Input: pelvic inflammatory disease inflammation of the female upper reproductive tract is caused by

Pelvic inflammatory disease

The disease is caused by bacteria that spread from the vagina and cervix . Infections by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis are present in 75 to 90 percent of cases . Often multiple different bacteria are involved . Without treatment about 10 percent of those with a chlamydial infection and 40 percent of those with a gonorrhea infection will develop PID . Risk factors are similar to those of sexually transmitted infections generally and include a high number of sexual partners and drug use . Vaginal douching may also increase the risk . The diagnosis is typically based on the presenting signs and symptoms . It is recommended that the disease be considered in all women of childbearing age who have lower abdominal pain . A definitive diagnosis of PID is made by finding pus involving the fallopian tubes during surgery . Ultrasound may also be useful in diagnosis .

Answer: The disease is often caused by multiple, different bacteria that spread from the vagina and cervix .

The disease is caused by bacteria that spread from the vagina and cervix .

Often multiple different bacteria are involved .

Answer: The disease is often caused by multiple different bacteria that spread from the vagina and cervix.  Infections by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis are present in 75 to 90 percent of cases.

The disease is caused by bacteria that spread from the vagina and cervix .

Infections by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis are present in 75 to 90 percent of cases .

Often multiple different bacteria are involved .


Input: who can show standing to bring an issue to the court's attention

Standing (law)

In the United States , the current doctrine is that a person can not bring a suit challenging the constitutionality of a law unless the plaintiff can demonstrate that he / she / it is or will `` imminently '' be harmed by the law . Otherwise , the court will rule that the plaintiff `` lacks standing '' to bring the suit , and will dismiss the case without considering the merits of the claim of unconstitutionality . To have a court declare a law unconstitutional , there must be a valid reason for the lawsuit . The party suing must have something to lose in order to sue unless it has automatic standing by action of law .

Answer: In the United States , the current doctrine is that a person can not bring a suit challenging the constitutionality of a law unless the plaintiff can demonstrate that he / she / it is or will `` imminently '' be harmed by the law .

In the United States , the current doctrine is that a person can not bring a suit challenging the constitutionality of a law unless the plaintiff can demonstrate that he / she / it is or will `` imminently '' be harmed by the law .

The party suing must have something to lose in order to sue unless it has automatic standing by action of law .

Answer: In the United States, a person can bring a suit challenging the constitutionality of a law if the plaintiff can demonstrate that he / she / it is or will `` imminently '' be harmed by the law.

In the United States , the current doctrine is that a person can not bring a suit challenging the constitutionality of a law unless the plaintiff can demonstrate that he / she / it is or will `` imminently '' be harmed by the law .

The party suing must have something to lose in order to sue unless it has automatic standing by action of law .


Input: what is the meaning of the 4 horsemen of the apocalypse

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

Though theologians and popular culture differ on the first Horseman , the four riders are often seen as symbolizing Conquest or Pestilence ( and less frequently , the Christ or the Antichrist ) , War , Famine , and Death . The Christian apocalyptic vision is that the Four Horsemen are to set a divine apocalypse upon the world as harbingers of the Last Judgment . One reading ties the Four Horsemen to the history of the Roman Empire subsequent to the era in which the Book of Revelation was written . That is , they are a symbolic prophecy of the subsequent history of the Empire .

Answer: Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse are often seen as symbolizing Conquest or Pestilence (and less frequently, the Christ or the Antichrist), War, Famine, and Death. The Christian apocalyptic vision is that the Four Horsemen are to set a divine apocalypse upon the world as harbingers of the Last Judgment. They are also a symbolic prophecy of the subsequent history of the Empire

Though theologians and popular culture differ on the first Horseman , the four riders are often seen as symbolizing Conquest or Pestilence ( and less frequently , the Christ or the Antichrist ) , War , Famine , and Death .

The Christian apocalyptic vision is that the Four Horsemen are to set a divine apocalypse upon the world as harbingers of the Last Judgment .

That is , they are a symbolic prophecy of the subsequent history of the Empire .

Answer: Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse are often seen as symbolizing Conquest or Pestilence (and less frequently, the Christ or the Antichrist), War, Famine, and Death. The Christian apocalyptic vision is that the Four Horsemen are to set a divine apocalypse upon the world as harbingers of the Last Judgment. They are also a symbolic prophecy of the subsequent history of the Roman Empire.

Though theologians and popular culture differ on the first Horseman , the four riders are often seen as symbolizing Conquest or Pestilence ( and less frequently , the Christ or the Antichrist ) , War , Famine , and Death .

The Christian apocalyptic vision is that the Four Horsemen are to set a divine apocalypse upon the world as harbingers of the Last Judgment .

One reading ties the Four Horsemen to the history of the Roman Empire subsequent to the era in which the Book of Revelation was written .

That is , they are a symbolic prophecy of the subsequent history of the Empire .


Input: who wrote and sang make the world go away

Make the World Go Away

`` Make the World Go Away ' '' is a country - popular music song composed by Hank Cochran . It has become a Top 40 popular success three times : for Timi Yuro ( during 1963 ) , for Eddy Arnold ( 1965 ) , and for the brother - sister duo Donny and Marie Osmond ( 1975 ) . The original version of the song was recorded by Ray Price during 1963 . It has remained a country crooner standard ever since .

Answer: `` Make the World Go Away ' '' is a country - popular music song composed by Hank Cochran and first recorded by Ray Price.

`` Make the World Go Away ' '' is a country - popular music song composed by Hank Cochran .

The original version of the song was recorded by Ray Price during 1963 .


Input: what does the word stay mean in legal terms

Stay of proceedings

A stay of proceedings is a ruling by the court in civil and criminal procedure , halting further legal process in a trial or other legal proceeding . The court can subsequently lift the stay and resume proceedings based on events taking place after the stay is ordered . However , a stay is sometimes used as a device to postpone proceedings indefinitely .

Answer: A stay of proceedings is a ruling by the court in civil and criminal procedure, halting further legal process in a trial or other legal proceeding. However, a stay is sometimes used as a device to postpone proceedings indefinitely.

A stay of proceedings is a ruling by the court in civil and criminal procedure , halting further legal process in a trial or other legal proceeding .

However , a stay is sometimes used as a device to postpone proceedings indefinitely .

Answer: A stay of proceedings is a ruling by the court in civil and criminal procedure, halting further legal process in a trial or other legal proceeding.  A stay is sometimes used as a device to postpone proceedings indefinitely.

A stay of proceedings is a ruling by the court in civil and criminal procedure , halting further legal process in a trial or other legal proceeding .

However , a stay is sometimes used as a device to postpone proceedings indefinitely .


Input: where is the kuiper belt and what is found in it

Kuiper belt

The Kuiper belt ( / ˈkaɪpər / ) , occasionally called the Edgeworth -- Kuiper belt , is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System , extending from the orbit of Neptune ( at 30 AU ) to approximately 50 AU from the Sun . It is similar to the asteroid belt , but is far larger -- 20 times as wide and 20 to 200 times as massive . Like the asteroid belt , it consists mainly of small bodies or remnants from when the Solar System formed . While many asteroids are composed primarily of rock and metal , most Kuiper belt objects are composed largely of frozen volatiles ( termed `` ices '' ) , such as methane , ammonia and water . The Kuiper belt is home to three officially recognized dwarf planets : Pluto , Haumea and Makemake . Some of the Solar System 's moons , such as Neptune 's Triton and Saturn 's Phoebe , may have originated in the region .

Answer: The Kuiper belt is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System extending from the orbit of Neptune (at 30 AU) to approximately 50 AU from the Sun.  It consists mainly of small bodies or remnants from when the Solar System formed.  Most Kuiper belt objects are composed largely of frozen volatiles (termed ``ices''), such as methane, ammonia and water.

The Kuiper belt ( / ˈkaɪpər / ) , occasionally called the Edgeworth -- Kuiper belt , is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System , extending from the orbit of Neptune ( at 30 AU ) to approximately 50 AU from the Sun .

Like the asteroid belt , it consists mainly of small bodies or remnants from when the Solar System formed .

While many asteroids are composed primarily of rock and metal , most Kuiper belt objects are composed largely of frozen volatiles ( termed `` ices '' ) , such as methane , ammonia and water .


Input: what does it mean to be baptized christian

Baptism

The liturgy of baptism for Catholics , Eastern Orthodox , Lutheran , Anglican , and Methodist makes clear reference to baptism as not only a symbolic burial and resurrection , but an actual supernatural transformation , one that draws parallels to the experience of Noah and the passage of the Israelites through the Red Sea divided by Moses . Thus , baptism is literally and symbolically not only cleansing , but also dying and rising again with Christ . Catholics believe that baptism is necessary for the cleansing of the taint of original sin , and for that reason infant baptism is a common practice . The Eastern Churches ( Eastern Orthodox Church and Oriental Orthodoxy ) also baptize infants on the basis of texts , such as Matthew 19 : 14 , which are interpreted as supporting full Church membership for children . In these denominations , baptism is immediately followed by Chrismation and Communion at the next Divine Liturgy , regardless of age . Orthodox likewise believe that baptism removes what they call the ancestral sin of Adam . Anglicans believe that Baptism is also the entry into the Church and therefore allows them access to all rights and responsibilities as full members , including the privilege to receive Holy Communion . Most Methodists and Anglicans agree that it also cleanses the taint of what in the West is called original sin , in the East ancestral sin . Baptism

Answer: The liturgy of baptism for Catholics , Eastern Orthodox , Lutheran , Anglican , and Methodist makes clear reference to baptism as not only a symbolic burial and resurrection , but an actual supernatural transformation , one that draws parallels to the experience of Noah and the passage of the Israelites through the Red Sea divided by Moses . Thus , baptism is literally and symbolically not only cleansing , but also dying and rising again with Christ . Catholics believe that baptism is necessary for the cleansing of the taint of original sin , and for that reason infant baptism is a common practice . Anglicans believe that Baptism is also the entry into the Church and therefore allows them access to all rights and responsibilities as full members , including the privilege to receive Holy Communion . Most Methodists and Anglicans agree that it also cleanses the taint of what in the West is called original sin , in the East ancestral sin .

