Input: who build grand trunk road from sonargaon to indus

Grand Trunk Road

Research indicates that the Grand Trunk road predated even Buddha 's birth and was called Uttara Path , meaning , road to the North . Salman Rashid attributes the Road 's construction to Chandragupta Maurya . During the time of the Maurya Empire in the 3rd century BCE , overland trade between India and several parts of Western Asia and the Hellenistic world went through the cities of the north - west , primarily Takshashila ( in present - day in Pakistan ) . Takshashila was well connected by roads with other parts of the Maurya empire . The Mauryas had maintained this very ancient highway from Takshashila to Pataliputra ( present - day Patna in India ) . Chandragupta Maurya had a whole army of officials overseeing the maintenance of this road as told by the Greek diplomat Megasthenes who spent fifteen years at the Mauryan court . Constructed in eight stages , this road is said to have connected the cities of Purushapura , Takshashila , Hastinapura , Kanyakubja , Prayag , Pataliputra and Tamralipta , a distance of around 2600 kilometers . Travelers

Answer: Salman Rashid attributes the Road 's construction to Chandragupta Maurya . Chandragupta Maurya had a whole army of officials overseeing the maintenance of this road as told by the Greek diplomat Megasthenes who spent fifteen years at the Mauryan court .

Salman Rashid attributes the Road 's construction to Chandragupta Maurya .

Chandragupta Maurya had a whole army of officials overseeing the maintenance of this road as told by the Greek diplomat Megasthenes who spent fifteen years at the Mauryan court .


Input: what do cashews look like on the tree

Cashew

The true fruit of the cashew tree is a kidney or boxing - glove shaped drupe that grows at the end of the cashew apple . The drupe develops first on the tree , and then the pedicel expands to become the cashew apple . Within the true fruit is a single seed , which is often considered a nut , in the culinary sense . The seed is surrounded by a double shell containing an allergenic phenolic resin , anacardic acid , a potent skin irritant chemically related to the better - known allergenic oil urushiol which is also a toxin found in the related poison ivy . Properly roasting cashews destroys the toxin , but it must be done outdoors as the smoke ( not unlike that from burning poison ivy ) contains urushiol droplets which can cause severe , sometimes life - threatening , reactions by irritating the lungs . People who are allergic to cashew ( or poison ivy ) urushiols may cross-react to mango or pistachio which are also in the Anacardiaceae family . Some people are allergic to cashews , but cashews are a less frequent allergen than tree nuts or peanuts .

Answer: The true fruit of the cashew tree is a kidney or boxing - glove shaped drupe that grows at the end of the cashew apple.   The seed is surrounded by a double shell containing an allergenic phenolic resin, anacardic acid.

The true fruit of the cashew tree is a kidney or boxing - glove shaped drupe that grows at the end of the cashew apple .

The seed is surrounded by a double shell containing an allergenic phenolic resin , anacardic acid , a potent skin irritant chemically related to the better - known allergenic oil urushiol which is also a toxin found in the related poison ivy .


Input: where was lord of the rings trilogy filmed

The Lord of the Rings (film series)

Principal photography for all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand 's conservation areas and national parks . Filming took place between 11 October 1999 and 22 December 2000 , a period of 438 days . Pick - up shoots were conducted annually from 2001 to 2003 . The series was shot at over 150 different locations , with seven different units shooting , as well as soundstages around Wellington and Queenstown . Along with Jackson directing the whole production , other unit directors included John Mahaffie , Geoff Murphy , Fran Walsh , Barrie Osbourne , Rick Porras , and any other assistant director , producer , or writer available . Jackson monitored these units with live satellite feeds , and with the added pressure of constant script re-writes and the multiple units interpreting his envisioned result , he only got around four hours of sleep a night . Due to the remoteness of some of the locations , the crew would also bring survival kits in case helicopters could not reach the location to bring them home in time . The New Zealand Department of Conservation was criticised for approving the filming within national parks without adequate consideration of the adverse environmental effects and without public notification . The adverse effects of filming battle scenes in Tongariro National Park meant that the park later required restoration work .

Answer: Principal photography for all three Lord of the Rings films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand's conservation areas and national parks. The series was shot at over 150 different locations, as well as soundstages around Wellington and Queenstown.

Principal photography for all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand 's conservation areas and national parks .

The series was shot at over 150 different locations , with seven different units shooting , as well as soundstages around Wellington and Queenstown .


Input: who killed the writer in iravuku ayiram kangal

Iravukku Aayiram Kangal

Roopala and Vasanth are arrested for the whole conspiracy and Bharath is released and he marries Suseela . It is here that a major twist arrives in the form of writer Vyjayanthi who has been following Maya 's murder closely . She calls Bharath requesting his permission to write a book based on this event and tells that she made few changes in the plot . Bharath is shocked by that and Vyjayanthi narrates the changed plot where , in his desperate desire for Suseela , Ganesh films her also nude and threatens her . When Bharath comes to know of this in addition to Roopala 's video , he decides to confront Ganesh and erase both the videos . Meanwhile , Maya comes to know that Ganesh is after Suseela when he is already seeing Anitha , so she also does her part in threatening Ganesh to split the shares into three instead of two and if he fails to do so , she will tell Anitha about Suseela . When Bharath and Suseela go to Ganesh 's house to erase the videos , Maya tries to attack Bharath , and Suseela ends up killing Maya . They erase the videos and leave the crime scene that day . When Bharath finds that Murugesan had taken the murder weapon by mistake , he gets it from him and plants it in Ganesh 's car and frames him for Maya 's murder . This is Vyjayanthi 's version of the plot but Bharath refuses to agree to it and requests her to find an alternative . Later , it is shown that when Bharath visits Vyjayanthi , he finds that she is also murdered , implying that Vyjayanthi 's version of the story may be true and it is left to the audience as to who is Vyjayanthi 's murderer .

Answer: When Bharath visits writer Vyjayanthi, he finds that she is also murdered, implying that Vyjayanthi's version of the story may be true and it is left to the audience as to who is Vyjayanthi's murderer.

It is here that a major twist arrives in the form of writer Vyjayanthi who has been following Maya 's murder closely .

Later , it is shown that when Bharath visits Vyjayanthi , he finds that she is also murdered , implying that Vyjayanthi 's version of the story may be true and it is left to the audience as to who is Vyjayanthi 's murderer .


Input: the skin of our teeth act 1 summary

The Skin of Our Teeth

Act one is an amalgam of early 20th century New Jersey and the dawn of the Ice Age . The father is inventing things such as the lever , the wheel , the alphabet , and multiplication tables . The family ( the Antrobuses ) and the entire north - eastern U.S. face extinction by a wall of ice moving southward from Canada . The story is introduced by a narrator and further expanded by the family maid , Sabina . There are unsettling parallels between the members of the Antrobus family and various characters from the Bible . In addition , time is compressed and scrambled to such an extent that the refugees who arrive at the Antrobus house seeking food and fire include the Old Testament prophet Moses , the ancient Greek poet Homer , and women who are identified as Muses .

Answer: Act one is an amalgam of early 20th century New Jersey and the dawn of the Ice Age. The family (the Antrobuses) and the entire north-eastern U.S. face extinction. There are unsettling parallels between the members of the Antrobus family and various characters from the Bible. Refugees who arrive at the Antrobus house seeking food and fire include the Old Testament prophet Moses, the ancient Greek poet Homer, and women who are identified as Muses.

Act one is an amalgam of early 20th century New Jersey and the dawn of the Ice Age .

The family ( the Antrobuses ) and the entire north - eastern U.S. face extinction by a wall of ice moving southward from Canada .

There are unsettling parallels between the members of the Antrobus family and various characters from the Bible .

Answer: Act one is an amalgam of early 20th century New Jersey and the dawn of the Ice Age . The father is inventing things such as the lever , the wheel , the alphabet , and multiplication tables . The family ( the Antrobuses ) and the entire north - eastern U.S. face extinction by a wall of ice moving southward from Canada . There are unsettling parallels between the members of the Antrobus family and various characters from the Bible . In addition , time is compressed and scrambled to such an extent that the refugees who arrive at the Antrobus house seeking food and fire include the Old Testament prophet Moses , the ancient Greek poet Homer , and women who are identified as Muses .

Act one is an amalgam of early 20th century New Jersey and the dawn of the Ice Age .

The father is inventing things such as the lever , the wheel , the alphabet , and multiplication tables .

The family ( the Antrobuses ) and the entire north - eastern U.S. face extinction by a wall of ice moving southward from Canada .

There are unsettling parallels between the members of the Antrobus family and various characters from the Bible .

In addition , time is compressed and scrambled to such an extent that the refugees who arrive at the Antrobus house seeking food and fire include the Old Testament prophet Moses , the ancient Greek poet Homer , and women who are identified as Muses .


Input: where does the last name glass come from

Glass (surname)

Glass or Glaß is a surname with two main sources . First , it is a Jewish surname , adopted by some Eastern European Ashkenazi in the nineteenth century . After being forced by the authorities to take on a surname , Jews in this area typically chose names referring to places , animals , occupations or signifying personal traits . The name Glass referred to Glass - making , Glazing and the Glass trade . Second , it is a Scottish surname from the Gaelic word glas , meaning grey - and was originally used as a nickname for someone with grey hair .

Answer: Glass or Glaß is a surname with two main sources. First, it is a Jewish surname, adopted by some Eastern European Ashkenazi in the nineteenth century.  Second, it is a Scottish surname from the Gaelic word glas, meaning grey - and was originally used as a nickname for someone with grey hair.

