 m","4,653 ft 1418 m 6.88 mi 11.07 km 62 \u00b0 57 \u2032 01 ''","N 151 \u00b0 05 \u2032 29 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.9504 \u00b0 N 151.0915 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 62.9504 ; - 151.0915 \ufeff ( Mount Hunter )","11 Mount Whitney California Sierra Nevada 14,505 ft 4421.0 m 10,080 ft 3072 m 1,646 mi 2,649 km 36 \u00b0 34 \u2032 43 ''","N 118 \u00b0 17 \u2032 31 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.5786 \u00b0 N 118.2920 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.5786 ; - 118.2920 \ufeff ( Mount Whitney ) 12 Mount Alverstone ( Boundary Point 180 )","Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 14,500 ft 4420 m 1,950 ft 594 m 2.25 mi 3.62 km 60 \u00b0 21 \u2032 06 ''","N 139 \u00b0 04 \u2032 30 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.3518 \u00b0 N 139.0749","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 60.3518 ; - 139.0749 \ufeff ( Mount Alverstone ) 13","University Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 14,470 ft 4410 m 3,210 ft 978 m 3.71 mi 5.97 km 61 \u00b0 19 \u2032 38 ''","N 141 \u00b0 47","\u2032 12 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3272 \u00b0 N 141.7867 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.3272 ; - 141.7867 \ufeff ( University Peak ) 14 Mount Elbert Colorado Sawatch Range 14,440 ft 4401.2 m 9,093 ft 2772 m 671 mi 1,079 km 39 \u00b0 07 \u2032 04 ''","N 106 \u00b0 26 \u2032 43 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.1178 \u00b0 N 106.4454 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.1178 ; - 106.4454 \ufeff ( Mount Elbert ) 15 Mount Massive Colorado Sawatch Range 14,428 ft 4398 m 1,961 ft 598 m 5.06 mi 8.14 km 39 \u00b0 11 \u2032 15 '' N 106 \u00b0 28 \u2032 33 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.1875 \u00b0 N 106.4757 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.1875 ; - 106.4757 \ufeff ( Mount Massive )","16 Mount Harvard Colorado Sawatch Range 14,421 ft 4395.6 m 2,360 ft 719 m 14.92 mi 24.0 km 38 \u00b0 55 \u2032 28 ''","N 106 \u00b0 19 \u2032 15 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.9244 \u00b0","N 106.3207 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.9244 ; - 106.3207 \ufeff ( Mount Harvard )","17 Mount Rainier Washington Cascade Range 14,417 ft 4394 m 13,210 ft 4026 m 731 mi 1,177 km 46 \u00b0 51 \u2032 10 '' N 121 \u00b0 45 \u2032 37 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 46.8529 \u00b0 N 121.7604 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 46.8529 ; - 121.7604 \ufeff ( Mount Rainier )","18 Mount Williamson California Sierra Nevada 14,379 ft 4383 m 1,676 ft 511 m 5.41 mi 8.70 km 36 \u00b0 39 \u2032 21 '' N 118 \u00b0 18 \u2032 40 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.6559 \u00b0","N 118.3111 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.6559 ; - 118.3111 \ufeff ( Mount Williamson ) 19","Blanca Peak Colorado Sangre de Cristo Mountains 14,351 ft 4374 m 5,326 ft 1623 m 103.4 mi 166.4 km 37 \u00b0 34 \u2032 39 ''","N 105 \u00b0 29 \u2032 08 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.5775 \u00b0","N 105.4856 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.5775 ; - 105.4856 \ufeff ( Blanca Peak ) 20 La Plata Peak Colorado Sawatch Range 14,343 ft 4372 m 1,836 ft 560 m 6.28 mi 10.11 km 39 \u00b0 01","\u2032 46 ''","N 106 \u00b0 28 \u2032 22 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0294 \u00b0 N 106.4729","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.0294 ; - 106.4729 \ufeff ( La Plata Peak ) 21 Uncompahgre Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 14,321 ft 4365.0 m 4,277 ft 1304 m 85.0 mi 136.8 km 38 \u00b0 04 \u2032 18 ''","N 107 \u00b0 27 \u2032 44 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.0717 \u00b0 N 107.4621 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.0717 ; - 107.4621 \ufeff ( Uncompahgre Peak ) 22","Crestone Peak Colorado Sangre de Cristo Range 14,300 ft 4359 m 4,554 ft 1388 m 27.4 mi 44.0 km 37 \u00b0 58 \u2032 01 ''","N 105 \u00b0 35 \u2032 08 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9669 \u00b0 N 105.5855 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.9669 ; - 105.5855 \ufeff ( Crestone Peak )","23 Mount Lincoln Colorado Mosquito Range 14,293 ft 4356.5 m 3,862 ft 1177 m 22.5 mi 36.2 km 39 \u00b0 21 \u2032 05 ''","N 106 \u00b0 06","\u2032 42 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.3515 \u00b0","N 106.1116 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.3515 ; - 106.1116 \ufeff ( Mount Lincoln )","24 Castle Peak Colorado Elk Mountains 14,279 ft 4352.2 m 2,365 ft 721 m 20.9 mi 33.6 km 39 \u00b0 00","\u2032 35 '' N 106 \u00b0 51 \u2032 41 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0097 \u00b0 N 106.8614 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.0097 ; - 106.8614 \ufeff ( Castle Peak ) 25 Grays Peak Colorado Front Range 14,278 ft 4352 m 2,770 ft 844 m 25.0 mi 40.2 km 39 \u00b0 38 \u2032 02 ''","N 105 \u00b0 49 \u2032 03 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.6339 \u00b0 N 105.8176 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.6339 ; - 105.8176 \ufeff ( Grays Peak ) 26","Mount Antero Colorado Sawatch Range 14,276 ft 4351.4 m 2,503 ft 763 m 17.67 mi 28.4 km 38 \u00b0 40 \u2032 27 '' N 106 \u00b0 14 \u2032 46 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.6741 \u00b0 N 106.2462 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.6741 ; - 106.2462 \ufeff ( Mount Antero )","27 Mount Evans Colorado Front Range 14,271 ft 4350 m 2,770 ft 844 m 9.79 mi 15.76 km 39 \u00b0 35 \u2032 18 ''","N 105 \u00b0 38 \u2032 38 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.5883 \u00b0 N 105.6438 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.5883 ; - 105.6438 \ufeff ( Mount Evans )","28 Longs Peak Colorado Front Range 14,259 ft 4346 m 2,940 ft 896 m 43.6 mi 70.2 km 40 \u00b0 15 \u2032 18 ''","N 105 \u00b0 36 \u2032 54 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.2550 \u00b0 N 105.6151 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.2550 ; - 105.6151 \ufeff ( Longs Peak ) 29 Mount Wilson Colorado San Miguel Mountains 14,252 ft 4344 m 4,024 ft 1227 m 33.0 mi 53.1 km 37 \u00b0 50 \u2032 21 ''","N 107 \u00b0 59 \u2032 30 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8391 \u00b0 N 107.9916 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.8391 ; - 107.9916 \ufeff ( Mount Wilson ) 30 White Mountain Peak California White Mountains 14,252 ft 4344.0 m 7,196 ft 2193 m 67.4 mi 108.6 km 37 \u00b0 38 \u2032 03 '' N 118 \u00b0 15 \u2032 21 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6341 \u00b0 N 118.2557 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.6341 ; - 118.2557 \ufeff ( White Mountain Peak )","31 North Palisade California Sierra Nevada 14,248 ft 4343 m 2,894 ft 882 m 32.2 mi 51.8 km 37 \u00b0 05 \u2032 39 ''","N 118 \u00b0 30 \u2032 52 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.0943 \u00b0 N 118.5145 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.0943 ; - 118.5145 \ufeff ( North Palisade )","32 Mount Princeton Colorado Sawatch Range 14,204 ft 4329.3 m 2,177 ft 664 m 5.19 mi 8.36 km 38 \u00b0 44 \u2032 57 ''","N 106 \u00b0 14 \u2032 33 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7492 \u00b0 N 106.2424 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.7492 ; - 106.2424 \ufeff ( Mount Princeton ) 33 Mount Yale Colorado Sawatch Range 14,200 ft 4328.2 m 1,896 ft 578 m 5.55 mi 8.93 km 38 \u00b0 50 \u2032 39 '' N 106 \u00b0 18 \u2032 50 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8442 \u00b0 N 106.3138 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.8442 ; - 106.3138 \ufeff ( Mount Yale )","34 Mount Shasta California Cascade Range 14,179 ft 4321.8 m 9,772 ft 2979 m 335 mi 539 km 41 \u00b0 24 \u2032 33 ''","N 122 \u00b0 11 \u2032 42 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 41.4092 \u00b0","N 122.1949 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 41.4092 ; - 122.1949 \ufeff ( Mount Shasta ) 35 Maroon Peak Colorado Elk Mountains 14,163 ft 4317.0 m 2,336 ft 712 m 8.06 mi 12.97 km 39 \u00b0 04 \u2032 15 '' N 106 \u00b0 59 \u2032 20 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0708 \u00b0 N 106.9890 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.0708 ; - 106.9890 \ufeff ( Maroon Peak ) 36 Mount Wrangell Alaska Wrangell Mountains 14,163 ft 4317 m 5,613 ft 1711 m 14.79 mi 23.8 km 62 \u00b0 00","\u2032 21 '' N 144 \u00b0 01 \u2032 07 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.0059 \u00b0 N 144.0187 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 62.0059 ; - 144.0187 \ufeff ( Mount Wrangell )","37 Mount Sneffels Colorado Sneffels Range 14,158 ft 4315.4 m 3,050 ft 930 m 15.71 mi 25.3 km 38 \u00b0 00","\u2032 14 ''","N 107 \u00b0 47","\u2032 32 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.0038 \u00b0 N 107.7923 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.0038 ; - 107.7923 \ufeff ( Mount Sneffels )","38 Capitol Peak Colorado Elk Mountains 14,137 ft 4309 m 1,750 ft 533 m 7.44 mi 11.98 km 39 \u00b0 09 \u2032 01 ''","N 107 \u00b0 04","\u2032 58 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.1503 \u00b0 N 107.0829 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.1503 ; - 107.0829 \ufeff ( Capitol Peak ) 39 Pikes Peak Colorado Front Range 14,115 ft 4302.31 m 5,530 ft 1686 m 60.6 mi 97.6 km 38 \u00b0 50 \u2032 26 ''","N 105","\u00b0 02 \u2032 39 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8405 \u00b0 N 105.0442","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.8405 ; - 105.0442 \ufeff ( Pikes Peak ) 40","Windom Peak Colorado Needle Mountains 14,093 ft 4296 m 2,187 ft 667 m 26.3 mi 42.4 km 37 \u00b0 37 \u2032 16 ''","N 107 \u00b0 35 \u2032 31 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6212 \u00b0 N 107.5919 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.6212 ; - 107.5919 \ufeff ( Windom Peak )","41 Mount Augusta Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 14,070 ft 4289 m 5,082 ft 1549 m 14.41 mi 23.2 km 60 \u00b0 18 \u2032 27 ''","N 140 \u00b0 27 \u2032 30 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.3074 \u00b0 N 140.4584 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 60.3074 ; - 140.4584 \ufeff ( Mount Augusta ) 42 Handies Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 14,058 ft 4284.8 m 1,908 ft 582 m 11.18 mi 18.00 km 37 \u00b0 54 \u2032 47 ''","N 107 \u00b0 30 \u2032 16 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9130 \u00b0 N 107.5044 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.9130 ; - 107.5044 \ufeff ( Handies Peak ) 43 Culebra Peak Colorado Culebra Range 14,053 ft 4283 m 4,827 ft 1471 m 35.4 mi 56.9 km 37 \u00b0 07 \u2032 21 ''","N 105 \u00b0 11 \u2032 09 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.1224 \u00b0","N 105.1858 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.1224 ; - 105.1858 \ufeff ( Culebra Peak ) 44","San Luis Peak Colorado La Garita Mountains 14,022 ft 4273.8 m 3,113 ft 949 m 26.9 mi 43.4 km 37 \u00b0 59 \u2032 12 '' N 106 \u00b0 55 \u2032 53 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9868 \u00b0 N 106.9313 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.9868 ; - 106.9313 \ufeff ( San Luis Peak ) 45 Mount of the Holy Cross Colorado Sawatch Range 14,011 ft 4270.5 m 2,113 ft 644 m 18.41 mi 29.6 km 39 \u00b0 28 \u2032 00 ''","N 106 \u00b0 28 \u2032 54 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4668 \u00b0 N 106.4817","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.4668 ; - 106.4817 \ufeff ( Mount of the Holy Cross )","46 Grizzly Peak Colorado Sawatch Range 13,995 ft 4265.6 m 1,928 ft 588 m 6.77 mi 10.89 km 39 \u00b0 02 \u2032 33 '' N 106 \u00b0 35 \u2032 51 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0425 \u00b0 N 106.5976 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.0425 ; - 106.5976 \ufeff ( Grizzly Peak ) 47 Mount Humphreys California Sierra Nevada 13,992 ft 4265 m 2,563 ft 781 m 14.71 mi 23.7 km 37 \u00b0 16 \u2032 14 '' N 118 \u00b0 40 \u2032 23 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.2705 \u00b0 N 118.6730 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.2705 ; - 118.6730 \ufeff ( Mount Humphreys )","48 Mount Keith California Sierra Nevada 13,982 ft 4262 m 1,936","ft 590 m 3.09 mi 4.97 km 36 \u00b0 42 \u2032 00 ''","N 118 \u00b0 20 \u2032 37 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.7001 \u00b0 N 118.3436 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.7001 ; - 118.3436 \ufeff ( Mount Keith )","49 Mount Ouray Colorado Sawatch Range 13,961 ft 4255.4 m 2,659 ft 810 m 13.58 mi 21.9 km 38 \u00b0 25 \u2032 22 '' N 106 \u00b0 13 \u2032 29 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.4227 \u00b0 N 106.2247","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.4227 ; - 106.2247 \ufeff ( Mount Ouray )","50 Vermilion Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,900 ft 4237 m 2,105 ft 642 m 9.07 mi 14.60 km 37 \u00b0 47","\u2032 57 ''","N 107 \u00b0 49 \u2032 43 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7993 \u00b0 N 107.8285 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.7993 ; - 107.8285 \ufeff ( Vermilion Peak ) 51","Atna Peaks Alaska Wrangell Mountains 13,860 ft 4225 m 2,210","ft 674 m 3.64 mi 5.86 km 61 \u00b0 44 \u2032 58 ''","N 143 \u00b0 14 \u2032 29 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.7495 \u00b0 N 143.2414 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.7495 ; - 143.2414 \ufeff ( Atna Peaks )","52 Regal Mountain Alaska Wrangell Mountains 13,845 ft 4220 m 4,395 ft 1340 m 12.25 mi 19.72 km 61 \u00b0 44 \u2032 38 '' N 142 \u00b0 52 \u2032 03 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.7438 \u00b0 N 142.8675 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.7438 ; - 142.8675 \ufeff ( Regal Mountain )","53 Mount Darwin California Sierra Nevada 13,837 ft 4218 m 1,891 ft 576 m 7.13 mi 11.48 km 37 \u00b0 10 \u2032 01 ''","N 118 \u00b0 40 \u2032 20 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.1669 \u00b0 N 118.6721 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.1669 ; - 118.6721 \ufeff ( Mount Darwin )","54 Mount Hayes Alaska Alaska Range 13,832 ft 4216 m 11,507 ft 3507 m 125.5 mi 202 km 63 \u00b0 37 \u2032 13 ''","N 146 \u00b0 43 \u2032 04 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.6203 \u00b0 N 146.7178 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.6203 ; - 146.7178 \ufeff ( Mount Hayes )","55 Mount Silverheels Colorado Front Range 13,829 ft 4215.0 m 2,283","ft 696 m 5.48 mi 8.82 km 39 \u00b0 20 \u2032 22 '' N 106 \u00b0 00","\u2032 19 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.3394 \u00b0","N 106.0054 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.3394 ; - 106.0054 \ufeff ( Mount Silverheels )","56 Rio Grande Pyramid Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,827 ft 4214.4 m 1,881 ft 573 m 10.76 mi 17.31 km 37 \u00b0 40 \u2032 47 ''","N 107 \u00b0 23 \u2032 33 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6797 \u00b0","N 107.3924 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.6797 ; - 107.3924 \ufeff ( Rio Grande Pyramid ) 57 Gannett Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 13,809 ft 4209.1 m 7,076","ft 2157 m 290 mi 467 km 43 \u00b0 11 \u2032 03 ''","N 109 \u00b0 39 \u2032 15 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.1842 \u00b0 N 109.6542 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 43.1842 ; - 109.6542 \ufeff ( Gannett Peak )","58 Mount Kaweah California Sierra Nevada 13,807 ft 4209 m 2,027","ft 618 m 10.73 mi 17.27 km 36 \u00b0 31 \u2032 34 ''","N 118 \u00b0 28 \u2032 43 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.5261 \u00b0 N 118.4785 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.5261 ; - 118.4785 \ufeff ( Mount Kaweah )","59 Mauna Kea Hawaii Island of Hawai \u02bbi 13,803 ft 4207.3 m 13,803 ft 4207 m 2,453 mi 3,947 km 19 \u00b0 49 \u2032 15 '' N 155 \u00b0 28 \u2032 05 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 19.8207 \u00b0 N","155.4681 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 19.8207 ; - 155.4681 \ufeff ( Mauna Kea )","60","Grand Teton Wyoming Teton Range 13,775 ft 4198.7 m 6,545 ft 1995 m 69.4 mi 111.6 km 43 \u00b0 44 \u2032 28 ''","N 110 \u00b0 48 \u2032 09 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.7412 \u00b0 N 110.8024 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 43.7412 ; - 110.8024 \ufeff ( Grand Teton )","61 Mount Cook Alaska Yukon Saint Elias Mountains 13,760 ft 4194 m 7,710 ft 2350 m 14.54 mi 23.4 km 60 \u00b0 10 \u2032 54 ''","N 139 \u00b0 58","\u2032 52 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.1816 \u00b0 N 139.9811 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 60.1816 ; - 139.9811 \ufeff ( Mount Cook ) 62 Mount Morgan California Sierra Nevada 13,758 ft 4193.4 m 2,648 ft 807 m 9.86 mi 15.87 km 37 \u00b0 24 \u2032 19 ''","N 118 \u00b0 43 \u2032 58 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.4053 \u00b0","N 118.7329 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.4053 ; - 118.7329 \ufeff ( Mount Morgan )","63 Mount Gabb California Sierra Nevada 13,747 ft 4190 m 2,601 ft 793 m 4.28 mi 6.89 km 37 \u00b0 22 \u2032 37 ''","N 118 \u00b0 48 \u2032 09 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3769 \u00b0","N 118.8025 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.3769 ; - 118.8025 \ufeff ( Mount Gabb ) 64 Bald Mountain Colorado Front Range 13,690 ft 4173 m 2,099 ft 640 m 7.51 mi 12.09 km 39 \u00b0 26 \u2032 41 ''","N 105 \u00b0 58 \u2032 14 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4448 \u00b0 N 105.9705 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.4448 ; - 105.9705 \ufeff ( Bald Mountain )","65 Mount Oso Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,690 ft 4173 m 1,664 ft 507 m 5.41 mi 8.71 km 37 \u00b0 36 \u2032 25 '' N 107 \u00b0 29 \u2032 37 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6070 \u00b0 N 107.4936 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.6070 ; - 107.4936 \ufeff ( Mount Oso )","66 Mauna Loa Hawaii Island of Hawai \u02bbi 13,679 ft 4169 m 7,099 ft 2164 m 25.4 mi 40.8 km 19 \u00b0 28 \u2032 32 '' N 155 \u00b0 36 \u2032 19 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 19.4756 \u00b0 N 155.6054 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 19.4756 ; - 155.6054 \ufeff ( Mauna Loa ) 67","Mount Jackson Colorado Sawatch Range 13,676 ft 4168.5 m 1,810 ft 552 m 3.21 mi 5.16 km 39 \u00b0 29 \u2032 07 ''","N 106 \u00b0 32 \u2032 12 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4853 \u00b0 N 106.5367 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.4853 ; - 106.5367 \ufeff ( Mount Jackson ) 68 Mount Tom California Sierra Nevada 13,657 ft 4163 m 1,992 ft 607 m 4.77 mi 7.67 km 37 \u00b0 22 \u2032 34 ''","N 119 \u00b0 10 \u2032 44 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3762 \u00b0 N 119.1789 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.3762 ; - 119.1789 \ufeff ( Mount Tom )","69 Bard Peak Colorado Front Range 13,647 ft 4159 m 1,701 ft 518 m 5.43 mi 8.74 km 39 \u00b0 43 \u2032 13 ''","N 105 \u00b0 48 \u2032 16 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.7204 \u00b0 N 105.8044 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.7204 ; - 105.8044 \ufeff ( Bard Peak ) 70 West Spanish Peak Colorado Spanish Peaks 13,631 ft 4155 m 3,686 ft 1123 m 19.87 mi 32.0 km 37 \u00b0 22 \u2032 32 '' N 104 \u00b0 59 \u2032 36 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3756 \u00b0 N 104.9934 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.3756 ; - 104.9934 \ufeff ( West Spanish Peak ) 71 Mount Powell Colorado Gore Range 13,586 ft 4141 m 3,000 ft 914 m 21.5 mi 34.6 km 39 \u00b0 45 \u2032 36 '' N 106 \u00b0 20 \u2032 27 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.7601 \u00b0","N 106.3407 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.7601 ; - 106.3407 \ufeff ( Mount Powell )","72 Hagues Peak Colorado Mummy Range 13,573 ft 4137 m 2,420 ft 738 m 15.70 mi 25.3 km 40 \u00b0 29 \u2032 04 ''","N 105 \u00b0 38 \u2032 47 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.4845 \u00b0 N 105.6464 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.4845 ; - 105.6464 \ufeff ( Hagues Peak )","73 Mount Dubois California White Mountains 13,565 ft 4135 m 2,339 ft 713 m 9.63 mi 15.50 km 37 \u00b0 47 \u2032 00 ''","N 118 \u00b0 20 \u2032 36 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7834 \u00b0 N 118.3432 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.7834 ; - 118.3432 \ufeff ( Mount Dubois )","74 Tower Mountain Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,558 ft 4132 m 1,652 ft 504 m 4.88 mi 7.86 km 37 \u00b0 51 \u2032 26 ''","N 107 \u00b0 37 \u2032 23 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8573 \u00b0 N 107.6230 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.8573 ; - 107.6230 \ufeff ( Tower Mountain )","75 Treasure Mountain Colorado Elk Mountains 13,535 ft 4125 m 2,828 ft 862 m 6.92 mi 11.13 km 39 \u00b0 01 \u2032 28 ''","N 107 \u00b0 07","\u2032 22 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0244 \u00b0","N 107.1228","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.0244 ; - 107.1228 \ufeff ( Treasure Mountain )","76 Kings Peak Utah Uinta Mountains 13,534 ft 4125 m 6,358 ft 1938 m 166.6 mi 268 km 40 \u00b0 46 \u2032 35 ''","N","110 \u00b0 22 \u2032 22 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.7763 \u00b0 N 110.3729 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.7763 ; - 110.3729 \ufeff ( Kings Peak ) 77","North Arapaho Peak Colorado Front Range 13,508 ft 4117 m 1,665 ft 507 m 15.38 mi 24.8 km 40 \u00b0 01","\u2032 35 ''","N 105 \u00b0 39 \u2032 01 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.0265 \u00b0 N 105.6504 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.0265 ; - 105.6504 \ufeff ( North Arapaho Peak ) 78","Mount Pinchot California Sierra Nevada 13,500 ft 4115 m 2,110","ft 643 m 4.71 mi 7.58 km 36 \u00b0 56 \u2032 50 ''","N 118 \u00b0 24 \u2032 19 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.9473 \u00b0","N 118.4054 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.9473 ; - 118.4054 \ufeff ( Mount Pinchot ) 79","Mount Natazhat Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 13,435 ft 4095 m 5,985 ft 1824 m 15.49 mi 24.9 km 61 \u00b0 31 \u2032 18 ''","N 141 \u00b0 06","\u2032 11 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.5217 \u00b0","N 141.1030","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.5217 ; - 141.1030 \ufeff ( Mount Natazhat )","80 Mount Jarvis Alaska Wrangell Mountains 13,421 ft 4091 m 4,771 ft 1454 m 11.15 mi 17.95 km 62 \u00b0 01","\u2032 24 ''","N 143 \u00b0 37 \u2032 11 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.0234 \u00b0 N 143.6198 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 62.0234 ; - 143.6198 \ufeff ( Mount Jarvis ) 81","Parry Peak Colorado Front Range 13,397 ft 4083 m 1,720 ft 524 m 9.46 mi 15.22 km 39 \u00b0 50 \u2032 17 ''","N 105 \u00b0 42 \u2032 48 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.8381 \u00b0","N 105.7132 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.8381 ; - 105.7132 \ufeff ( Parry Peak )","82 Bill Williams Peak Colorado Williams Mountains 13,389 ft 4081 m 1,682 ft 513 m 3.73 mi 6.00 km 39 \u00b0 10 \u2032 50 '' N 106 \u00b0 36 \u2032 37 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.1806 \u00b0 N 106.6102 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.1806 ; - 106.6102 \ufeff ( Bill Williams Peak ) 83 Sultan Mountain Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,373 ft 4076 m 1,868 ft 569 m 4.59 mi 7.39 km 37 \u00b0 47 \u2032 09 ''","N 107 \u00b0 42 \u2032 14 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7859 \u00b0 N 107.7038 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.7859 ; - 107.7038 \ufeff ( Sultan Mountain ) 84 Mount Herard Colorado Sangre de Cristo Mountains 13,345 ft 4068 m 2,040 ft 622 m 4.63 mi 7.45 km 37 \u00b0 50 \u2032 57 ''","N 105 \u00b0 29 \u2032 42 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8492 \u00b0 N 105.4949 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.8492 ; - 105.4949 \ufeff ( Mount Herard ) 85 West Buffalo Peak Colorado Mosquito Range 13,332 ft 4064 m 1,986 ft 605 m 9.61 mi 15.46 km 38 \u00b0 59 \u2032 30 '' N 106 \u00b0 07 \u2032 30 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.9917 \u00b0","N 106.1249 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.9917 ; - 106.1249 \ufeff ( West Buffalo Peak ) 86","Tressider Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 13,315 ft 4058 m 1,665 ft 507 m 3.32 mi 5.34 km 61 \u00b0 21","\u2032 32 ''","N 141 \u00b0 39 \u2032 59 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3590 \u00b0 N 141.6664 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.3590 ; - 141.6664 \ufeff ( Tressider Peak )","87 Summit Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,308 ft 4056.2 m 2,760 ft 841 m 39.6 mi 63.7 km 37 \u00b0 21 \u2032 02 ''","N 106 \u00b0 41 \u2032 48 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3506 \u00b0","N 106.6968 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.3506 ; - 106.6968 \ufeff ( Summit Peak ) 88 Middle Peak Colorado San Miguel Mountains 13,306 ft 4056 m 1,960 ft 597 m 4.78 mi 7.69 km 37 \u00b0 51 \u2032 13 ''","N 108 \u00b0 06","\u2032 30 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8536 \u00b0 N 108.1082 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.8536 ; - 108.1082 \ufeff ( Middle Peak ) 89 Antora Peak Colorado Sawatch Range 13,275 ft 4046 m 2,409 ft 734 m 6.75 mi 10.86 km 38 \u00b0 19 \u2032 30 '' N 106 \u00b0 13 \u2032 05 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.3250 \u00b0 N 106.2180 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.3250 ; - 106.2180 \ufeff ( Antora Peak )","90","Henry Mountain Colorado Sawatch Range 13,261 ft 4042 m 1,674 ft 510 m 10.94 mi 17.61 km 38 \u00b0 41 \u2032 08 ''","N 106 \u00b0 37 \u2032 16 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.6856 \u00b0 N 106.6211 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.6856 ; - 106.6211 \ufeff ( Henry Mountain )","91 Hesperus Mountain Colorado La Plata Mountains 13,237 ft 4035 m 2,852 ft 869 m 24.5 mi 39.5 km 37 \u00b0 26 \u2032 42 ''","N 108 \u00b0 05 \u2032 20 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.4451 \u00b0","N 108.0890","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.4451 ; - 108.0890 \ufeff ( Hesperus Mountain )","92 Mount Silverthrone Alaska Alaska Range 13,220 ft 4029 m 3,240 ft 988 m 7.90 mi 12.72 km 63 \u00b0 06","\u2032 57 ''","N 150 \u00b0 40 \u2032 32 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.1157 \u00b0 N 150.6755 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.1157 ; - 150.6755 \ufeff ( Mount Silverthrone ) 93","Jacque Peak Colorado Gore Range 13,211 ft 4027 m 2,065 ft 629 m 4.52 mi 7.28 km 39 \u00b0 27 \u2032 18 '' N 106 \u00b0 11 \u2032 49 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4549 \u00b0 N 106.1970 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.4549 ; - 106.1970 \ufeff ( Jacque Peak ) 94","Bennett Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,209 ft 4026 m 1,743 ft 531 m 17.08 mi 27.5 km 37 \u00b0 29 \u2032 00 ''","N 106 \u00b0 26 \u2032 03 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.4833 \u00b0","N 106.4343","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.4833 ; - 106.4343 \ufeff ( Bennett Peak ) 95","Wind River Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 13,197 ft 4022.4 m 2,572 ft 784 m 35.1 mi 56.6 km 42 \u00b0 42 \u2032 31 ''","N 109 \u00b0 07 \u2032 42 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.7085 \u00b0","N 109.1284 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 42.7085 ; - 109.1284 \ufeff ( Wind River Peak )","96 Conejos Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,179 ft 4017.0 m 1,912 ft 583 m 8.15 mi 13.12 km 37 \u00b0 17 \u2032 19 '' N 106 \u00b0 34 \u2032 15 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.2887 \u00b0 N 106.5709 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.2887 ; - 106.5709 \ufeff ( Conejos Peak ) 97","Mount Marcus Baker Alaska Chugach Mountains 13,176 ft 4016 m 10,751 ft 3277 m 126.3 mi 203 km 61 \u00b0 26 \u2032 15 '' N 147 \u00b0 45","\u2032 09 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.4374 \u00b0 N 147.7525 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.4374 ; - 147.7525 \ufeff ( Mount Marcus Baker )","98 Cloud Peak Wyoming Bighorn Mountains 13,167 ft 4013.3 m 7,077 ft 2157 m 145.0 mi 233 km 44 \u00b0 22 \u2032 56 '' N 107 \u00b0 10 \u2032 26 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.3821 \u00b0 N 107.1739","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 44.3821 ; - 107.1739 \ufeff ( Cloud Peak )","Wheeler Peak New Mexico Taos Mountains 13,167 ft 4013.3 m 3,409 ft 1039 m 37.0 mi 59.6 km 36 \u00b0 33 \u2032 25 ''","N 105 \u00b0 25 \u2032 01 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.5569 \u00b0","N 105.4169 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.5569 ; - 105.4169 \ufeff ( Wheeler Peak ) 100 Francs Peak Wyoming Absaroka Range 13,164 ft 4012.3 m 4,056 ft 1236 m 47.2 mi 76.0 km 43 \u00b0 57 \u2032 41 ''","N 109 \u00b0 20 \u2032 21 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.9613 \u00b0 N 109.3392 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 43.9613 ; - 109.3392 \ufeff ( Francs Peak ) 101","Twilight Peak Colorado Needle Mountains 13,163 ft 4012 m 2,338 ft 713 m 4.88 mi 7.86 km 37 \u00b0 39 \u2032 47 ''","N 107 \u00b0 43 \u2032 37 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6630 \u00b0 N 107.7270 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.6630 ; - 107.7270 \ufeff ( Twilight Peak ) 102 South River Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,154 ft 4009.4 m 2,448 ft 746 m 21.1 mi 34.0 km 37 \u00b0 34 \u2032 27 '' N 106 \u00b0 58 \u2032 53 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.5741 \u00b0 N 106.9815","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.5741 ; - 106.9815 \ufeff ( South River Peak ) 103 Mount Ritter California Sierra Nevada 13,149 ft 4008 m 3,990 ft 1216 m 22.0 mi 35.4 km 37 \u00b0 41 \u2032 21 '' N 119 \u00b0 11 \u2032 59 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6891 \u00b0 N 119.1996 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.6891 ; - 119.1996 \ufeff ( Mount Ritter )","104 Red Slate Mountain California Sierra Nevada 13,129 ft 4002 m 1,736 ft 529 m 8.31 mi 13.38 km 37 \u00b0 30 \u2032 27 '' N 118 \u00b0 52 \u2032 09 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.5075 \u00b0 N 118.8693 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.5075 ; - 118.8693 \ufeff ( Red Slate Mountain ) 105 Mount Lyell ( California ) California Sierra Nevada 13,120 ft 3998.9 m 1,926 ft 587 m 5.26 mi 8.46 km 37 \u00b0 44 \u2032 22 ''","N 119 \u00b0 16 \u2032 18 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7394 \u00b0 N 119.2716 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.7394 ; - 119.2716 \ufeff ( Mount Lyell ) 106 Bushnell Peak Colorado Sangre de Cristo Mountains 13,110 ft 3995.8 m 2,405 ft 733 m 11.07 mi 17.82 km 38 \u00b0 20 \u2032 28 ''","N 105 \u00b0 53 \u2032 21 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.3412 \u00b0 N 105.8892 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.3412 ; - 105.8892 \ufeff ( Bushnell Peak )","107","Truchas Peak New Mexico Santa Fe Mountains 13,108 ft 3995.2 m 4,001 ft 1220 m","42.3 mi 68.2 km 35 \u00b0 57 \u2032 45 ''","N 105 \u00b0 38 \u2032 42 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 35.9625 \u00b0 N 105.6450 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 35.9625 ; - 105.6450 \ufeff ( Truchas Peak ) 108 Wheeler Peak Nevada Snake Range 13,065 ft 3982.3 m 7,568 ft 2307 m 232 mi 373 km 38 \u00b0 59 \u2032 09 ''","N 114 \u00b0 18","\u2032 50 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.9858 \u00b0 N 114.3139 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.9858 ; - 114.3139 \ufeff ( Wheeler Peak ) 109 Mount Dana California Sierra Nevada 13,063 ft 3981.5 m 2,437 ft 743 m 11.40 mi 18.35 km 37 \u00b0 54 \u2032 00 ''","N 119 \u00b0 13 \u2032 16 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8999 \u00b0 N 119.2211 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.8999 ; - 119.2211 \ufeff ( Mount Dana )","110 West Elk Peak Colorado West Elk Mountains 13,042 ft 3975.2 m 3,095 ft 943 m 13.78 mi 22.2 km 38 \u00b0 43 \u2032 04 ''","N 107 \u00b0 11 \u2032 58 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7179 \u00b0 N 107.1994 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.7179 ; - 107.1994 \ufeff ( West Elk Peak ) 111 Mount Moffit Alaska Alaska Range 13,020 ft 3969 m 3,970 ft 1210 m 10.20 mi 16.41 km 63 \u00b0 34 \u2032 06 ''","N 146 \u00b0 23 \u2032 54 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.5683 \u00b0 N 146.3982 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.5683 ; - 146.3982 \ufeff ( Mount Moffit ) 112 Mount Centennial ( Peak 13010 )","Colorado San Juan Mountains 13,016 ft 3967 m 1,790 ft 546 m 2.86 mi 4.61 km 37 \u00b0 36 \u2032 22 ''","N 107 \u00b0 14","\u2032 41 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.6062 \u00b0 N 107.2446 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.6062 ; - 107.2446 \ufeff ( Mount Centennial ) 113 Clark Peak Colorado Medicine Bow Mountains 12,954 ft 3948.4 m 2,771 ft 845 m 16.40 mi 26.4 km 40 \u00b0 36 \u2032 24 ''","N 105 \u00b0 55 \u2032 48 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.6068 \u00b0 N 105.9300 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.6068 ; - 105.9300 \ufeff ( Clark Peak )","114 Mount Richthofen Colorado Never Summer Mountains 12,945 ft 3946 m 2,680 ft 817 m 9.66 mi 15.54 km 40 \u00b0 28 \u2032 10 ''","N 105 \u00b0 53 \u2032 40 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.4695 \u00b0 N 105.8945 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.4695 ; - 105.8945 \ufeff ( Mount Richthofen )","115 Mount Root Alaska British Columbia Saint Elias Mountains 12,887 ft 3928 m 2,979 ft 908 m 5.46 mi 8.79 km 58 \u00b0 59 \u2032 07 '' N 137 \u00b0 30 \u2032 00 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.9854 \u00b0","N 137.5001 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 58.9854 ; - 137.5001 \ufeff ( Mount Root )","116","Lizard Head Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 12,847 ft 3916 m 1,902 ft 580 m 6.46 mi 10.40 km 42 \u00b0 47 \u2032 24 '' N 109 \u00b0 11 \u2032 52 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.7901 \u00b0 N 109.1978 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 42.7901 ; - 109.1978 \ufeff ( Lizard Head Peak )","117 Granite Peak Montana Beartooth Mountains 12,807 ft 3903.5 m 4,779 ft 1457 m 86.0 mi 138.5 km 45 \u00b0 09 \u2032 48 ''","N 109 \u00b0 48 \u2032 27 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 45.1634 \u00b0","N 109.8075 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 45.1634 ; - 109.8075 \ufeff ( Granite Peak ) 118 Mount Crosson Alaska Alaska Range 12,800 ft 3901 m 1,650 ft 503 m 5.11 mi 8.22 km 63 \u00b0 00","\u2032 29 ''","N 151 \u00b0 16 \u2032 35 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.0081 \u00b0 N 151.2763 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.0081 ; - 151.2763 \ufeff ( Mount Crosson )","119 Venado Peak New Mexico Taos Mountains 12,739 ft 3883 m 2,971 ft 906 m 11.80 mi 18.99 km 36 \u00b0 47 \u2032 30 ''","N 105 \u00b0 29 \u2032 36 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.7917 \u00b0","N 105.4933 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.7917 ; - 105.4933 \ufeff ( Venado Peak ) 120 Chair Mountain Colorado Elk Mountains 12,727 ft 3879.1 m","2,461","ft 750 m 8.89 mi 14.30 km 39 \u00b0 03 \u2032 29 ''","N 107 \u00b0 16 \u2032 56 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.0581 \u00b0 N 107.2822 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.0581 ; - 107.2822 \ufeff ( Chair Mountain )","121 Mount Peale Utah La Sal Mountains 12,726 ft 3879 m 6,181 ft 1884 m 72.8 mi 117.1 km 38 \u00b0 26 \u2032 19 ''","N 109 \u00b0 13 \u2032 45 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.4385 \u00b0","N 109.2292","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.4385 ; - 109.2292 \ufeff ( Mount Peale )","122 Mount Crillon Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,726 ft 3879 m 7,176 ft 2187 m 19.52 mi 31.4 km 58 \u00b0 39 \u2032 45 ''","N 137 \u00b0 10 \u2032 16 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.6625 \u00b0 N 137.1712 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 58.6625 ; - 137.1712 \ufeff ( Mount Crillon )","123 Mount Gunnison Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,725 ft 3878.7 m 3,539","ft 1079 m 11.84 mi 19.05 km 38 \u00b0 48 \u2032 44 ''","N 107 \u00b0 22","\u2032 57 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8121 \u00b0","N 107.3826","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.8121 ; - 107.3826 \ufeff ( Mount Gunnison )","124 East Spanish Peak Colorado Spanish Peaks 12,688 ft 3867 m 2,383 ft 726 m 4.21 mi 6.78 km 37 \u00b0 23 \u2032 36 '' N 104 \u00b0 55 \u2032 12 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3934 \u00b0 N 104.9201 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.3934 ; - 104.9201 \ufeff ( East Spanish Peak ) 125 Borah Peak Idaho Lost River Range 12,668 ft 3861.2 m 6,002 ft 1829 m 150.8 mi 243 km 44 \u00b0 08 \u2032 15 '' N 113 \u00b0 46 \u2032 52 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.1374 \u00b0 N 113.7811 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 44.1374 ; - 113.7811 \ufeff ( Borah Peak ) 126 Mount Wood Montana Absaroka Range 12,665 ft 3860 m 2,880 ft 878 m 7.48 mi 12.04 km 45 \u00b0 16 \u2032 30 ''","N 109 \u00b0 48 \u2032 28 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 45.2749 \u00b0 N 109.8078 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 45.2749 ; - 109.8078 \ufeff ( Mount Wood ) 127 Mount Gunnar Naslund Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,658 ft 3858 m 2,108 ft 643 m 6.86 mi 11.04 km 61 \u00b0 13 \u2032 42 ''","N 141 \u00b0 18","\u2032 50 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.2282 \u00b0 N 141.3140 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 61.2282 ; - 141.3140 \ufeff ( Mount Gunnar Naslund ) 128 Mount Conness California Sierra Nevada 12,649 ft 3855.5 m 2,650 ft 808 m 7.18 mi 11.55 km 37 \u00b0 58 \u2032 01 ''","N 119 \u00b0 19 \u2032 17 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9670 \u00b0 N 119.3213 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.9670 ; - 119.3213 \ufeff ( Mount Conness ) 129 Humphreys Peak Arizona San Francisco Peaks 12,637 ft 3852 m 6,039 ft 1841 m 246 mi 396 km 35 \u00b0 20 \u2032 47 ''","N 111 \u00b0 40 \u2032 41 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 35.3464 \u00b0","N 111.6780 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 35.3464 ; - 111.6780 \ufeff ( Humphreys Peak ) 130 Santa Fe Baldy New Mexico Santa Fe Mountains 12,632 ft 3850.1 m 2,002 ft 610 m 10.99 mi 17.69 km 35 \u00b0 49 \u2032 56 ''","N 105 \u00b0 45 \u2032 29 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 35.8322 \u00b0 N 105.7581 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 35.8322 ; - 105.7581 \ufeff ( Santa Fe Baldy )","131 Gothic Mountain Colorado Elk Mountains 12,631 ft 3850 m 1,645 ft 501 m 2.73 mi 4.39 km 38 \u00b0 57 \u2032 22 ''","N 107 \u00b0 00","\u2032 39 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.9562 \u00b0 N 107.0107 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.9562 ; - 107.0107 \ufeff ( Gothic Mountain )","132","Castle Mountain Montana Absaroka Range 12,618 ft 3846.1 m 2,672 ft 814 m 9.74 mi 15.67 km 45 \u00b0 05","\u2032 56 ''","N 109 \u00b0 37 \u2032 50 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 45.0989 \u00b0","N 109.6305 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 45.0989 ; - 109.6305 \ufeff ( Castle Mountain )","Lone Cone Colorado San Miguel Mountains 12,618 ft 3846.1 m 2,273 ft 693 m 8.40 mi 13.52 km 37 \u00b0 53 \u2032 17 '' N 108 \u00b0 15 \u2032 20 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8880 \u00b0 N 108.2556 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.8880 ; - 108.2556 \ufeff ( Lone Cone ) 134 Mount Moran Wyoming Teton Range 12,610 ft 3843.5 m 2,645","ft 806 m 6.18 mi 9.94 km 43 \u00b0 50 \u2032 06 ''","N 110 \u00b0 46 \u2032 35 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.8350 \u00b0 N 110.7765 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 43.8350 ; - 110.7765 \ufeff ( Mount Moran )","135","Tlingit Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,606 ft 3842 m 2,006 ft 611 m 2.26 mi 3.63 km 58 \u00b0 53 \u2032 35 '' N 137 \u00b0 23 \u2032 38 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.8931 \u00b0","N 137.3938","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 58.8931 ; - 137.3938 \ufeff ( Tlingit Peak )","136 Little Costilla Peak New Mexico Culebra Range 12,588 ft 3836.8 m 2,444 ft 745 m 7.75 mi 12.48 km 36 \u00b0 50 \u2032 01 ''","N 105 \u00b0 13 \u2032 22 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.8335 \u00b0 N 105.2229 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.8335 ; - 105.2229 \ufeff ( Little Costilla Peak ) 137 Mount Carpe Alaska Alaska Range 12,550 ft 3825 m 1,800 ft 549 m 4.10 mi 6.60 km 63 \u00b0 09 \u2032 08 ''","N 150 \u00b0 51 \u2032 42 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.1521 \u00b0 N 150.8616 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.1521 ; - 150.8616 \ufeff ( Mount Carpe )","138","Needham Mountain California Sierra Nevada 12,545 ft 3824 m 1,840 ft 561 m 5.93 mi 9.54 km 36 \u00b0 27 \u2032 16 ''","N 118 \u00b0 32 \u2032 14 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.4545 \u00b0 N 118.5373 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.4545 ; - 118.5373 \ufeff ( Needham Mountain )","139 Graham Peak Colorado San Juan Mountains 12,536 ft 3821.1 m 2,551 ft 778 m 8.64 mi 13.90 km 37 \u00b0 29 \u2032 50 ''","N 107 \u00b0 22 \u2032 34 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.4972 \u00b0 N 107.3761 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.4972 ; - 107.3761 \ufeff ( Graham Peak ) 140","Whetstone Mountain Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,527 ft 3818.1 m 2,456","ft 749 m 9.39 mi 15.11 km 38 \u00b0 49 \u2032 20 '' N 106 \u00b0 58 \u2032 48 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8223 \u00b0","N 106.9799 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.8223 ; - 106.9799 \ufeff ( Whetstone Mountain ) 141 Kahiltna Dome Alaska Alaska Range 12,525 ft 3818 m 2,175","ft 663 m 3.45 mi 5.55 km 63 \u00b0 03","\u2032 18 ''","N 151 \u00b0 14 \u2032 22 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.0550 \u00b0 N 151.2394 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.0550 ; - 151.2394 \ufeff ( Kahiltna Dome )","142 Mount Thor Alaska Chugach Mountains 12,521 ft 3816 m 3,271","ft 997 m 20.4 mi 32.8 km 61 \u00b0 29 \u2032 07 ''","N 147 \u00b0 08 \u2032 46 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.4854 \u00b0 N 147.1460 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.4854 ; - 147.1460 \ufeff ( Mount Thor ) 143 Mount Watson Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,497 ft 3809 m 1,932 ft 589 m 2.52 mi 4.05 km 59 \u00b0 00","\u2032 32 ''","N 137 \u00b0 33 \u2032 15 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 59.0088 \u00b0 N 137.5541","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 59.0088 ; - 137.5541 \ufeff ( Mount Watson )","144 Atlantic Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 12,495 ft 3808 m 2,150 ft 655 m 9.07 mi 14.60 km 42 \u00b0 36 \u2032 59 '' N 109 \u00b0 00","\u2032 05 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.6165 \u00b0 N 109.0013 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 42.6165 ; - 109.0013 \ufeff ( Atlantic Peak )","145 Specimen Mountain Colorado Front Range 12,494 ft 3808 m 1,731 ft 528 m 4.70 mi 7.56 km 40 \u00b0 26 \u2032 42 ''","N 105 \u00b0 48 \u2032 29 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.4449 \u00b0","N 105.8081 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.4449 ; - 105.8081 \ufeff ( Specimen Mountain )","146 Baldy Mountain New Mexico Cimarron Range 12,445 ft 3793.3 m 2,701 ft 823 m 11.33 mi 18.24 km 36 \u00b0 37 \u2032 48 '' N 105 \u00b0 12 \u2032 48 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.6299 \u00b0 N 105.2134 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.6299 ; - 105.2134 \ufeff ( Baldy Mountain ) 147","East Beckwith Mountain Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,441 ft 3792.1 m 2,492 ft 760 m 6.24 mi 10.05 km 38 \u00b0 50 \u2032 47 ''","N 107 \u00b0 13","\u2032 24 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8464 \u00b0","N 107.2233","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.8464 ; - 107.2233 \ufeff ( East Beckwith Mountain ) 148 Knobby Crest Colorado Kenosha Mountains 12,434 ft 3790 m 1,759 ft 536 m 8.27 mi 13.31 km 39 \u00b0 22 \u2032 05 ''","N 105 \u00b0 36 \u2032 18 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.3681 \u00b0 N 105.6050 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.3681 ; - 105.6050 \ufeff ( Knobby Crest )","149 Bison Peak Colorado Tarryall Mountains 12,432 ft 3789.4 m 2,451 ft 747 m 18.23 mi 29.3 km 39 \u00b0 14 \u2032 18 ''","N 105 \u00b0 29 \u2032 52 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.2384 \u00b0 N 105.4978 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.2384 ; - 105.4978 \ufeff ( Bison Peak )","150 Anthracite Peak Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,394 ft 3777.8 m 2,125","ft 648 m 4.77 mi 7.68 km 38 \u00b0 48 \u2032 52 '' N 107 \u00b0 08 \u2032 40 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8145 \u00b0 N 107.1445","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.8145 ; - 107.1445 \ufeff ( Anthracite Peak ) 151","Matchless Mountain Colorado Elk Mountains 12,389 ft 3776 m 1,763","ft 537 m 7.87 mi 12.67 km 38 \u00b0 50 \u2032 02 '' N 106 \u00b0 38 \u2032 42 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8340 \u00b0 N 106.6451","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.8340 ; - 106.6451 \ufeff ( Matchless Mountain )","152 Flat Top Mountain Colorado Flat Tops 12,361 ft 3767.7 m 4,054 ft 1236 m 40.8 mi 65.6 km 40 \u00b0 00","\u2032 53 '' N 107 \u00b0 05 \u2032 00 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.0147 \u00b0 N 107.0833 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.0147 ; - 107.0833 \ufeff ( Flat Top Mountain ) 153 Mount Nystrom Wyoming Wind River Range 12,361 ft 3767.5 m 1,816 ft 554 m 4.92 mi 7.92 km 42 \u00b0 38 \u2032 30 '' N 109 \u00b0 05","\u2032 38 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.6418 \u00b0 N 109.0939 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 42.6418 ; - 109.0939 \ufeff ( Mount Nystrom ) 154 Moby Dick ( Alaska )","Alaska Alaska Range 12,360 ft 3767 m 2,910 ft 887 m 4.78 mi 7.70 km 63 \u00b0 33 \u2032 22 ''","N 146 \u00b0 36 \u2032 09 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.5561 \u00b0 N 146.6026 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.5561 ; - 146.6026 \ufeff ( Moby Dick )","155 Greenhorn Mountain Colorado Wet Mountains 12,352 ft 3765.0 m 3,777 ft 1151 m 25.2 mi 40.6 km 37 \u00b0 52 \u2032 53 ''","N 105 \u00b0 00","\u2032 48 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.8815 \u00b0 N 105.0133 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.8815 ; - 105.0133 \ufeff ( Greenhorn Mountain )","156 Elliott Mountain Colorado San Miguel Mountains 12,346 ft 3763 m 2,240","ft 683 m 5.13 mi 8.26 km 37 \u00b0 44 \u2032 04 ''","N 108 \u00b0 03 \u2032 29 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7344 \u00b0 N 108.0580 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.7344 ; - 108.0580 \ufeff ( Elliott Mountain ) 157","Mount Deborah Alaska Alaska Range 12,339 ft 3761 m 5,189 ft 1582 m 16.08 mi 25.9 km 63 \u00b0 38 \u2032 16 ''","N 147 \u00b0 14 \u2032 18 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.6377 \u00b0 N 147.2384","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.6377 ; - 147.2384 \ufeff ( Mount Deborah )","158 Twin Peaks California Sierra Nevada 12,329 ft 3758 m 2,143","ft 653 m 4.78 mi 7.70 km 38 \u00b0 05","\u2032 01 ''","N 119 \u00b0 21 \u2032 32 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.0836 \u00b0","N 119.3588 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.0836 ; - 119.3588 \ufeff ( Twin Peaks ) 159","Carter Mountain Wyoming Absaroka Range 12,324 ft 3756.4 m 1,699 ft 518 m 16.68 mi 26.8 km 44 \u00b0 11 \u2032 50 ''","N 109 \u00b0 24 \u2032 40 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.1972 \u00b0 N 109.4112 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 44.1972 ; - 109.4112 \ufeff ( Carter Mountain )","160","Parkview Mountain Colorado Rabbit Ears Range 12,301 ft 3749.4 m 2,676 ft 816 m 9.36 mi 15.07 km 40 \u00b0 19 \u2032 49 ''","N 106 \u00b0 08 \u2032 11 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.3303 \u00b0 N 106.1363 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.3303 ; - 106.1363 \ufeff ( Parkview Mountain ) 161","Cornwall Mountain Colorado San Juan Mountains 12,291 ft 3746 m","1,744 ft 532 m 5.20 mi 8.37 km 37 \u00b0 22 \u2032 52 '' N 106 \u00b0 29 \u2032 31 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.3811 \u00b0","N 106.4920 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.3811 ; - 106.4920 \ufeff ( Cornwall Mountain )","162 Mount Adams Washington Cascade Range 12,281 ft 3743.4 m 8,136 ft 2480 m 45.8 mi 73.6 km 46 \u00b0 12 \u2032 09 ''","N 121 \u00b0 29 \u2032 27 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 46.2024 \u00b0 N 121.4909 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 46.2024 ; - 121.4909 \ufeff ( Mount Adams ) 163 Trout Peak Wyoming Absaroka Range 12,250 ft 3733.7 m 3,704 ft 1129 m 28.4 mi 45.7 km 44 \u00b0 36 \u2032 04 ''","N 109 \u00b0 31 \u2032 31 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.6012 \u00b0 N 109.5253","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 44.6012 ; - 109.5253 \ufeff ( Trout Peak )","164 Mount Huntington Alaska Alaska Range 12,240 ft 3731 m 2,890 ft 881 m 3.88 mi 6.24 km 62 \u00b0 58 \u2032 04 ''","N 150 \u00b0 53 \u2032 59 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.9677 \u00b0 N 150.8996 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 62.9677 ; - 150.8996 \ufeff ( Mount Huntington )","165 Mount Huxley Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,216 ft 3723 m 2,066 ft 630 m 5.49 mi 8.84 km 60 \u00b0 19 \u2032 40 ''","N 141 \u00b0 09 \u2032 19 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.3279 \u00b0 N 141.1554 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 60.3279 ; - 141.1554 \ufeff ( Mount Huxley )","166 Diamond Peak Idaho Lemhi Range 12,202 ft 3719.3 m 5,387 ft 1642 m 31.8 mi 51.2 km 44 \u00b0 08 \u2032 29 ''","N 113 \u00b0 04","\u2032 58 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 44.1414 \u00b0 N 113.0827 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 44.1414 ; - 113.0827 \ufeff ( Diamond Peak )","167 Mount Jordan Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,190 ft 3716 m 2,340 ft 713 m 7.08 mi 11.40 km 61 \u00b0 23 \u2032 55 ''","N 141 \u00b0 28","\u2032 12 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3987 \u00b0 N 141.4700 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.3987 ; - 141.4700 \ufeff ( Mount Jordan )","168 Mount Zirkel Colorado Park Range 12,185 ft 3714 m 3,470 ft 1058 m 37.7 mi 60.6 km 40 \u00b0 49 \u2032 53 '' N 106 \u00b0 39 \u2032 47 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.8313 \u00b0 N 106.6631 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.8313 ; - 106.6631 \ufeff ( Mount Zirkel )","169 Delano Peak Utah Tushar Mountains 12,174 ft 3710.7 m 4,709 ft 1435 m 112.1 mi 180.5 km 38 \u00b0 22 \u2032 09 ''","N 112 \u00b0 22","\u2032 17 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.3692 \u00b0 N 112.3714 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.3692 ; - 112.3714 \ufeff ( Delano Peak ) 170","Mount Salisbury Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,170 ft 3709 m 4,020 ft 1225 m 3.04 mi 4.90 km 58 \u00b0 51","\u2032 02 ''","N 137 \u00b0 22 \u2032 19 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.8505 \u00b0 N 137.3719 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 58.8505 ; - 137.3719 \ufeff ( Mount Salisbury ) 171 Crested Butte Colorado Elk Mountains 12,168 ft 3709 m 2,582 ft 787 m 4.65 mi 7.49 km 38 \u00b0 53 \u2032 01 '' N 106 \u00b0 56 \u2032 37 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.8835 \u00b0 N 106.9436 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.8835 ; - 106.9436 \ufeff ( Crested Butte )","172 Younts Peak Wyoming Absaroka Range 12,166 ft 3708.3 m 2,241 ft 683 m 12.70 mi 20.4 km 43 \u00b0 58 \u2032 55 ''","N 109 \u00b0 51 \u2032 59 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.9820 \u00b0 N 109.8665 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 43.9820 ; - 109.8665 \ufeff ( Younts Peak )","173","Sawtooth Mountain Colorado La Garita Mountains 12,153 ft 3704.2 m 1,927 ft 587 m 16.73 mi 26.9 km 38 \u00b0 16 \u2032 26 ''","N 106 \u00b0 52 \u2032 01 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.2740 \u00b0 N 106.8670 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.2740 ; - 106.8670 \ufeff ( Sawtooth Mountain ) 174 Olancha Peak California Sierra Nevada 12,132 ft 3697.8 m 3,103 ft 946 m 14.84 mi 23.9 km 36 \u00b0 15 \u2032 55 '' N 118 \u00b0 07 \u2032 06 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.2652 \u00b0 N 118.1182 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.2652 ; - 118.1182 \ufeff ( Olancha Peak ) 175","Mount Mather Alaska Alaska Range 12,123 ft 3695 m 2,873 ft 876 m 9.27 mi 14.92 km 63 \u00b0 11 \u2032 41 '' N 150 \u00b0 26 \u2032 10 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.1946 \u00b0 N 150.4362 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.1946 ; - 150.4362 \ufeff ( Mount Mather ) 176 Park Cone Colorado Sawatch Range 12,106 ft 3690 m 2,040 ft 622 m 3.44 mi 5.53 km 38 \u00b0 47 \u2032 48 '' N 106 \u00b0 36 \u2032 10 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7967 \u00b0 N 106.6028 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.7967 ; - 106.6028 \ufeff ( Park Cone ) 177","Ibapah Peak Utah Deep Creek Range 12,092 ft 3686 m 5,267 ft 1605 m 61.2 mi 98.5 km 39 \u00b0 49 \u2032 42 ''","N 113 \u00b0 55 \u2032 12 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.8282 \u00b0 N 113.9200 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.8282 ; - 113.9200 \ufeff ( Ibapah Peak ) 178","Carbon Peak Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,088 ft 3684.3 m 2,179 ft 664 m 3.92 mi 6.31 km 38 \u00b0 47 \u2032 39 ''","N 107 \u00b0 02 \u2032 35 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7943 \u00b0","N","107.0431 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.7943 ; - 107.0431 \ufeff ( Carbon Peak )","179 Glover Peak Wyoming Wind River Range 12,072 ft 3680 m 1,706","ft 520 m 2.49 mi 4.00 km 43 \u00b0 09 \u2032 32 ''","N 109 \u00b0 45 \u2032 56 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.1589 \u00b0","N 109.7656 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 43.1589 ; - 109.7656 \ufeff ( Glover Peak ) 180 Mount Moriah Nevada Snake Range 12,072 ft 3679.6 m 4,909 ft 1496 m 20.3 mi 32.7 km 39 \u00b0 16 \u2032 24 '' N 114 \u00b0 11 \u2032 56 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.2732 \u00b0 N 114.1988 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.2732 ; - 114.1988 \ufeff ( Mount Moriah )","181 Mount Guero Colorado West Elk Mountains 12,058 ft 3675.4 m 2,432 ft 741 m 6.38 mi 10.27 km 38 \u00b0 43","\u2032 11 '' N 107 \u00b0 23","\u2032 10 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7196 \u00b0 N 107.3861 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.7196 ; - 107.3861 \ufeff ( Mount Guero )","182 Siris Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 12,050 ft 3673 m 2,600 ft 792 m 16.05 mi 25.8 km 60 \u00b0 44 \u2032 02 ''","N 141 \u00b0 00","\u2032 50 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.7340 \u00b0 N 141.0138 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 60.7340 ; - 141.0138 \ufeff ( Siris Peak )","183 Red Table Mountain Colorado Sawatch Range 12,043 ft 3670.7 m 2,017 ft 615 m 7.88 mi 12.68 km 39 \u00b0 25 \u2032 05 ''","N 106 \u00b0 46 \u2032 16 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.4181 \u00b0 N 106.7712","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.4181 ; - 106.7712 \ufeff ( Red Table Mountain ) 184","Chalk Benchmark Colorado San Juan Mountains 12,038 ft 3669.3 m 1,971 ft 601 m 7.26 mi 11.68 km 37 \u00b0 08 \u2032 30 ''","N 106 \u00b0 45 \u2032 00 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.1418 \u00b0 N 106.7500 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.1418 ; - 106.7500 \ufeff ( Chalk Benchmark ) 185","Medicine Bow Peak Wyoming Medicine Bow Mountains 12,016 ft 3662.4 m 3,243 ft 988 m 40.6 mi 65.4 km 41 \u00b0 21 \u2032 37 ''","N 106 \u00b0 19 \u2032 03 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 41.3603 \u00b0 N 106.3176 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 41.3603 ; - 106.3176 \ufeff ( Medicine Bow Peak ) 186 Mount Witherspoon Alaska Chugach Mountains 12,012 ft 3661 m 2,162 ft 659 m 5.98 mi 9.63 km 61 \u00b0 23 \u2032 43 ''","N 147 \u00b0 12 \u2032 04 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.3954 \u00b0 N 147.2010 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.3954 ; - 147.2010 \ufeff ( Mount Witherspoon ) 187 Mount Zwischen Colorado Sangre de Cristo Mountains 12,011 ft 3661 m 2,266 ft 691 m 4.44 mi 7.14 km 37 \u00b0 47 \u2032 29 ''","N 105 \u00b0 27 \u2032 19 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.7913 \u00b0","N 105.4554 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.7913 ; - 105.4554 \ufeff ( Mount Zwischen ) 188 Mount Drum Alaska Wrangell Mountains 12,010 ft 3661 m 6,760 ft 2060 m 17.73 mi 28.5 km 62 \u00b0 06","\u2032 57 ''","N 144 \u00b0 38 \u2032 22 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 62.1159 \u00b0 N 144.6394 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 62.1159 ; - 144.6394 \ufeff ( Mount Drum ) 189 Little Cone Colorado San Miguel Mountains 11,988 ft 3654.0 m 1,840 ft 561 m 5.19 mi 8.35 km 37 \u00b0 55 \u2032 39 ''","N 108 \u00b0 05 \u2032 27 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.9275 \u00b0 N 108.0908 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 37.9275 ; - 108.0908 \ufeff ( Little Cone ) 190 Sierra Blanca Peak New Mexico Sacramento Mountains 11,981 ft 3651.8 m 5,553 ft 1693 m 165.7 mi 267 km 33 \u00b0 22 \u2032 27 ''","N 105 \u00b0 48 \u2032 31 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 33.3743 \u00b0","N 105.8087 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 33.3743 ; - 105.8087 \ufeff ( Sierra Blanca Peak ) 191 Mount Hope Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 11,950 ft 3642 m 2,000 ft 610 m 2.64 mi 4.25 km 60 \u00b0 42 \u2032 14 ''","N 141 \u00b0 03 \u2032 41 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.7039 \u00b0 N 141.0614 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 60.7039 ; - 141.0614 \ufeff ( Mount Hope )","192 Mount Jefferson Nevada Toquima Range 11,946 ft 3641 m 5,871 ft 1789 m 98.6 mi 158.7 km 38 \u00b0 45 \u2032 07 ''","N 116 \u00b0 55 \u2032 36 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.7519 \u00b0 N 116.9267 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.7519 ; - 116.9267 \ufeff ( Mount Jefferson )","193 Hess Mountain Alaska Alaska Range 11,940 ft 3639 m 2,490 ft 759 m 2.78 mi 4.47 km 63 \u00b0 38 \u2032 18 ''","N 147 \u00b0 08 \u2032 54 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.6382 \u00b0 N 147.1482 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.6382 ; - 147.1482 \ufeff ( Hess Mountain )","Mount Brooks Alaska Alaska Range 11,940 ft 3639 m 1,790 ft 546 m 5.03 mi 8.09 km 63 \u00b0 11 \u2032 15 '' N 150 \u00b0 38 \u2032 52 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 63.1875 \u00b0 N 150.6479 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 63.1875 ; - 150.6479 \ufeff ( Mount Brooks )","195 Cerro Vista New Mexico Sangre de Cristo Mountains 11,937 ft 3638.3 m 2,519 ft 768 m 14.19 mi 22.8 km 36 \u00b0 14 \u2032 07 ''","N 105 \u00b0 24 \u2032 39 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.2353 \u00b0","N 105.4108 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 36.2353 ; - 105.4108 \ufeff ( Cerro Vista )","196 Mount Nebo Utah Wasatch Range 11,933 ft 3637 m 5,508 ft 1679 m 75.6 mi 121.6 km 39 \u00b0 49 \u2032 19 '' N 111 \u00b0 45 \u2032 37 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 39.8219 \u00b0 N 111.7603 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 39.8219 ; - 111.7603 \ufeff ( Mount Nebo )","197","The Grand Parapet Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 11,930 ft 3636 m 2,180 ft 664 m 5.26 mi 8.47 km 61 \u00b0 24 \u2032 37 '' N 142 \u00b0 01 \u2032 36 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 61.4103 \u00b0 N 142.0266 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 61.4103 ; - 142.0266 \ufeff ( The Grand Parapet ) 198 Lituya Mountain Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 11,924 ft 3634 m 3,674 ft 1120 m 3.90 mi 6.27 km 58 \u00b0 48 \u2032 19 ''","N 137 \u00b0 26 \u2032 12 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 58.8054 \u00b0 N 137.4367 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 58.8054 ; - 137.4367 \ufeff ( Lituya Mountain )","Haydon Peak Alaska Saint Elias Mountains 11,924 ft 3634 m 1,674 ft 510 m 2.97 mi 4.78 km 60 \u00b0 15 \u2032 38 ''","N 140 \u00b0 59 \u2032 17 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 60.2606 \u00b0 N 140.9881 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 60.2606 ; - 140.9881 \ufeff ( Haydon Peak )","200 Charleston Peak ( Mount Charleston )","Nevada Spring Mountains 11,916 ft 3632.0 m 8,258 ft 2517 m 135.1 mi 218 km 36 \u00b0 16 \u2032 18 ''","N 115 \u00b0 41","\u2032 44 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 36.2716 \u00b0","N 115.6956 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 36.2716 ; - 115.6956 \ufeff ( Charleston Peak )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6175904488303558173","input":"where is the hotel that the shining was filmed at","passages":[{"title":"The Stanley Hotel","text":"In 1980 , The Shining became the basis for a film adaptation directed by Stanley Kubrick . Kubrick 's vision for the movie differed from King 's significantly in many ways , including the portrayal of the Overlook Hotel . The exteriors of Kubrick 's Overlook were supplied by the Timberline Lodge on the slopes of Mt . Hood in Oregon . Inspiration for the interior sets ( erected at Elstree Studios in England ) came from the 1927 Ahwahnee Hotel in Yosemite National Park . The management of the Timberline Lodge , fearful that guests would refuse to stay in their Room 217 if it were featured in a horror movie , insisted that Kubrick change the haunted room in the film to Room 237 .","sentences":["In 1980 , The Shining became the basis for a film adaptation directed by Stanley Kubrick .","Kubrick 's vision for the movie differed from King 's significantly in many ways , including the portrayal of the Overlook Hotel .","The exteriors of Kubrick 's Overlook were supplied by the Timberline Lodge on the slopes of Mt .","Hood in Oregon .","Inspiration for the interior sets ( erected at Elstree Studios in England ) came from the 1927 Ahwahnee Hotel in Yosemite National Park .","The management of the Timberline Lodge , fearful that guests would refuse to stay in their Room 217 if it were featured in a horror movie , insisted that Kubrick change the haunted room in the film to Room 237 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6309885428730399129","input":"where does the vascular cambium get its energy to produce more xylem and phloem","passages":[{"title":"Vascular cambium","text":"Auxin hormones are proven to stimulate mitoses , cell production and regulate interfascicular and fascicular cambium . Applying auxin to the surface of a tree stump allowed decapitated shoots to continue secondary growth . The absence of auxin hormones will have a detrimental effect on a plant . It has been shown that mutants without auxin will exhibit increased spacing between the interfascicular cambiums and reduced growth of the vascular bundles . The mutant plant will therefore experience a decreased in water , nutrients , and photosynthates being transported throughout the plant , eventually leading to death . Auxin also regulates the two types of cell in the vascular cambium , ray and fusiform initials . Regulation of these initials ensures the connection and communication between xylem and phloem is maintained for the translocation of nourishment and sugars are safely being stored as an energy resource . Ethylene levels are high in plants with an active cambial zone and are still currently being studied . Gibberellin stimulates the cambial cell division and also regulates differentiation of the xylem tissues , with no effect on the rate of phloem differentiation . Differentiation is an essential process that changes these tissues into a more specialized type , leading to an important role in maintaining the life form of a plant . In poplar trees , high concentrations of gibberellin is positively correlated to an increase of cambial cell division and an increase of auxin in the cambial stem cells . Gibberellin is also responsible for the expansion of xylem through a signal traveling from the shoot to the root . Cytokinin hormone is known to regulate the rate of the cell division instead of the direction of cell differentiation . A study demonstrated that the mutants are found to have a reduction in stem and root growth but the secondary vascular pattern of the vascular bundles were not affected with a treatment of cytokinin .","sentences":["Auxin hormones are proven to stimulate mitoses , cell production and regulate interfascicular and fascicular cambium .","Applying auxin to the surface of a tree stump allowed decapitated shoots to continue secondary growth .","The absence of auxin hormones will have a detrimental effect on a plant .","It has been shown that mutants without auxin will exhibit increased spacing between the interfascicular cambiums and reduced growth of the vascular bundles .","The mutant plant will therefore experience a decreased in water , nutrients , and photosynthates being transported throughout the plant , eventually leading to death .","Auxin also regulates the two types of cell in the vascular cambium , ray and fusiform initials .","Regulation of these initials ensures the connection and communication between xylem and phloem is maintained for the translocation of nourishment and sugars are safely being stored as an energy resource .","Ethylene levels are high in plants with an active cambial zone and are still currently being studied .","Gibberellin stimulates the cambial cell division and also regulates differentiation of the xylem tissues , with no effect on the rate of phloem differentiation .","Differentiation is an essential process that changes these tissues into a more specialized type , leading to an important role in maintaining the life form of a plant .","In poplar trees , high concentrations of gibberellin is positively correlated to an increase of cambial cell division and an increase of auxin in the cambial stem cells .","Gibberellin is also responsible for the expansion of xylem through a signal traveling from the shoot to the root .","Cytokinin hormone is known to regulate the rate of the cell division instead of the direction of cell differentiation .","A study demonstrated that the mutants are found to have a reduction in stem and root growth but the secondary vascular pattern of the vascular bundles were not affected with a treatment of cytokinin ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4464179079449621090","input":"show the earth's orbit around the sun","passages":[{"title":"Earth's orbit","text":"Heliocentrism is the scientific model that first placed the Sun at the center of the Solar System and put the planets , including Earth , in its orbit . Historically , heliocentrism is opposed to geocentrism , which placed the Earth at the center . Aristarchus of Samos already proposed a heliocentric model in the 3rd century BC . In the 16th century , Nicolaus Copernicus ' De revolutionibus presented a full discussion of a heliocentric model of the universe in much the same way as Ptolemy had presented his geocentric model in the 2nd century . This `` Copernican revolution '' resolved the issue of planetary retrograde motion by arguing that such motion was only perceived and apparent . `` Although Copernicus 's groundbreaking book ... had been ( printed ) over a century earlier , ( the Dutch mapmaker ) Joan Blaeu was the first mapmaker to incorporate his revolutionary heliocentric theory into a map of the world . ''","sentences":["Heliocentrism is the scientific model that first placed the Sun at the center of the Solar System and put the planets , including Earth , in its orbit .","Historically , heliocentrism is opposed to geocentrism , which placed the Earth at the center .","Aristarchus of Samos already proposed a heliocentric model in the 3rd century BC .","In the 16th century , Nicolaus Copernicus ' De revolutionibus presented a full discussion of a heliocentric model of the universe in much the same way as Ptolemy had presented his geocentric model in the 2nd century .","This `` Copernican revolution '' resolved the issue of planetary retrograde motion by arguing that such motion was only perceived and apparent .","`` Although Copernicus 's groundbreaking book ... had been ( printed ) over a century earlier , ( the Dutch mapmaker )","Joan Blaeu was the first mapmaker to incorporate his revolutionary heliocentric theory into a map of the world . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1389113951503950579","input":"how much is tax on food in arizona","passages":[{"title":"Sales taxes in the United States","text":"Unlike other states , rent , medical services and perishable foods are subject to the excise tax . Also , unlike other states , businesses are not required to show the tax separately on the receipt , as it is technically part of the selling price . Most retail businesses in Hawaii , however , do list the tax as a separate line item. 4.0 % is charged at retail with an additional 0.5 % surcharge in the City and County of Honolulu ( for a total of 4.5 % on Oahu sales ) , and 0.5 % is charged on wholesale . However , the state also allows `` tax on tax '' to be charged , which effectively means a customer can be billed as much as 4.166 % ( 4.712 % on Oahu ) . The exact dollar or percentage amount to be added must be quoted to customers within or along with the price . The 0.5 % surcharge on Oahu was implemented to fund the new rail transport system . As with sales tax in other states , nonprofit organizations may apply for an exemption from the tax .","sentences":["Unlike other states , rent , medical services and perishable foods are subject to the excise tax .","Also , unlike other states , businesses are not required to show the tax separately on the receipt , as it is technically part of the selling price .","Most retail businesses in Hawaii , however , do list the tax as a separate line item.","4.0 % is charged at retail with an additional 0.5 % surcharge in the City and County of Honolulu ( for a total of 4.5 % on Oahu sales ) , and 0.5 % is charged on wholesale .","However , the state also allows `` tax on tax '' to be charged , which effectively means a customer can be billed as much as 4.166 % ( 4.712 % on Oahu ) .","The exact dollar or percentage amount to be added must be quoted to customers within or along with the price .","The 0.5 % surcharge on Oahu was implemented to fund the new rail transport system .","As with sales tax in other states , nonprofit organizations may apply for an exemption from the tax ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6866585822960402883","input":"what is the reason behind the elf on the shelf","passages":[{"title":"Christmas elf","text":"In Santa Claus : The Movie , the elves are a type of craft guild making traditional toys by hand and looking after Santa 's reindeer . The elves ' workshop is also featured regularly in films , such as in Elf ( 2003 ) , starring Will Ferrell . The 1932 Disney short film , Santa 's Workshop , features Santa Claus and his elves preparing for Christmas . A team of elves features prominently in the Rankin - Bass 1964 special Rudolph the Red - Nosed Reindeer . The Christmas Elves are featured in the 1998 TV movie Like Father , Like Santa . In the DreamWorks Animation film Rise of the Guardians , elves are very short beings who wear pointy hat - like clothes and assist Santa at the North Pole , but they do n't make the toys , the elves are only led to believe this , as yetis are actually responsible for making the toys in the film . Disney had the theme of Christmas elves for their 2009 short film , Prep & Landing , which tells the tale of an elite group of elves that make houses ready for Santa 's deliveries . It was the first holiday television special made by Walt Disney Animation Studios . The Christmas Elves were featured in Arthur Christmas .","sentences":["In Santa Claus : The Movie , the elves are a type of craft guild making traditional toys by hand and looking after Santa 's reindeer .","The elves ' workshop is also featured regularly in films , such as in Elf ( 2003 ) , starring Will Ferrell .","The 1932 Disney short film , Santa 's Workshop , features Santa Claus and his elves preparing for Christmas .","A team of elves features prominently in the Rankin - Bass 1964 special Rudolph the Red - Nosed Reindeer .","The Christmas Elves are featured in the 1998 TV movie Like Father , Like Santa .","In the DreamWorks Animation film Rise of the Guardians , elves are very short beings who wear pointy hat - like clothes and assist Santa at the North Pole , but they do n't make the toys , the elves are only led to believe this , as yetis are actually responsible for making the toys in the film .","Disney had the theme of Christmas elves for their 2009 short film , Prep & Landing , which tells the tale of an elite group of elves that make houses ready for Santa 's deliveries .","It was the first holiday television special made by Walt Disney Animation Studios .","The Christmas Elves were featured in Arthur Christmas ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5954647762363756154","input":"how many state do we have in biafra","passages":[{"title":"Biafra","text":"The bank was first located in Enugu , but due to the ongoing war , the bank was relocated several times . Biafra attempted to finance the war through foreign exchange . After Nigeria announced their currency would no longer be legal tender ( to make way for a new currency ) , this effort increased . After the announcement , tons of Nigerian bank notes were transported in an effort to acquire foreign exchange . The currency of Biafra had been the Nigerian pound , until the Bank of Biafra started printing out its own notes , the Biafran pound . The new currency went public on 28 January 1968 , and the Nigerian pound was not accepted as an exchange unit . The first issue of the bank notes included only 5 shillings notes and 1 pound notes . The Bank of Nigeria exchanged only 30 pounds for an individual and 300 pounds for enterprises in the second half of 1968 .","sentences":["The bank was first located in Enugu , but due to the ongoing war , the bank was relocated several times .","Biafra attempted to finance the war through foreign exchange .","After Nigeria announced their currency would no longer be legal tender ( to make way for a new currency ) , this effort increased .","After the announcement , tons of Nigerian bank notes were transported in an effort to acquire foreign exchange .","The currency of Biafra had been the Nigerian pound , until the Bank of Biafra started printing out its own notes , the Biafran pound .","The new currency went public on 28 January 1968 , and the Nigerian pound was not accepted as an exchange unit .","The first issue of the bank notes included only 5 shillings notes and 1 pound notes .","The Bank of Nigeria exchanged only 30 pounds for an individual and 300 pounds for enterprises in the second half of 1968 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4355634036383156027","input":"why did athens and sparta fought the peloponnesian war","passages":[{"title":"Peloponnesian War","text":"After the death of Pericles , the Athenians turned somewhat against his conservative , defensive strategy and to the more aggressive strategy of bringing the war to Sparta and its allies . Rising to particular importance in Athenian democracy at this time was Cleon , a leader of the hawkish elements of the Athenian democracy . Led militarily by a clever new general Demosthenes ( not to be confused with the later Athenian orator Demosthenes ) , the Athenians managed some successes as they continued their naval raids on the Peloponnese . Athens stretched their military activities into Boeotia and Aetolia , quelled the Mytilenean revolt and began fortifying posts around the Peloponnese . One of these posts was near Pylos on a tiny island called Sphacteria , where the course of the first war turned in Athens 's favour . The post off Pylos struck Sparta where it was weakest : its dependence on the helots , who tended the fields while its citizens trained to become soldiers . The helots made the Spartan system possible , but now the post off Pylos began attracting helot runaways . In addition , the fear of a general revolt of helots emboldened by the nearby Athenian presence drove the Spartans to action . Demosthenes , however , outmanoeuvred the Spartans in the Battle of Pylos in 425 BC and trapped a group of Spartan soldiers on Sphacteria as he waited for them to surrender . Weeks later , though , Demosthenes proved unable to finish off the Spartans . After boasting that he could put an end to the affair in the Assembly , the inexperienced Cleon won a great victory at the Battle of Sphacteria . The Athenians captured 300 Spartan hoplites . The hostages gave the Athenians a bargaining chip .","sentences":["After the death of Pericles , the Athenians turned somewhat against his conservative , defensive strategy and to the more aggressive strategy of bringing the war to Sparta and its allies .","Rising to particular importance in Athenian democracy at this time was Cleon , a leader of the hawkish elements of the Athenian democracy .","Led militarily by a clever new general Demosthenes ( not to be confused with the later Athenian orator Demosthenes ) , the Athenians managed some successes as they continued their naval raids on the Peloponnese .","Athens stretched their military activities into Boeotia and Aetolia , quelled the Mytilenean revolt and began fortifying posts around the Peloponnese .","One of these posts was near Pylos on a tiny island called Sphacteria , where the course of the first war turned in Athens 's favour .","The post off Pylos struck Sparta where it was weakest : its dependence on the helots , who tended the fields while its citizens trained to become soldiers .","The helots made the Spartan system possible , but now the post off Pylos began attracting helot runaways .","In addition , the fear of a general revolt of helots emboldened by the nearby Athenian presence drove the Spartans to action .","Demosthenes , however , outmanoeuvred the Spartans in the Battle of Pylos in 425 BC and trapped a group of Spartan soldiers on Sphacteria as he waited for them to surrender .","Weeks later , though , Demosthenes proved unable to finish off the Spartans .","After boasting that he could put an end to the affair in the Assembly , the inexperienced Cleon won a great victory at the Battle of Sphacteria .","The Athenians captured 300 Spartan hoplites .","The hostages gave the Athenians a bargaining chip ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5409152087454355417","input":"who has won the league 3 times in a row","passages":[{"title":"List of English football champions","text":"Year Champions ( number of titles ) Points Runners - up Points Third place Points Top goalscorer Goals 1992 -- 93 Manchester United ( 8 ) 84 Aston Villa 74 Norwich City 72 Teddy Sheringham ( Nottingham Forest \/ Tottenham ) 22 1993 -- 94 Manchester United ( 9 ) 92 Blackburn Rovers 84 Newcastle United 77 Andrew Cole ( Newcastle United ) 34 1994 -- 95 Blackburn Rovers ( 3 ) 89 Manchester United 88 Nottingham Forest 77 Alan Shearer ( Blackburn Rovers ) 34 1995 -- 96 Manchester United ( 10 ) 82 Newcastle United 78 Liverpool 71 Alan Shearer ( Blackburn Rovers ) 31 1996 -- 97 Manchester United ( 11 ) 75 Newcastle United 68 Arsenal 68 Alan Shearer ( Newcastle United ) 25 1997 -- 98 Arsenal ( 11 ) 78 Manchester United 77 Liverpool 65 Chris Sutton ( Blackburn Rovers ) Dion Dublin ( Coventry City ) Michael Owen ( Liverpool ) 18 1998 -- 99 Manchester United ( 12 ) 79 Arsenal 78 Chelsea 75 Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink ( Leeds United ) Michael Owen ( Liverpool ) Dwight Yorke ( Manchester United ) 18 1999 -- 2000 Manchester United ( 13 ) 91 Arsenal 73 Leeds United 69 Kevin Phillips ( Sunderland ) 30 2000 -- 01 Manchester United ( 14 ) 80 Arsenal 70 Liverpool 69 Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink ( Chelsea ) 23 2001 -- 02 Arsenal ( 12 ) 87 Liverpool 80 Manchester United 77 Thierry Henry ( Arsenal ) 24 2002 -- 03 Manchester United ( 15 ) 83 Arsenal 78 Newcastle United 69 Ruud van Nistelrooy ( Manchester United ) 25 2003 -- 04 Arsenal ( 13 ) 90 Chelsea 79 Manchester United 75 Thierry Henry ( Arsenal ) 30 2004 -- 05 Chelsea ( 2 ) 95 Arsenal 83 Manchester United 77 Thierry Henry ( Arsenal ) 25 2005 -- 06 Chelsea ( 3 ) 91 Manchester United 83 Liverpool 82 Thierry Henry ( Arsenal ) 27 2006 -- 07 Manchester United ( 16 ) 89 Chelsea 83 Liverpool 68 Didier Drogba ( Chelsea ) 20 2007 -- 08 Manchester United ( 17 ) 87 Chelsea 85 Arsenal 83 Cristiano Ronaldo ( Manchester United ) 31 2008 -- 09 Manchester United ( 18 ) 90 Liverpool 86 Chelsea 83 Nicolas Anelka ( Chelsea ) 19 2009 -- 10 Chelsea ( 4 ) 86 Manchester United 85 Arsenal 75 Didier Drogba ( Chelsea ) 29 2010 -- 11 Manchester United ( 19 ) 80 Chelsea 71 Manchester City 71 Dimitar Berbatov ( Manchester United ) Carlos Tevez ( Manchester City ) 20 2011 -- 12 Manchester City ( 3 ) 89 Manchester United 89 Arsenal 70 Robin van Persie ( Arsenal ) 30 2012 -- 13 Manchester United ( 20 ) 89 Manchester City 78 Chelsea 75 Robin van Persie ( Manchester United ) 26 2013 -- 14 Manchester City ( 4 ) 86 Liverpool 84 Chelsea 82 Luis Su\u00e1rez ( Liverpool ) 31 2014 -- 15 Chelsea ( 5 ) 87 Manchester City 79 Arsenal 75 Sergio Ag\u00fcero ( Manchester City ) 26 2015 -- 16 Leicester City 81 Arsenal 71 Tottenham Hotspur 70 Harry Kane ( Tottenham Hotspur ) 25 2016 -- 17 Chelsea ( 6 ) 93 Tottenham Hotspur 86 Manchester City 78 Harry Kane ( Tottenham Hotspur ) 29","sentences":["Year Champions ( number of titles ) Points Runners - up Points Third place Points Top goalscorer Goals 1992 -- 93 Manchester United ( 8 ) 84 Aston Villa 74 Norwich City 72","Teddy Sheringham ( Nottingham Forest \/ Tottenham ) 22 1993 -- 94 Manchester United ( 9 ) 92 Blackburn Rovers 84 Newcastle United 77 Andrew Cole ( Newcastle United ) 34 1994 -- 95 Blackburn Rovers ( 3 ) 89 Manchester United 88 Nottingham Forest 77 Alan Shearer ( Blackburn Rovers ) 34 1995 -- 96 Manchester United ( 10 ) 82 Newcastle United 78 Liverpool 71 Alan Shearer ( Blackburn Rovers ) 31 1996 -- 97 Manchester United ( 11 ) 75 Newcastle United 68 Arsenal 68 Alan Shearer ( Newcastle United ) 25 1997 -- 98 Arsenal ( 11 ) 78","Manchester United 77 Liverpool 65 Chris Sutton ( Blackburn Rovers )","Dion Dublin ( Coventry City )","Michael Owen ( Liverpool ) 18 1998 -- 99 Manchester United ( 12 ) 79","Arsenal 78 Chelsea 75 Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink ( Leeds United ) Michael Owen ( Liverpool )","Dwight Yorke ( Manchester United ) 18 1999 -- 2000 Manchester United ( 13 )","91","Arsenal 73 Leeds United 69 Kevin Phillips ( Sunderland ) 30 2000 -- 01 Manchester United ( 14 ) 80 Arsenal 70 Liverpool 69 Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink ( Chelsea ) 23 2001 -- 02 Arsenal ( 12 )","87 Liverpool 80 Manchester United 77 Thierry Henry ( Arsenal ) 24 2002 -- 03 Manchester United ( 15 ) 83 Arsenal 78 Newcastle United 69 Ruud van Nistelrooy","( Manchester United ) 25 2003 -- 04 Arsenal ( 13 ) 90","Chelsea 79 Manchester United 75 Thierry Henry ( Arsenal ) 30 2004 -- 05 Chelsea ( 2 ) 95","Arsenal 83 Manchester United 77 Thierry Henry ( Arsenal ) 25 2005 -- 06 Chelsea ( 3 ) 91 Manchester United 83 Liverpool 82 Thierry Henry ( Arsenal ) 27 2006 -- 07 Manchester United ( 16 ) 89 Chelsea 83 Liverpool 68 Didier Drogba ( Chelsea ) 20 2007 -- 08 Manchester United ( 17 ) 87 Chelsea 85 Arsenal 83 Cristiano Ronaldo ( Manchester United ) 31 2008 -- 09 Manchester United ( 18 ) 90 Liverpool 86 Chelsea 83 Nicolas Anelka ( Chelsea ) 19 2009 -- 10 Chelsea ( 4 ) 86","Manchester United 85 Arsenal 75 Didier Drogba ( Chelsea ) 29 2010 -- 11 Manchester United ( 19 ) 80 Chelsea 71 Manchester City 71 Dimitar Berbatov ( Manchester United ) Carlos Tevez ( Manchester City ) 20 2011 -- 12 Manchester City ( 3 ) 89 Manchester United 89 Arsenal 70 Robin van Persie ( Arsenal ) 30 2012 -- 13 Manchester United ( 20 ) 89","Manchester City 78 Chelsea 75","Robin van Persie ( Manchester United ) 26 2013 -- 14 Manchester City ( 4 )","86 Liverpool 84 Chelsea 82 Luis Su\u00e1rez ( Liverpool ) 31 2014 -- 15 Chelsea ( 5 ) 87","Manchester City 79 Arsenal 75 Sergio Ag\u00fcero ( Manchester City )","26 2015 -- 16 Leicester City 81 Arsenal 71 Tottenham Hotspur 70 Harry Kane ( Tottenham Hotspur ) 25 2016 -- 17 Chelsea ( 6 ) 93 Tottenham Hotspur 86 Manchester City 78 Harry Kane ( Tottenham Hotspur ) 29"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7723523311529724499","input":"when did the movie red tails come out","passages":[{"title":"The Tuskegee Airmen","text":"Actor Role Laurence Fishburne Capt . Hannibal `` Iowa '' Lee , Jr . Allen Payne Cdt . Walter Peoples Malcolm - Jamal Warner Lt. Leroy Cappy Courtney B. Vance 2ndLt . Glenn Andre Braugher Col. Benjamin O. Davis , Jr . Christopher McDonald Maj . Sherman Joy Daniel Hugh Kelly Col. Rogers John Lithgow Sen. Conyers Cuba Gooding Jr . Lt. Billy `` A-Train '' Roberts Mekhi Phifer Cdt . Lewis Johns","sentences":["Actor Role Laurence Fishburne Capt .","Hannibal `` Iowa '' Lee , Jr .","Allen Payne Cdt .","Walter Peoples Malcolm - Jamal Warner Lt. Leroy Cappy Courtney B. Vance 2ndLt .","Glenn Andre Braugher Col. Benjamin O. Davis , Jr .","Christopher McDonald Maj .","Sherman Joy Daniel Hugh Kelly Col. Rogers John Lithgow Sen. Conyers Cuba Gooding Jr .","Lt. Billy `` A-Train '' Roberts Mekhi Phifer Cdt .","Lewis Johns"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6603844597134865763","input":"why cannot a particle in a infinitely deep potential well have zero energy","passages":[{"title":"Particle in a box","text":"i \u0127 \u2202 \u2202 t \u03c8 ( x , t ) = \u2212 \u0127 2 2 m \u2202 2 \u2202 x 2 \u03c8 ( x , t ) + V ( x ) \u03c8 ( x , t ) , ( \\ displaystyle i \\ hbar ( \\ frac ( \\ partial ) ( \\ partial t ) ) \\ psi ( x , t ) = - ( \\ frac ( \\ hbar ^ ( 2 ) ) ( 2m ) ) ( \\ frac ( \\ partial ^ ( 2 ) ) ( \\ partial x ^ ( 2 ) ) ) \\ psi ( x , t ) + V ( x ) \\ psi ( x , t ) , )","sentences":["i \u0127 \u2202 \u2202 t \u03c8 ( x , t )","= \u2212 \u0127 2 2 m \u2202 2 \u2202 x 2 \u03c8 ( x , t )","+ V ( x ) \u03c8 ( x , t ) , ( \\ displaystyle i \\ hbar ( \\ frac ( \\ partial ) ( \\ partial t ) )","\\ psi ( x , t ) = - ( \\ frac ( \\ hbar ^","( 2 ) )","( 2m ) )","( \\ frac ( \\ partial ^","( 2 ) )","( \\ partial x ^ ( 2 ) ) )","\\ psi ( x , t )","+ V ( x ) \\ psi ( x , t ) , )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"35148114676129542","input":"where does d gray man hallow pick up","passages":[{"title":"List of D.Gray-man Hallow episodes","text":"No. in series No. in season Title Original air date 104 `` The 14th '' `` 14 Banme '' ( 14 \u756a\u76ee ) July 4 , 2016 After finishing an Innocence retrieval mission in a graveyard while fighting monsters known as Akumas , Allen Walker and fellow Exorcists head to the newly built Headquarters for the first time . Upon reaching the Headquarters , Allen is greeted by Inspector Malcolm C. Rouvelier . Binding Allen 's left arm with seals , Rouvelier has Allen brought before his former master , General Cross Marian . Cross tells Allen that he will soon become the host of the 14th Noah , one of the immortal beings allied with Millennium Earl , the maker of Akumas . The 14th , also the younger brother of Allen 's late adoptive father Mana Walker , was killed by the Earl after his betrayal . Cross tells Allen that he will kill someone important to him once he becomes the 14th . That night , Cross has an unseen visitor and is found dead in his room the next morning . 105 `` Lonely Boy '' `` Ronr\u012b B\u014di '' ( \u30ed\u30f3\u30ea\u30fc \u30dc\u30fc\u30a4 ) July 11 , 2016 After Cross 's body disappears , Allen finds a message from him inside Timcanpy , stating that Timcanpy now belongs to Allen , and that he should stop hiding behind Mana 's `` mask '' . Later , Allen , Yu Kanda , Noise Marie , and Howard Link go on a mission in Paris to capture the Phantom Thief G . The Exorcists catch G stealing a crown in a museum but he escapes by possessing the bodies of others , including Link of the Black Order . After Allen scares G into deserting Link 's body by stabbing him with his Sword of Exorcism , Marie manages to track his cries to his real body . They find out that G is a young boy named Timothy living in the Hearst Orphanage . While there , the Orphanage is sealed in a separate dimension with dark magic and they are attacked by a Level 4 Akuma accompanied by multiple high leveled Akuma . A Level 2 Akuma who can turn people into dolls within 6 seconds captures G. Link goes to his rescue but is turned into a doll . 106 `` I 'll Be Okay After I Wash My Face '' `` Kao o araeba Daij\u014dbu '' ( \u9854 \u3092 \u6d17 \u3048\u3070 \u5927\u4e08\u592b ) July 18 , 2016 Timothy awakens as an Accommodator , and uses his Innocence to possess a Level 2 Akuma to fight back . The red - cloaked Crow Madarao appears to break the seal and enter the orphanage and `` absorbs '' the remaining Akuma . Allen manages to injure the Level 4 Akuma after stabbing himself and the Akuma with his sword . This accidentally brings out the 14th , who sends a message to the Earl through the Akuma . Kanda appears a while later and finishes the Akuma with Allen . Later , Timothy decides he will also become an Exorcist , on the condition that the Order pays for all the crimes he committed and keep the orphanage running . Timothy says a tearful farewell to the kindly Mother as Allen watches with a smile , commenting to Link that they were just like him and Mana . 107 `` Blood Crusade '' `` Seisen Buraddo '' ( \u8056\u6226 \u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30c9 ) July 25 , 2016 Allen has a dream during the night in which he meets Mana once more . When Lenalee Lee sees Allen as he wakes up , she thinks that he looks like a different person . Renny Epstain , Chief of the North American Branch arrives and reveals that her red - cloaked companions are Third Exorcists , created by the North American branch using a fragment from the Akuma Egg that the Exorcists tried to destroy back in Lulu Bell 's attack . Shortly after , the last Noah , Wisely , awakes . The Millennium Earl gathers the 12 Noah apostles and announces a worldwide attack of Akuma on an unprecedented scale . Allen and the Exorcists are soon engaged in battle with hoards of Akuma . The Third Exorcists are dispatched to help and they easily destroy the Akuma , however Allen is disturbed to find that the Akuma 's souls are also destroyed and not released . Suddenly , the Noah Tyki Mikk , Sheril Kamelot and Mercyma attack them , incapacitating Tokusa . Meanwhile , Kanda is taken down by Wisely , who claims he needs his memories to wake Alma Karma . Before losing consciousness , Kanda hears a woman 's voice . 108 `` Alma Karma '' `` Aruma Karuma '' ( \u30a2\u30eb\u30de = \u30ab\u30eb\u30de ) August 1 , 2016 The scientists are given a lecture by North American Branch Head Renny Epstain about Alma Karma 's holding facility . Alma has been in a coma for nine years . His cells were fused with the Akuma Egg and then were used to create the five Third Exorcists . Suddenly , the Earl and Road Kamelot arrive at the North American Headquarters and summon several Level 4 Akuma to attack . Meanwhile Sheril Kamelot uses his ability to force several Black Order members in the Branch to march to Alma 's compound . They place the unconscious Kanda next to Alma . Soon after , Allen and Tokusa are also transported there via a Noah 's Ark . As the Earl holds Allen prisoner , the 14th takes over Allen 's body and greets the Earl , telling him he will kill him and become the new Earl . Suppressing the 14th , Allen tries to save his friends alongside the revived Kanda . However , Wisely sends Allen , Road , Kanda and Alma 's consciousness into Kanda 's memories of nine years ago , when Alma was still alive . 109 6 `` Friend '' `` friend '' ( friend ) August 8 , 2016 Kanda 's memories show the time 9 years ago when Kanda ( then called Yu ) and Alma were children and were `` Second Exorcists '' living in the Sixth Laboratory of the Black Order 's Asian Branch . Overseen by then North American Branch Head Sahlins Epstain ( Renny 's father ) , and then Asian Branch Head Twi Chan and her assistant Edgar ( Bak 's parents ) , they were forced to go through harsh synchronizing tests with Innocence daily , repeating the cycle of dying and regenerating . Even through their ordeals and their very different characters , Yu and Alma become best friends . However , Yu starts having hallucinations of a woman near a lotus pond , which Alma mistaken as Fo . As a result of the hallucinations , Sahlins and Twi decided to euthanize Yu . Alma attempts to help Yu escape , but Yu is taken back to the laboratory to be sealed , though not before he chances upon the recently blinded Noise Marie and young Bak Chan . Yu realizes that his hallucinations are memories of his past life , including seeing the woman he loves and that he was once an Exorcist killed by an Akuma . Alma tries to save Yu again , this time by synchronizing with his Innocence for good . Road then reveals to Allen that the `` Second Exorcists '' are artificial humans created by planting the brains of dead Exorcists in new , regenerative bodies to ensure their synchronization with Innocence . 110 7 `` The Truth about a Sterile Flower '' `` Adabana no Shinjitsu '' ( \u5f92\u82b1 \u306e \u771f\u5b9f ) August 15 , 2016 As Yu 's desire to meet his past lover enables him to cancel out the sealing enchantments and synchronize with his Innocence , Bak Chan demands that Fo open the way to the Sixth Laboratory , where his parents are , but Fo is under orders from Twi to keep the hallway sealed , letting only Renny escape . Meanwhile , Yu finds a comatose Marie slated to become the next Second Exorcist , and accidentally heals his mortal wound with his blood . Yu and Marie go to find Alma to escape the Order together , only to find that Alma has killed all the scientists in the Laboratory , including the Branch Heads because he recovered the terrible memories of his past life along with his Innocence . Alma tries to kill Yu to end the Second Exorcist program , but Yu 's desire to live and find his love , spurs him to kill Alma in tears . Allen , enraged by Kanda letting all his past secrets be laid bare , is finally able to break free of Wisely 's control and punches Kanda in the real world to knock him back to his senses . However , the memories brought out by Wisely causes Alma to resurface as an Akuma , destroying the North American Branch . As Alma wakes up , he is confronted by Kanda . 111 8 `` Awakening '' `` Kakusei '' ( \u899a\u9192 ) August 22 , 2016 Tokusa manages to save almost everyone from the explosion caused by Alma 's awakening using his Crow seals . However , he starts turning into an Akuma , along with all the Third Exorcists , as a result of Alma 's cells inside them mutating from Alma 's anger towards the Order . Allen 's Innocence activates automatically to destroy Tokusa , but Allen refuses to kill him . Bak uses his spirit stone to seal Tokusa and summons Fo to hold off Tyki . Master Zu Mei Chan arrives and uses his golem Atuuda to heal the wounds of the others and tells Allen that only Kanda can save Alma . Allen then tries to stop Kanda , who has lost control from grief and is locked in a fight to the death with Alma . As the fight continues , Alma 's regenerative powers diminish , and Allen defends him , and as a result , Kanda turns on Allen instead . When Kanda stabs Allen with his Mugen , the 14th Noah reacts with hatred to the Innocence and starts awakening , much to the Earl 's joy . 112 9 `` Little Goodbyes '' `` Ritoru Gubbai '' ( \u30ea\u30c8\u30eb \u30fb \u30b0\u30c3\u30d0\u30a4 ) August 29 , 2016 Allen meets the 14th Noah , Nea in his sub-consciousness . However , the illusion of Mana Walker awakens Allen 's cursed left eye , causing him to regain consciousness . Timcanpy expands and a spell inside him activates , breaking the Earl 's barrier upon the Branch . Allen is able to see Alma 's Akuma soul , learning Alma is in fact the woman Kanda loved in his previous life . Alma self - destructs to prevent Kanda from knowing this , but both are still alive after the explosion , and Kanda finally learns the truth . Allen then transports Kanda and Alma to the secret underground chamber beneath Mater through his Noah 's Ark , where Kanda and Alma can finally be free . However , even after Alma 's death , the Third Exorcists continue rampaging and two of the Thirds are destroyed . Lavi and Bookman are kidnapped by the Noah Tryde and Chaoji Han is seriously injured . As Allen tries to persuade Tokusa to resist his Akuma mutation , Link arrives with Tewaku and binds Allen with his seals . 113 10 `` Sinner in Despair '' `` Zetsub\u014d no Zainin '' ( \u7d76\u671b \u306e \u7f6a\u4eba ) September 5 , 2016 The Third Exorcist Tokusa continues to mutate and attacks Allen . To protect Tokusa , Tewaku also mutates and tries to attack Allen , only to be repelled by Timcanpy who has grown huge . The Earl states that he will not allow the Order to break the rules and fight with his own weapons . He and the Noah then leave , taking the remaining Third Exorcists with them . Allen and Timcanpy are then shackled and imprisoned for enabling Kanda and Alma to escape . The Noah try to understand why the Earl is so affected by the 14th that he cried himself to sleep . Sheril holds Lavi hostage to force Bookman to reveal information about the 14th . Link reports to the Vatican about the Noah attack , also stating that Allen is not eating and refusing to lead them to Kanda and Alma . Head chef Jerry tries to cheer up the Exorcists and scientists in the canteen by preparing a delicious feast but they are more worried about Allen . Link takes food to Allen in his cell and tells Allen about the guilt he feels because of his past friendship with the Thirds , and his role in their transformation . Allen starts turning into the 14th just as a suspicious Cardinal comes in and promises to `` heal '' him . 114 11 `` The Hidden One '' `` Kakusa Reta Mono '' ( \u96a0 \u3055\u308c \u305f \u3082\u306e ) September 12 , 2016 Link tries to stop the Cardinal when he attacks Allen , but is easily defeated . Allen attacks the Cardinal with his Innocence , but discovers that he is a non-human being as well as the person who fatally shot Cross Marian . Tyki , Road and the Third Exorcists arrive under orders from the Earl to save Allen . Tyki reveals the Cardinal is actually Apocryphos , a sentient Innocence existing solely to protect the Heart , for which the Noah have been searching for 7000 years . A fierce battle ensues between Apocryphos and Tyki . Meanwhile , the Exorcists and scientists ask Rouvelier and Komui Lee to free Allen , but to no avail . Apocryphos overwhelms Tyki and attempts to merge with Allen to stop the 14th , but Allen resists and is helped by Road and Link . Link frees Timcanpy and explodes a hole in the prison wall so that Allen can escape with the Noah and is later punished by Apocryphos . The Pope revokes Allen 's rights as an Exorcist and Komui commands all Exorcists to capture Allen . Lenalee refuses to believe that Allen has betrayed them and chases after him . 115 12 `` My Home '' `` Mai H\u014dmu '' ( My Home ) September 19 , 2016 The Black Order deals with the aftermath of the appearance of Apocryphos . Over the body of the mortally wounded Link , Master Zu accuses Rouvelier of exploiting people within the Order for his own goals . As Allen and the Noah rest after escaping from Apocryphos , Tyki questions Allen about his affiliation with the Order since they began treating him as a Noah . Allen and Tyki debate the methods used by each side in the conflict and accuse each other 's sides of using ruthless tactics . Meanwhile the Exorcists try reaching Allen but they are cornered by several Akuma who are backed up by the Thirds . Lenalee is also intercepted by the Thirds and Akuma . Allen still decides he wants to remain an Exorcist so Tyki leaves and Road disappears shortly after that . Allen prepares to leave the Order compound with a now smaller Timcampy using his Noah 's Ark . Just then , Lenalee arrives and tells him they will become enemies in the future if he leaves . Nevertheless , Allen says he will remain an Exorcist and after hugging her , he leaves . 116 13 `` Walker '' `` W\u014dk\u0101 '' ( \u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc ) September 26 , 2016 Many years ago , Cross Marian takes a young Allen to a caretaker , knowing that he will eventually become the 14th and disappear . Allen was traumatized after attempting to revive his guardian Mana and turning him into an Akuma . Cross took care of Allen , who slowly recovered but started behaving like Mana . In the present day , Allen appears at her doorstep . Meanwhile the Noah discuss the arrival of Apocryphos and its implications . Sheril has not managed to extract any information about the 14th from Bookman or Lavi and rages when he can not understand why Road protected Allen Walker . Three months later the Exorcists and staff have mixed feelings about Allen 's behavior and disappearance . Kanda returns to the Order but is unforgiving and quite rude to everyone . He makes peace with Zu as the old dying scientist regrets his actions in launching the Second Exorcist Project . When Kanda synchronizes with his Innocence , it turns into a crystallized form and he becomes an Exorcist again . Kanda says that he only returned as self - redemption for awakening the 14th . Elsewhere , Allen starts fighting Akuma who react to his transformation into the 14th . As Nea the 14th , whenever he starts to transform again , he remembers Mana 's and Cross 's words of encouragement , which enable him to remember his past as Allen Walker .","sentences":["No. in series No. in season Title Original air date 104 `` The 14th '' `` 14 Banme '' ( 14 \u756a\u76ee ) July 4 , 2016 After finishing an Innocence retrieval mission in a graveyard while fighting monsters known as Akumas , Allen Walker and fellow Exorcists head to the newly built Headquarters for the first time .","Upon reaching the Headquarters , Allen is greeted by Inspector Malcolm C. Rouvelier .","Binding Allen 's left arm with seals",", Rouvelier has Allen brought before his former master , General Cross Marian .","Cross tells Allen that he will soon become the host of the 14th Noah , one of the immortal beings allied with Millennium Earl , the maker of Akumas .","The 14th , also the younger brother of Allen 's late adoptive father Mana Walker , was killed by the Earl after his betrayal .","Cross tells Allen that he will kill someone important to him once he becomes the 14th .","That night , Cross has an unseen visitor and is found dead in his room the next morning .","105 `` Lonely Boy '' `` Ronr\u012b B\u014di '' ( \u30ed\u30f3\u30ea\u30fc \u30dc\u30fc\u30a4 )","July 11 , 2016 After Cross 's body disappears , Allen finds a message from him inside Timcanpy , stating that Timcanpy now belongs to Allen , and that he should stop hiding behind Mana 's `` mask '' .","Later , Allen , Yu Kanda , Noise Marie , and Howard Link go on a mission in Paris to capture the Phantom Thief G .","The Exorcists catch G stealing a crown in a museum but he escapes by possessing the bodies of others , including Link of the Black Order .","After Allen scares G into deserting Link 's body by stabbing him with his Sword of Exorcism , Marie manages to track his cries to his real body .","They find out that G is a young boy named Timothy living in the Hearst Orphanage .","While there , the Orphanage is sealed in a separate dimension with dark magic and they are attacked by a Level 4 Akuma accompanied by multiple high leveled Akuma .","A Level 2 Akuma who can turn people into dolls within 6 seconds captures G. Link goes to his rescue but is turned into a doll .","106 `` I 'll Be Okay","After I Wash My Face '' `` Kao o araeba Daij\u014dbu '' ( \u9854 \u3092 \u6d17 \u3048\u3070 \u5927\u4e08\u592b )","July 18 , 2016 Timothy awakens as an Accommodator , and uses his Innocence to possess a Level 2 Akuma to fight back .","The red - cloaked Crow Madarao appears to break the seal and enter the orphanage and `` absorbs '' the remaining Akuma .","Allen manages to injure the Level 4 Akuma after stabbing himself and the Akuma with his sword .","This accidentally brings out the 14th , who sends a message to the Earl through the Akuma .","Kanda appears a while later and finishes the Akuma with Allen .","Later , Timothy decides he will also become an Exorcist , on the condition that the Order pays for all the crimes he committed and keep the orphanage running .","Timothy says a tearful farewell to the kindly Mother as Allen watches with a smile , commenting to Link that they were just like him and Mana .","107 `` Blood Crusade '' `` Seisen Buraddo '' ( \u8056\u6226 \u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30c9 )","July 25 , 2016 Allen has a dream during the night in which he meets Mana once more .","When Lenalee Lee sees Allen as he wakes up , she thinks that he looks like a different person .","Renny Epstain , Chief of the North American Branch arrives and reveals that her red - cloaked companions are Third Exorcists , created by the North American branch using a fragment from the Akuma Egg that the Exorcists tried to destroy back in Lulu Bell 's attack .","Shortly after , the last Noah , Wisely , awakes .","The Millennium Earl gathers the 12 Noah apostles and announces a worldwide attack of Akuma on an unprecedented scale .","Allen and the Exorcists are soon engaged in battle with hoards of Akuma .","The Third Exorcists are dispatched to help and they easily destroy the Akuma , however Allen is disturbed to find that the Akuma 's souls are also destroyed and not released .","Suddenly , the Noah Tyki Mikk , Sheril Kamelot and Mercyma attack them , incapacitating Tokusa .","Meanwhile , Kanda is taken down by Wisely , who claims he needs his memories to wake Alma Karma .","Before losing consciousness , Kanda hears a woman 's voice .","108 `` Alma Karma '' `` Aruma Karuma '' ( \u30a2\u30eb\u30de = \u30ab\u30eb\u30de )","August 1 , 2016 The scientists are given a lecture by North American Branch Head Renny Epstain about Alma Karma 's holding facility .","Alma has been in a coma for nine years .","His cells were fused with the Akuma Egg and then were used to create the five Third Exorcists .","Suddenly , the Earl and Road Kamelot arrive at the North American Headquarters and summon several Level 4 Akuma to attack .","Meanwhile Sheril Kamelot uses his ability to force several Black Order members in the Branch to march to Alma 's compound .","They place the unconscious Kanda next to Alma .","Soon after , Allen and Tokusa are also transported there via a Noah 's Ark .","As the Earl holds Allen prisoner , the 14th takes over Allen 's body and greets the Earl , telling him he will kill him and become the new Earl .","Suppressing the 14th , Allen tries to save his friends alongside the revived Kanda .","However , Wisely sends Allen , Road , Kanda and Alma 's consciousness into Kanda 's memories of nine years ago , when Alma was still alive .","109 6 `` Friend '' `` friend '' ( friend )","August 8 , 2016 Kanda 's memories show the time 9 years ago when Kanda ( then called Yu ) and Alma were children and were `` Second Exorcists '' living in the Sixth Laboratory of the Black Order 's Asian Branch .","Overseen by then North American Branch Head Sahlins Epstain ( Renny 's father ) , and then Asian Branch Head Twi Chan and her assistant Edgar ( Bak 's parents ) , they were forced to go through harsh synchronizing tests with Innocence daily , repeating the cycle of dying and regenerating .","Even through their ordeals and their very different characters , Yu and Alma become best friends .","However , Yu starts having hallucinations of a woman near a lotus pond , which Alma mistaken as Fo .","As a result of the hallucinations , Sahlins and Twi decided to euthanize Yu .","Alma attempts to help Yu escape , but Yu is taken back to the laboratory to be sealed , though not before he chances upon the recently blinded Noise Marie and young Bak Chan .","Yu realizes that his hallucinations are memories of his past life , including seeing the woman he loves and that he was once an Exorcist killed by an Akuma .","Alma tries to save Yu again , this time by synchronizing with his Innocence for good .","Road then reveals to Allen that the `` Second Exorcists '' are artificial humans created by planting the brains of dead Exorcists in new , regenerative bodies to ensure their synchronization with Innocence .","110 7 `` The Truth about a Sterile Flower '' `` Adabana no Shinjitsu '' ( \u5f92\u82b1 \u306e \u771f\u5b9f )","August 15 , 2016 As Yu 's desire to meet his past lover enables him to cancel out the sealing enchantments and synchronize with his Innocence , Bak Chan demands that Fo open the way to the Sixth Laboratory , where his parents are , but Fo is under orders from Twi to keep the hallway sealed , letting only Renny escape .","Meanwhile , Yu finds a comatose Marie slated to become the next Second Exorcist , and accidentally heals his mortal wound with his blood .","Yu and Marie go to find Alma to escape the Order together , only to find that Alma has killed all the scientists in the Laboratory , including the Branch Heads because he recovered the terrible memories of his past life along with his Innocence .","Alma tries to kill Yu to end the Second Exorcist program , but Yu 's desire to live and find his love , spurs him to kill Alma in tears .","Allen , enraged by Kanda letting all his past secrets be laid bare , is finally able to break free of Wisely 's control and punches Kanda in the real world to knock him back to his senses .","However , the memories brought out by Wisely causes Alma to resurface as an Akuma , destroying the North American Branch .","As Alma wakes up , he is confronted by Kanda .","111 8 `` Awakening '' `` Kakusei '' ( \u899a\u9192 )","August 22 , 2016 Tokusa manages to save almost everyone from the explosion caused by Alma 's awakening using his Crow seals .","However , he starts turning into an Akuma , along with all the Third Exorcists , as a result of Alma 's cells inside them mutating from Alma 's anger towards the Order .","Allen 's Innocence activates automatically to destroy Tokusa , but Allen refuses to kill him .","Bak uses his spirit stone to seal Tokusa and summons Fo to hold off Tyki .","Master Zu Mei Chan arrives and uses his golem Atuuda to heal the wounds of the others and tells Allen that only Kanda can save Alma .","Allen then tries to stop Kanda , who has lost control from grief and is locked in a fight to the death with Alma .","As the fight continues , Alma 's regenerative powers diminish , and Allen defends him , and as a result , Kanda turns on Allen instead .","When Kanda stabs Allen with his Mugen , the 14th Noah reacts with hatred to the Innocence and starts awakening , much to the Earl 's joy .","112 9 `` Little Goodbyes '' `` Ritoru Gubbai '' ( \u30ea\u30c8\u30eb \u30fb \u30b0\u30c3\u30d0\u30a4 )","August 29 , 2016 Allen meets the 14th Noah , Nea in his sub-consciousness .","However , the illusion of Mana Walker awakens Allen 's cursed left eye , causing him to regain consciousness .","Timcanpy expands and a spell inside him activates , breaking the Earl 's barrier upon the Branch .","Allen is able to see Alma 's Akuma soul , learning Alma is in fact the woman Kanda loved in his previous life .","Alma self - destructs to prevent Kanda from knowing this , but both are still alive after the explosion , and Kanda finally learns the truth .","Allen then transports Kanda and Alma to the secret underground chamber beneath Mater through his Noah 's Ark , where Kanda and Alma can finally be free .","However , even after Alma 's death , the Third Exorcists continue rampaging and two of the Thirds are destroyed .","Lavi and Bookman are kidnapped by the Noah Tryde and Chaoji Han is seriously injured .","As Allen tries to persuade Tokusa to resist his Akuma mutation , Link arrives with Tewaku and binds Allen with his seals .","113 10 `` Sinner in Despair '' `` Zetsub\u014d no Zainin '' ( \u7d76\u671b \u306e \u7f6a\u4eba ) September 5 , 2016 The Third Exorcist Tokusa continues to mutate and attacks Allen .","To protect Tokusa , Tewaku also mutates and tries to attack Allen , only to be repelled by Timcanpy who has grown huge .","The Earl states that he will not allow the Order to break the rules and fight with his own weapons .","He and the Noah then leave , taking the remaining Third Exorcists with them .","Allen and Timcanpy are then shackled and imprisoned for enabling Kanda and Alma to escape .","The Noah try to understand why the Earl is so affected by the 14th that he cried himself to sleep .","Sheril holds Lavi hostage to force Bookman to reveal information about the 14th .","Link reports to the Vatican about the Noah attack , also stating that Allen is not eating and refusing to lead them to Kanda and Alma .","Head chef Jerry tries to cheer up the Exorcists and scientists in the canteen by preparing a delicious feast but they are more worried about Allen .","Link takes food to Allen in his cell and tells Allen about the guilt he feels because of his past friendship with the Thirds , and his role in their transformation .","Allen starts turning into the 14th just as a suspicious Cardinal comes in and promises to `` heal '' him .","114 11 `` The Hidden One '' `` Kakusa Reta Mono '' ( \u96a0 \u3055\u308c \u305f \u3082\u306e )","September 12 , 2016 Link tries to stop the Cardinal when he attacks Allen , but is easily defeated .","Allen attacks the Cardinal with his Innocence , but discovers that he is a non-human being as well as the person who fatally shot Cross Marian .","Tyki , Road and the Third Exorcists arrive under orders from the Earl to save Allen .","Tyki reveals the Cardinal is actually Apocryphos , a sentient Innocence existing solely to protect the Heart , for which the Noah have been searching for 7000 years .","A fierce battle ensues between Apocryphos and Tyki .","Meanwhile , the Exorcists and scientists ask Rouvelier and Komui Lee to free Allen , but to no avail .","Apocryphos overwhelms Tyki and attempts to merge with Allen to stop the 14th , but Allen resists and is helped by Road and Link .","Link frees Timcanpy and explodes a hole in the prison wall so that Allen can escape with the Noah and is later punished by Apocryphos .","The Pope revokes Allen 's rights as an Exorcist and Komui commands all Exorcists to capture Allen .","Lenalee refuses to believe that Allen has betrayed them and chases after him .","115 12 `` My Home '' `` Mai H\u014dmu '' ( My Home ) September 19 , 2016 The Black Order deals with the aftermath of the appearance of Apocryphos .","Over the body of the mortally wounded Link , Master Zu accuses Rouvelier of exploiting people within the Order for his own goals .","As Allen and the Noah rest after escaping from Apocryphos , Tyki questions Allen about his affiliation with the Order since they began treating him as a Noah .","Allen and Tyki debate the methods used by each side in the conflict and accuse each other 's sides of using ruthless tactics .","Meanwhile the Exorcists try reaching Allen but they are cornered by several Akuma who are backed up by the Thirds .","Lenalee is also intercepted by the Thirds and Akuma .","Allen still decides he wants to remain an Exorcist so Tyki leaves and Road disappears shortly after that .","Allen prepares to leave the Order compound with a now smaller Timcampy using his Noah 's Ark .","Just then , Lenalee arrives and tells him they will become enemies in the future if he leaves .","Nevertheless , Allen says he will remain an Exorcist and after hugging her , he leaves .","116 13 `` Walker '' `` W\u014dk\u0101 '' ( \u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc ) September 26 , 2016","Many years ago , Cross Marian takes a young Allen to a caretaker , knowing that he will eventually become the 14th and disappear .","Allen was traumatized after attempting to revive his guardian Mana and turning him into an Akuma .","Cross took care of Allen , who slowly recovered but started behaving like Mana .","In the present day , Allen appears at her doorstep .","Meanwhile the Noah discuss the arrival of Apocryphos and its implications .","Sheril has not managed to extract any information about the 14th from Bookman or Lavi and rages when he can not understand why Road protected Allen Walker .","Three months later the Exorcists and staff have mixed feelings about Allen 's behavior and disappearance .","Kanda returns to the Order but is unforgiving and quite rude to everyone .","He makes peace with Zu as the old dying scientist regrets his actions in launching the Second Exorcist Project .","When Kanda synchronizes with his Innocence , it turns into a crystallized form and he becomes an Exorcist again .","Kanda says that he only returned as self - redemption for awakening the 14th .","Elsewhere , Allen starts fighting Akuma who react to his transformation into the 14th .","As Nea the 14th , whenever he starts to transform again , he remembers Mana 's and Cross 's words of encouragement , which enable him to remember his past as Allen Walker ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1393037245700961396","input":"what does it mean that a prisoner's petition to the court has standing","passages":[{"title":"Habeas corpus","text":"In 1430 , King W\u0142adys\u0142aw II Jagie\u0142\u0142o of Poland granted the Privilege of Jedlnia , which proclaimed , Neminem captivabimus nisi iure victum ( `` We will not imprison anyone except if convicted by law '' ) . This revolutionary innovation in civil libertarianism gave Polish citizens due process - style rights that did not exist in any other European country for another 250 years . Originally , the Privilege of Jedlnia was restricted to the nobility ( the szlachta ) , but it was extended to cover townsmen in the 1791 Constitution . Importantly , social classifications in the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth were not as rigid as in other European countries ; townspeople and Jews were sometimes ennobled . The Privilege of Jedlnia provided broader coverage than many subsequently enacted habeas corpus laws because Poland 's nobility constituted an unusually large percentage of the country 's total population , which was Europe 's largest . As a result , by the 16th century , it was protecting the liberty of between five hundred thousand and a million Poles .","sentences":["In 1430 , King W\u0142adys\u0142aw II Jagie\u0142\u0142o of Poland granted the Privilege of Jedlnia , which proclaimed , Neminem captivabimus nisi iure victum ( `` We will not imprison anyone except if convicted by law '' ) .","This revolutionary innovation in civil libertarianism gave Polish citizens due process - style rights that did not exist in any other European country for another 250 years .","Originally , the Privilege of Jedlnia was restricted to the nobility ( the szlachta ) , but it was extended to cover townsmen in the 1791 Constitution .","Importantly , social classifications in the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth were not as rigid as in other European countries ; townspeople and Jews were sometimes ennobled .","The Privilege of Jedlnia provided broader coverage than many subsequently enacted habeas corpus laws because Poland 's nobility constituted an unusually large percentage of the country 's total population , which was Europe 's largest .","As a result , by the 16th century , it was protecting the liberty of between five hundred thousand and a million Poles ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5061558768433787580","input":"who played the caveman in night at the museum secret of the tomb","passages":[{"title":"Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb","text":"On January 21 , 2010 , co-writer Thomas Lennon said to Access Hollywood , `` I think it 's a really outstanding idea to do Night at the Museum 3 , in fact . I wonder if someone 's not even already working on a script for that . I can not confirm that for a fact , but I can not deny it for a fact either ... It might be in the works . '' In an October 2011 interview with The Hollywood Reporter , Stiller confirmed the sequel , however , he said that it was only in the `` ideas stage '' . In February 2013 it was announced that the film , directed by Shawn Levy , would be released on December 25 , 2014 . On September 10 , 2013 , it was announced that shooting would start in February 2014 .","sentences":["On January 21 , 2010 , co-writer Thomas Lennon said to Access Hollywood , `` I think it 's a really outstanding idea to do Night at the Museum 3 , in fact .","I wonder if someone 's not even already working on a script for that .","I can not confirm that for a fact , but I can not deny it for a fact either ...","It might be in the works . ''","In an October 2011 interview with The Hollywood Reporter , Stiller confirmed the sequel , however , he said that it was only in the `` ideas stage '' .","In February 2013 it was announced that the film , directed by Shawn Levy , would be released on December 25 , 2014 .","On September 10 , 2013 , it was announced that shooting would start in February 2014 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6540725261673215525","input":"what was the end of world war 1","passages":[{"title":"World War I","text":"About eight million men surrendered and were held in POW camps during the war . All nations pledged to follow the Hague Conventions on fair treatment of prisoners of war , and the survival rate for POWs was generally much higher than that of combatants at the front . Individual surrenders were uncommon ; large units usually surrendered en masse . At the siege of Maubeuge about 40,000 French soldiers surrendered , at the battle of Galicia Russians took about 100,000 to 120,000 Austrian captives , at the Brusilov Offensive about 325,000 to 417,000 Germans and Austrians surrendered to Russians , and at the Battle of Tannenberg 92,000 Russians surrendered . When the besieged garrison of Kaunas surrendered in 1915 , some 20,000 Russians became prisoners , at the battle near Przasnysz ( February -- March 1915 ) 14,000 Germans surrendered to Russians , and at the First Battle of the Marne about 12,000 Germans surrendered to the Allies. 25 -- 31 % of Russian losses ( as a proportion of those captured , wounded , or killed ) were to prisoner status ; for Austria - Hungary 32 % , for Italy 26 % , for France 12 % , for Germany 9 % ; for Britain 7 % . Prisoners from the Allied armies totalled about 1.4 million ( not including Russia , which lost 2.5 -- 3.5 million men as prisoners ) . From the Central Powers about 3.3 million men became prisoners ; most of them surrendered to Russians . Germany held 2.5 million prisoners ; Russia held 2.2 -- 2.9 million ; while Britain and France held about 720,000 . Most were captured just before the Armistice . The United States held 48,000 . The most dangerous moment was the act of surrender , when helpless soldiers were sometimes gunned down . Once prisoners reached a camp , conditions were , in general , satisfactory ( and much better than in World War II ) , thanks in part to the efforts of the International Red Cross and inspections by neutral nations . However , conditions were terrible in Russia : starvation was common for prisoners and civilians alike ; about 15 -- 20 % of the prisoners in Russia died and in Central Powers imprisonment -- 8 % of Russians . In Germany , food was scarce , but only 5 % died . British","sentences":["About eight million men surrendered and were held in POW camps during the war .","All nations pledged to follow the Hague Conventions on fair treatment of prisoners of war , and the survival rate for POWs was generally much higher than that of combatants at the front .","Individual surrenders were uncommon ; large units usually surrendered en masse .","At the siege of Maubeuge about 40,000 French soldiers surrendered , at the battle of Galicia Russians took about 100,000 to 120,000 Austrian captives , at the Brusilov Offensive about 325,000 to 417,000 Germans and Austrians surrendered to Russians , and at the Battle of Tannenberg 92,000 Russians surrendered .","When the besieged garrison of Kaunas surrendered in 1915 , some 20,000 Russians became prisoners , at the battle near Przasnysz ( February -- March 1915 ) 14,000 Germans surrendered to Russians , and at the First Battle of the Marne about 12,000 Germans surrendered to the Allies.","25 -- 31 % of Russian losses ( as a proportion of those captured , wounded , or killed ) were to prisoner status ; for Austria - Hungary 32 % , for Italy 26 % , for France 12 % , for Germany 9 % ; for Britain 7 % .","Prisoners from the Allied armies totalled about 1.4 million ( not including Russia , which lost 2.5 -- 3.5 million men as prisoners ) .","From the Central Powers about 3.3 million men became prisoners ; most of them surrendered to Russians .","Germany held 2.5 million prisoners ; Russia held 2.2 -- 2.9 million ; while Britain and France held about 720,000 .","Most were captured just before the Armistice .","The United States held 48,000 .","The most dangerous moment was the act of surrender , when helpless soldiers were sometimes gunned down .","Once prisoners reached a camp , conditions were , in general , satisfactory ( and much better than in World War II ) , thanks in part to the efforts of the International Red Cross and inspections by neutral nations .","However , conditions were terrible in Russia : starvation was common for prisoners and civilians alike ; about 15 -- 20 % of the prisoners in Russia died and in Central Powers imprisonment -- 8 % of Russians .","In Germany , food was scarce , but only 5 % died .","British"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3005576637649117976","input":"what does alpha hydroxy acid do to the skin","passages":[{"title":"Alpha hydroxy acid","text":"\u03b1 - Hydroxy acids , or alpha hydroxy acids ( AHAs ) , are a class of chemical compounds that consist of a carboxylic acid substituted with a hydroxyl group on the adjacent carbon . They may be either naturally occurring or synthetic . AHAs are well known for their use in the cosmetics industry . They are often found in products that aid in the reduction of wrinkles as well as to soften strong , defining lines and improve the overall look and feel of the skin . They are also used as chemical peels available in a dermatologist 's office , beauty and health spas and home kits , which usually contain a lower concentration of around 4 % . Effective results through continuous treatment have resulted in AHAs being a successful & developmental method of curbing harsh ageing effects in the skin & cosmeceutical industry .","sentences":["\u03b1 - Hydroxy acids , or alpha hydroxy acids ( AHAs ) , are a class of chemical compounds that consist of a carboxylic acid substituted with a hydroxyl group on the adjacent carbon .","They may be either naturally occurring or synthetic .","AHAs are well known for their use in the cosmetics industry .","They are often found in products that aid in the reduction of wrinkles as well as to soften strong , defining lines and improve the overall look and feel of the skin .","They are also used as chemical peels available in a dermatologist 's office , beauty and health spas and home kits , which usually contain a lower concentration of around 4 % .","Effective results through continuous treatment have resulted in AHAs being a successful & developmental method of curbing harsh ageing effects in the skin & cosmeceutical industry ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4097931845906635254","input":"what is meant by rotation in computer graphics","passages":[{"title":"Rotation","text":"\u03b1 = cos \u2212 1 \u2061 ( A 11 + A 22 + A 33 \u2212 1 2 ) ( \\ displaystyle \\ alpha = \\ cos ^ ( - 1 ) \\ left ( ( \\ frac ( A_ ( 11 ) + A_ ( 22 ) + A_ ( 33 ) - 1 ) ( 2 ) ) \\ right ) )","sentences":["\u03b1 = cos \u2212 1","\u2061 ( A 11 +","A 22","+","A 33 \u2212 1 2 ) ( \\ displaystyle \\ alpha = \\ cos ^","( - 1 )","\\ left ( ( \\ frac ( A_ ( 11 )","+","A_","( 22 )","+","A_","( 33 ) - 1 ) ( 2 ) )","\\ right ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1433522024344672957","input":"what is the purpose of the war prayer","passages":[{"title":"The War Prayer","text":"`` The War Prayer '' was written in 1905 , and is believed to be a response to both the Spanish -- American War and the subsequent Philippine -- American War . It was left unpublished by Mark Twain at his death in April 1910 , largely due to pressure from his family , who feared that the story would be considered sacrilegious . Twain 's publisher and other friends also discouraged him from publishing it . According to one account , his illustrator Dan Beard asked him if he would publish it anyway , and Twain replied , `` No , I have told the whole truth in that , and only dead men can tell the truth in this world . It can be published after I am dead . '' Mindful of public reaction , he considered that he had a family to support and did not want to be seen as a lunatic or fanatic . `` The War Prayer '' was finally published in 1923 anthology Europe and Elsewhere . David","sentences":["`` The War Prayer '' was written in 1905 , and is believed to be a response to both the Spanish -- American War and the subsequent Philippine -- American War .","It was left unpublished by Mark Twain at his death in April 1910 , largely due to pressure from his family , who feared that the story would be considered sacrilegious .","Twain 's publisher and other friends also discouraged him from publishing it .","According to one account , his illustrator Dan Beard asked him if he would publish it anyway , and Twain replied , `` No , I have told the whole truth in that , and only dead men can tell the truth in this world .","It can be published after I am dead . ''","Mindful of public reaction , he considered that he had a family to support and did not want to be seen as a lunatic or fanatic .","`` The War Prayer '' was finally published in 1923 anthology Europe and Elsewhere .","David"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7367388803401721747","input":"who prevented denmark ireland the united kingdom and norway from joining the common market","passages":[{"title":"Marshall Plan","text":"Eastern Bloc Soviet Socialist Republics ( show ) Armenia Azerbaijan Byelorussia Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kirghizia Latvia Lithuania Moldavia Russian SFSR Tajikistan Turkmenia Ukraine Uzbekistan Allied states ( show ) Hungarian People 's Republic Polish People 's Republic Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Socialist Republic of Romania German Democratic Republic People 's Republic of Bulgaria Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( to 1948 ) People 's Socialist Republic of Albania ( to 1961 ) Republic of Cuba People 's Revolutionary Government of Grenada People 's Republic of Benin People 's Republic of the Congo People 's Republic of Angola People 's Republic of Mozambique People 's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Somali Democratic Republic ( to 1977 ) People 's Democratic Republic of Yemen Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Mongolian People 's Republic People 's Republic of China ( to 1961 ) Democratic People 's Republic of Korea Socialist Republic of Vietnam Lao People 's Democratic Republic People 's Republic of Kampuchea Related organizations ( show ) Cominform COMECON Warsaw Pact World Federation of Trade Unions ( WFTU ) World Federation of Democratic Youth ( WFDY ) Dissent and opposition ( show ) Forest Brothers in Lithuania in Latvia in Estonia Operation `` Jungle '' Ukrainian Insurgent Army Goryani movement ( Bulgaria ) Romanian anti-communism Polish cursed soldiers 1953 uprisings in Plze\u0148 in East Germany 1956 protests in Georgia in Pozna\u0144 Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Novocherkassk massacre ( Russia ) 1968 events Prague Spring Invasion of Czechoslovakia Red Square demonstration Charter 77 ( Czechoslovakia ) Solidarity ( Poland ) Jeltoqsan ( Kazakhstan ) Bra\u015fov rebellion ( Romania ) January Events ( Lithuania ) The Barricades ( Latvia ) April 9 tragedy ( Georgia ) Black January ( Azerbaijan ) Cold War events ( show ) Marshall Plan 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'\u00e9tat Tito -- Stalin Split Berlin Blockade Korean War 1956 `` Secret Speech '' Sino - Soviet Split 1961 Berlin Wall crisis 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis Vietnam War Cuban intervention in Angola Afghan War 1980 Moscow Olympics Decline ( show ) Singing Revolution Polish Round Table Agreement Revolutions of 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall January 1991 in Lithuania in Latvia Breakup of Yugoslavia Yugoslav Wars End of the Soviet Union Fall of communism in Albania Dissolution of Czechoslovakia","sentences":["Eastern Bloc Soviet Socialist Republics ( show )","Armenia Azerbaijan Byelorussia Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kirghizia Latvia Lithuania Moldavia Russian SFSR Tajikistan Turkmenia Ukraine Uzbekistan Allied states ( show )","Hungarian People 's Republic Polish People 's Republic Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Socialist Republic of Romania German Democratic Republic People 's Republic of Bulgaria Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( to 1948 )","People 's Socialist Republic of Albania ( to 1961 )","Republic of Cuba People 's Revolutionary Government of Grenada People 's Republic of Benin People 's Republic of the Congo People 's Republic of Angola People 's Republic of Mozambique People 's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Somali Democratic Republic ( to 1977 )","People 's Democratic Republic of Yemen Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Mongolian People 's Republic People 's Republic of China ( to 1961 )","Democratic People 's Republic of Korea Socialist Republic of Vietnam Lao People 's Democratic Republic People 's Republic of Kampuchea Related organizations ( show )","Cominform COMECON Warsaw Pact World Federation of Trade Unions ( WFTU ) World Federation of Democratic Youth ( WFDY ) Dissent and opposition ( show )","Forest Brothers in Lithuania in Latvia in Estonia Operation `` Jungle '' Ukrainian Insurgent Army Goryani movement ( Bulgaria ) Romanian anti-communism Polish cursed soldiers 1953 uprisings in Plze\u0148 in East Germany 1956 protests in Georgia in Pozna\u0144 Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Novocherkassk massacre ( Russia ) 1968 events Prague Spring Invasion of Czechoslovakia Red Square demonstration","Charter 77 ( Czechoslovakia ) Solidarity ( Poland )","Jeltoqsan ( Kazakhstan )","Bra\u015fov rebellion ( Romania )","January Events ( Lithuania )","The Barricades ( Latvia )","April 9 tragedy ( Georgia ) Black January ( Azerbaijan ) Cold War events ( show )","Marshall Plan 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'\u00e9tat Tito -- Stalin Split Berlin Blockade Korean War 1956 `` Secret Speech '' Sino - Soviet Split 1961 Berlin Wall crisis 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis Vietnam War Cuban intervention in Angola Afghan War 1980 Moscow Olympics Decline ( show )","Singing Revolution Polish Round Table Agreement Revolutions of 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall January 1991 in Lithuania in Latvia Breakup of","Yugoslavia Yugoslav Wars End of the Soviet Union Fall of communism in Albania Dissolution of Czechoslovakia"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3222818615978416974","input":"who did not contribute to early sociological theory","passages":[{"title":"Sociological theory","text":"Collective behavior \/ collective action theories ( 1950s ) Relative deprivation theory ( 1960s ) Value - added theory ( 1960s ) Resource mobilization \/ political process theory ( 1970s ) Frame analysis theory ( 1970s ) New social movement theory ( 1980s ) New cultural theory ( 1990s ) -- James M. Jasper , Jeff Goodwin et al .","sentences":["Collective behavior \/ collective action theories ( 1950s )","Relative deprivation theory ( 1960s )","Value - added theory ( 1960s ) Resource mobilization \/ political process theory ( 1970s )","Frame analysis theory ( 1970s )","New social movement theory ( 1980s )","New cultural theory ( 1990s ) -- James M. Jasper , Jeff Goodwin et al ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-490363604042245672","input":"what is the first episode of season 2 riverdale called","passages":[{"title":"Riverdale (2017 TV series)","text":"The Black Hood reveals to Betty that he knows where Polly is and threatens to kill her unless she publishes a mugshot of Alice , which she does . Hiram invites the St. Clair 's , friends of the Lodges from New York . On the Southside , Jughead attempts to stop Sweet Pea and the Serpents from blowing up the Riverdale Register office and joins the gang to prevent this from happening . The Black Hood forces Betty to cut ties with Veronica and Jughead and later gives her a hood . At the Lodge 's open house event , Nick St. Clair drugs Cheryl and takes her back to his hotel room to rape her , but is stopped and beaten by Veronica and the Pussycats . Jughead and Toni sit in his trailer , where he tells her his relationship with Betty is over ; they kiss . Back at Betty 's house , the Black Hood tells her she has broken the rules and he will now kill Polly unless she gives him the name of a `` sinner '' to kill , to which Betty names Nick St. Clair .","sentences":["The Black Hood reveals to Betty that he knows where Polly is and threatens to kill her unless she publishes a mugshot of Alice , which she does .","Hiram invites the St. Clair 's , friends of the Lodges from New York .","On the Southside , Jughead attempts to stop Sweet Pea and the Serpents from blowing up the Riverdale Register office and joins the gang to prevent this from happening .","The Black Hood forces Betty to cut ties with Veronica and Jughead and later gives her a hood .","At the Lodge 's open house event , Nick St. Clair drugs Cheryl and takes her back to his hotel room to rape her , but is stopped and beaten by Veronica and the Pussycats .","Jughead and Toni sit in his trailer , where he tells her his relationship with Betty is over ; they kiss .","Back at Betty 's house , the Black Hood tells her she has broken the rules and he will now kill Polly unless she gives him the name of a `` sinner '' to kill , to which Betty names Nick St. Clair ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5764705687920951369","input":"who is the cast of splitting up together","passages":[{"title":"Splitting Up Together","text":"The series chronicles what happens when a couple 's marriage is suddenly reignited by their divorce . The couple has three kids who live in the house with one parent on alternating weeks while the other parent lives as a single person who stays in the garage apartment in back of the house . The garage - dwelling , `` single '' partner is free to date while having no responsibilities in the house or for the children . The `` parent '' partner is free to preside over the house and family as he or she deems best . Each week the parents learn a little bit more about what it is they are lacking in the parenting and `` romantic '' parts of their lives and in doing so become better parents ( during their parenting week ) and better romantic partners ( during their single week ) . Often the insight they gain allows them to see why their spouse felt unhappy in the marriage thus helping them to improve as a person . This increasingly improved person they become also becomes slightly more alluring to their ex-spouse making their complete separation seem less likely .","sentences":["The series chronicles what happens when a couple 's marriage is suddenly reignited by their divorce .","The couple has three kids who live in the house with one parent on alternating weeks while the other parent lives as a single person who stays in the garage apartment in back of the house .","The garage - dwelling , `` single '' partner is free to date while having no responsibilities in the house or for the children .","The `` parent '' partner is free to preside over the house and family as he or she deems best .","Each week the parents learn a little bit more about what it is they are lacking in the parenting and `` romantic '' parts of their lives and in doing so become better parents ( during their parenting week ) and better romantic partners ( during their single week ) .","Often the insight they gain allows them to see why their spouse felt unhappy in the marriage thus helping them to improve as a person .","This increasingly improved person they become also becomes slightly more alluring to their ex-spouse making their complete separation seem less likely ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3203757420551056422","input":"what are the various types of committees (not the list of committees) how are they different","passages":[{"title":"United States congressional committee","text":"By 1906 , the Senate maintained 66 standing and select committees -- eight more committees than members of the majority party . The large number of committees and the manner of assigning their chairmanships suggests that many of them existed solely to provide office space in those days before the Senate acquired its first permanent office building , the Russell Senate Office Building . There were so many committees that freshman Senator Robert La Follette of Wisconsin was assigned chairmanship of the Committee to Investigate the Condition of the Potomac River Front at Washington . According to La Follette , he `` had immediate visions of cleaning up the whole Potomac River front . Then ( he ) found that in all its history , the committee had never had a bill referred to it for consideration , and had never held a meeting . '' In 1920 , the Congressional Directory listed nearly 80 committees , including the Committee on the Disposition of Useless Papers in the Executive Departments . By May 27 , 1920 , the Russell Senate Office Building had opened , and with all Senate members assigned private office space , the Senate quietly abolished 42 committees .","sentences":["By 1906 , the Senate maintained 66 standing and select committees -- eight more committees than members of the majority party .","The large number of committees and the manner of assigning their chairmanships suggests that many of them existed solely to provide office space in those days before the Senate acquired its first permanent office building , the Russell Senate Office Building .","There were so many committees that freshman Senator Robert La Follette of Wisconsin was assigned chairmanship of the Committee to Investigate the Condition of the Potomac River Front at Washington .","According to La Follette , he `` had immediate visions of cleaning up the whole Potomac River front .","Then ( he ) found that in all its history , the committee had never had a bill referred to it for consideration , and had never held a meeting . ''","In 1920 , the Congressional Directory listed nearly 80 committees , including the Committee on the Disposition of Useless Papers in the Executive Departments .","By May 27 , 1920 , the Russell Senate Office Building had opened , and with all Senate members assigned private office space , the Senate quietly abolished 42 committees ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8239616910086304234","input":"where do you have to be born to be a cockney","passages":[{"title":"Cockney","text":"Other vowel differences include \/ \u00e6 \/ may be ( \u025b ) or ( \u025b\u026a ) , with the latter occurring before voiced consonants , particularly before \/ d \/ : ( b\u025bk ) `` back '' , ( b\u025b\u02d0\u026ad ) `` bad '' \/ \u025b \/ may be ( e\u0259 ) , ( e\u026a ) , or ( \u025b\u026a ) before certain voiced consonants , particularly before \/ d \/ : ( be\u026ad ) `` bed '' \/ \u0252 \/ may be a somewhat less open ( \u0254 ) : ( kh\u0254\u0294 ) `` cot '' \/ \u0251\u02d0 \/ has a fully back variant , qualitatively equivalent to cardinal 5 , which Beaken ( 1971 ) claims characterises `` vigorous , informal '' cockney . \/ \u025c\u02d0 \/ is on occasion somewhat fronted and \/ or lightly rounded , giving cockney variants such as ( \u025c\u031f\u02d0 ) , ( \u0153\u0308\u02d0 ) . \/ \u028c \/ \u2192 ( \u0250\u031f ) or a quality like that of cardinal 4 , ( a ) : ( d\u0292am\u0294\u02c8tsaph ) `` jumped up '' \/ \u0254\u02d0 \/ \u2192 ( o\u02d0 ) or a closing diphthong of the type ( o\u028a ~ \u0254o ) when in non-final position , with the latter variants being more common in broad cockney : ( so\u028as ) `` sauce '' - `` source '' , ( lo\u028ad ) `` lord '' , ( \u02c8wo\u028a\u0294\u0259 ) `` water '' \/ \u0254\u02d0 \/ \u2192 ( \u0254\u02d0 ) or a centring diphthong \/ triphthong of the type ( \u0254\u0259 ~ \u0254u\u0259 ) when in final position , with the latter variants being more common in broad cockney ; thus ( s\u0254\u0259 ) `` saw '' - `` sore '' - `` soar '' , ( l\u0254\u0259 ) `` law '' - `` lore '' , ( w\u0254\u0259 ) `` war '' - `` wore '' . The diphthong is retained before inflectional endings , so that board and pause can contrast with bored ( b\u0254\u0259d ) and paws ( ph\u0254\u0259z ) . \/ \u0254\u0259 \/ has a somewhat tenser onset than the cardinal \/ \u0254 \/ , that is ( \u0254\u031d\u0259 ) . \/ \u0259\u028a \/ becomes something around ( \u0252\u028a ~ \u0254o ) or even ( a\u0264 ) in broad cockney before dark l . These variants are retained when the addition of a suffix turns the dark l clear . Thus a phonemic split has occurred in London English , exemplified by the minimal pair wholly ( \u02c8h\u0252\u028ali ) vs. holy ( \u02c8h\u0250\u0264\u0308li ) . The development of L - vocalisation ( see next section ) leads to further pairs such as sole - soul ( s\u0252\u028a ) vs. so - sew ( s\u0250\u0264\u0308 ) , bowl ( b\u0252\u028a ) vs. Bow ( b\u0250\u0264\u0308 ) , shoulder ( \u02c8\u0283\u0252\u028ad\u0259 ) vs. odour ( \u02c8\u0250\u0264\u0308d\u0259 ) , while associated vowel neutralisations may make doll a homophone of dole , compare dough ( d\u0250\u0264\u0308 ) . All this reinforces the phonemic nature of the opposition and increases its functional load . It is now well - established in all kinds of London - flavoured accents , from broad cockney to near - RP . \/ \u028a \/ in some words ( particularly good ) is central ( \u028a\u0308 ) . In other cases , it is near - close near - back ( \u028a ) , as in traditional RP .","sentences":["Other vowel differences include \/ \u00e6 \/ may be ( \u025b ) or ( \u025b\u026a ) , with the latter occurring before voiced consonants , particularly before \/","d \/ : ( b\u025bk ) `` back '' , ( b\u025b\u02d0\u026ad ) `` bad '' \/","\u025b \/ may be ( e\u0259 ) , ( e\u026a ) , or ( \u025b\u026a ) before certain voiced consonants , particularly before \/","d \/ : ( be\u026ad ) `` bed '' \/ \u0252 \/ may be a somewhat less open ( \u0254 ) : ( kh\u0254\u0294 ) `` cot '' \/ \u0251\u02d0 \/ has a fully back variant , qualitatively equivalent to cardinal 5 , which Beaken ( 1971 )","claims characterises `` vigorous , informal '' cockney .","\/ \u025c\u02d0 \/ is on occasion somewhat fronted and \/ or lightly rounded , giving cockney variants such as ( \u025c\u031f\u02d0 ) , ( \u0153\u0308\u02d0 ) .","\/ \u028c \/ \u2192 ( \u0250\u031f ) or a quality like that of cardinal 4 , ( a ) : ( d\u0292am\u0294\u02c8tsaph ) `` jumped up '' \/ \u0254\u02d0 \/ \u2192 ( o\u02d0 ) or a closing diphthong of the type ( o\u028a ~ \u0254o ) when in non-final position , with the latter variants being more common in broad cockney : ( so\u028as ) `` sauce '' - `` source '' , ( lo\u028ad ) `` lord '' , ( \u02c8wo\u028a\u0294\u0259 ) `` water '' \/ \u0254\u02d0 \/ \u2192 ( \u0254\u02d0 ) or a centring diphthong \/ triphthong of the type ( \u0254\u0259 ~ \u0254u\u0259 ) when in final position , with the latter variants being more common in broad cockney ; thus ( s\u0254\u0259 ) `` saw '' - `` sore '' - `` soar '' , ( l\u0254\u0259 ) `` law '' - `` lore '' , ( w\u0254\u0259 ) `` war '' - `` wore '' .","The diphthong is retained before inflectional endings , so that board and pause can contrast with bored ( b\u0254\u0259d ) and paws ( ph\u0254\u0259z ) .","\/ \u0254\u0259 \/ has a somewhat tenser onset than the cardinal \/ \u0254 \/ , that is ( \u0254\u031d\u0259 ) .","\/ \u0259\u028a \/ becomes something around ( \u0252\u028a ~ \u0254o ) or even ( a\u0264 ) in broad cockney before dark l .","These variants are retained when the addition of a suffix turns the dark l clear .","Thus a phonemic split has occurred in London English , exemplified by the minimal pair wholly ( \u02c8h\u0252\u028ali ) vs. holy ( \u02c8h\u0250\u0264\u0308li ) .","The development of L - vocalisation ( see next section ) leads to further pairs such as sole - soul ( s\u0252\u028a ) vs. so - sew ( s\u0250\u0264\u0308 ) , bowl ( b\u0252\u028a ) vs. Bow ( b\u0250\u0264\u0308 ) , shoulder ( \u02c8\u0283\u0252\u028ad\u0259 ) vs. odour ( \u02c8\u0250\u0264\u0308d\u0259 ) , while associated vowel neutralisations may make doll a homophone of dole , compare dough ( d\u0250\u0264\u0308 ) .","All this reinforces the phonemic nature of the opposition and increases its functional load .","It is now well - established in all kinds of London - flavoured accents , from broad cockney to near - RP .","\/ \u028a \/ in some words ( particularly good ) is central ( \u028a\u0308 ) .","In other cases , it is near - close near - back ( \u028a ) , as in traditional RP ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2020385451728629443","input":"game of thrones season 2 episode 9 wiki","passages":[{"title":"Blackwater (Game of Thrones)","text":"Year Award Nominee ( s ) Result 2012 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series Peter Dinklage as Tyrion Lannister Nominated Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards Outstanding Sound Editing for a Series Peter Brown , Kira Roessler , Tim Hands , Paul Aulicino , Stephen P. Robinson , Vanessa Lapato , Brett Voss , James Moriana , Jeffrey Wilhoit , and David Klotz Won Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Drama Series ( 1 hour ) Matthew Waters , Onnalee Blank , Ronan Hill , and Mervyn Moore Won British Society of Cinematographers Best Cinematography in a Television Drama Sam McCurdy Nominated IGN Awards Best TV Episode Won IGN People 's Choice Award Best TV Episode Won 2013 Cinema Audio Society Awards Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing - Television Series -- One Hour Ronan Hill , Onnalee Blank , Mathew Waters , and Brett Voss Nominated Golden Reel Awards Best Sound Editing -- Short Form Dialogue and ADR in Television Nominated Best Sound Editing -- Short Form Music in Television Nominated Best Sound Editing -- Short Form Sound Effects and Foley in Television Nominated Hugo Awards Best Dramatic Presentation , Short Form Neil Marshall ( director ) and George R.R. Martin ( writer ) Won","sentences":["Year Award Nominee ( s ) Result 2012","Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series Peter Dinklage as Tyrion Lannister Nominated Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards Outstanding Sound Editing for a Series Peter Brown , Kira Roessler , Tim Hands , Paul Aulicino , Stephen P. Robinson , Vanessa Lapato , Brett Voss , James Moriana , Jeffrey Wilhoit , and David Klotz Won Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Drama Series ( 1 hour )","Matthew Waters , Onnalee Blank , Ronan Hill , and Mervyn Moore Won British Society of Cinematographers Best Cinematography in a Television Drama Sam McCurdy Nominated IGN Awards Best TV Episode Won IGN People 's Choice Award Best TV Episode Won 2013 Cinema Audio Society Awards Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing - Television Series -- One Hour Ronan Hill , Onnalee Blank , Mathew Waters , and Brett Voss","Nominated Golden Reel Awards","Best Sound Editing -- Short Form Dialogue and ADR in Television Nominated Best Sound Editing -- Short Form Music in Television Nominated Best Sound Editing -- Short Form Sound Effects and Foley in Television Nominated Hugo Awards","Best Dramatic Presentation , Short Form Neil Marshall ( director ) and George R.R. Martin ( writer ) Won"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2059593344783789485","input":"where is american football most popular in the world","passages":[{"title":"American football","text":"The three types of scrimmage kicks are place kicks , drop kicks , and punts . Only place kicks and drop kicks can score points . The place kick is the standard method used to score points , because the pointy shape of the football makes it difficult to reliably drop kick . Once the ball has been kicked from a scrimmage kick , it can be advanced by the kicking team only if it is caught or recovered behind the line of scrimmage . If it is touched or recovered by the kicking team beyond this line , it becomes dead at the spot where it was touched . The kicking team is prohibited from interfering with the receiver 's opportunity to catch the ball , and the receiving team has the option of signaling for a fair catch . This prohibits the defense from blocking into or tackling the receiver , but the play ends as soon as the ball is caught and the ball may not be advanced .","sentences":["The three types of scrimmage kicks are place kicks , drop kicks , and punts .","Only place kicks and drop kicks can score points .","The place kick is the standard method used to score points , because the pointy shape of the football makes it difficult to reliably drop kick .","Once the ball has been kicked from a scrimmage kick , it can be advanced by the kicking team only if it is caught or recovered behind the line of scrimmage .","If it is touched or recovered by the kicking team beyond this line , it becomes dead at the spot where it was touched .","The kicking team is prohibited from interfering with the receiver 's opportunity to catch the ball , and the receiving team has the option of signaling for a fair catch .","This prohibits the defense from blocking into or tackling the receiver , but the play ends as soon as the ball is caught and the ball may not be advanced ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7432900997078108284","input":"when is new year celebrated around the world","passages":[{"title":"New Year","text":"The Balinese New Year , based on the Saka Calendar ( Balinese - Javanese Calendar ) , is called Nyepi , and it falls on Bali 's Lunar New Year ( 26 March in 2009 ) . It is a day of silence , fasting , and meditation : observed from 6 am until 6 am the next morning , Nyepi is a day reserved for self - reflection and as such , anything that might interfere with that purpose is restricted . Although Nyepi is a primarily Hindu holiday , non-Hindu residents of Bali observe the day of silence as well , out of respect for their fellow citizens . Even tourists are not exempt ; although free to do as they wish inside their hotels , no one is allowed onto the beaches or streets , and the only airport in Bali remains closed for the entire day . The only exceptions granted are for emergency vehicles carrying those with life - threatening conditions and women about to give birth . Also the Javanese people celebrate their Satu Suro on this day .","sentences":["The Balinese New Year , based on the Saka Calendar ( Balinese - Javanese Calendar ) , is called Nyepi , and it falls on Bali 's Lunar New Year ( 26 March in 2009 ) .","It is a day of silence , fasting , and meditation : observed from 6 am until 6 am the next morning , Nyepi is a day reserved for self - reflection and as such , anything that might interfere with that purpose is restricted .","Although Nyepi is a primarily Hindu holiday , non-Hindu residents of Bali observe the day of silence as well , out of respect for their fellow citizens .","Even tourists are not exempt ; although free to do as they wish inside their hotels , no one is allowed onto the beaches or streets , and the only airport in Bali remains closed for the entire day .","The only exceptions granted are for emergency vehicles carrying those with life - threatening conditions and women about to give birth .","Also the Javanese people celebrate their Satu Suro on this day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1433002804888462799","input":"what kind of music was popular in the 1800s","passages":[{"title":"American popular music","text":"In the early 1970s , the first major American bands began appearing , like Blue \u00d6yster Cult and Aerosmith , and musicians like Eddie Van Halen began their career . Heavy metal remained , however , a largely underground phenomenon . During the 1980s , a pop - based form of hard rock , with a party - hearty spirit and a glam - influenced visual aesthetic ( sometimes referred to as `` hair metal '' ) dominated the music charts , led by superstars like Poison , Bon Jovi , M\u00f6tley Cr\u00fce , and Ratt . The 1987 debut of Guns N ' Roses , a hard rock band whose image reflected the grittier underbelly of the Sunset Strip , was at least in part a reaction against the overly polished image of hair metal , but that band 's wild success was in many ways the last gasp of the hard - rock and metal scene . By the mid-1980s , as the term `` heavy metal '' became the subject of much contestation , the style had branched out in so many different directions that new classifications were created by fans , record companies , and fanzines , although sometimes the differences between various subgenres were unclear , even to the artists purportedly belonging to a given style . The most notable of the 1980s metal subgenres in the United States was the swift and aggressive thrash metal style , pioneered by bands like Anthrax , Megadeth , Metallica , and Slayer .","sentences":["In the early 1970s , the first major American bands began appearing , like Blue \u00d6yster Cult and Aerosmith , and musicians like Eddie Van Halen began their career .","Heavy metal remained , however , a largely underground phenomenon .","During the 1980s , a pop - based form of hard rock , with a party - hearty spirit and a glam - influenced visual aesthetic ( sometimes referred to as `` hair metal '' ) dominated the music charts , led by superstars like Poison , Bon Jovi , M\u00f6tley Cr\u00fce , and Ratt .","The 1987 debut of Guns N ' Roses , a hard rock band whose image reflected the grittier underbelly of the Sunset Strip , was at least in part a reaction against the overly polished image of hair metal , but that band 's wild success was in many ways the last gasp of the hard - rock and metal scene .","By the mid-1980s , as the term `` heavy metal '' became the subject of much contestation , the style had branched out in so many different directions that new classifications were created by fans , record companies , and fanzines , although sometimes the differences between various subgenres were unclear , even to the artists purportedly belonging to a given style .","The most notable of the 1980s metal subgenres in the United States was the swift and aggressive thrash metal style , pioneered by bands like Anthrax , Megadeth , Metallica , and Slayer ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8967865781150253203","input":"how many levels are in the new god of war","passages":[{"title":"God of War (2018 video game)","text":"Although the game is played entirely as Kratos , there are times when the player may choose to passively control Kratos ' son , Atreus . One button is dedicated to Atreus and its use depends on the context . For example , if the player needs assistance , they can look at an enemy , press the button , and Atreus will use his Talon Bow to shoot arrows at the enemy . The arrows have little effect on an enemy 's health , but do increase the stun meter . Over the course of the game , Atreus helps in combat , traversal , exploration , and puzzle - solving . When facing a large number of enemies , he distracts the weaker ones as Kratos fights the stronger ones . If too many enemies gang up on Atreus , he is knocked out for the remainder of that combat . Just like Kratos , Atreus acquires new skills , armor , special arrows , such as lightning arrows , as well as runic attacks for his Talon Bow , but it only has one slot instead of two . Atreus ' runic attacks summon different spectral animals with different abilities . For example , one summons a wolf that attacks enemies , while another summons the squirrel Ratatoskr that will dig up orbs to replenish Kratos ' health or rage meters .","sentences":["Although the game is played entirely as Kratos , there are times when the player may choose to passively control Kratos ' son , Atreus .","One button is dedicated to Atreus and its use depends on the context .","For example , if the player needs assistance , they can look at an enemy , press the button , and Atreus will use his Talon Bow to shoot arrows at the enemy .","The arrows have little effect on an enemy 's health , but do increase the stun meter .","Over the course of the game , Atreus helps in combat , traversal , exploration , and puzzle - solving .","When facing a large number of enemies , he distracts the weaker ones as Kratos fights the stronger ones .","If too many enemies gang up on Atreus , he is knocked out for the remainder of that combat .","Just like Kratos , Atreus acquires new skills , armor , special arrows , such as lightning arrows , as well as runic attacks for his Talon Bow , but it only has one slot instead of two .","Atreus ' runic attacks summon different spectral animals with different abilities .","For example , one summons a wolf that attacks enemies , while another summons the squirrel Ratatoskr that will dig up orbs to replenish Kratos ' health or rage meters ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8997935891198746702","input":"what is ka father's name in the dew breaker","passages":[{"title":"The Dew Breaker","text":"The Book of Miracles : Narrated by Ka 's mother , The Book of Miracles chronicles the family 's car trip through NYC to get to Christmas - Eve mass . During this trip , Anne recalls moments from her past , most importantly the death of her brother when he was three years old , pulled under the ocean waves while Anne was n't looking . When they arrive at church , they have a run - in with a lookalike of Haitian criminal Emmanuel Constant . Ka 's `` Maman , '' Anne , is very faithful and struggles with her daughter 's flippant demeanor and typical teenage angst . `` What if it were Constant ? What would she do ? Would she spit in his face or embrace him , acknowledging a kinship of shame and guilt that she 'd inherited by marrying her husband ? '' The potential presence of Constant coupled with the religious setting brings to light Anne 's own guilt and fear of living a lie , both with her relationship with her daughter and as a member of the Haitian community in NYC .","sentences":["The Book of Miracles : Narrated by Ka 's mother , The Book of Miracles chronicles the family 's car trip through NYC to get to Christmas - Eve mass .","During this trip , Anne recalls moments from her past , most importantly the death of her brother when he was three years old , pulled under the ocean waves while Anne was n't looking .","When they arrive at church , they have a run - in with a lookalike of Haitian criminal Emmanuel Constant .","Ka 's `` Maman , '' Anne , is very faithful and struggles with her daughter 's flippant demeanor and typical teenage angst .","`` What if it were Constant ?","What would she do ?","Would she spit in his face or embrace him , acknowledging a kinship of shame and guilt that she 'd inherited by marrying her husband ? ''","The potential presence of Constant coupled with the religious setting brings to light Anne 's own guilt and fear of living a lie , both with her relationship with her daughter and as a member of the Haitian community in NYC ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8310450220214253274","input":"is i 76 a toll road in pa","passages":[{"title":"Pennsylvania Turnpike","text":"In 1978 , as the Howard Johnson 's exclusive contract to provide food service was ending , the turnpike commission considered bids for competitors to provide food service . That year ARA Services was awarded a contract for food service at two plazas , ending the Howard Johnson 's monopoly . The highway became the first toll road in the country to offer more than one fast - food chain at its service plazas . At this time , gas stations along the turnpike were operated by Gulf Oil , Exxon , and ARCO . Hardee 's also opened restaurants at the service plazas in 1980 to compete with Howard Johnson 's . With this , the turnpike became the first road in the world to offer fast food at its service plazas . Additionally , a toll increase of 22 percent was announced in 1978 , effective August 1 of that year ; this raised the rate to 2.2 cents per mile ( 1.4 \u00a2 \/ km ) , or 8 \u00a2 \/ mi ( 5.0 \u00a2 \/ km ) in 2016 .","sentences":["In 1978 , as the Howard Johnson 's exclusive contract to provide food service was ending , the turnpike commission considered bids for competitors to provide food service .","That year ARA Services was awarded a contract for food service at two plazas , ending the Howard Johnson 's monopoly .","The highway became the first toll road in the country to offer more than one fast - food chain at its service plazas .","At this time , gas stations along the turnpike were operated by Gulf Oil , Exxon , and ARCO .","Hardee 's also opened restaurants at the service plazas in 1980 to compete with Howard Johnson 's .","With this , the turnpike became the first road in the world to offer fast food at its service plazas .","Additionally , a toll increase of 22 percent was announced in 1978 , effective August 1 of that year ; this raised the rate to 2.2 cents per mile ( 1.4 \u00a2 \/ km ) , or 8 \u00a2 \/ mi ( 5.0 \u00a2 \/ km ) in 2016 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"112240191652517534","input":"what is the difference between west germany and germany","passages":[{"title":"History of Germany (1945\u201390)","text":"During the war , Germans seized food supplies from occupied countries and forced millions of foreigners to work on German farms , in addition to food shipped from farms in eastern Germany . When this ended in 1945 , the German rationing system ( which stayed in place ) had much lower supplies of food . The U.S. Army sent in large shipments of food to feed some 7.7 million prisoners of war -- far more than they had expected -- as well as the general population . For several years following the surrender , German nutritional levels were low . The Germans were not high on the priority list for international aid , which went to the victims of the Nazis . It was directed that all relief went to non-German displaced persons , liberated Allied POWs , and concentration camp inmates . During 1945 it was estimated that the average German civilian in the U.S. and UK occupation zones received 1200 kilocalories a day in official rations , not counting food they grew themselves or purchased on the large - scale black market . In early October 1945 the UK government privately acknowledged in a cabinet meeting that German civilian adult death rates had risen to 4 times the pre-war levels and death rates amongst the German children had risen by 10 times the pre-war levels . The German Red Cross was dissolved , and the International Red Cross and the few other allowed international relief agencies were kept from helping Germans through strict controls on supplies and on travel . The few agencies permitted to help Germans , such as the indigenous Caritasverband , were not allowed to use imported supplies . When the Vatican attempted to transmit food supplies from Chile to German infants , the U.S. State Department forbade it . The German food situation became worse during the very cold winter of 1946 -- 1947 when German calorie intake ranged from 1,000 -- 1,500 kilocalories per day , a situation made worse by severe lack of fuel for heating .","sentences":["During the war , Germans seized food supplies from occupied countries and forced millions of foreigners to work on German farms , in addition to food shipped from farms in eastern Germany .","When this ended in 1945 , the German rationing system ( which stayed in place ) had much lower supplies of food .","The U.S. Army sent in large shipments of food to feed some 7.7 million prisoners of war -- far more than they had expected -- as well as the general population .","For several years following the surrender , German nutritional levels were low .","The Germans were not high on the priority list for international aid , which went to the victims of the Nazis .","It was directed that all relief went to non-German displaced persons , liberated Allied POWs , and concentration camp inmates .","During 1945 it was estimated that the average German civilian in the U.S. and UK occupation zones received 1200 kilocalories a day in official rations , not counting food they grew themselves or purchased on the large - scale black market .","In early October 1945 the UK government privately acknowledged in a cabinet meeting that German civilian adult death rates had risen to 4 times the pre-war levels and death rates amongst the German children had risen by 10 times the pre-war levels .","The German Red Cross was dissolved , and the International Red Cross and the few other allowed international relief agencies were kept from helping Germans through strict controls on supplies and on travel .","The few agencies permitted to help Germans , such as the indigenous Caritasverband , were not allowed to use imported supplies .","When the Vatican attempted to transmit food supplies from Chile to German infants , the U.S. State Department forbade it .","The German food situation became worse during the very cold winter of 1946 -- 1947 when German calorie intake ranged from 1,000 -- 1,500 kilocalories per day , a situation made worse by severe lack of fuel for heating ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1308416220083392946","input":"where does the first stage of photosynthesis take place","passages":[{"title":"Light-independent reactions","text":"RuBisCO also reacts competitively with O instead of CO in photorespiration . The rate of photorespiration is higher at high temperatures . Photorespiration turns RuBP into 3 - PGA and 2 - phosphoglycolate , a 2 - carbon molecule that can be converted via glycolate and glyoxalate to glycine . Via the glycine cleavage system and tetrahydrofolate , two glycines are converted into serine + CO . Serine can be converted back to 3 - phosphoglycerate . Thus , only 3 of 4 carbons from two phosphoglycolates can be converted back to 3 - PGA . It can be seen that photorespiration has very negative consequences for the plant , because , rather than fixing CO , this process leads to loss of CO . C4 carbon fixation evolved to circumvent photorespiration , but can occur only in certain plants native to very warm or tropical climates -- corn , for example .","sentences":["RuBisCO also reacts competitively with O instead of CO in photorespiration .","The rate of photorespiration is higher at high temperatures .","Photorespiration turns RuBP into 3 - PGA and 2 - phosphoglycolate , a 2 - carbon molecule that can be converted via glycolate and glyoxalate to glycine .","Via the glycine cleavage system and tetrahydrofolate , two glycines are converted into serine + CO .","Serine can be converted back to 3 - phosphoglycerate .","Thus , only 3 of 4 carbons from two phosphoglycolates can be converted back to 3 - PGA .","It can be seen that photorespiration has very negative consequences for the plant , because , rather than fixing CO , this process leads to loss of CO .","C4 carbon fixation evolved to circumvent photorespiration , but can occur only in certain plants native to very warm or tropical climates -- corn , for example ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5546130614415528128","input":"when does rupaul's drag race all stars come on","passages":[{"title":"RuPaul's Drag Race: All Stars","text":"The judges each provide their opinion on the contestants ' performances in the main challenge and on the runway before RuPaul announces which queen is the episode 's winner and which two had the weakest performances . The day before judging , the contestants are all provided with a song by a female artist to which they must learn the lyrics . The contestants deemed as being the bottom two must `` lip sync for their lives '' to the song in a final attempt to impress RuPaul . After the lip sync , RuPaul alone decides who stays and who leaves . RuPaul describes the qualities the contestants must have to be crowned the winner of the show as `` Charisma , Uniqueness , Nerve , and Talent ... These are people who have taken adversity and turned it into something that is beautiful and something powerful . '' The phrase `` charisma , uniqueness , nerve , and talent '' is used repeatedly on the show , the acronym of which is CUNT . On the All Stars season , `` synergy '' was added to provide an explanation behind the contestants being sorted into teams ( expanding the acronym into CUNTS ) .","sentences":["The judges each provide their opinion on the contestants ' performances in the main challenge and on the runway before RuPaul announces which queen is the episode 's winner and which two had the weakest performances .","The day before judging , the contestants are all provided with a song by a female artist to which they must learn the lyrics .","The contestants deemed as being the bottom two must `` lip sync for their lives '' to the song in a final attempt to impress RuPaul .","After the lip sync , RuPaul alone decides who stays and who leaves .","RuPaul describes the qualities the contestants must have to be crowned the winner of the show as `` Charisma , Uniqueness , Nerve , and Talent ...","These are people who have taken adversity and turned it into something that is beautiful and something powerful . ''","The phrase `` charisma , uniqueness , nerve , and talent '' is used repeatedly on the show , the acronym of which is CUNT .","On the All Stars season , `` synergy '' was added to provide an explanation behind the contestants being sorted into teams ( expanding the acronym into CUNTS ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1725073832279000622","input":"what conditions are necessary for mechanical work to be done","passages":[{"title":"Lagrangian mechanics","text":"\u2202 L \u2202 q j \u2212 d d t \u2202 L \u2202 q  \u0307 j = 0 . ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( \\ partial L ) ( \\ partial q_ ( j ) ) ) - ( \\ frac ( \\ mathrm ( d ) ) ( \\ mathrm ( d ) t ) ) ( \\ frac ( \\ partial L ) ( \\ partial ( \\ dot ( q ) ) _ ( j ) ) ) = 0 \\ , . )","sentences":["\u2202 L \u2202 q j \u2212 d d t \u2202 L \u2202 q  \u0307 j = 0 .","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( \\ partial L ) ( \\ partial q_ ( j ) ) ) -","( \\ frac ( \\ mathrm ( d ) )","( \\ mathrm ( d ) t ) )","( \\ frac ( \\ partial L ) ( \\ partial ( \\ dot ( q ) )","_ ( j ) ) )","= 0","\\ , . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1394022329147481909","input":"where did the nickname big apple come from","passages":[{"title":"Big Apple","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This section may contain indiscriminate , excessive , or irrelevant examples . Please improve the article by adding more descriptive text and removing less pertinent examples . See Wikipedia 's guide to writing better articles for further suggestions . ( May 2017 ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( May 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Some of this article 's listed sources may not be reliable . Please help this article by looking for better , more reliable sources . Unreliable citations may be challenged or deleted . ( May 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This section may contain indiscriminate , excessive , or irrelevant examples .","Please improve the article by adding more descriptive text and removing less pertinent examples .","See Wikipedia 's guide to writing better articles for further suggestions .","( May 2017 )","This article possibly contains original research .","Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .","Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .","( May 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Some of this article 's listed sources may not be reliable .","Please help this article by looking for better , more reliable sources .","Unreliable citations may be challenged or deleted .","( May 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1834464981132694423","input":"summary of around the world in eighty days novel","passages":[{"title":"Around the World in Eighty Days","text":"In 1889 , Nellie Bly undertook to travel around the world in 80 days for her newspaper , the New York World . She managed to do the journey within 72 days , meeting Verne in Amiens . Her book Around the World in Seventy - Two Days became a best seller . In 1903 , James Willis Sayre , a Seattle theatre critic and arts promoter , set the world record for circling the earth using public transport : 54 days , 9 hours , and 42 minutes . In 1908 , Harry Bensley , on a wager , set out to circumnavigate the world on foot wearing an iron mask . The journey was abandoned , incomplete , at the outbreak of World War I in 1914 . In 1984 , Nicholas Coleridge emulated Fogg 's trip , taking 78 days , He wrote a book titled Around the World in 78 Days . In 1988 , Monty Python alumnus Michael Palin took a similar challenge without using aircraft as a part of a television travelogue , called Michael Palin : Around the World in 80 Days . He completed the journey in 79 days and 7 hours . Since 1993 , the Jules Verne Trophy is given to the boat that sails around the world without stopping and with no outside assistance , in the shortest time . In 2009 , twelve celebrities performed a relay version of the journey for the BBC Children In Need charity appeal . In 2014 , the Optimistic Traveler team consisting of Muammer Yilmaz and Milan Bihlmann completed the `` 80 Days Challenge '' , a trip around the world without using money , as a first step of their charity campaign for education in Haiti . They finished the journey in 79 days . In 2015 , a group of Italian travelers , Luigi Cavallito , Alessio Nicastro , Andrea Cavallo Perin , Andrea Dutto , and Didie Caria repeated the journey that Verne had inspired . The members of the group were all millennials born between the 1980s and 2000 ; the project aimed to describe the life , projects and dreams of that generation . They started their journey from the Reform Club on October 2 , 2015 and they came back to London on December 21 , 80 days later . They stopped in Paris , Turin , Athens , Cairo , Alexandria , Dubai , Mumbai , Kolkata , Hong Kong , Manila , Tokyo , Honolulu , San Francisco , New York and Dublin . In 2017 , Mark Beaumont , a British cyclist inspired by Verne , set out to cycle across the world in 80 days . He completed the trip in 78 days , 14 hours and 40 minutes . He departed from Paris on July 2 , 2017 . Beaumont smashed the previous world record of 123 days set by Andrew Nicholson , by cycling 18,000 miles across the globe visiting Russia , Mongolia , China , Australia , New Zealand , Canada , USA and a host of countries in Europe .","sentences":["In 1889 , Nellie Bly undertook to travel around the world in 80 days for her newspaper , the New York World .","She managed to do the journey within 72 days , meeting Verne in Amiens .","Her book Around the World in Seventy - Two Days became a best seller .","In 1903 , James Willis Sayre , a Seattle theatre critic and arts promoter , set the world record for circling the earth using public transport : 54 days , 9 hours , and 42 minutes .","In 1908 , Harry Bensley , on a wager , set out to circumnavigate the world on foot wearing an iron mask .","The journey was abandoned , incomplete , at the outbreak of World War I in 1914 .","In 1984 , Nicholas Coleridge emulated Fogg 's trip , taking 78 days , He wrote a book titled Around the World in 78 Days .","In 1988 , Monty Python alumnus Michael Palin took a similar challenge without using aircraft as a part of a television travelogue , called Michael Palin :","Around the World in 80 Days .","He completed the journey in 79 days and 7 hours .","Since 1993 , the Jules Verne Trophy is given to the boat that sails around the world without stopping and with no outside assistance , in the shortest time .","In 2009 , twelve celebrities performed a relay version of the journey for the BBC Children In Need charity appeal .","In 2014 , the Optimistic Traveler team consisting of Muammer Yilmaz and Milan Bihlmann completed the `` 80 Days Challenge '' , a trip around the world without using money , as a first step of their charity campaign for education in Haiti .","They finished the journey in 79 days .","In 2015 , a group of Italian travelers , Luigi Cavallito , Alessio Nicastro , Andrea Cavallo Perin , Andrea Dutto , and Didie Caria repeated the journey that Verne had inspired .","The members of the group were all millennials born between the 1980s and 2000 ; the project aimed to describe the life , projects and dreams of that generation .","They started their journey from the Reform Club on October 2 , 2015 and they came back to London on December 21 , 80 days later .","They stopped in Paris , Turin , Athens , Cairo , Alexandria , Dubai , Mumbai , Kolkata , Hong Kong , Manila , Tokyo , Honolulu , San Francisco , New York and Dublin .","In 2017 , Mark Beaumont , a British cyclist inspired by Verne , set out to cycle across the world in 80 days .","He completed the trip in 78 days , 14 hours and 40 minutes .","He departed from Paris on July 2 , 2017 .","Beaumont smashed the previous world record of 123 days set by Andrew Nicholson , by cycling 18,000 miles across the globe visiting Russia , Mongolia , China , Australia , New Zealand , Canada , USA and a host of countries in Europe ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9219444117954088909","input":"where does the story beauty and the beast take place","passages":[{"title":"Beauty and the Beast","text":"During his return , the merchant becomes lost during a storm . Seeking shelter , he enters a dazzling palace . A hidden figure opens the giant doors and silently invites him in . The merchant finds tables inside laden with food and drink , which seem to have been left for him by the palace 's invisible owner . The merchant accepts this gift and spends the night there . The next morning , as the merchant is about to leave , he sees a rose garden and recalls that Beauty had desired a rose . Upon picking the loveliest rose he can find , the merchant is confronted by a hideous `` Beast '' which tells him that for taking his most precious possession after accepting his hospitality , the merchant must die . The merchant begs to be set free , arguing that he had only picked the rose as a gift for his youngest daughter . The Beast agrees to let him give the rose to Beauty , but only if the merchant or one of his daughters will return . Beauty","sentences":["During his return , the merchant becomes lost during a storm .","Seeking shelter , he enters a dazzling palace .","A hidden figure opens the giant doors and silently invites him in .","The merchant finds tables inside laden with food and drink , which seem to have been left for him by the palace 's invisible owner .","The merchant accepts this gift and spends the night there .","The next morning , as the merchant is about to leave , he sees a rose garden and recalls that Beauty had desired a rose .","Upon picking the loveliest rose he can find , the merchant is confronted by a hideous `` Beast '' which tells him that for taking his most precious possession after accepting his hospitality , the merchant must die .","The merchant begs to be set free , arguing that he had only picked the rose as a gift for his youngest daughter .","The Beast agrees to let him give the rose to Beauty , but only if the merchant or one of his daughters will return .","Beauty"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3815055379256721436","input":"federalist paper #10 warns about the formation of political parties as factions","passages":[{"title":"Federalist No. 10","text":"He then makes an argument in favor of a large republic against a small republic for the choice of `` fit characters '' to represent the public 's voice . In a large republic , where the number of voters and candidates is greater , the probability to elect competent representatives is broader . The voters have a wider option . In a small republic , it would also be easier for the candidates to fool the voters but more difficult in a large one . The last argument Madison makes in favor of a large republic is that as , in a small republic , there will be a lower variety of interests and parties , a majority will more frequently be found . The number of participants of that majority will be lower , and , since they live in a more limited territory , it would be easier for them to agree and work together for the accomplishment of their ideas . While in a large republic the variety of interests will be greater so to make it harder to find a majority . Even if there is a majority , it would be harder for them to work together because of the large number of people and the fact they are spread out in a wider territory .","sentences":["He then makes an argument in favor of a large republic against a small republic for the choice of `` fit characters '' to represent the public 's voice .","In a large republic , where the number of voters and candidates is greater , the probability to elect competent representatives is broader .","The voters have a wider option .","In a small republic , it would also be easier for the candidates to fool the voters but more difficult in a large one .","The last argument Madison makes in favor of a large republic is that as , in a small republic , there will be a lower variety of interests and parties , a majority will more frequently be found .","The number of participants of that majority will be lower , and , since they live in a more limited territory , it would be easier for them to agree and work together for the accomplishment of their ideas .","While in a large republic the variety of interests will be greater so to make it harder to find a majority .","Even if there is a majority , it would be harder for them to work together because of the large number of people and the fact they are spread out in a wider territory ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7562837022925297238","input":"where does cersei live in game of thrones","passages":[{"title":"Cersei Lannister","text":"Jump up ^ Martin , George R.R. ( 2005 ) . `` Chapter 30 : Jaime '' . A Feast for Crows . pp. 501 -- 518 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 553 - 90032 - 3 .","sentences":["Jump up ^","Martin , George R.R. ( 2005 ) .","`` Chapter 30 : Jaime '' .","A Feast for Crows .","pp.","501 -- 518 .","ISBN 978 - 0 - 553 - 90032 - 3 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8598589894044981253","input":"difference between flowers for algernon short story and novel","passages":[{"title":"Flowers for Algernon","text":"A 1961 television drama , The Two Worlds of Charlie Gordon , starring Cliff Robertson . A 1968 film , Charly , also starring Cliff Robertson , for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor . A 1969 stage play , Flowers for Algernon by David Rogers . A 1978 stage musical , Charlie and Algernon by David Rogers and Charles Strouse . A 1991 radio play , Flowers for Algernon , for BBC Radio 4 starring Tom Courtenay A 2000 television movie , Flowers for Algernon , starring Matthew Modine . A 2002 Japanese drama , Algernon ni Hanataba wo for Fuji Television , starring Y\u016bsuke Santamaria . A 2006 French television movie , Des fleurs pour Algernon . A 2015 Japanese drama , Algernon ni Hanataba wo for Tokyo Broadcasting System , starring Yamashita Tomohisa and Chiaki Kuriyama .","sentences":["A 1961 television drama , The Two Worlds of Charlie Gordon , starring Cliff Robertson .","A 1968 film , Charly , also starring Cliff Robertson , for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor .","A 1969 stage play , Flowers for Algernon by David Rogers .","A 1978 stage musical , Charlie and Algernon by David Rogers and Charles Strouse .","A 1991 radio play , Flowers for Algernon , for BBC Radio 4 starring Tom Courtenay A 2000 television movie , Flowers for Algernon , starring Matthew Modine .","A 2002 Japanese drama , Algernon ni Hanataba wo for Fuji Television , starring Y\u016bsuke Santamaria .","A 2006 French television movie , Des fleurs pour Algernon .","A 2015 Japanese drama , Algernon ni Hanataba wo for Tokyo Broadcasting System , starring Yamashita Tomohisa and Chiaki Kuriyama ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7142327259383923532","input":"where was the blue lagoon the awakening filmed","passages":[{"title":"Blue Lagoon: The Awakening","text":"Emma and Dean are two high - school students on a class trip to Trinidad to build a school for less fortunate children and to explore the island . The two have little in common . During a boat party , Emma falls overboard when the party is interrupted by a police raid and Dean jumps into the water to save her . Dean then severs the rope attaching the dinghy to the party boat as he does not want to get into any more trouble than he already has . The pair drifts to a deserted island , avoiding dangerous rocks by using the one paddle in the dinghy . Back home , their parents have been alerted that the pair was last seen on the party boat and the parents desperately search for them . Wondering if they will ever be rescued , Emma and Dean must rely on each other to survive . Together they learn to build a fire , fish and find food . At first they are friends , but eventually their bond evolves into a romantic and intimate relationship . After being stranded for over 100 days , they are rescued by a tourist helicopter and taken back . They are met by family , friends and the media . Emma is thrust back into a more popular position in school while Dean , still somewhat of an outcast , still longs for her . Adjusting back to their everyday lives , their relationship becomes somewhat strained and distant . Emma attends the prom and Dean eventually decides to go as well after a little push by his father . At the prom , Emma spots Dean outside , watching her through the window as it is pouring rain on him . Emma goes out to meet him after encouragement from her best friend Lizzie . Emma and Dean kiss passionately and then dance together .","sentences":["Emma and Dean are two high - school students on a class trip to Trinidad to build a school for less fortunate children and to explore the island .","The two have little in common .","During a boat party , Emma falls overboard when the party is interrupted by a police raid and Dean jumps into the water to save her .","Dean then severs the rope attaching the dinghy to the party boat as he does not want to get into any more trouble than he already has .","The pair drifts to a deserted island , avoiding dangerous rocks by using the one paddle in the dinghy .","Back home , their parents have been alerted that the pair was last seen on the party boat and the parents desperately search for them .","Wondering if they will ever be rescued , Emma and Dean must rely on each other to survive .","Together they learn to build a fire , fish and find food .","At first they are friends , but eventually their bond evolves into a romantic and intimate relationship .","After being stranded for over 100 days , they are rescued by a tourist helicopter and taken back .","They are met by family , friends and the media .","Emma is thrust back into a more popular position in school while Dean , still somewhat of an outcast , still longs for her .","Adjusting back to their everyday lives , their relationship becomes somewhat strained and distant .","Emma attends the prom and Dean eventually decides to go as well after a little push by his father .","At the prom , Emma spots Dean outside , watching her through the window as it is pouring rain on him .","Emma goes out to meet him after encouragement from her best friend Lizzie .","Emma and Dean kiss passionately and then dance together ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4967185365491726548","input":"as co concentrations increase what happens to oxygen binding to hemoglobin","passages":[{"title":"Bohr effect","text":"The Bohr effect hinges around allosteric interactions between the hemes of the haemoglobin tetramer , a mechanism first proposed by Max Perutz in 1970 . Haemoglobin exists in two conformations : a high - affinity R state and a low - affinity T state . When oxygen concentration levels are high , as in the lungs , the R state is favored , enabling the maximum amount of oxygen to be bound to the hemes . In the capillaries , where oxygen concentration levels are lower , the T state is favored , in order to facilitate the delivery of oxygen to the tissues . The Bohr effect is dependent on this allostery , as increases in CO and H help stabilize the T state and ensure greater oxygen delivery to muscles during periods of elevated cellular respiration . This is evidenced by the fact that myoglobin , a monomer with no allostery , does not exhibit the Bohr effect . Haemoglobin mutants with weaker allostery may exhibit a reduced Bohr effect . For example , in Hiroshima variant haemoglobinopathy , allostery in haemoglobin is reduced , and the Bohr effect is diminished . As a result , during periods of exercise , the mutant haemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen and tissue may suffer minor oxygen starvation .","sentences":["The Bohr effect hinges around allosteric interactions between the hemes of the haemoglobin tetramer , a mechanism first proposed by Max Perutz in 1970 .","Haemoglobin exists in two conformations : a high - affinity R state and a low - affinity T state .","When oxygen concentration levels are high , as in the lungs , the R state is favored , enabling the maximum amount of oxygen to be bound to the hemes .","In the capillaries , where oxygen concentration levels are lower , the T state is favored , in order to facilitate the delivery of oxygen to the tissues .","The Bohr effect is dependent on this allostery , as increases in CO and H help stabilize the T state and ensure greater oxygen delivery to muscles during periods of elevated cellular respiration .","This is evidenced by the fact that myoglobin , a monomer with no allostery , does not exhibit the Bohr effect .","Haemoglobin mutants with weaker allostery may exhibit a reduced Bohr effect .","For example , in Hiroshima variant haemoglobinopathy , allostery in haemoglobin is reduced , and the Bohr effect is diminished .","As a result , during periods of exercise , the mutant haemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen and tissue may suffer minor oxygen starvation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6536023592700484554","input":"what gods do you kill in god of war ps4","passages":[{"title":"Characters of God of War","text":"Barbarian King Alrik -- The former ruler of a horde of barbarians . As the champion of Hades , he sought the Ambrosia to save his ailing father . Alrik was ultimately unsuccessful and was killed by Kratos . Resurrected by Hades , Prince Alrik learned that he had become King after the death of his father . Alrik sought vengeance against Kratos , and his barbarian horde threatened to overwhelm Kratos ' opposing Spartan army . Alrik almost killed Kratos in combat , but this was undone at the critical moment when Kratos offered up his life to Ares and was returned to battle equipped with the Blades of Chaos , which Kratos used to decapitate Alrik . Alrik eventually fought his way out of the Underworld , and intent on revenge , found and confronted Kratos on the Island of Creation . Kratos killed the Barbarian King once again , and took his hammer . The character was voiced by Bob Joles in God of War II , and Fred Tatasciore in God of War III during the psyche sequence .","sentences":["Barbarian King Alrik -- The former ruler of a horde of barbarians .","As the champion of Hades , he sought the Ambrosia to save his ailing father .","Alrik was ultimately unsuccessful and was killed by Kratos .","Resurrected by Hades , Prince Alrik learned that he had become King after the death of his father .","Alrik sought vengeance against Kratos , and his barbarian horde threatened to overwhelm Kratos ' opposing Spartan army .","Alrik almost killed Kratos in combat , but this was undone at the critical moment when Kratos offered up his life to Ares and was returned to battle equipped with the Blades of Chaos , which Kratos used to decapitate Alrik .","Alrik eventually fought his way out of the Underworld , and intent on revenge , found and confronted Kratos on the Island of Creation .","Kratos killed the Barbarian King once again , and took his hammer .","The character was voiced by Bob Joles in God of War II , and Fred Tatasciore in God of War III during the psyche sequence ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6852481890910006912","input":"wwe money in the bank 2014 ladder match","passages":[{"title":"Money in the Bank (2014)","text":"The event is named after the Money In The Bank ladder match , in which multiple wrestlers use ladders to retrieve a briefcase hanging above the ring . The winner is guaranteed a match for the WWE World Heavyweight Championship at a time of their choosing within the next year . On the June 2 episode of Raw , Alberto Del Rio qualified for the match by defeating Dolph Ziggler . The following week , following Daniel Bryan being stripped of his WWE World Championship due to injury , Stephanie McMahon changed the match into a ladder match for the vacant WWE World Heavyweight Championship itself . The same night , Triple H placed Randy Orton into the match , while United States Champion Sheamus and Cesaro defeated Intercontinental Champion Bad News Barrett and Rob Van Dam respectively to qualify . On the June 13 episode of SmackDown , Bray Wyatt qualified for the match after defeating Dean Ambrose ( with interference from Seth Rollins ) . On the June 16 episode of Raw , John Cena won a spot in the match by defeating Kane in a Stretcher match , and Roman Reigns qualified for the match by winning a 19 - man battle royal . On the June 23 episode of Raw , Kane was added to the match by Triple H .","sentences":["The event is named after the Money In The Bank ladder match , in which multiple wrestlers use ladders to retrieve a briefcase hanging above the ring .","The winner is guaranteed a match for the WWE World Heavyweight Championship at a time of their choosing within the next year .","On the June 2 episode of Raw , Alberto Del Rio qualified for the match by defeating Dolph Ziggler .","The following week , following Daniel Bryan being stripped of his WWE World Championship due to injury , Stephanie McMahon changed the match into a ladder match for the vacant WWE World","Heavyweight Championship itself .","The same night , Triple H placed Randy Orton into the match , while United States Champion Sheamus and Cesaro defeated Intercontinental Champion Bad News Barrett and Rob Van Dam respectively to qualify .","On the June 13 episode of SmackDown , Bray Wyatt qualified for the match after defeating Dean Ambrose ( with interference from Seth Rollins ) .","On the June 16 episode of Raw , John Cena won a spot in the match by defeating Kane in a Stretcher match , and Roman Reigns qualified for the match by winning a 19 - man battle royal .","On the June 23 episode of Raw , Kane was added to the match by Triple H ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3915712191002189799","input":"how ling did it take to make incredibles 2","passages":[{"title":"Incredibles 2","text":"Helen is chosen to spearhead the stunt under her old identity , Elastigirl . Winston provides the Parr family with a new home , and Bob offers to look after the kids while Helen is away . Bob struggles with his new role as a stay - at - home parent : Dash is having trouble with math , and Violet becomes withdrawn after learning that Tony had his entire memory of her wiped by Dicker . Jack - Jack also displays his various superpowers in an uncontrollable manner , requiring him to be temporarily babysat by Edna Mode , who develops a suit designed to help control his abilities . Meanwhile , whilst on her missions in the city of New Urbem , Elastigirl confronts the Screenslaver , a mysterious supervillain who projects hypnotic images using television screens . She eventually tracks down and captures the villain , who is unmasked as a pizza delivery man with no recollection of his actions .","sentences":["Helen is chosen to spearhead the stunt under her old identity , Elastigirl .","Winston provides the Parr family with a new home , and Bob offers to look after the kids while Helen is away .","Bob struggles with his new role as a stay - at - home parent :","Dash is having trouble with math , and Violet becomes withdrawn after learning that Tony had his entire memory of her wiped by Dicker .","Jack - Jack also displays his various superpowers in an uncontrollable manner , requiring him to be temporarily babysat by Edna Mode , who develops a suit designed to help control his abilities .","Meanwhile , whilst on her missions in the city of New Urbem , Elastigirl confronts the Screenslaver , a mysterious supervillain who projects hypnotic images using television screens .","She eventually tracks down and captures the villain , who is unmasked as a pizza delivery man with no recollection of his actions ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2386968087464743299","input":"where does the term computer bug come from","passages":[{"title":"Software bug","text":"Programming languages include features to help prevent bugs , such as static type systems , restricted namespaces and modular programming . For example , when a programmer writes ( pseudocode ) LET REAL_VALUE PI = `` THREE AND A BIT '' , although this may be syntactically correct , the code fails a type check . Compiled languages catch this without having to run the program . Interpreted languages catch such errors at runtime . Some languages deliberate exclude features that easily lead to bugs , at the expense of slower performance : the general principle being that , it is almost always better to write simpler , slower code than inscrutable code that runs slightly faster , especially considering that maintenance cost is substantial . For example , the Java programming language does not support pointer arithmetic ; implementations of some languages such as Pascal and scripting languages often have runtime bounds checking of arrays , at least in a debugging build .","sentences":["Programming languages include features to help prevent bugs , such as static type systems , restricted namespaces and modular programming .","For example , when a programmer writes ( pseudocode ) LET REAL_VALUE PI = `` THREE AND A BIT '' , although this may be syntactically correct , the code fails a type check .","Compiled languages catch this without having to run the program .","Interpreted languages catch such errors at runtime .","Some languages deliberate exclude features that easily lead to bugs , at the expense of slower performance : the general principle being that , it is almost always better to write simpler , slower code than inscrutable code that runs slightly faster , especially considering that maintenance cost is substantial .","For example , the Java programming language does not support pointer arithmetic ; implementations of some languages such as Pascal and scripting languages often have runtime bounds checking of arrays , at least in a debugging build ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5979440688823046422","input":"the legend of the lion king disneyland paris","passages":[{"title":"The Legend of the Lion King","text":"The show debuted in Walt Disney World 's Magic Kingdom on July 8 , 1994 ; taking place in the same theater that is currently being used for Mickey 's PhilharMagic show in Fantasyland . The Legend of The Lion King replaced the 3 - D movie Magic Journeys , which was shown in the Fantasyland Theater for 6 years from December 1987 through December 1993 . This show featured what Disney describes as `` Disney Humanimals '' which are `` larger - than - life figures that look just like their animated film counterparts '' . The Mufasa Disney Humanimal measured seven feet long from tail to tip , six feet tall , and was perched upon an 18 - foot Pride Rock that rose from below the stage . The stage for show was 125 - feet wide and was bigger than the seating area in order to permit the use of giant sets . The attraction closed on February 23 , 2002 to be replaced by Mickey 's PhilharMagic .","sentences":["The show debuted in Walt Disney World 's Magic Kingdom on July 8 , 1994 ; taking place in the same theater that is currently being used for Mickey 's PhilharMagic show in Fantasyland .","The Legend of The Lion King replaced the 3 - D movie Magic Journeys , which was shown in the Fantasyland Theater for 6 years from December 1987 through December 1993 .","This show featured what Disney describes as `` Disney Humanimals '' which are `` larger - than - life figures that look just like their animated film counterparts '' .","The Mufasa Disney Humanimal measured seven feet long from tail to tip , six feet tall , and was perched upon an 18 - foot Pride Rock that rose from below the stage .","The stage for show was 125 - feet wide and was bigger than the seating area in order to permit the use of giant sets .","The attraction closed on February 23 , 2002 to be replaced by Mickey 's PhilharMagic ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4594092939154393938","input":"what major agreement did the constitutional convention reach after only five days of meetings","passages":[{"title":"Constitutional Convention (United States)","text":"The first major change , insisted on by Rutledge , was meant to sharply curtail the essentially unlimited powers to legislate `` in all cases for the general interests of the Union '' that the Convention only two weeks earlier had agreed to grant the Congress . Rutledge and Randolph worried that the broad powers implied in the language agreed on by the Convention would have given the national government too much power at the expense of the states . In Randolph 's outline the committee replaced that language with a list of 18 specific `` enumerated '' powers , many adopted from the Articles of Confederation , that would strictly limit the Congress ' authority to measures such as imposing taxes , making treaties , going to war , and establishing post offices . Rutledge , however , was not able to completely convince all of the members of the committee to accept the change . Over the course of a series of drafts , a catchall provision ( the `` Necessary and Proper Clause '' ) was eventually added , most likely by Wilson , a nationalist little concerned with the sovereignty of individual states , giving the Congress the broad power `` to make all Laws that shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers , and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States , or in any department or officer thereof . '' Another revision of Wilson 's draft also placed eight specific limits on the states , such as barring them from independently entering into treaties and from printing their own money , providing a certain degree of balance to the limits on the national government intended by Rutledge 's list of enumerated powers . In addition , Wilson 's draft modified the language of the Supremacy Clause adopted by the Convention , to ensure that national law would take precedence over inconsistent state laws .","sentences":["The first major change , insisted on by Rutledge , was meant to sharply curtail the essentially unlimited powers to legislate `` in all cases for the general interests of the Union '' that the Convention only two weeks earlier had agreed to grant the Congress .","Rutledge and Randolph worried that the broad powers implied in the language agreed on by the Convention would have given the national government too much power at the expense of the states .","In Randolph 's outline the committee replaced that language with a list of 18 specific `` enumerated '' powers , many adopted from the Articles of Confederation , that would strictly limit the Congress ' authority to measures such as imposing taxes , making treaties , going to war , and establishing post offices .","Rutledge , however , was not able to completely convince all of the members of the committee to accept the change .","Over the course of a series of drafts , a catchall provision ( the `` Necessary and Proper Clause '' ) was eventually added , most likely by Wilson , a nationalist little concerned with the sovereignty of individual states , giving the Congress the broad power `` to make all Laws that shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers , and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States , or in any department or officer thereof . ''","Another revision of Wilson 's draft also placed eight specific limits on the states , such as barring them from independently entering into treaties and from printing their own money , providing a certain degree of balance to the limits on the national government intended by Rutledge 's list of enumerated powers .","In addition , Wilson 's draft modified the language of the Supremacy Clause adopted by the Convention , to ensure that national law would take precedence over inconsistent state laws ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5764559346332083091","input":"who are the characters at the end of justice league movie","passages":[{"title":"Justice League (film)","text":"With an estimated production budget of $300 million , Justice League is one of the most expensive films ever made . It premiered in Beijing on October 26 , 2017 , and was released in the United States in 2D , 3D , and IMAX on November 17 , 2017 . The film underperformed at the box office , grossing just $657 million worldwide against its massive budget , making it the lowest of the DCEU . Up against an estimated break - even point of as much as $750 million , the film lost the studio an estimated $60 million . It received mixed reviews from critics ; the action sequences , visual effects , and performances ( particularly Gadot and Miller ) were praised , while the plot , writing , pacing , villain , and overuse of CGI were criticized . The film 's tone was met with a polarized reception , with some appreciating the lighter tone compared to previous DC films , while others found it inconsistent .","sentences":["With an estimated production budget of $300 million , Justice League is one of the most expensive films ever made .","It premiered in Beijing on October 26 , 2017 , and was released in the United States in 2D , 3D , and IMAX on November 17 , 2017 .","The film underperformed at the box office , grossing just $657 million worldwide against its massive budget , making it the lowest of the DCEU .","Up against an estimated break - even point of as much as $750 million , the film lost the studio an estimated $60 million .","It received mixed reviews from critics ; the action sequences , visual effects , and performances ( particularly Gadot and Miller ) were praised , while the plot , writing , pacing , villain , and overuse of CGI were criticized .","The film 's tone was met with a polarized reception , with some appreciating the lighter tone compared to previous DC films , while others found it inconsistent ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2812609122274762341","input":"why are there 12 days between christmas and epiphany","passages":[{"title":"Twelve Days of Christmas","text":"The period between Christmas and Epiphany is fast - free . During this period one celebration leads into another . The Nativity of Christ is a three - day celebration : the formal title of the first day ( i . e . Christmas Eve ) is `` The Nativity According to the Flesh of our Lord , God and Saviour Jesus Christ '' , and celebrates not only the Nativity of Jesus , but also the Adoration of the Shepherds of Bethlehem and the arrival of the Magi ; the second day is referred to as the `` Synaxis of the Theotokos '' , and commemorates the role of the Virgin Mary in the Incarnation ; the third day is known as the `` Third Day of the Nativity '' , and is also the feast day of the Protodeacon and Protomartyr Saint Stephen . 29 December is the Orthodox Feast of the Holy Innocents . The Afterfeast of the Nativity ( similar to the Western octave ) continues until 31 December ( that day is known as the Apodosis or `` leave - taking '' of the Nativity ) . Russian","sentences":["The period between Christmas and Epiphany is fast - free .","During this period one celebration leads into another .","The Nativity of Christ is a three - day celebration : the formal title of the first day ( i .","e .","Christmas Eve ) is `` The Nativity","According to the Flesh of our Lord , God and Saviour Jesus Christ '' , and celebrates not only the Nativity of Jesus , but also the Adoration of the Shepherds of Bethlehem and the arrival of the Magi ; the second day is referred to as the `` Synaxis of the Theotokos '' , and commemorates the role of the Virgin Mary in the Incarnation ; the third day is known as the `` Third Day of the Nativity '' , and is also the feast day of the Protodeacon and Protomartyr Saint Stephen .","29 December is the Orthodox Feast of the Holy Innocents .","The Afterfeast of the Nativity ( similar to the Western octave ) continues until 31 December ( that day is known as the Apodosis or `` leave - taking '' of the Nativity ) .","Russian"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7349426943438990233","input":"when did canada officially became a bilingual country","passages":[{"title":"Official bilingualism in Canada","text":"Jurisdiction Right to use English and French in Parliament \/ Legislature Laws are Bilingual Right to use English or French in the courts Canada Yes . Yes . Yes . Alberta Yes . No : English only . Yes , but only in oral submissions , not written . British Columbia No : English only . No : English only . No : English only . Manitoba Yes . Yes . Yes . New Brunswick Yes . Yes . Yes . Newfoundland and Labrador No : English only . No : English only . No : English only . Nova Scotia No : English only . No : English only . No : English only . Ontario Yes . Yes . Yes . Prince Edward Island No : English only . No : English only . No : English only . Quebec Yes . Yes . Yes . Saskatchewan Yes . Laws and regulations can be in English only , or in both English and French . Yes . Northwest Territories Yes , as well as any of the other nine official territorial languages . Yes . Yes . A party can also use one of the other nine official languages for oral submissions . Nunavut Yes , and also the Inuit language . Yes . Yes , and also the Inuit language . Yukon Yes , and also Yukon aboriginal languages . Yes . Yes .","sentences":["Jurisdiction Right to use English and French in Parliament \/ Legislature Laws are Bilingual Right to use English or French in the courts Canada","Yes .","Yes .","Yes .","Alberta","Yes .","No : English only .","Yes , but only in oral submissions , not written .","British Columbia","No : English only .","No : English only .","No : English only .","Manitoba Yes .","Yes .","Yes .","New Brunswick","Yes .","Yes .","Yes .","Newfoundland and Labrador","No : English only .","No : English only .","No : English only .","Nova Scotia","No : English only .","No : English only .","No : English only .","Ontario","Yes .","Yes .","Yes .","Prince Edward Island","No : English only .","No : English only .","No : English only .","Quebec","Yes .","Yes .","Yes .","Saskatchewan","Yes .","Laws and regulations can be in English only , or in both English and French .","Yes .","Northwest Territories","Yes , as well as any of the other nine official territorial languages .","Yes .","Yes .","A party can also use one of the other nine official languages for oral submissions .","Nunavut Yes , and also the Inuit language .","Yes .","Yes , and also the Inuit language .","Yukon Yes , and also Yukon aboriginal languages .","Yes .","Yes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1592574874010671199","input":"me and julio down by the school yard meaning","passages":[{"title":"Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard","text":"Chart ( 1972 ) Peak position Australia ( Go - Set ) 40 Canada ( RPM ) 6 Canada MOR Playlist ( RPM ) 12 Ireland ( IRMA ) 19 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 26 New Zealand ( Listener ) 7 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 15 US Easy Listening ( Billboard ) 9 US Billboard Hot 100 22 US Cash Box Top 100 7","sentences":["Chart ( 1972 )","Peak position Australia ( Go - Set ) 40","Canada ( RPM ) 6","Canada MOR Playlist ( RPM ) 12 Ireland ( IRMA ) 19 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 )","26 New Zealand ( Listener ) 7 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","15 US Easy Listening ( Billboard ) 9 US Billboard Hot 100 22 US Cash Box Top 100 7"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7007398524399013862","input":"where does big live in sex and the city","passages":[{"title":"Mr. Big (Sex and the City)","text":"Carrie eventually falls in love with Big , despite his fear of commitment . His reserved communication on relationship issues and Carrie 's coping with the ambiguity are frequent plot devices . Carrie repeatedly returns to the relationship even though he is clearly emotionally unavailable to her and unable to meet her needs . Although it appears Mr. Big was emotionally crippled by a series of failed relationships , the subject is often glossed over as him simply being selfish . Mr. Big 's tendency to take major emotional steps in the relationship more slowly than Carrie is often portrayed as emotional unavailability rather than the caution born of a repeatedly broken heart . Carrie 's misinterpretation of Mr. Big 's inner turmoil as unreachable distance often creates larger issues because of her misplaced feelings of unworthiness , and due to her propensity for not communicating truthfully until too late , results in a lot of painful misunderstandings . Carrie accepts no responsibility for her impatience and lack of empathy , often issuing ultimatums ( i.e. first break - up ) , and Big ca n't shed his ingrained emotional pessimism to fully embrace Carrie as a partner . They break up repeatedly , over the course of two years for those reasons , before Big marries a gorgeous twenty - six - year - old socialite and Ralph Lauren employee named Natasha ( Bridget Moynahan ) after dating her for only five months . This hurts Carrie , as she wonders why he could take steps with Natasha that he refused to take with Carrie . It becomes obvious later that Mr. Big had simply skipped many of the important emotional steps before marriage , many of which he had definitely , if slowly , taken with Carrie , creating the problems of distance and unavailability between Big and Natasha , which Carrie had so feared in their own relationship .","sentences":["Carrie eventually falls in love with Big , despite his fear of commitment .","His reserved communication on relationship issues and Carrie 's coping with the ambiguity are frequent plot devices .","Carrie repeatedly returns to the relationship even though he is clearly emotionally unavailable to her and unable to meet her needs .","Although it appears Mr. Big was emotionally crippled by a series of failed relationships , the subject is often glossed over as him simply being selfish .","Mr. Big 's tendency to take major emotional steps in the relationship more slowly than Carrie is often portrayed as emotional unavailability rather than the caution born of a repeatedly broken heart .","Carrie 's misinterpretation of Mr. Big 's inner turmoil as unreachable distance often creates larger issues because of her misplaced feelings of unworthiness , and due to her propensity for not communicating truthfully until too late , results in a lot of painful misunderstandings .","Carrie accepts no responsibility for her impatience and lack of empathy , often issuing ultimatums ( i.e. first break - up ) , and Big ca n't shed his ingrained emotional pessimism to fully embrace Carrie as a partner .","They break up repeatedly , over the course of two years for those reasons , before Big marries a gorgeous twenty - six - year - old socialite and Ralph Lauren employee named Natasha ( Bridget Moynahan ) after dating her for only five months .","This hurts Carrie , as she wonders why he could take steps with Natasha that he refused to take with Carrie .","It becomes obvious later that Mr. Big had simply skipped many of the important emotional steps before marriage , many of which he had definitely , if slowly , taken with Carrie , creating the problems of distance and unavailability between Big and Natasha , which Carrie had so feared in their own relationship ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5422452510419848489","input":"why is my throat irritated all the time","passages":[{"title":"Throat irritation","text":"It is inflammation of the voice box which can occur from overuse , irritation or an infection . Laryngitis can be a short term illness or a prolonged problem . The majority of cases of laryngitis are due to viral infections which only last a few days . Laryngitis is often a common complaint in individuals who sing . Opera singers or those who yell at sporting events strain the throat muscles and develop a case of laryngitis . However , persistent throat irritation and hoarseness may be from a more serious disorder like cancer .","sentences":["It is inflammation of the voice box which can occur from overuse , irritation or an infection .","Laryngitis can be a short term illness or a prolonged problem .","The majority of cases of laryngitis are due to viral infections which only last a few days .","Laryngitis is often a common complaint in individuals who sing .","Opera singers or those who yell at sporting events strain the throat muscles and develop a case of laryngitis .","However , persistent throat irritation and hoarseness may be from a more serious disorder like cancer ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1589422762672491554","input":"why was the american revolution a cause of the french revolution","passages":[{"title":"Causes of the French Revolution","text":"In Ancien R\u00e9gime France , bread was the main source of food for poor peasants and the king was required to ensure the food supply of his subjects , the king was affectionately nicknamed le premier boulanger du royaume ( `` prime baker of the kingdom '' ) . During this period , the role of the royal police was far more involved than simply upholding the law . Police held responsibility over many systems in society , even street sweeping , it also exercised a strict control over food supply . In order to maintain social order , the grain market was submitted to harsh rules to ensure the quality of the bread and its availability at all time and for the entire population . Grain merchants were viewed with suspicion , they were called `` the most cruel enemies of the people '' because they were suspected to mix flour with other products ( such as chalk or crushed bones ) or to hoard grains to raise artificially the prices of this vital commodity . The Ancien R\u00e9gime favoured a `` moral economy '' where cupidity was moderated by strict regulations . The police controlled the purity of the flour and made sure that no one would hide grains to drive up prices . Food scarcity was common in the 18th century , but the grain police would forbid exportations from regions facing bad harvests and would import grain from regions enjoying overproduction . It could also force a merchant to dump the price of his flour ( he was later compensated for his loss in times of abundance ) .","sentences":["In Ancien R\u00e9gime France , bread was the main source of food for poor peasants and the king was required to ensure the food supply of his subjects , the king was affectionately nicknamed le premier boulanger du royaume ( `` prime baker of the kingdom '' ) .","During this period , the role of the royal police was far more involved than simply upholding the law .","Police held responsibility over many systems in society , even street sweeping , it also exercised a strict control over food supply .","In order to maintain social order , the grain market was submitted to harsh rules to ensure the quality of the bread and its availability at all time and for the entire population .","Grain merchants were viewed with suspicion , they were called `` the most cruel enemies of the people '' because they were suspected to mix flour with other products ( such as chalk or crushed bones ) or to hoard grains to raise artificially the prices of this vital commodity .","The Ancien R\u00e9gime favoured a `` moral economy '' where cupidity was moderated by strict regulations .","The police controlled the purity of the flour and made sure that no one would hide grains to drive up prices .","Food scarcity was common in the 18th century , but the grain police would forbid exportations from regions facing bad harvests and would import grain from regions enjoying overproduction .","It could also force a merchant to dump the price of his flour ( he was later compensated for his loss in times of abundance ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3481201784169919026","input":"any one of the possible results of an action","passages":[{"title":"Utilitarianism","text":"The objection that `` utilitarianism does not take seriously the distinction between persons '' came to prominence in 1971 with the publication of John Rawls ' A Theory of Justice . The concept is also important in animal rights advocate Richard Ryder 's rejection of utilitarianism , in which he talks of the `` boundary of the individual '' , through which neither pain nor pleasure may pass . However , a similar objection was noted in 1970 by Thomas Nagel ( who claimed that consequentialism `` treats the desires , needs , satisfactions , and dissatisfactions of distinct persons as if they were the desires , etc. , of a mass person '' ) , and even earlier by David Gauthier , who wrote that utilitarianism supposes `` that mankind is a super-person , whose greatest satisfaction is the objective of moral action ... But this is absurd . Individuals have wants , not mankind ; individuals seek satisfaction , not mankind . A person 's satisfaction is not part of any greater satisfaction . '' Thus , the aggregation of utility becomes futile as both pain and happiness are intrinsic to and inseparable from the consciousness in which they are felt , rendering impossible the task of adding up the various pleasures of multiple individuals .","sentences":["The objection that `` utilitarianism does not take seriously the distinction between persons '' came to prominence in 1971 with the publication of John Rawls ' A Theory of Justice .","The concept is also important in animal rights advocate Richard Ryder 's rejection of utilitarianism , in which he talks of the `` boundary of the individual '' , through which neither pain nor pleasure may pass .","However , a similar objection was noted in 1970 by Thomas Nagel ( who claimed that consequentialism `` treats the desires , needs , satisfactions , and dissatisfactions of distinct persons as if they were the desires , etc. , of a mass person '' ) , and even earlier by David Gauthier , who wrote that utilitarianism supposes `` that mankind is a super-person , whose greatest satisfaction is the objective of moral action ...","But this is absurd .","Individuals have wants , not mankind ; individuals seek satisfaction , not mankind .","A person 's satisfaction is not part of any greater satisfaction . ''","Thus , the aggregation of utility becomes futile as both pain and happiness are intrinsic to and inseparable from the consciousness in which they are felt , rendering impossible the task of adding up the various pleasures of multiple individuals ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3521625258048798287","input":"what kind of education do you need to play in the nba","passages":[{"title":"Basketball","text":"In the Philippines , the Philippine Basketball Association 's first game was played on April 9 , 1975 at the Araneta Coliseum in Cubao , Quezon City . Philippines . It was founded as a `` rebellion '' of several teams from the now - defunct Manila Industrial and Commercial Athletic Association , which was tightly controlled by the Basketball Association of the Philippines ( now defunct ) , the then - FIBA recognized national association . Nine teams from the MICAA participated in the league 's first season that opened on April 9 , 1975 . The NBL is Australia 's pre-eminent men 's professional basketball league . The league commenced in 1979 , playing a winter season ( April -- September ) and did so until the completion of the 20th season in 1998 . The 1998 -- 99 season , which commenced only months later , was the first season after the shift to the current summer season format ( October -- April ) . This shift was an attempt to avoid competing directly against Australia 's various football codes . It features 8 teams from around Australia and one in New Zealand . A few players including Luc Longley , Andrew Gaze , Shane Heal , Chris Anstey and Andrew Bogut made it big internationally , becoming poster figures for the sport in Australia . The Women 's National Basketball League began in 1981 .","sentences":["In the Philippines , the Philippine Basketball Association 's first game was played on April 9 , 1975 at the Araneta Coliseum in Cubao , Quezon City .","Philippines .","It was founded as a `` rebellion '' of several teams from the now - defunct Manila Industrial and Commercial Athletic Association , which was tightly controlled by the Basketball Association of the Philippines ( now defunct ) , the then - FIBA recognized national association .","Nine teams from the MICAA participated in the league 's first season that opened on April 9 , 1975 .","The NBL is Australia 's pre-eminent men 's professional basketball league .","The league commenced in 1979 , playing a winter season ( April -- September ) and did so until the completion of the 20th season in 1998 .","The 1998 -- 99 season , which commenced only months later , was the first season after the shift to the current summer season format ( October -- April ) .","This shift was an attempt to avoid competing directly against Australia 's various football codes .","It features 8 teams from around Australia and one in New Zealand .","A few players including Luc Longley , Andrew Gaze , Shane Heal , Chris Anstey and Andrew Bogut made it big internationally , becoming poster figures for the sport in Australia .","The Women 's National Basketball League began in 1981 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3260229363108557974","input":"what problems did the united states experience with spain and great britain","passages":[{"title":"Spain and the American Revolutionary War","text":"The involvement of France was decisive in the British defeat . Spain 's contribution was important too . By allying themselves with foreign monarchies , the United States took advantage of the power struggles within European imperialism and essentially formed a united front against Britain . The new nation was eager to spread republicanism , which could threaten Spain 's own colonies , and later did so , in the Latin American wars of independence . Nevertheless , Spain maintained a level of support throughout the war in pursuit of its geopolitical interests . Historian Thomas A. Bailey says of Spain :","sentences":["The involvement of France was decisive in the British defeat .","Spain 's contribution was important too .","By allying themselves with foreign monarchies , the United States took advantage of the power struggles within European imperialism and essentially formed a united front against Britain .","The new nation was eager to spread republicanism , which could threaten Spain 's own colonies , and later did so , in the Latin American wars of independence .","Nevertheless , Spain maintained a level of support throughout the war in pursuit of its geopolitical interests .","Historian Thomas A. Bailey says of Spain :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6823997028469258430","input":"who is the ceo of americas got talent","passages":[{"title":"America's Got Talent","text":"Lindsey Stirling ( season 5 quarterfinalist ) 856,000 + Lindsey Stirling ( 2012 ) No. 23 Shatter Me ( 2014 ) No. 2 Brave Enough ( 2016 ) No. 5","sentences":["Lindsey Stirling ( season 5 quarterfinalist ) 856,000 + Lindsey Stirling ( 2012 )","No. 23","Shatter Me ( 2014 )","No. 2","Brave Enough ( 2016 )","No. 5"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4337614073154565416","input":"what does a blue and white usa flag mean","passages":[{"title":"Flag of the United States","text":"The origin of the stars and stripes design has been muddled by a story disseminated by the descendants of Betsy Ross . The apocryphal story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch handed to her by George Washington . No evidence for this exists either in the diaries of George Washington nor in the records of the Continental Congress . Indeed , nearly a century passed before Ross ' grandson , William Canby , first publicly suggested the story in 1870 . By her family 's own admission , Ross ran an upholstery business , and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776 . Furthermore , her grandson admitted that his own search through the Journals of Congress and other official records failed to find corroboration of his grandmother 's story .","sentences":["The origin of the stars and stripes design has been muddled by a story disseminated by the descendants of Betsy Ross .","The apocryphal story credits Betsy Ross for sewing the first flag from a pencil sketch handed to her by George Washington .","No evidence for this exists either in the diaries of George Washington nor in the records of the Continental Congress .","Indeed , nearly a century passed before Ross ' grandson , William Canby , first publicly suggested the story in 1870 .","By her family 's own admission , Ross ran an upholstery business , and she had never made a flag as of the supposed visit in June 1776 .","Furthermore , her grandson admitted that his own search through the Journals of Congress and other official records failed to find corroboration of his grandmother 's story ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2857372873221327671","input":"who invented the atm in the united states and in what year","passages":[{"title":"Automated teller machine","text":"The first modern ATM was an IBM 2984 and came into use at Lloyds Bank , High Street , Brentwood , Essex , UK in December 1972 . The IBM 2984 was designed at the request of Lloyds Bank . The 2984 Cash Issuing Terminal was the first true ATM , similar in function to today 's machines and named by Lloyds Bank : Cashpoint . Cashpoint is still a registered trademark of Lloyds Banking Group in the UK , but is often used as a generic trademark to refer to ATMs of all UK banks . All were online and issued a variable amount which was immediately deducted from the account . A small number of 2984s were supplied to a U.S. bank . A couple of well known historical models of ATMs include the IBM 3614 , IBM 3624 and 473x series , Diebold 10xx and TABS 9000 series , NCR 1780 and earlier NCR 770 series .","sentences":["The first modern ATM was an IBM 2984 and came into use at Lloyds Bank , High Street , Brentwood , Essex , UK in December 1972 .","The IBM 2984 was designed at the request of Lloyds Bank .","The 2984 Cash Issuing Terminal was the first true ATM , similar in function to today 's machines and named by Lloyds Bank : Cashpoint .","Cashpoint is still a registered trademark of Lloyds Banking Group in the UK , but is often used as a generic trademark to refer to ATMs of all UK banks .","All were online and issued a variable amount which was immediately deducted from the account .","A small number of 2984s were supplied to a U.S. bank .","A couple of well known historical models of ATMs include the IBM 3614 , IBM 3624 and 473x series , Diebold 10xx and TABS 9000 series , NCR 1780 and earlier NCR 770 series ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"930246312104726876","input":"who does jenny end up with in the l word","passages":[{"title":"Jenny Schecter","text":"In season six , it is revealed that Jenny is dead . The series then reverts three months before the incident , picking up from the previous series finale . Shane 's ex-girlfriend Molly Kroll ( Clementine Ford ) gives Jenny a letter of apology addressed to Shane . Jenny hides the letter so Shane will not find it . Tina defends Jenny after the original film reels of Lez Girls are stolen , preventing the film from being released . Jenny later starts a relationship with Shane . Jenny steals Alice Pieszecki 's ( Leisha Hailey ) ideas for a play which sparks a feud between the pair . Alice tries to convince everyone that the ideas were hers . Jenny keeps up the pretense and convinces everyone it is an original idea . Alice tries to break Shane and Jenny up to no avail . Jenny then reveals to Dylan Moreland ( Alexandra Hedison ) that Helena Peabody ( Rachel Shelley ) and the rest of their friends are setting her up to find out if she is in love with Helena or her money . Jenny starts teasing Max by buying him feminine gifts for his pregnancy . This alienates Shane and is worsened by her trust issues involving Shane 's fidelity . Shane sleeps with Niki once more and their relationship reaches a breaking point . Helena later finds out that Jenny revealed the truth to Dylan . This makes Helena desperate for revenge on her old friend . Tina and Shane later find Molly 's letter in the loft . Tina then finds the stolen originals of Lez Girls and she goes to confront Jenny .","sentences":["In season six , it is revealed that Jenny is dead .","The series then reverts three months before the incident , picking up from the previous series finale .","Shane 's ex-girlfriend Molly Kroll ( Clementine Ford ) gives Jenny a letter of apology addressed to Shane .","Jenny hides the letter so Shane will not find it .","Tina defends Jenny after the original film reels of Lez Girls are stolen , preventing the film from being released .","Jenny later starts a relationship with Shane .","Jenny steals Alice Pieszecki 's ( Leisha Hailey ) ideas for a play which sparks a feud between the pair .","Alice tries to convince everyone that the ideas were hers .","Jenny keeps up the pretense and convinces everyone it is an original idea .","Alice tries to break Shane and Jenny up to no avail .","Jenny then reveals to Dylan Moreland ( Alexandra Hedison ) that Helena Peabody ( Rachel Shelley ) and the rest of their friends are setting her up to find out if she is in love with Helena or her money .","Jenny starts teasing Max by buying him feminine gifts for his pregnancy .","This alienates Shane and is worsened by her trust issues involving Shane 's fidelity .","Shane sleeps with Niki once more and their relationship reaches a breaking point .","Helena later finds out that Jenny revealed the truth to Dylan .","This makes Helena desperate for revenge on her old friend .","Tina and Shane later find Molly 's letter in the loft .","Tina then finds the stolen originals of Lez Girls and she goes to confront Jenny ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2649521341710457449","input":"what episode does cole turn back into a human","passages":[{"title":"List of The Thundermans episodes","text":"Phoebe gets upset when her science teacher gives her a B , so Hank replaces her teacher and the class ' grades . However , she unexpectedly gets a D as her new grade is after she did her project . Also , Hank falls asleep from eating one of Max 's sleeping sandwiches , and it 's up to Phoebe and Max to save him during the science presentation . Meanwhile , Nora and Billy work with Barb and Dr. Colosso to try and get rid of squirrels which entered into the house when the back door was left open . In the end , Hank gives Max one of his sleeping sandwiches for dinner causing Max to fall asleep , which leaves the family an excuse to draw on his face . Guest stars : Audrey Whitby , Jeff Meacham , Andrew Friedman ( Mr. Begbouday )","sentences":["Phoebe gets upset when her science teacher gives her a B , so Hank replaces her teacher and the class ' grades .","However , she unexpectedly gets a D as her new grade is after she did her project .","Also , Hank falls asleep from eating one of Max 's sleeping sandwiches , and it 's up to Phoebe and Max to save him during the science presentation .","Meanwhile , Nora and Billy work with Barb and Dr. Colosso to try and get rid of squirrels which entered into the house when the back door was left open .","In the end , Hank gives Max one of his sleeping sandwiches for dinner causing Max to fall asleep , which leaves the family an excuse to draw on his face .","Guest stars : Audrey Whitby , Jeff Meacham , Andrew Friedman ( Mr. Begbouday )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5728619043367131630","input":"where did the initial shots of the american revolution ring out","passages":[{"title":"Battles of Lexington and Concord","text":"The regulars soon reached a point in the road now referred to as the `` Bloody Angle '' where the road rises and curves sharply to the left through a lightly - wooded area . At this place , the militia company from Woburn had positioned themselves on the southeast side of the bend in the road in a rocky , lightly - wooded field . Additional militia flowing parallel to the road from the engagement at Meriam 's Corner positioned themselves on the northwest side of the road , catching the British in a crossfire , while other militia companies on the road closed from behind to attack . Some 500 yards ( 460 m ) further along , the road took another sharp curve , this time to the right , and again the British column was caught by another large force of militiamen firing from both sides . In passing through these two sharp curves , the British force lost thirty soldiers killed or wounded , and four colonial militia were also killed , including Captain Jonathan Wilson of Bedford , Captain Nathan Wyman of Billerica , Lt. John Bacon of Natick , and Daniel Thompson of Woburn . The British soldiers escaped by breaking into a trot , a pace that the colonials could not maintain through the woods and swampy terrain . Colonial forces on the road itself behind the British were too densely packed and disorganized to mount more than a harassing attack from the rear .","sentences":["The regulars soon reached a point in the road now referred to as the `` Bloody Angle '' where the road rises and curves sharply to the left through a lightly - wooded area .","At this place , the militia company from Woburn had positioned themselves on the southeast side of the bend in the road in a rocky , lightly - wooded field .","Additional militia flowing parallel to the road from the engagement at Meriam 's Corner positioned themselves on the northwest side of the road , catching the British in a crossfire , while other militia companies on the road closed from behind to attack .","Some 500 yards ( 460 m ) further along , the road took another sharp curve , this time to the right , and again the British column was caught by another large force of militiamen firing from both sides .","In passing through these two sharp curves , the British force lost thirty soldiers killed or wounded , and four colonial militia were also killed , including Captain Jonathan Wilson of Bedford , Captain Nathan Wyman of Billerica , Lt. John Bacon of Natick , and Daniel Thompson of Woburn .","The British soldiers escaped by breaking into a trot , a pace that the colonials could not maintain through the woods and swampy terrain .","Colonial forces on the road itself behind the British were too densely packed and disorganized to mount more than a harassing attack from the rear ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6792365176575073611","input":"where does the english royal family come from","passages":[{"title":"Monarchy of the United Kingdom","text":"From 1811 to 1820 , George III suffered a severe bout of what is now believed to be porphyria , an illness rendering him incapable of ruling . His son , the future George IV , ruled in his stead as Prince Regent . During the Regency and his own reign , the power of the monarchy declined , and by the time of his successor , William IV , the monarch was no longer able to effectively interfere with parliamentary power . In 1834 , William dismissed the Whig Prime Minister , William Lamb , 2nd Viscount Melbourne , and appointed a Tory , Sir Robert Peel . In the ensuing elections , however , Peel lost . The king had no choice but to recall Lord Melbourne . During William IV 's reign , the Reform Act 1832 , which reformed parliamentary representation , was passed . Together with others passed later in the century , the Act led to an expansion of the electoral franchise and the rise of the House of Commons as the most important branch of Parliament .","sentences":["From 1811 to 1820 , George III suffered a severe bout of what is now believed to be porphyria , an illness rendering him incapable of ruling .","His son , the future George IV , ruled in his stead as Prince Regent .","During the Regency and his own reign , the power of the monarchy declined , and by the time of his successor , William IV , the monarch was no longer able to effectively interfere with parliamentary power .","In 1834 , William dismissed the Whig Prime Minister , William Lamb , 2nd Viscount Melbourne , and appointed a Tory , Sir Robert Peel .","In the ensuing elections , however , Peel lost .","The king had no choice but to recall Lord Melbourne .","During William IV 's reign , the Reform Act 1832 , which reformed parliamentary representation , was passed .","Together with others passed later in the century , the Act led to an expansion of the electoral franchise and the rise of the House of Commons as the most important branch of Parliament ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5204914332748978782","input":"what's the difference between polycythemia and polycythemia vera","passages":[{"title":"Polycythemia","text":"Primary polycythemias are due to factors intrinsic to red cell precursors . Polycythemia vera ( PCV ) , polycythemia rubra vera ( PRV ) , or erythremia , occurs when excess red blood cells are produced as a result of an abnormality of the bone marrow . Often , excess white blood cells and platelets are also produced . PCV is classified as a myeloproliferative disease . Symptoms include headaches and vertigo , and signs on physical examination include an abnormally enlarged spleen and \/ or liver . In some cases , affected individuals may have associated conditions including high blood pressure or formation of blood clots . Transformation to acute leukemia is rare . Phlebotomy is the mainstay of treatment . A hallmark of polycythemia is an elevated hematocrit , with Hct > 55 % seen in 83 % of cases . A somatic ( non-hereditary ) mutation ( V617F ) in the JAK2 gene is found in 95 % of cases , though also present in other myeloproliferative disorders .","sentences":["Primary polycythemias are due to factors intrinsic to red cell precursors .","Polycythemia vera ( PCV ) , polycythemia rubra vera ( PRV ) , or erythremia , occurs when excess red blood cells are produced as a result of an abnormality of the bone marrow .","Often , excess white blood cells and platelets are also produced .","PCV is classified as a myeloproliferative disease .","Symptoms include headaches and vertigo , and signs on physical examination include an abnormally enlarged spleen and \/ or liver .","In some cases , affected individuals may have associated conditions including high blood pressure or formation of blood clots .","Transformation to acute leukemia is rare .","Phlebotomy is the mainstay of treatment .","A hallmark of polycythemia is an elevated hematocrit , with Hct > 55 % seen in 83 % of cases .","A somatic ( non-hereditary ) mutation ( V617F ) in the JAK2 gene is found in 95 % of cases , though also present in other myeloproliferative disorders ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7536960569393139157","input":"in 1965 the united states decreased the number of us troops serving in vietnam","passages":[{"title":"Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War","text":"To gain an exemption or deferment , many men attended college , though they had to remain in college until their 26th birthday to be certain of avoiding the draft . Some men were rejected by the military as 4 - F unfit for service failing to meet physical , mental , or moral standards . Still others joined the National Guard or entered the Peace Corps as a way of avoiding Vietnam . All of these issues raised concerns about the fairness of who got selected for involuntary service , since it was often the poor or those without connections who were drafted . Ironically , in light of modern political issues , a certain exemption was a convincing claim of homosexuality , but very few men attempted this because of the stigma involved . Also , conviction for certain crimes earned an exclusion , the topic of the anti-war song `` Alice 's Restaurant '' by Arlo Guthrie .","sentences":["To gain an exemption or deferment , many men attended college , though they had to remain in college until their 26th birthday to be certain of avoiding the draft .","Some men were rejected by the military as 4 - F unfit for service failing to meet physical , mental , or moral standards .","Still others joined the National Guard or entered the Peace Corps as a way of avoiding Vietnam .","All of these issues raised concerns about the fairness of who got selected for involuntary service , since it was often the poor or those without connections who were drafted .","Ironically , in light of modern political issues , a certain exemption was a convincing claim of homosexuality , but very few men attempted this because of the stigma involved .","Also , conviction for certain crimes earned an exclusion , the topic of the anti-war song `` Alice 's Restaurant '' by Arlo Guthrie ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1088461678923943792","input":"summary of the raven by edgar allen poe","passages":[{"title":"The Raven","text":"Poe capitalized on the success of `` The Raven '' by following it up with his essay `` The Philosophy of Composition '' ( 1846 ) , in which he detailed the poem 's creation . His description of its writing is probably exaggerated , though the essay serves as an important overview of Poe 's literary theory . He explains that every component of the poem is based on logic : the raven enters the chamber to avoid a storm ( the `` midnight dreary '' in the `` bleak December '' ) , and its perch on a pallid white bust was to create visual contrast against the dark black bird . No aspect of the poem was an accident , he claims , but is based on total control by the author . Even the term `` Nevermore '' , he says , is used because of the effect created by the long vowel sounds ( though Poe may have been inspired to use the word by the works of Lord Byron or Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ) . Poe had experimented with the long o sound throughout many other poems : `` no more '' in `` Silence '' , `` evermore '' in `` The Conqueror Worm '' . The topic itself , Poe says , was chosen because `` the death ... of a beautiful woman is unquestionably the most poetical topic in the world . '' Told from `` the lips ... of a bereaved lover '' is best suited to achieve the desired effect . Beyond the poetics of it , the lost Lenore may have been inspired by events in Poe 's own life as well , either to the early loss of his mother , Eliza Poe , or the long illness endured by his wife , Virginia . Ultimately , Poe considered `` The Raven '' an experiment to `` suit at once the popular and critical taste '' , accessible to both the mainstream and high literary worlds . It is unknown how long Poe worked on `` The Raven '' ; speculation ranges from a single day to ten years . Poe recited a poem believed to be an early version with an alternate ending of `` The Raven '' in 1843 in Saratoga , New York . An early draft may have featured an owl .","sentences":["Poe capitalized on the success of `` The Raven '' by following it up with his essay `` The Philosophy of Composition '' ( 1846 ) , in which he detailed the poem 's creation .","His description of its writing is probably exaggerated , though the essay serves as an important overview of Poe 's literary theory .","He explains that every component of the poem is based on logic : the raven enters the chamber to avoid a storm ( the `` midnight dreary '' in the `` bleak December '' ) , and its perch on a pallid white bust was to create visual contrast against the dark black bird .","No aspect of the poem was an accident , he claims , but is based on total control by the author .","Even the term `` Nevermore '' , he says , is used because of the effect created by the long vowel sounds ( though Poe may have been inspired to use the word by the works of Lord Byron or Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ) .","Poe had experimented with the long o sound throughout many other poems : `` no more '' in `` Silence '' , `` evermore '' in `` The Conqueror Worm '' .","The topic itself , Poe says , was chosen because `` the death ... of a beautiful woman is unquestionably the most poetical topic in the world . ''","Told from `` the lips ... of a bereaved lover '' is best suited to achieve the desired effect .","Beyond the poetics of it , the lost Lenore may have been inspired by events in Poe 's own life as well , either to the early loss of his mother , Eliza Poe , or the long illness endured by his wife , Virginia .","Ultimately , Poe considered `` The Raven '' an experiment to `` suit at once the popular and critical taste '' , accessible to both the mainstream and high literary worlds .","It is unknown how long Poe worked on `` The Raven '' ; speculation ranges from a single day to ten years .","Poe recited a poem believed to be an early version with an alternate ending of `` The Raven '' in 1843 in Saratoga , New York .","An early draft may have featured an owl ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1547491077763151286","input":"where do the la chargers and la rams play","passages":[{"title":"Los Angeles Chargers","text":"A week later , they were able to build off their win by not only beating the two - time defending champion New England Patriots 41 -- 17 , but also ending the Pats ' 21 - game winning streak at home . In their Week 5 Monday Night home game against the Pittsburgh Steelers , the Chargers wore their throw - back uniforms during this season ( they had also worn them during the 1994 season ) . The Steelers held on to win with a 40 - yard field goal by Jeff Reed ( 24 -- 22 ) . The Chargers rebounded on the road against their division rival Oakland Raiders ( 27 -- 14 ) . In their Week 7 road trip to Philadelphia , they hoped to build off their win against the Eagles . Late in the game , with the Chargers leading 17 -- 13 , the Chargers tried to go for a field goal to put their lead well out of reach , but it got blocked and Eagles DB Matt Ware returned it 65 yards for the game - winning touchdown and the Chargers fourth loss of the season .","sentences":["A week later , they were able to build off their win by not only beating the two - time defending champion New England Patriots 41 -- 17 , but also ending the Pats ' 21 - game winning streak at home .","In their Week 5 Monday Night home game against the Pittsburgh Steelers , the Chargers wore their throw - back uniforms during this season ( they had also worn them during the 1994 season ) .","The Steelers held on to win with a 40 - yard field goal by Jeff Reed ( 24 -- 22 ) .","The Chargers rebounded on the road against their division rival Oakland Raiders ( 27 -- 14 ) .","In their Week 7 road trip to Philadelphia , they hoped to build off their win against the Eagles .","Late in the game , with the Chargers leading 17 -- 13 , the Chargers tried to go for a field goal to put their lead well out of reach , but it got blocked and Eagles DB Matt Ware returned it 65 yards for the game - winning touchdown and the Chargers fourth loss of the season ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6807551360139335809","input":"if a dead tree falls in the woods does it make a sound","passages":[{"title":"If a tree falls in a forest","text":"Philosopher George Berkeley , in his work , A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge ( 1710 ) , proposes , `` But , say you , surely there is nothing easier than for me to imagine trees , for instance , in a park ( ... ) and nobody by to perceive them . ( ... ) The objects of sense exist only when they are perceived ; the trees therefore are in the garden ( ... ) no longer than while there is somebody by to perceive them . '' ( It is worth noting that the quote from section 45 is arguably a statement of an objection to Berkeley 's view , and not a proclamation of it . ) Nevertheless , Berkeley never actually wrote about the question .","sentences":["Philosopher George Berkeley , in his work , A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge ( 1710 ) , proposes , `` But , say you , surely there is nothing easier than for me to imagine trees , for instance , in a park ( ... ) and nobody by to perceive them .","( ... )","The objects of sense exist only when they are perceived ; the trees therefore are in the garden ( ... )","no longer than while there is somebody by to perceive them . ''","( It is worth noting that the quote from section 45 is arguably a statement of an objection to Berkeley 's view , and not a proclamation of it . )","Nevertheless , Berkeley never actually wrote about the question ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8731390450850964271","input":"what kind of dogs were used in the movie king arthur legend of the sword","passages":[{"title":"King Arthur: Legend of the Sword","text":"In North America , the film was released alongside Snatched and was initially projected to gross around $25 million from 3,702 theatres during its opening weekend . It made $1.15 million from Thursday night previews at about 3,200 theatres , but after making just $5.3 million on Friday , weekend projections were lowered to $15 million . It ended up debuting to $15.4 million , finishing third at the box office . Deadline.com noted that due to the film 's $175 million production budget , as well as at least an additional $100 million spent on marketing , the film was destined to be a box office bomb . Regarding the cost of the film , the site quoted one finance expert as saying : `` Make original IP ( intellectual property ) for a cost effective price . If it works then spend more if necessary on the sequel . King Arthur should have been done for $60 M -- 80M . Warner Bros. had no reason to spend $175 M - plus on this picture . '' Comparing its opening to cost , IndieWire called the film 's failings `` historic '' . The Hollywood Reporter noted that the film would likely lose about $150 million . In its second weekend the film grossed $7.2 million ( a drop of 53.5 % ) , finishing 5th at the box office .","sentences":["In North America , the film was released alongside Snatched and was initially projected to gross around $25 million from 3,702 theatres during its opening weekend .","It made $1.15 million from Thursday night previews at about 3,200 theatres , but after making just $5.3 million on Friday , weekend projections were lowered to $15 million .","It ended up debuting to $15.4 million , finishing third at the box office .","Deadline.com noted that due to the film 's $175 million production budget , as well as at least an additional $100 million spent on marketing , the film was destined to be a box office bomb .","Regarding the cost of the film , the site quoted one finance expert as saying : `` Make original IP ( intellectual property ) for a cost effective price .","If it works then spend more if necessary on the sequel .","King Arthur should have been done for $60 M -- 80M .","Warner Bros. had no reason to spend $175 M - plus on this picture . ''","Comparing its opening to cost , IndieWire called the film 's failings `` historic '' .","The Hollywood Reporter noted that the film would likely lose about $150 million .","In its second weekend the film grossed $7.2 million ( a drop of 53.5 % ) , finishing 5th at the box office ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2535848144719524389","input":"who has died from the show welcome back kotter","passages":[{"title":"Welcome Back, Kotter","text":"Vernee Watson as Verna Jean Williams , Freddie 's girlfriend . Susan Lanier as Bambi , a female addition to the Sweathogs introduced mostly as eye candy . Charles Fleischer as Carvelli , introduced as a student foil to the Sweathogs in Season 2 . Bob Harcum as Murray , Carvelli 's loyal , and extremely dim , sidekick . Dennis Bowen as Todd Ludlow , a nerdy academic high achiever . Geoffrey Stump as Kyle `` the Heartbreaker '' Lucas Irene Arranga as Mary Johnson , later became Arnold Horshack 's wife . Melonie Haller as Angie Grabowski , introduced in Season 3 as the only official female Sweathog but was gone by the end of the season .","sentences":["Vernee Watson as Verna Jean Williams , Freddie 's girlfriend .","Susan Lanier as Bambi , a female addition to the Sweathogs introduced mostly as eye candy .","Charles Fleischer as Carvelli , introduced as a student foil to the Sweathogs in Season 2 .","Bob Harcum as Murray , Carvelli 's loyal , and extremely dim , sidekick .","Dennis Bowen as Todd Ludlow , a nerdy academic high achiever .","Geoffrey Stump as Kyle `` the Heartbreaker '' Lucas Irene Arranga as Mary Johnson , later became Arnold Horshack 's wife .","Melonie Haller as Angie Grabowski , introduced in Season 3 as the only official female Sweathog but was gone by the end of the season ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"419687808247669483","input":"when did germany declare war on russia ww1","passages":[{"title":"Timeline of World War I","text":"Dates Events January 5 -- 17 Austro - Hungarian offensive against Montenegro , which capitulates . Details January 6 -- 7 Battle of Mojkovac January 6 -- 8 Battle of Sheikh Sa'ad , a phase of the First Siege of Kut . January 9 The Gallipoli Campaign ends in an Allied defeat and an Ottoman victory . Details January 10 -- February 16 Battle of Erzurum . January 11 Corfu occupied by the Allies . Details January 13 Battle of Wadi , a phase of the First Siege of Kut . Details January 21 Battle of Hanna , a phase of the First Siege of Kut . January 24 Reinhard Scheer is appointed commander of Germany 's Hochseeflotte . Details January 27 Conscription introduced in the United Kingdom by the Military Service Act 1916 . Details February 5 -- April 15 Trebizond Campaign . February 12 Battle of Salaita Hill . February 21 The Battle of Verdun begins . February 26 Battle of Agagia , Senussi rebellion suppressed by the British . February 28 German Kamerun ( Cameroon ) surrenders . Details March 1 Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare . Details March 1 -- 15 Fifth Battle of the Isonzo . March 2 -- August 4 Battle of Bitlis . March 8 Battle of Dujaila : a British attempt to relieve Kut failed . Details March 9 Germany declares war on Portugal . Portugal officially enters the war . Details March 11 -- 12 Battle of Latema Nek . March 14 The Manifesto of the Sixteen , declaring Kropotkinist - anarchist support of the Allied war effort , is published . Details March 18 Battle of Kahe . March 18 -- April Lake Naroch Offensive . April 24 -- 29 Easter Rising by Irish rebels for independence from the United Kingdom . Details April 24 -- 30 The Kienthal Conference , the second meeting of the anti-war socialist Zimmerwald Movement , is held in Kienthal , Switzerland . Details April 27 -- 29 Gas attacks at Hulluch . April 29 The British forces under siege at Kut surrender to the Ottomans , first siege of Kut ends . Details May 7 -- 10 Battle of Kondoa Irangi . May 10 Germany suspends unrestricted submarine warfare . Details May 15 -- June 10 Austro - Hungarian Strafexpedition in Trentino . Details May 16 Signing of the Sykes - Picot Agreement between Britain and France defining their proposed spheres in the Middle East . Details May 31 -- June 1 Battle of Jutland between Britain 's Grand Fleet and Germany 's Hochseeflotte . Details June 2 -- 14 Battle of Mont Sorrel . June 4 The Brusilov Offensive begins . June 5 The Arab Revolt in Hejaz begins . Details The HMS Hampshire is sunk off the Orkney Islands ; Lord Kitchener dies . Details June 10 Italy : Paolo Boselli succeeds Antonio Salandra as Prime Minister . Details The Siege of Medina begins . June 10 -- July 4 Battle of Mecca , Arabs capture the city . Details June 30 Battle of the Boar 's Head , diversion from the Battle of the Somme which began the next day . July Battle of Taif . Details July 1 The Battle of the Somme begins . Details July 1 -- 3 The Social Democratic Party wins a majority in the parliament of the Russian - ruled Grand Duchy of Finland . Details July 1 -- 13 Second Battle of Albert ( Opening phase of the Battle of the Somme ) . Details July 1 -- 2 British capture Fricourt during the Second Battle of Albert . Details July 2 -- 25 Battle of Erzincan . July 3 -- 7 British capture La Boisselle during the Second Battle of Albert . Details July 3 -- 12 British capture Mametz Wood during the Second Battle of Albert . Details July 3 -- 17 British capture Ovillers during the Second Battle of Albert and Battle of Bazentin Ridge . Details July 4 -- 6 Battle of Kostiuchnowka . July 7 -- 11 British capture Contalmaison during the Second Battle of Albert . Details July 8 -- 14 British capture Tr\u00f4nes Wood during the Second Battle of Albert . Details July 14 -- 17 Battle of Bazentin Ridge ( Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details July 14 -- September 15 Battles for Longueval and Delville Wood ( Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details July 19 -- 20 Battle of Fromelles ( Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme ) . July 23 -- August 7 Battle of Pozi\u00e8res ( Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details July 24 -- August 8 Battle of Kowel . August 3 -- 5 Battle of Romani . Ottoman attack on the British in the Sinai peninsula fails . Details August 6 -- 17 Sixth Battle of the Isonzo . The Italians capture Gorizia ( August 9 ) . Details August 6 Battle of Doberdo , part of the Sixth Battle of Isonzo . August 9 -- 18 First battle of Doiran . Details August 24 Battle of Mlali . August 27 Romania enters the war on the Entente 's side . Her army is defeated in a few weeks . August 27 -- December Conquest of Romania by Central Powers . Details August 27 -- November 26 Battle of Transylvania , a phase of the conquest of Romania . August 28 Italy declares war on Germany . August 29 Paul von Hindenburg replaces Erich von Falkenhayn as German Chief of Staff . Details September 2 -- 6 Battle of Turtucaia , a phase of the conquest of Romania . September 3 -- 6 Battle of Guillemont ( intermediate phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details September 5 -- 7 Battle of Dobrich , a phase of the conquest of Romania . September 6 The Central Powers create a unified command . September 7 -- 11 Battle of Kisaki . September 9 Battle of Ginchy ( intermediate phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details September 12 -- December 11 Monastir Offensive , set up of the Salonika Front . September 12 -- 14 Battle of Malka Nidzhe , a phase of the Monastir Offensive . September 12 -- 30 Battle of Kaymakchalan , a phase of the Monastir Offensive . September 14 -- 17 Seventh Battle of the Isonzo September 15 -- 22 Battle of Flers - Courcelette ; the British use armored tanks for the first time in history . Details September 17 -- 19 First Battle of Cobadin , a phase of the conquest of Romania . September 20 The Brusilov Offensive ends with a substantial Russian success . Details September 25 -- 28 Battle of Morval ( part of the final stages of the Battle of the Somme ) Details September 26 -- 28 Battle of Thiepval Ridge ( part of the final stages of the Battle of the Somme ) Details September 29 -- October 5 Flamanda Offensive , a phase of the conquest of Romania . October -- November First Battle of the Cerna Bend , a phase of the Monastir Offensive . Details October 1 -- November 5 Battle of Le Transloy ( last stage of the Battle of the Somme ) Details October 1 -- November 11 Battle of Ancre Heights ( last stage of the Battle of the Somme ) . October 9 -- 12 Eighth Battle of the Isonzo . October 19 -- 25 Second Battle of Cobadin , a phase of the conquest of Romania . October 24 The French recapture Fort Douaumont near Verdun . Details November 1 -- 4 Ninth Battle of the Isonzo . November 13 -- 18 Battle of the Ancre ( closing phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details November 18 The Battle of the Somme ends with enormous casualties and an Anglo - French advantage . Details November 21 HMHS Britannic sinks after hitting a German mine Details Francis Joseph I , Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary , dies and is succeeded by Charles I . Details November 25 David Beatty replaces John Jellicoe as commander of the Grand Fleet . Jellicoe becomes First Lord of the Sea . Details November 25 -- December 3 Battle of Bucharest , a phase of the conquest of Romania . November 28 Prunaru Charge , a phase of the Battle of Bucharest , Romanian cavalry desperately charge into enemy lines . December 1 Battle of the Arges , a phase of the Battle of Bucharest . December 1 -- January 18 , 1917 Allies capture Yanbu . Details December 5 -- 7 United Kingdom : Prime Minister H.H. Asquith resigns and is succeeded by David Lloyd George . Details December 6 The Germans occupy Bucharest . The capital of Romania moved to Ia\u015fi . Details December 13 Robert Nivelle replaces Joseph Joffre as Commander - in - Chief of the French Army . Details December 18 Battle of Verdun ends with enormous casualties on both sides . December 23 Battle of Magdhaba in the Sinai peninsula . Details December 23 -- 29 Christmas Battles . December 27 Togoland is divided into British and French administrative zones . Details December 29 Grigori Rasputin , Russia 's \u00e9minence grise , is assassinated . Details","sentences":["Dates Events January 5 -- 17 Austro - Hungarian offensive against Montenegro , which capitulates .","Details January 6 -- 7 Battle of Mojkovac January 6 -- 8 Battle of Sheikh Sa'ad , a phase of the First Siege of Kut .","January 9 The Gallipoli Campaign ends in an Allied defeat and an Ottoman victory .","Details January 10 -- February 16 Battle of Erzurum .","January 11 Corfu occupied by the Allies .","Details January 13 Battle of Wadi , a phase of the First Siege of Kut .","Details January 21 Battle of Hanna , a phase of the First Siege of Kut .","January 24 Reinhard Scheer is appointed commander of Germany 's Hochseeflotte .","Details January 27 Conscription introduced in the United Kingdom by the Military Service Act 1916 .","Details February 5 -- April 15 Trebizond Campaign .","February 12 Battle of Salaita Hill .","February 21","The Battle of Verdun begins .","February 26 Battle of Agagia , Senussi rebellion suppressed by the British .","February 28 German Kamerun ( Cameroon ) surrenders .","Details March 1 Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare .","Details March 1 -- 15 Fifth Battle of the Isonzo .","March 2 -- August 4 Battle of Bitlis .","March 8 Battle of Dujaila : a British attempt to relieve Kut failed .","Details March 9 Germany declares war on Portugal .","Portugal officially enters the war .","Details March 11 -- 12 Battle of Latema Nek .","March 14","The Manifesto of the Sixteen , declaring Kropotkinist - anarchist support of the Allied war effort , is published .","Details March 18 Battle of Kahe .","March 18 -- April Lake Naroch Offensive .","April 24 -- 29 Easter Rising by Irish rebels for independence from the United Kingdom .","Details April 24 -- 30 The Kienthal Conference , the second meeting of the anti-war socialist Zimmerwald Movement , is held in Kienthal , Switzerland .","Details April 27 -- 29 Gas attacks at Hulluch .","April 29","The British forces under siege at Kut surrender to the Ottomans , first siege of Kut ends .","Details May 7 -- 10 Battle of Kondoa Irangi .","May 10 Germany suspends unrestricted submarine warfare .","Details May 15 -- June 10 Austro - Hungarian Strafexpedition in Trentino .","Details May 16 Signing of the Sykes - Picot Agreement between Britain and France defining their proposed spheres in the Middle East .","Details May 31 -- June 1 Battle of Jutland between Britain 's Grand Fleet and Germany 's Hochseeflotte .","Details June 2 -- 14 Battle of Mont Sorrel .","June 4","The Brusilov Offensive begins .","June 5 The Arab Revolt in Hejaz begins .","Details The HMS Hampshire is sunk off the Orkney Islands ; Lord Kitchener dies .","Details June 10 Italy : Paolo Boselli succeeds Antonio Salandra as Prime Minister .","Details The Siege of Medina begins .","June 10 -- July 4 Battle of Mecca , Arabs capture the city .","Details June 30 Battle of the Boar 's Head , diversion from the Battle of the Somme which began the next day .","July Battle of Taif .","Details July 1 The Battle of the Somme begins .","Details July 1 -- 3 The Social Democratic Party wins a majority in the parliament of the Russian - ruled Grand Duchy of Finland .","Details July 1 -- 13 Second Battle of Albert ( Opening phase of the Battle of the Somme ) .","Details July 1 -- 2 British capture Fricourt during the Second Battle of Albert .","Details July 2 -- 25 Battle of Erzincan .","July 3 -- 7 British capture La Boisselle during the Second Battle of Albert .","Details July 3 -- 12 British capture Mametz Wood during the Second Battle of Albert .","Details July 3 -- 17 British capture Ovillers during the Second Battle of Albert and Battle of Bazentin Ridge .","Details July 4 -- 6 Battle of Kostiuchnowka .","July 7 -- 11 British capture Contalmaison during the Second Battle of Albert .","Details July 8 -- 14 British capture Tr\u00f4nes Wood during the Second Battle of Albert .","Details July 14 -- 17 Battle of Bazentin Ridge ( Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme )","Details July 14 -- September 15 Battles for Longueval and Delville Wood ( Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details July 19 -- 20 Battle of Fromelles ( Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme ) .","July 23 -- August 7 Battle of Pozi\u00e8res ( Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details July 24 -- August 8 Battle of Kowel .","August 3 -- 5 Battle of Romani .","Ottoman attack on the British in the Sinai peninsula fails .","Details August 6 -- 17 Sixth Battle of the Isonzo .","The Italians capture Gorizia ( August 9 ) .","Details August 6 Battle of Doberdo , part of the Sixth Battle of Isonzo .","August 9 -- 18 First battle of Doiran .","Details August 24 Battle of Mlali .","August 27 Romania enters the war on the Entente 's side .","Her army is defeated in a few weeks .","August 27 -- December Conquest of Romania by Central Powers .","Details August 27 -- November 26 Battle of Transylvania , a phase of the conquest of Romania .","August 28 Italy declares war on Germany .","August 29 Paul von Hindenburg replaces Erich von Falkenhayn as German Chief of Staff .","Details September 2 -- 6 Battle of Turtucaia , a phase of the conquest of Romania .","September 3 -- 6 Battle of Guillemont ( intermediate phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details September 5 -- 7 Battle of Dobrich , a phase of the conquest of Romania .","September 6 The Central Powers create a unified command .","September 7 -- 11 Battle of Kisaki .","September 9 Battle of Ginchy ( intermediate phase of the Battle of the Somme )","Details September 12 -- December 11 Monastir Offensive , set up of the Salonika Front .","September 12 -- 14 Battle of Malka Nidzhe , a phase of the Monastir Offensive .","September 12 -- 30 Battle of Kaymakchalan , a phase of the Monastir Offensive .","September 14 -- 17 Seventh Battle of the Isonzo September 15 -- 22 Battle of Flers - Courcelette ; the British use armored tanks for the first time in history .","Details September 17 -- 19 First Battle of Cobadin , a phase of the conquest of Romania .","September 20","The Brusilov Offensive ends with a substantial Russian success .","Details September 25 -- 28 Battle of Morval ( part of the final stages of the Battle of the Somme ) Details September 26 -- 28 Battle of Thiepval Ridge ( part of the final stages of the Battle of the Somme )","Details September 29 -- October 5 Flamanda Offensive , a phase of the conquest of Romania .","October --","November First Battle of the Cerna Bend , a phase of the Monastir Offensive .","Details October 1 -- November 5 Battle of Le Transloy ( last stage of the Battle of the Somme ) Details October 1 -- November 11 Battle of Ancre Heights ( last stage of the Battle of the Somme ) .","October 9 -- 12 Eighth Battle of the Isonzo .","October 19 -- 25 Second Battle of Cobadin , a phase of the conquest of Romania .","October 24 The French recapture Fort Douaumont near Verdun .","Details November 1 -- 4 Ninth Battle of the Isonzo .","November 13 -- 18 Battle of the Ancre ( closing phase of the Battle of the Somme ) Details November 18","The Battle of the Somme ends with enormous casualties and an Anglo - French advantage .","Details November 21 HMHS Britannic sinks after hitting a German mine Details Francis Joseph I , Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary , dies and is succeeded by Charles I .","Details November 25 David Beatty replaces John Jellicoe as commander of the Grand Fleet .","Jellicoe becomes First Lord of the Sea .","Details November 25 -- December 3 Battle of Bucharest , a phase of the conquest of Romania .","November 28 Prunaru Charge , a phase of the Battle of Bucharest , Romanian cavalry desperately charge into enemy lines .","December 1 Battle of the Arges , a phase of the Battle of Bucharest .","December 1 -- January 18 , 1917 Allies capture Yanbu .","Details December 5 -- 7 United Kingdom :","Prime Minister H.H. Asquith resigns and is succeeded by David Lloyd George .","Details December 6 The Germans occupy Bucharest .","The capital of Romania moved to Ia\u015fi .","Details December 13 Robert Nivelle replaces Joseph Joffre as Commander - in - Chief of the French Army .","Details December 18 Battle of Verdun ends with enormous casualties on both sides .","December 23 Battle of Magdhaba in the Sinai peninsula .","Details December 23 -- 29 Christmas Battles .","December 27 Togoland is divided into British and French administrative zones .","Details December 29 Grigori Rasputin , Russia 's \u00e9minence grise , is assassinated .","Details"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3953072741719919835","input":"watch series the big bang theory season 3","passages":[{"title":"The Big Bang Theory","text":"Mayim Bialik as Amy Farrah Fowler ( guest star season 3 , starring seasons 4 -- ) : A woman selected by an online dating site as Sheldon 's perfect mate . Amy is from Glendale , CA . While she and Sheldon initially share social cluelessness , after befriending Penny and Bernadette she eventually becomes more interested in social and romantic interaction . Her relationship with Sheldon slowly progresses to the point at which Sheldon considers her his girlfriend . Amy believes she and Penny are best friends , a sentiment that Penny does not initially share . Amy has a PhD in neurobiology .","sentences":["Mayim Bialik as Amy Farrah Fowler ( guest star season 3 , starring seasons 4 -- ) :","A woman selected by an online dating site as Sheldon 's perfect mate .","Amy is from Glendale , CA .","While she and Sheldon initially share social cluelessness , after befriending Penny and Bernadette she eventually becomes more interested in social and romantic interaction .","Her relationship with Sheldon slowly progresses to the point at which Sheldon considers her his girlfriend .","Amy believes she and Penny are best friends , a sentiment that Penny does not initially share .","Amy has a PhD in neurobiology ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6965376477559651502","input":"where is the last battle fought associated with the war of 1812","passages":[{"title":"Battle of Fallen Timbers","text":"The Ohio Historical Society maintains a small park at the site originally believed to have the main fighting ( similar historic picture above and right ) . The site that features the Battle of Fallen Timbers Monument , honoring both Major General Anthony Wayne and his army and Little Turtle and his warriors . Additionally , there are plaques describing the Battle of Fallen Timbers and honoring the several Indian tribes that participated . The main monument has tributes inscribed on each of its four sides honoring in turn , Wayne , the fallen soldiers , Little Turtle , and his Indian warriors . The park is located near Maumee in Lucas County . Turkey Foot Rock , marking the death place of Turkey Foot , is also at the site .","sentences":["The Ohio Historical Society maintains a small park at the site originally believed to have the main fighting ( similar historic picture above and right ) .","The site that features the Battle of Fallen Timbers Monument , honoring both Major General Anthony Wayne and his army and Little Turtle and his warriors .","Additionally , there are plaques describing the Battle of Fallen Timbers and honoring the several Indian tribes that participated .","The main monument has tributes inscribed on each of its four sides honoring in turn , Wayne , the fallen soldiers , Little Turtle , and his Indian warriors .","The park is located near Maumee in Lucas County .","Turkey Foot Rock , marking the death place of Turkey Foot , is also at the site ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6659870414233101778","input":"how far is devil's tower from casper wyoming","passages":[{"title":"Devils Tower","text":"The Tower is sacred to several Plains tribes , including the Lakota , Cheyenne and Kiowa . Because of this , many Indian leaders objected to climbers ascending the monument , considering this to be a desecration . The climbers argued that they had a right to climb the Tower , since it is on federal land . A compromise was eventually reached with a voluntary climbing ban during the month of June when the tribes are conducting ceremonies around the monument . Climbers are asked , but not required , to stay off the Tower in June . According to the PBS documentary In the Light of Reverence , approximately 85 % of climbers honor the ban and voluntarily choose not to climb the Tower during the month of June . However , several climbers along with the Mountain States Legal Foundation sued the Park Service , claiming an inappropriate government entanglement with religion .","sentences":["The Tower is sacred to several Plains tribes , including the Lakota , Cheyenne and Kiowa .","Because of this , many Indian leaders objected to climbers ascending the monument , considering this to be a desecration .","The climbers argued that they had a right to climb the Tower , since it is on federal land .","A compromise was eventually reached with a voluntary climbing ban during the month of June when the tribes are conducting ceremonies around the monument .","Climbers are asked , but not required , to stay off the Tower in June .","According to the PBS documentary In the Light of Reverence , approximately 85 % of climbers honor the ban and voluntarily choose not to climb the Tower during the month of June .","However , several climbers along with the Mountain States Legal Foundation sued the Park Service , claiming an inappropriate government entanglement with religion ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6632834527356910511","input":"what mountains separate france from italy and switzerland","passages":[{"title":"Jura Mountains","text":"View a machine - translated version of the French article . Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations , but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate , rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia . Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality . If possible , verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article . You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation . A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution . You should also add the template ( ( Translated fr Massif du Jura ) ) to the talk page . For more guidance , see Wikipedia : Translation .","sentences":["View a machine - translated version of the French article .","Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations , but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate , rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia .","Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality .","If possible , verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article .","You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation .","A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution .","You should also add the template ( ( Translated fr Massif du Jura ) ) to the talk page .","For more guidance , see Wikipedia : Translation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8648064349333823771","input":"who owns the rights to la vie en rose","passages":[{"title":"La Vie en rose","text":"Stage Fright ( 1950 ) Operation : Rabbit ( 1952 ) -- instrumental only ( uncredited ) Duck ! Rabbit , Duck ! ( 1953 ) -- hummed by a mischievous Daffy Duck By the Light of the Silvery Moon ( 1953 ) -- instrumental only Sabrina ( 1954 ) -- as Sabrina Fairchild 's song Noches de Casablanca ( 1963 ) -- sung by Sara Montiel The Cheap Detective ( 1978 ) -- however , Eileen Brennan 's character , Betty DeBoop , does n't sing the words , and just sings `` La la la la la la la en rose '' Bull Durham ( 1988 ) A Foreign Field ( 1993 ) Natural Born Killers ( 1994 ) Pr\u00eat - \u00e0 - Porter ( 1994 ) Grace Jones ' version French Kiss ( 1995 ) Sabrina ( 1995 ) Chlo\u00e9 ( 1996 ) A Soldier 's Daughter Never Cries ( 1998 ) Summer of Sam ( 1999 ) View from the Top ( 2003 ) Love Me If You Dare ( 2003 ) Something 's Gotta Give Deleted Scene ( 2003 ) Piaf starring Raquel Bitton Lionsgate film ( 2003 ) Modigliani ( 2004 ) A World Without Thieves ( 2004 ) Valiant ( 2005 ) Lord of War ( 2005 ) The Yacoubian Building ( 2006 ) La Vie en rose ( 2007 ) Mister Lonely ( 2007 ) Jellyfish ( 2007 ) Fred Claus ( 2007 ) The Bucket List ( 2007 ) The Wackness ( 2008 ) WALL - E ( 2008 ) Map of the Sounds of Tokyo ( 2009 ) X-Men : First Class ( 2011 ) Monte Carlo ( 2011 ) Midnight in Paris ( 2011 ) Madagascar 3 : Europe 's Most Wanted ( 2012 ) The Hundred - Foot Journey ( 2014 ) The Other Woman ( 2014 )","sentences":["Stage Fright ( 1950 ) Operation : Rabbit ( 1952 ) -- instrumental only ( uncredited ) Duck !","Rabbit , Duck !","( 1953 ) -- hummed by a mischievous Daffy Duck By the Light of the Silvery Moon ( 1953 ) -- instrumental only Sabrina ( 1954 ) -- as Sabrina Fairchild 's song Noches de Casablanca ( 1963 ) -- sung by Sara Montiel The Cheap Detective ( 1978 ) -- however , Eileen Brennan 's character , Betty DeBoop , does n't sing the words , and just sings `` La la la la la la la en rose ''","Bull Durham ( 1988 )","A Foreign Field ( 1993 ) Natural Born Killers ( 1994 ) Pr\u00eat - \u00e0 - Porter ( 1994 ) Grace Jones ' version French Kiss ( 1995 )","Sabrina ( 1995 )","Chlo\u00e9 ( 1996 )","A Soldier 's Daughter Never Cries ( 1998 )","Summer of Sam ( 1999 )","View from the Top ( 2003 )","Love Me","If You Dare ( 2003 )","Something 's Gotta Give Deleted Scene ( 2003 )","Piaf starring Raquel Bitton Lionsgate film ( 2003 )","Modigliani ( 2004 )","A World Without Thieves ( 2004 )","Valiant ( 2005 )","Lord of War ( 2005 )","The Yacoubian Building ( 2006 )","La Vie en rose ( 2007 )","Mister Lonely ( 2007 ) Jellyfish ( 2007 )","Fred Claus ( 2007 )","The Bucket List ( 2007 )","The Wackness ( 2008 ) WALL - E ( 2008 )","Map of the Sounds of Tokyo ( 2009 ) X-Men : First Class ( 2011 ) Monte Carlo ( 2011 )","Midnight in Paris ( 2011 )","Madagascar 3 :","Europe 's Most Wanted ( 2012 )","The Hundred - Foot Journey ( 2014 )","The Other Woman ( 2014 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1165162723756354549","input":"who wants to be a superhero season 1","passages":[{"title":"Who Wants to Be a Superhero? (season 1)","text":"Rotiart ( aka Jonathan Finestone \/ Los Angeles , CA ) - Was a spy planted by Stan Lee to help weed out the least worthy superhero . ( His name spelled backwards is `` Traitor . '' ) Left on his own ( because he was n't an actual contestant ) in Episode One . Levity ( aka Tobias Trost \/ Lakeside , MT ) - Eliminated in Episode One for `` discussing '' profitability of his character for his toy business . In his exit interview , he says that Rotiart manipulated their `` discussion '' . Nitro G ( aka Darren Passarello \/ Staten Island , NY ) - Eliminated in Episode One for failing the first challenge , ' Quick Change ' , by changing in plain sight and bypassing a girl in distress . Cell Phone Girl ( aka Chelsea Weld \/ La Crescenta , CA ) - Eliminated in Episode Two for failing the courage - oriented challenge by quitting in only four seconds , explaining that a headache was the problem . The Iron Enforcer ( aka Steel Chambers \/ Brooklyn , NY ) - Eliminated in Episode Two for not demonstrating Lee 's ideas regarding a hero 's behavior and values . Recruited by Stan to return as a supervillain , The Dark Enforcer . Monkey Woman ( aka Mary Votava \/ Seattle , WA ) - Eliminated in Episode Three for giving away her secret identity without being asked and for concealing being an actress during her audition . Ty'Veculus ( aka E. Quincy Sloan \/ Bakersfield , CA ) - Eliminated in Episode Three for failing the self - sacrifice challenge by recommending Lemuria for elimination , questioning her motives and reasons for being in the competition . Creature ( aka Tonya Kay \/ Coldwater , MI ) - Eliminated in Episode Four following the revelation of her past as a litterbug and for breaking the law on the show . Lemuria ( aka Tonatzin Mondragon \/ Los Angeles , CA ) - Eliminated in Episode Four for being the only one to fail the inmate challenge . Major Victory ( aka Chris Watters \/ San Francisco , CA ) - Eliminated in Episode Five because of Stan Lee 's concern that he was becoming a `` parody of a superhero '' . Fat Momma ( aka Nell Wilson \/ Los Angeles , CA ) - The final superhero asked to turn in her costume , in Episode Six . She came in second place , with no specific reason is stated as to why . She also made an appearance on Let 's Make a Deal winning $2,000 . Feedback ( aka Matthew Atherton \/ Las Cruces , NM ) - He was dubbed as `` the next great superhero '' by Stan Lee .","sentences":["Rotiart ( aka Jonathan Finestone \/ Los Angeles , CA ) -","Was a spy planted by Stan Lee to help weed out the least worthy superhero .","( His name spelled backwards is `` Traitor . '' )","Left on his own ( because he was n't an actual contestant ) in Episode One .","Levity ( aka Tobias Trost \/ Lakeside , MT ) - Eliminated in Episode One for `` discussing '' profitability of his character for his toy business .","In his exit interview , he says that Rotiart manipulated their `` discussion '' .","Nitro G ( aka Darren Passarello \/ Staten Island , NY ) - Eliminated in Episode One for failing the first challenge , ' Quick Change ' , by changing in plain sight and bypassing a girl in distress .","Cell Phone Girl ( aka Chelsea Weld \/ La Crescenta , CA ) - Eliminated in Episode Two for failing the courage - oriented challenge by quitting in only four seconds , explaining that a headache was the problem .","The Iron Enforcer ( aka Steel Chambers \/ Brooklyn , NY ) - Eliminated in Episode Two for not demonstrating Lee 's ideas regarding a hero 's behavior and values .","Recruited by Stan to return as a supervillain , The Dark Enforcer .","Monkey Woman ( aka Mary Votava \/ Seattle , WA ) - Eliminated in Episode Three for giving away her secret identity without being asked and for concealing being an actress during her audition .","Ty'Veculus ( aka E. Quincy Sloan \/ Bakersfield , CA ) - Eliminated in Episode Three for failing the self - sacrifice challenge by recommending Lemuria for elimination , questioning her motives and reasons for being in the competition .","Creature ( aka Tonya Kay \/ Coldwater , MI ) - Eliminated in Episode Four following the revelation of her past as a litterbug and for breaking the law on the show .","Lemuria ( aka Tonatzin Mondragon \/ Los Angeles , CA ) - Eliminated in Episode Four for being the only one to fail the inmate challenge .","Major Victory ( aka Chris Watters \/ San Francisco , CA ) - Eliminated in Episode Five because of Stan Lee 's concern that he was becoming a `` parody of a superhero '' .","Fat Momma ( aka Nell Wilson \/ Los Angeles , CA ) -","The final superhero asked to turn in her costume , in Episode Six .","She came in second place , with no specific reason is stated as to why .","She also made an appearance on Let 's Make a Deal winning $2,000 .","Feedback ( aka Matthew Atherton \/ Las Cruces , NM ) -","He was dubbed as `` the next great superhero '' by Stan Lee ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3509559838968964710","input":"what is the main function of the fermentation pathway","passages":[{"title":"Fermentation","text":"The acidity of lactic acid impedes biological processes ; this can be beneficial to the fermenting organism as it drives out competitors that are unadapted to the acidity ; as a result , the food will have a longer shelf life ( part of the reason foods are purposely fermented in the first place ) ; however , beyond a certain point , the acidity starts affecting the organism that produces it . The high concentration of lactic acid ( the final product of fermentation ) drives the equilibrium backwards ( Le Chatelier 's principle ) , decreasing the rate at which fermentation can occur , and slowing down growth . Ethanol , into which lactic acid can be easily converted , is volatile and will readily escape , allowing the reaction to proceed easily . CO is also produced , but it is only weakly acidic , and even more volatile than ethanol . Acetic acid ( another conversion product ) is acidic , and not as volatile as ethanol ; however , in the presence of limited oxygen , its creation from lactic acid releases additional energy . It is a lighter molecule than lactic acid , that forms fewer hydrogen bonds with its surroundings ( due to having fewer groups that can form such bonds ) , thus is more volatile and will also allow the reaction to move forward more quickly . If propionic acid , butyric acid , and longer monocarboxylic acids are produced ( see mixed acid fermentation ) , the amount of acidity produced per glucose consumed will decrease , as with ethanol , allowing faster growth .","sentences":["The acidity of lactic acid impedes biological processes ; this can be beneficial to the fermenting organism as it drives out competitors that are unadapted to the acidity ; as a result , the food will have a longer shelf life ( part of the reason foods are purposely fermented in the first place ) ; however , beyond a certain point , the acidity starts affecting the organism that produces it .","The high concentration of lactic acid ( the final product of fermentation ) drives the equilibrium backwards ( Le Chatelier 's principle ) , decreasing the rate at which fermentation can occur , and slowing down growth .","Ethanol , into which lactic acid can be easily converted , is volatile and will readily escape , allowing the reaction to proceed easily .","CO is also produced , but it is only weakly acidic , and even more volatile than ethanol .","Acetic acid ( another conversion product ) is acidic , and not as volatile as ethanol ; however , in the presence of limited oxygen , its creation from lactic acid releases additional energy .","It is a lighter molecule than lactic acid , that forms fewer hydrogen bonds with its surroundings ( due to having fewer groups that can form such bonds ) , thus is more volatile and will also allow the reaction to move forward more quickly .","If propionic acid , butyric acid , and longer monocarboxylic acids are produced ( see mixed acid fermentation ) , the amount of acidity produced per glucose consumed will decrease , as with ethanol , allowing faster growth ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2857241753195714015","input":"what episode does april kepner find out she's pregnant","passages":[{"title":"April Kepner","text":"Kepner entertained several relationships throughout her time on Grey 's Anatomy . In her early appearances , she is introduced as the best friend and roommate of her fellow Mercy West resident , Reed Adamson . In the season six finale , when Reed is tragically murdered by Gary Clark during the shooting , April is the first to find her when she trips over her dead body . In season seven April forms a friendship with Meredith Grey and she eventually moves into her house . Ellen Pompeo offered regarding their bond : `` Meredith will accept April in order to get the audience to accept her , '' and Drew further explained : `` She 's being plugged into the community . Meredith has really taken her under her wing , is really looking out for her . Having Meredith come around to April helps the audience come around to April . ''","sentences":["Kepner entertained several relationships throughout her time on Grey 's Anatomy .","In her early appearances , she is introduced as the best friend and roommate of her fellow Mercy West resident , Reed Adamson .","In the season six finale , when Reed is tragically murdered by Gary Clark during the shooting , April is the first to find her when she trips over her dead body .","In season seven April forms a friendship with Meredith Grey and she eventually moves into her house .","Ellen Pompeo offered regarding their bond : `` Meredith will accept April in order to get the audience to accept her , '' and Drew further explained : `` She 's being plugged into the community .","Meredith has really taken her under her wing , is really looking out for her .","Having Meredith come around to April helps the audience come around to April . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5434401563512159542","input":"how many sith lords are there in star wars","passages":[{"title":"Sith","text":"The origin , agenda , abilities and philosophy of the Sith are intertwined with their relationship to the Force . With proper training , the Force may be called upon by rare individuals capable of `` sensing '' or `` touching '' it to achieve extraordinary feats such as telekinesis , precognition and mental suggestion . Not all psychological states are conducive to employing the Force ; discipline is required . However , both quietude and focused , intense passion alike can be effective . The Sith originate in a group of Force - sensitive warriors who discovered the efficacy of passion as a tool to draw on the Force approximately 6,000 years prior to the events of the first Star Wars film . Fully embracing this approach , they became defined and corrupted by it .","sentences":["The origin , agenda , abilities and philosophy of the Sith are intertwined with their relationship to the Force .","With proper training , the Force may be called upon by rare individuals capable of `` sensing '' or `` touching '' it to achieve extraordinary feats such as telekinesis , precognition and mental suggestion .","Not all psychological states are conducive to employing the Force ; discipline is required .","However , both quietude and focused , intense passion alike can be effective .","The Sith originate in a group of Force - sensitive warriors who discovered the efficacy of passion as a tool to draw on the Force approximately 6,000 years prior to the events of the first Star Wars film .","Fully embracing this approach , they became defined and corrupted by it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9068208735609183506","input":"where did amelia go on grey's anatomy","passages":[{"title":"Amelia Shepherd","text":"Several weeks later after being confronted by Sheldon , Amelia admits that she is 20 weeks pregnant with her deceased fianc\u00e9 's baby . At the moment , she is struggling on whether or not she should keep the baby and therefore , is heavily depending on Sheldon for advice . In the end she decides to keep the baby , but then she finds out her baby boy will be born with no brain , resulting in her shutting down emotionally and pushing her friends away . She eventually decides to continue the pregnancy to term and donate her baby 's organs when he dies , after a father of a patient she pronounced brain dead decides to donate his daughter 's organs so that something good can come from her death . In the season finale , she ultimately gives birth to her anencephalic son with the help of Addison and Jake . During her labor , she wishes to be left alone , fearing that if anyone was with her , she would break down and show her emotions . At one point while going through a painful contraction , she asks Jake to leave her alone , and when he refuses , she breaks down crying , letting all of her fears out in the open . Additionally while she is in labor , Jake finally tells the practice of her plans for organ donation which divides the doctors . Some believe it was a courageous act , while others believe it was murder . Sam is against the organ donation and refuses to do the harvesting , but after a talk with Amelia , he ultimately changes his mind . When it comes time for her to push , Addison hears her cries from outside the room and walks in . Amelia initially refuses Addison , but later allows Addie to coach her . When her son is born , she initially does not want to see nor hold him and wishes that his head be covered . Before taking him away for the donation , she decides to hold her baby , where she lifts the cap from his head . When the baby goes into respiratory distress in her arms , she momentarily breaks down , wishing for more time , but , then hands the baby over to Addison for the donation . Her last words to her son are `` Your daddy is waiting for you in heaven . His name is Ryan . ''","sentences":["Several weeks later after being confronted by Sheldon , Amelia admits that she is 20 weeks pregnant with her deceased fianc\u00e9 's baby .","At the moment , she is struggling on whether or not she should keep the baby and therefore , is heavily depending on Sheldon for advice .","In the end she decides to keep the baby , but then she finds out her baby boy will be born with no brain , resulting in her shutting down emotionally and pushing her friends away .","She eventually decides to continue the pregnancy to term and donate her baby 's organs when he dies , after a father of a patient she pronounced brain dead decides to donate his daughter 's organs so that something good can come from her death .","In the season finale , she ultimately gives birth to her anencephalic son with the help of Addison and Jake .","During her labor , she wishes to be left alone , fearing that if anyone was with her , she would break down and show her emotions .","At one point while going through a painful contraction , she asks Jake to leave her alone , and when he refuses , she breaks down crying , letting all of her fears out in the open .","Additionally while she is in labor , Jake finally tells the practice of her plans for organ donation which divides the doctors .","Some believe it was a courageous act , while others believe it was murder .","Sam is against the organ donation and refuses to do the harvesting , but after a talk with Amelia , he ultimately changes his mind .","When it comes time for her to push , Addison hears her cries from outside the room and walks in .","Amelia initially refuses Addison , but later allows Addie to coach her .","When her son is born , she initially does not want to see nor hold him and wishes that his head be covered .","Before taking him away for the donation , she decides to hold her baby , where she lifts the cap from his head .","When the baby goes into respiratory distress in her arms , she momentarily breaks down , wishing for more time , but , then hands the baby over to Addison for the donation .","Her last words to her son are `` Your daddy is waiting for you in heaven .","His name is Ryan . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6623725321533900401","input":"when did the calendar change from 10 to 12 months","passages":[{"title":"Roman calendar","text":"24 a.d. IX Kal . The 9th Day before the Kalends ante diem nonum Kalendas a.d. VIII Kal . a.d. VII Kal . a.d. VI Kal . Mart .","sentences":["24 a.d.","IX Kal .","The 9th Day before the Kalends ante diem nonum Kalendas a.d.","VIII Kal .","a.d.","VII Kal .","a.d.","VI Kal .","Mart ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7627744556065367783","input":"what is economics of scale and constant returns to scale","passages":[{"title":"Returns to scale","text":"F ( a K , a L ) = A ( a K ) b ( a L ) c = A a b a c K b L c = a b + c A K b L c = a b + c F ( K , L ) , ( \\ displaystyle \\ F ( aK , aL ) = A ( aK ) ^ ( b ) ( aL ) ^ ( c ) = Aa ^ ( b ) a ^ ( c ) K ^ ( b ) L ^ ( c ) = a ^ ( b + c ) AK ^ ( b ) L ^ ( c ) = a ^ ( b + c ) F ( K , L ) , )","sentences":["F ( a K , a L ) = A ( a K ) b ( a L )","c","= A a b a c K b L c = a b + c","A K b L c","= a b + c F ( K , L ) , ( \\ displaystyle \\ F ( aK , aL )","= A ( aK )","^","( b ) ( aL ) ^ ( c )","=","Aa ^ ( b ) a ^ ( c ) K ^ ( b ) L ^ ( c ) = a ^ ( b + c )","AK ^ ( b ) L ^","( c ) = a ^ ( b + c )","F ( K , L ) , )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2019090729766508729","input":"where is the second half of the titanic","passages":[{"title":"Wreck of the RMS Titanic","text":"The wreck of the RMS Titanic lies at a depth of about 12,500 feet ( 3,800 m ) ( 2.37 miles ( 3.81 km ) ) , about 370 miles ( 600 km ) south - southeast off the coast of Newfoundland . It lies in two main pieces about a third of a mile ( 600 m ) apart . The bow is still largely recognizable with many preserved interiors , despite its deterioration and the damage it sustained hitting the sea floor . In contrast , the stern is completely ruined . A debris field around the wreck contains hundreds of thousands of items spilled from the ship as she sank . The bodies of the passengers and crew would have also been distributed across the sea bed , but have been consumed by other organisms .","sentences":["The wreck of the RMS Titanic lies at a depth of about 12,500 feet ( 3,800 m )","( 2.37 miles ( 3.81 km ) ) , about 370 miles ( 600 km ) south - southeast off the coast of Newfoundland .","It lies in two main pieces about a third of a mile ( 600 m ) apart .","The bow is still largely recognizable with many preserved interiors , despite its deterioration and the damage it sustained hitting the sea floor .","In contrast , the stern is completely ruined .","A debris field around the wreck contains hundreds of thousands of items spilled from the ship as she sank .","The bodies of the passengers and crew would have also been distributed across the sea bed , but have been consumed by other organisms ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7040653821803147417","input":"according to terror management theory what is the primary motive of human beings","passages":[{"title":"Terror management theory","text":"Originally , the emergence of morality evolved to facilitate co-existence within groups . Together with language , morality served pragmatic functions that extended survival . The struggle to deny the finality of death co-opted and changed the function of these cultural inventions . For example , Neanderthals might have begun burying their dead as a means of avoiding unpleasant odors , disease - infested parasites , or dangerous scavengers . But during the Upper Paleolithic era , these pragmatic burial practices appear to have become imbued with layers of ritual performance and supernatural beliefs , suggested by the elaborate decoration of bodies with thousands of beads or other markers . Food and other necessities were also included within the burial chamber , indicating the potential for a belief system that included life after death . In many human cultures today , funerals are viewed primarily as cultural events , viewed through the lens of morality and language , with little thought given to the utilitarian origins of burying the dead .","sentences":["Originally , the emergence of morality evolved to facilitate co-existence within groups .","Together with language , morality served pragmatic functions that extended survival .","The struggle to deny the finality of death co-opted and changed the function of these cultural inventions .","For example , Neanderthals might have begun burying their dead as a means of avoiding unpleasant odors , disease - infested parasites , or dangerous scavengers .","But during the Upper Paleolithic era , these pragmatic burial practices appear to have become imbued with layers of ritual performance and supernatural beliefs , suggested by the elaborate decoration of bodies with thousands of beads or other markers .","Food and other necessities were also included within the burial chamber , indicating the potential for a belief system that included life after death .","In many human cultures today , funerals are viewed primarily as cultural events , viewed through the lens of morality and language , with little thought given to the utilitarian origins of burying the dead ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4691041348084083214","input":"planck's quantum theory was based on observations of which of the following","passages":[{"title":"Planck's law","text":"U L 3 = \u222b 0 \u221e u \u03bb ( T ) d \u03bb , ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( U ) ( L ^ ( 3 ) ) ) = \\ int _ ( 0 ) ^ ( \\ infty ) u_ ( \\ lambda ) ( T ) \\ , d \\ lambda , )","sentences":["U L 3 = \u222b 0","\u221e","u \u03bb ( T )","d \u03bb , ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( U ) ( L ^ ( 3 ) ) )","= \\ int _","( 0 ) ^","( \\ infty )","u_","( \\ lambda )","( T ) \\ , d \\ lambda , )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7901767545072301178","input":"where did the laundry pod challenge come from","passages":[{"title":"Consumption of Tide Pods","text":"In response to the meme , a spokesperson from Procter & Gamble ( P&G ) was quoted in Buzzfeed News emphasizing the purpose of their pods and the health risks associated with children : `` Nothing is more important to us than the safety of the people who use our products . Our laundry pacs are a highly concentrated detergent meant to clean clothes and they 're used safely in millions of households every day . They should only be used to clean clothes and kept up , closed and away from children . We have been consistently proactive in providing consumers with the right usage guidance and tools to enable them to use the product safely . '' Tide further stated , `` They ( pods ) should not be played with , whatever the circumstance is , even if it is meant as a joke . '' Tide later partnered with New England Patriots tight end Rob Gronkowski , having him issue the message : `` What the heck is going on , people ? Use Tide Pods for washing . Not eating . Do not eat . ''","sentences":["In response to the meme , a spokesperson from Procter & Gamble ( P&G ) was quoted in Buzzfeed News emphasizing the purpose of their pods and the health risks associated with children : `` Nothing is more important to us than the safety of the people who use our products .","Our laundry pacs are a highly concentrated detergent meant to clean clothes and they 're used safely in millions of households every day .","They should only be used to clean clothes and kept up , closed and away from children .","We have been consistently proactive in providing consumers with the right usage guidance and tools to enable them to use the product safely . ''","Tide further stated , `` They ( pods ) should not be played with , whatever the circumstance is , even if it is meant as a joke . ''","Tide later partnered with New England Patriots tight end Rob Gronkowski , having him issue the message : `` What the heck is going on , people ?","Use Tide Pods for washing .","Not eating .","Do not eat . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8625702975276209895","input":"what was the meaning of the wizard of oz","passages":[{"title":"Political interpretations of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz","text":"However this may have been sarcastic or a rhetorical question , as he also wrote `` An eastern contemporary , with a grain of wisdom in its wit , says that `` when the whites win a fight , it is a victory , and when the Indians win it , it is a massacre . '' . The beginning of his Saturday Pioneer editorial also seems sympathetic to Sitting Bull `` He was an Indian with a white man 's spirit of hatred and revenge for those who had wronged him and his . In his day he saw his son and his tribe gradually driven from their possessions : forced to give up their old hunting grounds and espouse the hard working and uncongenial avocations of the whites . And these , his conquerors , were marked in their dealings with his people by selfishness , falsehood and treachery . What wonder that his wild nature , untamed by years of subjection , should still revolt ? What wonder that a fiery rage still burned within his breast and that he should seek every opportunity of obtaining vengeance upon his natural enemies . '' .","sentences":["However this may have been sarcastic or a rhetorical question , as he also wrote `` An eastern contemporary , with a grain of wisdom in its wit , says that `` when the whites win a fight , it is a victory , and when the Indians win it , it is a massacre . '' .","The beginning of his Saturday Pioneer editorial also seems sympathetic to Sitting Bull `` He was an Indian with a white man 's spirit of hatred and revenge for those who had wronged him and his .","In his day he saw his son and his tribe gradually driven from their possessions : forced to give up their old hunting grounds and espouse the hard working and uncongenial avocations of the whites .","And these , his conquerors , were marked in their dealings with his people by selfishness , falsehood and treachery .","What wonder that his wild nature , untamed by years of subjection , should still revolt ?","What wonder that a fiery rage still burned within his breast and that he should seek every opportunity of obtaining vengeance upon his natural enemies . '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7610985699359512063","input":"how much did it cost to make lost in space netflix","passages":[{"title":"Lost in Space (2018 TV series)","text":"Molly Parker as Maureen Robinson , a fearless and brilliant aerospace engineer taking her family on the mission to colonize Alpha Centauri for a new life on a better world . She is a mission commander . She is married to John Robinson and is the biological mother of all three children . Toby Stephens as John Robinson , a former U.S. Navy SEAL , and husband to Maureen . He is the biological father of Maureen 's two youngest children . Maxwell Jenkins as Will Robinson , the 11 - year - old son and youngest child of Maureen and John Robinson . He forms a tight bond with the Robot , whom he saves from destruction during a forest fire . Taylor Russell as Judy Robinson , Maureen 's 18 - year - old biracial daughter and eldest child . She is a mission doctor , having received accelerated medical training . Mina Sundwall as Penny Robinson , the 15 - year - old daughter and middle Robinson child . Ignacio Serricchio as Don West , a mechanic who also smuggles luxury goods . He has a chicken named Debbie , which he claims to be lucky . Parker Posey as Dr. Smith . She is a criminal and a psychopath who uses other people 's identities to claim their belongings . Dr. Smith , whose real name is June Harris , stole her sister Jessica 's identity and place on the colony ship . There she impersonates Dr. Zachary Smith , to take his seat on an evacuating Jupiter ship . After landing on the planet , Dr. Smith attempts to sabotage the Jupiters ' chances of being rescued by the Resolute while manipulating and gaslighting the survivors to avoid prosecution for her crimes . The theft of the doctor 's identity is a reference to the corresponding Dr. Smith character of the original TV series . Brian Steele as the Robot , an alien mechanoid being that Will encounters on the planet that his family crash lands on . The robot has a different form from the ones on the previous series and movie . Sibongile Mlambo as Angela Goddard ( season 2 ; recurring season 1 ) , a survivor struggling from post tramatic stress syndrome following her husband 's death during the Resolute attack .","sentences":["Molly Parker as Maureen Robinson , a fearless and brilliant aerospace engineer taking her family on the mission to colonize Alpha Centauri for a new life on a better world .","She is a mission commander .","She is married to John Robinson and is the biological mother of all three children .","Toby Stephens as John Robinson , a former U.S. Navy SEAL , and husband to Maureen .","He is the biological father of Maureen 's two youngest children .","Maxwell Jenkins as Will Robinson , the 11 - year - old son and youngest child of Maureen and John Robinson .","He forms a tight bond with the Robot , whom he saves from destruction during a forest fire .","Taylor Russell as Judy Robinson , Maureen 's 18 - year - old biracial daughter and eldest child .","She is a mission doctor , having received accelerated medical training .","Mina Sundwall as Penny Robinson , the 15 - year - old daughter and middle Robinson child .","Ignacio Serricchio as Don West , a mechanic who also smuggles luxury goods .","He has a chicken named Debbie , which he claims to be lucky .","Parker Posey as Dr. Smith .","She is a criminal and a psychopath who uses other people 's identities to claim their belongings .","Dr. Smith , whose real name is June Harris , stole her sister Jessica 's identity and place on the colony ship .","There she impersonates Dr. Zachary Smith , to take his seat on an evacuating Jupiter ship .","After landing on the planet , Dr. Smith attempts to sabotage the Jupiters ' chances of being rescued by the Resolute while manipulating and gaslighting the survivors to avoid prosecution for her crimes .","The theft of the doctor 's identity is a reference to the corresponding Dr. Smith character of the original TV series .","Brian Steele as the Robot , an alien mechanoid being that Will encounters on the planet that his family crash lands on .","The robot has a different form from the ones on the previous series and movie .","Sibongile Mlambo as Angela Goddard ( season 2 ; recurring season 1 ) , a survivor struggling from post tramatic stress syndrome following her husband 's death during the Resolute attack ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1506594159028754788","input":"what character does zachary levi play in thor","passages":[{"title":"Zachary Levi","text":"Film Year Title Role Notes 2005 Reel Guerrillas Evon Schwarz Short film 2006 Big Momma 's House 2 Kevin 2007 Spiral Berkeley Also executive producer 2007 Ctrl Z Ben Pillar Short film 2008 Wieners Ben 2008 The Tiffany Problem Zac Short film 2008 An American Carol Lab Tech 1 2008 Shades of Ray Ray Rehman 2009 Stuntmen Troy Ratowski 2009 Alvin and the Chipmunks : The Squeakquel Toby Seville Byron Phillips : Found Byron Phillips Short film Tangled Flynn Rider \/ Eugene Fitzherbert ( voice ) Under the Boardwalk : The Monopoly Story Narrator 2011 No Rest For the Wicked : Moebius and Basil Adventures Moebius Short film 2012 Tangled Ever After Flynn Rider \/ Eugene Fitzherbert ( voice ) Short film 2012 Defeat the Label Himself Short film 2013 Thor : The Dark World Fandral 2017 Thor : Ragnarok Fandral 2017 The Star Joseph ( voice ) 2018 Office Uprising Adam Nusbaum Post-production 2018 Blood Fest Himself Cameo ; Post-production 2019 Shazam ! Shazam Filming","sentences":["Film Year Title Role Notes 2005 Reel Guerrillas Evon Schwarz Short film 2006 Big Momma 's House 2 Kevin 2007","Spiral Berkeley Also executive producer 2007 Ctrl Z Ben Pillar Short film 2008 Wieners Ben 2008","The Tiffany Problem Zac Short film 2008 An American Carol Lab Tech 1 2008 Shades of Ray Ray Rehman 2009 Stuntmen Troy Ratowski 2009 Alvin and the Chipmunks : The Squeakquel Toby Seville Byron Phillips : Found Byron Phillips Short film Tangled Flynn Rider \/ Eugene Fitzherbert ( voice ) Under the Boardwalk : The Monopoly Story Narrator 2011 No Rest For the Wicked : Moebius and Basil Adventures Moebius Short film 2012","Tangled","Ever After Flynn Rider \/ Eugene Fitzherbert ( voice ) Short film 2012 Defeat the Label Himself Short film 2013 Thor : The Dark World Fandral 2017","Thor : Ragnarok Fandral 2017","The Star Joseph ( voice ) 2018","Office Uprising Adam Nusbaum Post-production 2018 Blood Fest Himself Cameo ; Post-production 2019 Shazam !","Shazam Filming"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2497511162521085835","input":"when does an incident report need to be completed","passages":[{"title":"Incident report","text":"The latest guidebook for the index of the International Classification of Diseases , Edition 10 , Clinical Modifications ( the ICD - 10 - CM ) has , in Chapter 20 ( External Causes of Morbidity , Codes V00 - Y99 ) , a section of external cause codes to identify and track the occurrence of certain serious medical and surgical errors and other serious events , which could constitute malpractice . Some of this data this data is collected by the National Quality Forum 's never events . The federal and state governments use the never events list as the basis for quality indicators and state - based reporting systems . Some of these are : Y65. 51 ( Performance of the wrong procedure or operation on the correct patient ) ; Y65. 52 ( Performance of a procedure or operation on a patient not scheduled for a procedure or operation ) ; and Y65. 53 ( Performance of the correct procedure or operation on the wrong side or the wrong body part of the patient ) .","sentences":["The latest guidebook for the index of the International Classification of Diseases , Edition 10 , Clinical Modifications ( the ICD - 10 - CM ) has , in Chapter 20 ( External Causes of Morbidity , Codes V00 - Y99 ) , a section of external cause codes to identify and track the occurrence of certain serious medical and surgical errors and other serious events , which could constitute malpractice .","Some of this data this data is collected by the National Quality Forum 's never events .","The federal and state governments use the never events list as the basis for quality indicators and state - based reporting systems .","Some of these are : Y65.","51","( Performance of the wrong procedure or operation on the correct patient ) ; Y65.","52 ( Performance of a procedure or operation on a patient not scheduled for a procedure or operation ) ; and Y65.","53 ( Performance of the correct procedure or operation on the wrong side or the wrong body part of the patient ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-717472272402490211","input":"when did angel start in relation to buffy","passages":[{"title":"Angel (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)","text":"In season two ( 2000 -- 2001 ) , Angel discovers that Wolfram & Hart has brought his sire and former lover Darla ( Julie Benz ) back from the dead in human form . Although Darla is intent on bringing back Angelus , Angel hopes to save her soul and help her seek redemption while she still has a chance . However , just as it looks like he might succeed , Wolfram & Hart bring in Drusilla to turn Darla back into a vampire . Angry at the lawfirm and embracing his darker side , Angel fires his employees , Cordelia , Wesley ( Alexis Denisof ) and Gunn ( J. August Richards ) ( secretly to protect them from this dark territory , as he later revealed to Lorne ( Andy Hallett ) ) , and embarks on a vendetta against Wolfram & Hart , even allowing Darla and Dru to massacre a group of lawyers . Eventually losing faith in his mission , Angel has sex with Darla in the hopes of losing his soul . Instead , he experiences an epiphany and realizes that the good fight is still worth fighting . A disgusted Darla flees L.A. and Angel reconciles with his friends , who eventually forgive him . Angel also appears in Buffy season five 's `` Forever '' , comforting Buffy after her mother 's death .","sentences":["In season two ( 2000 -- 2001 ) , Angel discovers that Wolfram & Hart has brought his sire and former lover Darla ( Julie Benz ) back from the dead in human form .","Although Darla is intent on bringing back Angelus , Angel hopes to save her soul and help her seek redemption while she still has a chance .","However , just as it looks like he might succeed , Wolfram & Hart bring in Drusilla to turn Darla back into a vampire .","Angry at the lawfirm and embracing his darker side , Angel fires his employees , Cordelia , Wesley ( Alexis Denisof ) and Gunn ( J. August Richards ) ( secretly to protect them from this dark territory , as he later revealed to Lorne ( Andy Hallett ) ) , and embarks on a vendetta against Wolfram & Hart , even allowing Darla and Dru to massacre a group of lawyers .","Eventually losing faith in his mission , Angel has sex with Darla in the hopes of losing his soul .","Instead , he experiences an epiphany and realizes that the good fight is still worth fighting .","A disgusted Darla flees L.A. and Angel reconciles with his friends , who eventually forgive him .","Angel also appears in Buffy season five 's `` Forever '' , comforting Buffy after her mother 's death ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8070078632718957146","input":"who died at the end of season 8 criminal minds","passages":[{"title":"Emily Prentiss","text":"They eventually track them down to an abandoned building in Boston and arrive with a SWAT team . Prentiss reveals to Doyle that his son , whom Doyle believed had been killed , is actually alive , and that she staged photos of executing the boy in order to get Doyle to break under interrogation in North Korea . After an intense fight , Doyle manages to stab Prentiss in the abdomen with a broken table leg . Even though she is dying , she refuses to tell him where his son is hiding , and Doyle escapes shortly before Morgan reaches her . In the hospital , the BAU team is notified that Prentiss has died . They are seen attending her funeral . The last scene , however , reveals she is alive and in Paris , where JJ meets her and gives her an envelope with `` passports from three different countries , and a bank account in each one to keep ( her ) comfortable '' .","sentences":["They eventually track them down to an abandoned building in Boston and arrive with a SWAT team .","Prentiss reveals to Doyle that his son , whom Doyle believed had been killed , is actually alive , and that she staged photos of executing the boy in order to get Doyle to break under interrogation in North Korea .","After an intense fight , Doyle manages to stab Prentiss in the abdomen with a broken table leg .","Even though she is dying , she refuses to tell him where his son is hiding , and Doyle escapes shortly before Morgan reaches her .","In the hospital , the BAU team is notified that Prentiss has died .","They are seen attending her funeral .","The last scene , however , reveals she is alive and in Paris , where JJ meets her and gives her an envelope with `` passports from three different countries , and a bank account in each one to keep ( her ) comfortable '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8645573720338573819","input":"who was the head of the royal society of london when halley came home to sell his map of the stars","passages":[{"title":"Edmond Halley","text":"Halley spent most of his time on lunar observations , but was also interested in the problems of gravity . One problem that attracted his attention was the proof of Kepler 's laws of planetary motion . In August 1684 , he went to Cambridge to discuss this with Isaac Newton , much as John Flamsteed had done four years earlier , only to find that Newton had solved the problem , at the instigation of Flamsteed with regard to the orbit of comet Kirch , without publishing the solution . Halley asked to see the calculations and was told by Newton that he could not find them , but promised to redo them and send them on later , which he eventually did , in a short treatise entitled , On the motion of bodies in an orbit . Halley recognised the importance of the work and returned to Cambridge to arrange its publication with Newton , who instead went on to expand it into his Philosophi\u00e6 Naturalis Principia Mathematica published at Halley 's expense in 1687 . Halley 's first calculations with comets were thereby for the orbit of comet Kirch , based on Flamsteed 's observations in 1680 - 1 . Although he was to accurately calculate the orbit of the comet of 1682 , he was inaccurate in his calculations of the orbit of comet Kirch . They indicated a periodicity of 575 years , thus appearing in the years 531 and 1106 , and presumably heralding the death of Julius Caesar in a like fashion in \u2212 44 ( 45 BCE ) . It is now known to have an orbital period of circa 10,000 years .","sentences":["Halley spent most of his time on lunar observations , but was also interested in the problems of gravity .","One problem that attracted his attention was the proof of Kepler 's laws of planetary motion .","In August 1684 , he went to Cambridge to discuss this with Isaac Newton , much as John Flamsteed had done four years earlier , only to find that Newton had solved the problem , at the instigation of Flamsteed with regard to the orbit of comet Kirch , without publishing the solution .","Halley asked to see the calculations and was told by Newton that he could not find them , but promised to redo them and send them on later , which he eventually did , in a short treatise entitled , On the motion of bodies in an orbit .","Halley recognised the importance of the work and returned to Cambridge to arrange its publication with Newton , who instead went on to expand it into his Philosophi\u00e6 Naturalis Principia Mathematica published at Halley 's expense in 1687 .","Halley 's first calculations with comets were thereby for the orbit of comet Kirch , based on Flamsteed 's observations in 1680 - 1 .","Although he was to accurately calculate the orbit of the comet of 1682 , he was inaccurate in his calculations of the orbit of comet Kirch .","They indicated a periodicity of 575 years , thus appearing in the years 531 and 1106 , and presumably heralding the death of Julius Caesar in a like fashion in \u2212 44 ( 45 BCE ) .","It is now known to have an orbital period of circa 10,000 years ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2646875189632563921","input":"sharp pain in right side of back when breathing","passages":[{"title":"Pleurisy","text":"During thoracentesis , a needle or a thin , hollow , plastic tube is inserted through the ribs in the back of the chest into the chest wall . A syringe is attached to draw fluid out of the chest . This procedure can remove more than 6 cups ( 1.5 litres ) of fluid at a time . When larger amounts of fluid must be removed , a chest tube may be inserted through the chest wall . The doctor injects a local painkiller into the area of the chest wall outside where the fluid is . A plastic tube is then inserted into the chest between two ribs . The tube is connected to a box that suctions the fluid out . A chest x-ray is taken to check the tube 's position . A chest tube is also used to drain blood and air from the pleural space . This can take several days . The tube is left in place , and the patient usually stays in the hospital during this time . Sometimes the fluid contains thick pus or blood clots , or it may have formed a hard skin or peel . This makes it harder to drain the fluid . To help break up the pus or blood clots , the doctor may use the chest tube to put certain medicines into the pleural space . These medicines are called fibrinolytics . If the pus or blood clots still do not drain out , surgery may be necessary .","sentences":["During thoracentesis , a needle or a thin , hollow , plastic tube is inserted through the ribs in the back of the chest into the chest wall .","A syringe is attached to draw fluid out of the chest .","This procedure can remove more than 6 cups ( 1.5 litres ) of fluid at a time .","When larger amounts of fluid must be removed , a chest tube may be inserted through the chest wall .","The doctor injects a local painkiller into the area of the chest wall outside where the fluid is .","A plastic tube is then inserted into the chest between two ribs .","The tube is connected to a box that suctions the fluid out .","A chest x-ray is taken to check the tube 's position .","A chest tube is also used to drain blood and air from the pleural space .","This can take several days .","The tube is left in place , and the patient usually stays in the hospital during this time .","Sometimes the fluid contains thick pus or blood clots , or it may have formed a hard skin or peel .","This makes it harder to drain the fluid .","To help break up the pus or blood clots , the doctor may use the chest tube to put certain medicines into the pleural space .","These medicines are called fibrinolytics .","If the pus or blood clots still do not drain out , surgery may be necessary ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"491905963514454189","input":"where do major branches of our federal government meet and work","passages":[{"title":"Federal Reserve System","text":"Each regional Bank 's board consists of nine members . Members are broken down into three classes : A , B , and C. There are three board members in each class . Class A members are chosen by the regional Bank 's shareholders , and are intended to represent member banks ' interests . Member banks are divided into three categories : large , medium , and small . Each category elects one of the three class A board members . Class B board members are also nominated by the region 's member banks , but class B board members are supposed to represent the interests of the public . Lastly , class C board members are appointed by the Board of Governors , and are also intended to represent the interests of the public . Legal","sentences":["Each regional Bank 's board consists of nine members .","Members are broken down into three classes :","A , B , and C.","There are three board members in each class .","Class A members are chosen by the regional Bank 's shareholders , and are intended to represent member banks ' interests .","Member banks are divided into three categories : large , medium , and small .","Each category elects one of the three class A board members .","Class B board members are also nominated by the region 's member banks , but class B board members are supposed to represent the interests of the public .","Lastly , class C board members are appointed by the Board of Governors , and are also intended to represent the interests of the public .","Legal"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1648346938776087964","input":"what was the last major battle of the plains indian wars","passages":[{"title":"American Indian Wars","text":"After the Civil War , all of the Indians were assigned to reservations ; the role of the army was to keep them there . The reservations themselves were under the control of the Interior Department . Control of the Great Plains fell under the Army 's Department of the Missouri , an administrative area of over 1,000,000 mi. 2 , encompassing all land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains . Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock had led the department in 1866 , but had mishandled his campaign , resulting in Sioux and Cheyenne raids that attacked mail stagecoaches , burnt the stations , and killed the employees . They also raped , killed , and kidnapped many settlers on the frontier . Under pressure from the governors , Commanding General Ulysses Grant turned to Philip Sheridan . In September 1866 , Sheridan went to Fort Martin Scott in Texas , taking three months to stop Indian raids . During his lifetime Sheridan was known as a fierce enemy of the Indians , and his approach to the Indians was encapsulated when he is thought to have said `` The only good Indian is a dead Indian '' , although he himself denied having said this when criticized by his political opponents .","sentences":["After the Civil War , all of the Indians were assigned to reservations ; the role of the army was to keep them there .","The reservations themselves were under the control of the Interior Department .","Control of the Great Plains fell under the Army 's Department of the Missouri , an administrative area of over 1,000,000 mi. 2 , encompassing all land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains .","Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock had led the department in 1866 , but had mishandled his campaign , resulting in Sioux and Cheyenne raids that attacked mail stagecoaches , burnt the stations , and killed the employees .","They also raped , killed , and kidnapped many settlers on the frontier .","Under pressure from the governors , Commanding General Ulysses Grant turned to Philip Sheridan .","In September 1866 , Sheridan went to Fort Martin Scott in Texas , taking three months to stop Indian raids .","During his lifetime Sheridan was known as a fierce enemy of the Indians , and his approach to the Indians was encapsulated when he is thought to have said `` The only good Indian is a dead Indian '' , although he himself denied having said this when criticized by his political opponents ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6484180177632267592","input":"what was one reason for the outbreak of world war 2","passages":[{"title":"Causes of World War II","text":"Mason argued that `` Nazi Germany was always bent at some time upon a major war of expansion . '' However , Mason argued that the timing of such a war was determined by domestic political pressures , especially as relating to a failing economy , and had nothing to do with what Hitler wanted . In Mason 's view in the period between 1936 -- 41 , it was the state of the German economy , and not Hitler 's ' will ' or ' intentions ' that was the most important determinate on German decision - making on foreign policy . Mason argued that the Nazi leaders were deeply haunted by the November Revolution of 1918 , and was most unwilling to see any fall in working class living standards out of the fear that it might provoke another November Revolution . According to Mason , by 1939 , the `` overheating '' of the German economy caused by rearmament , the failure of various rearmament plans produced by the shortages of skilled workers , industrial unrest caused by the breakdown of German social policies , and the sharp drop in living standards for the German working class forced Hitler into going to war at a time and place not of his choosing . Mason contended that when faced with the deep socio - economic crisis the Nazi leadership had decided to embark upon a ruthless ' smash and grab ' foreign policy of seizing territory in Eastern Europe which could be pitilessly plundered to support living standards in Germany . Mason described German foreign policy as driven by an opportunistic ' next victim ' syndrome after the Anschluss , in which the `` promiscuity of aggressive intentions '' was nurtured by every successful foreign policy move . In Mason 's opinion , the decision to sign the German - Soviet Non-Aggression Pact with the Soviet Union and to attack Poland and the running of the risk of a war with Britain and France were the abandonment by Hitler of his foreign policy program outlined in Mein Kampf forced on him by his need to stop a collapsing German economy by seizing territory abroad to be plundered .","sentences":["Mason argued that `` Nazi Germany was always bent at some time upon a major war of expansion . ''","However , Mason argued that the timing of such a war was determined by domestic political pressures , especially as relating to a failing economy , and had nothing to do with what Hitler wanted .","In Mason 's view in the period between 1936 -- 41 , it was the state of the German economy , and not Hitler 's ' will ' or ' intentions ' that was the most important determinate on German decision - making on foreign policy .","Mason argued that the Nazi leaders were deeply haunted by the November Revolution of 1918 , and was most unwilling to see any fall in working class living standards out of the fear that it might provoke another November Revolution .","According to Mason , by 1939 , the `` overheating '' of the German economy caused by rearmament , the failure of various rearmament plans produced by the shortages of skilled workers , industrial unrest caused by the breakdown of German social policies , and the sharp drop in living standards for the German working class forced Hitler into going to war at a time and place not of his choosing .","Mason contended that when faced with the deep socio - economic crisis the Nazi leadership had decided to embark upon a ruthless ' smash and grab ' foreign policy of seizing territory in Eastern Europe which could be pitilessly plundered to support living standards in Germany .","Mason described German foreign policy as driven by an opportunistic ' next victim ' syndrome after the Anschluss , in which the `` promiscuity of aggressive intentions '' was nurtured by every successful foreign policy move .","In Mason 's opinion , the decision to sign the German - Soviet Non-Aggression Pact with the Soviet Union and to attack Poland and the running of the risk of a war with Britain and France were the abandonment by Hitler of his foreign policy program outlined in Mein Kampf forced on him by his need to stop a collapsing German economy by seizing territory abroad to be plundered ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2736435994938906294","input":"who is called as the advocate of 'conflict theory'","passages":[{"title":"Conflict theories","text":"Conflict theories are perspectives in sociology and social psychology that emphasize a materialist interpretation of history , dialectical method of analysis , a critical stance toward existing social arrangements , and political program of revolution or , at least , reform . Conflict theories draw attention to power differentials , such as class conflict , and generally contrast historically dominant ideologies . It is therefore a macro level analysis of society . Karl Marx is the father of the social conflict theory , which is a component of the four paradigms of sociology . Certain conflict theories set out to highlight the ideological aspects inherent in traditional thought . While many of these perspectives hold parallels , conflict theory does not refer to a unified school of thought , and should not be confused with , for instance , peace and conflict studies , or any other specific theory of social conflict .","sentences":["Conflict theories are perspectives in sociology and social psychology that emphasize a materialist interpretation of history , dialectical method of analysis , a critical stance toward existing social arrangements , and political program of revolution or , at least , reform .","Conflict theories draw attention to power differentials , such as class conflict , and generally contrast historically dominant ideologies .","It is therefore a macro level analysis of society .","Karl Marx is the father of the social conflict theory , which is a component of the four paradigms of sociology .","Certain conflict theories set out to highlight the ideological aspects inherent in traditional thought .","While many of these perspectives hold parallels , conflict theory does not refer to a unified school of thought , and should not be confused with , for instance , peace and conflict studies , or any other specific theory of social conflict ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5598824167887828544","input":"what species of oak is used for wine barrels","passages":[{"title":"Oak (wine)","text":"In early wine history , the amphora was the vessel of choice for the storage and transportation of wine . Due to the perishable nature of wood material it is difficult to trace the usage of barrels in history . The Greek historian Herodotus noted that ancient Mesopotamians used barrels made of palm wood to transport wine along the Euphrates. Palm is a difficult material to bend and fashion into barrels , however , and wine merchants in different regions experimented with different wood styles to find a better wood source . The use of oak has been prevalent in winemaking for at least two millennia , first coming into widespread use during the time of the Roman Empire . In time , winemakers discovered that beyond just storage convenience , wine kept in oak barrels took on properties that improved it by making it softer and , in some cases , better - tasting . Robert Mondavi is credited with expanding the knowledge of winemakers in the United States about the different types of oak and barrel styles through his experiments in the 1960s and ' 70s .","sentences":["In early wine history , the amphora was the vessel of choice for the storage and transportation of wine .","Due to the perishable nature of wood material it is difficult to trace the usage of barrels in history .","The Greek historian Herodotus noted that ancient Mesopotamians used barrels made of palm wood to transport wine along the Euphrates.","Palm is a difficult material to bend and fashion into barrels , however , and wine merchants in different regions experimented with different wood styles to find a better wood source .","The use of oak has been prevalent in winemaking for at least two millennia , first coming into widespread use during the time of the Roman Empire .","In time , winemakers discovered that beyond just storage convenience , wine kept in oak barrels took on properties that improved it by making it softer and , in some cases , better - tasting .","Robert Mondavi is credited with expanding the knowledge of winemakers in the United States about the different types of oak and barrel styles through his experiments in the 1960s and ' 70s ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5144780676625709727","input":"where was the hannah montana concert movie filmed","passages":[{"title":"Hannah Montana: The Movie","text":"On June 3 , 2008 , there was an accident on the set during the filming . A huge wind blew a projection screen into a Ferris wheel full of passengers , who were extras for the movie . Fortunately , there was no serious injury . `` When the wind caught it , all the cables were loose . It started ( flying ) , '' extra Brenda Blackford told Nashville station WKRN - TV . `` I was watching to see which corner of it was gon na hit the Ferris wheel , because it was unavoidable '' . Miley Cyrus and her father Billy Ray were not on the set when the accident happened . Disney stated : `` During a break in the filming of Hannah Montana : The Movie , a minor accident occurred involving a piece of production equipment . Fortunately , there were only a few minor injuries . Medical personnel have treated the extras and crew involved . None of the cast was on the set . Filming has resumed '' .","sentences":["On June 3 , 2008 , there was an accident on the set during the filming .","A huge wind blew a projection screen into a Ferris wheel full of passengers , who were extras for the movie .","Fortunately , there was no serious injury .","`` When the wind caught it , all the cables were loose .","It started ( flying ) , '' extra Brenda Blackford told Nashville station WKRN - TV .","`` I was watching to see which corner of it was gon na hit the Ferris wheel , because it was unavoidable '' .","Miley Cyrus and her father Billy Ray were not on the set when the accident happened .","Disney stated : `` During a break in the filming of Hannah Montana : The Movie , a minor accident occurred involving a piece of production equipment .","Fortunately , there were only a few minor injuries .","Medical personnel have treated the extras and crew involved .","None of the cast was on the set .","Filming has resumed '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7928694014728364409","input":"where is western samoa located on the world map","passages":[{"title":"Samoa","text":"The New Zealand police attempted to arrest one of the leaders in the demonstration . When he resisted , a struggle developed between the police and the Mau . The officers began to fire randomly into the crowd and a Lewis machine gun , mounted in preparation for this demonstration , was used to disperse the demonstrators . Chief Tamasese was shot from behind and killed while trying to bring calm and order to the Mau demonstrators , screaming `` Peace , Samoa '' . Ten others died that day and approximately 50 were injured by gunshot wounds and police batons . That day would come to be known in Samoa as Black Saturday . The Mau grew , remaining steadfastly non-violent , and expanded to include the highly influential women 's branch .","sentences":["The New Zealand police attempted to arrest one of the leaders in the demonstration .","When he resisted , a struggle developed between the police and the Mau .","The officers began to fire randomly into the crowd and a Lewis machine gun , mounted in preparation for this demonstration , was used to disperse the demonstrators .","Chief Tamasese was shot from behind and killed while trying to bring calm and order to the Mau demonstrators , screaming `` Peace , Samoa '' .","Ten others died that day and approximately 50 were injured by gunshot wounds and police batons .","That day would come to be known in Samoa as Black Saturday .","The Mau grew , remaining steadfastly non-violent , and expanded to include the highly influential women 's branch ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6328356116645482017","input":"where was hurricane katrina originally supposed to hit","passages":[{"title":"Timeline of Hurricane Katrina","text":"President Bush appeared on Good Morning America , and said that he understood the frustration of Katrina victims , many of whom are still waiting for food , water , and other aid . `` I fully understand people wanting things to have happened yesterday , '' Bush said . `` I understand the anxiety of people on the ground. ... So there is frustration . But I want people to know there 's a lot of help coming . '' He said that the government 's first priority is to save lives , and described the devastation that he saw while flying over the hardest - hit areas as , `` very emotional , '' but was also very optimistic about the prospects of New Orleans ' recovery .","sentences":["President Bush appeared on Good Morning America , and said that he understood the frustration of Katrina victims , many of whom are still waiting for food , water , and other aid .","`` I fully understand people wanting things to have happened yesterday , '' Bush said .","`` I understand the anxiety of people on the ground. ...","So there is frustration .","But I want people to know there 's a lot of help coming . ''","He said that the government 's first priority is to save lives , and described the devastation that he saw while flying over the hardest - hit areas as , `` very emotional , '' but was also very optimistic about the prospects of New Orleans ' recovery ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6802118199922764783","input":"where can i read the missing books of the bible","passages":[{"title":"The Lost Books of the Bible and the Forgotten Books of Eden","text":"The Protevangelion The Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ The Infancy Gospel of Thomas The Epistles of Jesus Christ and Abgarus King of Edessa The Gospel of Nicodemus ( Acts of Pilate ) The Apostles ' Creed ( throughout history ) The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Laodiceans The Epistles of Paul the Apostle to Seneca , with Seneca 's to Paul The Acts of Paul and Thecla The Epistles of Clement ( The First and Second Epistles of Clement to the Corinthians ) The Epistle of Barnabas The Epistle of Ignatius to the Ephesians The Epistle of Ignatius to the Magnesians The Epistle of Ignatius to the Trallians The Epistle of Ignatius to the Romans The Epistle of Ignatius to the Philadelphians The Epistle of Ignatius to the Smyrneans The Epistle of Ignatius to Polycarp The Shepherd of Hermas ( Visions , Commands , and Similitudes ) Letter of Herod To Pilate the Governor Letter of Pilate to Herod The Lost Gospel of Peter The Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians","sentences":["The Protevangelion The Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ","The Infancy Gospel of Thomas The Epistles of Jesus Christ and Abgarus King of Edessa The Gospel of Nicodemus ( Acts of Pilate )","The Apostles ' Creed ( throughout history )","The Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Laodiceans The Epistles of Paul the Apostle to Seneca , with Seneca 's to Paul The Acts of Paul and Thecla The Epistles of Clement ( The First and Second Epistles of Clement to the Corinthians )","The Epistle of Barnabas The Epistle of Ignatius to the Ephesians The Epistle of Ignatius to the Magnesians The Epistle of Ignatius to the Trallians The Epistle of Ignatius to the Romans","The Epistle of Ignatius to the Philadelphians","The Epistle of Ignatius to the Smyrneans The Epistle of Ignatius to Polycarp The Shepherd of Hermas ( Visions , Commands , and Similitudes ) Letter of Herod To Pilate the Governor Letter of Pilate to Herod The Lost Gospel of Peter The Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7988843581324184733","input":"what happens in the 100th issue of the walking dead","passages":[{"title":"Negan","text":"Negan and his men depart from the Safe - Zone with supplies , but , unbeknownst to them , Carl is hiding in the truck with an assault rifle . Once the Saviors get back to their base , Negan is amazed to see that Dwight is still alive . `` There is always next time , I suppose , '' he says , much to Dwight 's disgust . A Savior finds Carl , and Carl uses the rifle to kill six Saviors . They surround Carl , and he demands to speak with Negan . When Negan arrives , Carl fires at them until he loses control of his gun . Dwight is about to kill Carl when Negan stops Dwight and says , `` Is that any way to treat our new guest ? ''","sentences":["Negan and his men depart from the Safe - Zone with supplies , but , unbeknownst to them , Carl is hiding in the truck with an assault rifle .","Once the Saviors get back to their base , Negan is amazed to see that Dwight is still alive .","`` There is always next time , I suppose , '' he says , much to Dwight 's disgust .","A Savior finds Carl , and Carl uses the rifle to kill six Saviors .","They surround Carl , and he demands to speak with Negan .","When Negan arrives , Carl fires at them until he loses control of his gun .","Dwight is about to kill Carl when Negan stops Dwight and says , `` Is that any way to treat our new guest ? ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7098919928735959054","input":"in the united states which of these are elected indirectly through the electoral college","passages":[{"title":"Electoral college","text":"This section needs additional citations for verification . Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( April 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["This section needs additional citations for verification .","Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( April 2015 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8268570446744301","input":"what are the relative positions of the gas giants and the kuiper belt","passages":[{"title":"Kuiper belt","text":"The classical Kuiper belt appears to be a composite of two separate populations . The first , known as the `` dynamically cold '' population , has orbits much like the planets ; nearly circular , with an orbital eccentricity of less than 0.1 , and with relatively low inclinations up to about 10 \u00b0 ( they lie close to the plane of the Solar System rather than at an angle ) . The cold population also contain a concentration of objects , referred to as the kernel , with semi-major axes at 44 -- 44.5 AU . The second , the `` dynamically hot '' population , has orbits much more inclined to the ecliptic , by up to 30 \u00b0 . The two populations have been named this way not because of any major difference in temperature , but from analogy to particles in a gas , which increase their relative velocity as they become heated up . Not only are the two populations in different orbits , the cold population also differs in color and albedo , being redder and brighter , has a larger fraction of binary objects , has a different size distribution , and lacks very large objects . The difference in colors may be a reflection of different compositions , which suggests they formed in different regions . The hot population is proposed to have formed near Neptune 's original orbit and to have been scattered out during the migration of the giant planets . The cold population , on the other hand , has been proposed to have formed more or less in its current position because the loose binaries would be unlikely to survive encounters with Neptune . Although the Nice model appears to be able to at least partially explain a compositional difference , it has also been suggested the color difference may reflect differences in surface evolution .","sentences":["The classical Kuiper belt appears to be a composite of two separate populations .","The first , known as the `` dynamically cold '' population , has orbits much like the planets ; nearly circular , with an orbital eccentricity of less than 0.1 , and with relatively low inclinations up to about 10 \u00b0 ( they lie close to the plane of the Solar System rather than at an angle ) .","The cold population also contain a concentration of objects , referred to as the kernel , with semi-major axes at 44 -- 44.5 AU .","The second , the `` dynamically hot '' population , has orbits much more inclined to the ecliptic , by up to 30 \u00b0 .","The two populations have been named this way not because of any major difference in temperature , but from analogy to particles in a gas , which increase their relative velocity as they become heated up .","Not only are the two populations in different orbits , the cold population also differs in color and albedo , being redder and brighter , has a larger fraction of binary objects , has a different size distribution , and lacks very large objects .","The difference in colors may be a reflection of different compositions , which suggests they formed in different regions .","The hot population is proposed to have formed near Neptune 's original orbit and to have been scattered out during the migration of the giant planets .","The cold population , on the other hand , has been proposed to have formed more or less in its current position because the loose binaries would be unlikely to survive encounters with Neptune .","Although the Nice model appears to be able to at least partially explain a compositional difference , it has also been suggested the color difference may reflect differences in surface evolution ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5822358516496459089","input":"who plays black phil on last man on earth","passages":[{"title":"The Last Man on Earth (TV series)","text":"I think we always saw this as more of a cable show , to be honest . They claimed from the get - go that they did n't want to change the tone of the show , and I think I went in with an eyebrow raised , thinking , okay , well when 's it going to come out that we have to change it around ? And they were great . They stuck by their pledge and let us make this different type of show . We 're so happy to have had this experience . It was just a great , great experience with Fox .","sentences":["I think we always saw this as more of a cable show , to be honest .","They claimed from the get - go that they did n't want to change the tone of the show , and I think I went in with an eyebrow raised , thinking , okay ,","well when 's it going to come out that we have to change it around ?","And they were great .","They stuck by their pledge and let us make this different type of show .","We 're so happy to have had this experience .","It was just a great , great experience with Fox ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9007778161925304726","input":"who designed the original document of the constitution of india","passages":[{"title":"Preamble to the Constitution of India","text":"Schedules ( show ) First \u2219 Second \u2219 Third \u2219 Fourth \u2219 Fifth Sixth \u2219 Seventh \u2219 Eighth \u2219 Ninth Tenth \u2219 Eleventh \u2219 Twelfth","sentences":["Schedules ( show )","First \u2219","Second \u2219","Third \u2219 Fourth \u2219 Fifth Sixth \u2219","Seventh \u2219 Eighth \u2219","Ninth Tenth \u2219","Eleventh \u2219","Twelfth"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5855869651502913909","input":"where does the first book of game of thrones end","passages":[{"title":"A Song of Ice and Fire","text":"The reported overall sales figures of the A Song of Ice and Fire series vary . The New Yorker said in April 2011 ( before the publication of A Dance with Dragons ) that more than 15 million Ice and Fire books had been sold worldwide , a figure repeated by The Globe and Mail in July 2011 . Reuters reported in September 2013 that the books including print , digital and audio versions have sold more than 24 million copies in North America . The Wall Street Journal reported more than six million sold copies in North America by May 2011 . USA Today reported 8.5 million copies in print and digital overall in July 2011 , and over 12 million sold copies in print in December 2011 . The series has been translated into more than 20 languages ; USA Today reported the fifth book to be translated into over 40 languages . Forbes estimated that Martin was the 12th highest - earning author worldwide in 2011 at $15 million .","sentences":["The reported overall sales figures of the A Song of Ice and Fire series vary .","The New Yorker said in April 2011 ( before the publication of A Dance with Dragons ) that more than 15 million Ice and Fire books had been sold worldwide , a figure repeated by The Globe and Mail in July 2011 .","Reuters reported in September 2013 that the books including print , digital and audio versions have sold more than 24 million copies in North America .","The Wall Street Journal reported more than six million sold copies in North America by May 2011 .","USA Today reported 8.5 million copies in print and digital overall in July 2011 , and over 12 million sold copies in print in December 2011 .","The series has been translated into more than 20 languages ; USA Today reported the fifth book to be translated into over 40 languages .","Forbes estimated that Martin was the 12th highest - earning author worldwide in 2011 at $15 million ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1963166124956174514","input":"when was the word baptism used in relation to the old testament","passages":[{"title":"Baptism","text":"The usual form of baptism among the earliest Christians was for the candidate to be immersed , either totally ( submerged completely under the water ) or partially ( standing or kneeling in water while water was poured on him or her ) . While John the Baptist 's use of a deep river for his baptism suggests immersion , `` The fact that he chose a permanent and deep river suggests that more than a token quantity of water was needed , and both the preposition ' in ' ( the Jordan ) and the basic meaning of the verb ' baptize ' probably indicate immersion . In v. 16 , Matthew will speak of Jesus ' coming up out of the water ' . The traditional depiction in Christian art of John the Baptist pouring water over Jesus ' head may therefore be based on later Christian practice . '' Pictorial and archaeological evidence of Christian baptism from the 3rd century onward indicates that a normal form was to have the candidate stand in water while water was poured over the upper body . Other common forms of baptism now in use include pouring water three times on the forehead , a method called affusion .","sentences":["The usual form of baptism among the earliest Christians was for the candidate to be immersed , either totally ( submerged completely under the water ) or partially ( standing or kneeling in water while water was poured on him or her ) .","While John the Baptist 's use of a deep river for his baptism suggests immersion , `` The fact that he chose a permanent and deep river suggests that more than a token quantity of water was needed , and both the preposition ' in ' ( the Jordan ) and the basic meaning of the verb ' baptize ' probably indicate immersion .","In v. 16 , Matthew will speak of Jesus ' coming up out of the water ' .","The traditional depiction in Christian art of John the Baptist pouring water over Jesus ' head may therefore be based on later Christian practice . ''","Pictorial and archaeological evidence of Christian baptism from the 3rd century onward indicates that a normal form was to have the candidate stand in water while water was poured over the upper body .","Other common forms of baptism now in use include pouring water three times on the forehead , a method called affusion ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6679658225638896579","input":"who were two of the patriots that led the throwing of tea into the boston harbor","passages":[{"title":"Boston Tea Party","text":"The Indemnity Act of 1767 , which gave the East India Company a refund of the duty on tea that was re-exported to the colonies , expired in 1772 . Parliament passed a new act in 1772 that reduced this refund , effectively leaving a 10 % duty on tea imported into Britain . The act also restored the tea taxes within Britain that had been repealed in 1767 , and left in place the three pence Townshend duty in the colonies . With this new tax burden driving up the price of British tea , sales plummeted . The company continued to import tea into Great Britain , however , amassing a huge surplus of product that no one would buy . For these and other reasons , by late 1772 the East India Company , one of Britain 's most important commercial institutions , was in a serious financial crisis . The severe famine in Bengal from 1769 to 1773 had drastically reduced the revenue of the East India Company from India bringing the Company to the verge of bankruptcy and the Tea Act of 1773 was enacted to help the East India Company .","sentences":["The Indemnity Act of 1767 , which gave the East India Company a refund of the duty on tea that was re-exported to the colonies , expired in 1772 .","Parliament passed a new act in 1772 that reduced this refund , effectively leaving a 10 % duty on tea imported into Britain .","The act also restored the tea taxes within Britain that had been repealed in 1767 , and left in place the three pence Townshend duty in the colonies .","With this new tax burden driving up the price of British tea , sales plummeted .","The company continued to import tea into Great Britain , however , amassing a huge surplus of product that no one would buy .","For these and other reasons , by late 1772 the East India Company , one of Britain 's most important commercial institutions , was in a serious financial crisis .","The severe famine in Bengal from 1769 to 1773 had drastically reduced the revenue of the East India Company from India bringing the Company to the verge of bankruptcy and the Tea Act of 1773 was enacted to help the East India Company ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1442864635203242400","input":"what proportion of the british merchant marine fleet was american built","passages":[{"title":"History of the United States Merchant Marine","text":"In 1790 , federal legislation was enacted pertaining to seamen and desertion . In 1796 , federal legislation regarding Seaman 's Protection Certificates ( also known as Protection papers ) was enacted . Immediately after the Revolutionary War the brand - new United States of America was struggling to stay financially afloat . National income was desperately needed and a great deal of this income came from import tariffs . Because of rampant smuggling , the need was immediate for strong enforcement of tariff laws , and on August 4 , 1790 , the United States Congress , urged on by Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton , created the Revenue - Marine , later renamed Revenue Cutter Service in 1862 . It would be the responsibility of the new Revenue - Marine to enforce the tariff and all other maritime laws .","sentences":["In 1790 , federal legislation was enacted pertaining to seamen and desertion .","In 1796 , federal legislation regarding Seaman 's Protection Certificates ( also known as Protection papers ) was enacted .","Immediately after the Revolutionary War the brand - new United States of America was struggling to stay financially afloat .","National income was desperately needed and a great deal of this income came from import tariffs .","Because of rampant smuggling , the need was immediate for strong enforcement of tariff laws , and on August 4 , 1790 , the United States Congress , urged on by Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton , created the Revenue - Marine , later renamed Revenue Cutter Service in 1862 .","It would be the responsibility of the new Revenue - Marine to enforce the tariff and all other maritime laws ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3636537339267807515","input":"who was the founder of panwar dynasty in garhwal","passages":[{"title":"Garhwal Kingdom","text":"Based on the testimony of inscriptions ( the earliest dating back to the 4th century AD ) , literary accounts , and local traditions it may be suggested that Far Western Nepal and Uttarakhand formed one single polity for centuries under the Katy\u016br\u012b dynasty . Therefore , both regions inherit a shared past or collective memory . The Bh\u0101rata \/ J\u0101gara of Maul\u0101 alias Jiy\u0101 R\u0101n\u012b , a Katy\u016br\u012b princess , as narrated in Doti ( Far Western Nepal ) and Uttarakhand ( India ) is an example of this common heritage . ( http:\/\/himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk\/collections\/journals\/ebhr\/pdf\/EBHR_44_01.pdf ) . Professor Giuseppe Tucci , Italian Research Scholar has researched in the history of Nepal . He came to conclusion that the Khasa Empire of Western Nepal in 12th Century had extended upto Gunge and Purang states upto Laddakh in the west , whereas towards 13th century the Empire reached its climax by annexing the western part of Nepal ( i.e Karnali and Gandaki Region ) . During the time of Khas Emperor Krachalla in BS 1280 Kumaon was annexed to Khasa Empire and his son Askhok Challa annexed Garhwal and had erected victory pillar in Gopeshwor , Garhwal . Not only this but for about fifty years ( BS 1344 - 91 ) Kathmandu Valley was also subjugated to Khasa Empire ( Prof. Surya Mani Adhikari , History of Khasa Empire ) .","sentences":["Based on the testimony of inscriptions ( the earliest dating back to the 4th century AD ) , literary accounts , and local traditions it may be suggested that Far Western Nepal and Uttarakhand formed one single polity for centuries under the Katy\u016br\u012b dynasty .","Therefore , both regions inherit a shared past or collective memory .","The Bh\u0101rata \/ J\u0101gara of Maul\u0101 alias Jiy\u0101 R\u0101n\u012b , a Katy\u016br\u012b princess , as narrated in Doti ( Far Western Nepal ) and Uttarakhand ( India ) is an example of this common heritage .","( http:\/\/himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk\/collections\/journals\/ebhr\/pdf\/EBHR_44_01.pdf ) .","Professor Giuseppe Tucci , Italian Research Scholar has researched in the history of Nepal .","He came to conclusion that the Khasa Empire of Western Nepal in 12th Century had extended upto Gunge and Purang states upto Laddakh in the west , whereas towards 13th century the Empire reached its climax by annexing the western part of Nepal ( i.e Karnali and Gandaki Region ) .","During the time of Khas Emperor Krachalla in BS 1280 Kumaon was annexed to Khasa Empire and his son Askhok Challa annexed Garhwal and had erected victory pillar in Gopeshwor , Garhwal .","Not only this but for about fifty years ( BS 1344 - 91 ) Kathmandu Valley was also subjugated to Khasa Empire ( Prof. Surya Mani Adhikari , History of Khasa Empire ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-44874303476858859","input":"where does drinking water come from in california","passages":[{"title":"Water in California","text":"`` The appropriation doctrine confers upon one who actually diverts and uses water the right to do so provided that the water is used for reasonable and beneficial uses , '' regardless of whether that person owns land contiguous to the watercourse . In addition , all appropriative rights are subordinate to riparians or earlier appropriators . In times of shortage riparians are entitled to fulfill their needs before appropriators are entitled to any use of the water . `` And , as between appropriators , the rule of priority is ' first in time , first in right . ' '' Beginning in 1914 , a statutory scheme has provided the exclusive method of acquiring appropriation rights through the California State Water Resources Control Board . The modern system of prior appropriation water rights followed by California is characterized by five principles :","sentences":["`` The appropriation doctrine confers upon one who actually diverts and uses water the right to do so provided that the water is used for reasonable and beneficial uses , '' regardless of whether that person owns land contiguous to the watercourse .","In addition , all appropriative rights are subordinate to riparians or earlier appropriators .","In times of shortage riparians are entitled to fulfill their needs before appropriators are entitled to any use of the water .","`` And , as between appropriators , the rule of priority is ' first in time , first in right . ' ''","Beginning in 1914 , a statutory scheme has provided the exclusive method of acquiring appropriation rights through the California State Water Resources Control Board .","The modern system of prior appropriation water rights followed by California is characterized by five principles :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1594607171578683981","input":"why we need rain water harvesting in india","passages":[{"title":"Rainwater harvesting","text":"Karnataka : In Bangalore , adoption of rainwater harvesting is mandatory for every owner or the occupier of a building having the site area measuring 60 ft ( 18.3 m ) X 40 ft ( 12.2 m ) and above and for newly constructed building measuring 30 ft ( 9.1 m ) X 40 ft ( 12.2 m ) and above dimensions . In this regard , Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board has initiated and constructed `` Rain Water Harvesting Theme Park '' in the name of Sir M. Visvesvaraya in 1.2 acres ( 4,900 m ) of land situated at Jayanagar , Bangalore . In this park , 26 different type of rainwater harvesting models are demonstrated along with the water conservation tips . The auditorium on the first floor is set up with a `` green '' air conditioning system and will be used to arrange the meeting and showing of a video clip about the rainwater harvesting to students and general public .","sentences":["Karnataka : In Bangalore , adoption of rainwater harvesting is mandatory for every owner or the occupier of a building having the site area measuring 60 ft ( 18.3 m )","X 40 ft ( 12.2 m ) and above and for newly constructed building measuring 30 ft ( 9.1 m )","X 40 ft ( 12.2 m ) and above dimensions .","In this regard , Bangalore Water Supply and Sewerage Board has initiated and constructed `` Rain Water Harvesting Theme Park '' in the name of Sir M. Visvesvaraya in 1.2 acres ( 4,900 m ) of land situated at Jayanagar , Bangalore .","In this park , 26 different type of rainwater harvesting models are demonstrated along with the water conservation tips .","The auditorium on the first floor is set up with a `` green '' air conditioning system and will be used to arrange the meeting and showing of a video clip about the rainwater harvesting to students and general public ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3828384507726537111","input":"when was the last time northwestern beat a top 5 team at home","passages":[{"title":"Northwestern Wildcats football","text":"Starting in the 1920s , Northwestern and Notre Dame played for a Shillelagh until the mid-1970s . The trophy game was created at the behest of Knute Rockne , who wanted a rivalry in the Chicago area to help build Notre Dame 's fan base in the area . NU and ND stopped playing regularly after the 1970s , though the rivalry was renewed from 1992 -- 95 . When NU stunned Notre Dame as a 28 - point underdog in 1995 , the Chicago Sun - Times billed it as the `` Upset of the Century . '' . Notre Dame leads the series 37 -- 9 -- 2 . The two schools renewed their rivalry in 2014 in the first of a two - game series with Northwestern traveling to South Bend and upsetting Notre Dame 43 -- 40 in overtime . In 2018 , Notre Dame will travel to Evanston .","sentences":["Starting in the 1920s , Northwestern and Notre Dame played for a Shillelagh until the mid-1970s .","The trophy game was created at the behest of Knute Rockne , who wanted a rivalry in the Chicago area to help build Notre Dame 's fan base in the area .","NU and ND stopped playing regularly after the 1970s , though the rivalry was renewed from 1992 -- 95 .","When NU stunned Notre Dame as a 28 - point underdog in 1995 , the Chicago Sun - Times billed it as the `` Upset of the Century . '' .","Notre Dame leads the series 37 -- 9 -- 2 .","The two schools renewed their rivalry in 2014 in the first of a two - game series with Northwestern traveling to South Bend and upsetting Notre Dame 43 -- 40 in overtime .","In 2018 , Notre Dame will travel to Evanston ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3478178023846449180","input":"what was the result of the korean conflict","passages":[{"title":"Aftermath of the Korean War","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article may be confusing or unclear to readers . Please help us clarify the article . There might be a discussion about this on the talk page . ( August 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( June 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article may be confusing or unclear to readers .","Please help us clarify the article .","There might be a discussion about this on the talk page .","( August 2009 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( June 2012 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5066676652853657435","input":"sound waves with frequencies above the normal human range of hearing","passages":[{"title":"Hearing range","text":"As dogs hear higher frequency sounds than humans , they have a different acoustic perception of the world . Sounds that seem loud to humans often emit high frequency tones that can scare away dogs . Whistles which emit ultrasonic sound , called dog whistles , are used in dog training , as a dog will respond much better to such levels . In the wild , dogs use their hearing capabilities to hunt and locate food . Domestic breeds are often used to guard property due to their increased hearing ability . So - called `` Nelson '' dog whistles generate sounds at frequencies higher than those audible to humans but well within the range of a dog 's hearing .","sentences":["As dogs hear higher frequency sounds than humans , they have a different acoustic perception of the world .","Sounds that seem loud to humans often emit high frequency tones that can scare away dogs .","Whistles which emit ultrasonic sound , called dog whistles , are used in dog training , as a dog will respond much better to such levels .","In the wild , dogs use their hearing capabilities to hunt and locate food .","Domestic breeds are often used to guard property due to their increased hearing ability .","So - called `` Nelson '' dog whistles generate sounds at frequencies higher than those audible to humans but well within the range of a dog 's hearing ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8413751335840941243","input":"why is pollution a problem in the us","passages":[{"title":"Air pollution in the United States","text":"A study conducted in 2000 used geographic census data and outdoor nitrogen dioxide ( NO2 ) concentration data to examine the disparities of NO2 air pollution across the United States . The study found that there is disproportional disparities in terms of both race and socioeconomic groups . The people of color were exposed to 4.6 ppb more than average NO2 concentrations than white people . Those who live in below poverty level are exposed to 1.2 ppb more . Lower - income Caucasians are exposed to 3.4 ppb higher NO2 concentrations than the higher - income Caucasians . The study also reports disproportional disparities of NO2 concentration exposure by education level ; those who without high school education are more likely to be exposed to higher concentrations . Association between NO2 exposure and cancer development has been found in many studies .","sentences":["A study conducted in 2000 used geographic census data and outdoor nitrogen dioxide ( NO2 ) concentration data to examine the disparities of NO2 air pollution across the United States .","The study found that there is disproportional disparities in terms of both race and socioeconomic groups .","The people of color were exposed to 4.6 ppb more than average NO2 concentrations than white people .","Those who live in below poverty level are exposed to 1.2 ppb more .","Lower - income Caucasians are exposed to 3.4 ppb higher NO2 concentrations than the higher - income Caucasians .","The study also reports disproportional disparities of NO2 concentration exposure by education level ; those who without high school education are more likely to be exposed to higher concentrations .","Association between NO2 exposure and cancer development has been found in many studies ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2971222420908236454","input":"who opposed the civil rights act of 1964","passages":[{"title":"Civil Rights Act of 1964","text":"Civil Rights Act of 1964 Long title An act to enforce the constitutional right to vote , to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States of America to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations , to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education , to extend the Commission on Civil Rights , to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs , to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity , and for other purposes . Enacted by the 88th United States Congress Effective July 2 , 1964 Citations Public law 88 - 352 Statutes at Large 78 Stat. 241 Codification Acts amended Civil Rights Act of 1957 Civil Rights Act of 1960 Titles amended 42 Legislative history Introduced in the House as H.R. 7152 by Emanuel Celler ( D -- NY ) on June 20 , 1963 Committee consideration by Judiciary Passed the House on February 10 , 1964 ( 290 -- 130 ) Passed the Senate on June 19 , 1964 ( 73 -- 27 ) with amendment House agreed to Senate amendment on July 2 , 1964 ( 289 -- 126 ) Signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on July 2 , 1964 Major amendments Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 Civil Rights Act of 1991 No Child Left Behind Act Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 United States Supreme Court cases Heart of Atlanta Motel , Inc. v. United States ( 1964 ) Katzenbach v. McClung ( 1964 ) Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education ( 1969 ) Griggs v. Duke Power Co. ( 1971 ) Ricci v. DeStefano ( 2009 )","sentences":["Civil Rights Act of 1964 Long title An act to enforce the constitutional right to vote , to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States of America to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations , to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education , to extend the Commission on Civil Rights , to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs , to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity , and for other purposes .","Enacted by the 88th United States Congress Effective July 2 , 1964 Citations Public law 88 - 352 Statutes at Large 78 Stat.","241 Codification Acts amended Civil Rights Act of 1957 Civil Rights Act of 1960 Titles amended 42 Legislative history Introduced in the House as H.R. 7152 by Emanuel Celler ( D -- NY ) on June 20 , 1963 Committee consideration by Judiciary Passed the House on February 10 , 1964 ( 290 -- 130 ) Passed the Senate on June 19 , 1964 ( 73 -- 27 ) with amendment House agreed to Senate amendment on July 2 , 1964 ( 289 -- 126 ) Signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on July 2 , 1964 Major amendments Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 Civil Rights Act of 1991","No Child Left Behind Act Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 United States Supreme Court cases Heart of Atlanta Motel , Inc. v. United States ( 1964 )","Katzenbach v. McClung ( 1964 )","Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education ( 1969 )","Griggs v. Duke Power Co. ( 1971 )","Ricci v. DeStefano ( 2009 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7259392393291144033","input":"what kind of awards did john steinbeck win","passages":[{"title":"John Steinbeck","text":"Steinbeck achieved his first critical success with Tortilla Flat ( 1935 ) , a novel set in post-war Monterey , California , that won the California Commonwealth Club 's Gold Medal . It portrays the adventures of a group of classless and usually homeless young men in Monterey after World War I , just before U.S. prohibition . They are portrayed in ironic comparison to mythic knights on a quest and reject nearly all the standard mores of American society in enjoyment of a dissolute life devoted to wine , lust , camaraderie and petty theft . In presenting the 1962 Nobel Prize to Steinbeck , the Swedish Academy cited `` spicy and comic tales about a gang of paisanos , asocial individuals who , in their wild revels , are almost caricatures of King Arthur 's Knights of the Round Table . It has been said that in the United States this book came as a welcome antidote to the gloom of the then prevailing depression . '' Tortilla Flat was adapted as a 1942 film of the same name , starring Spencer Tracy , Hedy Lamarr and John Garfield , a friend of Steinbeck . With some of the proceeds , he built a summer ranch - home in Los Gatos .","sentences":["Steinbeck achieved his first critical success with Tortilla Flat ( 1935 ) , a novel set in post-war Monterey , California , that won the California Commonwealth Club 's Gold Medal .","It portrays the adventures of a group of classless and usually homeless young men in Monterey after World War I , just before U.S. prohibition .","They are portrayed in ironic comparison to mythic knights on a quest and reject nearly all the standard mores of American society in enjoyment of a dissolute life devoted to wine , lust , camaraderie and petty theft .","In presenting the 1962 Nobel Prize to Steinbeck , the Swedish Academy cited `` spicy and comic tales about a gang of paisanos , asocial individuals who , in their wild revels , are almost caricatures of King Arthur 's Knights of the Round Table .","It has been said that in the United States this book came as a welcome antidote to the gloom of the then prevailing depression . ''","Tortilla Flat was adapted as a 1942 film of the same name , starring Spencer Tracy , Hedy Lamarr and John Garfield , a friend of Steinbeck .","With some of the proceeds , he built a summer ranch - home in Los Gatos ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8306817589895995075","input":"how do you kill an original vampire diaries","passages":[{"title":"Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries)","text":"Being the oldest and most powerful vampires , the Original Vampires are stronger and faster than all normal vampires , though it is implied they do not get stronger with age due to being created at the zenith of vampiric physical prowess . ( Alaric was just as strong , if not stronger , than the other Original Vampires despite being a day old . So too was Lucien , strong enough to kill Finn ) . It is possible that the spell used to make the Original Vampires , gives them the peak powers of vampirism . Also , werewolves prove little to no challenge for them , though they can be challenging in their wolf form ( where they are at their strongest ) as a pack of four can defeat an Original Vampire ( Rebekah ) and two human form werewolves with moonrings ( which allows them to use the full power of their condition ) overpowered Elijah . Also , Original Vampires are somewhat immune to werewolf venom , which is fatal to normal vampires but it still affects Original Vampires , though they only experience weakness and hallucinations . Original Vampires have the power to `` compel '' or hypnotize ordinary vampires in addition to humans , though they can not compel each other .","sentences":["Being the oldest and most powerful vampires , the Original Vampires are stronger and faster than all normal vampires , though it is implied they do not get stronger with age due to being created at the zenith of vampiric physical prowess .","( Alaric was just as strong , if not stronger , than the other Original Vampires despite being a day old .","So too was Lucien , strong enough to kill Finn ) .","It is possible that the spell used to make the Original Vampires , gives them the peak powers of vampirism .","Also , werewolves prove little to no challenge for them , though they can be challenging in their wolf form ( where they are at their strongest ) as a pack of four can defeat an Original Vampire ( Rebekah ) and two human form werewolves with moonrings ( which allows them to use the full power of their condition ) overpowered Elijah .","Also , Original Vampires are somewhat immune to werewolf venom , which is fatal to normal vampires but it still affects Original Vampires , though they only experience weakness and hallucinations .","Original Vampires have the power to `` compel '' or hypnotize ordinary vampires in addition to humans , though they can not compel each other ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-873863183859704170","input":"who was affected by the declaration of independence","passages":[{"title":"United States Declaration of Independence","text":"Signatures The first and most famous signature on the engrossed copy was that of John Hancock , President of the Continental Congress . Two future presidents ( Thomas Jefferson and John Adams ) and a father and great - grandfather of two other presidents ( Benjamin Harrison ) were among the signatories . Edward Rutledge ( age 26 ) was the youngest signer , and Benjamin Franklin ( age 70 ) was the oldest signer . The fifty - six signers of the Declaration represented the new states as follows ( from north to south ) : New Hampshire : Josiah Bartlett , William Whipple , Matthew Thornton Massachusetts : Samuel Adams , John Adams , John Hancock , Robert Treat Paine , Elbridge Gerry Rhode Island : Stephen Hopkins , William Ellery Connecticut : Roger Sherman , Samuel Huntington , William Williams , Oliver Wolcott New York : William Floyd , Philip Livingston , Francis Lewis , Lewis Morris New Jersey : Richard Stockton , John Witherspoon , Francis Hopkinson , John Hart , Abraham Clark Pennsylvania : Robert Morris , Benjamin Rush , Benjamin Franklin , John Morton , George Clymer , James Smith , George Taylor , James Wilson , George Ross Delaware : George Read , Caesar Rodney , Thomas McKean Maryland : Samuel Chase , William Paca , Thomas Stone , Charles Carroll of Carrollton Virginia : George Wythe , Richard Henry Lee , Thomas Jefferson , Benjamin Harrison , Thomas Nelson Jr. , Francis Lightfoot Lee , Carter Braxton North Carolina : William Hooper , Joseph Hewes , John Penn South Carolina : Edward Rutledge , Thomas Heyward Jr. , Thomas Lynch Jr. , Arthur Middleton Georgia : Button Gwinnett , Lyman Hall , George Walton","sentences":["Signatures The first and most famous signature on the engrossed copy was that of John Hancock , President of the Continental Congress .","Two future presidents ( Thomas Jefferson and John Adams ) and a father and great - grandfather of two other presidents ( Benjamin Harrison ) were among the signatories .","Edward Rutledge ( age 26 ) was the youngest signer , and Benjamin Franklin ( age 70 ) was the oldest signer .","The fifty - six signers of the Declaration represented the new states as follows ( from north to south ) :","New Hampshire : Josiah Bartlett , William Whipple , Matthew Thornton Massachusetts : Samuel Adams , John Adams , John Hancock , Robert Treat Paine , Elbridge Gerry Rhode Island : Stephen Hopkins , William Ellery Connecticut : Roger Sherman , Samuel Huntington , William Williams , Oliver Wolcott New York : William Floyd , Philip Livingston , Francis Lewis , Lewis Morris New Jersey : Richard Stockton , John Witherspoon , Francis Hopkinson , John Hart , Abraham Clark Pennsylvania : Robert Morris , Benjamin Rush , Benjamin Franklin , John Morton , George Clymer , James Smith , George Taylor , James Wilson , George Ross Delaware :","George Read , Caesar Rodney , Thomas McKean Maryland : Samuel Chase , William Paca , Thomas Stone , Charles Carroll of Carrollton Virginia :","George Wythe , Richard Henry Lee , Thomas Jefferson , Benjamin Harrison , Thomas Nelson Jr. , Francis Lightfoot Lee , Carter Braxton North Carolina : William Hooper , Joseph Hewes , John Penn South Carolina : Edward Rutledge , Thomas Heyward Jr. , Thomas Lynch Jr. , Arthur Middleton Georgia : Button Gwinnett , Lyman Hall , George Walton"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5233732002467670173","input":"what do you mean by anemia in hindi","passages":[{"title":"Anemia","text":"Anemia Reticulocyte production index shows inadequate production response to anemia . Reticulocyte production index shows appropriate response to anemia = ongoing hemolysis or blood loss without RBC production problem . No clinical findings consistent with hemolysis or blood loss : pure disorder of production . Clinical findings and abnormal MCV : hemolysis or loss and chronic disorder of production * . Clinical findings and normal MCV = acute hemolysis or loss without adequate time for bone marrow production to compensate * * . Macrocytic anemia ( MCV > 100 ) Normocytic anemia ( 80 < MCV < 100 ) Microcytic anemia ( MCV < 80 )","sentences":["Anemia Reticulocyte production index shows inadequate production response to anemia .","Reticulocyte production index shows appropriate response to anemia = ongoing hemolysis or blood loss without RBC production problem .","No clinical findings consistent with hemolysis or blood loss : pure disorder of production .","Clinical findings and abnormal MCV : hemolysis or loss and chronic disorder of production * .","Clinical findings and normal MCV = acute hemolysis or loss without adequate time for bone marrow production to compensate *","* .","Macrocytic anemia ( MCV > 100 )","Normocytic anemia ( 80 < MCV < 100 )","Microcytic anemia ( MCV < 80 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7335384876885211170","input":"what are the three parts of this url","passages":[{"title":"URL","text":"An optional userinfo subcomponent that may consist of a user name and an optional password preceded by a colon ( : ) , followed by an at symbol ( @ ) . Use of the format username : password in the userinfo subcomponent is deprecated for security reasons . Applications should not render as clear text any data after the first colon ( : ) found within a userinfo subcomponent unless the data after the colon is the empty string ( indicating no password ) . A non-empty host subcomponent , consisting of either a registered name ( including but not limited to a hostname ) , or an IP address . IPv4 addresses must be in dot - decimal notation , and IPv6 addresses must be enclosed in brackets ( ( ) ) . An optional port subcomponent preceded by a colon ( : ) .","sentences":["An optional userinfo subcomponent that may consist of a user name and an optional password preceded by a colon ( : ) , followed by an at symbol ( @ ) .","Use of the format username : password in the userinfo subcomponent is deprecated for security reasons .","Applications should not render as clear text any data after the first colon ( : ) found within a userinfo subcomponent unless the data after the colon is the empty string ( indicating no password ) .","A non-empty host subcomponent , consisting of either a registered name ( including but not limited to a hostname ) , or an IP address .","IPv4","addresses must be in dot - decimal notation , and IPv6 addresses must be enclosed in brackets ( ( ) ) .","An optional port subcomponent preceded by a colon ( : ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3525399650624936131","input":"who is the band in there's something about mary","passages":[{"title":"Jonathan Richman","text":"Alternate versions of `` Roadrunner '' and `` Government Center '' , along with `` The New Teller '' , and `` It Will Stand '' , first appeared on the Beserkley Chartbusters Vol. 1 compilation ( 1975 ) `` I 'm Straight '' and `` Government Center '' , from the Modern Lovers ' Kim Fowley - produced Beserkley sessions , first appeared on the Warner Bros. Records compilation Troublemakers ( 1980 ) `` I Like Gumby '' ; On the Gumby compilation album -- Jonathan Richman 1993 , contributed `` Hot Nights '' ( live ) to the AIDS - Benefit Album No Alternative produced by the Red Hot Organization . Performs `` Stop Your Sobbing '' on the 2002 Kinks tribute album This Is Where I Belong . Action Packed : The Best Of Jonathan Richman ( 2002 ) `` The Origin of Love '' on Wig in a Box ( 2003 ) `` Our Dog Is Getting Older Now '' on the charity album Colours Are Brighter ( October 2006 ) Think About Mustapha ( 2 songs ) ( 1994 ) No Me Quejo De Mi Estrella ( 2014 )","sentences":["Alternate versions of `` Roadrunner '' and `` Government Center '' , along with `` The New Teller '' , and `` It Will Stand '' , first appeared on the Beserkley Chartbusters Vol. 1 compilation ( 1975 ) `` I 'm Straight '' and `` Government Center '' , from the Modern Lovers ' Kim Fowley - produced Beserkley sessions , first appeared on the Warner Bros. Records compilation Troublemakers ( 1980 )","`` I Like Gumby '' ; On the Gumby compilation album -- Jonathan Richman 1993 , contributed `` Hot Nights '' ( live ) to the AIDS - Benefit Album No Alternative produced by the Red Hot Organization .","Performs `` Stop Your Sobbing '' on the 2002 Kinks tribute album This Is Where I Belong .","Action Packed : The Best Of Jonathan Richman ( 2002 ) `` The Origin of Love '' on Wig in a Box ( 2003 ) `` Our Dog Is Getting Older Now '' on the charity album Colours Are Brighter ( October 2006 )","Think About Mustapha ( 2 songs ) ( 1994 )","No Me Quejo De Mi Estrella ( 2014 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5986201978238733830","input":"cast of season 4 orange is the new black","passages":[{"title":"Orange Is the New Black (season 4)","text":"The CO 's power trip gets worse than ever when one guard forces Maritza to eat a baby mouse . Meanwhile , Blanca rebels against them by applying foul - smelling substances in order to stop them from frisking her . Boo turns her back on Pennsatucky when she decides to forgive Charlie for raping her . Morello becomes paranoid her sister is having an affair with her husband . Red breaks down , forcing Nicky to decide to get clean again . News of Judy and Cindy 's fake relationship spreads after Luschek sells the picture to the tabloids . Piscatella orders Luschek and the other guards to search the prison and although they find a box full of contraband phones , Luschek is able to keep secret the one used for Judy . Flashback : Blanca works as a housekeeper and nurse for a demanding elderly woman . When Blanca is seen flirting with the gardener , the old woman has him fired . Blanca gets her revenge by having sex with him in the old woman 's bedroom while she is there .","sentences":["The CO 's power trip gets worse than ever when one guard forces Maritza to eat a baby mouse .","Meanwhile , Blanca rebels against them by applying foul - smelling substances in order to stop them from frisking her .","Boo turns her back on Pennsatucky when she decides to forgive Charlie for raping her .","Morello becomes paranoid her sister is having an affair with her husband .","Red breaks down , forcing Nicky to decide to get clean again .","News of Judy and Cindy 's fake relationship spreads after Luschek sells the picture to the tabloids .","Piscatella orders Luschek and the other guards to search the prison and although they find a box full of contraband phones , Luschek is able to keep secret the one used for Judy .","Flashback :","Blanca works as a housekeeper and nurse for a demanding elderly woman .","When Blanca is seen flirting with the gardener , the old woman has him fired .","Blanca gets her revenge by having sex with him in the old woman 's bedroom while she is there ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2624672954634114310","input":"when does episode 13 of the 100 air","passages":[{"title":"List of The 100 episodes","text":"No . Title Air date Rating \/ share ( 18 -- 49 ) Viewers ( millions ) DVR ( 18 -- 49 ) DVR viewers ( millions ) Total ( 18 -- 49 ) Total viewers ( millions ) `` Eden '' April 24 , 2018 0.4 \/ 2 1.43 0.4 0.91 0.8 2.34 `` Red Queen '' May 1 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 1.02 0.4 0.93 0.7 1.95 `` Sleeping Giants '' May 8 , 2018 0.4 \/ 2 1.08 0.3 0.89 0.7 1.97 `` Pandora 's Box '' May 15 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 1.07 0.4 0.77 0.7 1.84 5 `` Shifting Sands '' May 22 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.94 0.3 0.88 0.6 1.82 6 `` Exit Wounds '' June 5 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.92 0.4 0.94 0.7 1.87 7 `` Acceptable Losses '' June 19 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.83 0.3 0.87 0.6 1.70 8 `` How We Get to Peace '' June 26 , 2018 0.2 \/ 1 0.73 0.4 0.86 0.6 1.59 9 `` Sic Semper Tyrannis '' July 10 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.89 0.3 0.80 0.6 1.69 10 `` The Warriors Will '' July 17 , 2018 0.2 \/ 1 0.86 0.4 0.76 0.6 1.62 11 `` The Dark Year '' July 24 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.85 0.3 0.70 0.6 1.56 12 `` Damocles -- Part One '' July 31 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.88 0.2 0.62 0.5 1.50 13 `` Damocles -- Part Two '' August 7 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.99 0.3 0.74 0.6 1.73","sentences":["No .","Title Air date Rating \/ share ( 18 -- 49 )","Viewers ( millions ) DVR ( 18 -- 49 ) DVR viewers ( millions ) Total ( 18 -- 49 )","Total viewers ( millions ) `` Eden '' April 24 , 2018 0.4 \/ 2 1.43 0.4 0.91 0.8 2.34 `` Red Queen ''","May 1 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 1.02 0.4 0.93 0.7 1.95 `` Sleeping Giants '' May 8 , 2018 0.4 \/ 2 1.08 0.3 0.89 0.7 1.97","`` Pandora 's Box ''","May 15 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 1.07 0.4 0.77 0.7 1.84 5 `` Shifting Sands ''","May 22 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.94 0.3 0.88 0.6 1.82 6 `` Exit Wounds ''","June 5 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.92 0.4 0.94 0.7 1.87 7 `` Acceptable Losses '' June 19 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.83 0.3 0.87 0.6 1.70 8 `` How We Get to Peace '' June 26 , 2018 0.2 \/ 1 0.73 0.4 0.86 0.6 1.59 9 `` Sic Semper Tyrannis ''","July 10 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.89 0.3 0.80 0.6 1.69 10 `` The Warriors Will ''","July 17 , 2018 0.2 \/ 1 0.86 0.4 0.76 0.6 1.62 11 `` The Dark Year ''","July 24 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.85 0.3 0.70 0.6 1.56 12 `` Damocles -- Part One '' July 31 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.88 0.2 0.62 0.5 1.50 13 `` Damocles -- Part Two '' August 7 , 2018 0.3 \/ 1 0.99 0.3 0.74 0.6 1.73"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8979181613795416230","input":"where did the hebrews cross the red sea","passages":[{"title":"Crossing the Red Sea","text":"God causes the pharaoh to pursue the Israelites with chariots , and he overtakes them at Pi - hahiroth . When the Israelites see the Egyptian army they are afraid , but the pillar of fire and the cloud separates the Israelites and the Egyptians . At God 's command Moses holds his staff out over the water , and throughout the night a strong east wind divides the sea , and the Israelites pass through with a wall of water on either side . The Egyptians pursue , but at daybreak God clogs their chariot - wheels and throws them into a panic , and with the return of the water the pharaoh and his entire army are destroyed ( see Psalm 136 : 15 ) . When the Israelites see the power of God they put their faith in God and in Moses , and sing a song of praise to the Lord for the crossing of the sea and the destruction of their enemies . ( This song , at Exodus 15 , is called the Song of the Sea ) .","sentences":["God causes the pharaoh to pursue the Israelites with chariots , and he overtakes them at Pi - hahiroth .","When the Israelites see the Egyptian army they are afraid , but the pillar of fire and the cloud separates the Israelites and the Egyptians .","At God 's command Moses holds his staff out over the water , and throughout the night a strong east wind divides the sea , and the Israelites pass through with a wall of water on either side .","The Egyptians pursue , but at daybreak God clogs their chariot - wheels and throws them into a panic , and with the return of the water the pharaoh and his entire army are destroyed ( see Psalm 136 : 15 ) .","When the Israelites see the power of God they put their faith in God and in Moses , and sing a song of praise to the Lord for the crossing of the sea and the destruction of their enemies .","( This song , at Exodus 15 , is called the Song of the Sea ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5957840109906309806","input":"when did i sign up for apple music","passages":[{"title":"Apple Music","text":"In iOS 10 , the Apple Music app has several tabs . `` Library '' shows the user 's music collection , with options to view songs by `` Playlists '' , `` Artists '' , `` Albums '' , `` Songs '' , or `` Downloaded Music '' . The tab also shows music recently added to the library . The `` For You '' section recommends music for the user . Human expert selections supplement the algorithmic curation . `` Browse '' shows new album releases from popular artists , as well as different categories , including `` New Music '' , `` Curated Playlists '' , `` Videos '' , `` Top Charts '' , and `` Genres '' . The `` Radio '' tab incorporates some aspects of iTunes Radio , such as ad - supported stations that play genre - specific or artist - related music , depending on the user 's preferences . The `` Search '' tab features a search box , as well as a list of recent user searches and overall trending searches happening on the service .","sentences":["In iOS 10 , the Apple Music app has several tabs .","`` Library '' shows the user 's music collection , with options to view songs by `` Playlists '' , `` Artists '' , `` Albums '' , `` Songs '' , or `` Downloaded Music '' .","The tab also shows music recently added to the library .","The `` For You '' section recommends music for the user .","Human expert selections supplement the algorithmic curation .","`` Browse '' shows new album releases from popular artists , as well as different categories , including `` New Music '' , `` Curated Playlists '' , `` Videos '' , `` Top Charts '' , and `` Genres '' .","The `` Radio '' tab incorporates some aspects of iTunes Radio , such as ad - supported stations that play genre - specific or artist - related music , depending on the user 's preferences .","The `` Search '' tab features a search box , as well as a list of recent user searches and overall trending searches happening on the service ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3487482300339899305","input":"wonders of the solar system thin blue line worksheet","passages":[{"title":"Wonders of the Solar System","text":"The first episode illustrates how the formation and behaviour of the Sun affects each planet in the Solar System . During this episode , Cox visits India to view and explain the workings of a total solar eclipse and the partial eclipses that occur on other planets . He travels to the Iguazu Falls to relate the causality between river levels , and sunspot fluctuations . An explanation of the Earth 's exposure to the power of the Sun occurs in Death Valley , California , USA , with an experiment inspired by John Herschel 's actinometer . He also travels to Norway to observe and explain the defensive role of the Earth 's magnetosphere against the sun 's solar wind and its role in forming the Aurora Borealis . He also relates the Voyager missions and their continuing exploration of the massive reach of the sun 's gravitational forces on objects in the farthest regions of the solar system . Finally , in the clear skies of the Atacama Desert , at the Paranal Observatory he is able to observe , with the naked eye , the myriad of stars on the Milky Way and relates the meaning of their diverse colours as mapped on the Hertzsprung -- Russell diagram .","sentences":["The first episode illustrates how the formation and behaviour of the Sun affects each planet in the Solar System .","During this episode , Cox visits India to view and explain the workings of a total solar eclipse and the partial eclipses that occur on other planets .","He travels to the Iguazu Falls to relate the causality between river levels , and sunspot fluctuations .","An explanation of the Earth 's exposure to the power of the Sun occurs in Death Valley , California , USA , with an experiment inspired by John Herschel 's actinometer .","He also travels to Norway to observe and explain the defensive role of the Earth 's magnetosphere against the sun 's solar wind and its role in forming the Aurora Borealis .","He also relates the Voyager missions and their continuing exploration of the massive reach of the sun 's gravitational forces on objects in the farthest regions of the solar system .","Finally , in the clear skies of the Atacama Desert , at the Paranal Observatory he is able to observe , with the naked eye , the myriad of stars on the Milky Way and relates the meaning of their diverse colours as mapped on the Hertzsprung -- Russell diagram ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4750880214627737391","input":"what was the us economy like in the 1980s","passages":[{"title":"Early 1980s recession","text":"One consequence of the FHLBB 's lack of enforcement abilities was the promotion of deregulation and of aggressive , expanded lending to forestall insolvency . In November 1980 , the FHLBB lowered net worth requirements for federally insured S&Ls from 5 % of deposits to 4 % . The FHLBB lowered net worth requirements again to 3 % in January 1982 . Additionally , the agency required S&Ls to meet those requirements only over 20 years . The rule meant that S&Ls less than 20 years old had practically no capital reserve requirements . That encouraged extensive chartering of new S&Ls since a $2 million investment could be leveraged into $1.3 billion in lending .","sentences":["One consequence of the FHLBB 's lack of enforcement abilities was the promotion of deregulation and of aggressive , expanded lending to forestall insolvency .","In November 1980 , the FHLBB lowered net worth requirements for federally insured S&Ls from 5 % of deposits to 4 % .","The FHLBB lowered net worth requirements again to 3 % in January 1982 .","Additionally , the agency required S&Ls to meet those requirements only over 20 years .","The rule meant that S&Ls less than 20 years old had practically no capital reserve requirements .","That encouraged extensive chartering of new S&Ls since a $2 million investment could be leveraged into $1.3 billion in lending ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6821339951140351786","input":"how old was alice when she enters wonderland","passages":[{"title":"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland","text":"A relatively early example of a live performance is Alice in Wonderland , a musical play by H. Saville Clark ( book ) and Walter Slaughter ( music ) , which played in 1886 at the Prince of Wales Theatre in London . The first production on Broadway premiered in 1915 , adapted by Alice Gerstenberg and starring Vivian Tobin . Actress Eva Le Gallienne famously adapted both Alice books for the stage in 1932 ; this production was revived in New York in 1947 and 1982 . One of the best - known American productions was Joseph Papp 's 1980 staging of Alice in Concert at the Public Theater in New York City . Meryl Streep played Alice , the White Queen , and Humpty Dumpty . The cast also included Debbie Allen , Michael Jeter , and Mark Linn - Baker . Performed on a bare stage with the actors in modern dress , the play is a loose adaptation , with song styles ranging the globe . Elizabeth Swados wrote the book , lyrics , and music . Based on both Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking - Glass , Papp and Swados had previously produced a version of it at the New York Shakespeare Festival . In 2001 , Adrian Mitchell wrote a 2 act adaptation of both Alice novels for the RSC ( Royal Shakespeare Company ) , Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking - Glass . It was a critical failure at the time , but has gained many amateur productions since , most notably with the 2010 Chichester festival theatre revival . The operatic production Alice ( 1992 ) uses both Alice books as its inspiration and employs scenes with Charles Dodgson , a young Alice Liddell , and an adult Alice Liddell , to frame the story . Paul Schmidt wrote the play , with Tom Waits and Kathleen Brennan writing the music . Although the original production in Hamburg , Germany , received only a small audience , Tom Waits released the songs as the album Alice ( 2002 ) . Michael Sirotta and Heather M. Dominick wrote a musical adaption of the novel , titled Alice in Wonderland , a Musical Adventure ( 1997 ) , suitable for young actors as well as for adult performers .","sentences":["A relatively early example of a live performance is Alice in Wonderland , a musical play by H. Saville Clark ( book ) and Walter Slaughter ( music ) , which played in 1886 at the Prince of Wales Theatre in London .","The first production on Broadway premiered in 1915 , adapted by Alice Gerstenberg and starring Vivian Tobin .","Actress Eva Le Gallienne famously adapted both Alice books for the stage in 1932 ; this production was revived in New York in 1947 and 1982 .","One of the best - known American productions was Joseph Papp 's 1980 staging of Alice in Concert at the Public Theater in New York City .","Meryl Streep played Alice , the White Queen , and Humpty Dumpty .","The cast also included Debbie Allen , Michael Jeter , and Mark Linn - Baker .","Performed on a bare stage with the actors in modern dress , the play is a loose adaptation , with song styles ranging the globe .","Elizabeth Swados wrote the book , lyrics , and music .","Based on both Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking - Glass , Papp and Swados had previously produced a version of it at the New York Shakespeare Festival .","In 2001 , Adrian Mitchell wrote a 2 act adaptation of both Alice novels for the RSC ( Royal Shakespeare Company ) , Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking - Glass .","It was a critical failure at the time , but has gained many amateur productions since , most notably with the 2010 Chichester festival theatre revival .","The operatic production Alice ( 1992 ) uses both Alice books as its inspiration and employs scenes with Charles Dodgson , a young Alice Liddell , and an adult Alice Liddell , to frame the story .","Paul Schmidt wrote the play , with Tom Waits and Kathleen Brennan writing the music .","Although the original production in Hamburg , Germany , received only a small audience , Tom Waits released the songs as the album Alice ( 2002 ) .","Michael Sirotta and Heather M. Dominick wrote a musical adaption of the novel , titled Alice in Wonderland , a Musical Adventure ( 1997 ) , suitable for young actors as well as for adult performers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4172900765671018114","input":"who focused on government and education in ancient greece","passages":[{"title":"Ancient Greece","text":"The peace did not last , however . In 418 an alliance between Athens and Argos was defeated by Sparta at Mantinea . In 415 Athens launched a naval expedition against Sicily ; the expedition ended in disaster with almost the entire army killed . Soon after the Athenian defeat in Syracuse , Athens ' Ionian allies began to rebel against the Delian league , while at the same time Persia began to once again involve itself in Greek affairs on the Spartan side . Initially the Athenian position continued to be relatively strong , winning important battles such as those at Cyzicus in 410 and Arginusae in 406 . However , in 405 the Spartans defeated Athens in the Battle of Aegospotami , and began to blockade Athens ' harbour ; with no grain supply and in danger of starvation , Athens sued for peace , agreeing to surrender their fleet and join the Spartan - led Peloponnesian League .","sentences":["The peace did not last , however .","In 418 an alliance between Athens and Argos was defeated by Sparta at Mantinea .","In 415 Athens launched a naval expedition against Sicily ; the expedition ended in disaster with almost the entire army killed .","Soon after the Athenian defeat in Syracuse , Athens ' Ionian allies began to rebel against the Delian league , while at the same time Persia began to once again involve itself in Greek affairs on the Spartan side .","Initially the Athenian position continued to be relatively strong , winning important battles such as those at Cyzicus in 410 and Arginusae in 406 .","However , in 405 the Spartans defeated Athens in the Battle of Aegospotami , and began to blockade Athens ' harbour ; with no grain supply and in danger of starvation , Athens sued for peace , agreeing to surrender their fleet and join the Spartan - led Peloponnesian League ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-147518560018292021","input":"where is the kudzu found in the us","passages":[{"title":"Kudzu in the United States","text":"In the United States , kudzu has been used as livestock feed , in fertilizer , and in erosion control , and the vines have been used for folk art . In Korea , kudzu root is harvested for its starch , which is used in various foods including naengmyon , as well as a health food and herbal medicine . In China , kudzu root is used in herbal remedies , teas , and the treatment of alcohol - related problems . The efficacy of the treatment of alcohol - related problems is currently under question , but experiments show promising results . In Japan , the kudzu root starch ( or kuzu root starch ) extracted from kudzu roots is used in cooking and natural medicines , and it is used to make hay that sick animals will eat . The starch is used in Japanese cuisine , and is widely consumed as such in that country . Kudzu is also used as a food crop in Java , Sumatra , and Malaya , and can be found in Puerto Rico and South America .","sentences":["In the United States , kudzu has been used as livestock feed , in fertilizer , and in erosion control , and the vines have been used for folk art .","In Korea , kudzu root is harvested for its starch , which is used in various foods including naengmyon , as well as a health food and herbal medicine .","In China , kudzu root is used in herbal remedies , teas , and the treatment of alcohol - related problems .","The efficacy of the treatment of alcohol - related problems is currently under question , but experiments show promising results .","In Japan , the kudzu root starch ( or kuzu root starch ) extracted from kudzu roots is used in cooking and natural medicines , and it is used to make hay that sick animals will eat .","The starch is used in Japanese cuisine , and is widely consumed as such in that country .","Kudzu is also used as a food crop in Java , Sumatra , and Malaya , and can be found in Puerto Rico and South America ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2885949079538212909","input":"what role did human sacrifice play in aztec civilization","passages":[{"title":"Human sacrifice in Aztec culture","text":"Tezcatlipoca was generally considered the most powerful god , the god of night , sorcery and destiny ( the name tezcatlipoca means `` smoking mirror '' , or `` obsidian '' ) , and the god of the north . The Aztecs believed that Tezcatlipoca created war to provide food and drink to the gods . Tezcatlipoca was known by several epithets including `` the Enemy '' and `` the Enemy of Both Sides '' , which stress his affinity for discord . He was also deemed the enemy of Quetzalcoatl , but an ally of Huitzilopochtli . Tezcatlipoca had the power to forgive sins and to relieve disease , or to release a man from the fate assigned to him by his date of birth ; however , nothing in Tezcatlipoca 's nature compelled him to do so . He was capricious and often brought about reversals of fortune , such as bringing drought and famine . He turned himself into Mixcoatl , the god of the hunt , to make fire . To the Aztecs , he was an all - knowing , all - seeing nearly all - powerful god . One of his names can be translated as `` He Whose Slaves We Are '' .","sentences":["Tezcatlipoca was generally considered the most powerful god , the god of night , sorcery and destiny ( the name tezcatlipoca means `` smoking mirror '' , or `` obsidian '' ) , and the god of the north .","The Aztecs believed that Tezcatlipoca created war to provide food and drink to the gods .","Tezcatlipoca was known by several epithets including `` the Enemy '' and `` the Enemy of Both Sides '' , which stress his affinity for discord .","He was also deemed the enemy of Quetzalcoatl , but an ally of Huitzilopochtli .","Tezcatlipoca had the power to forgive sins and to relieve disease , or to release a man from the fate assigned to him by his date of birth ; however , nothing in Tezcatlipoca 's nature compelled him to do so .","He was capricious and often brought about reversals of fortune , such as bringing drought and famine .","He turned himself into Mixcoatl , the god of the hunt , to make fire .","To the Aztecs , he was an all - knowing , all - seeing nearly all - powerful god .","One of his names can be translated as `` He Whose Slaves We Are '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3349555237393928616","input":"what happened to sam at the end of season 2 good witch","passages":[{"title":"List of Good Witch episodes","text":"Cassie and Sam seem ready to move their relationship forward , but Sam 's ex-wife , Linda ( Gabrielle Miller ) , wishes to repair their fractured family for Nick 's sake . Grace is nervous about her first driving test . She searches for the perfect teacher to help ace her test . Cassie hangs a help - wanted sign at Bell , Book & Candle . At the Bistro , Abigail approaches Stephanie with a business proposition , before scheming a startling betrayal . A seemingly happy couple arrives at Grey House to celebrate their upcoming nuptials , but Cassie sees beyond their fa\u00e7ade , which leads to a confession . Elsewhere , Tara and Brandon have a difference of opinion on an important milestone , which could affect their future ; and an intriguing visitor from Cassie 's past arrives in Middleton .","sentences":["Cassie and Sam seem ready to move their relationship forward , but Sam 's ex-wife , Linda ( Gabrielle Miller ) , wishes to repair their fractured family for Nick 's sake .","Grace is nervous about her first driving test .","She searches for the perfect teacher to help ace her test .","Cassie hangs a help - wanted sign at Bell , Book & Candle .","At the Bistro , Abigail approaches Stephanie with a business proposition , before scheming a startling betrayal .","A seemingly happy couple arrives at Grey House to celebrate their upcoming nuptials , but Cassie sees beyond their fa\u00e7ade , which leads to a confession .","Elsewhere , Tara and Brandon have a difference of opinion on an important milestone , which could affect their future ; and an intriguing visitor from Cassie 's past arrives in Middleton ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7725643149915797140","input":"the extremities of any diameter on mohr's circle represent","passages":[{"title":"Mohr's circle","text":"Draw the Cartesian coordinate system ( \u03c3 n , \u03c4 n ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ sigma _ ( \\ mathrm ( n ) ) , \\ tau _ ( \\ mathrm ( n ) ) ) ) with a horizontal \u03c3 n ( \\ displaystyle \\ sigma _ ( \\ mathrm ( n ) ) ) - axis and a vertical \u03c4 n ( \\ displaystyle \\ tau _ ( \\ mathrm ( n ) ) ) - axis .","sentences":["Draw the Cartesian coordinate system ( \u03c3 n , \u03c4 n )","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ sigma _","( \\ mathrm ( n ) ) , \\ tau _","( \\ mathrm ( n ) ) ) )","with a horizontal \u03c3 n ( \\ displaystyle \\ sigma _","( \\ mathrm ( n ) ) )","- axis and a vertical \u03c4 n ( \\ displaystyle \\ tau _","( \\ mathrm ( n ) ) )","- axis ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5383593881023041321","input":"who did rome trade with and what was traded","passages":[{"title":"Indo-Roman trade relations","text":"Roman and Greek traders frequented the ancient Tamil country , present day Southern India and Sri Lanka , securing trade with the seafaring Tamil states of the Pandyan , Chola and Chera dynasties and establishing trading settlements which secured trade with the Indian Subcontinent by the Greco - Roman world since the time of the Ptolemaic dynasty a few decades before the start of the Common Era and remained long after the fall of the Western Roman Empire . As recorded by Strabo , Emperor Augustus of Rome received at Antioch an ambassador from a South Indian king called Pandyan of Dramira . The country of the Pandyas , Pandi Mandala , was described as Pandyan Mediterranea in the Periplus and Modura Regia Pandyan by Ptolemy . They also outlasted Byzantium 's loss of the ports of Egypt and the Red Sea ( c. 639 -- 645 CE ) under the pressure of the Muslim conquests . Sometime after the sundering of communications between the Axum and Eastern Roman Empire in the 7th century , the Christian kingdom of Axum fell into a slow decline , fading into obscurity in western sources . It survived , despite pressure from Islamic forces , until the 11th century , when it was reconfigured in a dynastic squabble . Communications were reinstated after the Muslim forces retreated .","sentences":["Roman and Greek traders frequented the ancient Tamil country , present day Southern India and Sri Lanka , securing trade with the seafaring Tamil states of the Pandyan , Chola and Chera dynasties and establishing trading settlements which secured trade with the Indian Subcontinent by the Greco - Roman world since the time of the Ptolemaic dynasty a few decades before the start of the Common Era and remained long after the fall of the Western Roman Empire .","As recorded by Strabo , Emperor Augustus of Rome received at Antioch an ambassador from a South Indian king called Pandyan of Dramira .","The country of the Pandyas , Pandi Mandala , was described as Pandyan Mediterranea in the Periplus and Modura Regia Pandyan by Ptolemy .","They also outlasted Byzantium 's loss of the ports of Egypt and the Red Sea ( c. 639 -- 645 CE ) under the pressure of the Muslim conquests .","Sometime after the sundering of communications between the Axum and Eastern Roman Empire in the 7th century , the Christian kingdom of Axum fell into a slow decline , fading into obscurity in western sources .","It survived , despite pressure from Islamic forces , until the 11th century , when it was reconfigured in a dynastic squabble .","Communications were reinstated after the Muslim forces retreated ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3440764642064620372","input":"where did the name michael myers come from","passages":[{"title":"Michael Myers (Halloween)","text":"Describing aspects of Michael Myers which he wanted to explore in the comic book Halloween : Nightdance , writer Stefan Hutchinson mentions the character 's `` bizarre and dark sense of humor '' , as seen when he wore a sheet over his head to trick a girl into thinking he was her boyfriend , and the satisfaction he gets from scaring the characters before he murders them , such as letting Laurie know he is stalking her . Hutchinson feels there is a perverse nature to Michael 's actions : `` see the difference between how he watches and pursues women to men '' . He also suggests that Michael Myers ' hometown of Haddonfield is the cause of his behavior , likening his situation to that of Jack the Ripper , citing Myers as a `` product of normal surburbia - all the repressed emotion of fake Norman Rockwell smiles '' . Hutchinson describes Michael as a `` monster of abjection '' . When asked his opinion of Rob Zombie 's expansion on Michael 's family life , Hutchinson says that explaining why Michael does what he does `` ( reduces ) the character '' . That being said , Hutchinson explores the nature of evil in the short story Charlie -- included in the Halloween Nightdance trade paperback -- and says that Michael Myers spent fifteen years `` attuning himself to this force to the point where he is , as Loomis says , ' pure evil ' '' . Nightdance artist Tim Seeley describes the character 's personality in John Carpenter 's 1978 film as `` a void '' , which allows the character to be more open to interpretation than the later sequels allowed him . He surmises that Michael embodies a part of everyone ; a part people are afraid will one day `` snap and knife someone '' , which lends to the fear that Michael creates on screen . He was further characterised in the video game Dead by Daylight as `` infused with a distilled and pure form of evil ... For Michael , he had to kill to find some inner peace . As he took his sister 's life , the police found a silent boy dressed as a clown at the scene . Sending Michael to a mental institution was a feeble attempt to save the child . Unsuccessful therapy and nightly screams just made him even more introvert ( sic ) and deranged . ''","sentences":["Describing aspects of Michael Myers which he wanted to explore in the comic book Halloween : Nightdance , writer Stefan Hutchinson mentions the character 's `` bizarre and dark sense of humor '' , as seen when he wore a sheet over his head to trick a girl into thinking he was her boyfriend , and the satisfaction he gets from scaring the characters before he murders them , such as letting Laurie know he is stalking her .","Hutchinson feels there is a perverse nature to Michael 's actions : `` see the difference between how he watches and pursues women to men '' .","He also suggests that Michael Myers ' hometown of Haddonfield is the cause of his behavior , likening his situation to that of Jack the Ripper , citing Myers as a `` product of normal surburbia - all the repressed emotion of fake Norman Rockwell smiles '' .","Hutchinson describes Michael as a `` monster of abjection '' .","When asked his opinion of Rob Zombie 's expansion on Michael 's family life , Hutchinson says that explaining why Michael does what he does `` ( reduces ) the character '' .","That being said , Hutchinson explores the nature of evil in the short story Charlie -- included in the Halloween Nightdance trade paperback -- and says that Michael Myers spent fifteen years `` attuning himself to this force to the point where he is , as Loomis says , ' pure evil ' '' .","Nightdance artist Tim Seeley describes the character 's personality in John Carpenter 's 1978 film as `` a void '' , which allows the character to be more open to interpretation than the later sequels allowed him .","He surmises that Michael embodies a part of everyone ; a part people are afraid will one day `` snap and knife someone '' , which lends to the fear that Michael creates on screen .","He was further characterised in the video game Dead by Daylight as `` infused with a distilled and pure form of evil ...","For Michael , he had to kill to find some inner peace .","As he took his sister 's life , the police found a silent boy dressed as a clown at the scene .","Sending Michael to a mental institution was a feeble attempt to save the child .","Unsuccessful therapy and nightly screams just made him even more introvert ( sic ) and deranged . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8830640557686157577","input":"when did fairy tail dragon cry take place","passages":[{"title":"Fairy Tail","text":"Mashima described his weekly schedule for creating individual chapters of Fairy Tail in 2008 . Script and storyboards are written on Monday , rough sketches the following day , and drawing and inking are done Wednesday through Friday . At the time the weekends were for Monster Hunter Orage , a monthly series Mashima was writing at the same time as Fairy Tail . He usually thinks up new chapters while working on the current ones . Mashima had six assistants in 2008 that worked in an 8,000 sq. feet area with seven desks , as well as a sofa and TV for video games . In 2011 , he stated that he worked six days a week , for 17 hours a day .","sentences":["Mashima described his weekly schedule for creating individual chapters of Fairy Tail in 2008 .","Script and storyboards are written on Monday , rough sketches the following day , and drawing and inking are done Wednesday through Friday .","At the time the weekends were for Monster Hunter Orage , a monthly series Mashima was writing at the same time as Fairy Tail .","He usually thinks up new chapters while working on the current ones .","Mashima had six assistants in 2008 that worked in an 8,000 sq. feet area with seven desks , as well as a sofa and TV for video games .","In 2011 , he stated that he worked six days a week , for 17 hours a day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4167775393291731780","input":"when did the us move from the gold standard","passages":[{"title":"Gold standard","text":"This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( July 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) All","sentences":["This section needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( July 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","All"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"309004827132555000","input":"what are the duties of a surgical nurse","passages":[{"title":"Surgical nursing","text":"The first twenty - four hours post surgery are critical , there are many procedures that should take place in order to monitor the patient . Observations of the patient need to be taken and recorded every fifteen minutes . General observations are inclusive of , heart rate , blood pressure , temperature , respiratory rate and oxygen saturation . Further tasks taken out by a surgical nurse post operation include ; urine output , assessment of wound sites , replacing intravenous requirements and reporting any abnormalities . It is also a task of the nurse to collect information about the social patient 's history or issues , mobility restrictions , nutrition and education requirements prior to discharge from hospital . When these tasks are taken out it is proven to improve recovery .","sentences":["The first twenty - four hours post surgery are critical , there are many procedures that should take place in order to monitor the patient .","Observations of the patient need to be taken and recorded every fifteen minutes .","General observations are inclusive of , heart rate , blood pressure , temperature , respiratory rate and oxygen saturation .","Further tasks taken out by a surgical nurse post operation include ; urine output , assessment of wound sites , replacing intravenous requirements and reporting any abnormalities .","It is also a task of the nurse to collect information about the social patient 's history or issues , mobility restrictions , nutrition and education requirements prior to discharge from hospital .","When these tasks are taken out it is proven to improve recovery ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1941730218391188689","input":"what is south africa number one in the world for","passages":[{"title":"South Africa","text":"The coastal belt to the north of the Cape Peninsula is bounded on the west by the Atlantic Ocean and the first row of north - south running Cape Fold Mountains to the east . The Cape Fold Mountains peter out at about the 32 \u00b0 S line of latitude , after which the coastal plain is bounded by the Great Escarpment itself . The most southerly portion of this coastal belt is known as the Swartland and Malmesbury Plain , which is an important wheat growing region , relying on winter rains . The region further north is known as Namaqualand , which becomes more and more arid as one approaches the Orange River . The little rain that falls , tends to fall in winter , which results in one of the world 's most spectacular displays of flowers carpeting huge stretches of veld in spring ( August -- September ) . Cape","sentences":["The coastal belt to the north of the Cape Peninsula is bounded on the west by the Atlantic Ocean and the first row of north - south running Cape Fold Mountains to the east .","The Cape Fold Mountains peter out at about the 32 \u00b0 S line of latitude , after which the coastal plain is bounded by the Great Escarpment itself .","The most southerly portion of this coastal belt is known as the Swartland and Malmesbury Plain , which is an important wheat growing region , relying on winter rains .","The region further north is known as Namaqualand , which becomes more and more arid as one approaches the Orange River .","The little rain that falls , tends to fall in winter , which results in one of the world 's most spectacular displays of flowers carpeting huge stretches of veld in spring ( August -- September ) .","Cape"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7858171888373163731","input":"where did the jenny lind bed get its name","passages":[{"title":"Jenny Lind","text":"In the US , Lind is commemorated by street names in Fort Smith , Arkansas ; New Bedford , Massachusetts ; Taunton , Massachusetts ; McKeesport , Pennsylvania ; North Easton , Massachusetts ; North Highlands , California and Stanhope , New Jersey ; and in the name of Jenny Lind , Arkansas and the gold - rush town of Jenny Lind , California . An elementary school in Minneapolis , Minnesota is named after her . She has been honoured since 1948 by the Barnum Festival , which takes place each June and July in Bridgeport , Connecticut . Through a national competition , the festival selects a soprano as the Jenny Lind winner . Her Swedish counterpart , chosen by the Royal Swedish Academy of Music and the People 's Parks and Community Centre in Stockholm , visits during the festival , and the two perform several concerts together . In July , the American Jenny Lind winner traditionally travels to Sweden for a similar joint concert tour . Andover , Illinois , has the Jenny Lind Chapel , a Swedish Lutheran Chapel that Lind donated $1,500 to construct . Jenny Lind Wing is part of a student residence building at Augustana College , Rock Island , Illinois , which was founded by the Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Augustana Synod in North America in 1860 . The college also named a Jenny Lind Vocal Ensemble .","sentences":["In the US , Lind is commemorated by street names in Fort Smith , Arkansas ; New Bedford , Massachusetts ; Taunton , Massachusetts ; McKeesport , Pennsylvania ; North Easton , Massachusetts ; North Highlands , California and Stanhope , New Jersey ; and in the name of Jenny Lind , Arkansas and the gold - rush town of Jenny Lind , California .","An elementary school in Minneapolis , Minnesota is named after her .","She has been honoured since 1948 by the Barnum Festival , which takes place each June and July in Bridgeport , Connecticut .","Through a national competition , the festival selects a soprano as the Jenny Lind winner .","Her Swedish counterpart , chosen by the Royal Swedish Academy of Music and the People 's Parks and Community Centre in Stockholm , visits during the festival , and the two perform several concerts together .","In July , the American Jenny Lind winner traditionally travels to Sweden for a similar joint concert tour .","Andover , Illinois , has the Jenny Lind Chapel , a Swedish Lutheran Chapel that Lind donated $1,500 to construct .","Jenny Lind Wing is part of a student residence building at Augustana College , Rock Island , Illinois , which was founded by the Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Augustana Synod in North America in 1860 .","The college also named a Jenny Lind Vocal Ensemble ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9077748974324122951","input":"what is the degrees of a 7 sided shape","passages":[{"title":"Polygon","text":"Exterior angle -- The exterior angle is the supplementary angle to the interior angle . Tracing around a convex n - gon , the angle `` turned '' at a corner is the exterior or external angle . Tracing all the way around the polygon makes one full turn , so the sum of the exterior angles must be 360 \u00b0 . This argument can be generalized to concave simple polygons , if external angles that turn in the opposite direction are subtracted from the total turned . Tracing around an n - gon in general , the sum of the exterior angles ( the total amount one rotates at the vertices ) can be any integer multiple d of 360 \u00b0 , e.g. 720 \u00b0 for a pentagram and 0 \u00b0 for an angular `` eight '' or antiparallelogram , where d is the density or starriness of the polygon . See also orbit ( dynamics ) .","sentences":["Exterior angle -- The exterior angle is the supplementary angle to the interior angle .","Tracing around a convex n - gon , the angle `` turned '' at a corner is the exterior or external angle .","Tracing all the way around the polygon makes one full turn , so the sum of the exterior angles must be 360 \u00b0 .","This argument can be generalized to concave simple polygons , if external angles that turn in the opposite direction are subtracted from the total turned .","Tracing around an n - gon in general , the sum of the exterior angles ( the total amount one rotates at the vertices ) can be any integer multiple d of 360 \u00b0 , e.g. 720 \u00b0 for a pentagram and 0 \u00b0 for an angular `` eight '' or antiparallelogram , where d is the density or starriness of the polygon .","See also orbit ( dynamics ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5516984253355583546","input":"when was the malayan union officially announced to the malayan citizen","passages":[{"title":"Malayan Union","text":"Part of a series on the History of Malaysia Prehistoric Malaysia ( show ) Prehistoric Malaysia 100 -- 6th century Early kingdoms ( show ) Gangga Negara 2nd -- 11th century Langkasuka 2nd -- 14th century Chi Tu 2nd -- 6th century Pan Pan 3rd -- 5th century Kedah Tua 5th -- 9th century Pahang Tua 5th -- 15th century Melayu 6th century Srivijaya 650 -- 1377 Majapahit 1293 -- 1500 Rise of Muslim states ( show ) Kedah Sultanate 1136 -- present Brunei Sultanate 1368 -- present Malacca Sultanate 1402 -- 1511 Sulu Sultanate 1450 -- 1899 Pahang Sultanate 1470 -- 1623 Aceh Sultanate 1496 -- 1903 Pattani Sultanate 1516 -- 1902 Johor Sultanate 1528 -- present House of Jamalullail 1843 -- present Colonial era ( show ) Portuguese Malacca 1511 -- 1641 Dutch -- Portuguese War 1601 -- 1661 Dutch Malacca 1641 -- 1824 Siamese invasion of Kedah 1821 -- 1826 Straits Settlements 1826 -- 1946 Kingdom of Sarawak 1841 -- 1946 Crown Colony of Labuan 1848 -- 1946 British Malaya \/ Borneo 1874 -- 1946 North Borneo 1882 -- 1946 Federated Malay States 1895 -- 1946 Unfederated Malay States 1909 -- 1946 World War II ( show ) Japanese occupation of Malaya \/ of Borneo 1941 -- 1945 Malayan Campaign 1941 -- 1942 Battle of Muar 1942 Parit Sulong Massacre 1942 Battle of Singapore 1942 Syburi 1942 Si Rat Malai 1943 -- 1945 Sandakan Death Marches 1942 Formation of Malaysia ( show ) British Military Administration of Malaya \/ of Borneo 1945 -- 1946 Crown Colony of N. Borneo 1946 -- 1963 Crown Colony of Sarawak 1946 -- 1963 Malayan Union 1946 -- 1948 Federation of Malaya 1948 -- 1963 Independence of Malaya 1957 Self - government of Singapore 1959 Self - government of North Borneo 1963 Self - government of Sarawak 1963 Formation of Malaysia 1963 Singapore in Malaysia 1963 -- 1965 Federal Territory of KL Federal Territory of Labuan 1984 Federal Territory of Putrajaya Incidents ( show ) Anti-cession movement 1946 -- 1963 Malayan Emergency 1948 -- 1960 Bukit Kepong incident 1950 Baling Talks 1956 Brunei revolt 1962 -- 1966 Sarawak Communist Insurgency 1962 -- 1990 Philippine claim over North Borneo 1962 -- present Philippine militant attacks in Borneo 1962 -- present Confrontation with Indonesia 1963 -- 1966 Singapore race riots 1964 ASEAN Declaration ( ASEAN ) 1967 Brunei 's claim over Limbang 1967 -- 2009 Second communist insurgency 1968 -- 1989 13 May Incident 1969 Ligitan and Sipadan dispute 1969 -- 2002 Malaysian New Economic Policy 1971 -- 1990 Malaysian haze crisis 1972 -- present Pedra Branca dispute 1979 -- 2008 South China Sea islands dispute ( Spratly Islands ) 1980 -- present 1985 Lahad Datu ambush 1985 Memali Incident 1985 Operation Lalang Constitutional crisis 1987 -- 1988 Financial crisis 1997 -- 1998 Al - Ma'unah Incident 2000 Ligitan and Sipadan dispute 1969 -- 2002 Bersih rally 2007 Anti ISA rally 2009 Bersih 2.0 rally 2011 Bersih 3.0 rally 2012 People 's Uprising rally 2013 Lahad Datu standoff 2013 Anti-price hike rally 2013 Black - Out rally 2013 MAS MH370 Incident 2014 MAS MH17 Incident 2014 AirasiaQZ8501 Incident 2014 Bersih 4 rally 2015 2015 Malay Dignity rally 2015 Bersih 5 rally 2016 By topic ( show ) Communications Economic Military Malaysia portal","sentences":["Part of a series on the History of Malaysia Prehistoric Malaysia ( show )","Prehistoric Malaysia 100 -- 6th century Early kingdoms ( show )","Gangga Negara 2nd -- 11th century Langkasuka 2nd -- 14th century Chi Tu 2nd -- 6th century Pan Pan 3rd -- 5th century","Kedah","Tua 5th -- 9th century Pahang Tua 5th -- 15th century Melayu 6th century Srivijaya 650 -- 1377 Majapahit 1293 -- 1500 Rise of Muslim states ( show )","Kedah Sultanate 1136 -- present Brunei Sultanate 1368 -- present Malacca Sultanate 1402 -- 1511 Sulu Sultanate 1450 -- 1899 Pahang Sultanate 1470 -- 1623 Aceh Sultanate 1496 -- 1903 Pattani Sultanate 1516 -- 1902 Johor Sultanate 1528 -- present House of Jamalullail 1843 -- present Colonial era ( show ) Portuguese Malacca 1511 -- 1641 Dutch -- Portuguese War 1601 -- 1661 Dutch Malacca 1641 -- 1824 Siamese invasion of Kedah 1821 -- 1826 Straits Settlements 1826 -- 1946 Kingdom of Sarawak 1841 -- 1946 Crown Colony of Labuan 1848 -- 1946 British Malaya \/ Borneo 1874 -- 1946 North Borneo 1882 -- 1946 Federated Malay States 1895 -- 1946 Unfederated Malay States 1909 -- 1946 World War II ( show ) Japanese occupation of Malaya \/ of Borneo 1941 -- 1945 Malayan Campaign 1941 -- 1942 Battle of Muar 1942 Parit Sulong Massacre 1942 Battle of Singapore 1942 Syburi 1942","Si Rat Malai 1943 -- 1945 Sandakan Death Marches 1942 Formation of Malaysia ( show ) British Military Administration of Malaya \/ of Borneo 1945 -- 1946 Crown Colony of N. Borneo 1946 -- 1963 Crown Colony of Sarawak 1946 -- 1963 Malayan Union 1946 -- 1948 Federation of Malaya 1948 -- 1963 Independence of Malaya 1957 Self - government of Singapore 1959 Self - government of North Borneo 1963 Self - government of Sarawak 1963 Formation of Malaysia 1963 Singapore in Malaysia 1963 -- 1965 Federal Territory of KL Federal Territory of Labuan 1984 Federal Territory of Putrajaya Incidents ( show ) Anti-cession movement 1946 -- 1963 Malayan Emergency 1948 -- 1960 Bukit Kepong incident 1950 Baling Talks 1956 Brunei revolt 1962 -- 1966 Sarawak Communist Insurgency 1962 -- 1990 Philippine claim over North Borneo 1962 -- present Philippine militant attacks in Borneo 1962 -- present Confrontation with Indonesia 1963 -- 1966 Singapore race riots 1964 ASEAN Declaration ( ASEAN )","1967","Brunei 's claim over Limbang 1967 -- 2009 Second communist insurgency 1968 -- 1989 13","May Incident 1969 Ligitan and Sipadan dispute 1969 -- 2002 Malaysian New Economic Policy 1971 -- 1990 Malaysian haze crisis 1972 -- present Pedra Branca dispute 1979 -- 2008 South China Sea islands dispute ( Spratly Islands ) 1980 -- present 1985 Lahad Datu ambush 1985 Memali Incident 1985 Operation Lalang Constitutional crisis 1987 -- 1988 Financial crisis 1997 -- 1998 Al - Ma'unah Incident 2000 Ligitan and Sipadan dispute 1969 -- 2002 Bersih rally 2007","Anti ISA rally 2009 Bersih 2.0 rally 2011 Bersih 3.0 rally 2012 People 's Uprising rally 2013 Lahad Datu standoff 2013 Anti-price hike rally 2013 Black - Out rally 2013","MAS MH370 Incident 2014 MAS MH17 Incident","2014 AirasiaQZ8501","Incident 2014 Bersih 4 rally 2015 2015 Malay Dignity rally 2015 Bersih 5 rally 2016","By topic ( show ) Communications Economic Military Malaysia portal"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5414345418002073232","input":"when is this is us on in denver","passages":[{"title":"Denver","text":"Some Denver streets have bicycle lanes , leaving a patchwork of disjointed routes throughout the city . There are over 850 miles of paved , off - road , bike paths in Denver parks and along bodies of water , like Cherry Creek and the South Platte . This allows for a significant portion of Denver 's population to be bicycle commuters and has led to Denver being known as a bicycle - friendly city . Some residents are very opposed to bike lanes , which have caused some plans to be watered down or nixed . The review process for one bike line on Broadway will last over a year before city council members will make a decision . In addition to the many bike paths , Denver launched B - Cycle -- a citywide bicycle sharing program -- in late April 2010 . The B - Cycle network was the largest in the United States at the time of its launch , boasting 400 bicycles .","sentences":["Some Denver streets have bicycle lanes , leaving a patchwork of disjointed routes throughout the city .","There are over 850 miles of paved , off - road , bike paths in Denver parks and along bodies of water , like Cherry Creek and the South Platte .","This allows for a significant portion of Denver 's population to be bicycle commuters and has led to Denver being known as a bicycle - friendly city .","Some residents are very opposed to bike lanes , which have caused some plans to be watered down or nixed .","The review process for one bike line on Broadway will last over a year before city council members will make a decision .","In addition to the many bike paths , Denver launched B - Cycle -- a citywide bicycle sharing program -- in late April 2010 .","The B - Cycle network was the largest in the United States at the time of its launch , boasting 400 bicycles ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1660984961159472271","input":"what is the difference between navy and navy reserve","passages":[{"title":"United States Navy Reserve","text":"List of Commanders Tenure begin Tenure end Rank Name Apr 1973 Aug 1974 VADM Damon W. Cooper Aug 1974 Sep 1978 VADM Pierre N. Charbonnet , Jr . Sep 1978 Oct 1982 RADM Frederick F. Palmer Oct 1982 Nov 1983 RADM Robert F. Dunn Nov 1983 May 1987 RADM Cecil J. Kempf Nov 1987 Aug 1989 RADM Francis N. Smith Aug 1989 Sep 1992 RADM James E. Taylor Sep 1992 Sep 1996 RADM Thomas F. Hall Sep 1996 Oct 1998 RADM G. Dennis Vaughan Oct 1998 Oct 2003 VADM John B. Totushek Oct 2003 Jul 2008 VADM John G. Cotton Jul 2008 Aug 2012 VADM Dirk J. Debbink Aug 2012 Sep 2016 VADM Robin R. Braun Sep 2016 Incumbent VADM Luke M. McCollum","sentences":["List of Commanders Tenure begin Tenure end Rank Name Apr 1973 Aug 1974 VADM Damon W. Cooper Aug 1974 Sep 1978 VADM Pierre N. Charbonnet , Jr .","Sep 1978 Oct 1982 RADM Frederick F. Palmer Oct 1982","Nov 1983 RADM Robert F. Dunn Nov 1983 May 1987 RADM Cecil J. Kempf Nov 1987 Aug 1989 RADM Francis N. Smith Aug 1989","Sep 1992 RADM James E. Taylor","Sep 1992 Sep 1996 RADM Thomas F. Hall Sep 1996 Oct 1998 RADM G. Dennis Vaughan","Oct 1998 Oct 2003 VADM John B. Totushek Oct 2003 Jul 2008 VADM John G. Cotton Jul 2008","Aug 2012 VADM Dirk J. Debbink Aug 2012 Sep 2016 VADM Robin R. Braun Sep 2016 Incumbent VADM Luke M. McCollum"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6882563111692108443","input":"who is the oldest why don't we boy","passages":[{"title":"Why Don't We","text":"On October 7 , 2016 , the group released their debut single `` Taking You '' , a track from their debut EP , Only the Beginning , which was released on November 25 of the same year . Their second EP , Something Different , was released on April 21 , 2017 . Its title track was released as the lead single the same day . They released their third EP , Why Do n't We Just , on June 2 , 2017 . They finished their `` Something Different '' tour around the United States . Another single , `` These Girls '' was released on August 29 , 2017 .","sentences":["On October 7 , 2016 , the group released their debut single `` Taking You '' , a track from their debut EP , Only the Beginning , which was released on November 25 of the same year .","Their second EP , Something Different , was released on April 21 , 2017 .","Its title track was released as the lead single the same day .","They released their third EP , Why Do n't We Just , on June 2 , 2017 .","They finished their `` Something Different '' tour around the United States .","Another single , `` These Girls '' was released on August 29 , 2017 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6440591455671595254","input":"what year did tina turner have a concert in holland","passages":[{"title":"Tina Turner","text":"In 1977 , with finances given to her by United Artists executive Richard Stewart , Tina returned onstage , giving a round of shows in Las Vegas in a cabaret setting , influenced by the cabaret shows she witnessed while a member of the Ike & Tina Turner Revue . She took her cabaret act to smaller venues in the United States . Turner earned further income by appearing on shows such as The Hollywood Squares , Donny and Marie , The Sonny & Cher Show and The Brady Bunch Hour . Later in 1977 , Turner headlined her first solo concert tour , throughout Australia . In 1978 , United Artists released Turner 's third solo album , Rough , with distribution both in North America and Europe with EMI . That album , along with its follow - up , Love Explosion , which included a brief diversion to disco rhythms , failed to chart .","sentences":["In 1977 , with finances given to her by United Artists executive Richard Stewart , Tina returned onstage , giving a round of shows in Las Vegas in a cabaret setting , influenced by the cabaret shows she witnessed while a member of the Ike & Tina Turner Revue .","She took her cabaret act to smaller venues in the United States .","Turner earned further income by appearing on shows such as The Hollywood Squares , Donny and Marie , The Sonny & Cher Show and The Brady Bunch Hour .","Later in 1977 , Turner headlined her first solo concert tour , throughout Australia .","In 1978 , United Artists released Turner 's third solo album , Rough , with distribution both in North America and Europe with EMI .","That album , along with its follow - up , Love Explosion , which included a brief diversion to disco rhythms , failed to chart ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6187951594844195682","input":"the cast of alice where are they now","passages":[{"title":"Alice (TV series)","text":"Theatre actress Celia Weston then joined the cast as the good - natured , boisterous truck driver Jolene Hunnicutt , who came from Myrtle Point , South Carolina . Jolene arrives as she and her male driving partner are in the midst of an argument over his unwelcome advances , during which she throws and breaks many of Mel 's dishes . Mel agrees to hire her `` temporarily '' to work off the cost of the dishes , but she stays until the end of the series . Jolene frequently mentions her grandmother , `` Granny Gums '' , who had only three or four teeth . Jolene also mentions her distant relative Jefferson Davis `` Boss '' Hogg , a character from the concurrent CBS series The Dukes of Hazzard . In one episode Sorrell Booke guest stars in this role , along with fellow Dukes character , Enos ( Sonny Shroyer ) .","sentences":["Theatre actress Celia Weston then joined the cast as the good - natured , boisterous truck driver Jolene Hunnicutt , who came from Myrtle Point , South Carolina .","Jolene arrives as she and her male driving partner are in the midst of an argument over his unwelcome advances , during which she throws and breaks many of Mel 's dishes .","Mel agrees to hire her `` temporarily '' to work off the cost of the dishes , but she stays until the end of the series .","Jolene frequently mentions her grandmother , `` Granny Gums '' , who had only three or four teeth .","Jolene also mentions her distant relative Jefferson Davis `` Boss '' Hogg , a character from the concurrent CBS series The Dukes of Hazzard .","In one episode Sorrell Booke guest stars in this role , along with fellow Dukes character , Enos ( Sonny Shroyer ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7608537237773210060","input":"what type of switch is a computer power button","passages":[{"title":"Switch","text":"In electrical engineering , a switch is an electrical component that can `` make '' or `` break '' an electrical circuit , interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another . The mechanism of a switch removes or restores the conducting path in a circuit when it is operated . It may be operated manually , for example , a light switch or a keyboard button , may be operated by a moving object such as a door , or may be operated by some sensing element for pressure , temperature or flow . A switch will have one or more sets of contacts , which may operate simultaneously , sequentially , or alternately . Switches in high - powered circuits must operate rapidly to prevent destructive arcing , and may include special features to assist in rapidly interrupting a heavy current . Multiple forms of actuators are used for operation by hand or to sense position , level , temperature or flow . Special types are used , for example , for control of machinery , to reverse electric motors , or to sense liquid level . Many specialized forms exist . A common use is control of lighting , where multiple switches may be wired into one circuit to allow convenient control of light fixtures .","sentences":["In electrical engineering , a switch is an electrical component that can `` make '' or `` break '' an electrical circuit , interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another .","The mechanism of a switch removes or restores the conducting path in a circuit when it is operated .","It may be operated manually , for example , a light switch or a keyboard button , may be operated by a moving object such as a door , or may be operated by some sensing element for pressure , temperature or flow .","A switch will have one or more sets of contacts , which may operate simultaneously , sequentially , or alternately .","Switches in high - powered circuits must operate rapidly to prevent destructive arcing , and may include special features to assist in rapidly interrupting a heavy current .","Multiple forms of actuators are used for operation by hand or to sense position , level , temperature or flow .","Special types are used , for example , for control of machinery , to reverse electric motors , or to sense liquid level .","Many specialized forms exist .","A common use is control of lighting , where multiple switches may be wired into one circuit to allow convenient control of light fixtures ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4918428072904203185","input":"what kind of fish are in the great salt lake","passages":[{"title":"Great Salt Lake","text":"Several islands in the lake provide critical nesting areas for various birds . Access to Hat , Gunnison , and Cub islands is strictly limited by the State of Utah in an effort to protect nesting colonies of American white pelican ( Pelecanus erythrorhynchos ) . The islands within the Great Salt Lake also provide habitat for lizard and mammalian wildlife and a variety of plant species . Some species may have been extirpated from the islands . For example , a number of explorers who visited the area in the mid-1800s ( e.g. Emmanuel Domenech , Howard Stansbury , Jules R\u00e9my ) noted an abundance of yellow - flowered `` onions '' on several of the islands , which they identified as Calochortus luteus . This species today occurs only in California , however , at that time the name C. luteus was applied to plants that later were named C. nuttallii A yellow - flowered Calochortus was first named as a variety of C. nuttallii but was later separated into a new species C. aureus . This species occurs in Utah today , though apparently no longer on the islands of the Great Salt Lake .","sentences":["Several islands in the lake provide critical nesting areas for various birds .","Access to Hat , Gunnison , and Cub islands is strictly limited by the State of Utah in an effort to protect nesting colonies of American white pelican ( Pelecanus erythrorhynchos ) .","The islands within the Great Salt Lake also provide habitat for lizard and mammalian wildlife and a variety of plant species .","Some species may have been extirpated from the islands .","For example , a number of explorers who visited the area in the mid-1800s ( e.g. Emmanuel Domenech , Howard Stansbury , Jules R\u00e9my ) noted an abundance of yellow - flowered `` onions '' on several of the islands , which they identified as Calochortus luteus .","This species today occurs only in California , however , at that time the name C. luteus was applied to plants that later were named C. nuttallii A yellow - flowered Calochortus was first named as a variety of C. nuttallii but was later separated into a new species C. aureus .","This species occurs in Utah today , though apparently no longer on the islands of the Great Salt Lake ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3510348898961544705","input":"is the head quarter of uno in usa","passages":[{"title":"Headquarters of the United Nations","text":"In 1945 -- 46 London hosted the first meeting of the General Assembly in Methodist Central Hall , and the Security Council in Church House . The third and sixth General Assembly sessions , in 1948 and 1951 , met in the Palais de Chaillot in Paris . Prior to the construction of the current complex , the UN was headquartered at a temporary location at the Sperry Corporation 's offices in Lake Success , New York , an eastern suburb of the city in Nassau County on Long Island , from 1946 to 1952 . The Security Council also held sessions on what was then the Bronx campus of Hunter College ( now the site of Lehman College ) from March to August 1946 . The UN also met at what is now the Queens Museum , built as the New York City Pavilion for the 1939 New York World 's Fair in Flushing Meadows - Corona Park . The General Assembly met at what had previously been the ice skating rink , and the Long Island Rail Road reopened the former World 's Fair station as United Nations station . After the UN moved to its new Manhattan headquarters , the building was remodeled and briefly used as a pavilion for the 1964 New York World 's Fair , after which it reverted to use as a skating rink until 2008 , when the entire building began a long - term renovation to create expanded museum facilities .","sentences":["In 1945 -- 46 London hosted the first meeting of the General Assembly in Methodist Central Hall , and the Security Council in Church House .","The third and sixth General Assembly sessions , in 1948 and 1951 , met in the Palais de Chaillot in Paris .","Prior to the construction of the current complex , the UN was headquartered at a temporary location at the Sperry Corporation 's offices in Lake Success , New York , an eastern suburb of the city in Nassau County on Long Island , from 1946 to 1952 .","The Security Council also held sessions on what was then the Bronx campus of Hunter College ( now the site of Lehman College ) from March to August 1946 .","The UN also met at what is now the Queens Museum , built as the New York City Pavilion for the 1939 New York World 's Fair in Flushing Meadows - Corona Park .","The General Assembly met at what had previously been the ice skating rink , and the Long Island Rail Road reopened the former World 's Fair station as United Nations station .","After the UN moved to its new Manhattan headquarters , the building was remodeled and briefly used as a pavilion for the 1964 New York World 's Fair , after which it reverted to use as a skating rink until 2008 , when the entire building began a long - term renovation to create expanded museum facilities ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2972821749209688907","input":"why is a cell considered an open system","passages":[{"title":"Open system (systems theory)","text":"In the social sciences an open system is a process that exchanges material , energy , people , capital and information with its environment . French \/ Greek philosopher Kostas Axelos argued that seeing the `` world system '' as inherently open ( though unified ) would solve many of the problems in the social sciences , including that of praxis ( the relation of knowledge to practice ) , so that various social scientific disciplines would work together rather than create a monopoly whereby the world appears only sociological , political , historical , or psychological . Axelos argues that theorizing a closed system contributes to making it closed , and is thus a conservative approach . The Althusserian concept of overdetermination ( drawing on Sigmund Freud ) posits that there are always multiple causes in every event . David Harvey uses this to argue that when systems such as capitalism enter a phase of crisis , it could happen through one of a number of elements , such as gender roles , the relation to nature \/ the environment , or crises in accumulation . Looking at the crisis in accumulation , Harvey argues that phenomena such as foreign direct investment , privatization of state - owned resources , and accumulation by dispossession act as necessary outlets when capital has overaccumulated too much in private hands and can not circulate effectively in the marketplace . He cites the forcible displacement of Mexican and Indian peasants since the 1970s and the Asian and South - East Asian financial crisis of 1997 - 8 , involving `` hedge fund raising '' of national currencies , as examples of this .","sentences":["In the social sciences an open system is a process that exchanges material , energy , people , capital and information with its environment .","French \/","Greek philosopher Kostas Axelos argued that seeing the `` world system '' as inherently open ( though unified ) would solve many of the problems in the social sciences , including that of praxis ( the relation of knowledge to practice ) , so that various social scientific disciplines would work together rather than create a monopoly whereby the world appears only sociological , political , historical , or psychological .","Axelos argues that theorizing a closed system contributes to making it closed , and is thus a conservative approach .","The Althusserian concept of overdetermination ( drawing on Sigmund Freud ) posits that there are always multiple causes in every event .","David Harvey uses this to argue that when systems such as capitalism enter a phase of crisis , it could happen through one of a number of elements , such as gender roles , the relation to nature \/ the environment , or crises in accumulation .","Looking at the crisis in accumulation , Harvey argues that phenomena such as foreign direct investment , privatization of state - owned resources , and accumulation by dispossession act as necessary outlets when capital has overaccumulated too much in private hands and can not circulate effectively in the marketplace .","He cites the forcible displacement of Mexican and Indian peasants since the 1970s and the Asian and South - East Asian financial crisis of 1997 - 8 , involving `` hedge fund raising '' of national currencies , as examples of this ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2949957575567876816","input":"why does sudan have a low percentage of arable land","passages":[{"title":"Agriculture in Sudan","text":"In the late 1970s , about 2.2 million hectares had been allocated for mechanized farming , and about 420,000 hectares more had been occupied without official demarcation . About 1.9 million hectares in all were believed to be under cultivation in any one season . Of the officially allocated land , more than 70 percent was held by private individuals . Private companies had also begun entering the field , and some allocations had been made to them . State farms accounted for another 7.5 percent . About 15 percent of the total allocated land was in MFC - IDA projects . The largest proportion of mechanized farming was in Ash Sharqi Province , 43 percent ; the next largest in Al Awsat Province , 32 percent ; and about 20 percent was in Aali an Nil Province . Mechanized farming had also been initiated in southern Kurdufan Province through a project covering small - scale farmers in the area of the Nuba Mountains , but under a different government program . Proposals also have been made for MFC projects using mechanized equipment in other areas of southern Kurdufan ( some have already been tried ) and southern Darfur provinces . There were serious feasibility problems in view of competition for land and conflicts with traditional farming practices , difficult soil conditions , and the probable negative effect on the large numbers of livestock of nomads .","sentences":["In the late 1970s , about 2.2 million hectares had been allocated for mechanized farming , and about 420,000 hectares more had been occupied without official demarcation .","About 1.9 million hectares in all were believed to be under cultivation in any one season .","Of the officially allocated land , more than 70 percent was held by private individuals .","Private companies had also begun entering the field , and some allocations had been made to them .","State farms accounted for another 7.5 percent .","About 15 percent of the total allocated land was in MFC - IDA projects .","The largest proportion of mechanized farming was in Ash Sharqi Province , 43 percent ; the next largest in Al Awsat Province , 32 percent ; and about 20 percent was in Aali an Nil Province .","Mechanized farming had also been initiated in southern Kurdufan Province through a project covering small - scale farmers in the area of the Nuba Mountains , but under a different government program .","Proposals also have been made for MFC projects using mechanized equipment in other areas of southern Kurdufan ( some have already been tried ) and southern Darfur provinces .","There were serious feasibility problems in view of competition for land and conflicts with traditional farming practices , difficult soil conditions , and the probable negative effect on the large numbers of livestock of nomads ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2413007775854876212","input":"where did the final land battle of the greco-persian wars occur","passages":[{"title":"Greco-Persian Wars","text":"Shortly after Mycale , the Allied fleet sailed to the Hellespont to break down the pontoon bridges , but found that this had already been done . The Peloponnesians sailed home , but the Athenians remained to attack the Chersonesos , still held by the Persians . The Persians and their allies made for Sestos , the strongest town in the region . Amongst them was one Oeobazus of Cardia , who had with him the cables and other equipment from the pontoon bridges . The Persian governor , Artayctes had not prepared for a siege , not believing that the Allies would attack . The Athenians therefore were able to lay a siege around Sestos . The siege dragged on for several months , causing some discontent amongst the Athenian troops , but eventually , when the food ran out in the city , the Persians fled at night from the least guarded area of the city . The Athenians were thus able to take possession of the city the next day .","sentences":["Shortly after Mycale , the Allied fleet sailed to the Hellespont to break down the pontoon bridges , but found that this had already been done .","The Peloponnesians sailed home , but the Athenians remained to attack the Chersonesos , still held by the Persians .","The Persians and their allies made for Sestos , the strongest town in the region .","Amongst them was one Oeobazus of Cardia , who had with him the cables and other equipment from the pontoon bridges .","The Persian governor , Artayctes had not prepared for a siege , not believing that the Allies would attack .","The Athenians therefore were able to lay a siege around Sestos .","The siege dragged on for several months , causing some discontent amongst the Athenian troops , but eventually , when the food ran out in the city , the Persians fled at night from the least guarded area of the city .","The Athenians were thus able to take possession of the city the next day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8515887169040241702","input":"where is the current season of survivor set","passages":[{"title":"Survivor (U.S. TV series)","text":"DVD name DVD release date Blu - ray release date The Complete First Season : Borneo May 11 , 2004 n \/ a The Complete Second Season : The Australian Outback April 26 , 2005 n \/ a The Complete Third Season : Africa October 5 , 2010 n \/ a The Complete Fourth Season : Marquesas October 5 , 2010 n \/ a The Complete Fifth Season : Thailand October 25 , 2011 n \/ a The Complete Sixth Season : The Amazon November 22 , 2011 n \/ a The Complete Seventh Season : Pearl Islands February 7 , 2006 n \/ a The Complete Eighth Season : All - Stars September 14 , 2004 n \/ a The Complete Ninth Season : Vanuatu -- Islands of Fire December 5 , 2006 n \/ a The Complete Tenth Season : Palau August 29 , 2006 n \/ a The Complete Eleventh Season : Guatemala -- The Maya Empire May 22 , 2012 n \/ a The Complete Twelfth Season : Panama -- Exile Island May 22 , 2012 n \/ a The Complete Thirteenth Season : Cook Islands December 11 , 2012 n \/ a The Complete Fourteenth Season : Fiji December 11 , 2012 n \/ a The Complete Fifteenth Season : China January 27 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Sixteenth Season : Micronesia -- Fans vs. Favorites January 31 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Seventeenth Season : Gabon -- Earth 's Last Eden September 11 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Eighteenth Season : Tocantins -- The Brazilian Highlands August 5 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Nineteenth Season : Samoa November 18 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Twentieth Season : Heroes vs. Villains February 22 , 2011 n \/ a The Complete Twenty - First Season : Nicaragua November 18 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Twenty - Second Season : Redemption Island October 7 , 2015 TBA The Complete Twenty - Third Season : South Pacific October 7 , 2015 TBA The Complete Twenty - Fourth Season : One World September 23 , 2016 July 11 , 2017 The Complete Twenty - Fifth Season : Philippines September 23 , 2016 July 11 , 2017 The Complete Twenty - Sixth Season : Caramoan -- Fans vs. Favorites October 26 , 2017 TBA The Complete Twenty - Seventh Season : Blood vs. Water November 13 , 2017 November 1 , 2017 The Complete Twenty - Eighth Season : Cagayan TBA November 1 , 2017 The Complete Twenty - Ninth Season : San Juan del Sur -- Blood vs. Water TBA TBA The Complete Thirtieth Season : Worlds Apart TBA TBA The Complete Thirty - First Season : Cambodia -- Second Chance TBA TBA The Complete Thirty - Second Season : Ka\u00f4h R\u014dng TBA TBA The Complete Thirty - Third Season : Millennials vs. Gen X TBA TBA The Complete Thirty - Fourth Season : Game Changers -- Mamanuca Islands TBA TBA","sentences":["DVD name DVD release date Blu - ray release date The Complete First Season :","Borneo May 11 , 2004 n \/ a The Complete Second Season : The Australian Outback April 26 , 2005 n \/ a The Complete Third Season : Africa October 5 , 2010 n \/ a The Complete Fourth Season :","Marquesas October 5 , 2010 n \/ a The Complete Fifth Season : Thailand October 25 , 2011 n \/ a The Complete Sixth Season :","The Amazon November 22 , 2011 n \/ a The Complete Seventh Season : Pearl Islands February 7 , 2006 n \/ a The Complete Eighth Season : All - Stars September 14 , 2004 n \/ a The Complete Ninth Season : Vanuatu -- Islands of Fire December 5 , 2006 n \/ a The Complete Tenth Season : Palau August 29 , 2006 n \/ a The Complete Eleventh Season : Guatemala -- The Maya Empire May 22 , 2012 n \/ a The Complete Twelfth Season : Panama -- Exile Island May 22 , 2012 n \/ a The Complete Thirteenth Season : Cook Islands December 11 , 2012 n \/ a The Complete Fourteenth Season : Fiji December 11 , 2012 n \/ a The Complete Fifteenth Season : China January 27 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Sixteenth Season : Micronesia -- Fans vs. Favorites January 31 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Seventeenth Season : Gabon -- Earth 's Last Eden September 11 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Eighteenth Season : Tocantins -- The Brazilian Highlands August 5 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Nineteenth Season : Samoa November 18 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Twentieth Season : Heroes vs. Villains February 22 , 2011 n \/ a The Complete Twenty - First Season : Nicaragua November 18 , 2014 n \/ a The Complete Twenty - Second Season : Redemption Island October 7 , 2015 TBA The Complete Twenty - Third Season : South Pacific October 7 , 2015 TBA The Complete Twenty - Fourth Season : One World September 23 , 2016 July 11 , 2017 The Complete Twenty - Fifth Season :","Philippines September 23 , 2016 July 11 , 2017 The Complete Twenty - Sixth Season : Caramoan -- Fans vs. Favorites October 26 , 2017 TBA The Complete Twenty - Seventh Season : Blood vs. Water November 13 , 2017 November 1 , 2017 The Complete Twenty - Eighth Season :","Cagayan TBA November 1 , 2017 The Complete Twenty - Ninth Season : San Juan del Sur -- Blood vs. Water TBA TBA The Complete Thirtieth Season :","Worlds Apart TBA TBA The Complete Thirty - First Season :","Cambodia -- Second Chance TBA TBA The Complete Thirty - Second Season : Ka\u00f4h R\u014dng TBA TBA The Complete Thirty - Third Season : Millennials vs. Gen X TBA TBA The Complete Thirty - Fourth Season : Game Changers -- Mamanuca Islands TBA TBA"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5081749713572306515","input":"how many types a batsman can out in cricket","passages":[{"title":"Dismissal (cricket)","text":"A batsman can be dismissed in a number of ways , the most common being bowled , caught , leg before wicket ( LBW ) , stumped and run out . Much rarer are hit wicket , hit the ball twice , obstructing the field and timed out . The bowler is credited in the statistics with having taken a wicket if the batsman is out bowled , LBW , caught , stumped , or hit wicket . If the ball is a no - ball , then the batsman can not be out in any of these ways . The bowler is not credited with having taken a wicket if the batsman is run out , hits the ball twice , or obstructs the field ; these dismissals may occur even when the delivery is a no - ball . The fieldsman is credited in the statistics with a dismissal if he takes a catch or a stumping ( for a stumping this will necessarily be the wicket - keeper ) , and may be credited on scorecards for a run - out ( although a run - out will not be credited to a player 's statistics ) .","sentences":["A batsman can be dismissed in a number of ways , the most common being bowled , caught , leg before wicket ( LBW ) , stumped and run out .","Much rarer are hit wicket , hit the ball twice , obstructing the field and timed out .","The bowler is credited in the statistics with having taken a wicket if the batsman is out bowled , LBW , caught , stumped , or hit wicket .","If the ball is a no - ball , then the batsman can not be out in any of these ways .","The bowler is not credited with having taken a wicket if the batsman is run out , hits the ball twice , or obstructs the field ; these dismissals may occur even when the delivery is a no - ball .","The fieldsman is credited in the statistics with a dismissal if he takes a catch or a stumping ( for a stumping this will necessarily be the wicket - keeper ) , and may be credited on scorecards for a run - out ( although a run - out will not be credited to a player 's statistics ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6532483887509071188","input":"what magnitude can i see with my telescope","passages":[{"title":"Limiting magnitude","text":"As a first approximation , the gain in magnitudes of a telescope is 5 \u22c5 log 10 \u2061 ( D 1 D 0 ) ( \\ displaystyle 5 \\ cdot \\ log _ ( 10 ) ( ( \\ frac ( D_ ( 1 ) ) ( D_ ( 0 ) ) ) ) ) , where D is the diameter of the telescope 's primary light gathering component , and D is the diameter of the eye 's dark adapted pupil . Both quantities must be measured in the same units . D varies from person to person but is typically 6 -- 7 mm ( ~ 1 \/ 4 `` ) .","sentences":["As a first approximation , the gain in magnitudes of a telescope is 5 \u22c5 log 10 \u2061 ( D 1 D 0 )","( \\ displaystyle 5 \\ cdot \\ log _","( 10 ) ( ( \\ frac ( D_ ( 1 ) )","( D_ ( 0 ) ) ) ) ) , where D is the diameter of the telescope 's primary light gathering component , and D is the diameter of the eye 's dark adapted pupil .","Both quantities must be measured in the same units .","D varies from person to person but is typically 6 -- 7 mm ( ~ 1 \/ 4 `` ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9167655370926017813","input":"what is the van hoff factor of pure water","passages":[{"title":"Water potential","text":"\u03a8 = \u03a8 0 + \u03a8 \u03c0 + \u03a8 p + \u03a8 s + \u03a8 v + \u03a8 m ( \\ displaystyle \\ Psi = \\ Psi _ ( 0 ) + \\ Psi _ ( \\ pi ) + \\ Psi _ ( p ) + \\ Psi _ ( s ) + \\ Psi _ ( v ) + \\ Psi _ ( m ) )","sentences":["\u03a8 = \u03a8 0","+ \u03a8 \u03c0 + \u03a8 p","+ \u03a8 s","+ \u03a8 v","+ \u03a8 m","( \\ displaystyle \\ Psi = \\ Psi _","( 0 )","+ \\ Psi _","( \\ pi )","+ \\ Psi _","( p ) +","\\ Psi _","( s ) +","\\ Psi _","( v ) +","\\ Psi _","( m ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3492918518638712735","input":"how to calculate value marginal product of labor","passages":[{"title":"Marginal product of labor","text":"The marginal product of labor is directly related to costs of production . Costs are divided between fixed and variable costs . Fixed costs are costs that relate to the fixed input , capital , or rK , where r is the rental cost of capital and K is the quantity of capital . Variable costs ( VC ) are the costs of the variable input , labor , or wL , where w is the wage rate and L is the amount of labor employed . Thus , VC = wL . Marginal cost ( MC ) is the change in total cost per unit change in output or \u2206 C \/ \u2206 Q. In the short run , production can be varied only by changing the variable input . Thus only variable costs change as output increases : \u2206 C = \u2206 VC = \u2206 ( wL ) . Marginal cost is \u2206 ( Lw ) \/ \u2206 Q. Now , \u2206 L \/ \u2206 Q is the reciprocal of the marginal product of labor ( \u2206 Q \/ \u2206 L ) . Therefore , marginal cost is simply the wage rate w divided by the marginal product of labor","sentences":["The marginal product of labor is directly related to costs of production .","Costs are divided between fixed and variable costs .","Fixed costs are costs that relate to the fixed input , capital , or rK , where r is the rental cost of capital and K is the quantity of capital .","Variable costs ( VC ) are the costs of the variable input , labor , or wL , where w is the wage rate and L is the amount of labor employed .","Thus , VC = wL .","Marginal cost ( MC ) is the change in total cost per unit change in output or \u2206 C \/ \u2206 Q.","In the short run , production can be varied only by changing the variable input .","Thus only variable costs change as output increases : \u2206 C = \u2206 VC = \u2206 ( wL ) .","Marginal cost is \u2206 ( Lw ) \/","\u2206 Q. Now , \u2206 L \/ \u2206 Q is the reciprocal of the marginal product of labor ( \u2206 Q \/ \u2206 L ) .","Therefore , marginal cost is simply the wage rate w divided by the marginal product of labor"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1697921659326014675","input":"when was the first anne of green gables movie made","passages":[{"title":"Anne of Green Gables (1934 film)","text":"Shortly after , Anne is playing the Lady of Shalott when she realizes her boat is sinking , and Gilbert sees her and saves her life . She then decides to forgive him and give him a reward for saving her . She will kiss him . Gilbert is surprised . Anne thinks he does n't want to claim his reward , but he tells her he does and that he wants her to be his girl . For three years they have an affair , but Mrs. Barry spies on them and tells Marilla . Marilla does not want Anne to even talk to Gilbert , since his mother broke Matthew 's heart . Anne and Gilbert are both devastated and Matthew is upset with Marilla , since it was n't she who got her heart broken .","sentences":["Shortly after , Anne is playing the Lady of Shalott when she realizes her boat is sinking , and Gilbert sees her and saves her life .","She then decides to forgive him and give him a reward for saving her .","She will kiss him .","Gilbert is surprised .","Anne thinks he does n't want to claim his reward , but he tells her he does and that he wants her to be his girl .","For three years they have an affair , but Mrs. Barry spies on them and tells Marilla .","Marilla does not want Anne to even talk to Gilbert , since his mother broke Matthew 's heart .","Anne and Gilbert are both devastated and Matthew is upset with Marilla , since it was n't she who got her heart broken ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1179602158146555107","input":"what kind of bird was in mall cop 2","passages":[{"title":"Paul Blart: Mall Cop 2","text":"Sara Stewart of the New York Post gave the film one out of four stars , saying `` This wisp of a plot is just an excuse for James to do his one trick over and over : Bluster , then screw up humiliatingly . Is it never funny ? No , it 's not never funny . It 's just not funny nearly often enough . '' Frank Scheck of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a negative review , saying `` James tries hard , very hard , to inject the proceedings with slapstick humor , propelling his large body through endless physical contortions in a fruitless effort for laughs . '' Justin Chang of Variety gave the film a negative review , saying `` Kevin James keeps falling on his face and colliding with heavy objects , this time in Vegas , in this tacky , numbingly inane sequel . ''","sentences":["Sara Stewart of the New York Post gave the film one out of four stars , saying `` This wisp of a plot is just an excuse for James to do his one trick over and over : Bluster , then screw up humiliatingly .","Is it never funny ?","No , it 's not never funny .","It 's just not funny nearly often enough . ''","Frank Scheck of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a negative review , saying `` James tries hard , very hard , to inject the proceedings with slapstick humor , propelling his large body through endless physical contortions in a fruitless effort for laughs . ''","Justin Chang of Variety gave the film a negative review , saying `` Kevin James keeps falling on his face and colliding with heavy objects , this time in Vegas , in this tacky , numbingly inane sequel . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6671975621939763598","input":"which of the following traces stories themes and words back to their roots","passages":[{"title":"Comparative mythology","text":"Many cultures believe in a celestial supreme being who has cut off contact with humanity . Historian Mircea Eliade calls this supreme being a deus otiosus ( an `` idle god '' ) , although this term is also used more broadly , to refer to any god who does n't interact regularly with humans . In many myths , the Supreme Being withdraws into the heavens after the creation of the world . Baluba mythology features such a story , in which the supreme god withdraws from the earth , leaving man to search for him . Similarly , the mythology of the Hereros tells of a sky god who has abandoned mankind to lesser divinities . In the mythologies of highly complex cultures , the supreme being tends to disappear completely , replaced by a strongly polytheistic belief system .","sentences":["Many cultures believe in a celestial supreme being who has cut off contact with humanity .","Historian Mircea Eliade calls this supreme being a deus otiosus ( an `` idle god '' ) , although this term is also used more broadly , to refer to any god who does n't interact regularly with humans .","In many myths , the Supreme Being withdraws into the heavens after the creation of the world .","Baluba mythology features such a story , in which the supreme god withdraws from the earth , leaving man to search for him .","Similarly , the mythology of the Hereros tells of a sky god who has abandoned mankind to lesser divinities .","In the mythologies of highly complex cultures , the supreme being tends to disappear completely , replaced by a strongly polytheistic belief system ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6254870906501970705","input":"what is the difference between new world monkeys and old world monkeys","passages":[{"title":"New World monkey","text":"About 40 million years ago , the Simiiformes infraorder split into the parvorders Platyrrhini ( New World monkeys -- in South America ) and Catarrhini ( apes and Old World monkeys -- in Africa ) . The individuals whose descendents would become Platyrrhini are currently conjectured to have migrated to South America either on a raft of vegetation or via a land bridge . There are two possible rafting routes , either across the Atlantic Ocean from Africa or across the Caribbean from North America ; however , there is no fossil record to support the hypothesis of a migration from North America . The land bridge hypothesis relies on the existence of Atlantic Ocean ridges and a fall in the sea level in the Oligocene . This would have either produced a single land bridge or a series of mid-Atlantic islands to act as stepping stones for the migration . The latter is now the favorite choice .","sentences":["About 40 million years ago , the Simiiformes infraorder split into the parvorders Platyrrhini ( New World monkeys -- in South America ) and Catarrhini ( apes and Old World monkeys -- in Africa ) .","The individuals whose descendents would become Platyrrhini are currently conjectured to have migrated to South America either on a raft of vegetation or via a land bridge .","There are two possible rafting routes , either across the Atlantic Ocean from Africa or across the Caribbean from North America ; however , there is no fossil record to support the hypothesis of a migration from North America .","The land bridge hypothesis relies on the existence of Atlantic Ocean ridges and a fall in the sea level in the Oligocene .","This would have either produced a single land bridge or a series of mid-Atlantic islands to act as stepping stones for the migration .","The latter is now the favorite choice ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5362981950386470778","input":"strike back retribution series 6 episode 7 cast","passages":[{"title":"Strike Back: Retribution","text":"Section 20 learn the arms dealer 's identity from Khaleed ; Morgan Ives . The team are sent to a local town where they find Ives ' helicopter shot down after the deal was made with Idrissi . Though Ives survives , the team find themselves surrounded by insurgents , with more on the way and rescue delayed by a sandstorm . They procure a vehicle , but Ives is shot during the escape . They make their way to the same army base where Wyatt was held . Wyatt manages to convince the general to help them by appealing to the general 's Bedouin culture . After Ives is treated , he reveals he sold Idrissi 50 stinger missiles , which has a tracking device on them , leading them to the Nafusa Mountains . During the raid in the compound , Lowry allows herself to captured , only to escape from Novin and Reynolds later . The rest escape the compound before the Americans destroy the base with a `` bunker buster '' , along with Idrissi and the missiles . Lowry is later spotted in Budapest meeting with far - right group Magyar Ultra .","sentences":["Section 20 learn the arms dealer 's identity from Khaleed ; Morgan Ives .","The team are sent to a local town where they find Ives ' helicopter shot down after the deal was made with Idrissi .","Though Ives survives , the team find themselves surrounded by insurgents , with more on the way and rescue delayed by a sandstorm .","They procure a vehicle , but Ives is shot during the escape .","They make their way to the same army base where Wyatt was held .","Wyatt manages to convince the general to help them by appealing to the general 's Bedouin culture .","After Ives is treated , he reveals he sold Idrissi 50 stinger missiles , which has a tracking device on them , leading them to the Nafusa Mountains .","During the raid in the compound , Lowry allows herself to captured , only to escape from Novin and Reynolds later .","The rest escape the compound before the Americans destroy the base with a `` bunker buster '' , along with Idrissi and the missiles .","Lowry is later spotted in Budapest meeting with far - right group Magyar Ultra ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-169309413277329030","input":"why did m\u0101ori want a treaty with the british","passages":[{"title":"Treaty of Waitangi","text":"KO WIKITORIA te Kuini o Ingarani i tana mahara atawai ki nga Rangatira me nga Hapu o Nu Tirani i tana hiahia hoki kia tohungia ki a ratou o ratou rangatiratanga me to ratou wenua , a kia mau tonu hoki te Rongo ki a ratou me te Atanoho hoki kua wakaaro ia he mea tika kia tukua mai tetahi Rangatira -- hei kai wakarite ki nga Tangata maori o Nu Tirani -- kia wakaaetia e nga Rangatira Maori te Kawanatanga o te Kuini ki nga wahikatoa o te wenua nei me nga motu -- na te mea hoki he tokomaha ke nga tangata o tona Iwi Kua noho ki tenei wenua , ae haere mai nei .","sentences":["KO WIKITORIA te Kuini o","Ingarani i tana mahara atawai ki nga Rangatira me nga Hapu o","Nu Tirani i tana hiahia hoki kia tohungia ki a ratou o ratou rangatiratanga me to ratou wenua , a kia mau tonu hoki te Rongo ki a ratou me te Atanoho hoki kua wakaaro ia he mea tika kia tukua mai tetahi Rangatira -- hei kai wakarite ki nga Tangata maori o Nu Tirani -- kia wakaaetia e nga Rangatira Maori te","Kawanatanga o te Kuini ki nga wahikatoa o","te wenua nei me nga motu -- na te mea hoki","he tokomaha ke nga tangata o tona Iwi Kua noho ki tenei wenua , ae haere mai nei ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4264080809021345113","input":"where does all the natural variation necessary for natural selection come from","passages":[{"title":"Natural selection","text":"The concept of fitness is central to natural selection . In broad terms , individuals that are more `` fit '' have better potential for survival , as in the well - known phrase `` survival of the fittest '' , but the precise meaning of the term is much more subtle . Modern evolutionary theory defines fitness not by how long an organism lives , but by how successful it is at reproducing . If an organism lives half as long as others of its species , but has twice as many offspring surviving to adulthood , its genes become more common in the adult population of the next generation . Though natural selection acts on individuals , the effects of chance mean that fitness can only really be defined `` on average '' for the individuals within a population . The fitness of a particular genotype corresponds to the average effect on all individuals with that genotype .","sentences":["The concept of fitness is central to natural selection .","In broad terms , individuals that are more `` fit '' have better potential for survival , as in the well - known phrase `` survival of the fittest '' , but the precise meaning of the term is much more subtle .","Modern evolutionary theory defines fitness not by how long an organism lives , but by how successful it is at reproducing .","If an organism lives half as long as others of its species , but has twice as many offspring surviving to adulthood , its genes become more common in the adult population of the next generation .","Though natural selection acts on individuals , the effects of chance mean that fitness can only really be defined `` on average '' for the individuals within a population .","The fitness of a particular genotype corresponds to the average effect on all individuals with that genotype ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2671393182669890491","input":"how old was christina aguilera when she made the movie burlesque","passages":[{"title":"Christina Aguilera","text":"Aguilera mentions Whitney Houston as another influence , having performed many of her songs in her early years during talent shows . She also cites Mariah Carey and Celine Dion as an inspiration , and covered the latter 's songs : `` These Are the Special Times '' on My Kind of Christmas , and `` The Prayer '' on the NBC reality singing competition The Voice . Aguilera 's debut album producer Ron Harris revealed that Aguilera during her recording sessions for Christina Aguilera would constantly listen Brandy 's music , studying and trying to replicate her adlibs . According to author Pier Dominguez of the book Christina Aguilera : A Star is Made , Aguilera stated that Carey and her debut single , `` Vision of Love '' ( 1990 ) , had the biggest influence on her vocal style . Aguilera points out the musical film The Sound of Music and its lead actress , Julie Andrews , as her first inspiration for singing and performing . At the age of six , the film helped Aguilera cope with her violent childhood , `` Bad things happened in my home ; there was violence . The Sound of Music looked like a form of release . '' Aguilera credits Madonna and Janet Jackson as two biggest inspirations for her image , `` for being re-inventive and being brave as strong females , to explore whatever , even if they do get bad press . It 's just like they were fearless . '' During the promotion of Back to Basics , her image was also inspired by the `` Golden age of Hollywood '' actresses including Marlene Dietrich , Marilyn Monroe , Carole Lombard , Greta Garbo and Veronica Lake . Aguilera is also inspired by her Burlesque co-star , Cher : `` I have always had tremendous respect for her . She is a woman who did everything before anyone else did it . She is an icon and she inspired me through some of my career . We 've had similar costumes too ! ''","sentences":["Aguilera mentions Whitney Houston as another influence , having performed many of her songs in her early years during talent shows .","She also cites Mariah Carey and Celine Dion as an inspiration , and covered the latter 's songs : `` These Are the Special Times '' on My Kind of Christmas , and `` The Prayer '' on the NBC reality singing competition The Voice .","Aguilera 's debut album producer Ron Harris revealed that Aguilera during her recording sessions for Christina Aguilera would constantly listen Brandy 's music , studying and trying to replicate her adlibs .","According to author Pier Dominguez of the book Christina Aguilera : A Star is Made , Aguilera stated that Carey and her debut single , `` Vision of Love '' ( 1990 ) , had the biggest influence on her vocal style .","Aguilera points out the musical film The Sound of Music and its lead actress , Julie Andrews , as her first inspiration for singing and performing .","At the age of six , the film helped Aguilera cope with her violent childhood , `` Bad things happened in my home ; there was violence .","The Sound of Music looked like a form of release . ''","Aguilera credits Madonna and Janet Jackson as two biggest inspirations for her image , `` for being re-inventive and being brave as strong females , to explore whatever , even if they do get bad press .","It 's just like they were fearless . ''","During the promotion of Back to Basics , her image was also inspired by the `` Golden age of Hollywood '' actresses including Marlene Dietrich , Marilyn Monroe , Carole Lombard , Greta Garbo and Veronica Lake .","Aguilera is also inspired by her Burlesque co-star , Cher : `` I have always had tremendous respect for her .","She is a woman who did everything before anyone else did it .","She is an icon and she inspired me through some of my career .","We 've had similar costumes too ! ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3474827291946285457","input":"when was the great pyramid of giza discovered","passages":[{"title":"Great Pyramid of Giza","text":"The completed design dimensions , as suggested by Petrie 's survey and subsequent studies , are estimated to have originally been 280 Egyptian Royal cubits high by 440 cubits long at each of the four sides of its base . The ratio of the perimeter to height of 1760 \/ 280 Egyptian Royal cubits equates to 2 \u03c0 to an accuracy of better than 0.05 percent ( corresponding to the well - known approximation of \u03c0 as 22 \/ 7 ) . Some Egyptologists consider this to have been the result of deliberate design proportion . Verner wrote , `` We can conclude that although the ancient Egyptians could not precisely define the value of \u03c0 , in practice they used it '' . Petrie , author of Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh concluded : `` but these relations of areas and of circular ratio are so systematic that we should grant that they were in the builder 's design '' . Others have argued that the Ancient Egyptians had no concept of pi and would not have thought to encode it in their monuments . They believe that the observed pyramid slope may be based on a simple seked slope choice alone , with no regard to the overall size and proportions of the finished building . In 2013 , rolls of papyrus called the Diary of Merer were discovered written by some of those who delivered limestone and other construction materials from Tora to Giza .","sentences":["The completed design dimensions , as suggested by Petrie 's survey and subsequent studies , are estimated to have originally been 280 Egyptian Royal cubits high by 440 cubits long at each of the four sides of its base .","The ratio of the perimeter to height of 1760 \/ 280 Egyptian Royal cubits equates to 2 \u03c0 to an accuracy of better than 0.05 percent ( corresponding to the well - known approximation of \u03c0 as 22 \/ 7 ) .","Some Egyptologists consider this to have been the result of deliberate design proportion .","Verner wrote , `` We can conclude that although the ancient Egyptians could not precisely define the value of \u03c0 , in practice they used it '' .","Petrie , author of Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh concluded : `` but these relations of areas and of circular ratio are so systematic that we should grant that they were in the builder 's design '' .","Others have argued that the Ancient Egyptians had no concept of pi and would not have thought to encode it in their monuments .","They believe that the observed pyramid slope may be based on a simple seked slope choice alone , with no regard to the overall size and proportions of the finished building .","In 2013 , rolls of papyrus called the Diary of Merer were discovered written by some of those who delivered limestone and other construction materials from Tora to Giza ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4251924938076506017","input":"why is the process of chemiosmosis also called a proton motive force","passages":[{"title":"Chemiosmosis","text":"\u0394 \u03bc H + = F \u0394 \u03c8 + R T ln \u2061 ( H + ) N ( H + ) P = F \u0394 \u03c8 \u2212 ( ln \u2061 10 ) R T \u0394 p H ( \\ displaystyle \\ Delta \\ ! \\ mu _ ( \\ mathrm ( H ) ^ ( + ) ) = F \\ Delta \\ ! \\ psi + RT \\ ln ( \\ frac ( ( \\ mathrm ( H ) ^ ( + ) ) _ ( \\ text ( N ) ) ) ( ( \\ mathrm ( H ) ^ ( + ) ) _ ( \\ text ( P ) ) ) ) = F \\ Delta \\ ! \\ psi - ( \\ ln 10 ) RT \\ Delta \\ mathrm ( pH ) ) A","sentences":["\u0394 \u03bc H + = F \u0394 \u03c8 + R T ln \u2061 ( H + )","N ( H + )","P = F \u0394 \u03c8","\u2212 ( ln \u2061 10 ) R T \u0394 p H ( \\ displaystyle \\ Delta \\ !","\\ mu _","( \\ mathrm ( H ) ^","( + ) )","= F \\ Delta \\ !","\\ psi + RT \\","ln ( \\ frac ( ( \\ mathrm ( H ) ^","( + ) )","_","( \\ text ( N ) ) )","( ( \\ mathrm ( H ) ^","( + ) )","_","( \\ text ( P ) ) ) )","= F \\ Delta \\ !","\\ psi - ( \\ ln 10 ) RT \\ Delta \\ mathrm ( pH ) )","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6056655697235798546","input":"what are the key provisions of the affordable care act","passages":[{"title":"Provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act","text":"a. ^ Note : The 2014 FPL is $11,670 for a single person and about $23,850 for family of four . See Subsidy Calculator for specific dollar amount . b. ^ DHHS and CBO estimate the average annual premium cost in 2014 will be $11,328 for a family of 4 without the reform .","sentences":["a. ^","Note :","The 2014 FPL is $11,670 for a single person and about $23,850 for family of four .","See Subsidy Calculator for specific dollar amount .","b. ^","DHHS and CBO estimate the average annual premium cost in 2014 will be $11,328 for a family of 4 without the reform ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2406339712411128266","input":"explain what causes a dying star to expand to a red giant","passages":[{"title":"Red giant","text":"Red giants are evolved from main - sequence stars with masses in the range from about 0.3 M to around 8 M . When a star initially forms from a collapsing molecular cloud in the interstellar medium , it contains primarily hydrogen and helium , with trace amounts of `` metals '' ( in stellar structure , this simply refers to any element that is not hydrogen or helium i.e. atomic number greater than 2 ) . These elements are all uniformly mixed throughout the star . The star reaches the main sequence when the core reaches a temperature high enough to begin fusing hydrogen ( a few million kelvin ) and establishes hydrostatic equilibrium . Over its main sequence life , the star slowly converts the hydrogen in the core into helium ; its main - sequence life ends when nearly all the hydrogen in the core has been fused . For the Sun , the main - sequence lifetime is approximately 10 billion years . More - massive stars burn disproportionately faster and so have a shorter lifetime than less massive stars .","sentences":["Red giants are evolved from main - sequence stars with masses in the range from about 0.3 M to around 8 M .","When a star initially forms from a collapsing molecular cloud in the interstellar medium , it contains primarily hydrogen and helium , with trace amounts of `` metals '' ( in stellar structure , this simply refers to any element that is not hydrogen or helium i.e. atomic number greater than 2 ) .","These elements are all uniformly mixed throughout the star .","The star reaches the main sequence when the core reaches a temperature high enough to begin fusing hydrogen ( a few million kelvin ) and establishes hydrostatic equilibrium .","Over its main sequence life , the star slowly converts the hydrogen in the core into helium ; its main - sequence life ends when nearly all the hydrogen in the core has been fused .","For the Sun , the main - sequence lifetime is approximately 10 billion years .","More - massive stars burn disproportionately faster and so have a shorter lifetime than less massive stars ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1317570236944246590","input":"who starred in the curious case of benjamin button","passages":[{"title":"The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)","text":"Benjamin learns to walk in 1925 , after which he uses crutches in place of a wheelchair . On Thanksgiving 1930 , Benjamin meets seven - year - old Daisy , whose grandmother lives in the nursing home . He and Daisy become good friends . Later , he accepts work on a tugboat captained by Mike Clark . Benjamin also meets Thomas Button , who does not reveal that he is Benjamin 's father . In Autumn 1936 , Benjamin leaves New Orleans for a long - term work engagement with the tugboat crew ; Daisy later is accepted into a dance company in New York City under choreographer George Balanchine .","sentences":["Benjamin learns to walk in 1925 , after which he uses crutches in place of a wheelchair .","On Thanksgiving 1930 , Benjamin meets seven - year - old Daisy , whose grandmother lives in the nursing home .","He and Daisy become good friends .","Later , he accepts work on a tugboat captained by Mike Clark .","Benjamin also meets Thomas Button , who does not reveal that he is Benjamin 's father .","In Autumn 1936 , Benjamin leaves New Orleans for a long - term work engagement with the tugboat crew ; Daisy later is accepted into a dance company in New York City under choreographer George Balanchine ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6867898439965736199","input":"where do we get drinking water in uae","passages":[{"title":"Water supply and sanitation in Abu Dhabi","text":"Policy . Abu Dhabi is ruled by a Sheikh . Below him is an Executive Council taking care of day - to - day policy - making . The Council is chaired by the Crown Prince . The Chairmen of four Departments and a number of Authorities are members of the Executive Council . The government structure is not comparable to the Western structure of Ministries and separate technical authorities under those Ministries . Authorities in Abu Dhabi are rather comparable to Ministries . Water supply and sanitation in Abu Dhabi is the responsibility of the Abu Dhabi Water & Electricity Authority ( ADWEA ) . As mentioned above , the Chairman of ADWEA is a member of the Executive Council and holds the rank of a Minister .","sentences":["Policy .","Abu Dhabi is ruled by a Sheikh .","Below him is an Executive Council taking care of day - to - day policy - making .","The Council is chaired by the Crown Prince .","The Chairmen of four Departments and a number of Authorities are members of the Executive Council .","The government structure is not comparable to the Western structure of Ministries and separate technical authorities under those Ministries .","Authorities in Abu Dhabi are rather comparable to Ministries .","Water supply and sanitation in Abu Dhabi is the responsibility of the Abu Dhabi Water & Electricity Authority ( ADWEA ) .","As mentioned above , the Chairman of ADWEA is a member of the Executive Council and holds the rank of a Minister ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7348286938674524981","input":"who regulates the amount of pollution emitted into the environment","passages":[{"title":"Environmental policy of the United States","text":"During the Carter administration , the United States undertook a risk - averse policy , acting through the EPA and Council on Environmental Quality ( CEQ ) to research and control the pollutants suspected to cause acid deposition even in the face of scientific uncertainty . The Reagan administration was more risk tolerant . It argued that , given the scientific uncertainties about harm and exposure levels , new expenditures should not be undertaken that would curtail energy security and economic growth . During George H.W. Bush 's presidential campaign , he called for new Clean Air Act legislation to curtail sulfur - and nitrogen - dioxide emissions . In 1990 , after he was elected , amendments to the Clean Air Act were finally passed that cut emissions by over 12 million tons per year , set up a market - like system of emissions trading , and set a cap on emissions for the year 2000 . These goals were achieved to some degree by the installation of industrial scrubbers .","sentences":["During the Carter administration , the United States undertook a risk - averse policy , acting through the EPA and Council on Environmental Quality ( CEQ ) to research and control the pollutants suspected to cause acid deposition even in the face of scientific uncertainty .","The Reagan administration was more risk tolerant .","It argued that , given the scientific uncertainties about harm and exposure levels , new expenditures should not be undertaken that would curtail energy security and economic growth .","During George H.W. Bush 's presidential campaign , he called for new Clean Air Act legislation to curtail sulfur - and nitrogen - dioxide emissions .","In 1990 , after he was elected , amendments to the Clean Air Act were finally passed that cut emissions by over 12 million tons per year , set up a market - like system of emissions trading , and set a cap on emissions for the year 2000 .","These goals were achieved to some degree by the installation of industrial scrubbers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9156884088972545407","input":"maryland was the only southern colony founded for religious reasons","passages":[{"title":"History of Maryland","text":"In 1896 , a biracial Republican coalition gained election of Lloyd Lowndes , Jr. as governor , and also achieved election of some Republican congressmen , including Sydney Emanuel Mudd , after Democratic dominance . Over the next several decades , the African - American population struggled in a discriminatory environment . The Democrat - dominated legislature tried to pass disfranchising bills in 1905 , 1907 , and 1911 , but was rebuffed on each occasion , in large part because of black opposition and strength . Blacks comprised 20 % of the electorate and had established themselves in several cities , where they had comparative security . In addition , immigrants comprised 15 % of the voting population and opposed these measures . The legislature had difficulty devising requirements against blacks that did not also disadvantage immigrants .","sentences":["In 1896 , a biracial Republican coalition gained election of Lloyd Lowndes , Jr. as governor , and also achieved election of some Republican congressmen , including Sydney Emanuel Mudd , after Democratic dominance .","Over the next several decades , the African - American population struggled in a discriminatory environment .","The Democrat - dominated legislature tried to pass disfranchising bills in 1905 , 1907 , and 1911 , but was rebuffed on each occasion , in large part because of black opposition and strength .","Blacks comprised 20 % of the electorate and had established themselves in several cities , where they had comparative security .","In addition , immigrants comprised 15 % of the voting population and opposed these measures .","The legislature had difficulty devising requirements against blacks that did not also disadvantage immigrants ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4944846922190395686","input":"what were the origins and causes of the third balkan war","passages":[{"title":"Balkan Wars","text":"Though the Balkan allies had fought together against the common enemy , that was not enough to overcome their mutual rivalries . In the original document for the Balkans league , Serbia promised Bulgaria most of Macedonia . But before the first war come to an end , Serbia ( in violation of the previous agreement ) and Greece revealed their plan to keep possession of the territories that their forces had occupied . This act prompted the tsar of Bulgaria to invade his allies . The Second Balkan War broke out on 29 ( 16 ) June 1913 when Bulgaria attacked its erstwhile allies in the First Balkan War , Serbia and Greece , while Montenegro and the Ottoman Empire intervened later against Bulgaria , with Romania attacking Bulgaria from the north . When the Greek army entered Thessaloniki in the First Balkan War ahead of the Bulgarian 7th division by only a day , they were asked to allow a Bulgarian battalion to enter the city . Greece accepted in exchange for allowing a Greek unit to enter the city of Serres .","sentences":["Though the Balkan allies had fought together against the common enemy , that was not enough to overcome their mutual rivalries .","In the original document for the Balkans league , Serbia promised Bulgaria most of Macedonia .","But before the first war come to an end , Serbia ( in violation of the previous agreement ) and Greece revealed their plan to keep possession of the territories that their forces had occupied .","This act prompted the tsar of Bulgaria to invade his allies .","The Second Balkan War broke out on 29 ( 16 ) June 1913 when Bulgaria attacked its erstwhile allies in the First Balkan War , Serbia and Greece , while Montenegro and the Ottoman Empire intervened later against Bulgaria , with Romania attacking Bulgaria from the north .","When the Greek army entered Thessaloniki in the First Balkan War ahead of the Bulgarian 7th division by only a day , they were asked to allow a Bulgarian battalion to enter the city .","Greece accepted in exchange for allowing a Greek unit to enter the city of Serres ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5046063655925265138","input":"what is the direction of the object's velocity as it moves along a circular path","passages":[{"title":"Circular motion","text":"a = v  \u0307 = i \u03c9  \u0307 z + i \u03c9 z  \u0307 = ( i \u03c9  \u0307 \u2212 \u03c9 2 ) z = ( i \u03c9  \u0307 \u2212 \u03c9 2 ) R e i \u03b8 ( t ) = \u2212 \u03c9 2 R e i \u03b8 ( t ) + \u03c9  \u0307 e i \u03c0 2 R e i \u03b8 ( t ) . ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ begin ( aligned ) a& = ( \\ dot ( v ) ) = i ( \\ dot ( \\ omega ) ) z + i \\ omega ( \\ dot ( z ) ) = \\ left ( i ( \\ dot ( \\ omega ) ) - \\ omega ^ ( 2 ) \\ right ) z \\ \\ & = \\ left ( i ( \\ dot ( \\ omega ) ) - \\ omega ^ ( 2 ) \\ right ) Re ^ ( i \\ theta ( t ) ) \\ \\ & = - \\ omega ^ ( 2 ) Re ^ ( i \\ theta ( t ) ) + ( \\ dot ( \\ omega ) ) e ^ ( i ( \\ frac ( \\ pi ) ( 2 ) ) ) Re ^ ( i \\ theta ( t ) ) \\ . \\ end ( aligned ) ) )","sentences":["a = v  \u0307 = i \u03c9  \u0307 z","+ i \u03c9 z  \u0307 = ( i \u03c9  \u0307 \u2212 \u03c9 2 ) z","= ( i \u03c9  \u0307 \u2212 \u03c9 2 ) R e","i \u03b8 ( t ) = \u2212 \u03c9 2 R e","i \u03b8 ( t )","+ \u03c9  \u0307 e","i \u03c0 2 R e","i \u03b8 ( t ) .","( \\ displaystyle ( \\ begin ( aligned ) a& = ( \\ dot ( v ) )","= i ( \\ dot ( \\ omega ) )","z","+ i \\ omega ( \\ dot ( z ) )","= \\ left ( i ( \\ dot ( \\ omega ) ) -","\\ omega ^","( 2 ) \\ right )","z \\ \\ & = \\ left ( i ( \\ dot ( \\ omega ) )","- \\ omega ^","( 2 ) \\ right ) Re ^ ( i \\ theta ( t ) )","\\ \\ & = - \\ omega ^","( 2 ) Re ^","( i \\ theta ( t ) )","+ ( \\ dot ( \\ omega ) )","e ^","( i ( \\ frac ( \\ pi )","( 2 ) ) )","Re ^ ( i \\ theta ( t ) )","\\ .","\\ end ( aligned ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9217385055365775951","input":"the laterite soil is found in which of the following districts of maharashtra","passages":[{"title":"Geography of Maharashtra","text":"Except around Mumbai , and along the eastern limits , the State of Maharashtra presents a monotonously uniform , flat - topped skyline . This topography of the state is the outcome of its geological structure . The state area , barring the extreme eastern Vidarbha region , parts of Kolhapur and Sindhudurg , is practically co-terminous with the Deccan Traps . Roughly 60 to 90 million years ago , the outpouring of basic lava through fissures formed horizontally bedded basalt over large areas . Variations in their composition and structure have resulted in massive , well - jointed steel - grey cliff faces alternating with structural benches of vesicular amygdaloid lava and ash layers , all of which contribute to the pyramida - shaped hills and crest - level plateaux or mesas . Earth sculpturing under the tropical climate completed the panorama - sharply defining the landform features in the semi-arid conditions , and rounding the hilltops under water condition . Fluvial action by the Krishna , Bhima , Godavari , Tapi - Purna and Wardha - Wainganga river systems has further aided in the compartmentalisation of the Desh into broad , open river valleys , alternating with plateau interfluves , that form the ribs of the Sahyadrian backbone . In sharp contrast , the hill torrents of the Konkan , barely a 100 km long , tumble down as roaring streams which flow in deeply entrenched valleys to terminate in tidal estuaries. Apart from mainly occurring rock Basalt ; other rocks like - Laterites are found in coastal humid and tropical region . Granite , Granite gneiss , Quartzite , Conglomerates are found exposed in the basement regions of Konkan rivers . Nanded is another region where pink Granites are found . Maharashtra is having rich ore deposits . Kamti of Nagpur region is famous for Coal deposits of Gondwana .","sentences":["Except around Mumbai , and along the eastern limits , the State of Maharashtra presents a monotonously uniform , flat - topped skyline .","This topography of the state is the outcome of its geological structure .","The state area , barring the extreme eastern Vidarbha region , parts of Kolhapur and Sindhudurg , is practically co-terminous with the Deccan Traps .","Roughly 60 to 90 million years ago , the outpouring of basic lava through fissures formed horizontally bedded basalt over large areas .","Variations in their composition and structure have resulted in massive , well - jointed steel - grey cliff faces alternating with structural benches of vesicular amygdaloid lava and ash layers , all of which contribute to the pyramida - shaped hills and crest - level plateaux or mesas .","Earth sculpturing under the tropical climate completed the panorama - sharply defining the landform features in the semi-arid conditions , and rounding the hilltops under water condition .","Fluvial action by the Krishna , Bhima , Godavari , Tapi - Purna and Wardha - Wainganga river systems has further aided in the compartmentalisation of the Desh into broad , open river valleys , alternating with plateau interfluves , that form the ribs of the Sahyadrian backbone .","In sharp contrast , the hill torrents of the Konkan , barely a 100 km long , tumble down as roaring streams which flow in deeply entrenched valleys to terminate in tidal estuaries.","Apart from mainly occurring rock Basalt ; other rocks like - Laterites are found in coastal humid and tropical region .","Granite , Granite gneiss , Quartzite , Conglomerates are found exposed in the basement regions of Konkan rivers .","Nanded is another region where pink Granites are found .","Maharashtra is having rich ore deposits .","Kamti of Nagpur region is famous for Coal deposits of Gondwana ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"86999078090705130","input":"when is mating season for red tail hawks","passages":[{"title":"Red-tailed hawk","text":"As is the case with many raptors , the red - tailed hawk displays sexual dimorphism in size , as females are up to 25 % larger than males . As is typical in large raptors , frequently reported mean body mass for Red - tailed Hawks are somewhat higher than expansive research reveals . Part of this weight is highly seasonally variable and due to clinal variation , male red - tailed hawks may weigh from 690 to 1,300 g ( 1.52 to 2.87 lb ) and in females between 900 and 2,000 g ( 2.0 and 4.4 lb ) . However , research from nine studies occurring at migration sites in the United States and two breeding studies , one from the smallest race in Puerto Rico , the other from larger races in Wisconsin show that males weigh a mean of 837 g ( 1.845 lb ) and females weigh a mean of 1,040.7 g ( 2.294 lb ) , about 15 % lighter than prior species - wide published weights . The heaviest surveyed weights came from migrants in Cape May , New Jersey , where females weighed a mean of 1,278 g ( 2.818 lb ) , males a mean of 990.8 g ( 2.184 lb ) . The lightest were from the breeding population in forest openings of Puerto Rico , where the females and males weighed an average of 1,023 g ( 2.255 lb ) and 795 g ( 1.753 lb ) , respectively , also the highest size sexual dimorphism in the species . Size variation in body mass reveals that the red - tailed hawks typically varies only a modest amount , racial variation in average weights of great horned owls show that mean body mass is nearly twice ( the heaviest race is about 36 % heavier than the lightest known race on average ) as variable as that of the hawk ( where the heaviest race is only just over 18 % heavier on average than the lightest ) . Males can reportedly measure 45 to 60 cm ( 18 to 24 in ) in total length , females measuring 48 to 65 cm ( 19 to 26 in ) long . The wingspan can range from 105 to 141 cm ( 41 to 56 in ) and , in the standard scientific method of measuring wing size , the wing chord is 325.1 -- 444.5 mm ( 12.80 -- 17.50 in ) long . The tail measures 188 to 258.7 mm ( 7.40 to 10.19 in ) in length . The exposed culmen was reported to range from 21.7 to 30.2 mm ( 0.85 to 1.19 in ) and the tarsus averaged 74.7 -- 95.8 mm ( 2.94 -- 3.77 in ) . The middle toe ( excluding talon ) can range from 38.3 to 53.8 mm ( 1.51 to 2.12 in ) , with the hallux - claw ( the talon of the rear toe , which has evolved to be the largest in accipitrids ) measuring from 24.1 to 33.6 mm ( 0.95 to 1.32 in ) in length . Characteristic","sentences":["As is the case with many raptors , the red - tailed hawk displays sexual dimorphism in size , as females are up to 25 % larger than males .","As is typical in large raptors , frequently reported mean body mass for Red - tailed Hawks are somewhat higher than expansive research reveals .","Part of this weight is highly seasonally variable and due to clinal variation , male red - tailed hawks may weigh from 690 to 1,300 g ( 1.52 to 2.87 lb ) and in females between 900 and 2,000 g ( 2.0 and 4.4 lb ) .","However , research from nine studies occurring at migration sites in the United States and two breeding studies , one from the smallest race in Puerto Rico , the other from larger races in Wisconsin show that males weigh a mean of 837 g ( 1.845 lb ) and females weigh a mean of 1,040.7 g ( 2.294 lb ) , about 15 % lighter than prior species - wide published weights .","The heaviest surveyed weights came from migrants in Cape May , New Jersey , where females weighed a mean of 1,278 g ( 2.818 lb ) , males a mean of 990.8 g ( 2.184 lb ) .","The lightest were from the breeding population in forest openings of Puerto Rico , where the females and males weighed an average of 1,023 g ( 2.255 lb ) and 795 g ( 1.753 lb ) , respectively , also the highest size sexual dimorphism in the species .","Size variation in body mass reveals that the red - tailed hawks typically varies only a modest amount , racial variation in average weights of great horned owls show that mean body mass is nearly twice ( the heaviest race is about 36 % heavier than the lightest known race on average ) as variable as that of the hawk ( where the heaviest race is only just over 18 % heavier on average than the lightest ) .","Males can reportedly measure 45 to 60 cm ( 18 to 24 in ) in total length , females measuring 48 to 65 cm ( 19 to 26 in ) long .","The wingspan can range from 105 to 141 cm ( 41 to 56 in ) and , in the standard scientific method of measuring wing size , the wing chord is 325.1 -- 444.5 mm ( 12.80 -- 17.50 in ) long .","The tail measures 188 to 258.7 mm ( 7.40 to 10.19 in ) in length .","The exposed culmen was reported to range from 21.7 to 30.2 mm ( 0.85 to 1.19 in ) and the tarsus averaged 74.7 -- 95.8 mm ( 2.94 -- 3.77 in ) .","The middle toe ( excluding talon ) can range from 38.3 to 53.8 mm ( 1.51 to 2.12 in ) , with the hallux - claw ( the talon of the rear toe , which has evolved to be the largest in accipitrids ) measuring from 24.1 to 33.6 mm ( 0.95 to 1.32 in ) in length .","Characteristic"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6353724253863717372","input":"when did microsoft launch its own search engine","passages":[{"title":"Timeline of web search engines","text":"Year Month and date ( if available ) Event type Event Pre-web search engine The Archie search engine , created by Alan Emtage , Bill Heelan and J. Peter Deutsch , computer science students at McGill University in Montreal , goes live . The program downloads the directory listings of all the files located on public anonymous FTP ( File Transfer Protocol ) sites , creates a searchable database of a lot of file names ; however , Archie does not index the contents of these sites since the amount of data is so limited it can be readily searched manually . 1991 Pre-web search engine The rise of Gopher ( created in 1991 by Mark McCahill at the University of Minnesota ) leads to two new search programs , Veronica and Jughead . Like Archie , they search the file names and titles stored in Gopher index systems . Veronica ( Very Easy Rodent - Oriented Net - wide Index to Computerized Archives ) provides a keyword search of most Gopher menu titles in the entire Gopher listings . Jughead ( Jonzy 's Universal Gopher Hierarchy Excavation And Display ) is a tool for obtaining menu information from specific Gopher servers . While the name of the search engine `` Archie '' was not a reference to the Archie comic book series , `` Veronica '' and `` Jughead '' are characters in the series , thus referencing their predecessor . Virtual library of the web Timothy Berners - Lee sets up the Virtual Library ( VLib ) , a loose confederation of topical experts maintaining relevant topical link lists . 1993 June First web robot Matthew Gray produces the first known web robot , the Perl - based World Wide Web Wanderer , and uses it to generate an index of the web called the Wandex . However , the World Wide Web Wanderer is intended only to measure the size of the web rather than to facilitate search . 1993 September 2 First web search engine W3Catalog , written by Oscar Nierstrasz at the University of Geneva , is released to the world . It is the world 's first web search engine . It does not rely on a crawler and indexer but rather on already existing high - quality lists of websites . One of its main drawbacks is that the bot accesses each page hundreds of times each day , causing performance degradation . 1993 October \/ November Second web search engine Aliweb , a web search engine created by Martijn Koster , is announced . It does not use a web robot , but instead depends on being notified by website administrators of the existence at each site of an index file in a particular format . The absence of a bot means that less bandwidth is used ; however , most website administrators are not aware of the need to submit their data . 1993 December First web search engine to use a crawler and indexer JumpStation , created by Jonathon Fletcher , is released . It is the first WWW resource - discovery tool to combine the three essential features of a web search engine ( crawling , indexing , and searching ) . 1994 January New web search engine Infoseek is launched . 1994 January Web search engine supporting natural language queries Altavista is launched . This is a first among web search engines in many ways : it has unlimited bandwidth , allows natural language queries , has search tips , and allows people to add or delete their domains in 24 hours . 1994 March New web search engine The World - Wide Web Worm is released . It is claimed to have been created in September 1993 , at which time there did not exist any crawler - based search engine , but it is not the earliest at the time of its actual release . It supports Perl - based regular expressions . 1994 April 20 New web search engine The WebCrawler search engine , created by Brian Pinkerton at the University of Washington , is released . Unlike its predecessors , it allows users to search for any word in any webpage , which has become the standard for all major search engines since . 1994 April New web directory Yahoo ! launches its web directory . Yahoo ! would not build its own web search engine until 2002 , relying until then on outsourcing the search function to other companies . 1994 July New web search engine Lycos , a web search engine , is released . It began as a research project by Michael Loren Mauldin of Carnegie Mellon University 's main Pittsburgh campus . 1995 New web directory LookSmart is released . It competes with Yahoo ! as a web directory , and the competition makes both directories more inclusive . January -- March New web search engine Larry Page and Sergey Brin begin working on BackRub , the predecessor to Google Search . The crawler begins activity in March . May New web search engine Inktomi releases its HotBot search engine . 1997 April New natural language - based web search engine Ask Jeeves , a natural language web search engine , that aims to rank links by popularity , is released . It would later become Ask.com . 1998 July -- September New web search portal MSN launches a search portal called MSN Search , using search results from Inktomi . After many changes to the backend search engine , MSN would start developing in - house search technology in 2005 , and later change its name to Bing in June 2009 . 1997 September 15 New web search engine The domain Google.com is registered . Soon , Google Search is available to the public from this domain ( around 1998 ) . 1997 September 23 New web search engine ( non-English ) Arkady Volozh and Ilya Segalovich launch their Russian web search engine yandex.ru and publicly present it at the Softool exhibition in Moscow . The initial development is by Comptek ; Yandex would become a separate company in 2000 . 1998 June 5 New web directory Gnuhoo , a web directory project by Rich Skrenta and Bob Truel , both employees of Sun Microsystems , launches . It would later be renamed the Open Directory Project . 1999 May New web search engine AlltheWeb , based on the Ph. D. thesis of Tor Egge at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology , titled FTP Search , launches . The engine is launched by Egge 's company Fast Search & Transfer , established on July 16 , 1997 . 2000 January 1 New web search portal Baidu , a Chinese company that would grow to provide many search - related services , launches . 2002 - 3 Web search business consolidation Yahoo ! buys Inktomi ( 2002 ) and then Overture Services Inc. ( 2003 ) which has already bought AlltheWeb and Altavista . Starting 2003 , Yahoo ! starts using its own Yahoo Slurp web crawler to power Yahoo ! Search . Yahoo ! Search combines the technologies of all Yahoo ! 's acquisitions ( until 2002 , Yahoo ! had been using Google to power its search ) . 2004 - 5 November ( 2004 ) - February ( 2005 ) Change in backend providers Microsoft starts using its own indexer and crawler for MSN Search rather than using blended results from LookSmart and Inktomi . December User experience Google Suggest is introduced as a Google Labs feature . 2005 January Webmaster tools To combat link spam , Google , Yahoo ! and Microsoft collectively introduce the nofollow attribute . 2005 October New web search engine Overture Services Inc. owner Bill Gross launches the Snap search engine , with many features such as display of search volumes and other information , as well as sophisticated auto - completion and related terms display . It is unable to get traction and soon goes out of business . 2006 - 2009 New human - curated web search engine Wikia launches Wikia Search , a search engine based on human curation , but then shuts it down . Relevant dates : publicly proposed December 23 , 2006 and January 31 , 2007 , private pre-alpha December 24 , 2007 , toolbar release August 2008 , shutdown March -- May 2009 . 2008 January 28 New web search engine Cuil , a web search engine created by ex-Googlers that uses picture thumbnails to display search results , launches . It would later shut down on September 17 , 2010 . 2009 July 29 Web search engine consolidation Microsoft and Yahoo ! announce that they have made a ten - year deal in which the Yahoo ! search engine would be replaced by Bing . Yahoo ! will get to keep 88 % of the revenue from all search ad sales on its site for the first five years of the deal , and have the right to sell adverts on some Microsoft sites . Yahoo ! Search will still maintain its own user interface , but will eventually feature `` Powered by Bing TM '' branding . All Yahoo ! Search global customers and partners are expected to be transitioned by early 2012 . 2009 August 10 ( announced ) , rollout completed and made live June 8 , 2010 Search algorithm update Named Caffeine , this update is announced on August 10 , 2009 . It promises faster crawling , expansion of the index , and a near - real - time integration of indexing and ranking . The rollout is made live on June 8 , 2010 . September 8 User experience Google launches Google Instant , described as a search - before - you - type feature : as users are typing , Google predicts the user 's whole search query ( using the same technology as in Google Suggest , later called the autocomplete feature ) and instantaneously shows results for the top prediction . Google claims that this is estimated to save 2 -- 5 seconds per search query . SEO commentators initially believe that this will have a major effect on search engine optimization , but soon revise downward their estimate of the impact . November 1 New web search engine Blekko , a search engine that uses slashtags to allow people to search in more targeted categories , launches . 2011 June 2 Webmaster tools Google , Yahoo ! , and Microsoft announce Schema.org , a joint initiative that supports a richer range of tags that websites can use to convey better information . 2011 February 23 -- 24 Search algorithm update Google launches Google Panda , a major update affecting 12 % of search queries . The update continues with the earlier work of cracking down on spam , content farms , scrapers , and websites with a high ad - to - content ratio . The rollout is gradual over several months , and Panda will see many further updates . 2012 January 10 Search algorithm update , user experience Google launches Search Plus Your World , a deep integration of one 's social data into search . SEO commentators are critical of how the search results favor Google+ and push it to users , compared to more widely used social networks such as Facebook and Twitter . 2012 April 24 Search algorithm update Google launches its `` Webspam update '' which would soon become known as Google Penguin . 2012 May 10 User experience Microsoft announces a redesign of its Bing search engine that includes `` Sidebar '' , a social feature that searches users ' social networks for information relevant to the search query . 2012 May 16 Search algorithm update Google starts rolling out Knowledge Graph , used by Google internally to store semantic relationships between objects . Google now begins displaying supplemental information about objects related to search queries on the side . 2013 August 21 -- 22 ( approximate date for rollout ) , September 26 ( announcement ) Search algorithm update Google releases Google Hummingbird , a core algorithm update that may enable more semantic search and more effective use of the Knowledge Graph in the future .","sentences":["Year Month and date ( if available ) Event type Event Pre-web search engine The Archie search engine , created by Alan Emtage , Bill Heelan and J. Peter Deutsch , computer science students at McGill University in Montreal , goes live .","The program downloads the directory listings of all the files located on public anonymous FTP ( File Transfer Protocol ) sites , creates a searchable database of a lot of file names ; however , Archie does not index the contents of these sites since the amount of data is so limited it can be readily searched manually .","1991 Pre-web search engine The rise of Gopher ( created in 1991 by Mark McCahill at the University of Minnesota ) leads to two new search programs , Veronica and Jughead .","Like Archie , they search the file names and titles stored in Gopher index systems .","Veronica ( Very Easy Rodent - Oriented Net - wide Index to Computerized Archives ) provides a keyword search of most Gopher menu titles in the entire Gopher listings .","Jughead ( Jonzy 's Universal Gopher Hierarchy Excavation And Display ) is a tool for obtaining menu information from specific Gopher servers .","While the name of the search engine `` Archie '' was not a reference to the Archie comic book series , `` Veronica '' and `` Jughead '' are characters in the series , thus referencing their predecessor .","Virtual library of the web Timothy Berners - Lee sets up the Virtual Library ( VLib ) , a loose confederation of topical experts maintaining relevant topical link lists .","1993","June First web robot Matthew Gray produces the first known web robot , the Perl - based World Wide Web Wanderer , and uses it to generate an index of the web called the Wandex .","However , the World Wide Web Wanderer is intended only to measure the size of the web rather than to facilitate search .","1993","September 2 First web search engine W3Catalog , written by Oscar Nierstrasz at the University of Geneva , is released to the world .","It is the world 's first web search engine .","It does not rely on a crawler and indexer but rather on already existing high - quality lists of websites .","One of its main drawbacks is that the bot accesses each page hundreds of times each day , causing performance degradation . 1993","October \/ November Second web search engine Aliweb , a web search engine created by Martijn Koster , is announced .","It does not use a web robot , but instead depends on being notified by website administrators of the existence at each site of an index file in a particular format .","The absence of a bot means that less bandwidth is used ; however , most website administrators are not aware of the need to submit their data .","1993","December First web search engine to use a crawler and indexer JumpStation , created by Jonathon Fletcher , is released .","It is the first WWW resource - discovery tool to combine the three essential features of a web search engine ( crawling , indexing , and searching ) .","1994","January New web search engine Infoseek is launched .","1994","January Web search engine supporting natural language queries Altavista is launched .","This is a first among web search engines in many ways : it has unlimited bandwidth , allows natural language queries , has search tips , and allows people to add or delete their domains in 24 hours .","1994","March New web search engine The World - Wide Web Worm is released .","It is claimed to have been created in September 1993 , at which time there did not exist any crawler - based search engine , but it is not the earliest at the time of its actual release .","It supports Perl - based regular expressions .","1994","April 20 New web search engine The WebCrawler search engine , created by Brian Pinkerton at the University of Washington , is released .","Unlike its predecessors , it allows users to search for any word in any webpage , which has become the standard for all major search engines since .","1994","April New web directory Yahoo !","launches its web directory .","Yahoo !","would not build its own web search engine until 2002 , relying until then on outsourcing the search function to other companies .","1994","July New web search engine Lycos , a web search engine , is released .","It began as a research project by Michael Loren Mauldin of Carnegie Mellon University 's main Pittsburgh campus .","1995 New web directory LookSmart is released .","It competes with Yahoo !","as a web directory , and the competition makes both directories more inclusive .","January -- March New web search engine Larry Page and Sergey Brin begin working on BackRub , the predecessor to Google Search .","The crawler begins activity in March .","May New web search engine Inktomi releases its HotBot search engine .","1997","April New natural language - based web search engine Ask Jeeves , a natural language web search engine , that aims to rank links by popularity , is released .","It would later become Ask.com .","1998","July -- September New web search portal MSN launches a search portal called MSN Search , using search results from Inktomi .","After many changes to the backend search engine , MSN would start developing in - house search technology in 2005 , and later change its name to Bing in June 2009 .","1997 September 15 New web search engine The domain Google.com is registered .","Soon , Google Search is available to the public from this domain ( around 1998 ) .","1997 September 23 New web search engine ( non-English )","Arkady Volozh and Ilya Segalovich launch their Russian web search engine yandex.ru and publicly present it at the Softool exhibition in Moscow .","The initial development is by Comptek ; Yandex would become a separate company in 2000 .","1998 June 5 New web directory Gnuhoo , a web directory project by Rich Skrenta and Bob Truel , both employees of Sun Microsystems , launches .","It would later be renamed the Open Directory Project .","1999","May New web search engine AlltheWeb , based on the Ph. D. thesis of Tor Egge at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology , titled FTP Search , launches .","The engine is launched by Egge 's company Fast Search & Transfer , established on July 16 , 1997 .","2000","January 1 New web search portal Baidu , a Chinese company that would grow to provide many search - related services , launches .","2002 - 3 Web search business consolidation Yahoo ! buys Inktomi ( 2002 ) and then Overture Services Inc. ( 2003 ) which has already bought AlltheWeb and Altavista .","Starting 2003 , Yahoo ! starts using its own Yahoo Slurp web crawler to power Yahoo !","Search .","Yahoo !","Search combines the technologies of all Yahoo ! 's acquisitions ( until 2002 , Yahoo ! had been using Google to power its search ) .","2004 - 5 November ( 2004 ) - February ( 2005 )","Change in backend providers Microsoft starts using its own indexer and crawler for MSN Search rather than using blended results from LookSmart and Inktomi .","December User experience Google Suggest is introduced as a Google Labs feature .","2005","January Webmaster tools To combat link spam , Google , Yahoo !","and Microsoft collectively introduce the nofollow attribute .","2005","October New web search engine Overture Services Inc. owner Bill Gross launches the Snap search engine , with many features such as display of search volumes and other information , as well as sophisticated auto - completion and related terms display .","It is unable to get traction and soon goes out of business .","2006 - 2009 New human - curated web search engine Wikia launches Wikia Search , a search engine based on human curation , but then shuts it down .","Relevant dates : publicly proposed December 23 , 2006 and January 31 , 2007 , private pre-alpha December 24 , 2007 , toolbar release August 2008 , shutdown March -- May 2009 .","2008","January 28 New web search engine Cuil , a web search engine created by ex-Googlers that uses picture thumbnails to display search results , launches .","It would later shut down on September 17 , 2010 .","2009 July 29 Web search engine consolidation Microsoft and Yahoo !","announce that they have made a ten - year deal in which the Yahoo !","search engine would be replaced by Bing .","Yahoo !","will get to keep 88 % of the revenue from all search ad sales on its site for the first five years of the deal , and have the right to sell adverts on some Microsoft sites .","Yahoo !","Search will still maintain its own user interface , but will eventually feature `` Powered by Bing TM '' branding .","All Yahoo !","Search global customers and partners are expected to be transitioned by early 2012 .","2009","August 10 ( announced ) , rollout completed and made live June 8 , 2010 Search algorithm update Named Caffeine , this update is announced on August 10 , 2009 .","It promises faster crawling , expansion of the index , and a near - real - time integration of indexing and ranking .","The rollout is made live on June 8 , 2010 .","September 8 User experience Google launches Google Instant , described as a search - before - you - type feature : as users are typing , Google predicts the user 's whole search query ( using the same technology as in Google Suggest , later called the autocomplete feature ) and instantaneously shows results for the top prediction .","Google claims that this is estimated to save 2 -- 5 seconds per search query .","SEO commentators initially believe that this will have a major effect on search engine optimization , but soon revise downward their estimate of the impact .","November 1 New web search engine Blekko , a search engine that uses slashtags to allow people to search in more targeted categories , launches .","2011","June 2 Webmaster tools Google , Yahoo ! , and Microsoft announce Schema.org , a joint initiative that supports a richer range of tags that websites can use to convey better information .","2011","February 23 -- 24 Search algorithm update Google launches Google Panda , a major update affecting 12 % of search queries .","The update continues with the earlier work of cracking down on spam , content farms , scrapers , and websites with a high ad - to - content ratio .","The rollout is gradual over several months , and Panda will see many further updates .","2012 January 10 Search algorithm update , user experience Google launches","Search Plus Your World , a deep integration of one 's social data into search .","SEO commentators are critical of how the search results favor Google+ and push it to users , compared to more widely used social networks such as Facebook and Twitter .","2012 April 24 Search algorithm update Google launches its `` Webspam update '' which would soon become known as Google Penguin .","2012","May 10 User experience Microsoft announces a redesign of its Bing search engine that includes `` Sidebar '' , a social feature that searches users ' social networks for information relevant to the search query .","2012","May 16 Search algorithm update Google starts rolling out Knowledge Graph , used by Google internally to store semantic relationships between objects .","Google now begins displaying supplemental information about objects related to search queries on the side .","2013","August 21 -- 22 ( approximate date for rollout ) , September 26 ( announcement )","Search algorithm update Google releases Google Hummingbird , a core algorithm update that may enable more semantic search and more effective use of the Knowledge Graph in the future ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6484849419127349775","input":"when does derek and meredith get back together in season 2","passages":[{"title":"Grey's Anatomy (season 2)","text":"The season includes the first episode to be written Zoanne Clack , who would become one the series ' main writers , as well as a co-producer and executive story editor . Other writers include Kip Koenig , Blythe Robe and Elizabeth Klaviter . Executive producer Peter Horton returned to the series to direct five episodes for the season , after writing two episodes in the second season . Rob Corn directed two episodes , whereas Adam Davidson is credited for writing three episodes , his last ones in the series . Among the other directors are Wendey Stanzler , Mark Tinker , Jeff Melman , Jessica Yu , Lesli Linka Glatter , Michael Dinner , Dan Minahan , David Paymer , Julie Anne Robinson , Tricia Brock , and Seith Mann . Danny Lux continued his position as the main music composer for the series , while Herbert Davis , Tim Suhrstedt and Adam Kane served as the season 's cinematography directors . Susan Vaill and Edward Ornelas resumed their positions as editors , joined by Briana London , who left the series after nine episodes . Linda Lowy and John Brace , responsible for the casting since the beginning of the series , returned as casting team members . After the departure of Laurence Bennett , the production design team was taken over by Donald Lee Harris , with Amy B. Ancona and Brandee Dell'Aringa joining for ten episodes each .","sentences":["The season includes the first episode to be written Zoanne Clack , who would become one the series ' main writers , as well as a co-producer and executive story editor .","Other writers include Kip Koenig , Blythe Robe and Elizabeth Klaviter .","Executive producer Peter Horton returned to the series to direct five episodes for the season , after writing two episodes in the second season .","Rob Corn directed two episodes , whereas Adam Davidson is credited for writing three episodes , his last ones in the series .","Among the other directors are Wendey Stanzler , Mark Tinker , Jeff Melman , Jessica Yu , Lesli Linka Glatter , Michael Dinner , Dan Minahan , David Paymer , Julie Anne Robinson , Tricia Brock , and Seith Mann .","Danny Lux continued his position as the main music composer for the series , while Herbert Davis , Tim Suhrstedt and Adam Kane served as the season 's cinematography directors .","Susan Vaill and Edward Ornelas resumed their positions as editors , joined by Briana London , who left the series after nine episodes .","Linda Lowy and John Brace , responsible for the casting since the beginning of the series , returned as casting team members .","After the departure of Laurence Bennett , the production design team was taken over by Donald Lee Harris , with Amy B. Ancona and Brandee Dell'Aringa joining for ten episodes each ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-658123715153038686","input":"declaration of the rights of man and citizen 1789 pdf","passages":[{"title":"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen","text":"Women , in particular , were strong passive citizens who played a significant role in the Revolution . Olympe de Gouges penned her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen in 1791 and drew attention to the need for gender equality . By supporting the ideals of the French Revolution and wishing to expand them to women , she represented herself as a revolutionary citizen . Madame Roland also established herself as an influential figure throughout the Revolution . She saw women of the French Revolution as holding three roles ; `` inciting revolutionary action , formulating policy , and informing others of revolutionary events . '' By working with men , as opposed to working separate from men , she may have been able to further the fight of revolutionary women . As players in the French Revolution , women occupied a significant role in the civic sphere by forming social movements and participating in popular clubs , allowing them societal influence , despite their lack of direct political influence .","sentences":["Women , in particular , were strong passive citizens who played a significant role in the Revolution .","Olympe de Gouges penned her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen in 1791 and drew attention to the need for gender equality .","By supporting the ideals of the French Revolution and wishing to expand them to women , she represented herself as a revolutionary citizen .","Madame Roland also established herself as an influential figure throughout the Revolution .","She saw women of the French Revolution as holding three roles ; `` inciting revolutionary action , formulating policy , and informing others of revolutionary events . ''","By working with men , as opposed to working separate from men , she may have been able to further the fight of revolutionary women .","As players in the French Revolution , women occupied a significant role in the civic sphere by forming social movements and participating in popular clubs , allowing them societal influence , despite their lack of direct political influence ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7724056901469825880","input":"how does car insurance work in the us","passages":[{"title":"Vehicle insurance in the United States","text":"Due to the sharp decline in value immediately following purchase , there is generally a period in which the amount owed on the car loan exceeds the value of the vehicle , which is called `` upside - down '' or negative equity . Thus , if the vehicle is damaged beyond economical repair at this point , the owner will still owe potentially thousands of dollars on the loan . The escalating price of cars , longer - term auto loans , and the increasing popularity of leasing gave birth to GAP protection . GAP waivers provide protection for consumers when a `` gap '' exists between the actual value of their vehicle and the amount of money owed to the bank or leasing company . In many instances , this insurance will also pay the deductible on the primary insurance policy . These policies are often offered at auto dealerships as a comparatively low cost add - on to the car loan that provides coverage for the duration of the loan . GAP Insurance does not always pay off the full loan value however . These cases include but are not limited to :","sentences":["Due to the sharp decline in value immediately following purchase , there is generally a period in which the amount owed on the car loan exceeds the value of the vehicle , which is called `` upside - down '' or negative equity .","Thus , if the vehicle is damaged beyond economical repair at this point , the owner will still owe potentially thousands of dollars on the loan .","The escalating price of cars , longer - term auto loans , and the increasing popularity of leasing gave birth to GAP protection .","GAP waivers provide protection for consumers when a `` gap '' exists between the actual value of their vehicle and the amount of money owed to the bank or leasing company .","In many instances , this insurance will also pay the deductible on the primary insurance policy .","These policies are often offered at auto dealerships as a comparatively low cost add - on to the car loan that provides coverage for the duration of the loan .","GAP Insurance does not always pay off the full loan value however .","These cases include but are not limited to :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5436626332178792936","input":"what did the princess do in the breakfast club","passages":[{"title":"The Breakfast Club","text":"In 2005 , the film received the Silver Bucket of Excellence Award in honor of its 20th anniversary at the MTV Movie Awards . For the event , MTV attempted to reunite the original cast . Sheedy , Ringwald , and Hall appeared together on stage , with Kapelos in the audience ; Gleason gave the award to his former castmates . Estevez could not attend because of other commitments , and Nelson appeared earlier in the show but left before the on - stage reunion , prompting Hall to joke that the two were `` in Africa with Dave Chappelle '' . Yellowcard performed Simple Minds ' anthem for the film , `` Do n't You ( Forget About Me ) '' , at the awards . At the 82nd Academy Awards ( March 7 , 2010 ) , Sheedy , Hall , Ringwald , and Nelson all appeared in a tribute to John Hughes -- who had died a few months prior -- along with other actors who had worked with him , including Jon Cryer from Pretty in Pink , Matthew Broderick from Ferris Bueller 's Day Off , and Macaulay Culkin from Home Alone .","sentences":["In 2005 , the film received the Silver Bucket of Excellence Award in honor of its 20th anniversary at the MTV Movie Awards .","For the event , MTV attempted to reunite the original cast .","Sheedy , Ringwald , and Hall appeared together on stage , with Kapelos in the audience ; Gleason gave the award to his former castmates .","Estevez could not attend because of other commitments , and Nelson appeared earlier in the show but left before the on - stage reunion , prompting Hall to joke that the two were `` in Africa with Dave Chappelle '' .","Yellowcard performed Simple Minds ' anthem for the film , `` Do n't You ( Forget About Me ) '' , at the awards .","At the 82nd Academy Awards ( March 7 , 2010 ) , Sheedy , Hall , Ringwald , and Nelson all appeared in a tribute to John Hughes -- who had died a few months prior -- along with other actors who had worked with him , including Jon Cryer from Pretty in Pink , Matthew Broderick from Ferris Bueller 's Day Off , and Macaulay Culkin from Home Alone ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7589349101976153973","input":"where is the atlantic ocean located on a map","passages":[{"title":"Atlantic Ocean","text":"In the North - East Atlantic total catches decreased between the mid-1970s and the 1990s and reached 8.7 million tons in 2013 . Blue whiting reached a 2.4 million tons peak in 2004 but was down to 628,000 tons in 2013 . Recovery plans for cod , sole , and plaice have reduced mortality in these species . Arctic cod reached its lowest levels in the 1960s -- 1980s but is now recovered . Arctic saithe and haddock are considered fully fished ; Sand eel is overfished as was capelin which has now recovered to fully fished . Limited data makes the state of redfishes and deep - water species difficult to assess but most likely they remain vulnerable to overfishing . Stocks of northern shrimp and Norwegian lobster are in good condition . In the North - East Atlantic 21 % of stocks are considered overfished . Banks","sentences":["In the North - East Atlantic total catches decreased between the mid-1970s and the 1990s and reached 8.7 million tons in 2013 .","Blue whiting reached a 2.4 million tons peak in 2004 but was down to 628,000 tons in 2013 .","Recovery plans for cod , sole , and plaice have reduced mortality in these species .","Arctic cod reached its lowest levels in the 1960s -- 1980s but is now recovered .","Arctic saithe and haddock are considered fully fished ; Sand eel is overfished as was capelin which has now recovered to fully fished .","Limited data makes the state of redfishes and deep - water species difficult to assess but most likely they remain vulnerable to overfishing .","Stocks of northern shrimp and Norwegian lobster are in good condition .","In the North - East Atlantic 21 % of stocks are considered overfished .","Banks"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3113503854791715480","input":"how did claire become ambassador in house of cards","passages":[{"title":"Claire Underwood","text":"Brian Stelter of The New York Times described her as Frank Underwood 's conniving wife and described the Underwoods as `` the scheming husband and wife at the center of ' House of Cards ' '' . She is a woman `` who will stop at nothing to conquer everything '' . Hank Stuever of The Washington Post describes her as an `` ice - queen wife '' . The Independent 's Sarah Hughes echoes this description , saying Claire is so dedicated to the couple 's schemes that it is clear she will execute them herself if Frank wavers . Following season 4 , Robin Wright stated that she felt Claire Underwood was the equal of Frank Underwood and demanded equal pay for her performance . Netflix acquiesced .","sentences":["Brian Stelter of The New York Times described her as Frank Underwood 's conniving wife and described the Underwoods as `` the scheming husband and wife at the center of ' House of Cards ' '' .","She is a woman `` who will stop at nothing to conquer everything '' .","Hank Stuever of The Washington Post describes her as an `` ice - queen wife '' .","The Independent 's Sarah Hughes echoes this description , saying Claire is so dedicated to the couple 's schemes that it is clear she will execute them herself if Frank wavers .","Following season 4 , Robin Wright stated that she felt Claire Underwood was the equal of Frank Underwood and demanded equal pay for her performance .","Netflix acquiesced ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2362008230532905825","input":"who won the war between usa and japan","passages":[{"title":"United States declaration of war on Japan","text":"President Roosevelt formally requested the declaration in his Infamy Speech , addressed to a joint session of Congress and the nation at 12 : 30 p.m. on December 8 . The declaration was quickly brought to a vote ; it passed the Senate , and then passed the House at 1 : 10 p.m. The vote was 82 -- 0 in the Senate and 388 -- 1 in the House . Jeannette Rankin , a pacifist and the first woman elected to Congress ( in 1916 ) , cast the only vote against the declaration , eliciting hisses from some of her peers . Several colleagues pressed her to change her vote to make the resolution unanimous -- or at least to abstain -- but she refused . `` As a woman , I ca n't go to war , '' she said , `` and I refuse to send anyone else . '' Nine other women held Congressional seats at the time . After the vote , an angry mob followed her from the Capitol building , forcing her to take refuge in a telephone booth until United States Capitol Police could rescue her . Two days later a similar war declaration against Germany and Italy came to vote ; Rankin abstained . Nine other women voted in favor of the declaration of war .","sentences":["President Roosevelt formally requested the declaration in his Infamy Speech , addressed to a joint session of Congress and the nation at 12 : 30 p.m. on December 8 .","The declaration was quickly brought to a vote ; it passed the Senate , and then passed the House at 1 : 10 p.m.","The vote was 82 -- 0 in the Senate and 388 -- 1 in the House .","Jeannette Rankin , a pacifist and the first woman elected to Congress ( in 1916 ) , cast the only vote against the declaration , eliciting hisses from some of her peers .","Several colleagues pressed her to change her vote to make the resolution unanimous -- or at least to abstain -- but she refused .","`` As a woman , I ca n't go to war , '' she said , `` and I refuse to send anyone else . ''","Nine other women held Congressional seats at the time .","After the vote , an angry mob followed her from the Capitol building , forcing her to take refuge in a telephone booth until United States Capitol Police could rescue her .","Two days later a similar war declaration against Germany and Italy came to vote ; Rankin abstained .","Nine other women voted in favor of the declaration of war ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5117563059469780971","input":"how did the middle ages change the world","passages":[{"title":"Middle Ages","text":"As Western Europe witnessed the formation of new kingdoms , the Eastern Roman Empire remained intact and experienced an economic revival that lasted into the early 7th century . There were fewer invasions of the eastern section of the empire ; most occurred in the Balkans . Peace with the Sasanian Empire , the traditional enemy of Rome , lasted throughout most of the 5th century . The Eastern Empire was marked by closer relations between the political state and Christian Church , with doctrinal matters assuming an importance in Eastern politics that they did not have in Western Europe . Legal developments included the codification of Roman law ; the first effort -- the Codex Theodosianus -- was completed in 438 . Under Emperor Justinian ( r . 527 -- 565 ) , another compilation took place -- the Corpus Juris Civilis . Justinian also oversaw the construction of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople and the reconquest of North Africa from the Vandals and Italy from the Ostrogoths , under Belisarius ( d . 565 ) . The conquest of Italy was not complete , as a deadly outbreak of plague in 542 led to the rest of Justinian 's reign concentrating on defensive measures rather than further conquests .","sentences":["As Western Europe witnessed the formation of new kingdoms , the Eastern Roman Empire remained intact and experienced an economic revival that lasted into the early 7th century .","There were fewer invasions of the eastern section of the empire ; most occurred in the Balkans .","Peace with the Sasanian Empire , the traditional enemy of Rome , lasted throughout most of the 5th century .","The Eastern Empire was marked by closer relations between the political state and Christian Church , with doctrinal matters assuming an importance in Eastern politics that they did not have in Western Europe .","Legal developments included the codification of Roman law ; the first effort -- the Codex Theodosianus -- was completed in 438 .","Under Emperor Justinian ( r .","527 -- 565 ) , another compilation took place -- the Corpus Juris Civilis .","Justinian also oversaw the construction of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople and the reconquest of North Africa from the Vandals and Italy from the Ostrogoths , under Belisarius ( d . 