The liturgy of baptism for Catholics , Eastern Orthodox , Lutheran , Anglican , and Methodist makes clear reference to baptism as not only a symbolic burial and resurrection , but an actual supernatural transformation , one that draws parallels to the experience of Noah and the passage of the Israelites through the Red Sea divided by Moses .

Thus , baptism is literally and symbolically not only cleansing , but also dying and rising again with Christ .

Catholics believe that baptism is necessary for the cleansing of the taint of original sin , and for that reason infant baptism is a common practice .

Anglicans believe that Baptism is also the entry into the Church and therefore allows them access to all rights and responsibilities as full members , including the privilege to receive Holy Communion .

Most Methodists and Anglicans agree that it also cleanses the taint of what in the West is called original sin , in the East ancestral sin .

Answer: Baptism is literally and symbolically not only cleansing, but also dying and rising again with Christ. Catholics believe that baptism is necessary for the cleansing of the taint of original sin. The Eastern Churches baptize infants which is interpreted as supporting full Church membership. Anglicans believe that Baptism is also the entry into the Church and therefore allows them access to all rights and responsibilities as full members, including the privilege to receive Holy Communion. Most Methodists and Anglicans agree that it also cleanses the taint of what in the West is called original sin.

Thus , baptism is literally and symbolically not only cleansing , but also dying and rising again with Christ .

Catholics believe that baptism is necessary for the cleansing of the taint of original sin , and for that reason infant baptism is a common practice .

The Eastern Churches ( Eastern Orthodox Church and Oriental Orthodoxy ) also baptize infants on the basis of texts , such as Matthew 19 : 14 , which are interpreted as supporting full Church membership for children .

Anglicans believe that Baptism is also the entry into the Church and therefore allows them access to all rights and responsibilities as full members , including the privilege to receive Holy Communion .

Most Methodists and Anglicans agree that it also cleanses the taint of what in the West is called original sin , in the East ancestral sin .


Input: where is glycogen stored in the human body

Glycogen

Glycogen functions as one of two forms of long - term energy reserves , with the other form being triglyceride stores in adipose tissue ( i.e. , body fat ) . In humans , glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and skeletal muscle . In the liver , glycogen can make up from 5 -- 6 % of the organ 's fresh weight and the liver of an adult weighing 70 kg can store roughly 100 -- 120 grams of glycogen . In skeletal muscle , glycogen is found in a low concentration ( 1 -- 2 % of the muscle mass ) and the skeletal muscle of an adult weighing 70 kg can store roughly 400 grams of glycogen . The amount of glycogen stored in the body -- particularly within the muscles and liver -- mostly depends on physical training , basal metabolic rate , and eating habits . Small amounts of glycogen are also found in other tissues and cells , including the kidneys , red blood cells , white blood cells , and glial cells in the brain . The uterus also stores glycogen during pregnancy to nourish the embryo .

Answer: In humans , glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and skeletal muscle . Small amounts of glycogen are also found in other tissues and cells , including the kidneys , red blood cells , white blood cells , and glial cells in the brain . The uterus also stores glycogen during pregnancy to nourish the embryo .

In humans , glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and skeletal muscle .

Small amounts of glycogen are also found in other tissues and cells , including the kidneys , red blood cells , white blood cells , and glial cells in the brain .

The uterus also stores glycogen during pregnancy to nourish the embryo .


Input: why does the hawaiian flag have a union jack

Flag of Hawaii

There are various accounts of the earliest history of the flag of Hawaii . One relates how King Kamehameha I flew a British flag , probably a Red Ensign , given to him by British explorer Captain George Vancouver as a token of friendship with King George III . Subsequent visitors reported seeing the flag flying from places of honor , as it was then considered an official Hawaiian flag . As the union jack added diagonal red cross of St Patrick in 1801 , so did the flag of Hawaii . An adviser to Kamehameha noted that the Union Flag could draw Hawaii into international conflict , as his kingdom could be seen as an ally of the United Kingdom , and he subsequently lowered the Union Flag over his home at Kamakahonu . While disputed as historically accurate , one account stated that in order to placate U.S. interests during the War of 1812 , a flag of the U.S. was raised over Kamehameha 's home , only to be removed when British officers in the court of Kamehameha vehemently objected to it . This explains why the resulting flag of Hawaii was a deliberate hybrid of the two nations ' flags .

Answer: King Kamehameha I flew a British flag, probably a Red Ensign, given to him by British explorer Captain George Vancouver as a token of friendship with King George III. While disputed as historically accurate, one account stated that in order to placate U.S. interests during the War of 1812, a flag of the U.S. was raised over Kamehameha's home, only to be removed when British officers in the court of Kamehameha vehemently objected to it. This explains why the resulting flag of Hawaii was a deliberate hybrid of the two nations' flags.

One relates how King Kamehameha I flew a British flag , probably a Red Ensign , given to him by British explorer Captain George Vancouver as a token of friendship with King George III .

While disputed as historically accurate , one account stated that in order to placate U.S. interests during the War of 1812 , a flag of the U.S. was raised over Kamehameha 's home , only to be removed when British officers in the court of Kamehameha vehemently objected to it .

This explains why the resulting flag of Hawaii was a deliberate hybrid of the two nations ' flags .


Input: where did the term public house come from

Pub

The inhabitants of the British Isles have been drinking ale since the Bronze Age , but it was with the arrival of the Roman Empire on its shores in the 1st Century , and the construction of the Roman road networks that the first inns , called tabernae , in which travellers could obtain refreshment , began to appear . After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano - British kingdoms , the Anglo - Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings . The Anglo - Saxon alewife would put a green bush up on a pole to let people know her brew was ready . These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate , gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities . Herein lies the origin of the modern public house , or `` pub '' as it is colloquially called in England . They rapidly spread across the kingdom , becoming so commonplace that in 965 King Edgar decreed that there should be no more than one alehouse per village . Ye

Answer: After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano - British kingdoms , the Anglo - Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings . These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate , gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities . Herein lies the origin of the modern public house , or `` pub '' as it is colloquially called in England .

After the departure of Roman authority in the 5th Century and the fall of the Romano - British kingdoms , the Anglo - Saxons established alehouses that grew out of domestic dwellings .

These alehouses quickly evolved into meeting houses for the folk to socially congregate , gossip and arrange mutual help within their communities .

Herein lies the origin of the modern public house , or `` pub '' as it is colloquially called in England .


Input: how much damage did the attack on pearl harbor do

Attack on Pearl Harbor

The attack commenced at 7 : 48 a.m. Hawaiian Time ( 18 : 18 GMT ) . The base was attacked by 353 Imperial Japanese aircraft ( including fighters , level and dive bombers , and torpedo bombers ) in two waves , launched from six aircraft carriers . All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged , with four sunk . All but the USS Arizona were later raised , and six were returned to service and went on to fight in the war . The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers , three destroyers , an anti-aircraft training ship , and one minelayer . One hundred eighty - eight U.S. aircraft were destroyed ; 2,403 Americans were killed and 1,178 others were wounded . Important base installations such as the power station , dry dock , shipyard , maintenance , and fuel and torpedo storage facilities , as well as the submarine piers and headquarters building ( also home of the intelligence section ) , were not attacked . Japanese losses were light : 29 aircraft and five midget submarines lost , and 64 servicemen killed . One Japanese sailor , Kazuo Sakamaki , was captured .

Answer:
All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged, with four sunk.
The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers, three destroyers, an anti-aircraft training ship, and one minelayer.
One hundred eighty-eight U.S. aircraft were destroyed; 2,403 Americans were killed and 1,178 others were wounded.

All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged , with four sunk .

The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers , three destroyers , an anti-aircraft training ship , and one minelayer .

One hundred eighty - eight U.S. aircraft were destroyed ; 2,403 Americans were killed and 1,178 others were wounded .

Answer: During the attack on Pearl Harbor, the base was attacked by 353 Imperial Japanese aircraft. All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged , with four sunk. The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers , three destroyers , an anti-aircraft training ship , and one minelayer.  One hundred eighty - eight U.S. aircraft were destroyed ; 2,403 Americans were killed and 1,178 others were wounded. On the Japanese side, 29 aircraft and five midget submarines were lost , and 64 servicemen were killed .

All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged , with four sunk .

The Japanese also sank or damaged three cruisers , three destroyers , an anti-aircraft training ship , and one minelayer .

One hundred eighty - eight U.S. aircraft were destroyed ; 2,403 Americans were killed and 1,178 others were wounded .

Japanese losses were light : 29 aircraft and five midget submarines lost , and 64 servicemen killed .


Input: why gupta period is called as golden age

Gupta Empire

The high points of this period are the great cultural developments which took place during the reign of Chandragupta II . All literary sources , such as Mahabharata and Ramayana , were canonised during this period . The Gupta period produced scholars such as Kalidasa , Aryabhata , Varahamihira , Vishnu Sharma and Vatsyayana who made great advancements in many academic fields . Science and political administration reached new heights during the Gupta era . The period gave rise to achievements in architecture , sculpture , and painting that `` set standards of form and taste ( that ) determined the whole subsequent course of art , not only in India but far beyond her borders '' . Strong trade ties also made the region an important cultural center and established the region as a base that would influence nearby kingdoms and regions in Burma , Sri Lanka , and Southeast Asia . The Puranas , earlier long poems on a variety of subjects , are also thought to have been committed to written texts around this period .