Glass or Glaß is a surname with two main sources .

First , it is a Jewish surname , adopted by some Eastern European Ashkenazi in the nineteenth century .

Second , it is a Scottish surname from the Gaelic word glas , meaning grey - and was originally used as a nickname for someone with grey hair .

Answer: Glass is a surname with two main sources. First , it is a Jewish surname , adopted by some Eastern European Ashkenazi in the nineteenth century. It referred to Glass - making , Glazing and the Glass trade. Second , it is a Scottish surname from the Gaelic word glas , meaning grey - and was originally used as a nickname for someone with grey hair .

Glass or Glaß is a surname with two main sources .

First , it is a Jewish surname , adopted by some Eastern European Ashkenazi in the nineteenth century .

The name Glass referred to Glass - making , Glazing and the Glass trade .

Second , it is a Scottish surname from the Gaelic word glas , meaning grey - and was originally used as a nickname for someone with grey hair .


Input: where did hip hop originate and who were the founders

Hip hop

The South Bronx hip hop scene emerged in the 1960s and 1970s from neighborhood block parties thrown by the Ghetto Brothers , a Puerto Rican group that has been described as being a gang , a club , and a music group . Members of the scene plugged in the amplifiers for their instruments and PA speakers into the lampposts on 163rd Street and Prospect Avenue and used their live music events to break down racial barriers between African - Americans , Puerto Ricans , Whites and other ethnic groups . Jamaican immigrant DJ Kool Herc also played a key role in developing hip hop music . At 1520 Sedgwick Avenue , Herc mixed samples of existing records and deejayed percussion `` breaks '' , mixing this music with his own Jamaican - style `` toasting '' ( a style of chanting and boastful talking over a microphone ) to rev up the crowd and dancers . Kool Herc is credited as the `` father '' of hip hop for developing the key DJ techniques that , along with rapping , founded the hip hop music style by creating rhythmic beats by looping `` breaks '' ( small portions of songs emphasizing a percussive pattern ) on two turntables . This was later accompanied by `` rapping '' or `` MCing '' and beatboxing . An original form of dancing called breakdancing , which later became accompanied by popping , locking and other dance moves , which was done to the accompaniment of hip hop songs played on boom boxes and particular fashion styles also developed .

Answer:
The South Bronx hip hop scene emerged in the 1960s and 1970s from neighborhood block parties thrown by the Ghetto Brothers, a Puerto Rican group that has been described as being a gang, a club, and a music group .
Kool Herc is credited as the `` father '' of hip hop for developing the key DJ techniques that, along with rapping, founded the hip hop music style by creating rhythmic beats by looping `` breaks '' (small portions of songs emphasizing a percussive pattern) on two turntables.

The South Bronx hip hop scene emerged in the 1960s and 1970s from neighborhood block parties thrown by the Ghetto Brothers , a Puerto Rican group that has been described as being a gang , a club , and a music group .

Kool Herc is credited as the `` father '' of hip hop for developing the key DJ techniques that , along with rapping , founded the hip hop music style by creating rhythmic beats by looping `` breaks '' ( small portions of songs emphasizing a percussive pattern ) on two turntables .


Input: what's the difference between resident evil 7 and gold edition

Resident Evil 7: Biohazard

Purchase of a GameStop - exclusive Collector 's Edition included an eight - inch model of the Baker mansion , which when opened functions as a music box playing the main theme rendition of `` Go Tell Aunt Rhody '' , a mannequin finger - shaped 4 GB USB flash drive contained within a VHS tape box , a SteelBook Case containing the game , a lithograph of the Baker family , and a note . The UK version added the Survival Pack : Action Set DLC , a 20th anniversary artbook and a seven - inch replica of the mansion , but did not feature the music box . U.S. pre-orders on the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One came with a code for a free digital download of Resident Evil : Retribution . A 4D candle with the scent of the Baker House Mansion was made to enhance the virtual reality experience . The Gold Edition , to be released on December 12 , 2017 , will include previously released downloadable content ( DLC ) as well as the upcoming End of Zoe DLC .

Answer: U.S. pre-orders on the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One came with a code for a free digital download of Resident Evil : Retribution. The Gold Edition will include previously released downloadable content (DLC) as well as the upcoming End of Zoe DLC.

U.S. pre-orders on the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One came with a code for a free digital download of Resident Evil : Retribution .

The Gold Edition , to be released on December 12 , 2017 , will include previously released downloadable content ( DLC ) as well as the upcoming End of Zoe DLC .


Input: why is the neolithic agricultural revolution considered to be a turning point in history

Neolithic Revolution

The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported a denser population , which in turn supported larger sedentary communities , the accumulation of goods and tools , and specialization in diverse forms of new labor . The development of larger societies led to the development of different means of decision making and to governmental organization . Food surpluses made possible the development of a social elite who were not otherwise engaged in agriculture , industry or commerce , but dominated their communities by other means and monopolized decision - making . Jared Diamond ( in The World Until Yesterday ) identifies the availability of milk and / or cereal grains as permitting mothers to raise both an older ( e.g. 3 or 4 year old ) child and a younger child concurrently , whereas this was not possible previously . The result is that a population can significantly more - rapidly increase its size than would otherwise be the case , resources permitting .

Answer: The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported a denser population , which in turn supported larger sedentary communities , the accumulation of goods and tools , and specialization in diverse forms of new labor . The development of larger societies led to the development of different means of decision making and to governmental organization . Food surpluses made possible the development of a social elite who were not otherwise engaged in agriculture , industry or commerce , but dominated their communities by other means and monopolized decision - making . The result is that a population can significantly more - rapidly increase its size than would otherwise be the case , resources permitting .

The traditional view is that agricultural food production supported a denser population , which in turn supported larger sedentary communities , the accumulation of goods and tools , and specialization in diverse forms of new labor .

The development of larger societies led to the development of different means of decision making and to governmental organization .

Food surpluses made possible the development of a social elite who were not otherwise engaged in agriculture , industry or commerce , but dominated their communities by other means and monopolized decision - making .

The result is that a population can significantly more - rapidly increase its size than would otherwise be the case , resources permitting .


Input: a boy's best friend by isaac asimov explanation

A Boy's Best Friend

This story is set far in the future when habitation of the Moon has already taken place . Jimmy Anderson is a Moon - born ten - year - old , and he owns a robotic dog named Robutt , whom he comes to love . He can go on the moon freely and securely as he is moon born and has Robutt with him . However , his parents want him to have a real dog , a Scottish Terrier . Since Moon - borns can not visit Earth , his parents bring the dog to the Moon . Jimmy does n't want to part away from Robutt . But since the relationship between Jimmy and Robutt is so close , Jimmy decides not to have the ' living ' dog and keep the ' fake ' dog Robutt instead .

Answer: Jimmy Anderson is a Moon-born ten-year-old , and he owns a robotic dog named Robutt, whom he comes to love. Since the relationship between Jimmy and Robutt is so close, Jimmy decides not to have the ' living ' dog and keep the ' fake ' dog Robutt instead.

Jimmy Anderson is a Moon - born ten - year - old , and he owns a robotic dog named Robutt , whom he comes to love .

But since the relationship between Jimmy and Robutt is so close , Jimmy decides not to have the ' living ' dog and keep the ' fake ' dog Robutt instead .


Input: what is the range of the tsar bomba

Tsar Bomba

All buildings in the village of Severny ( both wooden and brick ) , located 55 km ( 34 mi ) from ground zero within the Sukhoy Nos test range , were destroyed . In districts hundreds of kilometers from ground zero wooden houses were destroyed , stone ones lost their roofs , windows , doors , and radio communications were interrupted for almost one hour . One participant in the test saw a bright flash through dark goggles and felt the effects of a thermal pulse even at a distance of 270 kilometres ( 170 mi ) . The heat from the explosion could have caused third - degree burns 100 km ( 62 mi ) away from ground zero . A shock wave was observed in the air at Dikson settlement 700 km ( 430 mi ) away ; windowpanes were partially broken to distances of 900 kilometres ( 560 mi ) . Atmospheric focusing caused blast damage at even greater distances , breaking windows in Norway and Finland . Despite being detonated 4.2 km above ground , its seismic body wave magnitude was estimated at 5 -- 5.25 . Sensors continued to identify the shockwaves after their third trip around the world .

Answer: A shock wave was observed in the air at Dikson settlement 700 km (430 mi) away; windowpanes were partially broken to distances of 900 kilometers (560 mi). Sensors continued to identify the shockwaves after their third trip around the world.

A shock wave was observed in the air at Dikson settlement 700 km ( 430 mi ) away ; windowpanes were partially broken to distances of 900 kilometres ( 560 mi ) .

Sensors continued to identify the shockwaves after their third trip around the world .


Input: where did the term mom and dad come from

Mama and papa

The basic kinship terms mama and papa are a special case of false cognates . The cross-linguistic similarities between these terms are thought to result from the nature of language acquisition . These words are the first word - like sounds made by babbling babies ( babble words ) , and parents tend to associate the first sound babies make with themselves and to employ them subsequently as part of their baby - talk lexicon . Thus , there is no need to ascribe to common ancestry the similarities of ! Kung ba , Aramaic abba , Mandarin Chinese bàba , Persian baba , and French papa ( all `` father '' ) ; or Navajo amá , Mandarin Chinese māma , Swahili mama , Quechua mama , Polish mama , Romanian mama and English `` mama '' ( all `` mother '' ) . However , some scientists believe that ' ma ' and ' pa ' were among the first words that humans spoke .