565 ) .","The conquest of Italy was not complete , as a deadly outbreak of plague in 542 led to the rest of Justinian 's reign concentrating on defensive measures rather than further conquests ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4532297677870445","input":"what was one long term effect of the work of the civilian conservation corps","passages":[{"title":"Civilian Conservation Corps","text":"The CCC operated an entirely separate division for members of federally recognized tribes : the Indian Emergency Conservation Work ( IECW or CCC - ID ) . Native men from reservations worked on roads , bridges , clinics , shelters , and other public works near their reservations . Although they were organized as groups classified as camps , no permanent camps were established for Native Americans . Instead , organized groups moved with their families from project to project , and were provided with an additional rental allowance in their pay . The CCC often provided the only paid work , as many reservations were in remote rural areas . Enrollees had to be between the ages of 17 and 35 .","sentences":["The CCC operated an entirely separate division for members of federally recognized tribes : the Indian Emergency Conservation Work ( IECW or CCC - ID ) .","Native men from reservations worked on roads , bridges , clinics , shelters , and other public works near their reservations .","Although they were organized as groups classified as camps , no permanent camps were established for Native Americans .","Instead , organized groups moved with their families from project to project , and were provided with an additional rental allowance in their pay .","The CCC often provided the only paid work , as many reservations were in remote rural areas .","Enrollees had to be between the ages of 17 and 35 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1901116754897844924","input":"where was the other boleyn girl 2003 filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Other Boleyn Girl (2003 film)","text":"Two years pass and Anne has had two miscarriages , and can not seem to have a son . In front of all the court , Anne demands to know which woman is the king 's mistress , even dragging Cromwell into the conversation . The king , angered at Anne 's rude behavior , drives Anne to depart the room , and her uncle follows her , berating her for her behavior . Anne demands respect , and her uncle informs her that she has many enemies now , and Anne yells at him to repent as he leaves her . Later , Thomas Cromwell suggests that the king leave court and journey to Wulfhall in Wiltshire , where the Seymour family lives . The king has a lovely time there , and spends much time with the eldest daughter of the family , Jane Seymour . Back at court , Anne searches the king 's rooms and finds an etching of her head being decapitated from her body . Shaken , she goes to find George , begging him to fetch Mary to court . Mary comes that night , and asks what is happening , and Anne tells the both of them that the court wants her dead . Mary asks Anne when she laid with the king last , and said that perhaps if she laid with another man , that Anne could get pregnant . Mary then suggests that Anne and George lay together , but not specifically , so as not to implicate herself . George tells Mary that what she suggests is the darkest thing in all the world , but Anne , on her knees , begs for George to save her . Despite his protests and Mary 's fear , the pair of them go through with it .","sentences":["Two years pass and Anne has had two miscarriages , and can not seem to have a son .","In front of all the court , Anne demands to know which woman is the king 's mistress , even dragging Cromwell into the conversation .","The king , angered at Anne 's rude behavior , drives Anne to depart the room , and her uncle follows her , berating her for her behavior .","Anne demands respect , and her uncle informs her that she has many enemies now , and Anne yells at him to repent as he leaves her .","Later , Thomas Cromwell suggests that the king leave court and journey to Wulfhall in Wiltshire , where the Seymour family lives .","The king has a lovely time there , and spends much time with the eldest daughter of the family , Jane Seymour .","Back at court , Anne searches the king 's rooms and finds an etching of her head being decapitated from her body .","Shaken , she goes to find George , begging him to fetch Mary to court .","Mary comes that night , and asks what is happening , and Anne tells the both of them that the court wants her dead .","Mary asks Anne when she laid with the king last , and said that perhaps if she laid with another man , that Anne could get pregnant .","Mary then suggests that Anne and George lay together , but not specifically , so as not to implicate herself .","George tells Mary that what she suggests is the darkest thing in all the world , but Anne , on her knees , begs for George to save her .","Despite his protests and Mary 's fear , the pair of them go through with it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2010167582379187993","input":"who was letter from a birmingham jail written to","passages":[{"title":"Letter from Birmingham Jail","text":"King addressed the accusation that the Civil Rights Movement was `` extreme '' , first disputing the label but then accepting it . Compared to other movements at the time , King finds himself as a moderate . However , in his devotion to his cause , King refers to himself as an extremist . Jesus and other great reformers were extremists : `` So the question is not whether we will be extremists , but what kind of extremists we will be . Will we be extremists for hate or for love ? '' King 's discussion of extremism implicitly responded to numerous `` moderate '' objections to the ongoing movement , such as President Dwight D. Eisenhower 's claim that he could not meet with civil rights leaders because doing so would require him to meet with the Ku Klux Klan .","sentences":["King addressed the accusation that the Civil Rights Movement was `` extreme '' , first disputing the label but then accepting it .","Compared to other movements at the time , King finds himself as a moderate .","However , in his devotion to his cause , King refers to himself as an extremist .","Jesus and other great reformers were extremists : `` So the question is not whether we will be extremists , but what kind of extremists we will be .","Will we be extremists for hate or for love ? ''","King 's discussion of extremism implicitly responded to numerous `` moderate '' objections to the ongoing movement , such as President Dwight D. Eisenhower 's claim that he could not meet with civil rights leaders because doing so would require him to meet with the Ku Klux Klan ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1380096863232577466","input":"where is the colossus of rhodes located today","passages":[{"title":"Colossus of Rhodes","text":"Construction began in 292 BC . Ancient accounts , which differ to some degree , describe the structure as being built with iron tie bars to which brass plates were fixed to form the skin . The interior of the structure , which stood on a 15 - metre ( 49 - foot ) high white marble pedestal near the Mandraki harbour entrance , was then filled with stone blocks as construction progressed . Other sources place the Colossus on a breakwater in the harbour . According to most contemporary descriptions , the statue itself was about 70 cubits , or 33 metres ( 108 feet ) tall . Much of the iron and bronze was reforged from the various weapons Demetrius 's army left behind , and the abandoned second siege tower may have been used for scaffolding around the lower levels during construction . Upper portions were built with the use of a large earthen ramp . During the building , workers would pile mounds of earth on the sides of the colossus . Upon completion all of the earth was removed and the colossus was left to stand alone . After twelve years , in 280 BC , the statue was completed . Preserved in Greek anthologies of poetry is what is believed to be the genuine dedication text for the Colossus .","sentences":["Construction began in 292 BC .","Ancient accounts , which differ to some degree , describe the structure as being built with iron tie bars to which brass plates were fixed to form the skin .","The interior of the structure , which stood on a 15 - metre ( 49 - foot ) high white marble pedestal near the Mandraki harbour entrance , was then filled with stone blocks as construction progressed .","Other sources place the Colossus on a breakwater in the harbour .","According to most contemporary descriptions , the statue itself was about 70 cubits , or 33 metres ( 108 feet ) tall .","Much of the iron and bronze was reforged from the various weapons Demetrius 's army left behind , and the abandoned second siege tower may have been used for scaffolding around the lower levels during construction .","Upper portions were built with the use of a large earthen ramp .","During the building , workers would pile mounds of earth on the sides of the colossus .","Upon completion all of the earth was removed and the colossus was left to stand alone .","After twelve years , in 280 BC , the statue was completed .","Preserved in Greek anthologies of poetry is what is believed to be the genuine dedication text for the Colossus ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3601638654726285951","input":"when is the last time the patriots lost 2 in a row","passages":[{"title":"List of New England Patriots seasons","text":"Season Team League Conference Division Regular season Postseason results Awards Head coaches Finish Won Lost Ties Boston Patriots 1960 1960 AFL -- Eastern 4th 5 9 0 Lou Saban 1961 1961 AFL -- Eastern 2nd 9 Lou Saban ( 2 -- 3 ) Mike Holovak ( 7 -- 1 -- 1 ) 1962 1962 AFL -- Eastern 2nd 9 Mike Holovak 1963 1963 AFL -- Eastern 1st 7 6 Won Divisional Playoffs ( at Bills ) 26 -- 8 Lost AFL Championship ( at Chargers ) 10 -- 51 1964 1964 AFL -- Eastern 2nd 10 Gino Cappelletti ( MVP ) 1965 1965 AFL -- Eastern 3rd 8 1966 1966 AFL -- Eastern 2nd 8 Jim Nance ( MVP ) 1967 1967 AFL -- Eastern 5th 10 1968 1968 AFL -- Eastern 4th 10 0 1969 1969 AFL -- Eastern 3rd 10 0 Clive Rush 1970 1970 NFL AFC East 5th 12 0 Clive Rush ( 1 -- 6 ) John Mazur ( 1 -- 6 ) New England Patriots 1971 1971 NFL AFC East 3rd 6 8 0 John Mazur 1972 1972 NFL AFC East 5th 11 0 John Mazur ( 2 -- 7 ) Phil Bengtson ( 1 -- 4 ) 1973 1973 NFL AFC East 3rd 5 9 0 Chuck Fairbanks NFL AFC East 3rd 7 7 0 NFL AFC East 5th 11 0 1976 1976 NFL AFC East 2nd 11 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Raiders ) 21 -- 24 Mike Haynes ( DROY ) 1977 1977 NFL AFC East 3rd 9 5 0 1978 1978 NFL AFC East 1st 11 5 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( Oilers ) 14 -- 31 1979 1979 NFL AFC East 2nd 9 7 0 Ron Erhardt 1980 1980 NFL AFC East 2nd 10 6 0 1981 1981 NFL AFC East 5th 14 0 1982 1982 NFL AFC 7th 5 0 Lost First Round ( at Dolphins ) 13 -- 28 Ron Meyer NFL AFC East 2nd 8 8 0 1984 1984 NFL AFC East 2nd 9 7 0 Ron Meyer ( 5 -- 3 ) Raymond Berry ( 4 -- 4 ) 1985 1985 NFL AFC East 3rd 11 5 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( at Jets ) 26 -- 14 Won Divisional Playoffs ( at Raiders ) 27 -- 20 Won Conference Championship ( at Dolphins ) 31 -- 14 Lost Super Bowl XX ( vs. Bears ) 10 -- 46 Raymond Berry 1986 1986 NFL AFC East 1st 11 5 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Broncos ) 17 -- 22 NFL AFC East 2nd 8 7 0 1988 1988 NFL AFC East 3rd 9 7 0 John Stephens ( OROY ) 1989 1989 NFL AFC East 4th 5 11 0 1990 1990 NFL AFC East 5th 15 0 Rod Rust 1991 1991 NFL AFC East 4th 6 10 0 Leonard Russell ( OROY ) Dick MacPherson 1992 1992 NFL AFC East 5th 14 0 1993 1993 NFL AFC East 4th 5 11 0 Bill Parcells 1994 1994 NFL AFC East 2nd 10 6 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Browns ) 13 -- 20 Bill Parcells ( COY ) 1995 1995 NFL AFC East 4th 6 10 0 Curtis Martin ( OROY ) NFL AFC East 1st 11 5 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Steelers ) 28 -- 3 Won Conference Championship ( Jaguars ) 20 -- 6 Lost Super Bowl XXXI ( vs. Packers ) 21 -- 35 1997 1997 NFL AFC East 1st 10 6 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Dolphins ) 17 -- 3 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Steelers ) 6 -- 7 Pete Carroll 1998 1998 NFL AFC East 4th 9 7 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Jaguars ) 10 -- 25 1999 1999 NFL AFC East 5th 8 8 0 2000 2000 NFL AFC East 5th 5 11 0 Bill Belichick 2001 2001 NFL AFC East 1st 11 5 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Raiders ) 16 -- 13 ( OT ) Won Conference Championship ( at Steelers ) 24 -- 17 Won Super Bowl XXXVI ( 1 ) ( vs. Rams ) 20 -- 17 Tom Brady ( SB MVP ) 2002 2002 NFL AFC East 2nd 9 7 0 2003 2003 NFL AFC East 1st 14 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Titans ) 17 -- 14 Won Conference Championship ( Colts ) 24 -- 14 Won Super Bowl XXXVIII ( 2 ) ( vs. Panthers ) 32 -- 29 Tom Brady ( SB MVP ) Bill Belichick ( COY ) NFL AFC East 1st 14 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Colts ) 20 -- 3 Won Conference Championship ( at Steelers ) 41 -- 27 Won Super Bowl XXXIX ( 3 ) ( vs. Eagles ) 24 -- 21 Deion Branch ( SB MVP ) 2005 2005 NFL AFC East 1st 10 6 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Jaguars ) 28 -- 3 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Broncos ) 13 -- 27 Tedy Bruschi ( CBPOY ) 2006 2006 NFL AFC East 1st 12 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Jets ) 37 -- 16 Won Divisional Playoffs ( at Chargers ) 24 -- 21 Lost Conference Championship ( at Colts ) 34 -- 38 2007 2007 NFL AFC East 1st 16 0 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Jaguars ) 31 -- 20 Won Conference Championship ( Chargers ) 21 -- 12 Lost Super Bowl XLII ( vs. Giants ) 14 -- 17 Tom Brady ( MVP , OPOY ) Bill Belichick ( COY ) 2008 2008 NFL AFC East 2nd 11 5 0 Jerod Mayo ( DROY ) 2009 2009 NFL AFC East 1st 10 6 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( Ravens ) 14 -- 33 Tom Brady ( CBPOY ) NFL AFC East 1st 14 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( Jets ) 21 -- 28 Tom Brady ( MVP , OPOY ) Bill Belichick ( COY ) 2011 2011 NFL AFC East 1st 13 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Broncos ) 45 -- 10 Won Conference Championship ( Ravens ) 23 -- 20 Lost Super Bowl XLVI ( vs. Giants ) 17 -- 21 2012 2012 NFL AFC East 1st 12 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Texans ) 41 -- 28 Lost Conference Championship ( Ravens ) 13 -- 28 2013 2013 NFL AFC East 1st 12 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Colts ) 43 -- 22 Lost Conference Championship ( at Broncos ) 16 -- 26 2014 2014 NFL AFC East 1st 12 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Ravens ) 35 -- 31 Won Conference Championship ( Colts ) 45 -- 7 Won Super Bowl XLIX ( 4 ) ( vs. Seahawks ) 28 -- 24 Rob Gronkowski ( CBPOY ) Tom Brady ( SB MVP ) 2015 2015 NFL AFC East 1st 12 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Chiefs ) 27 -- 20 Lost Conference Championship ( at Broncos ) 18 -- 20 2016 2016 NFL AFC East 1st 14 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Texans ) 34 -- 16 Won Conference Championship ( Steelers ) 36 -- 17 Won Super Bowl LI ( 5 ) ( vs. Falcons ) 34 -- 28 ( OT ) Tom Brady ( SB MVP ) 2017 2017 NFL AFC East 1st 13 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Titans ) 35 -- 14 Won Conference Championship ( Jaguars ) 24 -- 20 Super Bowl LII ( vs. Eagles ) Total 489 386 9 All - time regular season record ( 1960 -- 2017 ) 34 19 -- All - time postseason record ( 1960 -- 2017 ) 523 405 9 All - time regular & postseason record ( 1960 -- 2017 ) Tom","sentences":["Season Team League Conference Division Regular season Postseason results Awards Head coaches Finish Won Lost Ties Boston Patriots 1960 1960 AFL --","Eastern 4th 5 9 0","Lou Saban 1961 1961 AFL --","Eastern 2nd 9 Lou Saban ( 2 -- 3 )","Mike Holovak ( 7 -- 1 -- 1 ) 1962 1962","AFL --","Eastern 2nd 9 Mike Holovak 1963 1963 AFL --","Eastern 1st 7 6 Won Divisional Playoffs ( at Bills ) 26 -- 8 Lost AFL Championship ( at Chargers ) 10 -- 51 1964 1964 AFL --","Eastern 2nd 10 Gino Cappelletti ( MVP ) 1965 1965","AFL --","Eastern 3rd 8 1966 1966 AFL --","Eastern 2nd 8 Jim Nance ( MVP ) 1967 1967","AFL --","Eastern 5th 10 1968 1968 AFL --","Eastern 4th 10 0 1969 1969 AFL --","Eastern 3rd 10 0 Clive Rush 1970 1970","NFL AFC","East 5th 12 0 Clive Rush ( 1 -- 6 ) John Mazur ( 1 -- 6 ) New England Patriots 1971 1971 NFL AFC","East 3rd 6 8 0","John Mazur 1972 1972 NFL AFC","East 5th 11 0 John Mazur ( 2 -- 7 ) Phil Bengtson ( 1 -- 4 ) 1973 1973 NFL AFC","East 3rd 5 9 0 Chuck Fairbanks NFL AFC","East 3rd 7 7 0","NFL AFC","East 5th 11 0 1976 1976 NFL AFC","East 2nd 11 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Raiders ) 21 -- 24 Mike Haynes ( DROY ) 1977 1977","NFL AFC","East 3rd 9 5 0 1978 1978 NFL AFC East 1st 11 5 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( Oilers ) 14 -- 31 1979 1979 NFL AFC","East 2nd 9 7 0","Ron Erhardt 1980 1980 NFL AFC","East 2nd 10 6 0 1981 1981 NFL AFC","East 5th 14 0 1982 1982","NFL AFC 7th 5 0","Lost First Round ( at Dolphins ) 13 -- 28 Ron Meyer NFL AFC","East 2nd 8 8 0 1984 1984 NFL AFC","East 2nd 9 7 0","Ron Meyer ( 5 -- 3 ) Raymond Berry ( 4 -- 4 ) 1985 1985 NFL AFC","East 3rd 11 5 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( at Jets ) 26 -- 14 Won Divisional Playoffs ( at Raiders ) 27 -- 20 Won Conference Championship ( at Dolphins ) 31 -- 14 Lost Super Bowl XX ( vs. Bears ) 10 -- 46 Raymond Berry 1986 1986 NFL AFC","East 1st 11 5 0 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Broncos ) 17 -- 22 NFL AFC","East 2nd 8 7 0 1988 1988 NFL AFC","East 3rd 9 7 0","John Stephens ( OROY ) 1989 1989","NFL AFC","East 4th 5 11 0 1990 1990 NFL AFC East 5th 15 0 Rod Rust 1991 1991 NFL AFC","East 4th 6 10 0 Leonard Russell ( OROY )","Dick MacPherson 1992 1992 NFL AFC East 5th","14 0 1993 1993","NFL AFC","East 4th 5 11 0 Bill Parcells 1994 1994 NFL AFC","East 2nd 10 6 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Browns ) 13 -- 20 Bill Parcells ( COY ) 1995 1995","NFL AFC","East 4th 6 10 0","Curtis Martin ( OROY )","NFL AFC","East 1st 11 5 0 Won Divisional Playoffs ( Steelers ) 28 -- 3 Won Conference Championship ( Jaguars ) 20 -- 6 Lost Super Bowl XXXI ( vs. Packers ) 21 -- 35 1997 1997","NFL AFC","East 1st 10 6 0 Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Dolphins ) 17 -- 3 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Steelers )","6 -- 7 Pete Carroll 1998 1998 NFL AFC","East 4th 9 7 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( at Jaguars ) 10 -- 25 1999 1999 NFL AFC","East 5th 8 8 0 2000 2000 NFL AFC","East 5th 5 11 0 Bill Belichick 2001","2001 NFL AFC East 1st 11 5 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Raiders ) 16 -- 13 ( OT ) Won Conference Championship ( at Steelers ) 24 -- 17 Won Super Bowl XXXVI ( 1 ) ( vs. Rams ) 20 -- 17 Tom Brady ( SB MVP ) 2002 2002","NFL AFC","East 2nd 9 7 0 2003 2003 NFL AFC","East 1st 14 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Titans ) 17 -- 14 Won Conference Championship ( Colts ) 24 -- 14 Won Super Bowl XXXVIII ( 2 ) ( vs. Panthers ) 32 -- 29 Tom Brady ( SB MVP )","Bill Belichick ( COY )","NFL AFC","East 1st 14 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Colts ) 20 -- 3 Won Conference Championship ( at Steelers ) 41 -- 27 Won Super Bowl XXXIX ( 3 ) ( vs. Eagles ) 24 -- 21 Deion Branch ( SB MVP ) 2005 2005","NFL AFC East 1st 10 6 0","Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Jaguars ) 28 -- 3 Lost Divisional Playoffs ( at Broncos ) 13 -- 27 Tedy Bruschi ( CBPOY ) 2006 2006","NFL AFC East 1st 12 0","Won Wild Card Playoffs ( Jets ) 37 -- 16 Won Divisional Playoffs ( at Chargers ) 24 -- 21 Lost Conference Championship ( at Colts ) 34 -- 38 2007 2007","NFL AFC East 1st 16 0 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Jaguars ) 31 -- 20 Won Conference Championship ( Chargers ) 21 -- 12 Lost Super Bowl XLII ( vs. Giants ) 14 -- 17 Tom Brady ( MVP , OPOY )","Bill Belichick ( COY ) 2008 2008","NFL AFC","East 2nd 11 5 0 Jerod Mayo ( DROY )","2009 2009","NFL AFC East 1st 10 6 0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs ( Ravens ) 14 -- 33 Tom Brady ( CBPOY )","NFL AFC","East 1st 14 0","Lost Divisional Playoffs ( Jets ) 21 -- 28 Tom Brady ( MVP , OPOY )","Bill Belichick ( COY ) 2011 2011","NFL AFC East 1st 13 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Broncos ) 45 -- 10 Won Conference Championship ( Ravens ) 23 -- 20 Lost Super Bowl XLVI ( vs. Giants ) 17 -- 21 2012 2012 NFL AFC","East 1st 12 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Texans ) 41 -- 28 Lost Conference Championship ( Ravens ) 13 -- 28 2013 2013 NFL AFC","East 1st 12 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Colts ) 43 -- 22 Lost Conference Championship ( at Broncos ) 16 -- 26 2014 2014 NFL AFC","East 1st 12 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Ravens ) 35 -- 31 Won Conference Championship ( Colts ) 45 -- 7 Won Super Bowl XLIX ( 4 ) ( vs. Seahawks ) 28 -- 24 Rob Gronkowski ( CBPOY )","Tom Brady ( SB MVP ) 2015 2015","NFL AFC East 1st 12 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Chiefs ) 27 -- 20 Lost Conference Championship ( at Broncos ) 18 -- 20 2016 2016 NFL AFC","East 1st 14 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Texans ) 34 -- 16 Won Conference Championship ( Steelers ) 36 -- 17 Won Super Bowl LI ( 5 ) ( vs. Falcons ) 34 -- 28 ( OT )","Tom Brady ( SB MVP ) 2017 2017","NFL AFC","East 1st 13 0","Won Divisional Playoffs ( Titans ) 35 -- 14 Won Conference Championship ( Jaguars ) 24 -- 20 Super Bowl LII ( vs. Eagles )","Total 489 386 9 All - time regular season record ( 1960 -- 2017 )","34 19 -- All - time postseason record ( 1960 -- 2017 )","523 405 9 All - time regular & postseason record ( 1960 -- 2017 )","Tom"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3841865134063601154","input":"when do they post new episodes of big brother","passages":[{"title":"Big Brother (U.S. TV series)","text":"The Power of Veto is a power first introduced in Big Brother 3 . During its first season , it did not allow a nominated HouseGuest to use it on themselves . The final Power of Veto that season was the Golden Power of Veto , and allowed a nominated HouseGuest to remove themself from the block . Following this , the Golden Power of Veto was used in all subsequent seasons . The Diamond Power of Veto , used in Big Brother 12 allowed one HouseGuest to remove themselves from the block , as well as choose the replacement nominee only moments before the live eviction. Power of Veto competitions differ drastically from the Head of Household competition , with PoV competitions being more skill based in nature . Competitions such as the `` Pop Goes the Veto ! '' competition , which required HouseGuest to find letter tiles and spell the longest word , have been used in numerous consecutive seasons . Competitions such as the `` Big Brother Boardwalk '' competition see HouseGuests attempting to guess how much of an item there is ; this is one of various competitions that do not require HouseGuests to compete in a physical based competition . The `` How Bad Do You Want It ? '' Power of Veto competition , first introduced in the seventh season , saw HouseGuests taking punishments in exchange for advancing in the competition . Variations of this competition have been used in numerous subsequent seasons . HouseGuests Janelle Pierzina ( S7 ) , Daniele Donato ( S8 ) , Paul Abrahamian ( S19 ) , and Kaycee Clark ( S20 ) currently hold the record for most Power of Veto wins in a single season , with five wins each . HouseGuests James Zinkand , Frank Eudy , Shane Meaney and Kaycee Clark all hold the record for most consecutive Power of Veto wins , with three each .","sentences":["The Power of Veto is a power first introduced in Big Brother 3 .","During its first season , it did not allow a nominated HouseGuest to use it on themselves .","The final Power of Veto that season was the Golden Power of Veto , and allowed a nominated HouseGuest to remove themself from the block .","Following this , the Golden Power of Veto was used in all subsequent seasons .","The Diamond Power of Veto , used in Big Brother 12 allowed one HouseGuest to remove themselves from the block , as well as choose the replacement nominee only moments before the live eviction.","Power of Veto competitions differ drastically from the Head of Household competition , with PoV competitions being more skill based in nature .","Competitions such as the `` Pop Goes the Veto ! ''","competition , which required HouseGuest to find letter tiles and spell the longest word , have been used in numerous consecutive seasons .","Competitions such as the `` Big Brother Boardwalk '' competition see HouseGuests attempting to guess how much of an item there is ; this is one of various competitions that do not require HouseGuests to compete in a physical based competition .","The `` How Bad Do You Want It ? ''","Power of Veto competition , first introduced in the seventh season , saw HouseGuests taking punishments in exchange for advancing in the competition .","Variations of this competition have been used in numerous subsequent seasons .","HouseGuests Janelle Pierzina ( S7 ) , Daniele Donato ( S8 ) , Paul Abrahamian ( S19 ) , and Kaycee Clark ( S20 ) currently hold the record for most Power of Veto wins in a single season , with five wins each .","HouseGuests James Zinkand , Frank Eudy , Shane Meaney and Kaycee Clark all hold the record for most consecutive Power of Veto wins , with three each ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6157662414681847143","input":"when was the first colour video camera invented","passages":[{"title":"Color motion picture film","text":"The first practical subtractive color process was introduced by Kodak as `` Kodachrome '' , a name recycled twenty years later for a very different and far better - known product . Filter - photographed red and blue - green records were printed onto the front and back of one strip of black - and - white duplitized film . After development , the resulting silver images were bleached away and replaced with color dyes , red on one side and cyan on the other . The pairs of superimposed dye images reproduced a useful but limited range of color . Kodak 's first narrative film with the process was a short subject entitled Concerning $1000 ( 1916 ) . Though their duplitized film provided the basis for several commercialized two - color printing processes , the image origination and color - toning methods constituting Kodak 's own process were little - used .","sentences":["The first practical subtractive color process was introduced by Kodak as `` Kodachrome '' , a name recycled twenty years later for a very different and far better - known product .","Filter - photographed red and blue - green records were printed onto the front and back of one strip of black - and - white duplitized film .","After development , the resulting silver images were bleached away and replaced with color dyes , red on one side and cyan on the other .","The pairs of superimposed dye images reproduced a useful but limited range of color .","Kodak 's first narrative film with the process was a short subject entitled Concerning $1000 ( 1916 ) .","Though their duplitized film provided the basis for several commercialized two - color printing processes , the image origination and color - toning methods constituting Kodak 's own process were little - used ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-497020572640723320","input":"why did nasa shut down the space shuttle program","passages":[{"title":"Space Shuttle retirement","text":"Two modified Boeing 747s were used to fly the shuttles back to KSC when they landed at Edwards AFB . N911NA was retired on February 8 , 2012 and is now a parts hulk for the `` SOFIA '' 747 . Beginning in September 2014 , N911NA was loaned out to the Joe Davies Heritage Airpark , in Palmdale , CA , where it is on outdoor display next to the B - 52 . The other aircraft , N905NA was used to send Discovery , Endeavour and Enterprise to their museums and in September 2012 was found to have few parts for Sofia . It is currently a museum piece at the Johnson Space Center . NASA","sentences":["Two modified Boeing 747s were used to fly the shuttles back to KSC when they landed at Edwards AFB .","N911NA was retired on February 8 , 2012 and is now a parts hulk for the `` SOFIA '' 747 .","Beginning in September 2014 , N911NA was loaned out to the Joe Davies Heritage Airpark , in Palmdale , CA , where it is on outdoor display next to the B - 52 .","The other aircraft , N905NA was used to send Discovery , Endeavour and Enterprise to their museums and in September 2012 was found to have few parts for Sofia .","It is currently a museum piece at the Johnson Space Center .","NASA"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2550836913478394657","input":"who fixes the defect by modifying the code","passages":[{"title":"Software inspection","text":"Author : The person who created the work product being inspected . Moderator : This is the leader of the inspection . The moderator plans the inspection and coordinates it . Reader : The person reading through the documents , one item at a time . The other inspectors then point out defects . Recorder \/ Scribe : The person that documents the defects that are found during the inspection . Inspector : The person that examines the work product to identify possible defects .","sentences":["Author : The person who created the work product being inspected .","Moderator :","This is the leader of the inspection .","The moderator plans the inspection and coordinates it .","Reader :","The person reading through the documents , one item at a time .","The other inspectors then point out defects .","Recorder \/ Scribe : The person that documents the defects that are found during the inspection .","Inspector :","The person that examines the work product to identify possible defects ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8928518302780398834","input":"the current chief minister of which of these pairs of straight share the same surname","passages":[{"title":"List of current Indian chief ministers","text":"In the Republic of India , a chief minister is the head of government of each of twenty - nine states and two union territories ( Delhi and Puducherry ) . According to the Constitution of India , at the state - level , the governor is de jure head , but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister . Following elections to the state legislative assembly , the governor usually invites the party ( or coalition ) with a majority of seats to form the government . The governor appoints the chief minister , whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly . Given he has the assembly 's confidence , the chief minister 's term is usually for a maximum of five years ; there are no limits to the number of terms he \/ she can serve .","sentences":["In the Republic of India , a chief minister is the head of government of each of twenty - nine states and two union territories ( Delhi and Puducherry ) .","According to the Constitution of India , at the state - level , the governor is de jure head , but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister .","Following elections to the state legislative assembly , the governor usually invites the party ( or coalition ) with a majority of seats to form the government .","The governor appoints the chief minister , whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly .","Given he has the assembly 's confidence , the chief minister 's term is usually for a maximum of five years ; there are no limits to the number of terms","he \/","she can serve ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4454728574954269070","input":"where was the boy in striped pajamas filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)","text":"After the funeral of his grandmother who was killed in Berlin by an enemy bombing , Ralf tells Bruno and Gretel that Elsa , their mother , suggests that they go to live with a relative because it is not safe there . In truth , Elsa suggests this because she does not want her children living with their murderous father . Shmuel has problems of his own ; his father has gone missing after those with whom he participated in a march did not return to the camp . Bruno decides to redeem himself by helping Shmuel find his father . The next day , Bruno , who is due to leave that afternoon , dons a striped prisoners ' outfit and a cap to cover his unshaven head , and digs under the fence to join Shmuel in the search . Bruno soon discovers the true nature of the camp after seeing the many sick and weak - looking Jews , much to his shock . While searching , the boys are taken on a march with other inmates by Sonderkommandos .","sentences":["After the funeral of his grandmother who was killed in Berlin by an enemy bombing , Ralf tells Bruno and Gretel that Elsa , their mother , suggests that they go to live with a relative because it is not safe there .","In truth , Elsa suggests this because she does not want her children living with their murderous father .","Shmuel has problems of his own ; his father has gone missing after those with whom he participated in a march did not return to the camp .","Bruno decides to redeem himself by helping Shmuel find his father .","The next day , Bruno , who is due to leave that afternoon , dons a striped prisoners ' outfit and a cap to cover his unshaven head , and digs under the fence to join Shmuel in the search .","Bruno soon discovers the true nature of the camp after seeing the many sick and weak - looking Jews , much to his shock .","While searching , the boys are taken on a march with other inmates by Sonderkommandos ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6373568898927404861","input":"who is the thinker associated with state of nature","passages":[{"title":"State of nature","text":"John Rawls used what amounted to an artificial state of nature . To develop his theory of justice , Rawls places everyone in the original position . The original position is a hypothetical state of nature used as a thought experiment development to Rawls ' theory of justice . People in the original position have no society and are under a veil of ignorance that prevents them from knowing how they may benefit from society . They lack foreknowledge of their intelligence , wealth , or abilities . Rawls reasons that people in the original position would want a society where they had their basic liberties protected and where they had some economic guarantees as well . If society were to be constructed from scratch through a social agreement between individuals , these principles would be the expected basis of such an agreement . Thus , these principles should form the basis of real , modern societies since everyone should consent to them if society were organized from scratch in fair agreements .","sentences":["John Rawls used what amounted to an artificial state of nature .","To develop his theory of justice , Rawls places everyone in the original position .","The original position is a hypothetical state of nature used as a thought experiment development to Rawls ' theory of justice .","People in the original position have no society and are under a veil of ignorance that prevents them from knowing how they may benefit from society .","They lack foreknowledge of their intelligence , wealth , or abilities .","Rawls reasons that people in the original position would want a society where they had their basic liberties protected and where they had some economic guarantees as well .","If society were to be constructed from scratch through a social agreement between individuals , these principles would be the expected basis of such an agreement .","Thus , these principles should form the basis of real , modern societies since everyone should consent to them if society were organized from scratch in fair agreements ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"613833497819278146","input":"what is the most current season of grey's anatomy","passages":[{"title":"Grey's Anatomy (season 14)","text":"April crosses Bailey when she disagrees on Bailey 's treatment plan for a rabbi who came in three times for diverticulitis and only gave him antibiotics , and who is now suffering from toxic epidermal necrolysis as a side effect . As April treats the rabbi , he gives her a lesson on faith which allows her to reflect on her recent struggles . Meredith buddies up with a new transplant surgeon from the Mayo Clinic , Dr Nick Marsh , who is recovering from a recent kidney transplant of his own . After his lab results come back , Meredith rushes him to surgery to remove a blood clot and successfully saves his kidney . After calling it quits with Amelia , Owen reconnects with Teddy , who now lives in Germany . However , after the short , happy reunion , Teddy learns that just a short while ago he was still sleeping with Amelia and refuses to be his second choice .","sentences":["April crosses Bailey when she disagrees on Bailey 's treatment plan for a rabbi who came in three times for diverticulitis and only gave him antibiotics , and who is now suffering from toxic epidermal necrolysis as a side effect .","As April treats the rabbi , he gives her a lesson on faith which allows her to reflect on her recent struggles .","Meredith buddies up with a new transplant surgeon from the Mayo Clinic , Dr Nick Marsh , who is recovering from a recent kidney transplant of his own .","After his lab results come back , Meredith rushes him to surgery to remove a blood clot and successfully saves his kidney .","After calling it quits with Amelia , Owen reconnects with Teddy , who now lives in Germany .","However , after the short , happy reunion , Teddy learns that just a short while ago he was still sleeping with Amelia and refuses to be his second choice ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9070952231690606811","input":"who were the 2 students that died in 13 reasons why","passages":[{"title":"Soweto uprising","text":"The association of Afrikaans with apartheid prompted black South Africans to prefer English . Even the Bantustan regimes chose English and an indigenous African language as official languages . In addition , English was gaining prominence as the language most often used in commerce and industry . The 1974 decree was intended to forcibly reverse the decline of Afrikaans among black Africans . The Afrikaner - dominated government used the clause of the 1909 Union of South Africa Act that recognised only English and Dutch ( the latter being replaced by Afrikaans in 1925 ) as official languages as the pretext to do so . While all schools had to provide instruction in both Afrikaans and English as languages , white South African students learned other subjects in their home language .","sentences":["The association of Afrikaans with apartheid prompted black South Africans to prefer English .","Even the Bantustan regimes chose English and an indigenous African language as official languages .","In addition , English was gaining prominence as the language most often used in commerce and industry .","The 1974 decree was intended to forcibly reverse the decline of Afrikaans among black Africans .","The Afrikaner - dominated government used the clause of the 1909 Union of South Africa Act that recognised only English and Dutch ( the latter being replaced by Afrikaans in 1925 ) as official languages as the pretext to do so .","While all schools had to provide instruction in both Afrikaans and English as languages , white South African students learned other subjects in their home language ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6154084884874701794","input":"what was the worst hurricane in puerto rico","passages":[{"title":"Hurricane Hugo","text":"The remnants of Hugo tracked northeastward and entered the Canadian province of Quebec . In Montreal , rainfall reached only 0.43 in ( 11 mm ) , while precipitation amounts in the province peaked at 3.73 in ( 95 mm ) . In addition to light rain , high winds were reported in the province . Winds in Montreal gusted up to 59 mph ( 95 km \/ h ) , leaving 13,400 homes without electricity . 7,400 residence in Verdun and West Island also lost electricity when tree fell on power lines ; it was restored about 12 hours later . While in Brossard and Chambly power was lost to 5,000 homes and 1,000 homes in Valleyfield . In addition , high winds and heavy rainfall also occurred in the St. Lawrence River Valley . New","sentences":["The remnants of Hugo tracked northeastward and entered the Canadian province of Quebec .","In Montreal , rainfall reached only 0.43 in ( 11 mm ) , while precipitation amounts in the province peaked at 3.73 in ( 95 mm ) .","In addition to light rain , high winds were reported in the province .","Winds in Montreal gusted up to 59 mph ( 95 km \/ h ) , leaving 13,400 homes without electricity .","7,400 residence in Verdun and West Island also lost electricity when tree fell on power lines ; it was restored about 12 hours later .","While in Brossard and Chambly power was lost to 5,000 homes and 1,000 homes in Valleyfield .","In addition , high winds and heavy rainfall also occurred in the St. Lawrence River Valley .","New"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1774844385057698031","input":"what is the meaning behind beethoven's fur elise","passages":[{"title":"F\u00fcr Elise","text":"It is not certain who `` Elise '' was . Max Unger suggested that Ludwig Nohl may have transcribed the title incorrectly and the original work may have been named `` F\u00fcr Therese '' , a reference to Therese Malfatti von Rohrenbach zu Dezza ( 1792 -- 1851 ) . She was a friend and student of Beethoven 's to whom he supposedly proposed in 1810 , though she turned him down to marry the Austrian nobleman and state official Wilhelm von Dro\u00dfdik in 1816 . Note that the piano sonata no . 24 , dedicated to Countess Th\u00e9r\u00e8se von Brunswick , is also referred to sometimes as `` f\u00fcr Therese '' . The Austrian musicologist Michael Lorenz has shown that Rudolf Schachner , who in 1851 inherited Therese von Dro\u00dfdik 's musical scores , was the son of Babette Bredl , born out of wedlock . Babette in 1865 let Nohl copy the autograph in her possession .","sentences":["It is not certain who `` Elise '' was .","Max Unger suggested that Ludwig Nohl may have transcribed the title incorrectly and the original work may have been named `` F\u00fcr Therese '' , a reference to Therese Malfatti von Rohrenbach zu Dezza ( 1792 -- 1851 ) .","She was a friend and student of Beethoven 's to whom he supposedly proposed in 1810 , though she turned him down to marry the Austrian nobleman and state official Wilhelm von Dro\u00dfdik in 1816 .","Note that the piano sonata no .","24 , dedicated to Countess Th\u00e9r\u00e8se von Brunswick , is also referred to sometimes as `` f\u00fcr Therese '' .","The Austrian musicologist Michael Lorenz has shown that Rudolf Schachner , who in 1851 inherited Therese von Dro\u00dfdik 's musical scores , was the son of Babette Bredl , born out of wedlock .","Babette in 1865 let Nohl copy the autograph in her possession ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5556411090998508842","input":"where did i go wrong i lost a friend meaning","passages":[{"title":"How to Save a Life","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2006 -- 07 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) 46 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 7 Belgium ( Ultratip Wallonia ) Canada ( Canadian Hot 100 ) 17 European Singles Chart 14 France ( SNEP ) 35 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 45 Ireland ( IRMA ) Italy Digital Singles ( FIMI ) 5 Italy Physical Singles ( FIMI ) 29 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 20 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) 7 Norway ( VG - lista ) 10 Portugal ( Billboard ) 7 Scotland ( Official Charts Company ) 6 Slovakia ( R\u00e1dio Top 100 ) 83 Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 5 Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) 28 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Mainstream Top 40 ( Billboard ) US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Alternative Songs ( Billboard ) 31 US Adult Top 40 ( Billboard ) Chart ( 2012 ) Peak position UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 34 Chart ( 2013 ) Peak position UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 30 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2006 ) Position US Billboard Hot 100 27 Chart ( 2007 ) Position Australia ( ARIA ) 18 Belgium ( Ultratop Flanders ) 40 Ireland ( IRMA ) 10 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) 38 Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 93 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 11 US Billboard Hot 100 24 Decade - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2000 - 2009 ) Position US Billboard Hot 100 58 Certifications ( edit ) Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Australia ( ARIA ) Platinum 70,000 Canada ( Music Canada ) Platinum 20,000 Denmark ( IFPI Denmark ) Gold 7,500 Italy ( FIMI ) Gold 15,000 New Zealand ( RMNZ ) Gold 7,500 United Kingdom ( BPI ) Platinum 748,702 United States ( RIAA ) 4 \u00d7 Platinum 4,700,000 Streaming Denmark ( IFPI Denmark ) Gold 900,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2006 -- 07 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 )","46 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 7 Belgium ( Ultratip Wallonia )","Canada ( Canadian Hot 100 ) 17 European Singles Chart 14 France ( SNEP ) 35 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 45 Ireland ( IRMA )","Italy Digital Singles ( FIMI ) 5","Italy Physical Singles ( FIMI ) 29 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 )","20","New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ )","7 Norway ( VG - lista ) 10 Portugal ( Billboard ) 7 Scotland ( Official Charts Company ) 6 Slovakia ( R\u00e1dio Top 100 ) 83","Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 5","Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) 28 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 US Mainstream Top 40 ( Billboard ) US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) US Alternative Songs ( Billboard )","31","US Adult Top 40 ( Billboard ) Chart ( 2012 )","Peak position UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","34 Chart ( 2013 )","Peak position UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","30 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2006 )","Position US Billboard Hot 100 27 Chart ( 2007 ) Position Australia ( ARIA ) 18 Belgium ( Ultratop Flanders ) 40 Ireland ( IRMA ) 10 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) 38 Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 93 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","11 US Billboard Hot 100 24 Decade - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2000 - 2009 )","Position US Billboard","Hot 100 58 Certifications ( edit )","Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Australia ( ARIA )","Platinum 70,000 Canada ( Music Canada )","Platinum 20,000 Denmark ( IFPI Denmark )","Gold 7,500 Italy ( FIMI )","Gold 15,000 New Zealand ( RMNZ )","Gold 7,500 United Kingdom ( BPI )","Platinum 748,702 United States ( RIAA ) 4 \u00d7","Platinum 4,700,000 Streaming Denmark ( IFPI Denmark )","Gold 900,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8644433773830404176","input":"what are the different classification of operating system","passages":[{"title":"Operating system","text":"The key design goal of device drivers is abstraction . Every model of hardware ( even within the same class of device ) is different . Newer models also are released by manufacturers that provide more reliable or better performance and these newer models are often controlled differently . Computers and their operating systems can not be expected to know how to control every device , both now and in the future . To solve this problem , operating systems essentially dictate how every type of device should be controlled . The function of the device driver is then to translate these operating system mandated function calls into device specific calls . In theory a new device , which is controlled in a new manner , should function correctly if a suitable driver is available . This new driver ensures that the device appears to operate as usual from the operating system 's point of view .","sentences":["The key design goal of device drivers is abstraction .","Every model of hardware ( even within the same class of device ) is different .","Newer models also are released by manufacturers that provide more reliable or better performance and these newer models are often controlled differently .","Computers and their operating systems can not be expected to know how to control every device , both now and in the future .","To solve this problem , operating systems essentially dictate how every type of device should be controlled .","The function of the device driver is then to translate these operating system mandated function calls into device specific calls .","In theory a new device , which is controlled in a new manner , should function correctly if a suitable driver is available .","This new driver ensures that the device appears to operate as usual from the operating system 's point of view ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7748525453436534192","input":"who sings going up to the spirit in the sky","passages":[{"title":"Spirit in the Sky","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1969 -- 70 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canadian RPM Top Singles Germany ( Official German Charts ) Irish Singles Chart Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) Norway ( VG - lista ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1970 ) Rank Australia Canada 19 US Billboard Hot 100 22","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1969 -- 70 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report )","Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canadian RPM Top Singles Germany ( Official German Charts ) Irish Singles Chart Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 )","Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) Norway ( VG - lista )","Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1970 )","Rank Australia Canada 19 US Billboard Hot 100 22"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3361273177018059638","input":"who was the first living indian to feature one a postage stamp of india","passages":[{"title":"Postage stamps and postal history of India","text":"From 1 January 1926 all printing and overprinting of India ' postage stamps was conducted at India Security Press , Nasik . The possibility of printing postage stamps and other security items in India had been enquired into before the First World War but could not be pursued at that time . In 1922 , the feasibility of this issue was explored in England by Lt Col C.H. Willis , C.I.E. , then master of the Bombay Mint , and Mr F.D. Ascoti , I.C.S. , Controller of Printing , Stationery and Stamps . Their favourable report , followed by a successful demonstration of production techniques in Delhi in 1923 , led to the decision of the Government to establish a security press at Nashik . The responsibility of setting up the Press was entrusted to none other than the London firm of Thomas De La Rue which already had a six - decade long association with Indian stamps . The construction began in 1924 at an original estimate of Rs 271\u20442 lakhs and was completed in 1925 with additional costs of Rs 67 and 1 \/ 400,000 .","sentences":["From 1 January 1926 all printing and overprinting of India ' postage stamps was conducted at India Security Press , Nasik .","The possibility of printing postage stamps and other security items in India had been enquired into before the First World War but could not be pursued at that time .","In 1922 , the feasibility of this issue was explored in England by Lt Col C.H. Willis , C.I.E. , then master of the Bombay Mint , and Mr F.D. Ascoti , I.C.S. , Controller of Printing , Stationery and Stamps .","Their favourable report , followed by a successful demonstration of production techniques in Delhi in 1923 , led to the decision of the Government to establish a security press at Nashik .","The responsibility of setting up the Press was entrusted to none other than the London firm of Thomas De La Rue which already had a six - decade long association with Indian stamps .","The construction began in 1924 at an original estimate of Rs 271\u20442 lakhs and was completed in 1925 with additional costs of Rs 67 and 1 \/ 400,000 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"929457790448641843","input":"where is the oldest redwood tree in california","passages":[{"title":"General Sherman (tree)","text":"Height above base 274.9 ft 83.8 m Circumference at ground 102.6 ft 31.3 m Maximum diameter at base 36.5 ft 11.1 m Diameter 4.50 ft ( 1.37 m ) above height point on ground 25.1 ft 7.7 m Girth Diameter 60 ft ( 18 m ) above base 17.5 ft 5.3 m Diameter 180 ft ( 55 m ) above base 14.0 ft 4.3 m Diameter of largest branch 6.8 ft 2.1 m Height of first large branch above the base 130.0 ft 39.6 m Average crown spread 106.5 ft 32.5 m Estimated bole volume 52,508 cu ft 1,487 m Estimated mass ( wet ) ( 1938 ) 2,105 short tons 1,910 t Estimated bole mass ( 1938 ) 2,472,000 lb 1,121 t","sentences":["Height above base 274.9 ft 83.8 m","Circumference at ground 102.6 ft 31.3 m","Maximum diameter at base 36.5 ft 11.1 m","Diameter 4.50 ft ( 1.37 m ) above height point on ground 25.1 ft 7.7 m Girth Diameter 60","ft ( 18 m ) above base 17.5 ft 5.3 m Diameter 180 ft ( 55 m ) above base 14.0 ft 4.3 m","Diameter of largest branch 6.8 ft 2.1 m Height of first large branch above the base 130.0 ft 39.6 m","Average crown spread 106.5 ft 32.5 m","Estimated bole volume 52,508 cu ft 1,487 m Estimated mass ( wet )","( 1938 )","2,105 short tons 1,910 t Estimated bole mass ( 1938 ) 2,472,000 lb 1,121 t"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"596715643770811395","input":"which soviet leader's name should be placed in the blank","passages":[{"title":"Cheka","text":"On August 3 , a VCheKa section for combating counterrevolution , speculation and sabotage on railways was created . On August 7 , 1918 , Sovnarkom adopted a decree on the organization of the railway section at VCheKa . Combating counterrevolution , speculation , and malfeasance on railroads was passed under the jurisdiction of the railway section of VCheKa and local Cheka . In August 1918 , railway sections were formed under the Gubcheks . Formally , they were part of the non-resident sections , but in fact constituted a separate division , largely autonomous in their activities . The gubernatorial and oblast - type Chekas retained in relationship to the transportation sections only control and investigative functions .","sentences":["On August 3 , a VCheKa section for combating counterrevolution , speculation and sabotage on railways was created .","On August 7 , 1918 , Sovnarkom adopted a decree on the organization of the railway section at VCheKa .","Combating counterrevolution , speculation , and malfeasance on railroads was passed under the jurisdiction of the railway section of VCheKa and local Cheka .","In August 1918 , railway sections were formed under the Gubcheks .","Formally , they were part of the non-resident sections , but in fact constituted a separate division , largely autonomous in their activities .","The gubernatorial and oblast - type Chekas retained in relationship to the transportation sections only control and investigative functions ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1161275042734767953","input":"who has called prime minister primus inter pares","passages":[{"title":"Primus inter pares","text":"Primus inter pares ( Ancient Greek : \u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u1f7a \u1f34\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd , pr\u014dtos metax\u1ef3 \u00eds\u014dn ) is a Latin phrase meaning first among equals . It is typically used as an honorary title for those who are formally equal to other members of their group but are accorded unofficial respect , traditionally owing to their seniority in office . Historically , the princeps senatus of the Roman Senate was such a figure and initially only bore the distinction that he was allowed to speak first during debate . Also , Constantine the Great was given the role of primus inter pares . However , the term is also often used ironically or self - deprecatingly by leaders with much higher status as a form of respect , camaraderie , or propaganda . After the fall of the Republic , Roman emperors initially referred to themselves only as princeps despite having power of life and death over their `` fellow citizens '' . Various modern figures such as the Chair of the Federal Reserve , the prime minister of parliamentary regimes , the Federal President of Switzerland , the Chief Justice of the United States , and the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox Church fall under both senses : bearing higher status and various additional powers while remaining still merely equal to their peers in important senses .","sentences":["Primus inter pares ( Ancient Greek : \u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u1f7a \u1f34\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd , pr\u014dtos metax\u1ef3 \u00eds\u014dn ) is a Latin phrase meaning first among equals .","It is typically used as an honorary title for those who are formally equal to other members of their group but are accorded unofficial respect , traditionally owing to their seniority in office .","Historically , the princeps senatus of the Roman Senate was such a figure and initially only bore the distinction that he was allowed to speak first during debate .","Also , Constantine the Great was given the role of primus inter pares .","However , the term is also often used ironically or self - deprecatingly by leaders with much higher status as a form of respect , camaraderie , or propaganda .","After the fall of the Republic , Roman emperors initially referred to themselves only as princeps despite having power of life and death over their `` fellow citizens '' .","Various modern figures such as the Chair of the Federal Reserve , the prime minister of parliamentary regimes , the Federal President of Switzerland , the Chief Justice of the United States , and the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox Church fall under both senses : bearing higher status and various additional powers while remaining still merely equal to their peers in important senses ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2826009502804797858","input":"what were the two major complaints about the new deal","passages":[{"title":"Criticism of Franklin D. Roosevelt","text":"Garraty suggested that there were some `` striking '' similarities between Roosevelt 's programs and German anti-depression policies , but concluded that the New Deal did not have much in common with fascism in total because of the vast political differences between the two systems . Roosevelt expanded political participation for the less fortunate and Garraty stated that the main reason for the similarities was that both nations were dealing with problems that were unique in the industrial world . Garraty stated that the New Deal lacked any consistent ideological base . While the Brains Trust got a lot of attention , theorists never had much impact on Roosevelt who drew on populism , with its hostility to bankers and its willingness to inflate the currency ; Theodore Roosevelt 's New Nationalism in its dislike of competition and deemphasis on antitrust laws ; and the ideas of social workers from the Progressive Era . Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis influenced Roosevelt on financial reforms . The War Labor Board from World War I influenced Roosevelt 's labor policy .","sentences":["Garraty suggested that there were some `` striking '' similarities between Roosevelt 's programs and German anti-depression policies , but concluded that the New Deal did not have much in common with fascism in total because of the vast political differences between the two systems .","Roosevelt expanded political participation for the less fortunate and Garraty stated that the main reason for the similarities was that both nations were dealing with problems that were unique in the industrial world .","Garraty stated that the New Deal lacked any consistent ideological base .","While the Brains Trust got a lot of attention , theorists never had much impact on Roosevelt who drew on populism , with its hostility to bankers and its willingness to inflate the currency ; Theodore Roosevelt 's New Nationalism in its dislike of competition and deemphasis on antitrust laws ; and the ideas of social workers from the Progressive Era .","Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis influenced Roosevelt on financial reforms .","The War Labor Board from World War I influenced Roosevelt 's labor policy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8400588831627149035","input":"what is the highest level in martial arts","passages":[{"title":"Red belt (martial arts)","text":"A Red Belt is one of several colored belts used in some martial arts where each practitioner 's level is marked by the color of the belt , these are most commonly those of Kodokan style Judo origin . Like the more commonly known Black Belt , its use varies between arts , with most using it for the style founder , Grandmaster or other high rank , while others use it as the immediately pre-black belt rank or even to denote a beginner who holds no rank . In some schools , a red belt signifies ninth or tenth degree Dan rank , where the tenth degree is the highest rank attainable . In karate , even though grandmasters and non-black belts ( according to whatever system ) may both wear a `` red belt '' , the difference is obvious . Not only is there a clear difference in age , but the respective belts are different , as well : Dan rank belts are broader , with kyu ( pre-black belt ) rank belts normally having a width of 4 centimeters and dan rank belts having a width of 5 centimeters . Also , the grandmaster 's red belt is usually darker in color and embroidered with the person 's name and style ( as customary for dan rank belts ) .","sentences":["A Red Belt is one of several colored belts used in some martial arts where each practitioner 's level is marked by the color of the belt , these are most commonly those of Kodokan style Judo origin .","Like the more commonly known Black Belt , its use varies between arts , with most using it for the style founder , Grandmaster or other high rank , while others use it as the immediately pre-black belt rank or even to denote a beginner who holds no rank .","In some schools , a red belt signifies ninth or tenth degree Dan rank , where the tenth degree is the highest rank attainable .","In karate , even though grandmasters and non-black belts ( according to whatever system ) may both wear a `` red belt '' , the difference is obvious .","Not only is there a clear difference in age , but the respective belts are different , as well : Dan rank belts are broader , with kyu ( pre-black belt ) rank belts normally having a width of 4 centimeters and dan rank belts having a width of 5 centimeters .","Also , the grandmaster 's red belt is usually darker in color and embroidered with the person 's name and style ( as customary for dan rank belts ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6552660741986708878","input":"where is seine river located on a map","passages":[{"title":"Seine","text":"This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French . ( July 2014 ) Click ( show ) for important translation instructions . ( show ) View a machine - translated version of the French article . Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations , but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate , rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia . Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality . If possible , verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article . You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation . A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution . You should also add the template ( ( Translated fr Seine ) ) to the talk page . For more guidance , see Wikipedia : Translation .","sentences":["This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French .","( July 2014 )","Click ( show ) for important translation instructions .","( show )","View a machine - translated version of the French article .","Google 's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations , but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate , rather than simply copy - pasting machine - translated text into the English Wikipedia .","Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low - quality .","If possible , verify the text with references provided in the foreign - language article .","You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation .","A model attribution edit summary ( using German ) : Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at ( ( : de : Exact name of German article ) ) ; see its history for attribution .","You should also add the template ( ( Translated fr Seine ) ) to the talk page .","For more guidance , see Wikipedia : Translation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8483825153402161808","input":"when was the first 12 gauge shotgun made","passages":[{"title":"Shotgun","text":"The shot pellets from a shotgun spread upon leaving the barrel , and the power of the burning charge is divided among the pellets , which means that the energy of any one ball of shot is fairly low . In a hunting context , this makes shotguns useful primarily for hunting birds and other small game . However , in a military or law enforcement context , the large number of projectiles makes the shotgun useful as a close quarters combat weapon or a defensive weapon . Militants or insurgents may use shotguns in asymmetric engagements , as shotguns are commonly owned civilian weapons in many countries . Shotguns are also used for target shooting sports such as skeet , trap , and sporting clays . These involve shooting clay disks , known as clay pigeons , thrown in various ways .","sentences":["The shot pellets from a shotgun spread upon leaving the barrel , and the power of the burning charge is divided among the pellets , which means that the energy of any one ball of shot is fairly low .","In a hunting context , this makes shotguns useful primarily for hunting birds and other small game .","However , in a military or law enforcement context , the large number of projectiles makes the shotgun useful as a close quarters combat weapon or a defensive weapon .","Militants or insurgents may use shotguns in asymmetric engagements , as shotguns are commonly owned civilian weapons in many countries .","Shotguns are also used for target shooting sports such as skeet , trap , and sporting clays .","These involve shooting clay disks , known as clay pigeons , thrown in various ways ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3952437060737590907","input":"where did brad keselowski start in the race today","passages":[{"title":"Brad Keselowski","text":"On Wednesday , April 17 , 2013 , NASCAR announced penalties related to the rear - housing infraction discovered in Keselowski and Logano 's cars prior to the NRA 500 : Keselowski 's crew chief Paul Wolfe , car chief Jerry Kelley , team engineer Brian Wilson and Penske competition director Travis Geisler were all suspended for the next six races , including the non-points Sprint All - star Race . Wolfe was also fined $100,000 and Keselowski was docked 25 driver points . Identical penalties were also handed down to all of the people in the same positions on Logano 's team . Penske Racing released a statement saying the organization planned to appeal the penalties , but on May 1 , the NASCAR Appeals Panel unanimously upheld the penalties . Team owner Roger Penske said he would further appeal the ruling to NASCAR Chief Appellate Officer John Middlebrook . 2014","sentences":["On Wednesday , April 17 , 2013 , NASCAR announced penalties related to the rear - housing infraction discovered in Keselowski and Logano 's cars prior to the NRA 500 :","Keselowski 's crew chief Paul Wolfe , car chief Jerry Kelley , team engineer Brian Wilson and Penske competition director Travis Geisler were all suspended for the next six races , including the non-points Sprint All - star Race .","Wolfe was also fined $100,000 and Keselowski was docked 25 driver points .","Identical penalties were also handed down to all of the people in the same positions on Logano 's team .","Penske Racing released a statement saying the organization planned to appeal the penalties , but on May 1 , the NASCAR Appeals Panel unanimously upheld the penalties .","Team owner Roger Penske said he would further appeal the ruling to NASCAR Chief Appellate Officer John Middlebrook .","2014"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4322837614069003799","input":"why did tall guy car reviews go to prison","passages":[{"title":"George Takei","text":"Takei is both a Buddhist and an avid Anglophile . On his personal website he had this to say : `` Those who know me know that I am an inconvertible Anglophile -- or more broadly , a Britanophile , which includes my affection for Scotland and Wales as well . I love things British . My car is British . My wardrobe , to a good extent , is British . I even love the food in London -- I think British food has shaken its prevailing perception as indigestible and become quite wonderful . I try to get to Britain for holidays as often as I can . I love things British . '' Takei","sentences":["Takei is both a Buddhist and an avid Anglophile .","On his personal website he had this to say : `` Those who know me know that I am an inconvertible Anglophile -- or more broadly , a Britanophile , which includes my affection for Scotland and Wales as well .","I love things British .","My car is British .","My wardrobe , to a good extent , is British .","I even love the food in London -- I think British food has shaken its prevailing perception as indigestible and become quite wonderful .","I try to get to Britain for holidays as often as I can .","I love things British . ''","Takei"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1722731175974841311","input":"where does the phrase lightning in a bottle come from","passages":[{"title":"Lightning in a Bottle","text":"In 2004 , the event 's co-founders and producers , who now called themselves The Do LaB , hosted Lightning in a Bottle at Gold Creek Ranch in the Angeles National Forest . After a one - year hiatus , they revived the festival in July 2006 at Live Oak Camp in Santa Barbara , California , and returned each May thereafter through 2008 . However , after this eighth festival The Do LaB decided to relocate Lightning in a Bottle to accommodate the increasing attendance . Another one - year hiatus passed , and in 2010 they brought the festival to Oak Canyon Ranch in Silverado , California . In 2013 , the event was moved to Lake Skinner in Winchester , California . For the first time , the event has been relocated outside of Southern California , with the 2014 festival taking place at San Antonio Reservoir Recreation Area in Bradley . in the following years of 2015 and 2016 , the attendees returned to San Antonio Reservoir Recreation Area in Bradley , California . At the 2017 event , twenty - year - old Baylee Gatlin died while attending the festival .","sentences":["In 2004 , the event 's co-founders and producers , who now called themselves The Do LaB , hosted Lightning in a Bottle at Gold Creek Ranch in the Angeles National Forest .","After a one - year hiatus , they revived the festival in July 2006 at Live Oak Camp in Santa Barbara , California , and returned each May thereafter through 2008 .","However , after this eighth festival The Do LaB decided to relocate Lightning in a Bottle to accommodate the increasing attendance .","Another one - year hiatus passed , and in 2010 they brought the festival to Oak Canyon Ranch in Silverado , California .","In 2013 , the event was moved to Lake Skinner in Winchester , California .","For the first time , the event has been relocated outside of Southern California , with the 2014 festival taking place at San Antonio Reservoir Recreation Area in Bradley .","in the following years of 2015 and 2016 , the attendees returned to San Antonio Reservoir Recreation Area in Bradley , California .","At the 2017 event , twenty - year - old Baylee Gatlin died while attending the festival ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7464715797320803466","input":"what is this area of a letterform called","passages":[{"title":"Letterform","text":"The history of letterforms is discussed in fields of study relating to materials used in writing . Epigraphy includes the study of letterforms carved in stone or other permanent materials . Paleography is the study of writing in ancient and medieval manuscripts . Calligraphy treats the letterforms of decorative writing , usually in ink . Typography includes the arrangement of letterforms designed for metal print or computer . More broadly letterforms may be discussed wherever letters appear stylistically -- in graffiti for example .","sentences":["The history of letterforms is discussed in fields of study relating to materials used in writing .","Epigraphy includes the study of letterforms carved in stone or other permanent materials .","Paleography is the study of writing in ancient and medieval manuscripts .","Calligraphy treats the letterforms of decorative writing , usually in ink .","Typography includes the arrangement of letterforms designed for metal print or computer .","More broadly letterforms may be discussed wherever letters appear stylistically -- in graffiti for example ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2791939228414037024","input":"how to find moment generating function of normal distribution","passages":[{"title":"Moment-generating function","text":"M S n ( t ) = M X 1 ( a 1 t ) M X 2 ( a 2 t ) \u22ef M X n ( a n t ) . ( \\ displaystyle M_ ( S_ ( n ) ) ( t ) = M_ ( X_ ( 1 ) ) ( a_ ( 1 ) t ) M_ ( X_ ( 2 ) ) ( a_ ( 2 ) t ) \\ cdots M_ ( X_ ( n ) ) ( a_ ( n ) t ) \\ , . )","sentences":["M S n ( t ) = M X 1 ( a 1 t )","M X 2 ( a 2 t )","\u22ef M X n ( a n t ) .","( \\ displaystyle M_ ( S_ ( n ) )","( t ) = M_ ( X_ ( 1 ) )","( a_ ( 1 ) t )","M_ ( X_ ( 2 ) )","( a_ ( 2 ) t )","\\ cdots M_ ( X_ ( n ) )","( a_ ( n ) t ) \\ , . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"748246133258344102","input":"who decides what kind of work a citizen may or may not do","passages":[{"title":"Citizenship","text":"The civic - republican or sometimes classical or civic humanist conception of citizenship emphasizes man 's political nature , and sees citizenship as an active process , not a passive state or legal marker . It is relatively more concerned that government will interfere with popular places to practice citizenship in the public sphere . Citizenship means being active in government affairs . According to one view , most people today live as citizens according to the liberal - individualist conception but wished they lived more according to the civic - republican ideal . An ideal citizen is one who exhibits `` good civic behavior '' . Free citizens and a republic government are `` mutually interrelated . '' Citizenship suggested a commitment to `` duty and civic virtue '' .","sentences":["The civic - republican or sometimes classical or civic humanist conception of citizenship emphasizes man 's political nature , and sees citizenship as an active process , not a passive state or legal marker .","It is relatively more concerned that government will interfere with popular places to practice citizenship in the public sphere .","Citizenship means being active in government affairs .","According to one view , most people today live as citizens according to the liberal - individualist conception but wished they lived more according to the civic - republican ideal .","An ideal citizen is one who exhibits `` good civic behavior '' .","Free citizens and a republic government are `` mutually interrelated . ''","Citizenship suggested a commitment to `` duty and civic virtue '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-373178498926836258","input":"who made the quote with great power comes great responsibility","passages":[{"title":"Uncle Ben","text":"In an alternate reality shown in Friendly Neighborhood Spider - Man , an alternate reality was witnessed where May died in a random accident , prompting Peter to go into show business with Ben as his agent to make money . Peter 's focus on his career prompts him to eventually leave home , simply paying Ben a percentage out of respect for their old relationship rather than any actual concern . This Ben was eventually ' derailed ' into the 616 reality by the Hobgoblin of 2211 as part of her plan against the Spider - Men of various eras , leaving him shocked when he witnessed his destroyed house and the still - living May Parker . Confronting her , he ended up in a fight with Jarvis , with whom she at the time has a relationship with , but wandered away in confusion . Lacking direction , Ben wandered into an alleyway where he encountered a shadowy figure who offered him a gun , telling Ben that any action he takes would simply create another universe where he took the opposite action , so he might as well do what felt good . After this Hobgoblin was erased from history by a Retcon Bomb of her own invention , the Spider - Man of 2211 met with what he presumed to be the same Ben Parker to take him back to his own timeline . In a surprise twist , deciding he rather wanted to `` stick around for a while '' , this Ben Parker shoots this future Spider - Man . At the same time , another Ben Parker was shown dead in the alley , meaning one Ben Parker had killed the other and taken his place .","sentences":["In an alternate reality shown in Friendly Neighborhood Spider - Man , an alternate reality was witnessed where May died in a random accident , prompting Peter to go into show business with Ben as his agent to make money .","Peter 's focus on his career prompts him to eventually leave home , simply paying Ben a percentage out of respect for their old relationship rather than any actual concern .","This Ben was eventually ' derailed ' into the 616 reality by the Hobgoblin of 2211 as part of her plan against the Spider - Men of various eras , leaving him shocked when he witnessed his destroyed house and the still - living May Parker .","Confronting her , he ended up in a fight with Jarvis , with whom she at the time has a relationship with , but wandered away in confusion .","Lacking direction , Ben wandered into an alleyway where he encountered a shadowy figure who offered him a gun , telling Ben that any action he takes would simply create another universe where he took the opposite action , so he might as well do what felt good .","After this Hobgoblin was erased from history by a Retcon Bomb of her own invention , the Spider - Man of 2211 met with what he presumed to be the same Ben Parker to take him back to his own timeline .","In a surprise twist , deciding he rather wanted to `` stick around for a while '' , this Ben Parker shoots this future Spider - Man .","At the same time , another Ben Parker was shown dead in the alley , meaning one Ben Parker had killed the other and taken his place ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1186469022368104891","input":"describe the differences between batesian and mullerian mimicry","passages":[{"title":"Batesian mimicry","text":"In imperfect Batesian mimicry , the mimics do not exactly resemble their models . Many reasons have been suggested for this . Imperfect mimics may simply be evolving towards perfection . They may gain advantage from resembling multiple models at once . Humans may evaluate mimics differently from actual predators . Mimics may confuse predators by resembling both model and nonmimic at the same time ( satiric mimicry ) . Kin selection may enforce poor mimicry . The selective advantage of better mimicry may not outweigh the advantages of other strategies like thermoregulation or camouflage . Only certain traits may be required to deceive predators ; for example , tests on the sympatry \/ allopatry border ( where the two are in the same area , and where they are not ) of the mimic Lampropeltis elapsoides and the model Micrurus fulvius showed that color proportions in these snakes were important in deceiving predators , but that the order of the colored rings was not .","sentences":["In imperfect Batesian mimicry , the mimics do not exactly resemble their models .","Many reasons have been suggested for this .","Imperfect mimics may simply be evolving towards perfection .","They may gain advantage from resembling multiple models at once .","Humans may evaluate mimics differently from actual predators .","Mimics may confuse predators by resembling both model and nonmimic at the same time ( satiric mimicry ) .","Kin selection may enforce poor mimicry .","The selective advantage of better mimicry may not outweigh the advantages of other strategies like thermoregulation or camouflage .","Only certain traits may be required to deceive predators ; for example , tests on the sympatry \/ allopatry border ( where the two are in the same area , and where they are not ) of the mimic Lampropeltis elapsoides and the model Micrurus fulvius showed that color proportions in these snakes were important in deceiving predators , but that the order of the colored rings was not ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3321042735040133588","input":"what kinds of life forms were dominant during the precambrian era","passages":[{"title":"Precambrian","text":"Neoproterozoic : The youngest geologic era of the Proterozoic Eon , from the Cambrian Period lower boundary ( 541 Ma ) back to 1000 Ma . The Neoproterozoic corresponds to Precambrian Z rocks of older North American geology . Ediacaran : The youngest geologic period within the Neoproterozoic Era . The `` 2012 Geologic Time Scale '' dates it from 541 to 635 Ma . In this period the Ediacaran fauna appeared . Cryogenian : The middle period in the Neoproterozoic Era : 635 - 720 Ma . Tonian : the earliest period of the Neoproterozoic Era : 720 - 1000 Ma .","sentences":["Neoproterozoic : The youngest geologic era of the Proterozoic Eon , from the Cambrian Period lower boundary ( 541 Ma ) back to 1000 Ma .","The Neoproterozoic corresponds to Precambrian Z rocks of older North American geology .","Ediacaran :","The youngest geologic period within the Neoproterozoic Era .","The `` 2012 Geologic Time Scale '' dates it from 541 to 635 Ma .","In this period the Ediacaran fauna appeared .","Cryogenian :","The middle period in the Neoproterozoic Era : 635 - 720 Ma .","Tonian : the earliest period of the Neoproterozoic Era : 720 - 1000 Ma ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-351348494452779324","input":"what color is a turkey's beak and feet","passages":[{"title":"Wild turkey","text":"At the beginning of the 20th century the range and numbers of wild turkeys had decreased due to hunting and loss of habitat . Game managers estimate that the entire population of wild turkeys in the United States was as low as 30,000 by the late 1930s . By the 1940s , it was almost totally extirpated from Canada and had become localized in pockets in the United States , in the north - east effectively restricted to the Appalachians , only as far north as central Pennsylvania . Game officials made efforts to protect and encourage the breeding of the surviving wild population , and some trapped birds were relocated to new areas , including some in the western states where it was not native . There is evidence that the bird does well when near farmland , which provides grain and also berry - bearing shrubs at its edges . As wild turkey numbers rebounded , hunting became legal in 49 U.S. states ( excluding Alaska ) . In 1973 , the total U.S. population was estimated to be 1.3 million , and current estimates place the entire wild turkey population at 7 million individuals . In recent years , `` trap and transfer '' projects have reintroduced wild turkeys to several provinces of Canada as well , sometimes from across the border in the United States .","sentences":["At the beginning of the 20th century the range and numbers of wild turkeys had decreased due to hunting and loss of habitat .","Game managers estimate that the entire population of wild turkeys in the United States was as low as 30,000 by the late 1930s .","By the 1940s , it was almost totally extirpated from Canada and had become localized in pockets in the United States , in the north - east effectively restricted to the Appalachians , only as far north as central Pennsylvania .","Game officials made efforts to protect and encourage the breeding of the surviving wild population , and some trapped birds were relocated to new areas , including some in the western states where it was not native .","There is evidence that the bird does well when near farmland , which provides grain and also berry - bearing shrubs at its edges .","As wild turkey numbers rebounded , hunting became legal in 49 U.S. states ( excluding Alaska ) .","In 1973 , the total U.S. population was estimated to be 1.3 million , and current estimates place the entire wild turkey population at 7 million individuals .","In recent years , `` trap and transfer '' projects have reintroduced wild turkeys to several provinces of Canada as well , sometimes from across the border in the United States ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4980355137513640171","input":"where are antigen a and antigen b located","passages":[{"title":"Antigen-presenting cell","text":"T cells must be activated by interacting with a professional APC presenting an antigen which their T cell receptor recognizes before they can divide and perform their function . The APC involved in activating T cells is usually a dendritic cell . T cells can not recognize and therefore can not respond to , ' free ' or soluble antigens . They can only recognize and respond to antigen that has been processed and presented by cells via carrier molecules like MHC molecules . Helper T cells can recognize exogenous antigen presented on MHC class II ; cytotoxic T cells can recognize endogenous antigen presented on MHC class I. Most cells in the body can present antigen to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells via MHC class I ; however , the term `` antigen - presenting cell '' is often used specifically to describe professional APCs . Such cells express MHC class I and MHC class II molecules and can stimulate CD4+ helper T cells as well as cytotoxic T cells .","sentences":["T cells must be activated by interacting with a professional APC presenting an antigen which their T cell receptor recognizes before they can divide and perform their function .","The APC involved in activating T cells is usually a dendritic cell .","T cells can not recognize and therefore can not respond to , ' free ' or soluble antigens .","They can only recognize and respond to antigen that has been processed and presented by cells via carrier molecules like MHC molecules .","Helper T cells can recognize exogenous antigen presented on MHC class II ; cytotoxic T cells can recognize endogenous antigen presented on MHC class I. Most cells in the body can present antigen to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells via MHC class I ; however , the term `` antigen - presenting cell '' is often used specifically to describe professional APCs .","Such cells express MHC class I and MHC class II molecules and can stimulate CD4+ helper T cells as well as cytotoxic T cells ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6808750218887577593","input":"what is the plot of the invisible man","passages":[{"title":"The Invisible Man","text":"A mysterious man , Griffin , arrives at the local inn of the English village of Iping , West Sussex , during a snowstorm . The stranger wears a long - sleeved , thick coat and gloves ; his face is hidden entirely by bandages except for a fake pink nose ; and he wears a wide - brimmed hat . He is excessively reclusive , irascible , and unfriendly . He demands to be left alone and spends most of his time in his rooms working with a set of chemicals and laboratory apparatus , only venturing out at night . While Griffin is staying at the inn , hundreds of strange glass bottles ( that he calls his luggage ) arrive . Many local townspeople believe this to be very strange . He becomes the talk of the village with many theorizing as to his origins .","sentences":["A mysterious man , Griffin , arrives at the local inn of the English village of Iping , West Sussex , during a snowstorm .","The stranger wears a long - sleeved , thick coat and gloves ; his face is hidden entirely by bandages except for a fake pink nose ; and he wears a wide - brimmed hat .","He is excessively reclusive , irascible , and unfriendly .","He demands to be left alone and spends most of his time in his rooms working with a set of chemicals and laboratory apparatus , only venturing out at night .","While Griffin is staying at the inn , hundreds of strange glass bottles ( that he calls his luggage ) arrive .","Many local townspeople believe this to be very strange .","He becomes the talk of the village with many theorizing as to his origins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6141992210015946550","input":"when did it become common to have electricity","passages":[{"title":"History of electric power transmission","text":"The concept that is the basis of modern transmission using inexpensive step up and step down transformers was first implemented by Westinghouse , William Stanley , Jr. and Franklin Leonard Pope in 1886 in Great Barrington , Massachusetts , resorting also to European technology . In 1888 Westinghouse also licensed Nikola Tesla 's induction motor patent giving AC a much needed usable motor . This system was developed into the modern 3 - phase system by Mikhail Dolivo - Dobrovolsky and Allgemeine Elektricit\u00e4ts - Gesellschaft and Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown in Europe , starting in 1889 . The simplicity of polyphase generators and motors meant that besides their efficiency they could be manufactured cheaply , compactly and would require little attention to maintain . Simple economics would drive the expensive , bulky and mechanically complex DC dynamos to their ultimate extinction . As it turned out , the deciding factor in the War of Currents was the availability of low cost step up and step down transformers that meant that all customers regardless of their specialized voltage requirements could be served at minimal cost of conversion . This `` universal system '' is today regarded as one of the most influential innovations for the use of electricity .","sentences":["The concept that is the basis of modern transmission using inexpensive step up and step down transformers was first implemented by Westinghouse , William Stanley , Jr. and Franklin Leonard Pope in 1886 in Great Barrington , Massachusetts , resorting also to European technology .","In 1888 Westinghouse also licensed Nikola Tesla 's induction motor patent giving AC a much needed usable motor .","This system was developed into the modern 3 - phase system by Mikhail Dolivo - Dobrovolsky and Allgemeine Elektricit\u00e4ts - Gesellschaft and Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown in Europe , starting in 1889 .","The simplicity of polyphase generators and motors meant that besides their efficiency they could be manufactured cheaply , compactly and would require little attention to maintain .","Simple economics would drive the expensive , bulky and mechanically complex DC dynamos to their ultimate extinction .","As it turned out , the deciding factor in the War of Currents was the availability of low cost step up and step down transformers that meant that all customers regardless of their specialized voltage requirements could be served at minimal cost of conversion .","This `` universal system '' is today regarded as one of the most influential innovations for the use of electricity ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6209772256448068212","input":"how many set of paired gradient are present in clinical mr scanner","passages":[{"title":"Physics of magnetic resonance imaging","text":"Using the k - space formalism , a number of seemingly complex ideas became simple . For example , it becomes very easy to understand the role of phase encoding ( the so - called spin - warp method ) . In a standard spin echo or gradient echo scan , where the readout ( or view ) gradient is constant ( e.g. , G ) , a single line of k - space is scanned per RF excitation . When the phase encoding gradient is zero , the line scanned is the k axis . When a non-zero phase - encoding pulse is added in between the RF excitation and the commencement of the readout gradient , this line moves up or down in k - space , i.e. , we scan the line k = constant .","sentences":["Using the k - space formalism , a number of seemingly complex ideas became simple .","For example , it becomes very easy to understand the role of phase encoding ( the so - called spin - warp method ) .","In a standard spin echo or gradient echo scan , where the readout ( or view ) gradient is constant ( e.g. , G ) , a single line of k - space is scanned per RF excitation .","When the phase encoding gradient is zero , the line scanned is the k axis .","When a non-zero phase - encoding pulse is added in between the RF excitation and the commencement of the readout gradient , this line moves up or down in k - space , i.e. , we scan the line","k = constant ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1347154843600288423","input":"which religion became the counterpart to persian political and cultural universalism","passages":[{"title":"Ryukyuan religion","text":"The kijimunaa ( or bunagaya ) is one of the most famous of Okinawa 's magical creatures . A sprite ( Japanese y\u014dsei ) , the kijimunaa resembles a short young boy and features bright red hair . They look somewhat like a Troll doll . Some say that only children or the pure of heart can see the kijimunaa . They may or may not be seen accompanied by fire . They live in the tops of Okinawa 's gajumaru ( \u30ac\u30b8\u30e5\u30de\u30eb , `` banyan '' ) trees ; they are especially famous in the Yomitan area , where their images can be seen in many places . Kijimunaa are known for playing harmless pranks . Kijimunaa can also be helpful , but they are quick to change their minds . They enjoy fishing and eating fish . The only thing they fear is the octopus . Belief in kijimunaa is representative of the spiritual power of trees in the Ryukyu belief system .","sentences":["The kijimunaa ( or bunagaya ) is one of the most famous of Okinawa 's magical creatures .","A sprite ( Japanese y\u014dsei ) , the kijimunaa resembles a short young boy and features bright red hair .","They look somewhat like a Troll doll .","Some say that only children or the pure of heart can see the kijimunaa .","They may or may not be seen accompanied by fire .","They live in the tops of Okinawa 's gajumaru ( \u30ac\u30b8\u30e5\u30de\u30eb , `` banyan '' )","trees ; they are especially famous in the Yomitan area , where their images can be seen in many places .","Kijimunaa are known for playing harmless pranks .","Kijimunaa can also be helpful , but they are quick to change their minds .","They enjoy fishing and eating fish .","The only thing they fear is the octopus .","Belief in kijimunaa is representative of the spiritual power of trees in the Ryukyu belief system ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6921140571057000870","input":"name the type of climate prevailing over india","passages":[{"title":"Climate of India","text":"The Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research has reported that , if the predictions relating to global warming made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change come to fruition , climate - related factors could cause India 's GDP to decline by up to 9 % . Contributing to this would be shifting growing seasons for major crops such as rice , production of which could fall by 40 % . Around seven million people are projected to be displaced due to , among other factors , submersion of parts of Mumbai and Chennai if global temperatures were to rise by a mere 2 \u00b0 C ( 3.6 \u00b0 F ) . Such shifts are not new . Earlier in the Holocene epoch ( 4,800 -- 6,300 years ago ) , parts of what is now the Thar Desert were wet enough to support perennial lakes ; researchers have proposed that this was due to much higher winter precipitation , which coincided with stronger monsoons . Kashmir 's erstwhile subtropical climate dramatically cooled 2.6 -- 3.7 Ma and experienced prolonged cold spells starting 600,000 years ago .","sentences":["The Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research has reported that , if the predictions relating to global warming made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change come to fruition , climate - related factors could cause India 's GDP to decline by up to 9 % .","Contributing to this would be shifting growing seasons for major crops such as rice , production of which could fall by 40 % .","Around seven million people are projected to be displaced due to , among other factors , submersion of parts of Mumbai and Chennai if global temperatures were to rise by a mere 2 \u00b0 C ( 3.6 \u00b0 F ) .","Such shifts are not new .","Earlier in the Holocene epoch ( 4,800 -- 6,300 years ago ) , parts of what is now the Thar Desert were wet enough to support perennial lakes ; researchers have proposed that this was due to much higher winter precipitation , which coincided with stronger monsoons .","Kashmir 's erstwhile subtropical climate dramatically cooled 2.6 -- 3.7 Ma and experienced prolonged cold spells starting 600,000 years ago ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4090302895690431283","input":"how do the incas first react to the arrival of the spanish","passages":[{"title":"Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire","text":"Spanish colonial campaigns Canary Islands ( 1402 -- 96 ) Guinea ( 1478 ) Morocco ( 1497 ) Or\u00e1n ( 1509 ) Bugia ( 1510 ) Tripoli ( 1510 ) Djerba ( 1510 ) Algeria ( 1516 ) Algeria ( 1517 -- 18 ) Djerba ( 1520 ) Mexico ( 1519 -- 1821 ) Mexico ( 1519 -- 21 ) Chiapas ( 1523 -- 1695 ) Guatemala ( 1524 -- 1697 ) Pet\u00e9n ( 1618 -- 97 ) El Salvador ( 1524 - 39 ) Honduras ( 1524 -- 39 ) Yucat\u00e1n ( 1527 -- 1697 ) Algeria ( 1529 ) Peru ( 1531 -- 72 ) Tunisia ( 1534 ) Tunisia ( 1535 ) Chile ( 1536 -- 1810 ) Colombia ( 1537 - 1540 ) Algeria ( 1541 ) Tunisia ( 1550 ) Libya ( 1551 ) Algeria ( 1555 ) Algeria ( 1556 ) Algeria ( 1558 ) Tunisia ( 1560 ) Algeria ( 1563 ) Philippines ( 1565 -- 1900 ) Philippines ( 1567 -- 1872 ) Tunisia ( 1574 ) Puerto Rico ( 1595 ) Cuba ( 1596 ) Puerto Rico ( 1598 ) Morocco ( 1614 ) Formosa ( 1626 ) St. Kitts ( 1629 ) Philippines ( 1646 ) Hispaniola ( 1655 ) Jamaica ( 1655 ) Canary Islands ( 1657 ) Jamaica ( 1657 ) Jamaica ( 1658 ) North America ( 1702 -- 13 ) Chilo\u00e9 ( 1712 ) Bahamas ( 1720 ) Banda Oriental ( 1735 -- 37 ) North America ( 1739 -- 48 ) Sacramento ( 1762 -- 63 ) Cuba ( 1762 ) Nicaragua ( 1762 ) Philippines ( 1762 ) Sacramento ( 1776 -- 77 ) North America ( 1779 -- 83 ) Americas ( 1796 -- 1808 ) R\u00edo de la Plata ( 1806 -- 07 ) Ecuador ( 1809 ) Peru ( 1811 -- 24 ) Bolivia ( 1809 -- 25 ) Florida ( 1810 ) Paraguay ( 1810 -- 11 ) Argentina ( 1810 -- 18 ) Mexico ( 1810 -- 21 ) Chile ( 1810 -- 26 ) El Salvador ( 1811 ) Uruguay ( 1811 ) Venezuela ( 1811 -- 23 ) Colombia ( 1815 -- 16 ) Colombia ( 1819 -- 20 ) Ecuador ( 1820 -- 22 ) Mexico ( 1821 -- 29 ) Balanguingui ( 1848 ) Cochinchina ( 1858 -- 62 ) Morocco ( 1859 -- 60 ) Dominican Republic ( 1863 -- 65 ) Chile \/ Peru ( 1864 -- 66 ) Cuba ( 1868 -- 78 ) Cuba ( 1879 -- 80 ) Cuba ( 1895 -- 98 ) Philippines ( 1896 -- 98 ) Puerto Rico ( 1898 ) Guam ( 1898 ) Morocco ( 1920 -- 26 ) Morocco ( 1957 -- 58 ) Illustration","sentences":["Spanish colonial campaigns Canary Islands ( 1402 -- 96 )","Guinea ( 1478 )","Morocco ( 1497 )","Or\u00e1n ( 1509 ) Bugia ( 1510 ) Tripoli ( 1510 ) Djerba ( 1510 ) Algeria ( 1516 ) Algeria ( 1517 -- 18 ) Djerba ( 1520 )","Mexico ( 1519 -- 1821 )","Mexico ( 1519 -- 21 ) Chiapas ( 1523 -- 1695 )","Guatemala ( 1524 -- 1697 )","Pet\u00e9n ( 1618 -- 97 )","El Salvador ( 1524 - 39 ) Honduras ( 1524 -- 39 )","Yucat\u00e1n ( 1527 -- 1697 ) Algeria ( 1529 )","Peru ( 1531 -- 72 ) Tunisia ( 1534 )","Tunisia ( 1535 )","Chile ( 1536 -- 1810 )","Colombia ( 1537 - 1540 )","Algeria ( 1541 )","Tunisia ( 1550 )","Libya ( 1551 )","Algeria","( 1555 ) Algeria ( 1556 )","Algeria ( 1558 ) Tunisia ( 1560 ) Algeria ( 1563 ) Philippines ( 1565 -- 1900 )","Philippines ( 1567 -- 1872 )","Tunisia ( 1574 ) Puerto Rico ( 1595 )","Cuba ( 1596 ) Puerto Rico ( 1598 )","Morocco ( 1614 )","Formosa ( 1626 ) St. Kitts ( 1629 )","Philippines ( 1646 )","Hispaniola ( 1655 ) Jamaica ( 1655 ) Canary Islands ( 1657 )","Jamaica ( 1657 )","Jamaica ( 1658 )","North America ( 1702 -- 13 ) Chilo\u00e9 ( 1712 )","Bahamas ( 1720 )","Banda Oriental ( 1735 -- 37 ) North America ( 1739 -- 48 ) Sacramento ( 1762 -- 63 ) Cuba ( 1762 )","Nicaragua ( 1762 )","Philippines ( 1762 )","Sacramento ( 1776 -- 77 ) North America ( 1779 -- 83 )","Americas ( 1796 -- 1808 )","R\u00edo de la Plata ( 1806 -- 07 ) Ecuador ( 1809 )","Peru ( 1811 -- 24 ) Bolivia ( 1809 -- 25 ) Florida ( 1810 )","Paraguay ( 1810 -- 11 ) Argentina ( 1810 -- 18 ) Mexico ( 1810 -- 21 )","Chile ( 1810 -- 26 ) El Salvador ( 1811 )","Uruguay ( 1811 )","Venezuela ( 1811 -- 23 )","Colombia ( 1815 -- 16 ) Colombia ( 1819 -- 20 ) Ecuador ( 1820 -- 22 ) Mexico ( 1821 -- 29 )","Balanguingui ( 1848 )","Cochinchina ( 1858 -- 62 )","Morocco ( 1859 -- 60 ) Dominican Republic ( 1863 -- 65 )","Chile \/ Peru ( 1864 -- 66 ) Cuba ( 1868 -- 78 ) Cuba ( 1879 -- 80 ) Cuba ( 1895 -- 98 ) Philippines ( 1896 -- 98 ) Puerto Rico ( 1898 )","Guam ( 1898 )","Morocco ( 1920 -- 26 )","Morocco ( 1957 -- 58 ) Illustration"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4893197549059163160","input":"who is the first going to the moon","passages":[{"title":"Moon landing","text":"ISRO , the Indian National Space agency , is planning a second version of Chandrayaan named Chandrayaan 2 . According to former ISRO Chairman G. Madhavan Nair , `` The Indian Space Research Organisation ( ISRO ) hopes to land two rovers -- one Indian and another Russian -- on the Moon in 2018 , as a part of its second Chandrayaan mission . The rover will be designed to move on wheels on the lunar surface , pick up samples of soil or rocks , do on - site chemical analysis and send the data to the mother - spacecraft Chandrayaan II , which will be orbiting above . Chandrayaan II will transmit the data to Earth . '' The payloads have already been finalized . ISRO has mentioned that due to weight restrictions it will not be carrying any overseas payloads on this mission . The lander , named Vikram , is projected to weigh 1,250 kg , and the entire spacecraft will be launched by the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle .","sentences":["ISRO , the Indian National Space agency , is planning a second version of Chandrayaan named Chandrayaan 2 .","According to former ISRO Chairman G. Madhavan Nair , `` The Indian Space Research Organisation ( ISRO ) hopes to land two rovers -- one Indian and another Russian -- on the Moon in 2018 , as a part of its second Chandrayaan mission .","The rover will be designed to move on wheels on the lunar surface , pick up samples of soil or rocks , do on - site chemical analysis and send the data to the mother - spacecraft Chandrayaan II , which will be orbiting above .","Chandrayaan II will transmit the data to Earth . ''","The payloads have already been finalized .","ISRO has mentioned that due to weight restrictions it will not be carrying any overseas payloads on this mission .","The lander , named Vikram , is projected to weigh 1,250 kg , and the entire spacecraft will be launched by the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4082923671542508354","input":"what is the top of a kitchen cabinet called","passages":[{"title":"Kitchen cabinet","text":"Door Mounting . For both face - frame and frameless kitchen cabinets , it is conventional for cabinet doors to overlay the cabinet carcase . Face - frame cabinets allow for various door mounting options . Traditional overlay doors do not abut , allowing a partial view of the face frames when the doors are closed . Full overlay cabinet doors fit closely so that they obscure the face frame when closed . A third and less conventional option for face - frame cabinets is to inset doors into , and flush with , the face frame ( see below ) . Since frameless ( see below ) cabinet doors also fully overlay their carcases , the two types ( frameless and full - overlay face - frame cabinets ) have a similar installed appearance ( when doors are closed ) , both may use European cup hinges , and both tend to use decorative door and drawer pulls ( since there is no room for fingers at the door or drawer edge when installed ) . Space - utilization . Since typical face - frames are 1 \u2044 inches ( 38 mm ) wide and frameless side panels \u2044 inch ( 19 mm ) , access to the cabinet interior is 1 \u2044 inches ( 38 mm ) wider for a typical frameless cabinet relative to a face - frame cabinet . A 12 - inch - wide ( 300 mm ) cabinet accommodates a 10 - inch - wide ( 250 mm ) drawer in frameless construction or a 8 \u2044 - inch - wide ( 220 mm ) drawer in framed construction . The 1 \u2044 - inch ( 38 mm ) difference is most significant for narrower face - frame cabinets . Hence , the nomenclature `` full - access . '' Custom ( higher - cost ) face - frame cabinets , which use one 1 \u2044 - inch ( 38 mm ) stile to frame two cabinet openings , can also accommodate wider drawers comparable to frameless cabinets . Frameless wall - oven cabinetry further saves 3 inches ( 76 mm ) of wall space as compared to the same wall - oven installed in a face - frame cabinet , Many , if not most , contemporary ovens ( and other cabinet - front - mounted major appliances ) have been designed with the space - utilization advantage of frameless cabinets installation in mind . The oven is dimensioned , and thermally insulated , to fit within an industry - standard external width ( e.g. , 27 or 30 inches ( 690 or 760 mm ) ) cabinet cavity , less two standard \u2044 - inch ( 19 mm ) cabinet side - wall thicknesses while providing for a small space between the oven box and the internal cabinet wall . In ovens , the bezel is sized to fit the full external cavity width and overlay the cabinet side wall . Such an installation avoids any unused lateral space around the oven . ( While , hypothetically , ovens can be installed similarly in face - frame cabinets , such an installation may requires cutting away all but \u2044 inch ( 19 mm ) of each 1 \u2044 - inch ( 38 mm ) face - frame -- specifically not recommended by vendors as it may weaken the joint between side - wall and face - frame -- and buttressing face - frame cabinet side walls accordingly . ) Wood options . Frameless cabinets , which exhibit a modern appearance in keeping with the design movement of `` minimalism , '' are typically constructed of particle board , which features a high degree of dimensional stability , adherence to dimensional standards , absence of warping , uniformity , and a lower cost than solid wood and is very strong . Accordingly , the so - called European hinge includes a 35 - mm - diameter cup press - fit to a bored recess particularly well - suited to particle board construction . By virtue of the 35 - mm `` European '' cup design , European hinges avoided reliance on screws as a primary mechanism holding the cabinet door to the hinge . Nearly all non-custom framed and frameless cabinetry now use this 35 - mm cup design . Plywood and \/ or solid wood can also be used in frameless cabinet construction , generally at a higher cost . Hinge design features . Those European hinges intended for use with frameless cabinets afford a quick - release mechanism enabling a door to be removed and replaced without the use of tools . Such hinges typically afford six - way ( three - axis ) positional adjustment by screwdriver for door alignment . Some accommodate complex motions to avoid interfering with interior cabinet components while fully overlaying the carcases ( e.g. , permitting the full - interior - cabinet - width dimensions for pull - out trays ) . Scissors - type articulating hinges support wide - angle non-interfering adjacent doors . Inset door face - frame cabinetry . A special , and unconventional , category of framed cabinets is represented by those with inset doors . An inset - mounted cabinet door is fitted to the frame in the same way as a typical room door is fitted to the doorway ; such doors fit into a frame when closed . ( Full - size doors do not simply cover the opening between rooms or at an entrance to a building . ) Inset doors require more precise alignment of each door to the containing frame . Further , this alignment must be maintained with use . Upon opening or closing , inset doors are gently braked by the air cushion trapped between the door and frame . This desirable feature is one hallmark of high - quality inset door construction . Frameless or full - overlay face - frame construction can superficially resemble inset construction when doors are designed to fit closely within a cavity formed by surrounding doors , drawers , and \/ or an adjacent counter top .","sentences":["Door Mounting .","For both face - frame and frameless kitchen cabinets , it is conventional for cabinet doors to overlay the cabinet carcase .","Face - frame cabinets allow for various door mounting options .","Traditional overlay doors do not abut , allowing a partial view of the face frames when the doors are closed .","Full overlay cabinet doors fit closely so that they obscure the face frame when closed .","A third and less conventional option for face - frame cabinets is to inset doors into , and flush with , the face frame ( see below ) .","Since frameless ( see below ) cabinet doors also fully overlay their carcases , the two types ( frameless and full - overlay face - frame cabinets ) have a similar installed appearance ( when doors are closed ) , both may use European cup hinges , and both tend to use decorative door and drawer pulls ( since there is no room for fingers at the door or drawer edge when installed ) .","Space - utilization .","Since typical face - frames are 1 \u2044 inches ( 38 mm ) wide and frameless side panels \u2044 inch ( 19 mm ) , access to the cabinet interior is 1 \u2044 inches ( 38 mm ) wider for a typical frameless cabinet relative to a face - frame cabinet .","A 12 - inch - wide ( 300 mm ) cabinet accommodates a 10 - inch - wide ( 250 mm ) drawer in frameless construction or a 8 \u2044 - inch - wide ( 220 mm ) drawer in framed construction .","The 1 \u2044 - inch ( 38 mm ) difference is most significant for narrower face - frame cabinets .","Hence , the nomenclature `` full - access . ''","Custom ( higher - cost ) face - frame cabinets , which use one 1 \u2044 - inch ( 38 mm ) stile to frame two cabinet openings , can also accommodate wider drawers comparable to frameless cabinets .","Frameless wall - oven cabinetry further saves 3 inches ( 76 mm ) of wall space as compared to the same wall - oven installed in a face - frame cabinet , Many , if not most , contemporary ovens ( and other cabinet - front - mounted major appliances ) have been designed with the space - utilization advantage of frameless cabinets installation in mind .","The oven is dimensioned , and thermally insulated , to fit within an industry - standard external width ( e.g. , 27 or 30 inches ( 690 or 760 mm ) )","cabinet cavity , less two standard \u2044 - inch ( 19 mm ) cabinet side - wall thicknesses while providing for a small space between the oven box and the internal cabinet wall .","In ovens , the bezel is sized to fit the full external cavity width and overlay the cabinet side wall .","Such an installation avoids any unused lateral space around the oven .","( While , hypothetically , ovens can be installed similarly in face - frame cabinets , such an installation may requires cutting away all but \u2044 inch ( 19 mm ) of each 1 \u2044 - inch ( 38 mm ) face - frame -- specifically not recommended by vendors as it may weaken the joint between side - wall and face - frame -- and buttressing face - frame cabinet side walls accordingly . )","Wood options .","Frameless cabinets , which exhibit a modern appearance in keeping with the design movement of `` minimalism , '' are typically constructed of particle board , which features a high degree of dimensional stability , adherence to dimensional standards , absence of warping , uniformity , and a lower cost than solid wood and is very strong .","Accordingly , the so - called European hinge includes a 35 - mm - diameter cup press - fit to a bored recess particularly well - suited to particle board construction .","By virtue of the 35 - mm `` European '' cup design , European hinges avoided reliance on screws as a primary mechanism holding the cabinet door to the hinge .","Nearly all non-custom framed and frameless cabinetry now use this 35 - mm cup design .","Plywood and \/ or solid wood can also be used in frameless cabinet construction , generally at a higher cost .","Hinge design features .","Those European hinges intended for use with frameless cabinets afford a quick - release mechanism enabling a door to be removed and replaced without the use of tools .","Such hinges typically afford six - way ( three - axis ) positional adjustment by screwdriver for door alignment .","Some accommodate complex motions to avoid interfering with interior cabinet components while fully overlaying the carcases ( e.g. , permitting the full - interior - cabinet - width dimensions for pull - out trays ) .","Scissors - type articulating hinges support wide - angle non-interfering adjacent doors .","Inset door face - frame cabinetry .","A special , and unconventional , category of framed cabinets is represented by those with inset doors .","An inset - mounted cabinet door is fitted to the frame in the same way as a typical room door is fitted to the doorway ; such doors fit into a frame when closed .","( Full - size doors do not simply cover the opening between rooms or at an entrance to a building . )","Inset doors require more precise alignment of each door to the containing frame .","Further , this alignment must be maintained with use .","Upon opening or closing , inset doors are gently braked by the air cushion trapped between the door and frame .","This desirable feature is one hallmark of high - quality inset door construction .","Frameless or full - overlay face - frame construction can superficially resemble inset construction when doors are designed to fit closely within a cavity formed by surrounding doors , drawers , and \/ or an adjacent counter top ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-395173986062791830","input":"where was the declaration of independence written at","passages":[{"title":"United States Declaration of Independence","text":"A vote was taken after a long day of speeches , each colony casting a single vote , as always . The delegation for each colony numbered from two to seven members , and each delegation voted amongst themselves to determine the colony 's vote . Pennsylvania and South Carolina voted against declaring independence . The New York delegation abstained , lacking permission to vote for independence . Delaware cast no vote because the delegation was split between Thomas McKean ( who voted yes ) and George Read ( who voted no ) . The remaining nine delegations voted in favor of independence , which meant that the resolution had been approved by the committee of the whole . The next step was for the resolution to be voted upon by Congress itself . Edward Rutledge of South Carolina was opposed to Lee 's resolution but desirous of unanimity , and he moved that the vote be postponed until the following day . ``","sentences":["A vote was taken after a long day of speeches , each colony casting a single vote , as always .","The delegation for each colony numbered from two to seven members , and each delegation voted amongst themselves to determine the colony 's vote .","Pennsylvania and South Carolina voted against declaring independence .","The New York delegation abstained , lacking permission to vote for independence .","Delaware cast no vote because the delegation was split between Thomas McKean ( who voted yes ) and George Read ( who voted no ) .","The remaining nine delegations voted in favor of independence , which meant that the resolution had been approved by the committee of the whole .","The next step was for the resolution to be voted upon by Congress itself .","Edward Rutledge of South Carolina was opposed to Lee 's resolution but desirous of unanimity , and he moved that the vote be postponed until the following day .","``"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4963487306576875713","input":"when does american grit season 3 come on","passages":[{"title":"American Grit","text":"The Team Challenge has the members releasing triangle - shaped puzzle pieces that must be placed on stakes to spell out the words love , money , or power . If the winning team spells love , they win a visit from their families , while spelling money wins the team $1,000 each , and spelling power gives the team the ability to move members around . Team Chloe wins by spelling out love , and they earn a visit from their families . Chloe chooses Carla , Herman , and Melanie for the Elimination Challenge . In this challenge , there is an hourglass filled with sand which will slowly drain out . The competitors must repeatedly cross a balance beam and refill the sand using either a small bag or a larger bucket with holes in it . They also have one bucket of sand near the hourglass for a single use . The contestant whose hourglass drains out first is eliminated . Eventually , Melanie 's hourglass empties and she is sent home .","sentences":["The Team Challenge has the members releasing triangle - shaped puzzle pieces that must be placed on stakes to spell out the words love , money , or power .","If the winning team spells love , they win a visit from their families , while spelling money wins the team $1,000 each , and spelling power gives the team the ability to move members around .","Team Chloe wins by spelling out love , and they earn a visit from their families .","Chloe chooses Carla , Herman , and Melanie for the Elimination Challenge .","In this challenge , there is an hourglass filled with sand which will slowly drain out .","The competitors must repeatedly cross a balance beam and refill the sand using either a small bag or a larger bucket with holes in it .","They also have one bucket of sand near the hourglass for a single use .","The contestant whose hourglass drains out first is eliminated .","Eventually , Melanie 's hourglass empties and she is sent home ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8982071924419350011","input":"what is the last season of family guy","passages":[{"title":"Family Guy (season 16)","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod . code U.S. viewers ( millions ) 290 `` Emmy - Winning Episode '' James Purdum Dominic Bianchi Peter Shin Aaron Lee October 1 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 01 ) FACX06 2.80 Peter goes out of his way to earn an Emmy win after getting fed up with not being nominated . He tries to make Family Guy more like several Emmy - nominated television shows , including Modern Family and Transparent . 291 `` Foxx in the Men House '' Brian Iles Andrew Goldberg October 8 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 08 ) EACX20 3.05 After being wobbly - legged upon sitting on the toilet in the girls ' bathroom and hitting his head on the counter , Peter meets a paramedic named Stryker Foxx ( voiced by Chris Diamantopoulos ) , who tended to his injury . He later dumps Quagmire , Cleveland and Joe as friends , due to his friendship with Stryker giving him inflated self - esteem . Later on , Peter comes to realize he does not have the strength to do the physical activities that Stryker wants to do . 292 `` Nanny Goats '' Steve Robertson Tom Devanney October 15 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 15 ) FACX02 2.54 Lois ' mother , Barbara , hires a nanny for the Griffin family when she gets displeased with recent living arrangements for the kids . This enables Peter and Lois to reconnect with their love . 293 `` Follow the Money '' Mike Kim Kevin Biggins October 22 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 22 ) EACX15 2.69 Chris receives a misprinted but extremely valuable dollar for his birthday from Carter , but loses it . They then go on an adventure to find it . 294 5 `` Three Directors '' Joe Vaux Travis Bowe November 5 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 05 ) EACX18 2.31 The story of Peter 's firing from the Pawtucket Brewery , as told in the directorial styles of Quentin Tarantino , Wes Anderson , and Michael Bay . 295 6 `` The D in Apartment 23 '' Julius Wu Artie Johann November 12 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 12 ) FACX03 3.11 After Brian posts a tweet on Twitter involving Baywatch and Ride Along 3 that is deemed racist , it goes viral and the Griffins become social pariahs , prompting them to kick Brian out of the house and into an apartment run by Lou Spinazola . 296 7 `` Petey IV '' Mike Kim Anthony Blasucci November 19 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 19 ) FACX04 2.08 Vladimir Putin visits Quahog after Peter writes an email to him about the ending to a Russian bootleg version of Rocky IV . Meanwhile , in light of moving out , Brian gets a job at a suicide hotline center to obtain some money to pay the rent to Lou Spinazola , where he falls for his co-worker , Martha ( voiced by Kristen Bell ) . 297 8 `` Crimes and Meg 's Demeanor '' Greg Colton Mike Desilets December 3 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 03 ) FACX05 2.59 Meg takes up drinking at a high school party , which brings out her more outgoing and loosened side , both concerning and delighting Peter . Meanwhile , while recovering from a leg injury following the incident in the last episode , Brian suspects that Principal Shepherd has murdered his wife and enlists Stewie to help him out . 298 9 `` Do n't Be a Dickens at Christmas '' Jerry Langford Danny Smith December 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 10 ) FACX07 2.98 In a play on Charles Dickens ' A Christmas Carol , Peter takes a journey around Quahog with the ghost of Patrick Swayze ( voiced by Don Swayze ) after he loses his Christmas spirit . 299 10 `` Boy ( Dog ) Meets Girl ( Dog ) '' Brian Iles Steve Callaghan January 7 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 07 ) FACX09 3.40 After Brian falls in love with Ellie ( voiced by Amanda Seyfried ) , a female show dog , he enters a dog show competition , where the winner will get to breed with her . Meanwhile , Peter and Lois attempt to convince Chris that `` Arthur Valentine '' is not real . 300 11 `` Dog Bites Bear '' John Holmquist Cherry Chevapravatdumrong January 14 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 14 ) FACX01 4.10 Brian and Stewie 's friendship is put to the test after Brian mutilates Stewie 's teddy bear , Rupert . Meanwhile , Peter meets his favorite cereal mascot , Boo Berry , and refuses to wash his right hand after shaking it with him . 301 12 `` Send in Stewie , Please '' Joe Vaux Gary Janetti March 18 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 18 ) FACX10 2.24 When Stewie gets sent to see his school 's child psychologist Dr. Cecil Pritchfield ( voiced by Ian McKellen ) for a surprising session , he reveals major secrets about himself . Note : This episode premiered on Fox without commercial interruption due to a sponsorship agreement with Sony Interactive Entertainment for their PlayStation 4 game , God of War , who was the sole advertiser at the end of the episode . 302 13 `` V Is for Mystery '' Joseph Lee David A. Goodman March 25 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 25 ) FACX08 1.91 In a parody of Sherlock Holmes , the episode depicts Sherlock Holmes ( portrayed by Stewie ) and Dr. Watson ( portrayed by Brian ) as they embark on solving a string of murder mysteries . 303 14 `` Veteran Guy '' John Holmquist Patrick Meighan April 1 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 01 ) FACX11 2.05 Peter pretends to be a veteran after buying a cap with the name USS Nathan James on it , along with Joe and Cleveland , annoying Quagmire ( who is a veteran ) . After they are caught , they are forced to join the Coast Guard where they end up in a life - or - death situation . 304 15 `` The Woof of Wall Street '' Steve Robertson Alex Carter April 8 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 08 ) FACX12 1.93 Stewie teaches Brian how to invest in the stock market , but a gruesome product Brian likes could result in his death . Meanwhile , Peter , Joe , Cleveland , and Quagmire look after the Drunken Clam while Jerome is away . 305 16 `` Family Guy Through the Years '' Julius Wu Chris Sheridan April 22 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 22 ) FACX13 2.00 Family Guy is reimagined as a series that has been on the air for 60 years , and in a special retrospective , it looks back at the cultural events and issues that were tackled on the show in the 1950s , ' 60s and ' 70s . 306 17 `` Switch the Flip '' Mike Kim Kevin Biggins April 29 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 29 ) FACX14 2.26 Stewie uses one of his inventions to swap bodies with Brian in order to fix his life , but this plan backfires as chaos quickly ensues around Quahog . 307 18 `` HTTPete '' Greg Colton Damien Fahey May 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 06 ) FACX15 1.92 In order to promote the brewery , Peter adopts the millennial lifestyle . This attracts a high - powered Silicon Valley executive attention . 308 19 `` The Unkindest Cut '' Jerry Langford Mark Hentemann May 13 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 13 ) FACX16 2.15 After Quagmire 's most treasured body part is bitten off in a shark attack , he must learn to live without it . Meanwhile , Stewie and Brian try to search the country for Mort after they discover he has left town , due to being involved in a drug scam . 309 20 `` Are You There God ? It 's Me , Peter '' Joseph Lee Travis Bowe May 20 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 20 ) FACX17 1.83 When Peter falls into a coma and gets the opportunity to have a conversation with God , he interrogates the deity with some tough questions .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod .","code U.S. viewers ( millions ) 290","`` Emmy - Winning Episode '' James Purdum Dominic Bianchi Peter Shin Aaron Lee October 1 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 01 ) FACX06","2.80 Peter goes out of his way to earn an Emmy win after getting fed up with not being nominated .","He tries to make Family Guy more like several Emmy - nominated television shows , including Modern Family and Transparent .","291 `` Foxx in the Men House '' Brian Iles Andrew Goldberg October 8 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 08 ) EACX20","3.05 After being wobbly - legged upon sitting on the toilet in the girls ' bathroom and hitting his head on the counter , Peter meets a paramedic named Stryker Foxx ( voiced by Chris Diamantopoulos ) , who tended to his injury .","He later dumps Quagmire , Cleveland and Joe as friends , due to his friendship with Stryker giving him inflated self - esteem .","Later on , Peter comes to realize he does not have the strength to do the physical activities that Stryker wants to do .","292 `` Nanny Goats '' Steve Robertson Tom Devanney October 15 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 15 ) FACX02","2.54 Lois ' mother , Barbara , hires a nanny for the Griffin family when she gets displeased with recent living arrangements for the kids .","This enables Peter and Lois to reconnect with their love .","293 `` Follow the Money ''","Mike Kim Kevin Biggins October 22 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 22 )","EACX15 2.69 Chris receives a misprinted but extremely valuable dollar for his birthday from Carter , but loses it .","They then go on an adventure to find it .","294 5 `` Three Directors '' Joe Vaux Travis Bowe November 5 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 05 ) EACX18","2.31","The story of Peter 's firing from the Pawtucket Brewery , as told in the directorial styles of Quentin Tarantino , Wes Anderson , and Michael Bay .","295 6 `` The D in Apartment 23 '' Julius Wu Artie Johann November 12 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 12 ) FACX03 3.11 After Brian posts a tweet on Twitter involving Baywatch and Ride","Along 3 that is deemed racist , it goes viral and the Griffins become social pariahs , prompting them to kick Brian out of the house and into an apartment run by Lou Spinazola .","296 7 `` Petey IV ''","Mike Kim Anthony Blasucci November 19 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 19 ) FACX04","2.08 Vladimir Putin visits Quahog after Peter writes an email to him about the ending to a Russian bootleg version of Rocky IV .","Meanwhile , in light of moving out , Brian gets a job at a suicide hotline center to obtain some money to pay the rent to Lou Spinazola , where he falls for his co-worker , Martha ( voiced by Kristen Bell ) .","297 8 `` Crimes and Meg 's Demeanor '' Greg Colton Mike Desilets December 3 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 03 ) FACX05 2.59 Meg takes up drinking at a high school party , which brings out her more outgoing and loosened side , both concerning and delighting Peter .","Meanwhile , while recovering from a leg injury following the incident in the last episode , Brian suspects that Principal Shepherd has murdered his wife and enlists Stewie to help him out .","298 9 `` Do n't Be a Dickens at Christmas '' Jerry Langford Danny Smith December 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 10 ) FACX07","2.98","In a play on Charles Dickens ' A Christmas Carol , Peter takes a journey around Quahog with the ghost of Patrick Swayze ( voiced by Don Swayze ) after he loses his Christmas spirit .","299 10 `` Boy ( Dog ) Meets Girl ( Dog ) ''","Brian Iles Steve Callaghan January 7 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 07 )","FACX09 3.40","After Brian falls in love with Ellie ( voiced by Amanda Seyfried ) , a female show dog , he enters a dog show competition , where the winner will get to breed with her .","Meanwhile , Peter and Lois attempt to convince Chris that `` Arthur Valentine '' is not real .","300 11 `` Dog Bites Bear '' John Holmquist Cherry Chevapravatdumrong January 14 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 14 ) FACX01 4.10","Brian and Stewie 's friendship is put to the test after Brian mutilates Stewie 's teddy bear , Rupert .","Meanwhile , Peter meets his favorite cereal mascot , Boo Berry , and refuses to wash his right hand after shaking it with him .","301 12 `` Send in Stewie , Please '' Joe Vaux Gary Janetti March 18 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 18 ) FACX10 2.24","When Stewie gets sent to see his school 's child psychologist Dr. Cecil Pritchfield ( voiced by Ian McKellen ) for a surprising session , he reveals major secrets about himself .","Note :","This episode premiered on Fox without commercial interruption due to a sponsorship agreement with Sony Interactive Entertainment for their PlayStation 4 game , God of War , who was the sole advertiser at the end of the episode .","302 13 `` V Is for Mystery '' Joseph Lee David A. Goodman March 25 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 25 )","FACX08 1.91","In a parody of Sherlock Holmes , the episode depicts Sherlock Holmes ( portrayed by Stewie ) and Dr. Watson ( portrayed by Brian ) as they embark on solving a string of murder mysteries .","303 14 `` Veteran Guy '' John Holmquist Patrick Meighan April 1 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 01 ) FACX11","2.05","Peter pretends to be a veteran after buying a cap with the name USS Nathan James on it , along with Joe and Cleveland , annoying Quagmire ( who is a veteran ) .","After they are caught , they are forced to join the Coast Guard where they end up in a life - or - death situation .","304 15 `` The Woof of Wall Street '' Steve Robertson Alex Carter April 8 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 08 ) FACX12","1.93 Stewie teaches Brian how to invest in the stock market , but a gruesome product Brian likes could result in his death .","Meanwhile , Peter , Joe , Cleveland , and Quagmire look after the Drunken Clam while Jerome is away .","305 16 `` Family Guy Through the Years ''","Julius Wu Chris Sheridan April 22 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 22 ) FACX13","2.00 Family Guy is reimagined as a series that has been on the air for 60 years , and in a special retrospective , it looks back at the cultural events and issues that were tackled on the show in the 1950s , ' 60s and ' 70s .","306 17 `` Switch the Flip ''","Mike Kim Kevin Biggins April 29 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 29 )","FACX14","2.26 Stewie uses one of his inventions to swap bodies with Brian in order to fix his life , but this plan backfires as chaos quickly ensues around Quahog .","307 18 `` HTTPete '' Greg Colton Damien Fahey May 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 06 ) FACX15 1.92","In order to promote the brewery , Peter adopts the millennial lifestyle .","This attracts a high - powered Silicon Valley executive attention .","308 19 `` The Unkindest Cut '' Jerry Langford Mark Hentemann May 13 , 2018","( 2018 - 05 - 13 ) FACX16 2.15","After Quagmire 's most treasured body part is bitten off in a shark attack , he must learn to live without it .","Meanwhile , Stewie and Brian try to search the country for Mort after they discover he has left town , due to being involved in a drug scam .","309 20 `` Are You There God ?","It 's Me , Peter '' Joseph Lee Travis Bowe May 20 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 20 ) FACX17 1.83","When Peter falls into a coma and gets the opportunity to have a conversation with God , he interrogates the deity with some tough questions ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9202696308656637756","input":"where is the nba all-star game going to be played","passages":[{"title":"2018 NBA All-Star Game","text":"^ INJ1 DeMarcus Cousins was unable to play due to an Achilles injury . ^ REP1 Paul George was selected as DeMarcus Cousins ' replacement . ^ INJ2 John Wall was unable to participate due to a knee injury . ^ REP2 Andre Drummond was selected as John Wall 's replacement . ^ INJ3 Kevin Love was unable to participate due to a hand injury . ^ REP3 Goran Dragi\u0107 was selected as Kevin Love 's replacement . ^ INJ4 Kristaps Porzi\u0146\u0123is was unable to participate due to a torn ACL . ^ REP4 Kemba Walker was named as Kristaps Porzi\u0146\u0123is ' replacement . ^ ST Russell Westbrook was selected to start in place of Cousins .","sentences":["^ INJ1 DeMarcus Cousins was unable to play due to an Achilles injury .","^","REP1 Paul George was selected as DeMarcus Cousins ' replacement .","^","INJ2","John Wall was unable to participate due to a knee injury .","^","REP2 Andre Drummond was selected as John Wall 's replacement .","^","INJ3 Kevin Love was unable to participate due to a hand injury .","^","REP3 Goran Dragi\u0107 was selected as Kevin Love 's replacement .","^","INJ4 Kristaps Porzi\u0146\u0123is was unable to participate due to a torn ACL .","^","REP4 Kemba Walker was named as Kristaps Porzi\u0146\u0123is ' replacement .","^","ST Russell Westbrook was selected to start in place of Cousins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1718424563243531284","input":"a decrease in magnetic field strength is link to what","passages":[{"title":"Magnetic domain","text":"The reason a piece of magnetic material such as iron spontaneously divides into separate domains , rather than exist in a state with magnetization in the same direction throughout the material , is to minimize its internal energy . A large region of ferromagnetic material with a constant magnetization throughout will create a large magnetic field extending into the space outside itself ( diagram a , right ) . This requires a lot of magnetostatic energy stored in the field . To reduce this energy , the sample can split into two domains , with the magnetization in opposite directions in each domain ( diagram b right ) . The magnetic field lines pass in loops in opposite directions through each domain , reducing the field outside the material . To reduce the field energy further , each of these domains can split also , resulting in smaller parallel domains with magnetization in alternating directions , with smaller amounts of field outside the material .","sentences":["The reason a piece of magnetic material such as iron spontaneously divides into separate domains , rather than exist in a state with magnetization in the same direction throughout the material , is to minimize its internal energy .","A large region of ferromagnetic material with a constant magnetization throughout will create a large magnetic field extending into the space outside itself ( diagram a , right ) .","This requires a lot of magnetostatic energy stored in the field .","To reduce this energy , the sample can split into two domains , with the magnetization in opposite directions in each domain ( diagram b right ) .","The magnetic field lines pass in loops in opposite directions through each domain , reducing the field outside the material .","To reduce the field energy further , each of these domains can split also , resulting in smaller parallel domains with magnetization in alternating directions , with smaller amounts of field outside the material ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7185996866462781684","input":"the conventional level of reasoning judgement of right or wrong is based on","passages":[{"title":"Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development","text":"In Stage six ( universal ethical principles driven ) , moral reasoning is based on abstract reasoning using universal ethical principles . Laws are valid only insofar as they are grounded in justice , and a commitment to justice carries with it an obligation to disobey unjust laws . Legal rights are unnecessary , as social contracts are not essential for deontic moral action . Decisions are not reached hypothetically in a conditional way but rather categorically in an absolute way , as in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant . This involves an individual imagining what they would do in another 's shoes , if they believed what that other person imagines to be true . The resulting consensus is the action taken . In this way action is never a means but always an end in itself ; the individual acts because it is right , and not because it avoids punishment , is in their best interest , expected , legal , or previously agreed upon . Although Kohlberg insisted that stage six exists , he found it difficult to identify individuals who consistently operated at that level . Touro College Researcher Arthur P. Sullivan helped support the accuracy of Kohlberg 's first five stages through data analysis , but could not provide statistical evidence for the existence of Kohlberg 's sixth stage . Therefore , it is difficult to define \/ recognize as a concrete stage in moral development .","sentences":["In Stage six ( universal ethical principles driven ) , moral reasoning is based on abstract reasoning using universal ethical principles .","Laws are valid only insofar as they are grounded in justice , and a commitment to justice carries with it an obligation to disobey unjust laws .","Legal rights are unnecessary , as social contracts are not essential for deontic moral action .","Decisions are not reached hypothetically in a conditional way but rather categorically in an absolute way , as in the philosophy of Immanuel Kant .","This involves an individual imagining what they would do in another 's shoes , if they believed what that other person imagines to be true .","The resulting consensus is the action taken .","In this way action is never a means but always an end in itself ; the individual acts because it is right , and not because it avoids punishment , is in their best interest , expected , legal , or previously agreed upon .","Although Kohlberg insisted that stage six exists , he found it difficult to identify individuals who consistently operated at that level .","Touro College Researcher Arthur P. Sullivan helped support the accuracy of Kohlberg 's first five stages through data analysis , but could not provide statistical evidence for the existence of Kohlberg 's sixth stage .","Therefore , it is difficult to define \/ recognize as a concrete stage in moral development ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7731612934651919994","input":"what is the dimension of velocity of sound","passages":[{"title":"Speed of sound","text":"The effect from impurities can be significant when making high - precision measurements . Chemical desiccants can be used to dry the air , but will in turn contaminate the sample . The air can be dried cryogenically , but this has the effect of removing the carbon dioxide as well ; therefore many high - precision measurements are performed with air free of carbon dioxide rather than with natural air . A 2002 review found that a 1963 measurement by Smith and Harlow using a cylindrical resonator gave `` the most probable value of the standard speed of sound to date . '' The experiment was done with air from which the carbon dioxide had been removed , but the result was then corrected for this effect so as to be applicable to real air . The experiments were done at 30 \u00b0 C but corrected for temperature in order to report them at 0 \u00b0 C. The result was 331.45 \u00b1 0.01 m \/ s for dry air at STP , for frequencies from 93 Hz to 1,500 Hz .","sentences":["The effect from impurities can be significant when making high - precision measurements .","Chemical desiccants can be used to dry the air , but will in turn contaminate the sample .","The air can be dried cryogenically , but this has the effect of removing the carbon dioxide as well ; therefore many high - precision measurements are performed with air free of carbon dioxide rather than with natural air .","A 2002 review found that a 1963 measurement by Smith and Harlow using a cylindrical resonator gave `` the most probable value of the standard speed of sound to date . ''","The experiment was done with air from which the carbon dioxide had been removed , but the result was then corrected for this effect so as to be applicable to real air .","The experiments were done at 30 \u00b0 C but corrected for temperature in order to report them at 0 \u00b0","C.","The result was 331.45 \u00b1 0.01 m \/ s for dry air at STP , for frequencies from 93 Hz to 1,500 Hz ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3458489246780046393","input":"why is the liturgical colour of advent purple","passages":[{"title":"Liturgical colours","text":"Ember days Rogation days Vigil of St. Andrew Vigil of St. Thomas Vigil of Christmas Holy Innocents ( when this falls on a weekday ) Purification ( Blessing of Candles and Procession ) Vigil of St. Matthias ( in leap years only ) Septuagesima , Sexagesima , and Quinquagesima Palm Sunday ( Blessing of Palms , Procession , Mass ) Holy Saturday ( pre-Mass blessings and rites ) Vigil of Pentecost ( pre-Mass blessings and rites ) Vigil of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist Vigil of St. James Vigil of the Assumption Vigil of Sts . Simon and Jude Vigil of All Saints All Souls ( during the Forty Hours ' Devotion only ) Sacrament of Baptism ( Introductory rites and Exorcism )","sentences":["Ember days","Rogation days Vigil of St. Andrew Vigil of St. Thomas Vigil of Christmas Holy Innocents ( when this falls on a weekday )","Purification ( Blessing of Candles and Procession )","Vigil of St. Matthias ( in leap years only )","Septuagesima , Sexagesima , and Quinquagesima Palm Sunday ( Blessing of Palms , Procession , Mass ) Holy Saturday ( pre-Mass blessings and rites )","Vigil of Pentecost ( pre-Mass blessings and rites )","Vigil of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist Vigil of St. James Vigil of the Assumption Vigil of Sts .","Simon and Jude Vigil of All Saints All Souls ( during the Forty Hours ' Devotion only ) Sacrament of Baptism ( Introductory rites and Exorcism )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3200945158178576348","input":"where is kenyatta avenue located in nairobi kenya","passages":[{"title":"Nairobi","text":"Nairobi 's tallest skyscrapers Pinnacle Towers 274 m ( 899 ft ) UAP Tower 163 m ( 535 ft ) Times Tower 140 m ( 460 ft ) Teleposta Towers 120 m ( 390 ft ) Kenyatta International Conference Centre 105 m ( 344 ft ) NSSF Building 103 m ( 338 ft ) I&M Bank Tower 100 m ( 330 ft ) Nyayo House 84 m ( 276 ft ) Cooperative Bank House 83 m ( 272 ft ) National Bank House 82 m ( 269 ft ) Hazina Towers 81 m ( 266 ft ) Rahimtulla Tower 80 m ( 260 ft )","sentences":["Nairobi 's tallest skyscrapers Pinnacle Towers 274 m ( 899 ft )","UAP Tower 163 m ( 535 ft )","Times Tower 140 m ( 460 ft )","Teleposta Towers 120 m ( 390 ft )","Kenyatta International Conference Centre 105 m ( 344 ft )","NSSF Building 103 m ( 338 ft ) I&M Bank Tower 100 m ( 330 ft )","Nyayo House 84 m ( 276 ft ) Cooperative Bank House 83 m ( 272 ft ) National Bank House 82 m ( 269 ft )","Hazina Towers 81 m ( 266 ft )","Rahimtulla Tower 80 m ( 260 ft )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6734056901983009542","input":"where was it's always sunny in philadelphia filmed","passages":[{"title":"It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia","text":"The theme song is a piece of production music called `` Temptation Sensation '' by German composer Heinz Kiessling . Additionally , Kiessling 's work ( `` On Your Bike '' and `` Blue Blood '' ) can also be heard during various scene transitions throughout the show , along with other composers and pieces such as Werner Tautz ( `` Off Broadway '' ) , Joe Brook ( `` Moonbeam Kiss '' ) and Karl Grell ( `` Honey Bunch '' ) . Many of the tracks heard in the series have been taken from Cafe Romantique , an album of easy listening production music collected by Extreme Music , the production music library unit of Sony \/ ATV Music Publishing . Independent record label Fervor Records has also contributed music to the show . Songs from The Jack Gray Orchestra 's album , Easy Listening Symph - O - Nette ( `` Take A Letter Miss Jones '' , `` Golly Gee Whiz '' , and `` Not a Care in the World '' ) and the John Costello III release Giants of Jazz ( `` Birdcage '' , `` Cotton Club '' and `` Quintessential '' ) are heard in several episodes . The soundtrack , featuring most of the music heard on the show , was released in 2010 .","sentences":["The theme song is a piece of production music called `` Temptation Sensation '' by German composer Heinz Kiessling .","Additionally , Kiessling 's work ( `` On Your Bike '' and `` Blue Blood '' ) can also be heard during various scene transitions throughout the show , along with other composers and pieces such as Werner Tautz ( `` Off Broadway '' ) , Joe Brook ( `` Moonbeam Kiss '' ) and Karl Grell ( `` Honey Bunch '' ) .","Many of the tracks heard in the series have been taken from Cafe Romantique , an album of easy listening production music collected by Extreme Music , the production music library unit of Sony \/ ATV Music Publishing .","Independent record label Fervor Records has also contributed music to the show .","Songs from The Jack Gray Orchestra 's album , Easy Listening Symph - O - Nette ( `` Take A Letter Miss Jones '' , `` Golly Gee Whiz '' , and `` Not a Care in the World '' ) and the John Costello III release Giants of Jazz ( `` Birdcage '' , `` Cotton Club '' and `` Quintessential '' ) are heard in several episodes .","The soundtrack , featuring most of the music heard on the show , was released in 2010 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4857700815498849007","input":"where do most of the avocados come from","passages":[{"title":"Avocado","text":"Indoors , an avocado tree is usually grown from the pit of an avocado fruit . This is often done by removing the pit from a ripe , unrefrigerated avocado fruit . The pit is then stabbed with three or four toothpicks , about one - third of the way up from the flat end . The pit is placed in a jar or vase containing tepid water . It should split in four to six weeks and yield roots and a sprout . If there is no change by this time , the avocado pit is discarded . Once the stem has grown a few inches , it is placed in a pot with soil . It should be watered every few days . Avocados have been known to grow large , so owners must be ready to re-pot the plant several times .","sentences":["Indoors , an avocado tree is usually grown from the pit of an avocado fruit .","This is often done by removing the pit from a ripe , unrefrigerated avocado fruit .","The pit is then stabbed with three or four toothpicks , about one - third of the way up from the flat end .","The pit is placed in a jar or vase containing tepid water .","It should split in four to six weeks and yield roots and a sprout .","If there is no change by this time , the avocado pit is discarded .","Once the stem has grown a few inches , it is placed in a pot with soil .","It should be watered every few days .","Avocados have been known to grow large , so owners must be ready to re-pot the plant several times ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5462349301786838701","input":"when does hurricane season officially end in florida","passages":[{"title":"Atlantic hurricane season","text":"Year Map Number of tropical storms Number of hurricanes Number of major hurricanes Deaths Damage USD Strongest storm Major landfall hurricanes Notes 1930 8,000 $50 million `` Dominican Republic '' Dominican Republic Hurricane of 1930 ( cat 4 ) The fifth deadliest hurricane on record 1931 13 2,502 $7.5 million `` Belize '' Belize Hurricane of 1931 ( cat 4 ) 1932 15 6 3,315 $37 million `` Cuba '' Freeport Texas Hurricane of 1932 ( cat 4 ) Great Bahamas Hurricane of 1932 ( cat 5 ) Hurricane San Cipri\u00e1n of 1932 ( cat 4 ) Great Cuba Hurricane of 1932 ( cat 5 ) Two Category 5 hurricanes ; one in November ( the latest such on record ) ; four major hurricanes made landfall 1933 20 11 6 651 $86.6 million `` Tampico '' Chesapeake -- Potomac Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 4 ) Great Cuba - Brownsville Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 5 ) Treasure Coast Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 4 ) Outer Banks Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 4 ) Tampico Yucat\u00e1n Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 5 ) Second most active season on record following very active 1932 season . Two Category 5 hurricanes . Five major hurricanes made landfall 1934 13 7 2,017 $4.26 million Thirteen 1935 8 5 2,604 $12.5 million `` Labor Day '' Great Labor Day Hurricane of 1935 ( cat 5 ) Cuba Hurricane of 1935 ( cat 4 ) The Labor Day hurricane is most intense landfalling tropical cyclone in the Atlantic known to date 1936 17 7 5 $1.23 million Thirteen Very active season with no major landfalling hurricanes 1937 11 0 Unknown Six 1938 9 ~ 700 $290.3 million `` New England '' Long Island Express Hurricane ( cat 5 ) Earliest starting season on record ( January 3 ) . Long Island express made landfall as a fast moving category 3 . 1939 6 5 Unknown Five","sentences":["Year Map Number of tropical storms Number of hurricanes Number of major hurricanes Deaths Damage USD Strongest storm Major landfall hurricanes Notes 1930 8,000 $50 million `` Dominican Republic '' Dominican Republic Hurricane of 1930 ( cat 4 )","The fifth deadliest hurricane on record 1931 13 2,502 $7.5 million `` Belize '' Belize Hurricane of 1931 ( cat 4 ) 1932 15 6 3,315 $37 million `` Cuba ''","Freeport Texas Hurricane of 1932 ( cat 4 ) Great Bahamas Hurricane of 1932 ( cat 5 ) Hurricane San Cipri\u00e1n of 1932 ( cat 4 )","Great Cuba Hurricane of 1932 ( cat 5 )","Two Category 5 hurricanes ; one in November ( the latest such on record ) ; four major hurricanes made landfall","1933 20 11 6 651 $86.6 million `` Tampico '' Chesapeake -- Potomac Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 4 )","Great Cuba - Brownsville Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 5 ) Treasure Coast Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 4 ) Outer Banks Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 4 ) Tampico Yucat\u00e1n Hurricane of 1933 ( cat 5 )","Second most active season on record following very active 1932 season .","Two Category 5 hurricanes .","Five major hurricanes made landfall 1934 13 7 2,017 $4.26 million Thirteen 1935 8 5 2,604 $12.5 million `` Labor Day ''","Great Labor Day Hurricane of 1935 ( cat 5 ) Cuba Hurricane of 1935 ( cat 4 )","The Labor Day hurricane is most intense landfalling tropical cyclone in the Atlantic known to date 1936 17 7 5 $1.23 million Thirteen Very active season with no major landfalling hurricanes 1937 11 0 Unknown Six 1938 9 ~ 700 $290.3 million `` New England ''","Long Island Express Hurricane ( cat 5 ) Earliest starting season on record ( January 3 ) .","Long Island express made landfall as a fast moving category 3 .","1939 6 5 Unknown Five"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7707548579271785778","input":"where is volcano erupting in hawaii on map","passages":[{"title":"K\u012blauea","text":"The summits of the five volcanoes of Hawaii are revered as sacred mountains . Hawaiians associated elements of their natural environment with particular deities . In Hawaiian mythology , the sky father W\u0101kea marries the earth mother Papa , giving birth to the Hawaiian Islands . K\u012blauea itself means `` spewing '' or `` much spreading '' in Hawaiian , referencing its high state of activity , and in Hawaiian mythology K\u012blauea is the body of the deity Pele , goddess of fire , lightning , wind , and volcanoes . It is here that the conflict between Pele and the rain god Kamapua \u02bba was centered ; Halema \u02bbuma\u02bbu , `` House of the \u02bbama\u02bbuma\u02bbu fern '' , derives its name from the struggle between the two gods . Kamapua \u02bba , hard - pressed by Pele 's ability to make lava spout from the ground at will , covered the feature , a favorite residence of the goddess , with fern fronds . Choked by trapped smoke , Pele emerged . Realizing that each could threaten the other with destruction , the other gods called a draw and divided the island between them , with Kamapua \u02bba getting the moist windward northeastern side , and Pele directing the drier Kona ( or leeward ) side . The rusty singed appearance of the young fronds of the \u02bbama\u02bbuma\u02bbu is said to be a product of the legendary struggle .","sentences":["The summits of the five volcanoes of Hawaii are revered as sacred mountains .","Hawaiians associated elements of their natural environment with particular deities .","In Hawaiian mythology , the sky father W\u0101kea marries the earth mother Papa , giving birth to the Hawaiian Islands .","K\u012blauea itself means `` spewing '' or `` much spreading '' in Hawaiian , referencing its high state of activity , and in Hawaiian mythology K\u012blauea is the body of the deity Pele , goddess of fire , lightning , wind , and volcanoes .","It is here that the conflict between Pele and the rain god Kamapua \u02bba was centered ; Halema \u02bbuma\u02bbu , `` House of the \u02bbama\u02bbuma\u02bbu fern '' , derives its name from the struggle between the two gods .","Kamapua \u02bba , hard - pressed by Pele 's ability to make lava spout from the ground at will , covered the feature , a favorite residence of the goddess , with fern fronds .","Choked by trapped smoke , Pele emerged .","Realizing that each could threaten the other with destruction , the other gods called a draw and divided the island between them , with Kamapua \u02bba getting the moist windward northeastern side , and Pele directing the drier Kona ( or leeward ) side .","The rusty singed appearance of the young fronds of the \u02bbama\u02bbuma\u02bbu is said to be a product of the legendary struggle ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7851867048639035644","input":"where is one radian on the unit circle","passages":[{"title":"Radian","text":"\u03c0 3 rad = \u03c0 3 \u22c5 180 \u2218 \u03c0 = 60 \u2218 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( \\ pi ) ( 3 ) ) ( \\ text ( rad ) ) = ( \\ frac ( \\ pi ) ( 3 ) ) \\ cdot ( \\ frac ( 180 ^ ( \\ circ ) ) ( \\ pi ) ) = 60 ^ ( \\ circ ) )","sentences":["\u03c0 3 rad = \u03c0 3 \u22c5 180 \u2218 \u03c0 = 60 \u2218 ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ frac ( \\ pi )","( 3 ) )","( \\ text ( rad ) )","= ( \\ frac ( \\ pi )","( 3 ) )","\\ cdot ( \\ frac ( 180 ^ ( \\ circ ) )","( \\ pi ) )","= 60 ^","( \\ circ ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2118724400043384387","input":"what are the reasons for partition of india","passages":[{"title":"Partition of India","text":"Train to Pakistan being given an honour - guard send - off . New Delhi railway station , 1947 Rural Sikhs in a long oxcart train headed towards India . 1947 . Two Muslim men ( in a rural refugee train headed towards Pakistan ) carrying an old woman in a makeshift doli or palanquin. 