Answer: The high points of this period are the great cultural developments which took place during the reign of Chandragupta II . All literary sources , such as Mahabharata and Ramayana , were canonised during this period . Science and political administration reached new heights during the Gupta era . The period gave rise to achievements in architecture , sculpture , and painting that `` set standards of form and taste ( that ) determined the whole subsequent course of art , not only in India but far beyond her borders '' . Strong trade ties also made the region an important cultural center and established the region as a base that would influence nearby kingdoms and regions in Burma , Sri Lanka , and Southeast Asia . The Puranas , earlier long poems on a variety of subjects , are also thought to have been committed to written texts around this period .

The high points of this period are the great cultural developments which took place during the reign of Chandragupta II .

All literary sources , such as Mahabharata and Ramayana , were canonised during this period .

Science and political administration reached new heights during the Gupta era .

The period gave rise to achievements in architecture , sculpture , and painting that `` set standards of form and taste ( that ) determined the whole subsequent course of art , not only in India but far beyond her borders '' .

Strong trade ties also made the region an important cultural center and established the region as a base that would influence nearby kingdoms and regions in Burma , Sri Lanka , and Southeast Asia .

The Puranas , earlier long poems on a variety of subjects , are also thought to have been committed to written texts around this period .

Answer: The high points of this period are the great cultural developments. All literary sources were canonized during this period. Science and political administration reached new heights during the Gupta era. The period gave rise to achievements in architecture, sculpture, and painting that ``set standards of form and taste (that) determined the whole subsequent course of art''. Strong trade ties also made the region an important cultural center. The Puranas, earlier long poems on a variety of subjects, are also thought to have been committed to written texts around this period.

The high points of this period are the great cultural developments which took place during the reign of Chandragupta II .

All literary sources , such as Mahabharata and Ramayana , were canonised during this period .

Science and political administration reached new heights during the Gupta era .

The period gave rise to achievements in architecture , sculpture , and painting that `` set standards of form and taste ( that ) determined the whole subsequent course of art , not only in India but far beyond her borders '' .

Strong trade ties also made the region an important cultural center and established the region as a base that would influence nearby kingdoms and regions in Burma , Sri Lanka , and Southeast Asia .

The Puranas , earlier long poems on a variety of subjects , are also thought to have been committed to written texts around this period .


Input: how many presidents of the united states were catholic

Religious affiliations of Presidents of the United States

The religious affiliations of Presidents of the United States can affect their electability , shape their stances on policy matters and their visions of society and also how they want to lead it . Speculation of Thomas Jefferson , Abraham Lincoln , and William Howard Taft being atheists was reported during election campaigns , while others , such as Jimmy Carter , used faith as a defining aspect of their campaigns and tenure to hold the office . Almost all of the presidents can be characterized as Christian , at least by upbringing , though some were unaffiliated with any specific religious body . Protestants predominate , with Episcopalians and Presbyterians being the most prevalent . There have been four Nontrinitarian presidents , and a single Roman Catholic president ( John F. Kennedy ) . No president thus far has been openly an atheist . However , it has been acknowledged that two US Presidents -- Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Johnson -- had no religious affiliation .

Answer: Almost all of the presidents can be characterized as Christian , at least by upbringing , though some were unaffiliated with any specific religious body . There have been four Nontrinitarian presidents , and a single Roman Catholic president ( John F. Kennedy ) .

Almost all of the presidents can be characterized as Christian , at least by upbringing , though some were unaffiliated with any specific religious body .

There have been four Nontrinitarian presidents , and a single Roman Catholic president ( John F. Kennedy ) .


Input: who sang what in we are the world

We Are the World

`` We Are the World '' is sung from a first person viewpoint , allowing the audience to `` internalize '' the message by singing the word we together . It has been described as `` an appeal to human compassion '' . The first lines in the song 's repetitive chorus proclaim , `` We are the world , we are the children , we are the ones who make a brighter day , so let 's start giving '' . `` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse . Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together . Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus . Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge . This structuring of the song is said to `` create a sense of continuous surprise and emotional buildup '' . `` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram .

Answer: ``We Are the World'' opens with Lionel Richie, Stevie Wonder, Paul Simon, Kenny Rogers, James Ingram, Tina Turner and Billy Joel singing the first verse. Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow, completing the first chorus together. Dionne Warwick, Willie Nelson, and Al Jarreau sing the second verse, before Bruce Springsteen, Kenny Loggins, Steve Perry and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus. Co-writer Jackson, Huey Lewis, Cyndi Lauper, and Kim Carnes follow with the song's bridge. ``We Are the World'' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus, Wonder and Springsteen duetting, and ad libs from Charles and Ingram.

`` We Are the World '' opens with Lionel Richie , Stevie Wonder , Paul Simon , Kenny Rogers , James Ingram , Tina Turner , and Billy Joel singing the first verse .

Michael Jackson and Diana Ross follow , completing the first chorus together .

Dionne Warwick , Willie Nelson , and Al Jarreau sing the second verse , before Bruce Springsteen , Kenny Loggins , Steve Perry , and Daryl Hall go through the second chorus .

Co-writer Jackson , Huey Lewis , Cyndi Lauper , and Kim Carnes follow with the song 's bridge .

`` We Are the World '' concludes with Bob Dylan and Ray Charles singing a full chorus , Wonder and Springsteen duetting , and ad libs from Charles and Ingram .


Input: what's the speed limit in the usa

Speed limits in the United States

The highest speed limits are generally 70 mph ( 113 km / h ) on the West Coast and the inland eastern states , 75 -- 80 mph ( 121 -- 129 km / h ) in inland western states , along with Arkansas and Louisiana , and 65 -- 70 mph ( 105 -- 113 km / h ) on the Eastern Seaboard . Alaska , Connecticut , Delaware , Massachusetts , New Jersey , New York , Puerto Rico , Rhode Island , and Vermont have a maximum limit of 65 mph ( 105 km / h ) , and Hawaii has a maximum limit of 60 mph ( 97 km / h ) . Washington , D.C. and the U.S. Virgin Islands have a maximum speed limit of 55 mph ( 89 km / h ) , and Guam and American Samoa have speed limits of 45 mph ( 72 km / h ) . Two territories in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands have their own speed limits : 40 mph ( 64 km / h ) in Wake Island , and 15 mph ( 24 km / h ) in Midway Atoll . Unusual for any state east of the Mississippi River , much of I - 95 in Maine north of Bangor allows up to 75 mph ( 121 km / h ) , and the same is true for up to 600 miles of freeways in Michigan . Portions of the Idaho , Montana , Nevada , South Dakota , Texas , Utah , and Wyoming road networks have 80 mph ( 129 km / h ) posted limits . The highest posted speed limit in the entire country can be found on the Texas State Highway 130 , and it is 85 mph ( 137 km / h ) .

Answer: The highest posted speed limit in the entire country can be found on the Texas State Highway 130, and it is 85 mph. Unusual  speed limits are 40 mph in Wake Island, and 15 mph in Midway Atoll .

Minor Outlying Islands have their own speed limits : 40 mph ( 64 km / h ) in Wake Island , and 15 mph ( 24 km / h ) in Midway Atoll .

Unusual for any state east of the Mississippi River , much of I - 95 in Maine north of Bangor allows up to 75 mph ( 121 km / h ) , and the same is true for up to 600 miles of freeways in Michigan .

The highest posted speed limit in the entire country can be found on the Texas State Highway 130 , and it is 85 mph ( 137 km / h ) .

Answer: The highest speed limits are generally 70 mph on the West Coast and the inland eastern states, 75 -- 80 mph in inland western states, along with Arkansas and Louisiana, and 65 -- 70 mph on the Eastern Seaboard, with particular variations to particular region such as 85 mph, the highest posted speed limit in the entire country found on the Texas State Highway 130, 40 mph in Wake Island, and 15 mph in Midway Atoll.

The highest speed limits are generally 70 mph ( 113 km / h ) on the West Coast and the inland eastern states , 75 -- 80 mph ( 121 -- 129 km / h ) in inland western states , along with Arkansas and Louisiana , and 65 -- 70 mph ( 105 -- 113 km / h ) on the Eastern Seaboard .

Minor Outlying Islands have their own speed limits : 40 mph ( 64 km / h ) in Wake Island , and 15 mph ( 24 km / h ) in Midway Atoll .

The highest posted speed limit in the entire country can be found on the Texas State Highway 130 , and it is 85 mph ( 137 km / h ) .


Input: what happened to ellie walker on the andy griffith show

"Elinor ""Ellie"" Walker"

After twelve appearances in the first season , Ellie disappeared with no explanation offered the audience . It has long been rumored , however , that Ellie abandoned her Uncle 's pharmacy and Andy Taylor to run away with Jim Lindsey and become a groupie of Bobby Fleet and his Band with a Beat . The last appearance of Ellie Walker strangely coincided with the episode where Jim Lindsey returned to Mayberry after becoming a famous guitarist with Bobby Fleet 's band . At the end of `` The Guitar Player Returns '' ( 15 May 1961 ) , Jim Lindsey reunites with Bobby Fleet to tour with his band , and neither Ellie , nor Jim , is ever seen again . Of course , the good people of Mayberry would never speak about such a scandal , and thus no explanation could be offered for Ellie 's sudden departure . Over the years Donahue offered multiple explanations for her departure from the show . In one she believed that she and Griffith lacked the chemistry to make their on - screen romantic relationship credible and she decided to leave . Griffith later admitted that it was his own fault because he had a hard time showing affection on - screen , and as a result , the relationship did n't appear real or believable . However , Griffith 's character showed no such problems with the arrival of the Helen Crump character in the 1964 season . A more credible story that Donahue relayed was that she was undergoing personal problems during her year on the show and simply lacked confidence in the quality of her performance . She asked the producers to release her from her contract , which they did . Donahue also admitted that she was a little hurt that they agreed so readily .

Answer: After twelve appearances in the first season, Ellie disappeared with no explanation offered the audience. Over the years Donahue offered multiple explanations for her departure from the show.  A more credible story that Donahue relayed was that she was undergoing personal problems during her year on the show and simply lacked confidence in the quality of her performance. She asked the producers to release her from her contract, which they did.

After twelve appearances in the first season , Ellie disappeared with no explanation offered the audience .