Answer: Mama and papa are the first word like sounds made by babbling babies, and parents tend to associate the first sound babies make with themselves and to employ them subsequently as part of their baby - talk lexicon. Some scientists believe that 'ma' and 'pa' were among the first words that humans spoke.

These words are the first word - like sounds made by babbling babies ( babble words ) , and parents tend to associate the first sound babies make with themselves and to employ them subsequently as part of their baby - talk lexicon .

However , some scientists believe that ' ma ' and ' pa ' were among the first words that humans spoke .


Input: what are the standing committees options when considering a bill

Standing committee (United States Congress)

Most standing committees recommend funding levels -- authorizations -- for government operations and for new and existing programs . A few have other functions . For example , the Appropriations Committees recommend legislation to provide budget authority for federal agencies and programs . The Budget Committees establish aggregate levels for total spending and revenue that serve as guidelines for the work of the authorizing and appropriating panels . Committees also provide oversight of federal agencies and programs .

Answer: Most standing committees recommend funding levels, for example, the Appropriations Committees recommend legislation to provide budget authority for federal agencies and programs and the Budget Committees establish aggregate levels for total spending and revenue that serve as guidelines for the work of the authorizing and appropriating panels.

Most standing committees recommend funding levels -- authorizations -- for government operations and for new and existing programs .

For example , the Appropriations Committees recommend legislation to provide budget authority for federal agencies and programs .

The Budget Committees establish aggregate levels for total spending and revenue that serve as guidelines for the work of the authorizing and appropriating panels .

Answer: The Appropriations Committees recommend legislation to provide budget authority for federal agencies and programs . The Budget Committees establish aggregate levels for total spending and revenue that serve as guidelines for the work of the authorizing and appropriating panels .

For example , the Appropriations Committees recommend legislation to provide budget authority for federal agencies and programs .

The Budget Committees establish aggregate levels for total spending and revenue that serve as guidelines for the work of the authorizing and appropriating panels .


Input: what is the function of the peroxisome in a eukaryotic cell

Peroxisome

A peroxisome IPA : ( pɛɜˈɹɒksɪˌsoʊmz ) is a type of organelle known as a microbody , found in virtually all eukaryotic cells . They are involved in catabolism of very long chain fatty acids , branched chain fatty acids , D - amino acids , and polyamines , reduction of reactive oxygen species -- specifically hydrogen peroxide -- and biosynthesis of plasmalogens , i.e. , ether phospholipids critical for the normal function of mammalian brains and lungs . They also contain approximately 10 % of the total activity of two enzymes in the pentose phosphate pathway , which is important for energy metabolism . It is vigorously debated whether peroxisomes are involved in isoprenoid and cholesterol synthesis in animals . Other known peroxisomal functions include the glyoxylate cycle in germinating seeds ( `` glyoxysomes '' ) , photorespiration in leaves , glycolysis in trypanosomes ( `` glycosomes '' ) , and methanol and / or amine oxidation and assimilation in some yeasts .

Answer:
They are involved in catabolism of very long chain fatty acids, branched chain fatty acids, D - amino acids, and polyamines, reduction of reactive oxygen species -- specifically hydrogen peroxide -- and biosynthesis of plasmalogens, i.e., ether phospholipids critical for the normal function of mammalian brains and lungs.  It is vigorously debated whether peroxisomes are involved in isoprenoid and cholesterol synthesis in animals.
 Other known peroxisomal functions include the glyoxylate cycle in germinating seeds, photorespiration in leaves, glycolysis in trypanosomes, and methanol and / or amine oxidation and assimilation in some yeasts.

A peroxisome IPA : ( pɛɜˈɹɒksɪˌsoʊmz ) is a type of organelle known as a microbody , found in virtually all eukaryotic cells .

They are involved in catabolism of very long chain fatty acids , branched chain fatty acids , D - amino acids , and polyamines , reduction of reactive oxygen species -- specifically hydrogen peroxide -- and biosynthesis of plasmalogens , i.e. , ether phospholipids critical for the normal function of mammalian brains and lungs .

It is vigorously debated whether peroxisomes are involved in isoprenoid and cholesterol synthesis in animals .

Other known peroxisomal functions include the glyoxylate cycle in germinating seeds ( `` glyoxysomes '' ) , photorespiration in leaves , glycolysis in trypanosomes ( `` glycosomes '' ) , and methanol and / or amine oxidation and assimilation in some yeasts .


Input: where did baker mayfield play college football before oklahoma

Baker Mayfield

Baker Reagan Mayfield ( born April 14 , 1995 ) is an American football quarterback for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League ( NFL ) . Mayfield began his college football career as a walk - on player for the Texas Tech Red Raiders . He is notable for being the first walk - on true freshman quarterback to start a season opener at a BCS school . Mayfield transferred from Texas Tech to Oklahoma following alleged scholarship issues and a lack of communication with coaches . After sitting out the 2014 season due to NCAA transfer rules , Mayfield won the starting quarterback job in 2015 . Mayfield won several awards for his performance as a senior in 2017 , including the Heisman Trophy , Maxwell Award , Walter Camp Award , and unanimous All - America recognition . He was drafted by the Browns first overall in the 2018 NFL Draft . In his first NFL appearance , Mayfield led Cleveland to their first win in 19 games , ending a 635 day winless streak .

Answer: Baker Mayfield began his college football career as a walk - on player for the Texas Tech Red Raiders, and then he transferred from Texas Tech to Oklahoma.

Mayfield began his college football career as a walk - on player for the Texas Tech Red Raiders .

Mayfield transferred from Texas Tech to Oklahoma following alleged scholarship issues and a lack of communication with coaches .


Input: where do you get carbon monoxide poisoning from

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Carbon monoxide poisoning can occur accidentally or as an attempt to end one 's life . CO is a colorless and odorless gas which is initially non-irritating . It is produced during incomplete burning of organic matter . This can occur from motor vehicles , heaters , or cooking equipment that run on carbon - based fuels . It can also occur from exposure to methylene chloride . Carbon monoxide primarily causes adverse effects by combining with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin ( HbCO ) preventing the blood from carrying oxygen . Additionally , myoglobin and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase are affected . Diagnosis is based on a HbCO level of more than 3 % among nonsmokers and more than 10 % among smokers .

Answer: CO is a colorless and odorless gas which is initially non-irritating. It is produced during incomplete burning of organic matter. This can occur from motor vehicles, heaters, or cooking equipment that run on carbon based fuels. Carbon monoxide primarily causes adverse effects by combining with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) preventing the blood from carrying oxygen.

CO is a colorless and odorless gas which is initially non-irritating .

It is produced during incomplete burning of organic matter .

This can occur from motor vehicles , heaters , or cooking equipment that run on carbon - based fuels .

Carbon monoxide primarily causes adverse effects by combining with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin ( HbCO ) preventing the blood from carrying oxygen .


Input: who is the song everything has changed about

Everything Has Changed

It was reported that English singer - songwriter Ed Sheeran would appear as a guest artist on American recording artist Taylor Swift 's then - upcoming album Red . On October 18 , 2012 , `` Everything Has Changed '' by Swift featuring Sheeran was leaked online . The song was written by Swift and Sheeran in Swift 's backyard . `` Everything Has Changed '' is a guitar ballad , blending folk - pop genres . Written in the key of G - flat major , it has a moderate tempo of 84 beats per minute . The duo 's vocal range spans from G ♭ to D ♭ . Lyrically , the track talks about `` wanting to get to know a new lover better '' . Swift further explained the song 's theme , `` Everything looks different to you because of this one person , because one new person came into your life . It 's really cool '' .

Answer: The song was written by Swift and Sheeran in Swift's backyard, lyrically, the track talks about ``wanting to get to know a new lover better''. Swift further explained the song's theme, ``Everything looks different to you because of this one person, because one new person came into your life."

The song was written by Swift and Sheeran in Swift 's backyard .

Lyrically , the track talks about `` wanting to get to know a new lover better '' .

Swift further explained the song 's theme , `` Everything looks different to you because of this one person , because one new person came into your life .

Answer: Lyrically , the track talks about `` wanting to get to know a new lover better '' . Swift further explained the song 's theme , `` Everything looks different to you because of this one person , because one new person came into your life .

Lyrically , the track talks about `` wanting to get to know a new lover better '' .

Swift further explained the song 's theme , `` Everything looks different to you because of this one person , because one new person came into your life .


Input: where was me and earl and the dying girl filmed

Me and Earl and the Dying Girl (film)

The film was shot over a four - week period for an estimated budget of under $5 million . Principal photography began on June 13 , 2014 , in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania ; they started filming high school scenes on June 16 . Cinematographer Chung - hoon Chung shot the film digitally using Arri Alexa cameras with prime and anamorphic lenses in a widescreen 2.35 : 1 aspect ratio . A Pittsburgh native , writer Jesse Andrews ' family home in Point Breeze was used as Greg 's house in the film . Rachel 's house was located in Squirrel Hill , and Earl 's house was in Braddock . Other locations included Schenley High School ( closed since 2008 ) , The Andy Warhol Museum , Copacetic Comics in Polish Hill , and a street corner in West Oakland , which served as an ice cream shop . The Criterion Collection lent its library of classic films for use in the book - and - DVD store in the film .