1947 . A refugee train on its way to Punjab , Pakistan","sentences":["Train to Pakistan being given an honour - guard send - off .","New Delhi railway station , 1947 Rural Sikhs in a long oxcart train headed towards India .","1947 .","Two Muslim men ( in a rural refugee train headed towards Pakistan ) carrying an old woman in a makeshift doli or palanquin.","1947 .","A refugee train on its way to Punjab , Pakistan"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6070378746733708697","input":"when do you add citric acid to wine","passages":[{"title":"Acids in wine","text":"Acetic acid is a two - carbon organic acid produced in wine during or after the fermentation period . It is the most volatile of the primary acids associated with wine and is responsible for the sour taste of vinegar . During fermentation , activity by yeast cells naturally produces a small amount of acetic acid . If the wine is exposed to oxygen , Acetobacter bacteria will convert the ethanol into acetic acid . This process is known as the `` acetification '' of wine and is the primary process behind wine degradation into vinegar . An excessive amount of acetic acid is also considered a wine fault . A taster 's sensitivity to acetic acid will vary , but most people can detect excessive amounts at around 600 mg \/ l .","sentences":["Acetic acid is a two - carbon organic acid produced in wine during or after the fermentation period .","It is the most volatile of the primary acids associated with wine and is responsible for the sour taste of vinegar .","During fermentation , activity by yeast cells naturally produces a small amount of acetic acid .","If the wine is exposed to oxygen , Acetobacter bacteria will convert the ethanol into acetic acid .","This process is known as the `` acetification '' of wine and is the primary process behind wine degradation into vinegar .","An excessive amount of acetic acid is also considered a wine fault .","A taster 's sensitivity to acetic acid will vary , but most people can detect excessive amounts at around 600 mg \/ l ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1468559676107832070","input":"where does international waters start in the gulf of mexico","passages":[{"title":"Gulf of Mexico","text":"In 1523 , \u00c1ngel de Villafa\u00f1e sailed toward Mexico City , but was shipwrecked en route along the coast of Padre Island , Texas , in 1554 . When word of the disaster reached Mexico City , the viceroy requested a rescue fleet and immediately sent Villafa\u00f1e marching overland to find the treasure - laden vessels . Villafa\u00f1e traveled to P\u00e1nuco and hired a ship to transport him to the site , which had already been visited from that community . He arrived in time to greet Garc\u00eda de Escalante Alvarado ( a nephew of Pedro de Alvarado ) , commander of the salvage operation , when Alvarado arrived by sea on July 22 , 1554 . The team labored until September 12 to salvage the Padre Island treasure . This loss , in combination with other ship disasters around the Gulf of Mexico , gave rise to a plan for establishing a settlement on the northern Gulf Coast to protect shipping and more quickly rescue castaways . As a result , the expedition of Trist\u00e1n de Luna y Arellano was sent and landed at Pensacola Bay on August 15 , 1559 .","sentences":["In 1523 , \u00c1ngel de Villafa\u00f1e sailed toward Mexico City , but was shipwrecked en route along the coast of Padre Island , Texas , in 1554 .","When word of the disaster reached Mexico City , the viceroy requested a rescue fleet and immediately sent Villafa\u00f1e marching overland to find the treasure - laden vessels .","Villafa\u00f1e traveled to P\u00e1nuco and hired a ship to transport him to the site , which had already been visited from that community .","He arrived in time to greet Garc\u00eda de Escalante Alvarado ( a nephew of Pedro de Alvarado ) , commander of the salvage operation , when Alvarado arrived by sea on July 22 , 1554 .","The team labored until September 12 to salvage the Padre Island treasure .","This loss , in combination with other ship disasters around the Gulf of Mexico , gave rise to a plan for establishing a settlement on the northern Gulf Coast to protect shipping and more quickly rescue castaways .","As a result , the expedition of Trist\u00e1n de Luna y Arellano was sent and landed at Pensacola Bay on August 15 , 1559 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4153167678266659463","input":"harry poter and the goblet of fire cast","passages":[{"title":"Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (film)","text":"The maturity of Harry , Ron , and Hermione , among others , impressed most critics . While the major characters were portrayed as children in the previous films , `` they have subtly transitioned into teenagers ( in Goblet of Fire ) '' according to one USA Today reviewer . Desson Thomson of the Washington Post called the film `` Probably the most engaging film of the Potter series thus far '' . Joe Morgenstern of the Wall Street Journal stated `` The studio , like plucky Harry , passes with flying colors . The new one , directed by Mike Newell from another astute script by Mr. Kloves , is even richer and fuller , as well as dramatically darker . It 's downright scary how good this movie is '' .","sentences":["The maturity of Harry , Ron , and Hermione , among others , impressed most critics .","While the major characters were portrayed as children in the previous films , `` they have subtly transitioned into teenagers ( in Goblet of Fire ) ''","according to one USA Today reviewer .","Desson Thomson of the Washington Post called the film `` Probably the most engaging film of the Potter series thus far '' .","Joe Morgenstern of the Wall Street Journal stated `` The studio , like plucky Harry , passes with flying colors .","The new one , directed by Mike Newell from another astute script by Mr. Kloves , is even richer and fuller , as well as dramatically darker .","It 's downright scary how good this movie is '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2205973021429683664","input":"where are all the air force bases located","passages":[{"title":"List of United States Air Force installations","text":"Ben Guerir Air Base , Morocco ( Closed 1958 ) Boulhaut Air Base , Morocco ( Closed 1963 ) Comiso Air Base , Italy Used as BGM - 109G Ground Launched Cruise Missile base , 1983 -- 1991 Hellenikon Airport , Greece ( Closed 1993 ) Iraklion Air Station , Crete , Greece ( Closed 1993 ) Nouasseur Air Base , Morocco ( Closed 1963 ) Pirinclik Air Base , Turkey ( Closed 1997 ) Torrej\u00f3n Air Base , Spain ( Closed 1992 ) Sidi Slimane Air Base , Morocco ( Closed 1963 ) Wheelus Air Base , Libya ( Closed 1970 ) Zaragoza Air Base , Spain ( Closed 1994 )","sentences":["Ben Guerir Air Base , Morocco ( Closed 1958 )","Boulhaut Air Base , Morocco ( Closed 1963",")","Comiso Air Base , Italy Used as BGM - 109G Ground Launched Cruise Missile base , 1983 -- 1991 Hellenikon Airport , Greece ( Closed 1993 )","Iraklion Air Station , Crete , Greece ( Closed 1993 )","Nouasseur Air Base , Morocco ( Closed 1963 )","Pirinclik Air Base , Turkey ( Closed 1997 )","Torrej\u00f3n Air Base , Spain ( Closed 1992 )","Sidi Slimane Air Base , Morocco ( Closed 1963",")","Wheelus Air Base , Libya ( Closed 1970 )","Zaragoza Air Base , Spain ( Closed 1994 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8549790689797805209","input":"what area of the brain is responsible for short term memory","passages":[{"title":"Neuroanatomy of memory","text":"The most important function of the Occipital lobe is vision . Due to the positioning of this lobe at the back of the head it is not susceptible to much injury but any significant damage to the brain can cause a variety of damage to our visual perception system . Common problems in the occipital lobe are field defects and scotomas , movement and colour discrimination , hallucinations , illusions , inability to recognize words and inability to recognize movement . A study was done in which patients suffered from a tumour on the occipital lobe and the results shows that the most frequent consequence was contralateral damage to the visual field . When damage occurs in the occipital lobe it is most common to see the effects on the opposite side of the brain . Since the brain regions are so specialized in their functioning damages done to specific areas of the brain can cause specific type of damage . Damage to the left side of the brain can lead to language discrepancies , i.e. difficulty in properly identifying letters , numbers and words , inability to incorporate visual stimuli to comprehend multiple ways an object can be found . Right side damage causes non-verbal problems , i.e. identifying geometric shapes , perception of figures and faces . In almost all regions of the brain left side damage leads to general language problems whereas right side damage leads to general perception and problem solving skills .","sentences":["The most important function of the Occipital lobe is vision .","Due to the positioning of this lobe at the back of the head it is not susceptible to much injury but any significant damage to the brain can cause a variety of damage to our visual perception system .","Common problems in the occipital lobe are field defects and scotomas , movement and colour discrimination , hallucinations , illusions , inability to recognize words and inability to recognize movement .","A study was done in which patients suffered from a tumour on the occipital lobe and the results shows that the most frequent consequence was contralateral damage to the visual field .","When damage occurs in the occipital lobe it is most common to see the effects on the opposite side of the brain .","Since the brain regions are so specialized in their functioning damages done to specific areas of the brain can cause specific type of damage .","Damage to the left side of the brain can lead to language discrepancies , i.e. difficulty in properly identifying letters , numbers and words , inability to incorporate visual stimuli to comprehend multiple ways an object can be found .","Right side damage causes non-verbal problems , i.e. identifying geometric shapes , perception of figures and faces .","In almost all regions of the brain left side damage leads to general language problems whereas right side damage leads to general perception and problem solving skills ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8619446109030089155","input":"who hit a homerun in the world series in the 80s 90s and 2000","passages":[{"title":"Kirk Gibson's 1988 World Series home run","text":"... then you would run for Gibson and have Sax batting . But , we have a big 3 -- 2 pitch coming here from Eckersley . Gibson swings , and a fly ball to deep right field ! This is gon na be a home run ! ! ! Unbelievable ! A home run for Gibson ! And the Dodgers have won the game , five to four ; I do n't believe what I just saw ! ! !","sentences":["... then you would run for Gibson and have Sax batting .","But , we have a big 3 -- 2 pitch coming here from Eckersley .","Gibson swings , and a fly ball to deep right field !","This is gon na be a home run ! ! !","Unbelievable !","A home run for Gibson !","And the Dodgers have won the game , five to four ; I do n't believe what I just saw ! ! !"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7443559044884659170","input":"when did the first 4k tv come out","passages":[{"title":"4K resolution","text":"Though experiencing rapid price drops beginning in 2013 for viewing devices , the home cinema digital video projector market saw little expansion , with only a few manufacturers ( only Sony as of 2015 ) offering limited 4K - capable lineups , with native 4K projectors commanding five - figure price tags well into 2015 before finally breaking the US $10,000 barrier . Critics state that at normal direct - view panel size and viewing distances , the extra pixels of 4K are redundant at the ability of normal human vision . Projection home cinemas , on the other hand , employ much larger screen sizes without necessarily increasing viewing distance to scale . JVC has used a technique known as `` e-shift '' to extrapolate extra pixels from 1080p sources to display 4K on screens through upscaling or from native 4K sources at a much lower price than native 4K projectors . This technology of non-native 4K entered its fourth generation for 2016 . JVC used this same technology to provide 8K flight simulation for Boeing that met the limits of 20 \/ 25 visual acuity .","sentences":["Though experiencing rapid price drops beginning in 2013 for viewing devices , the home cinema digital video projector market saw little expansion , with only a few manufacturers ( only Sony as of 2015 )","offering limited 4K - capable lineups , with native 4K projectors commanding five - figure price tags well into 2015 before finally breaking the US $10,000 barrier .","Critics state that at normal direct - view panel size and viewing distances , the extra pixels of 4K are redundant at the ability of normal human vision .","Projection home cinemas , on the other hand , employ much larger screen sizes without necessarily increasing viewing distance to scale .","JVC has used a technique known as `` e-shift '' to extrapolate extra pixels from 1080p sources to display 4K on screens through upscaling or from native 4K sources at a much lower price than native 4K projectors .","This technology of non-native 4K entered its fourth generation for 2016 .","JVC used this same technology to provide 8K flight simulation for Boeing that met the limits of 20 \/ 25 visual acuity ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1180677105417073714","input":"what is the theme of gregor and the prophecy of bane","passages":[{"title":"Gregor and the Prophecy of Bane","text":"Gregor and the Prophecy of Bane received critical acclaim , especially for its treatment of difficult issues in a way that is accessible for young readers . VOYA reviewer Nancy K. Wallace notes the discussions of revenge , murder , and betrayal . She remarks on how Gregor is `` prepared to heartlessly slaughter The Bane '' yet overcomes his `` hatred for the rats that killed his sister '' , but must still `` face charges of treason '' for his apparent betrayal of his duties . Timnah Card of the Bulletin of the Center for Children 's Books describes how Gregor is `` disturbed to discover his unsuspected capacities as a warrior '' . In a similar way , the book 's Kirkus Reviews review notes the way that `` humor and terror alternate '' throughout the story . The Children 's Cooperative Book Center ( CCBC ) of the University of Wisconsin -- Madison wrote `` Scenes ... range from fast to funny to deliciously frightening . Gregor also faces several moral choices . As in the first volume of The Underland Chronicles , there is plenty of humor and plenty of intense action in this riveting , fast - paced novel . ''","sentences":["Gregor and the Prophecy of Bane received critical acclaim , especially for its treatment of difficult issues in a way that is accessible for young readers .","VOYA reviewer Nancy K. Wallace notes the discussions of revenge , murder , and betrayal .","She remarks on how Gregor is `` prepared to heartlessly slaughter The Bane '' yet overcomes his `` hatred for the rats that killed his sister '' , but must still `` face charges of treason '' for his apparent betrayal of his duties .","Timnah Card of the Bulletin of the Center for Children 's Books describes how Gregor is `` disturbed to discover his unsuspected capacities as a warrior '' .","In a similar way , the book 's Kirkus Reviews review notes the way that `` humor and terror alternate '' throughout the story .","The Children 's Cooperative Book Center ( CCBC ) of the University of Wisconsin -- Madison wrote `` Scenes ... range from fast to funny to deliciously frightening .","Gregor also faces several moral choices .","As in the first volume of The Underland Chronicles , there is plenty of humor and plenty of intense action in this riveting , fast - paced novel . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3096916327584000066","input":"where does the south park movie fit in the seasons","passages":[{"title":"South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut","text":"Sheila and President Bill Clinton announce that the United States will go to war with Canada and have Terrance and Phillip executed at a USO show . After overhearing Cartman leading the children in a song degrading her , Sheila has Dr. Vosknocker implant a V - Chip . The device gives Cartman an electric shock every time he swears . Back in Hell , Satan declares that if the blood of the two innocent Canadians touches American soil , he will invade Earth . Later , Kenny 's ghost visits Cartman to warn him of the consequences of executing Terrance and Phillip . After failing to convince their parents , the boys decide to take matters into their own hands . They form La Resistance and Gregory tells Stan to recruit a God - hating French expert on covert operations named `` The Mole '' .","sentences":["Sheila and President Bill Clinton announce that the United States will go to war with Canada and have Terrance and Phillip executed at a USO show .","After overhearing Cartman leading the children in a song degrading her , Sheila has Dr. Vosknocker implant a V - Chip .","The device gives Cartman an electric shock every time he swears .","Back in Hell , Satan declares that if the blood of the two innocent Canadians touches American soil , he will invade Earth .","Later , Kenny 's ghost visits Cartman to warn him of the consequences of executing Terrance and Phillip .","After failing to convince their parents , the boys decide to take matters into their own hands .","They form La Resistance and Gregory tells Stan to recruit a God - hating French expert on covert operations named `` The Mole '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3426533510141137369","input":"when does meredith come back in season 13","passages":[{"title":"Grey's Anatomy (season 13)","text":"As the flames rage throughout Grey Sloan , Bailey issues a mass - evacuation while Jackson and Meredith desperately search for Stephanie and Nathan . Stephanie , who is revealed to be alive , is forced to perform a surgery on Erin 's leg , while the flames grow even bigger and looms closer towards the duo . Meanwhile , Owen and Amelia continue preparing for their journey , despite finding out about the incident at the hospital , to visit Owen 's MIA sister , Megan . Back at the hospital , Stephanie is forced to go to extremes as she braves the growing flames on her floor , ending up in the staircase . Crawling towards the roof access with Erin in tow , Stephanie comes to the horrifying realization that her key card is missing , which is needed to open the door . Seeing no other option , she wraps Erin in a water - soaked blanket as she prepares to sacrifice herself . But just as the smoke reaches her , she sees that her key card is within sight and fights to retrieve it . As Stephanie and Erin at last enter onto the roof , Erin codes leaving Stephanie hysterical for help . As Stephanie is performing CPR while screaming for assistance , Ben leads a group of firefighters towards Stephanie 's location , finally rescuing her at last . In the aftermath of the blaze , Minnick is fired by Bailey after an inquiry regarding the fire , Erin is alive and in recovery , Stephanie too is recovering from her burns as she tearfully tells Richard she 's quitting , Nathan finds out about Megan from Meredith who encourages him to reunite with his true love , Maggie is told by April that if she wants she could see Jackson , and Owen and Amelia finally arrive at Madigan Army Medical Center as Megan 's helicopter lands and she is pulled away on a gurney towards Owen , as he at long last comes to terms that his sister is truly alive .","sentences":["As the flames rage throughout Grey Sloan , Bailey issues a mass - evacuation while Jackson and Meredith desperately search for Stephanie and Nathan .","Stephanie , who is revealed to be alive , is forced to perform a surgery on Erin 's leg , while the flames grow even bigger and looms closer towards the duo .","Meanwhile , Owen and Amelia continue preparing for their journey , despite finding out about the incident at the hospital , to visit Owen 's MIA sister , Megan .","Back at the hospital , Stephanie is forced to go to extremes as she braves the growing flames on her floor , ending up in the staircase .","Crawling towards the roof access with Erin in tow , Stephanie comes to the horrifying realization that her key card is missing , which is needed to open the door .","Seeing no other option , she wraps Erin in a water - soaked blanket as she prepares to sacrifice herself .","But just as the smoke reaches her , she sees that her key card is within sight and fights to retrieve it .","As Stephanie and Erin at last enter onto the roof , Erin codes leaving Stephanie hysterical for help .","As Stephanie is performing CPR while screaming for assistance , Ben leads a group of firefighters towards Stephanie 's location , finally rescuing her at last .","In the aftermath of the blaze , Minnick is fired by Bailey after an inquiry regarding the fire , Erin is alive and in recovery , Stephanie too is recovering from her burns as she tearfully tells Richard she 's quitting , Nathan finds out about Megan from Meredith who encourages him to reunite with his true love , Maggie is told by April that if she wants she could see Jackson , and Owen and Amelia finally arrive at Madigan Army Medical Center as Megan 's helicopter lands and she is pulled away on a gurney towards Owen , as he at long last comes to terms that his sister is truly alive ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8184607418415508105","input":"what part of atlanta has the most crime","passages":[{"title":"Atlanta","text":"Atlanta has played a major or contributing role in the development of various genres of American music at different points in the city 's history . Beginning as early as the 1920s , Atlanta emerged as a center for country music , which was brought to the city by migrants from Appalachia . During the countercultural 1960s , Atlanta hosted the Atlanta International Pop Festival , with the 1969 festival taking place more than a month before Woodstock and featuring many of the same bands . The city was also a center for Southern rock during its 1970s heyday : the Allman Brothers Band 's hit instrumental `` Hot ' Lanta '' is an ode to the city , while Lynyrd Skynyrd 's famous live rendition of `` Free Bird '' was recorded at the Fox Theatre in 1976 , with lead singer Ronnie Van Zant directing the band to `` play it pretty for Atlanta '' . During the 1980s , Atlanta had an active Punk rock scene that was centered on two of the city 's music venues , 688 Club and the Metroplex , and Atlanta famously played host to the Sex Pistols first U.S. show , which was performed at the Great Southeastern Music Hall . The 1990s saw the birth of Atlanta hip hop , a subgenre that gained relevance following the success of home - grown duo OutKast ; however , it was not until the 2000s that Atlanta moved `` from the margins to becoming hip - hop 's center of gravity , part of a larger shift in hip - hop innovation to the South '' . Also in the 2000s , Atlanta was recognized by the Brooklyn - based Vice magazine for its indie rock scene , which revolves around the various live music venues found on the city 's alternative eastside .","sentences":["Atlanta has played a major or contributing role in the development of various genres of American music at different points in the city 's history .","Beginning as early as the 1920s , Atlanta emerged as a center for country music , which was brought to the city by migrants from Appalachia .","During the countercultural 1960s , Atlanta hosted the Atlanta International Pop Festival , with the 1969 festival taking place more than a month before Woodstock and featuring many of the same bands .","The city was also a center for Southern rock during its 1970s heyday : the Allman Brothers Band 's hit instrumental `` Hot ' Lanta '' is an ode to the city , while Lynyrd Skynyrd 's famous live rendition of `` Free Bird '' was recorded at the Fox Theatre in 1976 , with lead singer Ronnie Van Zant directing the band to `` play it pretty for Atlanta '' .","During the 1980s , Atlanta had an active Punk rock scene that was centered on two of the city 's music venues , 688 Club and the Metroplex , and Atlanta famously played host to the Sex Pistols first U.S. show , which was performed at the Great Southeastern Music Hall .","The 1990s saw the birth of Atlanta hip hop , a subgenre that gained relevance following the success of home - grown duo OutKast ; however , it was not until the 2000s that Atlanta moved `` from the margins to becoming hip - hop 's center of gravity , part of a larger shift in hip - hop innovation to the South '' .","Also in the 2000s , Atlanta was recognized by the Brooklyn - based Vice magazine for its indie rock scene , which revolves around the various live music venues found on the city 's alternative eastside ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3103540232686175226","input":"where does the last name coffee come from","passages":[{"title":"Coffee","text":"Other accounts attribute the discovery of coffee to Sheikh Omar . According to an ancient chronicle ( preserved in the Abd - Al - Kadir manuscript ) , Omar , who was known for his ability to cure the sick through prayer , was once exiled from Mocha in Yemen to a desert cave near Ousab ( modern day Wusab , about 90 km east of Zabid ) . Starving , Omar chewed berries from nearby shrubbery , but found them to be bitter . He tried roasting the seeds to improve the flavor , but they became hard . He then tried boiling them to soften the seed , which resulted in a fragrant brown liquid . Upon drinking the liquid Omar was revitalized and sustained for days . As stories of this `` miracle drug '' reached Mocha , Omar was asked to return and was made a saint . From Ethiopia , the coffee plant was introduced into the Arab World through Egypt and Yemen .","sentences":["Other accounts attribute the discovery of coffee to Sheikh Omar .","According to an ancient chronicle ( preserved in the Abd - Al - Kadir manuscript ) , Omar , who was known for his ability to cure the sick through prayer , was once exiled from Mocha in Yemen to a desert cave near Ousab ( modern day Wusab , about 90 km east of Zabid ) .","Starving , Omar chewed berries from nearby shrubbery , but found them to be bitter .","He tried roasting the seeds to improve the flavor , but they became hard .","He then tried boiling them to soften the seed , which resulted in a fragrant brown liquid .","Upon drinking the liquid Omar was revitalized and sustained for days .","As stories of this `` miracle drug '' reached Mocha , Omar was asked to return and was made a saint .","From Ethiopia , the coffee plant was introduced into the Arab World through Egypt and Yemen ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3844125090241992817","input":"who made a vow to god in the bible","passages":[{"title":"Jephthah","text":"Jephthah ( pronounced \/ \u02c8d\u0292\u025bf\u03b8\u0259 \/ ; Hebrew : \u05d9\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u200e Yip\u0304t\u0101\u1e25 ) , appears in the Book of Judges as a judge over Israel for a period of six years ( Judges 12 : 7 ) . According to Judges , he lived in Gilead . His father 's name is also given as Gilead , and , as his mother is described as a prostitute , this may indicate that his father might have been any of the men of that area . Jephthah led the Israelites in battle against Ammon and , in exchange for defeating the Ammonites , made a vow to sacrifice whatever would come out of the door of his house first . When his daughter was the first to come out of the house , he immediately regretted the vow , which would require him to sacrifice his daughter to God . It is disputed whether or not the sacrifice was actually carried out . Traditionally , Jephthah is listed among major judges because of the length of the biblical narrative referring to him , but his story also shares features with those of the minor judges , such as his short tenure -- only six years -- in office .","sentences":["Jephthah ( pronounced \/ \u02c8d\u0292\u025bf\u03b8\u0259 \/ ; Hebrew : \u05d9\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u200e Yip\u0304t\u0101\u1e25 ) , appears in the Book of Judges as a judge over Israel for a period of six years ( Judges 12 : 7 ) .","According to Judges , he lived in Gilead .","His father 's name is also given as Gilead , and , as his mother is described as a prostitute , this may indicate that his father might have been any of the men of that area .","Jephthah led the Israelites in battle against Ammon and , in exchange for defeating the Ammonites , made a vow to sacrifice whatever would come out of the door of his house first .","When his daughter was the first to come out of the house , he immediately regretted the vow , which would require him to sacrifice his daughter to God .","It is disputed whether or not the sacrifice was actually carried out .","Traditionally , Jephthah is listed among major judges because of the length of the biblical narrative referring to him , but his story also shares features with those of the minor judges , such as his short tenure -- only six years -- in office ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1060078614551471620","input":"what is the meaning of dove in the bible","passages":[{"title":"Doves as symbols","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( November 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) White","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( November 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","White"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5744773686571221410","input":"where did the marble for the lincoln memorial come from","passages":[{"title":"Lincoln Memorial","text":"Lying between the north and south chambers is the central hall containing the solitary figure of Lincoln sitting in contemplation . The statue was carved by the Piccirilli Brothers under the supervision of the sculptor , Daniel Chester French , and took four years to complete . The statue , originally intended to be only 10 feet ( 3.0 m ) tall , was , on further consideration , enlarged so that it finally stood 19 feet ( 5.8 m ) tall from head to foot , the scale being such that if Lincoln were standing , he would be 28 feet ( 8.5 m ) tall . The widest span of the statue corresponds to its height . Of Georgia white marble , it weighs 175 short tons ( 159 t ) and was shipped in twenty - eight pieces .","sentences":["Lying between the north and south chambers is the central hall containing the solitary figure of Lincoln sitting in contemplation .","The statue was carved by the Piccirilli Brothers under the supervision of the sculptor , Daniel Chester French , and took four years to complete .","The statue , originally intended to be only 10 feet ( 3.0 m ) tall , was , on further consideration , enlarged so that it finally stood 19 feet ( 5.8 m )","tall from head to foot , the scale being such that if Lincoln were standing , he would be 28 feet ( 8.5 m ) tall .","The widest span of the statue corresponds to its height .","Of Georgia white marble , it weighs 175 short tons ( 159 t ) and was shipped in twenty - eight pieces ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5587051097424788314","input":"who was the supreme court justice that died","passages":[{"title":"Antonin Scalia","text":"In the aftermath of Watergate , the Ford administration was engaged in a number of conflicts with Congress . Scalia repeatedly testified before congressional committees , defending Ford administration assertions of executive privilege regarding its refusal to turn over documents . Within the administration , Scalia advocated a presidential veto for a bill to amend the Freedom of Information Act , which would greatly increase the act 's scope . Scalia 's view prevailed , and Ford vetoed the bill , but Congress overrode it . In early 1976 , Scalia argued his only case before the Supreme Court , Alfred Dunhill of London , Inc. v. Republic of Cuba . Scalia , on behalf of the US government , argued in support of Dunhill , and that position was successful . Following Ford 's defeat by President Jimmy Carter , Scalia worked for several months at the American Enterprise Institute .","sentences":["In the aftermath of Watergate , the Ford administration was engaged in a number of conflicts with Congress .","Scalia repeatedly testified before congressional committees , defending Ford administration assertions of executive privilege regarding its refusal to turn over documents .","Within the administration , Scalia advocated a presidential veto for a bill to amend the Freedom of Information Act , which would greatly increase the act 's scope .","Scalia 's view prevailed , and Ford vetoed the bill , but Congress overrode it .","In early 1976 , Scalia argued his only case before the Supreme Court , Alfred Dunhill of London , Inc. v. Republic of Cuba .","Scalia , on behalf of the US government , argued in support of Dunhill , and that position was successful .","Following Ford 's defeat by President Jimmy Carter , Scalia worked for several months at the American Enterprise Institute ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3277440183031597840","input":"what is the concept of cce and its objectives","passages":[{"title":"Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation","text":"The summative assessment is a three - hour long written test conducted twice a year . The first summative or Summative Assessment 1 ( SA - 1 ) will be conducted after the first two formatives are completed . The second ( SA - 2 ) will be conducted after the next two formatives . Each summative will carry a 30 % weightage and both together will carry a 60 % weightage for the aggregate . The summative assessment will be conducted by the schools itself . However , the question papers will be partially prepared by the CBSE and evaluation of the answer sheets is also strictly monitored by the CBSE . Once completed , the syllabus of one summative will not be repeated in the next . A student will have to concentrate on totally new topics for the next summative .","sentences":["The summative assessment is a three - hour long written test conducted twice a year .","The first summative or Summative Assessment 1 ( SA - 1 ) will be conducted after the first two formatives are completed .","The second ( SA - 2 ) will be conducted after the next two formatives .","Each summative will carry a 30 % weightage and both together will carry a 60 % weightage for the aggregate .","The summative assessment will be conducted by the schools itself .","However , the question papers will be partially prepared by the CBSE and evaluation of the answer sheets is also strictly monitored by the CBSE .","Once completed , the syllabus of one summative will not be repeated in the next .","A student will have to concentrate on totally new topics for the next summative ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4490189175606119203","input":"where were the carriers on december 7 1941","passages":[{"title":"Attack on Pearl Harbor","text":"The attack commenced at 7 : 48 a.m. Hawaiian Time ( 18 : 18 GMT ) . The base was attacked by 353 Imperial Japanese aircraft ( including fighters , level and dive bombers , and torpedo bombers ) in two waves , launched from six aircraft carriers . All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged , with four sunk . All but the USS Arizona were later raised , and six were returned to service and went on to fight in the war . The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers , three destroyers , an anti-aircraft training ship , and one minelayer . One hundred eighty - eight U.S. aircraft were destroyed ; 2,403 Americans were killed and 1,178 others were wounded . Important base installations such as the power station , dry dock , shipyard , maintenance , and fuel and torpedo storage facilities , as well as the submarine piers and headquarters building ( also home of the intelligence section ) , were not attacked . Japanese losses were light : 29 aircraft and five midget submarines lost , and 64 servicemen killed . One Japanese sailor , Kazuo Sakamaki , was captured .","sentences":["The attack commenced at 7 : 48 a.m. Hawaiian Time ( 18 : 18 GMT ) .","The base was attacked by 353 Imperial Japanese aircraft ( including fighters , level and dive bombers , and torpedo bombers ) in two waves , launched from six aircraft carriers .","All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged , with four sunk .","All but the USS Arizona were later raised , and six were returned to service and went on to fight in the war .","The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers , three destroyers , an anti-aircraft training ship , and one minelayer .","One hundred eighty - eight U.S. aircraft were destroyed ; 2,403 Americans were killed and 1,178 others were wounded .","Important base installations such as the power station , dry dock , shipyard , maintenance , and fuel and torpedo storage facilities , as well as the submarine piers and headquarters building ( also home of the intelligence section ) , were not attacked .","Japanese losses were light : 29 aircraft and five midget submarines lost , and 64 servicemen killed .","One Japanese sailor , Kazuo Sakamaki , was captured ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5752918004928122952","input":"where do planes fly to from norwich airport","passages":[{"title":"Norwich Airport","text":"Norwich International Airport announced in 2015 that four new routes were being considered for Department for Transport ( DfT ) funding . The routes being considered included : Dublin Airport ( Flybe , double daily return weekdays , single return weekends ) , Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport ( Flybe , daily return ) , Newcastle Airport ( Links Air , double daily weekday return ) , and Exeter Airport ( Flybe , daily return ) . Links Air proposed a start date of 1st September 2016 , but the airline was put into liquidation . In November 2015 it was announced that bids for routes to Newcastle and Exeter had been successful , with the inaugural flight to the latter on 24th March 2016 , operated by Flybe . Flybe also confirmed plans to operate summer sun and winter ski routes from Norwich Airport as part of a 5 - year deal with the Regional & City Airports ( RCA ) group . From May 2016 , one of Flybe 's 118 - seat Embraer ERJ - 195 aircraft began operating multi-weekly flights from Norwich to Alicante and M\u00e1laga . In addition , with effect from its Winter 2016 programme Flybe will also introduce Geneva as a new route from Norwich .","sentences":["Norwich International Airport announced in 2015 that four new routes were being considered for Department for Transport ( DfT ) funding .","The routes being considered included : Dublin Airport ( Flybe , double daily return weekdays , single return weekends ) , Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport ( Flybe , daily return ) , Newcastle Airport ( Links Air , double daily weekday return ) , and Exeter Airport ( Flybe , daily return ) .","Links Air proposed a start date of 1st September 2016 , but the airline was put into liquidation .","In November 2015 it was announced that bids for routes to Newcastle and Exeter had been successful , with the inaugural flight to the latter on 24th March 2016 , operated by Flybe .","Flybe also confirmed plans to operate summer sun and winter ski routes from Norwich Airport as part of a 5 - year deal with the Regional & City Airports ( RCA ) group .","From May 2016 , one of Flybe 's 118 - seat Embraer ERJ - 195 aircraft began operating multi-weekly flights from Norwich to Alicante and M\u00e1laga .","In addition , with effect from its Winter 2016 programme Flybe will also introduce Geneva as a new route from Norwich ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6856733245894274568","input":"where is lithuania located on a map of europe","passages":[{"title":"Lithuania","text":"Largest cities or towns in Lithuania Statistics Lithuania ( 2015 ) Rank Name County Pop . Rank Name County Pop . Vilnius Kaunas Vilnius Vilnius 542,990 11 K\u0117dainiai Kaunas 25,107 Klaip\u0117da \u0160iauliai Kaunas Kaunas 299,466 12 Tel\u0161iai Tel\u0161iai 24,855 Klaip\u0117da Klaip\u0117da 155,032 13 Taurag\u0117 Taurag\u0117 24,681 \u0160iauliai \u0160iauliai 103,676 14 Ukmerg\u0117 Vilnius 21,981 5 Panev\u0117\u017eys Panev\u0117\u017eys 94,399 15 Visaginas Utena 20,028 6 Alytus Alytus 55,012 16 Kretinga Klaip\u0117da 19,999 7 Ma\u017eeikiai Tel\u0161iai 38,120 17 Radvili\u0161kis \u0160iauliai 18,882 8 Marijampol\u0117 Marijampol\u0117 37,914 18 Plung\u0117 Tel\u0161iai 18,717 9 Jonava Kaunas 28,719 19 Vilkavi\u0161kis Marijampol\u0117 16,707 10 Utena Utena 27,120 20 \u0160ilut\u0117 Klaip\u0117da 16,686 Map","sentences":["Largest cities or towns in Lithuania Statistics Lithuania ( 2015 ) Rank Name County Pop .","Rank Name County Pop .","Vilnius Kaunas Vilnius Vilnius 542,990 11 K\u0117dainiai Kaunas 25,107 Klaip\u0117da \u0160iauliai Kaunas Kaunas 299,466 12","Tel\u0161iai Tel\u0161iai 24,855 Klaip\u0117da Klaip\u0117da 155,032 13 Taurag\u0117 Taurag\u0117 24,681 \u0160iauliai \u0160iauliai 103,676 14 Ukmerg\u0117 Vilnius 21,981 5","Panev\u0117\u017eys Panev\u0117\u017eys 94,399 15 Visaginas Utena 20,028 6 Alytus Alytus 55,012 16 Kretinga Klaip\u0117da 19,999 7 Ma\u017eeikiai Tel\u0161iai 38,120 17 Radvili\u0161kis \u0160iauliai 18,882 8 Marijampol\u0117 Marijampol\u0117 37,914 18 Plung\u0117 Tel\u0161iai 18,717 9 Jonava Kaunas 28,719 19","Vilkavi\u0161kis Marijampol\u0117 16,707 10 Utena Utena 27,120 20 \u0160ilut\u0117 Klaip\u0117da 16,686 Map"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1672680770236846830","input":"how did the government change after the french revolution","passages":[{"title":"Influence of the French Revolution","text":"In 1805 he formed the Kingdom of Italy , with himself as king and his stepson as viceroy . In addition , France turned the Netherlands into the Batavian Republic , and Switzerland into the Helvetic Republic . All these new countries where satellites of France , and had to pay large subsidies to Paris , as well as provide military support for Napoleon 's wars . Their political and administrative systems were modernized , the metric system introduced , and trade barriers reduced . Jewish ghettos were abolished . Belgium and Piedmont became integral parts of France . The new nations were abolished and returned to prewar owners in 1814 . However , Artz emphasizes the benefits the Italians gained from the French Revolution :","sentences":["In 1805 he formed the Kingdom of Italy , with himself as king and his stepson as viceroy .","In addition , France turned the Netherlands into the Batavian Republic , and Switzerland into the Helvetic Republic .","All these new countries where satellites of France , and had to pay large subsidies to Paris , as well as provide military support for Napoleon 's wars .","Their political and administrative systems were modernized , the metric system introduced , and trade barriers reduced .","Jewish ghettos were abolished .","Belgium and Piedmont became integral parts of France .","The new nations were abolished and returned to prewar owners in 1814 .","However , Artz emphasizes the benefits the Italians gained from the French Revolution :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8665548956644539954","input":"where is the world is carmen sandiego game","passages":[{"title":"Carmen Sandiego (video game series)","text":"This title was released in 1986 . Similar to World , the goal of this game is track Carmen 's villains around the United States , and arrest them and later ultimately arrest Carmen herself . In order to make an arrest , the user must have a warrant and , obviously , it has to be the correct warrant . The user gets information from the bystanders on where the thief went next and what the thief looks like . When the user reaches his \/ her final destination where the villain is going to pass off the loot to Carmen , he \/ she have to arrest them . Where","sentences":["This title was released in 1986 .","Similar to World , the goal of this game is track Carmen 's villains around the United States , and arrest them and later ultimately arrest Carmen herself .","In order to make an arrest , the user must have a warrant and , obviously , it has to be the correct warrant .","The user gets information from the bystanders on where the thief went next and what the thief looks like .","When the user reaches his \/ her final destination where the villain is going to pass off the loot to Carmen , he \/ she have to arrest them .","Where"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8491496344574877838","input":"where does the cotton come from that is used to make clothing plants algae bacteria worms","passages":[{"title":"Moss","text":"It has recently been found that microarthropods , such as springtails and mites , can effect moss fertilization and that this process is mediated by moss - emitted scents . Male and female fire moss , for example emit different and complex volatile organic scents . Female plants emit more compounds than male plants . Springtails were found to choose female plants preferentially , and one study found that springtails enhance moss fertilization , suggesting a scent - mediated relationship analogous to the plant - pollinator relationship found in many seed plants . The stinkmoss species Splachnum sphaericum develops insect pollination further by attracting flies to its sporangia with a strong smell of carrion , and providing a strong visual cue in the form of red - coloured swollen collars beneath each spore capsule . Flies attracted to the moss carry its spores to fresh herbivore dung , which is the favoured habitat of the species of this genus .","sentences":["It has recently been found that microarthropods , such as springtails and mites , can effect moss fertilization and that this process is mediated by moss - emitted scents .","Male and female fire moss , for example emit different and complex volatile organic scents .","Female plants emit more compounds than male plants .","Springtails were found to choose female plants preferentially , and one study found that springtails enhance moss fertilization , suggesting a scent - mediated relationship analogous to the plant - pollinator relationship found in many seed plants .","The stinkmoss species Splachnum sphaericum develops insect pollination further by attracting flies to its sporangia with a strong smell of carrion , and providing a strong visual cue in the form of red - coloured swollen collars beneath each spore capsule .","Flies attracted to the moss carry its spores to fresh herbivore dung , which is the favoured habitat of the species of this genus ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"112584519802502559","input":"what does it mean to be anti democratic","passages":[{"title":"Criticism of democracy","text":"The constitutions of many countries have parts of them that restrict the nature of the types of laws that legislatures can pass . A fundamental idea behind some of these restrictions , is that the majority of a population and its elected legislature can often be the source of minority persecutions , such as with racial discrimination . For example , during the mid-1930s and mid-1970s in the democratic country of Sweden , the government forcibly sterilized thousands of innocent women . They were sterilized due to `` ' mental defects ' , or simply because they were of mixed race . '' A second example is when , in 2014 in Pakistan , `` a Christian couple were burnt alive in a brick kiln by a mob for their alleged burning of the pages of Quran . '' This was followed by little police retaliation and a statement from the President of Pakistan stating that his government would protect the rights and interests of the Christian community . Some countries throughout the world have judiciaries where judges can serve for long periods of time , and often serve under appointed posts . This is often balanced , however , by the fact that some trials are decided by juries . While many , like Wittman , have argued that democracies work much the same way as the free market and that there is competition among parties to prevent oppression by the majority , others have argued that there is actually very little competition among political parties in democracies due to the high cost associated with campaigning .","sentences":["The constitutions of many countries have parts of them that restrict the nature of the types of laws that legislatures can pass .","A fundamental idea behind some of these restrictions , is that the majority of a population and its elected legislature can often be the source of minority persecutions , such as with racial discrimination .","For example , during the mid-1930s and mid-1970s in the democratic country of Sweden , the government forcibly sterilized thousands of innocent women .","They were sterilized due to `` ' mental defects ' , or simply because they were of mixed race . ''","A second example is when , in 2014 in Pakistan , `` a Christian couple were burnt alive in a brick kiln by a mob for their alleged burning of the pages of Quran . ''","This was followed by little police retaliation and a statement from the President of Pakistan stating that his government would protect the rights and interests of the Christian community .","Some countries throughout the world have judiciaries where judges can serve for long periods of time , and often serve under appointed posts .","This is often balanced , however , by the fact that some trials are decided by juries .","While many , like Wittman , have argued that democracies work much the same way as the free market and that there is competition among parties to prevent oppression by the majority , others have argued that there is actually very little competition among political parties in democracies due to the high cost associated with campaigning ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8272860432403540547","input":"with which poet would you associate the term sprung rhythm instress and inscape","passages":[{"title":"Sprung rhythm","text":"I c\u00e1ught this m\u00f3rning m\u00f3rning 's m\u00ednion , k\u00edng - dom of d\u00e1ylight 's d\u00e1uphin , dapple - d\u00e1wn - drawn F\u00e1lcon , in his r\u00edding Of the r\u00f3lling level \u00fandern\u00e9ath him steady \u00e1ir , and str\u00edding H\u00edgh there , how he r\u00fang upon the r\u00e9in of a w\u00edmpling w\u00edng In his \u00e9cstasy ! then \u00f3ff , \u00f3ff f\u00f3rth on sw\u00edng , As a sk\u00e1te 's heel sweeps sm\u00f3oth on a b\u00f3w - bend : the h\u00farl and gl\u00edding Reb\u00faffed the b\u00edg w\u00ednd . My h\u00e9art in h\u00edding St\u00edrred for a b\u00edrd , -- the ach\u00edeve of , the m\u00e1stery of the th\u00edng ! Brute b\u00e9auty and v\u00e1lour and \u00e1ct , oh , air , pr\u00edde , plume , h\u00e9re Buckle ! \u00c1ND the f\u00edre that br\u00e9aks from thee th\u00e9n , a b\u00edllion T\u00edmes told l\u00f3velier , more d\u00e1ngerous , \u00d3 my cheval\u00eder ! No w\u00f3nder of it : sh\u00e9er pl\u00f3d makes pl\u00f3ugh down s\u00edllion Sh\u00edne , and bl\u00fae - bleak \u00e9mbers , \u00e1h my d\u00e9ar , Fall , g\u00e1ll thems\u00e9lves , and g\u00e1sh g\u00f3ld - verm\u00edlion .","sentences":["I c\u00e1ught this m\u00f3rning m\u00f3rning 's m\u00ednion , k\u00edng - dom of d\u00e1ylight 's d\u00e1uphin , dapple - d\u00e1wn - drawn F\u00e1lcon , in his r\u00edding Of the r\u00f3lling level \u00fandern\u00e9ath him steady \u00e1ir , and str\u00edding H\u00edgh there , how he r\u00fang upon the r\u00e9in of a w\u00edmpling w\u00edng In his \u00e9cstasy !","then \u00f3ff , \u00f3ff f\u00f3rth on sw\u00edng , As a sk\u00e1te 's heel sweeps sm\u00f3oth on a b\u00f3w - bend : the h\u00farl and gl\u00edding Reb\u00faffed the b\u00edg w\u00ednd .","My h\u00e9art in h\u00edding St\u00edrred for a b\u00edrd , -- the ach\u00edeve of , the m\u00e1stery of the th\u00edng !","Brute b\u00e9auty and v\u00e1lour and \u00e1ct , oh , air , pr\u00edde , plume , h\u00e9re Buckle !","\u00c1ND the f\u00edre that br\u00e9aks from thee th\u00e9n , a b\u00edllion T\u00edmes told l\u00f3velier , more d\u00e1ngerous , \u00d3 my cheval\u00eder !","No w\u00f3nder of it : sh\u00e9er pl\u00f3d makes pl\u00f3ugh down s\u00edllion Sh\u00edne , and bl\u00fae - bleak \u00e9mbers , \u00e1h my d\u00e9ar , Fall , g\u00e1ll thems\u00e9lves , and g\u00e1sh g\u00f3ld - verm\u00edlion ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"978799042353001573","input":"what was the importance of lexington and concord to the american revolution","passages":[{"title":"Battles of Lexington and Concord","text":"After having waited most of the night with no sign of any British troops ( and wondering if Paul Revere 's warning was true ) , at about 4 : 15 a.m. , Parker got his confirmation . Thaddeus Bowman , the last scout that Parker had sent out , rode up at a gallop and told him that they were not only coming , but coming in force and they were close . Captain Parker was clearly aware that he was outmatched in the confrontation and was not prepared to sacrifice his men for no purpose . He knew that most of the colonists ' powder and military supplies at Concord had already been hidden . No war had been declared . ( The Declaration of Independence was a year in the future . ) He also knew the British had gone on such expeditions before in Massachusetts , found nothing , and marched back to Boston .","sentences":["After having waited most of the night with no sign of any British troops ( and wondering if Paul Revere 's warning was true ) , at about 4 : 15 a.m. , Parker got his confirmation .","Thaddeus Bowman , the last scout that Parker had sent out , rode up at a gallop and told him that they were not only coming , but coming in force and they were close .","Captain Parker was clearly aware that he was outmatched in the confrontation and was not prepared to sacrifice his men for no purpose .","He knew that most of the colonists ' powder and military supplies at Concord had already been hidden .","No war had been declared .","( The Declaration of Independence was a year in the future . )","He also knew the British had gone on such expeditions before in Massachusetts , found nothing , and marched back to Boston ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-13367070055932864","input":"why were the european powers interested in getting involved in the indian ocean trade routes","passages":[{"title":"Spice trade","text":"It was during this time that Spanish and Portuguese explorers first set foot on the New World . Christopher Columbus was the first to do so in 1492 while sailing westward across the Atlantic Ocean on an expedition to the indies . Instead of reaching Asia , Colombus discovered the Americas , landing on an island in what is now the Bahamas . Believing to have in fact reached India , the crew named the natives `` Indians '' , a name which has continued in use to this day , to describe the indigenous peoples of the Americas . Just eight years later in 1500 , the Portuguese navigator , Pedro \u00c1lvares Cabral while attempting to reproduce Vasco da Gama 's Atlantic route to the Cape and India was blown westwards to what is today Brazil . After taking possession of the new land , Cabral resumed his voyage across the Atlantic to the southern tip of Africa and India , finally arriving there in September 1500 -- opening for the first time a route from the New World to Asia -- and returning to Portugal by 1501 .","sentences":["It was during this time that Spanish and Portuguese explorers first set foot on the New World .","Christopher Columbus was the first to do so in 1492 while sailing westward across the Atlantic Ocean on an expedition to the indies .","Instead of reaching Asia , Colombus discovered the Americas , landing on an island in what is now the Bahamas .","Believing to have in fact reached India , the crew named the natives `` Indians '' , a name which has continued in use to this day , to describe the indigenous peoples of the Americas .","Just eight years later in 1500 , the Portuguese navigator , Pedro \u00c1lvares Cabral while attempting to reproduce Vasco da Gama 's Atlantic route to the Cape and India was blown westwards to what is today Brazil .","After taking possession of the new land , Cabral resumed his voyage across the Atlantic to the southern tip of Africa and India , finally arriving there in September 1500 -- opening for the first time a route from the New World to Asia -- and returning to Portugal by 1501 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8941850491850835495","input":"what does the replication of dna during interphase ensure during cell replication","passages":[{"title":"DNA replication","text":"The first is the best known of these mechanisms and is used by the cellular organisms . In this mechanism , once the two strands are separated , primase adds RNA primers to the template strands . The leading strand receives one RNA primer while the lagging strand receives several . The leading strand is continuously extended from the primer by a DNA polymerase with high processivity , while the lagging strand is extended discontinuously from each primer forming Okazaki fragments . RNase removes the primer RNA fragments , and a low processivity DNA polymerase distinct from the replicative polymerase enters to fill the gaps . When this is complete , a single nick on the leading strand and several nicks on the lagging strand can be found . Ligase works to fill these nicks in , thus completing the newly replicated DNA molecule .","sentences":["The first is the best known of these mechanisms and is used by the cellular organisms .","In this mechanism , once the two strands are separated , primase adds RNA primers to the template strands .","The leading strand receives one RNA primer while the lagging strand receives several .","The leading strand is continuously extended from the primer by a DNA polymerase with high processivity , while the lagging strand is extended discontinuously from each primer forming Okazaki fragments .","RNase removes the primer RNA fragments , and a low processivity DNA polymerase distinct from the replicative polymerase enters to fill the gaps .","When this is complete , a single nick on the leading strand and several nicks on the lagging strand can be found .","Ligase works to fill these nicks in , thus completing the newly replicated DNA molecule ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-494908009137845073","input":"come back to the raft again huck honey pdf","passages":[{"title":"Leslie Fiedler","text":"Fiedler was offered a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard University by the Rockefeller Foundation . He took a number of courses ( including F.O. Matthiessen 's graduate seminar on modern American poetry & a foray into Old Testament Hebrew ) and became involved in the Harvard Poetry Society . Fiedler 's first critical work appeared in 1948 and came about from his habit of reading American novels to his sons . The essay appeared in Partisan Review ( enabled by Fiedler 's recent acquaintance with Delmore Schwartz ) and was the subject of debate . `` Come Back to the Raft Ag'in , Huck Honey ! '' argued a recurrent theme in American literature was an unspoken or implied homoerotic relationship between men , using Huckleberry Finn and Jim as examples . Pairs of men flee for wilderness rather than remain in the civilizing and domesticated world of women . Fiedler also deals with this male bonding in Love and Death in the American Novel ( 1960 ) , Waiting for the End ( 1964 ) and The Return of the Vanishing American ( 1968 ) .","sentences":["Fiedler was offered a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard University by the Rockefeller Foundation .","He took a number of courses ( including F.O. Matthiessen 's graduate seminar on modern American poetry & a foray into Old Testament Hebrew ) and became involved in the Harvard Poetry Society .","Fiedler 's first critical work appeared in 1948 and came about from his habit of reading American novels to his sons .","The essay appeared in Partisan Review ( enabled by Fiedler 's recent acquaintance with Delmore Schwartz ) and was the subject of debate .","`` Come Back to the Raft Ag'in , Huck Honey ! ''","argued a recurrent theme in American literature was an unspoken or implied homoerotic relationship between men , using Huckleberry Finn and Jim as examples .","Pairs of men flee for wilderness rather than remain in the civilizing and domesticated world of women .","Fiedler also deals with this male bonding in Love and Death in the American Novel ( 1960 ) , Waiting for the End ( 1964 ) and The Return of the Vanishing American ( 1968 ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4417239245291957784","input":"who began his career as an artist for the press during the civil war","passages":[{"title":"Romare Bearden","text":"During his success in the gallery , however , he produced Golgotha , a painting from his series of the Passion of the Christ ( see Figure 1 ) . Golgotha is an abstract representation of the Crucifixion . The eye of the viewer is drawn to the middle of the image first , where Bearden has rendered Christ 's body . The body parts are stylized into abstract geometric shapes , yet still too realistic to be concretely abstract ; this work has a feel of early Cubism . The body is in a central position and yet darkly contrasting with the highlighted crowds . The crowds of people are on the left and right , and are encapsulated within large spheres of bright colors of purple and indigo . The background of the painting is depicted in lighter jewel tones dissected with linear black ink . Bearden used these colors and contrasts because of the abstract influence of the time , but also for their meanings . Bearden","sentences":["During his success in the gallery , however , he produced Golgotha , a painting from his series of the Passion of the Christ ( see Figure 1 ) .","Golgotha is an abstract representation of the Crucifixion .","The eye of the viewer is drawn to the middle of the image first , where Bearden has rendered Christ 's body .","The body parts are stylized into abstract geometric shapes , yet still too realistic to be concretely abstract ; this work has a feel of early Cubism .","The body is in a central position and yet darkly contrasting with the highlighted crowds .","The crowds of people are on the left and right , and are encapsulated within large spheres of bright colors of purple and indigo .","The background of the painting is depicted in lighter jewel tones dissected with linear black ink .","Bearden used these colors and contrasts because of the abstract influence of the time , but also for their meanings .","Bearden"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3661736535485333453","input":"what are the candy heights at hershey park","passages":[{"title":"Hersheypark","text":"Hersheypark Hersheypark , view from Ferris Wheel Slogan Hersheypark Happy Location Derry Township , Pennsylvania , United States Coordinates 40 \u00b0 17 \u2032 17 '' N 76 \u00b0 39 \u2032 25 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.28806 \u00b0 N 76.65694 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.28806 ; - 76.65694 Coordinates : 40 \u00b0 17 \u2032 17 '' N 76 \u00b0 39 \u2032 25 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.28806 \u00b0 N 76.65694 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.28806 ; - 76.65694 Theme Hershey 's Chocolate , Pennsylvania 's heritage Owner Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company Opened May 30 , 1906 ; 112 years ago ( 1906 - 05 - 30 ) ( as Hershey Park ) Previous names Hershey Park Operating season Easter Weekend , May -- September , Halloween and Christmas Visitors per annum 3,301,000 ( 2017 ) Area 121 acres ( 49 ha ) Rides Total 76 ( as of 2018 ) Roller coasters 14 Water rides 16 Website Official website","sentences":["Hersheypark Hersheypark , view from Ferris Wheel Slogan Hersheypark Happy Location Derry Township , Pennsylvania , United States Coordinates 40 \u00b0 17 \u2032 17 ''","N 76 \u00b0 39 \u2032 25 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.28806 \u00b0 N 76.65694 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.28806 ; - 76.65694 Coordinates : 40 \u00b0 17 \u2032 17 '' N 76 \u00b0 39 \u2032 25 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.28806 \u00b0 N 76.65694 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.28806 ; - 76.65694 Theme Hershey 's Chocolate , Pennsylvania 's heritage Owner Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company Opened May 30 , 1906 ; 112 years ago ( 1906 - 05 - 30 ) ( as Hershey Park )","Previous names Hershey Park Operating season Easter Weekend , May -- September , Halloween and Christmas Visitors per annum 3,301,000 ( 2017 )","Area 121 acres ( 49 ha )","Rides Total 76 ( as of 2018 )","Roller coasters 14 Water rides 16 Website Official website"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2390713898109441409","input":"is patton on ncis new orleans in a wheelchair in real life","passages":[{"title":"Daryl Mitchell (actor)","text":"Film Year Film Role Notes House Party Chill 1991 House Party 2 1992 Boomerang Street Photographer Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell 1993 Fly by Night Kayam White Lies Mark Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell Sgt . Bilko Pfc . Walter T. Holbrook A Thin Line Between Love and Hate Earl Credited as Daryl M. Mitchell 1997 Quiet Days in Hollywood Angel Alternative title : The Way We Are 1998 Home Fries Roy 1999 10 Things I Hate About You Mr. Morgan Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell Galaxy Quest Tommy Webber 2000 Lucky Numbers Det . Chambers 2001 Black Knight Steve 2002 13 Moons Lenny The Country Bears Officer Hamm Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell 2006 Inside Man Mobile Command Officer Rourke Television Year Title Role Notes 1985 -- 91 The Cosby Show Old Head Guy in Club Episodes : `` Clair 's Case '' `` Warning : A Double - Lit Candle Can Cause a Meltdown '' 1992 Law & Order Reginald Beggs Episode : `` The Fertile Fields '' Here and Now 15 episodes 1993 Alex Haley 's Queen Abner Miniseries Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell 1993 -- 96 The John Larroquette Show Dexter Walker 84 episodes Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell Cosmic Slop Television movie The Fresh Prince of Bel - Air Chill Episode : `` The Philadelphia Story '' Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell Rebound : The Legend of Earl `` The Goat '' Manigault Dean Memminger Television movie In the House Militant Guy 1 episode 1997 Cosby Mike Toothless Raul Television movie Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell 1997 -- 2000 Veronica 's Closet Leo Michaels 64 episodes 2000 The Pooch and the Pauper Moocher ( Voice ) Television movie 2001 Slacker Cats Eddie ( Voice ) Pilot 2002 -- 04 Ed Eli Goggins III 39 episodes Law & Order : Criminal Intent Player in Wheelchair Episode : `` Mad Hops '' 2005 Eve Damien Episode : `` Wheels and Deals '' 2007 The Suite Life of Zack & Cody Daryl Episode : `` Back in the Game '' The Game Chris Clements Episodes : `` Media Blitz '' , `` The Truth Hurts '' 2009 Brothers Chill Trainor Co-stars with Michael Strahan NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series Canceled after 13 episodes Desperate Housewives Ron Episodes : `` The Glamorous Life '' Wizards of Waverly Place Scientist 1 Episode : `` Wizards Exposed '' 2011 Traffic Light Liam Episode : `` Help Wanted '' 2012 The Cleveland Show Maurice 1 episode , Voice only 2014 -- present NCIS : New Orleans Computer Specialist Patton Plame Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell","sentences":["Film Year Film Role Notes House Party Chill 1991 House Party 2 1992 Boomerang Street Photographer Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell 1993 Fly by Night Kayam White Lies Mark Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell Sgt .","Bilko Pfc .","Walter T. Holbrook","A Thin Line Between Love and Hate Earl Credited as Daryl M. Mitchell 1997","Quiet Days in Hollywood Angel Alternative title : The Way We Are 1998","Home Fries Roy 1999 10 Things I Hate About You Mr. Morgan Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell Galaxy Quest Tommy Webber 2000 Lucky Numbers Det .","Chambers 2001 Black Knight Steve 2002 13 Moons Lenny","The Country Bears Officer Hamm Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell 2006 Inside Man Mobile Command Officer Rourke Television Year","Title Role Notes 1985 --","91 The Cosby Show Old Head Guy in Club Episodes : `` Clair 's Case '' `` Warning : A Double - Lit Candle Can Cause a Meltdown '' 1992 Law & Order Reginald Beggs Episode : `` The Fertile Fields ''","Here and Now 15 episodes 1993","Alex Haley 's Queen Abner Miniseries Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell 1993 --","96 The John Larroquette Show Dexter Walker 84 episodes Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell Cosmic Slop Television movie The Fresh Prince of Bel - Air Chill Episode : `` The Philadelphia Story '' Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell Rebound : The Legend of Earl `` The Goat '' Manigault Dean Memminger Television movie In the House Militant Guy 1 episode 1997","Cosby Mike Toothless Raul Television movie Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell 1997 -- 2000 Veronica 's Closet Leo Michaels 64 episodes 2000","The Pooch and the Pauper Moocher ( Voice ) Television movie 2001 Slacker Cats Eddie ( Voice ) Pilot 2002 -- 04 Ed Eli Goggins III 39 episodes Law & Order : Criminal Intent Player in Wheelchair Episode : `` Mad Hops '' 2005","Eve Damien Episode : `` Wheels and Deals '' 2007","The Suite Life of Zack & Cody Daryl Episode : `` Back in the Game ''","The Game Chris Clements Episodes : `` Media Blitz '' , `` The Truth Hurts '' 2009 Brothers Chill Trainor Co-stars with Michael Strahan NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series Canceled after 13 episodes Desperate Housewives Ron Episodes : `` The Glamorous Life ''","Wizards of Waverly Place Scientist 1 Episode : `` Wizards Exposed '' 2011 Traffic Light Liam Episode : `` Help Wanted '' 2012","The Cleveland Show Maurice 1 episode , Voice only 2014 -- present NCIS : New Orleans Computer Specialist Patton Plame Credited as Daryl `` Chill '' Mitchell"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3607287188729466311","input":"how long did the earthquake in nepal last","passages":[{"title":"April 2015 Nepal earthquake","text":"The risk of a large earthquake was well known beforehand . In 2013 , in an interview with seismologist Vinod Kumar Gaur , The Hindu quoted him as saying , `` Calculations show that there is sufficient accumulated energy ( in the Main Frontal Thrust ) , now to produce an 8 magnitude earthquake . I can not say when . It may not happen tomorrow , but it could possibly happen sometime this century , or wait longer to produce a much larger one . '' According to Brian Tucker , founder of a nonprofit organization devoted to reducing casualties from natural disasters , some government officials had expressed confidence that such an earthquake would not occur again . Tucker recounted a conversation he had had with a government official in the 1990s who said , `` We do n't have to worry about earthquakes anymore , because we already had an earthquake '' ; the previous earthquake to which he referred occurred in 1934 .","sentences":["The risk of a large earthquake was well known beforehand .","In 2013 , in an interview with seismologist Vinod Kumar Gaur , The Hindu quoted him as saying , `` Calculations show that there is sufficient accumulated energy ( in the Main Frontal Thrust ) , now to produce an 8 magnitude earthquake .","I can not say when .","It may not happen tomorrow , but it could possibly happen sometime this century , or wait longer to produce a much larger one . ''","According to Brian Tucker , founder of a nonprofit organization devoted to reducing casualties from natural disasters , some government officials had expressed confidence that such an earthquake would not occur again .","Tucker recounted a conversation he had had with a government official in the 1990s who said , `` We do n't have to worry about earthquakes anymore , because we already had an earthquake '' ; the previous earthquake to which he referred occurred in 1934 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4570401956525385787","input":"what countries are part of the allied powers","passages":[{"title":"Allies of World War II","text":"In Asia , when Japan seized Manchuria in 1931 , the League of Nations condemned it for aggression against China . Japan responded by leaving the League of Nations in March 1933 . After four quiet years , the Sino - Japanese War erupted in 1937 with Japanese forces invading China . The League of Nations condemned Japan 's actions and initiated sanctions on Japan . The United States , in particular , was angered at Japan and sought to support China . Poland","sentences":["In Asia , when Japan seized Manchuria in 1931 , the League of Nations condemned it for aggression against China .","Japan responded by leaving the League of Nations in March 1933 .","After four quiet years , the Sino - Japanese War erupted in 1937 with Japanese forces invading China .","The League of Nations condemned Japan 's actions and initiated sanctions on Japan .","The United States , in particular , was angered at Japan and sought to support China .","Poland"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-725886595383268750","input":"name one species of plant that is often attacked by the tobacco mosaic virus","passages":[{"title":"Plant virus","text":"Plant virus transmission from generation to generation occurs in about 20 % of plant viruses . When viruses are transmitted by seeds , the seed is infected in the generative cells and the virus is maintained in the germ cells and sometimes , but less often , in the seed coat . When the growth and development of plants is delayed because of situations like unfavourable weather , there is an increase in the amount of virus infections in seeds . There does not seem to be a correlation between the location of the seed on the plant and its chances of being infected . Little is known about the mechanisms involved in the transmission of plant viruses via seeds , although it is known that it is environmentally influenced and that seed transmission occurs because of a direct invasion of the embryo via the ovule or by an indirect route with an attack on the embryo mediated by infected gametes . These processes can occur concurrently or separately depending on the host plant . It is unknown how the virus is able to directly invade and cross the embryo and boundary between the parental and progeny generations in the ovule . Many plants species can be infected through seeds including but not limited to the families Leguminosae , Solanaceae , Compositae , Rosaceae , Cucurbitaceae , Gramineae . Bean common mosaic virus is transmitted through seeds .","sentences":["Plant virus transmission from generation to generation occurs in about 20 % of plant viruses .","When viruses are transmitted by seeds , the seed is infected in the generative cells and the virus is maintained in the germ cells and sometimes , but less often , in the seed coat .","When the growth and development of plants is delayed because of situations like unfavourable weather , there is an increase in the amount of virus infections in seeds .","There does not seem to be a correlation between the location of the seed on the plant and its chances of being infected .","Little is known about the mechanisms involved in the transmission of plant viruses via seeds , although it is known that it is environmentally influenced and that seed transmission occurs because of a direct invasion of the embryo via the ovule or by an indirect route with an attack on the embryo mediated by infected gametes .","These processes can occur concurrently or separately depending on the host plant .","It is unknown how the virus is able to directly invade and cross the embryo and boundary between the parental and progeny generations in the ovule .","Many plants species can be infected through seeds including but not limited to the families Leguminosae , Solanaceae , Compositae , Rosaceae , Cucurbitaceae , Gramineae .","Bean common mosaic virus is transmitted through seeds ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9082452302884918439","input":"who made the props for lord of the rings","passages":[{"title":"Production design of The Lord of the Rings film series","text":"The Art Department was careful to respect nature , considering its importance to Tolkien , such as taking plants from the Edoras location into a nursery . They would sometimes mould shapes from real rocks and bark too , and take branches into a steel structure with polystyrene for more convincing prop trees . Brian Massey led the Greens Department , and even wrote a booklet on tree growth when he complained of the props `` being too coney '' for Lothl\u00f3rien when time came to for Fangorn forest . The numerous props within the trilogy are all originally designed at different scales , and many craftsmen were hired , most notably Jens Hansen Gold & Silversmith to create 15 replicas of The One Ring . Contemporary jeweller Jasmine Watson created other significant pieces of jewellery , including the Evenstar worn by Arwen , and Nenya , the ring of Galadriel . Statues were sculpted out of polystyrene , although some thrones seen in the trilogy are in fact crafted out of marble , stone and wood as they would be . A former bank worker named Daniel Reeve was hired to write the numerous books , spines , documents , maps , diagrams and even Orc graffiti that appear in the trilogy .","sentences":["The Art Department was careful to respect nature , considering its importance to Tolkien , such as taking plants from the Edoras location into a nursery .","They would sometimes mould shapes from real rocks and bark too , and take branches into a steel structure with polystyrene for more convincing prop trees .","Brian Massey led the Greens Department , and even wrote a booklet on tree growth when he complained of the props `` being too coney '' for Lothl\u00f3rien when time came to for Fangorn forest .","The numerous props within the trilogy are all originally designed at different scales , and many craftsmen were hired , most notably Jens Hansen Gold & Silversmith to create 15 replicas of The One Ring .","Contemporary jeweller Jasmine Watson created other significant pieces of jewellery , including the Evenstar worn by Arwen , and Nenya , the ring of Galadriel .","Statues were sculpted out of polystyrene , although some thrones seen in the trilogy are in fact crafted out of marble , stone and wood as they would be .","A former bank worker named Daniel Reeve was hired to write the numerous books , spines , documents , maps , diagrams and even Orc graffiti that appear in the trilogy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4382855898213964431","input":"a mere watan ke logo song in hindi written","passages":[{"title":"Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo","text":"Hindi transliteration Ae mere watan ke logon , tum khub lagaa lo naara Yeh shubh din hai hum sab kaa , lehra lo tiranga pyara Par mat bhulo seema par , viron ne hai praan gavaye Kuchh yaad unhe bhi kar lo Kuchh yaad unhe bhi kar lo Jo laut ke ghar naa aaye - ( 2 ) Ae mere watan ke logon , zara aankh me bhar lo paani , Jo shaheed huye hain unki , zara yaad karo qurbaani ( x2 ) Tum bhool naa jao unko , isliye suno ye kahaani Jo shaheed huye hain unki , zara yaad karo qurbaani Jab ghayal huwa himalaya , khatre me padi azaadi Jab tak thi saans lade woh - ( 2 ) , phir apni lash bichha di , Sangeen pe dhar kar maatha , so gaye amar balidaani Jo shaheed huye hain unki , zara yaad karo qurbaani Jab desh me thi diwali , who khel rahe the holi Jab hum baithe the gharo me - ( 2 ) , who jhel rahe the goli The dhanya jawan who aapane , thee dhanya who unaki jawani Jo shaheed huye hain unaki , zara yaad karo qurbaani Koi Sikh koi jaath maratha - 2 , koi Gurkha koyi madrasi ( x2 ) Sarhad par marnewala - 2 , har veer tha bharatvasi Jo khoon gira parvat par , who khoon tha Hindustani Jo shaheed huye hain unaki , zara yaad karo qurbaani Thi khun se lat - pat kaya , phir bhi banduk uthaake Das das ko ek ne maara , phir gir gaye hosh gawake Jab anth samay aaya toh - 2 , keh gaye ke ab marte hain Khush rehna desh ke pyaro - 2 , ab hum toh safar karte hain ( x2 ) Kya log the who diwaane , kya log the who abhimani Jo shaheed huye hain unaki , zara yaad karo qurbaani Tum bhul naa jaao unko , iss liye kahi yeh kahani Jo shaheed huye hain unaki , zara yaad karo qurbaani Jay hind , jay hind ki sena - ( 2 ) Jay hind , jay hind , jay hind English translation O people of my country ! Let us shout slogans ! This auspicious day belongs to all of us , so hoist our beloved Tiranga ! But let us not forget , that at the border , brave warriors , have lost their lives . Give a thought to them Let us also remember Those who did not return home . ( x2 ) ( O ' people of my country ! Fill your eyes with tears ! Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs ! ) ( x2 ) And lest you forget them , listen to this story : Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs ! When the Himalayas were injured and our freedom was threatened , They fought until their last breath ( x2 ) , and then they laid down their bodies . With their faces on their bayonets , the immortal martyrs went to sleep . Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs ! When our country was celebrating Diwali , they were playing Holi ( with their blood ) . While we sat safely in our homes , they were braving bullets . Blessed were those young men , blessed was their youth ! Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs ! Some were Sikh , some Jaat , and Maratha , ( x2 ) , some were Gurkhas , some Madrasi ( x2 ) ! All those who died at the front ( x2 ) , each one of them was Indian ! ( x2 ) The blood shed on the mountains , that blood was Indian . Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs ! Their bodies were drenched in blood , yet , they picked up their guns . And each killed ten , then they fell unconscious . And in their final moments ( x2 ) , they said : `` We are dying now . ( Be happy , beloved countrymen ! We 're going on our journey ! `` ) ( x2 ) How wonderful were those warriors ! How great were those people ! Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs ! And so I told you this story , for you must not forget them . Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs ! Jai Hind ! Glory to the Indian Army ! ( x2 ) Jai Hind ! ( x3 )","sentences":["Hindi transliteration Ae mere watan ke logon , tum khub lagaa lo naara Yeh shubh din hai hum sab kaa , lehra lo tiranga pyara Par mat bhulo seema par , viron ne hai praan gavaye Kuchh yaad unhe bhi kar lo Kuchh yaad unhe bhi kar lo Jo laut ke ghar naa aaye - ( 2 )","Ae mere watan ke logon , zara aankh me bhar lo paani , Jo shaheed huye hain unki ,","zara yaad karo qurbaani ( x2 )","Tum bhool naa jao unko , isliye suno ye","kahaani Jo shaheed huye hain unki ,","zara yaad karo qurbaani","Jab ghayal huwa himalaya , khatre me padi azaadi Jab tak thi saans lade woh - ( 2 ) , phir apni lash bichha di , Sangeen pe dhar kar maatha , so gaye amar balidaani Jo shaheed huye hain unki , zara yaad karo qurbaani Jab desh me thi diwali , who khel rahe","the holi Jab hum baithe the gharo me - ( 2 ) , who jhel rahe the goli The dhanya jawan who aapane , thee dhanya who unaki jawani Jo shaheed huye hain unaki ,","zara yaad karo qurbaani Koi Sikh koi jaath maratha - 2 , koi Gurkha koyi madrasi ( x2 )","Sarhad par marnewala - 2 , har veer tha bharatvasi Jo khoon gira parvat par , who khoon tha Hindustani Jo shaheed huye hain unaki ,","zara yaad karo qurbaani Thi khun se lat - pat kaya , phir bhi banduk uthaake Das das ko ek ne maara , phir gir gaye hosh gawake Jab anth samay aaya toh - 2 ,","keh gaye ke ab marte hain Khush rehna desh ke pyaro - 2 , ab hum toh safar karte hain ( x2 )","Kya log the who diwaane , kya log the who abhimani Jo shaheed huye hain unaki ,","zara yaad karo qurbaani","Tum bhul naa jaao unko , iss liye kahi yeh kahani Jo shaheed huye hain unaki , zara yaad karo qurbaani Jay hind ,","jay hind ki sena - ( 2 )","Jay hind , jay hind , jay hind English translation O people of my country !","Let us shout slogans !","This auspicious day belongs to all of us , so hoist our beloved Tiranga !","But let us not forget , that at the border , brave warriors , have lost their lives .","Give a thought to them Let us also remember Those who did not return home .","( x2 )","( O ' people of my country !","Fill your eyes with tears !","Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs ! )","( x2 )","And lest you forget them , listen to this story : Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs !","When the Himalayas were injured and our freedom was threatened , They fought until their last breath ( x2 ) , and then they laid down their bodies .","With their faces on their bayonets , the immortal martyrs went to sleep .","Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs !","When our country was celebrating Diwali , they were playing Holi ( with their blood ) .","While we sat safely in our homes , they were braving bullets .","Blessed were those young men , blessed was their youth !","Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs !","Some were Sikh , some Jaat , and Maratha , ( x2 ) , some were Gurkhas , some Madrasi ( x2 ) !","All those who died at the front ( x2 ) , each one of them was Indian !","( x2 )","The blood shed on the mountains , that blood was Indian .","Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs !","Their bodies were drenched in blood , yet , they picked up their guns .","And each killed ten , then they fell unconscious .","And in their final moments ( x2 ) , they said : `` We are dying now .","( Be happy , beloved countrymen !","We 're going on our journey !","`` ) ( x2 )","How wonderful were those warriors !","How great were those people !","Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs !","And so I told you this story , for you must not forget them .","Remember the sacrifice , of those who became martyrs !","Jai Hind !","Glory to the Indian Army !","( x2 )","Jai Hind !","( x3 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7076249053384511528","input":"who is called a grey beard loon and why","passages":[{"title":"Grey Beard","text":"He was a leader of the Hotamitaneo ( `` Dog soldier '' ) society of young warriors . He was involved in a skirmish with Edwin Vose Sumner 's troops at the Kansas River in 1857 , and gained recognition among whites in 1867 for battling soldiers under Winfield Scott Hancock and George Armstrong Custer in an attempt to prevent the building of the Kansas Pacific Railroad across tribal lands . He refused to sign the failed Medicine Lodge Treaty , and continued fighting until 1871 , when his people settled on a reservation in Indian Territory . In what is known as the Red River War , he and other chiefs began raiding settlements again in 1874 out of frustration with poaching of buffaloes . After participating in the Second Battle of Adobe Walls , Grey Beard and his followers went into hiding in what is now the Oklahoma Panhandle .","sentences":["He was a leader of the Hotamitaneo ( `` Dog soldier '' )","society of young warriors .","He was involved in a skirmish with Edwin Vose Sumner 's troops at the Kansas River in 1857 , and gained recognition among whites in 1867 for battling soldiers under Winfield Scott Hancock and George Armstrong Custer in an attempt to prevent the building of the Kansas Pacific Railroad across tribal lands .","He refused to sign the failed Medicine Lodge Treaty , and continued fighting until 1871 , when his people settled on a reservation in Indian Territory .","In what is known as the Red River War , he and other chiefs began raiding settlements again in 1874 out of frustration with poaching of buffaloes .","After participating in the Second Battle of Adobe Walls , Grey Beard and his followers went into hiding in what is now the Oklahoma Panhandle ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-904024567641712063","input":"liam neeson a walk among the tombstones trailer","passages":[{"title":"A Walk Among the Tombstones (film)","text":"Kenny brings Matt to Landau 's home , where the kidnappers call and arrange a drop . Matt , Kenny , Landau , Peter and TJ ( who earlier brought Matt his old gun ) go to the cemetery . After a stand off , Lucia is returned to her father . When Albert realizes the ransom money is counterfeit , a shootout ensues . Peter is killed and Matt wounds Ray . Albert and Ray escape in their van .","sentences":["Kenny brings Matt to Landau 's home , where the kidnappers call and arrange a drop .","Matt , Kenny , Landau , Peter and TJ ( who earlier brought Matt his old gun ) go to the cemetery .","After a stand off , Lucia is returned to her father .","When Albert realizes the ransom money is counterfeit , a shootout ensues .","Peter is killed and Matt wounds Ray .","Albert and Ray escape in their van ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2741074160908754103","input":"when was the song of the traveler written","passages":[{"title":"The Arkansas Traveler (song)","text":"Far and far away down in Arkansas , There lived a squatter with a stubborn jaw . His nose was ruby red and his whiskers gray . And he would sit and fiddle all the night and all the day . Came a traveler down the valley , asked if he could find a bed . Yes , try the road , the kindly squatter said . Then , could you point me out the way to find a tavern or an Inn ? Quite a little piece I reckon , tho I 've never been ! And , when the rain came down on the cabin floor , The squatter only fiddled all the more . Why do n't you mend your roof , said the traveler bold . How can I mend my cabin when the rain is wet and cold ? Squatter pick a sunny morning when the air is dry and nice , Patch up your cabin , that is my advice . The squatter shook his hoary head , and answered with a stubborn air , Cabin never leaks a drop when days are bright and fair !","sentences":["Far and far away down in Arkansas , There lived a squatter with a stubborn jaw .","His nose was ruby red and his whiskers gray .","And he would sit and fiddle all the night and all the day .","Came a traveler down the valley , asked if he could find a bed .","Yes , try the road , the kindly squatter said .","Then , could you point me out the way to find a tavern or an Inn ?","Quite a little piece I reckon , tho I 've never been !","And , when the rain came down on the cabin floor , The squatter only fiddled all the more .","Why do n't you mend your roof , said the traveler bold .","How can I mend my cabin when the rain is wet and cold ?","Squatter pick a sunny morning when the air is dry and nice , Patch up your cabin , that is my advice .","The squatter shook his hoary head , and answered with a stubborn air , Cabin never leaks a drop when days are bright and fair !"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6599074446811874915","input":"summary of the story the adventure of the blue carbuncle","passages":[{"title":"The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article consists almost entirely of a plot summary . It should be expanded to provide more balanced coverage that includes real - world context . Please edit the article to focus on discussing the work rather than merely reiterating the plot . ( December 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( May 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article consists almost entirely of a plot summary .","It should be expanded to provide more balanced coverage that includes real - world context .","Please edit the article to focus on discussing the work rather than merely reiterating the plot .","( December 2011 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1837054118793756351","input":"where can british citizens travel without a visa","passages":[{"title":"Visa requirements for British citizens","text":"To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel , the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals ' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel . Since 15 January 2013 , Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport , giving passengers a card instead : `` Since January 2013 a pilot scheme has been introduced whereby visitors are given an entry card instead of an entry stamp on arrival . You should keep this card with your passport until you leave . This is evidence of your legal entry into Israel and may be required , particularly at any crossing points into the Occupied Palestinian Territories . '' Passports are still ( as of 22 June 2017 ) stamped at Erez when travelling into and out of Gaza . Also , passports are still stamped ( as of 22 June 2017 ) at the Jordan Valley \/ Sheikh Hussein and Yitzhak Rabin \/ Arava land borders with Jordan .","sentences":["To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel , the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals ' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel .","Since 15 January 2013 , Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport , giving passengers a card instead : `` Since January 2013 a pilot scheme has been introduced whereby visitors are given an entry card instead of an entry stamp on arrival .","You should keep this card with your passport until you leave .","This is evidence of your legal entry into Israel and may be required , particularly at any crossing points into the Occupied Palestinian Territories . ''","Passports are still ( as of 22 June 2017 ) stamped at Erez when travelling into and out of Gaza .","Also , passports are still stamped ( as of 22 June 2017 ) at the Jordan Valley \/ Sheikh Hussein and Yitzhak Rabin \/ Arava land borders with Jordan ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1065430428386854259","input":"who led the english ships in the spanish armada","passages":[{"title":"Spanish Armada","text":"The fleet was not sighted in England until 19 July , when it appeared off The Lizard in Cornwall . The news was conveyed to London by a system of beacons that had been constructed all the way along the south coast . On that evening , the English fleet was trapped in Plymouth Harbour by the incoming tide . The Spanish convened a council of war , where it was proposed to ride into the harbour on the tide and incapacitate the defending ships at anchor and from there to attack England ; but Medina Sidonia declined to act because this had been explicitly forbidden by Philip , and decided to sail on to the east and towards the Isle of Wight . As the tide turned , 55 English ships set out to confront them from Plymouth under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham , with Sir Francis Drake as Vice Admiral . Howard ceded some control to Drake , given his experience in battle . The rear admiral was Sir John Hawkins .","sentences":["The fleet was not sighted in England until 19 July , when it appeared off The Lizard in Cornwall .","The news was conveyed to London by a system of beacons that had been constructed all the way along the south coast .","On that evening , the English fleet was trapped in Plymouth Harbour by the incoming tide .","The Spanish convened a council of war , where it was proposed to ride into the harbour on the tide and incapacitate the defending ships at anchor and from there to attack England ; but Medina Sidonia declined to act because this had been explicitly forbidden by Philip , and decided to sail on to the east and towards the Isle of Wight .","As the tide turned , 55 English ships set out to confront them from Plymouth under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham , with Sir Francis Drake as Vice Admiral .","Howard ceded some control to Drake , given his experience in battle .","The rear admiral was Sir John Hawkins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1021396342499119167","input":"who was buried in the queen vic cellar","passages":[{"title":"Den Watts","text":"In 2004 , it is revealed that Den had remarried whilst in Spain in 1999 , and his estranged wife Chrissie ( Tracy - Ann Oberman ) arrives in Walford to collect some money from him . They then continue their romantic relationship . Den however still can not remain monogamous , and when Chrissie discovers that he has been sleeping with Kate Mitchell ( Jill Halfpenny ) , she threatens to kill him if he ever cheats again . To rebuild his family , Den attempts to regain the Vic from the Mitchells just before Christmas 2004 ; he blackmails their lawyer Marcus Christie ( Stephen Churchett ) into convincing Sam that Phil , who is still on - the - run , needs immediate money . Sam sells the Vic to Den at a vastly reduced price and he reinstates his family at the pub in time for Christmas . Things go awry when Den discovers that Sharon and Dennis have resumed their affair , and in order to split them up , Den persuades Zoe to lie that she is pregnant with Dennis 's baby . Unwilling to allow Dennis to leave his unborn child , Sharon leaves Walford with Vicki leaving Dennis and Zoe unhappily together . In apparent retribution towards Dennis for inadvertently being the cause of Sharon 's departure , Den manipulates Zoe into having sex with him so she can get pregnant and pretend the baby is Dennis 's ; when Dennis catches them having sex , Den appears pleased . Chrissie","sentences":["In 2004 , it is revealed that Den had remarried whilst in Spain in 1999 , and his estranged wife Chrissie ( Tracy - Ann Oberman ) arrives in Walford to collect some money from him .","They then continue their romantic relationship .","Den however still can not remain monogamous , and when Chrissie discovers that he has been sleeping with Kate Mitchell ( Jill Halfpenny ) , she threatens to kill him if he ever cheats again .","To rebuild his family , Den attempts to regain the Vic from the Mitchells just before Christmas 2004 ; he blackmails their lawyer Marcus Christie ( Stephen Churchett ) into convincing Sam that Phil , who is still on - the - run , needs immediate money .","Sam sells the Vic to Den at a vastly reduced price and he reinstates his family at the pub in time for Christmas .","Things go awry when Den discovers that Sharon and Dennis have resumed their affair , and in order to split them up , Den persuades Zoe to lie that she is pregnant with Dennis 's baby .","Unwilling to allow Dennis to leave his unborn child , Sharon leaves Walford with Vicki leaving Dennis and Zoe unhappily together .","In apparent retribution towards Dennis for inadvertently being the cause of Sharon 's departure , Den manipulates Zoe into having sex with him so she can get pregnant and pretend the baby is Dennis 's ; when Dennis catches them having sex , Den appears pleased .","Chrissie"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4233151437283280714","input":"what was the only thing descartes was sure about","passages":[{"title":"Cogito, ergo sum","text":"There are three important notes to keep in mind here . First , he claims only the certainty of his own existence from the first - person point of view -- he has not proved the existence of other minds at this point . This is something that has to be thought through by each of us for ourselves , as we follow the course of the meditations . Second , he does not say that his existence is necessary ; he says that if he thinks , then necessarily he exists ( see the instantiation principle ) . Third , this proposition `` I am , I exist '' is held true not based on a deduction ( as mentioned above ) or on empirical induction but on the clarity and self - evidence of the proposition . Descartes does not use this first certainty , the cogito , as a foundation upon which to build further knowledge ; rather , it is the firm ground upon which he can stand as he works to discover further truths As he puts it :","sentences":["There are three important notes to keep in mind here .","First , he claims only the certainty of his own existence from the first - person point of view -- he has not proved the existence of other minds at this point .","This is something that has to be thought through by each of us for ourselves , as we follow the course of the meditations .","Second , he does not say that his existence is necessary ; he says that if he thinks , then necessarily he exists ( see the instantiation principle ) .","Third , this proposition `` I am , I exist '' is held true not based on a deduction ( as mentioned above ) or on empirical induction but on the clarity and self - evidence of the proposition .","Descartes does not use this first certainty , the cogito , as a foundation upon which to build further knowledge ; rather , it is the firm ground upon which he can stand as he works to discover further truths As he puts it :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2226797346757782635","input":"what is a description of the paleozoic era","passages":[{"title":"Paleozoic","text":"The Permian spanned from 299 to 252 million years ago and was the last period of the Paleozoic Era . At the beginning of this period , all continents joined together to form the supercontinent Pangaea , which was encircled by one ocean called Panthalassa . The land mass was very dry during this time , with harsh seasons , as the climate of the interior of Pangaea was not regulated by large bodies of water . Diapsids and synapsids flourished in the new dry climate . Creatures such as Dimetrodon and Edaphosaurus ruled the new continent . The first conifers evolved , and dominated the terrestrial landscape . Near the end of the Permian , however , Pangaea grew drier . The interior was desert , and new species such as Scutosaurus and Gorgonopsids filled it . Eventually they disappeared , along with 95 % of all life on Earth , in a cataclysm known as `` The Great Dying '' , the third and most severe mass extinction .","sentences":["The Permian spanned from 299 to 252 million years ago and was the last period of the Paleozoic Era .","At the beginning of this period , all continents joined together to form the supercontinent Pangaea , which was encircled by one ocean called Panthalassa .","The land mass was very dry during this time , with harsh seasons , as the climate of the interior of Pangaea was not regulated by large bodies of water .","Diapsids and synapsids flourished in the new dry climate .","Creatures such as Dimetrodon and Edaphosaurus ruled the new continent .","The first conifers evolved , and dominated the terrestrial landscape .","Near the end of the Permian , however , Pangaea grew drier .","The interior was desert , and new species such as Scutosaurus and Gorgonopsids filled it .","Eventually they disappeared , along with 95 % of all life on Earth , in a cataclysm known as `` The Great Dying '' , the third and most severe mass extinction ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3229117333527957226","input":"when did the infinity stones appear in comics","passages":[{"title":"Infinity Gems","text":"The Soul Stone is first seen in Avengers : Infinity War . Some time prior to Guardians of the Galaxy , Thanos tasked Gamora to find the Soul Stone , because unlike the other Infinity Stones , there is little record of its existence . Gamora found it hidden on the planet Vormir , but decided not to tell Thanos and kept the secret with Nebula . After Thanos captures and tortures Nebula , Gamora agrees to take him to Vormir , where they encounter the Red Skull , who serves as the Stonekeeper . Red Skull informs Thanos that he must sacrifice someone he loves to acquire the stone ; the latter obtains the stone after throwing Gamora off a cliff . The Soul Stone houses a world within itself , as shown when Thanos speaks to Gamora 's child - self .","sentences":["The Soul Stone is first seen in Avengers : Infinity War .","Some time prior to Guardians of the Galaxy , Thanos tasked Gamora to find the Soul Stone , because unlike the other Infinity Stones , there is little record of its existence .","Gamora found it hidden on the planet Vormir , but decided not to tell Thanos and kept the secret with Nebula .","After Thanos captures and tortures Nebula , Gamora agrees to take him to Vormir , where they encounter the Red Skull , who serves as the Stonekeeper .","Red Skull informs Thanos that he must sacrifice someone he loves to acquire the stone ; the latter obtains the stone after throwing Gamora off a cliff .","The Soul Stone houses a world within itself , as shown when Thanos speaks to Gamora 's child - self ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8672928198847511191","input":"why is everything in greece white and blue","passages":[{"title":"Oia, Greece","text":"hide Climate data for Oia , Greece Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 14 ( 57 ) 14 ( 58 ) 16 ( 61 ) 19 ( 66 ) 22 ( 72 ) 26 ( 79 ) 27 ( 81 ) 28 ( 82 ) 26 ( 78 ) 22 ( 72 ) 18 ( 65 ) 16 ( 60 ) 21 ( 69 ) Average low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 9 ( 49 ) 9 ( 49 ) 11 ( 51 ) 13 ( 55 ) 16 ( 61 ) 20 ( 68 ) 23 ( 73 ) 23 ( 73 ) 21 ( 69 ) 18 ( 64 ) 14 ( 57 ) 11 ( 52 ) 16 ( 60 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 71 ( 2.8 ) 43 ( 1.7 ) 41 ( 1.6 ) 15 ( 0.6 ) 10 ( 0.4 ) 0 ( 0 ) 0 ( 0 ) 0 ( 0 ) 50 ( 2 ) 100 ( 4 ) 200 ( 8 ) 280 ( 11 ) 810 ( 32.1 ) Source :","sentences":["hide Climate data for Oia , Greece Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high \u00b0 C","( \u00b0 F ) 14 ( 57 ) 14","( 58 ) 16 ( 61 ) 19 ( 66 ) 22","( 72 ) 26 ( 79 ) 27","( 81 ) 28 ( 82 ) 26","( 78 ) 22 ( 72 ) 18 ( 65 ) 16 ( 60 ) 21","( 69 ) Average low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 9 ( 49 ) 9","( 49 ) 11 ( 51 ) 13 ( 55 ) 16 ( 61 ) 20 ( 68 ) 23","( 73 ) 23 ( 73 ) 21 ( 69 ) 18 ( 64 ) 14 ( 57 ) 11 ( 52 ) 16 ( 60 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches )","71","( 2.8 ) 43 ( 1.7 ) 41 ( 1.6 ) 15 ( 0.6 ) 10 ( 0.4 ) 0","( 0 ) 0","( 0 ) 0","( 0 ) 50 ( 2 ) 100 ( 4 ) 200 ( 8 ) 280 ( 11 ) 810 ( 32.1 )","Source :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"277817894047406301","input":"where did the ancient israelite god yhwh live","passages":[{"title":"Yahweh","text":"Israel emerges into the historical record in the last decades of the 13th century BCE , at the very end of the Late Bronze Age when the Canaanite city - state system was ending . The milieu from which Israelite religion emerged was accordingly Canaanite . El , `` the kind , the compassionate , '' `` the creator of creatures , '' was the chief of the Canaanite gods , and he , not Yahweh , was the original `` God of Israel '' -- the word `` Israel '' is based on the name El rather than Yahweh . He lived in a tent on a mountain from whose base originated all the fresh waters of the world , with the goddess Asherah as his consort . This pair made up the top tier of the Canaanite pantheon ; the second tier was made up of their children , the `` seventy sons of Athirat '' ( a variant of the name Asherah ) . Prominent in this group was Baal , who had his home on Mount Zaphon ; over time Baal became the dominant Canaanite deity , so that El became the executive power and Baal the military power in the cosmos . Baal 's sphere was the thunderstorm with its life - giving rains , so that he was also a fertility god , although not quite the fertility god . Below the seventy second - tier gods was a third tier made up of comparatively minor craftsman and trader deities , with a fourth and final tier of divine messengers and the like . El and his sons made up the Assembly of the Gods , each member of which had a human nation under his care , and a textual variant of Deuteronomy 32 : 8 -- 9 describes El dividing the nations of the world among his sons , with Yahweh receiving Israel :","sentences":["Israel emerges into the historical record in the last decades of the 13th century BCE , at the very end of the Late Bronze Age when the Canaanite city - state system was ending .","The milieu from which Israelite religion emerged was accordingly Canaanite .","El , `` the kind , the compassionate , '' `` the creator of creatures , '' was the chief of the Canaanite gods , and he , not Yahweh , was the original `` God of Israel '' -- the word `` Israel '' is based on the name El rather than Yahweh .","He lived in a tent on a mountain from whose base originated all the fresh waters of the world , with the goddess Asherah as his consort .","This pair made up the top tier of the Canaanite pantheon ; the second tier was made up of their children , the `` seventy sons of Athirat '' ( a variant of the name Asherah ) .","Prominent in this group was Baal , who had his home on Mount Zaphon ; over time Baal became the dominant Canaanite deity , so that El became the executive power and Baal the military power in the cosmos .","Baal 's sphere was the thunderstorm with its life - giving rains , so that he was also a fertility god , although not quite the fertility god .","Below the seventy second - tier gods was a third tier made up of comparatively minor craftsman and trader deities , with a fourth and final tier of divine messengers and the like .","El and his sons made up the Assembly of the Gods , each member of which had a human nation under his care , and a textual variant of Deuteronomy 32 : 8 -- 9 describes El dividing the nations of the world among his sons , with Yahweh receiving Israel :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4220093283665356012","input":"when was the last time arsenal won something","passages":[{"title":"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966\u2013present)","text":"Arsenal 's second leg against Porto fared much better . Played at the Emirates Stadium on 9 March , Arsenal needed at least one goal and a clean sheet to advance , with the aggregate score 2 -- 1 for Porto and away aggregate 1 -- 0 for Arsenal . The match began brightly for Arsenal , as Nicklas Bendtner scored in the 10th and 25th minute , before Samir Nasri scored a fantastic goal in the 66th minute , dribbling past three defenders on the far right side touchline before scoring from an acute angle , hitting the goalkeeper 's right post and into the net . Three minutes later , Emmanuel Ebou\u00e9 scored on a counter-attack , dribbling past goalkeeper Helton before tucking the ball into an empty net . The night ended with Bendtner scoring a penalty in the 90th minute , thus giving him his first senior professional hat - trick , and Arsenal advancing to the quarter - finals of the Champions League , 6 -- 2 on aggregate . Ironically , Bendtner had missed a number of easy chances the match before Porto against Burnley . However , Arsenal managed to win 3 -- 1 in that match .","sentences":["Arsenal 's second leg against Porto fared much better .","Played at the Emirates Stadium on 9 March , Arsenal needed at least one goal and a clean sheet to advance , with the aggregate score 2 -- 1 for Porto and away aggregate 1 -- 0 for Arsenal .","The match began brightly for Arsenal , as Nicklas Bendtner scored in the 10th and 25th minute , before Samir Nasri scored a fantastic goal in the 66th minute , dribbling past three defenders on the far right side touchline before scoring from an acute angle , hitting the goalkeeper 's right post and into the net .","Three minutes later , Emmanuel Ebou\u00e9 scored on a counter-attack , dribbling past goalkeeper Helton before tucking the ball into an empty net .","The night ended with Bendtner scoring a penalty in the 90th minute , thus giving him his first senior professional hat - trick , and Arsenal advancing to the quarter - finals of the Champions League , 6 -- 2 on aggregate .","Ironically , Bendtner had missed a number of easy chances the match before Porto against Burnley .","However , Arsenal managed to win 3 -- 1 in that match ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6437992059376358205","input":"what are the qualifications of a serial killer","passages":[{"title":"Serial killer","text":"Kelleher and Kelleher ( 1998 ) created several categories to describe female serial killers . They used the classifications of black widow , angel of death , sexual predator , revenge , profit or crime , team killer , question of sanity , unexplained , and unsolved . In using these categories , they observed that most women fell into the categories of black widow or team killer . Although motivations for female serial killers can include attention seeking , addiction , or the result of psychopathological behavioral factors , female serial killers are commonly categorized as murdering men for material gain , usually being emotionally close to their victims , and generally needing to have a relationship with the victim , hence the traditional cultural image of the `` black widow . '' In describing murderer Stacey Castor , forensic psychiatrist James Knoll offered a psychological perspective on what defines a `` black widow '' type . In simple terms , he described it as a woman who kills two or more husbands or lovers for material gain . Though Castor was not officially defined as a serial killer , it is likely that she would have killed again .","sentences":["Kelleher and Kelleher ( 1998 ) created several categories to describe female serial killers .","They used the classifications of black widow , angel of death , sexual predator , revenge , profit or crime , team killer , question of sanity , unexplained , and unsolved .","In using these categories , they observed that most women fell into the categories of black widow or team killer .","Although motivations for female serial killers can include attention seeking , addiction , or the result of psychopathological behavioral factors , female serial killers are commonly categorized as murdering men for material gain , usually being emotionally close to their victims , and generally needing to have a relationship with the victim , hence the traditional cultural image of the `` black widow . ''","In describing murderer Stacey Castor , forensic psychiatrist James Knoll offered a psychological perspective on what defines a `` black widow '' type .","In simple terms , he described it as a woman who kills two or more husbands or lovers for material gain .","Though Castor was not officially defined as a serial killer , it is likely that she would have killed again ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5090158296747314222","input":"what kinds of animals live in the blue areas on a map","passages":[{"title":"Tropics","text":"When the wet season occurs during the warm season , or summer , precipitation falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours . The wet season is a time when air quality improves , freshwater quality improves and vegetation grows significantly , leading to crop yields late in the season . Floods cause rivers to overflow their banks , and some animals to retreat to higher ground . Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases . The incidence of malaria increases in areas where the rainy season coincides with high temperatures . Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime . Unfortunately , the previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season , as the crops have yet to mature .","sentences":["When the wet season occurs during the warm season , or summer , precipitation falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours .","The wet season is a time when air quality improves , freshwater quality improves and vegetation grows significantly , leading to crop yields late in the season .","Floods cause rivers to overflow their banks , and some animals to retreat to higher ground .","Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases .","The incidence of malaria increases in areas where the rainy season coincides with high temperatures .","Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime .","Unfortunately , the previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season , as the crops have yet to mature ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8209154486389759531","input":"who wrote the paper article the judicial and revenue system of india","passages":[{"title":"Cornwallis in India","text":"One consequence of the Cornwallis Code was that it , in effect , institutionalised racism in the legal system . Cornwallis , in a manner not uncommon at the time , believed that well - bred gentlemen of European extraction were superior to others , including those that were the product of mixed relationships in India . Of the latter , he wrote `` as on account of their colour & extraction they are considered in this country as inferior to Europeans , I am of opinion that those of them who possess the best abilities could not command that authority and respect which is necessary in the due discharge of the duty of an officer . '' In 1791 he issued an order that `` No person , the son of a Native Indian , shall henceforward be appointed by this Court to Employment in the Civil , Military , or Marine Service of the Company . '' Cornwallis 's biographers , the Wickwires , also observe that this institutionalisation of the British as an elite class simply added another layer on top of the complex status hierarchy of caste and religion that existed in India at the time . Cornwallis could not have formalised these policies without the ( tacit or explicit ) agreement of the company 's directors and employees .","sentences":["One consequence of the Cornwallis Code was that it , in effect , institutionalised racism in the legal system .","Cornwallis , in a manner not uncommon at the time , believed that well - bred gentlemen of European extraction were superior to others , including those that were the product of mixed relationships in India .","Of the latter , he wrote `` as on account of their colour & extraction they are considered in this country as inferior to Europeans , I am of opinion that those of them who possess the best abilities could not command that authority and respect which is necessary in the due discharge of the duty of an officer . ''","In 1791 he issued an order that `` No person , the son of a Native Indian , shall henceforward be appointed by this Court to Employment in the Civil , Military , or Marine Service of the Company . ''","Cornwallis 's biographers , the Wickwires , also observe that this institutionalisation of the British as an elite class simply added another layer on top of the complex status hierarchy of caste and religion that existed in India at the time .","Cornwallis could not have formalised these policies without the ( tacit or explicit ) agreement of the company 's directors and employees ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"404370800517926503","input":"what were the goals of urban renewal following world war ii","passages":[{"title":"Urban renewal","text":"Slum clearance began with the Rochester Buildings , on the corner of Old Pye Street and Perkin 's Rent , which were built in 1862 by the merchant William Gibbs . They are one of the earliest large - scale philanthropic housing developments in London . The Rochester Buildings were sold to the Peabody Trust in 1877 and later become known as Blocks A to D of the Old Perkin 's Rents Estate . Angela Burdett - Coutts , 1st Baroness Burdett - Coutts funded an experimental social housing estate , among the first of its kind , on the corner of Columbia Road and Old Pye Street ( now demolished ) . In 1869 the Peabody Trust built one of its first housing estates at Brewer 's Green , between Victoria Street and St. James 's Park . What remained of the Devil 's Acre on the other side of Victoria Street was cleared and further Peabody estates were built after the Cross Act of 1875 .","sentences":["Slum clearance began with the Rochester Buildings , on the corner of Old Pye Street and Perkin 's Rent , which were built in 1862 by the merchant William Gibbs .","They are one of the earliest large - scale philanthropic housing developments in London .","The Rochester Buildings were sold to the Peabody Trust in 1877 and later become known as Blocks A to D of the Old Perkin 's Rents Estate .","Angela Burdett - Coutts , 1st","Baroness Burdett - Coutts funded an experimental social housing estate , among the first of its kind , on the corner of Columbia Road and Old Pye Street ( now demolished ) .","In 1869 the Peabody Trust built one of its first housing estates at Brewer 's Green , between Victoria Street and St. James 's Park .","What remained of the Devil 's Acre on the other side of Victoria Street was cleared and further Peabody estates were built after the Cross Act of 1875 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5213408978745537822","input":"hey what's up mtv welcome to my crib","passages":[{"title":"MTV Cribs","text":"The first show aired in September 2000 . By 2005 , Cribs had featured tours of the homes of over 185 celebrities , musicians , actors , and athletes over the course of 13 seasons . The show was originally narrated by Ananda Lewis , then narrated by Su - chin Pak of MTV News . It was developed by Nina L. D\u00edaz , who has gone on to develop My Super Sweet 16 , also for MTV . A short iteration on CMT was titled CMT Cribs . The most watched and replayed episode of Cribs was a special one - hour edition touring Mariah Carey 's New York penthouse . In 2005 \/ 2006 , MTV Canada produced a series of Canadian - made Cribs episodes . A new season of Cribs , filmed in high definition , started in August 2007 with a new format , title sequences , new narrator and on - screen graphics . A ' Priciest Pads ' special was created to kick off the new season , hosted by Kimora Lee Simmons .","sentences":["The first show aired in September 2000 .","By 2005 , Cribs had featured tours of the homes of over 185 celebrities , musicians , actors , and athletes over the course of 13 seasons .","The show was originally narrated by Ananda Lewis , then narrated by Su - chin Pak of MTV News .","It was developed by Nina L. D\u00edaz , who has gone on to develop My Super Sweet 16 , also for MTV .","A short iteration on CMT was titled CMT Cribs .","The most watched and replayed episode of Cribs was a special one - hour edition touring Mariah Carey 's New York penthouse .","In 2005 \/ 2006 , MTV Canada produced a series of Canadian - made Cribs episodes .","A new season of Cribs , filmed in high definition , started in August 2007 with a new format , title sequences , new narrator and on - screen graphics .","A ' Priciest Pads ' special was created to kick off the new season , hosted by Kimora Lee Simmons ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-972913102502917966","input":"summary of the novel the girl on the train by paula hawkins","passages":[{"title":"The Girl on the Train (novel)","text":"The film rights for the novel were acquired in March 2014 by DreamWorks Pictures and Marc Platt Productions , with Jared Leboff ( a producer at Marc Platt ) set to produce . Tate Taylor , who directed The Help ( 2011 ) , was announced as the director of this film in May 2015 , with Erin Cressida Wilson as scriptwriter . In June 2015 , British actress Emily Blunt was in talks to portray Rachel . Author Hawkins said in July 2015 that the film 's setting would be moved from the UK to the US . The film began production in the New York City area in October 2015 . The film was released on 7 October 2016 . It remains mostly faithful to events in the book , apart from Rachel 's realisation of the truth of Tom 's accusations of her behaviour not being triggered by her own efforts , but through a chance meeting with the wife of Tom 's former manager , who reveals that Tom was actually fired from his job because of his numerous affairs at the office , rather than Rachel 's having a violent breakdown at a party . ( In reality , Rachel simply drank too much and passed out in a guest room , until Tom made her leave . )","sentences":["The film rights for the novel were acquired in March 2014 by DreamWorks Pictures and Marc Platt Productions , with Jared Leboff ( a producer at Marc Platt ) set to produce .","Tate Taylor , who directed The Help ( 2011 ) , was announced as the director of this film in May 2015 , with Erin Cressida Wilson as scriptwriter .","In June 2015 , British actress Emily Blunt was in talks to portray Rachel .","Author Hawkins said in July 2015 that the film 's setting would be moved from the UK to the US .","The film began production in the New York City area in October 2015 .","The film was released on 7 October 2016 .","It remains mostly faithful to events in the book , apart from Rachel 's realisation of the truth of Tom 's accusations of her behaviour not being triggered by her own efforts , but through a chance meeting with the wife of Tom 's former manager , who reveals that Tom was actually fired from his job because of his numerous affairs at the office , rather than Rachel 's having a violent breakdown at a party .","( In reality , Rachel simply drank too much and passed out in a guest room , until Tom made her leave . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9123885679619093667","input":"who plays the blue guy in thor ragnarok","passages":[{"title":"Thor: Ragnarok","text":"In January 2016 , with the film beginning pre-production , Ruffalo described it as a `` road movie '' and indicated that additional filming would take place in Sydney . Waititi stated that he was working on the script `` a little bit '' , mainly adding humor to the screenplay , with Eric Pearson joining the project . Pearson felt joining presented many challenges , as `` there were so many puzzle pieces already there , '' such as having Blanchett as Hela ( who was confirmed in the role a month later ) and including Hulk , Valkyrie , and Skurge , that `` they dumped all the puzzle pieces out in front of me and said , ' Build a puzzle ' , basically . '' He was also told not to be restrained by anything from the previous films , and from Waitti , to make the film fun and Thor `` be the coolest character . '' Alexander said in early March that she was no longer sure if she would appear in the film , due to scheduling conflicts with her television series Blindspot . Though she later indicated that this was not the case , Alexander ultimately did not appear in the film , and confirmed that this was due to scheduling conflicts with Blindspot .","sentences":["In January 2016 , with the film beginning pre-production , Ruffalo described it as a `` road movie '' and indicated that additional filming would take place in Sydney .","Waititi stated that he was working on the script `` a little bit '' , mainly adding humor to the screenplay , with Eric Pearson joining the project .","Pearson felt joining presented many challenges , as `` there were so many puzzle pieces already there , '' such as having Blanchett as Hela ( who was confirmed in the role a month later ) and including Hulk , Valkyrie , and Skurge , that `` they dumped all the puzzle pieces out in front of me and said , ' Build a puzzle ' , basically . ''","He was also told not to be restrained by anything from the previous films , and from Waitti , to make the film fun and Thor `` be the coolest character . ''","Alexander said in early March that she was no longer sure if she would appear in the film , due to scheduling conflicts with her television series Blindspot .","Though she later indicated that this was not the case , Alexander ultimately did not appear in the film , and confirmed that this was due to scheduling conflicts with Blindspot ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6068268882953233220","input":"what happened to the third member of love and theft","passages":[{"title":"Love and Theft (duo)","text":"Love and Theft became a duo in 2011 when founding member Brian Bandas left the band . The remaining two members then signed with RCA Nashville in 2011 . `` Angel Eyes '' was digitally released on November 8 , 2011 and released to radio six days later . In August 2012 , `` Angel Eyes '' became Love and Theft 's first Number One single on the Hot Country Songs chart . It was the lead single from their self - titled album , which was released via RCA on July 24 , 2012 . The album 's second and third singles , `` Runnin ' Out of Air and `` If You Ever Get Lonely , '' were both minor Top 40 hits on the Billboard Country Airplay charts .","sentences":["Love and Theft became a duo in 2011 when founding member Brian Bandas left the band .","The remaining two members then signed with RCA Nashville in 2011 .","`` Angel Eyes '' was digitally released on November 8 , 2011 and released to radio six days later .","In August 2012 , `` Angel Eyes '' became Love and Theft 's first Number One single on the Hot Country Songs chart .","It was the lead single from their self - titled album , which was released via RCA on July 24 , 2012 .","The album 's second and third singles , `` Runnin ' Out of Air and `` If You Ever Get Lonely , '' were both minor Top 40 hits on the Billboard Country Airplay charts ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7134541337318458700","input":"dr quinn medicine woman season 7 full episodes","passages":[{"title":"List of Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman episodes","text":"Colleen has just graduated from college and is at Grace 's cafe celebrating with her friends and family . She opens a letter from the Woman 's Medical College of Pennsylvania at the cafe and finds that she has been accepted and needs to be there in 3 weeks to start matriculation . Meanwhile , Jake wants to sell his half of the Golden Nugget to help pay off Theresa 's mortgage , and after getting a low offer from Hank , takes the best offer from Preston . Andrew proposes to Colleen and she accepts . Andrew plans on quitting the practice at the hotel and moving to Pennsylvania to open his own practice while Colleen is in school . Preston gets a letter and begins behaving strangely -- closes the bank during business hours , and not reacting to Andrew 's quitting the practice at the hotel . When he sells Hank the share of the saloon he just bought from Jake and calls in Dorothy 's loan for the Gazette , we learn that he is trying to liquidate his assets . Michaela asks Colleen if she will wear her wedding dress and Colleen asks Michaela to be her Matron of Honor as well as Sully to walk her down the aisle ( instead of her biological father ) . Andrew asks Matthew to be his best man . Horace receives the Denver paper which reports the stock market crash . Hordes of townsfolk gather outside the bank demanding their money while Preston is cooped up inside . It turns out that Preston has invested the money in the bank in stocks and therefore does not have the money to give to return to the bank clientele .","sentences":["Colleen has just graduated from college and is at Grace 's cafe celebrating with her friends and family .","She opens a letter from the Woman 's Medical College of Pennsylvania at the cafe and finds that she has been accepted and needs to be there in 3 weeks to start matriculation .","Meanwhile , Jake wants to sell his half of the Golden Nugget to help pay off Theresa 's mortgage , and after getting a low offer from Hank , takes the best offer from Preston .","Andrew proposes to Colleen and she accepts .","Andrew plans on quitting the practice at the hotel and moving to Pennsylvania to open his own practice while Colleen is in school .","Preston gets a letter and begins behaving strangely -- closes the bank during business hours , and not reacting to Andrew 's quitting the practice at the hotel .","When he sells Hank the share of the saloon he just bought from Jake and calls in Dorothy 's loan for the Gazette , we learn that he is trying to liquidate his assets .","Michaela asks Colleen if she will wear her wedding dress and Colleen asks Michaela to be her Matron of Honor as well as Sully to walk her down the aisle ( instead of her biological father ) .","Andrew asks Matthew to be his best man .","Horace receives the Denver paper which reports the stock market crash .","Hordes of townsfolk gather outside the bank demanding their money while Preston is cooped up inside .","It turns out that Preston has invested the money in the bank in stocks and therefore does not have the money to give to return to the bank clientele ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1419373551873009291","input":"where does the name boxer dog come from","passages":[{"title":"Boxer (dog)","text":"Meta von der Passage played the most important role of the five original ancestors . Our great line of sires all trace directly back to this female . She was a substantially built , low to the ground , brindle and white parti - color , lacking in underjaw and exceedingly lippy . As a producing female few in any breed can match her record . She consistently whelped puppies of marvelous type and rare quality . Those of her offspring sired by Flock St. Salvator and Wotan dominate all present - day pedigrees . Combined with Wotan and Mirzl children , they made the Boxer .","sentences":["Meta von der Passage played the most important role of the five original ancestors .","Our great line of sires all trace directly back to this female .","She was a substantially built , low to the ground , brindle and white parti - color , lacking in underjaw and exceedingly lippy .","As a producing female few in any breed can match her record .","She consistently whelped puppies of marvelous type and rare quality .","Those of her offspring sired by Flock St. Salvator and Wotan dominate all present - day pedigrees .","Combined with Wotan and Mirzl children , they made the Boxer ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1123839142572106457","input":"where did the front bottoms get their name","passages":[{"title":"The Front Bottoms","text":"On March 7 , 2016 , The Front Bottoms released a new song titled `` Noodle Monster '' on the Fueled By Ramen YouTube Channel . The band performed at Coachella , Austin City Limits , Panorama & Shaky Knees in 2016 . On June 26 , 2016 , Pitchfork released a music video for the song `` Ginger '' from the album Back on Top . The video was directed by Marlon Brandope and shot in Cranston , Rhode Island . In November 2016 , The Front Bottoms went on their UK \/ EU tour with support from `` Apologies , I Have None '' and `` Gnarwolves '' . The band toured with Blink 182 & Frank Turner across the UK during the Summer of 2017 .","sentences":["On March 7 , 2016 , The Front Bottoms released a new song titled `` Noodle Monster '' on the Fueled By Ramen YouTube Channel .","The band performed at Coachella , Austin City Limits , Panorama & Shaky Knees in 2016 .","On June 26 , 2016 , Pitchfork released a music video for the song `` Ginger '' from the album Back on Top .","The video was directed by Marlon Brandope and shot in Cranston , Rhode Island .","In November 2016 , The Front Bottoms went on their UK \/ EU tour with support from `` Apologies , I Have None '' and `` Gnarwolves '' .","The band toured with Blink 182 & Frank Turner across the UK during the Summer of 2017 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6946175489956130837","input":"where did they film john tucker must die","passages":[{"title":"John Tucker Must Die","text":"Heather , Beth , and Carrie defend her after a guest throws his drink at Kate . Still , John Tucker becomes unfazed , and the party devolves into a cake fight . A few days later , John and Kate agree to be friends , and John resolves to be honest . Scott , happy that Kate confessed , becomes her lab partner again , and it is hinted the two will begin dating . Kate is now good friends with Beth , Carrie , and Heather . Kate finishes saying , `` as for the girl who made John Tucker fall in love , well , she 's a legend '' . After the credits , Kate warns viewers at home wanting to try this that destroying a man has consequences , and the camera pans to several male teachers bending over to grab some papers , all wearing thongs .","sentences":["Heather , Beth , and Carrie defend her after a guest throws his drink at Kate .","Still , John Tucker becomes unfazed , and the party devolves into a cake fight .","A few days later , John and Kate agree to be friends , and John resolves to be honest .","Scott , happy that Kate confessed , becomes her lab partner again , and it is hinted the two will begin dating .","Kate is now good friends with Beth , Carrie , and Heather .","Kate finishes saying , `` as for the girl who made John Tucker fall in love , well , she 's a legend '' .","After the credits , Kate warns viewers at home wanting to try this that destroying a man has consequences , and the camera pans to several male teachers bending over to grab some papers , all wearing thongs ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8045180216267994853","input":"how many american soldiers died in iraq since 2001","passages":[{"title":"Casualties of the Iraq War","text":"2011 41st Baghdad \u2021 3rd Pan-Iraq Karbala - Baghdad 42nd Baghdad Tikrit 3rd Al Hillah 3rd Samarra Al Diwaniyah Taji 4th Pan-Iraq 43rd Baghdad 4th Karbala 44th Baghdad 2nd Basra 45th Baghdad","sentences":["2011 41st Baghdad \u2021","3rd Pan-Iraq Karbala - Baghdad 42nd","Baghdad Tikrit 3rd Al Hillah 3rd Samarra Al Diwaniyah","Taji 4th Pan-Iraq 43rd","Baghdad 4th Karbala 44th Baghdad 2nd","Basra 45th Baghdad"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5164423806957440849","input":"what does it mean for a distribution to be normal","passages":[{"title":"Normal distribution","text":"( y \u2212 x ) \u2032 A ( y \u2212 x ) + ( x \u2212 z ) \u2032 B ( x \u2212 z ) = ( x \u2212 c ) \u2032 ( A + B ) ( x \u2212 c ) + ( y \u2212 z ) \u2032 ( A \u2212 1 + B \u2212 1 ) \u2212 1 ( y \u2212 z ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ begin ( aligned ) & ( \\ mathbf ( y ) - \\ mathbf ( x ) ) ' \\ mathbf ( A ) ( \\ mathbf ( y ) - \\ mathbf ( x ) ) + ( \\ mathbf ( x ) - \\ mathbf ( z ) ) ' \\ mathbf ( B ) ( \\ mathbf ( x ) - \\ mathbf ( z ) ) \\ \\ = ( ) & ( \\ mathbf ( x ) - \\ mathbf ( c ) ) ' ( \\ mathbf ( A ) + \\ mathbf ( B ) ) ( \\ mathbf ( x ) - \\ mathbf ( c ) ) + ( \\ mathbf ( y ) - \\ mathbf ( z ) ) ' ( \\ mathbf ( A ) ^ ( - 1 ) + \\ mathbf ( B ) ^ ( - 1 ) ) ^ ( - 1 ) ( \\ mathbf ( y ) - \\ mathbf ( z ) ) \\ end ( aligned ) ) )","sentences":["( y \u2212 x ) \u2032","A ( y \u2212 x ) +","( x \u2212 z ) \u2032 B ( x \u2212 z ) =","( x \u2212 c )","\u2032","( A + B ) ( x \u2212 c )","+ ( y \u2212 z )","\u2032","( A \u2212 1 + B \u2212 1 )","\u2212 1 ( y \u2212 z ) ( \\ displaystyle ( \\ begin ( aligned ) & ( \\ mathbf ( y ) - \\ mathbf ( x ) ) '","\\ mathbf ( A ) ( \\ mathbf ( y ) - \\ mathbf ( x ) )","+ ( \\ mathbf ( x ) - \\ mathbf ( z ) ) '","\\ mathbf ( B ) ( \\ mathbf ( x ) - \\ mathbf ( z ) )","\\ \\ = ( ) & ( \\ mathbf ( x ) - \\ mathbf ( c ) ) '","( \\ mathbf ( A ) + \\ mathbf ( B ) )","( \\ mathbf ( x ) - \\ mathbf ( c ) )","+ ( \\ mathbf ( y ) - \\ mathbf ( z ) ) '","( \\ mathbf ( A ) ^ ( - 1 )","+ \\ mathbf ( B ) ^","( - 1 ) )","^ ( - 1 ) ( \\ mathbf ( y ) - \\ mathbf ( z ) )","\\ end ( aligned ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5904528753594531261","input":"summary of martin luther king letter from birmingham jail","passages":[{"title":"Letter from Birmingham Jail","text":"King began the letter by responding to the criticism that he and his fellow activists were `` outsiders '' causing trouble in the streets of Birmingham . To this , King referred to his responsibility as the leader of the SCLC , which had numerous affiliated organizations throughout the South . `` I was invited '' by our Birmingham affiliate `` because injustice is here '' , in what is probably the most racially divided city in the country , with its brutal police , unjust courts , and many `` unsolved bombings of Negro homes and churches . '' Referring to his belief that all communities and states were interrelated , King wrote , `` Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere . We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality , tied in a single garment of destiny . Whatever affects one directly , affects all indirectly ... Anyone who lives inside the United States can never be considered an outsider anywhere within its bounds . '' King also warned that if white people successfully rejected his nonviolent activists as rabble - rousing outside agitators , this could encourage millions of African Americans to `` seek solace and security in black nationalist ideologies , a development that will lead inevitably to a frightening racial nightmare . ''","sentences":["King began the letter by responding to the criticism that he and his fellow activists were `` outsiders '' causing trouble in the streets of Birmingham .","To this , King referred to his responsibility as the leader of the SCLC , which had numerous affiliated organizations throughout the South .","`` I was invited '' by our Birmingham affiliate `` because injustice is here '' , in what is probably the most racially divided city in the country , with its brutal police , unjust courts , and many `` unsolved bombings of Negro homes and churches . ''","Referring to his belief that all communities and states were interrelated , King wrote , `` Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere .","We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality , tied in a single garment of destiny .","Whatever affects one directly , affects all indirectly ...","Anyone who lives inside the United States can never be considered an outsider anywhere within its bounds . ''","King also warned that if white people successfully rejected his nonviolent activists as rabble - rousing outside agitators , this could encourage millions of African Americans to `` seek solace and security in black nationalist ideologies , a development that will lead inevitably to a frightening racial nightmare . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2403662588829235030","input":"where are you going where have you been short film","passages":[{"title":"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?","text":"The main character of Oates ' story is Connie , a beautiful , self - absorbed 15 - year - old girl , who is at odds with her mother -- once a beauty herself -- and with her dutiful , `` steady '' , and homely older sister . Without her parents ' knowledge , she spends most of her evenings picking up boys at a Big Boy restaurant , and one evening captures the attention of a stranger in a gold convertible covered with cryptic writing . While her parents are away at her aunt 's barbecue , two men pull up in front of Connie 's house and call her out . She recognizes the driver , Arnold Friend , as the man from the drive - in restaurant , and is initially charmed by the smooth - talking , charismatic stranger . He tells Connie he is 18 and has come to take her for a ride in his car with his sidekick Ellie . Connie slowly realizes that he is actually much older , and grows afraid . When she refuses to go with them , Friend becomes more forceful and threatening , saying that he will harm her family , while at the same time appealing to her vanity , saying that she is too good for them . Connie is compelled to leave with him and do what he demands of her .","sentences":["The main character of Oates ' story is Connie , a beautiful , self - absorbed 15 - year - old girl , who is at odds with her mother -- once a beauty herself -- and with her dutiful , `` steady '' , and homely older sister .","Without her parents ' knowledge , she spends most of her evenings picking up boys at a Big Boy restaurant , and one evening captures the attention of a stranger in a gold convertible covered with cryptic writing .","While her parents are away at her aunt 's barbecue , two men pull up in front of Connie 's house and call her out .","She recognizes the driver , Arnold Friend , as the man from the drive - in restaurant , and is initially charmed by the smooth - talking , charismatic stranger .","He tells Connie he is 18 and has come to take her for a ride in his car with his sidekick Ellie .","Connie slowly realizes that he is actually much older , and grows afraid .","When she refuses to go with them , Friend becomes more forceful and threatening , saying that he will harm her family , while at the same time appealing to her vanity , saying that she is too good for them .","Connie is compelled to leave with him and do what he demands of her ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8100558789013380278","input":"where is god first called father in the bible","passages":[{"title":"God the Father","text":"Part of a series on Christianity Jesus Christ ( show ) Jesus in Christianity Son of God Virgin birth Ministry Crucifixion Resurrection Bible Foundations ( show ) Old Testament New Testament Gospel Canon Books Church Creed New Covenant Theology ( show ) God Trinity Father Son Holy Spirit Apologetics Baptism Christology History of theology Mission Patriology Pneumatology Salvation History Tradition ( show ) Mary Apostles Peter Paul Fathers Early Christianity Constantine Councils Augustine East -- West Schism Crusades Aquinas Luther Reformation Radical Reformation Related topics ( show ) Art Holidays ( list ) Criticism Culture Ecumenism Liturgy Music Other religions Prayer Sermon Symbolism Denominations Groups ( show ) Western Adventist Anabaptist Anglican Baptist Calvinist Catholic Charismatic Evangelical Lutheran Methodist Pentecostal Protestant Eastern Eastern Orthodox Oriental Orthodox Assyrian Nontrinitarian Jehovah 's Witness Latter Day Saint Oneness Pentecostal Christianity portal","sentences":["Part of a series on Christianity Jesus Christ ( show )","Jesus in Christianity Son of God Virgin birth Ministry Crucifixion Resurrection Bible Foundations ( show )","Old Testament New Testament Gospel Canon Books Church Creed New Covenant Theology ( show )","God Trinity Father Son Holy Spirit Apologetics Baptism Christology History of theology Mission Patriology Pneumatology Salvation History Tradition ( show )","Mary Apostles Peter Paul Fathers Early Christianity Constantine Councils Augustine East -- West Schism Crusades Aquinas Luther Reformation Radical Reformation Related topics ( show )","Art Holidays ( list ) Criticism Culture Ecumenism Liturgy Music Other religions Prayer Sermon Symbolism Denominations Groups ( show )","Western Adventist Anabaptist Anglican Baptist Calvinist Catholic Charismatic Evangelical Lutheran Methodist Pentecostal Protestant Eastern Eastern Orthodox Oriental Orthodox Assyrian Nontrinitarian Jehovah 's Witness Latter Day","Saint Oneness Pentecostal Christianity portal"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3186517798025443700","input":"what were the original ideals of the french revolution","passages":[{"title":"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen","text":"Women , in particular , were strong passive citizens who played a significant role in the Revolution . Olympe de Gouges penned her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen in 1791 and drew attention to the need for gender equality . By supporting the ideals of the French Revolution and wishing to expand them to women , she represented herself as a revolutionary citizen . Madame Roland also established herself as an influential figure throughout the Revolution . She saw women of the French Revolution as holding three roles ; `` inciting revolutionary action , formulating policy , and informing others of revolutionary events . '' By working with men , as opposed to working separate from men , she may have been able to further the fight of revolutionary women . As players in the French Revolution , women occupied a significant role in the civic sphere by forming social movements and participating in popular clubs , allowing them societal influence , despite their lack of direct political influence .","sentences":["Women , in particular , were strong passive citizens who played a significant role in the Revolution .","Olympe de Gouges penned her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen in 1791 and drew attention to the need for gender equality .","By supporting the ideals of the French Revolution and wishing to expand them to women , she represented herself as a revolutionary citizen .","Madame Roland also established herself as an influential figure throughout the Revolution .","She saw women of the French Revolution as holding three roles ; `` inciting revolutionary action , formulating policy , and informing others of revolutionary events . ''","By working with men , as opposed to working separate from men , she may have been able to further the fight of revolutionary women .","As players in the French Revolution , women occupied a significant role in the civic sphere by forming social movements and participating in popular clubs , allowing them societal influence , despite their lack of direct political influence ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1250631433363204872","input":"where do hamsters and guinea pigs come from","passages":[{"title":"Guinea pig","text":"Guinea pigs can learn complex paths to food , and can accurately remember a learned path for months . Their strongest problem - solving strategy is motion . While guinea pigs can jump small obstacles , most of them are poor climbers , and are not particularly agile . They startle extremely easily , and either freeze in place for long periods or run for cover with rapid , darting motions when they sense danger . Larger groups of startled guinea pigs `` stampede '' , running in haphazard directions as a means of confusing predators . When excited , guinea pigs may repeatedly perform little hops in the air ( known as `` popcorning '' ) , a movement analogous to the ferret 's war dance . They are also very good swimmers . Guinea","sentences":["Guinea pigs can learn complex paths to food , and can accurately remember a learned path for months .","Their strongest problem - solving strategy is motion .","While guinea pigs can jump small obstacles , most of them are poor climbers , and are not particularly agile .","They startle extremely easily , and either freeze in place for long periods or run for cover with rapid , darting motions when they sense danger .","Larger groups of startled guinea pigs `` stampede '' , running in haphazard directions as a means of confusing predators .","When excited , guinea pigs may repeatedly perform little hops in the air ( known as `` popcorning '' ) , a movement analogous to the ferret 's war dance .","They are also very good swimmers .","Guinea"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4888919178015761819","input":"who are two female directors who have made a name for themselves in the philippine film industry","passages":[{"title":"Cinema of the Philippines","text":"The rise of bomba films was attributed to the fact that movies tackled more adult , realistic themes . The ideal of a `` true Filipino '' was introduced . These films also brought in a new audience for Philippine film ; the usual filmgoers , the teenagers who saw the films as `` hip , '' and the youth , who used these films as a means for their own sexual awakenings , the educated , collegiate , and the working - class crowd . On another side , the larger audience of these films were the male devotees , who came to see the sex scenes and left as soon as the last one finished airing . Some films from this era include Ang Saging ni Pacing , Dayukdok ( Dir . Luis San Juan ; the movie was only approved by the board upon being renamed to Ang Magsasaing ni Pacing ) , Ang Batuta ni Drakula ( Dir . Luis San Juan ) , Gutom ( Dir . Danny Zialcita ) , Sabik ( Dir . Angelito de Guzman ) , Laman sa Laman ( Dirs . Lauro Pacheco , Jose Sibal ) , and Hayok ( Dir . Ruben Abalos ) among many other titles .","sentences":["The rise of bomba films was attributed to the fact that movies tackled more adult , realistic themes .","The ideal of a `` true Filipino '' was introduced .","These films also brought in a new audience for Philippine film ; the usual filmgoers , the teenagers who saw the films as `` hip , '' and the youth , who used these films as a means for their own sexual awakenings , the educated , collegiate , and the working - class crowd .","On another side , the larger audience of these films were the male devotees , who came to see the sex scenes and left as soon as the last one finished airing .","Some films from this era include Ang Saging ni Pacing , Dayukdok ( Dir .","Luis San Juan ; the movie was only approved by the board upon being renamed to Ang Magsasaing ni Pacing ) , Ang Batuta ni Drakula ( Dir .","Luis San Juan ) , Gutom ( Dir .","Danny Zialcita ) , Sabik ( Dir .","Angelito de Guzman ) , Laman sa Laman ( Dirs .","Lauro Pacheco , Jose Sibal ) , and Hayok ( Dir .","Ruben Abalos ) among many other titles ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5527135573457942409","input":"how did the english bill of rights affect democracy","passages":[{"title":"Jeffersonian democracy","text":"While the Federalists advocated for a strong central government , Jeffersonians argued for strong state and local governments and a weak federal government . Self - sufficiency , self - government , and individual responsibility , were , in the Jeffersonian worldview , among the most important ideals that formed the basis of the American Revolution . In Jefferson 's opinion , nothing that could feasibly be accomplished by individuals at the local level ought to be accomplished by the federal government . The federal government would concentrate its efforts solely on national and international projects . Jefferson 's advocacy of limited government led to sharp disagreements with Federalist figures such as Alexander Hamilton . Jefferson felt that Hamilton favored plutocracy and the creation of a powerful aristocracy in the United States which would accumulate increasingly greater power until the political and social order of the United States became indistinguishable from those of the Old World .","sentences":["While the Federalists advocated for a strong central government , Jeffersonians argued for strong state and local governments and a weak federal government .","Self - sufficiency , self - government , and individual responsibility , were , in the Jeffersonian worldview , among the most important ideals that formed the basis of the American Revolution .","In Jefferson 's opinion , nothing that could feasibly be accomplished by individuals at the local level ought to be accomplished by the federal government .","The federal government would concentrate its efforts solely on national and international projects .","Jefferson 's advocacy of limited government led to sharp disagreements with Federalist figures such as Alexander Hamilton .","Jefferson felt that Hamilton favored plutocracy and the creation of a powerful aristocracy in the United States which would accumulate increasingly greater power until the political and social order of the United States became indistinguishable from those of the Old World ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4709615658964020362","input":"which came first street fighter or mortal kombat","passages":[{"title":"Mortal Kombat","text":"In 2010 , director Kevin Tancharoen released an eight - minute Mortal Kombat short film titled Mortal Kombat : Rebirth , made as a proof of concept for Tancharoen 's pitch of a reboot movie franchise to Warner Brothers . Tancharoen later confirmed that while the short is entirely unofficial , it does feature the writing of Oren Uziel , who was rumored to be writing the screenplay for the third Mortal Kombat movie . In 2011 , New Line Cinema and Warner Bros. announced that Tancharoen has signed on to direct the reboot from a screenplay written by Uziel . In October 2013 , however , Tancharoen left the project to pursue `` other creative opportunities '' . In 2015 , James Wan signed - on to produce the reboot film ; Wan said he would not rush it . In 2016 , Simon McQuoid was reported to be in talks to direct the reboot . Literature","sentences":["In 2010 , director Kevin Tancharoen released an eight - minute Mortal Kombat short film titled Mortal Kombat : Rebirth , made as a proof of concept for Tancharoen 's pitch of a reboot movie franchise to Warner Brothers .","Tancharoen later confirmed that while the short is entirely unofficial , it does feature the writing of Oren Uziel , who was rumored to be writing the screenplay for the third Mortal Kombat movie .","In 2011 , New Line Cinema and Warner Bros. announced that Tancharoen has signed on to direct the reboot from a screenplay written by Uziel .","In October 2013 , however , Tancharoen left the project to pursue `` other creative opportunities '' .","In 2015 , James Wan signed - on to produce the reboot film ; Wan said he would not rush it .","In 2016 , Simon McQuoid was reported to be in talks to direct the reboot .","Literature"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8202344841271418400","input":"where is the law saying i have to pay taxes","passages":[{"title":"Tax protester statutory arguments","text":"In Flora , the Court used the word `` voluntary '' in opposition to the word `` distraint . '' Distraint is a legal term used in various contexts . For example , distraint is used to refer to the act of a landlord who withholds property of the tenant already in the landlord 's possession to secure payment of past due rent . The property `` held for ransom , '' in a sense , is said to be `` distrained , '' or `` distressed . '' The key connotation of the word `` distraint '' is that there is often a taking of possession or withholding of property to induce a debtor to pay an obligation . Once the debt is paid , the property is released .","sentences":["In Flora , the Court used the word `` voluntary '' in opposition to the word `` distraint . ''","Distraint is a legal term used in various contexts .","For example , distraint is used to refer to the act of a landlord who withholds property of the tenant already in the landlord 's possession to secure payment of past due rent .","The property `` held for ransom , '' in a sense , is said to be `` distrained , '' or `` distressed . ''","The key connotation of the word `` distraint '' is that there is often a taking of possession or withholding of property to induce a debtor to pay an obligation .","Once the debt is paid , the property is released ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"724381903396379768","input":"when was the first aboriginal dot art made","passages":[{"title":"Indigenous Australian art","text":"painting for a lemon ( car ) : `` Artists have come to me and pulled out photos of cars with mobile phone numbers on the back . They 're asked to paint 10 - 15 canvasses in exchange for a car . When the ' Toyotas ' materialise , they often arrive with a flat tyre , no spares , no jack , no fuel . '' ( Coslovich 2003 ) preying on a sick artist : `` Even coming to town for medical treatment , such as dialysis , can make an artist easy prey for dealers wanting to make a quick profit who congregate in Alice Springs '' ( op. cit . ) pursuing a famous artist : `` The late ( great ) Emily Kngwarreye ... was relentlessly pursued by carpetbaggers towards the end of her career and produced a large but inconsistent body of work . '' According to Sotheby 's `` We take about one in every 20 paintings of hers , and with those we look for provenance we can be 100 % sure of . '' ( op. cit . )","sentences":["painting for a lemon ( car ) : `` Artists have come to me and pulled out photos of cars with mobile phone numbers on the back .","They 're asked to paint 10 - 15 canvasses in exchange for a car .","When the ' Toyotas ' materialise , they often arrive with a flat tyre , no spares , no jack , no fuel . ''","( Coslovich 2003 )","preying on a sick artist : `` Even coming to town for medical treatment , such as dialysis , can make an artist easy prey for dealers wanting to make a quick profit who congregate in Alice Springs '' ( op. cit . )","pursuing a famous artist : `` The late ( great ) Emily Kngwarreye ... was relentlessly pursued by carpetbaggers towards the end of her career and produced a large but inconsistent body of work . ''","According to Sotheby 's `` We take about one in every 20 paintings of hers , and with those we look for provenance we can be 100 % sure of . ''","( op. cit . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9062718185897279879","input":"when does the new grand prix season start","passages":[{"title":"2018 Formula One World Championship","text":"Key Colour Result Gold Winner Silver 2nd place Bronze 3rd place Green Other points position Blue Other classified position Not classified , finished ( NC ) Purple Not classified , retired ( Ret ) Red Did not qualify ( DNQ ) Did not pre-qualify ( DNPQ ) Black Disqualified ( DSQ ) White Did not start ( DNS ) Race cancelled ( C ) Blank Did not practice ( DNP ) Excluded ( EX ) Did not arrive ( DNA ) Withdrawn ( WD )","sentences":["Key Colour Result Gold Winner Silver 2nd place Bronze 3rd place Green Other points position Blue Other classified position Not classified , finished ( NC )","Purple Not classified , retired ( Ret ) Red Did not qualify ( DNQ ) Did not pre-qualify ( DNPQ )","Black Disqualified ( DSQ ) White Did not start ( DNS )","Race cancelled ( C )","Blank Did not practice ( DNP ) Excluded ( EX ) Did not arrive ( DNA )","Withdrawn ( WD )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8316680694947768273","input":"when did tyrannosaurus rex rule as apex predator","passages":[{"title":"Tyrannosaurus","text":"Tyrannosaurs had large olfactory bulbs and olfactory nerves ( relative to their brain size ) . These suggest a highly developed sense of smell which could sniff out carcasses over great distances , as modern vultures do . Research on the olfactory bulbs of dinosaurs has shown that Tyrannosaurus had the most highly developed sense of smell of 21 sampled dinosaurs . Opponents of the pure scavenger hypothesis have used the example of vultures in the opposite way , arguing that the scavenger hypothesis is implausible because the only modern pure scavengers are large gliding birds , which use their keen senses and energy - efficient gliding to cover vast areas economically . Researchers from Glasgow concluded that an ecosystem as productive as the current Serengeti would provide sufficient carrion for a large theropod scavenger , although the theropod might have had to be cold - blooded in order to get more calories from carrion than it spent on foraging ( see Metabolism of dinosaurs ) . They also suggested that modern ecosystems like the Serengeti have no large terrestrial scavengers because gliding birds now do the job much more efficiently , while large theropods did not face competition for the scavenger ecological niche from gliding birds .","sentences":["Tyrannosaurs had large olfactory bulbs and olfactory nerves ( relative to their brain size ) .","These suggest a highly developed sense of smell which could sniff out carcasses over great distances , as modern vultures do .","Research on the olfactory bulbs of dinosaurs has shown that Tyrannosaurus had the most highly developed sense of smell of 21 sampled dinosaurs .","Opponents of the pure scavenger hypothesis have used the example of vultures in the opposite way , arguing that the scavenger hypothesis is implausible because the only modern pure scavengers are large gliding birds , which use their keen senses and energy - efficient gliding to cover vast areas economically .","Researchers from Glasgow concluded that an ecosystem as productive as the current Serengeti would provide sufficient carrion for a large theropod scavenger , although the theropod might have had to be cold - blooded in order to get more calories from carrion than it spent on foraging ( see Metabolism of dinosaurs ) .","They also suggested that modern ecosystems like the Serengeti have no large terrestrial scavengers because gliding birds now do the job much more efficiently , while large theropods did not face competition for the scavenger ecological niche from gliding birds ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2713479978051274717","input":"who amongst the following has called the napoleon of india","passages":[{"title":"Napoleon","text":"Napoleon turned his focus to domestic affairs after the war . Empress Jos\u00e9phine had still not given birth to a child from Napoleon , who became worried about the future of his empire following his death . Desperate for a legitimate heir , Napoleon divorced Jos\u00e9phine on 10 January 1810 and started looking for a new wife . Hoping to cement the recent alliance with Austria through a family connection , Napoleon married the Archduchess Marie Louise , who was 18 years old at the time . On 20 March 1811 , Marie Louise gave birth to a baby boy , whom Napoleon made heir apparent and bestowed the title of King of Rome . His son never actually ruled the empire , but historians still refer to him as Napoleon II . Invasion","sentences":["Napoleon turned his focus to domestic affairs after the war .","Empress Jos\u00e9phine had still not given birth to a child from Napoleon , who became worried about the future of his empire following his death .","Desperate for a legitimate heir , Napoleon divorced Jos\u00e9phine on 10 January 1810 and started looking for a new wife .","Hoping to cement the recent alliance with Austria through a family connection , Napoleon married the Archduchess Marie Louise , who was 18 years old at the time .","On 20 March 1811 , Marie Louise gave birth to a baby boy , whom Napoleon made heir apparent and bestowed the title of King of Rome .","His son never actually ruled the empire , but historians still refer to him as Napoleon II .","Invasion"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6201428106797111806","input":"where are the most taste buds located on tongue","passages":[{"title":"Taste bud","text":"Taste buds Semidiagrammatic view of a portion of the mucous membrane of the tongue . Two fungiform papill\u00e6 are shown . On some of the filiform papill\u00e6 the epithelial prolongations stand erect in one they are spread out , and in three they are folded in . Details Identifiers Latin caliculus gustatererius MeSH A03. 556.500. 885.779 Code TH H3. 04.01. 0.02116 TH H3. 04.01. 0.03013 TA A15. 4.00. 002 TH H3. 04.01. 0.02116 , H3. 04.01. 0.03013 FMA 54825 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata )","sentences":["Taste buds Semidiagrammatic view of a portion of the mucous membrane of the tongue .","Two fungiform papill\u00e6 are shown .","On some of the filiform papill\u00e6 the epithelial prolongations stand erect in one they are spread out , and in three they are folded in .","Details Identifiers Latin caliculus gustatererius MeSH A03.","556.500.","885.779 Code TH H3.","04.01.","0.02116 TH H3.","04.01.","0.03013 TA A15.","4.00. 002 TH H3.","04.01.","0.02116 , H3. 04.01.","0.03013 FMA 54825 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5265750466022422027","input":"where does the energy emitted by agn and quasars come from","passages":[{"title":"Quasar","text":"Various explanations were proposed over time . It was suggested , for example , that the redshift of quasars was not due to the expansion of space but rather to light escaping a deep gravitational well . However a star of sufficient mass to form such a well would be unstable and in excess of the Hayashi limit . Quasars also show forbidden spectral emission lines which were previously only seen in hot gaseous nebulae of low density , which would be too diffuse to both generate the observed power and fit within a deep gravitational well . There were also serious concerns regarding the idea of cosmologically distant quasars . One strong argument against them was that they implied energies that were far in excess of known energy conversion processes , including nuclear fusion . At this time , there were some suggestions that quasars were made of some hitherto unknown form of stable antimatter and that this might account for their brightness . Others speculated that quasars were a white hole end of a wormhole , or a chain reaction of numerous supernovae .","sentences":["Various explanations were proposed over time .","It was suggested , for example , that the redshift of quasars was not due to the expansion of space but rather to light escaping a deep gravitational well .","However a star of sufficient mass to form such a well would be unstable and in excess of the Hayashi limit .","Quasars also show forbidden spectral emission lines which were previously only seen in hot gaseous nebulae of low density , which would be too diffuse to both generate the observed power and fit within a deep gravitational well .","There were also serious concerns regarding the idea of cosmologically distant quasars .","One strong argument against them was that they implied energies that were far in excess of known energy conversion processes , including nuclear fusion .","At this time , there were some suggestions that quasars were made of some hitherto unknown form of stable antimatter and that this might account for their brightness .","Others speculated that quasars were a white hole end of a wormhole , or a chain reaction of numerous supernovae ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1088314041886627369","input":"snow white with the red hair episodes list","passages":[{"title":"Snow White with the Red Hair","text":"Shirayuki ( \u767d\u96ea ) Voiced by : Saori Hayami ( Japanese ) ; Brina Palencia ( English ) Shirayuki is the main protagonist of the story . Born with rare red hair , she often has to hide it due to how it easily attracts attention . She escapes from the kingdom of Tanbarun after its prince orders her to become his concubine . Independent and persistent , she meets Zen on her second day in the kingdom of Clarines and befriends him after tending to his wounds . Later , she is accepted as a royal pharmacist and trains under Garack and Ryu . Shirayuki has demonstrated her abilities as a pharmacist in various situations , particularly in identifying and controlling disease outbreaks in foreign areas . She has a close relationship with Zen , and falls in love with him over the course of the story despite opposition due to their difference in social status . She moves into the east wing of Wistal Castle in chapter 49 , and is later reassigned as a pharmacist to Lyrias for two years in chapter 53 . Zen Wistalia ( \u30bc\u30f3 \u30fb \u30a6\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30ea\u30a2 , Zen Wisutaria ) Voiced by : Ry\u014dta \u014csaka ( Japanese ) ; Josh Grelle ( English ) Zen is the second prince of Clarines , and meets Shirayuki on a trip outside the castle . Shortly after befriending her , he is poisoned by an apple meant for Shirayuki , but obtains the antidote with her help . Initially , Zen is often seen escaping his duties to experience Clarines first - hand , though he has since taken more responsibility over official work . He has a close relationship with his three aides , Mitsuhide , Kiki , and Obi , and has both their respect and genuine loyalty . Over the course of the story , he falls in love with Shirayuki , and rescues her from various dangers . Mitsuhide Lowen ( \u30df\u30c4\u30d2\u30c7 \u30fb \u30eb\u30fc\u30a8\u30f3 , Mitsuhide R\u016ben ) Voiced by : Y\u016bichir\u014d Umehara ( Japanese ) ; Ian Sinclair ( English ) Mitsuhide is one of Zen 's closest aides , he was appointed by Prince Izana to watch over Zen ( despite initially wanting to be Izana 's retainer ) and is a skilled swordsman . Though their relationship was initially rocky , he is seen by Zen as both a close friend and reliable aide . He is extremely loyal though somewhat clumsy at times , as well as a little silly . In chapter 92 he is offered a marriage proposal by Kiki Seiran , which he declines . Kiki Seiran ( \u6728\u3005 \u30fb \u30bb\u30a4\u30e9\u30f3 ) Voiced by : Kaori Nazuka ( Japanese ) ; Jamie Marchi ( English ) Kiki is one of Zen 's closest aides , and arrives at the castle some time after Mitsuhide . As the heir to the household of the Seiran family , her father expects her to return home to assume responsibility after her time serving Zen . Reserved , independent and intelligent , Kiki is extremely loyal to protecting Zen ( and later Shirayuki as she becomes part of Zen 's life ) and is most often seen with Mitsuhide . She has stated ( to Zen ) that when the time comes , she will propose to Mitsuhide . Like Mitsuhide , she is skilled at swordplay and is often seen training the soldiers or dueling with him . In chapter 92 Kiki confesses and proposes to Mitsuhide , which he later declines . Obi ( \u30aa\u30d3 ) Voiced by : Nobuhiko Okamoto ( Japanese ) ; Austin Tindle ( English ) Obi is one of Zen 's self - proclaimed aides . Originally sent by Marquis Haruka as a way to scare Shirayuki out of the castle , he later pledges himself to Zen after being discovered . It is hinted that he has feelings for Shirayuki , but his loyalty to both Zen and Shirayuki prevents him from acting out on his feelings . Obi has a relatively mysterious past as a loner , but finds himself drawn to protecting Zen , Shirayuki , and their respective goals . He later becomes Zen 's official messenger . With his quick movements and reflexes , he is often sent by Zen to protect Shirayuki at times when he can not leave his royal duties . He has been seen using the alias `` Nanaki '' .","sentences":["Shirayuki ( \u767d\u96ea ) Voiced by : Saori Hayami ( Japanese ) ; Brina Palencia ( English ) Shirayuki is the main protagonist of the story .","Born with rare red hair , she often has to hide it due to how it easily attracts attention .","She escapes from the kingdom of Tanbarun after its prince orders her to become his concubine .","Independent and persistent , she meets Zen on her second day in the kingdom of Clarines and befriends him after tending to his wounds .","Later , she is accepted as a royal pharmacist and trains under Garack and Ryu .","Shirayuki has demonstrated her abilities as a pharmacist in various situations , particularly in identifying and controlling disease outbreaks in foreign areas .","She has a close relationship with Zen , and falls in love with him over the course of the story despite opposition due to their difference in social status .","She moves into the east wing of Wistal Castle in chapter 49 , and is later reassigned as a pharmacist to Lyrias for two years in chapter 53 .","Zen Wistalia ( \u30bc\u30f3 \u30fb \u30a6\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30ea\u30a2 , Zen Wisutaria )","Voiced by : Ry\u014dta \u014csaka ( Japanese ) ; Josh Grelle ( English )","Zen is the second prince of Clarines , and meets Shirayuki on a trip outside the castle .","Shortly after befriending her , he is poisoned by an apple meant for Shirayuki , but obtains the antidote with her help .","Initially , Zen is often seen escaping his duties to experience Clarines first - hand , though he has since taken more responsibility over official work .","He has a close relationship with his three aides , Mitsuhide , Kiki , and Obi , and has both their respect and genuine loyalty .","Over the course of the story , he falls in love with Shirayuki , and rescues her from various dangers .","Mitsuhide Lowen ( \u30df\u30c4\u30d2\u30c7 \u30fb \u30eb\u30fc\u30a8\u30f3 , Mitsuhide R\u016ben ) Voiced by :","Y\u016bichir\u014d Umehara ( Japanese ) ; Ian Sinclair ( English ) Mitsuhide is one of Zen 's closest aides , he was appointed by Prince Izana to watch over Zen ( despite initially wanting to be Izana 's retainer ) and is a skilled swordsman .","Though their relationship was initially rocky , he is seen by Zen as both a close friend and reliable aide .","He is extremely loyal though somewhat clumsy at times , as well as a little silly .","In chapter 92 he is offered a marriage proposal by Kiki Seiran , which he declines .","Kiki Seiran ( \u6728\u3005 \u30fb \u30bb\u30a4\u30e9\u30f3 ) Voiced by : Kaori Nazuka ( Japanese ) ; Jamie Marchi ( English )","Kiki is one of Zen 's closest aides , and arrives at the castle some time after Mitsuhide .","As the heir to the household of the Seiran family , her father expects her to return home to assume responsibility after her time serving Zen .","Reserved , independent and intelligent , Kiki is extremely loyal to protecting Zen ( and later Shirayuki as she becomes part of Zen 's life ) and is most often seen with Mitsuhide .","She has stated ( to Zen ) that when the time comes , she will propose to Mitsuhide .","Like Mitsuhide , she is skilled at swordplay and is often seen training the soldiers or dueling with him .","In chapter 92 Kiki confesses and proposes to Mitsuhide , which he later declines .","Obi ( \u30aa\u30d3 ) Voiced by : Nobuhiko Okamoto ( Japanese ) ; Austin Tindle ( English ) Obi is one of Zen 's self - proclaimed aides .","Originally sent by Marquis Haruka as a way to scare Shirayuki out of the castle , he later pledges himself to Zen after being discovered .","It is hinted that he has feelings for Shirayuki , but his loyalty to both Zen and Shirayuki prevents him from acting out on his feelings .","Obi has a relatively mysterious past as a loner , but finds himself drawn to protecting Zen , Shirayuki , and their respective goals .","He later becomes Zen 's official messenger .","With his quick movements and reflexes , he is often sent by Zen to protect Shirayuki at times when he can not leave his royal duties .","He has been seen using the alias `` Nanaki '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7581871649342656920","input":"what a man what a man what a man lyrics","passages":[{"title":"What a Man (song)","text":"Richard Harrington of The Washington Post interprets the song as `` a celebration of strong men who stay home and care for kids . '' Garth Baker - Fletcher , an Associate Professor of Religion from Texas College , interpreted the version 's refrain as `` praising a steady - thinking , family - values - yet - sexy man . '' Writer Keith Boykin described the song portion , `` Although most men are hos \/ He flows on the down low \/ Cuz I never heard about him with another girl , '' as if `` rather than praise his faithfulness , the artists appreciate his discretion , while tacitly acknowledging his cheating . '' Moreover , Boykin said that `` another girl '' refers to Salt - N - Pepa 's considerations of `` heterosexual infidelity '' and as if `` some women ( ... ) were publicly excusing their men for their down low behavior . ''","sentences":["Richard Harrington of The Washington Post interprets the song as `` a celebration of strong men who stay home and care for kids . ''","Garth Baker - Fletcher , an Associate Professor of Religion from Texas College , interpreted the version 's refrain as `` praising a steady - thinking , family - values - yet - sexy man . ''","Writer Keith Boykin described the song portion , `` Although most men are hos \/","He flows on the down low \/","Cuz I never heard about him with another girl , '' as if `` rather than praise his faithfulness , the artists appreciate his discretion , while tacitly acknowledging his cheating . ''","Moreover , Boykin said that `` another girl '' refers to Salt - N - Pepa 's considerations of `` heterosexual infidelity '' and as if `` some women ( ... ) were publicly excusing their men for their down low behavior . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4104080230959702449","input":"where were most of the old westerns filmed","passages":[{"title":"Western (genre)","text":"After the early 1960s , many American filmmakers began to question and change many traditional elements of Westerns , and to make Revisionist Westerns that encouraged audiences to question the simple hero - versus - villain dualism and the morality of using violence to test one 's character or to prove oneself right . This is shown in Sam Peckinpah 's The Wild Bunch ( 1969 ) . One major revision was the increasingly positive representation of Native Americans , who had been treated as `` savages '' in earlier films . Examples of such revisionist Westerns include Ride the High Country ( 1962 ) , Richard Harris ' A Man Called Horse ( 1970 ) , Little Big Man ( 1970 ) , Soldier Blue ( 1970 ) , Man in the Wilderness ( 1971 ) , The Outlaw Josey Wales ( 1976 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) and Dead Man ( 1995 ) . A few earlier Revisionist Westerns gave women more powerful roles , such as Westward the Women ( 1951 ) starring Robert Taylor . Another earlier work encompassed all these features , The Last Wagon ( 1956 ) . In it , Richard Widmark played a white man raised by Comanches and persecuted by whites , with Felicia Farr and Susan Kohner playing young women forced into leadership roles . Science","sentences":["After the early 1960s , many American filmmakers began to question and change many traditional elements of Westerns , and to make Revisionist Westerns that encouraged audiences to question the simple hero - versus - villain dualism and the morality of using violence to test one 's character or to prove oneself right .","This is shown in Sam Peckinpah 's The Wild Bunch ( 1969 ) .","One major revision was the increasingly positive representation of Native Americans , who had been treated as `` savages '' in earlier films .","Examples of such revisionist Westerns include Ride the High Country ( 1962 ) , Richard Harris ' A Man Called Horse ( 1970 ) , Little Big Man ( 1970 ) , Soldier Blue ( 1970 ) , Man in the Wilderness ( 1971 ) , The Outlaw Josey Wales ( 1976 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) and Dead Man ( 1995 ) .","A few earlier Revisionist Westerns gave women more powerful roles , such as Westward the Women ( 1951 ) starring Robert Taylor .","Another earlier work encompassed all these features , The Last Wagon ( 1956 ) .","In it , Richard Widmark played a white man raised by Comanches and persecuted by whites , with Felicia Farr and Susan Kohner playing young women forced into leadership roles .","Science"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2261838892423639086","input":"what episode do you find out nathan's power","passages":[{"title":"Nathan Young","text":"Sheehan was nominated for a BAFTA for his portrayal of Nathan but lost out to Martin Freeman who stars in Sherlock . Sheehan was nominated for Outstanding Actor in the fiction category at the Monte - Carlo Television Festival in 2011 . The Herald described him as a `` curly haired Irish smart alec called Nathan ( Robert Sheehan ) , to whom writer Howard Overman has given all the best lines '' . The Guardian also commented that `` So far his only power seems to be the gift of incessant back - chat . Played by Robert Sheehan , he 's the breakout star of the show '' . The Daily Telegraph describes him as `` Motormouth Nathan was the pivot here , prodding , challenging and provoking the others into revealing themselves '' . The Independent responded to the character saying he was `` clearly the most quotable of the quintet '' . After Nathan decides to join the circus so he can be repeatedly killed they added `` Quite right : who 'd really get all superhero - ish just because they 've got some powers ? '' The Metro described him as a `` cult hero '' . MSN News described Nathan saying he was `` undoubtedly the star of the show '' .","sentences":["Sheehan was nominated for a BAFTA for his portrayal of Nathan but lost out to Martin Freeman who stars in Sherlock .","Sheehan was nominated for Outstanding Actor in the fiction category at the Monte - Carlo Television Festival in 2011 .","The Herald described him as a `` curly haired Irish smart alec called Nathan ( Robert Sheehan ) , to whom writer Howard Overman has given all the best lines '' .","The Guardian also commented that `` So far his only power seems to be the gift of incessant back - chat .","Played by Robert Sheehan , he 's the breakout star of the show '' .","The Daily Telegraph describes him as `` Motormouth Nathan was the pivot here , prodding , challenging and provoking the others into revealing themselves '' .","The Independent responded to the character saying he was `` clearly the most quotable of the quintet '' .","After Nathan decides to join the circus so he can be repeatedly killed they added `` Quite right : who 'd really get all superhero - ish just because they 've got some powers ? ''","The Metro described him as a `` cult hero '' .","MSN News described Nathan saying he was `` undoubtedly the star of the show '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6518161977361325034","input":"when did the first bridget jones come out","passages":[{"title":"Bridget Jones's Diary (film)","text":"Bridget is invited to a family party , and she takes Daniel along as her `` plus one '' . They spend the day before the party at a country house hotel , where Mark and Natasha are also staying . Daniel , having to spend the day working , is not able to attend and sends Bridget to the party alone . However , his dubious character becomes clearer to Bridget when she returns home from the party to find Daniel with another woman , a colleague of his , Lara ( Lisa Barbuscia ) , and Bridget cuts ties with him soon after . Bridget begins to search for a new job and after landing a job in television , quits her role at the publishing house without giving notice . Daniel makes a desperate attempt to convince Bridget to stay , only for her to retort that she would `` rather have a job wiping Saddam Hussein 's arse . ''","sentences":["Bridget is invited to a family party , and she takes Daniel along as her `` plus one '' .","They spend the day before the party at a country house hotel , where Mark and Natasha are also staying .","Daniel , having to spend the day working , is not able to attend and sends Bridget to the party alone .","However , his dubious character becomes clearer to Bridget when she returns home from the party to find Daniel with another woman , a colleague of his , Lara ( Lisa Barbuscia ) , and Bridget cuts ties with him soon after .","Bridget begins to search for a new job and after landing a job in television , quits her role at the publishing house without giving notice .","Daniel makes a desperate attempt to convince Bridget to stay , only for her to retort that she would `` rather have a job wiping Saddam Hussein 's arse . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5339261488992515650","input":"what materials did the cherokee use to make what they needed","passages":[{"title":"Cherokee","text":"It was unusual for a Cherokee man to marry a European - American woman . The children of such a union were disadvantaged , as they would not belong to the nation . They would be born outside the clans and traditionally were not considered Cherokee citizens . This is because of the matrilineal aspect of Cherokee culture . As the Cherokee began to adopt some elements of European - American culture in the early 19th century , they sent elite young men , such as John Ridge and Elias Boudinot to American schools for education . After Ridge had married a European - American woman from Connecticut and Boudinot was engaged to another , the Cherokee Council in 1825 passed a law making children of such unions full citizens of the tribe , as if their mothers were Cherokee . This was a way to protect the families of men expected to be leaders of the tribe .","sentences":["It was unusual for a Cherokee man to marry a European - American woman .","The children of such a union were disadvantaged , as they would not belong to the nation .","They would be born outside the clans and traditionally were not considered Cherokee citizens .","This is because of the matrilineal aspect of Cherokee culture .","As the Cherokee began to adopt some elements of European - American culture in the early 19th century , they sent elite young men , such as John Ridge and Elias Boudinot to American schools for education .","After Ridge had married a European - American woman from Connecticut and Boudinot was engaged to another , the Cherokee Council in 1825 passed a law making children of such unions full citizens of the tribe , as if their mothers were Cherokee .","This was a way to protect the families of men expected to be leaders of the tribe ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3359979229678226037","input":"switched at birth season 1 episode 28 cast","passages":[{"title":"Switched at Birth (season 1)","text":"Regina 's artwork is entered in a gallery where she soon discovers the real reason why her art was chosen . Daphne finds herself the target of Simone 's tactics . Emmett is having trouble with speech therapy and , under some advice by his father 's girlfriend Olivia , begins to drink to ease his nerves . Emmett 's troubles soon spiral further when Emmett soon reveals to Bay that he plans to drop out of school , and later on just settle for a GED , to become a photographer causing Bay to confide in Melody about her concerns for Emmett which has repercussions she was n't suspecting . Kathryn meanwhile goes against John 's wishes when she hands over money to a nurse who is in deep financial trouble ; threatening their case . At Regina 's art gallery , Emmett brings over his father and Olivia , where Melody is at also having tagged along with Bay and Regina . Things explode when Melody smells alcohol on Emmett 's breath and she demands to know what 's going on in her ex-husband's house hold , resulting in a huge fight breaking out in the gallery . Melody lets it slip about Emmett 's intention to drop out of school , thereby accidentally revealing how Bay confided in her about the detail to Emmett angering him . In the end , Daphne 's longing for her old school leads her to re-join Carlton discovering how the girls ' basketball team was going to get cut due to a low budget and Bay and Emmett 's relationship is greatly strained due to Bay 's confiding in Melody and with Emmett , overall , being furious with Bay . Title","sentences":["Regina 's artwork is entered in a gallery where she soon discovers the real reason why her art was chosen .","Daphne finds herself the target of Simone 's tactics .","Emmett is having trouble with speech therapy and , under some advice by his father 's girlfriend Olivia , begins to drink to ease his nerves .","Emmett 's troubles soon spiral further when Emmett soon reveals to Bay that he plans to drop out of school , and later on just settle for a GED , to become a photographer causing Bay to confide in Melody about her concerns for Emmett which has repercussions she was n't suspecting .","Kathryn meanwhile goes against John 's wishes when she hands over money to a nurse who is in deep financial trouble ; threatening their case .","At Regina 's art gallery , Emmett brings over his father and Olivia , where Melody is at also having tagged along with Bay and Regina .","Things explode when Melody smells alcohol on Emmett 's breath and she demands to know what 's going on in her ex-husband's house hold , resulting in a huge fight breaking out in the gallery .","Melody lets it slip about Emmett 's intention to drop out of school , thereby accidentally revealing how Bay confided in her about the detail to Emmett angering him .","In the end , Daphne 's longing for her old school leads her to re-join Carlton discovering how the girls ' basketball team was going to get cut due to a low budget and Bay and Emmett 's relationship is greatly strained due to Bay 's confiding in Melody and with Emmett , overall , being furious with Bay .","Title"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6023290542919025314","input":"when is season 3 of travelers coming on","passages":[{"title":"Travelers (TV series)","text":"Ian Tracey as Ray Green , Philip 's lawyer and later friend ; a gambling addict . Arnold Pinnock as Walt Forbes , Grant 's partner at the FBI , later a faction member posing as Traveler 4112 , and subsequently Traveler 4991 . J. Alex Brinson as Jeff Conniker , Carly 's abusive ex-boyfriend and the father of her son ; a policeman . William MacDonald as Gary Holden , Trevor 's father . Teryl Rothery as Patricia Holden , Trevor 's mother . David Lewis as Major Gleason , a hotheaded military officer . Kyra Zagorsky as Dr. Delaney , a brilliant scientist who developed a method for collecting and storing antimatter . Leah Cairns as Kathryn `` Kat '' MacLaren , Grant 's wife who works in antiques restoration . Kristine Cofsky as Officer Victoria Boyd , Traveler 3185 , a fellow traveler assuming the life of a police officer . Giacomo Baessato as Private Wilson , a military soldier who works for Gleason . Alyssa Lynch as Renee Bellamy , a high school student and Trevor 's girlfriend . Jennifer Spence as Grace Day , Trevor 's high school counselor , and subsequently Traveler 0027 , a programmer who helped create the Director . Tom McBeath as Ellis , Traveler 0014 , a programmer assuming the life of a farmer . Eileen Pedde as Mom , a fellow traveler who assumes the role of a mother in a family of four . Yasmeene Ball as Charlotte , a misfire traveler historian ; later a traveler assassin . Douglas Chapman as Luca , a traveler on Hall 's team . Glynis Davies as Jacqueline , a representative of Child Protective Services . Melanie Papalia as Beth , an FBI analyst working for MacLaren . Karin Konoval as Bloom , Traveler 0117 , a high ranking traveler engineer . Louis Ferreira as Sergeant Rick Hall , a jaded traveler team leader . Jason Gray - Stanford as Aaron Donner , Traveler 4022 ( and later Traveler 4024 ) , a bomber . Enrico Colantoni as Vincent Ingram , Traveler 001 , whose host was supposed to die on September 11 , 2001 . Amanda Tapping as Dr. Katrina Perrow , Traveler 001 's psychiatrist . Stephanie Bennett as Jenny , Traveler 4514 , a traveler assigned to help Philip with his heroin addiction . Matthew Kevin Anderson as Derek , Traveler D13 , a traveler doctor assigned to save MacLaren . Stephen Lobo as Agent Wakefield , a faction member posing as a traveler . Lee Majdoub as Dr. Barker , a doctor with a crush on Marcy . Sunita Prasad as Blair , David 's girlfriend . Melissa Roxburgh as Carrie , Travelers 5001 -- 5007 , a skydiver assigned to prevent the assassination of MacLaren 's team . Paloma Kwiatkowski as Abigail Paris , a young woman that Trevor befriends . Dylan Playfair as Kyle , a friend of Trevor , later Traveler 5532 . Chad Krowchuk as Simon , Traveler 0004 , a specialist that set up the Travelers ' communications system in the 21st .","sentences":["Ian Tracey as Ray Green , Philip 's lawyer and later friend ; a gambling addict .","Arnold Pinnock as Walt Forbes , Grant 's partner at the FBI , later a faction member posing as Traveler 4112 , and subsequently Traveler 4991 .","J. Alex Brinson as Jeff Conniker , Carly 's abusive ex-boyfriend and the father of her son ; a policeman .","William MacDonald as Gary Holden , Trevor 's father .","Teryl Rothery as Patricia Holden , Trevor 's mother .","David Lewis as Major Gleason , a hotheaded military officer .","Kyra Zagorsky as Dr. Delaney , a brilliant scientist who developed a method for collecting and storing antimatter .","Leah Cairns as Kathryn `` Kat '' MacLaren , Grant 's wife who works in antiques restoration .","Kristine Cofsky as Officer Victoria Boyd , Traveler 3185 , a fellow traveler assuming the life of a police officer .","Giacomo Baessato as Private Wilson , a military soldier who works for Gleason .","Alyssa Lynch as Renee Bellamy , a high school student and Trevor 's girlfriend .","Jennifer Spence as Grace Day , Trevor 's high school counselor , and subsequently Traveler 0027 , a programmer who helped create the Director .","Tom McBeath as Ellis , Traveler 0014 , a programmer assuming the life of a farmer .","Eileen Pedde as Mom , a fellow traveler who assumes the role of a mother in a family of four .","Yasmeene Ball as Charlotte , a misfire traveler historian ; later a traveler assassin .","Douglas Chapman as Luca , a traveler on Hall 's team .","Glynis Davies as Jacqueline , a representative of Child Protective Services .","Melanie Papalia as Beth , an FBI analyst working for MacLaren .","Karin Konoval as Bloom , Traveler 0117 , a high ranking traveler engineer .","Louis Ferreira as Sergeant Rick Hall , a jaded traveler team leader .","Jason Gray - Stanford as Aaron Donner , Traveler 4022 ( and later Traveler 4024 ) , a bomber .","Enrico Colantoni as Vincent Ingram , Traveler 001 , whose host was supposed to die on September 11 , 2001 .","Amanda Tapping as Dr. Katrina Perrow , Traveler 001 's psychiatrist .","Stephanie Bennett as Jenny , Traveler 4514 , a traveler assigned to help Philip with his heroin addiction .","Matthew Kevin Anderson as Derek , Traveler D13 , a traveler doctor assigned to save MacLaren .","Stephen Lobo as Agent Wakefield , a faction member posing as a traveler .","Lee Majdoub as Dr. Barker , a doctor with a crush on Marcy .","Sunita Prasad as Blair , David 's girlfriend .","Melissa Roxburgh as Carrie , Travelers 5001 -- 5007 , a skydiver assigned to prevent the assassination of MacLaren 's team .","Paloma Kwiatkowski as Abigail Paris , a young woman that Trevor befriends .","Dylan Playfair as Kyle , a friend of Trevor , later Traveler 5532 .","Chad Krowchuk as Simon , Traveler 0004 , a specialist that set up the Travelers ' communications system in the 21st ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7654817526835414323","input":"the mind has little influence on our emotional states.\u200b true false","passages":[{"title":"Theory of mind","text":"While much research has been done on infants , theory of mind develops continuously throughout childhood and into late adolescence as the synapses ( neuronal connections ) in the prefrontal cortex develop . The prefrontal cortex is responsible for planning and decision - making . Children seem to develop theory of mind skills sequentially . The first skill to develop is the ability to recognize that others have diverse desires . Children are able to recognize that others have diverse beliefs soon after . The next skill to develop is recognizing that others have access to different knowledge bases . Finally , children are able to understand that others may have false beliefs and that others are capable of hiding emotions . While this sequence represents the general trend in skill acquisition , it seems that more emphasis is placed on some skills in certain cultures , leading to more valued skills to develop before those that are considered not as important . For example , in individualistic cultures such as the United States , a greater emphasis is placed on the ability to recognize that others have different opinions and beliefs . In a collectivistic culture , such as China , this skill may not be as important and therefore may not develop until later .","sentences":["While much research has been done on infants , theory of mind develops continuously throughout childhood and into late adolescence as the synapses ( neuronal connections ) in the prefrontal cortex develop .","The prefrontal cortex is responsible for planning and decision - making .","Children seem to develop theory of mind skills sequentially .","The first skill to develop is the ability to recognize that others have diverse desires .","Children are able to recognize that others have diverse beliefs soon after .","The next skill to develop is recognizing that others have access to different knowledge bases .","Finally , children are able to understand that others may have false beliefs and that others are capable of hiding emotions .","While this sequence represents the general trend in skill acquisition , it seems that more emphasis is placed on some skills in certain cultures , leading to more valued skills to develop before those that are considered not as important .","For example , in individualistic cultures such as the United States , a greater emphasis is placed on the ability to recognize that others have different opinions and beliefs .","In a collectivistic culture , such as China , this skill may not be as important and therefore may not develop until later ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2453581248650434325","input":"what process plays a part in genetic recombination","passages":[{"title":"Genetic recombination","text":"Genetic recombination is catalyzed by many different enzymes . Recombinases are key enzymes that catalyse the strand transfer step during recombination . RecA , the chief recombinase found in Escherichia coli , is responsible for the repair of DNA double strand breaks ( DSBs ) . In yeast and other eukaryotic organisms there are two recombinases required for repairing DSBs . The RAD51 protein is required for mitotic and meiotic recombination , whereas the DNA repair protein , DMC1 , is specific to meiotic recombination . In the archaea , the ortholog of the bacterial RecA protein is RadA .","sentences":["Genetic recombination is catalyzed by many different enzymes .","Recombinases are key enzymes that catalyse the strand transfer step during recombination .","RecA , the chief recombinase found in Escherichia coli , is responsible for the repair of DNA double strand breaks ( DSBs ) .","In yeast and other eukaryotic organisms there are two recombinases required for repairing DSBs .","The RAD51 protein is required for mitotic and meiotic recombination , whereas the DNA repair protein , DMC1 , is specific to meiotic recombination .","In the archaea , the ortholog of the bacterial RecA protein is RadA ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3841999805831738469","input":"when did the ottoman empire begin and end","passages":[{"title":"Timeline of the Ottoman Empire","text":"Year Date Event 1908 July 3 Second Constitutional Era ( Young Turk revolution ) October 5 Bulgaria obtains full independence . October 7 Austria - Hungary annexes Bosnia by mere declaration . 1912 The Ottomans are defeated by Italy in a short war , with the Italians gaining Libya and ending the 340 - year Ottoman presence in North Africa . November 28 First Balkan War : Albania declares independence 1913 May 17 First Balkan War : The Ottoman Empire is nearly wiped out from Europe , save for Istanbul and just enough land around to defend it . 1914 August 2 The Empire enters into World War I on the side of the Central Powers . Cyprus is annexed outright by Britain . 1915 April 24 The Ottoman Empire initiates forced deportation of Armenians . 1915 April 25 The Gallipoli Campaign : Britain unsuccessfully invades the Dardanelles in Turkey . 1920 August 10 Treaty of S\u00e8vres . Rejected by Turkish nationalists and eventually leads to the abolition of the monarchy by the Government of the Grand National Assembly based in Ankara . 1922 November 1 Abolition of the Ottoman dynasty by Republic of Turkey . 1923 July 24 Treaty of Lausanne signed . 1924 March 3 Abolition of the Caliphate by Grand National Assembly of Turkey","sentences":["Year Date Event 1908 July 3 Second Constitutional Era ( Young Turk revolution )","October 5","Bulgaria obtains full independence .","October 7 Austria - Hungary annexes Bosnia by mere declaration .","1912","The Ottomans are defeated by Italy in a short war , with the Italians gaining Libya and ending the 340 - year Ottoman presence in North Africa .","November 28 First Balkan War :","Albania declares independence 1913 May 17 First Balkan War : The Ottoman Empire is nearly wiped out from Europe , save for Istanbul and just enough land around to defend it .","1914","August 2","The Empire enters into World War I on the side of the Central Powers .","Cyprus is annexed outright by Britain .","1915 April 24 The Ottoman Empire initiates forced deportation of Armenians .","1915","April 25","The Gallipoli Campaign : Britain unsuccessfully invades the Dardanelles in Turkey .","1920","August 10 Treaty of S\u00e8vres .","Rejected by Turkish nationalists and eventually leads to the abolition of the monarchy by the Government of the Grand National Assembly based in Ankara .","1922 November 1 Abolition of the Ottoman dynasty by Republic of Turkey .","1923","July 24 Treaty of Lausanne signed .","1924","March 3 Abolition of the Caliphate by Grand National Assembly of Turkey"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-268295762818401484","input":"where are the virtues found in the bible","passages":[{"title":"Seven virtues","text":"Prudence , from prudentia meaning `` seeing ahead , sagacity '' ) is the ability to govern and discipline oneself by the use of reason . It is called the Auriga virtutum ( the charioteer of the virtues ) as it guides the other virtues . Justice is a virtue which regulates man in his dealings with others . Connected to justice are the virtues of religion , piety , and gratitude . Thomas Aquinas ranks fortitude third after prudence and justice and equates it with brave endurance . Patience and perseverance are virtues related to fortitude . Temperance , is that moral virtue which moderates in accordance with reason the desires and pleasures of the sensuous appetite . Related to temperance are the virtues of continence , humility , and meekness .","sentences":["Prudence , from prudentia meaning `` seeing ahead , sagacity '' ) is the ability to govern and discipline oneself by the use of reason .","It is called the Auriga virtutum ( the charioteer of the virtues ) as it guides the other virtues .","Justice is a virtue which regulates man in his dealings with others .","Connected to justice are the virtues of religion , piety , and gratitude .","Thomas Aquinas ranks fortitude third after prudence and justice and equates it with brave endurance .","Patience and perseverance are virtues related to fortitude .","Temperance , is that moral virtue which moderates in accordance with reason the desires and pleasures of the sensuous appetite .","Related to temperance are the virtues of continence , humility , and meekness ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8912857005081129508","input":"what county is st johns town center in","passages":[{"title":"St. Johns Town Center","text":"Simon Malls and the Jax Food Truck Food Court has collaborated to bring the Food Truck Pavilion to the St. Johns Town Center . This `` Pavilion , '' beginning on November 3 , 2016 , includes about three food trucks every Thursday through Sunday and is located between Victoria 's Secret and Abercrombie & Fitch , directly across from Dick 's Sporting Goods . Simon Malls has included this Pavilion in order to support locals and provide new dining options . The first month 's lineup included The Happy Grilled Cheese , Chew Chew , Son of a Butcher , Blue Pacific Taco , and Delish Kebabs . Some healthier options include Berry Good Farms , Wrap it Up , and Mama 's Food . Also , traditional food trucks include Front Porth Kettle Corn , Sausage Paradise , and Danilo 's Famous Lumpia . If you 're craving Cuban and Latin comfort foods , Manny 's Cuban Food Truck and Latin Soul Grille has got you covered . They will even be including dessert by rotating Tikiz Shaved Ice , Julie 's Sweet Stuff , Nitrogen Creamery , Kona Ice , Cold Calf Ice Cream , Le Petite Cheri Cupcakery , and Guanoabana ice pops . These food trucks include a unique and delicious way to satisfy anyone 's food preferences .","sentences":["Simon Malls and the Jax Food Truck Food Court has collaborated to bring the Food Truck Pavilion to the St. Johns Town Center .","This `` Pavilion , '' beginning on November 3 , 2016 , includes about three food trucks every Thursday through Sunday and is located between Victoria 's Secret and Abercrombie & Fitch , directly across from Dick 's Sporting Goods .","Simon Malls has included this Pavilion in order to support locals and provide new dining options .","The first month 's lineup included The Happy Grilled Cheese , Chew Chew , Son of a Butcher , Blue Pacific Taco , and Delish Kebabs .","Some healthier options include Berry Good Farms , Wrap it Up , and Mama 's Food .","Also , traditional food trucks include Front Porth Kettle Corn , Sausage Paradise , and Danilo 's Famous Lumpia .","If you 're craving Cuban and Latin comfort foods , Manny 's Cuban Food Truck and Latin Soul Grille has got you covered .","They will even be including dessert by rotating Tikiz Shaved Ice , Julie 's Sweet Stuff , Nitrogen Creamery , Kona Ice , Cold Calf Ice Cream , Le Petite Cheri Cupcakery , and Guanoabana ice pops .","These food trucks include a unique and delicious way to satisfy anyone 's food preferences ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8693424124761321188","input":"what are the famous traditional food items of maharashtra","passages":[{"title":"Maharashtrian cuisine","text":"Other ingredients include oil seeds such as flax , karale , coconut , peanuts , almonds and cashew nuts . Peanut powder and whole nuts are used in many preparations including , chutney , khosimbir and bhaaji . More - expensive nuts ( almonds and cashew ) are used for sweet dishes . Flax and karale seeds are used in making dry chutneys . Traditionally , sugar cane based jaggery was used as the sweetening agent , but has been largely replaced by refined cane sugar . Fruit such as mango are used in many preparations including pickles , jams , drinks and sweet dishes . Bananas and jackfruit are also used . Peanut powder is often added to curry recipes .","sentences":["Other ingredients include oil seeds such as flax , karale , coconut , peanuts , almonds and cashew nuts .","Peanut powder and whole nuts are used in many preparations including , chutney , khosimbir and bhaaji .","More - expensive nuts ( almonds and cashew ) are used for sweet dishes .","Flax and karale seeds are used in making dry chutneys .","Traditionally , sugar cane based jaggery was used as the sweetening agent , but has been largely replaced by refined cane sugar .","Fruit such as mango are used in many preparations including pickles , jams , drinks and sweet dishes .","Bananas and jackfruit are also used .","Peanut powder is often added to curry recipes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"850352202405865391","input":"where are you going where have you been by bob dylan","passages":[{"title":"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?","text":"The story was originally named `` Death and the Maiden '' . The main character of Oates ' story is Connie , a beautiful , self - absorbed 15 - year - old girl , who is at odds with her mother -- once a beauty herself -- and with her dutiful , `` steady '' , and homely older sister . Without her parents ' knowledge , she spends most of her evenings picking up boys at a Big Boy restaurant , and one evening captures the attention of a stranger in a gold convertible covered with cryptic writing . While her parents are away at her aunt 's barbecue , two men pull up in front of Connie 's house and call her out . She recognizes the driver , Arnold Friend , as the man from the drive - in restaurant , and is initially charmed by the smooth - talking , charismatic stranger . He tells Connie he is 18 and has come to take her for a ride in his car with his sidekick Ellie . Connie slowly realizes that he is actually much older , and grows afraid . When she refuses to go with them , Friend becomes more forceful and threatening , saying that he will harm her family , while at the same time appealing to her vanity , saying that she is too good for them . Connie is compelled to leave with him and do what he demands of her .","sentences":["The story was originally named `` Death and the Maiden '' .","The main character of Oates ' story is Connie , a beautiful , self - absorbed 15 - year - old girl , who is at odds with her mother -- once a beauty herself -- and with her dutiful , `` steady '' , and homely older sister .","Without her parents ' knowledge , she spends most of her evenings picking up boys at a Big Boy restaurant , and one evening captures the attention of a stranger in a gold convertible covered with cryptic writing .","While her parents are away at her aunt 's barbecue , two men pull up in front of Connie 's house and call her out .","She recognizes the driver , Arnold Friend , as the man from the drive - in restaurant , and is initially charmed by the smooth - talking , charismatic stranger .","He tells Connie he is 18 and has come to take her for a ride in his car with his sidekick Ellie .","Connie slowly realizes that he is actually much older , and grows afraid .","When she refuses to go with them , Friend becomes more forceful and threatening , saying that he will harm her family , while at the same time appealing to her vanity , saying that she is too good for them .","Connie is compelled to leave with him and do what he demands of her ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6284980320184703720","input":"what resulted from the supreme court's ruling in miranda v. arizona (1966) (4 points)","passages":[{"title":"Miranda v. Arizona","text":"Miranda v. Arizona Supreme Court of the United States Argued February 28 -- March 1 , 1966 Decided June 13 , 1966 Full case name Miranda v. State of Arizona ; Westover v. United States ; Vignera v. State of New York ; State of California v. Stewart Citations 384 U.S. 436 ( more ) 86 S. Ct. 1602 ; 16 L. Ed . 2d 694 ; 1966 U.S. LEXIS 2817 ; 10 A.L.R. 3d 974 Argument Oral argument Prior history Defendant . Superior Ct. ; affirmed , 401 P. 2d 721 ( Ariz . 1965 ) ; cert . granted , 382 U.S. 925 ( 1965 ) Subsequent history Retrial on remand , defendant convicted , Ariz . Superior Ct. ; affirmed , 450 P. 2d 364 ( Ariz . 1969 ) ; rehearing denied , Ariz . Supreme Ct . March 11 , 1969 ; cert . denied , 396 U.S. 868 ( 1969 ) Holding The Fifth Amendment right against self - incrimination requires law enforcement officials to advise a suspect interrogated in custody of his or her rights to remain silent and to obtain an attorney . Supreme Court of Arizona reversed and remanded . Court membership Chief Justice Earl Warren Associate Justices Hugo Black William O. Douglas Tom C. Clark John M. Harlan II William J. Brennan , Jr . Potter Stewart Byron White Abe Fortas Case opinions Majority Warren , joined by Black , Douglas , Brennan , Fortas Concur \/ dissent Clark Dissent Harlan , joined by Stewart , White Dissent White , joined by Harlan , Stewart Laws applied U.S. Const . amends . V , XIV","sentences":["Miranda v. Arizona Supreme Court of the United States Argued February 28 -- March 1 , 1966 Decided June 13 , 1966 Full case name Miranda v. State of Arizona ;","Westover v. United States ; Vignera v. State of New York ; State of California v. Stewart Citations 384 U.S. 436 ( more ) 86 S. Ct. 1602 ; 16 L. Ed .","2d 694 ; 1966 U.S. LEXIS 2817 ; 10 A.L.R. 3d 974 Argument Oral argument Prior history Defendant .","Superior Ct. ; affirmed , 401 P. 2d 721 ( Ariz . 1965 ) ; cert .","granted , 382 U.S. 925 ( 1965 )","Subsequent history Retrial on remand , defendant convicted , Ariz .","Superior Ct. ; affirmed , 450 P. 2d 364 ( Ariz . 1969 ) ; rehearing denied , Ariz .","Supreme Ct .","March 11 , 1969 ; cert .","denied , 396 U.S. 868 ( 1969 )","Holding The Fifth Amendment right against self - incrimination requires law enforcement officials to advise a suspect interrogated in custody of his or her rights to remain silent and to obtain an attorney .","Supreme Court of Arizona reversed and remanded .","Court membership Chief Justice Earl Warren Associate Justices Hugo Black William O. Douglas Tom C. Clark John M. Harlan II William J. Brennan , Jr .","Potter Stewart Byron White Abe Fortas Case opinions Majority Warren , joined by Black , Douglas , Brennan , Fortas Concur \/ dissent Clark Dissent Harlan , joined by Stewart , White Dissent White , joined by Harlan , Stewart Laws applied U.S. Const .","amends .","V , XIV"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6358977686689810260","input":"who was responsible for the loss of theatre in the dark ages","passages":[{"title":"Medieval theatre","text":"Medieval theatre differed from the classical theatre for it emphasized spectacle . In addition , it presented various actions on stage in time and space and presented a combination of the sublime with detailed realism . Approximately 1400 A.D. , the dramas were performed with spectacle ; no longer dependent exclusively on the spoken word , but incorporating music , dance , costume and set design . The spectacle of the later Medieval theatre made it necessary to have detailed stage directions . A sample of documented staging drawings and directions remain from the 15th - century morality play The Castle of Perseverance . The evolution to the dependence on detailed stage direction made possible the great Shakespearean stage .","sentences":["Medieval theatre differed from the classical theatre for it emphasized spectacle .","In addition , it presented various actions on stage in time and space and presented a combination of the sublime with detailed realism .","Approximately 1400 A.D. , the dramas were performed with spectacle ; no longer dependent exclusively on the spoken word , but incorporating music , dance , costume and set design .","The spectacle of the later Medieval theatre made it necessary to have detailed stage directions .","A sample of documented staging drawings and directions remain from the 15th - century morality play The Castle of Perseverance .","The evolution to the dependence on detailed stage direction made possible the great Shakespearean stage ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1732894320747181415","input":"meaning of lyrics to i am the walrus by beatles","passages":[{"title":"I Am the Walrus","text":"All the chords are major chords or seventh chords , and all the musical letters of the alphabet ( A , B , C , D , E , F and G ) are used . The song ends using a Shepard tone , with a chord progression built on ascending and descending lines in the bass and strings , repeated as the song fades . Musicologist Alan W. Pollack analyses : `` The chord progression of the outro itself is a harmonic Moebius strip with scales in bassline and top voice that move in contrary motion . '' The bassline descends stepwise A , G , F , E , D , C , and B , while the strings part rises A , B , C , D , E , F \u266f , G : this sequence repeats as the song fades , with the strings rising higher on each iteration . Pollack also notes that the repeated cell is seven bars long , which means that a different chord begins each four - bar phrase . The fade is described by Walter Everett as a `` false ending '' , in the form of an `` unrelated coda '' consisting of the orchestral chord progression , chorus , and sampling of the radio play .","sentences":["All the chords are major chords or seventh chords , and all the musical letters of the alphabet ( A , B , C , D , E , F and G ) are used .","The song ends using a Shepard tone , with a chord progression built on ascending and descending lines in the bass and strings , repeated as the song fades .","Musicologist Alan W. Pollack analyses : `` The chord progression of the outro itself is a harmonic Moebius strip with scales in bassline and top voice that move in contrary motion . ''","The bassline descends stepwise A , G , F , E , D , C , and B , while the strings part rises A , B , C , D , E , F \u266f , G : this sequence repeats as the song fades , with the strings rising higher on each iteration .","Pollack also notes that the repeated cell is seven bars long , which means that a different chord begins each four - bar phrase .","The fade is described by Walter Everett as a `` false ending '' , in the form of an `` unrelated coda '' consisting of the orchestral chord progression , chorus , and sampling of the radio play ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3132622702573013014","input":"when do the 10 days of awe begin","passages":[{"title":"High Holy Days","text":"Generally , throughout most of the year , Jewish worship services are open to all , regardless of affiliation , and membership or payment of any fee is not a requirement in order to attend . However , the High Holy Days are usually peak attendance days for synagogues and temples , often filling or over-filling synagogues . For this reason many synagogues issue tickets for attendance and may charge for them : practice varies on whether paid - up synagogue members must also buy these or whether it is included in the subscription . Synagogues never pass a collection plate during services as some churches do , as Jews are forbidden to touch money on the Sabbath or other holidays such as Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur . Among synagogues in the United States , donations are often sought during the Kol Nidre service , called the `` Kol Nidre Appeal , '' often via a pledge card , where the amount of the donation is represented by a paper tab which can be bent down in the amount of donation desired . Rabbis and other temple representatives say that holiday ticket sales represent a significant source of revenue .","sentences":["Generally , throughout most of the year , Jewish worship services are open to all , regardless of affiliation , and membership or payment of any fee is not a requirement in order to attend .","However , the High Holy Days are usually peak attendance days for synagogues and temples , often filling or over-filling synagogues .","For this reason many synagogues issue tickets for attendance and may charge for them : practice varies on whether paid - up synagogue members must also buy these or whether it is included in the subscription .","Synagogues never pass a collection plate during services as some churches do , as Jews are forbidden to touch money on the Sabbath or other holidays such as Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur .","Among synagogues in the United States , donations are often sought during the Kol Nidre service , called the `` Kol Nidre Appeal , '' often via a pledge card , where the amount of the donation is represented by a paper tab which can be bent down in the amount of donation desired .","Rabbis and other temple representatives say that holiday ticket sales represent a significant source of revenue ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1166926594066368297","input":"when did quito become the capital of ecuador","passages":[{"title":"Quito","text":"Parque Metropolitano Guanguiltagua is the largest urban park in South America at 1,376 acres ( 5.57 km ) ( as reference , New York 's Central Park is 843 acres ( 341 ha ) ) . The park is located in northern Quito , on the hill of Bellavista behind Estadio Ol\u00edmpico Atahualpa . The park is suited for mountain biking , walking , and running . Most of it is eucalyptus forest with trails , but there also are numerous sculptures on display . The park has four sites that can be used for picnics or barbecues , and the eastern section has a view of Cotopaxi , Antisana , and the Guayllabamba river basin . Bicentenario","sentences":["Parque Metropolitano Guanguiltagua is the largest urban park in South America at 1,376 acres ( 5.57 km ) ( as reference , New York 's Central Park is 843 acres ( 341 ha ) ) .","The park is located in northern Quito , on the hill of Bellavista behind Estadio Ol\u00edmpico Atahualpa .","The park is suited for mountain biking , walking , and running .","Most of it is eucalyptus forest with trails , but there also are numerous sculptures on display .","The park has four sites that can be used for picnics or barbecues , and the eastern section has a view of Cotopaxi , Antisana , and the Guayllabamba river basin .","Bicentenario"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7694205611920961187","input":"how many english translations of the quran are there","passages":[{"title":"English translations of the Quran","text":"Translation and Commentary on The Holy Quran ( 2000 ) , a 1,256 page work by the Indian - Bengali translator Dr. Zohurul Hoque . The Majestic Qur'an : An English Rendition of Its Meanings ( 2000 ) was translated by a committee that included the Cambridge professor Timothy Winter , the American Muslim writer Uthman Hutchinson , and Mostafa al - Badawi . It is published by Starlatch Press . The Qur'an in Persian and English ( Bilingual Edition , 2001 ) features an English translation by the Iranian poet and author Tahere Saffarzadeh . The Qur'an ( 2002 ) , by the UK - based Afghan - born writer M.J. Gohari , is an Oxford Logos Society imprint . `` Quran - The Living Truth '' ( 2003 ) by Shaikh Basheer Ahmed Muhuyiddin ) The Tajwidi Qur'an ( 2003 ) is a translation by an American Muslim convert , Nooruddeen Durkee . It presents the Arabic text using a romanized transliteration system that allows English - speaking readers to pronounce the Arabic . The English translation is an amalgamation of other translations . The Qur'an with an English Paraphrase ( 2003 ) , a translation by Indian - born Sayyid Ali Quli Qara'i , is an imprint of the Iranian Centre for Translation of the Holy Qur'an . The Qur'an : A New Translation ( 2004 ) by a well - known California - based translator of numerous Buddhist works , Dr. Thomas Cleary . Based on an earlier , partial translation , which was highly praised by the famous American Muslim scholar Hamza Yusuf . The Qur'an ( 2004 ) , by M.A.S. Abdel - Haleem , is published by Oxford World Classics . The Quran : A Reformist Translation ( 2007 ) , is a recent translation by the team of Edip Yuksel , Layth Saleh al - Shaiban , and Martha Schulte - Nafeh . They claim to offer a non-sexist understanding of the text . The Sublime Qur'an ( 2007 ) is by Laleh Bakhtiar , and it was claimed to be the first translation of the Qur'an by an American woman ( individually , Sahih international ( 1997 ) was translated by three American women ) . The Qur'an ( 2007 ) , a recent translation by the retired Oxford University lecturer and Arabist Alan Jones . The Qur'an with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English ( 2007 ) by Ali \u00dcnal . The translator is a member of the G\u00fclen Movement , a Turkish Islamic group . Quran Made Easy ( 2007 ) is a translation by Mufti Afzal Hoosen Elias . The Meanings of the Noble Qur'an with Explanatory Notes ( 2007 ) , 2 volumes , revised with Indo - Pak Arabic Script ( 2016 ) , is a translation by Pakistani leading scholar Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani . ( A single - volume edition is also available . ) The Gracious Qur'an : A Modern Phrased Interpretation in English ( 2008 ) by Dr. Ahmad Zaki Hammad , of Egypt 's Al - Azhar University . The Message - A Translation of the Glorious Qur'an ( 2008 ) was translated by the Monotheistic Group , which claims to be a group of progressive Muslims . The Qur'an : A New Translation ( 2008 ) by Tarif Khalidi , a professor of Islamic Studies at the American University of Beirut . The translation is published by Penguin Classics . The Generous Qur'an ( 2009 ) is a translation by Usama Dakdok , an Arabic - speaking Christian . The Quran : Translation and Commentary with Parallel Arabic Text ( 2009 ) by Maulana Wahiduddin Khan . Published in India . Irfan ul Quran ( 2009 ) is a translation by the Pakistani scholar Muhammad Tahir - ul - Qadri . It was released together with an Urdu translation of the same name by Minhaj - ul - Quran Publications . The Holy Qur'an : Guidance for Life ( 2010 ) is a translation by the American Muslim writer Yahiya Emerick , who has also published the Complete Idiot 's Guide to Understanding Islam . The Easy Qur'an. ( 2010 ) by Imtiaz Ahmad . Published by Tawheed Center of Farmington Hills . ISBN 978 - 603 - 00 - 6359 - 8 The Qur'an ( 2011 ) , translated into American English by the Bangalore resident Nazeer Ahmed . The Glorious Qur'an ( 2011 ) is a translation by the Pakistani scholar Muhammad Tahir - ul - Qadri . It was published in the UK by Minhaj - ul - Quran Publications . The Qur'an as It Explains Itself ( 5th edition , Mar 2012 ) is a translation by Dr. Shabbir Ahmed that attempts to explain Qur'anic verses by cross-references within the Qur'an . The Wise Qur'an : A Modern English Translation ( 2012 ) is a translation by the Chicago - based writer and lecturer Dr. Assad Nimer Busool . Quran in English : Clear and Easy to Read ( 2012 ) . Translated by Talal Itani . Published by ClearQuran . What is in the Quran ? Message of the Quran in Simple English ( 2013 ) . Translated by Professor Abdur Raheem Kidwai , Aligarh Muslim University . Published by Viva Books , New Delhi , India . ISBN 978 - 81 - 309 - 2363 - 5 . Holy Qur'an : Text & Translation. ( 2014 ) An ongoing , partially published translation , translated by Yasin T. al - Jibouri , an Iraqi - American writer , editor and translator who also previously worked on editing various translations of Qur'an . The Clear Quran : A Thematic English Translation ( 2015 ) by Dr. Mustafa Khattab ( Al - Azhar University ) . Published by SirajPublications.com ISBN 978 - 0 - 9948895 - 0 - 8 The Study Quran : A New Translation and Commentary ( 2015 ) . Seyyed Hossein Nasr , University Professor of Islamic Studies at George Washington University , editor - in - chief ; Caner K. Dagli , Maria Massi Dakake , Joseph E.B. Lumbard , general editors ; Mohammed Rustom , assistant editor . Featuring verse - by - verse commentaries and essays by both Shiite and Sunni scholars . Published by HarperOne , ISBN 978 - 0061125867 The Magnificent Qur'an : A 21st Century English Translation ( 2016 ) is a conceptual translation by Ali Salami , Professor of Translation Studies and English Literature at the University of Tehran . Published by Leilah Publication , Arizona . ISBN 099633386X The Quran : God 's Message to Mankind . New Millennium Exposition - an exegesis for the 21st . Century with Quindex . English . ( 2016 ) by Paigham Mustafa . Annotated throughout with Quranic concepts section . Publisher ( UK ) Xeitre - Signat ISBN 978 - 0 - 9955098 - 4 - 9 . The Qur'an : Treasure of the Faith of Islam . Sacred Arabic Text and Parallel Transliteration . English Translation and Paraphrasing by Dr. Badr Hashemi . Six volumes ( 2016 ) . Published by the Holy Qur'an Research Foundation ( Trust ) in Islamabad , PK . Noor Al Bayan . english. ( 2018 ) by Dr. Sayed Jumaa Salam. Publisher ( CA ) Salam Educational Center ISBN 978 - 1630750381","sentences":["Translation and Commentary on The Holy Quran ( 2000 ) , a 1,256 page work by the Indian - Bengali translator Dr. Zohurul Hoque .","The Majestic Qur'an : An English Rendition of Its Meanings ( 2000 ) was translated by a committee that included the Cambridge professor Timothy Winter , the American Muslim writer Uthman Hutchinson , and Mostafa al - Badawi .","It is published by Starlatch Press .","The Qur'an in Persian and English ( Bilingual Edition , 2001 ) features an English translation by the Iranian poet and author Tahere Saffarzadeh .","The Qur'an ( 2002 ) , by the UK - based Afghan - born writer M.J. Gohari , is an Oxford Logos Society imprint .","`` Quran - The Living Truth '' ( 2003 ) by Shaikh Basheer Ahmed Muhuyiddin )","The Tajwidi Qur'an ( 2003 ) is a translation by an American Muslim convert , Nooruddeen Durkee .","It presents the Arabic text using a romanized transliteration system that allows English - speaking readers to pronounce the Arabic .","The English translation is an amalgamation of other translations .","The Qur'an with an English Paraphrase ( 2003 ) , a translation by Indian - born Sayyid Ali Quli Qara'i , is an imprint of the Iranian Centre for Translation of the Holy Qur'an .","The Qur'an : A New Translation ( 2004 ) by a well - known California - based translator of numerous Buddhist works , Dr. Thomas Cleary .","Based on an earlier , partial translation , which was highly praised by the famous American Muslim scholar Hamza Yusuf .","The Qur'an ( 2004 ) , by M.A.S. Abdel - Haleem , is published by Oxford World Classics .","The Quran : A Reformist Translation ( 2007 ) , is a recent translation by the team of Edip Yuksel , Layth Saleh al - Shaiban , and Martha Schulte - Nafeh .","They claim to offer a non-sexist understanding of the text .","The Sublime Qur'an ( 2007 ) is by Laleh Bakhtiar , and it was claimed to be the first translation of the Qur'an by an American woman ( individually , Sahih international ( 1997 ) was translated by three American women ) .","The Qur'an ( 2007 ) , a recent translation by the retired Oxford University lecturer and Arabist Alan Jones .","The Qur'an with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English ( 2007 ) by Ali \u00dcnal .","The translator is a member of the G\u00fclen Movement , a Turkish Islamic group .","Quran Made Easy ( 2007 ) is a translation by Mufti Afzal Hoosen Elias .","The Meanings of the Noble Qur'an with Explanatory Notes ( 2007 ) , 2 volumes , revised with Indo - Pak Arabic Script ( 2016 ) , is a translation by Pakistani leading scholar Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani .","( A single - volume edition is also available . )","The Gracious Qur'an : A Modern Phrased Interpretation in English ( 2008 ) by Dr. Ahmad Zaki Hammad , of Egypt 's Al - Azhar University .","The Message - A Translation of the Glorious Qur'an ( 2008 ) was translated by the Monotheistic Group , which claims to be a group of progressive Muslims .","The Qur'an : A New Translation ( 2008 ) by Tarif Khalidi , a professor of Islamic Studies at the American University of Beirut .","The translation is published by Penguin Classics .","The Generous Qur'an ( 2009 ) is a translation by Usama Dakdok , an Arabic - speaking Christian .","The Quran : Translation and Commentary with Parallel Arabic Text ( 2009 ) by Maulana Wahiduddin Khan .","Published in India .","Irfan ul Quran ( 2009 ) is a translation by the Pakistani scholar Muhammad Tahir - ul - Qadri .","It was released together with an Urdu translation of the same name by Minhaj - ul - Quran Publications .","The Holy Qur'an : Guidance for Life ( 2010 ) is a translation by the American Muslim writer Yahiya Emerick , who has also published the Complete Idiot 's Guide to Understanding Islam .","The Easy Qur'an.","( 2010 ) by Imtiaz Ahmad .","Published by Tawheed Center of Farmington Hills .","ISBN 978 - 603 - 00 - 6359 - 8 The Qur'an ( 2011 ) , translated into American English by the Bangalore resident Nazeer Ahmed .","The Glorious Qur'an ( 2011 ) is a translation by the Pakistani scholar Muhammad Tahir - ul - Qadri .","It was published in the UK by Minhaj - ul - Quran Publications .","The Qur'an as It Explains Itself ( 5th edition , Mar 2012 ) is a translation by Dr. Shabbir Ahmed that attempts to explain Qur'anic verses by cross-references within the Qur'an .","The Wise Qur'an : A Modern English Translation ( 2012 ) is a translation by the Chicago - based writer and lecturer Dr. Assad Nimer Busool .","Quran in English :","Clear and Easy to Read ( 2012 ) .","Translated by Talal Itani .","Published by ClearQuran .","What is in the Quran ?","Message of the Quran in Simple English ( 2013 ) .","Translated by Professor Abdur Raheem Kidwai , Aligarh Muslim University .","Published by Viva Books , New Delhi , India .","ISBN 978 - 81 - 309 - 2363 - 5 .","Holy Qur'an :","Text & Translation.","( 2014 )","An ongoing , partially published translation , translated by Yasin T. al - Jibouri , an Iraqi - American writer , editor and translator who also previously worked on editing various translations of Qur'an .","The Clear Quran :","A Thematic English Translation ( 2015 ) by Dr. Mustafa Khattab ( Al - Azhar University ) .","Published by SirajPublications.com ISBN 978 - 0 - 9948895 - 0 - 8","The Study Quran : A New Translation and Commentary ( 2015 ) .","Seyyed Hossein Nasr , University Professor of Islamic Studies at George Washington University , editor - in - chief ; Caner K. Dagli , Maria Massi Dakake , Joseph E.B. Lumbard , general editors ; Mohammed Rustom , assistant editor .","Featuring verse - by - verse commentaries and essays by both Shiite and Sunni scholars .","Published by HarperOne , ISBN 978 - 0061125867","The Magnificent Qur'an : A 21st Century English Translation ( 2016 ) is a conceptual translation by Ali Salami , Professor of Translation Studies and English Literature at the University of Tehran .","Published by Leilah Publication , Arizona .","ISBN 099633386X","The Quran : God 's Message to Mankind .","New Millennium Exposition - an exegesis for the 21st .","Century with Quindex .","English .","( 2016 ) by Paigham Mustafa .","Annotated throughout with Quranic concepts section .","Publisher ( UK ) Xeitre - Signat ISBN 978 - 0 - 9955098 - 4 - 9 .","The Qur'an : Treasure of the Faith of Islam .","Sacred Arabic Text and Parallel Transliteration .","English Translation and Paraphrasing by Dr. Badr Hashemi .","Six volumes ( 2016 ) .","Published by the Holy Qur'an Research Foundation ( Trust ) in Islamabad , PK .","Noor Al Bayan .","english.","( 2018 )","by Dr. Sayed Jumaa Salam.","Publisher ( CA )","Salam Educational Center ISBN 978 - 1630750381"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"295097421407197647","input":"who has better vision a hawk or eagle","passages":[{"title":"Eagle eye","text":"Eagles blink up as their top eyelid is larger than the bottom one ; the additional inner eyelid is known as a nictitating membrane , which `` grows in the inner corner of the eye , next to the tear duct '' . Eagle tears moisten the eyes and contain the chemical lysozyme which protects against salt water and also destroys bacteria , thus preventing eye infections . The nictitating membrane acts a sweeping wiper across the eye . The eagle iris is a pale yellow colour , much lighter than human eyes . Both eagles and humans have a white area called the sclera , but in the case of eagles , it is hidden below the eyelid . Eyelid openings are oval - shaped in humans , while they are round in the case of birds ' eyes .","sentences":["Eagles blink up as their top eyelid is larger than the bottom one ; the additional inner eyelid is known as a nictitating membrane , which `` grows in the inner corner of the eye , next to the tear duct '' .","Eagle tears moisten the eyes and contain the chemical lysozyme which protects against salt water and also destroys bacteria , thus preventing eye infections .","The nictitating membrane acts a sweeping wiper across the eye .","The eagle iris is a pale yellow colour , much lighter than human eyes .","Both eagles and humans have a white area called the sclera , but in the case of eagles , it is hidden below the eyelid .","Eyelid openings are oval - shaped in humans , while they are round in the case of birds ' eyes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6543883656217975257","input":"when will avengers infinity war be released in india","passages":[{"title":"Avengers: Infinity War","text":"The film remained number one in its second weekend , earning $115.5 million , which was the second - best second weekend ever after The Force Awakens ( $149.2 million ) . Infinity War also surpassed $400 million in the weekend , doing so in nine days , becoming the second fastest film to reach that mark , again after The Force Awakens 's eight days . In its third weekend , Infinity War remained number one at the box office , and became the second - fastest film to surpass $500 million , doing so in 15 days ( behind The Force Awakens 's 10 days ) . The weekend also saw its total domestic IMAX gross become $48.1 million , which was the highest for any MCU film . The film 's fourth weekend saw it come in second , behind Deadpool 2 , and in its fifth it finished third behind Solo : A Star Wars Story and Deadpool 2 . By May 23 , Infinity War surpassed $600 million , becoming the second - fastest film to do so in 26 days , after The Force Awakens ( 12 days ) . It placed fourth in its sixth weekend , fifth in its seventh , and eighth in its eighth . It is the fourth highest - grossing film of all time , and the second highest - grossing superhero film . The film is projected to gross $650 -- 675 million for its total final domestic gross . Other","sentences":["The film remained number one in its second weekend , earning $115.5 million , which was the second - best second weekend ever after The Force Awakens ( $149.2 million ) .","Infinity War also surpassed $400 million in the weekend , doing so in nine days , becoming the second fastest film to reach that mark , again after The Force Awakens 's eight days .","In its third weekend , Infinity War remained number one at the box office , and became the second - fastest film to surpass $500 million , doing so in 15 days ( behind The Force Awakens 's 10 days ) .","The weekend also saw its total domestic IMAX gross become $48.1 million , which was the highest for any MCU film .","The film 's fourth weekend saw it come in second , behind Deadpool 2 , and in its fifth it finished third behind Solo : A Star Wars Story and Deadpool 2 .","By May 23 , Infinity War surpassed $600 million , becoming the second - fastest film to do so in 26 days , after The Force Awakens ( 12 days ) .","It placed fourth in its sixth weekend , fifth in its seventh , and eighth in its eighth .","It is the fourth highest - grossing film of all time , and the second highest - grossing superhero film .","The film is projected to gross $650 -- 675 million for its total final domestic gross .","Other"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8522617882442552682","input":"difference between south dakota class and iowa class","passages":[{"title":"Iowa-class battleship","text":"The Iowas had heavily protected main battery turrets , with the turret face armor of 19.5 inches ( 495 mm ) combination of Class B and STS and turret sides of 9.5 inches ( 241 mm ) Class A and turret rear of 12 inches ( 305 mm ) Class A . The conning tower and the turret barbettes armor is up to 17.3 inches ( 439 mm ) thick Class A and Class B respectively . The propulsion shafts and steering gear had considerable protection , with a 13.5 - inch ( 340 mm ) Class A side strake behind the citadel .","sentences":["The Iowas had heavily protected main battery turrets , with the turret face armor of 19.5 inches ( 495 mm ) combination of Class B and STS and turret sides of 9.5 inches ( 241 mm )","Class A and turret rear of 12 inches ( 305 mm )","Class A .","The conning tower and the turret barbettes armor is up to 17.3 inches ( 439 mm ) thick Class A and Class B respectively .","The propulsion shafts and steering gear had considerable protection , with a 13.5 - inch ( 340 mm )","Class A side strake behind the citadel ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4274651740704057047","input":"how do you explain the successes and failures of the soviet union and russia in these two wars","passages":[{"title":"Foreign relations of the Soviet Union","text":"Many Western analysts have examined the way Soviet behavior in various regions and countries supported the general goals of Soviet foreign policy . These analysts have assessed Soviet behavior in the 1970s and 1980s as placing primary emphasis on relations with the United States , which was considered the foremost threat to the national security of the Soviet Union . Second priority was given to relations with Eastern Europe ( the other members of the Warsaw Pact ) and Western Europe ( the European members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization -- NATO ) . Third priority was given to the littoral or propinquitous states along the southern border of the Soviet Union : Turkey ( a NATO member ) , Iran , Afghanistan , People 's Republic of China , Mongolia , the Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( North Korea ) , and Japan . Regions near to , but not bordering , the Soviet Union were assigned fourth priority . These included the Middle East and North Africa , South Asia , and Southeast Asia . Last priority was given to sub-Saharan Africa , the islands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans , and Latin America , except insofar as these regions either provided opportunities for strategic basing or bordered on strategic naval straits or sea lanes . In general , Soviet foreign policy was most concerned with superpower relations ( and , more broadly , relations between the members of NATO and the Warsaw Pact ) , but during the 1980s Soviet leaders pursued improved relations with all regions of the world as part of its foreign policy objectives .","sentences":["Many Western analysts have examined the way Soviet behavior in various regions and countries supported the general goals of Soviet foreign policy .","These analysts have assessed Soviet behavior in the 1970s and 1980s as placing primary emphasis on relations with the United States , which was considered the foremost threat to the national security of the Soviet Union .","Second priority was given to relations with Eastern Europe ( the other members of the Warsaw Pact ) and Western Europe ( the European members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization -- NATO ) .","Third priority was given to the littoral or propinquitous states along the southern border of the Soviet Union : Turkey ( a NATO member ) , Iran , Afghanistan , People 's Republic of China , Mongolia , the Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( North Korea ) , and Japan .","Regions near to , but not bordering , the Soviet Union were assigned fourth priority .","These included the Middle East and North Africa , South Asia , and Southeast Asia .","Last priority was given to sub-Saharan Africa , the islands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans , and Latin America , except insofar as these regions either provided opportunities for strategic basing or bordered on strategic naval straits or sea lanes .","In general , Soviet foreign policy was most concerned with superpower relations ( and , more broadly , relations between the members of NATO and the Warsaw Pact ) , but during the 1980s Soviet leaders pursued improved relations with all regions of the world as part of its foreign policy objectives ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2221794880712487445","input":"why is ottawa the capital city of canada","passages":[{"title":"Ottawa","text":"( show ) Climate data for Ottawa ( Central Experimental Farm ) , 1981 -- 2010 normals , extremes 1872 -- present Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 15.6 ( 60.1 ) 12.7 ( 54.9 ) 26.7 ( 80.1 ) 31.2 ( 88.2 ) 35.2 ( 95.4 ) 36.7 ( 98.1 ) 37.8 ( 100 ) 37.8 ( 100 ) 36.7 ( 98.1 ) 29.4 ( 84.9 ) 23.3 ( 73.9 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 37.8 ( 100 ) Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 5.8 ( 21.6 ) \u2212 3.1 ( 26.4 ) 2.4 ( 36.3 ) 11.4 ( 52.5 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 24.1 ( 75.4 ) 26.6 ( 79.9 ) 25.4 ( 77.7 ) 20.5 ( 68.9 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 5.5 ( 41.9 ) \u2212 2.0 ( 28.4 ) 11.4 ( 52.5 ) Daily mean \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 10.2 ( 13.6 ) \u2212 7.9 ( 17.8 ) \u2212 2.2 ( 28 ) 6.5 ( 43.7 ) 13.5 ( 56.3 ) 18.7 ( 65.7 ) 21.2 ( 70.2 ) 19.9 ( 67.8 ) 15.3 ( 59.5 ) 8.4 ( 47.1 ) 2.0 ( 35.6 ) \u2212 5.6 ( 21.9 ) 6.6 ( 43.9 ) Average low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 14.4 ( 6.1 ) \u2212 12.5 ( 9.5 ) \u2212 6.8 ( 19.8 ) 1.5 ( 34.7 ) 8.0 ( 46.4 ) 13.3 ( 55.9 ) 15.7 ( 60.3 ) 14.5 ( 58.1 ) 10.1 ( 50.2 ) 4.0 ( 39.2 ) \u2212 1.5 ( 29.3 ) \u2212 9.2 ( 15.4 ) 1.9 ( 35.4 ) Record low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 37.8 ( \u2212 36 ) \u2212 38.3 ( \u2212 36.9 ) \u2212 36.7 ( \u2212 34.1 ) \u2212 20.6 ( \u2212 5.1 ) \u2212 7.2 ( 19 ) 0.0 ( 32 ) 3.3 ( 37.9 ) 1.1 ( 34 ) \u2212 4.4 ( 24.1 ) \u2212 12.8 ( 9 ) \u2212 30.6 ( \u2212 23.1 ) \u2212 38.9 ( \u2212 38 ) \u2212 38.9 ( \u2212 38 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 62.9 ( 2.476 ) 49.7 ( 1.957 ) 57.5 ( 2.264 ) 71.1 ( 2.799 ) 86.6 ( 3.409 ) 92.7 ( 3.65 ) 84.4 ( 3.323 ) 83.8 ( 3.299 ) 92.7 ( 3.65 ) 85.9 ( 3.382 ) 82.7 ( 3.256 ) 69.5 ( 2.736 ) 919.5 ( 36.201 ) Average rainfall mm ( inches ) 23.0 ( 0.906 ) 17.9 ( 0.705 ) 28.8 ( 1.134 ) 63.2 ( 2.488 ) 86.6 ( 3.409 ) 92.7 ( 3.65 ) 84.4 ( 3.323 ) 83.8 ( 3.299 ) 92.7 ( 3.65 ) 83.1 ( 3.272 ) 67.5 ( 2.657 ) 31.9 ( 1.256 ) 755.5 ( 29.744 ) Average snowfall cm ( inches ) 44.3 ( 17.44 ) 34.7 ( 13.66 ) 29.1 ( 11.46 ) 7.2 ( 2.83 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 2.9 ( 1.14 ) 16.0 ( 6.3 ) 41.3 ( 16.26 ) 175.4 ( 69.06 ) Average precipitation days ( \u2265 0.2 mm ) 16.0 11.7 11.5 13.2 14.5 12.4 11.6 11.2 12.9 14.9 15.2 15.6 160.7 Average rainy days ( \u2265 0.2 mm ) 3.7 3.5 5.5 11.5 14.4 12.4 11.6 11.2 12.9 14.6 11.6 5.5 118.3 Average snowy days ( \u2265 0.2 cm ) 14.1 9.7 7.4 2.7 0.08 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.81 5.1 12.2 52.0 Mean monthly sunshine hours 99.3 131.3 167.1 189.8 229.8 254.2 279.0 249.3 177.6 139.4 84.3 82.6 2,083.7 Percent possible sunshine 35.0 44.9 45.3 46.9 49.9 54.3 58.9 57.1 47.1 41.0 29.4 30.3 45.0 Source : Environment Canada","sentences":["( show )","Climate data for Ottawa ( Central Experimental Farm ) , 1981 -- 2010 normals , extremes 1872 -- present Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) 15.6 ( 60.1 ) 12.7 ( 54.9 ) 26.7 ( 80.1 ) 31.2 ( 88.2 ) 35.2 ( 95.4 ) 36.7 ( 98.1 ) 37.8","( 100 ) 37.8 ( 100 ) 36.7 ( 98.1 ) 29.4","( 84.9 ) 23.3 ( 73.9 ) 17.2 ( 63 ) 37.8 ( 100 )","Average high \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 5.8 ( 21.6 )","\u2212 3.1 ( 26.4 ) 2.4 ( 36.3 ) 11.4","( 52.5 ) 19.0 ( 66.2 ) 24.1 ( 75.4 ) 26.6 ( 79.9 ) 25.4 ( 77.7 ) 20.5 ( 68.9 ) 12.8 ( 55 ) 5.5 ( 41.9 ) \u2212 2.0 ( 28.4 )","11.4 ( 52.5 ) Daily mean \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 10.2 ( 13.6 )","\u2212 7.9 ( 17.8 )","\u2212 2.2 ( 28 ) 6.5 ( 43.7 ) 13.5","( 56.3 ) 18.7","( 65.7 ) 21.2 ( 70.2 ) 19.9","( 67.8 ) 15.3 ( 59.5 ) 8.4 ( 47.1 ) 2.0 ( 35.6 )","\u2212 5.6 ( 21.9 ) 6.6 ( 43.9 )","Average low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 14.4 ( 6.1 ) \u2212 12.5 ( 9.5 ) \u2212 6.8 ( 19.8 ) 1.5 ( 34.7 ) 8.0","( 46.4 ) 13.3 ( 55.9 ) 15.7 ( 60.3 ) 14.5","( 58.1 ) 10.1","( 50.2 ) 4.0 ( 39.2 )","\u2212 1.5 ( 29.3 ) \u2212 9.2 ( 15.4 ) 1.9","( 35.4 ) Record low \u00b0 C ( \u00b0 F ) \u2212 37.8 ( \u2212 36 ) \u2212 38.3 ( \u2212 36.9 )","\u2212 36.7 ( \u2212 34.1 ) \u2212 20.6 ( \u2212 5.1 ) \u2212 7.2 ( 19 ) 0.0 ( 32 ) 3.3 ( 37.9 ) 1.1 ( 34 ) \u2212 4.4 ( 24.1 ) \u2212 12.8 ( 9 ) \u2212 30.6 ( \u2212 23.1 ) \u2212 38.9 ( \u2212 38 ) \u2212 38.9 ( \u2212 38 ) Average precipitation mm ( inches ) 62.9 ( 2.476 ) 49.7","( 1.957 ) 57.5","( 2.264 ) 71.1 ( 2.799 ) 86.6 ( 3.409 ) 92.7","( 3.65 ) 84.4 ( 3.323 ) 83.8","( 3.299 ) 92.7 ( 3.65 ) 85.9 ( 3.382 ) 82.7","( 3.256 )","69.5 ( 2.736 ) 919.5 ( 36.201 )","Average rainfall mm ( inches ) 23.0","( 0.906 ) 17.9 ( 0.705 ) 28.8 ( 1.134 ) 63.2 ( 2.488 ) 86.6 ( 3.409 )","92.7 ( 3.65 ) 84.4 ( 3.323 ) 83.8","( 3.299 ) 92.7 ( 3.65 ) 83.1 ( 3.272 )","67.5 ( 2.657 )","31.9 ( 1.256 ) 755.5 ( 29.744 ) Average snowfall cm ( inches ) 44.3 ( 17.44 ) 34.7 ( 13.66 ) 29.1 ( 11.46 ) 7.2 ( 2.83 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 0.0 ( 0 ) 2.9 ( 1.14 ) 16.0","( 6.3 ) 41.3 ( 16.26 ) 175.4 ( 69.06 )","Average precipitation days ( \u2265 0.2 mm ) 16.0 11.7 11.5 13.2 14.5 12.4 11.6 11.2 12.9 14.9 15.2 15.6 160.7 Average rainy days ( \u2265 0.2 mm ) 3.7 3.5 5.5 11.5 14.4 12.4 11.6 11.2 12.9 14.6 11.6 5.5 118.3 Average snowy days ( \u2265 0.2 cm ) 14.1 9.7 7.4 2.7 0.08 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.81 5.1 12.2 52.0 Mean monthly sunshine hours 99.3 131.3 167.1 189.8 229.8 254.2 279.0 249.3 177.6 139.4 84.3 82.6 2,083.7 Percent possible sunshine 35.0 44.9 45.3 46.9 49.9 54.3 58.9 57.1 47.1 41.0 29.4 30.3 45.0 Source : Environment Canada"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7897080149053348770","input":"who does ellen degeneres play in finding dory","passages":[{"title":"Finding Dory","text":"In a July 2013 interview with Los Angeles Times , Stanton spoke of the sequel 's origin : `` There was polite inquiry from Disney ( about a Finding Nemo sequel ) . I was always ' No sequels , no sequels . ' But I had to get on board from a VP standpoint . ( Sequels ) are part of the necessity of our staying afloat , but we do n't want to have to go there for those reasons . We want to go there creatively , so we said ( to Disney ) , ' Can you give us the timeline about when we release them ? Because we 'd like to release something we actually want to make , and we might not come up with it the year you want it . ' ''","sentences":["In a July 2013 interview with Los Angeles Times , Stanton spoke of the sequel 's origin : `` There was polite inquiry from Disney ( about a Finding Nemo sequel ) .","I was always ' No sequels , no sequels . '","But I had to get on board from a VP standpoint .","( Sequels ) are part of the necessity of our staying afloat , but we do n't want to have to go there for those reasons .","We want to go there creatively , so we said ( to Disney ) , ' Can you give us the timeline about when we release them ?","Because we 'd like to release something we actually want to make , and we might not come up with it the year you want it . ' ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3537390816684240377","input":"do all states have to pay federal taxes","passages":[{"title":"Taxation in the United States","text":"Source and Method This is a spreadsheet . To replicate ; write the standard deduction in cell B2 and name it ak_1 . Write and name the taxable income brackets plus 12,700 each in this column . In cells D2 to D8 , write and name the marginal interest ( ar_1 to 7 ) . Starting at cell B14 , write the income column . Copy this formula :","sentences":["Source and Method","This is a spreadsheet .","To replicate ; write the standard deduction in cell B2 and name it ak_1 .","Write and name the taxable income brackets plus 12,700 each in this column .","In cells D2 to D8 , write and name the marginal interest ( ar_1 to 7 ) .","Starting at cell B14 , write the income column .","Copy this formula :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4862240010449993160","input":"what was the inspiration for cindy sherman\u2019s untitled film stills series","passages":[{"title":"Untitled Film Stills","text":"Untitled Film Stills is a series of sixty - nine black and white photographs by American visual artist Cindy Sherman from 1977 - 1980 , which gained her international recognition . The artist poses in various stereotypical female roles inspired by 1950 's and 60 's Hollywood , Film noir , B movies , and European art - house films . They represent clich\u00e9s or feminine types ( the office girl , bombshell , girl on the run , housewife , and so on ) `` that are deeply embedded in the cultural imagination . '' The character in all of these photographs are always looking away from the camera and outside of the frame . Sherman casts herself in each of these roles , becoming both the artist and subject in the work. The art historian Rosalind Krauss described this series as `` copies without originals '' . All of the images are untitled , as Sherman wanted to preserve their ambiguity . The numbers affiliated with individual works of art are assigned by her gallery , mainly as a cataloguing system . In December 1995 , The Museum of Modern Art ( MOMA ) acquired all sixty - nine black - and - white photographs in the series . In past exhibitions at MOMA , the photographs are neither hung chronologically , nor grouped according to theme , locale , or content . Modest in scale compared to Sherman 's later cibachrome photographs , they are all 8 1 \/ 2 by 11 inches , each displayed in identical , simple black frames . The glossy finish and scale are meant to reference publicity or promotion stills for a movie . In the essay The Making of Untitled , Cindy Sherman reflects on her beginnings with this series :","sentences":["Untitled Film Stills is a series of sixty - nine black and white photographs by American visual artist Cindy Sherman from 1977 - 1980 , which gained her international recognition .","The artist poses in various stereotypical female roles inspired by 1950 's and 60 's Hollywood , Film noir , B movies , and European art - house films .","They represent clich\u00e9s or feminine types ( the office girl , bombshell , girl on the run , housewife , and so on ) `` that are deeply embedded in the cultural imagination . ''","The character in all of these photographs are always looking away from the camera and outside of the frame .","Sherman casts herself in each of these roles , becoming both the artist and subject in the work.","The art historian Rosalind Krauss described this series as `` copies without originals '' .","All of the images are untitled , as Sherman wanted to preserve their ambiguity .","The numbers affiliated with individual works of art are assigned by her gallery , mainly as a cataloguing system .","In December 1995 , The Museum of Modern Art ( MOMA ) acquired all sixty - nine black - and - white photographs in the series .","In past exhibitions at MOMA , the photographs are neither hung chronologically , nor grouped according to theme , locale , or content .","Modest in scale compared to Sherman 's later cibachrome photographs , they are all 8 1 \/ 2 by 11 inches , each displayed in identical , simple black frames .","The glossy finish and scale are meant to reference publicity or promotion stills for a movie .","In the essay The Making of Untitled , Cindy Sherman reflects on her beginnings with this series :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4280868089089016369","input":"when is if loving you is wrong finale","passages":[{"title":"List of If Loving You Is Wrong episodes","text":"No. in series No. in season Title Original air date U.S. viewers ( million ) 65 `` A Difficult Path '' September 19 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 19 ) 1.89 In the season four premiere , the Maxine community is left unsteady after an incident endangers the lives of all the children in the neighborhood . 66 `` Justice '' September 26 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 26 ) 1.70 Kelly finds herself in legal trouble that endangers her freedom . Randal continues to antagonize Marcie and Brad . 67 `` In Distress '' October 3 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 03 ) 1.93 Lushion tries get Kelly out a horrible situation . 68 `` Enemy Secrets '' October 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 10 ) 1.81 Kelly gets help for her legal troubles . Eddie declares war against Steven and Lushion . 69 5 `` A Taste Of Freedom '' October 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 17 ) 1.84 Randall continues his intensified harassment on all his neighbors , especially those of Brad and Alex . 70 6 `` Falling '' October 24 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 24 ) 1.79 Brad seeks revenge against Randall , almost injuring him seriously . Much to Randall 's dismay , it 's not giving him much help by calling the police . 71 7 `` Something Is Rotten '' November 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 07 ) 1.72 Randall secretly undermines Marcie in her attempts to seek legal counsel against him ; Also , Eddie surprises Esperanza and is shocked in anger by his discovery . 72 8 `` Dark Intentions '' November 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 14 ) 1.79 Lushion comes to Kelly 's aid by going after Travis ; Steven reveals his true feelings to Esperanza . 73 9 `` Chains , Guns , and Automobiles '' November 21 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 21 ) 1.77 Larry , the attorney , mistakenly breaks Marcie 's confidence , leaving Marcie in great peril . Travis goes after Kelly in the dead of night . 74 10 `` A Dame In Distress '' January 10 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 10 ) TBD Randall enacts a terrible game of vengeance against Eddie ; Eddie must depend on Lushion to call for help .","sentences":["No. in series No. in season Title Original air date U.S. viewers ( million ) 65","`` A Difficult Path '' September 19 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 19 ) 1.89 In the season four premiere , the Maxine community is left unsteady after an incident endangers the lives of all the children in the neighborhood .","66","`` Justice '' September 26 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 26 ) 1.70","Kelly finds herself in legal trouble that endangers her freedom .","Randal continues to antagonize Marcie and Brad .","67 `` In Distress '' October 3 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 03 ) 1.93 Lushion tries get Kelly out a horrible situation .","68 `` Enemy Secrets '' October 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 10 ) 1.81","Kelly gets help for her legal troubles .","Eddie declares war against Steven and Lushion .","69 5 `` A Taste Of Freedom '' October 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 17 ) 1.84 Randall continues his intensified harassment on all his neighbors , especially those of Brad and Alex .","70 6 `` Falling '' October 24 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 24 ) 1.79 Brad seeks revenge against Randall , almost injuring him seriously .","Much to Randall 's dismay , it 's not giving him much help by calling the police .","71 7 `` Something Is Rotten '' November 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 07 ) 1.72 Randall secretly undermines Marcie in her attempts to seek legal counsel against him ; Also , Eddie surprises Esperanza and is shocked in anger by his discovery .","72 8 `` Dark Intentions '' November 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 14 ) 1.79 Lushion comes to Kelly 's aid by going after Travis ; Steven reveals his true feelings to Esperanza .","73 9 `` Chains , Guns , and Automobiles '' November 21 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 21 ) 1.77 Larry , the attorney , mistakenly breaks Marcie 's confidence , leaving Marcie in great peril .","Travis goes after Kelly in the dead of night .","74 10 `` A Dame In Distress '' January 10 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 10 ) TBD Randall enacts a terrible game of vengeance against Eddie ; Eddie must depend on Lushion to call for help ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2487780519056831822","input":"what does 45 with a line through it mean","passages":[{"title":"Slope","text":"m = \u0394 y \u0394 x ( \\ displaystyle m = ( \\ frac ( \\ Delta y ) ( \\ Delta x ) ) ) ,","sentences":["m","= \u0394 y \u0394","x","( \\ displaystyle m","=","( \\ frac ( \\ Delta y )","( \\ Delta x ) ) ) ,"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"760689595509747057","input":"when do liam and annie go to mexico","passages":[{"title":"90210 (season 5)","text":"In the special 100th episode , Naomi wants to get into a West Beverly High Alumni group , who are throwing an alumni event at the high school and does everything in her power to get in , such as donating a building , injuring her opponent in a football game , and throwing an after - party at the Playboy Mansion . When she meets the woman who has been disrupting her events , she finds out that in high school , she bullied the girl because she used to be overweight . She comes to the conclusion that being in the alumni group is not important to her because high school sucked and apologizes to every one of her fellow alumni that she has ever hurt by embarrassing herself . When she returns home , she finds out that Bryce played Max and got him fired from the company once again , hurting their fragile relationship . Teddy returns for the alumni event and tells Silver that Shane broke up with him . Shane shows up and reveals that Teddy has been ignoring him . Teddy tells Silver that he is scared of getting into a serious relationship due to what happened with him and Ian , so Silver decides to show Teddy that it is okay to face your fears by performing her burlesque act in front of everyone . Teddy and Shane decide to continue their relationship but Shane gets mad when he finds out Teddy and Silver are having a baby and tells him that they need to talk . Meanwhile , Dixon is happy when Adrianna signs with his record label until he finds the video of Adrianna kissing Taylor . When he confronts her about it , she tells Dixon that she slept with him . Predictably , Dixson takes the news very badly and breaks up with her . But before she leaves , Dixon tells her that even though they are no longer together , he still owns her due to her signing with his record label and decides to call it : Unfaithful Records , and he also plans on giving her a very hard time . Annie gets a double blast from the past when she sees her ruthless overachieving cousin , Emily , at the event and finds out she is now a successful blogger , making her feel like she is a failure . She also sees her former flame Jasper Herman , who wants to apologize to Liam for what happened between the three of them , two years ago . When Liam continues to get threats about Vanessa , he tells Annie about what happened to Vanessa and the two confront Jasper , who reveals he is now in film school and wants Liam to read his script as a sign of forgiveness , plus Jasper knows nothing about Vanessa . Liam accepts Jasper 's offer . Annie decides to start her own blog and writes about her relationship with Patrick . Liam forgives Navid and has him move into the Offshore while Liam moves to a new undetected house . It is revealed at the end of the episode , that Vanessa is indeed alive and enjoying herself , but it is still not made clear if she is the one behind the threats against Liam .","sentences":["In the special 100th episode , Naomi wants to get into a West Beverly High Alumni group , who are throwing an alumni event at the high school and does everything in her power to get in , such as donating a building , injuring her opponent in a football game , and throwing an after - party at the Playboy Mansion .","When she meets the woman who has been disrupting her events , she finds out that in high school , she bullied the girl because she used to be overweight .","She comes to the conclusion that being in the alumni group is not important to her because high school sucked and apologizes to every one of her fellow alumni that she has ever hurt by embarrassing herself .","When she returns home , she finds out that Bryce played Max and got him fired from the company once again , hurting their fragile relationship .","Teddy returns for the alumni event and tells Silver that Shane broke up with him .","Shane shows up and reveals that Teddy has been ignoring him .","Teddy tells Silver that he is scared of getting into a serious relationship due to what happened with him and Ian , so Silver decides to show Teddy that it is okay to face your fears by performing her burlesque act in front of everyone .","Teddy and Shane decide to continue their relationship but Shane gets mad when he finds out Teddy and Silver are having a baby and tells him that they need to talk .","Meanwhile , Dixon is happy when Adrianna signs with his record label until he finds the video of Adrianna kissing Taylor .","When he confronts her about it , she tells Dixon that she slept with him .","Predictably , Dixson takes the news very badly and breaks up with her .","But before she leaves , Dixon tells her that even though they are no longer together , he still owns her due to her signing with his record label and decides to call it : Unfaithful Records , and he also plans on giving her a very hard time .","Annie gets a double blast from the past when she sees her ruthless overachieving cousin , Emily , at the event and finds out she is now a successful blogger , making her feel like she is a failure .","She also sees her former flame Jasper Herman , who wants to apologize to Liam for what happened between the three of them , two years ago .","When Liam continues to get threats about Vanessa , he tells Annie about what happened to Vanessa and the two confront Jasper , who reveals he is now in film school and wants Liam to read his script as a sign of forgiveness , plus Jasper knows nothing about Vanessa .","Liam accepts Jasper 's offer .","Annie decides to start her own blog and writes about her relationship with Patrick .","Liam forgives Navid and has him move into the Offshore while Liam moves to a new undetected house .","It is revealed at the end of the episode , that Vanessa is indeed alive and enjoying herself , but it is still not made clear if she is the one behind the threats against Liam ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8838423164305231123","input":"how do the cycles of idealization and devaluation work","passages":[{"title":"Idealization and devaluation","text":"Otto Kernberg has provided an extensive discussion of idealization , both in its defensive and adaptive aspects . He conceptualised idealization as involving a denial of unwanted characteristics of an object , then enhancing the object by projecting one 's own libido or omnipotence on it . He proposed a developmental line with one end of the continuum being a normal form of idealization and the other end a pathological form . In the latter , the individual has a problem with object constancy and sees others as all good or all bad , thus bolstering idealization and devaluation . At this stage idealization is associated with borderline pathology . At the other end of the continuum , idealization is said to be a necessary precursor for feelings of mature love .","sentences":["Otto Kernberg has provided an extensive discussion of idealization , both in its defensive and adaptive aspects .","He conceptualised idealization as involving a denial of unwanted characteristics of an object , then enhancing the object by projecting one 's own libido or omnipotence on it .","He proposed a developmental line with one end of the continuum being a normal form of idealization and the other end a pathological form .","In the latter , the individual has a problem with object constancy and sees others as all good or all bad , thus bolstering idealization and devaluation .","At this stage idealization is associated with borderline pathology .","At the other end of the continuum , idealization is said to be a necessary precursor for feelings of mature love ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5411647099255394233","input":"where did the frank family go after leaving germany","passages":[{"title":"Frank Worsley","text":"Waiting for October was not acceptable to Shackleton who , desperately concerned for the men on Elephant Island , continued to search for a ship . The British Foreign Office prevailed on the governments of Uruguay , Chile and Argentina for a suitable vessel . The Uruguayans came forward with a small survey ship , and this was sailed to within sight of Elephant Island before it too had to turn back . An effort with an Argentinean vessel which set sail on 12 July also failed after three weeks of atrocious weather . Chile offered the use of the Yelcho , and on this steel - hulled steamer , Shackleton , Worsley and Crean set out with a crew on 25 August . Fortunately , in contrast to their previous attempt , the weather was mild and on 30 August , they reached Elephant Island where , to their great joy , they found all 22 men left behind alive . Within an hour all were retrieved and , not wanting to risk being trapped by ice , the Yelcho quickly departed for Punta Arenas , where it was greeted with great fanfare . Worsley later wrote : `` ... I was always sorry for the twenty - two men who lived in that horrible place for four months of misery while we were away on the boat journey , and the four attempts at rescue ending with their joyful relief . ''","sentences":["Waiting for October was not acceptable to Shackleton who , desperately concerned for the men on Elephant Island , continued to search for a ship .","The British Foreign Office prevailed on the governments of Uruguay , Chile and Argentina for a suitable vessel .","The Uruguayans came forward with a small survey ship , and this was sailed to within sight of Elephant Island before it too had to turn back .","An effort with an Argentinean vessel which set sail on 12 July also failed after three weeks of atrocious weather .","Chile offered the use of the Yelcho , and on this steel - hulled steamer , Shackleton , Worsley and Crean set out with a crew on 25 August .","Fortunately , in contrast to their previous attempt , the weather was mild and on 30 August , they reached Elephant Island where , to their great joy , they found all 22 men left behind alive .","Within an hour all were retrieved and , not wanting to risk being trapped by ice , the Yelcho quickly departed for Punta Arenas , where it was greeted with great fanfare .","Worsley later wrote : `` ...","I was always sorry for the twenty - two men who lived in that horrible place for four months of misery while we were away on the boat journey , and the four attempts at rescue ending with their joyful relief . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7265517678931298374","input":"describe and explain the age of materials around the mid-atlantic ridge","passages":[{"title":"Mid-Atlantic Ridge","text":"Ascension Island ( The Peak , Green Mountain , 859 m , at 07 \u00b0 59 \u2032 S 14 \u00b0 25 \u2032 W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 7.983 \u00b0 S 14.417 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ - 7.983 ; - 14.417 ) Saint Helena ( Diana 's Peak , 818 m at 15 \u00b0 57 \u2032 S 5 \u00b0 41 \u2032 W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 15.950 \u00b0 S 5.683 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ - 15.950 ; - 5.683 ) Tristan da Cunha ( Queen Mary 's Peak , 2062 m , at 37 \u00b0 05 \u2032 S 12 \u00b0 17 \u2032 W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.083 \u00b0 S 12.283 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ - 37.083 ; - 12.283 ) Gough Island ( Edinburgh Peak , 909 m , at 40 \u00b0 20 \u2032 S 10 \u00b0 00 \u2032 W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.333 \u00b0 S 10.000 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ - 40.333 ; - 10.000 ) Bouvet Island ( Olavtoppen , 780 m , at 54 \u00b0 24 \u2032 S 03 \u00b0 21 \u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 54.400 \u00b0 S 3.350 \u00b0 E \ufeff \/ - 54.400 ; 3.350 )","sentences":["Ascension Island ( The Peak , Green Mountain , 859 m , at 07 \u00b0 59 \u2032 S 14 \u00b0 25 \u2032 W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 7.983 \u00b0 S 14.417 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ - 7.983 ; - 14.417 )","Saint Helena ( Diana 's Peak , 818 m at 15 \u00b0 57 \u2032 S 5 \u00b0 41 \u2032 W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 15.950 \u00b0 S 5.683 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ - 15.950 ; - 5.683 )","Tristan da Cunha ( Queen Mary 's Peak , 2062 m , at 37 \u00b0 05","\u2032 S 12 \u00b0 17 \u2032 W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 37.083 \u00b0","S 12.283","\u00b0","W \ufeff \/ - 37.083 ; - 12.283 )","Gough Island ( Edinburgh Peak , 909 m , at 40 \u00b0 20 \u2032 S 10 \u00b0 00","\u2032 W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.333 \u00b0 S 10.000 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ - 40.333 ; - 10.000 ) Bouvet Island ( Olavtoppen , 780 m , at 54 \u00b0 24 \u2032 S 03 \u00b0 21","\u2032 E \ufeff \/ \ufeff 54.400 \u00b0 S 3.350 \u00b0","E \ufeff \/ - 54.400 ; 3.350 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"304241761503061071","input":"why were the grey anatomy doctors on a plane","passages":[{"title":"Arizona Robbins","text":"Robbins ranked seventh in a top ten list of gay characters on TV compiled by Jane Boursaw of TV Squad . Boursaw wrote : `` She 's a mix of ironies - a pediatrician who glides around the hospital on wheelies , impulsively kisses Callie , then tells her she does n't have time to teach a newbie how to be gay . Still , she 's more interesting than the other gays on this show , which are dwindling in numbers since Erica left for parts unknown . '' Commenting on Hahn 's abrupt departure from the show , Dorothy Snarker , writing for LGBT website AfterEllen.com observed of Robbins and Torres ' relationship : `` I ( ... ) ca n't help but be wary of how the Grey 's writers will handle this relationship . Jessica has proven lovely and likable in her brief screen time so far . But it 's not how the romance starts , but what happens next that really matters . '' AfterEllen.com also included Robbins in their poll of the Top 50 Lesbian and Bisexual Characters , ranking her at No. 3 and in their Top 50 Favorite Female TV Characters , placing her at No. 2 .","sentences":["Robbins ranked seventh in a top ten list of gay characters on TV compiled by Jane Boursaw of TV Squad .","Boursaw wrote : `` She 's a mix of ironies - a pediatrician who glides around the hospital on wheelies , impulsively kisses Callie , then tells her she does n't have time to teach a newbie how to be gay .","Still , she 's more interesting than the other gays on this show , which are dwindling in numbers since Erica left for parts unknown . ''","Commenting on Hahn 's abrupt departure from the show , Dorothy Snarker , writing for LGBT website AfterEllen.com observed of Robbins and Torres ' relationship : `` I ( ... ) ca n't help but be wary of how the Grey 's writers will handle this relationship .","Jessica has proven lovely and likable in her brief screen time so far .","But it 's not how the romance starts , but what happens next that really matters . ''","AfterEllen.com also included Robbins in their poll of the Top 50 Lesbian and Bisexual Characters , ranking her at No. 3 and in their Top 50 Favorite Female TV Characters , placing her at No. 2 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2366137445560682343","input":"where was the tv series outside edge filmed","passages":[{"title":"Outside Edge","text":"Roger is having trouble getting a team together for the afternoons fixture against the British Railways Maintenance Division Yeading East but this proves to be the least of anyone 's worries . Bob is having marriage trouble as he is still doing odd jobs for his ex-wife behind his current wife Ginnie 's back . Dennis is also having marital trouble as his wife seems intent on moving house despite the fact they only moved recently . When he finally puts his foot down she sets fire to his new car . Kevin is trying to fight off his over affectionate wife Maggie while at the same time nurse his injured spinning finger and Alex 's new girlfriend ends up shutting herself in the toilets having hysterics . Even Roger 's seemingly perfect marriage to Miriam hits the skids when she discovers he was playing away from home in more ways than one on a trip to Dorking last year . Just when it seems things ca n't get any worse for them , it starts to rain .","sentences":["Roger is having trouble getting a team together for the afternoons fixture against the British Railways Maintenance Division Yeading East","but this proves to be the least of anyone 's worries .","Bob is having marriage trouble as he is still doing odd jobs for his ex-wife behind his current wife Ginnie 's back .","Dennis is also having marital trouble as his wife seems intent on moving house despite the fact they only moved recently .","When he finally puts his foot down she sets fire to his new car .","Kevin is trying to fight off his over affectionate wife Maggie while at the same time nurse his injured spinning finger and Alex 's new girlfriend ends up shutting herself in the toilets having hysterics .","Even Roger 's seemingly perfect marriage to Miriam hits the skids when she discovers he was playing away from home in more ways than one on a trip to Dorking last year .","Just when it seems things ca n't get any worse for them , it starts to rain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7449817871614172642","input":"what are the adaptive feature of agama lizard","passages":[{"title":"Agama (lizard)","text":"Agama ( = `` unmarried '' ) is both the genus name of a group of small , long - tailed , insectivorous Old World lizards as well as a common name for these lizards . The genus Agama is composed of at least 37 species found across Africa , where they are the most common lizard . They can be found in many sizes , from 12.5 to 30 cm ( 5 in . to 1 ft . ) in length and a wide variety of colours . One of the best known species is Agama agama , widespread in sub-Saharan Africa . For Eurasian agamaids , see the genus Laudakia .","sentences":["Agama ( = `` unmarried '' ) is both the genus name of a group of small , long - tailed , insectivorous Old World lizards as well as a common name for these lizards .","The genus Agama is composed of at least 37 species found across Africa , where they are the most common lizard .","They can be found in many sizes , from 12.5 to 30 cm ( 5 in .","to 1 ft . )","in length and a wide variety of colours .","One of the best known species is Agama agama , widespread in sub-Saharan Africa .","For Eurasian agamaids , see the genus Laudakia ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3419515777580994427","input":"where do i find file explorer on my computer","passages":[{"title":"File Explorer","text":"Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 supports showing icons in the context menu and creating cascaded context menus with static verbs in submenus using the Registry instead of a shell extension . The search box in the Explorer window and the address bar can be resized . Certain folders in the navigation pane can be hidden to reduce clutter . Progress bars and overlay icons on an application 's button on the taskbar . Content view which shows thumbnails and metadata . Buttons to toggle the preview pane and create a new folder . Removed","sentences":["Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 supports showing icons in the context menu and creating cascaded context menus with static verbs in submenus using the Registry instead of a shell extension .","The search box in the Explorer window and the address bar can be resized .","Certain folders in the navigation pane can be hidden to reduce clutter .","Progress bars and overlay icons on an application 's button on the taskbar .","Content view which shows thumbnails and metadata .","Buttons to toggle the preview pane and create a new folder .","Removed"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4102199223429793440","input":"how long does it take a protein to fold","passages":[{"title":"Protein folding","text":"A fully denatured protein lacks both tertiary and secondary structure , and exists as a so - called random coil . Under certain conditions some proteins can refold ; however , in many cases , denaturation is irreversible . Cells sometimes protect their proteins against the denaturing influence of heat with enzymes known as heat shock proteins ( a type of chaperone ) , which assist other proteins both in folding and in remaining folded . Some proteins never fold in cells at all except with the assistance of chaperones which either isolate individual proteins so that their folding is not interrupted by interactions with other proteins or help to unfold misfolded proteins , allowing them to refold into the correct native structure . This function is crucial to prevent the risk of precipitation into insoluble amorphous aggregates . The external factors involved in protein denaturation or disruption of the native state include temperature , external fields ( electric , magnetic ) , molecular crowding , and even the limitation of space , which can have a big influence on the folding of proteins . High concentrations of solutes , extremes of pH , mechanical forces , and the presence of chemical denaturants can contribute to protein denaturation , as well . These individual factors are categorized together as stresses . Chaperones are shown to exist in increasing concentrations during times of cellular stress and help the proper folding of emerging proteins as well as denatured or misfolded ones .","sentences":["A fully denatured protein lacks both tertiary and secondary structure , and exists as a so - called random coil .","Under certain conditions some proteins can refold ; however , in many cases , denaturation is irreversible .","Cells sometimes protect their proteins against the denaturing influence of heat with enzymes known as heat shock proteins ( a type of chaperone ) , which assist other proteins both in folding and in remaining folded .","Some proteins never fold in cells at all except with the assistance of chaperones which either isolate individual proteins so that their folding is not interrupted by interactions with other proteins or help to unfold misfolded proteins , allowing them to refold into the correct native structure .","This function is crucial to prevent the risk of precipitation into insoluble amorphous aggregates .","The external factors involved in protein denaturation or disruption of the native state include temperature , external fields ( electric , magnetic ) , molecular crowding , and even the limitation of space , which can have a big influence on the folding of proteins .","High concentrations of solutes , extremes of pH , mechanical forces , and the presence of chemical denaturants can contribute to protein denaturation , as well .","These individual factors are categorized together as stresses .","Chaperones are shown to exist in increasing concentrations during times of cellular stress and help the proper folding of emerging proteins as well as denatured or misfolded ones ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7944792520746964275","input":"who drove the 48 car before jimmie johnson","passages":[{"title":"Jimmie Johnson","text":"Johnson began the 2016 season with a 16th - place finish at the Daytona 500 . In the next race at Atlanta Motor Speedway , he won his 1st race of the season and the 76th of his career , tying Dale Earnhardt for seventh on the all - time wins list . Johnson finished third and eleventh in the next two events of the season at Las Vegas and Phoenix . His second victory of the season came in the fifth race , the Auto Club 400 , where Johnson passed Harvick in an overtime finish . It was also the first time since 2011 that he finished in the top five at the Auto Club Speedway . In the STP 500 at Martinsville Speedway , Johnson recorded a 9th - place finish after moving through the field after qualifying 24th . One week later , Johnson finished fourth in the Duck Commander 500 at Texas Motor Speedway despite suffering minor damage during a 13 - car accident that occurred within 50 laps of the finish .","sentences":["Johnson began the 2016 season with a 16th - place finish at the Daytona 500 .","In the next race at Atlanta Motor Speedway , he won his 1st race of the season and the 76th of his career , tying Dale Earnhardt for seventh on the all - time wins list .","Johnson finished third and eleventh in the next two events of the season at Las Vegas and Phoenix .","His second victory of the season came in the fifth race , the Auto Club 400 , where Johnson passed Harvick in an overtime finish .","It was also the first time since 2011 that he finished in the top five at the Auto Club Speedway .","In the STP 500 at Martinsville Speedway , Johnson recorded a 9th - place finish after moving through the field after qualifying 24th .","One week later , Johnson finished fourth in the Duck Commander 500 at Texas Motor Speedway despite suffering minor damage during a 13 - car accident that occurred within 50 laps of the finish ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6031887792846970774","input":"who sings if loving you is wrong i don't want to be right","passages":[{"title":"(If Loving You Is Wrong) I Don't Want to Be Right","text":"Millie Jackson , however , took a somewhat different approach . On both studio and live recordings , her version is typically divided into three parts : `` ( If Loving You Is Wrong ) I Do n't Want to Be Right , '' `` The Rap , '' and `` ( If Loving You Is Wrong ) I Do n't Want to Be Right ( Reprise ) , '' which together have a running time of over 11 minutes . The first and third parts include the song more or less as originally written , while the second part was written by Jackson herself . Titled `` The Rap , '' the middle segment is a monologue in which an unrepentant Jackson discusses her status as the `` other woman '' and why she loves it .","sentences":["Millie Jackson , however , took a somewhat different approach .","On both studio and live recordings , her version is typically divided into three parts : `` ( If Loving You Is Wrong )","I Do n't Want to Be Right , '' `` The Rap , '' and `` ( If Loving You Is Wrong )","I Do n't Want to Be Right ( Reprise ) , '' which together have a running time of over 11 minutes .","The first and third parts include the song more or less as originally written , while the second part was written by Jackson herself .","Titled `` The Rap , '' the middle segment is a monologue in which an unrepentant Jackson discusses her status as the `` other woman '' and why she loves it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5096501299362069608","input":"what shade of green does a green screen have to be","passages":[{"title":"Chroma key","text":"Petro Vlahos was awarded an Academy Award for his refinement of these techniques in 1964 . His technique exploits the fact that most objects in real - world scenes have a color whose blue - color component is similar in intensity to their green - color component . Zbigniew Rybczy\u0144ski also contributed to bluescreen technology . An optical printer with two projectors , a film camera and a ' beam splitter ' , was used to combine the actor in front of a blue screen together with the background footage , one frame at a time . In the early 1970s , American and British television networks began using green backdrops instead of blue for their newscasts . During the 1980s , minicomputers were used to control the optical printer . For the film The Empire Strikes Back , Richard Edlund created a ' quad optical printer ' that accelerated the process considerably and saved money . He received a special Academy Award for his innovation .","sentences":["Petro Vlahos was awarded an Academy Award for his refinement of these techniques in 1964 .","His technique exploits the fact that most objects in real - world scenes have a color whose blue - color component is similar in intensity to their green - color component .","Zbigniew Rybczy\u0144ski also contributed to bluescreen technology .","An optical printer with two projectors , a film camera and a ' beam splitter ' , was used to combine the actor in front of a blue screen together with the background footage , one frame at a time .","In the early 1970s , American and British television networks began using green backdrops instead of blue for their newscasts .","During the 1980s , minicomputers were used to control the optical printer .","For the film The Empire Strikes Back , Richard Edlund created a ' quad optical printer ' that accelerated the process considerably and saved money .","He received a special Academy Award for his innovation ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6582438768021663627","input":"where do you get an energy performance certificate","passages":[{"title":"Energy Performance Certificate","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( January 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Home","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( January 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Home"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7858789615416571275","input":"what the name of the bride of frankenstein","passages":[{"title":"Bride of Frankenstein","text":"Colin Clive and Boris Karloff reprised their roles from Frankenstein as creator and creation , respectively . Hobson recalled Clive 's alcoholism had worsened since filming the original , but Whale did not recast the role because his `` hysterical quality '' was necessary for the film . Karloff strongly objected to the decision to allow the Monster to speak . `` Speech ! Stupid ! My argument was that if the monster had any impact or charm , it was because he was inarticulate -- this great , lumbering , inarticulate creature . The moment he spoke you might as well ... play it straight . '' This decision also meant that Karloff could not remove his dental plate , so now his cheeks did not have the sunken look of the original film . Whale and the studio psychiatrist selected 44 simple words for the Monster 's vocabulary by looking at test papers of ten - year - olds working at the studio . Dwight Frye returned to play the doctor 's assistant , Karl , having played the hunchback Fritz in the original . Frye also filmed a scene as an unnamed villager and the role of `` Nephew Glutz '' , a man who murdered his uncle and blamed the death on the Monster . Boris Karloff is credited simply as KARLOFF , which was Universal 's custom during the height of his career . Elsa Lanchester is credited for Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley , but in a nod to the earlier film , the Monster 's bride is credited only as `` ? '' just as Boris Karloff had been in the opening credits of Frankenstein . Elsa","sentences":["Colin Clive and Boris Karloff reprised their roles from Frankenstein as creator and creation , respectively .","Hobson recalled Clive 's alcoholism had worsened since filming the original , but Whale did not recast the role because his `` hysterical quality '' was necessary for the film .","Karloff strongly objected to the decision to allow the Monster to speak .","`` Speech !","Stupid !","My argument was that if the monster had any impact or charm , it was because he was inarticulate -- this great , lumbering , inarticulate creature .","The moment he spoke you might as well ... play it straight . ''","This decision also meant that Karloff could not remove his dental plate , so now his cheeks did not have the sunken look of the original film .","Whale and the studio psychiatrist selected 44 simple words for the Monster 's vocabulary by looking at test papers of ten - year - olds working at the studio .","Dwight Frye returned to play the doctor 's assistant , Karl , having played the hunchback Fritz in the original .","Frye also filmed a scene as an unnamed villager and the role of `` Nephew Glutz '' , a man who murdered his uncle and blamed the death on the Monster .","Boris Karloff is credited simply as KARLOFF , which was Universal 's custom during the height of his career .","Elsa Lanchester is credited for Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley , but in a nod to the earlier film , the Monster 's bride is credited only as `` ? ''","just as Boris Karloff had been in the opening credits of Frankenstein .","Elsa"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5491920911578519570","input":"who has the most tweets on twitter 2017","passages":[{"title":"List of most-liked tweets","text":"5 . ME : Joe , about halfway through the speech , I 'm gon na wish you a happy birth -- BIDEN : IT 'S MY BIRTHDAY ! ME : Joe . Happy birthday to @ JoeBiden , my brother and the best vice president anybody could have . pic.twitter.com\/sKbXjNiEjH 2.00 November 20 , 2017","sentences":["5 .","ME : Joe , about halfway through the speech , I 'm gon na wish you a happy birth -- BIDEN : IT 'S MY BIRTHDAY !","ME : Joe .","Happy birthday to @","JoeBiden",", my brother and the best vice president anybody could have .","pic.twitter.com\/sKbXjNiEjH 2.00 November 20 , 2017"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5152882653212184084","input":"when did michael jordan become the best player in the league","passages":[{"title":"Michael Jordan","text":"With five regular - season MVPs ( tied for second place with Bill Russell -- only Kareem Abdul - Jabbar has won more , with six ) , six Finals MVPs ( NBA record ) , and three All - Star Game MVPs , Jordan is the most decorated player in NBA history . Jordan finished among the top three in regular - season MVP voting 10 times , and was named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History in 1996 . He is one of only seven players in history to win an NCAA championship , an NBA championship , and an Olympic gold medal ( doing so twice with the 1984 and 1992 U.S. men 's basketball teams ) . Since 1976 , the year of the NBA 's merger with the American Basketball Association , Jordan and Pippen are the only two players to win six NBA Finals playing for one team . In the All - Star Game fan ballot , Jordan received the most votes nine times , more than any other player . ``","sentences":["With five regular - season MVPs ( tied for second place with Bill Russell -- only Kareem Abdul - Jabbar has won more , with six ) , six Finals MVPs ( NBA record ) , and three All - Star Game MVPs , Jordan is the most decorated player in NBA history .","Jordan finished among the top three in regular - season MVP voting 10 times , and was named one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History in 1996 .","He is one of only seven players in history to win an NCAA championship , an NBA championship , and an Olympic gold medal ( doing so twice with the 1984 and 1992 U.S. men 's basketball teams ) .","Since 1976 , the year of the NBA 's merger with the American Basketball Association , Jordan and Pippen are the only two players to win six NBA Finals playing for one team .","In the All - Star Game fan ballot , Jordan received the most votes nine times , more than any other player .","``"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8671861238856868754","input":"how to write happy independence day in marathi","passages":[{"title":"Independence Day (India)","text":"Independence Day , one of the three National holidays in India ( the other two being the Republic Day on 26 January and Mahatma Gandhi 's birthday on 2 October ) , is observed in all Indian states and union territories . On the eve of Independence Day , the President of India delivers the `` Address to the Nation '' . On 15 August , the prime minister hoists the Indian flag on the ramparts of the historical site Red Fort in Delhi . Twenty - one gun shots are fired in honour of the solemn occasion . In his speech , the prime minister highlights the past year 's achievements , raises important issues and calls for further development . He pays tribute to the leaders of the Indian independence movement . The Indian national anthem , `` Jana Gana Mana '' , is sung . The speech is followed by march past of divisions of the Indian Armed Forces and paramilitary forces . Parades and pageants showcase scenes from the independence struggle and India 's diverse cultural traditions . Similar events take place in state capitals where the Chief Ministers of individual states unfurl the national flag , followed by parades and pageants .","sentences":["Independence Day , one of the three National holidays in India ( the other two being the Republic Day on 26 January and Mahatma Gandhi 's birthday on 2 October ) , is observed in all Indian states and union territories .","On the eve of Independence Day , the President of India delivers the `` Address to the Nation '' .","On 15 August , the prime minister hoists the Indian flag on the ramparts of the historical site Red Fort in Delhi .","Twenty - one gun shots are fired in honour of the solemn occasion .","In his speech , the prime minister highlights the past year 's achievements , raises important issues and calls for further development .","He pays tribute to the leaders of the Indian independence movement .","The Indian national anthem , `` Jana Gana Mana '' , is sung .","The speech is followed by march past of divisions of the Indian Armed Forces and paramilitary forces .","Parades and pageants showcase scenes from the independence struggle and India 's diverse cultural traditions .","Similar events take place in state capitals where the Chief Ministers of individual states unfurl the national flag , followed by parades and pageants ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5610951807283335672","input":"when did grey's anatomy season 14 episode 9 air","passages":[{"title":"Grey's Anatomy (season 9)","text":"The hospital continues to operate despite the power outage . Meredith requires a C - section , which is performed in the dark ; the baby is born healthy , but her earlier fall causes serious abdominal bleeding . Alex , Jo and Arizona must deal with chaos when oxygen machines in the NICU stop working . Cristina operates on Richard 's patient by listening to his heart in the dark . The ER staff rush to help the passengers of a burning bus . April questions her engagement to Matthew when she believes that Jackson has died in the bus explosion . Alex tells Jo he loves her , she reciprocates , and they begin a relationship . Callie finds out about Arizona 's encounter with Dr. Boswell . Cristina breaks up with Owen . Dr. Bailey returns to the OR when she has to perform emergency surgery on Meredith . While trying to fix the emergency generators and restore the lights , Richard is electrocuted due to the water in the basement .","sentences":["The hospital continues to operate despite the power outage .","Meredith requires a C - section , which is performed in the dark ; the baby is born healthy , but her earlier fall causes serious abdominal bleeding .","Alex , Jo and Arizona must deal with chaos when oxygen machines in the NICU stop working .","Cristina operates on Richard 's patient by listening to his heart in the dark .","The ER staff rush to help the passengers of a burning bus .","April questions her engagement to Matthew when she believes that Jackson has died in the bus explosion .","Alex tells Jo he loves her , she reciprocates , and they begin a relationship .","Callie finds out about Arizona 's encounter with Dr. Boswell .","Cristina breaks up with Owen .","Dr. Bailey returns to the OR when she has to perform emergency surgery on Meredith .","While trying to fix the emergency generators and restore the lights , Richard is electrocuted due to the water in the basement ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4861750251589580960","input":"what episode does leela and fry get together","passages":[{"title":"Meanwhile (Futurama)","text":"The Professor notices the device has been stolen and is repeatedly looping time , and worries the universe could be damaged . He also warns that anyone leaving the shelter could be destroyed if the device is subsequently reused less than 10 seconds later , because the anti-chronitons would not know where in ten seconds to send that person back . Bender betrays Fry 's theft of the device , and , using the shelter , the crew approach the Vampire State Building to save him . By this time , Fry is tired after falling for so long and accidentally lets go of the button . He is instantly killed when he hits the ground , but Leela picks up the button from Fry 's splattered remains and uses it to loop the final seconds of Fry 's life . The Professor , being outside the time shelter , tries to stop her and is seemingly vaporized when Leela presses the button . After several loops , Bender engineers a method of saving Fry 's life using an airbag he contains . Fry survives this time but lands on the button , smashing it and freezing time throughout the universe for everyone and everything except himself and Leela .","sentences":["The Professor notices the device has been stolen and is repeatedly looping time , and worries the universe could be damaged .","He also warns that anyone leaving the shelter could be destroyed if the device is subsequently reused less than 10 seconds later , because the anti-chronitons would not know where in ten seconds to send that person back .","Bender betrays Fry 's theft of the device , and , using the shelter , the crew approach the Vampire State Building to save him .","By this time , Fry is tired after falling for so long and accidentally lets go of the button .","He is instantly killed when he hits the ground , but Leela picks up the button from Fry 's splattered remains and uses it to loop the final seconds of Fry 's life .","The Professor , being outside the time shelter , tries to stop her and is seemingly vaporized when Leela presses the button .","After several loops , Bender engineers a method of saving Fry 's life using an airbag he contains .","Fry survives this time but lands on the button , smashing it and freezing time throughout the universe for everyone and everything except himself and Leela ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3424453815217581487","input":"why do they use german shepherds as police dogs","passages":[{"title":"Police dog","text":"Dogs used in law enforcement are trained to either be `` single purpose '' or `` dual purpose '' . Single purpose dogs are used primarily for backup , personal protection , and tracking . Dual purpose dogs , however , are more commonly trained . Dual purpose dogs do everything that single purpose dogs do , and also detect either explosives or narcotics , however , they can not be trained to detect both . Dogs can only be trained for one or the other because the dog can not communicate to the officer if it found explosives or narcotics . When a narcotics dog in the United States indicates to the officer that it found something , the officer has reasonable suspicion to search whatever the dog alerted on ( i.e. bag or vehicle ) without a warrant .","sentences":["Dogs used in law enforcement are trained to either be `` single purpose '' or `` dual purpose '' .","Single purpose dogs are used primarily for backup , personal protection , and tracking .","Dual purpose dogs , however , are more commonly trained .","Dual purpose dogs do everything that single purpose dogs do , and also detect either explosives or narcotics , however , they can not be trained to detect both .","Dogs can only be trained for one or the other because the dog can not communicate to the officer if it found explosives or narcotics .","When a narcotics dog in the United States indicates to the officer that it found something , the officer has reasonable suspicion to search whatever the dog alerted on ( i.e. bag or vehicle ) without a warrant ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8311674410907188114","input":"when does emma believe in once upon a time","passages":[{"title":"Once Upon a Time (season 1)","text":"Once Upon a Time -- The Complete First Season Set details Special features Discs : 5 \/ 6 ( R2 \/ 4 \/ AU ) Episodes : 22 Once Upon a Time : Origins ( Blu - ray only ) Fairy Tales in the Modern World Building Character Welcome to Storybrooke The Story I Remember ... Snow White Fairest Bloopers of Them All Audio Commentaries On `` Pilot '' by Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz On `` 7 : 15 A.M. '' On `` Skin Deep '' On `` The Stable Boy '' On `` A Land Without Magic '' Deleted Scenes DVD release dates Region 1 Region 2 Region 4 August 28 , 2012 ( 2012 - 08 - 28 ) November 12 , 2012 ( 2012 - 11 - 12 ) October 17 , 2012 ( 2012 - 10 - 17 ) BluRay release dates Region A Region B August 28 , 2012 ( 2012 - 08 - 28 ) October 17 , 2012 ( 2012 - 10 - 17 ) ( AU ) \/ June 17 , 2013 ( 2013 - 06 - 17 ) ( UK )","sentences":["Once Upon a Time -- The Complete First Season Set details Special features Discs : 5 \/ 6 ( R2 \/ 4 \/ AU )","Episodes : 22 Once Upon a Time :","Origins ( Blu - ray only ) Fairy Tales in the Modern World Building Character Welcome to Storybrooke The Story","I Remember ...","Snow White Fairest Bloopers of Them All Audio Commentaries On `` Pilot '' by Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz On `` 7 : 15 A.M. ''","On `` Skin Deep ''","On `` The Stable Boy '' On `` A Land Without Magic '' Deleted Scenes DVD release dates Region 1 Region 2 Region 4 August 28 , 2012 ( 2012 - 08 - 28 ) November 12 , 2012 ( 2012 - 11 - 12 ) October 17 , 2012 ( 2012 - 10 - 17 ) BluRay release dates Region A Region B August 28 , 2012 ( 2012 - 08 - 28 ) October 17 , 2012 ( 2012 - 10 - 17 ) ( AU ) \/","June 17 , 2013 ( 2013 - 06 - 17 ) ( UK )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3231291122252461360","input":"is there a gotham city in real life","passages":[{"title":"Gotham City","text":"When Joel Schumacher took over directing the Batman film series from Tim Burton , Barbara Ling handled the production design for both of Schumacher 's films Batman Forever ( 1995 ) and 1997 's Batman & Robin Ling 's vision of Gotham City was a luminous and outlandish evocation of Modern expressionism and Constructivism . Its futuristic - like concepts ( to a certain extent , akin to the 1982 film Blade Runner ) appeared to be sort of a cross between Manhattan and the `` Neo-Tokyo '' of Akira . Ling admitted her influences for the Gotham City design came from `` neon - ridden Tokyo and the Machine Age . Gotham is like a World 's Fair on ecstasy . '' When Batman is pursuing Two - Face in Batman Forever , the chase ends at Lady Gotham , the fictional equivalent of the Statue of Liberty . During Mr. Freeze 's attempt to freeze Gotham in the film Batman & Robin , the targeting screen for his giant laser locates it somewhere on the New England shoreline , possibly as far north as Maine . The soundtrack for Batman & Robin features a song named after the city and sung by R. Kelly , later included on international editions of his 1998 double album R . The","sentences":["When Joel Schumacher took over directing the Batman film series from Tim Burton , Barbara Ling handled the production design for both of Schumacher 's films Batman Forever ( 1995 ) and 1997 's Batman & Robin Ling 's vision of Gotham City was a luminous and outlandish evocation of Modern expressionism and Constructivism .","Its futuristic - like concepts ( to a certain extent , akin to the 1982 film Blade Runner ) appeared to be sort of a cross between Manhattan and the `` Neo-Tokyo '' of Akira .","Ling admitted her influences for the Gotham City design came from `` neon - ridden Tokyo and the Machine Age .","Gotham is like a World 's Fair on ecstasy . ''","When Batman is pursuing Two - Face in Batman Forever , the chase ends at Lady Gotham , the fictional equivalent of the Statue of Liberty .","During Mr. Freeze 's attempt to freeze Gotham in the film Batman & Robin , the targeting screen for his giant laser locates it somewhere on the New England shoreline , possibly as far north as Maine .","The soundtrack for Batman & Robin features a song named after the city and sung by R. Kelly , later included on international editions of his 1998 double album R .