Over the years Donahue offered multiple explanations for her departure from the show .

A more credible story that Donahue relayed was that she was undergoing personal problems during her year on the show and simply lacked confidence in the quality of her performance .

She asked the producers to release her from her contract , which they did .


Input: what saturday night live actor was killed by his wife

Phil Hartman

Hartman had been divorced twice before he married Brynn Omdahl in 1987 ; the couple had two children together . However , their marriage was fractured , due in part to her drug use . On May 28 , 1998 , Brynn Hartman shot and killed Hartman while he slept in their Encino , Los Angeles home , then killed herself several hours later . In the weeks following his death , Hartman was celebrated in a wave of tributes . Dan Snierson of Entertainment Weekly opined that Hartman was `` the last person you 'd expect to read about in lurid headlines in your morning paper ( ... ) a decidedly regular guy , beloved by everyone he worked with . '' Hartman was posthumously inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2012 and the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2014 .

Answer: Phil Hartman had been divorced twice before he married Brynn Omdahl in 1987.  On May 28 , 1998 , Brynn Hartman shot and killed Hartman while he slept in their Encino , Los Angeles home , then killed herself several hours later .

Hartman had been divorced twice before he married Brynn Omdahl in 1987 ; the couple had two children together .

On May 28 , 1998 , Brynn Hartman shot and killed Hartman while he slept in their Encino , Los Angeles home , then killed herself several hours later .


Input: why is natural selection considered to be the mechanism for evolution

Natural selection

Natural selection is a cornerstone of modern biology . The concept , published by Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in a joint presentation of papers in 1858 , was elaborated in Darwin 's influential 1859 book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection , or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life . He described natural selection as analogous to artificial selection , a process by which animals and plants with traits considered desirable by human breeders are systematically favoured for reproduction . The concept of natural selection originally developed in the absence of a valid theory of heredity ; at the time of Darwin 's writing , science had yet to develop modern theories of genetics . The union of traditional Darwinian evolution with subsequent discoveries in classical genetics formed the modern synthesis of the mid-20th century . The addition of molecular genetics has led to evolutionary developmental biology , which explains evolution at the molecular level . While genotypes can slowly change by random genetic drift , natural selection remains the primary explanation for adaptive evolution .

Answer: Darwin described natural selection as analogous to artificial selection, a process by which animals and plants with traits considered desirable by human breeders are systematically favoured for reproduction.  While genotypes can slowly change by random genetic drift, natural selection remains the primary explanation for adaptive evolution.

The concept , published by Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in a joint presentation of papers in 1858 , was elaborated in Darwin 's influential 1859 book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection , or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life .

He described natural selection as analogous to artificial selection , a process by which animals and plants with traits considered desirable by human breeders are systematically favoured for reproduction .

While genotypes can slowly change by random genetic drift , natural selection remains the primary explanation for adaptive evolution .


Input: how big was britain's army in ww1

British Army during World War I

During World War I , there were three distinct British Armies . The `` first '' army was the small volunteer force of 400,000 soldiers , over half of which were posted overseas to garrison the British Empire . This total included the Regular Army and reservists in the Territorial Force ( TF ) . Together , they formed the British Expeditionary Force ( BEF ) , which was formed for service in France and became known as the Old Contemptibles . The ' second ' army was Kitchener 's Army , formed from the volunteers in 1914 -- 1915 destined to go into action at the Battle of the Somme . The ' third ' was formed after the introduction of conscription in January 1916 , and by the end of 1918 , the British Army had reached its maximum strength of 3,820,000 men and could field over 70 divisions . The vast majority of the British Army fought in the main theatre of war on the Western Front in France and Belgium against the German Empire . Some units were engaged in Italy and Salonika against Austria - Hungary and the Bulgarian Army , while other units fought in the Middle East , Africa and Mesopotamia -- mainly against the Ottoman Empire -- and one battalion fought alongside the Japanese Army in China during the Siege of Tsingtao .

Answer: During World War I, there were three distinct British Armies. The ``first'' army was the small volunteer force of 400,000 soldiers. The 'second' army was Kitchener's Army, formed from the volunteers. The 'third' was formed after the introduction of conscription in January 1916, and by the end of 1918, the British Army had reached its maximum strength of 3,820,000 men and could field over 70 divisions.

During World War I , there were three distinct British Armies .

The `` first '' army was the small volunteer force of 400,000 soldiers , over half of which were posted overseas to garrison the British Empire .

The ' second ' army was Kitchener 's Army , formed from the volunteers in 1914 -- 1915 destined to go into action at the Battle of the Somme .

The ' third ' was formed after the introduction of conscription in January 1916 , and by the end of 1918 , the British Army had reached its maximum strength of 3,820,000 men and could field over 70 divisions .


Input: who is the president of north korea and how old is he

Kim Jong-un

Kim Jong - un ( Chosŏn'gŭl : 김정은 ; Korean pronunciation : ( kim. dzʌŋ. ɯn ) or ( kim. tsʌŋ. ɯn ) ; born 8 January 1982 -- 84 or 5 July 1984 ) is the Chairman of the Workers ' Party of Korea ( WPK ) and supreme leader of North Korea since 2011 . Kim is the second child of Kim Jong - il ( 1941 -- 2011 ) and Ko Yong - hui . He is the first North Korean leader to have been born after the country 's founding . Before taking power , Kim was rarely seen in public , and many of the activities of Kim and his government remain unknown . Even details such as what year he was born , and whether he did indeed attend a Western school under a pseudonym , are difficult to confirm .

Answer: Kim Jong - un (born 8 January 1982 -- 84 or 5 July 1984 ) is the Chairman of the Workers ' Party of Korea ( WPK ) and supreme leader of North Korea since 2011 .

Kim Jong - un ( Chosŏn'gŭl : 김정은 ; Korean pronunciation : ( kim.

ɯn ) ; born 8 January 1982 -- 84 or 5 July 1984 ) is the Chairman of the Workers ' Party of Korea ( WPK ) and supreme leader of North Korea since 2011 .


Input: what color is the charger in dirty mary crazy larry

Dirty Mary, Crazy Larry

There is the assumption that film developers thought the Dodge Charger was actually bright yellow and so `` corrected '' the film negatives to eliminate the greenish tint on the car . In fact , the entire movie in theaters , TV and on VHS was originally very warm toned . The color was more correct in the 2005 DVD release ( and later Blu - ray releases ) and the Dodge Charger became the correct limegreen color ( Sometimes falsely considered to be the 1971 Chrysler color `` GY3 Curious Yellow / Citron Yella '' - a color that is actually a very bright yellow in natural sunlight - and not greenish . ) . A newer image of apparently one of the actual ( unrestored ) movie cars spotted in a backyard confirms the color to be limegreen and not yellow or `` curious yellow '' . Given the custom look of the car , with custom wheels and tires , custom stripe , vinyl roof moldings but no vinyl roof , one can assume the limegreen color is custom as well and may not be a factory Chrysler / Dodge color - although , the car 's color looks close to the Dodge color `` Sublime '' ( code FJ5 ) .

Answer: There is the assumption that film developers thought the Dodge Charger was actually bright yellow and so ``corrected'' the film negatives to eliminate the greenish tint on the car.  The color was more correct in the 2005 DVD release and the Dodge Charger became the correct lime green color. A newer image of apparently one of the actual (unrestored) movie cars spotted in a backyard confirms the color to be lime green and not yellow or ``curious yellow'' .

There is the assumption that film developers thought the Dodge Charger was actually bright yellow and so `` corrected '' the film negatives to eliminate the greenish tint on the car .

The color was more correct in the 2005 DVD release ( and later Blu - ray releases ) and the Dodge Charger became the correct limegreen color ( Sometimes falsely considered to be the 1971 Chrysler color `` GY3 Curious Yellow / Citron Yella '' - a color that is actually a very bright yellow in natural sunlight - and not greenish . ) .

A newer image of apparently one of the actual ( unrestored ) movie cars spotted in a backyard confirms the color to be limegreen and not yellow or `` curious yellow '' .


Input: what type of soil do christmas trees grow in

Christmas tree cultivation

Like all crops and plants , Christmas trees require a specific set of nutrients to thrive . There are 16 elements crucial for growth ; of those , three are obtained through air and water : hydrogen , carbon , and oxygen . Nitrogen , phosphorus , potassium , calcium , magnesium , sulfur , boron , copper , chlorine , manganese , molybdenum , iron , and zinc are obtained from the soil . If the necessary elements are not available in the local soil , nutritious fertilizers are used . Other important soil considerations include pH and drainage . Certain types of soil are preferable , depending on the type of tree . Pine trees are usually better adapted to a sandy or sandy loam soil , while white spruce trees and fir trees , such as the Douglas - fir , prefer fine - texture loams and clay loam soils . Some trees grow well in all types of soil , but in any case , the land must be well - drained for a Christmas tree farm to have a chance of thriving .

Answer: Pine trees are usually better adapted to a sandy or sandy loam soil, while white spruce trees and fir trees, such as the Douglas fir, prefer fine texture loams and clay loam soils. The land must be well drained for a Christmas tree farm to have a chance of thriving. If the necessary elements are not available in the local soil, nutritious fertilizers are used.

If the necessary elements are not available in the local soil , nutritious fertilizers are used .

Pine trees are usually better adapted to a sandy or sandy loam soil , while white spruce trees and fir trees , such as the Douglas - fir , prefer fine - texture loams and clay loam soils .

Some trees grow well in all types of soil , but in any case , the land must be well - drained for a Christmas tree farm to have a chance of thriving .


Input: what happened to the lead singer of three days grace

Three Days Grace

On January 9 , 2013 , Three Days Grace announced that Gontier had left the band . The band described Gontier 's departure as being abrupt and unexplained . The departure came just weeks before a co-headlining tour . Gontier explained that he was simply ready to start a new chapter in his life , stating , `` After twenty years of being part of an ever evolving band , I have been inspired by life , to move on and to continue to evolve on my own terms . '' Brad Walst 's brother , Matt ( of My Darkest Days ) , became the band 's new lead singer .