Answer: Me and Earl and the Dying Girl was filmed in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania; in Point Breeze; Schenley High School ( closed since 2008 ) , The Andy Warhol Museum , Copacetic Comics in Polish Hill , and a street corner in West Oakland.

Principal photography began on June 13 , 2014 , in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania ; they started filming high school scenes on June 16 .

A Pittsburgh native , writer Jesse Andrews ' family home in Point Breeze was used as Greg 's house in the film .

Other locations included Schenley High School ( closed since 2008 ) , The Andy Warhol Museum , Copacetic Comics in Polish Hill , and a street corner in West Oakland , which served as an ice cream shop .


Input: how and why did the united states escalate its role in the vietnam war

Role of the United States in the Vietnam War

The role of the United States in the Vietnam War began after World War II and escalated into full commitment during the Vietnam War from 1955 to 1975 . The U.S. involvement in South Vietnam stemmed from 20 long years of political and economic action . These had the common incentive of ending the growing communist domination in Vietnam . At the time , French forces , allies of the U.S. , were backed by America -- President Harry S. Truman provided progressively increasing amounts of financial and military assistance to French forces fighting in Vietnam . From the spring of 1950 , their involvement increased from just assisting French troops to providing direct military assistance to the associated states ( Vietnam , Laos , Cambodia ) . Eventually , U.S. missions were carried out at a more constant rate by sending out increasing number of military assistance from the United States . Their main intent was to restrict the Communist domination that was present in the government of Vietnam as it would soon lead to a chain of neighbouring countries adopting the same . This would have resulted in a change in balance of power throughout Southeast Asia . The U.S. foreign policy establishment saw national security interests being disturbed due to the rise of this communist expansion and strived to take any measure to end it . Their actions came to be questioned by other segments of government and society , however , including the US congress. .

Answer:
Their main intent was to restrict the Communist domination that was present in the government of Vietnam as it would soon lead to a chain of neighbouring countries adopting the same .
The U.S. foreign policy establishment saw national security interests being disturbed due to the rise of this communist expansion and strived to take any measure to end it.

Their main intent was to restrict the Communist domination that was present in the government of Vietnam as it would soon lead to a chain of neighbouring countries adopting the same .

The U.S. foreign policy establishment saw national security interests being disturbed due to the rise of this communist expansion and strived to take any measure to end it .

Answer: Eventually , U.S. missions were carried out at a more constant rate by sending out increasing number of military assistance from the United States . Their main intent was to restrict the Communist domination that was present in the government of Vietnam as it would soon lead to a chain of neighbouring countries adopting the same . The U.S. foreign policy establishment saw national security interests being disturbed due to the rise of this communist expansion and strived to take any measure to end it.

Eventually , U.S. missions were carried out at a more constant rate by sending out increasing number of military assistance from the United States .

Their main intent was to restrict the Communist domination that was present in the government of Vietnam as it would soon lead to a chain of neighbouring countries adopting the same .

The U.S. foreign policy establishment saw national security interests being disturbed due to the rise of this communist expansion and strived to take any measure to end it .


Input: what is the story behind supreme leader snoke

Supreme Leader Snoke

Supreme Leader Snoke is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise . He is a CGI character voiced and performed by Andy Serkis . Introduced in the 2015 film Star Wars : The Force Awakens , Snoke is the Supreme Leader of the First Order , a military junta resurrected from the fallen Galactic Empire , which seeks to reclaim control of the galaxy . Powerful with the Force , he seduces Ben Solo to the dark side by telling him that he can be the next Darth Vader , and Solo serves him as the commander Kylo Ren . In Star Wars : The Last Jedi ( 2017 ) , Ren assassinates Snoke , replacing him as Supreme Leader .

Answer: Supreme Leader Snoke is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise. Powerful with the Force, he seduces Ben Solo to the dark side by telling him that he can be the next Darth Vader. In Star Wars: The Last Jedi, Ren assassinates Snoke, replacing him as Supreme Leader.

Supreme Leader Snoke is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise .

Powerful with the Force , he seduces Ben Solo to the dark side by telling him that he can be the next Darth Vader , and Solo serves him as the commander Kylo Ren .

In Star Wars : The Last Jedi ( 2017 ) , Ren assassinates Snoke , replacing him as Supreme Leader .


Input: what do the colors on the puerto rican flag mean

Flag of Puerto Rico

In 1952 , Governor Luis Muñoz Marín and his administration adopted the Puerto Rican flag which was originally designed in 1892 , and proclaimed it the official flag of Puerto Rico . The official adaptation of the flag has been interpreted by some as a ploy by Muñoz Marin to neutralize the independence movement in his own party . There were some differences between the original flag of 1892 and the one of 1952 and the meaning of the colors was officially changed . Now the white bars stood for the republican form of government , rather than representing the victory and peace that Puerto Ricans were supposed to have after gaining independence . The sky - blue of the triangle in the original flag was changed to dark blue , resembling that of the flag of the United States , to keep it distanced from its revolutionary roots . For nationalist leader Pedro Albizu Campos , having the flag represent the government was a desecration , while the independence party accused the government of `` corrupting beloved symbols '' . In 1995 , the government of Puerto Rico began to use the sky - blue version once more . The government of Puerto Rico issued a regulation in regard to the use of the Puerto Rican flag titled : `` Reglamento sobre el Uso en Puerto Rico de la Bandera del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico ; Reglamento Núm. 5282 . '' ( Regulations in regard to the use in Puerto Rico of the flag of Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ; Regulation No. 5282 ) . In the regulation 's `` Artículo 2 : Definiciones '' and `` Artículo 2 : Descripción y simbolismo '' ( Article 2 : Description and Article 2 : Description and symbolism ) the government specifies the colors to be used but does not specify any official color tones or shades and as such it is not unusual to see the flag with either tone of blue flown in official settings in Puerto Rico .

Answer: The meaning of the colors was officially changed in 1952. Now the white bars stood for the republican form of government, rather than representing the victory and peace that Puerto Ricans were supposed to have after gaining independence. The sky - blue of the triangle in the original flag was changed to dark blue, resembling that of the flag of the United States. In 1995, the government of Puerto Rico began to use the sky - blue version once more.

There were some differences between the original flag of 1892 and the one of 1952 and the meaning of the colors was officially changed .

Now the white bars stood for the republican form of government , rather than representing the victory and peace that Puerto Ricans were supposed to have after gaining independence .

The sky - blue of the triangle in the original flag was changed to dark blue , resembling that of the flag of the United States , to keep it distanced from its revolutionary roots .

In 1995 , the government of Puerto Rico began to use the sky - blue version once more .


Input: what type of economic system does the bahamas have

Economy of the Bahamas

The Bahamas is a stable , developing nation in the Caribbean with a population of 391,232 ( 2016 ) and an economy heavily dependent on tourism and offshore banking . Steady growth in tourism receipts and a boom in construction of new hotels , resorts , and residences had led to solid GDP growth for many years , but the slowdown in the US economy and the attacks of September 11 , 2001 held back growth in these sectors in 2001 - 03 . Financial services constitute the second-most important sector of the Bahamian economy , accounting for about 15 % of GDP . However , since December 2000 , when the government enacted new regulations on the financial sector , many international businesses have left the Bahamas . Manufacturing and agriculture together contribute approximately 10 % of GDP and show little growth , despite government incentives for those sectors . Overall growth prospects in the short run rest heavily on the fortunes of the tourism sector , which depends on growth in the US , the source of more than 80 % of the visitors . In addition to tourism and banking , the government supports the development of a `` 2nd - pillar '' , e-commerce .

Answer: The Bahamas is an economy heavily dependent on tourism and offshore banking . Manufacturing and agriculture together contribute approximately 10 % of GDP and show little growth , despite government incentives for those sectors . Overall growth prospects in the short run rest heavily on the fortunes of the tourism sector , which depends on growth in the US , the source of more than 80 % of the visitors . In addition to tourism and banking , the government supports the development of a `` 2nd - pillar '' , e-commerce .

The Bahamas is a stable , developing nation in the Caribbean with a population of 391,232 ( 2016 ) and an economy heavily dependent on tourism and offshore banking .

Manufacturing and agriculture together contribute approximately 10 % of GDP and show little growth , despite government incentives for those sectors .

Overall growth prospects in the short run rest heavily on the fortunes of the tourism sector , which depends on growth in the US , the source of more than 80 % of the visitors .

In addition to tourism and banking , the government supports the development of a `` 2nd - pillar '' , e-commerce .


Input: the main achievement of the 287 b.c. law in roman constitutional history was

History of the Constitution of the Roman Republic

By 287 BC , the economic condition of the average Plebeian had become poor , and the result was the final Plebeian secession . The Plebeians seceded to the Janiculum hill , and to end the secession , a Dictator named Quintus Hortensius was appointed . Hortensius , a Plebeian , passed a law called the `` Hortensian Law '' ( Lex Hortensia ) , which ended the requirement that an auctoritas patrum be passed before any bill could be considered by either the Plebeian Council or the Tribal Assembly . The requirement was not changed for the Centuriate Assembly . The importance of the Hortensian Law was in that it removed from the senate its final check over the Plebeian Council ( the principal popular assembly ) . It should therefore not be viewed as the final triumph of democracy over aristocracy , since , through the Tribunes , the senate could still control the Plebeian Council . Thus , the ultimate significance of this law was in the fact that it robbed the Patricians of their final weapon over the Plebeians . The result was that the ultimate control over the state fell , not onto the shoulders of democracy , but onto the shoulders of the new Patricio - Plebeian aristocracy .