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3364551366167141769","input":"why do they call it a c section","passages":[{"title":"Caesarean section","text":"Global rates of caesarean section rates are increasing . In the United Kingdom , in 2008 , the Caesarean section rate was 24 % . In Ireland the rate was 26.1 % in 2009 . The Canadian rate was 26 % in 2005 -- 2006 . Australia has a high Caesarean section rate , at 31 % in 2007 . In the United States the rate of C - section is around 33 % and varies from 23 % to 40 % depending on the state in question . One out three women who gave birth in the US delivered by cesarean in 2011 . In 2012 , close to 23 million C - sections were done globally . At one time the rate of 10 % and 15 % were thought to be ideal . A higher rate of 19 % may result in better outcomes . More than 50 nations have rates greater than 27 % . Another 45 countries have rates less than 7.5 % There are efforts to both improve access to and reduce the use of C - section . In the United States about 33 % of deliveries are by C - section . The rates in the UK and Australia are 26.5 % and 32.3 % respectively . In China , the most recent CS rate reported was 41 % . Globally , 1 % of all cesarean deliveries are done without the medical need for one . Overall , the rate of caesarean section rate was 25.7 % during 2004 - 2008 .","sentences":["Global rates of caesarean section rates are increasing .","In the United Kingdom , in 2008 , the Caesarean section rate was 24 % .","In Ireland the rate was 26.1 % in 2009 .","The Canadian rate was 26 % in 2005 -- 2006 .","Australia has a high Caesarean section rate , at 31 % in 2007 .","In the United States the rate of C - section is around 33 % and varies from 23 % to 40 % depending on the state in question .","One out three women who gave birth in the US delivered by cesarean in 2011 .","In 2012 , close to 23 million C - sections were done globally .","At one time the rate of 10 % and 15 % were thought to be ideal .","A higher rate of 19 % may result in better outcomes .","More than 50 nations have rates greater than 27 % .","Another 45 countries have rates less than 7.5 % There are efforts to both improve access to and reduce the use of C - section .","In the United States about 33 % of deliveries are by C - section .","The rates in the UK and Australia are 26.5 % and 32.3 % respectively .","In China , the most recent CS rate reported was 41 % .","Globally , 1 % of all cesarean deliveries are done without the medical need for one .","Overall , the rate of caesarean section rate was 25.7 % during 2004 - 2008 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6662451331871829296","input":"why there is low population in thar desert","passages":[{"title":"Thar Desert","text":"This section does not cite any sources . Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( December 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Sunrise","sentences":["This section does not cite any sources .","Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( December 2011 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Sunrise"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1489691438487529989","input":"when were the last troops deployed to vietnam","passages":[{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"On 20 March , Thieu reversed himself and ordered Hu\u1ebf , Vietnam 's third - largest city , be held at all costs , and then changed his policy several times . Thieu 's contradictory orders confused and demoralized his officer corps . As the North Vietnamese launched their attack , panic set in , and ARVN resistance withered . On 22 March , the NVA opened the siege of Hu\u1ebf . Civilians flooded the airport and the docks hoping for any mode of escape . Some even swam out to sea to reach boats and barges anchored offshore . In the confusion , routed ARVN soldiers fired on civilians to make way for their retreat .","sentences":["On 20 March , Thieu reversed himself and ordered Hu\u1ebf , Vietnam 's third - largest city , be held at all costs , and then changed his policy several times .","Thieu 's contradictory orders confused and demoralized his officer corps .","As the North Vietnamese launched their attack , panic set in , and ARVN resistance withered .","On 22 March , the NVA opened the siege of Hu\u1ebf .","Civilians flooded the airport and the docks hoping for any mode of escape .","Some even swam out to sea to reach boats and barges anchored offshore .","In the confusion , routed ARVN soldiers fired on civilians to make way for their retreat ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"872373137680668128","input":"how the earth's history can be interpreted from the geologic time scale","passages":[{"title":"Geologic time scale","text":"Ordovician Late Hirnantian Invertebrates diversify into many new types ( e.g. , long straight - shelled cephalopods ) . Early corals , articulate brachiopods ( Orthida , Strophomenida , etc . ) , bivalves , nautiloids , trilobites , ostracods , bryozoa , many types of echinoderms ( crinoids , cystoids , starfish , etc . ) , branched graptolites , and other taxa all common . Conodonts ( early planktonic vertebrates ) appear . First green plants and fungi on land . Ice age at end of period . 445.2 \u00b1 1.4","sentences":["Ordovician Late Hirnantian Invertebrates diversify into many new types ( e.g. , long straight - shelled cephalopods ) .","Early corals , articulate brachiopods ( Orthida , Strophomenida , etc . )",", bivalves , nautiloids , trilobites , ostracods , bryozoa , many types of echinoderms ( crinoids , cystoids , starfish , etc . )",", branched graptolites , and other taxa all common .","Conodonts ( early planktonic vertebrates ) appear .","First green plants and fungi on land .","Ice age at end of period .","445.2 \u00b1 1.4"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1123826063685676476","input":"where do anti-cyclones usually form in relation to the upper level flow","passages":[{"title":"Anticyclone","text":"Sir Francis Galton first discovered anticyclones in the 1860s . Preferred areas within a synoptic flow pattern in higher levels of the hydrosphere are beneath the western side of troughs , or dips in the Rossby wave pattern . High - pressure systems are alternatively referred to as anticyclones . Their circulation is sometimes referred to as cum sole . Subtropical high pressure zones form under the descending portion of the Hadley cell circulation . Upper - level high - pressure areas lie over tropical cyclones due to their warm core nature . See","sentences":["Sir Francis Galton first discovered anticyclones in the 1860s .","Preferred areas within a synoptic flow pattern in higher levels of the hydrosphere are beneath the western side of troughs , or dips in the Rossby wave pattern .","High - pressure systems are alternatively referred to as anticyclones .","Their circulation is sometimes referred to as cum sole .","Subtropical high pressure zones form under the descending portion of the Hadley cell circulation .","Upper - level high - pressure areas lie over tropical cyclones due to their warm core nature .","See"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3366014639490570275","input":"where did the last name jack come from","passages":[{"title":"Joker (character)","text":"After Christopher Nolan 's successful 2005 Batman film reboot , Batman Begins , which ended with a teaser for the Joker 's involvement in a sequel , the character appeared in 2008 's The Dark Knight , played by Heath Ledger as an avatar of anarchy and chaos . While Batman Begins earned a worldwide total of $370 million ; The Dark Knight earned over $1 billion and was the highest - grossing film of the year , setting several box - office records ( including highest - grossing midnight opening , opening day and opening weekend ) . Ledger won a posthumous Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance , the first acting Oscar ever won for a superhero film . The Joker has featured in a number of animated projects , such as 2009 's Batman : The Brave and the Bold ( voiced by Jeff Bennett ) and 2011 's Young Justice ( voiced by Brent Spiner ) , and comic book adaptations ( including 2010 's Batman : Under the Red Hood , in which he is voiced by John DiMaggio ) . In 2012 , Michael Emerson voiced the character in a two - part animated adaptation of The Dark Knight Returns . Jared Leto portrayed the Joker in Suicide Squad ( 2016 ) , and Zach Galifianakis voiced the character in The Lego Batman Movie ( 2017 ) .","sentences":["After Christopher Nolan 's successful 2005 Batman film reboot , Batman Begins , which ended with a teaser for the Joker 's involvement in a sequel , the character appeared in 2008 's The Dark Knight , played by Heath Ledger as an avatar of anarchy and chaos .","While Batman Begins earned a worldwide total of $370 million ; The Dark Knight earned over $1 billion and was the highest - grossing film of the year , setting several box - office records ( including highest - grossing midnight opening , opening day and opening weekend ) .","Ledger won a posthumous Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance , the first acting Oscar ever won for a superhero film .","The Joker has featured in a number of animated projects , such as 2009 's Batman : The Brave and the Bold ( voiced by Jeff Bennett ) and 2011 's Young Justice ( voiced by Brent Spiner ) , and comic book adaptations ( including 2010 's Batman : Under the Red Hood , in which he is voiced by John DiMaggio ) .","In 2012 , Michael Emerson voiced the character in a two - part animated adaptation of The Dark Knight Returns .","Jared Leto portrayed the Joker in Suicide Squad ( 2016 ) , and Zach Galifianakis voiced the character in The Lego Batman Movie ( 2017 ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2167738267503599337","input":"what was the original story of sleeping beauty","passages":[{"title":"Sleeping Beauty","text":"A hundred years pass and a prince from another family spies the hidden castle during a hunting expedition . His attendants tell him differing stories regarding the castle until an old man recounts his father 's words : within the castle lies a beautiful princess who is doomed to sleep for a hundred years until a king 's son comes and awakens her . The prince then braves the tall trees , brambles and thorns which part at his approach , and enters the castle . He passes the sleeping castle folk and comes across the chamber where the Princess lies asleep on the bed . Struck by the radiant beauty before him , he falls on his knees before her . The enchantment comes to an end by a kiss and the princess awakens and converses with the prince for a long time . Meanwhile , the rest of the castle awakens and go about their business . The prince and princess are later married by the chaplain in the castle chapel .","sentences":["A hundred years pass and a prince from another family spies the hidden castle during a hunting expedition .","His attendants tell him differing stories regarding the castle until an old man recounts his father 's words : within the castle lies a beautiful princess who is doomed to sleep for a hundred years until a king 's son comes and awakens her .","The prince then braves the tall trees , brambles and thorns which part at his approach , and enters the castle .","He passes the sleeping castle folk and comes across the chamber where the Princess lies asleep on the bed .","Struck by the radiant beauty before him , he falls on his knees before her .","The enchantment comes to an end by a kiss and the princess awakens and converses with the prince for a long time .","Meanwhile , the rest of the castle awakens and go about their business .","The prince and princess are later married by the chaplain in the castle chapel ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2947261395907290232","input":"what was wrong with angela in the deer hunter","passages":[{"title":"The Deer Hunter","text":"Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun - Times gave the film four stars and called it `` one of the most emotionally shattering films ever made . '' Gene Siskel from the Chicago Tribune praised the film , saying , `` This is a big film , dealing with big issues , made on a grand scale . Much of it , including some casting decisions , suggest inspiration by The Godfather . '' Leonard Maltin also gave the film four stars , calling it a `` sensitive , painful , evocative work '' . Vincent Canby of the New York Times called The Deer Hunter `` a big , awkward , crazily ambitious motion picture that comes as close to being a popular epic as any movie about this country since The Godfather . Its vision is that of an original , major new filmmaker . '' David Denby of New York called it `` an epic '' with `` qualities that we almost never see any more -- range and power and breadth of experience . '' Jack Kroll of Time asserted it put director Cimino `` right at the center of film culture . '' Stephen Farber pronounced the film in New West magazine as `` the greatest anti-war movie since La Grande Illusion . ''","sentences":["Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun - Times gave the film four stars and called it `` one of the most emotionally shattering films ever made . ''","Gene Siskel from the Chicago Tribune praised the film , saying , `` This is a big film , dealing with big issues , made on a grand scale .","Much of it , including some casting decisions , suggest inspiration by The Godfather . ''","Leonard Maltin also gave the film four stars , calling it a `` sensitive , painful , evocative work '' .","Vincent Canby of the New York Times called The Deer Hunter `` a big , awkward , crazily ambitious motion picture that comes as close to being a popular epic as any movie about this country since The Godfather .","Its vision is that of an original , major new filmmaker . ''","David Denby of New York called it `` an epic '' with `` qualities that we almost never see any more -- range and power and breadth of experience . ''","Jack Kroll of Time asserted it put director Cimino `` right at the center of film culture . ''","Stephen Farber pronounced the film in New West magazine as `` the greatest anti-war movie since La Grande Illusion . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7814036882575714031","input":"what was the last series of unforgotten about","passages":[{"title":"Unforgotten","text":"Sara 's long lost father turns up out of the blue with some long - buried secrets about her past . Colin is shocked to discover that the rape allegation made against him was concocted by David Walker , who paid the supposed victim \u00a3 5,000 to fake the story . Ellen Price revisits the location where Walker and his friends used to hold ' parties ' where children were abused . Tessa 's denial of David 's activities is called into question when Ellen recalls David 's wife having turned up at one of the parties , which forced a row in front of many of the guests . As Marion 's home life continues to spiral , she tries to make things up with Zoe . Simon makes the heartbreaking decision to cease the adoption unless Colin can convince Tyler to back off . Sara 's husband uncovers evidence which confirms she was in Naples at the time of the murder . With all of the possible suspects now carrying a solid alibi , Cassie and Sunny are stumped as to who the killer might be . Sunny tries to reveal his true feelings for Cassie .","sentences":["Sara 's long lost father turns up out of the blue with some long - buried secrets about her past .","Colin is shocked to discover that the rape allegation made against him was concocted by David Walker , who paid the supposed victim \u00a3 5,000 to fake the story .","Ellen Price revisits the location where Walker and his friends used to hold ' parties ' where children were abused .","Tessa 's denial of David 's activities is called into question when Ellen recalls David 's wife having turned up at one of the parties , which forced a row in front of many of the guests .","As Marion 's home life continues to spiral , she tries to make things up with Zoe .","Simon makes the heartbreaking decision to cease the adoption unless Colin can convince Tyler to back off .","Sara 's husband uncovers evidence which confirms she was in Naples at the time of the murder .","With all of the possible suspects now carrying a solid alibi , Cassie and Sunny are stumped as to who the killer might be .","Sunny tries to reveal his true feelings for Cassie ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1729690946589109643","input":"how much is the tunnel from england to france","passages":[{"title":"Channel Tunnel","text":"A two - inch ( 50 - mm ) diameter pilot hole allowed the service tunnel to break through without ceremony on 30 October 1990 . On 1 December 1990 , Englishman Graham Fagg and Frenchman Phillippe Cozette broke through the service tunnel with the media watching . Eurotunnel completed the tunnel on time , and it was officially opened , one year later than originally planned , by Queen Elizabeth II and the French president , Fran\u00e7ois Mitterrand , in a ceremony held in Calais on 6 May 1994 . The Queen travelled through the tunnel to Calais on a Eurostar train , which stopped nose to nose with the train that carried President Mitterrand from Paris . Following the ceremony President Mitterrand and the Queen travelled on Le Shuttle to a similar ceremony in Folkestone . A full public service did not start for several months .","sentences":["A two - inch ( 50 - mm ) diameter pilot hole allowed the service tunnel to break through without ceremony on 30 October 1990 .","On 1 December 1990 , Englishman Graham Fagg and Frenchman Phillippe Cozette broke through the service tunnel with the media watching .","Eurotunnel completed the tunnel on time , and it was officially opened , one year later than originally planned , by Queen Elizabeth II and the French president , Fran\u00e7ois Mitterrand , in a ceremony held in Calais on 6 May 1994 .","The Queen travelled through the tunnel to Calais on a Eurostar train , which stopped nose to nose with the train that carried President Mitterrand from Paris .","Following the ceremony President Mitterrand and the Queen travelled on Le Shuttle to a similar ceremony in Folkestone .","A full public service did not start for several months ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3944863359686119976","input":"what is the difference between snuff and long cut","passages":[{"title":"Dipping tobacco","text":"Dipping tobacco use is often accompanied by the utilization of multiple liquids , known as primer , catalyst , and rinser . Primer is used to initially salivate the mouth , usually during a meal , in order to prepare your mouth to use smokeless tobacco . This is important because a dry mouth or one full of food could lead to a less enjoyable experience for the user . Catalyst , like primer , is used to fix the issues of a dry mouth or dry tobacco , however , the dipping tobacco is already currently in the user 's lip . Rinser is used when the user is finished with their tobacco , and it is swished around the user 's mouth in a `` mouthwash like '' fashion to dispose of an excess tobacco . All three liquids are usually water , but any liquid may be used . However , it is considered amateurish to drink catalyst at any point .","sentences":["Dipping tobacco use is often accompanied by the utilization of multiple liquids , known as primer , catalyst , and rinser .","Primer is used to initially salivate the mouth , usually during a meal , in order to prepare your mouth to use smokeless tobacco .","This is important because a dry mouth or one full of food could lead to a less enjoyable experience for the user .","Catalyst , like primer , is used to fix the issues of a dry mouth or dry tobacco , however , the dipping tobacco is already currently in the user 's lip .","Rinser is used when the user is finished with their tobacco , and it is swished around the user 's mouth in a `` mouthwash like '' fashion to dispose of an excess tobacco .","All three liquids are usually water , but any liquid may be used .","However , it is considered amateurish to drink catalyst at any point ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-664960516437787709","input":"what is the traditional food in the bahamas","passages":[{"title":"Bahamian cuisine","text":"Alcoholic beverages include rum , which is sometimes infused with coconut . Rum is also used in mixed drinks such as rum punch . Sky juice is a drink consisting of coconut water blended with condensed milk and gin . The Yellow Bird ( cocktail ) , the Bahama Mama , the Goombay Smash , and Planter 's Punch are popular local drinks . Nassau Royale is a Bahamian liqueur and is used to make the C.C. Rider . The Bahamian Brewery makes beers including : Sands , Bush Crack , High Rock ( named for a geographic feature : High Rock ) and Strong Back . Kalik is a Bahamian beer .","sentences":["Alcoholic beverages include rum , which is sometimes infused with coconut .","Rum is also used in mixed drinks such as rum punch .","Sky juice is a drink consisting of coconut water blended with condensed milk and gin .","The Yellow Bird ( cocktail ) , the Bahama Mama , the Goombay Smash , and Planter 's Punch are popular local drinks .","Nassau Royale is a Bahamian liqueur and is used to make the C.C. Rider .","The Bahamian Brewery makes beers including : Sands , Bush Crack , High Rock ( named for a geographic feature : High Rock ) and Strong Back .","Kalik is a Bahamian beer ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1706281974561757983","input":"when can fetal heartbeat be detected with doppler","passages":[{"title":"Doppler fetal monitor","text":"Manufacturer : popular manufacturers are Baby Dopper , Sonoline , Newman Medical , Nicolet ( purchased by Natus ) , Arjo - Huntleigh , and Summit Doppler ( now Cooper Surgical ) . Probe type : waterproof or not . Waterproof probes are used for water births . Probe frequency : 2 - MHz or 3 - MHz probes . Most practitioners can find the heart rate with either probe . A 3 - MHz probe is recommended to detect a heart rate in early pregnancy ( 8 -- 10 weeks gestation ) . A 2 - MHz probe is recommended for pregnant women who are overweight . The newer EchoHeart 5 - MHz transvaginal probes aids in the detection of fetal heart tones ( FHT ) early in pregnancy ( 6 -- 8 weeks ) and for patients who have a retroverted uterus or throughout pregnancy for FHT detection for women who are obese . Heart rate display : some Dopplers automatically display the heart rate on a built - in LCD ; for others the fetal heart rate must be counted and timed by the practitioner .","sentences":["Manufacturer : popular manufacturers are Baby Dopper , Sonoline , Newman Medical , Nicolet ( purchased by Natus ) , Arjo - Huntleigh , and Summit Doppler ( now Cooper Surgical ) .","Probe type : waterproof or not .","Waterproof probes are used for water births .","Probe frequency : 2 - MHz or 3 - MHz probes .","Most practitioners can find the heart rate with either probe .","A 3 - MHz probe is recommended to detect a heart rate in early pregnancy ( 8 -- 10 weeks gestation ) .","A 2 - MHz probe is recommended for pregnant women who are overweight .","The newer EchoHeart 5 - MHz transvaginal probes aids in the detection of fetal heart tones ( FHT ) early in pregnancy ( 6 -- 8 weeks ) and for patients who have a retroverted uterus or throughout pregnancy for FHT detection for women who are obese .","Heart rate display : some Dopplers automatically display the heart rate on a built - in LCD ; for others the fetal heart rate must be counted and timed by the practitioner ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8105318762602811461","input":"how do i know what generation of apple tv","passages":[{"title":"Apple TV","text":"The primary function of Apple TV is streaming video through the internet . Users of Apple TV can rent or buy movies and TV shows from the iTunes Store , or stream video from a variety of services found in the tvOS App Store such as Netflix , Amazon Prime Video , Hulu , YouTube , Vimeo , HBO Now , Showtime , Sling TV , and DirecTV Now . Users can stream live and on - demand content from apps that support login through a cable provider by way of one universal app called TV . TV unifies all content into one central application that allows the user to watch whatever they want from any source while providing recommendations . These include ABC , NBC , CBS , NBA , NFL , NHL , WatchESPN , History Channel , Food Network , CNN , Fox News , HGTV , Disney , National Geographic , and many others . The upcoming single - sign on feature in tvOS 10.1 will allow users to log in to all of these apps at once , bypassing the need to authenticate each individually .","sentences":["The primary function of Apple TV is streaming video through the internet .","Users of Apple TV can rent or buy movies and TV shows from the iTunes Store , or stream video from a variety of services found in the tvOS App Store such as Netflix , Amazon Prime Video , Hulu , YouTube , Vimeo , HBO Now , Showtime , Sling TV , and DirecTV","Now .","Users can stream live and on - demand content from apps that support login through a cable provider by way of one universal app called TV .","TV unifies all content into one central application that allows the user to watch whatever they want from any source while providing recommendations .","These include ABC , NBC , CBS , NBA , NFL , NHL , WatchESPN , History Channel , Food Network , CNN , Fox News , HGTV , Disney , National Geographic , and many others .","The upcoming single - sign on feature in tvOS 10.1 will allow users to log in to all of these apps at once , bypassing the need to authenticate each individually ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8092938834021870152","input":"where was the beginning of the shining filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Shining (film)","text":"Five episodes of the drama Gilmore Girls reference the film . One episode contains Lorelai 's line `` Well , we like our Internet slow , okay ? We can turn it on , walk around , dance , make a sandwich . With DSL , there 's no dancing , no walking , and we 'd starve . It 'd be all work and no play . Have you not seen The Shining , Mom ? ''","sentences":["Five episodes of the drama Gilmore Girls reference the film .","One episode contains Lorelai 's line `` Well , we like our Internet slow , okay ?","We can turn it on , walk around , dance , make a sandwich .","With DSL , there 's no dancing , no walking , and we 'd starve .","It 'd be all work and no play .","Have you not seen The Shining , Mom ? ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9042857874770379077","input":"where do the international date line and equator cross","passages":[{"title":"International Date Line","text":"The concept behind the IDL ( though not the IDL itself , which did not yet exist ) appears as a plot device in Jules Verne 's book Around the World in Eighty Days ( 1873 ) . The main protagonist , Phileas Fogg , travels eastward around the world . He had bet with his friends that he could do it in 80 days . To win the wager , Fogg must return by 8 : 45 pm on Saturday , 21 December 1872 . However , the journey suffers a series of delays and when Fogg reaches London , it 's 8 : 50 pm on Friday , 20 December , although he believes it 's Saturday , 21 December and that he has lost the wager by a margin of only five minutes . The next day , however , it is revealed that the day is Saturday , not Sunday , and Fogg arrives at his club just in time to win the bet . Verne explains :","sentences":["The concept behind the IDL ( though not the IDL itself , which did not yet exist ) appears as a plot device in Jules Verne 's book Around the World in Eighty Days ( 1873 ) .","The main protagonist , Phileas Fogg , travels eastward around the world .","He had bet with his friends that he could do it in 80 days .","To win the wager , Fogg must return by 8 : 45 pm on Saturday , 21 December 1872 .","However , the journey suffers a series of delays and when Fogg reaches London , it 's 8 : 50 pm on Friday , 20 December , although he believes it 's Saturday , 21 December and that he has lost the wager by a margin of only five minutes .","The next day , however , it is revealed that the day is Saturday , not Sunday , and Fogg arrives at his club just in time to win the bet .","Verne explains :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"323290025267675333","input":"when does castiel get his grace back season 9","passages":[{"title":"Supernatural (season 9)","text":"Crowley is addicted to human blood , but after the demon he uses to get it betrays him to Abaddon , he calls in Sam and Dean . Crowley , Sam , and Dean team up to locate the First Blade which has passed among various owners since its discovery by an unmanned submarine in the Mariana Trench . Finally , they track the Blade to a rogue Man of Letters named Cuthbert Sinclair ( Kavan Smith ) . Locating his lair , Sam and Dean learn that Magnus is a collector of creatures and rare objects such as the Blade and as he needs Dean to use the Blade , he imprisons him and sends Sam away . Sam and Crowley manage to get back in , but Sam is captured . Crowley frees Dean who kills Magnus with the First Blade , after which Sam realizes the Blade is having a strange effect on Dean . Crowley then takes the Blade as he does n't trust Sam and Dean not to kill him and will only give it back to them once they have tracked down Abaddon .","sentences":["Crowley is addicted to human blood , but after the demon he uses to get it betrays him to Abaddon , he calls in Sam and Dean .","Crowley , Sam , and Dean team up to locate the First Blade which has passed among various owners since its discovery by an unmanned submarine in the Mariana Trench .","Finally , they track the Blade to a rogue Man of Letters named Cuthbert Sinclair ( Kavan Smith ) .","Locating his lair , Sam and Dean learn that Magnus is a collector of creatures and rare objects such as the Blade and as he needs Dean to use the Blade , he imprisons him and sends Sam away .","Sam and Crowley manage to get back in , but Sam is captured .","Crowley frees Dean who kills Magnus with the First Blade , after which Sam realizes the Blade is having a strange effect on Dean .","Crowley then takes the Blade as he does n't trust Sam and Dean not to kill him and will only give it back to them once they have tracked down Abaddon ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7604641338516410508","input":"mayweather vs pacquiao how many times have they fought","passages":[{"title":"Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Manny Pacquiao","text":"Mayweather came out swinging in the eleventh round , landing just below his highest volume of the fight . The action then stalled as Pacquiao struggled to land much on a defensive - minded Mayweather , who ducked the attacks . Pacquiao forced Mayweather to the corner , but Mayweather landed a clean hit on Pacquiao 's chin . However , Pacquiao still managed to hit solid punches in a fast pace . The judges unanimously scored the round in favor of Mayweather . In the final round , Pacquiao attempted to attack with Mayweather mostly looking to avoid his punches by running across the ring . Mayweather kept the fight in the center of the ring , but Pacquiao did land some inside counters . All three judges gave the round to Mayweather .","sentences":["Mayweather came out swinging in the eleventh round , landing just below his highest volume of the fight .","The action then stalled as Pacquiao struggled to land much on a defensive - minded Mayweather , who ducked the attacks .","Pacquiao forced Mayweather to the corner , but Mayweather landed a clean hit on Pacquiao 's chin .","However , Pacquiao still managed to hit solid punches in a fast pace .","The judges unanimously scored the round in favor of Mayweather .","In the final round , Pacquiao attempted to attack with Mayweather mostly looking to avoid his punches by running across the ring .","Mayweather kept the fight in the center of the ring , but Pacquiao did land some inside counters .","All three judges gave the round to Mayweather ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5689538168371324278","input":"when did the bantu migrate to south africa","passages":[{"title":"Bantu peoples in South Africa","text":"Traditionally , communities live in two different types of houses . The Nguni use the beehive house , a circular structure out of long poles , which is covered with grass . The huts of the Sotho -- Tswana , Venda and Shangana Tsonga use the cone and cylinder house types . A cylindrical wall is formed out of vertical posts , which is sealed with mud and cow dung . The roof is built from tied - together poles . The floor of both types is compressed earth .","sentences":["Traditionally , communities live in two different types of houses .","The Nguni use the beehive house , a circular structure out of long poles , which is covered with grass .","The huts of the Sotho -- Tswana , Venda and Shangana Tsonga use the cone and cylinder house types .","A cylindrical wall is formed out of vertical posts , which is sealed with mud and cow dung .","The roof is built from tied - together poles .","The floor of both types is compressed earth ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8634532019568488671","input":"when nominating a justice to the supreme court presidents","passages":[{"title":"Appointment and confirmation to the Supreme Court of the United States","text":"Less commonly , though with historical precedent , vacancies may occur as a result of Congress changing the size of the Court . Because the Constitution does not specify the Court 's size , it was left to Congress to determine the matter through law , and a small number of statutes have legally changed the size of the Court throughout its history . Changing the Court 's size can have the effect of changing the seats on the Court ; a newly created seat brings with it a vacancy which must be filled by an initial officeholder . The original Judiciary Act of 1789 called for six justices , vacancies promptly filled by the appointments of George Washington , resulting in the Court 's first complete composition . An 1801 act called for the Court to be reduced to five justices upon its next vacancy , but was swiftly obviated by an 1802 act which restored the Court 's legal size to six before any such vacancy occurred . In 1807 , the Court 's size was increased to seven , creating one new vacancy filled by Thomas Todd . Again in 1837 , the Court 's size was increased to nine , the two new vacancies being filled by John Catron and John McKinley . An 1863 act increased the Court 's size to ten , the vacancy being filled by Stephen Johnson Field . Although an 1866 act provided that the Court 's size would be thinned from ten to seven through attrition ( and which did result in the elimination of two seats while in effect ) , a final 1869 act interrupted the plan set forth in 1866 : the Court 's size shall be nine , the legally prescribed full strength which has stood ever since . Consequently , one final seat was created and filled by Joseph Bradley .","sentences":["Less commonly , though with historical precedent , vacancies may occur as a result of Congress changing the size of the Court .","Because the Constitution does not specify the Court 's size , it was left to Congress to determine the matter through law , and a small number of statutes have legally changed the size of the Court throughout its history .","Changing the Court 's size can have the effect of changing the seats on the Court ; a newly created seat brings with it a vacancy which must be filled by an initial officeholder .","The original Judiciary Act of 1789 called for six justices , vacancies promptly filled by the appointments of George Washington , resulting in the Court 's first complete composition .","An 1801 act called for the Court to be reduced to five justices upon its next vacancy , but was swiftly obviated by an 1802 act which restored the Court 's legal size to six before any such vacancy occurred .","In 1807 , the Court 's size was increased to seven , creating one new vacancy filled by Thomas Todd .","Again in 1837 , the Court 's size was increased to nine , the two new vacancies being filled by John Catron and John McKinley .","An 1863 act increased the Court 's size to ten , the vacancy being filled by Stephen Johnson Field .","Although an 1866 act provided that the Court 's size would be thinned from ten to seven through attrition ( and which did result in the elimination of two seats while in effect ) , a final 1869 act interrupted the plan set forth in 1866 : the Court 's size shall be nine , the legally prescribed full strength which has stood ever since .","Consequently , one final seat was created and filled by Joseph Bradley ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2856236276119404499","input":"when did track and field become part of the winter olympics","passages":[{"title":"Winter Olympic Games","text":"Sport Years Events Medal events contested in 2014 Alpine skiing Since 1936 11 Men 's and women 's downhill , super G , giant slalom , slalom , and combined , and parallel slalom . Biathlon Since 1960 11 Sprint ( men : 10 km ; women : 7.5 km ) , the individual ( men : 20 km ; women : 15 km ) , pursuit ( men : 12.5 km ; women : 10 km ) , relay ( men : 4x7. 5 km ; women : 4x6 km ; mixed : 2x7. 5 km + 2x6 km ) , and the mass start ( men : 15 km ; women : 12.5 km ) . Bobsleigh Since 1924 ( except 1960 ) Four - man race , two - man race and two - woman race . Cross-country skiing Since 1924 12 Men 's sprint , team sprint , 30 km pursuit , 15 km , 50 km and 4x10 km relay ; women 's sprint , team sprint , 15 km pursuit , 10 km , 30 km and 4x5 km relay . Curling 1924 , since 1998 Men 's , women 's and mixed doubles . tournaments . Figure skating Since 1924 5 Men 's and women 's singles ; pairs ; ice dancing and team event . Freestyle skiing Since 1992 10 Men 's and women 's moguls , aerials , ski cross , superpipe , and slopestyle . Ice hockey Since 1924 Men 's and women 's tournaments . Luge Since 1964 Men 's and women 's singles , men 's doubles , team relay . Nordic combined Since 1924 Men 's 10 km individual normal hill , 10 km individual large hill and team . Short track speed skating Since 1992 8 Men 's and women 's 500 m , 1000 m , 1500 m ; women 's 3000 m relay ; and men 's 5000 m relay . Skeleton 1928 , 1948 , Since 2002 Men 's and women 's events . Ski jumping Since 1924 Men 's individual large hill , team large hill ; men 's and women 's individual normal hill . Snowboarding Since 1998 8 Men 's and women 's parallel , half - pipe , snowboard cross , and slopestyle . Speed skating Since 1924 14 Men 's and women 's 500 m , 1000 m , 1500 m , 5000 m , Massstart and team pursuit ; women 's 3000 m ; men 's 10,000 m .","sentences":["Sport Years Events Medal events contested in 2014 Alpine skiing Since 1936 11 Men 's and women 's downhill , super G , giant slalom , slalom , and combined , and parallel slalom .","Biathlon","Since 1960 11 Sprint ( men : 10 km ; women : 7.5 km ) , the individual ( men : 20 km ; women : 15 km ) , pursuit ( men : 12.5 km ; women : 10 km ) , relay ( men : 4x7.","5 km ; women : 4x6 km ; mixed : 2x7.","5 km + 2x6 km ) , and the mass start ( men : 15 km ; women : 12.5 km ) .","Bobsleigh Since 1924 ( except 1960 )","Four - man race , two - man race and two - woman race .","Cross-country skiing Since 1924 12 Men 's sprint , team sprint , 30 km pursuit , 15 km , 50 km and 4x10 km relay ; women 's sprint , team sprint , 15 km pursuit , 10 km , 30 km and 4x5 km relay .","Curling 1924 , since 1998 Men 's , women 's and mixed doubles .","tournaments .","Figure skating Since 1924 5 Men 's and women 's singles ; pairs ; ice dancing and team event .","Freestyle skiing Since 1992 10 Men 's and women 's moguls , aerials , ski cross , superpipe , and slopestyle .","Ice hockey Since 1924 Men 's and women 's tournaments .","Luge Since 1964 Men 's and women 's singles , men 's doubles , team relay .","Nordic combined Since 1924 Men 's 10 km individual normal hill , 10 km individual large hill and team .","Short track speed skating Since 1992 8 Men 's and women 's 500 m , 1000 m , 1500 m ; women 's 3000 m relay ; and men 's 5000 m relay .","Skeleton 1928 , 1948 , Since 2002 Men 's and women 's events .","Ski jumping Since 1924 Men 's individual large hill , team large hill ; men 's and women 's individual normal hill .","Snowboarding Since 1998 8 Men 's and women 's parallel , half - pipe , snowboard cross , and slopestyle .","Speed skating Since 1924 14 Men 's and women 's 500 m , 1000 m , 1500 m , 5000 m , Massstart and team pursuit ; women 's 3000 m ; men 's 10,000 m ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8106879569132770681","input":"how long is it from bradford to london","passages":[{"title":"Bradford","text":"Among Bradford born people who made significant contributions to the arts were David Hockney , painter , draughtsman , printmaker , stage designer and photographer , who was born in the city and educated at Bradford Grammar School . Frederick Delius ( 1862 -- 1934 ) was a composer born to a family of German descent in the city and J.B. Priestley ( 1894 -- 1984 ) was a novelist and playwright . Sir William Rothenstein was a painter , draughtsman and writer on art who was principal of the Royal College of Art from 1920 to 1935 . In the genre of classical music Rodney Friend is an English violinist , born ( 1940 ) , In 1964 he became the youngest ever leader of the London Philharmonic Orchestra . In the field of science and medicine , Friederich Wilhelm Eurich ( 1867 -- 1945 ) , professor of forensic medicine and bacteriologist , did much to conquer anthrax in the wool trade . Sir","sentences":["Among Bradford born people who made significant contributions to the arts were David Hockney , painter , draughtsman , printmaker , stage designer and photographer , who was born in the city and educated at Bradford Grammar School .","Frederick Delius ( 1862 -- 1934 ) was a composer born to a family of German descent in the city and J.B. Priestley ( 1894 -- 1984 ) was a novelist and playwright .","Sir William Rothenstein was a painter , draughtsman and writer on art who was principal of the Royal College of Art from 1920 to 1935 .","In the genre of classical music Rodney Friend is an English violinist , born ( 1940 ) , In 1964 he became the youngest ever leader of the London Philharmonic Orchestra .","In the field of science and medicine , Friederich Wilhelm Eurich ( 1867 -- 1945 ) , professor of forensic medicine and bacteriologist , did much to conquer anthrax in the wool trade .","Sir"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6434461174092143681","input":"land of nod on the east of eden","passages":[{"title":"Land of Nod","text":"Land of Nod Road is the name of a residential road in Windham , Maine , USA ( 43 \u00b0 45 \u2032 02 '' N 70 \u00b0 22 \u2032 43 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.7506 \u00b0 N 70.3787 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 43.7506 ; - 70.3787 \ufeff ( Land of Nod , Windham , Maine ) ) , and a private road in Headley Down , Hampshire , UK ( 51 \u00b0 07 \u2032 16 '' N 0 \u00b0 47 \u2032 59 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 51.1211 \u00b0 N 0.7998 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 51.1211 ; - 0.7998 \ufeff ( Land of Nod , Headley Down ) ) .","sentences":["Land of Nod Road is the name of a residential road in Windham , Maine , USA ( 43 \u00b0 45 \u2032 02 ''","N 70 \u00b0 22 \u2032 43 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 43.7506 \u00b0","N 70.3787 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 43.7506 ; - 70.3787 \ufeff ( Land of Nod , Windham , Maine ) ) , and a private road in Headley Down , Hampshire , UK ( 51 \u00b0 07 \u2032 16 ''","N 0 \u00b0 47","\u2032 59 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 51.1211 \u00b0 N 0.7998 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 51.1211 ; - 0.7998 \ufeff ( Land of Nod , Headley Down ) ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6295494685614370856","input":"in the context of religions in china the term confucianism","passages":[{"title":"The Religion of China: Confucianism and Taoism","text":"The sociologist Andreas Buss wrote in 1985 that many Western scholars felt the so - called `` Weber - thesis '' belonged to a `` bygone era '' yet it continued to inspire discussion and reference . He cautioned that English language scholars would find it difficult to read Weber . One problem is that Weber did not intend the essays on China and India to be read separately or as definitive treatments . His purpose was to sketch selected elements in Indian or Chinese culture to contrast with and test his essay `` The Protestant Ethic and the Rise of Capitalism . '' The essay on Confucianism and Taoism was published in English under `` misleading '' title , The Religion of China , a title which does `` not at all reflect Weber 's intentions '' . In addition , Buss continued , the translations are of `` poor quality '' , even a `` disgrace '' , and add to the misunderstanding that Weber over-generalized .","sentences":["The sociologist Andreas Buss wrote in 1985 that many Western scholars felt the so - called `` Weber - thesis '' belonged to a `` bygone era ''","yet it continued to inspire discussion and reference .","He cautioned that English language scholars would find it difficult to read Weber .","One problem is that Weber did not intend the essays on China and India to be read separately or as definitive treatments .","His purpose was to sketch selected elements in Indian or Chinese culture to contrast with and test his essay `` The Protestant Ethic and the Rise of Capitalism . ''","The essay on Confucianism and Taoism was published in English under `` misleading '' title , The Religion of China , a title which does `` not at all reflect Weber 's intentions '' .","In addition , Buss continued , the translations are of `` poor quality '' , even a `` disgrace '' , and add to the misunderstanding that Weber over-generalized ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8488768311737509391","input":"what episode does olivia and elliot sleep together","passages":[{"title":"Olivia Benson","text":"It is suggested throughout season 17 that Benson is in a relationship with Capt . Ed Tucker ( Robert John Burke ) of Internal Affairs . In `` Manhattan Transfer '' , they are forced to confirm their relationship when Tucker is accused -- by his own cousin , a priest -- of being complicit with a sex trafficking ring that has ties to Vice and the Catholic Church . Tucker is eventually cleared , and he continues his relationship with Benson . In season 18 , Tucker tries to convince Benson to retire with him , though at the conclusion of the episode `` Next Chapter '' , Benson realizes she is not ready to do so , as being a cop is part of who she is . As a result , Benson breaks it off with Tucker at the end of the episode `` Chasing Theo '' .","sentences":["It is suggested throughout season 17 that Benson is in a relationship with Capt .","Ed Tucker ( Robert John Burke ) of Internal Affairs .","In `` Manhattan Transfer '' , they are forced to confirm their relationship when Tucker is accused -- by his own cousin , a priest -- of being complicit with a sex trafficking ring that has ties to Vice and the Catholic Church .","Tucker is eventually cleared , and he continues his relationship with Benson .","In season 18 , Tucker tries to convince Benson to retire with him , though at the conclusion of the episode `` Next Chapter '' , Benson realizes she is not ready to do so , as being a cop is part of who she is .","As a result , Benson breaks it off with Tucker at the end of the episode `` Chasing Theo '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3375375656133637547","input":"what does the constitution say about inferior courts","passages":[{"title":"Article Three of the United States Constitution","text":"A significant omission is that although Clause 1 provides that federal judicial power shall extend to `` the laws of the United States , '' it does not also provide that it shall extend to the laws of the several or individual states . In turn , the Judiciary Act of 1789 and subsequent acts never granted the U.S. Supreme Court the power to review decisions of state supreme courts on pure issues of state law . It is this silence which tacitly made state supreme courts the final expositors of the common law in their respective states . They were free to diverge from English precedents and from each other on the vast majority of legal issues which had never been made part of federal law by the Constitution , and the U.S. Supreme Court could do nothing about that , as it would ultimately concede in Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins ( 1938 ) . By way of contrast , other English - speaking federations like Australia and Canada never adopted the Erie doctrine . That is , their highest courts have always possessed plenary power to impose a uniform nationwide common law upon all lower courts and never adopted the strong American distinction between federal and state common law .","sentences":["A significant omission is that although Clause 1 provides that federal judicial power shall extend to `` the laws of the United States , '' it does not also provide that it shall extend to the laws of the several or individual states .","In turn , the Judiciary Act of 1789 and subsequent acts never granted the U.S. Supreme Court the power to review decisions of state supreme courts on pure issues of state law .","It is this silence which tacitly made state supreme courts the final expositors of the common law in their respective states .","They were free to diverge from English precedents and from each other on the vast majority of legal issues which had never been made part of federal law by the Constitution , and the U.S. Supreme Court could do nothing about that , as it would ultimately concede in Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins ( 1938 ) .","By way of contrast , other English - speaking federations like Australia and Canada never adopted the Erie doctrine .","That is , their highest courts have always possessed plenary power to impose a uniform nationwide common law upon all lower courts and never adopted the strong American distinction between federal and state common law ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8466421823143190851","input":"where does the whole 9 yards come from","passages":[{"title":"The whole nine yards","text":"Perhaps the most commonly offered explanation is that World War II ( 1939 -- 1945 ) aircraft machine gun belts were nine yards long . There are many versions of this explanation with variations regarding type of plane , nationality of gunner and geographic area . An alternative weapon is the ammunition belt for the British Vickers machine gun , invented and adopted by the British Army before World War I ( 1914 -- 1918 ) . The standard belt for this gun held 250 rounds of ammunition and was approximately twenty feet ( under seven yards ) in length . However , the Vickers gun as fitted to aircraft during the First World War usually had ammunition containers capable of accommodating linked belts of 350 - 400 rounds , the average length of such a belt being about nine yards , and it was thought that this may be the origin of the phrase . This theory is no longer considered viable , since the phrase predates World War I .","sentences":["Perhaps the most commonly offered explanation is that World War II ( 1939 -- 1945 ) aircraft machine gun belts were nine yards long .","There are many versions of this explanation with variations regarding type of plane , nationality of gunner and geographic area .","An alternative weapon is the ammunition belt for the British Vickers machine gun , invented and adopted by the British Army before World War I ( 1914 -- 1918 ) .","The standard belt for this gun held 250 rounds of ammunition and was approximately twenty feet ( under seven yards ) in length .","However , the Vickers gun as fitted to aircraft during the First World War usually had ammunition containers capable of accommodating linked belts of 350 - 400 rounds , the average length of such a belt being about nine yards , and it was thought that this may be the origin of the phrase .","This theory is no longer considered viable , since the phrase predates World War I ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5710545228145888629","input":"what is taylor swifts look what you made me do about","passages":[{"title":"Look What You Made Me Do","text":"Preparation for the music video began in January , while the shooting took place in May . The dance was choreographed by Tyce Diorio , who had worked with Swift on `` Shake It Off '' before . Swift 's make - up as a zombie was done by Bill Corso . Post-production of the video lasted until the morning of its release . A 20 - second music video teaser was released on Good Morning America on August 25 . The teaser , upon release , was criticized on Twitter due to similarities to Beyonc\u00e9 's `` Formation '' video . Kahn turned to Twitter to dismiss the claims , stated that he had `` worked with Beyonc\u00e9 a few times '' , and that the music video is not in the way of her `` art space '' . Kahn also remarked that the video is derived from `` ( an ) obscene K Pop video made in ( a ) North Korean prison in 2006 '' , referencing to when he was accused for plagiarizing 2NE1 's `` Come Back Home '' video with `` Bad Blood '' in 2015 .","sentences":["Preparation for the music video began in January , while the shooting took place in May .","The dance was choreographed by Tyce Diorio , who had worked with Swift on `` Shake It Off '' before .","Swift 's make - up as a zombie was done by Bill Corso .","Post-production of the video lasted until the morning of its release .","A 20 - second music video teaser was released on Good Morning America on August 25 .","The teaser , upon release , was criticized on Twitter due to similarities to Beyonc\u00e9 's `` Formation '' video .","Kahn turned to Twitter to dismiss the claims , stated that he had `` worked with Beyonc\u00e9 a few times '' , and that the music video is not in the way of her `` art space '' .","Kahn also remarked that the video is derived from `` ( an ) obscene K Pop video made in ( a ) North Korean prison in 2006 '' , referencing to when he was accused for plagiarizing 2NE1 's `` Come Back Home '' video with `` Bad Blood '' in 2015 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3354706125628684466","input":"when is the next episode of spirit riding free coming out","passages":[{"title":"Spirit Riding Free","text":"Expecting a welcome back to Miradero by the town 's children , Lucky , Pru , and Abigail are dismayed to find their homecoming overshadowed by Maricela 's new bicycle and her new closeness to Turo , who did n't even notice them being gone for weeks . Only Snips is jealous of their having joined the circus , and stops talking to them , except through his donkey Se\u00f1or Carrots . Meanwhile , though Lucky is discomfited to learn that her father has given her schoolteacher a riding horse named Tambourine as an engagement present , she offers to help Miss Flores learn to ride . Making use of her new transport , Maricela tries accompanying the PALs around the frontier , but disparages their hangout spots one by one , then irks them further by stealing their idea for a meteor - watching picnic atop Punta Libre . When Maricela 's bicycle sends her over a ledge on the way to the picnic , the PALs ' rescue attempt leaves them all stranded together , until Miss Flores and Tambourine chance upon them with a rope ladder . As Lucky comes to terms with all the changes in her life , Lucky , Abigail , Pru , and Maricela spot four shooting stars , one for each of them .","sentences":["Expecting a welcome back to Miradero by the town 's children , Lucky , Pru , and Abigail are dismayed to find their homecoming overshadowed by Maricela 's new bicycle and her new closeness to Turo , who did n't even notice them being gone for weeks .","Only Snips is jealous of their having joined the circus , and stops talking to them , except through his donkey Se\u00f1or Carrots .","Meanwhile , though Lucky is discomfited to learn that her father has given her schoolteacher a riding horse named Tambourine as an engagement present , she offers to help Miss Flores learn to ride .","Making use of her new transport , Maricela tries accompanying the PALs around the frontier , but disparages their hangout spots one by one , then irks them further by stealing their idea for a meteor - watching picnic atop Punta Libre .","When Maricela 's bicycle sends her over a ledge on the way to the picnic , the PALs ' rescue attempt leaves them all stranded together , until Miss Flores and Tambourine chance upon them with a rope ladder .","As Lucky comes to terms with all the changes in her life , Lucky , Abigail , Pru , and Maricela spot four shooting stars , one for each of them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6914580298248690263","input":"how many chapter does the great gatsby have","passages":[{"title":"The Great Gatsby","text":"Fitzgerald 's visits to Long Island 's north shore and his experience attending parties at mansions inspired The Great Gatsby 's setting . Today , there are a number of theories as to which mansion was the inspiration for the book . One possibility is Land 's End , a notable Gold Coast Mansion where Fitzgerald may have attended a party . Many of the events in Fitzgerald 's early life are reflected throughout The Great Gatsby . Fitzgerald was a young man from Minnesota , and like Nick , he was educated at an Ivy League school , Princeton ( in Nick 's case , Yale ) . Fitzgerald is also similar to Jay Gatsby , in that he fell in love while stationed far from home in the military and fell into a life of decadence trying to prove himself to the girl he loved . Fitzgerald became a second lieutenant and was stationed at Camp Sheridan , in Montgomery , Alabama . There he met and fell in love with a wild seventeen - year - old beauty named Zelda Sayre . Zelda finally agreed to marry him , but her preference for wealth , fun , and leisure led her to delay their wedding until he could prove a success . Like Nick in The Great Gatsby , Fitzgerald found this new lifestyle seductive and exciting , and , like Gatsby , he had always idolized the very rich . In many ways , The Great Gatsby represents Fitzgerald 's attempt to confront his conflicting feelings about the Jazz Age . Like Gatsby , Fitzgerald was driven by his love for a woman who symbolized everything he wanted , even as she led him toward everything he despised .","sentences":["Fitzgerald 's visits to Long Island 's north shore and his experience attending parties at mansions inspired The Great Gatsby 's setting .","Today , there are a number of theories as to which mansion was the inspiration for the book .","One possibility is Land 's End , a notable Gold Coast Mansion where Fitzgerald may have attended a party .","Many of the events in Fitzgerald 's early life are reflected throughout The Great Gatsby .","Fitzgerald was a young man from Minnesota , and like Nick , he was educated at an Ivy League school , Princeton ( in Nick 's case , Yale ) .","Fitzgerald is also similar to Jay Gatsby , in that he fell in love while stationed far from home in the military and fell into a life of decadence trying to prove himself to the girl he loved .","Fitzgerald became a second lieutenant and was stationed at Camp Sheridan , in Montgomery , Alabama .","There he met and fell in love with a wild seventeen - year - old beauty named Zelda Sayre .","Zelda finally agreed to marry him , but her preference for wealth , fun , and leisure led her to delay their wedding until he could prove a success .","Like Nick in The Great Gatsby , Fitzgerald found this new lifestyle seductive and exciting , and , like Gatsby , he had always idolized the very rich .","In many ways , The Great Gatsby represents Fitzgerald 's attempt to confront his conflicting feelings about the Jazz Age .","Like Gatsby , Fitzgerald was driven by his love for a woman who symbolized everything he wanted , even as she led him toward everything he despised ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6599621690285869546","input":"when did the constitution require presidents to step down after two terms","passages":[{"title":"History of the United States Constitution","text":"The Constitutional Convention created a new , unprecedented form of government by reallocating powers of government . Every previous national authority had been either a centralized government , or a `` confederation of sovereign constituent states . '' The American power - sharing was unique at the time . The sources and changes of power were up to the states . The foundations of government and extent of power came from both national and state sources . But the new government would have a national operation . To meet their goals of cementing the Union and securing citizen rights , Framers allocated power among executive , senate , house and judiciary of the central government . But each state government in their variety continued exercising powers in their own sphere . Increase","sentences":["The Constitutional Convention created a new , unprecedented form of government by reallocating powers of government .","Every previous national authority had been either a centralized government , or a `` confederation of sovereign constituent states . ''","The American power - sharing was unique at the time .","The sources and changes of power were up to the states .","The foundations of government and extent of power came from both national and state sources .","But the new government would have a national operation .","To meet their goals of cementing the Union and securing citizen rights , Framers allocated power among executive , senate , house and judiciary of the central government .","But each state government in their variety continued exercising powers in their own sphere .","Increase"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7846519107261188311","input":"where does david letterman film my next guest","passages":[{"title":"My Next Guest Needs No Introduction with David Letterman","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Featured guest Original release date `` Barack Obama '' `` It 's a Whole New Ball Game Now '' Barack Obama January 12 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 12 ) Cold open : Letterman interviewing Obama on Late Show with David Letterman . On - location segment : Walking with Congressman John Lewis across the Edmund Pettus Bridge , site of the civil rights movement 's Bloody Sunday in 1965 . `` George Clooney '' `` You Be the Newsman , I 'll Be Liz Taylor '' George Clooney February 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 02 - 09 ) Cold open : Letterman and Clooney outside of LAX watching planes land and eating fast food . On - location segment : At the home of Nick Clooney meeting Iraqi refugee Hazim Avdal whom the Clooney family is sponsoring . `` Malala Yousafzai '' `` You Know , She Has a Nobel Peace Prize '' Malala Yousafzai March 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 09 ) Cold open : Letterman accompanies Yousafzai as she leads a tour group at Lady Margaret Hall , Oxford . On - location segment : Yousafzai continues to lead the tour group as Letterman tags along , the pair browse in the University of Oxford shop , and Letterman eats lunch with Yousafzai 's father . `` JAY - Z '' `` I Had a Paper Route Too '' Jay - Z April 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 06 ) Cold open : None On - location segment : Letterman visits Shangri La Studio , speaks with music producer Rick Rubin and listens to Madison Ryann Ward recording . 5 5 `` Tina Fey '' `` It 's Just Land Mine Hopscotch '' Tina Fey May 4 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 04 ) Cold open : None On - location segment : Letterman and Blues musician Buddy Guy eat chicken and fries at the Athenian Room , one of Tina Fey 's Chicago hangouts , while talking about the origins of the Chicago Blues . Later , Guy performs `` Skin Deep '' , accompanied by Paul Shaffer , at his nightclub , Buddy Guy 's Legends . 6 6 `` Howard Stern '' Howard Stern May 31 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 31 ) Cold open : Letterman interviewing Stern on Late Night with David Letterman . On - location segment : Letterman rides horses with paleontologist \/ geologist Christa Sadler at Grand Staircase - Escalante National Monument .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Featured guest Original release date `` Barack Obama '' `` It 's a Whole New Ball Game Now '' Barack Obama January 12 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 12 ) Cold open : Letterman interviewing Obama on Late Show with David Letterman .","On - location segment : Walking with Congressman John Lewis across the Edmund Pettus Bridge , site of the civil rights movement 's Bloody Sunday in 1965 .","`` George Clooney '' `` You Be the Newsman , I 'll Be Liz Taylor ''","George Clooney February 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 02 - 09 ) Cold open : Letterman and Clooney outside of LAX watching planes land and eating fast food .","On - location segment : At the home of Nick Clooney meeting Iraqi refugee Hazim Avdal whom the Clooney family is sponsoring .","`` Malala Yousafzai '' `` You Know , She Has a Nobel Peace Prize ''","Malala Yousafzai March 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 09 ) Cold open : Letterman accompanies Yousafzai as she leads a tour group at Lady Margaret Hall , Oxford .","On - location segment : Yousafzai continues to lead the tour group as Letterman tags along , the pair browse in the University of Oxford shop , and Letterman eats lunch with Yousafzai 's father .","`` JAY - Z '' `` I Had a Paper Route Too ''","Jay - Z April 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 04 - 06 )","Cold open : None On - location segment : Letterman visits Shangri La Studio , speaks with music producer Rick Rubin and listens to Madison Ryann Ward recording .","5 5 `` Tina Fey '' `` It 's Just Land Mine Hopscotch ''","Tina Fey May 4 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 04 )","Cold open : None On - location segment : Letterman and Blues musician Buddy Guy eat chicken and fries at the Athenian Room , one of Tina Fey 's Chicago hangouts , while talking about the origins of the Chicago Blues .","Later , Guy performs `` Skin Deep '' , accompanied by Paul Shaffer , at his nightclub , Buddy Guy 's Legends .","6 6 `` Howard Stern '' Howard Stern May 31 , 2018 ( 2018 - 05 - 31 ) Cold open : Letterman interviewing Stern on Late Night with David Letterman .","On - location segment :","Letterman rides horses with paleontologist \/ geologist Christa Sadler at Grand Staircase - Escalante National Monument ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1516149141925007851","input":"what do the colours mean on graduation gowns uk","passages":[{"title":"Academic dress in the United Kingdom","text":"Officers of the universities generally wear distinctive and more elaborate dress . The Chancellor and the Vice-Chancellor may wear a black damask lay type gown ( sometimes with a long train ) trimmed with gold or silver lace and frogs . They wear a velvet mortarboard , similarly trimmed with gold braid and tassel . This form of dress is not strictly ' academical ' but it is typical dress for those in high positions . Other than this gown , they may have other distinct forms of dress , such as the scarlet cappa clausa or cope worn in certain circumstances by the Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge or his \/ her deputy and by higher doctors presenting candidates for degrees , which was once worn by Doctors of Divinity . In the past , Chancellors may also wear full court dress with breeches and court shoes like that of the Lord Chancellor of Great Brsaaitain .","sentences":["Officers of the universities generally wear distinctive and more elaborate dress .","The Chancellor and the Vice-Chancellor may wear a black damask lay type gown ( sometimes with a long train ) trimmed with gold or silver lace and frogs .","They wear a velvet mortarboard , similarly trimmed with gold braid and tassel .","This form of dress is not strictly ' academical ' but it is typical dress for those in high positions .","Other than this gown , they may have other distinct forms of dress , such as the scarlet cappa clausa or cope worn in certain circumstances by the Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge or his \/ her deputy and by higher doctors presenting candidates for degrees , which was once worn by Doctors of Divinity .","In the past , Chancellors may also wear full court dress with breeches and court shoes like that of the Lord Chancellor of Great Brsaaitain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5965070854130033810","input":"where do you place the symbols that represent the state of matter in an equation","passages":[{"title":"Symbol","text":"`` a symbol , like everything else , shows a double aspect . We must distinguish , therefore between the ' sense ' and the ' meaning ' of the symbol . It seems to me perfectly clear that all the great and little symbolical systems of the past functioned simultaneously on three levels : the corporeal of waking consciousness , the spiritual of dream , and the ineffable of the absolutely unknowable . The term ' meaning ' can refer only to the first two but these , today , are in the charge of science -- which is the province as we have said , not of symbols but of signs . The ineffable , the absolutely unknowable , can be only sensed . It is the province of art which is not ' expression ' merely , or even primarily , but a quest for , and formulation of , experience evoking , energy - waking images : yielding what Sir Herbert Read has aptly termed a ' sensuous apprehension of being ' .","sentences":["`` a symbol , like everything else , shows a double aspect .","We must distinguish , therefore between the ' sense ' and the ' meaning ' of the symbol .","It seems to me perfectly clear that all the great and little symbolical systems of the past functioned simultaneously on three levels : the corporeal of waking consciousness , the spiritual of dream , and the ineffable of the absolutely unknowable .","The term ' meaning ' can refer only to the first two but these , today , are in the charge of science -- which is the province as we have said , not of symbols but of signs .","The ineffable , the absolutely unknowable , can be only sensed .","It is the province of art which is not ' expression ' merely , or even primarily , but a quest for , and formulation of , experience evoking , energy - waking images : yielding what Sir Herbert Read has aptly termed a ' sensuous apprehension of being ' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4108553482052262816","input":"where did the name fazoli's come from","passages":[{"title":"Fazoli's","text":"In October 2006 , Seed Restaurant Group sold the company to Sun Capital Partners for an undisclosed amount . At the time of the sale , Fazoli 's had a total of 319 locations , 179 of which were franchised , in 32 states . As part of the deal , Sun Capital replaced Toyoda with McDonald 's veteran Robert Weissmueller as Fazoli 's president and chief executive officer . In June 2008 , Weissmueller retired and was replaced with Carl Howard . When Howard took over , the company was suffering from declining sales and massive store closing as a result of severe cost cutting measures which was implemented by the previous management . The number of restaurants had been steadily declining after reaching a peak of 400 locations in 2004 . In July 2008 , a struggling franchisee in Arizona announced that it was closing all 13 of its Fazoli 's restaurants in the state .","sentences":["In October 2006 , Seed Restaurant Group sold the company to Sun Capital Partners for an undisclosed amount .","At the time of the sale , Fazoli 's had a total of 319 locations , 179 of which were franchised , in 32 states .","As part of the deal , Sun Capital replaced Toyoda with McDonald 's veteran Robert Weissmueller as Fazoli 's president and chief executive officer .","In June 2008 , Weissmueller retired and was replaced with Carl Howard .","When Howard took over , the company was suffering from declining sales and massive store closing as a result of severe cost cutting measures which was implemented by the previous management .","The number of restaurants had been steadily declining after reaching a peak of 400 locations in 2004 .","In July 2008 , a struggling franchisee in Arizona announced that it was closing all 13 of its Fazoli 's restaurants in the state ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3615676856211219926","input":"list at least three factors essential to the study of primate ecology","passages":[{"title":"Primate","text":"Thus , the members of the two sets of groups , and hence names , do not match , which causes problems in relating scientific names to common ( usually traditional ) names . Consider the superfamily Hominoidea : In terms of the common names on the right , this group consists of apes and humans and there is no single common name for all the members of the group . One remedy is to create a new common name , in this case `` hominoids '' . Another possibility is to expand the use of one of the traditional names . For example , in his 2005 book , the vertebrate palaeontologist Benton wrote , `` The apes , Hominoidea , today include the gibbons and orang - utan ... the gorilla and chimpanzee ... and humans '' ; thereby Benton was using `` apes '' to mean `` hominoids '' . In that case , the group heretofore called `` apes '' must now be identified as the `` non-human apes '' .","sentences":["Thus , the members of the two sets of groups , and hence names , do not match , which causes problems in relating scientific names to common ( usually traditional ) names .","Consider the superfamily Hominoidea :","In terms of the common names on the right , this group consists of apes and humans and there is no single common name for all the members of the group .","One remedy is to create a new common name , in this case `` hominoids '' .","Another possibility is to expand the use of one of the traditional names .","For example , in his 2005 book , the vertebrate palaeontologist Benton wrote , `` The apes , Hominoidea , today include the gibbons and orang - utan ...","the gorilla and chimpanzee ... and humans '' ; thereby Benton was using `` apes '' to mean `` hominoids '' .","In that case , the group heretofore called `` apes '' must now be identified as the `` non-human apes '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5876244076676483965","input":"high speed train announced in the indian railway budget 2016-17","passages":[{"title":"2016 Railway Budget of India","text":"Humsafar Express , an AC 3 - tier service with optional meal service , targeted at the middle class was announced . Tejas will be a semi-high speed train with a speed of 130 km \/ h . It will provide onboard WiFi , entertainment and local cuisine . Uday Express or Utkrisht Double Decker Air Conditioned Yatri Express will be double - decker trains with 40 % additional passenger capacity . They will run overnight on busy routes . Three new freight corridors were announced : Delhi to Chennai , Kharagpur to Mumbai , and Kharagpur to Vijaywada .","sentences":["Humsafar Express , an AC 3 - tier service with optional meal service , targeted at the middle class was announced .","Tejas will be a semi-high speed train with a speed of 130 km \/ h .","It will provide onboard WiFi , entertainment and local cuisine .","Uday Express or Utkrisht Double Decker Air Conditioned Yatri Express will be double - decker trains with 40 % additional passenger capacity .","They will run overnight on busy routes .","Three new freight corridors were announced : Delhi to Chennai , Kharagpur to Mumbai , and Kharagpur to Vijaywada ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6795756958423331251","input":"who claimed australia and new zealand for great britain in 1770","passages":[{"title":"First voyage of James Cook","text":"At Cook 's original landing contact was made with the local Australian Aboriginal inhabitants . As the ships sailed into the harbour , they noticed Aborigines on both of the headlands . At about 2 pm they put the anchor down near a group of six to eight huts . Two Aborigines , a younger and an older man , came down to the boat . They did not accept the offer of gifts from Cook , whose lack of knowledge of Aboriginal custom may have prevented him from behaving acceptably in such exchanges . A musket was fired over their heads , which wounded the older man slightly , and he ran towards the huts . He came back with other men and threw spears at Cook 's men , although they did no harm . They were chased off after two more rounds were fired . The adults had left , but Cook found several Aboriginal children in the huts , and left some beads with them as a gesture of friendship .","sentences":["At Cook 's original landing contact was made with the local Australian Aboriginal inhabitants .","As the ships sailed into the harbour , they noticed Aborigines on both of the headlands .","At about 2 pm they put the anchor down near a group of six to eight huts .","Two Aborigines , a younger and an older man , came down to the boat .","They did not accept the offer of gifts from Cook , whose lack of knowledge of Aboriginal custom may have prevented him from behaving acceptably in such exchanges .","A musket was fired over their heads , which wounded the older man slightly , and he ran towards the huts .","He came back with other men and threw spears at Cook 's men , although they did no harm .","They were chased off after two more rounds were fired .","The adults had left , but Cook found several Aboriginal children in the huts , and left some beads with them as a gesture of friendship ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1709011719953768894","input":"when did the first christian armies head for the holy land","passages":[{"title":"Crusades","text":"When Urban began preaching for the first campaign the word `` Crusade '' did not exist : instead , the terms iter , for journey , or peregrinatio , for pilgrimage , were used . Not until the word crucesignatus , for one who was signed with the cross , was adopted at the close of the 12th century was specific terminology developed . The Oxford English Dictionary links the etymology of the word `` crusade '' to the modern French croisade , Old French crois\u00e9e , Proven\u00e7al crozada , Spanish cruzada , Italian \/ medieval Latin crociata based on the verb `` to cross '' , `` a being crossed '' , `` a crossing '' or `` marking with the cross '' , or `` a taking the cross '' . The Middle English equivalents were derived from Old French ; croiserie in the 13th -- 15th centuries and crois\u00e9e in the 15 -- 17th century . `` Croisade '' appeared in English c. 1575 , and continued to be the leading form until c. 1760 . Although the term `` Crusade '' has been adopted by historians to describe the Christian holy wars from 1095 , the range of events to which it has been applied is so great that its use can create a misleading impression of coherence , particularly regarding the early Crusades .","sentences":["When Urban began preaching for the first campaign the word `` Crusade '' did not exist : instead , the terms iter , for journey , or peregrinatio , for pilgrimage , were used .","Not until the word crucesignatus , for one who was signed with the cross , was adopted at the close of the 12th century was specific terminology developed .","The Oxford English Dictionary links the etymology of the word `` crusade '' to the modern French croisade , Old French crois\u00e9e , Proven\u00e7al crozada , Spanish cruzada , Italian \/ medieval Latin crociata based on the verb `` to cross '' , `` a being crossed '' , `` a crossing '' or `` marking with the cross '' , or `` a taking the cross '' .","The Middle English equivalents were derived from Old French ; croiserie in the 13th -- 15th centuries and crois\u00e9e in the 15 -- 17th century .","`` Croisade '' appeared in English c. 1575 , and continued to be the leading form until c. 1760 .","Although the term `` Crusade '' has been adopted by historians to describe the Christian holy wars from 1095 , the range of events to which it has been applied is so great that its use can create a misleading impression of coherence , particularly regarding the early Crusades ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6487840341785896598","input":"what is the wavy line on a katana","passages":[{"title":"Japanese swordsmithing","text":"To produce a difference in hardness , the steel is cooled at different rates by controlling the thickness of the insulating layer . By carefully controlling the heating and cooling speeds of different parts of the blade , Japanese swordsmiths were able to produce a blade that had a softer body and a hard edge . This process also has two side effects that have come to characterize Japanese swords : 1 . ) It causes the blade to curve and 2 . ) It produces a visible boundary between the hard and soft steel . When quenched , the uninsulated edge contracts , causing the sword to first bend towards the edge . However , the edge can not contract fully before the martensite forms , because the rest of the sword remains hot and in a thermally expanded state . Because of the insulation , the sword spine remains hot and pliable for several seconds , but then contracts much more than the edge , causing the sword to bend away from the edge , which aids the smith in establishing the curvature of the blade . Also , the differentiated hardness and the methods of polishing the steel can result in the hamon \u5203 \u7d0b ( frequently translated as `` tempering line '' but better translated as `` hardening pattern '' ) . The hamon is the visible outline of the yakiba ( hardened portion ) and is used as a factor to judge both the quality and beauty of the finished blade . The various hamon patterns result from the manner in which the clay is applied . They can also act as an indicator of the style of sword - making , and sometimes as a signature for the individual smith . The differences in the hardenability of steels may be enhanced near the hamon , revealing layers or even different parts of the blade , such as the intersection between an edge made from edge - steel and sides made from skin - steel .","sentences":["To produce a difference in hardness , the steel is cooled at different rates by controlling the thickness of the insulating layer .","By carefully controlling the heating and cooling speeds of different parts of the blade , Japanese swordsmiths were able to produce a blade that had a softer body and a hard edge .","This process also has two side effects that have come to characterize Japanese swords : 1 . )","It causes the blade to curve and 2 . )","It produces a visible boundary between the hard and soft steel .","When quenched , the uninsulated edge contracts , causing the sword to first bend towards the edge .","However , the edge can not contract fully before the martensite forms , because the rest of the sword remains hot and in a thermally expanded state .","Because of the insulation , the sword spine remains hot and pliable for several seconds , but then contracts much more than the edge , causing the sword to bend away from the edge , which aids the smith in establishing the curvature of the blade .","Also , the differentiated hardness and the methods of polishing the steel can result in the hamon \u5203 \u7d0b ( frequently translated as `` tempering line '' but better translated as `` hardening pattern '' ) .","The hamon is the visible outline of the yakiba ( hardened portion ) and is used as a factor to judge both the quality and beauty of the finished blade .","The various hamon patterns result from the manner in which the clay is applied .","They can also act as an indicator of the style of sword - making , and sometimes as a signature for the individual smith .","The differences in the hardenability of steels may be enhanced near the hamon , revealing layers or even different parts of the blade , such as the intersection between an edge made from edge - steel and sides made from skin - steel ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2297733530829691014","input":"the aboriginal day of mourning january 26th 1938","passages":[{"title":"Day of Mourning (Australia)","text":"The day began with a march through the streets of Sydney , which was attended by both Aboriginal people and non-Indigenous supporters . The march began at the Sydney Town Hall , and concluded at the major event on the day , the Day of Mourning Congress , a political meeting for Aboriginal people only . It attracted many major Aboriginal leaders , including Pearl Gibbs and Margaret Tucker . The protesters had originally intended to hold the Congress in the Sydney Town Hall , but they were refused access , and instead held it at the nearby Australian Hall in Elizabeth Street . They were not allowed in through the front door and were told they could only enter through the rear door . The Congress was open to all Aboriginal people , and about 100 people attended , making it one of the first mass civil rights gatherings . The APA and AAL distributed a manifesto at the meeting , Aborigines Claim Citizens ' Rights , produced by Patten and APA secretary William Ferguson . The manifesto opened with a declaration that `` This festival of 150 years ' so - called ' progress ' in Australia commemorates also 150 years of misery and degradation imposed on the original native inhabitants by white invaders of this country . ''","sentences":["The day began with a march through the streets of Sydney , which was attended by both Aboriginal people and non-Indigenous supporters .","The march began at the Sydney Town Hall , and concluded at the major event on the day , the Day of Mourning Congress , a political meeting for Aboriginal people only .","It attracted many major Aboriginal leaders , including Pearl Gibbs and Margaret Tucker .","The protesters had originally intended to hold the Congress in the Sydney Town Hall , but they were refused access , and instead held it at the nearby Australian Hall in Elizabeth Street .","They were not allowed in through the front door and were told they could only enter through the rear door .","The Congress was open to all Aboriginal people , and about 100 people attended , making it one of the first mass civil rights gatherings .","The APA and AAL distributed a manifesto at the meeting , Aborigines Claim Citizens ' Rights , produced by Patten and APA secretary William Ferguson .","The manifesto opened with a declaration that `` This festival of 150 years ' so - called ' progress ' in Australia commemorates also 150 years of misery and degradation imposed on the original native inhabitants by white invaders of this country . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2336723104058192635","input":"how long did it take starbucks to become a billion dollar brand","passages":[{"title":"Starbucks","text":"In May 2017 , Starbucks announced it was commencing operations in Jamaica , where the first store is to open in the resort city of Montego Bay . The company announced that its first store would be on located on the shores of the world - famous Doctor 's Cave Beach , offering views of the Caribbean Sea . Three other Starbucks locations were scheduled to be opened at the Sangster International Airport , the busiest international airport in the Anglophone Caribbean , also in the city of Montego Bay , in late 2017 ( now set to February 2018 ) . Starbucks Jamaica expects thereafter to roll out a further 14 locations across the island by the year 2020 . The company also reaffirmed its commitment to working with local coffee farmers to `` implement systems to increase productivity and yields , while also increasing compliance to international standards . '' Starbucks Jamaica officially opened its first store on November 21 , 2017 , with plans to open 15 locations islandwide over a 5 - year period . The next store is set to open in Jamaica 's capital city , Kingston , in early 2018 .","sentences":["In May 2017 , Starbucks announced it was commencing operations in Jamaica , where the first store is to open in the resort city of Montego Bay .","The company announced that its first store would be on located on the shores of the world - famous Doctor 's Cave Beach , offering views of the Caribbean Sea .","Three other Starbucks locations were scheduled to be opened at the Sangster International Airport , the busiest international airport in the Anglophone Caribbean , also in the city of Montego Bay , in late 2017 ( now set to February 2018 ) .","Starbucks Jamaica expects thereafter to roll out a further 14 locations across the island by the year 2020 .","The company also reaffirmed its commitment to working with local coffee farmers to `` implement systems to increase productivity and yields , while also increasing compliance to international standards . ''","Starbucks Jamaica officially opened its first store on November 21 , 2017 , with plans to open 15 locations islandwide over a 5 - year period .","The next store is set to open in Jamaica 's capital city , Kingston , in early 2018 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2153397771403443164","input":"where is the tuba located in the orchestra","passages":[{"title":"String section","text":"( hide ) This section has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . ( December 2017 ) This section does not cite any sources . Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( December 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This section has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This section needs expansion .","You can help by adding to it .","( December 2017 )","This section does not cite any sources .","Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( December 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3448241490044342421","input":"how do you describe the relationship between lm and lp","passages":[{"title":"IS\u2013LM model","text":"1 ) Transactions demand for money : this includes both ( a ) the willingness to hold cash for everyday transactions and ( b ) a precautionary measure ( money demand in case of emergencies ) . Transactions demand is positively related to real GDP ( represented by Y , and also referred to as income ) . This is simply explained -- as GDP increases , so does spending and therefore transactions . As GDP is considered exogenous to the liquidity preference function , changes in GDP shift the curve . For example , an increase in GDP will increase transactions which will increase the demand for money for given interest rates , and cause the Liquidity preference curve to shift to the right . 2 ) Speculative demand for money : this is the willingness to hold cash instead of securities as an asset for investment purposes . Speculative demand is inversely related to the interest rate . As the interest rate rises , the opportunity cost of holding cash increases -- the incentive will be to move into securities .","sentences":["1 ) Transactions demand for money : this includes both ( a ) the willingness to hold cash for everyday transactions and ( b ) a precautionary measure ( money demand in case of emergencies ) .","Transactions demand is positively related to real GDP ( represented by Y , and also referred to as income ) .","This is simply explained -- as GDP increases , so does spending and therefore transactions .","As GDP is considered exogenous to the liquidity preference function , changes in GDP shift the curve .","For example , an increase in GDP will increase transactions which will increase the demand for money for given interest rates , and cause the Liquidity preference curve to shift to the right .","2 ) Speculative demand for money : this is the willingness to hold cash instead of securities as an asset for investment purposes .","Speculative demand is inversely related to the interest rate .","As the interest rate rises , the opportunity cost of holding cash increases -- the incentive will be to move into securities ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4989824462696063069","input":"who abdicated the throne to marry a divorced woman","passages":[{"title":"Edward VIII abdication crisis","text":"Following Simpson 's divorce hearing on 27 October 1936 , her solicitor , John Theodore Goddard , became concerned that there would be a `` patriotic '' citizen 's intervention ( a legal device to block the divorce ) , and that such an intervention would be successful . The courts could not grant a collaborative divorce ( a dissolution of marriage consented to by both parties ) , and so the case was being handled as if it were an undefended at - fault divorce brought against Ernest Simpson , with Wallis Simpson as the innocent , injured party . The divorce action would fail if the citizen 's intervention showed that the Simpsons had colluded by , for example , conniving in or staging the appearance of his adultery so that she could marry someone else . On Monday 7 December 1936 , the King heard that Goddard planned to fly to the south of France to see Wallis Simpson . The King summoned him and expressly forbade him to make the journey , fearing that the visit might put doubts in Simpson 's mind . Goddard went straight to Downing Street to see Baldwin , as a result of which he was provided with an aeroplane to take him directly to Cannes .","sentences":["Following Simpson 's divorce hearing on 27 October 1936 , her solicitor , John Theodore Goddard , became concerned that there would be a `` patriotic '' citizen 's intervention ( a legal device to block the divorce ) , and that such an intervention would be successful .","The courts could not grant a collaborative divorce ( a dissolution of marriage consented to by both parties ) , and so the case was being handled as if it were an undefended at - fault divorce brought against Ernest Simpson , with Wallis Simpson as the innocent , injured party .","The divorce action would fail if the citizen 's intervention showed that the Simpsons had colluded by , for example , conniving in or staging the appearance of his adultery so that she could marry someone else .","On Monday 7 December 1936 , the King heard that Goddard planned to fly to the south of France to see Wallis Simpson .","The King summoned him and expressly forbade him to make the journey , fearing that the visit might put doubts in Simpson 's mind .","Goddard went straight to Downing Street to see Baldwin , as a result of which he was provided with an aeroplane to take him directly to Cannes ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7737944454017167202","input":"where were the members of led zeppelin born","passages":[{"title":"Led Zeppelin","text":"In 1975 , Led Zeppelin 's double album Physical Graffiti was their first release on the Swan Song label . It consisted of fifteen songs , of which eight had been recorded at Headley Grange in 1974 and seven had been recorded earlier . A review in Rolling Stone magazine referred to Physical Graffiti as Led Zeppelin 's `` bid for artistic respectability '' , adding that the only bands Led Zeppelin had to compete with for the title `` The World 's Best Rock Band '' were the Rolling Stones and the Who . The album was a massive commercial and critical success . Shortly after the release of Physical Graffiti , all previous Led Zeppelin albums simultaneously re-entered the top - 200 album chart , and the band embarked on another North American tour , now employing sophisticated sound and lighting systems . In May 1975 , Led Zeppelin played five sold - out nights at the Earls Court Arena in London , at the time the largest arena in Britain .","sentences":["In 1975 , Led Zeppelin 's double album Physical Graffiti was their first release on the Swan Song label .","It consisted of fifteen songs , of which eight had been recorded at Headley Grange in 1974 and seven had been recorded earlier .","A review in Rolling Stone magazine referred to Physical Graffiti as Led Zeppelin 's `` bid for artistic respectability '' , adding that the only bands Led Zeppelin had to compete with for the title `` The World 's Best Rock Band '' were the Rolling Stones and the Who .","The album was a massive commercial and critical success .","Shortly after the release of Physical Graffiti , all previous Led Zeppelin albums simultaneously re-entered the top - 200 album chart , and the band embarked on another North American tour , now employing sophisticated sound and lighting systems .","In May 1975 , Led Zeppelin played five sold - out nights at the Earls Court Arena in London , at the time the largest arena in Britain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-212478036420973226","input":"following the civil war what type of society became predominant in america","passages":[{"title":"Society of the United States","text":"A funeral may be held immediately afterwards or the next day . The funeral ceremony varies according to religion and culture . American Catholics typically hold a funeral mass in a church , which sometimes takes the form of a Requiem mass . Jewish Americans may hold a service in a synagogue or temple . Pallbearers carry the coffin of the deceased to the hearse , which then proceeds in a procession to the place of final repose , usually a cemetery . The unique Jazz funeral of New Orleans features joyous and raucous music and dancing during the procession .","sentences":["A funeral may be held immediately afterwards or the next day .","The funeral ceremony varies according to religion and culture .","American Catholics typically hold a funeral mass in a church , which sometimes takes the form of a Requiem mass .","Jewish Americans may hold a service in a synagogue or temple .","Pallbearers carry the coffin of the deceased to the hearse , which then proceeds in a procession to the place of final repose , usually a cemetery .","The unique Jazz funeral of New Orleans features joyous and raucous music and dancing during the procession ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1357473012577609145","input":"who plays the chief in the good cop","passages":[{"title":"The Good Cop","text":"While playing poker in a pub , Tony Sr. spies a famous supermodel , Belinda Mannix ( Emma Ishta ) , sitting alone in a booth . He stops the game , goes over and introduces himself to her . After she fails to seem impressed , he saves his number in her phone . Tony Jr. is called to investigate the shooting murder of an aged man , Albert Monte , who is found dead in a hotel room . The investigation reveals that Monte hosted scandalous bachelor parties and was apparently shot by a hitman wearing a giant bunny head ; the murderer was caught on a surveillance camera exiting a service elevator . The morning after the poker game , Belinda unexpectedly shows up at the Caruso home , flirts with Tony Sr. , and asks to use his phone . However , the elder Caruso , hung over from the previous night 's drinking , ca n't find his phone and ca n't recall where he left it . Mannix , feigning concern over the loss of the phone while pretending to express romantic attraction to Tony Sr. , insists on helping him find it . Tony Jr. , while interrogating the murder victim 's business partner , discovers that Monte secretly filmed his parties with the intent of blackmailing the politicians , businessmen , and celebrities in attendance . Mannix meets the hitman in an underground garage , where it is disclosed that she arranged Monte 's murder . She tells the hitman , who she had met with in the pub the night before , that she accidentally butt - dialed Tony Sr. 's phone at the pub while she and the hitman were discussing the murder . After the hitman threatens her , she tases him in the neck , grabs his gun and shoots him dead . She returns to Tony Sr. and the increasingly desperate phone search . When Tony finally finds his phone in a taxi office lost and found , he hears the voice mail , realizes he 's being scammed , and lies to Belinda about finding his phone . Later that night , he goes over to Belinda 's house for a purported romantic tryst , but when she finds out that he has his phone and that he had listened to her voicemail , they get into a violent fight over the phone . Tony Jr. arrives in time to save the phone from being destroyed and they arrest Mannix .","sentences":["While playing poker in a pub , Tony Sr. spies a famous supermodel , Belinda Mannix ( Emma Ishta ) , sitting alone in a booth .","He stops the game , goes over and introduces himself to her .","After she fails to seem impressed , he saves his number in her phone .","Tony Jr. is called to investigate the shooting murder of an aged man , Albert Monte , who is found dead in a hotel room .","The investigation reveals that Monte hosted scandalous bachelor parties and was apparently shot by a hitman wearing a giant bunny head ; the murderer was caught on a surveillance camera exiting a service elevator .","The morning after the poker game , Belinda unexpectedly shows up at the Caruso home , flirts with Tony Sr. , and asks to use his phone .","However , the elder Caruso , hung over from the previous night 's drinking , ca n't find his phone and ca n't recall where he left it .","Mannix , feigning concern over the loss of the phone while pretending to express romantic attraction to Tony Sr. , insists on helping him find it .","Tony Jr. , while interrogating the murder victim 's business partner , discovers that Monte secretly filmed his parties with the intent of blackmailing the politicians , businessmen , and celebrities in attendance .","Mannix meets the hitman in an underground garage , where it is disclosed that she arranged Monte 's murder .","She tells the hitman , who she had met with in the pub the night before , that she accidentally butt - dialed Tony Sr. 's phone at the pub while she and the hitman were discussing the murder .","After the hitman threatens her , she tases him in the neck , grabs his gun and shoots him dead .","She returns to Tony Sr. and the increasingly desperate phone search .","When Tony finally finds his phone in a taxi office lost and found , he hears the voice mail , realizes he 's being scammed , and lies to Belinda about finding his phone .","Later that night , he goes over to Belinda 's house for a purported romantic tryst , but when she finds out that he has his phone and that he had listened to her voicemail , they get into a violent fight over the phone .","Tony Jr. arrives in time to save the phone from being destroyed and they arrest Mannix ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3716238000248745660","input":"who wanted to be with pakistan after the partition of 1947","passages":[{"title":"Partition of India","text":"The Muslim League conducted its own investigation into the conditions of Muslims under Congress - governed provinces . The findings of such investigations increased fear among the Muslim masses of future Hindu domination . The view that Muslims would be unfairly treated in an independent India dominated by the Congress was now a part of the public discourse of Muslims . With the outbreak of World War II in 1939 , the viceroy , Lord Linlithgow , declared war on India 's behalf without consulting Indian leaders , leading the Congress provincial ministries to resign in protest . The Muslim League , which functioned under state patronage , in contrast , organized `` Deliverance Day '' , celebrations ( from Congress dominance ) and supported Britain in the war effort . When Linlithgow , met with nationalist leaders , he gave the same status to Jinnah as he did to Gandhi , and a month later described the Congress as a `` Hindu organization . ''","sentences":["The Muslim League conducted its own investigation into the conditions of Muslims under Congress - governed provinces .","The findings of such investigations increased fear among the Muslim masses of future Hindu domination .","The view that Muslims would be unfairly treated in an independent India dominated by the Congress was now a part of the public discourse of Muslims .","With the outbreak of World War II in 1939 , the viceroy , Lord Linlithgow , declared war on India 's behalf without consulting Indian leaders , leading the Congress provincial ministries to resign in protest .","The Muslim League , which functioned under state patronage , in contrast , organized `` Deliverance Day '' , celebrations ( from Congress dominance ) and supported Britain in the war effort .","When Linlithgow , met with nationalist leaders , he gave the same status to Jinnah as he did to Gandhi , and a month later described the Congress as a `` Hindu organization . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8021740121748415758","input":"who was the game of football founded by","passages":[{"title":"Football","text":"Football was adopted by a number of public schools as a way of encouraging competitiveness and keeping youths fit . Each school drafted its own rules , which varied widely between different schools and were changed over time with each new intake of pupils . Two schools of thought developed regarding rules . Some schools favoured a game in which the ball could be carried ( as at Rugby , Marlborough and Cheltenham ) , while others preferred a game where kicking and dribbling the ball was promoted ( as at Eton , Harrow , Westminster and Charterhouse ) . The division into these two camps was partly the result of circumstances in which the games were played . For example , Charterhouse and Westminster at the time had restricted playing areas ; the boys were confined to playing their ball game within the school cloisters , making it difficult for them to adopt rough and tumble running games . Rugby","sentences":["Football was adopted by a number of public schools as a way of encouraging competitiveness and keeping youths fit .","Each school drafted its own rules , which varied widely between different schools and were changed over time with each new intake of pupils .","Two schools of thought developed regarding rules .","Some schools favoured a game in which the ball could be carried ( as at Rugby , Marlborough and Cheltenham ) , while others preferred a game where kicking and dribbling the ball was promoted ( as at Eton , Harrow , Westminster and Charterhouse ) .","The division into these two camps was partly the result of circumstances in which the games were played .","For example , Charterhouse and Westminster at the time had restricted playing areas ; the boys were confined to playing their ball game within the school cloisters , making it difficult for them to adopt rough and tumble running games .","Rugby"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2388992987291148940","input":"where does the earths wind power come from","passages":[{"title":"Wind turbine","text":"Energy harnessed by wind turbines is intermittent , and is not a `` dispatchable '' source of power ; its availability is based on whether the wind is blowing , not whether electricity is needed . Turbines can be placed on ridges or bluffs to maximize the access of wind they have , but this also limits the locations where they can be placed . In this way , wind energy is not a particularly reliable source of energy . However , it can form part of the energy mix , which also includes power from other sources . Notably , the relative available output from wind and solar sources is often inversely proportional ( balancing ) . Technology is also being developed to store excess energy , which can then make up for any deficits in supplies .","sentences":["Energy harnessed by wind turbines is intermittent , and is not a `` dispatchable '' source of power ; its availability is based on whether the wind is blowing , not whether electricity is needed .","Turbines can be placed on ridges or bluffs to maximize the access of wind they have , but this also limits the locations where they can be placed .","In this way , wind energy is not a particularly reliable source of energy .","However , it can form part of the energy mix , which also includes power from other sources .","Notably , the relative available output from wind and solar sources is often inversely proportional ( balancing ) .","Technology is also being developed to store excess energy , which can then make up for any deficits in supplies ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3471223441048168009","input":"where are digestive enzymes produced within the digestive system","passages":[{"title":"Digestive enzyme","text":"Erepsin : converts peptones and polypeptides into amino acids . Maltase : converts maltose into glucose . Lactase : This is a significant enzyme that converts lactose into glucose and galactose . A majority of Middle - Eastern and Asian populations lack this enzyme . This enzyme also decreases with age . As such lactose intolerance is often a common abdominal complaint in the Middle - Eastern , Asian , and older populations , manifesting with bloating , abdominal pain , and osmotic diarrhea . Sucrase : converts sucrose into glucose and fructose . Other disaccharidases","sentences":["Erepsin : converts peptones and polypeptides into amino acids .","Maltase : converts maltose into glucose .","Lactase :","This is a significant enzyme that converts lactose into glucose and galactose .","A majority of Middle - Eastern and Asian populations lack this enzyme .","This enzyme also decreases with age .","As such lactose intolerance is often a common abdominal complaint in the Middle - Eastern , Asian , and older populations , manifesting with bloating , abdominal pain , and osmotic diarrhea .","Sucrase : converts sucrose into glucose and fructose .","Other disaccharidases"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4114138681283304389","input":"what happened at the battle of long tan","passages":[{"title":"Battle of Long Tan","text":"Meanwhile , after departing D Company 's position , the two sections from 12 Platoon moved south towards the sound of firing heard approximately 400 metres ( 440 yd ) away . Unaware of the exact position of 11 Platoon , Sabben instead located the rubber tapper 's hut ( previously assaulted by Sharp in the opening phases of the battle ) . As they advanced , they were forced to fight off an attack on their right flank , before eventually pushing forward another 100 metres ( 110 yd ) . By this time , the VC had succeeded in pushing behind 11 Platoon in an effort to outflank them , and a large force clashed with 12 Platoon as they attempted to come to their aid . Advancing from the north , two VC platoons then assaulted the Australians , who were now heavily engaged from three directions . Meeting a similar fate to 10 Platoon , Sabben 's men were forced to ground 150 metres ( 160 yd ) short of their objective , and were themselves in danger of being encircled . Sustaining increasing casualties , they clashed with several groups of VC trying to move around their western flank to get between 11 and 12 Platoon and form a cut - off force prior to mounting a frontal assault . In so doing , 12 Platoon succeeded in opening a path to 11 Platoon , yet after 45 minutes under fire Sabben was unable to advance any further , and with the rain reducing visibility to just 70 metres ( 77 yd ) he was unsure of Buick 's location .","sentences":["Meanwhile , after departing D Company 's position , the two sections from 12 Platoon moved south towards the sound of firing heard approximately 400 metres ( 440 yd ) away .","Unaware of the exact position of 11 Platoon , Sabben instead located the rubber tapper 's hut ( previously assaulted by Sharp in the opening phases of the battle ) .","As they advanced , they were forced to fight off an attack on their right flank , before eventually pushing forward another 100 metres ( 110 yd ) .","By this time , the VC had succeeded in pushing behind 11 Platoon in an effort to outflank them , and a large force clashed with 12 Platoon as they attempted to come to their aid .","Advancing from the north , two VC platoons then assaulted the Australians , who were now heavily engaged from three directions .","Meeting a similar fate to 10 Platoon , Sabben 's men were forced to ground 150 metres ( 160 yd ) short of their objective , and were themselves in danger of being encircled .","Sustaining increasing casualties , they clashed with several groups of VC trying to move around their western flank to get between 11 and 12 Platoon and form a cut - off force prior to mounting a frontal assault .","In so doing , 12 Platoon succeeded in opening a path to 11 Platoon , yet after 45 minutes under fire Sabben was unable to advance any further , and with the rain reducing visibility to just 70 metres ( 77 yd ) he was unsure of Buick 's location ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4958223010322683579","input":"what is the effect of full annealing compared to normalizing","passages":[{"title":"Annealing (metallurgy)","text":"The three stages of the annealing process that proceed as the temperature of the material is increased are : recovery , recrystallization , and grain growth . The first stage is recovery , and it results in softening of the metal through removal of primarily linear defects called dislocations and the internal stresses they cause . Recovery occurs at the lower temperature stage of all annealing processes and before the appearance of new strain - free grains . The grain size and shape do not change . The second stage is recrystallization , where new strain - free grains nucleate and grow to replace those deformed by internal stresses . If annealing is allowed to continue once recrystallization has completed , then grain growth ( the third stage ) occurs . In grain growth , the microstructure starts to coarsen and may cause the metal to lose a substantial part of its original strength . This can however be regained with hardening .","sentences":["The three stages of the annealing process that proceed as the temperature of the material is increased are : recovery , recrystallization , and grain growth .","The first stage is recovery , and it results in softening of the metal through removal of primarily linear defects called dislocations and the internal stresses they cause .","Recovery occurs at the lower temperature stage of all annealing processes and before the appearance of new strain - free grains .","The grain size and shape do not change .","The second stage is recrystallization , where new strain - free grains nucleate and grow to replace those deformed by internal stresses .","If annealing is allowed to continue once recrystallization has completed , then grain growth ( the third stage ) occurs .","In grain growth , the microstructure starts to coarsen and may cause the metal to lose a substantial part of its original strength .","This can however be regained with hardening ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2770938367892000667","input":"who plays peter egan's girlfriend in unforgotten 2018","passages":[{"title":"Unforgotten","text":"After barely surviving the attack , Pete dies , putting Cassie 's career in jeopardy . Tim tells the police that prior to the attack , Pete told him that on New Year 's Eve 2000 , he saw Eliot sneaking into the house after 2 a.m. Fran believes that Hayley 's diary uses codewords to describe drug use and sex , and that she was looking to buy drugs for a New Year 's Eve party . Chris states that despite his arrest , he was not the one who visited child porn websites , and investigators were able to prove his credit card info was stolen , leading to all charges being dropped , but his life destroyed . Jamie 's former car matches the one seen driving erratically , and Melissa claims that her husband had told her he hit a deer that weekend . Jamie tells police he believed his son had accidentally killed Hayley while driving drunk , her body fallen into the river and washed out to sea . After Pete 's death , Sandra is arrested for inciting the vigilantism that ultimately killed him . Police arrest Tim after discovering he was pulled over for speeding outside Middenham on 3 January 2000 -- the day after he 'd returned to London","sentences":["After barely surviving the attack , Pete dies , putting Cassie 's career in jeopardy .","Tim tells the police that prior to the attack , Pete told him that on New Year 's Eve 2000 , he saw Eliot sneaking into the house after 2 a.m.","Fran believes that Hayley 's diary uses codewords to describe drug use and sex , and that she was looking to buy drugs for a New Year 's Eve party .","Chris states that despite his arrest , he was not the one who visited child porn websites , and investigators were able to prove his credit card info was stolen , leading to all charges being dropped , but his life destroyed .","Jamie 's former car matches the one seen driving erratically , and Melissa claims that her husband had told her he hit a deer that weekend .","Jamie tells police he believed his son had accidentally killed Hayley while driving drunk , her body fallen into the river and washed out to sea .","After Pete 's death , Sandra is arrested for inciting the vigilantism that ultimately killed him .","Police arrest Tim after discovering he was pulled over for speeding outside Middenham on 3 January 2000 -- the day after he 'd returned to London"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-354580090496587673","input":"where is bath and body works lotion manufactured","passages":[{"title":"Bath & Body Works","text":"The body care segment has multiple collections within it . These collections include Signature collection , Retired fragrances , C.O. Bigelow , Aromatherapy and Travel Body Care . The Signature collection includes shower gels , body lotions , body creams , fragrance mists and body scrubs , with items that are tailored to both men and women . This collection includes the fragrance sugar plum dream and vanilla bean , which are Bath and Body Works ' best seller . It also includes a fragrance titled A Thousand Wishes , which won a consumer 's choice award in 2015 . C.O. Bigelow has products for both men and women . Majority of these products also provide a luxury feel . Products include , shave foam and cream , mentha body ( body buffer , body wash , body lotion , bar soap and lip care ) , C.O. Bigelow lemon and C.O. Bigelow Barber .","sentences":["The body care segment has multiple collections within it .","These collections include Signature collection , Retired fragrances , C.O. Bigelow , Aromatherapy and Travel Body Care .","The Signature collection includes shower gels , body lotions , body creams , fragrance mists and body scrubs , with items that are tailored to both men and women .","This collection includes the fragrance sugar plum dream and vanilla bean , which are Bath and Body Works ' best seller .","It also includes a fragrance titled A Thousand Wishes , which won a consumer 's choice award in 2015 .","C.O. Bigelow has products for both men and women .","Majority of these products also provide a luxury feel .","Products include , shave foam and cream , mentha body ( body buffer , body wash , body lotion , bar soap and lip care ) , C.O. Bigelow lemon and C.O. Bigelow Barber ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3880248322068531586","input":"boston african american national historic site boston ma","passages":[{"title":"Boston African American National Historic Site","text":"Coordinates 42 \u00b0 21 \u2032 36 '' N 71 \u00b0 03 \u2032 53 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.36000 \u00b0 N 71.06472 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 42.36000 ; - 71.06472 Coordinates : 42 \u00b0 21 \u2032 36 '' N 71 \u00b0 03 \u2032 53 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.36000 \u00b0 N 71.06472 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 42.36000 ; - 71.06472","sentences":["Coordinates 42 \u00b0 21 \u2032 36 ''","N 71 \u00b0 03 \u2032 53 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.36000 \u00b0 N 71.06472 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 42.36000 ; - 71.06472 Coordinates : 42 \u00b0 21 \u2032 36 ''","N 71 \u00b0 03 \u2032 53 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 42.36000 \u00b0 N 71.06472 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 42.36000 ; - 71.06472"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3011070453783733036","input":"who is known for developing the catholic school system in america","passages":[{"title":"History of Catholic education in the United States","text":"In the classrooms , the highest priorities were piety , orthodoxy , and strict discipline . Knowledge of the subject matter was a minor concern , and in the late 19th century few of the teachers in parochial schools had gone beyond the 8th grade themselves . The sisters came from numerous denominations , and there was no effort to provide joint teachers training programs . The bishops were indifferent . Finally around 1911 , led by the Catholic University in Washington , Catholic colleges began summer institutes to train the sisters in pedagogical techniques . Long past World War II , the Catholic schools were noted for inferior conditions compared to the public schools , and fewer well - trained teachers .","sentences":["In the classrooms , the highest priorities were piety , orthodoxy , and strict discipline .","Knowledge of the subject matter was a minor concern , and in the late 19th century few of the teachers in parochial schools had gone beyond the 8th grade themselves .","The sisters came from numerous denominations , and there was no effort to provide joint teachers training programs .","The bishops were indifferent .","Finally around 1911 , led by the Catholic University in Washington , Catholic colleges began summer institutes to train the sisters in pedagogical techniques .","Long past World War II , the Catholic schools were noted for inferior conditions compared to the public schools , and fewer well - trained teachers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2571280334815353182","input":"how much rainfall was there in hurricane katrina","passages":[{"title":"Hurricane Katrina","text":"In accordance with federal law , President George W. Bush directed the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security , Michael Chertoff , to coordinate the Federal response . Chertoff designated Michael D. Brown , head of the Federal Emergency Management Agency , as the Principal Federal Official to lead the deployment and coordination of all federal response resources and forces in the Gulf Coast region . However , the President and Secretary Chertoff initially came under harsh criticism for what some perceived as a lack of planning and coordination . Brown claimed that Governor Blanco resisted their efforts and was unhelpful . Governor Blanco and her staff disputed this . Eight days later , Brown was recalled to Washington and Coast Guard Vice Admiral Thad W. Allen replaced him as chief of hurricane relief operations . Three days after the recall , Michael D. Brown resigned as director of FEMA in spite of having received recent praise from President Bush .","sentences":["In accordance with federal law , President George W. Bush directed the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security , Michael Chertoff , to coordinate the Federal response .","Chertoff designated Michael D. Brown , head of the Federal Emergency Management Agency , as the Principal Federal Official to lead the deployment and coordination of all federal response resources and forces in the Gulf Coast region .","However , the President and Secretary Chertoff initially came under harsh criticism for what some perceived as a lack of planning and coordination .","Brown claimed that Governor Blanco resisted their efforts and was unhelpful .","Governor Blanco and her staff disputed this .","Eight days later , Brown was recalled to Washington and Coast Guard Vice Admiral Thad W. Allen replaced him as chief of hurricane relief operations .","Three days after the recall , Michael D. Brown resigned as director of FEMA in spite of having received recent praise from President Bush ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5256470157360628806","input":"when did they stop putting ash trays in cars","passages":[{"title":"Ashtray","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( August 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) A","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( August 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7744863385166152149","input":"where do the vampires come from in 30 days of night","passages":[{"title":"30 Days of Night","text":"Vampires flock to Barrow , Alaska , where the sun sets for about 30 days , allowing them to feed without the burden of sleep to avoid lethal sunlight . When the vampire elder Vicente learns of this plan , he travels to Barrow to end the feeding , to preserve the secrecy of vampires . Because of the cold , the vampires ' senses are weakened and a few of the town 's residents are able to hide . One such resident is Sheriff Eben Olemaun , who saves the town by injecting vampire blood into his veins . He uses his enhanced strength to fight Vicente , saving the lives of the few remaining townspeople , including his wife Stella . Suffering the same weakness as all vampires , Eben allows himself to die and turns to ash when the sun rises .","sentences":["Vampires flock to Barrow , Alaska , where the sun sets for about 30 days , allowing them to feed without the burden of sleep to avoid lethal sunlight .","When the vampire elder Vicente learns of this plan , he travels to Barrow to end the feeding , to preserve the secrecy of vampires .","Because of the cold , the vampires ' senses are weakened and a few of the town 's residents are able to hide .","One such resident is Sheriff Eben Olemaun , who saves the town by injecting vampire blood into his veins .","He uses his enhanced strength to fight Vicente , saving the lives of the few remaining townspeople , including his wife Stella .","Suffering the same weakness as all vampires , Eben allows himself to die and turns to ash when the sun rises ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5879089185715060593","input":"where did the great depression take place during the 1930's","passages":[{"title":"Great Depression","text":"The Great Depression hit Germany hard . The impact of the Wall Street Crash forced American banks to end the new loans that had been funding the repayments under the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan . The financial crisis escalated out of control and mid-1931 , starting with the collapse of the Credit Anstalt in Vienna in May . This put heavy pressure on Germany , which was already in political turmoil with the rise in violence of Nazi and communist movements , as well as with investor nervousness at harsh government financial policies . Investors withdrew their short - term money from Germany , as confidence spiraled downward . The Reichsbank lost 150 million marks in the first week of June , 540 million in the second , and 150 million in two days , June 19 -- 20 . Collapse was at hand . U.S. President Herbert Hoover called for a moratorium on Payment of war reparations . This angered Paris , which depended on a steady flow of German payments , but it slowed the crisis down and the moratorium , was agreed to in July 1931 . An international conference in London later in July produced no agreements but on August 19 a standstill agreement froze Germany 's foreign liabilities for six months . Germany received emergency funding from private banks in New York as well as the Bank of International Settlements and the Bank of England . The funding only slowed the process . Industrial failures began in Germany , a major bank closed in July and a two - day holiday for all German banks was declared . Business failures became more frequent in July , and spread to Romania and Hungary .","sentences":["The Great Depression hit Germany hard .","The impact of the Wall Street Crash forced American banks to end the new loans that had been funding the repayments under the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan .","The financial crisis escalated out of control and mid-1931 , starting with the collapse of the Credit Anstalt in Vienna in May .","This put heavy pressure on Germany , which was already in political turmoil with the rise in violence of Nazi and communist movements , as well as with investor nervousness at harsh government financial policies .","Investors withdrew their short - term money from Germany , as confidence spiraled downward .","The Reichsbank lost 150 million marks in the first week of June , 540 million in the second , and 150 million in two days , June 19 -- 20 .","Collapse was at hand .","U.S. President Herbert Hoover called for a moratorium on Payment of war reparations .","This angered Paris , which depended on a steady flow of German payments , but it slowed the crisis down and the moratorium , was agreed to in July 1931 .","An international conference in London later in July produced no agreements but on August 19 a standstill agreement froze Germany 's foreign liabilities for six months .","Germany received emergency funding from private banks in New York as well as the Bank of International Settlements and the Bank of England .","The funding only slowed the process .","Industrial failures began in Germany , a major bank closed in July and a two - day holiday for all German banks was declared .","Business failures became more frequent in July , and spread to Romania and Hungary ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4008431041886859637","input":"why doesn t the nfl football have stripes","passages":[{"title":"Football (ball)","text":"Until 1870 , rugby was played with a near spherical ball with an inner - tube made of a pig 's bladder . In 1870 Richard Lindon and Bernardo Solano started making balls for Rugby school out of hand stitched , four - panel , leather casings and pigs ' bladders . The rugby ball 's distinctive shape is supposedly due to the pig 's bladder , although early balls were more plum - shape than oval . The balls varied in size in the beginning depending upon how large the pig 's bladder was . Because of the pliability of rubber the shape gradually changed from a sphere to an egg . In 1892 the RFU endorsed ovalness as the compulsory shape . The gradual flattening of the ball continued over the years . The introduction of synthetic footballs over the traditional leather balls , in both rugby codes , was originally governed by weather conditions . If the playing surface was wet , the synthetic ball was used , because it would n't absorb water and become heavy . Eventually , the leather balls were phased out completely .","sentences":["Until 1870 , rugby was played with a near spherical ball with an inner - tube made of a pig 's bladder .","In 1870 Richard Lindon and Bernardo Solano started making balls for Rugby school out of hand stitched , four - panel , leather casings and pigs ' bladders .","The rugby ball 's distinctive shape is supposedly due to the pig 's bladder , although early balls were more plum - shape than oval .","The balls varied in size in the beginning depending upon how large the pig 's bladder was .","Because of the pliability of rubber the shape gradually changed from a sphere to an egg .","In 1892 the RFU endorsed ovalness as the compulsory shape .","The gradual flattening of the ball continued over the years .","The introduction of synthetic footballs over the traditional leather balls , in both rugby codes , was originally governed by weather conditions .","If the playing surface was wet , the synthetic ball was used , because it would n't absorb water and become heavy .","Eventually , the leather balls were phased out completely ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4303436587383481201","input":"where did sarah come from in the bible","passages":[{"title":"Sarah","text":"After being visited by the three men , Abraham and Sarah settled between Kadesh and Shur in the land of the Philistines . While he was living in Gerar , Abraham again claimed that Sarah was his sister . King Abimelech subsequently had her brought to him . Later , God came to Abimelech in a dream and declared that taking her would result in death because she was a married woman . Abimelech , who had not laid hands on her , inquired if he would also slay a righteous nation , especially since Abraham had claimed that he and Sarah were siblings . In response , God told Abimelech that he did indeed have a blameless heart and that was why he continued to exist . However , if he did not return Sarah to Abraham , God would surely destroy Abimelech and his entire household . Abimelech was informed that Abraham was a prophet who would pray for him .","sentences":["After being visited by the three men , Abraham and Sarah settled between Kadesh and Shur in the land of the Philistines .","While he was living in Gerar , Abraham again claimed that Sarah was his sister .","King Abimelech subsequently had her brought to him .","Later , God came to Abimelech in a dream and declared that taking her would result in death because she was a married woman .","Abimelech , who had not laid hands on her , inquired if he would also slay a righteous nation , especially since Abraham had claimed that he and Sarah were siblings .","In response , God told Abimelech that he did indeed have a blameless heart and that was why he continued to exist .","However , if he did not return Sarah to Abraham , God would surely destroy Abimelech and his entire household .","Abimelech was informed that Abraham was a prophet who would pray for him ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}