Answer: On January 9, 2013, Three Days Grace announced that Gontier, a lead singer, had left the band abruptly.  Gontier explained that he was simply ready to start a new chapter in his life, stating, `` After twenty years of being part of an ever evolving band, I have been inspired by life, to move on and to continue to evolve on my own terms.''

On January 9 , 2013 , Three Days Grace announced that Gontier had left the band .

The band described Gontier 's departure as being abrupt and unexplained .

Gontier explained that he was simply ready to start a new chapter in his life , stating , `` After twenty years of being part of an ever evolving band , I have been inspired by life , to move on and to continue to evolve on my own terms . ''


Input: why did the girl on desperate housewives kill herself

Mary Alice Young

Felicia Tilman ( Harriet Sansom Harris ) , Martha 's sister , soon arrives on Wisteria Lane to find out what happened to her sister . While inside Paul and Mary Alice 's house , she recognizes a picture of Mary Alice and claims her to be Angela , a nurse she worked with years prior in Utah , but Paul is adamant that she is mistaken . Felicia , however , knows that Mary Alice was in fact Angela and later tells Zach that she knew him when he was a baby , and that his original name was so lovely : Dana . In the first - season finale , the mystery behind Mary Alice 's suicide is revealed in full . In March 1990 , Todd and Angela Forrest could not conceive and one night a woman named Deirdre Taylor ( Jolie Jenkins ) , a heroin addict whom Angela had treated at the rehabilitation hospital where she worked as a nurse , came to their house looking for money and offered to sell her son to them , to which they eventually agreed . When Deirdre returned to the hospital as a patient soon after and suspicion arose as to where her child was , Angela knew they had to leave town . They moved to Fairview and bought a house on Wisteria Lane , changing their names to Paul , Mary Alice and Zach Young . In 1993 , however , Deirdre came to their home , seemingly sober , demanding that she reclaim her son . After a verbal fight , Deirdre went to take her child , when Mary Alice stabbed and killed her . Zach woke up and saw the body , which led to years of his parents brushing off his memories of that night as nothing . Paul and Mary Alice dismembered Deirdre 's body , put it in a toy chest and buried it under their pool . Years later , Martha recognized Mary Alice in a group photo in Felicia 's house , leading to Felicia to tell Martha about how Angela and Todd possibly disappeared with Deirdre 's child and hopefully gave Dana a proper home . Martha then blackmailed Mary Alice and she , in desperation , committed suicide .

Answer: Todd and Angela Forrest could not conceive and one night a woman named Deirdre Taylor came to their house looking for money and offered to sell her son Dana to them.  They moved to Fairview, changing their names to Paul, Mary Alice and Zach Young.  Deirdre came to their home demanding that she reclaim her son.  After a verbal fight, Deirdre went to take her child, when Mary Alice stabbed and killed her.  Zach woke up and saw the body, which was buried under their pool.   Years later, Martha recognized Mary Alice and then blackmailed her and she, in desperation, committed suicide.

In March 1990 , Todd and Angela Forrest could not conceive and one night a woman named Deirdre Taylor ( Jolie Jenkins ) , a heroin addict whom Angela had treated at the rehabilitation hospital where she worked as a nurse , came to their house looking for money and offered to sell her son to them , to which they eventually agreed .

They moved to Fairview and bought a house on Wisteria Lane , changing their names to Paul , Mary Alice and Zach Young .

In 1993 , however , Deirdre came to their home , seemingly sober , demanding that she reclaim her son .

After a verbal fight , Deirdre went to take her child , when Mary Alice stabbed and killed her .

Zach woke up and saw the body , which led to years of his parents brushing off his memories of that night as nothing .

Paul and Mary Alice dismembered Deirdre 's body , put it in a toy chest and buried it under their pool .

Years later , Martha recognized Mary Alice in a group photo in Felicia 's house , leading to Felicia to tell Martha about how Angela and Todd possibly disappeared with Deirdre 's child and hopefully gave Dana a proper home .

Martha then blackmailed Mary Alice and she , in desperation , committed suicide .


Input: what does the amount of amniotic fluid mean

Amniotic fluid

Too little amniotic fluid ( oligohydramnios ) can be a cause or an indicator of problems for the mother and baby . The majority of pregnancies proceed normally and the baby is born healthy , but this is n't always the case . Babies with too little amniotic fluid can develop contractures of the limbs , clubbing of the feet and hands , and also develop a life - threatening condition called hypoplastic lungs . If a baby is born with hypoplastic lungs , which are small underdeveloped lungs , this condition is potentially fatal and the baby can die shortly after birth due to inadequate oxygenation . Potter sequence refers to a constellation of findings related to insufficient amniotic fluid and includes shortened and malformed limbs with clubbed feet and the underdeveloped lungs that can lead to perinatal death .

Answer: Too little amniotic fluid ( oligohydramnios ) can be a cause or an indicator of problems for the mother and baby . Babies with too little amniotic fluid can develop contractures of the limbs , clubbing of the feet and hands , and also develop a life - threatening condition called hypoplastic lungs .

Too little amniotic fluid ( oligohydramnios ) can be a cause or an indicator of problems for the mother and baby .

Babies with too little amniotic fluid can develop contractures of the limbs , clubbing of the feet and hands , and also develop a life - threatening condition called hypoplastic lungs .

Answer: Too little amniotic fluid can be an indicator of problems for the mother and baby.

Too little amniotic fluid ( oligohydramnios ) can be a cause or an indicator of problems for the mother and baby .


Input: who is said to have made the us flag

Betsy Ross flag

The question `` Who made the first American flag ? '' can only be given speculative answers . There are at least 17 flag makers and upholsterers who worked in Philadelphia during the time the flag was made . Margaret Manny is thought to have made the first Continental Colors ( or Grand Union Flag ) , but there is no evidence to prove she also made the Stars and Stripes . Other flag makers of that period include Rebecca Young , Anne King , Cornelia Bridges , and flag painter William Barrett . Hugh Stewart sold a `` flag of the United Colonies '' to the Committee of Safety , and William Alliborne was one of the first to manufacture United States ensigns . Any flag maker in Philadelphia could have sewn the first American flag . According to Canby , there were other variations of the flag being made at the same time Ross was sewing the design that would carry her name . If true , there may not be one `` first '' flag , but many .

Answer: The question can only be given speculative answers.  Any flag maker in Philadelphia could have sewn the first American flag.

The question `` Who made the first American flag ? '' can only be given speculative answers .

Any flag maker in Philadelphia could have sewn the first American flag .


Input: explain how small changes in developmental genes can lead to major changes in body plan

Evolutionary developmental biology

A small fraction of the genes in an organism 's genome control the organism 's development . These genes are called the developmental - genetic toolkit . They are highly conserved among phyla , meaning that they are ancient and very similar in widely separated groups of animals . Differences in deployment of toolkit genes affect the body plan and the number , identity , and pattern of body parts . Most toolkit genes are parts of signalling pathways : they encode transcription factors , cell adhesion proteins , cell surface receptor proteins and signalling ligands that bind to them , and secreted morphogens that diffuse through the embryo . All of these help to define the fate of undifferentiated cells in the embryo . Together , they generate the patterns in time and space which shape the embryo , and ultimately form the body plan of the organism . Among the most important toolkit genes are the Hox genes . These transcription factors contain the homeobox protein - binding DNA motif , also found in other toolkit genes , and create the basic pattern of the body along its front - to - back axis . Hox genes determine where repeating parts , such as the many vertebrae of snakes , will grow in a developing embryo or larva . Pax - 6 , already mentioned , is a classic toolkit gene . Homeobox genes are also found in plants , implying they are common to all eukaryotes .

Answer: A small fraction of the genes in an organism's genome control the organism's development.  These genes are called the developmental - genetic toolkit.  Differences in deployment of toolkit genes affect the body plan and the number, identity, and pattern of body parts.  Together, they generate the patterns in time and space which shape the embryo, and ultimately form the body plan of the organism.

A small fraction of the genes in an organism 's genome control the organism 's development .

These genes are called the developmental - genetic toolkit .

Differences in deployment of toolkit genes affect the body plan and the number , identity , and pattern of body parts .

Together , they generate the patterns in time and space which shape the embryo , and ultimately form the body plan of the organism .


Input: what is at the center of the observable universe

Observable universe

The observable universe is a spherical region of the Universe comprising all matter that can be observed from Earth at the present time , because electromagnetic radiation from these objects has had time to reach Earth since the beginning of the cosmological expansion . There are at least 2 trillion galaxies in the observable universe . Assuming the Universe is isotropic , the distance to the edge of the observable universe is roughly the same in every direction . That is , the observable universe has a spherical volume ( a ball ) centered on the observer . Every location in the Universe has its own observable universe , which may or may not overlap with the one centered on Earth .

Answer: The observable universe is a spherical region of the Universe comprising all matter that can be observed from Earth at the present time.  That is, the observable universe has a spherical volume (a ball) centered on the observer.

The observable universe is a spherical region of the Universe comprising all matter that can be observed from Earth at the present time , because electromagnetic radiation from these objects has had time to reach Earth since the beginning of the cosmological expansion .

That is , the observable universe has a spherical volume ( a ball ) centered on the observer .

Answer: The observable universe has a ball centered on the observer.

That is , the observable universe has a spherical volume ( a ball ) centered on the observer .


