{"id":"1594887608634738480","input":"list and describe three reasons why revolutions broke out in 1830 and 1848","passages":[{"title":"Revolutions of 1830","text":"The Belgian Revolution broke out on 25 August 1830 , after the performance of a nationalistic opera ( La muette de Portici ) in Brussels led to a minor insurrection among the capital 's bourgeoisie , who sang patriotic songs and captured some public buildings in the city , protesting against Dutch rule imposed in 1815 . This early revolutionary group was swelled by a large number of urban workers . The following day , the revolutionaries began flying their own flag , clearly influenced by that of the Brabant Revolution of 1789 . To maintain order , several bourgeois militia groups were formed . The situation in Brussels led to widespread unrest across the country . King William I rejected his son 's advice to negotiate with the rebels , forcing them towards a more radical , pro-independence stance , and sent a large military force to Brussels to suppress the insurrection . Belgian","sentences":["The Belgian Revolution broke out on 25 August 1830 , after the performance of a nationalistic opera ( La muette de Portici ) in Brussels led to a minor insurrection among the capital 's bourgeoisie , who sang patriotic songs and captured some public buildings in the city , protesting against Dutch rule imposed in 1815 .","This early revolutionary group was swelled by a large number of urban workers .","The following day , the revolutionaries began flying their own flag , clearly influenced by that of the Brabant Revolution of 1789 .","To maintain order , several bourgeois militia groups were formed .","The situation in Brussels led to widespread unrest across the country .","King William I rejected his son 's advice to negotiate with the rebels , forcing them towards a more radical , pro-independence stance , and sent a large military force to Brussels to suppress the insurrection .","Belgian"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6468825203646688143","input":"new york times manhattan center for science and mathematics","passages":[{"title":"Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics","text":"Richie Adams ( 1981 ) Walter Berry ( 1982 ) Pedro Espada , Jr. ( 1971 ) Elmo Hope ( late 1930s ) Floyd Layne Daniel Patrick Moynihan ( 1944 ) Sonny Rollins ( 1947 ) Gary Springer ( 1980 ) Isaac Walthour ( 1949 ) Richie Parker","sentences":["Richie Adams ( 1981 ) Walter Berry ( 1982 )","Pedro Espada , Jr. ( 1971 )","Elmo Hope ( late 1930s )","Floyd Layne Daniel Patrick Moynihan ( 1944 ) Sonny Rollins ( 1947 ) Gary Springer ( 1980 )","Isaac Walthour ( 1949 )","Richie Parker"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9166201193558367681","input":"1st 4th battalion king's own royal lancaster regiment","passages":[{"title":"King's Own Royal Regiment (Lancaster)","text":"The 1st Battalion , King 's Own was stationed in Malta on the outbreak of war , moving to Karachi in British India at the end of 1939 . It later served with the 17th Indian Infantry Brigade . It subsequently served in Iraq and Syria with 25th Indian Infantry Brigade , with which it served until October 1943 , of 10th Indian Infantry Division . In August 1942 , the battalion embarked from Egypt for Cyprus , but the transport was torpedoed and the troops had to return and re-embark later . In May 1943 , the battalion returned to Syria , and then it joined 234th Infantry Brigade in the Aegean Islands in October 1943 . Here , the bulk of the battalion was captured by the Germans on 16 November , after the Battle of Leros , with only 57 officers and men managing to escape the island . The 1st Battalion was reformed in 25th Indian Infantry Brigade , on 30 January 1944 , by amalgamating with the 8th Battalion , King 's Own . The reformed battalion , under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Richard Neville Anderson , later served in the Italian Campaign with 25th Indian Brigade for the rest of the war .","sentences":["The 1st Battalion , King 's Own was stationed in Malta on the outbreak of war , moving to Karachi in British India at the end of 1939 .","It later served with the 17th Indian Infantry Brigade .","It subsequently served in Iraq and Syria with 25th Indian Infantry Brigade , with which it served until October 1943 , of 10th Indian Infantry Division .","In August 1942 , the battalion embarked from Egypt for Cyprus , but the transport was torpedoed and the troops had to return and re-embark later .","In May 1943 , the battalion returned to Syria , and then it joined 234th Infantry Brigade in the Aegean Islands in October 1943 .","Here , the bulk of the battalion was captured by the Germans on 16 November , after the Battle of Leros , with only 57 officers and men managing to escape the island .","The 1st Battalion was reformed in 25th Indian Infantry Brigade , on 30 January 1944 , by amalgamating with the 8th Battalion , King 's Own .","The reformed battalion , under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Richard Neville Anderson , later served in the Italian Campaign with 25th Indian Brigade for the rest of the war ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2542264889448742831","input":"how layers of sound occur in a piece of music","passages":[{"title":"Elements of music","text":"Meyer gives melody , rhythm , timbre , harmony , `` and the like '' ( Meyer 1973 , 9 ) , while Narmour lists , melody , harmony , rhythm , dynamics , tessitura , timbre , tempo , meter , texture , `` and perhaps others '' ( Narmour 1988 , 326 ) . According to McClellan , two things should be considered , the quality or state of an element and its change over time ( McClellan 2000 , 142 ) . Alan P. Merriam ( 1964 , 32 -- 33 ) proposed a theoretical research model that assumes three aspects are always present in musical activity : concept , behaviour , and sound . Virgil Thomson ( 1957 , vii ) lists the `` raw materials '' of music in order of their supposed discovery : rhythm , melody , and harmony ; including counterpoint and orchestration . Near the end of the twentieth century music scholarship began to give more attention to social and physical elements of music ( Moran 2013 , 59 ) . For example : performance , social , gender , dance , and theater .","sentences":["Meyer gives melody , rhythm , timbre , harmony , `` and the like '' ( Meyer 1973 , 9 ) , while Narmour lists , melody , harmony , rhythm , dynamics , tessitura , timbre , tempo , meter , texture , `` and perhaps others '' ( Narmour 1988 , 326 ) .","According to McClellan , two things should be considered , the quality or state of an element and its change over time ( McClellan 2000 , 142 ) .","Alan P. Merriam ( 1964 , 32 -- 33 ) proposed a theoretical research model that assumes three aspects are always present in musical activity : concept , behaviour , and sound .","Virgil Thomson ( 1957 , vii ) lists the `` raw materials '' of music in order of their supposed discovery : rhythm , melody , and harmony ; including counterpoint and orchestration .","Near the end of the twentieth century music scholarship began to give more attention to social and physical elements of music ( Moran 2013 , 59 ) .","For example : performance , social , gender , dance , and theater ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6936455548863661929","input":"this religion emerged in the late 15th century and was a combination of islam and hinduism","passages":[{"title":"Relationship between religion and science","text":"Many studies have been conducted in the United States and have generally found that scientists are less likely to believe in God than are the rest of the population . Precise definitions and statistics vary , with some studies concluding that about \u200b \u2044 of scientists in the U.S. \u200b \u2044 are atheists , \u200b \u2044 agnostic , and \u200b \u2044 have some belief in God ( although some might be deistic , for example ) . This is in contrast to the more than roughly \u200b \u2044 of the general population that believe in some God in the United States . Other studies on scientific organizations like the AAAS show that 51 % of their scientists believe in either God or a higher power and 48 % having no religion . Belief also varies slightly by field . Two surveys on physicists , geoscientists , biologists , mathematicians , and chemists have noted that , from those specializing in these fields , physicists had lowest percentage of belief in God ( 29 % ) while chemists had highest ( 41 % ) . Other studies show that among members of the National Academy of Sciences , concerning the existence of a personal god who answers prayer , 7 % expressed belief , 72 % expressed disbelief , and 21 % were agnostic , however Eugenie Scott argued that there are methodological issues in the study , including ambiguity in the questions . A study with simplified wording to include impersonal or non-interventionist ideas of God concluded that 40 % of leading scientists in the US scientists believe in a god .","sentences":["Many studies have been conducted in the United States and have generally found that scientists are less likely to believe in God than are the rest of the population .","Precise definitions and statistics vary , with some studies concluding that about \u200b \u2044 of scientists in the U.S. \u200b \u2044 are atheists , \u200b \u2044 agnostic , and \u200b \u2044 have some belief in God ( although some might be deistic , for example ) .","This is in contrast to the more than roughly \u200b \u2044 of the general population that believe in some God in the United States .","Other studies on scientific organizations like the AAAS show that 51 % of their scientists believe in either God or a higher power and 48 % having no religion .","Belief also varies slightly by field .","Two surveys on physicists , geoscientists , biologists , mathematicians , and chemists have noted that , from those specializing in these fields , physicists had lowest percentage of belief in God ( 29 % ) while chemists had highest ( 41 % ) .","Other studies show that among members of the National Academy of Sciences , concerning the existence of a personal god who answers prayer , 7 % expressed belief , 72 % expressed disbelief , and 21 % were agnostic , however Eugenie Scott argued that there are methodological issues in the study , including ambiguity in the questions .","A study with simplified wording to include impersonal or non-interventionist ideas of God concluded that 40 % of leading scientists in the US scientists believe in a god ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8956250272716759808","input":"who am i (whats my name)","passages":[{"title":"What's My Name? (Snoop Doggy Dogg song)","text":"`` Who Am I ? ( What 's My Name ? ) '' was the third top - ten of Snoop Dogg on the Billboard Hot 100 , the first as lead artist . The song reached number 8 on the chart . The song topped the US Hot Rap Songs for three weeks . It was certified gold by the RIAA in 1994 .","sentences":["`` Who Am I ?","( What 's My Name ? ) ''","was the third top - ten of Snoop Dogg on the Billboard Hot 100 , the first as lead artist .","The song reached number 8 on the chart .","The song topped the US Hot Rap Songs for three weeks .","It was certified gold by the RIAA in 1994 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3636995708751317361","input":"principle of electronic transition in uv visible spectroscopy","passages":[{"title":"Ultraviolet\u2013visible spectroscopy","text":"In a double - beam instrument , the light is split into two beams before it reaches the sample . One beam is used as the reference ; the other beam passes through the sample . The reference beam intensity is taken as 100 % Transmission ( or 0 Absorbance ) , and the measurement displayed is the ratio of the two beam intensities . Some double - beam instruments have two detectors ( photodiodes ) , and the sample and reference beam are measured at the same time . In other instruments , the two beams pass through a beam chopper , which blocks one beam at a time . The detector alternates between measuring the sample beam and the reference beam in synchronism with the chopper . There may also be one or more dark intervals in the chopper cycle . In this case , the measured beam intensities may be corrected by subtracting the intensity measured in the dark interval before the ratio is taken .","sentences":["In a double - beam instrument , the light is split into two beams before it reaches the sample .","One beam is used as the reference ; the other beam passes through the sample .","The reference beam intensity is taken as 100 % Transmission ( or 0 Absorbance ) , and the measurement displayed is the ratio of the two beam intensities .","Some double - beam instruments have two detectors ( photodiodes ) , and the sample and reference beam are measured at the same time .","In other instruments , the two beams pass through a beam chopper , which blocks one beam at a time .","The detector alternates between measuring the sample beam and the reference beam in synchronism with the chopper .","There may also be one or more dark intervals in the chopper cycle .","In this case , the measured beam intensities may be corrected by subtracting the intensity measured in the dark interval before the ratio is taken ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2203250515364974149","input":"where was final scene of expendables 3 filmed","passages":[{"title":"The Expendables 3","text":"On June 5 , a new TV promo with new footage was released . Instead of highlighting the all - star cast like the previous ones , this trailer focused on the new additions to the cast , prominently Kellan Lutz , Ronda Rousey and Victor Ortiz , contrasting their young characters with the more experienced ones of Sylvester Stallone and Kelsey Grammer . The same day , Sylvester Stallone also released a behind the scenes video via his Twitter . On June 17 , a long cinematic trailer was released , giving a first look at Mel Gibson as Conrad Stonebanks as well as showcasing the film 's story for the first time . A week later on June 23 , the new banner was released , featuring all 17 cast members except Robert Davi . On June 4 , a new TV trailer was released , containing new footage , although mostly consisting of footage already released . A longer version of the trailer was released a week later and one day after that , another TV trailer , themed to coincide with the 2014 FIFA World Cup , was released . At 2014 ComicCon , 16 new character posters in pop art style were released .","sentences":["On June 5 , a new TV promo with new footage was released .","Instead of highlighting the all - star cast like the previous ones , this trailer focused on the new additions to the cast , prominently Kellan Lutz , Ronda Rousey and Victor Ortiz , contrasting their young characters with the more experienced ones of Sylvester Stallone and Kelsey Grammer .","The same day , Sylvester Stallone also released a behind the scenes video via his Twitter .","On June 17 , a long cinematic trailer was released , giving a first look at Mel Gibson as Conrad Stonebanks as well as showcasing the film 's story for the first time .","A week later on June 23 , the new banner was released , featuring all 17 cast members except Robert Davi .","On June 4 , a new TV trailer was released , containing new footage , although mostly consisting of footage already released .","A longer version of the trailer was released a week later and one day after that , another TV trailer , themed to coincide with the 2014 FIFA World Cup , was released .","At 2014 ComicCon , 16 new character posters in pop art style were released ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"772512647534026193","input":"what is the restaurant at the end of the universe about","passages":[{"title":"The Restaurant at the End of the Universe","text":"Zarniwoop explains that the total Perspective Vortex has not malfunctioned -- this is a virtual universe created by Zarniwoop for the sole benefit of Zaphod , making him the most important creature in this universe . It turns out that Zaphod had the shrunk Heart of Gold in his jacket pocket the whole time . It is reconstituted , and Zaphod is reunited with Trillian , Arthur and Ford . They escape from Zarniwoop by asking to be transported to the nearest restaurant . Milliways , the Restaurant at the End of the Universe , is the nearest restaurant in space but not time . They are transported there `` five hundred and seventy - six thousand million years '' into the future . Marvin is left stranded here for this incredibly vast amount of time parking diners ' spaceships while waiting for the humans to return . After the meal , Zaphod and Ford steal a spaceship , which turns out to be a stuntship belonging to the rock band Disaster Area , programmed to dive into a star to provide backing effects for a rock concert . There is a teleporter on the ship for which the guidance system was never built , as it was never intended to be used , and it also requires somebody to stay on the ship to operate it . Marvin is chosen to stay behind and teleport the others , who have no choice but to go wherever it takes them .","sentences":["Zarniwoop explains that the total Perspective Vortex has not malfunctioned -- this is a virtual universe created by Zarniwoop for the sole benefit of Zaphod , making him the most important creature in this universe .","It turns out that Zaphod had the shrunk Heart of Gold in his jacket pocket the whole time .","It is reconstituted , and Zaphod is reunited with Trillian , Arthur and Ford .","They escape from Zarniwoop by asking to be transported to the nearest restaurant .","Milliways , the Restaurant at the End of the Universe , is the nearest restaurant in space but not time .","They are transported there `` five hundred and seventy - six thousand million years '' into the future .","Marvin is left stranded here for this incredibly vast amount of time parking diners ' spaceships while waiting for the humans to return .","After the meal , Zaphod and Ford steal a spaceship , which turns out to be a stuntship belonging to the rock band Disaster Area , programmed to dive into a star to provide backing effects for a rock concert .","There is a teleporter on the ship for which the guidance system was never built , as it was never intended to be used , and it also requires somebody to stay on the ship to operate it .","Marvin is chosen to stay behind and teleport the others , who have no choice but to go wherever it takes them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2403914344600966082","input":"who does joey end up with in joey","passages":[{"title":"Joey (TV series)","text":"The series did well in the Nielsen ratings in its first season ( 2004 -- 2005 ) and was subsequently renewed for a second season ( 2005 -- 2006 ) . In the second season , Miguel A. N\u00fa\u00f1ez , Jr. was added to the show as a series regular . Also , Jennifer Coolidge had a more prominent role . The show was pulled from its Thursday - night timeslot in December 2005 , and NBC returned the show in a new timeslot ( Tuesdays at 8pm ) on March 7 , 2006 . Due in part to being in competition with American Idol , Joey was the lowest - rated prime time program of the week for NBC . The network pulled the series after the first Tuesday broadcast and its cancellation was announced on May 15 , 2006 . The remaining episodes have never been broadcast by NBC , but have been shown on various other networks around the world . Episode 5 and Episode 13 of season 1 were directed by David Schwimmer , who played Ross Geller in Friends .","sentences":["The series did well in the Nielsen ratings in its first season ( 2004 -- 2005 ) and was subsequently renewed for a second season ( 2005 -- 2006 ) .","In the second season , Miguel A. N\u00fa\u00f1ez , Jr. was added to the show as a series regular .","Also , Jennifer Coolidge had a more prominent role .","The show was pulled from its Thursday - night timeslot in December 2005 , and NBC returned the show in a new timeslot ( Tuesdays at 8pm ) on March 7 , 2006 .","Due in part to being in competition with American Idol , Joey was the lowest - rated prime time program of the week for NBC .","The network pulled the series after the first Tuesday broadcast and its cancellation was announced on May 15 , 2006 .","The remaining episodes have never been broadcast by NBC , but have been shown on various other networks around the world .","Episode 5 and Episode 13 of season 1 were directed by David Schwimmer , who played Ross Geller in Friends ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2697865235459156663","input":"what are the two biggest exports from mexico","passages":[{"title":"Economy of Mexico","text":"By 2009 Mexico ranked once again number 15 on World 's leading exporters with US $230 billion ( And amongst the top ten excluding Intra-EU countries ) . Mexican trade is fully integrated with that of its North American partners : close to 90 % of Mexican exports and 50 % of its imports are traded with the United States and Canada . Nonetheless , NAFTA has not produced trade diversion . While trade with the United States increased 183 % from 1993 to 2002 , and that with Canada 165 % , other trade agreements have shown even more impressive results : trade with Chile increased 285 % , with Costa Rica 528 % and Honduras 420 % . Trade with the European Union increased 105 % over the same time period . 2016","sentences":["By 2009 Mexico ranked once again number 15 on World 's leading exporters with US $230 billion ( And amongst the top ten excluding Intra-EU countries ) .","Mexican trade is fully integrated with that of its North American partners : close to 90 % of Mexican exports and 50 % of its imports are traded with the United States and Canada .","Nonetheless , NAFTA has not produced trade diversion .","While trade with the United States increased 183 % from 1993 to 2002 , and that with Canada 165 % , other trade agreements have shown even more impressive results : trade with Chile increased 285 % , with Costa Rica 528 % and Honduras 420 % .","Trade with the European Union increased 105 % over the same time period .","2016"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6840203159018014160","input":"when does the show the doctors come on","passages":[{"title":"The Doctors (talk show)","text":"The Doctors Created by Phil McGraw Directed by Lynn Hermstad Starring Travis Lane Stork ( 2008 -- present ) Andrew P. Ordon ( 2008 -- present ) Nita Landry ( 2017 - present ) Sonia Batra ( 2016 - present ) Rachael Ross ( 2013 - 2017 ) Jennifer Berman ( 2013 - 2017 ) Jennifer Ashton ( 2013 - 2016 ) Theme music composer Moon Martin Opening theme adaptation of `` Bad Case of Loving You ( Doctor , Doctor ) '' Country of origin United States Original language ( s ) English No. of seasons 9 No. of episodes 1,041 Production Executive producer ( s ) Jay McGraw Carla Pennington Patricia Ciano Phil McGraw Producer ( s ) Veronica Torres Lisa Williams Michelle Wendt Camera setup Multiple Running time 42 minutes Production company ( s ) Stage 29 Productions Distributor CBS Television Distribution Release Original network Syndication Picture format 1080i ( HDTV ) Audio format stereophonic Original release September 8 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 08 ) -- present Chronology Related shows Dr. Phil External links Website","sentences":["The Doctors Created by Phil McGraw Directed by Lynn Hermstad Starring Travis Lane Stork ( 2008 -- present )","Andrew P. Ordon ( 2008 -- present ) Nita Landry ( 2017 - present ) Sonia Batra ( 2016 - present ) Rachael Ross ( 2013 - 2017 ) Jennifer Berman ( 2013 - 2017 )","Jennifer Ashton ( 2013 - 2016 )","Theme music composer Moon Martin Opening theme adaptation of `` Bad Case of Loving You ( Doctor , Doctor ) ''","Country of origin United States Original language ( s ) English No. of seasons 9 No. of episodes 1,041 Production Executive producer ( s ) Jay McGraw Carla Pennington Patricia Ciano Phil McGraw Producer ( s ) Veronica","Torres Lisa Williams Michelle Wendt Camera setup Multiple Running time 42 minutes Production company ( s ) Stage 29 Productions Distributor CBS Television Distribution Release Original network Syndication Picture format 1080i ( HDTV ) Audio format stereophonic Original release September 8 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 08 ) -- present Chronology Related shows Dr. Phil External links Website"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4836656617223238572","input":"one of the waste products that accumulates during cellular","passages":[{"title":"Cellular waste product","text":"Generally , in anaerobic respiration sugars are broken down into carbon dioxide and other waste products that are dictated by the oxidant the cell uses . Whereas in aerobic respiration the oxidant is always oxygen , in anaerobic respiration it varies . Each oxidant produces a different waste product , such as nitrite , succinate , sulfide , methane , and acetate . Anaerobic respiration is correspondingly less efficient than aerobic respiration . In the absence of oxygen , not all of the carbon - carbon bonds in glucose can be broken to release energy . A great deal of extractable energy is left in the waste products . Anaerobic respiration generally occurs in prokaryotes in environments that do not contain oxygen .","sentences":["Generally , in anaerobic respiration sugars are broken down into carbon dioxide and other waste products that are dictated by the oxidant the cell uses .","Whereas in aerobic respiration the oxidant is always oxygen , in anaerobic respiration it varies .","Each oxidant produces a different waste product , such as nitrite , succinate , sulfide , methane , and acetate .","Anaerobic respiration is correspondingly less efficient than aerobic respiration .","In the absence of oxygen , not all of the carbon - carbon bonds in glucose can be broken to release energy .","A great deal of extractable energy is left in the waste products .","Anaerobic respiration generally occurs in prokaryotes in environments that do not contain oxygen ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6279350448947129844","input":"who plays the scream killer in scary movie","passages":[{"title":"Ghostface (Scream)","text":"Part of a series on Costume Background ( show ) History Industry Costume coordination Use of costume in Athenian tragedy Wardrobe supervisor Society and culture ( show ) Cosplay Costume party Masque Masquerade ball Parade World Costume Festival Design ( show ) Costume design Costume designer Spirit gum Elements and methods ( show ) Body painting Disguise Fake moustache Fatsuit Illusion costume Inflatable costume Zentai Traditional ( show ) Faubourg Marigny Mardi Gras costumes Folk costume French Quarter Mardi Gras costumes Halloween costume Santa suit Theatrical ( show ) Costumed character Creature suit Dance costume Domino mask Fursuit Gorilla suit Kumadori Leotard Pantomime horse Stage dress Titan the Robot Period ( show ) Plague doctor costume Modern dress Children ( show ) Sesame Street Zoobilee Zoo Fictional ( show ) Batman 's utility belt Batsuit Ghostface Superman suit Organizations ( show ) Angels Costumes Costume Designers Guild Western Costume Awards ( show ) Laurence Olivier AACTA Academy Award Africa Movie Academy BAFTA Critics ' Choice C\u00e9sar David di Donatello Filmfare Golden Arena IIFA National Film Award Robert Satellite Costume Designers Guild ( TV ) Costume Designers Guild ( fantasy ) People ( show ) Category : Costume designers Museums ( show ) Centre National du Costume de Scene Costume Museum of Canada Kastoria Costume Museum Devonshire Collection of Period Costume Korea Museum of Modern Costume Museum of Ayrshire Country Life and Costume Museum of the History of the Greek Costume Portugal National Museum of Costume and Fashion Scotland National Museum of Costume","sentences":["Part of a series on Costume Background ( show ) History Industry Costume coordination Use of costume in Athenian tragedy Wardrobe supervisor Society and culture ( show )","Cosplay Costume party Masque Masquerade ball Parade World Costume Festival Design ( show ) Costume design Costume designer Spirit gum Elements and methods ( show ) Body painting Disguise Fake moustache Fatsuit Illusion costume Inflatable costume Zentai Traditional ( show )","Faubourg Marigny Mardi Gras costumes Folk costume French Quarter Mardi Gras costumes Halloween costume Santa suit Theatrical ( show )","Costumed character Creature suit Dance costume Domino mask Fursuit Gorilla suit Kumadori Leotard","Pantomime horse Stage dress Titan the Robot Period ( show )","Plague doctor costume Modern dress Children ( show )","Sesame Street Zoobilee Zoo Fictional ( show )","Batman 's utility belt Batsuit Ghostface Superman suit Organizations ( show )","Angels Costumes Costume Designers Guild Western Costume Awards ( show )","Laurence Olivier AACTA Academy Award Africa Movie Academy BAFTA Critics ' Choice C\u00e9sar David di Donatello Filmfare Golden Arena IIFA National Film Award Robert Satellite Costume Designers Guild ( TV ) Costume Designers Guild ( fantasy ) People ( show )","Category : Costume designers Museums ( show )","Centre National du Costume de Scene Costume Museum of Canada Kastoria Costume Museum Devonshire Collection of Period Costume Korea Museum of Modern Costume Museum of Ayrshire Country Life and Costume Museum of the History of the Greek Costume Portugal National Museum of Costume and Fashion Scotland National Museum of Costume"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3939774217420525711","input":"what kind of poison killed romeo and juliet","passages":[{"title":"Romeo and Juliet","text":"Meanwhile , Benvolio talks with his cousin Romeo , Montague 's son , about Romeo 's recent depression . Benvolio discovers that it stems from unrequited infatuation for a girl named Rosaline , one of Capulet 's nieces . Persuaded by Benvolio and Mercutio , Romeo attends the ball at the Capulet house in hopes of meeting Rosaline . However , Romeo instead meets and falls in love with Juliet . Juliet 's cousin , Tybalt , is enraged at Romeo for sneaking into the ball but is only stopped from killing Romeo by Juliet 's father , who does not wish to shed blood in his house . After the ball , in what is now called the `` balcony scene '' , Romeo sneaks into the Capulet orchard and overhears Juliet at her window vowing her love to him in spite of her family 's hatred of the Montagues . Romeo makes himself known to her and they agree to be married . With the help of Friar Laurence , who hopes to reconcile the two families through their children 's union , they are secretly married the next day .","sentences":["Meanwhile , Benvolio talks with his cousin Romeo , Montague 's son , about Romeo 's recent depression .","Benvolio discovers that it stems from unrequited infatuation for a girl named Rosaline , one of Capulet 's nieces .","Persuaded by Benvolio and Mercutio , Romeo attends the ball at the Capulet house in hopes of meeting Rosaline .","However , Romeo instead meets and falls in love with Juliet .","Juliet 's cousin , Tybalt , is enraged at Romeo for sneaking into the ball but is only stopped from killing Romeo by Juliet 's father , who does not wish to shed blood in his house .","After the ball , in what is now called the `` balcony scene '' , Romeo sneaks into the Capulet orchard and overhears Juliet at her window vowing her love to him in spite of her family 's hatred of the Montagues .","Romeo makes himself known to her and they agree to be married .","With the help of Friar Laurence , who hopes to reconcile the two families through their children 's union , they are secretly married the next day ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6560141012816204006","input":"who was the first person to eat an apple","passages":[{"title":"Adam and Eve","text":"In the next narrative dialogue , God questions the man and the woman ( Genesis 3 : 8 -- 13 ) , and God initiates a dialogue by calling out to the man with a rhetorical question designed to consider his wrongdoing . The man explains that he hid in the garden out of fear because he realized his own nakedness ( Genesis 3 : 10 ) . This is followed by two more rhetorical questions designed to show awareness of a defiance of God 's command . The man then points to the woman as the real offender , and he implies that God is responsible for the tragedy because the woman was given to him by God ( Genesis 3 : 12 ) . God challenges the woman to explain herself , whereby she shifts the blame to the serpent ( Genesis 3 : 13 ) . The","sentences":["In the next narrative dialogue , God questions the man and the woman ( Genesis 3 : 8 -- 13 ) , and God initiates a dialogue by calling out to the man with a rhetorical question designed to consider his wrongdoing .","The man explains that he hid in the garden out of fear because he realized his own nakedness ( Genesis 3 : 10 ) .","This is followed by two more rhetorical questions designed to show awareness of a defiance of God 's command .","The man then points to the woman as the real offender , and he implies that God is responsible for the tragedy because the woman was given to him by God ( Genesis 3 : 12 ) .","God challenges the woman to explain herself , whereby she shifts the blame to the serpent ( Genesis 3 : 13 ) .","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5880908960808012394","input":"why is mayor poole on blue bloods in a wheelchair","passages":[{"title":"David Ramsey","text":"Year Title Role Notes Scared Stiff George Masterson The Nutty Professor Student A Very Brady Sequel Brent , the Lifeguard Con Air Londell 1998 A Short Wait Between Trains Jenkins 1999 Three to Tango Bill 2000 Pay It Forward Sidney Parker 2001 Mr. Bones Vince Lee Hair Show Cliff 2005 Resurrection : The J.R. Richard Story J.R. Richard Produced by Benjamin O. Jimerson - Phillips Bathsheba King David 2006 `` Hello Sister , Goodbye Life '' Dennis 2007 The Death and Life of Bobby Z Wayne 2008 The Coverup Bill Daily 2009 The Rub Cam Stewart Mother and Child Joseph 2014 Draft Day Thompson 2015 Accidental Love Rep. Bill Harshtone","sentences":["Year Title Role Notes Scared Stiff George Masterson","The Nutty Professor Student A Very Brady Sequel Brent , the Lifeguard Con Air Londell 1998","A Short Wait Between Trains Jenkins 1999 Three to Tango Bill 2000 Pay It Forward Sidney Parker 2001 Mr. Bones Vince Lee Hair Show Cliff 2005","Resurrection :","The J.R. Richard Story J.R. Richard Produced by Benjamin O. Jimerson - Phillips Bathsheba King David 2006 `` Hello Sister , Goodbye Life '' Dennis 2007 The Death and Life of Bobby Z Wayne 2008","The Coverup Bill Daily 2009 The Rub Cam Stewart Mother and Child Joseph 2014 Draft Day","Thompson 2015 Accidental Love Rep. Bill Harshtone"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5709357084827385631","input":"who was the commander who directed military operations during much of ww2","passages":[{"title":"Australian Army during World War II","text":"Australian Army units were deployed as occupation forces following the Japanese surrender . Under the terms of an agreement reached between Blamey and Admiral Louis Mountbatten , the head of South East Asia Command , Australia was responsible for providing occupation forces for all of Borneo , the NEI east of Lombok ( including western New Guinea ) and the pre-war Australian and British territories in eastern New Guinea and the Solomon Islands as well as Nauru and Ocean Islands in the Pacific . The Australian forces in Borneo and the NEI were to remain in place only until they were relieved by British and Dutch units in late 1945 . I Corps was responsible for garrisoning Borneo and the eastern NEI , and the First Army disarmed Japanese forces in the pre-war British and Australian territories in and around New Guinea . After the surrender documents were signed the 7th and 9th Divisions took control of Borneo and five forces were dispatched from Morotai and Darwin to the key islands in the eastern NEI . While the British forces in the western NEI took part in fighting against Indonesian nationalists , the Australians were careful to not become involved in the Indonesian National Revolution and sought to hand control of their occupation zones to the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration as quickly as possible . Relations between the Australian troops and Indonesians were generally good , due in part to the decision by the Waterside Workers ' Federation of Australia to not load Dutch ships which were carrying military supplies bound for the NEI . The last Australian occupation troops left the NEI in February 1946 . General","sentences":["Australian Army units were deployed as occupation forces following the Japanese surrender .","Under the terms of an agreement reached between Blamey and Admiral Louis Mountbatten , the head of South East Asia Command , Australia was responsible for providing occupation forces for all of Borneo , the NEI east of Lombok ( including western New Guinea ) and the pre-war Australian and British territories in eastern New Guinea and the Solomon Islands as well as Nauru and Ocean Islands in the Pacific .","The Australian forces in Borneo and the NEI were to remain in place only until they were relieved by British and Dutch units in late 1945 .","I Corps was responsible for garrisoning Borneo and the eastern NEI , and the First Army disarmed Japanese forces in the pre-war British and Australian territories in and around New Guinea .","After the surrender documents were signed the 7th and 9th Divisions took control of Borneo and five forces were dispatched from Morotai and Darwin to the key islands in the eastern NEI .","While the British forces in the western NEI took part in fighting against Indonesian nationalists , the Australians were careful to not become involved in the Indonesian National Revolution and sought to hand control of their occupation zones to the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration as quickly as possible .","Relations between the Australian troops and Indonesians were generally good , due in part to the decision by the Waterside Workers ' Federation of Australia to not load Dutch ships which were carrying military supplies bound for the NEI .","The last Australian occupation troops left the NEI in February 1946 .","General"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2641530059995549047","input":"when were the urban sites of cahokia and chaco canyon in north america both abandoned","passages":[{"title":"Cahokia","text":"At the high point of its development , Cahokia was the largest urban center north of the great Mesoamerican cities in Mexico and Central America . Although it was home to only about 1,000 people before c. 1050 , its population grew rapidly after that date . According to a 2007 study in Quaternary Science Reviews , `` Between AD 1050 and 1100 , Cahokia 's population increased from between 1400 and 2800 people to between 10,200 and 15,300 people '' . an estimate that applies only to a 1.8 km2 high density central occupation area . Archaeologists estimate the city 's population at between 6,000 and 40,000 at its peak , with more people living in outlying farming villages that supplied the main urban center . In the early 21st century , new residential areas were found to the west of Cahokia as a result of archeological excavations , increasing estimates of area population . If the highest population estimates are correct , Cahokia was larger than any subsequent city in the United States until the 1780s , when Philadelphia 's population grew beyond 40,000 . Moreover , according to the same population estimates , the population of 13th Century Cahokia was equal to or larger than the population of 13th Century London .","sentences":["At the high point of its development , Cahokia was the largest urban center north of the great Mesoamerican cities in Mexico and Central America .","Although it was home to only about 1,000 people before c. 1050 , its population grew rapidly after that date .","According to a 2007 study in Quaternary Science Reviews , `` Between AD 1050 and 1100 , Cahokia 's population increased from between 1400 and 2800 people to between 10,200 and 15,300 people '' .","an estimate that applies only to a 1.8 km2 high density central occupation area .","Archaeologists estimate the city 's population at between 6,000 and 40,000 at its peak , with more people living in outlying farming villages that supplied the main urban center .","In the early 21st century , new residential areas were found to the west of Cahokia as a result of archeological excavations , increasing estimates of area population .","If the highest population estimates are correct , Cahokia was larger than any subsequent city in the United States until the 1780s , when Philadelphia 's population grew beyond 40,000 .","Moreover , according to the same population estimates , the population of 13th Century Cahokia was equal to or larger than the population of 13th Century London ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8713678853343198828","input":"who maintained power in the governments of the colonies","passages":[{"title":"Indirect rule","text":"From the early 20th century , French and British writers helped establish a dichotomy between British Indirect rule , exemplified by the Indian princely states and by Lord Lugard 's writings on the administration of northern Nigeria , and French colonial direct rule . As with British theorists , French colonial officials like F\u00e9lix Ebou\u00e9 or Robert Delavignette wrote and argued throughout the first half of the 20th century for a distinct French style of rule that was centralized , uniform , and aimed at assimilating colonial subjects into the French polity . French rule , sometimes labeled Jacobin , was said in these writings to be based on the twin ideologies of the centralized unitary French government of the Metropole , with the French colonial ideology of Assimilation . Colonial Assimilation argued that French law and citizenship was based on universal values that came from the French Revolution . Mirroring French domestic citizenship law , French colonial law allowed for anyone who could prove themselves culturally French ( the `` \u00c9volu\u00e9s '' ) to become equal French citizens . In French West Africa , only parts of the Senegalese `` Four Communes '' ever extended French citizenship outside a few educated African elite . This was contrasted with British Indirect Rule , which never foresaw subject Protectorates becoming legally assimilated into `` the home nations '' .","sentences":["From the early 20th century , French and British writers helped establish a dichotomy between British Indirect rule , exemplified by the Indian princely states and by Lord Lugard 's writings on the administration of northern Nigeria , and French colonial direct rule .","As with British theorists , French colonial officials like F\u00e9lix Ebou\u00e9 or Robert Delavignette wrote and argued throughout the first half of the 20th century for a distinct French style of rule that was centralized , uniform , and aimed at assimilating colonial subjects into the French polity .","French rule , sometimes labeled Jacobin , was said in these writings to be based on the twin ideologies of the centralized unitary French government of the Metropole , with the French colonial ideology of Assimilation .","Colonial Assimilation argued that French law and citizenship was based on universal values that came from the French Revolution .","Mirroring French domestic citizenship law , French colonial law allowed for anyone who could prove themselves culturally French ( the `` \u00c9volu\u00e9s '' ) to become equal French citizens .","In French West Africa , only parts of the Senegalese `` Four Communes '' ever extended French citizenship outside a few educated African elite .","This was contrasted with British Indirect Rule , which never foresaw subject Protectorates becoming legally assimilated into `` the home nations '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7121299760909158279","input":"who did spain give the two areas of land to later","passages":[{"title":"New Spain","text":"In the second Treaty of Paris ( 1783 ) , which ended the American Revolution , Britain ceded its two Florida colonies back to Spain to regain the Bahamas , which Spain had been occupying during the war . Spain then had control over the Mississippi River south of 32 \u00b0 30 ' north latitude , and , in what is known as the Spanish Conspiracy , hoped to gain greater control of Louisiana and all of the west . These hopes ended when Spain was pressured into signing Pinckney 's Treaty in 1795 . France reacquired ' Louisiana ' from Spain in the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800 . The United States bought the territory from France in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 . Spanish","sentences":["In the second Treaty of Paris ( 1783 ) , which ended the American Revolution , Britain ceded its two Florida colonies back to Spain to regain the Bahamas , which Spain had been occupying during the war .","Spain then had control over the Mississippi River south of 32 \u00b0 30 ' north latitude , and , in what is known as the Spanish Conspiracy , hoped to gain greater control of Louisiana and all of the west .","These hopes ended when Spain was pressured into signing Pinckney 's Treaty in 1795 .","France reacquired ' Louisiana ' from Spain in the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800 .","The United States bought the territory from France in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 .","Spanish"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7555651450680718661","input":"fullmetal alchemist season 1 episode 27 english dub","passages":[{"title":"List of Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood episodes","text":"When faced with the option of judging the one who killed her parents , Winry decides to bandage Scar 's wounds , knowing it would be something her parents would do . Miles explains to Scar that he joined the military to gradually change the way people think of Ishvalans . Since May and Marcoh need Scar to decipher his brother 's research , Miles offers to hide everyone at the fort , with Alphonse insisting on sparing the two chimeras . While Scar and company head for the fort via tunnels in the mines , Winry comes up with a ruse to make it look like Scar has kidnapped her to elude Kimblee , just before a blizzard sets in . However , as they head for the fort , Miles gets word that Olivier is no longer there , as it is being manned by the state alchemists . When Alphonse willingly goes into the blizzard to find and warn the group , he briefly sees his body and wonders if it is trying to get its soul back . Meanwhile , Father makes plans involving Alphonse , Edward , Hohenheim , Izumi , and one more candidate .","sentences":["When faced with the option of judging the one who killed her parents , Winry decides to bandage Scar 's wounds , knowing it would be something her parents would do .","Miles explains to Scar that he joined the military to gradually change the way people think of Ishvalans .","Since May and Marcoh need Scar to decipher his brother 's research , Miles offers to hide everyone at the fort , with Alphonse insisting on sparing the two chimeras .","While Scar and company head for the fort via tunnels in the mines , Winry comes up with a ruse to make it look like Scar has kidnapped her to elude Kimblee , just before a blizzard sets in .","However , as they head for the fort , Miles gets word that Olivier is no longer there , as it is being manned by the state alchemists .","When Alphonse willingly goes into the blizzard to find and warn the group , he briefly sees his body and wonders if it is trying to get its soul back .","Meanwhile , Father makes plans involving Alphonse , Edward , Hohenheim , Izumi , and one more candidate ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4350227296069625282","input":"when does alison dilaurentis come back for good","passages":[{"title":"Alison DiLaurentis","text":"When Alison was about to get her life back , Courtney 's friends warned Mrs. DiLaurentis that `` Alison '' was missing . Jessica then assumed that Courtney ( Alison , actually ) did something against her sister 's life and sent her back to psychological hospital . Meanwhile , masons filled the hole where Courtney 's body was buried to build a gazebo . Hours later , `` Alison '' was reported missing . Three years later , Courtney 's friends began to be pursued by someone named `` A '' who knew her greatest secrets and threatened them constantly . Months later , Mona Vanderwaal , a classmate of the girls and Alison , was revealed to be `` A '' . Soon after , Alison took the reins of the game and began to chase the girls , seeking revenge for having everything she always wanted .","sentences":["When Alison was about to get her life back , Courtney 's friends warned Mrs. DiLaurentis that `` Alison '' was missing .","Jessica then assumed that Courtney ( Alison , actually ) did something against her sister 's life and sent her back to psychological hospital .","Meanwhile , masons filled the hole where Courtney 's body was buried to build a gazebo .","Hours later , `` Alison '' was reported missing .","Three years later , Courtney 's friends began to be pursued by someone named `` A '' who knew her greatest secrets and threatened them constantly .","Months later , Mona Vanderwaal , a classmate of the girls and Alison , was revealed to be `` A '' .","Soon after , Alison took the reins of the game and began to chase the girls , seeking revenge for having everything she always wanted ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5050097738265034498","input":"how many episodes of supergirl is superman in","passages":[{"title":"List of Supergirl episodes","text":"While Kara is trying to win back National City 's trust , the hot - headed Marine Colonel James Harper ( guest star Eddie McClintock ) begins an investigation into the J'onn affair with Lucy , having re-enlisted into the Army at her previous rank of Major , as his legal assistant . Hank \/ J'onn J'onzz then tells the backstory about how he first met Jeremiah Danvers ( guest star Dean Cain ) 10 years earlier while he and Hank were on a mission in South America to find him and how J'onn took his identity to oversee the DEO . After her interrogation , the vindictive Lucy implicates Alex with her knowledge about J'onn's real identity . After learning that Hank and Alex are on their way to Project Cadmus , Kara finally tells Lucy that she is Supergirl and convinces her to help rescue Hank and Alex . Hank learns that Jeremiah is still alive , so he and Alex go on the run to find him , but not before manipulating Harper into resigning from the Marines and appointing Lucy as the acting director of the DEO . Meanwhile , Siobhan tries to get revenge on Kara for getting her fired , but gets caught by Winn and discovers that she has the power to sonic scream .","sentences":["While Kara is trying to win back National City 's trust , the hot - headed Marine Colonel James Harper ( guest star Eddie McClintock ) begins an investigation into the J'onn affair with Lucy , having re-enlisted into the Army at her previous rank of Major , as his legal assistant .","Hank \/ J'onn J'onzz then tells the backstory about how he first met Jeremiah Danvers ( guest star Dean Cain ) 10 years earlier while he and Hank were on a mission in South America to find him and how J'onn took his identity to oversee the DEO .","After her interrogation , the vindictive Lucy implicates Alex with her knowledge about J'onn's real identity .","After learning that Hank and Alex are on their way to Project Cadmus , Kara finally tells Lucy that she is Supergirl and convinces her to help rescue Hank and Alex .","Hank learns that Jeremiah is still alive , so he and Alex go on the run to find him , but not before manipulating Harper into resigning from the Marines and appointing Lucy as the acting director of the DEO .","Meanwhile , Siobhan tries to get revenge on Kara for getting her fired , but gets caught by Winn and discovers that she has the power to sonic scream ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5927139285837957626","input":"portia the hero of the merchant of venice","passages":[{"title":"Portia (The Merchant of Venice)","text":"Despite Portia 's lack of formal legal training , she wins her case by referring to the details of the exact language of the law . Her success involves prevailing on technicalities rather than the merits of the situation . She uses the tactics of what is sometimes called a Philadelphia lawyer . However , the concept of rhetoric and its abuse is also brought to light by Portia -- highlighting the idea that an unjust argument may win through eloquence , loopholes and technicalities , regardless of the moral question at hand -- and thus provoking the audience to consider that issue . After a few months , Portia and Bassanio live together along with Nerissa and her husband , and Antonio . Shylock has his job back but only half his money and Jessica and Lorenzo are found in Portia 's castle . Portia","sentences":["Despite Portia 's lack of formal legal training , she wins her case by referring to the details of the exact language of the law .","Her success involves prevailing on technicalities rather than the merits of the situation .","She uses the tactics of what is sometimes called a Philadelphia lawyer .","However , the concept of rhetoric and its abuse is also brought to light by Portia -- highlighting the idea that an unjust argument may win through eloquence , loopholes and technicalities , regardless of the moral question at hand -- and thus provoking the audience to consider that issue .","After a few months , Portia and Bassanio live together along with Nerissa and her husband , and Antonio .","Shylock has his job back but only half his money and Jessica and Lorenzo are found in Portia 's castle .","Portia"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1752825518582860287","input":"arizona public service (corporate headquarters) phoenix az","passages":[{"title":"Arizona Public Service","text":"In 1987 , AZP Group changed its name to Pinnacle West Capital Corporation , and began trading under the new ticker symbol PNW . The utility continued to operate as its principal subsidiary . By then Pinnacle 's long - term debt had grown to almost US $2.4 billion . Earnings had declined to US $260 million in 1986 , but were recovering by the end 1987 . However , the stock price reached an all - time peak that year , which was not surpassed for the next decade , as the company ran into troubles through the early 1990s . In 1986 , Pinnacle acquired MeraBank , a savings and loan . It grew to become Arizona 's largest thrift , with $6.5 billion in assets . However , the thrift was seized by federal regulators in January 1990 , due in part to the deterioration in prices in the Arizona real estate market .","sentences":["In 1987 , AZP Group changed its name to Pinnacle West Capital Corporation , and began trading under the new ticker symbol PNW .","The utility continued to operate as its principal subsidiary .","By then Pinnacle 's long - term debt had grown to almost US $2.4 billion .","Earnings had declined to US $260 million in 1986 , but were recovering by the end 1987 .","However , the stock price reached an all - time peak that year , which was not surpassed for the next decade , as the company ran into troubles through the early 1990s .","In 1986 , Pinnacle acquired MeraBank , a savings and loan .","It grew to become Arizona 's largest thrift , with $6.5 billion in assets .","However , the thrift was seized by federal regulators in January 1990 , due in part to the deterioration in prices in the Arizona real estate market ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3438511383213545458","input":"difference between twisted pair wire and coaxial cable","passages":[{"title":"Twisted pair","text":"Cat 6 F \/ UTP , U \/ FTP 500 MHz 10GBASE - T Ethernet Adds cable shielding . ISO \/ IEC 11801 2nd Ed . Am. 2 . ( 2008 ) , ANSI \/ TIA - 568 - C. 1 ( 2009 )","sentences":["Cat 6 F \/ UTP , U \/ FTP 500 MHz 10GBASE - T Ethernet Adds cable shielding .","ISO \/ IEC 11801","2nd Ed .","Am.","2 .","( 2008 ) , ANSI \/ TIA - 568 - C. 1 ( 2009 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9112054786412482001","input":"who developed a method for educating the hearing impaired","passages":[{"title":"Deaf education","text":"Inclusion : Deaf students spend all , or most , of the school day with non-deaf students . Since inclusion requires considerable curriculum modification , it is considered best practice only for mildly - to - moderately deaf students . Specialized services may be provided inside or outside the regular classroom , and students may leave the regular classroom to attend smaller , intensive instructional sessions in a resource room or to receive other services requiring specialized equipment or which might be disruptive to the rest of the class ( such as speech and language therapy ) . Mainstreaming refers to the education of deaf students in classes with non-deaf students for specified time periods , based on the deaf students ' skills ; deaf students learn in separate classes for the remainder of the school day . Segregation ( in a separate classroom or school ) : In this model , deaf students spend no time in non-deaf classes or with non-deaf students . Segregated students may attend a school where non-deaf classes are provided , but spend their time in a separate classroom for students with special needs . If their special - needs class is in a mainstream school , they may have opportunities for social integration ( for example , eating meals with non-deaf students ) ; alternatively , deaf students may attend a special school . Exclusion : A student unable to receive instruction in any school is excluded from school . Most deaf students have historically been excluded from school , and exclusion may still occur where there is no legal mandate for special - education services ( such as developing countries ) . It may also occur when a student is in hospital or housebound . Excluded students may receive individual or group instruction , and students who have been suspended or expelled are not considered `` excluded '' in this sense .","sentences":["Inclusion : Deaf students spend all , or most , of the school day with non-deaf students .","Since inclusion requires considerable curriculum modification , it is considered best practice only for mildly - to - moderately deaf students .","Specialized services may be provided inside or outside the regular classroom , and students may leave the regular classroom to attend smaller , intensive instructional sessions in a resource room or to receive other services requiring specialized equipment or which might be disruptive to the rest of the class ( such as speech and language therapy ) .","Mainstreaming refers to the education of deaf students in classes with non-deaf students for specified time periods , based on the deaf students ' skills ; deaf students learn in separate classes for the remainder of the school day .","Segregation ( in a separate classroom or school ) :","In this model , deaf students spend no time in non-deaf classes or with non-deaf students .","Segregated students may attend a school where non-deaf classes are provided , but spend their time in a separate classroom for students with special needs .","If their special - needs class is in a mainstream school , they may have opportunities for social integration ( for example , eating meals with non-deaf students ) ; alternatively , deaf students may attend a special school .","Exclusion : A student unable to receive instruction in any school is excluded from school .","Most deaf students have historically been excluded from school , and exclusion may still occur where there is no legal mandate for special - education services ( such as developing countries ) .","It may also occur when a student is in hospital or housebound .","Excluded students may receive individual or group instruction , and students who have been suspended or expelled are not considered `` excluded '' in this sense ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6534934681083138383","input":"two manners of articulation that do not occur in english","passages":[{"title":"Manner of articulation","text":"One use of the word semivowel , sometimes called a glide , is a type of approximant , pronounced like a vowel but with the tongue closer to the roof of the mouth , so that there is slight turbulence . In English , \/ w \/ is the semivowel equivalent of the vowel \/ u \/ , and \/ j \/ ( spelled `` y '' ) is the semivowel equivalent of the vowel \/ i \/ in this usage . Other descriptions use semivowel for vowel - like sounds that are not syllabic , but do not have the increased stricture of approximants . These are found as elements in diphthongs . The word may also be used to cover both concepts . The term glide is newer than semivowel , being used to indicate an essential quality of sounds such as \/ w \/ and \/ j \/ , which is the movement ( or glide ) from their initial position ( \/ u \/ and \/ i \/ , respectively ) to a following vowel .","sentences":["One use of the word semivowel , sometimes called a glide , is a type of approximant , pronounced like a vowel but with the tongue closer to the roof of the mouth , so that there is slight turbulence .","In English , \/ w \/ is the semivowel equivalent of the vowel \/ u \/ , and \/ j \/ ( spelled `` y '' ) is the semivowel equivalent of the vowel \/ i \/ in this usage .","Other descriptions use semivowel for vowel - like sounds that are not syllabic , but do not have the increased stricture of approximants .","These are found as elements in diphthongs .","The word may also be used to cover both concepts .","The term glide is newer than semivowel , being used to indicate an essential quality of sounds such as \/ w \/ and \/ j \/ , which is the movement ( or glide ) from their initial position ( \/ u \/ and \/ i \/ , respectively ) to a following vowel ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8264232753659795786","input":"luis fonsi demi lovato - \u00e9chame la culpa wikipedia","passages":[{"title":"\u00c9chame la Culpa","text":"Lovato first teased a photo from the music video shot via Instagram on October 21 , 2017 , to which Fonsi commented : `` What 's up Demi ... '' , and later posted a behind - the - scenes picture on his own Instagram , captioned : `` Finished ! It 's a wrap '' , to which Lovato replied : `` Hola Fonsi '' . On November 1 , 2017 , MTV News reported that the collaboration will be titled `` \u00c9chame la Culpa '' , a song Fonsi has been performing solo during live shows across the summer . In an interview with Billboard at iHeartRadio Fiesta Latina in Miami , Fonsi admitted : `` It 's a fun song , a fun record , we already filmed the video . '' He also revealed that the song would premiere in two weeks . In a clip shared by Billboard on November 13 , 2017 , Lovato and Fonsi can be seen meeting each other via a FaceTime call to discuss details about their collaboration . On November 14 , 2017 , Lovato took to social media to announce the release date , along with a snippet of the song featuring only her part , as Fonsi posted a shot of himself lying in bed with pillows covered in the song 's title . On November 17 , 2017 , Fonsi published a photo of a truck with him and Lovato on it , as well as short quotes including `` \u00bf Qu\u00e9 pasa Demi ? '' ( English : What 's up Demi ? ) and `` Hey Fonsi '' . Fonsi told Viva Latino : `` The lyrics are very joyful . It 's that play on words , that famous clich\u00e9 of ' It 's not you , it 's me ' that many of us have used . ''","sentences":["Lovato first teased a photo from the music video shot via Instagram on October 21 , 2017 , to which Fonsi commented : `` What 's up Demi ... '' , and later posted a behind - the - scenes picture on his own Instagram , captioned : `` Finished !","It 's a wrap '' , to which Lovato replied : `` Hola Fonsi '' .","On November 1 , 2017 , MTV News reported that the collaboration will be titled `` \u00c9chame la Culpa '' , a song Fonsi has been performing solo during live shows across the summer .","In an interview with Billboard at iHeartRadio Fiesta Latina in Miami , Fonsi admitted : `` It 's a fun song , a fun record , we already filmed the video . ''","He also revealed that the song would premiere in two weeks .","In a clip shared by Billboard on November 13 , 2017 , Lovato and Fonsi can be seen meeting each other via a FaceTime call to discuss details about their collaboration .","On November 14 , 2017 , Lovato took to social media to announce the release date , along with a snippet of the song featuring only her part , as Fonsi posted a shot of himself lying in bed with pillows covered in the song 's title .","On November 17 , 2017 , Fonsi published a photo of a truck with him and Lovato on it , as well as short quotes including `` \u00bf Qu\u00e9 pasa Demi ? ''","( English : What 's up Demi ? )","and `` Hey Fonsi '' .","Fonsi told Viva Latino : `` The lyrics are very joyful .","It 's that play on words , that famous clich\u00e9 of '","It 's not you , it 's me ' that many of us have used . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8880664926379373187","input":"what do justices do in the supreme court","passages":[{"title":"Appointment and confirmation to the Supreme Court of the United States","text":"Before 1981 the approval process of Justices was usually rapid . From the Truman through Nixon administrations , Justices were typically approved within one month . From the Reagan administration to the present , however , the process has taken much longer . According to the Congressional Research Service , the average number of days from nomination to final Senate vote since 1975 is 67 days ( 2.2 months ) , while the median is 71 days ( or 2.3 months ) . Some believe this is because Congress sees Justices as playing a more political role than in the past . The perceived politicization of the process has drawn criticism . For example , columnist George F. Will termed the defeat of Robert Bork 's nomination `` unjust '' and , more generally , that the nomination process does `` not delve deeply into the nominee 's jurisprudential thinking . '' Supreme Court nominations have caused media speculation about whether the judge leans to the left , middle , or right . One indication of the politicized selection process is how much time each nominee spends being questioned under the glare of media coverage ; before 1925 , nominees were never questioned ; after 1955 , every nominee has been required to appear before the Senate Judiciary Committee and answer questions ; and the hours spent being grilled have lengthened from single digits ( before 1980 ) to double digits today . Another example of the politicization of the process was the Merrick Garland Supreme Court nomination , which remained before the Senate far longer than any other nominee .","sentences":["Before 1981 the approval process of Justices was usually rapid .","From the Truman through Nixon administrations , Justices were typically approved within one month .","From the Reagan administration to the present , however , the process has taken much longer .","According to the Congressional Research Service , the average number of days from nomination to final Senate vote since 1975 is 67 days ( 2.2 months ) , while the median is 71 days ( or 2.3 months ) .","Some believe this is because Congress sees Justices as playing a more political role than in the past .","The perceived politicization of the process has drawn criticism .","For example , columnist George F. Will termed the defeat of Robert Bork 's nomination `` unjust '' and , more generally , that the nomination process does `` not delve deeply into the nominee 's jurisprudential thinking . ''","Supreme Court nominations have caused media speculation about whether the judge leans to the left , middle , or right .","One indication of the politicized selection process is how much time each nominee spends being questioned under the glare of media coverage ; before 1925 , nominees were never questioned ; after 1955 , every nominee has been required to appear before the Senate Judiciary Committee and answer questions ; and the hours spent being grilled have lengthened from single digits ( before 1980 ) to double digits today .","Another example of the politicization of the process was the Merrick Garland Supreme Court nomination , which remained before the Senate far longer than any other nominee ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2985923371142619109","input":"where did the modern era of manufacturing primarily begin","passages":[{"title":"Modern history","text":"Few Chinese had any illusions about Japanese designs on China . Hungry for raw materials and pressed by a growing population , Japan initiated the seizure of Manchuria in September 1931 and established ex-Qing emperor Puyi as head of the puppet state of Manchukuo in 1932 . During the Sino - Japanese War ( 1937 -- 1945 ) , the loss of Manchuria , and its vast potential for industrial development and war industries , was a blow to the Kuomintang economy . The League of Nations , established at the end of World War I , was unable to act in the face of the Japanese defiance . After 1940 , conflicts between the Kuomintang and Communists became more frequent in the areas not under Japanese control . The Communists expanded their influence wherever opportunities presented themselves through mass organizations , administrative reforms , and the land - and tax - reform measures favoring the peasants -- while the Kuomintang attempted to neutralize the spread of Communist influence . Tripartite","sentences":["Few Chinese had any illusions about Japanese designs on China .","Hungry for raw materials and pressed by a growing population , Japan initiated the seizure of Manchuria in September 1931 and established ex-Qing emperor Puyi as head of the puppet state of Manchukuo in 1932 .","During the Sino - Japanese War ( 1937 -- 1945 ) , the loss of Manchuria , and its vast potential for industrial development and war industries , was a blow to the Kuomintang economy .","The League of Nations , established at the end of World War I , was unable to act in the face of the Japanese defiance .","After 1940 , conflicts between the Kuomintang and Communists became more frequent in the areas not under Japanese control .","The Communists expanded their influence wherever opportunities presented themselves through mass organizations , administrative reforms , and the land - and tax - reform measures favoring the peasants -- while the Kuomintang attempted to neutralize the spread of Communist influence .","Tripartite"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8734064130416126051","input":"when did revelations become part of the bible","passages":[{"title":"Book of Revelation","text":"Christina Rossetti was a Victorian poet who believed the sensual excitement of the natural world found its meaningful purpose in death and in God . Her The Face of the Deep is a meditation upon the Apocalypse . In her view , what Revelation has to teach is patience . Patience is the closest to perfection the human condition allows . Her book , which is largely written in prose , frequently breaks into poetry or jubilation , much like Revelation itself . The relevance of John 's visions belongs to Christians of all times as a continuous present meditation . Such matters are eternal and outside of normal human reckoning . `` That winter which will be the death of Time has no promise of termination . Winter that returns not to spring ... -- who can bear it ? '' She dealt deftly with the vengeful aspects of John 's message . `` A few are charged to do judgment ; everyone without exception is charged to show mercy . '' Her conclusion is that Christians should see John as `` representative of all his brethren '' so they should `` hope as he hoped , love as he loved . ''","sentences":["Christina Rossetti was a Victorian poet who believed the sensual excitement of the natural world found its meaningful purpose in death and in God .","Her The Face of the Deep is a meditation upon the Apocalypse .","In her view , what Revelation has to teach is patience .","Patience is the closest to perfection the human condition allows .","Her book , which is largely written in prose , frequently breaks into poetry or jubilation , much like Revelation itself .","The relevance of John 's visions belongs to Christians of all times as a continuous present meditation .","Such matters are eternal and outside of normal human reckoning .","`` That winter which will be the death of Time has no promise of termination .","Winter that returns not to spring ... -- who can bear it ? ''","She dealt deftly with the vengeful aspects of John 's message .","`` A few are charged to do judgment ; everyone without exception is charged to show mercy . ''","Her conclusion is that Christians should see John as `` representative of all his brethren '' so they should `` hope as he hoped , love as he loved . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6599038460199332308","input":"the return of superman junu and junseo 2017","passages":[{"title":"The Return of Superman (TV series)","text":"Year Award Recipient Result Ref . 2013 12th KBS Entertainment Awards Top Entertainer Award Choo Sung - hoon Won Best Male Newcomer in a Variety Show Jang Hyun - sung Nominated Producer 's Special Award Lee Hwi - jae Won Excellence Award , Male Entertainer in a Variety Show Choo Sung - hoon Nominated Tablo Nominated Top Excellence Award , Male Entertainer in a Variety Show Choo Sung - hoon Nominated Tablo Nominated Mobile TV Popularity Award Choo Sa - rang , Jang Jun - woo & Jun - seo , Lee Haru , Lee Seo - eon & Seo - jun Won Viewer 's Choice Program of the Year The Return of Superman Nominated Best Eater Choo Sarang Nominated 2014 50th Paeksang Arts Awards Best Entertainment Program The Return of Superman Nominated 13th KBS Entertainment Awards Viewer 's Choice Program of the Year Won Top Excellence Award , Male Entertainer in a Variety Show Choo Sung - hoon Won Producer 's Special Award Lee Hwi - jae Won Song Il - gook Won Mobile TV Popularity Award Choo Sa - rang , Lee Haru , Lee Seo - eon & Seo - jun , Song Dae - han , Min - guk & Man - se Won Best Scriptwriter Kim Jung - sun Won 2015 51st Paeksang Arts Awards Best Entertainment Program The Return of Superman Nominated 14th KBS Entertainment Awards Viewer 's Choice Program of the Year Nominated Male MC Newcomer Award Lee Dong - gook Nominated Best Entertainer -- Entertainment Category Won Hot Issue -- Variety Show Star Award Choo Sung - hoon Won Excellence Award -- Male Variety Category Song Il - gook Won Grand Prize ( Daesang ) Lee Hwi - jae Won 2016 15th KBS Entertainment Awards Viewer 's Choice Program of the Year The Return of Superman Nominated Mobile TV Popularity Award Lee So - eul & Da - eul , Lee Seo - eon & Seo - jun , Lee Jae - si , Jae - ah , Soo - ah , Seol - ah & Si - an , Kim Ro - Hee , Yang Joy , Oh Seo - heun , In Ha - eun Won Excellence Award -- Male Variety Category Ki Tae - young & Lee Beom - soo Won Top Excellence Award -- Male Variety Category Lee Dong - gook Won Grand Prize ( Daesang ) Lee Hwi - jae Nominated","sentences":["Year Award Recipient Result Ref .","2013 12th KBS Entertainment Awards Top Entertainer Award Choo Sung - hoon Won Best Male Newcomer in a Variety Show Jang Hyun - sung Nominated Producer 's Special Award Lee Hwi - jae Won Excellence Award , Male Entertainer in a Variety Show Choo Sung - hoon Nominated Tablo Nominated Top Excellence Award , Male Entertainer in a Variety Show Choo Sung - hoon Nominated Tablo Nominated Mobile TV Popularity Award Choo Sa - rang , Jang Jun - woo & Jun - seo , Lee Haru , Lee Seo - eon & Seo - jun Won Viewer 's Choice Program of the Year","The Return of Superman Nominated Best Eater Choo Sarang Nominated 2014 50th Paeksang Arts Awards Best Entertainment Program","The Return of Superman Nominated 13th KBS Entertainment Awards Viewer 's Choice Program of the Year Won Top Excellence Award , Male Entertainer in a Variety Show Choo Sung - hoon Won Producer 's Special Award Lee Hwi - jae Won Song Il - gook Won Mobile TV Popularity Award Choo Sa - rang , Lee Haru , Lee Seo - eon & Seo - jun , Song Dae - han , Min - guk & Man - se Won Best Scriptwriter Kim Jung - sun Won 2015 51st Paeksang Arts Awards Best Entertainment Program","The Return of Superman Nominated 14th KBS Entertainment Awards Viewer 's Choice Program of the Year Nominated Male MC Newcomer Award Lee Dong - gook Nominated Best Entertainer -- Entertainment Category Won Hot Issue -- Variety Show Star Award Choo Sung - hoon Won Excellence Award -- Male Variety Category Song Il - gook Won Grand Prize ( Daesang )","Lee Hwi - jae Won 2016 15th KBS Entertainment Awards Viewer 's Choice Program of the Year The Return of Superman Nominated Mobile TV Popularity Award Lee So - eul & Da - eul , Lee Seo - eon & Seo - jun , Lee Jae - si , Jae - ah , Soo - ah , Seol - ah & Si - an , Kim Ro - Hee , Yang Joy ,","Oh Seo - heun , In Ha - eun Won Excellence Award -- Male Variety Category Ki Tae - young & Lee Beom - soo","Won Top Excellence Award -- Male Variety Category Lee Dong - gook Won Grand Prize ( Daesang )","Lee Hwi - jae Nominated"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3464563710795800365","input":"why was there a war between the hutu and the tutsi","passages":[{"title":"Rwandan genocide","text":"The infrastructure and economy of the country had suffered greatly during the genocide . Many buildings were uninhabitable , and the former regime had carried with them all currency and moveable assets when they fled the country . Human resources were also severely depleted , with over 7001400000000000000 \u2660 40 % of the population having been killed or fled . Many of the remainder were traumatised : most had lost relatives , witnessed killings or participated in the genocide . The long - term effects of war rape in Rwanda for the victims include social isolation , sexually transmitted diseases , unwanted pregnancies and babies , with some women resorting to self - induced abortions . The army , led by Paul Kagame , maintained law and order while the government began the work of rebuilding the country 's structures .","sentences":["The infrastructure and economy of the country had suffered greatly during the genocide .","Many buildings were uninhabitable , and the former regime had carried with them all currency and moveable assets when they fled the country .","Human resources were also severely depleted , with over 7001400000000000000 \u2660 40 % of the population having been killed or fled .","Many of the remainder were traumatised : most had lost relatives , witnessed killings or participated in the genocide .","The long - term effects of war rape in Rwanda for the victims include social isolation , sexually transmitted diseases , unwanted pregnancies and babies , with some women resorting to self - induced abortions .","The army , led by Paul Kagame , maintained law and order while the government began the work of rebuilding the country 's structures ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6594429267575071429","input":"what is the difference between primary and archaeological sources","passages":[{"title":"Primary source","text":"In the UK , the National Archives provides a consolidated search of its own catalogue and a wide variety of other archives listed on the Access to Archives index . Digital copies of various classes of documents at the National Archives ( including wills ) are available from DocumentsOnline . Most of the available documents relate to England and Wales . Some digital copies of primary sources are available from the National Archives of Scotland . Many County Record Offices collections are included in Access to Archives , while others have their own on - line catalogues . Many County Record Offices will supply digital copies of documents .","sentences":["In the UK , the National Archives provides a consolidated search of its own catalogue and a wide variety of other archives listed on the Access to Archives index .","Digital copies of various classes of documents at the National Archives ( including wills ) are available from DocumentsOnline .","Most of the available documents relate to England and Wales .","Some digital copies of primary sources are available from the National Archives of Scotland .","Many County Record Offices collections are included in Access to Archives , while others have their own on - line catalogues .","Many County Record Offices will supply digital copies of documents ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7858300129300251162","input":"there is no more massive member of group 2","passages":[{"title":"Dyatlov Pass incident","text":"The location of the incident did not have any obvious signs of an avalanche having taken place . An avalanche would have left certain patterns and debris distributed over a wide area . The bodies found within ten days of the event were covered with a very shallow layer of snow and , had there been an avalanche of sufficient strength to sweep away the second party , these bodies would have been swept away as well ; this would have caused more serious and different injuries in the process and would have damaged the tree line . Over 100 expeditions to the region were held since the incident , and none of them ever reported conditions that might create an avalanche . A study of the area using up - to - date terrain - related physics revealed that the location was entirely unlikely for such an avalanche to have occurred . The `` dangerous conditions '' found in another nearby area ( which had significantly steeper slopes and cornices ) were observed in April and May when the snowfalls of winter were melting . During February , when the incident occurred , there were no such conditions . An analysis of the terrain , the slope and the incline indicates that even if there could have been a very specific avalanche that circumvents the other criticisms , its trajectory would have bypassed the tent . It had collapsed laterally but not horizontally . Dyatlov was an experienced skier and the much older Alexander Zolotaryov was studying for his Masters Certificate in ski instruction and mountain hiking . Neither of these two men would have been likely to camp anywhere in the path of a potential avalanche .","sentences":["The location of the incident did not have any obvious signs of an avalanche having taken place .","An avalanche would have left certain patterns and debris distributed over a wide area .","The bodies found within ten days of the event were covered with a very shallow layer of snow and , had there been an avalanche of sufficient strength to sweep away the second party , these bodies would have been swept away as well ; this would have caused more serious and different injuries in the process and would have damaged the tree line .","Over 100 expeditions to the region were held since the incident , and none of them ever reported conditions that might create an avalanche .","A study of the area using up - to - date terrain - related physics revealed that the location was entirely unlikely for such an avalanche to have occurred .","The `` dangerous conditions '' found in another nearby area ( which had significantly steeper slopes and cornices ) were observed in April and May when the snowfalls of winter were melting .","During February , when the incident occurred , there were no such conditions .","An analysis of the terrain , the slope and the incline indicates that even if there could have been a very specific avalanche that circumvents the other criticisms , its trajectory would have bypassed the tent .","It had collapsed laterally but not horizontally .","Dyatlov was an experienced skier and the much older Alexander Zolotaryov was studying for his Masters Certificate in ski instruction and mountain hiking .","Neither of these two men would have been likely to camp anywhere in the path of a potential avalanche ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8863304614401214485","input":"who is being murdered on days of our lives","passages":[{"title":"Will Horton","text":"Will 's parents , Sami and Lucas , have an on - and off - relationship over the years , and this affects Will . The Sony Pictures web page for Will stated his `` turbulent upbringing '' makes the young Will `` moody and suspicious '' , but About.com 's profile on the character says Will overcame the turmoil of his upbringing , and grew up to be a `` kind - hearted '' and `` level - headed '' teenager . In an early interview , Massey said Will is `` a great guy ... he kind of had an interesting upbringing , but he turned out to be a really good kid , very forgiving . '' Massey added : `` He does n't like being lied to , definitely , but that happens all the time to him . He 's very mature for his age . Sometimes it seems like he is the parent in the relationship '' ( with his mom Sami ) .","sentences":["Will 's parents , Sami and Lucas , have an on - and off - relationship over the years , and this affects Will .","The Sony Pictures web page for Will stated his `` turbulent upbringing '' makes the young Will `` moody and suspicious '' , but About.com 's profile on the character says Will overcame the turmoil of his upbringing , and grew up to be a `` kind - hearted '' and `` level - headed '' teenager .","In an early interview , Massey said Will is `` a great guy ...","he kind of had an interesting upbringing , but he turned out to be a really good kid , very forgiving . ''","Massey added : `` He does n't like being lied to , definitely , but that happens all the time to him .","He 's very mature for his age .","Sometimes it seems like he is the parent in the relationship '' ( with his mom Sami ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3687702615068141108","input":"where do the great treasures of ancient art belong","passages":[{"title":"Repatriation (cultural heritage)","text":"During an August 2005 diplomatic session in North Korea , former U.S. Ambassador to South Korea Donald Gregg received verbal indications from high - ranking North Korean officials that the state would be willing to repatriate the USS Pueblo to United States authorities , on the condition that a prominent U.S. government official , such as the Secretary of State , come to Pyongyang for high level talks . While the U.S. government has publicly stated on several occasions that the return of the still commissioned Navy vessel is a priority , the current overall situation of U.S. and North Korean relations makes such an official state visit unlikely . Former Pueblo crew members William Thomas Massie , Dunnie Richard Tuck , Donald Raymond McClarren , and Lloyd Bucher sued the North Korean government for the abuse they suffered at its hands during their captivity . North Korea did not respond to the suit . In December 2008 , U.S. District Judge Henry H. Kennedy , Jr. in Washington , D.C. awarded the plaintiffs $65 million in damages , describing their ill treatment by North Korea as `` extensive and shocking . '' The plaintiffs , as of October 2009 , were attempting to collect the judgment from North Korean assets frozen by the U.S. government .","sentences":["During an August 2005 diplomatic session in North Korea , former U.S. Ambassador to South Korea Donald Gregg received verbal indications from high - ranking North Korean officials that the state would be willing to repatriate the USS Pueblo to United States authorities , on the condition that a prominent U.S. government official , such as the Secretary of State , come to Pyongyang for high level talks .","While the U.S. government has publicly stated on several occasions that the return of the still commissioned Navy vessel is a priority , the current overall situation of U.S. and North Korean relations makes such an official state visit unlikely .","Former Pueblo crew members William Thomas Massie , Dunnie Richard Tuck , Donald Raymond McClarren , and Lloyd Bucher sued the North Korean government for the abuse they suffered at its hands during their captivity .","North Korea did not respond to the suit .","In December 2008 , U.S. District Judge Henry H. Kennedy , Jr. in Washington , D.C. awarded the plaintiffs $65 million in damages , describing their ill treatment by North Korea as `` extensive and shocking . ''","The plaintiffs , as of October 2009 , were attempting to collect the judgment from North Korean assets frozen by the U.S. government ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4787334632437084357","input":"which decade saw the development of television and the beginnings of the space race","passages":[{"title":"Space Race","text":"On April 24 , 1967 , the single pilot of Soyuz 1 , Vladimir Komarov , became the first in - flight spaceflight fatality . The mission was planned to be a three - day test , to include the first Soviet docking with an unpiloted Soyuz 2 , but the mission was plagued with problems . Early on , Komarov 's craft lacked sufficient electrical power because only one of two solar panels had deployed . Then the automatic attitude control system began malfunctioning and eventually failed completely , resulting in the craft spinning wildly . Komarov was able to stop the spin with the manual system , which was only partially effective . The flight controllers aborted his mission after only one day . During the emergency re-entry , a fault in the landing parachute system caused the primary chute to fail , and the reserve chute became tangled with the drogue chute ; Komarov was killed on impact . Fixing the spacecraft faults caused an eighteen - month delay before piloted Soyuz flights could resume .","sentences":["On April 24 , 1967 , the single pilot of Soyuz 1 , Vladimir Komarov , became the first in - flight spaceflight fatality .","The mission was planned to be a three - day test , to include the first Soviet docking with an unpiloted Soyuz 2 , but the mission was plagued with problems .","Early on , Komarov 's craft lacked sufficient electrical power because only one of two solar panels had deployed .","Then the automatic attitude control system began malfunctioning and eventually failed completely , resulting in the craft spinning wildly .","Komarov was able to stop the spin with the manual system , which was only partially effective .","The flight controllers aborted his mission after only one day .","During the emergency re-entry , a fault in the landing parachute system caused the primary chute to fail , and the reserve chute became tangled with the drogue chute ; Komarov was killed on impact .","Fixing the spacecraft faults caused an eighteen - month delay before piloted Soyuz flights could resume ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1083595222203077649","input":"is this the last nascar race of the season","passages":[{"title":"2017 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series","text":"No . Race Pole position Most laps led Winning driver Manufacturer Report 001 ! Advance Auto Parts Clash Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Logano , Joey Joey Logano Ford Report 002 ! Can - Am Duel 1 Elliott , Chase Chase Elliott Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Elliott , Chase Chase Elliott Chevrolet Report 003 ! Can - Am Duel 2 Earnhardt Jr. , Dale Dale Earnhardt Jr . Earnhardt Jr. , Dale Dale Earnhardt Jr . Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Toyota 01 ! 1 Daytona 500 Elliott , Chase Chase Elliott Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Busch , Kurt Kurt Busch Ford Report 02 ! 2 Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500 Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Ford Report 03 ! 3 Kobalt 400 Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Toyota Report 04 ! 4 Camping World 500 Logano , Joey Joey Logano Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Newman , Ryan Ryan Newman Chevrolet Report 05 ! 5 Auto Club 400 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Chevrolet Report 06 ! 6 STP 500 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Ford Report 07 ! 7 O'Reilly Auto Parts 500 Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Johnson , Jimmie Jimmie Johnson Chevrolet Report 08 ! 8 Food City 500 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Johnson , Jimmie Jimmie Johnson Chevrolet Report 09 ! 9 Toyota Owners 400 Kenseth , Matt Matt Kenseth Kenseth , Matt Matt Kenseth Logano , Joey Joey Logano Ford Report 10 ! 10 GEICO 500 Stenhouse Jr. , Ricky Ricky Stenhouse Jr . Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Stenhouse Jr. , Ricky Ricky Stenhouse Jr . Ford Report 11 ! 11 Go Bowling 400 Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Toyota Report 003 ! Monster Energy Open Bowyer , Clint Clint Bowyer Bowyer , Clint Clint Bowyer Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Su\u00e1rez , Daniel Daniel Su\u00e1rez Toyota Report 004 ! Monster Energy NASCAR All - Star Race Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota 12 ! 12 Coca - Cola 600 Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Dillon , Austin Austin Dillon Chevrolet Report 13 ! 13 AAA 400 Drive for Autism Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Johnson , Jimmie Jimmie Johnson Chevrolet Report 14 ! 14 Axalta presents the Pocono 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Ford Report 15 ! 15 FireKeepers Casino 400 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Chevrolet Report 16 ! 16 Toyota \/ Save Mart 350 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Ford Report 17 ! 17 Coke Zero 400 Earnhardt Jr. , Dale Dale Earnhardt Jr . Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Stenhouse Jr. , Ricky Ricky Stenhouse Jr . Ford Report 18 ! 18 Quaker State 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Toyota Report 19 ! 19 Overton 's 301 Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Toyota Report 20 ! 20 Brantley Gilbert Big Machine Brickyard 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Kahne , Kasey Kasey Kahne Chevrolet Report 21 ! 21 Overton 's 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report 22 ! 22 I Love New York 355 at The Glen Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Toyota Report 23 ! 23 Pure Michigan 400 Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Chevrolet Report 24 ! 24 Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race Jones , Erik Erik Jones Jones , Erik Erik Jones Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report 25 ! 25 Bojangles ' Southern 500 Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Toyota Report 26 ! 26 Federated Auto Parts 400 Kenseth , Matt Matt Kenseth Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Chevrolet Report Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Playoffs Round of 16 27 ! 27 Tales of the Turtles 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Toyota Report 28 ! 28 ISM Connect 300 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report 29 ! 29 Apache Warrior 400 Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Elliott , Chase Chase Elliott Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report Round of 12 30 ! 30 Bank of America 500 Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Toyota Report 31 ! 31 Alabama 500 Earnhardt Jr. , Dale Dale Earnhardt Jr . Logano , Joey Joey Logano Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Ford Report 32 ! 32 Hollywood Casino 400 Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Toyota Report Round of 8 33 ! 33 First Data 500 Logano , Joey Joey Logano Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report 34 ! 34 AAA Texas 500 Busch , Kurt Kurt Busch Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Ford Report 35 ! 35 Can - Am 500 Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Kenseth , Matt Matt Kenseth Toyota Report Championship 4 36 ! 36 Ford EcoBoost 400 Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr . Toyota Report","sentences":["No .","Race Pole position Most laps led Winning driver Manufacturer Report 001 !","Advance Auto Parts Clash Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Logano , Joey Joey Logano Ford Report 002 !","Can - Am Duel 1 Elliott , Chase Chase Elliott Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Elliott , Chase Chase Elliott Chevrolet Report 003 !","Can - Am Duel 2 Earnhardt Jr. , Dale Dale Earnhardt Jr .","Earnhardt Jr. ,","Dale Dale Earnhardt Jr .","Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Toyota 01 !","1","Daytona 500 Elliott , Chase Chase Elliott Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Busch , Kurt Kurt Busch Ford Report 02 !","2 Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500 Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Ford Report 03 !","3","Kobalt 400 Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Truex Jr. ,","Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Toyota Report 04 !","4 Camping World 500 Logano , Joey Joey Logano Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Newman , Ryan Ryan Newman Chevrolet Report 05 !","5 Auto Club 400 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Chevrolet Report 06 !","6 STP 500 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Ford Report 07 !","7","O'Reilly Auto Parts 500 Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Johnson , Jimmie Jimmie Johnson Chevrolet Report 08 !","8 Food City 500 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Johnson , Jimmie Jimmie Johnson Chevrolet Report 09 !","9 Toyota Owners 400 Kenseth , Matt Matt Kenseth Kenseth , Matt Matt Kenseth Logano , Joey Joey Logano Ford Report 10 !","10 GEICO 500 Stenhouse Jr. , Ricky Ricky Stenhouse Jr .","Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Stenhouse Jr. , Ricky Ricky Stenhouse","Jr .","Ford Report 11 !","11 Go Bowling 400 Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Truex Jr. ,","Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Toyota Report 003 !","Monster Energy Open Bowyer , Clint Clint Bowyer Bowyer , Clint Clint Bowyer Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Su\u00e1rez , Daniel Daniel Su\u00e1rez Toyota Report 004 !","Monster Energy NASCAR All - Star Race Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota 12 !","12 Coca - Cola 600 Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Dillon , Austin Austin Dillon Chevrolet Report 13 !","13 AAA 400 Drive for Autism Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Johnson , Jimmie Jimmie Johnson Chevrolet Report 14 !","14","Axalta presents the Pocono 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Ford Report 15 !","15 FireKeepers Casino 400 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Chevrolet Report 16 !","16","Toyota \/ Save Mart 350 Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Ford Report 17 !","17 Coke Zero 400","Earnhardt Jr. ,","Dale Dale Earnhardt Jr .","Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Stenhouse Jr. , Ricky Ricky Stenhouse Jr .","Ford Report 18 !","18 Quaker State 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Toyota Report 19 !","19","Overton 's 301 Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Truex Jr. ,","Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Toyota Report 20 !","20 Brantley Gilbert Big Machine Brickyard 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Kahne , Kasey Kasey Kahne Chevrolet Report 21 !","21","Overton 's 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report 22 !","22","I Love New York 355 at The Glen Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Truex Jr. ,","Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Toyota Report 23 !","23 Pure Michigan 400 Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Chevrolet Report 24 !","24 Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race Jones , Erik Erik Jones Jones , Erik Erik Jones Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report 25 !","25 Bojangles ' Southern 500 Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Toyota Report 26 !","26 Federated Auto Parts 400 Kenseth , Matt Matt Kenseth Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Chevrolet Report Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Playoffs Round of 16 27 !","27 Tales of the Turtles 400 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Toyota Report 28 !","28 ISM Connect 300 Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report 29 !","29 Apache Warrior 400 Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Elliott , Chase Chase Elliott Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report Round of 12 30 !","30 Bank of America 500 Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Toyota Report 31 !","31","Alabama 500 Earnhardt Jr. , Dale Dale Earnhardt Jr .","Logano , Joey Joey Logano Keselowski , Brad Brad Keselowski Ford Report 32 !","32","Hollywood Casino 400 Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Truex Jr. , Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Toyota Report Round of 8 33 !","33 First Data 500 Logano , Joey Joey Logano Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Busch , Kyle Kyle Busch Toyota Report 34 !","34 AAA Texas 500 Busch , Kurt Kurt Busch Truex Jr. ,","Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Harvick , Kevin Kevin Harvick Ford Report 35 !","35 Can - Am 500 Blaney , Ryan Ryan Blaney Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Kenseth , Matt Matt Kenseth Toyota Report Championship 4 36 !","36 Ford EcoBoost 400 Hamlin , Denny Denny Hamlin Larson , Kyle Kyle Larson Truex Jr. ,","Martin Martin Truex Jr .","Toyota Report"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6929794133189816157","input":"when do the kansas city chiefs play their first game","passages":[{"title":"Kansas City Chiefs","text":"The franchise was founded in 1959 by Lamar Hunt after a failed attempt by Hunt to purchase an NFL franchise and relocate them to Texas . remained the team 's owner until his death in 2006 . The Hunt family kept ownership of the team following Lamar 's death and Clark Hunt , Lamar 's son , represents the family 's interests . While Hunt 's official title is Chairman of the Board , he serves as the franchise 's de facto owner . In 2010 , Hunt assumed role as CEO alongside his role as Chairman of the Board . According to Forbes , the team is valued at just under $1 billion and ranks 20th among NFL teams in 2010 .","sentences":["The franchise was founded in 1959 by Lamar Hunt after a failed attempt by Hunt to purchase an NFL franchise and relocate them to Texas .","remained the team 's owner until his death in 2006 .","The Hunt family kept ownership of the team following Lamar 's death and Clark Hunt , Lamar 's son , represents the family 's interests .","While Hunt 's official title is Chairman of the Board , he serves as the franchise 's de facto owner .","In 2010 , Hunt assumed role as CEO alongside his role as Chairman of the Board .","According to Forbes , the team is valued at just under $1 billion and ranks 20th among NFL teams in 2010 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8750539035421228877","input":"in the archie comics who does archie end up with","passages":[{"title":"Archie Marries Veronica\/Archie Marries Betty","text":"The wedding goes smoothly . Mr. and Mrs. Lodge walk Veronica down the aisle as all of Riverdale watches . Archie and Veronica become husband and wife as Betty looks on tearfully , but happily . At the reception , Archie and Veronica share their first dance to `` Sugar , Sugar '' , speeches are made , the cake is cut , and the bouquet is tossed . Betty catches it and walks away trying to hide her tears . Veronica catches up to her to make sure she 's okay . Archie and Veronica then depart on their honeymoon to a remote island in the Caribbean owned by the Lodges .","sentences":["The wedding goes smoothly .","Mr. and Mrs. Lodge walk Veronica down the aisle as all of Riverdale watches .","Archie and Veronica become husband and wife as Betty looks on tearfully , but happily .","At the reception , Archie and Veronica share their first dance to `` Sugar , Sugar '' , speeches are made , the cake is cut , and the bouquet is tossed .","Betty catches it and walks away trying to hide her tears .","Veronica catches up to her to make sure she 's okay .","Archie and Veronica then depart on their honeymoon to a remote island in the Caribbean owned by the Lodges ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2833325493790566977","input":"when was the vietnam war broadcasted on tv","passages":[{"title":"United States news media and the Vietnam War","text":"The first editorial about the rise of communism in Vietnam was published by The New York Times in January 1955 . In the same way after the United States threw its weight behind Ngo Dinh Diem , who became South Vietnam 's president in 1955 , journals in the United States ignored the new leader 's despotic tendencies and instead highlighted his anticommunism . The death of civilians in a coup against President Diem at the end of 1960 started to change how Vietnam was viewed by the media . As a result , the New York Times sent the first reporter to Saigon , the capital of South Vietnam . This was followed by other journalists arriving from Reuters , AFP , Time and Newsweek . The basic policy governing how the US mission in Saigon handled these reporters reflected the way the administration of President John F. Kennedy conceived of the American role in the war . Under that framework , the Americans ' role in South Vietnam was only to render advice and support in that nation 's war against the Communists .","sentences":["The first editorial about the rise of communism in Vietnam was published by The New York Times in January 1955 .","In the same way after the United States threw its weight behind Ngo Dinh Diem , who became South Vietnam 's president in 1955 , journals in the United States ignored the new leader 's despotic tendencies and instead highlighted his anticommunism .","The death of civilians in a coup against President Diem at the end of 1960 started to change how Vietnam was viewed by the media .","As a result , the New York Times sent the first reporter to Saigon , the capital of South Vietnam .","This was followed by other journalists arriving from Reuters , AFP , Time and Newsweek .","The basic policy governing how the US mission in Saigon handled these reporters reflected the way the administration of President John F. Kennedy conceived of the American role in the war .","Under that framework , the Americans ' role in South Vietnam was only to render advice and support in that nation 's war against the Communists ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3828352700538209703","input":"where is 12 pack from i love new york from","passages":[{"title":"I Love New York (season 1)","text":"Tango Patrick S. Hunter and New York reunited to Macy Gray 's `` Glad You 're Here '' after not being able to see each other after the finale . Never before seen clips were shown of New York 's reaction to Tango 's proposal . He then went to get his `` mother - in - law '' while she still was confused and requested a drink . In an attempt to not tell her mother about the engagement , she hid the ring in her mouth . Sister Patterson found the ring and said it was too small . Tango became upset after watching the show and the comments New York made about his mother being too plain and overweight . He broke up with New York on stage , declaring that he originally came on the show to get to know Tiffany , the person ; however , he received the notorious persona of `` New York , '' which he had always dreaded . New York attempted to attack him and then made insulting comments about his appearance and physical assets , specifically calling him out on his inadequate penis size . She then cried onstage and said that she will not let it hurt her . She then told Chance that she should have chose him . La La comforted her by asking if she really wanted to be with someone like Tango . La La then ask New York if she knew in advance about Tango 's decision to end the relationship to which New York replied `` No '' . It was later revealed on VH1 's website that Tango had already forgiven New York , before the reunion , for her remarks about his mother ; however , the sudden angry attitude about her disrespecting his mother during the reunion show was just a plot to get himself out of the relationship he had committed to New York .","sentences":["Tango Patrick S. Hunter and New York reunited to Macy Gray 's `` Glad You 're Here '' after not being able to see each other after the finale .","Never before seen clips were shown of New York 's reaction to Tango 's proposal .","He then went to get his `` mother - in - law '' while she still was confused and requested a drink .","In an attempt to not tell her mother about the engagement , she hid the ring in her mouth .","Sister Patterson found the ring and said it was too small .","Tango became upset after watching the show and the comments New York made about his mother being too plain and overweight .","He broke up with New York on stage , declaring that he originally came on the show to get to know Tiffany , the person ; however , he received the notorious persona of `` New York , '' which he had always dreaded .","New York attempted to attack him and then made insulting comments about his appearance and physical assets , specifically calling him out on his inadequate penis size .","She then cried onstage and said that she will not let it hurt her .","She then told Chance that she should have chose him .","La La comforted her by asking if she really wanted to be with someone like Tango .","La La then ask New York if she knew in advance about Tango 's decision to end the relationship to which New York replied `` No '' .","It was later revealed on VH1 's website that Tango had already forgiven New York , before the reunion , for her remarks about his mother ; however , the sudden angry attitude about her disrespecting his mother during the reunion show was just a plot to get himself out of the relationship he had committed to New York ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4019203529918902590","input":"what was the reaction of kulaks to collectivizing agriculture be specific","passages":[{"title":"Collectivization in the Soviet Union","text":"After these deportations , the pace of collectivization increased as a flood of farmers rushed into kolkhozes . Within two weeks 1740 new kolkhozes were established and by the end of 1950 , just 4.5 % of Latvian farmsteads remained outside the collectivized units ; about 226,900 farmsteads belonged to collectives , of which there were now around 14,700 . Rural life changed as farmers ' daily movements were dictated to by plans , decisions and quotas formulated elsewhere and delivered through an intermediate non-farming hierarchy . The new kolkhozes , especially smaller ones , were ill - equipped and poor -- at first farmers were paid once a year in kind and then in cash , but salaries were very small and at times farmers went unpaid or even ended up owing money to the kholhoz . Farmers still had small pieces of land ( not larger than 0.5 ha ) around their houses where they grew food for themselves . Along with collectivization , the government tried to uproot the custom of living in individual farmsteads by resettling people in villages . However this process failed due to lack of money since the Soviets planned to move houses as well .","sentences":["After these deportations , the pace of collectivization increased as a flood of farmers rushed into kolkhozes .","Within two weeks 1740 new kolkhozes were established and by the end of 1950 , just 4.5 % of Latvian farmsteads remained outside the collectivized units ; about 226,900 farmsteads belonged to collectives , of which there were now around 14,700 .","Rural life changed as farmers ' daily movements were dictated to by plans , decisions and quotas formulated elsewhere and delivered through an intermediate non-farming hierarchy .","The new kolkhozes , especially smaller ones , were ill - equipped and poor -- at first farmers were paid once a year in kind and then in cash , but salaries were very small and at times farmers went unpaid or even ended up owing money to the kholhoz .","Farmers still had small pieces of land ( not larger than 0.5 ha ) around their houses where they grew food for themselves .","Along with collectivization , the government tried to uproot the custom of living in individual farmsteads by resettling people in villages .","However this process failed due to lack of money since the Soviets planned to move houses as well ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8759069320248444713","input":"who won the war of the grand alliance","passages":[{"title":"Nine Years' War","text":"In the Spanish Netherlands Luxembourg still had 100,000 men ; but he was outnumbered . Lacking sufficient supplies to mount an attack Luxembourg was unable to prevent the Allies garrisoning Dixmude and , on 27 September 1694 , recapturing Huy , an essential preliminary to future operations against Namur . Elsewhere , de Lorge marched and manoeuvred against Baden on the Rhine with undramatic results before the campaign petered out in October ; while in Italy , the continuing problems with French finance and a complete breakdown in the supply chain prevented Catinat 's push into Piedmont . However , in Catalonia the fighting proved more eventful . On 27 May Marshal Noailles , supported by French warships , soundly defeated the Marquis of Escalona 's Spanish forces at the Battle of Torroella on the banks of the river Ter ; the French proceeded to take Palam\u00f3s on 10 June , Gerona on 29 June , and Hostalric , opening the route to Barcelona . With the Spanish King threatening to make a separate peace with France unless the Allies came to his assistance William III prepared the Anglo - Dutch fleet for action . Part of the fleet under Admiral Berkeley would remain in the north , first leading the disastrous amphibious assault on Brest on 18 June , before bombarding French coastal defences at Dieppe , Saint - Malo , Le Havre , and Calais . The remainder of the fleet under Admiral Russell was ordered to the Mediterranean , linking up with Spanish vessels off Cadiz . The Allied naval presence compelled the French fleet back to the safety of Toulon , which , in turn , forced Noailles to withdraw to the line of the Ter , harassed en route by General Trinxer\u00eda 's miquelets . By shielding Barcelona in this way the Allies kept Spain in the war for two more years . Siege","sentences":["In the Spanish Netherlands Luxembourg still had 100,000 men ; but he was outnumbered .","Lacking sufficient supplies to mount an attack Luxembourg was unable to prevent the Allies garrisoning Dixmude and , on 27 September 1694 , recapturing Huy , an essential preliminary to future operations against Namur .","Elsewhere , de Lorge marched and manoeuvred against Baden on the Rhine with undramatic results before the campaign petered out in October ; while in Italy , the continuing problems with French finance and a complete breakdown in the supply chain prevented Catinat 's push into Piedmont .","However , in Catalonia the fighting proved more eventful .","On 27 May Marshal Noailles , supported by French warships , soundly defeated the Marquis of Escalona 's Spanish forces at the Battle of Torroella on the banks of the river Ter ; the French proceeded to take Palam\u00f3s on 10 June , Gerona on 29 June , and Hostalric , opening the route to Barcelona .","With the Spanish King threatening to make a separate peace with France unless the Allies came to his assistance William III prepared the Anglo - Dutch fleet for action .","Part of the fleet under Admiral Berkeley would remain in the north , first leading the disastrous amphibious assault on Brest on 18 June , before bombarding French coastal defences at Dieppe , Saint - Malo , Le Havre , and Calais .","The remainder of the fleet under Admiral Russell was ordered to the Mediterranean , linking up with Spanish vessels off Cadiz .","The Allied naval presence compelled the French fleet back to the safety of Toulon , which , in turn , forced Noailles to withdraw to the line of the Ter , harassed en route by General Trinxer\u00eda 's miquelets .","By shielding Barcelona in this way the Allies kept Spain in the war for two more years .","Siege"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7937997040883505959","input":"where did they find the heart of the ocean","passages":[{"title":"Heart of the Ocean","text":"The third and final design was not used in the film . After the film 's success , Asprey & Garrard were commissioned to create an authentic Heart of the Ocean necklace using the original design . The result was a platinum - set , 171 - carat ( 34.2 g ) heart - shaped Ceylon sapphire surrounded by 103 diamonds . This design featured a much larger inverted pear shaped Ceylon sapphire with a subtle cleft to resemble a heart . The chain for this necklace also featured a mix of round , pear , and marquise cut white diamonds . The bail also featured a heart cut white diamond with another round cut diamond attached to an inverted pear shape diamond which was then attached to the cage of the main stone . The necklace was donated to Sotheby 's auction house in Beverly Hills for an auction benefiting the Diana , Princess of Wales Memorial Fund and Southern California 's Aid For AIDS . It was sold to an unidentified Asprey client for $1.4 million , under the agreement that Celine Dion would wear it two nights later at the 1998 Academy Awards ceremony . This necklace has since not been made available for public viewing .","sentences":["The third and final design was not used in the film .","After the film 's success , Asprey & Garrard were commissioned to create an authentic Heart of the Ocean necklace using the original design .","The result was a platinum - set , 171 - carat ( 34.2 g ) heart - shaped Ceylon sapphire surrounded by 103 diamonds .","This design featured a much larger inverted pear shaped Ceylon sapphire with a subtle cleft to resemble a heart .","The chain for this necklace also featured a mix of round , pear , and marquise cut white diamonds .","The bail also featured a heart cut white diamond with another round cut diamond attached to an inverted pear shape diamond which was then attached to the cage of the main stone .","The necklace was donated to Sotheby 's auction house in Beverly Hills for an auction benefiting the Diana , Princess of Wales Memorial Fund and Southern California 's Aid For AIDS .","It was sold to an unidentified Asprey client for $1.4 million , under the agreement that Celine Dion would wear it two nights later at the 1998 Academy Awards ceremony .","This necklace has since not been made available for public viewing ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2251823375644851810","input":"when does it get dark in new york december","passages":[{"title":"Banksy","text":"Banksy started as a freehand graffiti artist in 1990 -- 1994 as one of Bristol 's DryBreadZ Crew ( DBZ ) , with two other artists known as Kato and Tes . Banksy was inspired by local artists and their work was part of the larger Bristol underground scene with Nick Walker , Inkie and 3D . During this time Banksy met Bristol photographer Steve Lazarides , who began selling Banksy 's work , later becoming their agent . By 2000 Banksy had turned to the art of stencilling after realising how much less time it took to complete a work . Banksy claims they changed to stencilling while hiding from the police under a rubbish lorry , when they noticed the stencilled serial number and by employing this technique , they soon became more widely noticed for their art around Bristol and London . Banksy was the goalkeeper for the Easton Cowboys and Cowgirls football team in the 1990s , and toured with the club to Mexico in 2001 . Banksy 's first known large wall mural was The Mild Mild West painted in 1997 to cover advertising of a former solicitors ' office on Stokes Croft in Bristol . It depicts a teddy bear lobbing a Molotov cocktail at three riot police .","sentences":["Banksy started as a freehand graffiti artist in 1990 -- 1994 as one of Bristol 's DryBreadZ Crew ( DBZ ) , with two other artists known as Kato and Tes .","Banksy was inspired by local artists and their work was part of the larger Bristol underground scene with Nick Walker , Inkie and 3D .","During this time Banksy met Bristol photographer Steve Lazarides , who began selling Banksy 's work , later becoming their agent .","By 2000 Banksy had turned to the art of stencilling after realising how much less time it took to complete a work .","Banksy claims they changed to stencilling while hiding from the police under a rubbish lorry , when they noticed the stencilled serial number and by employing this technique , they soon became more widely noticed for their art around Bristol and London .","Banksy was the goalkeeper for the Easton Cowboys and Cowgirls football team in the 1990s , and toured with the club to Mexico in 2001 .","Banksy 's first known large wall mural was The Mild Mild West painted in 1997 to cover advertising of a former solicitors ' office on Stokes Croft in Bristol .","It depicts a teddy bear lobbing a Molotov cocktail at three riot police ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3580898920021122041","input":"who is not against us is for us","passages":[{"title":"You're either with us, or against us","text":"From the Book of Joshua ( Chap. 5 : 13 ) : `` It happened , when Joshua was by Jericho , that he lifted up his eyes and looked , and behold , a man stood in front of him with his sword drawn in his hand . Joshua went to him , and said to him , `` Are you for us , or for our adversaries ? '' `` . The Synoptic Gospels attribute the following quote to Jesus : `` Whoever is not with me is against me , and whoever does not gather with me scatters '' ( Matthew 12 : 30 ) , as well as its contrapositive , `` Whoever is not against us is for us '' ( Luke 9 : 50 ; Mark 9 : 40 ) . Marcus Tullius Cicero , in an oration before Julius Caesar in 46 BCE , published as Pro Ligario , made the following distinction : `` For we heard you say that we looked upon all as enemies that were not with us ; but that you looked upon all as friends that were not against you . '' Vladimir Ilyich Lenin , in a speech discussing the Chief Committee for Political Education , told the assembled delegates that `` It is with absolute frankness that we speak of this struggle of the proletariat ; each man must choose between joining our side or the other side . Any attempt to avoid taking sides in this issue must end in fiasco . '' George Orwell wrote in his 1942 essay `` Pacifism and the War '' , `` If you hamper the war effort of one side you automatically help that of the other . Nor is there any real way of remaining outside such a war as the present one . In practice , ' he that is not with me is against me ' . The idea that you can somehow remain aloof from and superior to the struggle , while living on food which British sailors have to risk their lives to bring you , is a bourgeois illusion bred of money and security . '' Benito Mussolini declared in speeches across fascist Italy : `` O con noi o contro di noi '' -- You 're either with us or against us . J\u00e1nos K\u00e1d\u00e1r , in an effort to unite Hungary after the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 , announced in December 1961 , `` those who are not against us are with us . '' Common form of Cold War terminology . On 30 September 1970 , the Milwaukee Journal quoted a police official of the Greek military junta of 1967 -- 74 as saying to his political prisoners : `` You make yourself ridiculous ( sic ) by thinking you can do anything . The word is divided in two . The Russians and the Americans , no one else . What are we ? Americans . Behind me there is the government , behind the government is NATO , behind NATO is the US . You ca n't fight us , we are Americans . '' Hillary Clinton said on September 13 , 2001 : `` Every nation has to either be with us , or against us . Those who harbor terrorists , or who finance them , are going to pay a price . '' President George W. Bush , in an address to a joint session of Congress on September 20 , 2001 said , `` Every nation , in every region , now has a decision to make . Either you are with us , or you are with the terrorists . '' Vic Toews Canadian Public Safety Minister said on February 13 , 2012 : `` ... either stand with us or with the child pornographers '' in response to questions from Quebec MP Francis Scarpaleggia ( Lac - Saint - Louis ) regarding extensive Privacy Commission concerns about ' warrant-less access ' to all Canadian Internet and Cell phone accounts under the proposed legislation contained in bill C - 30 `` Protecting Children from Internet Predators Act '' introduced the following day ( February 14 , 2012 ) in the House of Commons of Canada . Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan , in a speech after a suicide bomb explosion in Istanbul on January 12 , 2016 , said : `` Pick a side . You are either on the side of the Turkish government , or you 're on the side of the terrorists . '' Sarah Palin , in a speech criticizing Republicans who did n't support Donald Trump 's 2016 election campaign , said : `` You 're either with us or you 're against us . `` That gang , they call themselves Never hashtag , whatever , I just call ' em Republicans Against Trump , or RAT for short , And you know it was really funny , to me , the ' splodey heads keep ' sploding over this movement because it seems so obvious ... ''","sentences":["From the Book of Joshua ( Chap.","5",": 13 ) : `` It happened , when Joshua was by Jericho , that he lifted up his eyes and looked , and behold , a man stood in front of him with his sword drawn in his hand .","Joshua went to him , and said to him , `` Are you for us , or for our adversaries ? ''","`` .","The Synoptic Gospels attribute the following quote to Jesus : `` Whoever is not with me is against me , and whoever does not gather with me scatters '' ( Matthew 12 : 30 ) , as well as its contrapositive , `` Whoever is not against us is for us '' ( Luke 9 : 50 ; Mark 9 : 40 ) .","Marcus Tullius Cicero , in an oration before Julius Caesar in 46 BCE , published as Pro Ligario , made the following distinction : `` For we heard you say that we looked upon all as enemies that were not with us ; but that you looked upon all as friends that were not against you . ''","Vladimir Ilyich Lenin , in a speech discussing the Chief Committee for Political Education , told the assembled delegates that `` It is with absolute frankness that we speak of this struggle of the proletariat ; each man must choose between joining our side or the other side .","Any attempt to avoid taking sides in this issue must end in fiasco . ''","George Orwell wrote in his 1942 essay `` Pacifism and the War '' , `` If you hamper the war effort of one side you automatically help that of the other .","Nor is there any real way of remaining outside such a war as the present one .","In practice , ' he that is not with me is against me ' .","The idea that you can somehow remain aloof from and superior to the struggle , while living on food which British sailors have to risk their lives to bring you , is a bourgeois illusion bred of money and security . ''","Benito Mussolini declared in speeches across fascist Italy : `` O con noi o contro di noi '' -- You 're either with us or against us .","J\u00e1nos K\u00e1d\u00e1r , in an effort to unite Hungary after the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 , announced in December 1961 , `` those who are not against us are with us . ''","Common form of Cold War terminology .","On 30 September 1970 , the Milwaukee Journal quoted a police official of the Greek military junta of 1967 -- 74 as saying to his political prisoners : `` You make yourself ridiculous ( sic ) by thinking you can do anything .","The word is divided in two .","The Russians and the Americans , no one else .","What are we ?","Americans .","Behind me there is the government , behind the government is NATO , behind NATO is the US .","You ca n't fight us , we are Americans . ''","Hillary Clinton said on September 13 , 2001 : `` Every nation has to either be with us , or against us .","Those who harbor terrorists , or who finance them , are going to pay a price . ''","President George W. Bush , in an address to a joint session of Congress on September 20 , 2001 said , `` Every nation , in every region , now has a decision to make .","Either you are with us , or you are with the terrorists . ''","Vic Toews Canadian Public Safety Minister said on February 13 , 2012 : `` ... either stand with us or with the child pornographers '' in response to questions from Quebec MP Francis Scarpaleggia ( Lac - Saint - Louis ) regarding extensive Privacy Commission concerns about ' warrant-less access ' to all Canadian Internet and Cell phone accounts under the proposed legislation contained in bill C - 30 `` Protecting Children from Internet Predators Act '' introduced the following day ( February 14 , 2012 ) in the House of Commons of Canada .","Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan , in a speech after a suicide bomb explosion in Istanbul on January 12 , 2016 , said : `` Pick a side .","You are either on the side of the Turkish government , or you 're on the side of the terrorists . ''","Sarah Palin , in a speech criticizing Republicans who did n't support Donald Trump 's 2016 election campaign , said : `` You 're either with us or you 're against us .","`` That gang , they call themselves Never hashtag , whatever , I just call ' em Republicans Against Trump , or RAT for short , And you know it was really funny , to me , the ' splodey heads keep ' sploding over this movement because it seems so obvious ... ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3516860597141068935","input":"lego dc comics super heroes the flash age rating","passages":[{"title":"Lego DC Comics Super Heroes: The Flash","text":"Flash returns to Central City having unknowingly been sent five days into the future and to his surprise , the city has turned against him , his powers are gone and he has been framed for various pranks pulled on the Justice League ( to the point where Batman revokes his membership ) . Crestfallen and depowered , Flash ponders about what to do now . At that moment , the speedster that continuously taunted him ( and the true perpetrator of the pranks on the Justice League ) reveals himself as the Reverse Flash , a speedster from the future who grew envious of Flash 's fame in the past and traveled back in time to steal Flash 's fame and purpose and plans to do the same to the rest of the Justice League . Atom , having shrunk down and followed Flash home overhears everything , but as Reverse Flash rushes off and restrains Flash , his suit short circuits , preventing him from returning to his normal size . Fortunately , Atom manages to free Flash and phone Doctor Fate in order to help the Flash regain his powers . While Flash is teleported to Doctor Fate 's residence , Atom attempts to return to the Hall of Justice to reveal Reverse Flash 's plan to his fellow Leaguers , which at his small size is much easier said than done . Meanwhile Reverse Flash is able to prevent crime and commit acts of heroism at a rate quicker than the Justice League can get to them . This allows Reverse Flash to gain the popularity of the public and render the Justice League obsolete .","sentences":["Flash returns to Central City having unknowingly been sent five days into the future and to his surprise , the city has turned against him , his powers are gone and he has been framed for various pranks pulled on the Justice League ( to the point where Batman revokes his membership ) .","Crestfallen and depowered , Flash ponders about what to do now .","At that moment , the speedster that continuously taunted him ( and the true perpetrator of the pranks on the Justice League ) reveals himself as the Reverse Flash , a speedster from the future who grew envious of Flash 's fame in the past and traveled back in time to steal Flash 's fame and purpose and plans to do the same to the rest of the Justice League .","Atom , having shrunk down and followed Flash home overhears everything , but as Reverse Flash rushes off and restrains Flash , his suit short circuits , preventing him from returning to his normal size .","Fortunately , Atom manages to free Flash and phone Doctor Fate in order to help the Flash regain his powers .","While Flash is teleported to Doctor Fate 's residence , Atom attempts to return to the Hall of Justice to reveal Reverse Flash 's plan to his fellow Leaguers , which at his small size is much easier said than done .","Meanwhile Reverse Flash is able to prevent crime and commit acts of heroism at a rate quicker than the Justice League can get to them .","This allows Reverse Flash to gain the popularity of the public and render the Justice League obsolete ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5696740347108647168","input":"south park fractured but whole number of days","passages":[{"title":"South Park: The Fractured but Whole","text":"Like its predecessor , the game was considered a successful adaptation , with GamesRadar+ calling it `` the truest , best adaptation '' of South Park ever made `` , with well balanced comedy and humor , and IGN saying it looks and sounds like an episode of the show . Giant Bomb , GamesRadar+ , and Shacknews said it was an improvement in nearly every way over The Stick of Truth , being deeper , longer , more surprising , and polished than its predecessor . GamesRadar+ added that after twenty years , a South Park game that is as fun to play as it is to laugh along at has been created . PC Gamer called it streamlined , imaginative , and enormously entertaining ; and Electronic Gaming Monthly ( EGM ) said it would be difficult to find a more complete South Park experience that is as funny . Game Informer called it a welcome sequel , featuring both smart and immature jokes , and moments of sincerity that recall the charm of childhood in surprising ways . Slant Magazine said mechanically , it was one of the best , most accessible RPGs in a long time .","sentences":["Like its predecessor , the game was considered a successful adaptation , with GamesRadar+ calling it `` the truest , best adaptation '' of South Park ever made `` , with well balanced comedy and humor , and IGN saying it looks and sounds like an episode of the show .","Giant Bomb , GamesRadar+ , and Shacknews said it was an improvement in nearly every way over The Stick of Truth , being deeper , longer , more surprising , and polished than its predecessor .","GamesRadar+ added that after twenty years , a South Park game that is as fun to play as it is to laugh along at has been created .","PC Gamer called it streamlined , imaginative , and enormously entertaining ; and Electronic Gaming Monthly ( EGM ) said it would be difficult to find a more complete South Park experience that is as funny .","Game Informer called it a welcome sequel , featuring both smart and immature jokes , and moments of sincerity that recall the charm of childhood in surprising ways .","Slant Magazine said mechanically , it was one of the best , most accessible RPGs in a long time ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3901638560184669356","input":"where am i and where am i going","passages":[{"title":"Where Am I Going?","text":"Ev'rything's Coming Up Dusty ( 1965 ) Ev'rything's Coming Up Dusty 1965 Where Am I Going ? ( 1967 ) Dusty ... Definitely ( 1968 ) Dusty ... Definitely 1968","sentences":["Ev'rything's Coming Up Dusty ( 1965 )","Ev'rything's Coming Up Dusty 1965 Where Am I Going ?","( 1967 )","Dusty ...","Definitely ( 1968 )","Dusty ...","Definitely 1968"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2212347117015149268","input":"tom petty i won't back down official video","passages":[{"title":"I Won't Back Down","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1989 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) 16 Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) 5 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 66 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) 49 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 28 US Billboard Hot 100 12 US Mainstream Rock ( Billboard ) US Alternative Songs ( Billboard ) 29 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1989 ) Position Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) 40","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1989 )","Peak position Australia ( ARIA )","16 Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) 5 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 66 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) 49 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","28 US Billboard Hot 100 12 US Mainstream Rock ( Billboard ) US Alternative Songs ( Billboard )","29 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1989 )","Position Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) 40"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-596366246431531111","input":"when is new one piece episodes coming out","passages":[{"title":"List of One Piece episodes (seasons 15\u2013current)","text":"734 `` To Be Free ! Dressrosa 's Delight ! '' `` Jiy\u016b e ! Yorokobi no Doresur\u014dza ! '' ( \u81ea\u7531 \u3078 ! \u559c\u3073 \u306e \u30c9\u30ec\u30b9 \u30ed\u30fc\u30b6 ! ) March 27 , 2016","sentences":["734 `` To Be Free !","Dressrosa 's Delight ! ''","`` Jiy\u016b e !","Yorokobi no Doresur\u014dza ! ''","( \u81ea\u7531 \u3078 !","\u559c\u3073 \u306e \u30c9\u30ec\u30b9 \u30ed\u30fc\u30b6 ! )","March 27 , 2016"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4605499054133570178","input":"the pool players seven at the golden shovel meaning","passages":[{"title":"We Real Cool","text":"It consists of four verses of two rhyming lines each . The final word in most lines is `` we '' . The next line describes something that `` we '' do , such as play pool or drop out of school . Brooks has said that the `` we '' s are meant to be said softly , as though the protagonists in the poem are questioning the validity of their existence . The poem has been featured on broadsides , and is widely studied in literature classes and re-printed in literature textbooks . It also contains references to the seven deadly sins .","sentences":["It consists of four verses of two rhyming lines each .","The final word in most lines is `` we '' .","The next line describes something that `` we '' do , such as play pool or drop out of school .","Brooks has said that the `` we '' s are meant to be said softly , as though the protagonists in the poem are questioning the validity of their existence .","The poem has been featured on broadsides , and is widely studied in literature classes and re-printed in literature textbooks .","It also contains references to the seven deadly sins ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6129190781314728446","input":"battle at helm's deep lord of the rings","passages":[{"title":"Battle of the Hornburg","text":"After being released from the influence of his malevolent adviser , Gr\u00edma Wormtongue , by the benevolent Wizard Gandalf , Th\u00e9oden set out to the Fords of Isen , where his marshal Erkenbrand was fighting Saruman 's forces . However , Th\u00e9oden found out that they had been scattered . Gandalf advised him to take refuge in the Hornburg fortress of Helm 's Deep , an area named after one of their kings . Gandalf then left on an unexplained errand . Th\u00e9oden 's army went to the area , where local people were commanded by a captain called Gamling the Old . Many of the forces there were very old or young . The women and children of Th\u00e9oden 's capital Edoras were safe in Dunharrow , led by the King 's niece \u00c9owyn .","sentences":["After being released from the influence of his malevolent adviser , Gr\u00edma Wormtongue , by the benevolent Wizard Gandalf , Th\u00e9oden set out to the Fords of Isen , where his marshal Erkenbrand was fighting Saruman 's forces .","However , Th\u00e9oden found out that they had been scattered .","Gandalf advised him to take refuge in the Hornburg fortress of Helm 's Deep , an area named after one of their kings .","Gandalf then left on an unexplained errand .","Th\u00e9oden 's army went to the area , where local people were commanded by a captain called Gamling the Old .","Many of the forces there were very old or young .","The women and children of Th\u00e9oden 's capital Edoras were safe in Dunharrow , led by the King 's niece \u00c9owyn ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1308099512522994249","input":"he's got the whole world in his hands history","passages":[{"title":"He's Got the Whole World in His Hands","text":"Mahalia Jackson 's version made the Billboard top 100 singles chart , topping at number 69 . Other versions were recorded by Marian Anderson ( in Oslo on August 29 , 1958 and released on the single His Master 's Voice 45 - 6075 AL 6075 and on the extended play En aften p\u00e5 `` Casino Non Stop '' , introdusert av Arne Hestenes ( HMV 7EGN 26 . It was arranged by Harry Douglas and Ed Kirkeby ) , Kate Smith , Odetta , Jackie DeShannon , Perry Como , the Sandpipers ( 1970 ; `` Come Saturday Morning '' LP ) and Nina Simone on And Her Friends ( recorded 1957 ) . Andy Williams released a version on his 1960 album , The Village of St. Bernadette . The Sisters of Mercy played it at the Reading Festival in 1991 . It is featured on The Good and the Bad and the Ugly bootleg album . Pat Boone recorded a version for his 1961 album Great , Great , Great .","sentences":["Mahalia Jackson 's version made the Billboard top 100 singles chart , topping at number 69 .","Other versions were recorded by Marian Anderson ( in Oslo on August 29 , 1958 and released on the single His Master 's Voice 45 - 6075 AL 6075 and on the extended play En aften p\u00e5 `` Casino Non Stop '' , introdusert av Arne Hestenes ( HMV 7EGN 26 .","It was arranged by Harry Douglas and Ed Kirkeby ) , Kate Smith , Odetta , Jackie DeShannon , Perry Como , the Sandpipers ( 1970 ; `` Come Saturday Morning '' LP ) and Nina Simone on And Her Friends ( recorded 1957 ) .","Andy Williams released a version on his 1960 album , The Village of St. Bernadette .","The Sisters of Mercy played it at the Reading Festival in 1991 .","It is featured on The Good and the Bad and the Ugly bootleg album .","Pat Boone recorded a version for his 1961 album Great , Great , Great ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6520901095817620270","input":"when was a cure for bubonic plague found","passages":[{"title":"Bubonic plague","text":"The first recorded epidemic affected the Eastern Roman Empire ( Byzantine Empire ) and was named the Plague of Justinian after emperor Justinian I , who was infected but survived through extensive treatment . The pandemic resulted in the deaths of an estimated 25 million ( 6th century outbreak ) to 50 million people ( two centuries of recurrence ) . The historian Procopius wrote , in Volume II of History of the Wars , of his personal encounter with the plague and the effect it had on the rising empire . In the spring of 542 , the plague arrived in Constantinople , working its way from port city to port city and spreading around the Mediterranean Sea , later migrating inland eastward into Asia Minor and west into Greece and Italy . Because the infectious disease spread inland by the transferring of merchandise through Justinian 's efforts in acquiring luxurious goods of the time and exporting supplies , his capital became the leading exporter of the bubonic plague . Procopius , in his work Secret History , declared that Justinian was a demon of an emperor who either created the plague himself or was being punished for his sinfulness .","sentences":["The first recorded epidemic affected the Eastern Roman Empire ( Byzantine Empire ) and was named the Plague of Justinian after emperor Justinian I , who was infected but survived through extensive treatment .","The pandemic resulted in the deaths of an estimated 25 million ( 6th century outbreak ) to 50 million people ( two centuries of recurrence ) .","The historian Procopius wrote , in Volume II of History of the Wars , of his personal encounter with the plague and the effect it had on the rising empire .","In the spring of 542 , the plague arrived in Constantinople , working its way from port city to port city and spreading around the Mediterranean Sea , later migrating inland eastward into Asia Minor and west into Greece and Italy .","Because the infectious disease spread inland by the transferring of merchandise through Justinian 's efforts in acquiring luxurious goods of the time and exporting supplies , his capital became the leading exporter of the bubonic plague .","Procopius , in his work Secret History , declared that Justinian was a demon of an emperor who either created the plague himself or was being punished for his sinfulness ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8301108654819879623","input":"who sings still havent found what im looking for","passages":[{"title":"I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For","text":"Initially , `` Red Hill Mining Town '' was planned for release as the second single . However , Bono was unable to sing the song during pre-tour rehearsals and the band were reportedly unhappy with the video shot by Neil Jordan , so `` I Still Have n't Found What I 'm Looking For '' became a late choice for the second single . The single was released in May 1987 . On the US Billboard Hot 100 , the song debuted at number 51 on 13 June 1987 . After nearly 2 months on the chart , the song reached number one on 8 August 1987 , becoming the band 's second consecutive number - one hit in the United States . The song spent two weeks in the top spot , and remained on the chart for 17 weeks . On other Billboard charts , the song peaked at number 16 on the Adult Contemporary chart , and number two on the Album Rock Tracks chart . The song also topped the Irish Singles Chart , while peaking at number six on the Canadian RPM Top 100 and the UK Singles Chart . In New Zealand , the song peaked at number two on the RIANZ Top 40 Singles Chart , while reaching number six on the Dutch Top 40 and number 11 on the Swedish Singles Chart .","sentences":["Initially , `` Red Hill Mining Town '' was planned for release as the second single .","However , Bono was unable to sing the song during pre-tour rehearsals and the band were reportedly unhappy with the video shot by Neil Jordan , so `` I Still Have n't Found What I 'm Looking For '' became a late choice for the second single .","The single was released in May 1987 .","On the US Billboard Hot 100 , the song debuted at number 51 on 13 June 1987 .","After nearly 2 months on the chart , the song reached number one on 8 August 1987 , becoming the band 's second consecutive number - one hit in the United States .","The song spent two weeks in the top spot , and remained on the chart for 17 weeks .","On other Billboard charts , the song peaked at number 16 on the Adult Contemporary chart , and number two on the Album Rock Tracks chart .","The song also topped the Irish Singles Chart , while peaking at number six on the Canadian RPM Top 100 and the UK Singles Chart .","In New Zealand , the song peaked at number two on the RIANZ Top 40 Singles Chart , while reaching number six on the Dutch Top 40 and number 11 on the Swedish Singles Chart ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7272964337740738135","input":"yaro ka tashan cast real name with photo","passages":[{"title":"Y.A.R.O Ka Tashan","text":"In episode 4 , Y.A.R.O. welcomes his new tenants Amar , Prem and Shilpy to his house . He also extends his hand of friendship to them . However , the trio gets terrified to see Y.A.R.O. 's superhuman capabilities and avoids him . Later , Chaturvedi yells at Y.A.R.O. 's tenants for insulting him in their house . Dolly has fallen for Prem and she is trying hard to get his attention . On the other hand , Professor Govardhan Aggarwal inserts a tracker in Y.A.R.O. body to keep an eye on his activities . Shilpy , Amar and Prem invite Y.A.R.O. for a party . They offer Y.A.R.O. a glass of juice which would ward off evil spirit from his body . Y.A.R.O. drinks the juice , which causes circuit damage in his body . Beena tells her tenants that Y.A.R.O. is a humanoid . Professor Govardhan decides to reboot the system of Y.A.R.O. . He requests Amar and Prem to not allow Chaturvedi to enter his house . Then a new family enters the friends colony .","sentences":["In episode 4 , Y.A.R.O. welcomes his new tenants Amar , Prem and Shilpy to his house .","He also extends his hand of friendship to them .","However , the trio gets terrified to see Y.A.R.O. 's superhuman capabilities and avoids him .","Later , Chaturvedi yells at Y.A.R.O. 's tenants for insulting him in their house .","Dolly has fallen for Prem and she is trying hard to get his attention .","On the other hand , Professor Govardhan Aggarwal inserts a tracker in Y.A.R.O. body to keep an eye on his activities .","Shilpy , Amar and Prem invite Y.A.R.O. for a party .","They offer Y.A.R.O. a glass of juice which would ward off evil spirit from his body .","Y.A.R.O. drinks the juice , which causes circuit damage in his body .","Beena tells her tenants that Y.A.R.O. is a humanoid .","Professor Govardhan decides to reboot the system of Y.A.R.O. .","He requests Amar and Prem to not allow Chaturvedi to enter his house .","Then a new family enters the friends colony ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6940820193508944171","input":"who founded the new york colony and why","passages":[{"title":"History of New York (state)","text":"The first peoples of New York are estimated to have arrived around 10,000 BC . Around AD 800 , Iroquois ancestors moved into the area from the Appalachian region . The people of the Point Peninsula Complex were the predecessors of the Algonquian peoples of New York . By around 1100 , the distinct Iroquoian - speaking and Algonquian - speaking cultures that would eventually be encountered by Europeans had developed . The five nations of the Iroquois League developed a powerful confederacy about the 15th century that controlled territory throughout present - day New York , into Pennsylvania around the Great Lakes . For centuries , the Mohawk cultivated maize fields in the lowlands of the Mohawk River , which were later taken over by Dutch settlers at Schenectady , New York when they bought this territory . The Iroquois nations to the west also had well - cultivated areas and orchards .","sentences":["The first peoples of New York are estimated to have arrived around 10,000 BC .","Around AD 800 , Iroquois ancestors moved into the area from the Appalachian region .","The people of the Point Peninsula Complex were the predecessors of the Algonquian peoples of New York .","By around 1100 , the distinct Iroquoian - speaking and Algonquian - speaking cultures that would eventually be encountered by Europeans had developed .","The five nations of the Iroquois League developed a powerful confederacy about the 15th century that controlled territory throughout present - day New York , into Pennsylvania around the Great Lakes .","For centuries , the Mohawk cultivated maize fields in the lowlands of the Mohawk River , which were later taken over by Dutch settlers at Schenectady , New York when they bought this territory .","The Iroquois nations to the west also had well - cultivated areas and orchards ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2778892752528992345","input":"how does our identity as a multicultural country impact on the following areas","passages":[{"title":"Cultural identity","text":"Cultural identity search : `` is the process of exploration and questioning about one 's culture in order to learn more about it and to understand the implications of membership in that culture . '' During this stage a person will begin to question why they hold their beliefs and compare it to the beliefs of other cultures . For some this stage may arise from a turning point in their life or from a growing awareness of other cultures . This stage is characterized by growing awareness in social and political forums and a desire to learn more about culture . This can be expressed by asking family members questions about heritage , visiting museums , reading of relevant cultural sources , enrolling in school courses , or attendance at cultural events . This stage might have an emotional component as well .","sentences":["Cultural identity search : `` is the process of exploration and questioning about one 's culture in order to learn more about it and to understand the implications of membership in that culture . ''","During this stage a person will begin to question why they hold their beliefs and compare it to the beliefs of other cultures .","For some this stage may arise from a turning point in their life or from a growing awareness of other cultures .","This stage is characterized by growing awareness in social and political forums and a desire to learn more about culture .","This can be expressed by asking family members questions about heritage , visiting museums , reading of relevant cultural sources , enrolling in school courses , or attendance at cultural events .","This stage might have an emotional component as well ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-27938261654370086","input":"were the villages in florida hit by the hurricane","passages":[{"title":"Effects of Hurricane Wilma in Florida","text":"Sustained - hurricane force winds and gusts up 101 mph ( 163 km \/ h ) lashed West Palm Beach . In downtown West Palm Beach , a large construction crane fell and broke water and gas lines , causing water and gas to spew into the streets . The Comeau Building , which survived the 1928 hurricane , lost some windows and a section of its roof . Debris from the roof littered Clematis Street and crushed a parked car . The Palm Beach County Courthouse and Board of County Commissioners building suffered only broken windows . A portion of the roof at the police department was peeled off . At city hall , windows were broken and four out of the five floors sustained damage . A total of 20 city - owned buildings were impacted structurally , with an overall loss of about $12.3 million . At the Carefree Theatre , a theatre that screened foreign films and hosted small concerts , suffered extensive roof damage . The Carefree Theatre was moved into a former church building in 2007 and renamed The Theatre , but closed in 2008 . A roof leak at St. Mary 's Medical Center forced staff to evacuate patients to other rooms . The 1515 Tower , which was abandoned due to heavy impact by hurricanes Frances and Jeanne in 2004 , suffered further damage during Wilma . In February 2010 , the high - rise was demolished by explosives and was the third tallest building in the United States to be imploded . Along the Intracoastal Waterway , many boats capsized or crashed into the seawall . On U.S. Route 1 between Belvedere Road and State Road 80 ( Southern Boulevard ) , several stores in the Antique Row section had broken windows , interior damage , and rain - soaked merchandise and furniture .","sentences":["Sustained - hurricane force winds and gusts up 101 mph ( 163 km \/ h ) lashed West Palm Beach .","In downtown West Palm Beach , a large construction crane fell and broke water and gas lines , causing water and gas to spew into the streets .","The Comeau Building , which survived the 1928 hurricane , lost some windows and a section of its roof .","Debris from the roof littered Clematis Street and crushed a parked car .","The Palm Beach County Courthouse and Board of County Commissioners building suffered only broken windows .","A portion of the roof at the police department was peeled off .","At city hall , windows were broken and four out of the five floors sustained damage .","A total of 20 city - owned buildings were impacted structurally , with an overall loss of about $12.3 million .","At the Carefree Theatre , a theatre that screened foreign films and hosted small concerts , suffered extensive roof damage .","The Carefree Theatre was moved into a former church building in 2007 and renamed The Theatre , but closed in 2008 .","A roof leak at St. Mary 's Medical Center forced staff to evacuate patients to other rooms .","The 1515 Tower , which was abandoned due to heavy impact by hurricanes Frances and Jeanne in 2004 , suffered further damage during Wilma .","In February 2010 , the high - rise was demolished by explosives and was the third tallest building in the United States to be imploded .","Along the Intracoastal Waterway , many boats capsized or crashed into the seawall .","On U.S. Route 1 between Belvedere Road and State Road 80 ( Southern Boulevard ) , several stores in the Antique Row section had broken windows , interior damage , and rain - soaked merchandise and furniture ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2672473581577927756","input":"where did the longest siege of the civil war take place","passages":[{"title":"Siege of Sarajevo","text":"The structural and property damage in Sarajevo as a result of the siege included specifically protected targets such as hospitals and medical complexes , medical facilities ( including ambulances ) and medical personnel , as well as cultural property , such as the manuscript collection of the Oriental Institute in Sarajevo , one of the richest collections of Oriental manuscripts in the world . For foreigners , an event that defined the besiegers ' cultural objectives occurred during the night of 25 August 1992 . This was the bombardment -- with incendiary shells -- that resulted in the total destruction of the irreplaceable National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina , the central repository of Bosnian written culture and a major cultural center for all the Balkans . Among the losses were about 700 manuscripts and incunabula , and a unique collection of Bosnian serial publications , some from the middle of the 19th - century Bosnian cultural revival . Libraries all over the world cooperated afterwards to restore some of the lost heritage , through donations and e-texts , rebuilding the Library in cyberspace . Vedran","sentences":["The structural and property damage in Sarajevo as a result of the siege included specifically protected targets such as hospitals and medical complexes , medical facilities ( including ambulances ) and medical personnel , as well as cultural property , such as the manuscript collection of the Oriental Institute in Sarajevo , one of the richest collections of Oriental manuscripts in the world .","For foreigners , an event that defined the besiegers ' cultural objectives occurred during the night of 25 August 1992 .","This was the bombardment -- with incendiary shells -- that resulted in the total destruction of the irreplaceable National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina , the central repository of Bosnian written culture and a major cultural center for all the Balkans .","Among the losses were about 700 manuscripts and incunabula , and a unique collection of Bosnian serial publications , some from the middle of the 19th - century Bosnian cultural revival .","Libraries all over the world cooperated afterwards to restore some of the lost heritage , through donations and e-texts , rebuilding the Library in cyberspace .","Vedran"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-873271357043575426","input":"who becomes chief of surgery after owen hunt","passages":[{"title":"Owen Hunt","text":"`` I was doing a movie off and on for three months , and it was my son 's birthday , so I managed to land back in LA . around 2 p.m. Then I got a call from my agent , saying , `` You have to turn back around because Shonda wants to meet you for this role on Grey 's . '' I was like , `` I 'd love to meet her , but I ca n't . Can we do tomorrow ? '' And they 're family - friendly , so they were really understanding . As soon as I heard the pitch for the character , I was sold on it . It 's a different energy and a different viewpoint . I thought it was an important story to tell , especially on a prime - time TV show . To get in there and get your hands dirty and explore what trauma surgery is like in war zones and what it 's like to rehabilitate yourself to civilian life . It 's not just a new doctor showing up . It 's exploring how hard it is to reintegrate yourself back into the real world after being in the war zone for three tours . ''","sentences":["`` I was doing a movie off and on for three months , and it was my son 's birthday , so I managed to land back in LA .","around 2 p.m.","Then I got a call from my agent , saying , `` You have to turn back around because Shonda wants to meet you for this role on Grey 's . ''","I was like , `` I 'd love to meet her , but I ca n't .","Can we do tomorrow ? ''","And they 're family - friendly , so they were really understanding .","As soon as I heard the pitch for the character , I was sold on it .","It 's a different energy and a different viewpoint .","I thought it was an important story to tell , especially on a prime - time TV show .","To get in there and get your hands dirty and explore what trauma surgery is like in war zones and what it 's like to rehabilitate yourself to civilian life .","It 's not just a new doctor showing up .","It 's exploring how hard it is to reintegrate yourself back into the real world after being in the war zone for three tours . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6987439426084349656","input":"what is the quality of life like in china","passages":[{"title":"Standard of living in China","text":"The highest agricultural incomes were earned by suburban units that were able to sell produce and sideline products in the nearby cities . Under the responsibility system , household incomes depended on the number of workers in each household and the household 's success in holding down production costs and in supplying goods and services to local markets . Most of the rural families with the highest incomes - the `` 10,000 - yuan households '' - were `` specialized households '' that concentrated family efforts on supplying a particular service or good . Many of these families owned their own equipment , such as trucks or specialized buildings , and operated essentially as private concerns . An increasingly important influence on rural incomes in the mid-1980s was the expansion of nonagricultural rural enterprises , often referred to as `` township enterprises . '' These were factories , construction teams , and processing operations , most of which were owned by collectives , primarily villages , towns , and townships . Some were owned by voluntary groups of families . Township enterprises were considered by the government to be the main source of employment for rural workers who were leaving agriculture because of rising productivity under the responsibility system . By the end of 1986 , township enterprises employed 21 percent of the rural labor force . The movement of rural labor into township enterprises helped to increase average rural incomes because of the higher productivity in nonagricultural jobs . In 1986 industrial workers in rural areas produced an average annual value of \u00a5 4,300 per person , compared with about \u00a5 1,000 per farmer in the same year .","sentences":["The highest agricultural incomes were earned by suburban units that were able to sell produce and sideline products in the nearby cities .","Under the responsibility system , household incomes depended on the number of workers in each household and the household 's success in holding down production costs and in supplying goods and services to local markets .","Most of the rural families with the highest incomes - the `` 10,000 - yuan households '' - were `` specialized households '' that concentrated family efforts on supplying a particular service or good .","Many of these families owned their own equipment , such as trucks or specialized buildings , and operated essentially as private concerns .","An increasingly important influence on rural incomes in the mid-1980s was the expansion of nonagricultural rural enterprises , often referred to as `` township enterprises . ''","These were factories , construction teams , and processing operations , most of which were owned by collectives , primarily villages , towns , and townships .","Some were owned by voluntary groups of families .","Township enterprises were considered by the government to be the main source of employment for rural workers who were leaving agriculture because of rising productivity under the responsibility system .","By the end of 1986 , township enterprises employed 21 percent of the rural labor force .","The movement of rural labor into township enterprises helped to increase average rural incomes because of the higher productivity in nonagricultural jobs .","In 1986 industrial workers in rural areas produced an average annual value of \u00a5 4,300 per person , compared with about \u00a5 1,000 per farmer in the same year ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7219550087900186489","input":"age of war 2 hands tied behind my back","passages":[{"title":"Strappado","text":"There are three variants of this torture . In the first , the victim has his or her arms tied behind their back ; a large rope is then tied to the wrists and passed over a pulley , beam , or a hook on the roof . The torturer pulls on this rope until the victim is hanging from the arms . Since the hands are tied behind the victim 's back , this will cause a very intense pain and possible dislocation of the arms . The full weight of the subject 's body is then supported by the extended and internally rotated shoulder sockets . While the technique shows no external injuries , it can cause long - term nerve , ligament , or tendon damage . The technique typically causes brachial plexus injury , leading to paralysis or loss of sensation in the arms .","sentences":["There are three variants of this torture .","In the first , the victim has his or her arms tied behind their back ; a large rope is then tied to the wrists and passed over a pulley , beam , or a hook on the roof .","The torturer pulls on this rope until the victim is hanging from the arms .","Since the hands are tied behind the victim 's back , this will cause a very intense pain and possible dislocation of the arms .","The full weight of the subject 's body is then supported by the extended and internally rotated shoulder sockets .","While the technique shows no external injuries , it can cause long - term nerve , ligament , or tendon damage .","The technique typically causes brachial plexus injury , leading to paralysis or loss of sensation in the arms ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"303517505515990999","input":"lemony snicket's a series of unfortunate events hindi","passages":[{"title":"Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events","text":"Nickelodeon Movies purchased the film rights to Daniel Handler 's book series in 2000 and soon began development of a film with Barry Sonnenfeld attached to direct . Handler adapted the screenplay and courted Jim Carrey for Count Olaf . Sonnenfeld eventually left over budget concerns in January 2003 and Brad Silberling took over . Robert Gordon rewrote Handler 's script , and principal photography started in November 2003 . A Series of Unfortunate Events was entirely shot using sound stages and backlots at Paramount Pictures and Downey Studios . The film received positive reviews , with many praising Carrey 's performance , while some criticized its comical tone . The film also grossed $209 million worldwide , and won the Academy Award for Best Makeup .","sentences":["Nickelodeon Movies purchased the film rights to Daniel Handler 's book series in 2000 and soon began development of a film with Barry Sonnenfeld attached to direct .","Handler adapted the screenplay and courted Jim Carrey for Count Olaf .","Sonnenfeld eventually left over budget concerns in January 2003 and Brad Silberling took over .","Robert Gordon rewrote Handler 's script , and principal photography started in November 2003 .","A Series of Unfortunate Events was entirely shot using sound stages and backlots at Paramount Pictures and Downey Studios .","The film received positive reviews , with many praising Carrey 's performance , while some criticized its comical tone .","The film also grossed $209 million worldwide , and won the Academy Award for Best Makeup ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3924454898053349300","input":"how do chemists use systems and order in their work","passages":[{"title":"History of chemistry","text":"In 1926 at the age of 39 , Austrian theoretical physicist Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger produced the papers that gave the foundations of quantum wave mechanics . In those papers he described his partial differential equation that is the basic equation of quantum mechanics and bears the same relation to the mechanics of the atom as Newton 's equations of motion bear to planetary astronomy . Adopting a proposal made by Louis de Broglie in 1924 that particles of matter have a dual nature and in some situations act like waves , Schr\u00f6dinger introduced a theory describing the behaviour of such a system by a wave equation that is now known as the Schr\u00f6dinger equation . The solutions to Schr\u00f6dinger 's equation , unlike the solutions to Newton 's equations , are wave functions that can only be related to the probable occurrence of physical events . The readily visualized sequence of events of the planetary orbits of Newton is , in quantum mechanics , replaced by the more abstract notion of probability . ( This aspect of the quantum theory made Schr\u00f6dinger and several other physicists profoundly unhappy , and he devoted much of his later life to formulating philosophical objections to the generally accepted interpretation of the theory that he had done so much to create . )","sentences":["In 1926 at the age of 39 , Austrian theoretical physicist Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger produced the papers that gave the foundations of quantum wave mechanics .","In those papers he described his partial differential equation that is the basic equation of quantum mechanics and bears the same relation to the mechanics of the atom as Newton 's equations of motion bear to planetary astronomy .","Adopting a proposal made by Louis de Broglie in 1924 that particles of matter have a dual nature and in some situations act like waves , Schr\u00f6dinger introduced a theory describing the behaviour of such a system by a wave equation that is now known as the Schr\u00f6dinger equation .","The solutions to Schr\u00f6dinger 's equation , unlike the solutions to Newton 's equations , are wave functions that can only be related to the probable occurrence of physical events .","The readily visualized sequence of events of the planetary orbits of Newton is , in quantum mechanics , replaced by the more abstract notion of probability .","( This aspect of the quantum theory made Schr\u00f6dinger and several other physicists profoundly unhappy , and he devoted much of his later life to formulating philosophical objections to the generally accepted interpretation of the theory that he had done so much to create . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6752717162503553157","input":"how many goals have arsenal scored in the premier league","passages":[{"title":"List of Arsenal F.C. records and statistics","text":"Arsenal have won two European honours : the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup in 1970 and the Cup Winners ' Cup in 1994 . They also reached the final of the UEFA Cup in 2000 , and became the first London team to appear in a UEFA Champions League final in 2006 . Despite having never won the UEFA Champions League , Arsenal have set numerous records in the competition . Between 1998 -- 99 and the current season , 2016 -- 17 , they participated in nineteen successive seasons , a record only surpassed in Europe by Real Madrid . Goalkeeper Jens Lehmann kept ten consecutive clean sheets in the run - in to Arsenal 's first UEFA Champions League final and the defence went 995 minutes until conceding a goal . Arsenal were also the first British side to defeat Real Madrid and Borussia Dortmund away from home , and both Milanese teams : Internazionale and Milan at the San Siro .","sentences":["Arsenal have won two European honours : the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup in 1970 and the Cup Winners ' Cup in 1994 .","They also reached the final of the UEFA Cup in 2000 , and became the first London team to appear in a UEFA Champions League final in 2006 .","Despite having never won the UEFA Champions League , Arsenal have set numerous records in the competition .","Between 1998 -- 99 and the current season , 2016 -- 17 , they participated in nineteen successive seasons , a record only surpassed in Europe by Real Madrid .","Goalkeeper Jens Lehmann kept ten consecutive clean sheets in the run - in to Arsenal 's first UEFA Champions League final and the defence went 995 minutes until conceding a goal .","Arsenal were also the first British side to defeat Real Madrid and Borussia Dortmund away from home , and both Milanese teams : Internazionale and Milan at the San Siro ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9120665743596517685","input":"what is the life cycle of a centipede","passages":[{"title":"Centipede","text":"The Lithobiomorpha , also known as stone centipedes , represent the other main group of anamorphic centipedes ; they also reach a mature segment count of 15 trunk segments . This group has lost the compound eyes , and sometimes has no eyes altogether . Instead , its eyes have a single ocellus or a group of ocelli . Its spiracles are paired and can be found laterally . Every leg - bearing segment of this organism has a separate tergite , these alternating in length apart from a pair of long tergites on each of segments 7 and 8 . It also has relatively short antennae and legs compared to the Scutigeromorpha . Two families are included , the Henicopidae and Lithobiidae .","sentences":["The Lithobiomorpha , also known as stone centipedes , represent the other main group of anamorphic centipedes ; they also reach a mature segment count of 15 trunk segments .","This group has lost the compound eyes , and sometimes has no eyes altogether .","Instead , its eyes have a single ocellus or a group of ocelli .","Its spiracles are paired and can be found laterally .","Every leg - bearing segment of this organism has a separate tergite , these alternating in length apart from a pair of long tergites on each of segments 7 and 8 .","It also has relatively short antennae and legs compared to the Scutigeromorpha .","Two families are included , the Henicopidae and Lithobiidae ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7848311091370164617","input":"what is selena gomez most popular tv show","passages":[{"title":"Selena Gomez","text":"Hoping to achieve a successful crossover into music , Gomez formed the pop - rock band Selena Gomez & the Scene through her record deal with Hollywood Records . The name of the band is an `` ironic jab '' at the people who called Gomez a `` wannabe scene . '' The group released their debut studio album in August 2009 , which debuted at number nine on the Billboard 200 albums chart in the United States , with first - week sales of 66,000 copies . The album received a mixed reception , some critics praised the album for its `` fun '' nature , while others criticized Gomez for her vocal performance . The lead single failed to have commercial success , however the second single was successful . With heavy promotion through Disney and performances , the song had success on radio and with sales . In 2010 , Gomez starred as one of the two female leads in Ramona and Beezus , a film adaption of the children 's novel series by Beverly Cleary . The film premiered on July 23 , 2010 , and it was met with generally positive reviews . Selena Gomez & the Scene released their second studio album A Year Without Rain that same year , which debuted on the US Billboard 200 at number 4 with sales of a little over 66,000 . The album received mixed to positive reviews where some noticed that Gomez 's vocals contained the Auto - Tune effect . The record 's two singles both achieved moderate success . Having previously announced plans to launch a fashion line , Gomez launched Dream Out Loud in 2010 . The collection consisted of , and featured , bohemian dresses , floral tops , jeans , skirts , jackets , scarves and hats , all of which were made from recycled or eco-friendly materials . Gomez stated , `` With my line , I really want to give the customer options on how they can put their own looks together ( ... ) I want the pieces that can be easy to dress up or down , and the fabrics being eco-friendly and organic is super important ( ... ) Also , the tags will all have some of my inspirational quotes on them . I 'm just looking to send a good message . '' To design the actual items , Gomez teamed up with designers Tony Melillo and Sandra Campos , both of whom had previously worked with big - name fashion houses . Melillo and Campos teamed with New York - based Adjmi Apparel to manufacture the brand , which was formed by Adjmi CH Brands LLC , the holding company for the brand .","sentences":["Hoping to achieve a successful crossover into music , Gomez formed the pop - rock band Selena Gomez & the Scene through her record deal with Hollywood Records .","The name of the band is an `` ironic jab '' at the people who called Gomez a `` wannabe scene . ''","The group released their debut studio album in August 2009 , which debuted at number nine on the Billboard 200 albums chart in the United States , with first - week sales of 66,000 copies .","The album received a mixed reception , some critics praised the album for its `` fun '' nature , while others criticized Gomez for her vocal performance .","The lead single failed to have commercial success , however the second single was successful .","With heavy promotion through Disney and performances , the song had success on radio and with sales .","In 2010 , Gomez starred as one of the two female leads in Ramona and Beezus , a film adaption of the children 's novel series by Beverly Cleary .","The film premiered on July 23 , 2010 , and it was met with generally positive reviews .","Selena Gomez & the Scene released their second studio album A Year Without Rain that same year , which debuted on the US Billboard 200 at number 4 with sales of a little over 66,000 .","The album received mixed to positive reviews where some noticed that Gomez 's vocals contained the Auto - Tune effect .","The record 's two singles both achieved moderate success .","Having previously announced plans to launch a fashion line , Gomez launched Dream Out Loud in 2010 .","The collection consisted of , and featured , bohemian dresses , floral tops , jeans , skirts , jackets , scarves and hats , all of which were made from recycled or eco-friendly materials .","Gomez stated , `` With my line , I really want to give the customer options on how they can put their own looks together ( ... )","I want the pieces that can be easy to dress up or down , and the fabrics being eco-friendly and organic is super important ( ... )","Also , the tags will all have some of my inspirational quotes on them .","I 'm just looking to send a good message . ''","To design the actual items , Gomez teamed up with designers Tony Melillo and Sandra Campos , both of whom had previously worked with big - name fashion houses .","Melillo and Campos teamed with New York - based Adjmi Apparel to manufacture the brand , which was formed by Adjmi CH Brands LLC , the holding company for the brand ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6553039856971872681","input":"what happened to the son in war of the worlds","passages":[{"title":"War of the Worlds (2005 film)","text":"Lawrence Brown wrote : `` Spielberg 's decision to present the invaders ' fighting machines as having been there all along , buried deep under the Earth , raises questions which did not exist in the original Wells book . In Spielberg 's version , these invaders had been here before , long ago , in prehistoric times . They had set up their machines deep underground , and departed . Why ? Why not take over the Earth right there and then ? Spielberg does not provide an answer , and the characters are too busy surviving to wonder about this . An answer suggests itself - a very chilling answer . The invaders were interested in humans as food animals . When they came here before , humans were very scarce . The aliens left their hidden machines and departed , patiently observing the Earth until humans would multiply to the requisite numbers - and then they came back , to take over . Under this interpretation , all of us - all humans over the whole of history - have been livestock living in an alien food farm , destined to be ' harvested ' '' .","sentences":["Lawrence Brown wrote : `` Spielberg 's decision to present the invaders ' fighting machines as having been there all along , buried deep under the Earth , raises questions which did not exist in the original Wells book .","In Spielberg 's version , these invaders had been here before , long ago , in prehistoric times .","They had set up their machines deep underground , and departed .","Why ?","Why not take over the Earth right there and then ?","Spielberg does not provide an answer , and the characters are too busy surviving to wonder about this .","An answer suggests itself - a very chilling answer .","The invaders were interested in humans as food animals .","When they came here before , humans were very scarce .","The aliens left their hidden machines and departed , patiently observing the Earth until humans would multiply to the requisite numbers - and then they came back , to take over .","Under this interpretation , all of us - all humans over the whole of history - have been livestock living in an alien food farm , destined to be ' harvested ' '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4492115151117926992","input":"a resolution on the rights of minorities by congress was initiated by","passages":[{"title":"Minority rights","text":"At the Versailles Peace Conference the Supreme Council established ' The Committee on New States and for The Protection of Minorities ' . All the new successor states were compelled to sign minority rights treaties as a precondition of diplomatic recognition . It was agreed that although the new states had been recognized , they had not been ' created ' before the signatures of the final peace treaties . The issue of German and Polish rights was a point of dispute as Polish rights in Germany remained unprotected , unlike the German minority in Poland . Like other principles adopted by the League , the Minorities Treaties were a part of the Wilsonian idealist approach to international relations ; like the League itself , the Minority Treaties were increasingly ignored by the respective governments , with the entire system mostly collapsing in the late 1930s . Despite the political failure , they remained the basis of international law . After World War II , the legal principles were incorporated in the UN Charter and a host of international human rights treaties .","sentences":["At the Versailles Peace Conference the Supreme Council established ' The Committee on New States and for The Protection of Minorities ' .","All the new successor states were compelled to sign minority rights treaties as a precondition of diplomatic recognition .","It was agreed that although the new states had been recognized , they had not been ' created ' before the signatures of the final peace treaties .","The issue of German and Polish rights was a point of dispute as Polish rights in Germany remained unprotected , unlike the German minority in Poland .","Like other principles adopted by the League , the Minorities Treaties were a part of the Wilsonian idealist approach to international relations ; like the League itself , the Minority Treaties were increasingly ignored by the respective governments , with the entire system mostly collapsing in the late 1930s .","Despite the political failure , they remained the basis of international law .","After World War II , the legal principles were incorporated in the UN Charter and a host of international human rights treaties ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-744995374454890763","input":"after the fall of constantinople in 1453 moscow became known as the third rome","passages":[{"title":"Third Rome","text":"After the fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD , Mehmed II declared himself Kayser - i Rum , literally `` Caesar of Rome '' . The claim was recognized by the Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople , but not by Roman Catholic Western Europe . Gennadios ( Georgios Scholarios ) , a staunch enemy of the West , had been enthroned Patriarch of Constantinople with all the ceremonial attributes of Byzantium by Mehmed himself acting as Roman Emperor and in turn Gennadios recognized Mehmed as successor to the throne . Mehmed 's claim rested with the concept that Constantinople was the seat of the Roman Empire , after the transfer of its capital to Constantinople in 330 AD and the fall of the Western Roman Empire . Mehmed also had a blood lineage to the Byzantine Imperial family ; his predecessor , Sultan Orhan I had married a Byzantine princess , and Mehmed may have claimed descent from John Tzelepes Komnenos . During that period the Ottoman Empire also destroyed Otranto and its people , and Mehmed II was planning on taking Rome itself when the Italian campaign was cut short by his sudden death . The title fell into disuse after his death , but the imperial bodies created by Mehmed II lived on for centuries to come .","sentences":["After the fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD , Mehmed II declared himself Kayser - i Rum , literally `` Caesar of Rome '' .","The claim was recognized by the Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople , but not by Roman Catholic Western Europe .","Gennadios ( Georgios Scholarios ) , a staunch enemy of the West , had been enthroned Patriarch of Constantinople with all the ceremonial attributes of Byzantium by Mehmed himself acting as Roman Emperor and in turn Gennadios recognized Mehmed as successor to the throne .","Mehmed 's claim rested with the concept that Constantinople was the seat of the Roman Empire , after the transfer of its capital to Constantinople in 330 AD and the fall of the Western Roman Empire .","Mehmed also had a blood lineage to the Byzantine Imperial family ; his predecessor , Sultan Orhan I had married a Byzantine princess , and Mehmed may have claimed descent from John Tzelepes Komnenos .","During that period the Ottoman Empire also destroyed Otranto and its people , and Mehmed II was planning on taking Rome itself when the Italian campaign was cut short by his sudden death .","The title fell into disuse after his death , but the imperial bodies created by Mehmed II lived on for centuries to come ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4542186528317392416","input":"lamb of god as the palaces burn album","passages":[{"title":"As the Palaces Burn","text":"No . Title Length 1 . `` Ruin '' 3 : 55 2 . `` As the Palaces Burn '' 2 : 24 3 . `` Purified '' 3 : 11 4 . `` 11th Hour '' 3 : 44 5 . `` For Your Malice '' 3 : 43 6 . `` Boot Scraper '' 4 : 40 7 . `` A Devil in God 's Country '' 3 : 10 8 . `` In Defense of Our Good Name '' 4 : 13 9 . `` Blood Junkie '' 4 : 23 10 . `` Vigil '' 4 : 42 Total length : 38 : 06","sentences":["No .","Title Length 1 .","`` Ruin '' 3 : 55 2 .","`` As the Palaces Burn '' 2 : 24 3 .","`` Purified '' 3 : 11 4 .","`` 11th Hour '' 3 : 44 5 .","`` For Your Malice '' 3 : 43 6 .","`` Boot Scraper '' 4 : 40 7 .","`` A Devil in God 's Country '' 3 : 10 8 .","`` In Defense of Our Good Name '' 4 : 13 9 .","`` Blood Junkie '' 4 : 23 10 .","`` Vigil '' 4 : 42 Total length : 38 : 06"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3582106290480878099","input":"who attended all the three round table conferences","passages":[{"title":"Round Table Conferences (India)","text":"Muslim League : Aga Khan III ( leader of British - Indian delegation ) , Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar , Muhammad Shafi , Muhammad Ali Jinnah , Muhammad Zafarullah Khan , A.K. Fazlul Huq , Hafiz Ghulam Hussain Hidayat Ullah , Dr. Shafa'at Ahmad Khan , Raja Sher Muhammad Khan of Domeli , A.H. Ghuznavi Hindus : B.S. Moonje , M.R. Jayakar , Diwan Bahadur Raja Narendra Nath Liberals : J.N. Basu , Tej Bahadur Sapru , C.Y. Chintamani , V.S. Srinivasa Sastri , Chimanlal Harilal Setalvad Justice Party : Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar , Bhaskarrao Vithojirao Jadhav , Sir A.P. Patro Depressed Classes : B.R. Ambedkar , Rettamalai Srinivasan Sikhs : Sardar Ujjal Singh , Sardar Sampuran Singh Parsis : Phiroze Sethna , Cowasji Jehangir , Homi Mody Indian Christians : K.T. Paul Europeans : Sir Hubert Carr , Sir Oscar de Glanville ( Burma ) , T.F. Gavin Jones , C.E. Wood ( Madras ) Anglo - Indians : Henry Gidney Women : Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz , Radhabai Subbarayan Landlords : Maharaja Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga ( Bihar ) , Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan Chhatari ( United Provinces ) , Raja of Parlekhmundi ( Orissa ) , Provash Chandra Mitter Labour : N.M. Joshi , B. Shiva Rao Universities : Syed Sultan Ahmed , Bisheshwar Dayal Seth , Burma : U Aung Thin , Ba U , M.M. Ohn Ghine Sindh : Shah Nawaz Bhutto , Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah Other Provinces : Chandradhar Barua ( Assam ) , Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum ( NWFP ) , S.B. Tambe ( Central Provinces ) Government of India : Narendra Nath Law , Bhupendra Nath Mitra , C.P. Ramaswami Iyer , M. Ramachandra Rao","sentences":["Muslim League :","Aga Khan III ( leader of British - Indian delegation ) , Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar , Muhammad Shafi , Muhammad Ali Jinnah , Muhammad Zafarullah Khan , A.K. Fazlul Huq , Hafiz Ghulam Hussain Hidayat Ullah , Dr. Shafa'at Ahmad Khan , Raja Sher Muhammad Khan of Domeli , A.H. Ghuznavi Hindus :","B.S. Moonje , M.R. Jayakar , Diwan Bahadur Raja Narendra Nath Liberals : J.N. Basu , Tej Bahadur Sapru , C.Y. Chintamani , V.S. Srinivasa Sastri , Chimanlal Harilal Setalvad Justice Party :","Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar , Bhaskarrao Vithojirao Jadhav , Sir A.P. Patro Depressed Classes : B.R. Ambedkar , Rettamalai Srinivasan Sikhs : Sardar Ujjal Singh , Sardar Sampuran Singh Parsis :","Phiroze Sethna , Cowasji Jehangir , Homi Mody Indian Christians : K.T. Paul Europeans : Sir Hubert Carr , Sir Oscar de Glanville ( Burma ) , T.F. Gavin Jones , C.E. Wood ( Madras ) Anglo - Indians : Henry Gidney Women : Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz , Radhabai Subbarayan Landlords :","Maharaja Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga ( Bihar ) , Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan Chhatari ( United Provinces ) , Raja of Parlekhmundi ( Orissa ) , Provash Chandra Mitter Labour :","N.M.","Joshi , B. Shiva Rao Universities : Syed Sultan Ahmed , Bisheshwar Dayal Seth , Burma : U Aung Thin , Ba U , M.M.","Ohn Ghine Sindh : Shah Nawaz Bhutto , Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah Other Provinces : Chandradhar Barua ( Assam ) , Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum ( NWFP ) ,","S.B. Tambe ( Central Provinces ) Government of India : Narendra Nath Law , Bhupendra Nath Mitra , C.P. Ramaswami Iyer , M. Ramachandra Rao"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8187060539481493426","input":"the faster moving star in a binary is","passages":[{"title":"Binary star","text":"r 1 = a \u22c5 m 2 m 1 + m 2 = a 1 + m 1 m 2 ( \\ displaystyle r_ ( 1 ) = a \\ cdot ( \\ frac ( m_ ( 2 ) ) ( m_ ( 1 ) + m_ ( 2 ) ) ) = ( \\ frac ( a ) ( 1 + ( \\ frac ( m_ ( 1 ) ) ( m_ ( 2 ) ) ) ) ) )","sentences":["r 1 = a \u22c5 m 2 m 1 + m 2 = a 1 + m 1 m 2 ( \\ displaystyle r_","( 1 ) = a \\ cdot ( \\ frac ( m_ ( 2 ) )","( m_","( 1 ) + m_","( 2 ) ) )","= ( \\ frac ( a ) ( 1 + ( \\ frac ( m_ ( 1 ) ) ( m_","( 2 ) ) ) ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3833185548592277978","input":"differentiate competitor intelligence competitive intelligence and business intelligence","passages":[{"title":"Competitive intelligence","text":"CI literature is best exemplified by the bibliographies that were published in the Society of Competitive Intelligence Professionals ' academic journal The Journal of Competitive Intelligence and Management . Although elements of organizational intelligence collection have been a part of business for many years , the history of competitive intelligence arguably began in the U.S. in the 1970s , although the literature on the field pre-dates this time by at least several decades . In 1980 , Michael Porter published the study Competitive - Strategy : Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors which is widely viewed as the foundation of modern competitive intelligence . This has since been extended most notably by the pair of Craig Fleisher and Babette Bensoussan , who through several popular books on competitive analysis have added 48 commonly applied competitive intelligence analysis techniques to the practitioner 's tool box . In 1985 , Leonard Fuld published his best selling book dedicated to competitor intelligence . However , the institutionalization of CI as a formal activity among American corporations can be traced to 1988 , when Ben and Tamar Gilad published the first organizational model of a formal corporate CI function , which was then adopted widely by US companies . The first professional certification program ( CIP ) was created in 1996 with the establishment of The Fuld - Gilad - Herring Academy of Competitive Intelligence in Cambridge , Massachusetts .","sentences":["CI literature is best exemplified by the bibliographies that were published in the Society of Competitive Intelligence Professionals ' academic journal The Journal of Competitive Intelligence and Management .","Although elements of organizational intelligence collection have been a part of business for many years , the history of competitive intelligence arguably began in the U.S. in the 1970s , although the literature on the field pre-dates this time by at least several decades .","In 1980 , Michael Porter published the study Competitive - Strategy : Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors which is widely viewed as the foundation of modern competitive intelligence .","This has since been extended most notably by the pair of Craig Fleisher and Babette Bensoussan , who through several popular books on competitive analysis have added 48 commonly applied competitive intelligence analysis techniques to the practitioner 's tool box .","In 1985 , Leonard Fuld published his best selling book dedicated to competitor intelligence .","However , the institutionalization of CI as a formal activity among American corporations can be traced to 1988 , when Ben and Tamar Gilad published the first organizational model of a formal corporate CI function , which was then adopted widely by US companies .","The first professional certification program ( CIP ) was created in 1996 with the establishment of The Fuld - Gilad - Herring Academy of Competitive Intelligence in Cambridge , Massachusetts ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8466142289969064522","input":"who continues to exist according to the zhou chinese","passages":[{"title":"Chinese marriage","text":"Wedding banquets In Chinese society , the wedding banquet is known as x\u01d0 - j\u01d0u ( \u559c\u9152 , lit . joyful wine ) , and is sometimes far more important than the actual wedding itself . There are ceremonies such as the bride presenting wines or tea to parents , spouse , and guests . In modern weddings , the bride generally picks red ( following Chinese tradition ) or white ( more Western ) for the wedding , but most will wear the red traditional garment for their formal wedding banquet . Traditionally , the groom is not responsible for the cost of the wedding invitation sweet treats ( often pastries ) , the banquet invitations , and the wedding itself . Wedding banquets are elaborate and consist usually of 5 - 10 courses , with ingredients such as shark fin , abalone , lobster , squab , sea cucumber , swift nests or fish roe in soup or as decoration on top of a dish to symbolize fertility , and local delicacies . Traditionally , the father of the bride is responsible for the wedding banquet hosted on the bride 's side and the alcohol consumed during both banquets . The wedding banquets are two separate banquets : the primary banquet is hosted once at the bride 's side , the second banquet ( smaller banquet ) at the groom 's side . While the wedding itself is often based on the couple 's choices , the wedding banquets are a gesture of thanks and appreciation , to those that have raised the bride and groom ( such as grandparents and uncles ) . It is also to ensure the relatives on each side meet the relatives on the other side . Thus out of respect for the elders , wedding banquets are usually done formally and traditionally , which the older generation is thought to be more comfortable with . On the night of the wedding day , there was a custom in some places for relatives or friends to banter the newlyweds . Though this seemed a little noisy , both of them dropped shyness and got familiar with each other . On the third day of the marriage , the new couple would go back to the bride 's parents ' home . They would be received with also a dinner party including relatives .","sentences":["Wedding banquets In Chinese society , the wedding banquet is known as x\u01d0 - j\u01d0u ( \u559c\u9152 , lit .","joyful wine ) , and is sometimes far more important than the actual wedding itself .","There are ceremonies such as the bride presenting wines or tea to parents , spouse , and guests .","In modern weddings , the bride generally picks red ( following Chinese tradition ) or white ( more Western ) for the wedding , but most will wear the red traditional garment for their formal wedding banquet .","Traditionally , the groom is not responsible for the cost of the wedding invitation sweet treats ( often pastries ) , the banquet invitations , and the wedding itself .","Wedding banquets are elaborate and consist usually of 5 - 10 courses , with ingredients such as shark fin , abalone , lobster , squab , sea cucumber , swift nests or fish roe in soup or as decoration on top of a dish to symbolize fertility , and local delicacies .","Traditionally , the father of the bride is responsible for the wedding banquet hosted on the bride 's side and the alcohol consumed during both banquets .","The wedding banquets are two separate banquets : the primary banquet is hosted once at the bride 's side , the second banquet ( smaller banquet ) at the groom 's side .","While the wedding itself is often based on the couple 's choices , the wedding banquets are a gesture of thanks and appreciation , to those that have raised the bride and groom ( such as grandparents and uncles ) .","It is also to ensure the relatives on each side meet the relatives on the other side .","Thus out of respect for the elders , wedding banquets are usually done formally and traditionally , which the older generation is thought to be more comfortable with .","On the night of the wedding day , there was a custom in some places for relatives or friends to banter the newlyweds .","Though this seemed a little noisy , both of them dropped shyness and got familiar with each other .","On the third day of the marriage , the new couple would go back to the bride 's parents ' home .","They would be received with also a dinner party including relatives ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8095010923243354647","input":"how many students audition for laguardia high school","passages":[{"title":"Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School","text":"Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts The exterior of LaGuardia , one block west of Lincoln Center Address Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts Show map of Manhattan Show map of New York City Show map of New York Show map of the US Show all 100 Amsterdam Avenue New York , NY , USA Coordinates 40 \u00b0 46 \u2032 27 '' N 73 \u00b0 59 \u2032 08 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.77417 \u00b0 N 73.98556 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.77417 ; - 73.98556 Coordinates : 40 \u00b0 46 \u2032 27 '' N 73 \u00b0 59 \u2032 08 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.77417 \u00b0 N 73.98556 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 40.77417 ; - 73.98556 Information Type Public ( exam school ) Established 1961 School district 10 Principal Dr Lisa Mars Staff 163 Grades 9 -- 12 Enrollment 2730 Color ( s ) Red and white Website laguardiahs.org","sentences":["Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts","The exterior of LaGuardia , one block west of Lincoln Center Address Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts Show map of Manhattan Show map of New York City Show map of New York Show map of the US Show all 100 Amsterdam Avenue New York , NY , USA Coordinates 40 \u00b0 46 \u2032 27 '' N 73 \u00b0 59 \u2032 08 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.77417 \u00b0 N 73.98556 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.77417 ; - 73.98556 Coordinates : 40 \u00b0 46 \u2032 27 ''","N 73 \u00b0 59 \u2032 08 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 40.77417 \u00b0 N 73.98556 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 40.77417 ; - 73.98556 Information Type Public ( exam school )","Established 1961 School district 10 Principal Dr Lisa Mars Staff 163 Grades 9 -- 12 Enrollment 2730 Color ( s ) Red and white Website laguardiahs.org"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"876619900426357295","input":"what is the average temperature in ecuador in january","passages":[{"title":"Climate of Ecuador","text":"The weather in Quito is consistent with that of a subtropical highland climate . The city has barely any cool air since it is close to the equator . The average temperature during the day is 70 \u00b0 F ( 21 \u00b0 C ) , which generally falls to an average of 50 \u00b0 F ( 10 \u00b0 C ) at night . The average temperature annually is 64 \u00b0 F ( 17.8 \u00b0 C ) . There are only really two seasons in the city : dry and wet . The dry season ( winter ) runs from June to September and the wet season ( summer ) is from October to May . As most of Ecuador is in the southern hemisphere , June to September is considered to be winter , and winter is generally the dry season in warm climates . Spring , summer , and fall are generally the `` wet seasons '' while winter is the dry ( with the exception of the first month of fall being dry ) .","sentences":["The weather in Quito is consistent with that of a subtropical highland climate .","The city has barely any cool air since it is close to the equator .","The average temperature during the day is 70 \u00b0 F ( 21 \u00b0 C ) , which generally falls to an average of 50 \u00b0","F ( 10 \u00b0 C ) at night .","The average temperature annually is 64 \u00b0 F ( 17.8 \u00b0 C ) .","There are only really two seasons in the city : dry and wet .","The dry season ( winter ) runs from June to September and the wet season ( summer ) is from October to May .","As most of Ecuador is in the southern hemisphere , June to September is considered to be winter , and winter is generally the dry season in warm climates .","Spring , summer , and fall are generally the `` wet seasons '' while winter is the dry ( with the exception of the first month of fall being dry ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5651373891639810866","input":"the eyes of the dragon by stephen king","passages":[{"title":"The Eyes of the Dragon","text":"Flagg ( Randall Flagg ) , the villain of this story , is directly involved with The Dark Tower series , appearing as one of Roland of Gilead 's main antagonists . He is also the main antagonist in The Stand . In The Dark Tower II : The Drawing of the Three , Roland Deschain mentions Thomas and Dennis visiting Gilead . `` Great Letters '' are also used in both novels . The witch Rhiannon ( Rhea ) of the Coos appears in The Dark Tower IV : Wizard and Glass , and uses Flagg 's technique of becoming `` dim '' . Garlan , the land Flagg claims to be from , is also mentioned several times . Flagg mentions Abdul Alhazred and the Plateau of Leng from the works of H.P. Lovecraft .","sentences":["Flagg ( Randall Flagg ) , the villain of this story , is directly involved with The Dark Tower series , appearing as one of Roland of Gilead 's main antagonists .","He is also the main antagonist in The Stand .","In The Dark Tower II : The Drawing of the Three , Roland Deschain mentions Thomas and Dennis visiting Gilead .","`` Great Letters '' are also used in both novels .","The witch Rhiannon ( Rhea ) of the Coos appears in The Dark Tower IV :","Wizard and Glass , and uses Flagg 's technique of becoming `` dim '' .","Garlan , the land Flagg claims to be from , is also mentioned several times .","Flagg mentions Abdul Alhazred and the Plateau of Leng from the works of H.P. Lovecraft ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3266237706199525070","input":"where does the saying brownie points come from","passages":[{"title":"Brownie points","text":"A popular marketing practice employed by many stores in post-World War II US was the distribution of stamps with each purchase . The number of stamps given out varied with the amount of the purchase . These stamps were collected by customers and later redeemed for household gifts . The earliest of these stamps were brown in color and known as `` brown stamps '' or `` brown points '' . The relationship between a purchase and the collection of these `` brown points '' equated with doing a good thing ( supporting the local vendor ) and getting a bonus ( the valuable stamps ) . Purportedly , the collection of these `` brownie points '' eventually evolved into the modern usage . The term Browniepoints is still used as a marketing practice in business today by a New Zealand power company and also used by a gift service .","sentences":["A popular marketing practice employed by many stores in post-World War II US was the distribution of stamps with each purchase .","The number of stamps given out varied with the amount of the purchase .","These stamps were collected by customers and later redeemed for household gifts .","The earliest of these stamps were brown in color and known as `` brown stamps '' or `` brown points '' .","The relationship between a purchase and the collection of these `` brown points '' equated with doing a good thing ( supporting the local vendor ) and getting a bonus ( the valuable stamps ) .","Purportedly , the collection of these `` brownie points '' eventually evolved into the modern usage .","The term Browniepoints is still used as a marketing practice in business today by a New Zealand power company and also used by a gift service ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6203858275969955942","input":"who sits in front of president during state of the union","passages":[{"title":"State of the Union","text":"Since 1966 , the speech has been followed on television by a response or rebuttal by a member of the major political party opposing the President 's party . The response is typically broadcast from a studio with no audience . In 1970 , the Democratic Party put together a TV program with their speech to reply to President Nixon , as well as a televised response to Nixon 's written speech in 1973 . The same was done by Democrats for President Reagan 's speeches in 1982 and 1985 . The response is not always produced in a studio ; in 1997 , the Republicans for the first time delivered the response in front of high school students . In 2004 , the Democratic Party 's response was also delivered in Spanish for the first time , by New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson . In 2011 , Minnesota Congresswoman Michele Bachmann also gave a televised response for the Tea Party Express , a first for a political movement .","sentences":["Since 1966 , the speech has been followed on television by a response or rebuttal by a member of the major political party opposing the President 's party .","The response is typically broadcast from a studio with no audience .","In 1970 , the Democratic Party put together a TV program with their speech to reply to President Nixon , as well as a televised response to Nixon 's written speech in 1973 .","The same was done by Democrats for President Reagan 's speeches in 1982 and 1985 .","The response is not always produced in a studio ; in 1997 , the Republicans for the first time delivered the response in front of high school students .","In 2004 , the Democratic Party 's response was also delivered in Spanish for the first time , by New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson .","In 2011 , Minnesota Congresswoman Michele Bachmann also gave a televised response for the Tea Party Express , a first for a political movement ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2018400616094279189","input":"which of these is best description of passive transport","passages":[{"title":"Passive transport","text":"Facilitated diffusion , also called carrier - mediated osmosis , is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane via special transport proteins that are embedded within the cellular membrane . Large , insoluble molecules , such as glucose , vesicles and proteins require a carrier molecule to move through the plasma membrane . Therefore , it will bind with its specific carrier proteins , and the complex will then be bonded to a receptor site and moved through the cellular membrane . Facilitated diffusion is a passive process : the solutes move down their concentration gradient and do not require the expenditure of cellular energy for this process . Carrier proteins and channel proteins allow for the diffusion of molecules across the cell membrane . Carrier proteins undergo conformational alterations to allow molecules to pass , while channel proteins form unblocked pores .","sentences":["Facilitated diffusion , also called carrier - mediated osmosis , is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane via special transport proteins that are embedded within the cellular membrane .","Large , insoluble molecules , such as glucose , vesicles and proteins require a carrier molecule to move through the plasma membrane .","Therefore , it will bind with its specific carrier proteins , and the complex will then be bonded to a receptor site and moved through the cellular membrane .","Facilitated diffusion is a passive process : the solutes move down their concentration gradient and do not require the expenditure of cellular energy for this process .","Carrier proteins and channel proteins allow for the diffusion of molecules across the cell membrane .","Carrier proteins undergo conformational alterations to allow molecules to pass , while channel proteins form unblocked pores ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1292133162697943177","input":"who was the first rock band to have a video game made featuring their music and images","passages":[{"title":"Rock Band (video game)","text":"Current Harmonix parent company MTV provided financial support to the development process , taking advantage of its stature to facilitate deals with record companies for licensing rights to songs . Several record companies pledged their support by offering master recordings . Pressed for office space , Harmonix was forced to move its offices in the middle of Rock Band 's beta period in order to support the company 's 130 - person staff . However , they continued to bring on more developers in order to complete the title on time . This led to several problems in bringing the newer coders on board without any technical plan , requiring the team to redesign several parts of the game , such as online matchmaking , several times to correct . Although the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions of the game were developed in - house , Harmonix outsourced development of the PlayStation 2 version to Pi Studios , as it omits certain features .","sentences":["Current Harmonix parent company MTV provided financial support to the development process , taking advantage of its stature to facilitate deals with record companies for licensing rights to songs .","Several record companies pledged their support by offering master recordings .","Pressed for office space , Harmonix was forced to move its offices in the middle of Rock Band 's beta period in order to support the company 's 130 - person staff .","However , they continued to bring on more developers in order to complete the title on time .","This led to several problems in bringing the newer coders on board without any technical plan , requiring the team to redesign several parts of the game , such as online matchmaking , several times to correct .","Although the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions of the game were developed in - house , Harmonix outsourced development of the PlayStation 2 version to Pi Studios , as it omits certain features ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8522090805544288444","input":"where is the bulk of medicaid funds spent","passages":[{"title":"Expenditures in the United States federal budget","text":"The financial condition of the Social Security and Medicare programs remains challenging . Projected long run program costs are not sustainable under current program parameters . Social Security 's annual surpluses of tax income over expenditures are expected to fall sharply this year and to stay about constant in 2010 because of the economic recession , and to rise only briefly before declining and turning to cash flow deficits beginning in 2016 that grow as the baby boom generation retires . The deficits will be made up by redeeming trust fund assets until reserves are exhausted in 2037 , at which point tax income would be sufficient to pay about three fourths of scheduled benefits through 2083 . Medicare 's financial status is much worse . As was true in 2008 , Medicare 's Hospital Insurance ( HI ) Trust Fund is expected to pay out more in hospital benefits and other expenditures this year than it receives in taxes and other dedicated revenues . The difference will be made up by redeeming trust fund assets . Growing annual deficits are projected to exhaust HI reserves in 2017 , after which the percentage of scheduled benefits payable from tax income would decline from 81 percent in 2017 to about 50 percent in 2035 and 30 percent in 2080 . In addition , the Medicare Supplementary Medical Insurance ( SMI ) Trust Fund that pays for physician services and the prescription drug benefit will continue to require general revenue financing and charges on beneficiaries that grow substantially faster than the economy and beneficiary incomes over time .","sentences":["The financial condition of the Social Security and Medicare programs remains challenging .","Projected long run program costs are not sustainable under current program parameters .","Social Security 's annual surpluses of tax income over expenditures are expected to fall sharply this year and to stay about constant in 2010 because of the economic recession , and to rise only briefly before declining and turning to cash flow deficits beginning in 2016 that grow as the baby boom generation retires .","The deficits will be made up by redeeming trust fund assets until reserves are exhausted in 2037 , at which point tax income would be sufficient to pay about three fourths of scheduled benefits through 2083 .","Medicare 's financial status is much worse .","As was true in 2008 , Medicare 's Hospital Insurance ( HI ) Trust Fund is expected to pay out more in hospital benefits and other expenditures this year than it receives in taxes and other dedicated revenues .","The difference will be made up by redeeming trust fund assets .","Growing annual deficits are projected to exhaust HI reserves in 2017 , after which the percentage of scheduled benefits payable from tax income would decline from 81 percent in 2017 to about 50 percent in 2035 and 30 percent in 2080 .","In addition , the Medicare Supplementary Medical Insurance ( SMI ) Trust Fund that pays for physician services and the prescription drug benefit will continue to require general revenue financing and charges on beneficiaries that grow substantially faster than the economy and beneficiary incomes over time ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9016377288651052867","input":"where does the last name agustin come from","passages":[{"title":"Augusten Burroughs","text":"2000 -- Sellevision ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 26772 - X ) ( fiction ) 2002 -- Running with Scissors ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 28370 - 9 ) 2003 -- Dry ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 42379 - 9 ) 2004 -- Magical Thinking ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 31594 - 5 ) 2006 -- Possible Side Effects ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 31596 - 1 ) 2008 -- A Wolf at the Table ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 42827 - 8 ) 2009 -- You Better Not Cry : Stories for Christmas ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 34191 - 1 ) 2011 -- Take Five : Four Favorite Essays Plus One Never - Been - Seen Essay ( ISBN 1 - 429 - 95854 - 5 ) 2012 -- This Is How : Proven Aid in Overcoming Shyness , Molestation , Fatness , Spinsterhood , Grief , Disease , Lushery , Decrepitude & More . For Young and Old Alike . ( ISBN 9780312563554 ) 2016 -- Lust & Wonder : A Memoir ( ISBN 9780312342036 )","sentences":["2000 --","Sellevision ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 26772 - X ) ( fiction ) 2002 -- Running with Scissors ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 28370 - 9 ) 2003 -- Dry ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 42379 - 9 ) 2004 --","Magical Thinking ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 31594 - 5 ) 2006 --","Possible Side Effects ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 31596 - 1 ) 2008 --","A Wolf at the Table ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 42827 - 8 ) 2009 -- You Better Not Cry : Stories for Christmas ( ISBN 0 - 312 - 34191 - 1 ) 2011 -- Take Five : Four Favorite Essays Plus One Never - Been - Seen Essay ( ISBN 1 - 429 - 95854 - 5 ) 2012 --","This Is How : Proven Aid in Overcoming Shyness , Molestation , Fatness , Spinsterhood , Grief , Disease , Lushery , Decrepitude & More .","For Young and Old Alike .","( ISBN 9780312563554 ) 2016 --","Lust & Wonder :","A Memoir ( ISBN 9780312342036 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9186583701823225975","input":"ted tells robin he is moving to chicago","passages":[{"title":"Something New (How I Met Your Mother)","text":"Meanwhile , Barney and Robin sit in a bar and an obnoxious couple starts bothering them - not letting them look at their cigars and stealing their reserved table . Barney and Robin start planning to break them up , so Robin puts her engagement ring in one of their champagne glasses . When Krirsten , the couple 's woman , finds the ring , she excitedly responds that she will marry her boyfriend , Calvin , but he has no intentions of doing so . After their break - up , Robin and Barney smoke happily in a park when the couple finds them . The couple say that after the fight , they agreed to get married . Barney and Robin feel proud after seeing them happy .","sentences":["Meanwhile , Barney and Robin sit in a bar and an obnoxious couple starts bothering them - not letting them look at their cigars and stealing their reserved table .","Barney and Robin start planning to break them up , so Robin puts her engagement ring in one of their champagne glasses .","When Krirsten , the couple 's woman , finds the ring , she excitedly responds that she will marry her boyfriend , Calvin , but he has no intentions of doing so .","After their break - up , Robin and Barney smoke happily in a park when the couple finds them .","The couple say that after the fight , they agreed to get married .","Barney and Robin feel proud after seeing them happy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3483276311638585806","input":"when did the nfl start playing the national anthem","passages":[{"title":"U.S. national anthem protests (2016\u2013present)","text":"On November 13 , 2016 , 5 days after Donald Trump was elected President , Tampa Bay Buccaneers wide - receiver Mike Evans decided to sit during the national anthem . According to Sports Illustrated , Evans said , `` If this happens , then America 's not right right now . I said this a long time ago . When he ran , I thought it was a joke , and the joke continues . I 'm not a political person that much , but I got common sense . And I know when something 's not right . '' However , his protest began the day following Veterans Day , so he received criticism . He quickly changed his method of protesting and joined his teammates during the following game against the Kansas City Chiefs . He apologized to veterans and other members of the military for his actions -- citing that the timing of his protest was poor . `` On the field , I 'm going to continue to do what I do -- play hard . I 'm playing hard because I 've got this right -- freedom , because of the vets . I 'm going to reach out to organizations , organizations that I feel are doing the best job to help the minority ... women , LGBT , African Americans , Latinos , people that are in fear of Donald Trump and his presidency . ''","sentences":["On November 13 , 2016 , 5 days after Donald Trump was elected President , Tampa Bay Buccaneers wide - receiver Mike Evans decided to sit during the national anthem .","According to Sports Illustrated , Evans said , `` If this happens , then America 's not right right now .","I said this a long time ago .","When he ran , I thought it was a joke , and the joke continues .","I 'm not a political person that much , but I got common sense .","And I know when something 's not right . ''","However , his protest began the day following Veterans Day , so he received criticism .","He quickly changed his method of protesting and joined his teammates during the following game against the Kansas City Chiefs .","He apologized to veterans and other members of the military for his actions -- citing that the timing of his protest was poor .","`` On the field , I 'm going to continue to do what I do -- play hard .","I 'm playing hard because I 've got this right -- freedom , because of the vets .","I 'm going to reach out to organizations , organizations that I feel are doing the best job to help the minority ...","women , LGBT , African Americans , Latinos , people that are in fear of Donald Trump and his presidency . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6304166444188887432","input":"who was involved in the great wall of china","passages":[{"title":"History of the Great Wall of China","text":"In the 13th century , the Mongol leader Genghis Khan , once a vassal of the Jurchens , rose up against the Jin dynasty . In the ensuing Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty , the nomadic invaders avoided direct attacks on the Jin fortifications . Instead , when they could , the Mongols simply rode around the walls ; an effective example of this tactic is in 1211 , when they circumvented the substantial fortress in Zhangjiakou and inflicted a terrible defeat upon the Jin armies at the Battle of Yehuling . The Mongols also took advantage of lingering Liao resentment against the Jin ; the Khitan defenders of the garrisons along the Jin walls , such as those in Gubeikou , often preferred to surrender to the Mongols rather than fight them . The only major engagement of note along the main Great Wall line was at the heavily defended Juyong Pass : instead of laying siege , the Mongol general Jebe lured the defenders out into an ambush and charged in through the opened gates . In 1215 , Genghis Khan besieged , captured , and sacked the Jin capital of Yanjing ( modern - day Beijing ) . The Jin dynasty eventually collapsed following the siege of Caizhou in 1234 . Western Xia had already fallen in 1227 , and the Southern Song resisted the Mongols until 1279 .","sentences":["In the 13th century , the Mongol leader Genghis Khan , once a vassal of the Jurchens , rose up against the Jin dynasty .","In the ensuing Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty , the nomadic invaders avoided direct attacks on the Jin fortifications .","Instead , when they could , the Mongols simply rode around the walls ; an effective example of this tactic is in 1211 , when they circumvented the substantial fortress in Zhangjiakou and inflicted a terrible defeat upon the Jin armies at the Battle of Yehuling .","The Mongols also took advantage of lingering Liao resentment against the Jin ; the Khitan defenders of the garrisons along the Jin walls , such as those in Gubeikou , often preferred to surrender to the Mongols rather than fight them .","The only major engagement of note along the main Great Wall line was at the heavily defended Juyong Pass : instead of laying siege , the Mongol general Jebe lured the defenders out into an ambush and charged in through the opened gates .","In 1215 , Genghis Khan besieged , captured , and sacked the Jin capital of Yanjing ( modern - day Beijing ) .","The Jin dynasty eventually collapsed following the siege of Caizhou in 1234 .","Western Xia had already fallen in 1227 , and the Southern Song resisted the Mongols until 1279 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1561636151383518684","input":"all tables are to be numbered using arabic numerals","passages":[{"title":"Arabic numerals","text":"The widespread Western Arabic numerals used with the Latin script , in the table below labelled European , descended from the West Arabic numerals developed in al - Andalus ( Andaluc\u00eda , Spain ) and the Maghreb . Spanish scholars , because of the geographic proximity , trade , and constant warfare with the Muslim kingdoms of Southern Spain , saw a potential in the simplicity of Arabic numbers , and decided to adopt those symbols , and later other Europeans followed suit . There are two typographic styles for rendering European numerals , known as lining figures and text figures . The Arabic -- Indic or Eastern Arabic numerals , used with the Arabic script , developed primarily in what is now Iraq . A variant of the Eastern Arabic numerals used in the Persian and Urdu languages is shown below as East Arabic - Indic . The Devanagari numerals used with Devanagari and related variants are grouped as Indian numerals .","sentences":["The widespread Western Arabic numerals used with the Latin script , in the table below labelled European , descended from the West Arabic numerals developed in al - Andalus ( Andaluc\u00eda , Spain ) and the Maghreb .","Spanish scholars , because of the geographic proximity , trade , and constant warfare with the Muslim kingdoms of Southern Spain , saw a potential in the simplicity of Arabic numbers , and decided to adopt those symbols , and later other Europeans followed suit .","There are two typographic styles for rendering European numerals , known as lining figures and text figures .","The Arabic -- Indic or Eastern Arabic numerals , used with the Arabic script , developed primarily in what is now Iraq .","A variant of the Eastern Arabic numerals used in the Persian and Urdu languages is shown below as East Arabic - Indic .","The Devanagari numerals used with Devanagari and related variants are grouped as Indian numerals ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7972870381434317648","input":"who played the joker in the dark night rises","passages":[{"title":"Joker (The Dark Knight)","text":"Director Christopher Nolan had met with Ledger over the years for different roles . While meeting for the part of Batman in Batman Begins , Ledger explained that he was not interested in working on such a film . The actor reflected on his problems with portraying superheroes , saying ; `` I would just feel stupid and silly . I could n't pull it off and there are other people who can perfectly , but I just could n't take myself seriously . '' However , later impressed with Batman Begins , Ledger sought the part of the Joker from Nolan . Impressed with Ledger 's determination , Nolan cast him in the part . `` Heath was just ready to do it , he was ready to do something that big . '' Casting director John Papsidera reflected on the casting choice , saying the filmmakers knew they needed somebody courageous to play the part . Heath Ledger was cast before there was a script .","sentences":["Director Christopher Nolan had met with Ledger over the years for different roles .","While meeting for the part of Batman in Batman Begins , Ledger explained that he was not interested in working on such a film .","The actor reflected on his problems with portraying superheroes , saying ; `` I would just feel stupid and silly .","I could n't pull it off and there are other people who can perfectly , but I just could n't take myself seriously . ''","However , later impressed with Batman Begins , Ledger sought the part of the Joker from Nolan .","Impressed with Ledger 's determination , Nolan cast him in the part .","`` Heath was just ready to do it , he was ready to do something that big . ''","Casting director John Papsidera reflected on the casting choice , saying the filmmakers knew they needed somebody courageous to play the part .","Heath Ledger was cast before there was a script ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4580506426489450720","input":"is there any strike in punjab on 10 april 2018","passages":[{"title":"April 2018 caste protests in India","text":"Thousands of protesters were arrested and curfew was imposed in several places . 1700 anti-riot police were sent to states by the Government of India . Section 144 of the Criminal Procedure Code ( CrPC ) ( which prohibits assembly of more than four people ) was imposed in Haridwar , Uttarakhand . Police had filed reports against 5,000 unidentified and 285 named miscreants , while 32 agitators were arrested under various sections of the Indian Penal Code in Ghaziabad . At least fifteen FIRs were registered by the police in Ludhiana , Punjab against hundreds of unidentified protesters for alleged road blockades and for causing obstructions . The Haryana Police booked around 4,000 persons and 100 others were arrested for indulging in violence while as many as 47 FIRs were lodged . The internet services were suspended in Punjab and Rajasthan .","sentences":["Thousands of protesters were arrested and curfew was imposed in several places .","1700 anti-riot police were sent to states by the Government of India .","Section 144 of the Criminal Procedure Code ( CrPC ) ( which prohibits assembly of more than four people ) was imposed in Haridwar , Uttarakhand .","Police had filed reports against 5,000 unidentified and 285 named miscreants , while 32 agitators were arrested under various sections of the Indian Penal Code in Ghaziabad .","At least fifteen FIRs were registered by the police in Ludhiana , Punjab against hundreds of unidentified protesters for alleged road blockades and for causing obstructions .","The Haryana Police booked around 4,000 persons and 100 others were arrested for indulging in violence while as many as 47 FIRs were lodged .","The internet services were suspended in Punjab and Rajasthan ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3548430716373567915","input":"where does will find the sign of stone","passages":[{"title":"The Dark Is Rising Sequence","text":"The Lady : The Lady is the most powerful of the Old Ones . Gentle , wise and enigmatic , she is a pivotal figure throughout the series , appearing usually at important moments to turn the tide in the Light 's favor . She is an especial friend and mentor to Will and Jane . At one point in The Dark Is Rising , Will Stanton makes a critical mistake during a battle with the Dark and is saved by the Lady . Merriman tells Will that the Lady on her own is the only Old One able to overcome the full power of the Dark , although at a great cost . The sacrifice by the Lady is a critical point in the Story because she is a key element of the battle . At a later high ceremony of Old Ones , the Lady is missing and Merriman tells Will that her depleted power prevents her arrival , and she is beyond their magic to rescue but will return . She represents the Lady of the Lake , or the Lady of Avalon , King Arthur 's sister , as they both embark on Arthur 's boat Pridwen in Silver on the Tree . The Lady , like King Arthur , is affiliated with The Light and the High Magic . In Silver on the Tree , she initially can only communicate with Jane Drew , the one girl among the Six , telling Jane they share a special bond in being female , and calls her `` Jane , Jana , Juno '' , referring to Jana ( in Roman mythology , a variant form of Diana ) or Juno , the queen of the gods .","sentences":["The Lady : The Lady is the most powerful of the Old Ones .","Gentle , wise and enigmatic , she is a pivotal figure throughout the series , appearing usually at important moments to turn the tide in the Light 's favor .","She is an especial friend and mentor to Will and Jane .","At one point in The Dark Is Rising , Will Stanton makes a critical mistake during a battle with the Dark and is saved by the Lady .","Merriman tells Will that the Lady on her own is the only Old One able to overcome the full power of the Dark , although at a great cost .","The sacrifice by the Lady is a critical point in the Story because she is a key element of the battle .","At a later high ceremony of Old Ones , the Lady is missing and Merriman tells Will that her depleted power prevents her arrival , and she is beyond their magic to rescue but will return .","She represents the Lady of the Lake , or the Lady of Avalon , King Arthur 's sister , as they both embark on Arthur 's boat Pridwen in Silver on the Tree .","The Lady , like King Arthur , is affiliated with The Light and the High Magic .","In Silver on the Tree , she initially can only communicate with Jane Drew , the one girl among the Six , telling Jane they share a special bond in being female , and calls her `` Jane , Jana , Juno '' , referring to Jana ( in Roman mythology , a variant form of Diana ) or Juno , the queen of the gods ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7365105207044781213","input":"history of public administration in the united states","passages":[{"title":"Public administration","text":"By the 1920s , scholars of public administration had responded to Wilson 's solicitation and thus textbooks in this field were introduced . A few distinguished scholars of that period were , Luther Gulick , Lyndall Urwick , Henri Fayol , Frederick Taylor , and others . Frederick Taylor ( 1856 -- 1915 ) , another prominent scholar in the field of administration and management also published a book entitled The Principles of Scientific Management ( 1911 ) . He believed that scientific analysis would lead to the discovery of the `` one best way '' to do things or carrying out an operation . This , according to him could help save cost and time . Taylor 's technique was later introduced to private industrialists , and later into the various government organizations ( Jeong , 2007 ) .","sentences":["By the 1920s , scholars of public administration had responded to Wilson 's solicitation and thus textbooks in this field were introduced .","A few distinguished scholars of that period were , Luther Gulick , Lyndall Urwick , Henri Fayol , Frederick Taylor , and others .","Frederick Taylor ( 1856 -- 1915 ) , another prominent scholar in the field of administration and management also published a book entitled The Principles of Scientific Management ( 1911 ) .","He believed that scientific analysis would lead to the discovery of the `` one best way '' to do things or carrying out an operation .","This , according to him could help save cost and time .","Taylor 's technique was later introduced to private industrialists , and later into the various government organizations ( Jeong , 2007 ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6497517718539263510","input":"bert and ernie how they got their names","passages":[{"title":"Bert and Ernie","text":"Arab World , Iftah Ya Simsim , Bert is `` Badr '' , and Ernie is `` Anis '' . They are called `` Anis w Badr '' Brazil , Vila S\u00e9samo , Bert is `` Beto '' , and Ernie is `` \u00canio '' . They 're called `` \u00canio e Beto '' . Egypt , Alam Simsim , Bert is `` Hadi '' , and Ernie is Shadi . They are known as `` Shadi w Hadi '' . France , 1 , Rue S\u00e9same , Bert is `` Bart '' and Ernie is `` Ernest '' . They are called `` Ernest et Bart '' . It is also interesting to note that in the French version , when Bert 's brother Bart comes to visit , he is called `` Bert '' . Germany , Sesamstra\u00dfe , they are called `` Ernie und Bert '' . Israel , Rechov Sumsum , Bert is `` Bentz '' , a common short - form for the name `` Ben - Tzion '' , and Ernie is `` Arik '' , short - form for `` Ariel '' . Italy , `` Sesamo apriti '' , Bert is `` Berto '' and Ernie is `` Ernesto '' . They are called `` Ernesto e Berto '' . Mexico and all Latin America , Plaza S\u00e9samo , Bert is `` Beto '' , while Ernie is `` Enrique '' . In addition , Ernie 's cousin Ernestine is called `` Enriqueta '' . Netherlands , Sesamstraat they are `` Bert en Ernie '' . Paul Haenen provides Bert 's voice , and Wim T. Schippers provides Ernie 's . Norway , Sesam Stasjon , Bert is `` Bernt '' , while Ernie is `` Erling '' . Usually , they 're called `` Bernt og Erling '' , respecitvely voiced by Harald M\u00e6le and Magnus Nielsen . Pakistan , Khul Ja Sim Sim , Bert is `` Bablu '' , while Ernie is `` Annu '' . They are commonly called `` Annu aur Bablu '' . Poland , Ulica Sezamkowa , Bert is `` Hubert '' and Ernie is `` Emil '' . They are called `` Hubert i Emil '' . Portugal , Rua S\u00e9samo , Bert is `` Becas '' and Ernie is `` Egas '' . They are called `` Egas e Becas '' , in the opposite order . Russia , Ulitsa Sezam , Bert is Vlas and Ernie is Yenik . They are called Yenik i Vlas Spain , Barrio S\u00e9samo , Bert is `` Blas '' , and Ernie is `` Epi '' . Also , they 're always called `` Epi y Blas '' , in the opposite order . Turkey , Susam Soka\u011f\u0131 , Bert is `` B\u00fcd\u00fc '' , while Ernie is `` Edi '' . They are commonly called `` Edi ile B\u00fcd\u00fc '' .","sentences":["Arab World , Iftah Ya Simsim , Bert is `` Badr '' , and Ernie is `` Anis '' .","They are called `` Anis w Badr '' Brazil , Vila S\u00e9samo , Bert is `` Beto '' , and Ernie is `` \u00canio '' .","They 're called `` \u00canio e Beto '' .","Egypt , Alam Simsim , Bert is `` Hadi '' , and Ernie is Shadi .","They are known as `` Shadi w Hadi '' .","France , 1 , Rue S\u00e9same , Bert is `` Bart '' and Ernie is `` Ernest '' .","They are called `` Ernest et Bart '' .","It is also interesting to note that in the French version , when Bert 's brother Bart comes to visit , he is called `` Bert '' .","Germany , Sesamstra\u00dfe , they are called `` Ernie und Bert '' .","Israel , Rechov Sumsum , Bert is `` Bentz '' , a common short - form for the name `` Ben - Tzion '' , and Ernie is `` Arik '' , short - form for `` Ariel '' .","Italy , `` Sesamo apriti '' , Bert is `` Berto '' and Ernie is `` Ernesto '' .","They are called `` Ernesto e Berto '' .","Mexico and all Latin America , Plaza S\u00e9samo , Bert is `` Beto '' , while Ernie is `` Enrique '' .","In addition , Ernie 's cousin Ernestine is called `` Enriqueta '' .","Netherlands , Sesamstraat they are `` Bert en Ernie '' .","Paul Haenen provides Bert 's voice , and Wim T. Schippers provides Ernie 's .","Norway , Sesam Stasjon , Bert is `` Bernt '' , while Ernie is `` Erling '' .","Usually , they 're called `` Bernt og Erling '' , respecitvely voiced by Harald M\u00e6le and Magnus Nielsen .","Pakistan , Khul Ja Sim Sim , Bert is `` Bablu '' , while Ernie is `` Annu '' .","They are commonly called `` Annu aur Bablu '' .","Poland , Ulica Sezamkowa , Bert is `` Hubert '' and Ernie is `` Emil '' .","They are called `` Hubert i Emil '' .","Portugal , Rua S\u00e9samo , Bert is `` Becas '' and Ernie is `` Egas '' .","They are called `` Egas e Becas '' , in the opposite order .","Russia , Ulitsa Sezam , Bert is Vlas and Ernie is Yenik .","They are called Yenik","i Vlas Spain , Barrio S\u00e9samo , Bert is `` Blas '' , and Ernie is `` Epi '' .","Also , they 're always called `` Epi y Blas '' , in the opposite order .","Turkey , Susam Soka\u011f\u0131 , Bert is `` B\u00fcd\u00fc '' , while Ernie is `` Edi '' .","They are commonly called `` Edi ile B\u00fcd\u00fc '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-985796707136788246","input":"how many chapters are in son by lois lowry","passages":[{"title":"Son (novel)","text":"Claire retains curiosity for her son as she begins work at the Fish Hatchery and begins casually volunteering at the infant nurturing center to see him . As she plays with Thirty - Six , she quickly grows to love him , a feeling she finds that she alone experiences . She later realizes that all adult community members take pills that suppress emotions . As a Birth Mother , she was instructed not to take the pills , and the matter was overlooked in her reassignment . Claire is told that Thirty - Six is going `` Elsewhere '' for his failure to thrive according to the community 's standards . Before she can do anything , her son is saved and taken away by Jonas , the protagonist from The Giver . Claire attempts to follow them on a supply boat , but the boat soon encounters a strong storm and is shipwrecked .","sentences":["Claire retains curiosity for her son as she begins work at the Fish Hatchery and begins casually volunteering at the infant nurturing center to see him .","As she plays with Thirty - Six , she quickly grows to love him , a feeling she finds that she alone experiences .","She later realizes that all adult community members take pills that suppress emotions .","As a Birth Mother , she was instructed not to take the pills , and the matter was overlooked in her reassignment .","Claire is told that Thirty - Six is going `` Elsewhere '' for his failure to thrive according to the community 's standards .","Before she can do anything , her son is saved and taken away by Jonas , the protagonist from The Giver .","Claire attempts to follow them on a supply boat , but the boat soon encounters a strong storm and is shipwrecked ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4080912089898686670","input":"speech to the american equal rights association summary","passages":[{"title":"American Equal Rights Association","text":"Disagreement was especially sharp over the proposed Fifteenth Amendment , which would prohibit the denial of suffrage because of race . In practice it would , theoretically at least , guarantee suffrage for virtually all males . Anthony and Stanton opposed passage of the amendment unless it was accompanied by a Sixteenth Amendment that would guarantee suffrage for women . Otherwise , they said , it would create an `` aristocracy of sex '' by giving constitutional authority to the belief that men were superior to women . Male power and privilege was at the root of society 's ills , Stanton argued , and nothing should be done to strengthen it . Anthony and Stanton also warned that black men , who would have voting power under the amendment , were overwhelmingly opposed to women 's suffrage . ( They were not alone in being unsure of black male support for women 's suffrage . Frederick Douglass , a strong supporter of women 's suffrage , said , `` The race to which I belong have not generally taken the right ground on this question . '' )","sentences":["Disagreement was especially sharp over the proposed Fifteenth Amendment , which would prohibit the denial of suffrage because of race .","In practice it would , theoretically at least , guarantee suffrage for virtually all males .","Anthony and Stanton opposed passage of the amendment unless it was accompanied by a Sixteenth Amendment that would guarantee suffrage for women .","Otherwise , they said , it would create an `` aristocracy of sex '' by giving constitutional authority to the belief that men were superior to women .","Male power and privilege was at the root of society 's ills , Stanton argued , and nothing should be done to strengthen it .","Anthony and Stanton also warned that black men , who would have voting power under the amendment , were overwhelmingly opposed to women 's suffrage .","( They were not alone in being unsure of black male support for women 's suffrage .","Frederick Douglass , a strong supporter of women 's suffrage , said , `` The race to which I belong have not generally taken the right ground on this question . '' )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5415609997531043369","input":"who were the principal musicians of the jazz avant-garde","passages":[{"title":"Cool jazz","text":"In 1948 , Miles Davis formed a nonet including Mulligan , Konitz , and Evans from Thornhill 's orchestra . Capitol Records recorded the group ( at arranger Pete Rugolo 's suggestion ) in 1949 and 1950 . These recordings , originally issued as 78 rpm records , were later compiled as Birth of the Cool ( 1957 ) . Gerry Mulligan explained that the idea behind Davis 's Nonet was not to get away from bebop , but `` just to try to get a good little rehearsal band together . Something to write for ... As far as the ' Cool Jazz ' part of it , all of that comes after the fact of what it was designed to be . '' As for Davis , his concern at the time was simply to play with a lighter sound , which he believed to be more expressive . Also his choice of notes suggested great deliberation rather than wild exuberance","sentences":["In 1948 , Miles Davis formed a nonet including Mulligan , Konitz , and Evans from Thornhill 's orchestra .","Capitol Records recorded the group ( at arranger Pete Rugolo 's suggestion ) in 1949 and 1950 .","These recordings , originally issued as 78 rpm records , were later compiled as Birth of the Cool ( 1957 ) .","Gerry Mulligan explained that the idea behind Davis 's Nonet was not to get away from bebop , but `` just to try to get a good little rehearsal band together .","Something to write for ...","As far as the ' Cool Jazz ' part of it , all of that comes after the fact of what it was designed to be . ''","As for Davis , his concern at the time was simply to play with a lighter sound , which he believed to be more expressive .","Also his choice of notes suggested great deliberation rather than wild exuberance"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6476820702671362666","input":"the equal rights amendment banned discrimination based on which of these","passages":[{"title":"Equal Rights Amendment","text":"Opponents of the ERA focused on traditional gender roles , such as how men do the fighting in wartime . They argued that the amendment would eliminate the men - only draft requirement and guarantee the possibility that women would be subject to conscription and be required to have military combat roles in future wars if it were passed . Defense of traditional gender roles proved to be a useful tactic . In Illinois , supporters of Phyllis Schlafly , a conservative Republican activist from Illinois , used traditional symbols of the American housewife . They took homemade bread , jams , and apple pies to the state legislators , with the slogans , `` Preserve us from a congressional jam ; Vote against the ERA sham '' and `` I am for Mom and apple pie . '' They appealed to married women by stressing that the amendment would repeal protective laws such as alimony and eliminate the tendency for mothers to obtain custody over their children in divorce cases . It was suggested that single - sex bathrooms would be eliminated and same - sex couples would be able to get married if the amendment were passed . Traditional women started to oppose the ERA . Schlafly said the ERA was designed for the benefit of young career women and warned that if men and women had to be treated identically it would threaten the security of middle - aged housewives with no job skills . They could no longer count on alimony or Social Security . Opponents also argued that men and women were already equal enough with the passage of the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , and that women 's colleges would have to admit men . Her argument that protective laws would be lost resonated with working - class women . Phyllis","sentences":["Opponents of the ERA focused on traditional gender roles , such as how men do the fighting in wartime .","They argued that the amendment would eliminate the men - only draft requirement and guarantee the possibility that women would be subject to conscription and be required to have military combat roles in future wars if it were passed .","Defense of traditional gender roles proved to be a useful tactic .","In Illinois , supporters of Phyllis Schlafly , a conservative Republican activist from Illinois , used traditional symbols of the American housewife .","They took homemade bread , jams , and apple pies to the state legislators , with the slogans , `` Preserve us from a congressional jam ; Vote against the ERA sham '' and `` I am for Mom and apple pie . ''","They appealed to married women by stressing that the amendment would repeal protective laws such as alimony and eliminate the tendency for mothers