Answer: Hortensius, a Plebeian, passed a law called the ``Hortensian Law'' which ended the requirement that an auctoritas patrum be passed before any bill could be considered by either the Plebeian Council or the Tribal Assembly.  The result was that the ultimate control over the state fell, not onto the shoulders of democracy, but onto the shoulders of the new Patricio - Plebeian aristocracy.

Hortensius , a Plebeian , passed a law called the `` Hortensian Law '' ( Lex Hortensia ) , which ended the requirement that an auctoritas patrum be passed before any bill could be considered by either the Plebeian Council or the Tribal Assembly .

The result was that the ultimate control over the state fell , not onto the shoulders of democracy , but onto the shoulders of the new Patricio - Plebeian aristocracy .


Input: what happened to kunj in tashan e ishq

Tashan-e-Ishq

The story follows the life of Twinkle and Yuvraaj . Twinkle is madly in love with Yuvraj , despite their mothers being arch - rivals . However , Yuvraj is deceiving Twinkle and seeks to destroy her for his mother . Twinkle chooses family over love and marries Kunj , a wealthy man who frequently comes to her rescue . Yuvraj becomes obsessed and tries to disrupt Twinkle 's married life , but the newlyweds manage to save their Tashan - e-shaadi ( marriage ) and gradually grow closer and fall in love . When Yuvraj 's life is saved by Twinkle , he has a change of heart and helps the couple from the plots of his mother , Anita , who is sent to jail . Twinkle is pregnant when Kunj gets into an accident and is declared dead . For the sake of the child , Twinkle 's mother decides to marry her to Yuvraj , who is in love with Twinkle but sensitive of her heartbreak . Kunj , who is still alive and has undergone reconstructive surgery due to the accident , returns to his house and is shocked to see Yuvraj and Twinkle married . He leaves , swearing revenge . Five years later , Twinkle has lost her child but is still married to Yuvraj and unaware of his unconditional love for her . Kunj has become a successful international boxer and continues to plot revenge , and becomes suspected by Twinkle and Yuvraj . Twinkle leads him to confess that he is Kunj , but has no idea what to do about her husbands . Twinkle decides to live alone and study , demanding space from Kunj and Yuvraj , but they both find ways to get closer . Kunj becomes a boxing teacher at the school in order to help Twinkle gain admission , while Yuvraj wears a disguise to befriend her . Eventually , Twinkle becomes closer to Kunj , and despite Yuvraj 's renewed interference , Twinkle decides to remarry Kunj . Yuvraj plots with Kunj 's doctor and former - conspirator , Pallavi , to frame Kunj for murder , but both Kunj and Twinkle are charged . A new character , Simple , works with a remorseful Yuvraj to prove the couple 's innocence . In the course of this , Yuvraj and Simple fall in love , but need Twinkle and Kunj to point this out to them . Twinkle and Yuvraj convince their mothers to end the feud , and there are happy marriages of Twinkle and Kunj , Yuvraj and Simple .

Answer: Twinkle chooses family over love and marries Kunj. Twinkle is pregnant when Kunj gets into an accident and is declared dead. Kunj, who is still alive and has undergone reconstructive surgery due to the accident, returns to his house and is shocked to see Twinkle married Yuvraj. Eventually , Twinkle becomes closer to Kunj, Twinkle decides to remarry Kunj. Yuvraj falls in love with  Simple. There are happy marriages of Twinkle and Kunj, Yuvraj and Simple.

Twinkle chooses family over love and marries Kunj , a wealthy man who frequently comes to her rescue .

Twinkle is pregnant when Kunj gets into an accident and is declared dead .

Kunj , who is still alive and has undergone reconstructive surgery due to the accident , returns to his house and is shocked to see Yuvraj and Twinkle married .

Eventually , Twinkle becomes closer to Kunj , and despite Yuvraj 's renewed interference , Twinkle decides to remarry Kunj .

In the course of this , Yuvraj and Simple fall in love , but need Twinkle and Kunj to point this out to them .

Answer: Twinkle married Kunj and was pregnant when Kunj got into an accident and was declared dead. Kunj, who was still alive and had a reconstructive surgery due to the accident, returned to his house and was shocked to see Twinkle married Yuvraj. Eventually , Twinkle became closer to Kunj and decided to remarry Kunj.

Twinkle chooses family over love and marries Kunj , a wealthy man who frequently comes to her rescue .

Twinkle is pregnant when Kunj gets into an accident and is declared dead .

Kunj , who is still alive and has undergone reconstructive surgery due to the accident , returns to his house and is shocked to see Yuvraj and Twinkle married .

Eventually , Twinkle becomes closer to Kunj , and despite Yuvraj 's renewed interference , Twinkle decides to remarry Kunj .


Input: when was the first boy scout troop organized

List of the oldest Scout groups

There are records of Boy Scouts and Scouting groups from 1900 . The Boys ' Brigade began its Scouting scheme in 1906 . Scouting is usually considered to have started on 1 August 1907 with a camp run by Robert Baden - Powell on Brownsea Island . Thereafter the publishers C. Arthur Pearson Limited and Baden - Powell began promoting Scouting in Britain , and Scouting for Boys was published , initially in six fortnightly installments from January 1908 and then in complete book form . The book was followed by The Scout magazine from April 1908 . Boys began forming Scout patrols and flooding the C. Arthur Pearson Limited 's Scout office and Baden - Powell with requests for assistance .

Answer: There are records of Boy Scouts and Scouting groups from 1900. Scouting is usually considered to have started on 1 August, 1907, with a camp run by Robert Baden-Powell on Brownsea Island.

There are records of Boy Scouts and Scouting groups from 1900 .

Scouting is usually considered to have started on 1 August 1907 with a camp run by Robert Baden - Powell on Brownsea Island .


Input: what role does the male hormone testosterone play in puberty

Testosterone

Growth of spermatogenic tissue in testicles , male fertility , penis or clitoris enlargement , increased libido and frequency of erection or clitoral engorgement . Growth of jaw , brow , chin , nose , and remodeling of facial bone contours , in conjunction with human growth hormone . Completion of bone maturation and termination of growth . This occurs indirectly via estradiol metabolites and hence more gradually in men than women . Increased muscle strength and mass , shoulders become broader and rib cage expands , deepening of voice , growth of the Adam 's apple . Enlargement of sebaceous glands . This might cause acne , subcutaneous fat in face decreases . Pubic hair extends to thighs and up toward umbilicus , development of facial hair ( sideburns , beard , moustache ) , loss of scalp hair ( androgenetic alopecia ) , increase in chest hair , periareolar hair , perianal hair , leg hair , armpit hair .

Answer:
Growth of spermatogenic tissue in testicles, male fertility, penis or clitoris enlargement, increased libido and frequency of erection or clitoral engorgement.
 Growth of jaw, brow, chin, nose, and remodeling of facial bone contours, in conjunction with human growth hormone.
Increased muscle strength and mass, shoulders become broader and rib cage expands, deepening of voice, growth of the Adam 's apple.
 Enlargement of sebaceous glands .
Pubic hair extends to thighs and up toward umbilicus, development of facial hair (sideburns, beard, moustache), loss of scalp hair (androgenetic alopecia) , increase in chest hair, periareolar hair, perianal hair, leg hair, armpit hair.

Growth of spermatogenic tissue in testicles , male fertility , penis or clitoris enlargement , increased libido and frequency of erection or clitoral engorgement .

Growth of jaw , brow , chin , nose , and remodeling of facial bone contours , in conjunction with human growth hormone .

Increased muscle strength and mass , shoulders become broader and rib cage expands , deepening of voice , growth of the Adam 's apple .

Pubic hair extends to thighs and up toward umbilicus , development of facial hair ( sideburns , beard , moustache ) , loss of scalp hair ( androgenetic alopecia ) , increase in chest hair , periareolar hair , perianal hair , leg hair , armpit hair .


Input: who is the us general of the army

General of the Army (United States)

General of the Army ( abbreviated as GA ) is a five - star general officer and the second highest possible rank in the United States Army . A General of the Army ranks immediately above a general and is equivalent to a Fleet Admiral and a General of the Air Force . There is no established equivalent five - star rank in the other federal uniformed services ( Marine Corps , Coast Guard , United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps , and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Corps ) . Often called a `` five - star general '' , the rank of General of the Army has historically been reserved for wartime use and is not currently active in the U.S. military . The General of the Army insignia consisted of five 3 / 8th inch stars in a pentagonal pattern , with points touching . The insignia is paired with the gold and enameled United States Coat of Arms on service coat shoulder loops . The silver colored five - star metal insignia alone would be worn for use as a collar insignia of grade and on the garrison cap . Soft shoulder epaulettes with five 7 / 16th inch stars in silver thread and gold - threaded United States Coat of Arms on green cloth were worn with shirts and sweaters .

Answer: General of the Army (GA) is a five - star general officer and the second highest possible rank in the United States Army.  A General of the Army ranks immediately above a general and is equivalent to a Fleet Admiral and a General of the Air Force.  The rank of General of the Army has historically been reserved for wartime use and is not currently active in the U.S. military.

General of the Army ( abbreviated as GA ) is a five - star general officer and the second highest possible rank in the United States Army .

A General of the Army ranks immediately above a general and is equivalent to a Fleet Admiral and a General of the Air Force .

Often called a `` five - star general '' , the rank of General of the Army has historically been reserved for wartime use and is not currently active in the U.S. military .