Input: why is harry potter and the philosopher's stone

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone

The book , which was Rowling 's debut novel , was written between approximately June 1990 and some time in 1995 . In 1990 Jo Rowling , as she preferred to be known , wanted to move with her boyfriend to a flat in Manchester and in her words , `` One weekend after flat hunting , I took the train back to London on my own and the idea for Harry Potter fell into my head ... A scrawny , little , black - haired , bespectacled boy became more and more of a wizard to me ... I began to write Philosopher 's Stone that very evening . Although , the first couple of pages look nothing like the finished product . '' Then Rowling 's mother died and , to cope with her pain , Rowling transferred her own anguish to the orphan Harry . Rowling spent six years working on Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone , and after it was accepted by Bloomsbury , she obtained a grant of £ 8,000 from the Scottish Arts Council , which enabled her to plan the sequels . She sent the book to an agent and a publisher , and then the second agent she approached spent a year trying to sell the book to publishers , most of whom thought it was too long at about 90,000 words . Barry Cunningham , who was building a portfolio of distinctive fantasies by new authors for Bloomsbury Children 's Books , recommended accepting the book , and the eight - year - old daughter of Bloomsbury 's chief executive said it was `` so much better than anything else '' .

Answer: In 1990 Jo Rowling wanted to move and, in her words, `` One weekend after flat hunting, I took the train back to London on my own and the idea for Harry Potter fell into my head ...  A scrawny, little, black - haired, bespectacled boy became more and more of a wizard to me ... I began to write Philosopher's Stone that very evening."  Then Rowling's mother died and, to cope with her pain, Rowling transferred her own anguish to the orphan Harry.

In 1990 Jo Rowling , as she preferred to be known , wanted to move with her boyfriend to a flat in Manchester and in her words , `` One weekend after flat hunting , I took the train back to London on my own and the idea for Harry Potter fell into my head ...

A scrawny , little , black - haired , bespectacled boy became more and more of a wizard to me ...

I began to write Philosopher 's Stone that very evening .

Then Rowling 's mother died and , to cope with her pain , Rowling transferred her own anguish to the orphan Harry .

Answer: Jo Rowling wanted to move with her boyfriend to a flat in Manchester. One weekend after flat hunting , she took the train back to London and the idea for Harry Potter fell into her head. A scrawny , little , black - haired , bespectacled boy became more and more of a wizard to her. She began to write Philosopher 's Stone that very evening. Then Rowling 's mother died and , to cope with her pain , Rowling transferred her own anguish to the orphan Harry .

In 1990 Jo Rowling , as she preferred to be known , wanted to move with her boyfriend to a flat in Manchester and in her words , `` One weekend after flat hunting , I took the train back to London on my own and the idea for Harry Potter fell into my head ...

A scrawny , little , black - haired , bespectacled boy became more and more of a wizard to me ...

I began to write Philosopher 's Stone that very evening .

Then Rowling 's mother died and , to cope with her pain , Rowling transferred her own anguish to the orphan Harry .


Input: story behind the song joy to the world

Joy to the World

The words of the hymn are by English writer Isaac Watts , based on Psalm 98 , 96 : 11 - 12 and Genesis 3 : 17 - 18 , in the Bible . The song was first published in 1719 in Watts ' collection ; The Psalms of David : Imitated in the language of the New Testament , and applied to the Christian state and worship . The paraphrase is Watts ' Christological interpretation . Consequently , he does not emphasize with equal weight the various themes of Psalm 98 . In stanzas 1 and 2 Watts writes of heaven and earth rejoicing at the coming of the King . An interlude that depends more on Watts ' interpretation than the psalm text , stanza 3 speaks of Christ 's blessings extending victoriously over the realm of sin . The cheerful repetition of the non-psalm phrase `` far as the curse is found '' has caused this stanza to be omitted from some hymnals . But the line makes joyful sense when understood from the New Testament eyes through which Watts interprets the psalm . Stanza 4 celebrates Christ 's rule over the nations. `` . The nations are called to celebrate because God 's faithfulness to the house of Israel has brought salvation to the world .

Answer: The song applied to the Christian state and worship .In stanzas 1 and 2 Watts writes of heaven and earth rejoicing at the coming of the King .The nations are called to celebrate because God 's faithfulness to the house of Israel has brought salvation to the world .

The song was first published in 1719 in Watts ' collection ; The Psalms of David : Imitated in the language of the New Testament , and applied to the Christian state and worship .

The paraphrase is Watts ' Christological interpretation .

In stanzas 1 and 2 Watts writes of heaven and earth rejoicing at the coming of the King .

The nations are called to celebrate because God 's faithfulness to the house of Israel has brought salvation to the world .

Answer: The words of the hymn are by English writer Isaac Watts, based on Psalm 98. The song was first published in 1719 in Watts' collection. The paraphrase is Watts' Christological interpretation. The nations are called to celebrate because God's faithfulness to the house of Israel has brought salvation to the world.

The words of the hymn are by English writer Isaac Watts , based on Psalm 98 , 96 : 11 - 12 and Genesis 3 : 17 - 18 , in the Bible .

The song was first published in 1719 in Watts ' collection ; The Psalms of David : Imitated in the language of the New Testament , and applied to the Christian state and worship .

The paraphrase is Watts ' Christological interpretation .

The nations are called to celebrate because God 's faithfulness to the house of Israel has brought salvation to the world .


Input: what happened to morgan on criminal minds when he was young

Derek Morgan (Criminal Minds)

Years later , Morgan 's past would come back to haunt him when he was arrested by the Chicago Police Department for the murder of the unidentified boy and two others . The lead detective , who had arrested Morgan several times for juvenile misdemeanors when the latter was young , believed Morgan was guilty and used a BAU profile done by Jason Gideon ( Mandy Patinkin ) to support his case . Believing he was being framed by the real killer , the BAU searched through Morgan 's life and background to prove him innocent , which discomfited Garcia as Morgan had been generally reticent about the details of his past . They later identified Carl Buford as the man who set Morgan up to take the fall ( Buford was friends with the lead detective ) . When Hotch asked about Buford , Morgan told him to back off . He then escaped police custody and spoke to a local boy who was friends with the latest victim . The boy revealed he was currently being molested by Buford and that the latest victim knew about it . Morgan confronted Buford , who at first denied anything happened between them , and told Morgan the other boy was lying . Refusing to back down ( and wishing that he had told someone about Buford when he was a kid ) , Morgan eventually got Buford to admit to the abuse . Buford 's admission was overheard by Chicago PD detectives who were lying in wait nearby , and they arrested Buford . Buford pleaded with Morgan to help him , to which Morgan replies , `` You go to Hell , '' leaving the child molester to his fate .

Answer: Morgan was arrested by the Chicago Police Department for the murder of the unidentified boy and two others. Carl Buford was identified as the man who set Morgan up to take the fall. Morgan confronted Buford, who at first denied anything happened between them. Morgan eventually got Buford to admit to the abuse.

Years later , Morgan 's past would come back to haunt him when he was arrested by the Chicago Police Department for the murder of the unidentified boy and two others .

They later identified Carl Buford as the man who set Morgan up to take the fall ( Buford was friends with the lead detective ) .

Morgan confronted Buford , who at first denied anything happened between them , and told Morgan the other boy was lying .

Refusing to back down ( and wishing that he had told someone about Buford when he was a kid ) , Morgan eventually got Buford to admit to the abuse .


Input: who did the surfing in the movie soul surfer

Soul Surfer (film)

McNamara , Brookwell , Hofstetter and Douglas Schwartz spent several years raising money for production . The director wrote an adapted screenplay with Michael Berk , Douglas Schwartz and Deborah Schwartz . Additional uncredited writing was performed by Ron Bass , Jen Smolka and Kara Holden . Before the film entered production , Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions acquired distribution rights for North America and most other territories . The production companies Mandalay Vision , Brookwell McNamara Entertainment and Life 's a Beach Entertainment collaborated for the production , with Enticing Entertainment and Island Film Group providing financing . Bethany Hamilton chose with her mother AnnaSophia Robb to portray her , as well as Sonia Balmores Chung and Jeremy Sumpter to play Malina and Alana 's brother , Byron . In February 2010 , Robb was announced to be part of the film as Bethany Hamilton , along with Dennis Quaid and Helen Hunt who were cast as Bethany 's parents . Singer Carrie Underwood , in her feature film debut , was cast as a church youth leader . All the surfing scenes after the shark attack were done by Hamilton herself . Filming began the same month in Hawaii . Principal photography and second - unit aerial work took place for 40 days ; cinematographer John R. Leonetti shot on 35mm film . During filming , Robb wore a green sleeve on her arm so visual effects could be included later . Though McNamara was editing the film by May 2010 , additional filming took place in August 2010 in Tahiti . During post-production , the VFX company Engine Room worked on 450 arm - removal shots , digitally inserting the upper arm residuum in place of Robb 's green sleeve . The Hamilton family was involved in the choice of music . Ultimately , the film 's production budget was $18 million .

Answer: Bethany Hamilton chose with her mother AnnaSophia Robb to portray her.  All the surfing scenes after the shark attack were done by Hamilton herself.  During filming, Robb wore a green sleeve on her arm and the VFX company Engine Room worked on 450 arm-removal shots during post-production, digitally inserting the upper arm residuum in place of Robb's green sleeve.

Bethany Hamilton chose with her mother AnnaSophia Robb to portray her , as well as Sonia Balmores Chung and Jeremy Sumpter to play Malina and Alana 's brother , Byron .

During filming , Robb wore a green sleeve on her arm so visual effects could be included later .

During post-production , the VFX company Engine Room worked on 450 arm - removal shots , digitally inserting the upper arm residuum in place of Robb 's green sleeve .

Answer: Bethany Hamilton chose with her mother AnnaSophia Robb to portray her. All the surfing scenes after the shark attack were done by Hamilton herself. During filming,

Bethany Hamilton chose with her mother AnnaSophia Robb to portray her , as well as Sonia Balmores Chung and Jeremy Sumpter to play Malina and Alana 's brother , Byron .

All the surfing scenes after the shark attack were done by Hamilton herself .