to obtain custody over their children in divorce cases .","It was suggested that single - sex bathrooms would be eliminated and same - sex couples would be able to get married if the amendment were passed .","Traditional women started to oppose the ERA .","Schlafly said the ERA was designed for the benefit of young career women and warned that if men and women had to be treated identically it would threaten the security of middle - aged housewives with no job skills .","They could no longer count on alimony or Social Security .","Opponents also argued that men and women were already equal enough with the passage of the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , and that women 's colleges would have to admit men .","Her argument that protective laws would be lost resonated with working - class women .","Phyllis"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2220697306443143650","input":"who is a pretty little liars season 7","passages":[{"title":"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)","text":"After receiving a job offer as the Rosewood High swim coach , Emily discovers that Paige has returned to Rosewood and is also a candidate for the job . Hanna is visited by Mrs. Grunwald , who warns her about Noel . Meanwhile , Alison goes back to work at Rosewood High , but finds it difficult after her students play a prank on her . Aria struggles with her relationship with Ezra after telling him she deleted a call that came from Nicole 's cellphone , and later , with Spencer , visits the doctor who delivered Mary 's baby in order to get answers . Aria buys a plane ticket for Ezra to get him closer to the latest news on Nicole , delaying their wedding . After not getting any help from the Liars , Hanna goes rogue and decides to work alone in an unknown plan to try and discover who `` A.D. '' is .","sentences":["After receiving a job offer as the Rosewood High swim coach , Emily discovers that Paige has returned to Rosewood and is also a candidate for the job .","Hanna is visited by Mrs. Grunwald , who warns her about Noel .","Meanwhile , Alison goes back to work at Rosewood High , but finds it difficult after her students play a prank on her .","Aria struggles with her relationship with Ezra after telling him she deleted a call that came from Nicole 's cellphone , and later , with Spencer , visits the doctor who delivered Mary 's baby in order to get answers .","Aria buys a plane ticket for Ezra to get him closer to the latest news on Nicole , delaying their wedding .","After not getting any help from the Liars , Hanna goes rogue and decides to work alone in an unknown plan to try and discover who `` A.D. '' is ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-143096057708042154","input":"english and french are spoken in many parts of africa because","passages":[{"title":"African French","text":"cadav\u00e9r\u00e9 means broken , worn out , exhausted , or dead . It is the local pronunciation of the standard French word cadavre whose meaning in standard French is `` corpse '' . The word cadav\u00e9r\u00e9 has now spread to other African countries due to the popularity of Congolese music in Africa . makasi means strong , resistant . It is a loanword from Lingala . anti-nuit are sunglasses worn by partiers at night . It is a word coined locally and whose literal meaning in standard French is `` anti-night '' . It is one of the many Kinshasa slang words related to nightlife and partying . A reveler is known locally as un ambianceur , from standard French ambiance which means atmosphere . casser le bic , literally `` to break the Bic '' , means to stop going to school . `` Bic '' is colloquially used to refer to a ballpoint pen in Belgian French and Kinshasa French , but not in standard French . merci mingi means `` thank you very much '' . It comes from standard French merci ( `` thank you '' ) and Lingala mingi ( `` a lot '' ) . un zibolateur is a bottle opener . It comes from the Lingala verb kozibola which means `` to open something that is blocked up or bottled '' , to which was added the standard French ending - ateur . un t\u00e9tanos is a rickety old taxi . In standard French t\u00e9tanos means `` tetanus '' . moyen t\u00ea vraiment means `` absolutely impossible '' . It comes from moyen t\u00ea ( `` there 's no way '' ) , itself made up of standard French moyen ( `` way '' ) and Lingala t\u00ea ( `` not '' , `` no '' ) , to which was added standard French vraiment ( `` really '' ) .","sentences":["cadav\u00e9r\u00e9 means broken , worn out , exhausted , or dead .","It is the local pronunciation of the standard French word cadavre whose meaning in standard French is `` corpse '' .","The word cadav\u00e9r\u00e9 has now spread to other African countries due to the popularity of Congolese music in Africa .","makasi means strong , resistant .","It is a loanword from Lingala .","anti-nuit are sunglasses worn by partiers at night .","It is a word coined locally and whose literal meaning in standard French is `` anti-night '' .","It is one of the many Kinshasa slang words related to nightlife and partying .","A reveler is known locally as un ambianceur , from standard French ambiance which means atmosphere .","casser le bic , literally `` to break the Bic '' , means to stop going to school .","`` Bic '' is colloquially used to refer to a ballpoint pen in Belgian French and Kinshasa French , but not in standard French .","merci mingi means `` thank you very much '' .","It comes from standard French merci ( `` thank you '' ) and Lingala mingi ( `` a lot '' ) .","un zibolateur is a bottle opener .","It comes from the Lingala verb kozibola which means `` to open something that is blocked up or bottled '' , to which was added the standard French ending - ateur .","un t\u00e9tanos is a rickety old taxi .","In standard French t\u00e9tanos means `` tetanus '' .","moyen t\u00ea vraiment means `` absolutely impossible '' .","It comes from moyen t\u00ea ( `` there 's no way '' ) , itself made up of standard French moyen ( `` way '' )","and Lingala t\u00ea ( `` not '' , `` no '' ) , to which was added standard French vraiment ( `` really '' ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3798593716671762540","input":"how do i get to dubuque from here","passages":[{"title":"Dubuque, Iowa","text":"The Dubuque Arboretum and Botanical Gardens have won a number of awards . The Dubuque County Courthouse , with its Beaux - Arts architecture , is on the register . The Five Flags Theater was built in 1910 , and is on the National Historic Landmark Registry . The Fourth Street Elevator ( also known as the Fenelon Place Elevator ) is located in Downtown Dubuque . This elevator , which is the shortest and steepest railroad in existence , takes passengers up and down one of the large bluffs that dominate the city . The Grand Opera House , a large , grandiose theatre in the downtown district , is one of the epicenters of Dubuque 's thriving local theatre scene . Designed by Willoughby J. Edbrooke , it was erected in 1890 and is on the register . The Julien Dubuque Bridge is a National Historic Landmark . Linwood Cemetery is noted for a number of famous people buried there . The Shot Tower , which was used to produce lead shot and is one of the few such towers left in existence , is also a National Historic Landmark .","sentences":["The Dubuque Arboretum and Botanical Gardens have won a number of awards .","The Dubuque County Courthouse , with its Beaux - Arts architecture , is on the register .","The Five Flags Theater was built in 1910 , and is on the National Historic Landmark Registry .","The Fourth Street Elevator ( also known as the Fenelon Place Elevator ) is located in Downtown Dubuque .","This elevator , which is the shortest and steepest railroad in existence , takes passengers up and down one of the large bluffs that dominate the city .","The Grand Opera House , a large , grandiose theatre in the downtown district , is one of the epicenters of Dubuque 's thriving local theatre scene .","Designed by Willoughby J. Edbrooke , it was erected in 1890 and is on the register .","The Julien Dubuque Bridge is a National Historic Landmark .","Linwood Cemetery is noted for a number of famous people buried there .","The Shot Tower , which was used to produce lead shot and is one of the few such towers left in existence , is also a National Historic Landmark ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1461167092409454775","input":"who is this doing this synthetic type of alpha beta psychedelic funkin' lyrics","passages":[{"title":"Elektrobank","text":"`` Elektrobank '' is a song by English electronic music duo The Chemical Brothers . It was released as a single from their second album , Dig Your Own Hole , on September 1997 . It peaked at number 17 on the UK Singles Chart . Spike Jonze directed the music video , which depicted a mixed artistic gymnastics \/ rhythmic gymnastics competition with his future wife Sofia Coppola as one of the competitors . It has been called `` arguably Jonze 's greatest music video '' . Despite reaching number 17 in the UK Singles Chart , the single does not feature on either of the duo 's singles compilations , Singles 93 -- 03 and Brotherhood .","sentences":["`` Elektrobank '' is a song by English electronic music duo The Chemical Brothers .","It was released as a single from their second album , Dig Your Own Hole , on September 1997 .","It peaked at number 17 on the UK Singles Chart .","Spike Jonze directed the music video , which depicted a mixed artistic gymnastics \/ rhythmic gymnastics competition with his future wife Sofia Coppola as one of the competitors .","It has been called `` arguably Jonze 's greatest music video '' .","Despite reaching number 17 in the UK Singles Chart , the single does not feature on either of the duo 's singles compilations , Singles 93 -- 03 and Brotherhood ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3131690616217831275","input":"who has a green white and red flag","passages":[{"title":"Flag of Ireland","text":"In the Irish Free State which existed between 1922 and 1937 , the flag was adopted by the Executive Council . The Free State constitution did not specify national symbols ; the decision to use the flag was made without recourse to statute . When the Free State joined the League of Nations in September 1923 , the new flag `` created a good deal of interest amongst the general public '' in Geneva . The defeated republicans who had fought the Free State 's forces in the 1922 -- 23 Civil War regarded the tricolour as the flag of the self - proclaimed Irish Republic , and condemned its appropriation by the new state , as expressed in the song `` Take It Down From The Mast '' . The Executive Council 's decision was a provisional one . A 1928 British document said :","sentences":["In the Irish Free State which existed between 1922 and 1937 , the flag was adopted by the Executive Council .","The Free State constitution did not specify national symbols ; the decision to use the flag was made without recourse to statute .","When the Free State joined the League of Nations in September 1923 , the new flag `` created a good deal of interest amongst the general public '' in Geneva .","The defeated republicans who had fought the Free State 's forces in the 1922 -- 23 Civil War regarded the tricolour as the flag of the self - proclaimed Irish Republic , and condemned its appropriation by the new state , as expressed in the song `` Take It Down From The Mast '' .","The Executive Council 's decision was a provisional one .","A 1928 British document said :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8313392929546895712","input":"fullmetal alchemist brotherhood season 1 episode 1 dubbed","passages":[{"title":"List of Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood episodes","text":"Back when Izumi was eighteen years old , she had traveled to meet the alchemist Silver Steiner and had requested to be his apprentice . Giving her only a knife , he had told her to survive one month on the summit of Briggs before she can become his apprentice . On the second day , she had been found by some of guards of Briggs Fortress , but had managed to beat them and take their food rations . On the eighth day , she had been close to starving to death , but then had become motivated to survive . As she had learned to defend herself and live off of the wildlife , she had realized the meaning behind alchemy , saying that one is all , and all is one . However , returning after a month , it is revealed she had been talking to Silver 's older brother , Gold Steiner , who is not an alchemist but rather a hand - to - hand combat specialist . Annoyed , Izumi beats him and leaves . This ends with an exaggerated look on the first meeting between Izumi and Sig .","sentences":["Back when Izumi was eighteen years old , she had traveled to meet the alchemist Silver Steiner and had requested to be his apprentice .","Giving her only a knife , he had told her to survive one month on the summit of Briggs before she can become his apprentice .","On the second day , she had been found by some of guards of Briggs Fortress , but had managed to beat them and take their food rations .","On the eighth day , she had been close to starving to death , but then had become motivated to survive .","As she had learned to defend herself and live off of the wildlife , she had realized the meaning behind alchemy , saying that one is all , and all is one .","However , returning after a month , it is revealed she had been talking to Silver 's older brother , Gold Steiner , who is not an alchemist but rather a hand - to - hand combat specialist .","Annoyed , Izumi beats him and leaves .","This ends with an exaggerated look on the first meeting between Izumi and Sig ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3278406418371273110","input":"how long is ex on the beach on for","passages":[{"title":"Ex on the Beach","text":"Ex on the Beach is a reality television series that is broadcast on MTV . The series was first announced in February 2014 and premiered on 22 April 2014 . It features eight single men and women enjoying a summer holiday in paradise whilst looking for love . However , they were joined by their exes to shake things up . Each ex was there either for painful revenge or to rekindle their love . The show is narrated by Irish comedian Andrew Maxwell .","sentences":["Ex on the Beach is a reality television series that is broadcast on MTV .","The series was first announced in February 2014 and premiered on 22 April 2014 .","It features eight single men and women enjoying a summer holiday in paradise whilst looking for love .","However , they were joined by their exes to shake things up .","Each ex was there either for painful revenge or to rekindle their love .","The show is narrated by Irish comedian Andrew Maxwell ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6698601752873842545","input":"what is the correct chronological order of west african kingdoms","passages":[{"title":"History of West Africa","text":"In the city of Gobir , Usman dan Fodio ( 1754 -- 1817 ) accused the Hausa leadership of practising an impure version of Islam and of being morally corrupt . In 1804 , he launched the Fulani War as a jihad among a population that was restless about high taxes and discontented with its leaders . Jihad fever swept northern Nigeria , with strong support among both the Fulani and the Hausa . Usman created an empire that included parts of northern Nigeria , Benin , and Cameroon , with Sokoto as its capital . He retired to teach and write and handed the empire to his son Muhammed Bello . The Sokoto Caliphate lasted until 1903 when the British conquered northern Nigeria . Forest","sentences":["In the city of Gobir , Usman dan Fodio ( 1754 -- 1817 ) accused the Hausa leadership of practising an impure version of Islam and of being morally corrupt .","In 1804 , he launched the Fulani War as a jihad among a population that was restless about high taxes and discontented with its leaders .","Jihad fever swept northern Nigeria , with strong support among both the Fulani and the Hausa .","Usman created an empire that included parts of northern Nigeria , Benin , and Cameroon , with Sokoto as its capital .","He retired to teach and write and handed the empire to his son Muhammed Bello .","The Sokoto Caliphate lasted until 1903 when the British conquered northern Nigeria .","Forest"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5505303516555241021","input":"real-world example in which hidden variables may be an issue","passages":[{"title":"Correlation does not imply causation","text":"Well - designed experimental studies replace equality of individuals as in the previous example by equality of groups . The objective is to construct two groups that are similar except for the treatment that the groups receive . This is achieved by selecting subjects from a single population and randomly assigning them to two or more groups . The likelihood of the groups behaving similarly to one another ( on average ) rises with the number of subjects in each group . If the groups are essentially equivalent except for the treatment they receive , and a difference in the outcome for the groups is observed , then this constitutes evidence that the treatment is responsible for the outcome , or in other words the treatment causes the observed effect . However , an observed effect could also be caused `` by chance '' , for example as a result of random perturbations in the population . Statistical tests exist to quantify the likelihood of erroneously concluding that an observed difference exists when in fact it does not ( for example see P - value ) .","sentences":["Well - designed experimental studies replace equality of individuals as in the previous example by equality of groups .","The objective is to construct two groups that are similar except for the treatment that the groups receive .","This is achieved by selecting subjects from a single population and randomly assigning them to two or more groups .","The likelihood of the groups behaving similarly to one another ( on average ) rises with the number of subjects in each group .","If the groups are essentially equivalent except for the treatment they receive , and a difference in the outcome for the groups is observed , then this constitutes evidence that the treatment is responsible for the outcome , or in other words the treatment causes the observed effect .","However , an observed effect could also be caused `` by chance '' , for example as a result of random perturbations in the population .","Statistical tests exist to quantify the likelihood of erroneously concluding that an observed difference exists when in fact it does not ( for example see P - value ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8398821190631036673","input":"how did the u.s. navy make an immediate difference in the war","passages":[{"title":"Military history of the United States","text":"In 1983 fighting between Palestinian refugees and Lebanese factions reignited that nation 's long - running civil war . A UN agreement brought an international force of peacekeepers to occupy Beirut and guarantee security . US Marines landed in August 1982 along with Italian and French forces . On October 23 , 1983 , a suicide bomber driving a truck filled with 6 tons of TNT crashed through a fence and destroyed the Marine barracks , killing 241 Marines ; seconds later , a second bomber leveled a French barracks , killing 58 . Subsequently , the US Navy engaged in bombing of militia positions inside Lebanon . While US President Ronald Reagan was initially defiant , political pressure at home eventually forced the withdrawal of the Marines in February 1984 . In","sentences":["In 1983 fighting between Palestinian refugees and Lebanese factions reignited that nation 's long - running civil war .","A UN agreement brought an international force of peacekeepers to occupy Beirut and guarantee security .","US Marines landed in August 1982 along with Italian and French forces .","On October 23 , 1983 , a suicide bomber driving a truck filled with 6 tons of TNT crashed through a fence and destroyed the Marine barracks , killing 241 Marines ; seconds later , a second bomber leveled a French barracks , killing 58 .","Subsequently , the US Navy engaged in bombing of militia positions inside Lebanon .","While US President Ronald Reagan was initially defiant , political pressure at home eventually forced the withdrawal of the Marines in February 1984 .","In"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4597464444333004536","input":"what are the names of the kings two sons","passages":[{"title":"List of rulers of N\u00famenor","text":"Tar - S\u00farion ( S.A. 1174 -- 1574 , r . S.A. 1394 -- 1556 ) was the ninth ruler of N\u00famenor , succeeding his father Tar - An\u00e1rion . Tar - S\u00farion had two older sisters , but they were said to have no interest in ruling , so he became King . His name means `` Wind - son '' . The Elves of Eregion conceived of the forging of the Rings of Power during his reign . He was succeeded by his oldest child , his daughter , Tar - Telperi\u00ebn . Through his second child and oldest son Isilmo , he was grandfather to Tar - Minastir .","sentences":["Tar - S\u00farion ( S.A. 1174 -- 1574 , r .","S.A. 1394 -- 1556 ) was the ninth ruler of N\u00famenor , succeeding his father Tar - An\u00e1rion .","Tar - S\u00farion had two older sisters , but they were said to have no interest in ruling , so he became King .","His name means `` Wind - son '' .","The Elves of Eregion conceived of the forging of the Rings of Power during his reign .","He was succeeded by his oldest child , his daughter , Tar - Telperi\u00ebn .","Through his second child and oldest son Isilmo , he was grandfather to Tar - Minastir ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1504052370161796099","input":"who wrote the dong mary did you know","passages":[{"title":"Mary Had a Little Lamb","text":"This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( May 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) William","sentences":["This section needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( May 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","William"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7785761100467032941","input":"what was left of spain's empire by 1914","passages":[{"title":"History of Palau","text":"Japan incorporated the islands as an integral part of its empire , establishing the Nanyo - cho government with Koror Island as the capital . From 1914 to 1922 , the Japanese Imperial Navy had been in control . Civilian control was introduced from 1922 , and Palau was one of six administrative districts within the Mandate . Japan mounted an aggressive economic development program and promoted large scale immigration by Japanese , Okinawans and Koreans . Native Palauans soon became a small minority in their own homeland . The Japanese continued the German mining activities , and also established bonito ( skipjack tuna ) canning and copra processing plants in Palau . Japanese economic activity was so extensive during their occupation , that the industrial capital , Koror , was once termed by Japanese officials and tourists as `` chiisai Tokyo '' , meaning `` little Tokyo . ''","sentences":["Japan incorporated the islands as an integral part of its empire , establishing the Nanyo - cho government with Koror Island as the capital .","From 1914 to 1922 , the Japanese Imperial Navy had been in control .","Civilian control was introduced from 1922 , and Palau was one of six administrative districts within the Mandate .","Japan mounted an aggressive economic development program and promoted large scale immigration by Japanese , Okinawans and Koreans .","Native Palauans soon became a small minority in their own homeland .","The Japanese continued the German mining activities , and also established bonito ( skipjack tuna ) canning and copra processing plants in Palau .","Japanese economic activity was so extensive during their occupation , that the industrial capital , Koror , was once termed by Japanese officials and tourists as `` chiisai Tokyo '' , meaning `` little Tokyo . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2501670471562511964","input":"the life and death of charlie st cloud full movie","passages":[{"title":"Charlie St. Cloud","text":"Along with his friend Alistair and Tess 's coach Tink , Charlie takes a boat to find her . The following sunset , Charlie misses his game with Sam . As Charlie confesses his love for his departed sibling , Sam tells Charlie that he loves him back and moves on from the living world . He appears to Charlie as a shooting star in the sky to reveal Tess ' location . The group finds Tess ' wrecked boat along with her lying on the rocks . Charlie uses his body heat to keep Tess warm until they are found by the Coast Guard .","sentences":["Along with his friend Alistair and Tess 's coach Tink , Charlie takes a boat to find her .","The following sunset , Charlie misses his game with Sam .","As Charlie confesses his love for his departed sibling , Sam tells Charlie that he loves him back and moves on from the living world .","He appears to Charlie as a shooting star in the sky to reveal Tess ' location .","The group finds Tess ' wrecked boat along with her lying on the rocks .","Charlie uses his body heat to keep Tess warm until they are found by the Coast Guard ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1350637464870446292","input":"what led to the development of the blues","passages":[{"title":"Origins of the blues","text":"Songs from this period had many different structures . A testimony of those times can be found for instance in Henry Thomas 's recordings . However , the twelve - , eight - bar , or sixteen - bar structure based on tonic , subdominant and dominant chords became the most common . Melodically , blues music is marked by the use of the lowered third and dominant seventh ( so - called blue notes ) of the associated major scale . The standard 12 - bar blues form is noted in uncorroborated oral histories as appearing communities throughout the region along the lower Mississippi River during the decade of the 1900s ( and performed in New Orleans at least since 1908 ) . One of these early sites of blues evolution was along Beale Street in Memphis , Tennessee . However , author Eileen Southern has pointed out several contrasting statements by old - time musicians . She cites Eubie Blake as saying `` Blues in Baltimore ? Why , Baltimore is the blues ! '' and Bunk Johnson as claiming that the blues was around in his childhood , in the 1880s .","sentences":["Songs from this period had many different structures .","A testimony of those times can be found for instance in Henry Thomas 's recordings .","However , the twelve - , eight - bar , or sixteen - bar structure based on tonic , subdominant and dominant chords became the most common .","Melodically , blues music is marked by the use of the lowered third and dominant seventh ( so - called blue notes ) of the associated major scale .","The standard 12 - bar blues form is noted in uncorroborated oral histories as appearing communities throughout the region along the lower Mississippi River during the decade of the 1900s ( and performed in New Orleans at least since 1908 ) .","One of these early sites of blues evolution was along Beale Street in Memphis , Tennessee .","However , author Eileen Southern has pointed out several contrasting statements by old - time musicians .","She cites Eubie Blake as saying `` Blues in Baltimore ?","Why , Baltimore is the blues ! ''","and Bunk Johnson as claiming that the blues was around in his childhood , in the 1880s ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1221477140016229022","input":"how much of the world's cocoa comes from ghana","passages":[{"title":"Cocoa production in Ghana","text":"In 1979 , the government initiated reform of the cocoa sector , focusing on the government 's role in controlling the industry through the Cocoa Marketing Board . The board was dissolved and reconstituted as the Ghana Cocoa Board ( Cocobod ) . In 1984 it underwent further institutional reform aimed at subjecting the cocoa sector to market forces . Cocobod 's role was reduced , and 40 percent of its staff , or at least 35,000 employees , were dismissed . Furthermore , the government shifted responsibility for crop transport to the private sector . Subsidies for production inputs ( fertilizers , insecticides , fungicides , and equipment ) were removed , and there was a measure of privatization of the processing sector through at least one joint venture . In addition , a new payment system known as the Akuafo Check System was introduced in 1982 at the point of purchase of dried beans . Formerly , produce buying clerks had often held back cash payments , abused funds , and paid farmers with false checks . Under the Akuafo system , a farmer was given a check signed by the produce clerk and the treasurer that he could cash at a bank of his choice .","sentences":["In 1979 , the government initiated reform of the cocoa sector , focusing on the government 's role in controlling the industry through the Cocoa Marketing Board .","The board was dissolved and reconstituted as the Ghana Cocoa Board ( Cocobod ) .","In 1984 it underwent further institutional reform aimed at subjecting the cocoa sector to market forces .","Cocobod 's role was reduced , and 40 percent of its staff , or at least 35,000 employees , were dismissed .","Furthermore , the government shifted responsibility for crop transport to the private sector .","Subsidies for production inputs ( fertilizers , insecticides , fungicides , and equipment ) were removed , and there was a measure of privatization of the processing sector through at least one joint venture .","In addition , a new payment system known as the Akuafo Check System was introduced in 1982 at the point of purchase of dried beans .","Formerly , produce buying clerks had often held back cash payments , abused funds , and paid farmers with false checks .","Under the Akuafo system , a farmer was given a check signed by the produce clerk and the treasurer that he could cash at a bank of his choice ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"485709787967879677","input":"how do they cut a person in half trick","passages":[{"title":"Sawing a woman in half","text":"The ropes or chains are threaded through holes in the table and the ends given to volunteers , who are instructed to pull them tight and hold them that way throughout the illusion . The assistant is thus pulled down onto her back and secured in that position . Two halves of a large box are presented and fixed in place over the assistant , covering her completely . Side panels are opened to show the assistant is still in place lying flat on her back . The assistant is then divided into two . Sometimes the division is accomplished merely by pushing two metal dividing panels into slots near where the two halves meet .","sentences":["The ropes or chains are threaded through holes in the table and the ends given to volunteers , who are instructed to pull them tight and hold them that way throughout the illusion .","The assistant is thus pulled down onto her back and secured in that position .","Two halves of a large box are presented and fixed in place over the assistant , covering her completely .","Side panels are opened to show the assistant is still in place lying flat on her back .","The assistant is then divided into two .","Sometimes the division is accomplished merely by pushing two metal dividing panels into slots near where the two halves meet ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4037763315731454544","input":"the need to recognize and empower the girl child wikipedia","passages":[{"title":"Women's empowerment","text":"Women 's empowerment is the process in which women expand and recreate what it is that they can be , do , and accomplish in a circumstance that they previously were denied . Alternatively , it is the process for women to redefine gender roles that allows for them to acquire the ability to choose between known alternatives whom have otherwise been restricted from such an ability . There are several principles defining women 's empowerment such as , for one to be empowered , they must come from a position of disempowerment . Furthermore , one must acquire empowerment themselves rather than have it given to them by an external party . Other studies have found that empowerment definitions entail people having the capability to make important decisions in their lives while also being able to act on them . Lastly , empowerment and disempowerment is relative to other at a previous time ; therefore , empowerment is a process , not a product .","sentences":["Women 's empowerment is the process in which women expand and recreate what it is that they can be , do , and accomplish in a circumstance that they previously were denied .","Alternatively , it is the process for women to redefine gender roles that allows for them to acquire the ability to choose between known alternatives whom have otherwise been restricted from such an ability .","There are several principles defining women 's empowerment such as , for one to be empowered , they must come from a position of disempowerment .","Furthermore , one must acquire empowerment themselves rather than have it given to them by an external party .","Other studies have found that empowerment definitions entail people having the capability to make important decisions in their lives while also being able to act on them .","Lastly , empowerment and disempowerment is relative to other at a previous time ; therefore , empowerment is a process , not a product ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8165923609125481337","input":"resources of the west region of the united states","passages":[{"title":"Southwestern United States","text":"The term `` High Desert '' is also synonymous with this region . The High Desert is generally defined as the Mojave Desert , which extends from inland southern California into southern Nevada , and southwestern Utah . The High Desert also extends into other parts of the Northwest , such as the Red Desert in southwestern Wyoming . The High Desert is very different from the general desert lands found in Arizona , in the Sonoran Desert . This area of the desert land generally sits at a very high elevation , much higher than the normal desert land , and can receive very cold temperatures at night in the winter ( with the exception of California , southern Nevada and southwestern Utah ) , sometimes near zero degrees on very cold nights . The High Desert also receives a decent amount of snowfall in the winter ( with the exception of California , southern Nevada and southwestern Utah ) but melts very quickly . Monument","sentences":["The term `` High Desert '' is also synonymous with this region .","The High Desert is generally defined as the Mojave Desert , which extends from inland southern California into southern Nevada , and southwestern Utah .","The High Desert also extends into other parts of the Northwest , such as the Red Desert in southwestern Wyoming .","The High Desert is very different from the general desert lands found in Arizona , in the Sonoran Desert .","This area of the desert land generally sits at a very high elevation , much higher than the normal desert land , and can receive very cold temperatures at night in the winter ( with the exception of California , southern Nevada and southwestern Utah ) , sometimes near zero degrees on very cold nights .","The High Desert also receives a decent amount of snowfall in the winter ( with the exception of California , southern Nevada and southwestern Utah ) but melts very quickly .","Monument"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1949935444390261020","input":"a man and a woman (un homme et une femme) (vocal)","passages":[{"title":"A Man and a Woman","text":"Jean - Louis spends the following week preparing for and driving in the Monte Carlo Rally in southeast France . Every day , Anne closely follows news reports of the race , which takes place in poor weather conditions along the icy roads of the French Riviera . Of the 273 cars that started the race , only 42 were able to finish , including Jean Louis 's white Mustang , number 145 . Watching the television coverage of the conclusion of the race , Anne sends Jean - Louis a telegram that reads , `` Bravo ! I love you . Anne . ''","sentences":["Jean - Louis spends the following week preparing for and driving in the Monte Carlo Rally in southeast France .","Every day , Anne closely follows news reports of the race , which takes place in poor weather conditions along the icy roads of the French Riviera .","Of the 273 cars that started the race , only 42 were able to finish , including Jean Louis 's white Mustang , number 145 .","Watching the television coverage of the conclusion of the race , Anne sends Jean - Louis a telegram that reads , `` Bravo !","I love you .","Anne . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4124189540315793987","input":"who plays norman bates brother on bates motel","passages":[{"title":"Freddie Highmore","text":"Year Title Role Notes 1999 Women Talking Dirty Sam Two Brothers Raoul Normandin Finding Neverland Peter Llewelyn Davies Five Children and It Robert 2005 Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Charlie Bucket 2006 A Good Year Young Max Skinner 2006 Arthur and the Invisibles Arthur Montgomery 2007 August Rush Evan Taylor aka August Rush 2007 The Golden Compass Pantalaimon Voice role 2008 The Spiderwick Chronicles Jared and Simon Grace 2008 A Fox 's Tale Little Jack Voice role 2009 Astro Boy Toby Tenma \/ Astro Boy Voice role 2009 Arthur and the Revenge of Maltazard Arthur Montgomery Arthur 3 : The War of the Two Worlds Arthur Montgomery Master Harold ... and the Boys Hally Ballard 2011 The Art of Getting By George Zinavoy 2013 Justin and the Knights of Valour Justin Voice role 2016 The Journey Jack 2016 Almost Friends Charlie Brenner","sentences":["Year Title Role Notes 1999 Women Talking Dirty Sam Two Brothers Raoul Normandin Finding Neverland Peter Llewelyn Davies Five Children and It Robert 2005 Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Charlie Bucket 2006","A Good Year Young Max Skinner 2006 Arthur and the Invisibles Arthur Montgomery 2007","August Rush Evan Taylor","aka August Rush 2007 The Golden Compass Pantalaimon Voice role 2008 The Spiderwick Chronicles Jared and Simon Grace 2008","A Fox 's Tale Little Jack Voice role 2009 Astro Boy Toby Tenma \/ Astro Boy Voice role 2009 Arthur and the Revenge of Maltazard Arthur Montgomery Arthur 3 : The War of the Two Worlds Arthur Montgomery Master Harold ... and the Boys Hally Ballard 2011 The Art of Getting By George Zinavoy 2013","Justin and the Knights of Valour Justin Voice role 2016 The Journey Jack 2016 Almost Friends Charlie Brenner"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7880807279066240514","input":"when did the assault rifle become available to the public","passages":[{"title":"Assault rifle","text":"In March 1970 , the U.S. recommended that all NATO forces adopt the 5.56 \u00d7 45mm cartridge . This shift represented a change in the philosophy of the military 's long - held position about caliber size . By the middle of the 1970s , other armies were looking at assault rifle type weapons . A NATO standardization effort soon started and tests of various rounds were carried out starting in 1977 . The U.S. offered the 5.56 \u00d7 45mm M193 round , but there were concerns about its penetration in the face of the wider introduction of body armor . In the end the Belgian 5.56 \u00d7 45mm SS109 round was chosen ( STANAG 4172 ) in October 1980 . The SS109 round was based on the U.S. cartridge but included a new stronger , heavier , 62 grain bullet design , with better long range performance and improved penetration ( specifically , to consistently penetrate the side of a steel helmet at 600 meters ) .","sentences":["In March 1970 , the U.S. recommended that all NATO forces adopt the 5.56 \u00d7 45mm cartridge .","This shift represented a change in the philosophy of the military 's long - held position about caliber size .","By the middle of the 1970s , other armies were looking at assault rifle type weapons .","A NATO standardization effort soon started and tests of various rounds were carried out starting in 1977 .","The U.S. offered the 5.56 \u00d7 45mm M193 round , but there were concerns about its penetration in the face of the wider introduction of body armor .","In the end the Belgian 5.56 \u00d7 45mm SS109 round was chosen ( STANAG 4172 ) in October 1980 .","The SS109 round was based on the U.S. cartridge but included a new stronger , heavier , 62 grain bullet design , with better long range performance and improved penetration ( specifically , to consistently penetrate the side of a steel helmet at 600 meters ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6669778795402108948","input":"who sang step by step in the 80s","passages":[{"title":"List of Hi-NRG artists and songs","text":"Year Artist Origin Song Label 1980 Donna Summer `` Sunset People '' Casablanca 1981 Boys Town Gang `` Remember Me \/ Ai n't No Mountain High Enough '' Moby Dick 1981 Patrick Cowley `` Get a Little '' Megatone 1981 Patrick Cowley `` Megatron Man '' Megatone 1981 Patrick Cowley `` Menergy '' Fusion 1981 Carol Jiani `` Hit ' N Run Lover '' Matra 1982 Claudja Barry `` Work Me Over '' Jupiter 1982 Patrick Cowley `` Goin ' Home '' Megatone 1982 Divine `` Native Love ( Step By Step ) '' `` O '' 1982 The Flirts `` Passion '' `` O '' 1982 Roni Griffith `` Spys '' Vanguard 1982 Lime `` Babe , We 're Gonna Love Tonight '' Mantra 1982 Paul Parker `` Right on Target '' Megatone 1982 Q - Feel `` Dancing in Heaven ( Orbital Be-Bop ) '' Jive 1982 Donna Summer `` I Feel Love '' ( Patrick Cowley Remix ) Casablanca 1982 Sylvester `` Do Ya Wanna Funk '' London ( UK ) 1982 The Weather Girls `` It 's Raining Men '' CBS ( UK ) 1982 Viola Wills `` Stormy Weather '' Sunergy Claudja Barry `` For Your Love '' Personal Miquel Brown `` So Many Men , So Little Time '' Record Shack Dead or Alive `` Misty Circles '' ( Dance Mix ) Epic Hazell Dean `` Searchin ' ( I Gotta Find a Man ) '' Proto Divine `` Shoot Your Shot '' `` O '' Frankie Goes to Hollywood `` Relax '' ZTT New Order `` Blue Monday '' Factory William Onyeabor `` Good Name '' Wilfilms Sylvester `` Do n't Stop '' London 1984 Agents Are n't Aeroplanes `` The Upstroke '' Proto ( UK ) 1984 Bronski Beat `` Smalltown Boy '' London 1984 Bronski Beat `` Why ? '' London 1984 Dead or Alive `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' Epic 1984 Hazell Dean `` Whatever I Do ( Wherever I Go ) '' Proto ( UK ) 1984 Divine `` You Think You 're a Man '' Proto 1984 Fancy `` Get Lost Tonight '' Metronome 1984 Fancy `` Slice Me Nice '' Metronome 1984 The Flirts `` Helpless ( You Took My Love ) '' Telefon 1984 Frankie Goes to Hollywood `` Two Tribes '' ZTT 1984 Fun Fun `` Colour My Love '' X-Energy 1984 Fun Fun `` Give Me Your Love '' X-Energy 1984 Freddie Mercury `` Love Kills '' Columbia 1984 Sylvester `` Rock the Box '' Megatone 1984 Evelyn Thomas `` High Energy '' Record Shack ( UK ) 1984 Kim Wilde `` The Second Time '' MCA","sentences":["Year Artist Origin Song Label 1980 Donna Summer `` Sunset People '' Casablanca 1981 Boys Town Gang `` Remember Me \/ Ai n't No Mountain High Enough ''","Moby Dick 1981 Patrick Cowley `` Get a Little '' Megatone 1981 Patrick Cowley `` Megatron Man '' Megatone 1981 Patrick Cowley `` Menergy '' Fusion 1981 Carol Jiani `` Hit ' N Run Lover '' Matra 1982 Claudja Barry `` Work Me Over '' Jupiter 1982 Patrick Cowley `` Goin ' Home '' Megatone 1982 Divine `` Native Love ( Step By Step ) ''","`` O '' 1982","The Flirts `` Passion '' `` O '' 1982","Roni Griffith `` Spys '' Vanguard 1982 Lime `` Babe , We 're Gonna Love Tonight ''","Mantra 1982 Paul Parker `` Right on Target '' Megatone 1982 Q - Feel `` Dancing in Heaven ( Orbital Be-Bop ) ''","Jive 1982 Donna Summer `` I Feel Love '' ( Patrick Cowley Remix )","Casablanca 1982 Sylvester `` Do Ya Wanna Funk '' London ( UK ) 1982","The Weather Girls `` It 's Raining Men ''","CBS ( UK ) 1982","Viola Wills `` Stormy Weather '' Sunergy Claudja Barry `` For Your Love ''","Personal Miquel Brown `` So Many Men , So Little Time '' Record Shack Dead or Alive `` Misty Circles '' ( Dance Mix )","Epic Hazell Dean `` Searchin ' ( I Gotta Find a Man ) ''","Proto Divine `` Shoot Your Shot '' `` O ''","Frankie Goes to Hollywood `` Relax '' ZTT New Order `` Blue Monday ''","Factory William Onyeabor `` Good Name '' Wilfilms Sylvester `` Do n't Stop '' London 1984 Agents Are n't Aeroplanes `` The Upstroke '' Proto ( UK ) 1984","Bronski Beat `` Smalltown Boy '' London 1984 Bronski Beat `` Why ? ''","London 1984 Dead or Alive `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) ''","Epic 1984 Hazell Dean `` Whatever I Do ( Wherever I Go ) ''","Proto ( UK ) 1984","Divine `` You Think You 're a Man '' Proto 1984 Fancy `` Get Lost Tonight '' Metronome 1984 Fancy `` Slice Me Nice '' Metronome 1984","The Flirts `` Helpless ( You Took My Love ) ''","Telefon 1984 Frankie Goes to Hollywood `` Two Tribes '' ZTT 1984 Fun Fun `` Colour My Love '' X-Energy 1984 Fun Fun `` Give Me Your Love '' X-Energy 1984 Freddie Mercury `` Love Kills '' Columbia 1984","Sylvester `` Rock the Box '' Megatone 1984 Evelyn Thomas `` High Energy '' Record Shack ( UK ) 1984","Kim Wilde `` The Second Time '' MCA"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8844619839870903","input":"what does the winner of the rap game get","passages":[{"title":"The Rap Game","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) `` Welcome to Atlanta '' January 1 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 01 ) 1.14 `` Set the Booth on Fire '' January 8 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 08 ) 1.03 `` Style and Swagga '' January 15 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 15 ) 1.15 `` Betta Step Up '' January 22 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 22 ) 1.33 5 5 `` Gettin ' Schooled '' January 29 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 29 ) 1.17 6 6 `` Shakin ' Things Up '' February 5 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 05 ) 1.34 7 7 `` Fights , Camera , Action ! '' February 12 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 12 ) 1.15 8 8 `` The Final Battle '' February 19 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 19 ) N \/ A 9 9 `` Reunion '' February 26 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 26 ) 1.22","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) `` Welcome to Atlanta '' January 1 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 01 ) 1.14 `` Set the Booth on Fire ''","January 8 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 08 ) 1.03 `` Style and Swagga '' January 15 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 15 ) 1.15 `` Betta Step Up '' January 22 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 22 ) 1.33 5 5 `` Gettin ' Schooled '' January 29 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 29 ) 1.17 6 6 `` Shakin ' Things Up '' February 5 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 05 ) 1.34 7 7 `` Fights , Camera , Action ! ''","February 12 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 12 ) 1.15 8 8 `` The Final Battle '' February 19 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 19 )","N \/","A 9 9 `` Reunion '' February 26 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 26 ) 1.22"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3381652645017372267","input":"where did the tom turkey get its name","passages":[{"title":"Wild turkey","text":"`` Others object to the Bald Eagle , as looking too much like a Dindon , or Turkey . For my own part I wish the Bald Eagle had not been chosen the Representative of our Country . He is a Bird of bad moral Character . He does not get his Living honestly . You may have seen him perched on some dead Tree near the River , where , too lazy to fish for himself , he watches the Labour of the Fishing Hawk ( osprey ) ; and when that diligent Bird has at length taken a Fish , and is bearing it to his Nest for the Support of his Mate and young Ones , the Bald Eagle pursues him and takes it from him . With all this Injustice , he is never in good Case but like those among Men who live by Sharping & Robbing he is generally poor and often very lousy . Besides he is a rank Coward : The little King Bird not bigger than a Sparrow attacks him boldly and drives him out of the District . He is therefore by no means a proper Emblem for the brave and honest Cincinnati of America who have driven all the King birds from our Country ... I am on this account not displeased that the Figure is not known as a Bald Eagle , but looks more like a Turkey . For in Truth the Turkey is in Comparison a much more respectable Bird , and withal a true original Native of America ... He is besides , though a little vain & silly , a Bird of Courage , and would not hesitate to attack a Grenadier of the British Guards who should presume to invade his Farm Yard with a red Coat on . ''","sentences":["`` Others object to the Bald Eagle , as looking too much like a Dindon , or Turkey .","For my own part I wish the Bald Eagle had not been chosen the Representative of our Country .","He is a Bird of bad moral Character .","He does not get his Living honestly .","You may have seen him perched on some dead Tree near the River , where , too lazy to fish for himself , he watches the Labour of the Fishing Hawk ( osprey ) ; and when that diligent Bird has at length taken a Fish , and is bearing it to his Nest for the Support of his Mate and young Ones , the Bald Eagle pursues him and takes it from him .","With all this Injustice , he is never in good Case but like those among Men who live by Sharping & Robbing he is generally poor and often very lousy .","Besides he is a rank Coward :","The little King Bird not bigger than a Sparrow attacks him boldly and drives him out of the District .","He is therefore by no means a proper Emblem for the brave and honest Cincinnati of America who have driven all the King birds from our Country ...","I am on this account not displeased that the Figure is not known as a Bald Eagle , but looks more like a Turkey .","For in Truth the Turkey is in Comparison a much more respectable Bird , and withal a true original Native of America ...","He is besides , though a little vain & silly , a Bird of Courage , and would not hesitate to attack a Grenadier of the British Guards who should presume to invade his Farm Yard with a red Coat on . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7406110259116622244","input":"when does snow white find out emma is her daughter","passages":[{"title":"Mary Margaret Blanchard","text":"In Storybrooke , she appears as Mary Margaret Blanchard , Henry Mills ' fourth grade teacher at Storybrooke Elementary School . As a part - time volunteer at the General Hospital , she awakens David Nolan ( Prince Charming ) from his coma , and the pair gradually fall in love , despite David 's marriage to Kathryn Nolan ( Princess Abigail ) . Beginning a secret relationship , the affair becomes public and David 's marriage breaks down . Mary Margaret becomes an outcast in the town , and is arrested for Kathryn 's `` murder '' after fake evidence is discovered . Kathryn is later found alive , though Mary Margaret 's relationship with David becomes strained as he did not believe her innocence . He decides to leave Storybrooke , but the two are reunited when the curse is broken , and they regain their memories .","sentences":["In Storybrooke , she appears as Mary Margaret Blanchard , Henry Mills ' fourth grade teacher at Storybrooke Elementary School .","As a part - time volunteer at the General Hospital , she awakens David Nolan ( Prince Charming ) from his coma , and the pair gradually fall in love , despite David 's marriage to Kathryn Nolan ( Princess Abigail ) .","Beginning a secret relationship , the affair becomes public and David 's marriage breaks down .","Mary Margaret becomes an outcast in the town , and is arrested for Kathryn 's `` murder '' after fake evidence is discovered .","Kathryn is later found alive , though Mary Margaret 's relationship with David becomes strained as he did not believe her innocence .","He decides to leave Storybrooke , but the two are reunited when the curse is broken , and they regain their memories ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2250287637204070652","input":"when does the sun come up in the summer","passages":[{"title":"Midnight sun","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( August 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) The","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( August 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","The"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7075883609611320157","input":"three methods for marking animals for mark and recapture sampling","passages":[{"title":"Mark and recapture","text":"var \u2061 ( N ^ C ) = ( K + 1 ) ( n + 1 ) ( K \u2212 k ) ( n \u2212 k ) ( k + 1 ) ( k + 1 ) ( k + 2 ) . ( \\ displaystyle \\ operatorname ( var ) ( ( \\ hat ( N ) ) _ ( C ) ) = ( \\ frac ( ( K + 1 ) ( n + 1 ) ( K-k ) ( n-k ) ) ( ( k + 1 ) ( k + 1 ) ( k + 2 ) ) ) . )","sentences":["var \u2061 ( N ^ C )","= ( K + 1 ) ( n + 1 ) ( K \u2212 k ) ( n \u2212 k )","( k + 1 ) ( k + 1 ) ( k + 2 ) .","( \\ displaystyle \\ operatorname ( var ) ( ( \\ hat ( N ) )","_ ( C ) )","= ( \\ frac ( ( K + 1 ) ( n + 1 ) ( K-k ) ( n-k ) )","( ( k + 1 ) ( k + 1 ) ( k + 2 ) ) ) . )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7058917882890501615","input":"when is this is us season 2 released on dvd","passages":[{"title":"This Is Us (season 2)","text":"No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod . code U.S. viewers ( millions ) 19 `` A Father 's Advice '' Ken Olin Dan Fogelman September 26 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 26 ) 2AZC01 12.94 On the Big Three 's 37th birthday , Randall wants to adopt a baby , but Beth convinces him they can honor William 's legacy by adopting an older child . Kate leaves an audition because all the other women there are thin , but she returns to go through with it . She is rejected because of her inexperience , not her weight ; Kate is confident she can work her way up . Toby tells Kevin that he , not Kevin , needs to be Kate 's `` person . '' Kevin explains that Kate informed him of their father 's death , and being Kate 's brother is the only thing he is really good at . In the past , Rebecca takes the Big Three to a movie after her argument with Jack . Rebecca urges Jack to come home ; Jack admits his drinking is out of control . Later , the family house has burned and Rebecca , in the car with Jack 's possessions in a bag , screams and cries . 20 `` A Manny - Splendored Thing '' John Fortenberry Dan Fogelman & Bekah Brunstetter October 3 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 03 ) 2AZC02 11.06 Kevin is invited back for the 100th `` The Manny '' episode . The producers try to embarrass him for how he left the show , but Sophie helps him do it anyway . Randall , Beth , their girls , Rebecca , and Miguel travel across the country to see the live episode . Randall and Beth take a walk during the taping to discuss Randall 's worries about fostering an older child who could have major issues . Also during the taping , Kate gets a call for her first gig ; however , she does not want her mother to criticize her performance , so Kate asks both Rebecca and Toby not to follow her , but they do anyway . Later , Kate confronts Rebecca about how she has always treated her . Rebecca seeks support from Toby , but he clearly sides with Kate , which wins Rebecca 's approval . After the episode taping , Beth learns from Kevin that Randall only risked failure once : in asking her out . Beth reassures Randall they can go through with their plan . In flashbacks , Jack confesses to teenage Kate that he has an alcoholism problem . Jack ( when on the wagon before ) vented his anger on a punching bag ; this time , he lets Rebecca take him to an AA meeting . 21 `` D\u00e9j\u00e0 Vu '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger October 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 10 ) 2AZC03 11.02 On Kevin 's movie set , Kate -- excited that Sylvester Stallone is his co-star -- bonds with `` Sly '' and tells him what his films meant to her father , and about his death . After talking with Stallone , Kevin 's memories of his dad surface , affecting his performance in a scene . Randall learns that a young girl , Deja , is being brought to his home . Later , when Deja yells at Beth for `` stealing '' her mom 's cigarettes , Randall defends his wife , and Deja shrinks to defend herself from apparent aggression . Randall talks to Deja about the joy he found in having Jack and Rebecca , as well as William . Kevin takes pain medication after his old football knee injury is reinjured during battle scene filming . In flashbacks , when the kids are teenagers , Jack talks about his efforts to rehabilitate from alcoholism ; Randall tries to find his birth parents through an ad , and is comforted by Kate and Kevin after a woman claims to be his birth mother for his family 's money . 22 `` Still There '' Ken Olin Vera Herbert October 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 17 ) 2AZC04 10.65 Randall takes his daughters and Deja bowling , which does not go as expected . Beth offers to help Deja take care of her hair and the two bond . Randall admits to Deja that he has had problems with nervous breakdowns and has taken up running to deal with his anxiety ; he invites her to come with him . Kevin undergoes surgery on his injured knee and continues to overuse his pain medication . Kate visits a gynaecologist for an ultrasound , revealing that she is pregnant . In flashbacks , Kate and Kevin contract the chicken pox and their doctor urges Randall to do his best to catch them as well so it will not occur later for him . Rebecca 's mother pops in , intent on staying for a while , and her overbearing attitude and the fact that she treats Randall differently than Kate and Kevin leads to Rebecca confronting her and calling her a racist , which Randall overhears . Rebecca 's mother takes her words to heart and reaches out to Randall , recognizing for the first time how special he is . 23 5 `` Brothers '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Tyler Bensinger October 24 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 24 ) 2AZC05 10.60 Kate and Toby share news of her pregnancy . Kevin , set to be auctioned off by Sophie for a large - scale charity event she is hosting , gets drunk while trying to get a pain medication prescription ; he misses the auction , embarrassing Sophie . Randall earns Deja 's trust . In the past , when Jack takes 10 - year - old Kevin and Randall camping , Rebecca learns that Jack 's father is dying . She calls Jack , but his past issues with his father combined with his focus on making sure Kevin gets along with Randall keep Jack from returning . Rebecca reassures Jack 's father ( who sees his granddaughter , Kate ) that Jack is a great father and husband . Kevin finds a notebook where Randall wrote reminders to himself on how to keep the peace between them , motivating him to be nice to Randall . Later , Jack looks at a picture of him and his brother in the army . During Jack 's childhood , he and his never - before - seen brother await their father 's return to the car as he gets drunk at a bar . 24 6 `` The 20 's '' Regina King Don Roos October 31 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 31 ) 2AZC06 8.43 In flashbacks , with the 10 - year - old Big Three , Rebecca takes Randall trick - or - treating , while Jack takes Kate and Kevin to a haunted house . Randall learns about Kyle 's death from the neighbors ; Rebecca then tells him the facts of his adoption . In other flashbacks , with the Big Three being in their twenties , Kate finds out she is involved with a married man . Kevin , desperate for work as an actor , attempts to steal a role from his roommate and best friend . Meanwhile , Randall and Beth prepare for the arrival of their first daughter . Beth unexpectedly goes into labor after agreeing to help Rebecca get a Facebook account . With no time to get to the hospital , Randall helps Beth through a home delivery . Kate and Kevin commiserate about their deadbeat lives and decide to live together . When Rebecca posts a photo of her granddaughter on Facebook , she gets a message from Miguel , asking how she has been the last 8 years . ( Jack 's death was sometime before Miguel last saw Rebecca . ) 25 7 `` The Most Disappointed Man '' Chris Koch Kay Oyegun November 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 07 ) 2AZC07 9.89 Jack and Rebecca prepare to finalize Randall 's adoption when Randall is a year old . Their case worker gives a glowing recommendation , but their judge is against interracial adoption . After Rebecca 's letter about being Randall 's mother , the judge recuses himself ; the new judge grants the adoption . Concurrently , William pleads guilty to a drug charge . Although the judge is disappointed because William had a clean record , William claims to be more disappointed , due to the loss of his loved ones and son . The judge visits William in jail , offering to reduce the sentence and get him help , if he stays sober . William keeps this promise for at least 30 years , until hearing his cancer is terminal . As he is about to use , Randall introduces himself as William 's biological son . In the present , Randall takes Deja to visit her mother Shauna in prison , but Shauna declines the visit . Randall later talks to Shauna , who intends to take Deja back after her release . He lets Shauna call Deja collect . Kevin 's relationship with Sophie deteriorates as he continues abusing pain medication and alcohol . Kate and Toby announce their pregnancy to Kevin , plan to get married at city hall , but then consider a big wedding . 26 8 `` Number One '' Ken Olin K.J. Steinberg November 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 14 ) 2AZC08 10.05 In flashbacks , baby Kevin walks first . Teenage Kevin disrespects a Pitt football recruiter , thinking Pitt inferior , so Jack scolds Kevin . As Jack speaks with his sponsor , and recites the serenity prayer , Kevin remains flippant , but Jack apologizes to Kevin . A game injury ends Kevin 's football prospects while Jack and Randall are away at a college tour . Jack comes to the hospital and assures Kevin he has other talents , and will find his purpose . Kevin apologizes for his attitude . Jack gives him a pendant , symbolizing `` purpose '' , given to him in Vietnam at a personal low point . Jack says Kevin is his purpose . Present - day Kevin , exhausted by substance abuse , is an honored alumnus at his high school . His football coach introduces him ; Kevin imagines Jack giving the speech . Kevin declares himself unworthy of his award . He pantomimes football on the field , giving play - by - play commentary on his failures . He has sex with fellow honoree Charlotte , a doctor , and uses her prescription pad to create a forgery ; he quickly leaves a pharmacy after police enter , having left the pendant in Charlotte 's house , but she keeps him out . He collapses , begging for help . He visits Randall , who assumes Kevin 's desire to talk concerns Kate 's miscarriage . 27 9 `` Number Two '' Ken Olin K.J. Steinberg & Shukree Hassan Tilghman November 21 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 21 ) 2AZC09 9.34 In flashbacks , baby Kate walks second . Teenage Kate bonds with the dog , Louie . Kate seems unconcerned with college applications ; Rebecca is pleased to discover Kate 's application for Berklee . At Kevin 's game , Kate accepts Rebecca 's praise just as Kevin is injured . At the hospital , Kate admits she feared disappointing Rebecca ; Rebecca acknowledges their emotional distance , but is ready to support Kate when needed . Kate watches her parents embrace . Present - day Kate talks to her unborn baby ; she and Toby focus on her prenatal care , but she miscarries . Kate leaves a singing gig , overcome at seeing a family ; she loads a buffet plate but leaves it untouched . Toby works frantically to avert the delivery of a baby bath . At home , Kate blames Toby for getting her excited about the baby ; she tells Toby that the miscarriage did n't happen to him , but he asserts that he shares their loss . Rebecca arrives and Kate accepts her support . Kate admits feeling she hurt Toby by miscarrying ; Rebecca shares that concealing from Jack her grief over triplet Kyle 's death led her to a breakdown in a supermarket after six weeks . Kate tells Toby how she feels , and they agree to try again soon ; they reaffirm their love . 28 10 `` Number Three '' Ken Olin Shukree Hassan Tilghman November 28 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 28 ) 2AZC10 10.94 In flashbacks , baby Randall walks third . Jack expects teenage Randall to attend Harvard , but lets Randall tour Howard . Jack takes the official tour ; a friend shows Randall around . Randall tells Jack that others ' reactions make him feel `` off - balance '' as the only black family member . Jack shows Randall the Vietnam Veterans Memorial ; Jack felt off - balance when he returned from the war . Jack believes Randall will find balance and be `` spectacular '' . They return to Pittsburgh for hospitalized Kevin ; Jack admits monitoring all three children is difficult . In the present , the charges against Deja 's mother Shauna are dropped ; Randall and Beth consider fighting for custody . Randall recalls William 's account of following Rebecca home after her second visit ; he realized Randall had a full life without him , and left . Randall observes Shauna preparing for Deja 's homecoming , and realizes Deja 's home is with Shauna ; Beth agrees . They attend Deja 's school presentation . Shauna takes Deja home ; Randall offers help . Randall and Beth agree to foster again ; a young boy meets with his social worker . Kevin arrives , but leaves quickly after drinking vodka . Kevin is speeding -- Tess , hidden in his backseat because she `` hates '' home , admonishes him ; Kevin is arrested for DUI ; Tess is safe . 29 11 `` The Fifth Wheel '' Chris Koch Vera Herbert January 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 09 ) 2AZC11 9.65 When the kids are 10 , Jack takes the family to a cabin vacation , getting Kevin after football camp . Randall 's new glasses are missing . Rebecca notices Kate 's food obsession ; Jack has her exercise , but takes her for ice cream . During a thunderstorm , Kevin brings Randall 's glasses to their parents ' room -- where Kate and Randall are sleeping . He sleeps on the floor . Present - day Toby finds junk - food trash . Tess tells her parents she was sad when Deja had to leave . The family visits Kevin at rehab ; Barbara , the facilitator , wants only immediate family at Kevin 's first session . Kevin apologizes to the family , but Barbara has him discuss family issues . Kevin says they are a family of addicts . Kevin felt like an outcast ( `` fifth wheel '' ) : Kate had Jack 's support ; Rebecca loved Randall more than Kevin . Randall scolds Kevin ; Rebecca , crying , says why Randall was easier to love . Toby , Beth , and Miguel , at a bar , discuss being outsiders , Miguel the only one who knew Jack . After the session , the Big Three reconcile . Kate admits to Toby about hiding junk food since miscarrying . Rebecca tells Kevin why she never worried about him , but they had their moments . ( In the flashback , Rebecca joins Kevin on the floor . ) 30 12 `` Clooney '' Zetna Fuentes Bekah Brunstetter January 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 16 ) 2AZC12 9.82 Jack and Rebecca take the teenage Big Three shopping for suits and dresses for the winter formal and Jack 's job . Randall asks a redhead girl out . Though the teenagers are almost starting college , Jack again wants to start `` Big Three Homes '' ( which he put aside to support his family ) . Presently , William 's stray cat `` Clooney '' wanders . After rehab , Kevin stays with Rebecca -- whom Miguel is protecting , since Kevin upset her by getting arrested and criticizing her at rehab . Miguel later tells Kevin that Jack and Rebecca were a unified couple , not individuals ; he did not love Rebecca while Jack was alive , but does now and is staying . Kate befriends Madison from support group ; they go wedding dress shopping ; Kate discovers Madison 's bulimia . Madison later faints and calls Kate for help . Kate says losing weight as a teenager did not make her happy . Randall visits Beth at work ; she says working again would help him . Randall gets William 's box from storage , searches for a lady about whom William wrote and drew , and discovers from a picture it was Billie Holiday . Randall tells Beth he wants to buy and manage the run - down building with her . In the flashback , they forget smoke detector batteries . 31 13 `` That 'll Be the Day '' Uta Briesewitz Kay Oyegun & Don Roos January 23 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 23 ) 2AZC13 9.37 Around 1980 , an elderly couple look through their junk , including a jukebox which would play `` That 'll Be the Day '' . When their house gets a buyer , the man gives his neighbor , Jack , a slow cooker with a tricky switch . In 1998 , Jack and Rebecca watch the Super Bowl alone as the teenagers are otherwise occupied -- Kevin is with Sophie , Randall is on a date , and Kate is making a music college audition tape ( which Jack videotapes , to Kate 's initial disapproval ) . Presently , Randall and Beth buy William 's old building . Kevin helps Randall do repairs ; they soon find themselves overwhelmed -- and bugs , so the building is vacated when an exterminator is called . When Toby looks for a dog on the internet , Kate -- with mixed feelings -- adopts a dog . Kevin tries to make amends to Sophie , receives his missing pendant in the mail -- and knows that he can not make amends to his dad . In 1998 , the old slow cooker 's faulty switch causes a house fire . 32 14 `` Super Bowl Sunday '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman February 4 , 2018 ( 2018 - 02 - 04 ) 2AZC14 26.97 In 1998 , Jack evacuates the family ( Kevin is away ) from the burning house , then retrieves Kate 's dog and family mementos . Jack , hospitalized for smoke inhalation , dies suddenly of cardiac arrest , to Rebecca 's shock . She tells Miguel , Randall , and Kate ; Kate tells Kevin . On the 20th anniversary of Jack 's death , Kate 's VCR damages her audition tape Jack recorded -- and saved from the fire -- which she watches cathartically , blaming herself . Toby gets the tape repaired and digitized . Kate tells Toby he strengthens her , and Jack would have loved him . Kevin visits Jack 's memorial tree , admitting not living up to Jack 's legacy , but wanting to make him proud . Rebecca makes Jack 's favorite lasagna , and bonds with Kevin . Randall holds a Super Bowl party to commemorate Jack , but is emotional when the family 's new pet lizard dies . Tess admits trying to prevent social workers from calling , fearing recent changes mean Randall wants a `` new life '' . He reassures her he will always be devoted to her ; she is happy the family participates in fostering . Deja unexpectedly arrives ; Randall and Beth comfort her . The boy seen earlier is placed with a couple ; the social worker is adult Tess , whom older Randall meets for dinner . 33 15 `` The Car '' Ken Olin Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger February 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 02 - 06 ) 2AZC15 10.13 Jack buys a costly Wagoneer because his young children love it . The Pearsons , going to see `` Weird Al '' Yankovic , slowly cross a bridge Rebecca fears . Jack drives Rebecca , awaiting MRI results , to his `` favorite tree '' ( nearest a pay phone ) ; Rebecca is fine , as Jack anticipated . Jack predicts he will die first ; he asks to be outside , not buried . The brothers fight during Randall 's driving lesson ; Jack exhorts them to be close like him and his brother , who died in Vietnam . Jack drives truant Kate to Alanis Morissette 's autograph session ; they compare Morrissette with Bruce Springsteen . Rebecca drives the teenagers to Jack 's funeral , stalking the urn because she was not in Jack 's room when he died . Dr. K -- married to Anne -- attends ; he tells Rebecca Jack often sought his advice and she has always been strong . Kate decides to give away her dog ; Rebecca affirms that Jack 's death is not Kate 's fault -- Jack made his own decisions . The brothers bicker over manly duties ; Rebecca tells them to remain teenagers ; they make peace . The Pearsons scatter Jack 's ashes at the tree ; Kate keeps some . Jack had purchased Springsteen tickets for that night ; Rebecca drives the family to the concert -- crossing the bridge . 34 16 `` Vegas , Baby '' Joanna Kerns Laura Kenar February 27 , 2018 ( 2018 - 02 - 27 ) 2AZC16 9.74 Jack and Rebecca celebrate their early wedding anniversaries -- she , with small thoughtful gifts ; he , with grand romantic gestures . The children , age 10 , plan a romantic anniversary celebration ( despite Rebecca 's desire not to celebrate ) , including an attempted dinner , and culminating in observing a meteor shower . Rebecca decides they should always celebrate their anniversary . Presently , Toby and Kate hold their bachelor and bachelorette parties in Las Vegas . Kevin , Randall , Beth , and others attend ; Toby has no close male friends , and Kate and Beth are not close . Kevin maintains his sobriety , despite struggling when learning his film scenes may have been cut . Weeks after providing Deja money for Shauna 's utility bill , Randall worries about Deja ; Beth wants to move on ; they argue . Kate tries to mediate , revealing she feels Beth replaced her in Randall 's life ; Kate explains she was closest to Randall during part of their youth ; Beth admits her love for absent Deja hurts . Toby supports Kevin and Randall , saying his own brother never desired a close relationship . Ron Howard tells Kevin his great work is still in the movie . When returning home , Beth decides she and Randall should visit Deja ; they find her and Shauna living in a car . 35 17 `` This Big , Amazing , Beautiful Life '' Rebecca Asher Kay Oyegun March 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 06 ) 2AZC17 8.90 Flashbacks show other characters ' experiences paralleling Deja 's . 16 - year - old Shauna gives birth to Deja ; Shauna 's grandmother `` G.G. '' urges Shauna towards accountability . Three years later , G.G. financially supports Shauna . G.G. dies ; Shauna depends on Deja . Teenaged Deja injures herself cooking Shauna 's birthday dinner ; Linda removes Deja from her home . Stress drives Shauna to drug use and Deja stays in the foster system . Deja and her foster sister Raven , after shoplifting , are removed from a physically abusive foster father 's home ; Raven was willing to endure minor abuse for stability . Deja returns to Shauna ; Shauna 's mooching boyfriend Lonzo brings a gun into the home ; Deja 's alopecia begins amid the adults ' fighting . The gun is found in Shauna 's car ; Deja lives with the Pearsons , returning to Shauna after the charges are dropped . Shauna breaks up with Lonzo but spends her and Deja 's savings to bail him out of jail ; Deja attempts to raise money , but decides not to pawn G.G. 's brooch ; Shauna and Deja are evicted for unpaid rent . Randall and Beth take in Shauna and Deja . Deja concludes that the human experience is universal . Shauna believes she deprived Deja of a childhood ; she decides to leave Deja with the Pearsons . 