Input: what is the difference between ansi lumens and lumens

Lumen (unit)

The light output of projectors ( including video projectors ) is typically measured in lumens . A standardized procedure for testing projectors has been established by the American National Standards Institute , which involves averaging together several measurements taken at different positions . For marketing purposes , the luminous flux of projectors that have been tested according to this procedure may be quoted in `` ANSI lumens '' , to distinguish them from those tested by other methods . ANSI lumen measurements are in general more accurate than the other measurement techniques used in the projector industry . This allows projectors to be more easily compared on the basis of their brightness specifications .

Answer: A standardized procedure for testing projectors has been established by the American National Standards Institute, which involves averaging together several measurements taken at different positions. ANSI lumen measurements are in general more accurate than the other measurement techniques used in the projector industry.

A standardized procedure for testing projectors has been established by the American National Standards Institute , which involves averaging together several measurements taken at different positions .

ANSI lumen measurements are in general more accurate than the other measurement techniques used in the projector industry .

Answer: A standardized procedure for testing projectors has been established by the American National Standards Institute, which involves averaging together several measurements taken at different positions.   The luminous flux of projectors that have been tested according to this procedure may be quoted in `` ANSI lumens.''  ANSI lumen measurements are in general more accurate than the other measurement techniques used in the projector industry.

A standardized procedure for testing projectors has been established by the American National Standards Institute , which involves averaging together several measurements taken at different positions .

For marketing purposes , the luminous flux of projectors that have been tested according to this procedure may be quoted in `` ANSI lumens '' , to distinguish them from those tested by other methods .

ANSI lumen measurements are in general more accurate than the other measurement techniques used in the projector industry .


Input: what is a pac’s or political action committee

Political action committee

In the United States , a political action committee ( PAC ) is a type of organization that pools campaign contributions from members and donates those funds to campaign for or against candidates , ballot initiatives , or legislation . The legal term PAC has been created in pursuit of campaign finance reform in the United States . This term is quite specific to all activities of campaign finance in the United States . Democracies of other countries use different terms for the units of campaign spending or spending on political competition ( see political finance ) . At the U.S. federal level , an organization becomes a PAC when it receives or spends more than $1,000 for the purpose of influencing a federal election , and registers with the Federal Election Commission , according to the Federal Election Campaign Act as amended by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 ( also known as the McCain - Feingold Act ) . At the state level , an organization becomes a PAC according to the state 's election laws .

Answer: In the United States, a political action committee (PAC) is a type of organization that pools campaign contributions from members and donates those funds to campaign for or against candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation.  At the U.S. federal level, an organization becomes a PAC when it receives or spends more than $1,000 for the purpose of influencing a federal election, and registers with the Federal Election Commission.  At the state level, an organization becomes a PAC according to the state's election laws.

In the United States , a political action committee ( PAC ) is a type of organization that pools campaign contributions from members and donates those funds to campaign for or against candidates , ballot initiatives , or legislation .

At the U.S. federal level , an organization becomes a PAC when it receives or spends more than $1,000 for the purpose of influencing a federal election , and registers with the Federal Election Commission , according to the Federal Election Campaign Act as amended by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 ( also known as the McCain - Feingold Act ) .

At the state level , an organization becomes a PAC according to the state 's election laws .


Input: where do i find my national identification number

National identification number

In the United States , a Selective Service Number must be applied for by all male citizens turning age 18 . An optional national identity number is the Social Security number ( SSN ) , a nine - digit number issued to U.S. citizens , permanent residents , and temporary ( working ) residents . Its purpose was to identify individuals for the purposes of Social Security , but it is now also used to track individuals for taxation purposes . There is no legal requirement to have a SSN if it is not required for Social Security or taxation purposes , but in practice one is required for many other purposes , for example to open a bank account or apply for a driving license , so that nearly all U.S. citizens and permanent residents have one . The SSN has therefore become a de facto national identification number , despite the fact that originally it was expressly not for this purpose , and in fact a valid SSN can be easily guessed , as they are issued serially

Answer: There is no legal requirement to have a Social Security number if it is not required for Social Security or taxation purposes, however, the SSN has become a de facto national identification number in the United States.

In the United States , a Selective Service Number must be applied for by all male citizens turning age 18 .

There is no legal requirement to have a SSN if it is not required for Social Security or taxation purposes , but in practice one is required for many other purposes , for example to open a bank account or apply for a driving license , so that nearly all U.S. citizens and permanent residents have one .

The SSN has therefore become a de facto national identification number , despite the fact that originally it was expressly not for this purpose , and in fact a valid SSN can be easily guessed , as they are issued serially

Answer: The Social Security number has therefore become a de facto national identification number.

An optional national identity number is the Social Security number ( SSN ) , a nine - digit number issued to U.S. citizens , permanent residents , and temporary ( working ) residents .

Its purpose was to identify individuals for the purposes of Social Security , but it is now also used to track individuals for taxation purposes .

There is no legal requirement to have a SSN if it is not required for Social Security or taxation purposes , but in practice one is required for many other purposes , for example to open a bank account or apply for a driving license , so that nearly all U.S. citizens and permanent residents have one .

The SSN has therefore become a de facto national identification number , despite the fact that originally it was expressly not for this purpose , and in fact a valid SSN can be easily guessed , as they are issued serially


Input: when does rain occur in a warm front

Warm front

As the air mass rises into regions of lower pressure , it expands and cools . As it cools , any water vapor that is present will condense and form extensive cloud cover . The first clouds that indicate an approaching warm front tend to be mostly high cirrus at first , changing to cirrostratus as the front approaches . However , if cirrocumulus also appears , there is greater airmass instability approaching ahead of the front . When these high clouds progressively invade the sky and the barometric pressure begins to fall , precipitation associated with the disturbance is likely about 6 to 8 hours away . A thickening and lowering of these high clouds into middle - étage altostratus or altocumulus is a good sign the warm front or low has moved closer and precipitation may begin within less than six hours . Once the clouds have thickened to 2,500 metres ( 8,200 ft ) from the earth 's surface , precipitation can begin to fall from heavy nimbostratus . If unstable altocumulus castellanus accompanies or takes the place of the main altostratus layer , cumulus congestus or cumulonimbus producing showers or thunderstorms may follow . Low stratus and stratocumulus commonly form underneath the main precipitating clouds .

Answer: The first clouds that indicate an approaching warm front tend to be mostly high cirrus at first. If cirrocumulus also appears, there is greater airmass instability approaching ahead of the front.  When these high clouds progressively invade the sky and the barometric pressure begins to fall, precipitation associated with the disturbance is likely about 6 to 8 hours away.  A thickening and lowering of these high clouds into middle - étage altostratus or altocumulus is a good sign the warm front or low has moved closer and precipitation may begin within less than six hours.  Once the clouds have thickened to 2,500 metres (8,200 ft) from the earth's surface, precipitation can begin to fall from heavy nimbostratus.

The first clouds that indicate an approaching warm front tend to be mostly high cirrus at first , changing to cirrostratus as the front approaches .

However , if cirrocumulus also appears , there is greater airmass instability approaching ahead of the front .

A thickening and lowering of these high clouds into middle - étage altostratus or altocumulus is a good sign the warm front or low has moved closer and precipitation may begin within less than six hours .

Once the clouds have thickened to 2,500 metres ( 8,200 ft ) from the earth 's surface , precipitation can begin to fall from heavy nimbostratus .

Answer: The first clouds that indicate an approaching warm front tend to be mostly high cirrus at first. A thickening and lowering of these high clouds into middle - étage altostratus or altocumulus is a good sign the warm front or low has moved closer and precipitation may begin within less than six hours.

The first clouds that indicate an approaching warm front tend to be mostly high cirrus at first , changing to cirrostratus as the front approaches .

A thickening and lowering of these high clouds into middle - étage altostratus or altocumulus is a good sign the warm front or low has moved closer and precipitation may begin within less than six hours .


Input: what is the meaning of the name suzanne

Suzanne (given name)

Suzanne is a common female given name that was particularly popular in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s . It remained in the top 200 most popular names in the United States between 1930 and the late 1980s . Form of the Hebrew name שׁוֹשַׁנָּה ( Shoshannah ) . This was derived from the Hebrew word שׁוֹשָׁן ( shoshan ) meaning `` lily '' ( in modern Hebrew this also means `` rose '' ) . However , it has also been regularly used in English speaking countries since before the start of the 20th century . It may also be spelled Susanne , and common diminutives are Sue and Suzy .

Answer: Suzanne is a common female given name derived from the Hebrew word meaning ``lily''.

Suzanne is a common female given name that was particularly popular in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s .

This was derived from the Hebrew word שׁוֹשָׁן ( shoshan ) meaning `` lily '' ( in modern Hebrew this also means `` rose '' ) .

Answer: Suzanne was derived from the Hebrew word "shoshan," which means "lily" or "rose."

Suzanne is a common female given name that was particularly popular in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s .

This was derived from the Hebrew word שׁוֹשָׁן ( shoshan ) meaning `` lily '' ( in modern Hebrew this also means `` rose '' ) .


Input: who has solos in we are the world

We Are the World

`` We Are the World '' is sung from a first person viewpoint , allowing the audience to `` internalize '' the message by singing the word we together . It has been described as `` an appeal to human compassion '' . The first lines in the song 's repetitive chorus proclaim , `` We are the world , we are the children , we are the ones who make a brighter day , so let 's start giving '' . `` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse . Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together . Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus . Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge . This structuring of the song is said to `` create a sense of continuous surprise and emotional buildup '' . `` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram .

Answer: `` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse . Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse.

`` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse .

Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus .


Input: what is system of a down byob about

B.Y.O.B. (song)

`` B.Y.O.B. '' ( `` Bring Your Own Bombs '' ) is a song by Armenian - American alternative metal band System of a Down . It was released in March 2005 as the lead single from their fourth album Mezmerize . Like their earlier song `` Boom ! '' , it was written in protest against the Iraq War . The song reached number 27 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , the band 's highest peak to date on the chart .

Answer: ``B.Y.O.B.'' Like the earlier song ``Boom !'' was written in protest against the Iraq War.

, it was written in protest against the Iraq War .

Answer: B.Y.O.B. was written in protest against the Iraq War.

, it was written in protest against the Iraq War .


Input: where is the uk located in the world

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) and colloquially Great Britain ( GB ) or simply Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north - western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north - eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state -- the Republic of Ireland . Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south - south - west , giving it the 12th - longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of 242,500 square kilometres ( 93,600 sq mi ) , the United Kingdom is the 78th - largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th - largest in Europe . It is also the 21st-most populous country , with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union ( EU ) .

Answer: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north - western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north - eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. The United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) and colloquially Great Britain ( GB ) or simply Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe .

Lying off the north - western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north - eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands .

Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south - south - west , giving it the 12th - longest coastline in the world .

Answer: The United Kingdom of Great Britain lies off the north - western coast of the European mainland. It is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south - south - west.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) and colloquially Great Britain ( GB ) or simply Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe .

Lying off the north - western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north - eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands .

Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south - south - west , giving it the 12th - longest coastline in the world .


Input: what is the relationship between raggedy ann and andy

Raggedy Ann

Raggedy Ann is a character created by American writer Johnny Gruelle ( 1880 -- 1938 ) that appeared in a series of books he wrote and illustrated for young children . Raggedy Ann is a rag doll with red yarn for hair and has a triangle nose . Johnny Gruelle received US Patent D47789 for his Raggedy Ann doll on September 7 , 1915 . The character was created in 1915 as a doll , and was introduced to the public in the 1918 book Raggedy Ann Stories . When a doll was marketed with the book , the concept had great success . A sequel , Raggedy Andy Stories ( 1920 ) , introduced the character of her brother , Raggedy Andy .

Answer: Raggedy Ann is a character created by American writer Johnny Gruelle, and in a sequel, Raggedy Andy Stories (1920) introduced the character of her brother, Raggedy Andy.

Raggedy Ann is a character created by American writer Johnny Gruelle ( 1880 -- 1938 ) that appeared in a series of books he wrote and illustrated for young children .

A sequel , Raggedy Andy Stories ( 1920 ) , introduced the character of her brother , Raggedy Andy .

Answer: Raggedy Ann is a character created by American writer Johnny Gruelle. Raggedy Andy Stories is the sequel, where the character of her brother, Raggedy Andy was introduced.

Raggedy Ann is a character created by American writer Johnny Gruelle ( 1880 -- 1938 ) that appeared in a series of books he wrote and illustrated for young children .

A sequel , Raggedy Andy Stories ( 1920 ) , introduced the character of her brother , Raggedy Andy .


Input: velocity of light is minimum in which medium

Speed of light

The phase velocity is important in determining how a light wave travels through a material or from one material to another . It is often represented in terms of a refractive index . The refractive index of a material is defined as the ratio of c to the phase velocity v in the material : larger indices of refraction indicate lower speeds . The refractive index of a material may depend on the light 's frequency , intensity , polarization , or direction of propagation ; in many cases , though , it can be treated as a material - dependent constant . The refractive index of air is approximately 1.0003 . Denser media , such as water , glass , and diamond , have refractive indexes of around 1.3 , 1.5 and 2.4 , respectively , for visible light . In exotic materials like Bose -- Einstein condensates near absolute zero , the effective speed of light may be only a few metres per second . However , this represents absorption and re-radiation delay between atoms , as do all slower - than - c speeds in material substances . As an extreme example of light `` slowing '' in matter , two independent teams of physicists claimed to bring light to a `` complete standstill '' by passing it through a Bose -- Einstein condensate of the element rubidium , one team at Harvard University and the Rowland Institute for Science in Cambridge , Mass. , and the other at the Harvard -- Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , also in Cambridge . However , the popular description of light being `` stopped '' in these experiments refers only to light being stored in the excited states of atoms , then re-emitted at an arbitrarily later time , as stimulated by a second laser pulse . During the time it had `` stopped , '' it had ceased to be light . This type of behaviour is generally microscopically true of all transparent media which `` slow '' the speed of light .

Answer: In exotic materials like Bose -- Einstein condensates near absolute zero, the effective speed of light may be only a few meters per second.  This type of behaviour is generally microscopically true of all transparent media which ``slow'' the speed of light.

In exotic materials like Bose -- Einstein condensates near absolute zero , the effective speed of light may be only a few metres per second .

This type of behaviour is generally microscopically true of all transparent media which `` slow '' the speed of light .

Answer: In exotic materials like Bose -- Einstein condensates near absolute zero , the effective speed of light may be only a few metres per second . Light is claimed to be brought to a `` complete standstill '' in a Bose -- Einstein condensate of the element rubidium. Stopping the light is generally microscopically true of all transparent media which `` slow '' the speed of light .

In exotic materials like Bose -- Einstein condensates near absolute zero , the effective speed of light may be only a few metres per second .

As an extreme example of light `` slowing '' in matter , two independent teams of physicists claimed to bring light to a `` complete standstill '' by passing it through a Bose -- Einstein condensate of the element rubidium , one team at Harvard University and the Rowland Institute for Science in Cambridge , Mass. , and the other at the Harvard -- Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , also in Cambridge .

However , the popular description of light being `` stopped '' in these experiments refers only to light being stored in the excited states of atoms , then re-emitted at an arbitrarily later time , as stimulated by a second laser pulse .

During the time it had `` stopped , '' it had ceased to be light .

This type of behaviour is generally microscopically true of all transparent media which `` slow '' the speed of light .


Input: how does a cladogram show the relationship among organisms

Cladogram

A cladogram ( from Greek clados `` branch '' and gramma `` character '' ) is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms . A cladogram is not , however , an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants , nor does it show how much they have changed ; many evolutionary trees can be inferred from a single cladogram . A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade , a groups of organisms with a last common ancestor . There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines . The lines can be traced back to where they branch off . These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor ( not an actual entity ) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it . This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features , adaptation , and other evolutionary narratives about ancestors . Although traditionally such cladograms were generated largely on the basis of morphological characters , DNA and RNA sequencing data and computational phylogenetics are now very commonly used in the generation of cladograms , either on their own or in combination with morphology .

Answer: A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade , a groups of organisms with a last common ancestor .These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor ( not an actual entity ) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it .

A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade , a groups of organisms with a last common ancestor .

These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor ( not an actual entity ) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it .

Answer: A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off. These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it. This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features , adaptation , and other evolutionary narratives about ancestors .

A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade , a groups of organisms with a last common ancestor .

The lines can be traced back to where they branch off .

These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor ( not an actual entity ) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it .

This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features , adaptation , and other evolutionary narratives about ancestors .


Input: where is the boreal forest located in canada

Boreal forest of Canada

Canada 's Boreal forest comprises about one third of the circumpolar boreal forest that rings the Northern Hemisphere , mostly north of the 50th parallel . Other countries with boreal forest , also called taiga , include Russia , which contains the majority , the United States in its northernmost state of Alaska , and the Scandinavian or Northern European countries ( e.g. Sweden , Finland , Norway and small regions of Scotland ) . The boreal region in Canada covers almost 60 % of the country 's land area . The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska . The area is dominated by coniferous forests , particularly spruce , interspersed with vast wetlands , mostly bogs and fens . The boreal region of Canada includes eight ecozones . While the biodiversity of regions varies , each ecozone has a characteristic native flora and fauna .

Answer: Canada's Boreal forest comprises about one third of the circumpolar boreal forest that rings the Northern Hemisphere, mostly north of the 50th parallel. The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska.

Canada 's Boreal forest comprises about one third of the circumpolar boreal forest that rings the Northern Hemisphere , mostly north of the 50th parallel .

The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska .

Answer: The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska .

The Canadian boreal region spans the landscape from the most easterly part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the border between the far northern Yukon and Alaska .


Input: when was traditional clothing outlawed by the leader of iran

History of the Islamic Republic of Iran

In April 2007 , the Tehran police began the most fierce crackdown on `` bad hijab '' in more than a decade . In the capital Tehran thousands of Iranian women were cautioned over their poor Islamic dress and several hundred arrested . In 2011 , an estimated 70,000 police in Tehran alone , patrolled for clothing and hair infractions . As of 2011 , men are barred from wearing necklaces , `` glamorous '' hairstyles , ponytails , and shorts . Neckties are forbidden in the holy city of Qom . After a leading cleric ( Hojatoleslam Gholamreza Hassani ) issued a fatwa against keeping dogs as pets , a crackdown on dog ownership commenced .

Answer: In April 2007, the Tehran police began the most fierce crackdown on ``bad hijab'' in more than a decade.  As of 2011, men are barred from wearing necklaces, ``glamorous'' hairstyles, ponytails, and shorts.

In April 2007 , the Tehran police began the most fierce crackdown on `` bad hijab '' in more than a decade .

As of 2011 , men are barred from wearing necklaces , `` glamorous '' hairstyles , ponytails , and shorts .