Input: where do the bad witches live in wizard of oz

Wicked Witch of the West

The Wicked Witch of the West is the malevolent ruler of the Winkie Country . Her castle is described as beautiful instead of being the sinister fortress shown in the movie . In all versions , she is seriously aquaphobic . The Wicked Witch of the West was not related to the Wicked Witch of the East , but leagued together with her , the Wicked Witch of the South and Mombi to conquer the Land of Oz and divide it among themselves , as recounted in L. Frank Baum 's Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz . She shows no interest in the death of the Eastern Witch , and all she cares about is obtaining the Silver Shoes which will increase her power . W.W. Denslow 's illustrations for The Wonderful Wizard of Oz depict her as a paunched old hag with three pigtails and an eye - patch . L. Frank Baum himself specified that she only had one eye , but that it `` was as powerful as a telescope '' , enabling the witch to see what was happening in her kingdom from her castle windows . Other illustrators , such as Paul Granger , placed her eye in the center of her forehead , as a cyclops . Usually , she is shown wearing an eye patch , however some illustrations show her with two eyes .

Answer: The Wicked Witch of the West is the malevolent ruler of the Winkie Country . The Wicked Witch of the West was not related to the Wicked Witch of the East , but leagued together with her , the Wicked Witch of the South and Mombi to conquer the Land of Oz and divide it among themselves , as recounted in L. Frank Baum 's Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz .

The Wicked Witch of the West is the malevolent ruler of the Winkie Country .

The Wicked Witch of the West was not related to the Wicked Witch of the East , but leagued together with her , the Wicked Witch of the South and Mombi to conquer the Land of Oz and divide it among themselves , as recounted in L. Frank Baum 's Dorothy and the Wizard in Oz .


Input: where was the netflix series stranger things filmed

Stranger Things

The filming of the first season began in November 2015 and was extensively done in Atlanta , Georgia , with The Duffer Brothers and Levy handling the direction of individual episodes . Jackson served as the basis of the fictional town of Hawkins , Indiana . Other shooting locations included the Georgia Mental Health Institute as the Hawkins National Laboratory site , Bellwood Quarry , Patrick Henry High School in Stockbridge , Georgia , for the middle and high school scenes , Emory University 's Continuing Education Department , the former city hall in Douglasville , Georgia , Georgia International Horse Park , the probate court in Butts County , Georgia , Old East Point Library and East Point First Baptist Church in East Point , Georgia , Fayetteville , Georgia , Stone Mountain Park , Palmetto , Georgia , and Winston , Georgia . Set work was done at Screen Gem Studios in Atlanta . The series was filmed with a Red Dragon digital camera . Filming for the first season concluded in early 2016 .

Answer: The filming was done in Atlanta , Georgia; the Georgia Mental Health Institute as the Hawkins National Laboratory site , Bellwood Quarry , Patrick Henry High School in Stockbridge , Georgia , for the middle and high school scenes , Emory University 's Continuing Education Department , the former city hall in Douglasville , Georgia , Georgia International Horse Park , the probate court in Butts County , Georgia , Old East Point Library and East Point First Baptist Church in East Point , Georgia , Fayetteville , Georgia , Stone Mountain Park , Palmetto , Georgia , and Winston , Georgia; and at Screen Gem Studios in Atlanta.

The filming of the first season began in November 2015 and was extensively done in Atlanta , Georgia , with The Duffer Brothers and Levy handling the direction of individual episodes .

Other shooting locations included the Georgia Mental Health Institute as the Hawkins National Laboratory site , Bellwood Quarry , Patrick Henry High School in Stockbridge , Georgia , for the middle and high school scenes , Emory University 's Continuing Education Department , the former city hall in Douglasville , Georgia , Georgia International Horse Park , the probate court in Butts County , Georgia , Old East Point Library and East Point First Baptist Church in East Point , Georgia , Fayetteville , Georgia , Stone Mountain Park , Palmetto , Georgia , and Winston , Georgia .

Set work was done at Screen Gem Studios in Atlanta .


Input: what kind of trees are in hyde park london

Hyde Park, London

During the late 20th century , over 9,000 elm trees in Hyde Park were killed by Dutch elm disease . This included many trees along the great avenues planted by Queen Caroline , which were ultimately replaced by limes and maples . The park now holds 4 acres ( 1.6 ha ) of greenhouses which hold the bedding plants for the Royal Parks . A scheme is available to adopt trees in the park , which helps fund their upkeep and maintenance . A botanical curiosity is the weeping beech , which is known as `` the upside - down tree '' . A rose garden , designed by Colvin & Moggridge Landscape Architects , was added in 1994 .

Answer: Many elm trees along the great avenues planted by Queen Caroline were ultimately replaced by limes and maples.   A scheme is available to adopt trees in the park and the weeping beech is a botanical curiosity, known as ``the upside - down tree''.

During the late 20th century , over 9,000 elm trees in Hyde Park were killed by Dutch elm disease .

This included many trees along the great avenues planted by Queen Caroline , which were ultimately replaced by limes and maples .

A scheme is available to adopt trees in the park , which helps fund their upkeep and maintenance .

A botanical curiosity is the weeping beech , which is known as `` the upside - down tree '' .


Input: an exemption from u.s. antitrust law is provided by

United States antitrust law

Second , professional sports leagues enjoy a number of exemptions . Mergers and joint agreements of professional football , hockey , baseball , and basketball leagues are exempt . Major League Baseball was held to be broadly exempt from antitrust law in Federal Baseball Club v. National League . Holmes J held that the baseball league 's organization meant that there was no commerce between the states taking place , even though teams travelled across state lines to put on the games . That travel was merely incidental to a business which took place in each state . It was subsequently held in 1952 in Toolson v. New York Yankees , and then again in 1972 Flood v. Kuhn , that the baseball league 's exemption was an `` aberration '' . However Congress had accepted it , and favored it , so retroactively overruling the exemption was no longer a matter for the courts , but the legislature . In United States v. International Boxing Club of New York , it was held that , unlike baseball , boxing was not exempt , and in Radovich v. National Football League ( NFL ) , professional football is generally subject to antitrust laws . As a result of the AFL - NFL merger , the National Football League was also given exemptions in exchange for certain conditions , such as not directly competing with college or high school football . However , the 2010 Supreme Court ruling in American Needle Inc. v. NFL characterised the NFL as a `` cartel '' of 32 independent businesses subject to antitrust law , not a single entity .

Answer: Professional sports leagues enjoy a number of exemptions.  Major League Baseball was subsequently held in 1952 in Toolson v. New York Yankees, and then again in 1972 Flood v. Kuhn, that the baseball league's exemption was an ``aberration''.   However, Congress had accepted it, and favored it, so retroactively overruling the exemption was no longer a matter for the courts, but the legislature.

Second , professional sports leagues enjoy a number of exemptions .

Major League Baseball was held to be broadly exempt from antitrust law in Federal Baseball Club v. National League .

It was subsequently held in 1952 in Toolson v. New York Yankees , and then again in 1972 Flood v. Kuhn , that the baseball league 's exemption was an `` aberration '' .

However Congress had accepted it , and favored it , so retroactively overruling the exemption was no longer a matter for the courts , but the legislature .

Answer: Professional sports leagues enjoy a number of exemptions. Major League Baseball was subsequently held in 1952 in Toolson v. New York Yankees, and then again in 1972 Flood v. Kuhn, that the baseball league's exemption was an ``aberration''. However, Congress had accepted it, and favored it, so retroactively overruling the exemption was no longer a matter for the courts, but the legislature. In United States v. International Boxing Club of New York, it was held that, unlike baseball, boxing was not exempt, and in Radovich v. National Football League (NFL), professional football is generally subject to antitrust laws.

Second , professional sports leagues enjoy a number of exemptions .

Major League Baseball was held to be broadly exempt from antitrust law in Federal Baseball Club v. National League .

It was subsequently held in 1952 in Toolson v. New York Yankees , and then again in 1972 Flood v. Kuhn , that the baseball league 's exemption was an `` aberration '' .

However Congress had accepted it , and favored it , so retroactively overruling the exemption was no longer a matter for the courts , but the legislature .

In United States v. International Boxing Club of New York , it was held that , unlike baseball , boxing was not exempt , and in Radovich v. National Football League ( NFL ) , professional football is generally subject to antitrust laws .


Input: what does a red dot on someone's forehead mean

Bindi (decoration)

A Bindi ( Hindi : बिंदी , from Sanskrit bindu , meaning `` point , drop , dot or small particle '' ) is a red dot worn on the centre of the forehead , commonly by Hindu and Jain women . The word Bindu dates back to the hymn of creation known as Nasadiya Sukta in the Rigveda . Bindu is considered the point at which creation begins and may become unity . It is also described as `` the sacred symbol of the cosmos in its unmanifested state '' . A Bindi is a bright dot of red colour applied in the centre of the forehead close to the eyebrow worn in the Indian Subcontinent ( particularly amongst Hindus in India , Pakistan , Bangladesh , Nepal , and Sri Lanka ) and Southeast Asia among Bali and Javanese Hindus . Bindi in Hinduism , Buddhism , and Jainism is associated with Ajna Chakra and Bindu is known as the third eye chakra . Bindu is the point or dot around which the mandala is created , representing the universe . The Bindi has a historical and cultural presence in the region of Greater India .

Answer: A Bindi is a red dot worn on the center of the forehead. Bindu is considered the point at which creation begins and may become unity. Bindu is known as the third eye chakra.

A Bindi ( Hindi : बिंदी , from Sanskrit bindu , meaning `` point , drop , dot or small particle '' ) is a red dot worn on the centre of the forehead , commonly by Hindu and Jain women .

Bindu is considered the point at which creation begins and may become unity .

Bindi in Hinduism , Buddhism , and Jainism is associated with Ajna Chakra and Bindu is known as the third eye chakra .


Input: where does the democratic party stand on economy

Democratic Party (United States)

Today , the House Democratic caucus is composed mostly of progressives and centrists , with a smaller minority of conservative Democrats . The party 's philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality , along with the welfare state . It seeks to provide government intervention and regulation in the economy . These interventions , such as the introduction of social programs , support for labor unions , affordable college tuitions , moves toward universal health care and equal opportunity , consumer protection and environmental protection form the core of the party 's economic policy . The party has united with smaller liberal regional parties throughout the country , such as the Farmer -- Labor Party in Minnesota and the Nonpartisan League in North Dakota .