36 18 `` The Wedding '' Ken Olin Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger March 13 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 13 ) 2AZC18 10.94 As Kate 's wedding approaches ; she dreams of Jack and Rebecca renewing their vows on their 40th wedding anniversary ; Toby is not in the dream . After unsuccessfully seeking `` something old '' connected to Jack , Kate makes room in her heart for Toby by resolving her grief over Jack ; she scatters the remainder of Jack 's ashes near the Pearson cabin . Kate tells Rebecca she admires her . Toby 's divorced parents disapprove of the marriage , fearing a relapse of the depression Toby suffered after his first marriage ; Toby demands they celebrate the wedding or leave ; they stay to celebrate . Kate and Toby marry ; Jack once told Kate she would someday marry a man better than himself . Kevin allows himself to grieve over Jack . Deja is surly after Shauna requested termination of parental rights ; Beth 's cousin Zoe , the wedding photographer , consoles Deja by sharing how she accepted Beth 's family 's love after her own mother abandoned her . However , after Toby 's mother says Deja resembles Randall , Deja vandalizes Randall 's car . In the future , Kevin ( contemplating Jack and Nicky 's Vietnam War picture ) and Zoe fly to Vietnam together ; Kate nurses a cripplingly depressed Toby . Further in the future , Randall and adult Tess feel unprepared to see an unshown female .","sentences":["No .","overall","No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod .","code U.S. viewers ( millions ) 19","`` A Father 's Advice '' Ken Olin Dan Fogelman September 26 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 26 ) 2AZC01 12.94 On the Big Three 's 37th birthday , Randall wants to adopt a baby , but Beth convinces him they can honor William 's legacy by adopting an older child .","Kate leaves an audition because all the other women there are thin , but she returns to go through with it .","She is rejected because of her inexperience , not her weight ; Kate is confident she can work her way up .","Toby tells Kevin that he , not Kevin , needs to be Kate 's `` person . ''","Kevin explains that Kate informed him of their father 's death , and being Kate 's brother is the only thing he is really good at .","In the past , Rebecca takes the Big Three to a movie after her argument with Jack .","Rebecca urges Jack to come home ; Jack admits his drinking is out of control .","Later , the family house has burned and Rebecca , in the car with Jack 's possessions in a bag , screams and cries .","20 `` A Manny - Splendored Thing '' John Fortenberry Dan Fogelman & Bekah Brunstetter October 3 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 03 ) 2AZC02 11.06 Kevin is invited back for the 100th `` The Manny '' episode .","The producers try to embarrass him for how he left the show , but Sophie helps him do it anyway .","Randall , Beth , their girls , Rebecca , and Miguel travel across the country to see the live episode .","Randall and Beth take a walk during the taping to discuss Randall 's worries about fostering an older child who could have major issues .","Also during the taping , Kate gets a call for her first gig ; however , she does not want her mother to criticize her performance , so Kate asks both Rebecca and Toby not to follow her , but they do anyway .","Later , Kate confronts Rebecca about how she has always treated her .","Rebecca seeks support from Toby , but he clearly sides with Kate , which wins Rebecca 's approval .","After the episode taping , Beth learns from Kevin that Randall only risked failure once : in asking her out .","Beth reassures Randall they can go through with their plan .","In flashbacks , Jack confesses to teenage Kate that he has an alcoholism problem .","Jack ( when on the wagon before ) vented his anger on a punching bag ; this time , he lets Rebecca take him to an AA meeting .","21 `` D\u00e9j\u00e0 Vu '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger October 10 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 10 ) 2AZC03 11.02","On Kevin 's movie set , Kate -- excited that Sylvester Stallone is his co-star -- bonds with `` Sly '' and tells him what his films meant to her father , and about his death .","After talking with Stallone , Kevin 's memories of his dad surface , affecting his performance in a scene .","Randall learns that a young girl , Deja , is being brought to his home .","Later , when Deja yells at Beth for `` stealing '' her mom 's cigarettes , Randall defends his wife , and Deja shrinks to defend herself from apparent aggression .","Randall talks to Deja about the joy he found in having Jack and Rebecca , as well as William .","Kevin takes pain medication after his old football knee injury is reinjured during battle scene filming .","In flashbacks , when the kids are teenagers , Jack talks about his efforts to rehabilitate from alcoholism ; Randall tries to find his birth parents through an ad , and is comforted by Kate and Kevin after a woman claims to be his birth mother for his family 's money .","22 `` Still There '' Ken Olin Vera Herbert October 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 17 ) 2AZC04 10.65 Randall takes his daughters and Deja bowling , which does not go as expected .","Beth offers to help Deja take care of her hair and the two bond .","Randall admits to Deja that he has had problems with nervous breakdowns and has taken up running to deal with his anxiety ; he invites her to come with him .","Kevin undergoes surgery on his injured knee and continues to overuse his pain medication .","Kate visits a gynaecologist for an ultrasound , revealing that she is pregnant .","In flashbacks , Kate and Kevin contract the chicken pox and their doctor urges Randall to do his best to catch them as well so it will not occur later for him .","Rebecca 's mother pops in , intent on staying for a while , and her overbearing attitude and the fact that she treats Randall differently than Kate and Kevin leads to Rebecca confronting her and calling her a racist , which Randall overhears .","Rebecca 's mother takes her words to heart and reaches out to Randall , recognizing for the first time how special he is .","23 5 `` Brothers '' John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Tyler Bensinger October 24 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 24 ) 2AZC05 10.60 Kate and Toby share news of her pregnancy .","Kevin , set to be auctioned off by Sophie for a large - scale charity event she is hosting , gets drunk while trying to get a pain medication prescription ; he misses the auction , embarrassing Sophie .","Randall earns Deja 's trust .","In the past , when Jack takes 10 - year - old Kevin and Randall camping , Rebecca learns that Jack 's father is dying .","She calls Jack , but his past issues with his father combined with his focus on making sure Kevin gets along with Randall keep Jack from returning .","Rebecca reassures Jack 's father ( who sees his granddaughter , Kate ) that Jack is a great father and husband .","Kevin finds a notebook where Randall wrote reminders to himself on how to keep the peace between them , motivating him to be nice to Randall .","Later , Jack looks at a picture of him and his brother in the army .","During Jack 's childhood , he and his never - before - seen brother await their father 's return to the car as he gets drunk at a bar .","24 6 `` The 20 's '' Regina King Don Roos October 31 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 31 ) 2AZC06 8.43 In flashbacks , with the 10 - year - old Big Three , Rebecca takes Randall trick - or - treating , while Jack takes Kate and Kevin to a haunted house .","Randall learns about Kyle 's death from the neighbors ; Rebecca then tells him the facts of his adoption .","In other flashbacks , with the Big Three being in their twenties , Kate finds out she is involved with a married man .","Kevin , desperate for work as an actor , attempts to steal a role from his roommate and best friend .","Meanwhile , Randall and Beth prepare for the arrival of their first daughter .","Beth unexpectedly goes into labor after agreeing to help Rebecca get a Facebook account .","With no time to get to the hospital , Randall helps Beth through a home delivery .","Kate and Kevin commiserate about their deadbeat lives and decide to live together .","When Rebecca posts a photo of her granddaughter on Facebook , she gets a message from Miguel , asking how she has been the last 8 years .","( Jack 's death was sometime before Miguel last saw Rebecca . )","25 7 `` The Most Disappointed Man '' Chris Koch Kay Oyegun November 7 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 07 ) 2AZC07 9.89 Jack and Rebecca prepare to finalize Randall 's adoption when Randall is a year old .","Their case worker gives a glowing recommendation , but their judge is against interracial adoption .","After Rebecca 's letter about being Randall 's mother , the judge recuses himself ; the new judge grants the adoption .","Concurrently , William pleads guilty to a drug charge .","Although the judge is disappointed because William had a clean record , William claims to be more disappointed , due to the loss of his loved ones and son .","The judge visits William in jail , offering to reduce the sentence and get him help , if he stays sober .","William keeps this promise for at least 30 years , until hearing his cancer is terminal .","As he is about to use , Randall introduces himself as William 's biological son .","In the present , Randall takes Deja to visit her mother Shauna in prison , but Shauna declines the visit .","Randall later talks to Shauna , who intends to take Deja back after her release .","He lets Shauna call Deja collect .","Kevin 's relationship with Sophie deteriorates as he continues abusing pain medication and alcohol .","Kate and Toby announce their pregnancy to Kevin , plan to get married at city hall , but then consider a big wedding .","26 8 `` Number One '' Ken Olin K.J.","Steinberg November 14 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 14 ) 2AZC08 10.05 In flashbacks , baby Kevin walks first .","Teenage Kevin disrespects a Pitt football recruiter , thinking Pitt inferior , so Jack scolds Kevin .","As Jack speaks with his sponsor , and recites the serenity prayer , Kevin remains flippant , but Jack apologizes to Kevin .","A game injury ends Kevin 's football prospects while Jack and Randall are away at a college tour .","Jack comes to the hospital and assures Kevin he has other talents , and will find his purpose .","Kevin apologizes for his attitude .","Jack gives him a pendant , symbolizing `` purpose '' , given to him in Vietnam at a personal low point .","Jack says Kevin is his purpose .","Present - day Kevin , exhausted by substance abuse , is an honored alumnus at his high school .","His football coach introduces him ; Kevin imagines Jack giving the speech .","Kevin declares himself unworthy of his award .","He pantomimes football on the field , giving play - by - play commentary on his failures .","He has sex with fellow honoree Charlotte , a doctor , and uses her prescription pad to create a forgery ; he quickly leaves a pharmacy after police enter , having left the pendant in Charlotte 's house , but she keeps him out .","He collapses , begging for help .","He visits Randall , who assumes Kevin 's desire to talk concerns Kate 's miscarriage .","27 9 `` Number Two '' Ken Olin K.J. Steinberg & Shukree Hassan Tilghman November 21 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 21 ) 2AZC09 9.34","In flashbacks , baby Kate walks second .","Teenage Kate bonds with the dog , Louie .","Kate seems unconcerned with college applications ; Rebecca is pleased to discover Kate 's application for Berklee .","At Kevin 's game , Kate accepts Rebecca 's praise just as Kevin is injured .","At the hospital , Kate admits she feared disappointing Rebecca ; Rebecca acknowledges their emotional distance , but is ready to support Kate when needed .","Kate watches her parents embrace .","Present - day Kate talks to her unborn baby ; she and Toby focus on her prenatal care , but she miscarries .","Kate leaves a singing gig , overcome at seeing a family ; she loads a buffet plate but leaves it untouched .","Toby works frantically to avert the delivery of a baby bath .","At home , Kate blames Toby for getting her excited about the baby ; she tells Toby that the miscarriage did n't happen to him , but he asserts that he shares their loss .","Rebecca arrives and Kate accepts her support .","Kate admits feeling she hurt Toby by miscarrying ; Rebecca shares that concealing from Jack her grief over triplet Kyle 's death led her to a breakdown in a supermarket after six weeks .","Kate tells Toby how she feels , and they agree to try again soon ; they reaffirm their love .","28 10 `` Number Three '' Ken Olin Shukree Hassan Tilghman November 28 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 28 ) 2AZC10 10.94 In flashbacks , baby Randall walks third .","Jack expects teenage Randall to attend Harvard , but lets Randall tour Howard .","Jack takes the official tour ; a friend shows Randall around .","Randall tells Jack that others ' reactions make him feel `` off - balance '' as the only black family member .","Jack shows Randall the Vietnam Veterans Memorial ; Jack felt off - balance when he returned from the war .","Jack believes Randall will find balance and be `` spectacular '' .","They return to Pittsburgh for hospitalized Kevin ; Jack admits monitoring all three children is difficult .","In the present , the charges against Deja 's mother Shauna are dropped ; Randall and Beth consider fighting for custody .","Randall recalls William 's account of following Rebecca home after her second visit ; he realized Randall had a full life without him , and left .","Randall observes Shauna preparing for Deja 's homecoming , and realizes Deja 's home is with Shauna ; Beth agrees .","They attend Deja 's school presentation .","Shauna takes Deja home ; Randall offers help .","Randall and Beth agree to foster again ; a young boy meets with his social worker .","Kevin arrives , but leaves quickly after drinking vodka .","Kevin is speeding --","Tess , hidden in his backseat because she `` hates '' home , admonishes him ; Kevin is arrested for DUI ; Tess is safe .","29 11 `` The Fifth Wheel ''","Chris Koch Vera Herbert January 9 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 09 ) 2AZC11 9.65","When the kids are 10 , Jack takes the family to a cabin vacation , getting Kevin after football camp .","Randall 's new glasses are missing .","Rebecca notices Kate 's food obsession ; Jack has her exercise , but takes her for ice cream .","During a thunderstorm , Kevin brings Randall 's glasses to their parents ' room -- where Kate and Randall are sleeping .","He sleeps on the floor .","Present - day Toby finds junk - food trash .","Tess tells her parents she was sad when Deja had to leave .","The family visits Kevin at rehab ; Barbara , the facilitator , wants only immediate family at Kevin 's first session .","Kevin apologizes to the family , but Barbara has him discuss family issues .","Kevin says they are a family of addicts .","Kevin felt like an outcast ( `` fifth wheel '' ) :","Kate had Jack 's support ; Rebecca loved Randall more than Kevin .","Randall scolds Kevin ; Rebecca , crying , says why Randall was easier to love .","Toby , Beth , and Miguel , at a bar , discuss being outsiders , Miguel the only one who knew Jack .","After the session , the Big Three reconcile .","Kate admits to Toby about hiding junk food since miscarrying .","Rebecca tells Kevin why she never worried about him , but they had their moments .","( In the flashback , Rebecca joins Kevin on the floor . )","30 12 `` Clooney '' Zetna Fuentes Bekah Brunstetter January 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 16 ) 2AZC12 9.82 Jack and Rebecca take the teenage Big Three shopping for suits and dresses for the winter formal and Jack 's job .","Randall asks a redhead girl out .","Though the teenagers are almost starting college , Jack again wants to start `` Big Three Homes '' ( which he put aside to support his family ) .","Presently , William 's stray cat `` Clooney '' wanders .","After rehab , Kevin stays with Rebecca -- whom Miguel is protecting , since Kevin upset her by getting arrested and criticizing her at rehab .","Miguel later tells Kevin that Jack and Rebecca were a unified couple , not individuals ; he did not love Rebecca while Jack was alive , but does now and is staying .","Kate befriends Madison from support group ; they go wedding dress shopping ; Kate discovers Madison 's bulimia .","Madison later faints and calls Kate for help .","Kate says losing weight as a teenager did not make her happy .","Randall visits Beth at work ; she says working again would help him .","Randall gets William 's box from storage , searches for a lady about whom William wrote and drew , and discovers from a picture it was Billie Holiday .","Randall tells Beth he wants to buy and manage the run - down building with her .","In the flashback , they forget smoke detector batteries .","31 13 `` That 'll Be the Day ''","Uta Briesewitz Kay Oyegun & Don Roos January 23 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 23 ) 2AZC13 9.37 Around 1980 , an elderly couple look through their junk , including a jukebox which would play `` That 'll Be the Day '' .","When their house gets a buyer , the man gives his neighbor , Jack , a slow cooker with a tricky switch .","In 1998 , Jack and Rebecca watch the Super Bowl alone as the teenagers are otherwise occupied -- Kevin is with Sophie , Randall is on a date , and Kate is making a music college audition tape ( which Jack videotapes , to Kate 's initial disapproval ) .","Presently , Randall and Beth buy William 's old building .","Kevin helps Randall do repairs ; they soon find themselves overwhelmed -- and bugs , so the building is vacated when an exterminator is called .","When Toby looks for a dog on the internet , Kate -- with mixed feelings -- adopts a dog .","Kevin tries to make amends to Sophie , receives his missing pendant in the mail -- and knows that he can not make amends to his dad .","In 1998 , the old slow cooker 's faulty switch causes a house fire .","32 14 `` Super Bowl Sunday ''","John Requa & Glenn Ficarra Dan Fogelman February 4 , 2018 ( 2018 - 02 - 04 ) 2AZC14 26.97","In 1998 , Jack evacuates the family ( Kevin is away ) from the burning house , then retrieves Kate 's dog and family mementos .","Jack , hospitalized for smoke inhalation , dies suddenly of cardiac arrest , to Rebecca 's shock .","She tells Miguel , Randall , and Kate ; Kate tells Kevin .","On the 20th anniversary of Jack 's death , Kate 's VCR damages her audition tape Jack recorded -- and saved from the fire -- which she watches cathartically , blaming herself .","Toby gets the tape repaired and digitized .","Kate tells Toby he strengthens her , and Jack would have loved him .","Kevin visits Jack 's memorial tree , admitting not living up to Jack 's legacy , but wanting to make him proud .","Rebecca makes Jack 's favorite lasagna , and bonds with Kevin .","Randall holds a Super Bowl party to commemorate Jack , but is emotional when the family 's new pet lizard dies .","Tess admits trying to prevent social workers from calling , fearing recent changes mean Randall wants a `` new life '' .","He reassures her he will always be devoted to her ; she is happy the family participates in fostering .","Deja unexpectedly arrives ; Randall and Beth comfort her .","The boy seen earlier is placed with a couple ; the social worker is adult Tess , whom older Randall meets for dinner .","33 15 `` The Car '' Ken Olin Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger February 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 02 - 06 ) 2AZC15 10.13","Jack buys a costly Wagoneer because his young children love it .","The Pearsons , going to see `` Weird Al '' Yankovic , slowly cross a bridge Rebecca fears .","Jack drives Rebecca , awaiting MRI results , to his `` favorite tree '' ( nearest a pay phone ) ;","Rebecca is fine , as Jack anticipated .","Jack predicts he will die first ; he asks to be outside , not buried .","The brothers fight during Randall 's driving lesson ; Jack exhorts them to be close like him and his brother , who died in Vietnam .","Jack drives truant Kate to Alanis Morissette 's autograph session ; they compare Morrissette with Bruce Springsteen .","Rebecca drives the teenagers to Jack 's funeral , stalking the urn because she was not in Jack 's room when he died .","Dr. K -- married to Anne -- attends ; he tells Rebecca Jack often sought his advice and she has always been strong .","Kate decides to give away her dog ; Rebecca affirms that Jack 's death is not Kate 's fault -- Jack made his own decisions .","The brothers bicker over manly duties ; Rebecca tells them to remain teenagers ; they make peace .","The Pearsons scatter Jack 's ashes at the tree ; Kate keeps some .","Jack had purchased Springsteen tickets for that night ; Rebecca drives the family to the concert -- crossing the bridge .","34 16 `` Vegas , Baby '' Joanna Kerns Laura Kenar February 27 , 2018 ( 2018 - 02 - 27 ) 2AZC16 9.74 Jack and Rebecca celebrate their early wedding anniversaries -- she , with small thoughtful gifts ; he , with grand romantic gestures .","The children , age 10 , plan a romantic anniversary celebration ( despite Rebecca 's desire not to celebrate ) , including an attempted dinner , and culminating in observing a meteor shower .","Rebecca decides they should always celebrate their anniversary .","Presently , Toby and Kate hold their bachelor and bachelorette parties in Las Vegas .","Kevin , Randall , Beth , and others attend ; Toby has no close male friends , and Kate and Beth are not close .","Kevin maintains his sobriety , despite struggling when learning his film scenes may have been cut .","Weeks after providing Deja money for Shauna 's utility bill , Randall worries about Deja ; Beth wants to move on ; they argue .","Kate tries to mediate , revealing she feels Beth replaced her in Randall 's life ; Kate explains she was closest to Randall during part of their youth ; Beth admits her love for absent Deja hurts .","Toby supports Kevin and Randall , saying his own brother never desired a close relationship .","Ron Howard tells Kevin his great work is still in the movie .","When returning home , Beth decides she and Randall should visit Deja ; they find her and Shauna living in a car .","35 17 `` This Big , Amazing , Beautiful Life '' Rebecca Asher Kay Oyegun March 6 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 06 ) 2AZC17 8.90 Flashbacks show other characters ' experiences paralleling Deja 's .","16 - year - old Shauna gives birth to Deja ; Shauna 's grandmother `` G.G. '' urges Shauna towards accountability .","Three years later , G.G. financially supports Shauna .","G.G. dies ; Shauna depends on Deja .","Teenaged Deja injures herself cooking Shauna 's birthday dinner ; Linda removes Deja from her home .","Stress drives Shauna to drug use and Deja stays in the foster system .","Deja and her foster sister Raven , after shoplifting , are removed from a physically abusive foster father 's home ; Raven was willing to endure minor abuse for stability .","Deja returns to Shauna ; Shauna 's mooching boyfriend Lonzo brings a gun into the home ; Deja 's alopecia begins amid the adults ' fighting .","The gun is found in Shauna 's car ; Deja lives with the Pearsons , returning to Shauna after the charges are dropped .","Shauna breaks up with Lonzo but spends her and Deja 's savings to bail him out of jail ; Deja attempts to raise money , but decides not to pawn G.G. 's brooch ; Shauna and Deja are evicted for unpaid rent .","Randall and Beth take in Shauna and Deja .","Deja concludes that the human experience is universal .","Shauna believes she deprived Deja of a childhood ; she decides to leave Deja with the Pearsons .","36 18 `` The Wedding '' Ken Olin Isaac Aptaker & Elizabeth Berger March 13 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 13 ) 2AZC18 10.94 As Kate 's wedding approaches ; she dreams of Jack and Rebecca renewing their vows on their 40th wedding anniversary ; Toby is not in the dream .","After unsuccessfully seeking `` something old '' connected to Jack , Kate makes room in her heart for Toby by resolving her grief over Jack ; she scatters the remainder of Jack 's ashes near the Pearson cabin .","Kate tells Rebecca she admires her .","Toby 's divorced parents disapprove of the marriage , fearing a relapse of the depression Toby suffered after his first marriage ; Toby demands they celebrate the wedding or leave ; they stay to celebrate .","Kate and Toby marry ; Jack once told Kate she would someday marry a man better than himself .","Kevin allows himself to grieve over Jack .","Deja is surly after Shauna requested termination of parental rights ; Beth 's cousin Zoe , the wedding photographer , consoles Deja by sharing how she accepted Beth 's family 's love after her own mother abandoned her .","However , after Toby 's mother says Deja resembles Randall , Deja vandalizes Randall 's car .","In the future , Kevin ( contemplating Jack and Nicky 's Vietnam War picture ) and Zoe fly to Vietnam together ; Kate nurses a cripplingly depressed Toby .","Further in the future , Randall and adult Tess feel unprepared to see an unshown female ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5340763769833264035","input":"the brave little toaster to the rescue wittgenstein","passages":[{"title":"The Brave Little Toaster to the Rescue","text":"The Brave Little Toaster to the Rescue DVD cover Directed by Robert C. Ramirez Produced by Donald Kushner Thomas L. Wilhite John Bush Kurt Albrecht ( co-producer ) Willard Carroll ( executive producer ) Peter Locke ( executive producer ) Written by Original Brave Little Toaster characters : Thomas M. Disch ( book ) , Jerry Rees and Joe Ranft ( 1987 film ) Screenplay : Willard Carroll Starring Deanna Oliver Tim Stack Thurl Ravenscroft Music by Alexander Janko ( score ) , William Finn and Ellen Fitzhugh ( songs ) Production company Hyperion Animation The Kushner - Locke Company Distributed by Walt Disney Home Video Release date May 20 , 1999 ( 1999 - 05 - 20 ) ( VHS ) Running time 74 minutes Country United States Language English","sentences":["The Brave Little Toaster to the Rescue DVD cover Directed by Robert C. Ramirez Produced by","Donald Kushner Thomas L. Wilhite John Bush Kurt Albrecht ( co-producer )","Willard Carroll ( executive producer )","Peter Locke ( executive producer ) Written by Original Brave Little Toaster characters : Thomas M. Disch ( book ) , Jerry Rees and Joe Ranft ( 1987 film ) Screenplay : Willard Carroll Starring Deanna Oliver Tim Stack Thurl Ravenscroft Music by Alexander Janko ( score ) , William Finn and Ellen Fitzhugh ( songs ) Production company Hyperion Animation","The Kushner - Locke Company Distributed by Walt Disney Home Video Release date May 20 , 1999 ( 1999 - 05 - 20 ) ( VHS )","Running time 74 minutes Country United States Language English"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8859467176599855779","input":"who said you shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns","passages":[{"title":"Cross of Gold speech","text":"When a crisis like the present arose and the national bank of his day sought to control the politics of the nation , God raised up an Andrew Jackson , who had the courage to grapple with that great enemy , and by overthrowing it , he made himself the idol of the people and reinstated the Democratic party in public confidence . What will the decision be today ? The Democratic party has won the greatest success in its history . Standing upon this victory - crowned summit , will it turn its face to the rising or the setting sun ? Will it choose blessings or cursings -- life or death -- which ? Which ?","sentences":["When a crisis like the present arose and the national bank of his day sought to control the politics of the nation , God raised up an Andrew Jackson , who had the courage to grapple with that great enemy , and by overthrowing it , he made himself the idol of the people and reinstated the Democratic party in public confidence .","What will the decision be today ?","The Democratic party has won the greatest success in its history .","Standing upon this victory - crowned summit , will it turn its face to the rising or the setting sun ?","Will it choose blessings or cursings -- life or death -- which ?","Which ?"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1776463086929020924","input":"who is the woman in the mask got","passages":[{"title":"Chewbacca Mask Lady","text":"The video became so popular that Forbes reported that the mask sold out from every online retailer . In response to the video , Kohl 's , where the mask was purchased , rewarded Payne with about $2,500 in gift cards , Star Wars toys and 10,000 reward points . On May 23 , 2016 , Holly Willoughby and Phillip Schofield wore the masks on This Morning . On the same day , Payne was featured on Good Morning America . On the show , Hasbro rewarded her with more Star Wars toys . Later that day , The Gregory Brothers uploaded an autotuned remix of the video . Payne was later featured on The Late Late Show with James Corden with J.J. Abrams . She was also featured on `` The Star Wars Show '' on the Star Wars official YouTube channel on May 25 , 2016 . Additionally , Payne received $7,500 for a Memorial Day weekend visit at Disney 's Hollywood Studios , $2,000 to attend the Fan Dallas Expo with Chewbacca actor Peter Mayhew , and $400,000 in scholarship money from Southeastern University , bringing the total value of her gift to more than $420,000 as of June 7 , 2016 .","sentences":["The video became so popular that Forbes reported that the mask sold out from every online retailer .","In response to the video , Kohl 's , where the mask was purchased , rewarded Payne with about $2,500 in gift cards , Star Wars toys and 10,000 reward points .","On May 23 , 2016 , Holly Willoughby and Phillip Schofield wore the masks on This Morning .","On the same day , Payne was featured on Good Morning America .","On the show , Hasbro rewarded her with more Star Wars toys .","Later that day , The Gregory Brothers uploaded an autotuned remix of the video .","Payne was later featured on The Late Late Show with James Corden with J.J. Abrams .","She was also featured on `` The Star Wars Show '' on the Star Wars official YouTube channel on May 25 , 2016 .","Additionally , Payne received $7,500 for a Memorial Day weekend visit at Disney 's Hollywood Studios , $2,000 to attend the Fan Dallas Expo with Chewbacca actor Peter Mayhew , and $400,000 in scholarship money from Southeastern University , bringing the total value of her gift to more than $420,000 as of June 7 , 2016 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1797601941816727647","input":"what were key resources exploited by colonial settlers in new england","passages":[{"title":"Exploitation colonialism","text":"This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( February 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Exploitation","sentences":["This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( February 2015 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","Exploitation"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1104547869806572477","input":"daniel craig the girl with the dragon tattoo sequel","passages":[{"title":"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)","text":"In addition to numerous awards , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo was included on several year - end lists by film commentators and publications . It was named the best film of 2011 by MTV and James Berardinelli of ReelViews . The former wrote , `` The director follows up the excellent Social Network with another tour de force , injecting the murder mystery that introduces us to outcast hacker Lisbeth Salander ( ... ) and embattled journalist ( ... ) with style , intensity and relentless suspense . Mara is a revelation , and the film 's daunting 160 - minute runtime breezes by thanks to one heart - racing scene after the next . Dark and tough to watch at times , but a triumph all around . '' The film came second in indieWire 's list of `` Drew Taylor 's Favorite Films Of 2011 '' , while reaching the top ten of seven other publications , including the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , San Francisco Chronicle , and the New Orleans Times - Picayune . The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo was declared one of the best films of the year by the American Film Institute , as well as the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures .","sentences":["In addition to numerous awards , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo was included on several year - end lists by film commentators and publications .","It was named the best film of 2011 by MTV and James Berardinelli of ReelViews .","The former wrote , `` The director follows up the excellent Social Network with another tour de force , injecting the murder mystery that introduces us to outcast hacker Lisbeth Salander ( ... ) and embattled journalist ( ... ) with style , intensity and relentless suspense .","Mara is a revelation , and the film 's daunting 160 - minute runtime breezes by thanks to one heart - racing scene after the next .","Dark and tough to watch at times , but a triumph all around . ''","The film came second in indieWire 's list of `` Drew Taylor 's Favorite Films Of 2011 '' , while reaching the top ten of seven other publications , including the St. Louis Post-Dispatch , San Francisco Chronicle , and the New Orleans Times - Picayune .","The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo was declared one of the best films of the year by the American Film Institute , as well as the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7894343835002378049","input":"where was the cotton gin invented and where is it used today","passages":[{"title":"Cotton gin","text":"The invention of the cotton gin caused massive growth in the production of cotton in the United States , concentrated mostly in the South . Cotton production expanded from 750,000 bales in 1830 to 2.85 million bales in 1850 . As a result , the region became even more dependent on plantations and slavery , with plantation agriculture becoming the largest sector of its economy . While it took a single slave about ten hours to separate a single pound of fiber from the seeds , a team of two or three slaves using a cotton gin could produce around fifty pounds of cotton in just one day . The number of slaves rose in concert with the increase in cotton production , increasing from around 700,000 in 1790 to around 3.2 million in 1850 . By 1860 , black slave labor from the American South was providing two - thirds of the world 's supply of cotton , and up to 80 % of the crucial British market . The cotton gin thus `` transformed cotton as a crop and the American South into the globe 's first agricultural powerhouse '' . An","sentences":["The invention of the cotton gin caused massive growth in the production of cotton in the United States , concentrated mostly in the South .","Cotton production expanded from 750,000 bales in 1830 to 2.85 million bales in 1850 .","As a result , the region became even more dependent on plantations and slavery , with plantation agriculture becoming the largest sector of its economy .","While it took a single slave about ten hours to separate a single pound of fiber from the seeds , a team of two or three slaves using a cotton gin could produce around fifty pounds of cotton in just one day .","The number of slaves rose in concert with the increase in cotton production , increasing from around 700,000 in 1790 to around 3.2 million in 1850 .","By 1860 , black slave labor from the American South was providing two - thirds of the world 's supply of cotton , and up to 80 % of the crucial British market .","The cotton gin thus `` transformed cotton as a crop and the American South into the globe 's first agricultural powerhouse '' .","An"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"23398507360239989","input":"where do the arizona cardinals play this week","passages":[{"title":"2017 Arizona Cardinals season","text":"First quarter ARI -- Phil Dawson 21 - yard field goal , 5 : 29 . Cardinals 3 -- 0 . Drive : 9 plays , 46 yards , 5 : 16 . Second quarter ARI -- Larry Fitzgerald 13 - yard pass from Drew Stanton ( Phil Dawson kick ) , 1 : 01 . Cardinals 10 -- 0 . Drive : 9 plays , 79 yards , 2 : 04 . Third quarter ARI -- John Brown 15 - yard pass from Drew Stanton ( Phil Dawson kick ) , 9 : 25 . Cardinals 17 -- 0 . Drive : 11 plays , 75 yards , 5 : 32 . Fourth quarter ARI -- Robert Nkemdiche 21 - yard fumble return ( Phil Dawson kick ) , 14 : 50 . Cardinals 23 -- 0 . Top passers NYG -- Eli Manning -- 27 \/ 45 , 263 yards , 2 INT ARI -- Drew Stanton -- 20 \/ 34 , 209 yards , 2 TD , 2 INT Top rushers NYG -- Wayne Gallman -- 10 carries , 18 yards ARI -- Kerwynn Williams -- 16 carries , 51 yards Top receivers NYG -- Rhett Ellison -- 4 receptions , 60 yards ARI -- Larry Fitzgerald -- 9 receptions , 119 yards , 1 TD Top tacklers NYG -- ARI --","sentences":["First quarter ARI -- Phil Dawson 21 - yard field goal , 5 : 29 .","Cardinals 3 -- 0 .","Drive : 9 plays , 46 yards , 5 : 16 .","Second quarter ARI -- Larry Fitzgerald 13 - yard pass from Drew Stanton ( Phil Dawson kick ) , 1 : 01 .","Cardinals 10 -- 0 .","Drive : 9 plays , 79 yards , 2 : 04 .","Third quarter ARI -- John Brown 15 - yard pass from Drew Stanton ( Phil Dawson kick ) , 9 : 25 .","Cardinals 17 -- 0 .","Drive : 11 plays , 75 yards , 5 : 32 .","Fourth quarter ARI -- Robert Nkemdiche 21 - yard fumble return ( Phil Dawson kick ) , 14 : 50 .","Cardinals 23 -- 0 .","Top passers NYG -- Eli Manning -- 27 \/ 45 , 263 yards , 2 INT ARI -- Drew Stanton -- 20 \/ 34 , 209 yards , 2 TD , 2 INT Top rushers NYG -- Wayne Gallman -- 10 carries , 18 yards ARI -- Kerwynn Williams -- 16 carries , 51 yards Top receivers NYG --","Rhett Ellison -- 4 receptions , 60 yards ARI -- Larry Fitzgerald -- 9 receptions , 119 yards , 1 TD Top tacklers NYG -- ARI --"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1820893304205843705","input":"a rock with equal modal contents of quartz plagioclase and orthoclase is known as","passages":[{"title":"Leucitite","text":"Those leucite rocks which contain abundant essential plagioclase feldspar are known as leucite tephrites and leucite basanites . The former consist mainly of plagioclase , leucite and augite , while the latter contain olivine in addition . The leucite is often present in two sets of crystals , both porphyritic and as an ingredient of the ground mass . It is always idiomorphic with rounded outlines . The feldspar ranges from bytownite to oligoclase , being usually a variety of labradorite ; orthoclase is scarce . The augite varies a good deal in chemnistry and optical character , being green , brown or violet ( suggesting high Na and Ti content ) , but it is rarely high enough in Na and Fe to qualify as aegirine - augite or aegirine . Among the accessory minerals biotite , brown hornblende , hauyne , iron oxides and apatite are the commonest ; melanite and nepheline may also occur . The ground mass of these rocks is only occasionally rich in glass . The leucite - tephrites and leucite - basanites of Vesuvius and Somma are familiar examples of this class of rocks . They are black or ashy - grey in color , often vesicular , and may contain many large grey phenocysts of leucite . Their black augite and yellow green olivine are also easily observed in hand specimens . From Volcan Ello , Sardinia and Roccamonfina similar rocks are obtained ; they occur also in Bohemia , in Java , Celebes , Kilimanjaro ( Africa ) and near Trebizond in Asia Minor .","sentences":["Those leucite rocks which contain abundant essential plagioclase feldspar are known as leucite tephrites and leucite basanites .","The former consist mainly of plagioclase , leucite and augite , while the latter contain olivine in addition .","The leucite is often present in two sets of crystals , both porphyritic and as an ingredient of the ground mass .","It is always idiomorphic with rounded outlines .","The feldspar ranges from bytownite to oligoclase , being usually a variety of labradorite ; orthoclase is scarce .","The augite varies a good deal in chemnistry and optical character , being green , brown or violet ( suggesting high Na and Ti content ) , but it is rarely high enough in Na and Fe to qualify as aegirine - augite or aegirine .","Among the accessory minerals biotite , brown hornblende , hauyne , iron oxides and apatite are the commonest ; melanite and nepheline may also occur .","The ground mass of these rocks is only occasionally rich in glass .","The leucite - tephrites and leucite - basanites of Vesuvius and Somma are familiar examples of this class of rocks .","They are black or ashy - grey in color , often vesicular , and may contain many large grey phenocysts of leucite .","Their black augite and yellow green olivine are also easily observed in hand specimens .","From Volcan Ello , Sardinia and Roccamonfina similar rocks are obtained ; they occur also in Bohemia , in Java , Celebes , Kilimanjaro ( Africa ) and near Trebizond in Asia Minor ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1607786043104437254","input":"when was the sir robert bond bridge built","passages":[{"title":"Robert Bond","text":"Bond received several honours during his premiership . On 24 October 1901 Bond was invested as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George ( KCMG ) during the visit to St John 's of the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York ( later King George V and Queen Mary ) . During his 1902 visit to London he was sworn a member of the Imperial Privy Council on 11 August 1902 , following an announcement of the King \u2032 s intention to make this appointment in the 1902 Coronation Honours list published in June that year . He was given the freedom of the city of Edinburgh during a visit to the city on 26 July 1902 , and of the City of London , Manchester , and Bristol in 1907 . When he visited Edinburgh in July 1902 ha was also awarded an honorary LL. D. by the University of Edinburgh .","sentences":["Bond received several honours during his premiership .","On 24 October 1901 Bond was invested as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George ( KCMG ) during the visit to St John 's of the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York ( later King George V and Queen Mary ) .","During his 1902 visit to London he was sworn a member of the Imperial Privy Council on 11 August 1902 , following an announcement of the King \u2032 s intention to make this appointment in the 1902 Coronation Honours list published in June that year .","He was given the freedom of the city of Edinburgh during a visit to the city on 26 July 1902 , and of the City of London , Manchester , and Bristol in 1907 .","When he visited Edinburgh in July 1902 ha was also awarded an honorary LL.","D. by the University of Edinburgh ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1279695944582347836","input":"unable to build nests or care for their young","passages":[{"title":"Bird nest","text":"In warm climates , such as deserts and salt flats , heat rather than cold can kill the developing embryos . In such places , scrapes are shallower and tend to be lined with non-vegetative material ( including shells , feathers , sticks and soil ) , which allows convective cooling to occur as air moves over the eggs . Some species , such as the lesser nighthawk and the red - tailed tropicbird , help reduce the nest 's temperature by placing it in partial or full shade . Others , including some shorebirds , cast shade with their bodies as they stand over their eggs . Some shorebirds also soak their breast feathers with water and then sit on the eggs , providing moisture to enable evaporative cooling . Parent birds keep from overheating themselves by gular panting while they are incubating , frequently exchanging incubation duties , and standing in water when they are not incubating .","sentences":["In warm climates , such as deserts and salt flats , heat rather than cold can kill the developing embryos .","In such places , scrapes are shallower and tend to be lined with non-vegetative material ( including shells , feathers , sticks and soil ) , which allows convective cooling to occur as air moves over the eggs .","Some species , such as the lesser nighthawk and the red - tailed tropicbird , help reduce the nest 's temperature by placing it in partial or full shade .","Others , including some shorebirds , cast shade with their bodies as they stand over their eggs .","Some shorebirds also soak their breast feathers with water and then sit on the eggs , providing moisture to enable evaporative cooling .","Parent birds keep from overheating themselves by gular panting while they are incubating , frequently exchanging incubation duties , and standing in water when they are not incubating ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8013900767328483486","input":"discuss the measures undertaken for poverty alleviation in india","passages":[{"title":"Poverty alleviation programmes in India","text":"The Ministry of Rural Development ( MRD ) is the nodal Ministry for the implementation of NREGA . It is responsible for ensuring timely and adequate resource support to the States and to the Central Council . It has to undertake regular review , monitoring and evaluation of processes and outcomes . It is responsible for maintaining and operating the MIS to capture and track data on critical aspects of implementation , and assess the utilization of resources through a set of performance indicators . MRD will support innovations that help in improving processes towards the achievement of the objectives of the Act . It will support the use of Information Technology ( IT ) to increase the efficiency and transparency of the processes as well as improve interface with the public . It will also ensure that the implementation of NREGA at all levels is sought to be made transparent and accountable to the public. Now 100 to 150 days work for all is provided .","sentences":["The Ministry of Rural Development ( MRD ) is the nodal Ministry for the implementation of NREGA .","It is responsible for ensuring timely and adequate resource support to the States and to the Central Council .","It has to undertake regular review , monitoring and evaluation of processes and outcomes .","It is responsible for maintaining and operating the MIS to capture and track data on critical aspects of implementation , and assess the utilization of resources through a set of performance indicators .","MRD will support innovations that help in improving processes towards the achievement of the objectives of the Act .","It will support the use of Information Technology ( IT ) to increase the efficiency and transparency of the processes as well as improve interface with the public .","It will also ensure that the implementation of NREGA at all levels is sought to be made transparent and accountable to the public.","Now 100 to 150 days work for all is provided ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5502907616280767819","input":"who is the man in the high tower","passages":[{"title":"The Man in the High Castle (TV series)","text":"Joe returns to New York to hand over the film to Smith and request for his resignation , but Smith denies his request before delivering the film to Hitler . Karen and Lem confront Juliana for not shooting Joe before she is tranquilized . She wakes up in the home of Hawthorne Abendsen , The Man in the High Castle , and his vast film collection . Meanwhile , General Onoda reveals to Tagomi and his staff that the capsule Science Minister Shimada found in his pocket contains the plans for a nuclear weapon that the Empire intends to use to crush the Nazis , much to Tagomi 's dismay . Frank confronts Arnold about spying over his own family . Desperate to clear Ed 's name , Frank goes to Childan and asks for his help . Juliana attempts to get answers from an evasive Abendsen and receives a clue which may help to avert nuclear war . Gary Connell , leader of the West Coast Resistance , goes against orders and tries to kill Juliana , but she escapes at a Kempeitai checkpoint . A gunfight ensues between the Resistance members and the Japanese soldiers . Karen is killed in the crossfire .","sentences":["Joe returns to New York to hand over the film to Smith and request for his resignation , but Smith denies his request before delivering the film to Hitler .","Karen and Lem confront Juliana for not shooting Joe before she is tranquilized .","She wakes up in the home of Hawthorne Abendsen , The Man in the High Castle , and his vast film collection .","Meanwhile , General Onoda reveals to Tagomi and his staff that the capsule Science Minister Shimada found in his pocket contains the plans for a nuclear weapon that the Empire intends to use to crush the Nazis , much to Tagomi 's dismay .","Frank confronts Arnold about spying over his own family .","Desperate to clear Ed 's name , Frank goes to Childan and asks for his help .","Juliana attempts to get answers from an evasive Abendsen and receives a clue which may help to avert nuclear war .","Gary Connell , leader of the West Coast Resistance , goes against orders and tries to kill Juliana , but she escapes at a Kempeitai checkpoint .","A gunfight ensues between the Resistance members and the Japanese soldiers .","Karen is killed in the crossfire ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6532197455707465403","input":"what month has the most rain in florida","passages":[{"title":"Climate of Florida","text":"Average low \u00b0 F ( \u00b0 C ) 64.7 ( 18.2 ) 65.6 ( 18.7 ) 68.7 ( 20.4 ) 72.0 ( 22.2 ) 75.7 ( 24.3 ) 78.4 ( 25.8 ) 79.6 ( 26.4 ) 79.4 ( 26.3 ) 78.4 ( 25.8 ) 75.7 ( 24.3 ) 71.2 ( 21.8 ) 66.6 ( 19.2 ) 73.0 ( 22.8 )","sentences":["Average low \u00b0 F ( \u00b0 C )","64.7 ( 18.2 ) 65.6 ( 18.7 )","68.7 ( 20.4 ) 72.0 ( 22.2 ) 75.7","( 24.3 ) 78.4 ( 25.8 )","79.6 ( 26.4 ) 79.4","( 26.3 ) 78.4 ( 25.8 ) 75.7","( 24.3 ) 71.2 ( 21.8 ) 66.6","( 19.2 ) 73.0","( 22.8 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6292253878764318275","input":"when is made in chelsea available on 4od","passages":[{"title":"Made in Chelsea","text":"The second series began airing on 19 September 2011 on E4 . The series concluded on 21 November 2011 after 10 episodes , however an end of season party episode aired on 28 November 2011 which was hosted by Rick Edwards and featured the cast members reuniting to discuss everything from the series . Filming for the series began on 29 July 2011 . This series featured the arrival of several new cast members including Alice Davidson , Chloe Green , Jamie Laing , Oliver Proudlock and Victoria Baker - Harber as well as the reintroduction of Louise Thompson , the ex-girlfriend of Spencer Matthews who briefly appeared during the first series . On 22 December 2011 , the show 's first Christmas special aired . The series included a rift forming between Binky and Cheska as they 're forced to pick sides with Gabriella and Ollie , Spencer breaking off his brief fling with Louise to chase after Caggie again , and the breakdown of Hugo and Millie 's relationship when it 's announced that both have cheated on each other , leading up to Millie exposing Hugo 's night with Rosie to a room full of guests .","sentences":["The second series began airing on 19 September 2011 on E4 .","The series concluded on 21 November 2011 after 10 episodes , however an end of season party episode aired on 28 November 2011 which was hosted by Rick Edwards and featured the cast members reuniting to discuss everything from the series .","Filming for the series began on 29 July 2011 .","This series featured the arrival of several new cast members including Alice Davidson , Chloe Green , Jamie Laing , Oliver Proudlock and Victoria Baker - Harber as well as the reintroduction of Louise Thompson , the ex-girlfriend of Spencer Matthews who briefly appeared during the first series .","On 22 December 2011 , the show 's first Christmas special aired .","The series included a rift forming between Binky and Cheska as they 're forced to pick sides with Gabriella and Ollie , Spencer breaking off his brief fling with Louise to chase after Caggie again , and the breakdown of Hugo and Millie 's relationship when it 's announced that both have cheated on each other , leading up to Millie exposing Hugo 's night with Rosie to a room full of guests ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6436185525254599855","input":"what is a good number of inventory turns","passages":[{"title":"Inventory turnover","text":"Business administration Management of a business Accounting ( show ) Management accounting Financial accounting Financial audit Business entities ( show ) Cooperative Corporation Limited liability company Partnership Sole proprietorship State - owned enterprise Corporate governance ( show ) Annual general meeting Board of directors Supervisory board Advisory board Audit committee Corporate law ( show ) Commercial law Constitutional documents Contract Corporate crime Corporate liability Insolvency law International trade law Mergers and acquisitions Economics ( show ) Commodity Public economics Labour economics Development economics International economics Mixed economy Planned economy Econometrics Environmental economics Open economy Market economy Knowledge economy Microeconomics Macroeconomics Economic development Economic statistics Finance ( show ) Financial statement Insurance Factoring Cash conversion cycle Insider dealing Capital budgeting Commercial bank Derivative Financial statement analysis Financial risk Public finance Corporate finance Managerial finance International finance Liquidation Stock market Financial market Tax Financial institution Working capital Venture capital Marketing ( show ) Marketing Marketing research Public relations Sales Types of management ( show ) Asset Brand Business intelligence Business development Capacity Change innovation Commercial marketing Communications Conflict Content Customer relationship Distributed Earned value Electronic business Enterprise resource planning management information system Financial Human resource development Incident Integrated Knowledge Materials Network administrator Office Operations services Performance Power Problem Process Product life - cycle Product Project Quality Records Resource Risk crisis Sales Security Service Strategic Supply chain Systems administrator Talent Technology Organization ( show ) Architecture Behavior Communication Culture Conflict Development Engineering Hierarchy Patterns Space Structure Trade ( show ) Business analysis Business ethics Business plan Business judgment rule Consumer behaviour Business operations International business Business model International trade Business process Business statistics Business and economics portal","sentences":["Business administration Management of a business Accounting ( show )","Management accounting Financial accounting Financial audit Business entities ( show )","Cooperative Corporation Limited liability company Partnership Sole proprietorship State - owned enterprise Corporate governance ( show )","Annual general meeting Board of directors Supervisory board Advisory board Audit committee Corporate law ( show )","Commercial law Constitutional documents Contract Corporate crime Corporate liability Insolvency law International trade law Mergers and acquisitions Economics ( show )","Commodity Public economics Labour economics Development economics International economics Mixed economy Planned economy Econometrics Environmental economics Open economy Market economy Knowledge economy Microeconomics Macroeconomics Economic development Economic statistics Finance ( show )","Financial statement Insurance Factoring Cash conversion cycle Insider dealing Capital budgeting Commercial bank Derivative Financial statement analysis Financial risk Public finance Corporate finance Managerial finance International finance Liquidation Stock market Financial market Tax Financial institution Working capital Venture capital Marketing ( show )","Marketing Marketing research Public relations Sales Types of management ( show )","Asset Brand Business intelligence Business development Capacity Change innovation Commercial marketing Communications Conflict Content Customer relationship Distributed Earned value Electronic business Enterprise resource planning management information system Financial Human resource development","Incident Integrated Knowledge Materials Network administrator Office Operations services Performance Power Problem Process Product life - cycle Product Project Quality Records Resource Risk crisis Sales Security Service Strategic Supply chain Systems administrator Talent Technology Organization ( show )","Architecture Behavior Communication Culture Conflict Development Engineering Hierarchy Patterns Space Structure Trade ( show )","Business analysis Business ethics Business plan Business judgment rule Consumer behaviour Business operations International business Business model International trade Business process Business statistics Business and economics portal"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1395227941923805820","input":"what does negan mean in the walking dead","passages":[{"title":"Negan","text":"Negan and his men depart from the Safe - Zone with supplies , but , unbeknownst to them , Carl is hiding in the truck with an assault rifle . Once the Saviors get back to their base , Negan is amazed to see that Dwight is still alive . `` There is always next time , I suppose , '' he says , much to Dwight 's disgust . A Savior finds Carl , and Carl uses the rifle to kill six Saviors . They surround Carl , and he demands to speak with Negan . When Negan arrives , Carl fires at them until he loses control of his gun . Dwight is about to kill Carl when Negan stops Dwight and says , `` Is that any way to treat our new guest ? ''","sentences":["Negan and his men depart from the Safe - Zone with supplies , but , unbeknownst to them , Carl is hiding in the truck with an assault rifle .","Once the Saviors get back to their base , Negan is amazed to see that Dwight is still alive .","`` There is always next time , I suppose , '' he says , much to Dwight 's disgust .","A Savior finds Carl , and Carl uses the rifle to kill six Saviors .","They surround Carl , and he demands to speak with Negan .","When Negan arrives , Carl fires at them until he loses control of his gun .","Dwight is about to kill Carl when Negan stops Dwight and says , `` Is that any way to treat our new guest ? ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8170844035969624466","input":"the large pad at the base of the thumb is called","passages":[{"title":"Finger","text":"The extensors are located on the back of the forearm and are connected in a more complex way than the flexors to the dorsum of the fingers . The tendons unite with the interosseous and lumbrical muscles to form the extensorhood mechanism . The primary function of the extensors is to straighten out the digits . The thumb has two extensors in the forearm ; the tendons of these form the anatomical snuff box . Also , the index finger and the little finger have an extra extensor , used for instance for pointing . The extensors are situated within 6 separate compartments . The 1st compartment contains abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis . The 2nd compartment contains extensors carpi radialis longus and brevis . The 3rd compartment contains extensor pollicis longus . The extensor digitorum indicis and extensor digititorum communis are within the 4th compartment . Extensor digiti minimi is in the fifth , and extensor carpi ulnaris is in the 6th .","sentences":["The extensors are located on the back of the forearm and are connected in a more complex way than the flexors to the dorsum of the fingers .","The tendons unite with the interosseous and lumbrical muscles to form the extensorhood mechanism .","The primary function of the extensors is to straighten out the digits .","The thumb has two extensors in the forearm ; the tendons of these form the anatomical snuff box .","Also , the index finger and the little finger have an extra extensor , used for instance for pointing .","The extensors are situated within 6 separate compartments .","The 1st compartment contains abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis .","The 2nd compartment contains extensors carpi radialis longus and brevis .","The 3rd compartment contains extensor pollicis longus .","The extensor digitorum indicis and extensor digititorum communis are within the 4th compartment .","Extensor digiti minimi is in the fifth , and extensor carpi ulnaris is in the 6th ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5771614094399239901","input":"what is the perfect height for a model","passages":[{"title":"Model (person)","text":"By the late 1990s , the heroin chic era had run its course . Teen - inspired clothing infiltrated mainstream fashion , teen pop music was on the rise , and artists such as Britney Spears , Aaliyah and Christina Aguilera popularized pleather and bare midriffs . As fashion changed to a more youthful demographic , the models who rose to fame had to be sexier for the digital age . Following Gisele Bundchen 's breakthrough , a wave of Brazilian models including Adriana Lima , Alessandra Ambrosio , and Ana Beatriz Barros rose to fame on runways and became popular in commercial modelling throughout the 2000s . Some have tied this increase in Brazilian models to the trend of magazines featuring celebrities instead of models on their covers . Gemma","sentences":["By the late 1990s , the heroin chic era had run its course .","Teen - inspired clothing infiltrated mainstream fashion , teen pop music was on the rise , and artists such as Britney Spears , Aaliyah and Christina Aguilera popularized pleather and bare midriffs .","As fashion changed to a more youthful demographic , the models who rose to fame had to be sexier for the digital age .","Following Gisele Bundchen 's breakthrough , a wave of Brazilian models including Adriana Lima , Alessandra Ambrosio , and Ana Beatriz Barros rose to fame on runways and became popular in commercial modelling throughout the 2000s .","Some have tied this increase in Brazilian models to the trend of magazines featuring celebrities instead of models on their covers .","Gemma"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4158131744923925337","input":"what country is south of the united states","passages":[{"title":"Southern United States","text":"The migration also empowered the growing Civil Rights Movement . While the movement existed in all parts of the United States , its focus was against disfranchisement and the Jim Crow laws in the South . Most of the major events in the movement occurred in the South , including the Montgomery Bus Boycott , the Mississippi Freedom Summer , the March on Selma , Alabama , and the assassination of Martin Luther King , Jr ... In addition , some of the most important writings to come out of the movement were written in the South , such as King 's `` Letter from Birmingham Jail '' . Most of the civil rights landmarks can be found around the South . The Martin Luther King , Jr. , National Historic Site in Atlanta includes a museum that chronicles the American Civil Rights Movement as well as Martin Luther King , Jr. 's boyhood home on Auburn Avenue . Additionally , Ebenezer Baptist Church is located in the Sweet Auburn district as is the King Center , location of Martin Luther and Coretta Scott King 's gravesites .","sentences":["The migration also empowered the growing Civil Rights Movement .","While the movement existed in all parts of the United States , its focus was against disfranchisement and the Jim Crow laws in the South .","Most of the major events in the movement occurred in the South , including the Montgomery Bus Boycott , the Mississippi Freedom Summer , the March on Selma , Alabama , and the assassination of Martin Luther King , Jr ...","In addition , some of the most important writings to come out of the movement were written in the South , such as King 's `` Letter from Birmingham Jail '' .","Most of the civil rights landmarks can be found around the South .","The Martin Luther King , Jr. , National Historic Site in Atlanta includes a museum that chronicles the American Civil Rights Movement as well as Martin Luther King , Jr. 's boyhood home on Auburn Avenue .","Additionally , Ebenezer Baptist Church is located in the Sweet Auburn district as is the King Center , location of Martin Luther and Coretta Scott King 's gravesites ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7374492239085572789","input":"the official website of the philippine amusement and","passages":[{"title":"Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation","text":"The firm operates its own casinos and several VIP slot clubs in major cities across the country . It also oversees and regulates privately owned casinos , more than 180 bingo parlors , as well as e-games cafes across the country . The company employs more than 11,000 workers . In June 2007 , PAGCOR gained from a piece of legislation , Republic Act 9487 , which granted the state - run gaming firm , then under the leadership of Chairman Genuino , another 25 years to regulate and operate games of chance , to issue licenses , and to enter into joint venture , management , or investment agreements with private entities for the Entertainment City in the Manila Bay area , Para\u00f1aque , and in Newport City , Pasay , in particular . Chairman Genuino successfully attracted investors to the project to put up Las Vegas - style integrated resorts . Two integrated resorts opened in 1 November 2014 . a","sentences":["The firm operates its own casinos and several VIP slot clubs in major cities across the country .","It also oversees and regulates privately owned casinos , more than 180 bingo parlors , as well as e-games cafes across the country .","The company employs more than 11,000 workers .","In June 2007 , PAGCOR gained from a piece of legislation , Republic Act 9487 , which granted the state - run gaming firm , then under the leadership of Chairman Genuino , another 25 years to regulate and operate games of chance , to issue licenses , and to enter into joint venture , management , or investment agreements with private entities for the Entertainment City in the Manila Bay area , Para\u00f1aque , and in Newport City , Pasay , in particular .","Chairman Genuino successfully attracted investors to the project to put up Las Vegas - style integrated resorts .","Two integrated resorts opened in 1 November 2014 .","a"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5180376659445177630","input":"when do they blow the shofar on the feast of trumpets","passages":[{"title":"Shofar","text":"The expert who blows ( or `` blasts '' or `` sounds '' ) the shofar is termed the Tokea ( lit . `` Blaster '' ) or Ba'al Tekiah ( lit . `` Master of the Blast '' ) . Being a Ba'al Tekiah ( shofar sounder ) is an honor . Every male Jew is eligible for this sacred office , providing he is acceptable to the congregation . `` The one who blows the shofar on Rosh Hashanah ... should likewise be learned in the Torah and shall be God - fearing ; the best man available . '' If a potential choice will cause dissension , he should withdraw his candidacy , even if the improper person will be chosen .","sentences":["The expert who blows ( or `` blasts '' or `` sounds '' )","the shofar is termed the Tokea ( lit .","`` Blaster '' ) or Ba'al Tekiah ( lit .","`` Master of the Blast '' ) .","Being a Ba'al Tekiah ( shofar sounder ) is an honor .","Every male Jew is eligible for this sacred office , providing he is acceptable to the congregation .","`` The one who blows the shofar on Rosh Hashanah ... should likewise be learned in the Torah and shall be God - fearing ; the best man available . ''","If a potential choice will cause dissension , he should withdraw his candidacy , even if the improper person will be chosen ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3713026137512849626","input":"when does mlb resume after all star break","passages":[{"title":"2017 Major League Baseball All-Star Game","text":"The game was mostly pitching - dominated through the first four innings . After a two - out double by Jonathan Schoop , Miguel San\u00f3 finally got the AL on the board with his fifth inning RBI bloop single . In the bottom of the sixth , Yadier Molina became the oldest catcher to hit a home run in an All - Star game , when he hit one off Ervin Santana in the sixth inning , tying the game at one . Reggie Smith was the last Cardinal to hit an All - Star Game home run in the 1974 game . Robinson Can\u00f3 hit the game - winning home run in the tenth inning off Wade Davis , and was named the All - Star Game Most Valuable Player . He is the first second baseman since 1998 who was named All - Star Game MVP . Andrew Miller struck out Cody Bellinger swinging to end the night and earned his first career All - Star save .","sentences":["The game was mostly pitching - dominated through the first four innings .","After a two - out double by Jonathan Schoop , Miguel San\u00f3 finally got the AL on the board with his fifth inning RBI bloop single .","In the bottom of the sixth , Yadier Molina became the oldest catcher to hit a home run in an All - Star game , when he hit one off Ervin Santana in the sixth inning , tying the game at one .","Reggie Smith was the last Cardinal to hit an All - Star Game home run in the 1974 game .","Robinson Can\u00f3 hit the game - winning home run in the tenth inning off Wade Davis , and was named the All - Star Game Most Valuable Player .","He is the first second baseman since 1998 who was named All - Star Game MVP .","Andrew Miller struck out Cody Bellinger swinging to end the night and earned his first career All - Star save ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6545799929305659919","input":"what is the meaning of source for historians","passages":[{"title":"Historian","text":"In his main work Histoire de France , French historian Jules Michelet coined the term Renaissance ( meaning `` Re-birth '' in French language ) , as a period in Europe 's cultural history that represented a break from the Middle Ages , creating a modern understanding of humanity and its place in the world . The nineteen volume work covered French history from Charlemagne to the outbreak of the Revolution . Michelet was one of the first historians to shift the emphasis of history to the common people , rather than the leaders and institutions of the country . Another important French historian of the period was Hippolyte Taine . He was the chief theoretical influence of French naturalism , a major proponent of sociological positivism and one of the first practitioners of historicist criticism . Literary historicism as a critical movement has been said to originate with him .","sentences":["In his main work Histoire de France , French historian Jules Michelet coined the term Renaissance ( meaning `` Re-birth '' in French language ) , as a period in Europe 's cultural history that represented a break from the Middle Ages , creating a modern understanding of humanity and its place in the world .","The nineteen volume work covered French history from Charlemagne to the outbreak of the Revolution .","Michelet was one of the first historians to shift the emphasis of history to the common people , rather than the leaders and institutions of the country .","Another important French historian of the period was Hippolyte Taine .","He was the chief theoretical influence of French naturalism , a major proponent of sociological positivism and one of the first practitioners of historicist criticism .","Literary historicism as a critical movement has been said to originate with him ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5893024622172337039","input":"who maintained law and order throughout japan and negotiated peace","passages":[{"title":"Surrender of Japan","text":"Surrender ceremonies throughout the Pacific theater Hataz\u014d Adachi , the commander of the Japanese 18th Army in New Guinea , surrenders his sword to the commander of the Australian 6th Division , Horace Robertson . Kaida Tatsuichi , commander of the Japanese 4th Tank Regiment , and his chief of staff Shoji Minoru listen to the terms of surrender on HMAS Moresby at Timor . Chen Yi ( right ) accepting the receipt of Order No. 1 signed by Rikichi And\u014d ( left ) , the last Japanese Governor - General of Taiwan , in Taipei City Hall Masatane Kanda signs the instrument of surrender of Japanese forces on Bougainville Island , New Guinea . A Japanese officer surrenders his sword to a British Lieutenant in a ceremony in Saigon , French Indochina . A Japanese Navy officer signing the surrender of Penang aboard HMS Nelson on September 2 , 1945 . Penang was liberated by the Royal Marines on the following day under Operation Jurist . Masao Baba , Lieutenant General of the Japanese 37th Army signs the surrender document in Labuan , British Borneo , being watched by Australian Major General George Wootten and other Australian units . The official surrender ceremony of the Japanese to the Australian forces on board HMAS Kapunda at Kuching , Kingdom of Sarawak on September 11 , 1945 The Japanese Southern Armies surrender at Singapore on September 12 , 1945 . General Itagaki surrendered to the British represented by Lord Mountbatten at Municipal Hall , Singapore . The surrender ceremony of the Japanese to the Australian forces at Keningau , British North Borneo on September 17 , 1945 The surrender ceremony of the Japanese to the British forces with General Itagaki surrendering his sword to General Frank Messervy at Kuala Lumpur , British Malaya on February 22 , 1946","sentences":["Surrender ceremonies throughout the Pacific theater Hataz\u014d Adachi , the commander of the Japanese 18th Army in New Guinea , surrenders his sword to the commander of the Australian 6th Division , Horace Robertson .","Kaida Tatsuichi , commander of the Japanese 4th Tank Regiment , and his chief of staff Shoji Minoru listen to the terms of surrender on HMAS Moresby at Timor .","Chen Yi ( right ) accepting the receipt of Order No. 1 signed by Rikichi And\u014d ( left ) , the last Japanese Governor - General of Taiwan , in Taipei City Hall Masatane Kanda signs the instrument of surrender of Japanese forces on Bougainville Island , New Guinea .","A Japanese officer surrenders his sword to a British Lieutenant in a ceremony in Saigon , French Indochina .","A Japanese Navy officer signing the surrender of Penang aboard HMS Nelson on September 2 , 1945 .","Penang was liberated by the Royal Marines on the following day under Operation Jurist .","Masao Baba , Lieutenant General of the Japanese 37th Army signs the surrender document in Labuan , British Borneo , being watched by Australian Major General George Wootten and other Australian units .","The official surrender ceremony of the Japanese to the Australian forces on board HMAS Kapunda at Kuching , Kingdom of Sarawak on September 11 , 1945 The Japanese Southern Armies surrender at Singapore on September 12 , 1945 .","General Itagaki surrendered to the British represented by Lord Mountbatten at Municipal Hall , Singapore .","The surrender ceremony of the Japanese to the Australian forces at Keningau , British North Borneo on September 17 , 1945 The surrender ceremony of the Japanese to the British forces with General Itagaki surrendering his sword to General Frank Messervy at Kuala Lumpur , British Malaya on February 22 , 1946"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7408137877640584204","input":"the imp of the perverse edgar allan poe summary","passages":[{"title":"The Imp of the Perverse (short story)","text":"We stand upon the brink of a precipice . We peer into the abyss -- we grow sick and dizzy . Our first impulse is to shrink away from the danger . Unaccountably we remain ... it is but a thought , although a fearful one , and one which chills the very marrow of our bones with the fierceness of the delight of its horror . It is merely the idea of what would be our sensations during the sweeping precipitancy of a fall from such a height ... for this very cause do we now the most vividly desire it .","sentences":["We stand upon the brink of a precipice .","We peer into the abyss -- we grow sick and dizzy .","Our first impulse is to shrink away from the danger .","Unaccountably we remain ...","it is but a thought , although a fearful one , and one which chills the very marrow of our bones with the fierceness of the delight of its horror .","It is merely the idea of what would be our sensations during the sweeping precipitancy of a fall from such a height ... for this very cause do we now the most vividly desire it ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8631133002029707451","input":"what is the primary subsistence crop in latin america","passages":[{"title":"Subsistence agriculture","text":"In Intensive subsistence agriculture , the farmer cultivates a small plot of land using simple tools and more labour . Climate , with large number of days with sunshine and fertile soils permits growing of more than one crop annually on the same plot . Farmers use their small land holdings to produce enough , for their local consumption , while remaining produce is used for exchange against other goods . It results in much more food being produced per acre compared to other subsistence patterns . In the most intensive situation , farmers may even create terraces along steep hillsides to cultivate rice paddies . Such fields are found in densely populated parts of Asia , such as in The Philippines . They may also intensify by using manure , artificial irrigation and animal waste as fertilizer . Intensive subsistence farming is prevalent in the thickly populated areas of the monsoon regions of south , southwest , and east Asia .","sentences":["In Intensive subsistence agriculture , the farmer cultivates a small plot of land using simple tools and more labour .","Climate , with large number of days with sunshine and fertile soils permits growing of more than one crop annually on the same plot .","Farmers use their small land holdings to produce enough , for their local consumption , while remaining produce is used for exchange against other goods .","It results in much more food being produced per acre compared to other subsistence patterns .","In the most intensive situation , farmers may even create terraces along steep hillsides to cultivate rice paddies .","Such fields are found in densely populated parts of Asia , such as in The Philippines .","They may also intensify by using manure , artificial irrigation and animal waste as fertilizer .","Intensive subsistence farming is prevalent in the thickly populated areas of the monsoon regions of south , southwest , and east Asia ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2412340636680135427","input":"berlin - take my breathe away theme from top gun","passages":[{"title":"Take My Breath Away","text":"Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1986 -- 90 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada ( RPM ) Top Singles Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista ) 15 France ( SNEP ) Germany ( Official German Charts ) Ireland ( IRMA ) Italy ( FIMI ) 5 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) Norway ( VG - lista ) Spain ( AFYVE ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks US Cash Box Top 100 Chart ( 1988 -- 90 ) Peak position UK Singles Chart 52 Chart ( 1990 ) Peak position Irish Singles Chart 7 UK Singles Chart Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1986 -- 90 ) Rank Australia KMR 6 Canada RPM Top Singles 23 UK 5 US Billboard Hot 100 27 US Cash Box 21 Certifications ( edit ) Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Canada ( Music Canada ) Gold 50,000 France ( SNEP ) Gold 500,000 United Kingdom ( BPI ) Silver 200,000 United States ( RIAA ) Gold 500,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone","sentences":["Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1986 -- 90 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report )","Austria ( \u00d63 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) Canada ( RPM ) Top Singles Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista ) 15","France ( SNEP ) Germany ( Official German Charts ) Ireland ( IRMA )","Italy ( FIMI ) 5 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ )","Norway ( VG - lista )","Spain ( AFYVE )","Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan )","Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company )","US Billboard Hot 100 US Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks US Cash Box Top 100 Chart ( 1988 -- 90 ) Peak position UK Singles Chart 52 Chart ( 1990 )","Peak position Irish Singles Chart 7 UK Singles Chart Year - end charts ( edit )","Chart ( 1986 -- 90 ) Rank Australia KMR 6 Canada RPM Top Singles 23 UK 5 US Billboard Hot 100 27 US Cash Box 21 Certifications ( edit )","Region Certification Certified units \/ Sales Canada ( Music Canada )","Gold 50,000 France ( SNEP ) Gold 500,000 United Kingdom ( BPI ) Silver 200,000 United States ( RIAA )","Gold 500,000 sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6359774953821616838","input":"how hot are coals in a wood fire","passages":[{"title":"Ember","text":"An ember is usually formed when a fire has only partially burnt a piece of fuel , and there is still usable chemical energy in that piece of fuel . Often this happens because the usable chemical energy is so deep into the center that air ( specifically oxygen ) does not reach it , therefore not causing combustion ( carbon - based fuel + O \u2192 CO + H O + C + other chemicals involved ) . It continues to stay hot and does not lose its thermal energy quickly because combustion is still happening at a low level . The small yellow , orange and red lights often seen among the embers are actually combustion . There just is not enough combustion happening at one time to create a flame . Once the embers are completely ' burned through ' , they are not carbon as is commonly believed ( carbon burns , and is not normally left behind ) , but rather various other oxidized minerals like calcium and phosphorus . At that point they are normally called ashes . See : Wood ash for more on the residue that is left .","sentences":["An ember is usually formed when a fire has only partially burnt a piece of fuel , and there is still usable chemical energy in that piece of fuel .","Often this happens because the usable chemical energy is so deep into the center that air ( specifically oxygen ) does not reach it , therefore not causing combustion ( carbon - based fuel +","O \u2192 CO + H","O + C + other chemicals involved ) .","It continues to stay hot and does not lose its thermal energy quickly because combustion is still happening at a low level .","The small yellow , orange and red lights often seen among the embers are actually combustion .","There just is not enough combustion happening at one time to create a flame .","Once the embers are completely ' burned through ' , they are not carbon as is commonly believed ( carbon burns , and is not normally left behind ) , but rather various other oxidized minerals like calcium and phosphorus .","At that point they are normally called ashes .","See : Wood ash for more on the residue that is left ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8433433334530748151","input":"compare the composition and function of audit committee in nigeria and united states","passages":[{"title":"Audit committee","text":"Internationally , the audit committee is a committee of the board of directors responsible for oversight of the financial reporting process , selection of the independent auditor , and receipt of audit results both internal and external . The committee assists the board of directors fulfill its corporate governance and overseeing responsibilities in relation to an entity 's financial reporting , internal control system , risk management system and internal and external audit functions . Its role is to provide advice and recommendations to the board within the scope of its terms of reference \/ charter . Terms of reference and requirements for an audit committee vary by country , but may be influenced by economic and political unions capable of passing legislation . The European Union directives are applied across Europe through legislation at the country level . Although specific legal requirements may vary by country in Europe , the source of legislation on corporate governance issues is often found at the European Union level and within the non-mandatory corporate governance codes that cross national boundaries .","sentences":["Internationally , the audit committee is a committee of the board of directors responsible for oversight of the financial reporting process , selection of the independent auditor , and receipt of audit results both internal and external .","The committee assists the board of directors fulfill its corporate governance and overseeing responsibilities in relation to an entity 's financial reporting , internal control system , risk management system and internal and external audit functions .","Its role is to provide advice and recommendations to the board within the scope of its terms of reference \/ charter .","Terms of reference and requirements for an audit committee vary by country , but may be influenced by economic and political unions capable of passing legislation .","The European Union directives are applied across Europe through legislation at the country level .","Although specific legal requirements may vary by country in Europe , the source of legislation on corporate governance issues is often found at the European Union level and within the non-mandatory corporate governance codes that cross national boundaries ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"14656727671349935","input":"type of volcanic eruption is mostly observed in the philippines","passages":[{"title":"Types of volcanic eruptions","text":"Par\u00edcutin , Mexico , which erupted from a fissure in a cornfield in 1943 . Two years into its life , pyroclastic activity began to wane , and the outpouring of lava from its base became its primary mode of activity . Eruptions ceased in 1952 , and the final height was 424 m ( 1,391 ft ) . This was the first time that scientists are able to observe the complete life cycle of a volcano . Mount Etna , Italy , which has displayed Strombolian activity in recent eruptions , for example in 1981 , 1999 , 2002 -- 2003 , and 2009 . Mount Erebus in Antarctica , the southernmost active volcano in the world , having been observed erupting since 1972 . Eruptive activity at Erebus consists of frequent Strombolian activity . Stromboli itself . The namesake of the mild explosive activity that it possesses has been active throughout historical time ; essentially continuous Strombolian eruptions , occasionally accompanied by lava flows , have been recorded at Stromboli for more than a millennium .","sentences":["Par\u00edcutin , Mexico , which erupted from a fissure in a cornfield in 1943 .","Two years into its life , pyroclastic activity began to wane , and the outpouring of lava from its base became its primary mode of activity .","Eruptions ceased in 1952 , and the final height was 424 m ( 1,391 ft ) .","This was the first time that scientists are able to observe the complete life cycle of a volcano .","Mount Etna , Italy , which has displayed Strombolian activity in recent eruptions , for example in 1981 , 1999 , 2002 -- 2003 , and 2009 .","Mount Erebus in Antarctica , the southernmost active volcano in the world , having been observed erupting since 1972 .","Eruptive activity at Erebus consists of frequent Strombolian activity .","Stromboli itself .","The namesake of the mild explosive activity that it possesses has been active throughout historical time ; essentially continuous Strombolian eruptions , occasionally accompanied by lava flows , have been recorded at Stromboli for more than a millennium ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7338573925309076450","input":"who benefited from the industrial revolution in britain","passages":[{"title":"Industrial Revolution","text":"During the Industrial Revolution an intellectual and artistic hostility towards the new industrialisation developed , associated with the Romantic movement . Romanticism revered the traditionalism of rural life and recoiled against the upheavals caused by industrialization , urbanization and the wretchedness of the working classes . Its major exponents in English included the artist and poet William Blake and poets William Wordsworth , Samuel Taylor Coleridge , John Keats , Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley . The movement stressed the importance of `` nature '' in art and language , in contrast to `` monstrous '' machines and factories ; the `` Dark satanic mills '' of Blake 's poem `` And did those feet in ancient time '' . Mary Shelley 's novel Frankenstein reflected concerns that scientific progress might be two - edged . French Romanticism likewise was highly critical of industry .","sentences":["During the Industrial Revolution an intellectual and artistic hostility towards the new industrialisation developed , associated with the Romantic movement .","Romanticism revered the traditionalism of rural life and recoiled against the upheavals caused by industrialization , urbanization and the wretchedness of the working classes .","Its major exponents in English included the artist and poet William Blake and poets William Wordsworth , Samuel Taylor Coleridge , John Keats , Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley .","The movement stressed the importance of `` nature '' in art and language , in contrast to `` monstrous '' machines and factories ; the `` Dark satanic mills '' of Blake 's poem `` And did those feet in ancient time '' .","Mary Shelley 's novel Frankenstein reflected concerns that scientific progress might be two - edged .","French Romanticism likewise was highly critical of industry ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5176730011986833441","input":"who gained fame for her actions during the american civil war","passages":[{"title":"Ida B. Wells","text":"Wells took two tours to Europe in her campaign for justice , the first in 1893 and the second in 1894 . In 1893 , Wells went to Great Britain at the invitation of Catherine Impey , a British Quaker . An opponent of imperialism and proponent of racial equality , Impey wanted to ensure that the British public learned about the problem of lynching in the US . Wells toured England , Scotland and Wales for two months , addressing audiences of thousands , and rallying a moral crusade among