Input: how did the natives of hawaii get there

Native Hawaiians

One theory is that the first Polynesians arrived in Hawaii in the 4th century from the Marquesas by travelling in groups of wakas , and were followed by Tahitians in AD 1300 , who then conquered the original inhabitants . Another is that a single , extended period of settlement populated the islands . Evidence for a Tahitian conquest of the islands include the legends of Hawai ʻiloa and the navigator - priest Pa ʻao , who is said to have made a voyage between Hawaii and the island of `` Kahiki '' ( Fiji ) and introduced many customs . Early historians , such as Fornander and Beckwith , subscribed to this Tahitian invasion theory , but later historians , such as Kirch , do not mention it . King Kalakaua claimed that Pa'ao was from Samoa .

Answer: One theory is that the first Polynesians arrived in Hawaii in the 4th century from the Marquesas by travelling in groups of wakas, and were followed by Tahitians in AD 1300, who then conquered the original inhabitants. King Kalakaua claimed that Pa'ao was from Samoa.

One theory is that the first Polynesians arrived in Hawaii in the 4th century from the Marquesas by travelling in groups of wakas , and were followed by Tahitians in AD 1300 , who then conquered the original inhabitants .

King Kalakaua claimed that Pa'ao was from Samoa .

Answer: One theory is that the first Polynesians arrived in Hawaii in the 4th century from the Marquesas by travelling in groups of wakas , and were followed by Tahitians in AD 1300 , who then conquered the original inhabitants . Another is that a single , extended period of settlement populated the islands .

One theory is that the first Polynesians arrived in Hawaii in the 4th century from the Marquesas by travelling in groups of wakas , and were followed by Tahitians in AD 1300 , who then conquered the original inhabitants .

Another is that a single , extended period of settlement populated the islands .


Input: how many flights to the top of the eiffel tower

Eiffel Tower

The tower has three levels for visitors , with restaurants on the first and second levels . The top level 's upper platform is 276 m ( 906 ft ) above the ground -- the highest observation deck accessible to the public in the European Union . Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or lift to the first and second levels . The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps , as is the climb from the first level to the second . Although there is a staircase to the top level , it is usually accessible only by lift .

Answer: The tower has three levels for visitors, with each over 300 steps from ground level to the first level.

The tower has three levels for visitors , with restaurants on the first and second levels .

The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps , as is the climb from the first level to the second .

Answer: The tower has three levels for visitors. The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the climb from the first level to the second. Although there is a staircase to the top level, it is usually accessible only by lift.

The tower has three levels for visitors , with restaurants on the first and second levels .

The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps , as is the climb from the first level to the second .

Although there is a staircase to the top level , it is usually accessible only by lift .


Input: who is pictured on the back of the two dollar bill

United States two-dollar bill

The United States two - dollar bill ( $2 ) is a current denomination of U.S. currency . The third U.S. President ( 1801 -- 09 ) , Thomas Jefferson , is featured on the obverse of the note . The reverse features an engraving of the painting Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull . Throughout the $2 bill 's pre-1929 life as a large - sized note , it was issued as a United States Note , National Bank Note , silver certificate , Treasury or `` Coin '' Note and Federal Reserve Bank Note . When U.S. currency was changed to its current size , the $2 bill was issued only as a United States Note . Production went on until 1966 , when the series was discontinued . Ten years passed before the $2 bill was reissued as a Federal Reserve Note with a new reverse design . Two - dollar bills are seldom seen in circulation as a result of banking policies with businesses which has resulted in low production numbers due to lack of demand . This comparative scarcity in circulation , coupled with a lack of public knowledge that the bill is still in production and circulation , has also inspired urban legends about its authenticity and value and has occasionally created problems for those trying to use the bill to make purchases .

Answer: The reverse features an engraving of the painting Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull. Ten years passed before the $2 bill was reissued as a Federal Reserve Note with a new reverse design.

The reverse features an engraving of the painting Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull .

Ten years passed before the $2 bill was reissued as a Federal Reserve Note with a new reverse design .


Input: who propounded cell theory what are its main points

Cell theory

Credit for developing cell theory is usually given to two scientists : Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden . While Rudolf Virchow contributed to the theory , he is not as credited for his attributions toward it . In 1839 , Schleiden suggested that every structural part of a plant was made up of cells or the result of cells . He also suggested that cells were made by a crystallization process either within other cells or from the outside . However , this was not an original idea of Schleiden . He claimed this theory as his own , though Barthelemy Dumortier had stated it years before him . This crystallization process is no longer accepted with modern cell theory . In 1839 , Theodor Schwann states that along with plants , animals are composed of cells or the product of cells in their structures . This was a major advancement in the field of biology since little was known about animal structure up to this point compared to plants . From these conclusions about plants and animals , two of the three tenets of cell theory were postulated .

Answer: Credit for developing cell theory is usually given to two scientists : Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden . In 1839 , Theodor Schwann states that along with plants , animals are composed of cells or the product of cells in their structures .

Credit for developing cell theory is usually given to two scientists : Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden .

In 1839 , Theodor Schwann states that along with plants , animals are composed of cells or the product of cells in their structures .


Input: when did pomp and circumstance become the graduation song

Pomp and Circumstance Marches

In the United States , the Trio section `` Land of Hope and Glory '' of March No. 1 is often known simply as `` Pomp and Circumstance '' or as `` The Graduation March '' and is played as the processional tune at virtually all high school and some college graduation ceremonies . It was first played at such a ceremony on 28 June 1905 , at Yale University , where the Professor of Music Samuel Sanford had invited his friend Elgar to attend commencement and receive an honorary doctorate of music . Elgar accepted , and Sanford made certain he was the star of the proceedings , engaging the New Haven Symphony Orchestra , the College Choir , the Glee Club , the music faculty members , and New York musicians to perform two parts from Elgar 's oratorio The Light of Life and , as the graduates and officials marched out , `` Pomp and Circumstance '' March No . 1 . Elgar repaid the compliment by dedicating his Introduction and Allegro to Sanford later that year . The tune soon became de rigueur at American graduations , used primarily as a processional at the opening of the ceremony . Description

Answer: Pomp and Circumstance Marches was first played at such a ceremony on 28 June 1905 , at Yale University , where the Professor of Music Samuel Sanford had invited his friend Elgar to attend commencement and receive an honorary doctorate of music . The tune soon became de rigueur at American graduations , used primarily as a processional at the opening of the ceremony .

It was first played at such a ceremony on 28 June 1905 , at Yale University , where the Professor of Music Samuel Sanford had invited his friend Elgar to attend commencement and receive an honorary doctorate of music .

The tune soon became de rigueur at American graduations , used primarily as a processional at the opening of the ceremony .


Input: when did the states seceded during the civil war

Secession in the United States

The most famous secession movement was the case of the Southern states of the United States . Secession from the United States was accepted in eleven states ( and failed in two others ) . The seceding states joined together to form the Confederate States of America ( CSA ) . The eleven states of the CSA , in order of secession , were : South Carolina ( seceded December 20 , 1860 ) , Mississippi ( seceded January 9 , 1861 ) , Florida ( seceded January 10 , 1861 ) , Alabama ( seceded January 11 , 1861 ) , Georgia ( seceded January 19 , 1861 ) , Louisiana ( seceded January 26 , 1861 ) , Texas ( seceded February 1 , 1861 ) , Virginia ( seceded April 17 , 1861 ) , Arkansas ( seceded May 6 , 1861 ) , North Carolina ( seceded May 20 , 1861 ) , and Tennessee ( seceded June 8 , 1861 ) . Secession was declared by its supporters in Missouri and Kentucky , but did not become effective as it was opposed by their pro-Union state governments . This secession movement brought about the American Civil War . The position of the Union was that the Confederacy was not a sovereign nation -- and never had been , but that `` the Union '' was always a single nation by intent of the states themselves , from 1776 onward -- and thus that a rebellion had been initiated by individuals . Historian Bruce Catton described President Abraham Lincoln 's April 15 , 1861 , proclamation after the attack on Fort Sumter , which defined the Union 's position on the hostilities :

Answer: Secession from the United States was accepted in eleven states. The eleven states of the CSA , in order of secession , were : South Carolina ( seceded December 20 , 1860 ) , Mississippi ( seceded January 9 , 1861 ) , Florida ( seceded January 10 , 1861 ) , Alabama ( seceded January 11 , 1861 ) , Georgia ( seceded January 19 , 1861 ) , Louisiana ( seceded January 26 , 1861 ) , Texas ( seceded February 1 , 1861 ) , Virginia ( seceded April 17 , 1861 ) , Arkansas ( seceded May 6 , 1861 ) , North Carolina ( seceded May 20 , 1861 ) , and Tennessee ( seceded June 8 , 1861 ) .

Secession from the United States was accepted in eleven states ( and failed in two others ) .

The eleven states of the CSA , in order of secession , were : South Carolina ( seceded December 20 , 1860 ) , Mississippi ( seceded January 9 , 1861 ) , Florida ( seceded January 10 , 1861 ) , Alabama ( seceded January 11 , 1861 ) , Georgia ( seceded January 19 , 1861 ) , Louisiana ( seceded January 26 , 1861 ) , Texas ( seceded February 1 , 1861 ) , Virginia ( seceded April 17 , 1861 ) , Arkansas ( seceded May 6 , 1861 ) , North Carolina ( seceded May 20 , 1861 ) , and Tennessee ( seceded June 8 , 1861 ) .