Answer:
The party's philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality, along with the welfare state.
 These interventions, such as the introduction of social programs, support for labor unions, affordable college tuitions, moves toward universal health care and equal opportunity, consumer protection and environmental protection form the core of the party's economic policy.

The party 's philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality , along with the welfare state .

These interventions , such as the introduction of social programs , support for labor unions , affordable college tuitions , moves toward universal health care and equal opportunity , consumer protection and environmental protection form the core of the party 's economic policy .


Input: how do they pick teams for nfl hall of fame game

Pro Football Hall of Fame Game

The two teams that play in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game are typically selected by the league in advance of the remainder of the preseason schedule . The participants are usually announced around the time that the new Hall of Fame members are announced , which coincides with Super Bowl week . Often , if a particularly notable player will be entering the Hall of Fame that year , a team they were strongly associated with may be selected to play in the game to help maximize attendance and publicity of the game itself . From 1971 to 2010 , the opponents for each game usually included one AFC team and one NFC team . In 2009 , as recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Football League , the game paired two AFC teams who were part of the `` original eight '' franchises of the AFL , the Tennessee Titans ( dressed as their previous incarnation , the Houston Oilers ) and the Buffalo Bills , whose owner , Ralph Wilson , was inducted into the Hall that year . An all - NFC matchup was scheduled for 2011 , but it was canceled due to the 2011 NFL lockout ; the following year , another intra-conference matchup of two NFC teams took its place . From 2011 onward , each team selected to play in the game has had at least one prominent alumnus being inducted into the Hall that year .

Answer: The two teams that play in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game are typically selected by the league in advance of the remainder of the preseason schedule. Often, if a particularly notable player will be entering the Hall of Fame that year, a team they were strongly associated with may be selected to play in the game to help maximize attendance and publicity of the game itself. From 2011 onward, each team selected to play in the game has had at least one prominent alumnus being inducted into the Hall that year.

The two teams that play in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game are typically selected by the league in advance of the remainder of the preseason schedule .

Often , if a particularly notable player will be entering the Hall of Fame that year , a team they were strongly associated with may be selected to play in the game to help maximize attendance and publicity of the game itself .

From 2011 onward , each team selected to play in the game has had at least one prominent alumnus being inducted into the Hall that year .


Input: why is eric not in the last season of that 70s show

That '70s Show (season 8)

The eighth and final season of the American comedy television series That ' 70s Show premiered November 2 , 2005 on Fox in the United States . The season ended on May 18 , 2006 with an hour - long series finale . The eighth season was the only season without the show 's star Topher Grace who portrayed Eric Forman , the central character , since he left the series at the end of the previous season . Eric was often mentioned throughout the season , even being an important off - stage character central to an episode 's plot upon occasion . Topher Grace returned as Eric for the final episode , although his role was brief and uncredited .

Answer: The eighth season was the only season without the show's star Topher Grace who portrayed Eric Forman, the central character, since he left the series at the end of the previous season. Topher Grace returned as Eric for the final episode, although his role was brief and uncredited.

The eighth season was the only season without the show 's star Topher Grace who portrayed Eric Forman , the central character , since he left the series at the end of the previous season .

Topher Grace returned as Eric for the final episode , although his role was brief and uncredited .


Input: what is the job of the nasal cavity

Nasal cavity

The two nasal cavities condition the air to be received by the other areas of the respiratory tract . Owing to the large surface area provided by the nasal conchae ( also known as turbinates ) , the air passing through the nasal cavity is warmed or cooled to within 1 degree of body temperature . In addition , the air is humidified , and dust and other particulate matter is removed by vibrissae , short , thick hairs , present in the vestibule . The entire mucosa of the nasal fossae is covered by a blanket of mucus , which lies superficial to the microscopic cilia and also filters inspired air . The cilia of the respiratory epithelium move the secreted mucus and particulate matter posteriorly towards the pharynx where it passes into the esophagus and is digested in the stomach . The nasal cavity also houses the sense of smell and contributes greatly to taste sensation through its posterior communication with the mouth via the choanae .

Answer: The two nasal cavities condition the air to be received by the other areas of the respiratory tract.  Owing to the large surface area provided by the nasal conchae (also known as turbinates), the air passing through the nasal cavity is warmed or cooled to within 1 degree of body temperature.  In addition, the air is humidified, and dust and other particulate matter is removed by vibrissae, short, thick hairs, present in the vestibule.  The nasal cavity also houses the sense of smell and contributes greatly to taste sensation through its posterior communication with the mouth via the choanae.

The two nasal cavities condition the air to be received by the other areas of the respiratory tract .

Owing to the large surface area provided by the nasal conchae ( also known as turbinates ) , the air passing through the nasal cavity is warmed or cooled to within 1 degree of body temperature .

In addition , the air is humidified , and dust and other particulate matter is removed by vibrissae , short , thick hairs , present in the vestibule .

The nasal cavity also houses the sense of smell and contributes greatly to taste sensation through its posterior communication with the mouth via the choanae .


Input: how did the war of 1812 change america

Results of the War of 1812

Results of the War of 1812 between Great Britain and the United States , 1812 - 1815 , involved with no geographical changes . The main result of the war was two centuries of peace between the United States and Britain . All the causes of the war had disappeared with the end of the war between Britain and France and with the destruction of the power of Indians to block American expansion into the Northwest . American fears of the Native Americans ended , as did British plans to create a buffer Native American state . The American quest for honor after its humiliations by the British were satisfied . The final collapse of the opposition Federalist Party opened an `` Era of good feelings '' with lessened partisanship and an exuberant spirit . The British paid little attention to the war , concentrating instead on their final defeat of Napoleon in 1815 . The U.S. failed to gain any territory from British North America , contrary to many American politicians ' hopes and expectations , but it did gain land from Spain .

Answer: American fears of the Native Americans ended. The American quest for honor after its humiliations by the British were satisfied . The U.S. failed to gain any territory from British North America , contrary to many American politicians ' hopes and expectations , but it did gain land from Spain .

American fears of the Native Americans ended , as did British plans to create a buffer Native American state .

The American quest for honor after its humiliations by the British were satisfied .

The U.S. failed to gain any territory from British North America , contrary to many American politicians ' hopes and expectations , but it did gain land from Spain .


Input: summary of the story happy prince by oscar wilde

The Happy Prince and Other Tales

In a town where a lot of poor people suffer and where there are a lot of miseries , a swallow who was left behind after his flock flew off to Egypt for the winter , meets the statue of the late `` Happy Prince , '' who in reality has never experienced true sorrow , for he lived in a palace where sorrow was not allowed to enter . Viewing various scenes of people suffering in poverty from his tall monument , the Happy Prince asks the swallow to take the ruby from his hilt , the sapphires from his eyes , and the golden leaf covering his body to give to the poor . As the winter comes and the Happy Prince is stripped of all of his beauty , his lead heart breaks when the swallow dies as a result of his selfless deeds and severe cold . The statue is then brought down from the pillar and melted in a furnace leaving behind the broken heart and the dead swallow and they are thrown in a dust heap . These are taken up to heaven by an angel that has deemed them the two most precious things in the city . This is affirmed by God and they live forever in his city of gold and garden of paradise .

Answer: In a town where a lot of poor people suffer, a swallow meets the statue of the late ``Happy Prince''. Viewing various scenes of people suffering in poverty from his tall monument, the Happy Prince asks the swallow to take the ruby from his hilt, the sapphires from his eyes, and the golden leaf covering his body to give to the poor. The winter comes and his lead heart breaks when the swallow dies. The statue is melted in a furnace leaving behind the broken heart and the dead swallow. These are taken up to heaven by an angel and they live forever in God's city of gold and garden of paradise.

In a town where a lot of poor people suffer and where there are a lot of miseries , a swallow who was left behind after his flock flew off to Egypt for the winter , meets the statue of the late `` Happy Prince , '' who in reality has never experienced true sorrow , for he lived in a palace where sorrow was not allowed to enter .

Viewing various scenes of people suffering in poverty from his tall monument , the Happy Prince asks the swallow to take the ruby from his hilt , the sapphires from his eyes , and the golden leaf covering his body to give to the poor .

As the winter comes and the Happy Prince is stripped of all of his beauty , his lead heart breaks when the swallow dies as a result of his selfless deeds and severe cold .

The statue is then brought down from the pillar and melted in a furnace leaving behind the broken heart and the dead swallow

These are taken up to heaven by an angel that has deemed them the two most precious things in the city .

This is affirmed by God and they live forever in his city of gold and garden of paradise .

Answer: In a town where a lot of poor people suffer, a swallow meets the statue of the late "Happy Prince". Viewing poor people from his monument, the Happy Prince asks the swallow to give a few of his belongings to the poor. His lead heart breaks when the swallow dies. The statue melts leaving behind the broken heart and the dead swallow, which are taken up to heaven to live in God's city of gold and garden of paradise.

In a town where a lot of poor people suffer and where there are a lot of miseries , a swallow who was left behind after his flock flew off to Egypt for the winter , meets the statue of the late `` Happy Prince , '' who in reality has never experienced true sorrow , for he lived in a palace where sorrow was not allowed to enter .

Viewing various scenes of people suffering in poverty from his tall monument , the Happy Prince asks the swallow to take the ruby from his hilt , the sapphires from his eyes , and the golden leaf covering his body to give to the poor .

As the winter comes and the Happy Prince is stripped of all of his beauty , his lead heart breaks when the swallow dies as a result of his selfless deeds and severe cold .

The statue is then brought down from the pillar and melted in a furnace leaving behind the broken heart and the dead swallow

These are taken up to heaven by an angel that has deemed them the two most precious things in the city .

This is affirmed by God and they live forever in his city of gold and garden of paradise .