the British . She accompanied her speeches with a photograph of a white mob and grinning white children posing near a hanged black man ; her talks created a sensation , but some in the audiences remained doubtful of her accounts . Wells intended to raise money and expose the US lynching violence , but received so little funds that she had difficulty covering her travel expenses .","sentences":["Wells took two tours to Europe in her campaign for justice , the first in 1893 and the second in 1894 .","In 1893 , Wells went to Great Britain at the invitation of Catherine Impey , a British Quaker .","An opponent of imperialism and proponent of racial equality , Impey wanted to ensure that the British public learned about the problem of lynching in the US .","Wells toured England , Scotland and Wales for two months , addressing audiences of thousands , and rallying a moral crusade among the British .","She accompanied her speeches with a photograph of a white mob and grinning white children posing near a hanged black man ; her talks created a sensation , but some in the audiences remained doubtful of her accounts .","Wells intended to raise money and expose the US lynching violence , but received so little funds that she had difficulty covering her travel expenses ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6280552710058644262","input":"what is the largest biome in south africa","passages":[{"title":"Vredefort crater","text":"The impact distorted the Witwatersrand Basin which was laid down over a period of 250 million years between 950 and 700 million years before the Vredefort impact . The overlying Ventersdorp lavas and the Transvaal Supergroup which were laid down between 700 and 80 million years before the meteorite strike , were similarly distorted by the formation of the 300 km wide crater . These rocks form partial concentric rings round the crater center today , with the oldest , the Witwatersrand rocks , forming a semicircle 25 km from the center . Since the Witwatersrand rocks consist of several layers of very hard , erosion resistant sediments ( e.g. quartzites and banded ironstones ) , they form the prominent arc of hills that can be seen to the NW of the crater center in the satellite picture above . The Witwatersrand rocks are followed , in succession , by the Ventersdorp lavas at a distance of about 35 km from the center , and the Transvaal Supergroup , consisting of a narrow band of the Ghaap Dolomite rocks and the Pretoria Subgroup of rocks , which together form a 25 -- 30 km wide band beyond that . From about halfway through the Pretoria Subgroup of rocks around the crater center , the order of the rocks is reversed . Moving outwards towards where the crater rim used to be , the Ghaap Dolomite group resurfaces at 60 km from the center , followed by an arc of Ventersdorp lavas , beyond which , at between 80 and 120 km from the center , the Witwatersrand rocks re-emerge to form an interrupted arc of outcrops today , of which the Johannesburg group is the most famous , because it was here that gold was discovered in 1886 . It is thus possible that if it had not been for the Vredefort impact this gold would never have been discovered .","sentences":["The impact distorted the Witwatersrand Basin which was laid down over a period of 250 million years between 950 and 700 million years before the Vredefort impact .","The overlying Ventersdorp lavas and the Transvaal Supergroup which were laid down between 700 and 80 million years before the meteorite strike , were similarly distorted by the formation of the 300 km wide crater .","These rocks form partial concentric rings round the crater center today , with the oldest , the Witwatersrand rocks , forming a semicircle 25 km from the center .","Since the Witwatersrand rocks consist of several layers of very hard , erosion resistant sediments ( e.g. quartzites and banded ironstones ) , they form the prominent arc of hills that can be seen to the NW of the crater center in the satellite picture above .","The Witwatersrand rocks are followed , in succession , by the Ventersdorp lavas at a distance of about 35 km from the center , and the Transvaal Supergroup , consisting of a narrow band of the Ghaap Dolomite rocks and the Pretoria Subgroup of rocks , which together form a 25 -- 30 km wide band beyond that .","From about halfway through the Pretoria Subgroup of rocks around the crater center , the order of the rocks is reversed .","Moving outwards towards where the crater rim used to be , the Ghaap Dolomite group resurfaces at 60 km from the center , followed by an arc of Ventersdorp lavas , beyond which , at between 80 and 120 km from the center , the Witwatersrand rocks re-emerge to form an interrupted arc of outcrops today , of which the Johannesburg group is the most famous , because it was here that gold was discovered in 1886 .","It is thus possible that if it had not been for the Vredefort impact this gold would never have been discovered ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7244296713880097589","input":"name the viceroy at the time of quit india movement","passages":[{"title":"Quit India Movement","text":"One of the important achievements of the movement was keeping the Congress party united through all the trials and tribulations that followed . The British , already alarmed by the advance of the Japanese army to the India - Burma border , responded by imprisoning Gandhi . All the members of the Party 's Working Committee ( national leadership ) were imprisoned as well . Due to the arrest of major leaders , a young and until then relatively unknown Aruna Asaf Ali presided over the AICC session on 9 August and hoisted the flag ; later the Congress party was banned . These actions only created sympathy for the cause among the population . Despite lack of direct leadership , large protests and demonstrations were held all over the country . Workers remained absent en masse and strikes were called . Not all demonstrations were peaceful , at some places bombs exploded , government buildings were set on fire , electricity was cut and transport and communication lines were severed . Play","sentences":["One of the important achievements of the movement was keeping the Congress party united through all the trials and tribulations that followed .","The British , already alarmed by the advance of the Japanese army to the India - Burma border , responded by imprisoning Gandhi .","All the members of the Party 's Working Committee ( national leadership ) were imprisoned as well .","Due to the arrest of major leaders , a young and until then relatively unknown Aruna Asaf Ali presided over the AICC session on 9 August and hoisted the flag ; later the Congress party was banned .","These actions only created sympathy for the cause among the population .","Despite lack of direct leadership , large protests and demonstrations were held all over the country .","Workers remained absent en masse and strikes were called .","Not all demonstrations were peaceful , at some places bombs exploded , government buildings were set on fire , electricity was cut and transport and communication lines were severed .","Play"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1408713877552645387","input":"when does the next marvel's runaways come out","passages":[{"title":"Runaways (TV series)","text":"Danielle Campbell as Eiffel : A girl who attends Atlas Academy and looks down on Karolina . Pat Lentz as Aura : A member of the Church of Gibborim who works for the Deans . Heather Olt as Frances : A member of the Church of Gibborim who works for the Deans . DeVaughn Nixon as Darius Davis : An old associate of Geoffrey 's who holds a grudge against him . Cody Mayo as Vaughn : Leslie Dean 's assistant at the Church of Gibborim . Julian McMahon as Jonah : The leader of Pride and Karolina 's biological father . McMahon described Jonah as `` the wealthy guy who 's pretty ego - driven and mission - driven ... who 's trying to accomplish certain things and if something were to get in his way he 'd plow through it '' , which he felt was similar to Victor von Doom , who he portrayed in Fantastic Four and its sequel . He also revealed that he did not appear in the earlier episodes as the character in his near - death state , as he had been cast after the first four episodes had been completed . Ric Sarabia portrayed the character in this state , which McMahon stated took five hours of make up application to achieve .","sentences":["Danielle Campbell as Eiffel : A girl who attends Atlas Academy and looks down on Karolina .","Pat Lentz as Aura :","A member of the Church of Gibborim who works for the Deans .","Heather Olt as Frances : A member of the Church of Gibborim who works for the Deans .","DeVaughn Nixon as Darius Davis : An old associate of Geoffrey 's who holds a grudge against him .","Cody Mayo as Vaughn : Leslie Dean 's assistant at the Church of Gibborim .","Julian McMahon as Jonah :","The leader of Pride and Karolina 's biological father .","McMahon described Jonah as `` the wealthy guy who 's pretty ego - driven and mission - driven ... who 's trying to accomplish certain things and if something were to get in his way he 'd plow through it '' , which he felt was similar to Victor von Doom , who he portrayed in Fantastic Four and its sequel .","He also revealed that he did not appear in the earlier episodes as the character in his near - death state , as he had been cast after the first four episodes had been completed .","Ric Sarabia portrayed the character in this state , which McMahon stated took five hours of make up application to achieve ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-228339669644539959","input":"events leading up to the battle of tippecanoe","passages":[{"title":"Battle of Tippecanoe","text":"Not yet ready to confront the United States directly , Tecumseh found that he was opposed by those Native American leaders who had signed the treaty . He threatened to kill anyone and their followers who carried out the terms of the treaty . Tecumseh began to travel widely , urging warriors to abandon the accommodationist chiefs and to join his resistance at Prophetstown . Tecumseh insisted that the Fort Wayne treaty was illegitimate . In an 1810 meeting with Governor Harrison , he demanded that Harrison nullify the treaty and warned that settlers should not attempt to settle the lands sold in the treaty . Harrison rejected his demands and insisted that the tribes could have individual relations with the United States .","sentences":["Not yet ready to confront the United States directly , Tecumseh found that he was opposed by those Native American leaders who had signed the treaty .","He threatened to kill anyone and their followers who carried out the terms of the treaty .","Tecumseh began to travel widely , urging warriors to abandon the accommodationist chiefs and to join his resistance at Prophetstown .","Tecumseh insisted that the Fort Wayne treaty was illegitimate .","In an 1810 meeting with Governor Harrison , he demanded that Harrison nullify the treaty and warned that settlers should not attempt to settle the lands sold in the treaty .","Harrison rejected his demands and insisted that the tribes could have individual relations with the United States ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1906228607693678047","input":"what does the song gimme shelter mean","passages":[{"title":"Gimme Shelter","text":"Well , it 's a very rough , very violent era . The Vietnam War . Violence on the screens , pillage and burning . And Vietnam was not war as we knew it in the conventional sense . The thing about Vietnam was that it was n't like World War II , and it was n't like Korea , and it was n't like the Gulf War . It was a real nasty war , and people did n't like it . People objected , and people did n't want to fight it ... That 's a kind of end - of - the - world song , really . It 's apocalypse ; the whole record 's like that .","sentences":["Well , it 's a very rough , very violent era .","The Vietnam War .","Violence on the screens , pillage and burning .","And Vietnam was not war as we knew it in the conventional sense .","The thing about Vietnam was that it was n't like World War II , and it was n't like Korea , and it was n't like the Gulf War .","It was a real nasty war , and people did n't like it .","People objected , and people did n't want to fight it ...","That 's a kind of end - of - the - world song , really .","It 's apocalypse ; the whole record 's like that ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6435674328746883551","input":"who played charlotte lucas in pride and prejudice","passages":[{"title":"Charlotte Lucas","text":"This biographical article needs additional citations for verification , as it includes attribution to IMDb . IMDb may not be a reliable source for biographical information . Please help by adding additional , reliable sources for verification . Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately , especially if potentially libelous or harmful . ( January 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["This biographical article needs additional citations for verification , as it includes attribution to IMDb .","IMDb may not be a reliable source for biographical information .","Please help by adding additional , reliable sources for verification .","Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately , especially if potentially libelous or harmful .","( January 2012 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5528122235275244273","input":"how many episodes of er was george clooney in","passages":[{"title":"Doug Ross","text":"Warner Bros. Television , the studio which produces ER for NBC , kept secret from NBC Dr. Ross ' cameo in `` Such Sweet Sorrow '' , which promoted the episode as Carol Hathaway 's goodbye , with no mention of Ross ' appearance . The original version of `` Such Sweet Sorrow '' that Warner Bros. sent to NBC ended after the scene where we see Hathaway on the plane to Seattle . At the eleventh hour , Warner Bros. messengered an `` edited '' version of the episode to NBC headquarters in New York for broadcast . NBC was miffed that it was kept in the dark as it could have generated valuable ad revenue if it had aired promos that the episode marked the return of George Clooney . Clooney cited the fans of the show for his reason for making the cameo ( he wanted Hathaway 's and Ross 's characters to get back together , which many fans hoped for ) . Clooney reportedly only asked to be paid scale for the cameo .","sentences":["Warner Bros. Television , the studio which produces ER for NBC , kept secret from NBC Dr. Ross ' cameo in `` Such Sweet Sorrow '' , which promoted the episode as Carol Hathaway 's goodbye , with no mention of Ross ' appearance .","The original version of `` Such Sweet Sorrow '' that Warner Bros. sent to NBC ended after the scene where we see Hathaway on the plane to Seattle .","At the eleventh hour , Warner Bros. messengered an `` edited '' version of the episode to NBC headquarters in New York for broadcast .","NBC was miffed that it was kept in the dark as it could have generated valuable ad revenue if it had aired promos that the episode marked the return of George Clooney .","Clooney cited the fans of the show for his reason for making the cameo ( he wanted Hathaway 's and Ross 's characters to get back together , which many fans hoped for ) .","Clooney reportedly only asked to be paid scale for the cameo ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5939086270942596066","input":"who sings let my love open the door","passages":[{"title":"Let My Love Open the Door","text":"`` Let My Love Open the Door '' Single by Pete Townshend from the album Empty Glass B - side `` Greyhound Girl '' Released June 4 , 1980 ( US ) Format 7 '' Recorded March 1980 Genre Art rock , new wave Length 2 : 44 Label Atco Records Songwriter ( s ) Pete Townshend Producer ( s ) Pete Townshend , Chris Thomas Pete Townshend UK singles chronology `` Rough Boys '' ( 1980 ) `` Let My Love Open the Door '' ( 1980 ) `` Keep on Working '' ( 1980 ) `` Rough Boys '' ( 1980 ) `` Let My Love Open the Door '' ( 1980 ) `` Keep on Working '' ( 1980 ) Pete Townshend US singles chronology `` Keep Me Turning '' ( 1977 ) ( with Ronnie Lane ) Keep Me Turning1977 `` Let My Love Open the Door '' ( 1980 ) Let My Love Open the Door1980 `` A Little Is Enough '' ( 1980 ) A Little Is Enough 1980","sentences":["`` Let My Love Open the Door ''","Single by Pete Townshend from the album Empty Glass B - side `` Greyhound Girl '' Released June 4 , 1980 ( US ) Format 7 '' Recorded March 1980 Genre Art rock , new wave Length 2 : 44 Label Atco Records Songwriter ( s ) Pete Townshend Producer ( s ) Pete Townshend , Chris Thomas Pete Townshend UK singles chronology `` Rough Boys '' ( 1980 ) `` Let My Love Open the Door '' ( 1980 ) `` Keep on Working '' ( 1980 ) `` Rough Boys '' ( 1980 ) `` Let My Love Open the Door '' ( 1980 ) `` Keep on Working '' ( 1980 )","Pete Townshend US singles chronology `` Keep Me Turning '' ( 1977 )","( with Ronnie Lane )","Keep Me","Turning1977 `` Let My Love Open the Door '' ( 1980 ) Let My Love Open the Door1980 `` A Little Is Enough '' ( 1980 )","A Little Is Enough 1980"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9095346393860297410","input":"who contributed more to the design of skyscrapers","passages":[{"title":"Early skyscrapers","text":"The emergence of skyscrapers was made possible by technological improvements during the middle of the 19th century . One of these developments was the iron framed building . Masonry buildings supported their internal floors through their walls , but the taller the building , the thicker the walls had to become , particularly at the base . In the 1860s , French engineers experimented with using built - up plate girders made of wrought iron to construct buildings supported by internal metal frames . These frames were stronger than traditional masonry and permitted much thinner walls . The methodology was extensively described in engineering journals and was initially used to build warehouses .","sentences":["The emergence of skyscrapers was made possible by technological improvements during the middle of the 19th century .","One of these developments was the iron framed building .","Masonry buildings supported their internal floors through their walls , but the taller the building , the thicker the walls had to become , particularly at the base .","In the 1860s , French engineers experimented with using built - up plate girders made of wrought iron to construct buildings supported by internal metal frames .","These frames were stronger than traditional masonry and permitted much thinner walls .","The methodology was extensively described in engineering journals and was initially used to build warehouses ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3029166828584616847","input":"who framed and suggested the plan of balkan to transfer power from england to india","passages":[{"title":"1946 Cabinet Mission to India","text":"The Mission held talks with the representatives of the Indian National Congress and the All - India Muslim League , the two largest political parties in the Constituent Assembly of India . The two parties planned to determine a power - sharing arrangement between Hindus and Muslims to prevent a communal dispute . The Congress , under Gandhi and Nehru , wanted to obtain a strong central government , with more powers than state governments . The All India Muslim League , under Jinnah , initially wanted to keep India united but with political safeguards provided to Muslims like parity in the legislatures because of the wide belief of Muslims that the British Raj was simply going to be turned into a Hindu Raj once the British departed , and since the Muslim League regarded itself as the sole spokesman party of Indian Muslims , it was incumbent upon it to take the matter up with the Crown . However , in the 1940 Lahore session of the Muslim League , Jinnah endorsed partition via the two nation theory of a West and East Pakistan , painting recent developments ( 1937 provincial election , refusal of Congress to recognise the League as the sole mouthpiece of Muslims in India , etc . ) as a sign of assured enmity from Hindus , culminating in the Lahore Resolution , also known as the Pakistan Resolution . After initial dialogue , the Mission proposed its plan over the composition of the new government on 16 May 1946 . In its proposals , the creation of a separate Muslim Pakistan was rejected .","sentences":["The Mission held talks with the representatives of the Indian National Congress and the All - India Muslim League , the two largest political parties in the Constituent Assembly of India .","The two parties planned to determine a power - sharing arrangement between Hindus and Muslims to prevent a communal dispute .","The Congress , under Gandhi and Nehru , wanted to obtain a strong central government , with more powers than state governments .","The All India Muslim League , under Jinnah , initially wanted to keep India united but with political safeguards provided to Muslims like parity in the legislatures because of the wide belief of Muslims that the British Raj was simply going to be turned into a Hindu Raj once the British departed , and since the Muslim League regarded itself as the sole spokesman party of Indian Muslims , it was incumbent upon it to take the matter up with the Crown .","However , in the 1940 Lahore session of the Muslim League , Jinnah endorsed partition via the two nation theory of a West and East Pakistan , painting recent developments ( 1937 provincial election , refusal of Congress to recognise the League as the sole mouthpiece of Muslims in India , etc . )","as a sign of assured enmity from Hindus , culminating in the Lahore Resolution , also known as the Pakistan Resolution .","After initial dialogue , the Mission proposed its plan over the composition of the new government on 16 May 1946 .","In its proposals , the creation of a separate Muslim Pakistan was rejected ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4872162544015925093","input":"who was the coach of the cleveland browns when they moved to baltimore","passages":[{"title":"List of Cleveland Browns head coaches","text":"There have been 15 non-interim head coaches for the Browns franchise . Their first head coach was Paul Brown , who coached for 17 complete seasons . Brown is also the franchise 's all - time leader for the most regular season games coached ( 214 ) , the most regular season game wins ( 158 ) , the most playoffs games coached ( 14 ) , and the most playoff game wins ( 9 ) . Brown is the only Browns head coach to win an AAFC championship with four , the NFL championship with three , the Sporting News NFL Coach of the Year three times , the United Press International ( UPI ) NFL Coach of the Year once , and to have been elected into the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a coach . Blanton Collier , Dick Modzelewski , Sam Rutigliano , Bud Carson , Jim Shofner , Chris Palmer , Butch Davis , Pat Shurmur , and Rob Chudzinski have spent their entire NFL head coaching careers with the Browns . Eric Mangini had been the head coach of the Browns since the firing of Romeo Crennel , but was himself fired on January 3 , 2011 . Shurmur replaced Mangini as head coach , but was fired after posting a 9 -- 23 record over two seasons in charge . On January 11 , 2013 , the Cleveland Browns officially named Rob Chudzinski as the replacement for Pat Shurmur . Chudzinski compiled a 4 -- 12 record during the 2013 season , but he was fired on December 29 . On January 23 , 2014 , the Browns hired Mike Pettine as their head coach . Pettine was fired on January 3 , 2016 , hours after the Browns lost their 2015 season finale . On January 13 , 2016 , Hue Jackson was named the Browns ' new head coach .","sentences":["There have been 15 non-interim head coaches for the Browns franchise .","Their first head coach was Paul Brown , who coached for 17 complete seasons .","Brown is also the franchise 's all - time leader for the most regular season games coached ( 214 ) , the most regular season game wins ( 158 ) , the most playoffs games coached ( 14 ) , and the most playoff game wins ( 9 ) .","Brown is the only Browns head coach to win an AAFC championship with four , the NFL championship with three , the Sporting News NFL Coach of the Year three times , the United Press International ( UPI )","NFL Coach of the Year once , and to have been elected into the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a coach .","Blanton Collier , Dick Modzelewski , Sam Rutigliano , Bud Carson , Jim Shofner , Chris Palmer , Butch Davis , Pat Shurmur , and Rob Chudzinski have spent their entire NFL head coaching careers with the Browns .","Eric Mangini had been the head coach of the Browns since the firing of Romeo Crennel , but was himself fired on January 3 , 2011 .","Shurmur replaced Mangini as head coach , but was fired after posting a 9 -- 23 record over two seasons in charge .","On January 11 , 2013 , the Cleveland Browns officially named Rob Chudzinski as the replacement for Pat Shurmur .","Chudzinski compiled a 4 -- 12 record during the 2013 season , but he was fired on December 29 .","On January 23 , 2014 , the Browns hired Mike Pettine as their head coach .","Pettine was fired on January 3 , 2016 , hours after the Browns lost their 2015 season finale .","On January 13 , 2016 , Hue Jackson was named the Browns ' new head coach ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6470961023075739061","input":"how many games have the eagles lost this season","passages":[{"title":"Philadelphia Eagles","text":"Philadelphia Eagles roster view talk Quarterbacks 9 Nick Foles 11 Carson Wentz Running backs 38 Kenjon Barner 29 LeGarrette Blount 30 Corey Clement 28 Wendell Smallwood Wide receivers 13 Nelson Agholor 18 Shelton Gibson 10 Mack Hollins 17 Alshon Jeffery 14 Marcus Johnson 82 Torrey Smith Tight ends 88 Trey Burton 87 Brent Celek 86 Zach Ertz Offensive linemen 79 Brandon Brooks G 77 Taylor Hart T 65 Lane Johnson T 62 Jason Kelce C 73 Isaac Seumalo G 72 Halapoulivaati Vaitai T 67 Chance Warmack G 61 Stefen Wisniewski G Defensive linemen 94 Beau Allen DT 96 Derek Barnett DE 91 Fletcher Cox DT 75 Vinny Curry DE 55 Brandon Graham DE 90 Justin Hamilton DT 93 Timmy Jernigan DT 56 Chris Long DE 51 Steven Means DE 98 Elijah Qualls DT 97 Destiny Vaeao DT Linebackers 53 Nigel Bradham OLB 47 Nathan Gerry OLB 52 Najee Goode OLB 54 Kamu Grugier - Hill OLB 58 Jordan Hicks MLB 95 Mychal Kendricks OLB 59 Joe Walker MLB Defensive backs 41 Ronald Darby CB 32 Rasul Douglas CB 24 Corey Graham FS 27 Malcolm Jenkins SS 33 Dexter McDougle CB 23 Rodney McLeod FS 31 Jalen Mills CB 21 Patrick Robinson CB 26 Jaylen Watkins SS Special teams 4 Jake Elliott K 45 Rick Lovato LS 8 Donnie Jones P Reserve lists -- Randall Goforth CB ( IR ) 22 Sidney Jones CB ( NF - Inj . ) 42 Chris Maragos FS ( IR ) 71 Jason Peters T ( IR ) 34 Donnel Pumphrey RB ( IR ) -- Aziz Shittu DT ( IR ) 43 Darren Sproles RB ( IR ) 6 Caleb Sturgis K ( IR ) -- Dom Williams WR ( IR ) Practice squad 68 Josh Andrews G 36 De'Vante Bausby CB 85 Billy Brown TE 48 Don Cherry LB 4 Rashard Davis WR 69 Dillon Gordon OT 35 D.J. Killings CB 39 Byron Marshall RB 7 Nate Sudfeld QB 89 Greg Ward Jr . WR Rookies in italics Roster updated October 25 , 2017 Depth chart Transactions 53 Active , 8 Inactive , 10 Practice squad \u2192 AFC rosters \u2192 NFC rosters AFC East BUF MIA NE NYJ North BAL CIN CLE PIT South HOU IND JAX TEN West DEN KC LAC OAK NFC East DAL NYG PHI WAS North CHI DET GB MIN South ATL CAR NO TB West ARI LAR SF SEA","sentences":["Philadelphia Eagles roster view talk Quarterbacks 9","Nick Foles 11 Carson Wentz Running backs 38 Kenjon Barner 29 LeGarrette Blount 30 Corey Clement 28","Wendell Smallwood Wide receivers 13 Nelson Agholor 18 Shelton Gibson 10 Mack Hollins 17 Alshon Jeffery 14 Marcus Johnson 82","Torrey Smith Tight ends 88 Trey Burton 87 Brent Celek 86 Zach Ertz Offensive linemen 79 Brandon Brooks G 77 Taylor Hart T 65 Lane Johnson T 62 Jason Kelce C","73 Isaac Seumalo G 72 Halapoulivaati Vaitai T 67 Chance Warmack G 61 Stefen Wisniewski G Defensive linemen 94 Beau Allen DT 96 Derek Barnett DE 91 Fletcher Cox DT 75 Vinny Curry DE 55 Brandon Graham DE 90","Justin Hamilton DT 93 Timmy Jernigan DT 56 Chris Long DE 51 Steven Means DE 98 Elijah Qualls DT 97","Destiny Vaeao DT Linebackers 53 Nigel Bradham OLB 47 Nathan Gerry OLB 52 Najee Goode OLB 54 Kamu Grugier - Hill OLB 58 Jordan Hicks MLB 95 Mychal Kendricks OLB 59 Joe Walker MLB Defensive backs 41 Ronald Darby CB 32 Rasul Douglas CB","24 Corey Graham FS 27 Malcolm Jenkins SS 33 Dexter McDougle CB 23 Rodney McLeod FS 31 Jalen Mills CB 21 Patrick Robinson CB 26 Jaylen Watkins SS Special teams 4 Jake Elliott K 45 Rick Lovato LS 8 Donnie Jones P Reserve lists -- Randall Goforth CB ( IR )","22","Sidney Jones CB ( NF - Inj . )","42 Chris Maragos FS ( IR ) 71","Jason Peters T ( IR ) 34 Donnel Pumphrey RB ( IR ) -- Aziz Shittu DT ( IR ) 43","Darren Sproles RB ( IR ) 6","Caleb Sturgis K ( IR ) -- Dom Williams WR ( IR ) Practice squad 68 Josh Andrews G","36 De'Vante Bausby CB 85 Billy Brown TE 48","Don Cherry LB 4 Rashard Davis WR 69 Dillon Gordon OT 35 D.J. Killings CB 39 Byron Marshall RB 7 Nate Sudfeld QB 89","Greg Ward Jr .","WR Rookies in italics Roster updated October 25 , 2017 Depth chart Transactions 53 Active , 8 Inactive , 10 Practice squad \u2192 AFC rosters \u2192 NFC rosters AFC East BUF MIA NE NYJ North BAL CIN CLE PIT South HOU IND JAX TEN West DEN KC LAC OAK","NFC East DAL NYG PHI WAS North CHI DET GB MIN South ATL CAR","NO TB West ARI LAR SF SEA"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8748573655694422857","input":"when was laser eye surgery invented and for what purpose","passages":[{"title":"LASIK","text":"`` plain '' LASIK : LASEK , Epi - LASIK , Sub-Bowman's keratomileusis ( thin flap LASIK ) , Wavefront - guided PRK , advanced intraocular lenses . Femtosecond laser intrastromal vision correction : using all - femtosecond correction , for example , Femtosecond Lenticule EXtraction , FLIVC , or IntraCOR ) , Keraflex : a thermobiochemical solution which has received the CE Mark for refractive correction . and is in European clinical trials for the correction of myopia and keratoconus . Technolas FEMTEC laser : for incisionless IntraCOR ablation for presbyopia , with trials ongoing for myopia and other conditions . LASIK with the IntraLase femtosecond laser : early trials comparing to the `` LASIK with microkeratomes for the correction of myopia suggest no significant differences in safety or efficacy . However , the femtosecond laser has a potential advantage in predictability , although this finding was not significant '' .","sentences":["`` plain '' LASIK : LASEK , Epi - LASIK , Sub-Bowman's keratomileusis ( thin flap LASIK ) , Wavefront - guided PRK , advanced intraocular lenses .","Femtosecond laser intrastromal vision correction : using all - femtosecond correction , for example , Femtosecond Lenticule EXtraction , FLIVC , or IntraCOR ) , Keraflex : a thermobiochemical solution which has received the CE Mark for refractive correction .","and is in European clinical trials for the correction of myopia and keratoconus .","Technolas FEMTEC laser : for incisionless IntraCOR ablation for presbyopia , with trials ongoing for myopia and other conditions .","LASIK with the IntraLase femtosecond laser : early trials comparing to the `` LASIK with microkeratomes for the correction of myopia suggest no significant differences in safety or efficacy .","However , the femtosecond laser has a potential advantage in predictability , although this finding was not significant '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2644553508114104144","input":"who is considered the 'father' of the minicomputer","passages":[{"title":"Minicomputer","text":"A minicomputer , or colloquially mini , is a class of smaller computers that was developed in the mid-1960s and sold for much less than mainframe and mid-size computers from IBM and its direct competitors . In a 1970 survey , the New York Times suggested a consensus definition of a minicomputer as a machine costing less than US $25,000 , with an input - output device such as a teleprinter and at least four thousand words of memory , that is capable of running programs in a higher level language , such as Fortran or BASIC . The class formed a distinct group with its own software architectures and operating systems . Minis were designed for control , instrumentation , human interaction , and communication switching as distinct from calculation and record keeping . Many were sold indirectly to original equipment manufacturers ( OEMs ) for final end use application . During the two decade lifetime of the minicomputer class ( 1965 -- 1985 ) , almost 100 companies formed and only a half dozen remained .","sentences":["A minicomputer , or colloquially mini , is a class of smaller computers that was developed in the mid-1960s and sold for much less than mainframe and mid-size computers from IBM and its direct competitors .","In a 1970 survey , the New York Times suggested a consensus definition of a minicomputer as a machine costing less than US $25,000 , with an input - output device such as a teleprinter and at least four thousand words of memory , that is capable of running programs in a higher level language , such as Fortran or BASIC .","The class formed a distinct group with its own software architectures and operating systems .","Minis were designed for control , instrumentation , human interaction , and communication switching as distinct from calculation and record keeping .","Many were sold indirectly to original equipment manufacturers ( OEMs ) for final end use application .","During the two decade lifetime of the minicomputer class ( 1965 -- 1985 ) , almost 100 companies formed and only a half dozen remained ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4934552979474998134","input":"what does shubin call the regulatory gene that controls the body segments","passages":[{"title":"Evolutionary developmental biology","text":"Using such a technique , in 1994 Walter Gehring found that the pax - 6 gene , vital for forming the eyes of fruit flies , exactly matches an eye - forming gene in mice and humans . The same gene was quickly found in many other groups of animals , such as squid , a cephalopod mollusc . Biologists including Ernst Mayr had believed that eyes had arisen in the animal kingdom at least 40 times , as the anatomy of different types of eye varies widely . For example , the fruit fly 's compound eye is made of hundreds of small lensed structures ( ommatidia ) ; the human eye has a blind spot where the optic nerve enters the eye , and the nerve fibres run over the surface of the retina , so light has to pass through a layer of nerve fibres before reaching the detector cells in the retina , so the structure is effectively `` upside - down '' ; in contrast , the cephalopod eye has the retina , then a layer of nerve fibres , then the wall of the eye `` the right way around '' . The evidence of pax - 6 , however , was that the same genes controlled the development of the eyes of all these animals , suggesting that they all evolved from a common ancestor . Ancient genes had been conserved through millions of years of evolution to create dissimilar structures for similar functions , demonstrating deep homology between structures once thought to be purely analogous . This has caused a radical revision of the meaning of homology in evolutionary biology .","sentences":["Using such a technique , in 1994 Walter Gehring found that the pax - 6 gene , vital for forming the eyes of fruit flies , exactly matches an eye - forming gene in mice and humans .","The same gene was quickly found in many other groups of animals , such as squid , a cephalopod mollusc .","Biologists including Ernst Mayr had believed that eyes had arisen in the animal kingdom at least 40 times , as the anatomy of different types of eye varies widely .","For example , the fruit fly 's compound eye is made of hundreds of small lensed structures ( ommatidia ) ; the human eye has a blind spot where the optic nerve enters the eye , and the nerve fibres run over the surface of the retina , so light has to pass through a layer of nerve fibres before reaching the detector cells in the retina , so the structure is effectively `` upside - down '' ; in contrast , the cephalopod eye has the retina , then a layer of nerve fibres , then the wall of the eye `` the right way around '' .","The evidence of pax - 6 , however , was that the same genes controlled the development of the eyes of all these animals , suggesting that they all evolved from a common ancestor .","Ancient genes had been conserved through millions of years of evolution to create dissimilar structures for similar functions , demonstrating deep homology between structures once thought to be purely analogous .","This has caused a radical revision of the meaning of homology in evolutionary biology ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2408568603061713792","input":"the 1848 discovery of gold in the sacramento valley led to all of the following except","passages":[{"title":"California Gold Rush","text":"California Gold Rush Prospectors working California gold placer deposits in 1850 Date January 24 , 1848 ( 1848 - 01 - 24 ) -- 1855 Location Sierra Nevada and Northern California goldfields Coordinates 38 \u00b0 48 \u2032 09 '' N 120 \u00b0 53 \u2032 41 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.80250 \u00b0 N 120.89472 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.80250 ; - 120.89472 Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 48 \u2032 09 '' N 120 \u00b0 53 \u2032 41 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.80250 \u00b0 N 120.89472 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 38.80250 ; - 120.89472 Participants 300,000 prospectors Outcome California becomes a U.S. state California Genocide Advertisement","sentences":["California Gold Rush Prospectors working California gold placer deposits in 1850 Date January 24 , 1848 ( 1848 - 01 - 24 ) -- 1855 Location Sierra Nevada and Northern California goldfields Coordinates 38 \u00b0 48 \u2032 09 ''","N 120 \u00b0 53 \u2032 41 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.80250 \u00b0","N 120.89472 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.80250 ; - 120.89472 Coordinates : 38 \u00b0 48 \u2032 09 ''","N 120 \u00b0 53 \u2032 41 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 38.80250 \u00b0","N 120.89472 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 38.80250 ; - 120.89472 Participants 300,000 prospectors Outcome California becomes a U.S. state California Genocide Advertisement"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5786436023996565401","input":"where did the name penny mustard come from","passages":[{"title":"Penny dreadful","text":"The stories themselves were reprints , or sometimes rewrites , of the earliest Gothic thrillers such as The Castle of Otranto or The Monk , as well as new stories about famous criminals . Some of the most famous of these penny part - stories were The String of Pearls : A Romance ( introducing Sweeney Todd , `` the Demon Barber of Fleet Street '' ) , The Mysteries of London ( inspired by the French serial The Mysteries of Paris ) , and Varney the Vampire ( 1845 -- 47 ) . Varney is the tale of the vampire Sir Francis Varney , and introduced many of the tropes present in vampire fiction recognizable to modern audiences -- it was the first story to refer to sharpened teeth for a vampire . Highwaymen were popular heroes ; Black Bess or the Knight of the Road , outlining the largely imaginary exploits of real - life English highwayman Dick Turpin , continued for 254 episodes . Other serials were thinly - disguised plagiarisms of popular contemporary literature . The publisher Edward Lloyd , for instance , published a number of penny serials derived from the works of Charles Dickens entitled Oliver Twiss , Nickelas Nicklebery , and Martin Guzzlewit .","sentences":["The stories themselves were reprints , or sometimes rewrites , of the earliest Gothic thrillers such as The Castle of Otranto or The Monk , as well as new stories about famous criminals .","Some of the most famous of these penny part - stories were The String of Pearls : A Romance ( introducing Sweeney Todd , `` the Demon Barber of Fleet Street '' ) , The Mysteries of London ( inspired by the French serial The Mysteries of Paris ) , and Varney the Vampire ( 1845 -- 47 ) .","Varney is the tale of the vampire Sir Francis Varney , and introduced many of the tropes present in vampire fiction recognizable to modern audiences -- it was the first story to refer to sharpened teeth for a vampire .","Highwaymen were popular heroes ; Black Bess or the Knight of the Road , outlining the largely imaginary exploits of real - life English highwayman Dick Turpin , continued for 254 episodes .","Other serials were thinly - disguised plagiarisms of popular contemporary literature .","The publisher Edward Lloyd , for instance , published a number of penny serials derived from the works of Charles Dickens entitled Oliver Twiss , Nickelas Nicklebery , and Martin Guzzlewit ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6403980650685931350","input":"how did the geography and resources of san diego california help it grow","passages":[{"title":"Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1","text":"Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 The church fa\u00e7ade of Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 Location in San Diego Location 10818 San Diego Mission Rd . San Diego , California 92108 - 2429 Coordinates 32 \u00b0 47 \u2032 4 '' N 117 \u00b0 6 \u2032 23 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 32.78444 \u00b0 N 117.10639 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 32.78444 ; - 117.10639 Coordinates : 32 \u00b0 47 \u2032 4 '' N 117 \u00b0 6 \u2032 23 '' W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 32.78444 \u00b0 N 117.10639 \u00b0 W \ufeff \/ 32.78444 ; - 117.10639 Name as founded La Misi\u00f3n San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 English translation The Mission of Saint Didacus of Acal\u00e1 Patron Saint Didacus of Alcal\u00e1 Nickname ( s ) `` Mother of the Alta California Missions '' Founding date July 16 , 1769 Founding priest ( s ) Father Presidente Jun\u00edpero Serra Built 1769 Architect Fr . Jose Bernardo Sanchez Founding Order First Headquarters of the Alta California Mission System 1769 -- 1771 Military district First Native tribe ( s ) Spanish name ( s ) Kumeyaay ( Ipai \/ Tipai ) Diegue\u00f1o Native place name ( s ) Kosoi , Nipawai Baptisms 6,522 Confirmations 1,379 Marriages 1,794 Burials 4,322 Neophyte population 1,455 Secularized 1834 Returned to the Church 1862 Governing body Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego Current use Parish Church U.S. National Register of Historic Places Official name : San Diego Mission Church Designated April 15 , 1970 Reference no . 70000144 U.S. National Historic Landmark Designated April 15 , 1970 California Historical Landmark Reference no . # 242 San Diego Historic Landmark Designated October 6 , 1976 Reference no . 113 Website http:\/\/missionsandiego.com","sentences":["Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 The church fa\u00e7ade of Mission San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 Location in San Diego Location 10818 San Diego Mission Rd .","San Diego , California 92108 - 2429 Coordinates 32 \u00b0 47","\u2032 4 '' N 117 \u00b0 6 \u2032 23 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 32.78444 \u00b0 N 117.10639 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 32.78444 ; - 117.10639 Coordinates : 32 \u00b0 47","\u2032 4 '' N 117 \u00b0 6 \u2032 23 ''","W \ufeff \/ \ufeff 32.78444 \u00b0 N 117.10639 \u00b0","W \ufeff \/ 32.78444 ; - 117.10639 Name as founded La Misi\u00f3n San Diego de Alcal\u00e1 English translation The Mission of Saint Didacus of Acal\u00e1 Patron Saint Didacus of Alcal\u00e1 Nickname ( s ) `` Mother of the Alta California Missions ''","Founding date July 16 , 1769","Founding priest ( s ) Father Presidente Jun\u00edpero Serra Built 1769 Architect Fr .","Jose Bernardo Sanchez Founding Order First Headquarters of the Alta California Mission System 1769 -- 1771 Military district First Native tribe ( s ) Spanish name ( s ) Kumeyaay ( Ipai \/ Tipai )","Diegue\u00f1o Native place name ( s ) Kosoi , Nipawai Baptisms 6,522 Confirmations 1,379 Marriages 1,794 Burials 4,322 Neophyte population 1,455 Secularized 1834 Returned to the Church 1862","Governing body Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego Current use Parish Church U.S. National Register of Historic Places Official name : San Diego Mission Church Designated April 15 , 1970 Reference no .","70000144 U.S. National Historic Landmark Designated April 15 , 1970 California Historical Landmark Reference","no .","# 242 San Diego Historic Landmark Designated October 6 , 1976 Reference","no .","113 Website http:\/\/missionsandiego.com"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"82049709330756774","input":"who is the best olympic gymnast of all time","passages":[{"title":"List of Olympic female gymnasts for the United States","text":"In 2016 , the U.S. won the team all - around gold medal for the second consecutive Olympics , and the third title overall . The team referred to as `` The Final Five '' , featured the return of 2012 Olympic gold medalists Gabby Douglas and Aly Raisman . It also featured newcomers Laurie Hernandez , Madison Kocian , and the 3 - time reigning world all - around champion Simone Biles . Biles won the individual all - around , vault , and floor exercise gold medals , and also took bronze in the balance beam final . Raisman won silver medals in the all - around and floor exercise . Hernandez took the silver on the balance beam while Kocian , the reigning uneven bars world co-champion would win silver in that event . The 2016 games had been the most dominant games ever for team USA in women 's gymnastics , having won 4 golds , 4 silvers , and a bronze medal overall .","sentences":["In 2016 , the U.S. won the team all - around gold medal for the second consecutive Olympics , and the third title overall .","The team referred to as `` The Final Five '' , featured the return of 2012 Olympic gold medalists Gabby Douglas and Aly Raisman .","It also featured newcomers Laurie Hernandez , Madison Kocian , and the 3 - time reigning world all - around champion Simone Biles .","Biles won the individual all - around , vault , and floor exercise gold medals , and also took bronze in the balance beam final .","Raisman won silver medals in the all - around and floor exercise .","Hernandez took the silver on the balance beam while Kocian , the reigning uneven bars world co-champion would win silver in that event .","The 2016 games had been the most dominant games ever for team USA in women 's gymnastics , having won 4 golds , 4 silvers , and a bronze medal overall ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6822526278087230475","input":"when did 10 digit dialing start in colorado","passages":[{"title":"Area codes 303 and 720","text":"Area code 303 was one of the original area codes put into service in 1947 , and originally covered the entire state of Colorado . Despite Colorado 's dramatic growth during the second half of the 20th century ( especially in the Denver area ) , it remained the sole area code in Colorado for over 40 years . By the late 1980s , an impending number shortage made a split necessary . On March 5 , 1988 , southeastern Colorado , including Colorado Springs and Pueblo , became area code 719 . The northeastern and western portions of area code 303 , including Fort Collins , Grand Junction , Vail and Aspen , switched to area code 970 on April 2 , 1995 , reducing 303 to cover Denver and the Front Range . With the 1995 split , 303 is the only Colorado area code that does not border another state .","sentences":["Area code 303 was one of the original area codes put into service in 1947 , and originally covered the entire state of Colorado .","Despite Colorado 's dramatic growth during the second half of the 20th century ( especially in the Denver area ) , it remained the sole area code in Colorado for over 40 years .","By the late 1980s , an impending number shortage made a split necessary .","On March 5 , 1988 , southeastern Colorado , including Colorado Springs and Pueblo , became area code 719 .","The northeastern and western portions of area code 303 , including Fort Collins , Grand Junction , Vail and Aspen , switched to area code 970 on April 2 , 1995 , reducing 303 to cover Denver and the Front Range .","With the 1995 split , 303 is the only Colorado area code that does not border another state ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6297191829936840472","input":"where can the legal scope of practice be found","passages":[{"title":"Law","text":"The philosophy of law is commonly known as jurisprudence . Normative jurisprudence asks `` what should law be ? '' , while analytic jurisprudence asks `` what is law ? '' John Austin 's utilitarian answer was that law is `` commands , backed by threat of sanctions , from a sovereign , to whom people have a habit of obedience '' . Natural lawyers on the other side , such as Jean - Jacques Rousseau , argue that law reflects essentially moral and unchangeable laws of nature . The concept of `` natural law '' emerged in ancient Greek philosophy concurrently and in connection with the notion of justice , and re-entered the mainstream of Western culture through the writings of Thomas Aquinas , notably his Treatise on Law .","sentences":["The philosophy of law is commonly known as jurisprudence .","Normative jurisprudence asks `` what should law be ? ''",", while analytic jurisprudence asks `` what is law ? ''","John Austin 's utilitarian answer was that law is `` commands , backed by threat of sanctions , from a sovereign , to whom people have a habit of obedience '' .","Natural lawyers on the other side , such as Jean - Jacques Rousseau , argue that law reflects essentially moral and unchangeable laws of nature .","The concept of `` natural law '' emerged in ancient Greek philosophy concurrently and in connection with the notion of justice , and re-entered the mainstream of Western culture through the writings of Thomas Aquinas , notably his Treatise on Law ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6615171959853818283","input":"what is the goal of the walking dead","passages":[{"title":"The Walking Dead (video game)","text":"Release Episode 1 ( show ) Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X WW : April 24 , 2012 PlayStation 3 NA : April 24 , 2012 EU : April 25 , 2012 Xbox 360 WW : April 27 , 2012 iOS WW : July 26 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Episode 2 ( show ) Xbox 360 WW : June 27 , 2012 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X WW : June 29 , 2012 PlayStation 3 NA : June 29 , 2012 EU : July 6 , 2012 iOS WW : August 29 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Episode 3 ( show ) PlayStation 3 WW : August 28 , 2012 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X , Xbox 360 WW : August 29 , 2012 iOS WW : October 28 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Episode 4 ( show ) PlayStation 3 WW : October 9 , 2012 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X , Xbox 360 WW : October 10 , 2012 iOS WW : November 8 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Episode 5 ( show ) PlayStation 3 WW : November 20 , 2012 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X , Xbox 360 WW : November 21 , 2012 iOS WW : November 20 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Retail version ( show ) Mac OS X , Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 & Xbox 360 NA : December 11 , 2012 AU : May 9 , 2013 EU : May 10 , 2013 PlayStation Vita WW : August 22 , 2013 PlayStation 4 , Xbox One NA : October 14 , 2014 EU : October 31 , 2014 Ouya WW : TBA","sentences":["Release Episode 1 ( show ) Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X WW : April 24 , 2012 PlayStation 3","NA : April 24 , 2012 EU : April 25 , 2012 Xbox 360 WW : April 27 , 2012 iOS","WW :","July 26 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Episode 2 ( show )","Xbox 360 WW : June 27 , 2012 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X WW : June 29 , 2012 PlayStation 3","NA : June 29 , 2012 EU : July 6 , 2012 iOS","WW : August 29 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Episode 3 ( show )","PlayStation 3 WW : August 28 , 2012 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X , Xbox 360 WW : August 29 , 2012","iOS","WW : October 28 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Episode 4 ( show )","PlayStation 3 WW : October 9 , 2012 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X , Xbox 360 WW : October 10 , 2012 iOS","WW : November 8 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Episode 5 ( show )","PlayStation 3 WW : November 20 , 2012 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X , Xbox 360 WW : November 21 , 2012 iOS","WW : November 20 , 2012 Kindle Fire HDX WW : December 19 , 2013 Retail version ( show )","Mac OS X , Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 & Xbox 360 NA : December 11 , 2012 AU : May 9 , 2013 EU : May 10 , 2013 PlayStation Vita WW :","August 22 , 2013 PlayStation 4 , Xbox One NA : October 14 , 2014 EU : October 31 , 2014 Ouya WW : TBA"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-9142803837090955327","input":"religious toleration becomes the law in maryland answers","passages":[{"title":"Maryland Toleration Act","text":"In 1654 , only five years after its passage , the Act was repealed . Two years earlier the colony had been seized by Protestants following the execution of King Charles I of England and the outbreak of the English Civil War . In the early stages of that conflict , the colonial assembly of Maryland and its neighbors in Virginia had publicly declared their support for the King . Parliament appointed Protestant commissioners loyal to their cause to subdue the colonies , and two of them , the Virginian William Claiborne and Puritan leader Richard Bennett , took control of the colonial government in St. Mary 's City in 1652 . In addition to repealing the Maryland Toleration Act with the assistance of Protestant assemblymen , Claiborne and Bennett passed a new law barring Catholics from openly practicing their religion . Calvert regained control after making a deal with the colony 's Protestants , and in 1657 the Act was again passed by the colonial assembly . This time , it would last more than thirty years , until 1692 .","sentences":["In 1654 , only five years after its passage , the Act was repealed .","Two years earlier the colony had been seized by Protestants following the execution of King Charles I of England and the outbreak of the English Civil War .","In the early stages of that conflict , the colonial assembly of Maryland and its neighbors in Virginia had publicly declared their support for the King .","Parliament appointed Protestant commissioners loyal to their cause to subdue the colonies , and two of them , the Virginian William Claiborne and Puritan leader Richard Bennett , took control of the colonial government in St. Mary 's City in 1652 .","In addition to repealing the Maryland Toleration Act with the assistance of Protestant assemblymen , Claiborne and Bennett passed a new law barring Catholics from openly practicing their religion .","Calvert regained control after making a deal with the colony 's Protestants , and in 1657 the Act was again passed by the colonial assembly .","This time , it would last more than thirty years , until 1692 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3811020068266695064","input":"where does the saying to 86 something come from","passages":[{"title":"86 (term)","text":"hide This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article possibly contains original research . Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed . ( August 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( August 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["hide This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article possibly contains original research .","Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations .","Statements consisting only of original research should be removed .","( August 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( August 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2058368839142285724","input":"famous temple believed to be built out of gold by the moon god","passages":[{"title":"Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam","text":"The epigraphical evidence suggests that these Hindu dynasties -- Cholas , Pandiyas , Hoysalas , Nayaks , Vijayanagar -- assisted with rebuilding , renovation and supported the traditional customs . Some mention substantial gifts to the temple . A Chola king , for example , presented the temple with a golden serpent couch . Some historians identify this king with Rajamahendra Chola . The temple has witnessed and played a key role in the early Sri Vaishnavism history , particularly the centuries that followed the major Hindu philosopher Ramanuja ( 1017 -- 1137 AD ) , and his predecessors Nathamuni and Yamunacharya. . It witnessed the debate between the Dvaita ( dualistic ) and Advaita ( nondualistic ) sub-traditions within Vaishnavism . Centuries later , it was a key site in the debate and disagreements between the northern Tamil and southern Tamil traditions , also called as the Vadakalai and Thenkalai . The early rulers such as the Pallavas , Cholas and Pandiyas supported it as a hub of the Bhakti movement with a devotional singing and dance tradition , but this tradition stopped during the 14th century and was revived in a limited way much later .","sentences":["The epigraphical evidence suggests that these Hindu dynasties -- Cholas , Pandiyas , Hoysalas , Nayaks , Vijayanagar -- assisted with rebuilding , renovation and supported the traditional customs .","Some mention substantial gifts to the temple .","A Chola king , for example , presented the temple with a golden serpent couch .","Some historians identify this king with Rajamahendra Chola .","The temple has witnessed and played a key role in the early Sri Vaishnavism history , particularly the centuries that followed the major Hindu philosopher Ramanuja ( 1017 -- 1137 AD ) , and his predecessors Nathamuni and Yamunacharya. .","It witnessed the debate between the Dvaita ( dualistic ) and Advaita ( nondualistic ) sub-traditions within Vaishnavism .","Centuries later , it was a key site in the debate and disagreements between the northern Tamil and southern Tamil traditions , also called as the Vadakalai and Thenkalai .","The early rulers such as the Pallavas , Cholas and Pandiyas supported it as a hub of the Bhakti movement with a devotional singing and dance tradition , but this tradition stopped during the 14th century and was revived in a limited way much later ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6222945461825316544","input":"what does the cell free dna test for","passages":[{"title":"Cell-free fetal DNA","text":"Matrix - assisted laser desorption \/ ionization - time - of - flight mass spectrometry ( MALDI - TOF MS ) combined with single - base extension after PCR allows cffDNA detection with single base specificity and single DNA molecule sensitivity . DNA is amplified by PCR . Then , linear amplification with base extension reaction ( with a third primer ) is designed to anneal to the region upstream from the mutation site . One or two bases are added to the extension primer to produce two extension products from wild - type DNA and mutant DNA . Single base specificity provides advantages over hybridization - based techniques using TaqMan hydrolysis probes . In 2008 , when assessing the technique , Ding et al found no false positives or negatives when looking for cffDNA to determine fetal sex in sixteen maternal plasma samples . In 2010 , Akolekar et al correctly detected the sex of ninety of ninety - one male foetuses using MALDI - TOF mas spectrometry . The technique had accuracy , sensitivity and specificity of over 99 percent . Epigenetic","sentences":["Matrix - assisted laser desorption \/ ionization - time - of - flight mass spectrometry ( MALDI - TOF MS ) combined with single - base extension after PCR allows cffDNA detection with single base specificity and single DNA molecule sensitivity .","DNA is amplified by PCR .","Then , linear amplification with base extension reaction ( with a third primer ) is designed to anneal to the region upstream from the mutation site .","One or two bases are added to the extension primer to produce two extension products from wild - type DNA and mutant DNA .","Single base specificity provides advantages over hybridization - based techniques using TaqMan hydrolysis probes .","In 2008 , when assessing the technique , Ding et al found no false positives or negatives when looking for cffDNA to determine fetal sex in sixteen maternal plasma samples .","In 2010 , Akolekar et al correctly detected the sex of ninety of ninety - one male foetuses using MALDI - TOF mas spectrometry .","The technique had accuracy , sensitivity and specificity of over 99 percent .","Epigenetic"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3379617055711305543","input":"what happened to toby in season 7 the office","passages":[{"title":"Toby Flenderson","text":"Toby only appears in a few episodes , showing up first in a scene in `` Diversity Day , '' in which he jokes about sitting in an Indian Circle ( to which everyone else laughs ) . Michael , having told many more offensive jokes , is offended by Toby 's joke and tells him that `` This is an environment of welcoming , and you should just get the hell out of here . '' Toby does so and the staff suddenly goes very quiet . This is the first instance in the relationship between the two , Toby trying to be responsible , and Michael trying to demean and undermine him as much as possible . In `` Hot Girl , '' Toby is introduced by Michael to Katy the purse saleswoman ; after Toby and Katy begin talking happily about their high school days , Michael deliberately humiliates Toby by mentioning his divorce and how he once briefly had to live in his car . He also notices the picture of Toby 's daughter on his desk , and refers to her as `` cute '' ; however , this is probably a further attempt to portray Toby , a divorced father , as undesirable .","sentences":["Toby only appears in a few episodes , showing up first in a scene in `` Diversity Day , '' in which he jokes about sitting in an Indian Circle ( to which everyone else laughs ) .","Michael , having told many more offensive jokes , is offended by Toby 's joke and tells him that `` This is an environment of welcoming , and you should just get the hell out of here . ''","Toby does so and the staff suddenly goes very quiet .","This is the first instance in the relationship between the two , Toby trying to be responsible , and Michael trying to demean and undermine him as much as possible .","In `` Hot Girl , '' Toby is introduced by Michael to Katy the purse saleswoman ; after Toby and Katy begin talking happily about their high school days , Michael deliberately humiliates Toby by mentioning his divorce and how he once briefly had to live in his car .","He also notices the picture of Toby 's daughter on his desk , and refers to her as `` cute '' ; however , this is probably a further attempt to portray Toby , a divorced father , as undesirable ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9102087940184489366","input":"where is prokaryotic life found around hydrothermal vents","passages":[{"title":"Hydrothermal vent","text":"A black smoker or deep sea vent is a type of hydrothermal vent found on the seabed , typically in the bathyal zone ( with largest frequency in depths from 2500 m to 3000 m ) , but also in lesser depths as well as deeper in abyssal zone . They appear as black , chimney - like structures that emit a cloud of black material . Black smokers typically emit particles with high levels of sulfur - bearing minerals , or sulfides . Black smokers are formed in fields hundreds of meters wide when superheated water from below Earth 's crust comes through the ocean floor ( water may attain temperatures above 400 \u00b0 C ) . This water is rich in dissolved minerals from the crust , most notably sulfides . When it comes in contact with cold ocean water , many minerals precipitate , forming a black , chimney - like structure around each vent . The deposited metal sulfides can become massive sulfide ore deposits in time .","sentences":["A black smoker or deep sea vent is a type of hydrothermal vent found on the seabed , typically in the bathyal zone ( with largest frequency in depths from 2500 m to 3000 m ) , but also in lesser depths as well as deeper in abyssal zone .","They appear as black , chimney - like structures that emit a cloud of black material .","Black smokers typically emit particles with high levels of sulfur - bearing minerals , or sulfides .","Black smokers are formed in fields hundreds of meters wide when superheated water from below Earth 's crust comes through the ocean floor ( water may attain temperatures above 400 \u00b0 C ) .","This water is rich in dissolved minerals from the crust , most notably sulfides .","When it comes in contact with cold ocean water , many minerals precipitate , forming a black , chimney - like structure around each vent .","The deposited metal sulfides can become massive sulfide ore deposits in time ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7631825794348123644","input":"where did the last name bias come from","passages":[{"title":"Nominative determinism","text":"Because of the potentially humorous nature of aptronyms a number of newspapers have collected them . San Francisco Chronicle columnist Herb Caen reported irregularly on reader - submitted gems , including substitute teacher Mr. Fillin , piano teacher Patience Scales , and the Vatican 's spokesman on the evils of rock ' n roll , Cardinal Rapsong . Similarly , the journalist Bob Levey on occasion listed examples sent in by readers of his column in The Washington Post : a food industry consultant named Faith Popcorn , a lieutenant called Sergeant , and a tax accountant called Shelby Goldgrab . Dutch newspaper Het Parool had an irregularly featured column called `` Nomen est omen '' with Dutch examples . Individual name collectors have also published books of aptronyms . Onomastic scholar R.M. Rennick called for more verification of aptronyms appearing in newspaper columns and books . Lists of aptronyms in science , medicine , and law are more reliable as they tend to be drawn from easily verifiable sources .","sentences":["Because of the potentially humorous nature of aptronyms a number of newspapers have collected them .","San Francisco Chronicle columnist Herb Caen reported irregularly on reader - submitted gems , including substitute teacher Mr. Fillin , piano teacher Patience Scales , and the Vatican 's spokesman on the evils of rock ' n roll , Cardinal Rapsong .","Similarly , the journalist Bob Levey on occasion listed examples sent in by readers of his column in The Washington Post : a food industry consultant named Faith Popcorn , a lieutenant called Sergeant , and a tax accountant called Shelby Goldgrab .","Dutch newspaper Het Parool had an irregularly featured column called `` Nomen est omen '' with Dutch examples .","Individual name collectors have also published books of aptronyms .","Onomastic scholar R.M. Rennick called for more verification of aptronyms appearing in newspaper columns and books .","Lists of aptronyms in science , medicine , and law are more reliable as they tend to be drawn from easily verifiable sources ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8769486344012470141","input":"who is lost to the expedition while they are in drepanum","passages":[{"title":"Battle of Drepana","text":"In the harbour , the Carthaginians did not wait to see what the Romans intended . Adherbal had similar , though less controversial , quick thoughts and ordered the evacuation of Drepana before the blockade was unavoidable . Carthage 's ships thus sailed out of Drepana , passing south of the city and around two small islands in the coast to the open sea . Seeing his plan for a surprise attack fail , Pulcher ordered his fleet to regroup into battle formation . However , by then , everything was against him . The coast of Sicily was at his back and the Punic fleet ready for battle at his front .","sentences":["In the harbour , the Carthaginians did not wait to see what the Romans intended .","Adherbal had similar , though less controversial , quick thoughts and ordered the evacuation of Drepana before the blockade was unavoidable .","Carthage 's ships thus sailed out of Drepana , passing south of the city and around two small islands in the coast to the open sea .","Seeing his plan for a surprise attack fail , Pulcher ordered his fleet to regroup into battle formation .","However , by then , everything was against him .","The coast of Sicily was at his back and the Punic fleet ready for battle at his front ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4658843062885370737","input":"two components that jenkins is mainly integrated with","passages":[{"title":"Field-effect transistor","text":"The JFET ( junction field - effect transistor ) uses a reverse biased p -- n junction to separate the gate from the body . The MOSFET ( metal -- oxide -- semiconductor field - effect transistor ) utilizes an insulator ( typically SiO ) between the gate and the body . The MNOS Metal - Nitride - Oxide - Semiconductor transistor utilizes an nitride - oxide layer insulator between the gate and the body . The DGMOSFET ( Dual-gate MOSFET ) , a FET with two insulated gates . The DEPFET is a FET formed in a fully depleted substrate and acts as a sensor , amplifier and memory node at the same time . It can be used as an image ( photon ) sensor . The FREDFET ( fast - reverse or fast - recovery epitaxial diode FET ) is a specialized FET designed to provide a very fast recovery ( turn - off ) of the body diode . The HIGFET ( heterostructure insulated gate field - effect transistor ) is now used mainly in research . The MODFET ( modulation - doped field - effect transistor ) is a high - electron - mobility transistor using a quantum well structure formed by graded doping of the active region . The TFET ( tunnel field - effect transistor ) is based on band - to - band tunneling . The IGBT ( insulated-gate bipolar transistor ) is a device for power control . It has a structure akin to a MOSFET coupled with a bipolar - like main conduction channel . These are commonly used for the 200 -- 3000 V drain - to - source voltage range of operation . Power MOSFETs are still the device of choice for drain - to - source voltages of 1 to 200 V . The HEMT ( high - electron - mobility transistor ) , also called a HFET ( heterostructure FET ) , can be made using bandgap engineering in a ternary semiconductor such as AlGaAs . The fully depleted wide - band - gap material forms the isolation between gate and body . The ISFET ( ion - sensitive field - effect transistor ) can be used to measure ion concentrations in a solution ; when the ion concentration ( such as H , see pH electrode ) changes , the current through the transistor will change accordingly . The BioFET ( Biologically sensitive field - effect transistor ) is a class of sensors \/ biosensors based on ISFET technology which are utilized to detect charged molecules ; when a charged molecule is present , changes in the electrostatic field at the BioFET surface result in a measurable change in current through the transistor . These include EnFETs , ImmunoFETs , GenFETs , DNAFETs , CPFETs , BeetleFETs , and FETs based on ion - channels \/ protein binding . The MESFET ( metal -- semiconductor field - effect transistor ) substitutes the p -- n junction of the JFET with a Schottky barrier ; and is used in GaAs and other III - V semiconductor materials . The NOMFET is a nanoparticle organic memory field - effect transistor . The GNRFET ( graphene nanoribbon field - effect transistor ) uses a graphene nanoribbon for its channel . The VeSFET ( vertical - slit field - effect transistor ) is a square - shaped junctionless FET with a narrow slit connecting the source and drain at opposite corners . Two gates occupy the other corners , and control the current through the slit . The CNTFET ( carbon nanotube field - effect transistor ) . The OFET ( organic field - effect transistor ) uses an organic semiconductor in its channel . The DNAFET ( DNA field - effect transistor ) is a specialized FET that acts as a biosensor , by using a gate made of single - strand DNA molecules to detect matching DNA strands . The QFET ( quantum field effect transistor ) takes advantage of quantum tunneling to greatly increase the speed of transistor operation by eliminating the traditional transistor 's area of electron conduction .","sentences":["The JFET ( junction field - effect transistor ) uses a reverse biased p -- n junction to separate the gate from the body .","The MOSFET ( metal -- oxide -- semiconductor field - effect transistor ) utilizes an insulator ( typically SiO ) between the gate and the body .","The MNOS Metal - Nitride - Oxide - Semiconductor transistor utilizes an nitride - oxide layer insulator between the gate and the body .","The DGMOSFET ( Dual-gate MOSFET ) , a FET with two insulated gates .","The DEPFET is a FET formed in a fully depleted substrate and acts as a sensor , amplifier and memory node at the same time .","It can be used as an image ( photon ) sensor .","The FREDFET ( fast - reverse or fast - recovery epitaxial diode FET ) is a specialized FET designed to provide a very fast recovery ( turn - off ) of the body diode .","The HIGFET ( heterostructure insulated gate field - effect transistor ) is now used mainly in research .","The MODFET ( modulation - doped field - effect transistor ) is a high - electron - mobility transistor using a quantum well structure formed by graded doping of the active region .","The TFET ( tunnel field - effect transistor ) is based on band - to - band tunneling .","The IGBT ( insulated-gate bipolar transistor ) is a device for power control .","It has a structure akin to a MOSFET coupled with a bipolar - like main conduction channel .","These are commonly used for the 200 -- 3000 V drain - to - source voltage range of operation .","Power MOSFETs are still the device of choice for drain - to - source voltages of 1 to 200 V .","The HEMT ( high - electron - mobility transistor ) , also called a HFET ( heterostructure FET ) , can be made using bandgap engineering in a ternary semiconductor such as AlGaAs .","The fully depleted wide - band - gap material forms the isolation between gate and body .","The ISFET ( ion - sensitive field - effect transistor ) can be used to measure ion concentrations in a solution ; when the ion concentration ( such as H , see pH electrode ) changes , the current through the transistor will change accordingly .","The BioFET ( Biologically sensitive field - effect transistor ) is a class of sensors \/ biosensors based on ISFET technology which are utilized to detect charged molecules ; when a charged molecule is present , changes in the electrostatic field at the BioFET surface result in a measurable change in current through the transistor .","These include EnFETs , ImmunoFETs , GenFETs , DNAFETs , CPFETs , BeetleFETs , and FETs based on ion - channels \/ protein binding .","The MESFET ( metal -- semiconductor field - effect transistor ) substitutes the p -- n junction of the JFET with a Schottky barrier ; and is used in GaAs and other III - V semiconductor materials .","The NOMFET is a nanoparticle organic memory field - effect transistor .","The GNRFET ( graphene nanoribbon field - effect transistor ) uses a graphene nanoribbon for its channel .","The VeSFET ( vertical - slit field - effect transistor ) is a square - shaped junctionless FET with a narrow slit connecting the source and drain at opposite corners .","Two gates occupy the other corners , and control the current through the slit .","The CNTFET ( carbon nanotube field - effect transistor ) .","The OFET ( organic field - effect transistor ) uses an organic semiconductor in its channel .","The DNAFET ( DNA field - effect transistor ) is a specialized FET that acts as a biosensor , by using a gate made of single - strand DNA molecules to detect matching DNA strands .","The QFET ( quantum field effect transistor ) takes advantage of quantum tunneling to greatly increase the speed of transistor operation by eliminating the traditional transistor 's area of electron conduction ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5569371742615326163","input":"where does ba fly to in new zealand","passages":[{"title":"Air New Zealand","text":"In 2000 , Air New Zealand announced that it had chosen instead to acquire the entirety of Ansett Australia ( increasing its 50 % stake in the carrier to 100 % ) for A $680 million from News Corporation Ltd . Business commentators believe this to have been a critical mistake , as Ansett 's fleet , staffing levels and infrastructure far outweighed that of Air New Zealand . Subsequently , both carriers ' profitability came under question , and foreign offers to purchase the Air New Zealand Group were considered . In September 2001 , plagued by costs it could not possibly afford , the Air New Zealand \/ Ansett Group neared collapse . A failed attempt at purchasing Virgin Blue was the final straw , and on 12 September , out of both time and cash , Air New Zealand placed Ansett Australia into voluntary administration , following which Ansett was forced to cease operations . Air New Zealand announced a NZ $1.425 billion operating loss .","sentences":["In 2000 , Air New Zealand announced that it had chosen instead to acquire the entirety of Ansett Australia ( increasing its 50 % stake in the carrier to 100 % ) for A $680 million from News Corporation Ltd .","Business commentators believe this to have been a critical mistake , as Ansett 's fleet , staffing levels and infrastructure far outweighed that of Air New Zealand .","Subsequently , both carriers ' profitability came under question , and foreign offers to purchase the Air New Zealand Group were considered .","In September 2001 , plagued by costs it could not possibly afford , the Air New Zealand \/ Ansett Group neared collapse .","A failed attempt at purchasing Virgin Blue was the final straw , and on 12 September , out of both time and cash , Air New Zealand placed Ansett Australia into voluntary administration , following which Ansett was forced to cease operations .","Air New Zealand announced a NZ $1.425 billion operating loss ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1917829948647764486","input":"last episode of two and a half charlie","passages":[{"title":"Of Course He's Dead","text":"Corey Barker of TV.Com gave the episode a positive review . He thought `` it was a legitimately funny episode of television that toyed with viewers ' expectations all the way up until the last millisecond '' , as to whether or not Charlie Sheen would appear , which is what the episode was teasingly building up to . He argued that `` it sure was fascinating . And for Two and a Half Men , that 's a very fitting way to go out '' . He believed `` Of Course He 's Dead '' to be more creative and clever than the show ever was : `` For a sitcom that I never found to be creative or even clever , Two and a Half Men peppered its final hour with some really amusing -- if obvious -- moments '' . He also thought that the fact Sheen never showed up `` made the finale 's self - aware trolling even more successful . ''","sentences":["Corey Barker of TV.Com gave the episode a positive review .","He thought `` it was a legitimately funny episode of television that toyed with viewers ' expectations all the way up until the last millisecond '' , as to whether or not Charlie Sheen would appear , which is what the episode was teasingly building up to .","He argued that `` it sure was fascinating .","And for Two and a Half Men , that 's a very fitting way to go out '' .","He believed `` Of Course He 's Dead '' to be more creative and clever than the show ever was : `` For a sitcom that I never found to be creative or even clever , Two and a Half Men peppered its final hour with some really amusing -- if obvious -- moments '' .","He also thought that the fact Sheen never showed up `` made the finale 's self - aware trolling even more successful . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8920659432502161213","input":"land between the lakes national recreation area dover tn","passages":[{"title":"Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area","text":"A plan was developed shortly after this to use the United States Army Corps of Engineers to dam the Cumberland in such a way that the two lakes would be at the same elevation , and the two streams could then be connected by a canal without the need for any locks . This would considerably lessen the shipping distances for goods going to ports on the Gulf of Mexico for products leaving the Cumberland Valley . This was completed in the 1960s and the resulting impoundment was referred to as Lake Barkley , after Alben W. Barkley , a Kentuckian who had served as Vice President under President Harry S. Truman . The plan called for a new dam and the evacuation of the entire former `` Between the Rivers '' area , not all of which was to be flooded . The area was to become Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area -- a TVA experiment designed to show a multiple - use approach to recreational lands . Unlike a national park , there were to be areas where hunting would be allowed . Over time , many other attractions were to be developed , such as a bison range , and a recreated 1850 - style farm called `` The Homeplace '' , complete with an on - site staff simulating life on the farm in period costume and working it using period agricultural techniques . ( Both of these attractions were added in the 1970s . ) The road through the Tennessee portion was renamed from State Route 49 to `` The Trace '' , which is what many roads and paths were called in pioneer times ( it is short for `` Buffalo Trace '' that many winding roads have been called since they seem to follow the winding path of buffalo or bison ) . Land","sentences":["A plan was developed shortly after this to use the United States Army Corps of Engineers to dam the Cumberland in such a way that the two lakes would be at the same elevation , and the two streams could then be connected by a canal without the need for any locks .","This would considerably lessen the shipping distances for goods going to ports on the Gulf of Mexico for products leaving the Cumberland Valley .","This was completed in the 1960s and the resulting impoundment was referred to as Lake Barkley , after Alben W. Barkley , a Kentuckian who had served as Vice President under President Harry S. Truman .","The plan called for a new dam and the evacuation of the entire former `` Between the Rivers '' area , not all of which was to be flooded .","The area was to become Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area -- a TVA experiment designed to show a multiple - use approach to recreational lands .","Unlike a national park , there were to be areas where hunting would be allowed .","Over time , many other attractions were to be developed , such as a bison range , and a recreated 1850 - style farm called `` The Homeplace '' , complete with an on - site staff simulating life on the farm in period costume and working it using period agricultural techniques .","( Both of these attractions were added in the 1970s . )","The road through the Tennessee portion was renamed from State Route 49 to `` The Trace '' , which is what many roads and paths were called in pioneer times ( it is short for `` Buffalo Trace '' that many winding roads have been called since they seem to follow the winding path of buffalo or bison ) .","Land"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-606614838130700667","input":"who published alexander and the terrible horrible no good very bad day","passages":[{"title":"Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day","text":"Aside from the running gag of Alexander making references to Australia , the producers added another running gag in the special : he searches everywhere for his favorite yo - yo , a purple glow - in - the - dark one . Dad has no mustache and has brown hair instead of blonde . Nick has blonde hair instead of brown and wears glasses . Anthony has brown hair instead of blonde . The cat , unnamed in the book , is named Timothy . Phillip Parker is white instead of black and wears no glasses . Albert Moyo is black instead of white . This special features 11 more bad things for Alexander : He opens a drawer too far , making it land on his right foot . He spills cereal on the floor while searching for a free prize . He falls off of the seat when the carpool stops by his school . His friends will not let him play Monkey in the Middle . He sings `` roll '' and `` Mary Lee '' while his class sings `` Row , Row , Row Your Boat '' . His friends tease him multiple times when he draws a picture of an invisible castle , sings his song loudly and incorrectly , skips the number 16 , gets no dessert , and explains why he refuses to play ball with them after school . His friends close the doors on him after school . He was forced by the dentist , Dr. Fields , to sit still for 30 seconds for messing around with the toothpaste , dental chair , and tray . His brothers pretend to be in pain when Alexander hops due to the elevator door closing on his foot . The shoe salesman turns down his alternate choice of sneakers ( green ones ) . He is forced by his father to sit out on the couch for a time - out for playing with the copying machine and knocking the books off his father 's desk . The special also includes 4 good things to show the audience that even a bad day can have something good in it : Alexander 's friends ask him if he wants to play ball with them before Alexander refuses . Anthony and Nick make up for what they did to Alexander while waiting for their mom to pick up the car . Mom finds Alexander 's favorite yo - yo in the closet while turning off the bedroom light . Before the end credits , Timothy ( the cat ) changes his mind and sleeps with Alexander while talking about how Mom says everybody has bad days , even in Australia . Although mentioned , the three following bad things are not shown in the special : The family has lima beans for dinner . Alexander watching kissing on TV . Alexander 's bath making the evening worse . The special also included three original songs : `` So much to do , so little time in the morning '' `` If I could be the only child '' `` I 've had a terrible , horrible , no good , very bad day ''","sentences":["Aside from the running gag of Alexander making references to Australia , the producers added another running gag in the special : he searches everywhere for his favorite yo - yo , a purple glow - in - the - dark one .","Dad has no mustache and has brown hair instead of blonde .","Nick has blonde hair instead of brown and wears glasses .","Anthony has brown hair instead of blonde .","The cat , unnamed in the book , is named Timothy .","Phillip Parker is white instead of black and wears no glasses .","Albert Moyo is black instead of white .","This special features 11 more bad things for Alexander :","He opens a drawer too far , making it land on his right foot .","He spills cereal on the floor while searching for a free prize .","He falls off of the seat when the carpool stops by his school .","His friends will not let him play Monkey in the Middle .","He sings `` roll '' and `` Mary Lee '' while his class sings `` Row , Row , Row Your Boat '' .","His friends tease him multiple times when he draws a picture of an invisible castle , sings his song loudly and incorrectly , skips the number 16 , gets no dessert , and explains why he refuses to play ball with them after school .","His friends close the doors on him after school .","He was forced by the dentist , Dr. Fields , to sit still for 30 seconds for messing around with the toothpaste , dental chair , and tray .","His brothers pretend to be in pain when Alexander hops due to the elevator door closing on his foot .","The shoe salesman turns down his alternate choice of sneakers ( green ones ) .","He is forced by his father to sit out on the couch for a time - out for playing with the copying machine and knocking the books off his father 's desk .","The special also includes 4 good things to show the audience that even a bad day can have something good in it : Alexander 's friends ask him if he wants to play ball with them before Alexander refuses .","Anthony and Nick make up for what they did to Alexander while waiting for their mom to pick up the car .","Mom finds Alexander 's favorite yo - yo in the closet while turning off the bedroom light .","Before the end credits , Timothy ( the cat ) changes his mind and sleeps with Alexander while talking about how Mom says everybody has bad days , even in Australia .","Although mentioned , the three following bad things are not shown in the special : The family has lima beans for dinner .","Alexander watching kissing on TV .","Alexander 's bath making the evening worse .","The special also included three original songs : `` So much to do , so little time in the morning '' `` If I could be the only child '' `` I 've had a terrible , horrible , no good , very bad day ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4423160601289240280","input":"from what perspective is the singer describing specific events in the song of what a wonderful world","passages":[{"title":"What a Wonderful World","text":"This media section uses IMDb for verification . IMDb may not be a reliable source for film and television information and is generally only cited as an external link . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . Please help by replacing IMDb with third - party reliable sources . ( February 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["This media section uses IMDb for verification .","IMDb may not be a reliable source for film and television information and is generally only cited as an external link .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","Please help by replacing IMDb with third - party reliable sources .","( February 2016 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1613479151421740203","input":"when does the leeds festival lineup get announced","passages":[{"title":"Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups","text":"Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday The Strokes Pulp Jane 's Addiction Weezer The White Stripes The Dandy Warhols Mercury Rev The Soundtrack of Our Lives The Moldy Peaches Foo Fighters Muse Ash Sum 41 The Hives Less Than Jake Andrew W.K. Vex Red Sahara Hotnights Guns N ' Roses ( Leeds ) The Prodigy The Offspring Slipknot Incubus NOFX Puddle of Mudd Hundred Reasons Amen Raging Speedhorn ( Reading ) The Dillinger Escape Plan","sentences":["Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday The Strokes Pulp Jane 's Addiction Weezer The White Stripes The Dandy Warhols Mercury Rev The Soundtrack of Our Lives The Moldy Peaches Foo Fighters Muse Ash Sum 41 The Hives Less Than Jake Andrew W.K. Vex","Red Sahara Hotnights Guns N ' Roses ( Leeds )","The Prodigy","The Offspring Slipknot Incubus NOFX Puddle of Mudd Hundred Reasons","Amen Raging Speedhorn ( Reading )","The Dillinger Escape Plan"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4723861612957047109","input":"who is main character in game of thrones","passages":[{"title":"List of Game of Thrones characters","text":"Alliser Thorne ( season 1 , 4 -- 6 ) portrayed by Owen Teale , Owen Teale is a drill instructor at Castle Black . He fought for Aerys II during Robert 's Rebellion and was sent to the Wall as punishment . He is a bitter , cruel , fanatical and hardened man but knows firsthand what it is like to serve in the Night 's Watch during the winter . The previous winter , he was caught north of the Wall on a ranging mission and he and the other members of his party were forced to eat the rangers who died in order to survive . Thorne returns in Season 4 , now the acting Lord Commander of the Night 's Watch following the death of Jeor Mormont , and becomes friends with Janos Slynt . He advocates Jon 's execution for his actions in season 3 , but Jon is exonerated by Maester Aemon . Thorne later notices that the people like Jon better than him , and will most likely elect Jon as the new Lord Commander , which would make him Thorne 's superior . To avoid this , Thorne , on Slynt 's suggestion , allows Jon to lead a mission to kill the Night 's Watch mutineers in the hopes that Jon will be killed in battle , though Jon survives . Out of spite , Thorne refuses Jon 's proposal to seal off Castle Black to stop the wildlings from breaching . When the wildling army arrives , Alliser grudgingly admits to Jon that he should have listened to him , but valiantly leads his men into battle . Alliser personally duels Tormund Giantsbane , but is wounded . He is last seen being taken inside Castle Black for treatment while yelling for his men to continue fighting . In season 5 , he has been healed but walks with a limp . He appears to be the leading contender for being voted the new official Lord Commander of the Night 's Watch . Though he ultimately loses to Jon Snow by one vote in a three - way race , he is named First Ranger by Jon , which he appears to appreciate . When Jon sentences Slynt to execution for insubordination , Thorne briefly blocks Eddison Tollett 's way , but quickly abandons Slynt to his fate . After Jon 's return from Hardhome , he eventually opens the gate for the incoming wildling refugees , showing deep resentment for the new Lord Commander 's ambition to forge an alliance with the wildling tribes . After Davos ' return to the Wall , Alliser dispatches Olly with word of Benjen Stark 's current state ; the ploy is soon uncovered as a mutiny , wherein a disarmed Jon is trapped and stabbed to death . Alliser delivers the first blow , under the call `` For the Watch ! '' and leaves the Lord Commander dying in the snow . Thorne assumes command once again , but only until Edd brings back the wildlings to save Jon 's loyalists from death . Thorne is arrested for his treachery , and after Jon is resurrected , he is hanged for treason .","sentences":["Alliser Thorne ( season 1 , 4 -- 6 ) portrayed by Owen Teale , Owen Teale is a drill instructor at Castle Black .","He fought for Aerys II during Robert 's Rebellion and was sent to the Wall as punishment .","He is a bitter , cruel , fanatical and hardened man but knows firsthand what it is like to serve in the Night 's Watch during the winter .","The previous winter , he was caught north of the Wall on a ranging mission and he and the other members of his party were forced to eat the rangers who died in order to survive .","Thorne returns in Season 4 , now the acting Lord Commander of the Night 's Watch following the death of Jeor Mormont , and becomes friends with Janos Slynt .","He advocates Jon 's execution for his actions in season 3 , but Jon is exonerated by Maester Aemon .","Thorne later notices that the people like Jon better than him , and will most likely elect Jon as the new Lord Commander , which would make him Thorne 's superior .","To avoid this , Thorne , on Slynt 's suggestion , allows Jon to lead a mission to kill the Night 's Watch mutineers in the hopes that Jon will be killed in battle , though Jon survives .","Out of spite , Thorne refuses Jon 's proposal to seal off Castle Black to stop the wildlings from breaching .","When the wildling army arrives , Alliser grudgingly admits to Jon that he should have listened to him , but valiantly leads his men into battle .","Alliser personally duels Tormund Giantsbane , but is wounded .","He is last seen being taken inside Castle Black for treatment while yelling for his men to continue fighting .","In season 5 , he has been healed but walks with a limp .","He appears to be the leading contender for being voted the new official Lord Commander of the Night 's Watch .","Though he ultimately loses to Jon Snow by one vote in a three - way race , he is named First Ranger by Jon , which he appears to appreciate .","When Jon sentences Slynt to execution for insubordination , Thorne briefly blocks Eddison Tollett 's way , but quickly abandons Slynt to his fate .","After Jon 's return from Hardhome , he eventually opens the gate for the incoming wildling refugees , showing deep resentment for the new Lord Commander 's ambition to forge an alliance with the wildling tribes .","After Davos ' return to the Wall , Alliser dispatches Olly with word of Benjen Stark 's current state ; the ploy is soon uncovered as a mutiny , wherein a disarmed Jon is trapped and stabbed to death .","Alliser delivers the first blow , under the call `` For the Watch ! ''","and leaves the Lord Commander dying in the snow .","Thorne assumes command once again , but only until Edd brings back the wildlings to save Jon 's loyalists from death .","Thorne is arrested for his treachery , and after Jon is resurrected , he is hanged for treason ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7555443961664031693","input":"what system does the sec require companies to use when preparing financial statements","passages":[{"title":"International Financial Reporting Standards","text":"International Financial Reporting Standards , usually called IFRS , are standards issued by the IFRS Foundation and the International Accounting Standards Board ( IASB ) to provide a common global language for business affairs so that company accounts are understandable and comparable across international boundaries . They are a consequence of growing international shareholding and trade and are particularly important for companies that have dealings in several countries . They are progressively replacing the many different national accounting standards . They are the rules to be followed by accountants to maintain books of accounts which are comparable , understandable , reliable and relevant as per the users internal or external . IFRS , with the exception of IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies and IFRIC 7 Applying the Restatement Approach under IAS 29 , are authorized in terms of the historical cost paradigm . IAS 29 and IFRIC 7 are authorized in terms of the units of constant purchasing power paradigm .","sentences":["International Financial Reporting Standards , usually called IFRS , are standards issued by the IFRS Foundation and the International Accounting Standards Board ( IASB ) to provide a common global language for business affairs so that company accounts are understandable and comparable across international boundaries .","They are a consequence of growing international shareholding and trade and are particularly important for companies that have dealings in several countries .","They are progressively replacing the many different national accounting standards .","They are the rules to be followed by accountants to maintain books of accounts which are comparable , understandable , reliable and relevant as per the users internal or external .","IFRS , with the exception of IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies and IFRIC 7 Applying the Restatement Approach under IAS 29 , are authorized in terms of the historical cost paradigm .","IAS 29 and IFRIC 7 are authorized in terms of the units of constant purchasing power paradigm ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6820409675901407615","input":"types and causes of male and female infertility","passages":[{"title":"Infertility","text":"High costs may also be a factor and research by the Genk Institute for Fertility Technology , in Belgium , claimed a much lower cost methodology ( about 90 % reduction ) with similar efficacy , which may be suitable for some fertility treatment . At the 1994 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development ( ICPD ) in Cairo , the prevention and treatment of infertility was accepted into the program of action for reproductive healthcare . Infertility has shown to have a greater effect on developing nations than on birth rates or population control , but also on a social level as well . Reproduction is a large aspect of life for many cultures within developing nations , and infertility can lead to social and familial problems such as rejection or abandonment as well as personal psychological issues . Currently , fertility treatment options and programs are only available through private health sectors in developing nations and little - to - no treatment is available through public health sectors . The fertility treatment options offered through the private sectors are often costly or not easily accessible . Additionally , counseling is considered an essential aspect of fertility treatment , and due to lack of education and resources such forms of therapy remain scarce as well . While quality fertility care is not readily available in developing nations ( such as sub-Saharan African countries ) , a standard procedure of care could be easily implemented for a low cost as a basic intervention . The lack of fertility treatment is problematic , and high birth and population rates are every reason to implement treatment options rather than reject them .","sentences":["High costs may also be a factor and research by the Genk Institute for Fertility Technology , in Belgium , claimed a much lower cost methodology ( about 90 % reduction ) with similar efficacy , which may be suitable for some fertility treatment .","At the 1994 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development ( ICPD ) in Cairo , the prevention and treatment of infertility was accepted into the program of action for reproductive healthcare .","Infertility has shown to have a greater effect on developing nations than on birth rates or population control , but also on a social level as well .","Reproduction is a large aspect of life for many cultures within developing nations , and infertility can lead to social and familial problems such as rejection or abandonment as well as personal psychological issues .","Currently , fertility treatment options and programs are only available through private health sectors in developing nations and little - to - no treatment is available through public health sectors .","The fertility treatment options offered through the private sectors are often costly or not easily accessible .","Additionally , counseling is considered an essential aspect of fertility treatment , and due to lack of education and resources such forms of therapy remain scarce as well .","While quality fertility care is not readily available in developing nations ( such as sub-Saharan African countries ) , a standard procedure of care could be easily implemented for a low cost as a basic intervention .","The lack of fertility treatment is problematic , and high birth and population rates are every reason to implement treatment options rather than reject them ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3472371475345988655","input":"this change from fins on the lobe finned fish","passages":[{"title":"Evolution of fish","text":"Pikaia External video Pikaia gracilens animation The Burgess Shale Pikaia , along with Myllokunmingia and Haikouichthys ercaicunensis immediately below , are all candidates in the fossil record for the titles of `` first vertebrate '' and `` first fish '' . Pikaia is a genus that appeared about 530 Ma during the Cambrian explosion of multicellular life . Pikaia gracilens ( pictured ) is a transitional fossil between invertebrates and vertebrates , and may be the earliest known chordate . In this sense it may have been the original ancestor of fishes . It was a primitive creature with no evidence of eyes , without a well defined head , and less than 2 inches ( 5 centimetres ) long . Pikaia was a sideways - flattened , leaf - shaped animal that swam by throwing its body into a series of S - shaped , zig - zag curves , similar to movement of snakes . Fish inherited the same swimming movement , but they generally have stiffer backbones . It had a pair of large head tentacles and a series of short appendages , which may be linked to gill slits , on either side of its head . Pikaia shows the essential prerequisites for vertebrates . The flattened body is divided into pairs of segmented muscle blocks , seen as faint vertical lines . The muscles lie on either side of a flexible structure resembling a rod that runs from the tip of the head to the tip of the tail .","sentences":["Pikaia External video Pikaia gracilens animation The Burgess Shale Pikaia , along with Myllokunmingia and Haikouichthys ercaicunensis immediately below , are all candidates in the fossil record for the titles of `` first vertebrate '' and `` first fish '' .","Pikaia is a genus that appeared about 530 Ma during the Cambrian explosion of multicellular life .","Pikaia gracilens ( pictured ) is a transitional fossil between invertebrates and vertebrates , and may be the earliest known chordate .","In this sense it may have been the original ancestor of fishes .","It was a primitive creature with no evidence of eyes , without a well defined head , and less than 2 inches ( 5 centimetres ) long .","Pikaia was a sideways - flattened , leaf - shaped animal that swam by throwing its body into a series of S - shaped , zig - zag curves , similar to movement of snakes .","Fish inherited the same swimming movement , but they generally have stiffer backbones .","It had a pair of large head tentacles and a series of short appendages , which may be linked to gill slits , on either side of its head .","Pikaia shows the essential prerequisites for vertebrates .","The flattened body is divided into pairs of segmented muscle blocks , seen as faint vertical lines .","The muscles lie on either side of a flexible structure resembling a rod that runs from the tip of the head to the tip of the tail ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4115009829343078438","input":"who are the characters in the black cat","passages":[{"title":"List of Black Cat characters","text":"Sephiria Arks ( \u30bb\u30d5\u30a3\u30ea\u30a2 \u30a2\u30fc\u30af\u30b9 , Sefiria \u0100kusu ) , known as Number I , is the commander of the Numbers and is trusted enough by Chronos to be given total control over killing Creed . Sephiria was one of the few members who were `` born for Chronos '' , as she stated that when she was an infant she underwent surgery to enhance her recovery time from injuries . Sven once commented that her eyes allowed her to stare into the recesses of one 's soul . This empathy is her greatest strength , which allows her to utilize her powers of manipulation to their utmost extent . She will do anything to finish her missions and will sacrifice whatever it takes in order to succeed in meeting an objective . However , she does show some inner conflict in her manipulation , even questioning Belze about her actions . She controls all of the Chronos Numbers ' actions as well as many of the independent operatives in the hunt for Creed with little interference from the Elders .","sentences":["Sephiria Arks ( \u30bb\u30d5\u30a3\u30ea\u30a2 \u30a2\u30fc\u30af\u30b9 , Sefiria \u0100kusu ) , known as Number I , is the commander of the Numbers and is trusted enough by Chronos to be given total control over killing Creed .","Sephiria was one of the few members who were `` born for Chronos '' , as she stated that when she was an infant she underwent surgery to enhance her recovery time from injuries .","Sven once commented that her eyes allowed her to stare into the recesses of one 's soul .","This empathy is her greatest strength , which allows her to utilize her powers of manipulation to their utmost extent .","She will do anything to finish her missions and will sacrifice whatever it takes in order to succeed in meeting an objective .","However , she does show some inner conflict in her manipulation , even questioning Belze about her actions .","She controls all of the Chronos Numbers ' actions as well as many of the independent operatives in the hunt for Creed with little interference from the Elders ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7401959564644127243","input":"i wanna hold your hand the beatles","passages":[{"title":"I Want to Hold Your Hand","text":"We wrote a lot of stuff together , one on one , eyeball to eyeball . Like in ' I Want to Hold Your Hand , ' I remember when we got the chord that made the song . We were in Jane Asher 's house , downstairs in the cellar playing on the piano at the same time . And we had , ' Oh you - u-u \/ got that something ... ' And Paul hits this chord and I turn to him and say , ' That 's it ! ' I said , ' Do that again ! ' In those days , we really used to absolutely write like that -- both playing into each other 's noses .","sentences":["We wrote a lot of stuff together , one on one , eyeball to eyeball .","Like in ' I Want to Hold Your Hand , ' I remember when we got the chord that made the song .","We were in Jane Asher 's house , downstairs in the cellar playing on the piano at the same time .","And we had , ' Oh you - u-u \/ got that something ... '","And Paul hits this chord and I turn to him and say , ' That 's it ! '","I said , ' Do that again ! '","In those days , we really used to absolutely write like that -- both playing into each other 's noses ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6513289585928973664","input":"description of helena in a midsummer night's dream","passages":[{"title":"Helena (A Midsummer Night's Dream)","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( November 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in - universe style . Please help rewrite it to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective . ( April 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( November 2013 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in - universe style .","Please help rewrite it to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective .","( April 2010 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1908100339730785755","input":"the maine the rough riders yellow press san juan hill","passages":[{"title":"Rough Riders Memorial","text":"A 21 - gun salute by the artillery welcomed President Roosevelt , who was accompanied by Lieutenant General S.B.M. Young ( the recently retired Chief of Staff of the United States Army ) and Major General Frank McCoy ( his military aide ) . Each band played a musical selection , and Rev. Henry A. Brown provided the invocation . The crowd sang Nearer , My God , to Thee and then Mrs. Capron unveiled the memorial as the bands played The Star Spangled Banner . President Roosevelt spoke at length about patriotism and duty , and then the Rev. Dr. Stafford provided an oration on virtue . After several more musical pieces by the bands , Rev. Brown gave the benediction . Taps was played by a bugler , and another 21 - gun salute closed the ceremony .","sentences":["A 21 - gun salute by the artillery welcomed President Roosevelt , who was accompanied by Lieutenant General S.B.M. Young ( the recently retired Chief of Staff of the United States Army ) and Major General Frank McCoy ( his military aide ) .","Each band played a musical selection , and Rev. Henry A. Brown provided the invocation .","The crowd sang Nearer , My God , to Thee and then Mrs. Capron unveiled the memorial as the bands played The Star Spangled Banner .","President Roosevelt spoke at length about patriotism and duty , and then the Rev. Dr. Stafford provided an oration on virtue .","After several more musical pieces by the bands , Rev. Brown gave the benediction .","Taps was played by a bugler , and another 21 - gun salute closed the ceremony ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1581283568276713304","input":"here i go again i hear those trumpets blow again lyrics","passages":[{"title":"Taking a Chance on Love","text":"Eddy Arnold Tony Bennett Ruby Braff Les Brown & his Orchestra Dave Brubeck Charlie Byrd Benny Carter June Christy - A Friendly Session , Vol. 2 ( 1999 ) with the Johnny Guarnieri Quintet Rosemary Clooney Alma Cogan Nat King Cole Ray Conniff Bing Crosby recorded the song in 1954 for use on his radio show and it was subsequently included in the box set The Bing Crosby CBS Radio Recordings ( 1954 - 56 ) issued by Mosaic Records ( catalog MD7 - 245 ) in 2009 . Dorothy Dandridge Buddy DeFranco Marlene Dietrich - Dass Ich Dich Wiederseh ' Kenny Drew Tommy Dorsey Anne Ducros Billy Eckstine Tal Farlow Michael Feinstein Ella Fitzgerald Helen Forrest The Four Lads Judy Garland Erroll Garner Dizzy Gillespie Benny Goodman Eydie Gorme Stephane Grappelli Buddy Greco Lance Hayward , recorded by the Bermudian pianist and released on Island Records ( 1958 ) on the very first album produced by Chris Blackwell Ted Heath Karl Otto Hoff , Kjell Johansens 15 - piece orchestra Soloist : Kjell Johansen , trumpet . Arranger : Ragnar Robertsen ( Recorded in Oslo on October 16 , 1956 and released on the 78 rpm record HMV AL 6045 ) Salena Jones Sammy Kaye Stan Kenton Teddi King - Bidin ' My Time ( 1956 ) Cleo Laine Frankie Laine Sara Lazarus Peggy Lee Guy Lombardo & His Royal Canadians ( in 1941 ; Brunswick 03187 ) Harpo Marx Johnny Mathis Susannah McCorkle Liza Minnelli Jane Monheit Gerry Mulligan Helen O'Connell Anita O'Day Renee Olstead The Osmonds Patti Page Nicholas Payton Bud Powell The Pied Pipers Rita Reys George Shearing Anne Shelton Dinah Shore Zoot Sims Frank Sinatra - Swing Easy ! ( 1954 ) Jo Stafford Rod Stewart from Thanks for the Memory : The Great American Songbook , Volume IV ( 2005 ) Sonny Stitt Barbra Streisand from The Third Album ( 1963 ) Maxine Sullivan Mel Torm\u00e9 Dionne Warwick Ethel Waters Carol Welsman Teddy Wilson Lester Young","sentences":["Eddy Arnold Tony Bennett Ruby Braff Les Brown & his Orchestra Dave Brubeck Charlie Byrd Benny Carter June Christy - A Friendly Session , Vol. 2 ( 1999 ) with the Johnny Guarnieri Quintet Rosemary Clooney Alma Cogan Nat King Cole Ray Conniff Bing Crosby recorded the song in 1954 for use on his radio show and it was subsequently included in the box set The Bing Crosby CBS Radio Recordings ( 1954 - 56 ) issued by Mosaic Records ( catalog MD7 - 245 ) in 2009 .","Dorothy Dandridge Buddy DeFranco Marlene Dietrich - Dass Ich Dich Wiederseh ' Kenny Drew Tommy Dorsey Anne Ducros Billy Eckstine Tal Farlow Michael Feinstein Ella Fitzgerald Helen Forrest The Four Lads Judy Garland Erroll Garner Dizzy Gillespie Benny Goodman Eydie Gorme Stephane Grappelli Buddy Greco Lance Hayward , recorded by the Bermudian pianist and released on Island Records ( 1958 ) on the very first album produced by Chris Blackwell Ted Heath Karl Otto Hoff , Kjell Johansens 15 - piece orchestra Soloist : Kjell Johansen , trumpet .","Arranger :","Ragnar Robertsen ( Recorded in Oslo on October 16 , 1956 and released on the 78 rpm record HMV AL 6045 )","Salena Jones Sammy Kaye Stan Kenton Teddi King - Bidin ' My Time ( 1956 )","Cleo Laine Frankie Laine Sara Lazarus Peggy Lee Guy Lombardo & His Royal Canadians ( in 1941 ; Brunswick 03187 )","Harpo Marx Johnny Mathis Susannah McCorkle Liza Minnelli Jane Monheit Gerry Mulligan Helen O'Connell Anita O'Day Renee Olstead The Osmonds Patti Page Nicholas Payton Bud Powell The Pied Pipers Rita Reys George Shearing Anne Shelton Dinah Shore Zoot Sims Frank Sinatra - Swing Easy !","( 1954 )","Jo Stafford Rod Stewart from Thanks for the Memory : The Great American Songbook , Volume IV ( 2005 )","Sonny Stitt Barbra Streisand from The Third Album ( 1963 )","Maxine Sullivan Mel Torm\u00e9 Dionne Warwick Ethel Waters Carol Welsman Teddy Wilson Lester Young"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4891441691095935384","input":"which statement provides the most accurate description of u.s foreign policy in the 1800s","passages":[{"title":"History of United States foreign policy","text":"When the Spanish Civil War erupted in 1936 , the United States remained neutral and banned arms sales to either side . This was in line with both American neutrality policies , and with a Europe - wide agreement to not sell arms for use in the Spanish war lest it escalate into a world war . Congress endorsed the embargo by a near - unanimous vote . Only armaments were embargoed ; American companies could sell oil and supplies to both sides . Roosevelt quietly favored the left - wing Republican ( or `` Loyalist '' ) government , but intense pressure by American Catholics forced him to maintain a policy of neutrality . The Catholics were outraged by the systematic torture , rape and execution of priests , bishops , and nuns by anarchist elements of the Loyalist coalition . This successful pressure on Roosevelt was one of the handful of foreign policy successes notched by Catholic pressures on the White House in the 20th century . Germany and Italy provided munitions , and air support , and troops to the Nationalists , led by Francisco Franco . The Soviet Union provided aid to the Loyalist government , and mobilized thousands of volunteers to fight , including several hundred from the United States in the Abraham Lincoln Battalion . All along the Spanish military forces supported the nationalists , and they steadily pushed the government forces back . By 1938 , however , Roosevelt was planning to secretly send American warplanes through France to the desperate Loyalists . His senior diplomats warned that this would worsen the European crisis , so Roosevelt desisted .","sentences":["When the Spanish Civil War erupted in 1936 , the United States remained neutral and banned arms sales to either side .","This was in line with both American neutrality policies , and with a Europe - wide agreement to not sell arms for use in the Spanish war lest it escalate into a world war .","Congress endorsed the embargo by a near - unanimous vote .","Only armaments were embargoed ; American companies could sell oil and supplies to both sides .","Roosevelt quietly favored the left - wing Republican ( or `` Loyalist '' ) government , but intense pressure by American Catholics forced him to maintain a policy of neutrality .","The Catholics were outraged by the systematic torture , rape and execution of priests , bishops , and nuns by anarchist elements of the Loyalist coalition .","This successful pressure on Roosevelt was one of the handful of foreign policy successes notched by Catholic pressures on the White House in the 20th century .","Germany and Italy provided munitions , and air support , and troops to the Nationalists , led by Francisco Franco .","The Soviet Union provided aid to the Loyalist government , and mobilized thousands of volunteers to fight , including several hundred from the United States in the Abraham Lincoln Battalion .","All along the Spanish military forces supported the nationalists , and they steadily pushed the government forces back .","By 1938 , however , Roosevelt was planning to secretly send American warplanes through France to the desperate Loyalists .","His senior diplomats warned that this would worsen the European crisis , so Roosevelt desisted ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5864318948083882870","input":"identify the order of greek architecture pictured here","passages":[{"title":"Ancient Greek architecture","text":"The Doric entablature is in three parts , the architrave , the frieze and the cornice . The architrave is composed of the stone lintels which span the space between the columns , with a joint occurring above the centre of each abacus . On this rests the frieze , one of the major areas of sculptural decoration . The frieze is divided into triglyphs and metopes , the triglyphs , as stated elsewhere in this article , are a reminder of the timber history of the architectural style . Each triglyph has three vertical grooves , similar to the columnar fluting , and below them , seemingly connected , are guttae , small strips that appear to connect the triglyphs to the architrave below . A triglyph is located above the centre of each capital , and above the centre of each lintel . However , at the corners of the building , the triglyphs do not fall over the centre the column . The ancient architects took a pragmatic approach to the apparent `` rules '' , simply extending the width of the last two metopes at each end of the building .","sentences":["The Doric entablature is in three parts , the architrave , the frieze and the cornice .","The architrave is composed of the stone lintels which span the space between the columns , with a joint occurring above the centre of each abacus .","On this rests the frieze , one of the major areas of sculptural decoration .","The frieze is divided into triglyphs and metopes , the triglyphs , as stated elsewhere in this article , are a reminder of the timber history of the architectural style .","Each triglyph has three vertical grooves , similar to the columnar fluting , and below them , seemingly connected , are guttae , small strips that appear to connect the triglyphs to the architrave below .","A triglyph is located above the centre of each capital , and above the centre of each lintel .","However , at the corners of the building , the triglyphs do not fall over the centre the column .","The ancient architects took a pragmatic approach to the apparent `` rules '' , simply extending the width of the last two metopes at each end of the building ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1740518925159700819","input":"a is an agreement by two or more sellers to refuse to deal with a particular person or firm","passages":[{"title":"English contract law","text":"When a contract is formed , good consideration is needed , and so a gratuitous promise is not binding . That said , while consideration must be of sufficient value in the law 's eyes , it need not reflect an adequate price . Proverbially , one may sell a house for as little as a peppercorn , even if the seller `` does not like pepper and will throw away the corn . '' This means the courts do not generally enquire into the fairness of the exchange , unless there is statutory regulation or ( in specific contexts such as for consumers , employment , or tenancies ) there are two parties of unequal bargaining power . Another difficulty is that consideration for a deal was said not to exist if the thing given was an act done before the promise , such as promising to pay off a loan for money already used to educate a girl . In this situation the courts have long shown themselves willing to hold that the thing done was implicitly relying on the expectation of a reward . More significant problems arise where parties to a contract wish to vary its terms . The old rule , predating the development of the protections in the law of economic duress , was that if one side merely promises to perform a duty which she had already undertaken in return for a higher price , there is no contract . However , in the leading case of Williams v Roffey Bros & Nicholls ( Contractors ) Ltd , the Court of Appeal held that it would be more ready to construe someone performing essentially what they were bound to do before as giving consideration for the new deal if they conferred a `` practical benefit '' on the other side . So , when Williams , a carpenter , was promised by Roffey Bros , the builders , more money to complete work on time , it was held that because Roffey Bros would avoid having to pay a penalty clause for late completion of its own contract , would potentially avoid the expense of litigation and had a slightly more sensible mechanism for payments , these were enough . Speaking of consideration , Russell LJ stated that , `` courts nowadays should be more ready to find its existence ... where the bargaining powers are not unequal and where the finding of consideration reflects the true intention of the parties . '' In other words , in the context of contractual variations , the definition of consideration has been watered down . However , in one situation the `` practical benefit '' analysis can not be invoked , namely where the agreed variation is to reduce debt repayments . In Foakes v Beer , the House of Lords held that even though Mrs Beer promised Mr Foakes he could pay back \u00a3 2090 19 s by instalment and without interest , she could subsequently change her mind and demand the whole sum . Despite Lord Blackburn registering a note of dissent in that case and other doubts , the Court of Appeal held in Re Selectmove Ltd , that it was bound by the precedent of the Lords and could not deploy the `` practical benefit '' reasoning of Williams for any debt repayment cases .","sentences":["When a contract is formed , good consideration is needed , and so a gratuitous promise is not binding .","That said , while consideration must be of sufficient value in the law 's eyes , it need not reflect an adequate price .","Proverbially , one may sell a house for as little as a peppercorn , even if the seller `` does not like pepper and will throw away the corn . ''","This means the courts do not generally enquire into the fairness of the exchange , unless there is statutory regulation or ( in specific contexts such as for consumers , employment , or tenancies ) there are two parties of unequal bargaining power .","Another difficulty is that consideration for a deal was said not to exist if the thing given was an act done before the promise , such as promising to pay off a loan for money already used to educate a girl .","In this situation the courts have long shown themselves willing to hold that the thing done was implicitly relying on the expectation of a reward .","More significant problems arise where parties to a contract wish to vary its terms .","The old rule , predating the development of the protections in the law of economic duress , was that if one side merely promises to perform a duty which she had already undertaken in return for a higher price , there is no contract .","However , in the leading case of Williams v Roffey Bros & Nicholls ( Contractors ) Ltd , the Court of Appeal held that it would be more ready to construe someone performing essentially what they were bound to do before as giving consideration for the new deal if they conferred a `` practical benefit '' on the other side .","So , when Williams , a carpenter , was promised by Roffey Bros , the builders , more money to complete work on time , it was held that because Roffey Bros would avoid having to pay a penalty clause for late completion of its own contract , would potentially avoid the expense of litigation and had a slightly more sensible mechanism for payments , these were enough .","Speaking of consideration , Russell LJ stated that , `` courts nowadays should be more ready to find its existence ... where the bargaining powers are not unequal and where the finding of consideration reflects the true intention of the parties . ''","In other words , in the context of contractual variations , the definition of consideration has been watered down .","However , in one situation the `` practical benefit '' analysis can not be invoked , namely where the agreed variation is to reduce debt repayments .","In Foakes v Beer , the House of Lords held that even though Mrs Beer promised Mr Foakes he could pay back \u00a3 2090 19 s by instalment and without interest , she could subsequently change her mind and demand the whole sum .","Despite Lord Blackburn registering a note of dissent in that case and other doubts , the Court of Appeal held in Re Selectmove Ltd , that it was bound by the precedent of the Lords and could not deploy the `` practical benefit '' reasoning of Williams for any debt repayment cases ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8791490979070670836","input":"the wolfman 2010 full movie in hindi part 2","passages":[{"title":"The Wolfman (2010 film)","text":"In February 2007 , director Mark Romanek was attached to helm The Wolfman . Romanek 's original vision was to `` infuse a balance of cinema in a popcorn movie scenario '' , stating , `` When there 's a certain amount of money involved , these things make studios and producers a little nervous . They do n't necessarily understand it or they feel that the balance will swing too far to something esoteric , and we could never come to an agreement on the right balance for that type of thing . Ultimately it made more sense for them to find a director that was gon na fulfill their idea of the film that they wanted , and we just sort of parted ways . '' In January 2008 , Romanek left the project because of creative differences . Brett Ratner emerged as a frontrunner to replace Romanek , but the studio also met with Frank Darabont , James Mangold and Joe Johnston . They were also interested in Bill Condon , and Martin Campbell was interested . Johnston was hired to direct on 3 February 2008 , and the film 's shooting schedule and budget remained as intended . Johnston hired David Self to rewrite the script .","sentences":["In February 2007 , director Mark Romanek was attached to helm The Wolfman .","Romanek 's original vision was to `` infuse a balance of cinema in a popcorn movie scenario '' , stating , `` When there 's a certain amount of money involved , these things make studios and producers a little nervous .","They do n't necessarily understand it or they feel that the balance will swing too far to something esoteric , and we could never come to an agreement on the right balance for that type of thing .","Ultimately it made more sense for them to find a director that was gon na fulfill their idea of the film that they wanted , and we just sort of parted ways . ''","In January 2008 , Romanek left the project because of creative differences .","Brett Ratner emerged as a frontrunner to replace Romanek , but the studio also met with Frank Darabont , James Mangold and Joe Johnston .","They were also interested in Bill Condon , and Martin Campbell was interested .","Johnston was hired to direct on 3 February 2008 , and the film 's shooting schedule and budget remained as intended .","Johnston hired David Self to rewrite the script ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-840010953816598956","input":"who argued that as a philosopher he was committed to radical skepticism","passages":[{"title":"Philosophical skepticism","text":"`` The Debate on the Joy of Fish '' ( \u77e5 \u9c7c \u4e4b \u4e50 ) : In this anecdote , Zhuang Zhou argued with his fellow philosopher Hui Shi on if they knew the fish in the pond was happy or not , and Zhuang Zhou said the famous sentence that `` You are not I . How do you know that I do not know that the fish are happy ? '' ( Autumn Floods \u79cb\u6c34 \u7bc7 , Zhuangzi ) `` The Butterfly of the Dream '' ( \u5468\u516c \u68a6 \u8776 ) : The paradox of `` Butterfly Dream '' described Zhuang Zhou 's confusion after dreaming himself to be a butterfly : `` But he did n't know if he was Zhuang Zhou who had dreamt he was a butterfly , or a butterfly dreaming that he was Zhuang Zhou . '' ( Discussion on Making All Things Equal \u9f50 \u7269 \u7bc7 , Zhuangzi )","sentences":["`` The Debate on the Joy of Fish '' ( \u77e5 \u9c7c \u4e4b \u4e50 ) :","In this anecdote , Zhuang Zhou argued with his fellow philosopher Hui Shi on if they knew the fish in the pond was happy or not , and Zhuang Zhou said the famous sentence that `` You are not I .","How do you know that I do not know that the fish are happy ? ''","( Autumn Floods \u79cb\u6c34 \u7bc7 , Zhuangzi )","`` The Butterfly of the Dream '' ( \u5468\u516c \u68a6 \u8776 ) :","The paradox of `` Butterfly Dream '' described Zhuang Zhou 's confusion after dreaming himself to be a butterfly : `` But he did n't know if he was Zhuang Zhou who had dreamt he was a butterfly , or a butterfly dreaming that he was Zhuang Zhou . ''","( Discussion on Making All Things Equal \u9f50 \u7269 \u7bc7 , Zhuangzi )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3504996374822071029","input":"when was the first accurate world map made","passages":[{"title":"Early world maps","text":"Johannes Ruysch an explorer , cartographer , astronomer and painter from the Low Countries produced the second oldest known printed representation of the New World . The Ruysch map was published and widely distributed in 1507 . It uses Ptolemy 's coniform projection , as does the Contarini - Rosselli 1506 map . Both document Christopher Columbus ' discoveries as well as that of John Cabot , including information from Portuguese sources and Marco Polo 's account . There are notes on his map that clearly were from Portuguese sources . Newfoundland and Cuba are shown connected to Asia , as Columbus and Cabot believed . `` Sipganus '' ( Marco Polo 's Japan ) is identical with `` Spagnola '' ( Hispaniola ) on the Ruysch map . The presence of codfish is noted on the Ruysch map in the area of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland and shows the discoveries the Portuguese had made along the African coast and shows India as a triangular peninsula with Ceylon in the correct proportion and position . Greenland is shown connected to Newfoundland and Asia on Ruysch 's map , and not Europe as earlier maps had showed . Around the north pole , Ruysch drew islands , based on reports in the book Inventio Fortunata of the English friar Nicholas of Lynne . Interestingly , the island above Norway shows remarkable similarities to Svalbard , which would not be discovered until 1597 ( by Willem Barents ) . Ruysch calls it ' European Hyberborea ' and a peninsula stretching out towards it is clearly marked with the church of ' Sancti Odulfi ' , St Olaf 's church in Vard\u00f8 on the Finnmark coast .","sentences":["Johannes Ruysch an explorer , cartographer , astronomer and painter from the Low Countries produced the second oldest known printed representation of the New World .","The Ruysch map was published and widely distributed in 1507 .","It uses Ptolemy 's coniform projection , as does the Contarini - Rosselli 1506 map .","Both document Christopher Columbus ' discoveries as well as that of John Cabot , including information from Portuguese sources and Marco Polo 's account .","There are notes on his map that clearly were from Portuguese sources .","Newfoundland and Cuba are shown connected to Asia , as Columbus and Cabot believed .","`` Sipganus '' ( Marco Polo 's Japan ) is identical with `` Spagnola '' ( Hispaniola ) on the Ruysch map .","The presence of codfish is noted on the Ruysch map in the area of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland and shows the discoveries the Portuguese had made along the African coast and shows India as a triangular peninsula with Ceylon in the correct proportion and position .","Greenland is shown connected to Newfoundland and Asia on Ruysch 's map , and not Europe as earlier maps had showed .","Around the north pole , Ruysch drew islands , based on reports in the book Inventio Fortunata of the English friar Nicholas of Lynne .","Interestingly , the island above Norway shows remarkable similarities to Svalbard , which would not be discovered until 1597 ( by Willem Barents ) .","Ruysch calls it ' European Hyberborea ' and a peninsula stretching out towards it is clearly marked with the church of ' Sancti Odulfi ' , St Olaf 's church in Vard\u00f8 on the Finnmark coast ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6876246161166359293","input":"what led to a decline in great zimbabwe (5 points)","passages":[{"title":"Zimbabwe","text":"Several authors are well known within Zimbabwe and abroad . Charles Mungoshi is renowned in Zimbabwe for writing traditional stories in English and in Shona and his poems and books have sold well with both the black and white communities . Catherine Buckle has achieved international recognition with her two books African Tears and Beyond Tears which tell of the ordeal she went through under the 2000 Land Reform . The first Prime Minister of Rhodesia , Ian Smith , wrote two books -- The Great Betrayal and Bitter Harvest . The book The House of Hunger by Dambudzo Marechera won an award in the UK in 1979 and the Nobel Prize - winning author Doris Lessing 's first novel The Grass Is Singing , the first four volumes of The Children of Violence sequence , as well as the collection of short stories African Stories are set in Rhodesia . In 2013 NoViolet Bulawayo 's novel We Need New Names was shortlisted for the Booker Prize . The novel tells the story of the devastation and emigration caused by the brutal suppression of Zimbabwean civilians during the Gukurahundi in the early 1980s .","sentences":["Several authors are well known within Zimbabwe and abroad .","Charles Mungoshi is renowned in Zimbabwe for writing traditional stories in English and in Shona and his poems and books have sold well with both the black and white communities .","Catherine Buckle has achieved international recognition with her two books African Tears and Beyond Tears which tell of the ordeal she went through under the 2000 Land Reform .","The first Prime Minister of Rhodesia , Ian Smith , wrote two books -- The Great Betrayal and Bitter Harvest .","The book The House of Hunger by Dambudzo Marechera won an award in the UK in 1979 and the Nobel Prize - winning author Doris Lessing 's first novel The Grass Is Singing , the first four volumes of The Children of Violence sequence , as well as the collection of short stories African Stories are set in Rhodesia .","In 2013 NoViolet Bulawayo 's novel We Need New Names was shortlisted for the Booker Prize .","The novel tells the story of the devastation and emigration caused by the brutal suppression of Zimbabwean civilians during the Gukurahundi in the early 1980s ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8517083452857922233","input":"who did develop the abandonment stage in the plc","passages":[{"title":"Product life-cycle theory","text":"By this time in the product 's life cycle , the characteristics of the product itself and of the production process are well known ; the product is familiar to consumers and the production process to producers . This occurs when the product peaks in the maturity stage and then begins a downward slide in sales . Eventually , revenues drop to the point where it is no longer economically feasible to continue making the product . Investment is minimized . The product can simply be discontinued , or it can be sold to another company . Production may shift to the developing countries . Labor costs again play an important role , and the developed countries are busy introducing other products . For instance , the trade pattern shows that the United States and other developed countries have now started importing the product from the developing countries .","sentences":["By this time in the product 's life cycle , the characteristics of the product itself and of the production process are well known ; the product is familiar to consumers and the production process to producers .","This occurs when the product peaks in the maturity stage and then begins a downward slide in sales .","Eventually , revenues drop to the point where it is no longer economically feasible to continue making the product .","Investment is minimized .","The product can simply be discontinued , or it can be sold to another company .","Production may shift to the developing countries .","Labor costs again play an important role , and the developed countries are busy introducing other products .","For instance , the trade pattern shows that the United States and other developed countries have now started importing the product from the developing countries ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-384140666149993770","input":"what movies does ll cool j die in","passages":[{"title":"LL Cool J","text":"He began rapping at the age of 9 , influenced by the hip - hop group The Treacherous Three . In March 1984 , sixteen - year - old Smith was creating demo tapes in his grandparents ' home . His grandfather , a jazz saxophonist , bought him $2,000 worth of equipment , including two turntables , an audio mixer and an amplifier . Smith stated that `` By the time I got that equipment , I was already a rapper . In this neighborhood , the kids grow up in rap . It 's like speaking Spanish if you grow up in an all - Spanish house . I got into it when I was about 9 , and since then all I wanted was to make a record and hear it on the radio . '' This was at the same time that NYU student Rick Rubin and promoter - manager Russell Simmons founded the then - independent Def Jam label . By using the mixer he had received from his grandfather , Smith produced and mixed his own demos and sent them to various record companies throughout New York City , including Def Jam .","sentences":["He began rapping at the age of 9 , influenced by the hip - hop group The Treacherous Three .","In March 1984 , sixteen - year - old Smith was creating demo tapes in his grandparents ' home .","His grandfather , a jazz saxophonist , bought him $2,000 worth of equipment , including two turntables , an audio mixer and an amplifier .","Smith stated that `` By the time I got that equipment , I was already a rapper .","In this neighborhood , the kids grow up in rap .","It 's like speaking Spanish if you grow up in an all - Spanish house .","I got into it when I was about 9 , and since then all I wanted was to make a record and hear it on the radio . ''","This was at the same time that NYU student Rick Rubin and promoter - manager Russell Simmons founded the then - independent Def Jam label .","By using the mixer he had received from his grandfather , Smith produced and mixed his own demos and sent them to various record companies throughout New York City , including Def Jam ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"9124892537216058666","input":"the number of buckets on the periphery of a pelton wheel is given by","passages":[{"title":"Pelton wheel","text":"n ( \\ displaystyle n ) = Frequency of rotation ( rpm ) P ( \\ displaystyle P ) = Power ( W ) H ( \\ displaystyle H ) = Water head ( m ) \u03c1 ( \\ displaystyle \\ rho ) = Density ( kg \/ m )","sentences":["n ( \\ displaystyle n )","= Frequency of rotation ( rpm )","P ( \\ displaystyle P ) = Power ( W ) H ( \\ displaystyle H ) =","Water head ( m )","\u03c1","( \\ displaystyle \\ rho )","= Density ( kg \/ m )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6417536714288669849","input":"why is there a black baby on this is us","passages":[{"title":"One-drop rule","text":"The one - drop rule and its consequences have been the subject of numerous works of popular culture . The American musical Show Boat ( 1927 ) opens in 1887 on a Mississippi River boat , after the Reconstruction era and imposition of racial segregation and Jim Crow in the South . Steve , a white man married to a mixed - race woman who passes as white , is pursued by a Southern sheriff . He intends to arrest Steve and charge him with miscegenation for being married to a woman of partly black ancestry . Steve pricks his wife 's finger and swallows some of her blood . When the sheriff arrives , Steve asks him whether he would consider a man to be white if he had `` negro blood '' in him . The sheriff replies that `` one drop of Negro blood makes you a Negro in these parts '' . Steve tells the sheriff that he has `` more than a drop of negro blood in me '' . After being assured by others that Steve is telling the truth , the sheriff leaves without arresting Steve .","sentences":["The one - drop rule and its consequences have been the subject of numerous works of popular culture .","The American musical Show Boat ( 1927 ) opens in 1887 on a Mississippi River boat , after the Reconstruction era and imposition of racial segregation and Jim Crow in the South .","Steve , a white man married to a mixed - race woman who passes as white , is pursued by a Southern sheriff .","He intends to arrest Steve and charge him with miscegenation for being married to a woman of partly black ancestry .","Steve pricks his wife 's finger and swallows some of her blood .","When the sheriff arrives , Steve asks him whether he would consider a man to be white if he had `` negro blood '' in him .","The sheriff replies that `` one drop of Negro blood makes you a Negro in these parts '' .","Steve tells the sheriff that he has `` more than a drop of negro blood in me '' .","After being assured by others that Steve is telling the truth , the sheriff leaves without arresting Steve ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2989263554359199863","input":"discuss five ways in which political parties compete for power","passages":[{"title":"Political party","text":"Political change is often easier with a coalition government than in one - party or two - party dominant systems . If factions in a two - party system are in fundamental disagreement on policy goals , or even principles , they can be slow to make policy changes , which appears to be the case now in the U.S. with power split between Democrats and Republicans . Still coalition governments struggle , sometimes for years , to change policy and often fail altogether , post World War II France and Italy being prime examples . When one party in a two - party system controls all elective branches , however , policy changes can be both swift and significant . Democrats Woodrow Wilson , Franklin Roosevelt and Lyndon Johnson were beneficiaries of such fortuitous circumstances , as were Republicans as far removed in time as Abraham Lincoln and Ronald Reagan . Barack Obama briefly had such an advantage between 2009 and 2011 . As of 2017 , President Donald Trump currently enjoys Republican control of both the house and senate .","sentences":["Political change is often easier with a coalition government than in one - party or two - party dominant systems .","If factions in a two - party system are in fundamental disagreement on policy goals , or even principles , they can be slow to make policy changes , which appears to be the case now in the U.S. with power split between Democrats and Republicans .","Still coalition governments struggle , sometimes for years , to change policy and often fail altogether , post World War II France and Italy being prime examples .","When one party in a two - party system controls all elective branches , however , policy changes can be both swift and significant .","Democrats Woodrow Wilson , Franklin Roosevelt and Lyndon Johnson were beneficiaries of such fortuitous circumstances , as were Republicans as far removed in time as Abraham Lincoln and Ronald Reagan .","Barack Obama briefly had such an advantage between 2009 and 2011 .","As of 2017 , President Donald Trump currently enjoys Republican control of both the house and senate ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1649915569925220418","input":"cities in europe that were once greek colonies","passages":[{"title":"Colonies in antiquity","text":"The relation between colony and mother - city , known literally as the metropolis , was viewed as one of mutual affection . Any differences that arose were resolved by peaceful means whenever possible , war being deemed excusable only in cases of extreme necessity . It is worth noting that the Peloponnesian War was in part a result of a dispute between Corinth and her colony of Corcyra ( Corfu ) . The charter of foundation contained general provisions for the arrangement of the affairs of the colony , and also some special enactments . The constitution of the mother - city was usually adopted by the colony , but the new city remained politically independent . The `` holy fire '' of the metropolis was preserved in a special place to remind people of the common ties . If the colony sent out a fresh colony on its own account , the mother - city was generally consulted , or was at least requested to furnish a leader . Frequently the colonies declaring their commitment to the various metropolitic alliances formed in the Greek mainland and for religious reasons would pay tribute in religious centres , like Delphi , Olympia or Delos .","sentences":["The relation between colony and mother - city , known literally as the metropolis , was viewed as one of mutual affection .","Any differences that arose were resolved by peaceful means whenever possible , war being deemed excusable only in cases of extreme necessity .","It is worth noting that the Peloponnesian War was in part a result of a dispute between Corinth and her colony of Corcyra ( Corfu ) .","The charter of foundation contained general provisions for the arrangement of the affairs of the colony , and also some special enactments .","The constitution of the mother - city was usually adopted by the colony , but the new city remained politically independent .","The `` holy fire '' of the metropolis was preserved in a special place to remind people of the common ties .","If the colony sent out a fresh colony on its own account , the mother - city was generally consulted , or was at least requested to furnish a leader .","Frequently the colonies declaring their commitment to the various metropolitic alliances formed in the Greek mainland and for religious reasons would pay tribute in religious centres , like Delphi , Olympia or Delos ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4168517985667240970","input":"what led to european exploration of the americas","passages":[{"title":"European colonization of the Americas","text":"In the French colonial regions , the focus of economy was on sugar plantations in Caribbean . In Canada the fur trade with the natives was important . About 16,000 French men and women became colonizers . The great majority became subsistence farmers along the St. Lawrence River . With a favorable disease environment and plenty of land and food , their numbers grew exponentially to 65,000 by 1760 . Their colony was taken over by Britain in 1760 , but social , religious , legal , cultural and economic changes were few in a society that clung tightly to its recently formed traditions .","sentences":["In the French colonial regions , the focus of economy was on sugar plantations in Caribbean .","In Canada the fur trade with the natives was important .","About 16,000 French men and women became colonizers .","The great majority became subsistence farmers along the St. Lawrence River .","With a favorable disease environment and plenty of land and food , their numbers grew exponentially to 65,000 by 1760 .","Their colony was taken over by Britain in 1760 , but social , religious , legal , cultural and economic changes were few in a society that clung tightly to its recently formed traditions ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8316486700008087091","input":"what is the national geographic channel on spectrum","passages":[{"title":"National Geographic (U.S. TV channel)","text":"Slogan The places we take you are n't just on a map . ( 1994 -- 2005 ) Live Curious. ( 2005 -- 2007 ) Think again . ( 2007 -- 2009 ) Dare to Explore. ( 2009 -- 2012 ) This is Who We Are . ( 2012 -- 2016 ) Further . ( 2016 -- present )","sentences":["Slogan The places we take you are n't just on a map .","( 1994 -- 2005 )","Live Curious.","( 2005 -- 2007 ) Think again .","( 2007 -- 2009 ) Dare to Explore.","( 2009 -- 2012 )","This is Who We Are .","( 2012 -- 2016 )","Further .","( 2016 -- present )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5680650837323348510","input":"where does the wedding take place in the devil's arithmetic","passages":[{"title":"The Devil's Arithmetic","text":"Later , when Hannah , Rivka , Esther , and Shifre are working , a guard overhears them talking instead of working . Shifre tries to reassure the guard they have been working , but he takes them anyway and leaves Hannah by herself . As the three are about to leave , Hannah takes Rivka 's place by putting on her babushka . Since the guards do n't know their faces , this goes unnoticed by the officer . The women are led to the gas chamber . She is then transported back to her family 's Seder . Aunt Eva calls her over . Hannah looks at Aunt Eva 's number ; it is the same as Rivka 's .","sentences":["Later , when Hannah , Rivka , Esther , and Shifre are working , a guard overhears them talking instead of working .","Shifre tries to reassure the guard they have been working , but he takes them anyway and leaves Hannah by herself .","As the three are about to leave , Hannah takes Rivka 's place by putting on her babushka .","Since the guards do n't know their faces , this goes unnoticed by the officer .","The women are led to the gas chamber .","She is then transported back to her family 's Seder .","Aunt Eva calls her over .","Hannah looks at Aunt Eva 's number ; it is the same as Rivka 's ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6661994308393371524","input":"how many blocks does hassan whiteside have in his career","passages":[{"title":"Hassan Whiteside","text":"Hassan Whiteside Whiteside with the Heat in 2016 No. 21 -- Miami Heat Position Center League NBA ( 1989 - 06 - 13 ) June 13 , 1989 ( age 28 ) Gastonia , North Carolina Nationality American Listed height 7 ft 0 in ( 2.13 m ) Listed weight 265 lb ( 120 kg ) Career information High school The Patterson School ( Lenoir , North Carolina ) College Marshall ( 2009 -- 2010 ) NBA draft 2010 \/ Round : 2 \/ Pick : 33rd overall Selected by the Sacramento Kings Playing career 2010 -- present Career history 2010 -- 2012 Sacramento Kings 2010 -- 2012 \u2192 Reno Bighorns 2012 -- 2013 Sioux Falls Skyforce 2013 Rio Grande Valley Vipers 2013 Amchit Club 2013 Sichuan Blue Whales 2013 -- 2014 Al Mouttahed Tripoli 2014 Jiangsu Tongxi 2014 Iowa Energy 2014 -- present Miami Heat 2014 \u2192 Sioux Falls Skyforce Career highlights and awards NBA All - Defensive Second Team ( 2016 ) NBA rebounding leader ( 2017 ) NBA blocks leader ( 2016 ) NBA D - League champion ( 2013 ) NBL champion ( 2013 ) Second - team All - Conference USA ( 2010 ) Conference USA Defensive Player of the Year ( 2010 ) Conference USA Freshman of the Year ( 2010 )","sentences":["Hassan Whiteside Whiteside with the Heat in 2016 No. 21 -- Miami Heat Position Center League NBA ( 1989 - 06 - 13 ) June 13 , 1989 ( age 28 )","Gastonia , North Carolina Nationality American Listed height 7 ft 0 in ( 2.13 m )","Listed weight 265 lb ( 120 kg )","Career information High school The Patterson School ( Lenoir , North Carolina ) College Marshall ( 2009 -- 2010 )","NBA draft 2010 \/ Round : 2 \/ Pick :","33rd overall Selected by the Sacramento Kings Playing career 2010 -- present Career history 2010 -- 2012 Sacramento Kings 2010 -- 2012 \u2192 Reno Bighorns 2012 -- 2013 Sioux Falls Skyforce 2013 Rio Grande Valley Vipers 2013 Amchit Club 2013 Sichuan Blue Whales 2013 -- 2014 Al Mouttahed Tripoli 2014 Jiangsu Tongxi 2014 Iowa Energy 2014 -- present Miami Heat 2014 \u2192 Sioux Falls Skyforce Career highlights and awards NBA All - Defensive Second Team ( 2016 )","NBA rebounding leader ( 2017 )","NBA blocks leader ( 2016 )","NBA D - League champion ( 2013 ) NBL champion ( 2013 )","Second - team All - Conference USA ( 2010 ) Conference USA Defensive Player of the Year ( 2010 )","Conference USA Freshman of the Year ( 2010 )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4410921927275438206","input":"rime of the ancient mariner lyrics samuel taylor coleridge","passages":[{"title":"The Rime of the Ancient Mariner","text":"The rotten remains of the ship sink in a whirlpool , leaving only the mariner behind . A hermit on the mainland had seen the approaching ship and had come to meet it with a pilot and his boy , in a boat . When they pull him from the water , they think he is dead , but when he opens his mouth , the pilot has a fit . The hermit prays , and the mariner picks up the oars to row . The pilot 's boy goes crazy and laughs , thinking the mariner is the devil , and cries , `` The Devil knows how to row '' . As penance for shooting the albatross , the mariner , driven by guilt , is forced to wander the earth , telling his story over and over , and teaching a lesson to those he meets :","sentences":["The rotten remains of the ship sink in a whirlpool , leaving only the mariner behind .","A hermit on the mainland had seen the approaching ship and had come to meet it with a pilot and his boy , in a boat .","When they pull him from the water , they think he is dead , but when he opens his mouth , the pilot has a fit .","The hermit prays , and the mariner picks up the oars to row .","The pilot 's boy goes crazy and laughs , thinking the mariner is the devil , and cries , `` The Devil knows how to row '' .","As penance for shooting the albatross , the mariner , driven by guilt , is forced to wander the earth , telling his story over and over , and teaching a lesson to those he meets :"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"412803603278731041","input":"how many copies of holes have been sold","passages":[{"title":"Holes (novel)","text":"Katherine Barlow ( Kissin ' Kate Barlow ) : Katherine Barlow is a sweet and intelligent woman who teaches in a one - room school house on Green Lake one hundred and ten years before it becomes Camp Green Lake . She falls in love with Sam , the man who sells onions in the town . Although the rest of the white people in the town are racist and enforce rules that prohibit black people from going to school , Kate , who is white , does not care about the color of a person 's skin and she loves Sam for the person that he is . When Kate and Sam kiss , the townsfolk grow angry and kill Sam . Kate is devastated by Sam 's death and becomes Kissin ' Kate Barlow , one of the most feared outlaws in the West . Kissin ' Kate always leaves her mark by kissing someone when she finishes killing them ; if she had only robbed them , she would leave them in the hot desert letting the yellow - spotted lizards bite the victim with their venomous teeth and kill them . She is the outlaw responsible for robbing Stanley Yelnats I ( Stanley 's ancestor ) . Kate dies when a yellow spotted lizard bites her foot . The lipstick tube that Stanley finds during his second week at Camp Green was owned by Kate Barlow .","sentences":["Katherine Barlow ( Kissin ' Kate Barlow ) :","Katherine Barlow is a sweet and intelligent woman who teaches in a one - room school house on Green Lake one hundred and ten years before it becomes Camp Green Lake .","She falls in love with Sam , the man who sells onions in the town .","Although the rest of the white people in the town are racist and enforce rules that prohibit black people from going to school , Kate , who is white , does not care about the color of a person 's skin and she loves Sam for the person that he is .","When Kate and Sam kiss , the townsfolk grow angry and kill Sam .","Kate is devastated by Sam 's death and becomes Kissin ' Kate Barlow , one of the most feared outlaws in the West .","Kissin ' Kate always leaves her mark by kissing someone when she finishes killing them ; if she had only robbed them , she would leave them in the hot desert letting the yellow - spotted lizards bite the victim with their venomous teeth and kill them .","She is the outlaw responsible for robbing Stanley Yelnats I ( Stanley 's ancestor ) .","Kate dies when a yellow spotted lizard bites her foot .","The lipstick tube that Stanley finds during his second week at Camp Green was owned by Kate Barlow ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5319991520996470660","input":"1. what are five duties of political parties","passages":[{"title":"Political campaign","text":"Traditional ground campaigning and voter contacts remain the most effective strategies . Some research suggests that knocking on doors can increase turnout by as much as 10 % and phone calls by as much as 4 % . One study suggests that lawn signs increase vote share by 1.7 percentage points . A review of more than 200 get - out - the - vote experiments finds that The most effective tactics are personal : Door - to - door canvassing increases turnout by an average of about 2.5 percentage points ; volunteer phone calls raise it by about 1.9 points , compared to 1.0 points for calls from commercial phone banks ; automated phone messages are ineffective . Each field office that the Obama campaign opened in 2012 gave him approximately a 0.3 % greater vote share . The Obama 2008 campaign 's use of field most offices has been credited as crucial in winning Indiana and North Carolina . According to one study , the cost per vote by having a field office is $49.40 . Using out - of - state volunteers for canvassing is less effective in increasing turnout than using local and trained volunteers .","sentences":["Traditional ground campaigning and voter contacts remain the most effective strategies .","Some research suggests that knocking on doors can increase turnout by as much as 10 % and phone calls by as much as 4 % .","One study suggests that lawn signs increase vote share by 1.7 percentage points .","A review of more than 200 get - out - the - vote experiments finds that The most effective tactics are personal : Door - to - door canvassing increases turnout by an average of about 2.5 percentage points ; volunteer phone calls raise it by about 1.9 points , compared to 1.0 points for calls from commercial phone banks ; automated phone messages are ineffective .","Each field office that the Obama campaign opened in 2012 gave him approximately a 0.3 % greater vote share .","The Obama 2008 campaign 's use of field most offices has been credited as crucial in winning Indiana and North Carolina .","According to one study , the cost per vote by having a field office is $49.40 .","Using out - of - state volunteers for canvassing is less effective in increasing turnout than using local and trained volunteers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7458446576790683655","input":"how to explain the genre of a book","passages":[{"title":"Novel","text":"The 20th century novels deals with a wide range of subject matter . Erich Maria Remarque 's All Quiet on the Western Front ( 1928 ) focusses on young German 's experiences of World War I . The Jazz Age is explored by American F. Scott Fitzgerald , and the Great Depression by fellow American John Steinbeck . The rise of totalitarian states is the subject of British writer George Orwell . France 's existentialism is the subject of French writers Jean - Paul Sartre 's Nausea ( 1938 ) and Albert Camus ' The Stranger ( 1942 ) . The counterculture of the 1960s led to revived interest in Hermann Hesse 's Steppenwolf ( 1927 ) , and produced such iconic works of its own like Ken Kesey 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest and Thomas Pynchon 's Gravity 's Rainbow . Novelist have also been interested in the subject of racial and gender identity in recent decades . Jesse Kavadlo of Maryville University of St. Louis has described Chuck Palahniuk 's Fight Club ( 1996 ) as `` a closeted feminist critique '' . Virginia Woolf , Simone de Beauvoir , Doris Lessing , Elfriede Jelinek were feminist voices during this period .","sentences":["The 20th century novels deals with a wide range of subject matter .","Erich Maria Remarque 's All Quiet on the Western Front ( 1928 )","focusses on young German 's experiences of World War I .","The Jazz Age is explored by American F. Scott Fitzgerald , and the Great Depression by fellow American John Steinbeck .","The rise of totalitarian states is the subject of British writer George Orwell .","France 's existentialism is the subject of French writers Jean - Paul Sartre 's Nausea ( 1938 ) and Albert Camus ' The Stranger ( 1942 ) .","The counterculture of the 1960s led to revived interest in Hermann Hesse 's Steppenwolf ( 1927 ) , and produced such iconic works of its own like Ken Kesey 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest and Thomas Pynchon 's Gravity 's Rainbow .","Novelist have also been interested in the subject of racial and gender identity in recent decades .","Jesse Kavadlo of Maryville University of St. Louis has described Chuck Palahniuk 's Fight Club ( 1996 ) as `` a closeted feminist critique '' .","Virginia Woolf , Simone de Beauvoir , Doris Lessing , Elfriede Jelinek were feminist voices during this period ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5888271229974355889","input":"why are there so many spider webs in the trees","passages":[{"title":"Spider web","text":"This section does not cite any sources . Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( January 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) A","sentences":["This section does not cite any sources .","Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( January 2011 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","A"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8876222059235568791","input":"what happened to berlin's daughter on the blacklist","passages":[{"title":"The Decembrist","text":"Commentators gave the episode highly positive reviews , saying that the episode lived up to its anticipation . Jodi Walker of Entertainment Weekly gave the episode a highly positive review , commenting mainly on the episode 's anticipation paying off , saying `` Does The Blacklist still have it ? This season 's self - proclaimed `` huge reveals '' have all been largely foreshadowed in previews and Voice commercial breaks : Tom behind the door , Zoe as Berlin 's daughter , Fitch as Berlin and Red 's common enemy . But , The Blacklist stuck the landing where it counted tonight , when we finally got to see what all of those reveals mean to the world of Red and Lizzie , . After the plethora of reveals in the last 10 minutes -- or as NBC marketing would say , `` You wo n't believe the . LAST . TEN . MINUTES '' -- my jaw has resumed its formerly gaping position . '' Brent Furdyk of ET Canada said `` the gripping thriller ended the first half of its second season in true over-the - top fashion with two major characters biting the dust . ''","sentences":["Commentators gave the episode highly positive reviews , saying that the episode lived up to its anticipation .","Jodi Walker of Entertainment Weekly gave the episode a highly positive review , commenting mainly on the episode 's anticipation paying off , saying `` Does The Blacklist still have it ?","This season 's self - proclaimed `` huge reveals '' have all been largely foreshadowed in previews and Voice commercial breaks :","Tom behind the door , Zoe as Berlin 's daughter , Fitch as Berlin and Red 's common enemy .","But , The Blacklist stuck the landing where it counted tonight , when we finally got to see what all of those reveals mean to the world of Red and Lizzie , .","After the plethora of reveals in the last 10 minutes -- or as NBC marketing would say , `` You wo n't believe the .","LAST .","TEN .","MINUTES '' -- my jaw has resumed its formerly gaping position . ''","Brent Furdyk of ET Canada said `` the gripping thriller ended the first half of its second season in true over-the - top fashion with two major characters biting the dust . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"229026447453392557","input":"when do new episodes of boruto come out","passages":[{"title":"List of Boruto: Naruto Next Generations episodes","text":"Boruto notices that the mysterious power in his eye is not activating for some weeks . Sai tells Naruto and Shikamaru that Sumire has confessed everything and the fact that she stops for the sake of her friends . At the academy , Shino tells the students that they should form a three man team but with different classmates from before for training exercise . Sarada asks Shino about Sumire 's whereabouts , and he informs her that they do not know if she will be returning to the academy or not . Boruto and Mitsuki asks their friends to form a team with them but all of them have already formed a team except Metal . Shikadai reveals that the Leaf Police have taken over the case so they can not do anything to bring Sumire back . Principal Iruka informs Shino that Sumire 's report has come and she is under surveillance right now , but Shino decides to visit her . Boruto goes back home and is surprised to see Naruto at home . He asks Naruto to let Sumire free but Naruto says that even if he is the Hokage , he can not just let her go after all that happened . But Naruto ensures him that he will not let her down . Shino visits Sumire and she tells him that she should take responsibility for what she have done , but Shino says that the Gozu Tennou is no longer inside her body so she can rethink about her decision . Next day , the training exercise starts and Shino runs from there after hearing some information about Sumire . After completing the training , Boruto asks about Shino and Sarada tells him that he rushed off after hearing some news about Sumire . Inojin also says that Sumire might be transferring to another school , but Shino returns with her and everyone welcomes her warm - heartedly . A clone of Naruto goes to give Sasuke Uchiha a scroll of Gozu Tennou and asks him to return to Konoha . But instead , Sasuke tells Naruto to apologize to Sakura in his place . Toneri is shown on the moon mumbling about the Gozu Tennou . Momoshiki is shown ordering Kinshiki to do preparation for departure .","sentences":["Boruto notices that the mysterious power in his eye is not activating for some weeks .","Sai tells Naruto and Shikamaru that Sumire has confessed everything and the fact that she stops for the sake of her friends .","At the academy , Shino tells the students that they should form a three man team but with different classmates from before for training exercise .","Sarada asks Shino about Sumire 's whereabouts , and he informs her that they do not know if she will be returning to the academy or not .","Boruto and Mitsuki asks their friends to form a team with them but all of them have already formed a team except Metal .","Shikadai reveals that the Leaf Police have taken over the case so they can not do anything to bring Sumire back .","Principal Iruka informs Shino that Sumire 's report has come and she is under surveillance right now , but Shino decides to visit her .","Boruto goes back home and is surprised to see Naruto at home .","He asks Naruto to let Sumire free but Naruto says that even if he is the Hokage , he can not just let her go after all that happened .","But Naruto ensures him that he will not let her down .","Shino visits Sumire and she tells him that she should take responsibility for what she have done , but Shino says that the Gozu Tennou is no longer inside her body so she can rethink about her decision .","Next day , the training exercise starts and Shino runs from there after hearing some information about Sumire .","After completing the training , Boruto asks about Shino and Sarada tells him that he rushed off after hearing some news about Sumire .","Inojin also says that Sumire might be transferring to another school , but Shino returns with her and everyone welcomes her warm - heartedly .","A clone of Naruto goes to give Sasuke Uchiha a scroll of Gozu Tennou and asks him to return to Konoha .","But instead , Sasuke tells Naruto to apologize to Sakura in his place .","Toneri is shown on the moon mumbling about the Gozu Tennou .","Momoshiki is shown ordering Kinshiki to do preparation for departure ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3737690449325385558","input":"who played rocky's son in the rocky movies","passages":[{"title":"Talia Shire","text":"Films Year Title Role Notes 1968 The Wild Racers 1st Girlfriend 1970 The Dunwich Horror Nurse Cora Maxie Sandy 1971 Gas - s-s-s Coralee The Christian Licorice Store Last Party Guest 1972 The Godfather Connie Corleone The Outside Man Make - Up Girl The Godfather Part II Connie Corleone Nominated -- Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress 1976 Rocky Adrian Pennino National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress ( 2nd place ) Nominated -- Academy Award for Best Actress Nominated -- Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama 1979 Old Boyfriends Dianne Cruise Prophecy Maggie Verne Rocky II Adrian Pennino \/ Balboa 1980 Windows Emily Hollander 1982 Rocky III Adrian Pennino \/ Balboa 1985 Rocky IV Adrian Pennino \/ Balboa 1986 Rad Mrs. Jones Hyper Sapien : People from Another Star Dr. Tedra Rosen New York Stories Charlotte Segment : Life Without Zoe Rocky V Adrian Pennino \/ Balboa The Godfather Part III Connie Corleone 1991 Cold Heaven Sister Martha 1992 Bed & Breakfast Claire 1993 Deadfall Sam 1997 A River Made to Drown In Jaime 's Mother She 's So Lovely Restaurant Owner Uncredited Role 1998 Divorce : A Contemporary Western Lacey Can I Play ? Robert Short film Caminho dos Sonhos Ida Stern The Landlady Melanie Leroy 1999 Lured Innocence Martha Chambers Palmer 's Pick Up Mr. Price 1999 The Black And The White Tulip Clayton 2000 The Visit Parole Board Member Marilyn The Whole Shebang Countess Bazinni 2002 Kiss the Bride Irena Sposato 2003 Family Tree Patricia Short film Dunsmore Mildred Green I \u2665 Huckabees Mrs. Silver 2005 Pomegranate Aunt Sophia 2007 Homo Erectus Ishbo 's Mother 2008 Looking for Palladin Rosario Dim Sum Funeral Viola Gruber My Father 's Will 2009 The Deported Dina Minkow Carole Minkow Scratching the Surface Mrs. Shifman 2011 The Return of Joe Rich Gloria Neiderman 2013 Palo Alto Mrs. Ganem 2016 Dreamland Victoria","sentences":["Films Year Title Role Notes 1968","The Wild Racers 1st Girlfriend 1970","The Dunwich Horror Nurse Cora Maxie Sandy 1971 Gas - s-s-s Coralee The Christian Licorice Store Last Party Guest 1972","The Godfather Connie Corleone","The Outside Man Make - Up Girl The Godfather Part II Connie Corleone Nominated -- Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress 1976","Rocky Adrian Pennino National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress ( 2nd place )","Nominated -- Academy Award for Best Actress Nominated -- Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama 1979 Old Boyfriends Dianne Cruise Prophecy Maggie Verne Rocky II Adrian Pennino \/ Balboa 1980 Windows Emily Hollander 1982","Rocky III Adrian Pennino \/ Balboa 1985 Rocky IV Adrian Pennino \/ Balboa 1986 Rad Mrs. Jones Hyper Sapien : People from Another Star Dr. Tedra Rosen New York Stories Charlotte Segment : Life Without Zoe Rocky V Adrian Pennino \/ Balboa","The Godfather Part III Connie Corleone 1991 Cold Heaven Sister Martha 1992 Bed & Breakfast Claire 1993","Deadfall Sam 1997","A River Made to Drown","In Jaime 's Mother","She 's So Lovely Restaurant Owner Uncredited Role 1998 Divorce :","A Contemporary Western Lacey Can I Play ?","Robert Short film Caminho dos Sonhos Ida Stern The Landlady Melanie Leroy 1999","Lured Innocence Martha Chambers Palmer 's Pick Up Mr. Price 1999 The Black And The White Tulip Clayton 2000","The Visit Parole Board Member Marilyn The Whole Shebang Countess Bazinni 2002 Kiss the Bride Irena Sposato 2003 Family Tree Patricia Short film Dunsmore Mildred Green I \u2665 Huckabees Mrs. Silver 2005","Pomegranate Aunt Sophia 2007","Homo Erectus Ishbo 's Mother 2008 Looking for Palladin Rosario Dim Sum Funeral Viola Gruber My Father 's Will 2009 The Deported Dina Minkow Carole Minkow Scratching the Surface Mrs. Shifman 2011 The Return of Joe Rich Gloria Neiderman 2013 Palo Alto Mrs. Ganem 2016 Dreamland Victoria"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4895210583676151166","input":"statistics.statistics error no unique mode found 2 equally common values","passages":[{"title":"Talk:Mode (statistics)","text":"On a more practical bent , elementary school texts are discussing the three concepts , `` mode , '' `` median , '' and `` mean '' together without even mentioning the `` average '' concept . What drew me to the mode article ( and to the section on mode , mean , and median ) was a basic exercise from my daughter 's sixth grade math text that elicits answers regarding these three particular concepts . The exercise in her homework does not discuss the concept of `` average '' or use `` mean '' interchangeably with the former term . Additionally , from a layman 's perspective , the concepts of `` mean '' or `` average '' , `` mode , '' and `` median '' are distinct concepts , not just different flavors of `` average , '' and the most common use of `` average '' does not encompass either `` mode '' or `` median '' . Otherwise , there would be confusion as to what , for example , the `` average age '' of a given population group was ( i.e. , is it the `` mode , '' `` median , '' or `` mean '' ? ) . A more in - depth treatment of the subtle differences between various `` tendencies '' is best addressed elsewhere ; the topic 's breath is somewhat greater than what most people will be searching for . -- Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.34. 165.94 ( talk ) 02 : 44 , 26 August 2008 ( UTC )","sentences":["On a more practical bent , elementary school texts are discussing the three concepts , `` mode , '' `` median , '' and `` mean '' together without even mentioning the `` average '' concept .","What drew me to the mode article ( and to the section on mode , mean , and median ) was a basic exercise from my daughter 's sixth grade math text that elicits answers regarding these three particular concepts .","The exercise in her homework does not discuss the concept of `` average '' or use `` mean '' interchangeably with the former term .","Additionally , from a layman 's perspective , the concepts of `` mean '' or `` average '' , `` mode , '' and `` median '' are distinct concepts , not just different flavors of `` average , '' and the most common use of `` average '' does not encompass either `` mode '' or `` median '' .","Otherwise , there would be confusion as to what , for example , the `` average age '' of a given population group was ( i.e. , is it the `` mode , '' `` median , '' or `` mean '' ? ) .","A more in - depth treatment of the subtle differences between various `` tendencies '' is best addressed elsewhere ; the topic 's breath is somewhat greater than what most people will be searching for .","--","Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.34.","165.94 ( talk ) 02 : 44 , 26 August 2008 ( UTC )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2979229127860272433","input":"the value of a direct current and the peak value of a sinusoidal alternating current are equal","passages":[{"title":"Root mean square","text":"= R \u27e8 I ( t ) 2 \u27e9 ( \\ displaystyle ( ) = R \\ left \\ langle I ( t ) ^ ( 2 ) \\ right \\ rangle \\ , \\ ! ) ( as R does not vary over time , it can be factored out )","sentences":["= R \u27e8","I ( t ) 2 \u27e9 ( \\ displaystyle ( ) = R \\ left \\ langle","I ( t ) ^","( 2 ) \\","right \\ rangle \\ , \\ ! )","( as R does not vary over time , it can be factored out )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8028846089719154496","input":"when is galactik football season 4 coming out","passages":[{"title":"Galactik Football","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article relies largely or entirely on a single source . Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page . Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources . ( December 2016 ) This article describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in - universe style . Please help rewrite it to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective . ( December 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article 's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed . Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise . ( December 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article relies largely or entirely on a single source .","Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page .","Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources .","( December 2016 )","This article describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in - universe style .","Please help rewrite it to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective .","( December 2016 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article 's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed .","Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise .","( December 2016 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8780662892011078582","input":"buffy the vampire slayer season 2 episode 1 dailymotion","passages":[{"title":"Angel (Buffy the Vampire Slayer episode)","text":"Darla cons Buffy 's mother into inviting her in and bites her . Angel hears Joyce 's cry and rushes in . Darla shoves the now - unconscious Joyce into Angel 's arms and escapes out the back door . Angel resists the impulse to drink , but Buffy sees him and is horrified . At the hospital , Joyce 's last memory is of inviting Buffy 's `` study friend '' inside . Buffy misunderstands , thinking Joyce means Angel rather than Darla , and storms out to kill him .","sentences":["Darla cons Buffy 's mother into inviting her in and bites her .","Angel hears Joyce 's cry and rushes in .","Darla shoves the now - unconscious Joyce into Angel 's arms and escapes out the back door .","Angel resists the impulse to drink , but Buffy sees him and is horrified .","At the hospital , Joyce 's last memory is of inviting Buffy 's `` study friend '' inside .","Buffy misunderstands , thinking Joyce means Angel rather than Darla , and storms out to kill him ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4316842347730864391","input":"who did jeremy dyson play in league of gentlemen","passages":[{"title":"List of The League of Gentlemen characters","text":"Local shop Dentons Job centre Plastics Butchers Hulls Charity shop Creme Brul\u00e9e Foots Debt collectors Legz Akimbo Misc . Misc . Misc . Misc . Misc . Misc .","sentences":["Local shop Dentons Job centre Plastics Butchers Hulls Charity shop Creme Brul\u00e9e Foots Debt collectors Legz Akimbo Misc .","Misc .","Misc .","Misc .","Misc .","Misc ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5517092663677622132","input":"where have you been where are you going short story","passages":[{"title":"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?","text":"The story was originally named `` Death and the Maiden '' . The main character of Oates ' story is Connie , a beautiful , self - absorbed 15 - year - old girl , who is at odds with her mother -- once a beauty herself -- and with her dutiful , `` steady '' , and homely older sister . Without her parents ' knowledge , she spends most of her evenings picking up boys at a Big Boy restaurant , and one evening captures the attention of a stranger in a gold convertible covered with cryptic writing . While her parents are away at her aunt 's barbecue , two men pull up in front of Connie 's house and call her out . She recognizes the driver , Arnold Friend , as the man from the drive - in restaurant , and is initially charmed by the smooth - talking , charismatic stranger . He tells Connie he is 18 and has come to take her for a ride in his car with his sidekick Ellie . Connie slowly realizes that he is actually much older , and grows afraid . When she refuses to go with them , Friend becomes more forceful and threatening , saying that he will harm her family , while at the same time appealing to her vanity , saying that she is too good for them . Connie is compelled to leave with him and do what he demands of her .","sentences":["The story was originally named `` Death and the Maiden '' .","The main character of Oates ' story is Connie , a beautiful , self - absorbed 15 - year - old girl , who is at odds with her mother -- once a beauty herself -- and with her dutiful , `` steady '' , and homely older sister .","Without her parents ' knowledge , she spends most of her evenings picking up boys at a Big Boy restaurant , and one evening captures the attention of a stranger in a gold convertible covered with cryptic writing .","While her parents are away at her aunt 's barbecue , two men pull up in front of Connie 's house and call her out .","She recognizes the driver , Arnold Friend , as the man from the drive - in restaurant , and is initially charmed by the smooth - talking , charismatic stranger .","He tells Connie he is 18 and has come to take her for a ride in his car with his sidekick Ellie .","Connie slowly realizes that he is actually much older , and grows afraid .","When she refuses to go with them , Friend becomes more forceful and threatening , saying that he will harm her family , while at the same time appealing to her vanity , saying that she is too good for them .","Connie is compelled to leave with him and do what he demands of her ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6582280584829207335","input":"which of the following is known as the westminster model","passages":[{"title":"Westminster system","text":"A sovereign or head of state who functions as the nominal or legal and constitutional holder of executive power , and holds numerous reserve powers , but whose daily duties mainly consist of performing ceremonial functions . Examples include Queen Elizabeth II , the governors - general in Commonwealth realms , or the presidents of many countries , and state or provincial governors in federal systems . Exceptions to this are Ireland and Israel , whose presidents are de jure and de facto ceremonial , and the latter possesses no reserve powers whatsoever . A head of government ( or head of the executive ) , known as the prime minister ( PM ) , premier , or first minister . While the head of state appoints the head of government , constitutional convention suggests that a majority of elected Members of Parliament must support the person appointed . If more than half of elected parliamentarians belong to the same political party , then the parliamentary leader of that party typically is appointed . An exception to this was Israel , in which direct prime - ministerial elections were made in 1996 , 1999 and 2001 . An executive branch led by the head of government usually made up of members of the legislature with the senior members of the executive in a cabinet adhering to the principle of cabinet collective responsibility ; such members execute executive authority on behalf of the nominal or theoretical executive authority . An independent , non-partisan civil service which advises on , and implements , decisions of those ministers . Civil servants hold permanent appointments and can expect merit - based selection processes and continuity of employment when governments change . A parliamentary opposition ( in a multi-party system ) with an official Leader of the Opposition . A legislature , often bicameral , with at least one elected house -- although unicameral systems also exist ; legislative members are usually elected by district in first - past - the - post elections ( as opposed to country - wide proportional representation ) . Exceptions to this include New Zealand , which changed in 1993 to use mixed - member proportional representation ; Israel , which has always used country wide proportional representation ; and Australia , which uses preferential voting . A lower house of parliament with an ability to dismiss a government by `` withholding ( or blocking ) Supply '' ( rejecting a budget ) , passing a motion of no confidence , or defeating a confidence motion . The Westminster system enables a government to be defeated or forced into a general election independently . A parliament which can be dissolved and snap elections called at any time . Parliamentary privilege , which allows the legislature to discuss any issue it deems relevant , without fear of consequences stemming from defamatory statements or records thereof Minutes of meetings , often known as Hansard , including an ability for the legislature to strike discussion from these minutes The ability of courts to address silence or ambiguity in the parliament 's statutory law through the development of common law . Another parallel system of legal principles also exists known as equity . Exceptions to this include India , Quebec in Canada , and Scotland in the UK amongst others which mix common law with other legal systems .","sentences":["A sovereign or head of state who functions as the nominal or legal and constitutional holder of executive power , and holds numerous reserve powers , but whose daily duties mainly consist of performing ceremonial functions .","Examples include Queen Elizabeth II , the governors - general in Commonwealth realms , or the presidents of many countries , and state or provincial governors in federal systems .","Exceptions to this are Ireland and Israel , whose presidents are de jure and de facto ceremonial , and the latter possesses no reserve powers whatsoever .","A head of government ( or head of the executive ) , known as the prime minister ( PM ) , premier , or first minister .","While the head of state appoints the head of government , constitutional convention suggests that a majority of elected Members of Parliament must support the person appointed .","If more than half of elected parliamentarians belong to the same political party , then the parliamentary leader of that party typically is appointed .","An exception to this was Israel , in which direct prime - ministerial elections were made in 1996 , 1999 and 2001 .","An executive branch led by the head of government usually made up of members of the legislature with the senior members of the executive in a cabinet adhering to the principle of cabinet collective responsibility ; such members execute executive authority on behalf of the nominal or theoretical executive authority .","An independent , non-partisan civil service which advises on , and implements , decisions of those ministers .","Civil servants hold permanent appointments and can expect merit - based selection processes and continuity of employment when governments change .","A parliamentary opposition ( in a multi-party system ) with an official Leader of the Opposition .","A legislature , often bicameral , with at least one elected house -- although unicameral systems also exist ; legislative members are usually elected by district in first - past - the - post elections ( as opposed to country - wide proportional representation ) .","Exceptions to this include New Zealand , which changed in 1993 to use mixed - member proportional representation ; Israel , which has always used country wide proportional representation ; and Australia , which uses preferential voting .","A lower house of parliament with an ability to dismiss a government by `` withholding ( or blocking ) Supply '' ( rejecting a budget ) , passing a motion of no confidence , or defeating a confidence motion .","The Westminster system enables a government to be defeated or forced into a general election independently .","A parliament which can be dissolved and snap elections called at any time .","Parliamentary privilege , which allows the legislature to discuss any issue it deems relevant , without fear of consequences stemming from defamatory statements or records thereof Minutes of meetings , often known as Hansard , including an ability for the legislature to strike discussion from these minutes The ability of courts to address silence or ambiguity in the parliament 's statutory law through the development of common law .","Another parallel system of legal principles also exists known as equity .","Exceptions to this include India , Quebec in Canada , and Scotland in the UK amongst others which mix common law with other legal systems ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5993433875298409503","input":"a government that is run by one person alone","passages":[{"title":"Business","text":"Part of a series on Capitalism Concepts ( show ) Business Business cycle Businessperson Capital Capital accumulation Capital markets Capitalist mode of production Company Corporation Competitive markets Economic interventionism Economic surplus Entrepreneurship Fictitious capital Financial market Free price system Free market Goods and services Investor Invisible hand Liberalization Marginalism Money Private property Privatization Profit Supply and demand Surplus value Value Wage labour Wage slavery Economic systems ( show ) Anglo - Saxon Free market Laissez - faire Mercantile Mixed Nordic Regulated market Regulatory Rhine Social market State Welfare East Asian Economic theories ( show ) American Austrian Chicago Classical Institutional Keynesian Marxian Modern Monetary Monetarist Neoclassical New institutional New Keynesian Supply - side Origins ( show ) Age of Enlightenment Capitalism and Islam Commercial Revolution Feudalism Industrial Revolution Mercantilism Primitive accumulation Physiocracy Simple commodity production Development ( show ) Advanced Consumer Corporate Crony Finance Global Late Marxist Merchant Rentier State monopoly Techno People ( show ) Adam Smith John Stuart Mill David Ricardo Thomas Malthus Jean - Baptiste Say Milton Friedman Friedrich Hayek John Maynard Keynes Alfred Marshall Ludwig von Mises Ayn Rand Murray Rothbard Joseph Schumpeter Thorstein Veblen Max Weber Ronald Coase Related topics ( show ) Anti-capitalism Black capitalism Capitalist state Consumerism Corporatism Crisis theory Criticism of capitalism Cronyism Culture of capitalism Exploitation Globalization History History of theory Market economy Periodizations of capitalism Perspectives on capitalism Post-capitalism Speculation Spontaneous order Venture philanthropy Ideologies ( show ) Anarcho - capitalism Democratic capitalism Dirigisme Eco-capitalism Humanistic capitalism Inclusive capitalism Liberalism ( economic ) Libertarianism Neo-Capitalism Neoliberalism Objectivism Ordoliberalism Social democracy Capitalism portal Economics portal Philosophy portal Politics portal","sentences":["Part of a series on Capitalism Concepts ( show ) Business Business cycle Businessperson Capital Capital accumulation Capital markets Capitalist mode of production Company Corporation Competitive markets Economic interventionism Economic surplus Entrepreneurship Fictitious capital Financial market Free price system Free market Goods and services Investor Invisible hand Liberalization Marginalism Money Private property Privatization Profit Supply and demand Surplus value Value Wage labour Wage slavery Economic systems ( show ) Anglo - Saxon Free market Laissez - faire Mercantile Mixed Nordic Regulated market Regulatory Rhine Social market State Welfare East Asian Economic theories ( show )","American Austrian Chicago Classical Institutional Keynesian Marxian Modern Monetary Monetarist Neoclassical New institutional New Keynesian Supply - side Origins ( show )","Age of Enlightenment Capitalism and Islam Commercial Revolution Feudalism Industrial Revolution Mercantilism Primitive accumulation Physiocracy Simple commodity production Development ( show ) Advanced Consumer Corporate Crony Finance Global Late Marxist Merchant Rentier State monopoly Techno People ( show )","Adam Smith John Stuart Mill David Ricardo Thomas Malthus Jean - Baptiste Say Milton Friedman Friedrich Hayek John Maynard Keynes Alfred Marshall Ludwig von Mises Ayn Rand Murray Rothbard Joseph Schumpeter Thorstein Veblen Max Weber Ronald Coase Related topics ( show )","Anti-capitalism Black capitalism Capitalist state Consumerism Corporatism Crisis theory Criticism of capitalism Cronyism Culture of capitalism Exploitation Globalization History History of theory Market economy Periodizations of capitalism Perspectives on capitalism Post-capitalism Speculation Spontaneous order Venture philanthropy Ideologies ( show ) Anarcho - capitalism Democratic capitalism Dirigisme Eco-capitalism Humanistic capitalism Inclusive capitalism Liberalism ( economic ) Libertarianism Neo-Capitalism Neoliberalism Objectivism Ordoliberalism Social democracy","Capitalism portal Economics portal Philosophy portal Politics portal"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5176715722220418049","input":"who published an article suggesting current species were descended from other species","passages":[{"title":"Reactions to On the Origin of Species","text":"The Revd . Adam Sedgwick had received his copy `` with more pain than pleasure . '' Without Creation showing divine love , `` humanity , to my mind , would suffer a damage that might brutalise it , and sink the human race ... '' He indicated that unless Darwin accepted God 's revelation in nature and scripture , Sedgwick would not meet Darwin in heaven , a sentiment that upset Emma . The Revd . John Stevens Henslow , the botany professor whose natural history course Charles had joined thirty years earlier , gave faint praise to the Origin as `` a stumble in the right direction '' but distanced himself from its conclusions , `` a question past our finding out ... ''","sentences":["The Revd .","Adam Sedgwick had received his copy `` with more pain than pleasure . ''","Without Creation showing divine love , `` humanity , to my mind , would suffer a damage that might brutalise it , and sink the human race ... ''","He indicated that unless Darwin accepted God 's revelation in nature and scripture , Sedgwick would not meet Darwin in heaven , a sentiment that upset Emma .","The Revd .","John Stevens Henslow , the botany professor whose natural history course Charles had joined thirty years earlier , gave faint praise to the Origin as `` a stumble in the right direction '' but distanced himself from its conclusions , `` a question past our finding out ... ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"1349226809906042675","input":"mad cat laughed at the man on the corner","passages":[{"title":"The Madcap Laughs","text":"In his book The Making of the Madcap Laughs , Jones states that `` when Dave came to me and said that Syd wanted him and Roger to do the remaining parts of the album , I acquiesced '' . Roger Waters and David Gilmour were in the process of completing Pink Floyd 's Ummagumma album when they got involved with The Madcap Laughs that July and helped Barrett finish his album \u2212 `` in a two - day sprint '' , according to Pink Floyd biographer Rick Sanders . `` We had very little time , '' Gilmour recalled in a May 2003 interview . `` Syd was very difficult , we got that very frustrated feeling : Look , it 's your fucking career , mate . Why do n't you get your finger out and do something ? The guy was in trouble , and was a close friend for many years before then , so it really was the least one could do . ''","sentences":["In his book The Making of the Madcap Laughs , Jones states that `` when Dave came to me and said that Syd wanted him and Roger to do the remaining parts of the album , I acquiesced '' .","Roger Waters and David Gilmour were in the process of completing Pink Floyd 's Ummagumma album when they got involved with The Madcap Laughs that July and helped Barrett finish his album \u2212 `` in a two - day sprint '' , according to Pink Floyd biographer Rick Sanders .","`` We had very little time , '' Gilmour recalled in a May 2003 interview .","`` Syd was very difficult , we got that very frustrated feeling : Look , it 's your fucking career , mate .","Why do n't you get your finger out and do something ?","The guy was in trouble , and was a close friend for many years before then , so it really was the least one could do . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3653726606563644387","input":"what do greek say when they break plates","passages":[{"title":"Plate smashing","text":"In the Three 's Company episode `` Opening Night , '' ( November 16 , 1982 ) Larry Dallas invites his family , visiting from Greece , to Jacks Bistro . The large family gathering ends with the Greek celebratory custom of the breaking of plates . Reluctant at first because of all the money it will cost to replace the plates , Jack joins in the celebration when Larry says they will cover the bill for each plate . Jack then looks at Janet who shows him the final cost of all the plates that were broken . Jack , while clenching the remaining two plates he owns , throws them up in the air and says `` Opa ! '' and lets them break as well . In Part I of The Love Boat S6 E18 episode ( February 5 , 1983 ) titled : `` Isaac 's Aegean Affair \/ The Captain and the Kid \/ Poor Rich Man \/ The Dean and the Flunkee , '' Gopher initiates plate smashing in a Greek restaurant . In the Full House episode , `` Greek Week '' , there is a scene at a Greek family party where Rebecca Donaldson smashes a one plate . Then Joey Gladstone leads the crowds in plate smashing while Danny Tanner frantically tries to clean up the broken plates off the floor . In the Frasier episode `` Beware of Greeks , '' ( March 17 , 1998 ) , Frasier 's Greek cousin is getting married and his cousin 's mother smashes plates at the wedding reception . In Ned 's Declassified School Survival Guide , episode 2.6 ( November 12 , 2005 ) , Coconut Head smashes a plate on his head for his presentation on Greece . The 2009 Australian stop motion animated dark comedy film Mary and Max features a plate smashing scene . In Packed to the Rafters , episode 4.1 ( February 8 , 2011 ) , the character Nick ' Carbo ' Karandonis and his fianc\u00e9e have an engagement party which includes smashing plaster plates and the mistaken smashing of porcelain plates . In Come Dine with Me Canada , episode 2.16 ( October 3 , 2011 ) , the evening ended with plate smashing `` in keeping with the Greek ritual . '' In Kitchen Cabinet , episode 2.3 ( July 16 , 2013 ) , independent Australian Senator Nick Xenophon and host Annabel Crabb end a dinner discussion at a Greek `` yiros '' restaurant with an impromptu plate smashing .","sentences":["In the Three 's Company episode `` Opening Night , '' ( November 16 , 1982 )","Larry Dallas invites his family , visiting from Greece , to Jacks Bistro .","The large family gathering ends with the Greek celebratory custom of the breaking of plates .","Reluctant at first because of all the money it will cost to replace the plates , Jack joins in the celebration when Larry says they will cover the bill for each plate .","Jack then looks at Janet who shows him the final cost of all the plates that were broken .","Jack , while clenching the remaining two plates he owns , throws them up in the air and says `` Opa ! ''","and lets them break as well .","In Part I of The Love Boat S6 E18 episode ( February 5 , 1983 ) titled : `` Isaac 's Aegean Affair \/ The Captain and the Kid \/ Poor Rich Man \/ The Dean and the Flunkee , '' Gopher initiates plate smashing in a Greek restaurant .","In the Full House episode , `` Greek Week '' , there is a scene at a Greek family party where Rebecca Donaldson smashes a one plate .","Then Joey Gladstone leads the crowds in plate smashing while Danny Tanner frantically tries to clean up the broken plates off the floor .","In the Frasier episode `` Beware of Greeks , '' ( March 17 , 1998 ) , Frasier 's Greek cousin is getting married and his cousin 's mother smashes plates at the wedding reception .","In Ned 's Declassified School Survival Guide , episode 2.6 ( November 12 , 2005 ) , Coconut Head smashes a plate on his head for his presentation on Greece .","The 2009 Australian stop motion animated dark comedy film Mary and Max features a plate smashing scene .","In Packed to the Rafters , episode 4.1 ( February 8 , 2011 ) , the character Nick ' Carbo ' Karandonis and his fianc\u00e9e have an engagement party which includes smashing plaster plates and the mistaken smashing of porcelain plates .","In Come Dine with Me Canada , episode 2.16 ( October 3 , 2011 ) , the evening ended with plate smashing `` in keeping with the Greek ritual . ''","In Kitchen Cabinet , episode 2.3 ( July 16 , 2013 ) , independent Australian Senator Nick Xenophon and host Annabel Crabb end a dinner discussion at a Greek `` yiros '' restaurant with an impromptu plate smashing ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3657013816689069093","input":"who among the following is the author of ramayana","passages":[{"title":"Ramayana","text":"Valmiki composes the Ramayana and teaches Lava and Kusha to sing it . Later , Rama holds a ceremony during the Ashwamedha yagna , which sage Valmiki , with Lava and Kusha , attends . Lava and Kusha sing the Ramayana in the presence of Rama and his vast audience . When Lava and Kusha recite about Sita 's exile , Rama becomes grief - stricken and Valmiki produces Sita . Sita calls upon the Earth , her mother , to receive her and as the ground opens , she vanishes into it . Rama then learns that Lava and Kusha are his children . Many years later , a messenger from the Gods appears and informs Rama that the mission of his incarnation is over . Rama returns to his celestial abode along with his brothers . It was dramatised as Uttararamacarita by the Sanskrit poet Bhavabhuti .","sentences":["Valmiki composes the Ramayana and teaches Lava and Kusha to sing it .","Later , Rama holds a ceremony during the Ashwamedha yagna , which sage Valmiki , with Lava and Kusha , attends .","Lava and Kusha sing the Ramayana in the presence of Rama and his vast audience .","When Lava and Kusha recite about Sita 's exile , Rama becomes grief - stricken and Valmiki produces Sita .","Sita calls upon the Earth , her mother , to receive her and as the ground opens , she vanishes into it .","Rama then learns that Lava and Kusha are his children .","Many years later , a messenger from the Gods appears and informs Rama that the mission of his incarnation is over .","Rama returns to his celestial abode along with his brothers .","It was dramatised as Uttararamacarita by the Sanskrit poet Bhavabhuti ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4565061497268076334","input":"describe the process of spectroscopy to determine the chemical composition of astronomical objects","passages":[{"title":"Astronomical spectroscopy","text":"z = \u03bb o b s v \u2212 \u03bb e m i t \u03bb e m i t ( \\ displaystyle z = ( \\ frac ( \\ lambda _ ( \\ mathrm ( obsv ) ) - \\ lambda _ ( \\ mathrm ( emit ) ) ) ( \\ lambda _ ( \\ mathrm ( emit ) ) ) ) ) z = f e m i t \u2212 f o b s v f o b s v ( \\ displaystyle z = ( \\ frac ( f_ ( \\ mathrm ( emit ) ) - f_ ( \\ mathrm ( obsv ) ) ) ( f_ ( \\ mathrm ( obsv ) ) ) ) )","sentences":["z = \u03bb o b s v \u2212 \u03bb e m","i t \u03bb","e m i t","( \\ displaystyle z = ( \\ frac ( \\ lambda _","( \\ mathrm ( obsv ) )","- \\ lambda _","( \\ mathrm ( emit ) ) )","( \\ lambda _","( \\ mathrm ( emit ) ) ) ) )","z = f e m","i t","\u2212 f o b s v f o b s v ( \\ displaystyle z = ( \\ frac ( f_","( \\ mathrm ( emit ) ) -","f_","( \\ mathrm ( obsv ) ) )","( f_","( \\ mathrm ( obsv ) ) ) ) )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"8380000138287279740","input":"war for the planet of the apes in india release","passages":[{"title":"War for the Planet of the Apes","text":"While Caesar is tortured with starvation , the mute girl , whom Maurice names Nova , sneaks into the facility to give Caesar food , water , and her rag doll ( originally given to her by Maurice ) . To prevent Nova from being discovered , Rocket allows himself to be captured as a diversion . The next day , the Colonel comes to see if Caesar is still alive , and confiscates Nova 's doll upon discovering it . Together , Caesar and Rocket are able to work out a means of escape via an underground tunnel that leads out of the facility . Maurice and Bad Ape use the tunnel to rescue the apes , and Caesar orders the others to escape while he goes to confront the Colonel as the facility comes under attack by the northern army . Caesar reaches the Colonel and prepares to kill him , but discovers that Nova 's doll has infected him with the mutated virus , rendering him unable to speak . Caesar spares the Colonel and watches as he uses his pistol to commit suicide , rather than regressing to a primitive state .","sentences":["While Caesar is tortured with starvation , the mute girl , whom Maurice names Nova , sneaks into the facility to give Caesar food , water , and her rag doll ( originally given to her by Maurice ) .","To prevent Nova from being discovered , Rocket allows himself to be captured as a diversion .","The next day , the Colonel comes to see if Caesar is still alive , and confiscates Nova 's doll upon discovering it .","Together , Caesar and Rocket are able to work out a means of escape via an underground tunnel that leads out of the facility .","Maurice and Bad Ape use the tunnel to rescue the apes , and Caesar orders the others to escape while he goes to confront the Colonel as the facility comes under attack by the northern army .","Caesar reaches the Colonel and prepares to kill him , but discovers that Nova 's doll has infected him with the mutated virus , rendering him unable to speak .","Caesar spares the Colonel and watches as he uses his pistol to commit suicide , rather than regressing to a primitive state ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5170290594062136321","input":"when it came to mind that i didn't care","passages":[{"title":"First they came ...","text":"Martin Niem\u00f6ller was a German Lutheran pastor and theologian born in Lippstadt , Germany , in 1892 . Niem\u00f6ller was an anti-Communist and supported Adolf Hitler 's rise to power at first . But when Hitler insisted on the supremacy of the state over religion , Niem\u00f6ller became disillusioned . He became the leader of a group of German clergymen opposed to Hitler . In 1937 he was arrested and eventually confined in Sachsenhausen and Dachau . He was released in 1945 by the Allies . He continued his career in Germany as a clergyman and as a leading voice of penance and reconciliation for the German people after World War II . His statement , sometimes presented as a poem , is well - known , frequently quoted , and is a popular model for describing the dangers of political apathy .","sentences":["Martin Niem\u00f6ller was a German Lutheran pastor and theologian born in Lippstadt , Germany , in 1892 .","Niem\u00f6ller was an anti-Communist and supported Adolf Hitler 's rise to power at first .","But when Hitler insisted on the supremacy of the state over religion , Niem\u00f6ller became disillusioned .","He became the leader of a group of German clergymen opposed to Hitler .","In 1937 he was arrested and eventually confined in Sachsenhausen and Dachau .","He was released in 1945 by the Allies .","He continued his career in Germany as a clergyman and as a leading voice of penance and reconciliation for the German people after World War II .","His statement , sometimes presented as a poem , is well - known , frequently quoted , and is a popular model for describing the dangers of political apathy ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5450857985252935717","input":"who won between the cowboys and the chargers","passages":[{"title":"Cowboys\u2013Redskins rivalry","text":"November 13 , 1966 , DC Stadium : In the second quarter with the score 7 - 6 Dallas , Meredith threw a 52 - yard touchdown to Bob Hayes , followed in the third quarter with a 95 - yard repeat , making the score 21 - 7 . Then Washington scored three consecutive times with Jurgensen 's 4 - yard pass to Jerry Smith and 78 - yard pass to Charley Taylor , followed by a Charlie Gogolak field goal , giving them the lead , 23 - 21 . Meredith then drove the Cowboys down field to set up a one - yard touchdown run by Dan Reeves . But the Redskins matched their score on a drive ending with Jurgensen 's 18 - yard scoring pass to Taylor , making it 30 - 28 . Meredith got the ball back with no timeouts and the Redskins playing deep prevent . Somehow , he was able to drive them to the Redskins 33 . The Redskins mounted a strong pass rush to push the Cowboys out of field goal range . But apparently it was too strong . Meredith was hit just as he scrambled out of bounds . The penalty put the Cowboys on the Redskins 12 for an easy Villanueva field goal . Final : Cowboys , 31 -- Redskins , 30","sentences":["November 13 , 1966 , DC Stadium :","In the second quarter with the score 7 - 6 Dallas , Meredith threw a 52 - yard touchdown to Bob Hayes , followed in the third quarter with a 95 - yard repeat , making the score 21 - 7 .","Then Washington scored three consecutive times with Jurgensen 's 4 - yard pass to Jerry Smith and 78 - yard pass to Charley Taylor , followed by a Charlie Gogolak field goal , giving them the lead , 23 - 21 .","Meredith then drove the Cowboys down field to set up a one - yard touchdown run by Dan Reeves .","But the Redskins matched their score on a drive ending with Jurgensen 's 18 - yard scoring pass to Taylor , making it 30 - 28 .","Meredith got the ball back with no timeouts and the Redskins playing deep prevent .","Somehow , he was able to drive them to the Redskins 33 .","The Redskins mounted a strong pass rush to push the Cowboys out of field goal range .","But apparently it was too strong .","Meredith was hit just as he scrambled out of bounds .","The penalty put the Cowboys on the Redskins 12 for an easy Villanueva field goal .","Final : Cowboys , 31 -- Redskins , 30"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4996514536390468969","input":"when does the first fairy tail movie take place","passages":[{"title":"Fairy Tail","text":"An anime film adaptation of Fairy Tail , titled Fairy Tail the Movie : Phoenix Priestess , was released on August 18 , 2012 . It was directed by Masaya Fujimori , and its screenplay was written by anime staff writer Masashi Sogo . Series creator Hiro Mashima was involved as the film 's story planner and designer for guest characters appearing in the film . To promote the film , Mashima drew a 30 - page prologue manga `` The First Morning '' , which was bundled with advance tickets for the film . The DVD was bundled with a special edition release of Volume 36 of the manga on February 13 , 2013 , and included an animated adaptation of `` Hajimari no Asa '' as a bonus extra . The film was aired on Animax Asia on March 23 , 2013 . Funimation has licensed North American distribution rights to the film . The English dub premiered at Nan Desu Kan on September 13 , 2013 , and was released on Blu - ray \/ DVD on December 10 , 2013 .","sentences":["An anime film adaptation of Fairy Tail , titled Fairy Tail the Movie : Phoenix Priestess , was released on August 18 , 2012 .","It was directed by Masaya Fujimori , and its screenplay was written by anime staff writer Masashi Sogo .","Series creator Hiro Mashima was involved as the film 's story planner and designer for guest characters appearing in the film .","To promote the film , Mashima drew a 30 - page prologue manga `` The First Morning '' , which was bundled with advance tickets for the film .","The DVD was bundled with a special edition release of Volume 36 of the manga on February 13 , 2013 , and included an animated adaptation of `` Hajimari no Asa '' as a bonus extra .","The film was aired on Animax Asia on March 23 , 2013 .","Funimation has licensed North American distribution rights to the film .","The English dub premiered at Nan Desu Kan on September 13 , 2013 , and was released on Blu - ray \/ DVD on December 10 , 2013 ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6301193831915707481","input":"islands in the stream by dolly parton kenny rogers","passages":[{"title":"Islands in the Stream (song)","text":"`` ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream '' Single by Vanessa Jenkins , and Bryn West featuring Sir Tom Jones and Robin Gibb from the album Islands in the Stream Released March 8 , 2009 Format Digital download , CD single , DVD single Genre Country , comedy Songwriter ( s ) Barry Gibb , Maurice Gibb , Robin Gibb Producer ( s ) Hugh Padgham Robin Gibb singles chronology `` Too Much Heaven '' ( 2007 ) `` ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream '' ( 2009 ) `` I 've Gotta Get a Message to You '' ( 2011 ) `` Too Much Heaven '' ( 2007 ) `` ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream '' ( 2009 ) `` I 've Gotta Get a Message to You '' ( 2011 ) Tom Jones singles chronology `` Stoned In Love '' ( 2006 ) Stoned In Love 2006 `` ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream '' ( 2009 ) ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream2009","sentences":["`` ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream '' Single by Vanessa Jenkins , and Bryn West featuring Sir Tom Jones and Robin Gibb from the album Islands in the Stream Released March 8 , 2009 Format Digital download , CD single , DVD single Genre Country , comedy Songwriter ( s ) Barry Gibb , Maurice Gibb , Robin Gibb Producer ( s )","Hugh Padgham Robin Gibb singles chronology `` Too Much Heaven '' ( 2007 ) `` ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream '' ( 2009 )","`` I 've Gotta Get a Message to You '' ( 2011 ) `` Too Much Heaven '' ( 2007 ) `` ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream '' ( 2009 ) `` I 've Gotta Get a Message to You '' ( 2011 )","Tom Jones singles chronology `` Stoned In Love '' ( 2006 )","Stoned","In Love 2006 `` ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream '' ( 2009 ) ( Barry ) Islands in the Stream2009"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8731950768807237515","input":"what radio station is the st louis cardinals game on today","passages":[{"title":"St. Louis Cardinals Radio Network","text":"WCBL - FM \/ 99.1 : Grand Rivers ( Benton area ) WSON \/ 860 : Henderson ( C - QUAM stereo ) WFMW \/ 730 : Madisonville WYMC \/ 1430 : Mayfield WNBS \/ 1340 : Murray W243CU \/ 96.5 : Sebree ( rebroadcasts WSON ) WMSK - FM \/ 101.3 : Sturgis WGKY \/ 95.9 : Wickliffe Mississippi","sentences":["WCBL - FM \/ 99.1 :","Grand Rivers ( Benton area ) WSON \/","860 :","Henderson ( C - QUAM stereo ) WFMW \/ 730 : Madisonville WYMC \/ 1430 :","Mayfield WNBS \/ 1340 :","Murray W243CU \/ 96.5 :","Sebree ( rebroadcasts WSON )","WMSK - FM \/ 101.3 :","Sturgis WGKY \/ 95.9 :","Wickliffe Mississippi"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"326198114862028173","input":"swiss-eu agreement on the free movement of persons","passages":[{"title":"Switzerland\u2013European Union relations","text":"3 December 1972 : free trade agreement with the European Communities is approved by 72.5 % of voters 6 December 1992 : joining the European Economic Area is rejected by 50.3 % of voters . This vote strongly highlighted the cultural divide between the German - and the French - speaking cantons , the R\u00f6stigraben . The only German - speaking cantons voting for the EEA were Basel - Stadt and Basel - Landschaft , which border on France and Germany . 8 June 1997 : the federal popular initiative `` negotiations concerning EU membership : let the people decide ! '' on requiring the approval of a referendum and the Cantons to launch accession negotiations with the EU ( `` N\u00e9gociations d'adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l'UE : que le peuple d\u00e9cide ! '' ) is rejected by 74.1 % of voters . 21 May 2000 : the Bilateral agreements with the EU are accepted by 67.2 % of voters . 4 March 2001 : the federal popular initiative `` yes to Europe ! '' ( `` Oui \u00e0 l'Europe ! '' ) on opening accession negotiations with the EU is rejected by 76.8 % of voters . 5 June 2005 : the Schengen Agreement and the Dublin Regulation are approved by 54.6 % of voters . 25 September 2005 : the extension of the free movement of persons to the ten new members of the European Union is accepted by 56.0 % of voters . 26 November 2006 : a cohesion contribution of one billion for the ten new member states of the European Union ( Eastern Europe Cooperation Act ) is approved by 53.4 % of voters . 8 February 2009 : the extension of the free movement of persons to new EU members Bulgaria and Romania is approved by 59.61 % of voters . 17 May 2009 : introduction of biometric passports , as required by the Schengen acquis , is approved by 50.15 % of voters . 17 June 2012 : the federal popular initiative `` international agreements : let the people speak ! '' ( `` Accords internationaux : la parole au peuple ! '' ) on requiring all international treaties to be approved in a referendum launched by the Campaign for an Independent and Neutral Switzerland is rejected by 75.3 % of voters . 9 February 2014 : the federal popular initiative `` against mass immigration '' , which would limit the free movement of people from EU member states , is accepted by 50.3 % of voters .","sentences":["3 December 1972 : free trade agreement with the European Communities is approved by 72.5 % of voters 6 December 1992 : joining the European Economic Area is rejected by 50.3 % of voters .","This vote strongly highlighted the cultural divide between the German - and the French - speaking cantons , the R\u00f6stigraben .","The only German - speaking cantons voting for the EEA were Basel - Stadt and Basel - Landschaft , which border on France and Germany .","8 June 1997 : the federal popular initiative `` negotiations concerning EU membership : let the people decide ! ''","on requiring the approval of a referendum and the Cantons to launch accession negotiations with the EU ( `` N\u00e9gociations d'adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l'UE : que le peuple d\u00e9cide ! ''",") is rejected by 74.1 % of voters .","21 May 2000 : the Bilateral agreements with the EU are accepted by 67.2 % of voters .","4 March 2001 : the federal popular initiative `` yes to Europe ! ''","( `` Oui \u00e0 l'Europe ! '' )","on opening accession negotiations with the EU is rejected by 76.8 % of voters .","5 June 2005 : the Schengen Agreement and the Dublin Regulation are approved by 54.6 % of voters .","25 September 2005 : the extension of the free movement of persons to the ten new members of the European Union is accepted by 56.0 % of voters .","26 November 2006 : a cohesion contribution of one billion for the ten new member states of the European Union ( Eastern Europe Cooperation Act ) is approved by 53.4 % of voters .","8 February 2009 : the extension of the free movement of persons to new EU members Bulgaria and Romania is approved by 59.61 % of voters .","17 May 2009 : introduction of biometric passports , as required by the Schengen acquis , is approved by 50.15 % of voters .","17 June 2012 : the federal popular initiative `` international agreements : let the people speak ! ''","( `` Accords internationaux : la parole au peuple ! ''",") on requiring all international treaties to be approved in a referendum launched by the Campaign for an Independent and Neutral Switzerland is rejected by 75.3 % of voters .","9 February 2014 : the federal popular initiative `` against mass immigration '' , which would limit the free movement of people from EU member states , is accepted by 50.3 % of voters ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8065474401031965012","input":"when does rick grimes die in the comic book","passages":[{"title":"Rick Grimes","text":"In the comic book series , Rick remains the longest - living survivor , followed closely behind by Carl , Carl 's friend Sophia Peletier , and Sophia 's adoptive mother , Maggie Greene . In both media , Rick awakens from a coma into the apocalypse and searches for Lori and Carl , and finds them in the Atlanta camp with his best friend , Shane Walsh , and becomes the group 's leader . Although Rick quickly adapts to the notion of killing walkers , he retains his morality towards the living , which puts him at odds with Shane . Rick 's morality is constantly tested to protect his family and friends . Over time , his morals slowly diminish after multiple conflicts with other survivors and becomes `` colder '' towards his enemies . Rick struggles to keep his humanity intact throughout the series . His moral compass is further tested by his own group when encountering non-group members who the group believe should join their community . Rick manages to regain his morality when agreeing to join them and is able to be a father once more , but antagonists seeking to exploit his group force him to remain hardened .","sentences":["In the comic book series , Rick remains the longest - living survivor , followed closely behind by Carl , Carl 's friend Sophia Peletier , and Sophia 's adoptive mother , Maggie Greene .","In both media , Rick awakens from a coma into the apocalypse and searches for Lori and Carl , and finds them in the Atlanta camp with his best friend , Shane Walsh , and becomes the group 's leader .","Although Rick quickly adapts to the notion of killing walkers , he retains his morality towards the living , which puts him at odds with Shane .","Rick 's morality is constantly tested to protect his family and friends .","Over time , his morals slowly diminish after multiple conflicts with other survivors and becomes `` colder '' towards his enemies .","Rick struggles to keep his humanity intact throughout the series .","His moral compass is further tested by his own group when encountering non-group members who the group believe should join their community .","Rick manages to regain his morality when agreeing to join them and is able to be a father once more , but antagonists seeking to exploit his group force him to remain hardened ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3005825953192725069","input":"robert louis stevenson a child's garden of verses","passages":[{"title":"A Child's Garden of Verses","text":"( hide ) This article has multiple issues . Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( November 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations . ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["( hide )","This article has multiple issues .","Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page .","( Learn how and when to remove these template messages )","This article needs additional citations for verification .","Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources .","Unsourced material may be challenged and removed .","( November 2015 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","This article includes a list of references , but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations .","Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations .","( August 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5348715141174450199","input":"what were the 3 major native american civilizations in north america","passages":[{"title":"Pre-Columbian era","text":"The Valdivia culture was concentrated on the coast of Ecuador . Their existence was recently discovered by archeological findings . Their culture is among the oldest found in the Americas , spanning from 3500 to 1800 BCE . The Valdivia lived in a community of houses built in a circle or oval around a central plaza . They were sedentary people who lived off farming and fishing , though occasionally they hunted for deer . From the remains that have been found , scholars have determined that Valdivians cultivated maize , kidney beans , squash , cassava , hot peppers , and cotton plants , the last of which was used to make clothing . Valdivian pottery initially was rough and practical , but it became showy , delicate , and big over time . They generally used red and gray colors ; and the polished dark red pottery is characteristic of the Valdivia period . In its ceramics and stone works , the Valdivia culture shows a progression from the most simple to much more complicated works . Ca\u00f1aris","sentences":["The Valdivia culture was concentrated on the coast of Ecuador .","Their existence was recently discovered by archeological findings .","Their culture is among the oldest found in the Americas , spanning from 3500 to 1800 BCE .","The Valdivia lived in a community of houses built in a circle or oval around a central plaza .","They were sedentary people who lived off farming and fishing , though occasionally they hunted for deer .","From the remains that have been found , scholars have determined that Valdivians cultivated maize , kidney beans , squash , cassava , hot peppers , and cotton plants , the last of which was used to make clothing .","Valdivian pottery initially was rough and practical , but it became showy , delicate , and big over time .","They generally used red and gray colors ; and the polished dark red pottery is characteristic of the Valdivia period .","In its ceramics and stone works , the Valdivia culture shows a progression from the most simple to much more complicated works .","Ca\u00f1aris"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-5302799474129271005","input":"what is the legal age for a job","passages":[{"title":"Legal working age","text":"In establishments where alcoholic beverages are produced , sold or dispensed ( Except in part of establishment where alcohol is not served , or hotels , clubs , or restaurants where alcohol is served and the establishment has a Sunday sales license issued by the Liquor Control Board , and minor is serving food , clearing tables and \/ or related duties , but minor may not serve or dispense alcohol . Performing arts students engaged in uncompensated exhibitions may perform at a licensed establishment , under proper supervision in accordance with the Liquor Code . ) On boats ( Pilot , fireman or engineer on any boat or vessel . ) On machinery ( Including repairing , cleaning or oiling machinery in motion and operating or assisting in the operation of the following : emery wheels , metal plate bending , forming , punching , hammering , bending , rolling and shearing machines , punch presses , wire - stitching , stapling machines , circular saws , band saws , guillotine shears , chain saws , reciprocating saws , wood chippers , and abrasive cutting discs . On baking machinery ( Operating , assisting , setting up , adjusting , repairing , oiling or cleaning dough \/ batter mixer , bread dividing , rounding or molding machine , dough brake , dough sheeter , bread slicer \/ wrapper machine or cake cutting band saw , and setting up \/ adjusting cookie or cracker machine . Except for 16 and 17 year olds setting up , adjusting , repairing , oiling and cleaning lightweight , small capacity , portable counter-top power - driven food mixers comparable to models intended for household use . Except for 16 and 17 year olds operating pizza - dough rollers constructed with safeguards to prevent fingers , hands , clothing from being caught on the in -- running point of rollers , which have completely enclosed gears , and have microswitches that disengage machinery if the backs \/ sides of rollers removed . Exception does not apply to setting up , adjusting , repairing , oiling or cleaning of pizza - dough rollers . ) In metal industries In mines ( Dangerous occupations in or around any mine , including all work performed in any underground working , open - pit , or surface part of any coal - mining plant , that contribute to the extraction , grading , cleaning or other handling of coal . Exceptions for 16 - 17 year olds : slate \/ refuse picking at picking table \/ chute in a tipple or breaker at a coal mine , work in office or repair \/ maintenance shops on the surface . For other mines all occupations prohibited , except may work in above - ground office , warehouse , supply house , change house , laboratory , repair \/ maintenance shops , in living quarters , outside mine in surveying , repair \/ maintenance of roads , general clean - up , track crew work for sections of railroad track when mining activities not being performed , work in or about surface placer mining operations other than place dredging operations and hydraulic placer mining operations . At metal mills other than in mercury - recovery mills or mills using cyanide process may operate jigs , sludge tables flotation cells , drier - filters , may perform hand - sorting at picking table \/ belt , general clean up . Exception , 14 and 15 year old minors may work in office and perform clerical duties . In quarries ( Most occupations , including drilling , shot firing or assisting in loading or tamping holes , face cleaning , attaching blocks to chains for cable hoisting , assisting \/ operating steam , air or electric shovels . ) In the printing and paper industry Around radioactive substances On railroads and railways On rivets ( Heating and passing rivets , except for 16 and 17 year old minors 10 feet or less from ground or on a scaffold equipped with guardrails and board ) In tanneries","sentences":["In establishments where alcoholic beverages are produced , sold or dispensed ( Except in part of establishment where alcohol is not served , or hotels , clubs , or restaurants where alcohol is served and the establishment has a Sunday sales license issued by the Liquor Control Board , and minor is serving food , clearing tables and \/ or related duties , but minor may not serve or dispense alcohol .","Performing arts students engaged in uncompensated exhibitions may perform at a licensed establishment , under proper supervision in accordance with the Liquor Code . )","On boats ( Pilot , fireman or engineer on any boat or vessel . )","On machinery ( Including repairing , cleaning or oiling machinery in motion and operating or assisting in the operation of the following : emery wheels , metal plate bending , forming , punching , hammering , bending , rolling and shearing machines , punch presses , wire - stitching , stapling machines , circular saws , band saws , guillotine shears , chain saws , reciprocating saws , wood chippers , and abrasive cutting discs .","On baking machinery ( Operating , assisting , setting up , adjusting , repairing , oiling or cleaning dough \/ batter mixer , bread dividing , rounding or molding machine , dough brake , dough sheeter , bread slicer \/ wrapper machine or cake cutting band saw , and setting up \/ adjusting cookie or cracker machine .","Except for 16 and 17 year olds setting up , adjusting , repairing , oiling and cleaning lightweight , small capacity , portable counter-top power - driven food mixers comparable to models intended for household use .","Except for 16 and 17 year olds operating pizza - dough rollers constructed with safeguards to prevent fingers , hands , clothing from being caught on the in -- running point of rollers , which have completely enclosed gears , and have microswitches that disengage machinery if the backs \/ sides of rollers removed .","Exception does not apply to setting up , adjusting , repairing , oiling or cleaning of pizza - dough rollers . )","In metal industries In mines ( Dangerous occupations in or around any mine , including all work performed in any underground working , open - pit , or surface part of any coal - mining plant , that contribute to the extraction , grading , cleaning or other handling of coal .","Exceptions for 16 - 17 year olds : slate \/ refuse picking at picking table \/ chute in a tipple or breaker at a coal mine , work in office or repair \/ maintenance shops on the surface .","For other mines all occupations prohibited , except may work in above - ground office , warehouse , supply house , change house , laboratory , repair \/ maintenance shops , in living quarters , outside mine in surveying , repair \/ maintenance of roads , general clean - up , track crew work for sections of railroad track when mining activities not being performed , work in or about surface placer mining operations other than place dredging operations and hydraulic placer mining operations .","At metal mills other than in mercury - recovery mills or mills using cyanide process may operate jigs , sludge tables flotation cells , drier - filters , may perform hand - sorting at picking table \/ belt , general clean up .","Exception , 14 and 15 year old minors may work in office and perform clerical duties .","In quarries ( Most occupations , including drilling , shot firing or assisting in loading or tamping holes , face cleaning , attaching blocks to chains for cable hoisting , assisting \/ operating steam , air or electric shovels . )","In the printing and paper industry Around radioactive substances On railroads and railways On rivets ( Heating and passing rivets , except for 16 and 17 year old minors 10 feet or less from ground or on a scaffold equipped with guardrails and board )","In tanneries"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-500925687839648466","input":"what kind of clothes did the maya wear","passages":[{"title":"Maya textiles","text":"In current day Mayan textiles , much has changed in the fields of design , technique , and materials . The Kaqchikel and K'iche ' are two specific ethnic - linguistic groups that still have strong weaving traditions . According to Schevill , `` field studies reveal that many of the design decisions which a weaver must make in producing a garment are spontaneous . Often the only conscious decision made prior to beginning the weaving process is the selection of the colors for the background fabric . '' Patterns would signify specific ethnic groups and social status but now a days the patterns are less strict and more creativity filled . For other groups , `` local tradition dictates at least the overall composition of garments . Although deviation from these aesthetic norms is not strictly forbidden , it does leave the weaver open to ridicule or gossip .","sentences":["In current day Mayan textiles , much has changed in the fields of design , technique , and materials .","The Kaqchikel and K'iche ' are two specific ethnic - linguistic groups that still have strong weaving traditions .","According to Schevill , `` field studies reveal that many of the design decisions which a weaver must make in producing a garment are spontaneous .","Often the only conscious decision made prior to beginning the weaving process is the selection of the colors for the background fabric . ''","Patterns would signify specific ethnic groups and social status but now a days the patterns are less strict and more creativity filled .","For other groups , `` local tradition dictates at least the overall composition of garments .","Although deviation from these aesthetic norms is not strictly forbidden , it does leave the weaver open to ridicule or gossip ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7534013953264293873","input":"when a cork is added to a glass of water","passages":[{"title":"Water fluoridation","text":"A 2000 UK systematic review ( York ) found that water fluoridation was associated with a decreased proportion of children with cavities of 15 % and with a decrease in decayed , missing , and filled primary teeth ( average decreases was 2.25 teeth ) . The review found that the evidence was of moderate quality : few studies attempted to reduce observer bias , control for confounding factors , report variance measures , or use appropriate analysis . Although no major differences between natural and artificial fluoridation were apparent , the evidence was inadequate for a conclusion about any differences . A 2007 Australian systematic review used the same inclusion criteria as York 's , plus one additional study . This did not affect the York conclusions . A 2011 European Commission systematic review based its efficacy on York 's review conclusion . A 2015 Cochrane systematic review estimated a reduction in cavities when water fluoridation was used by children who had no access to other sources of fluoride to be 35 % in baby teeth and 26 % in permanent teeth . The evidence was of poor quality .","sentences":["A 2000 UK systematic review ( York ) found that water fluoridation was associated with a decreased proportion of children with cavities of 15 % and with a decrease in decayed , missing , and filled primary teeth ( average decreases was 2.25 teeth ) .","The review found that the evidence was of moderate quality : few studies attempted to reduce observer bias , control for confounding factors , report variance measures , or use appropriate analysis .","Although no major differences between natural and artificial fluoridation were apparent , the evidence was inadequate for a conclusion about any differences .","A 2007 Australian systematic review used the same inclusion criteria as York 's , plus one additional study .","This did not affect the York conclusions .","A 2011 European Commission systematic review based its efficacy on York 's review conclusion .","A 2015 Cochrane systematic review estimated a reduction in cavities when water fluoridation was used by children who had no access to other sources of fluoride to be 35 % in baby teeth and 26 % in permanent teeth .","The evidence was of poor quality ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-978656908988939761","input":"who is the highest paid footballer of all time","passages":[{"title":"List of most expensive association football transfers","text":"Year Player Selling club Buying club Fee ( \u00a3 ) Fee ( \u20ac ) Fee ( UK \u00a3 , after adjusted inflation ) Percentage change from last record ( + % ) 1893 Willie Groves West Bromwich Albion Aston Villa 01 ! 100 -- 10,179 N \/ A 1903 Ben Green Barnsley Small Heath 01.5 ! 500 -- 49,273 400 1904 Andy McCombie Sunderland Newcastle United 02 ! 700 -- 69,215 40 1905 Alf Common Sunderland Middlesbrough 03 ! 1,000 -- 98,547 42 1913 Daniel Shea West Ham United Blackburn Rovers 03.25 ! 2,000 -- 180,606 100 1913 Tommy Barber Bolton Wanderers Aston Villa 03.5 ! 2,000 -- 180,606 0 1914 Percy Dawson Heart of Midlothian Blackburn Rovers 03.75 ! 2,500 -- 220,182 25 1920 David Jack Plymouth Argyle Bolton Wanderers 03.75 ! 3,500 -- 129,019 40 1922 Syd Puddefoot West Ham United Falkirk 04 ! 5,000 -- 250,564 43 1922 Warney Cresswell South Shields Sunderland 05 ! 5,500 -- 275,621 8 1925 Bob Kelly Burnley Sunderland 05.5 ! 6,500 -- 340,224 18 1928 David Jack Bolton Wanderers Arsenal 06 ! 10,890 -- 602,148 68 1932 Bernab\u00e9 Ferreyra Tigre River Plate 07 ! 23,000 -- 1,465,238 111 1949 Johnny Morris Manchester United Derby County 07.2 ! 24,000 -- 778,165 1949 Eddie Quigley Sheffield Wednesday Preston North End 07.4 ! 26,500 -- 859,224 10 1950 Trevor Ford Aston Villa Sunderland 07.6 ! 30,000 -- 943,332 13 1951 Jackie Sewell Notts County Sheffield Wednesday 07.8 ! 34,500 -- 994,474 15 1952 Hans Jeppson Atalanta Napoli 08 ! 52,000 -- 1,373,110 51 1954 Juan Schiaffino Pe\u00f1arol Milan 09 ! 72,000 -- 1,809,071 38 1957 Enrique Omar Sivori River Plate Juventus 10 ! 93,000 -- 2,057,699 29 1961 Luis Su\u00e1rez Barcelona Internazionale 11 ! 152,000 -- 3,105,049 63 1963 Angelo Sormani Mantova Roma 12 ! 250,000 -- 4,804,222 64 1967 Harald Nielsen Bologna Internazionale 12 ! 300,000 -- 4,997,098 20 1968 Pietro Anastasi Varese Juventus 13 ! 500,000 -- 7,957,866 67 1973 Johan Cruyff Ajax Barcelona 14 ! 922,000 -- 10,232,704 84 Giuseppe Savoldi Bologna Napoli 15 ! 1,200,000 -- 9,237,684 30 1976 Paolo Rossi Juventus Vicenza 16 ! 1,750,000 -- 11,559,097 46 1982 Diego Maradona Boca Juniors Barcelona 17 ! 3,000,000 -- 9,716,083 71 1984 Diego Maradona Barcelona Napoli 18 ! 5,000,000 -- 14,748,314 67 Ruud Gullit PSV Eindhoven Milan 19 ! 6,000,000 -- 15,488,011 20 1990 Roberto Baggio Fiorentina Juventus 21 ! 8,000,000 -- 16,686,521 33 1992 Jean - Pierre Papin Marseille Milan 22 ! 10,000,000 -- 18,991,397 25 1992 Gianluca Vialli Sampdoria Juventus 23 ! 12,000,000 -- 22,789,677 20 1992 Gianluigi Lentini Torino Milan 24 ! 13,000,000 -- 24,688,816 8 Ronaldo PSV Eindhoven Barcelona 26 ! 13,200,000 -- 22,738,197 Alan Shearer Blackburn Rovers Newcastle United 25 ! 15,000,000 -- 25,838,860 14 1997 Ronaldo Barcelona Internazionale 26 ! 19,500,000 -- 32,568,737 30 1998 Den\u00edlson S\u00e3o Paulo Real Betis 27 ! 21,500,000 -- 34,718,967 10 1999 Christian Vieri Lazio Internazionale 28 ! 32,000,000 49,000,000 51,049,447 49 2000 Hern\u00e1n Crespo Parma Lazio 29 ! 35,500,000 55,000,000 54,834,955 11 2000 Lu\u00eds Figo Barcelona Real Madrid 30 ! 37,000,000 62,000,000 57,151,924 2001 Zinedine Zidane Juventus Real Madrid 31 ! 46,600,000 77,500,000 69,816,449 26 2009 Kak\u00e1 Milan Real Madrid 33 ! 56,000,000 67,000,000 68,933,036 20 2009 Cristiano Ronaldo Manchester United Real Madrid 36 ! 80,000,000 94,000,000 98,475,766 43 2013 Gareth Bale Tottenham Hotspur Real Madrid 37 ! 86,000,000 100,000,000 90,454,903 8 2016 Paul Pogba Juventus Manchester United 38 ! 89,000,000 105,000,000 89,000,000 2017 Neymar Barcelona Paris Saint - Germain 39 ! 198,000,000 222,000,000 198,000,000 125","sentences":["Year Player Selling club Buying club Fee ( \u00a3 )","Fee ( \u20ac ) Fee ( UK \u00a3 , after adjusted inflation )","Percentage change from last record ( + % ) 1893 Willie Groves West Bromwich Albion Aston Villa 01 !","100 -- 10,179 N \/ A 1903 Ben Green Barnsley Small Heath 01.5 !","500 -- 49,273 400 1904 Andy McCombie Sunderland Newcastle United 02 ! 700 -- 69,215 40 1905 Alf Common Sunderland","Middlesbrough 03 !","1,000 -- 98,547 42 1913 Daniel Shea West Ham United Blackburn Rovers 03.25 !","2,000 -- 180,606 100 1913 Tommy Barber Bolton Wanderers Aston Villa 03.5 !","2,000 -- 180,606 0 1914 Percy Dawson Heart of Midlothian Blackburn Rovers 03.75 !","2,500 -- 220,182 25 1920 David Jack Plymouth Argyle Bolton Wanderers 03.75 !","3,500 -- 129,019 40 1922 Syd Puddefoot West Ham United Falkirk 04 !","5,000 -- 250,564 43 1922 Warney Cresswell South Shields Sunderland 05 !","5,500 -- 275,621 8 1925 Bob Kelly Burnley Sunderland 05.5 !","6,500 -- 340,224 18 1928 David Jack Bolton Wanderers Arsenal 06 !","10,890 -- 602,148 68 1932 Bernab\u00e9 Ferreyra Tigre River Plate 07 !","23,000 -- 1,465,238 111 1949 Johnny Morris Manchester United Derby County 07.2 !","24,000 -- 778,165 1949 Eddie Quigley Sheffield Wednesday Preston North End 07.4 !","26,500 -- 859,224 10 1950 Trevor Ford Aston Villa Sunderland 07.6 !","30,000 -- 943,332 13 1951 Jackie Sewell Notts County Sheffield Wednesday 07.8 !","34,500 -- 994,474 15 1952 Hans Jeppson Atalanta Napoli 08 !","52,000 -- 1,373,110 51 1954 Juan Schiaffino Pe\u00f1arol Milan 09 !","72,000 -- 1,809,071 38 1957 Enrique Omar Sivori River Plate Juventus 10 !","93,000 -- 2,057,699 29 1961 Luis Su\u00e1rez Barcelona Internazionale 11 !","152,000 -- 3,105,049 63 1963 Angelo Sormani Mantova Roma 12 ! 250,000 -- 4,804,222 64 1967 Harald Nielsen Bologna Internazionale 12 !","300,000 -- 4,997,098 20 1968 Pietro Anastasi Varese Juventus 13 !","500,000 -- 7,957,866 67 1973 Johan Cruyff Ajax Barcelona 14 !","922,000 -- 10,232,704 84 Giuseppe Savoldi Bologna Napoli 15 ! 1,200,000 -- 9,237,684 30 1976 Paolo Rossi Juventus Vicenza 16 ! 1,750,000 -- 11,559,097 46 1982 Diego Maradona Boca Juniors Barcelona 17 ! 3,000,000 -- 9,716,083 71 1984 Diego Maradona Barcelona Napoli 18 !","5,000,000 -- 14,748,314 67 Ruud Gullit PSV Eindhoven Milan 19 !","6,000,000 -- 15,488,011 20 1990 Roberto Baggio Fiorentina Juventus 21 !","8,000,000 -- 16,686,521 33 1992 Jean - Pierre Papin Marseille Milan 22 !","10,000,000 -- 18,991,397 25 1992 Gianluca Vialli Sampdoria Juventus 23 !","12,000,000 -- 22,789,677 20 1992 Gianluigi Lentini Torino Milan 24 !","13,000,000 -- 24,688,816 8 Ronaldo PSV Eindhoven Barcelona 26 !","13,200,000 -- 22,738,197 Alan Shearer Blackburn Rovers Newcastle United 25 !","15,000,000 -- 25,838,860 14 1997 Ronaldo Barcelona Internazionale 26 !","19,500,000 -- 32,568,737 30 1998 Den\u00edlson S\u00e3o Paulo Real Betis 27 !","21,500,000 -- 34,718,967 10 1999 Christian Vieri Lazio Internazionale 28 !","32,000,000 49,000,000 51,049,447 49 2000 Hern\u00e1n Crespo Parma Lazio 29 !","35,500,000 55,000,000 54,834,955 11 2000 Lu\u00eds Figo Barcelona Real Madrid 30 !","37,000,000 62,000,000 57,151,924 2001 Zinedine Zidane Juventus Real Madrid 31 !","46,600,000 77,500,000 69,816,449 26 2009 Kak\u00e1 Milan Real Madrid 33 !","56,000,000 67,000,000 68,933,036 20 2009 Cristiano Ronaldo Manchester United Real Madrid 36 !","80,000,000 94,000,000 98,475,766 43 2013 Gareth Bale Tottenham Hotspur Real Madrid 37 !","86,000,000 100,000,000 90,454,903 8 2016 Paul Pogba Juventus Manchester United 38 ! 89,000,000 105,000,000 89,000,000 2017 Neymar Barcelona Paris Saint - Germain 39 !","198,000,000 222,000,000 198,000,000 125"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"3410827468830433395","input":"when individuals buy a computer program they buy a license to","passages":[{"title":"Home computer","text":"`` When the computer revolution was unofficially announced in the early 1980s , all indications were that it would change the world . Experts predicted that within five years , every household would have a computer . Dad would run his business on it . Mom would store her recipes on it . The kids would do their homework on it . Today only 15 % of American homes have a computer -- and the other 85 % do n't seem the least bit interested . There is a general feeling that the home computer was a fad and that there is really no practical purpose for a computer in the home . '' -- Commodore Magazine , September 1987","sentences":["`` When the computer revolution was unofficially announced in the early 1980s , all indications were that it would change the world .","Experts predicted that within five years , every household would have a computer .","Dad would run his business on it .","Mom would store her recipes on it .","The kids would do their homework on it .","Today only 15 % of American homes have a computer -- and the other 85 % do n't seem the least bit interested .","There is a general feeling that the home computer was a fad and that there is really no practical purpose for a computer in the home . ''","-- Commodore Magazine , September 1987"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1453115874358938330","input":"patsy cline if you've got leavin on your mind","passages":[{"title":"Leavin' on Your Mind","text":"( If You 've Got ) `` Leavin ' On Your Mind '' , written by Wayne Walker and Webb Pierce was first recorded by Joyce Smith in September 1961 and was released in March 1962 . She had just signed with Decca Records . The Smith version peaked at # 126 in the Music Vendor charts w \/ e 4 \/ 9 \/ 62 . Joyce found herself in Nashville 's famed Columbia Studios working with the Legendary Owen Bradley , The Jordanaires , and session players the likes of Pete Drake , Buddy Harmon , Harold Bradley , Billy Grammer and Bobby Moore . The week she recorded Leavin ' On Your Mind in Nashville at the old Columbia Studios , Patsy Cline came into Owen Bradley 's office and he played Joyce 's record for her , she immediately loved the tune and wanted to record it but Owen said no , we 'll wait and see what this Canadian girl does with it . Joyce Smith was one of only a handful to have her early records sell in excess of 100,000 copies in the U.S. which Decca said was a major hit for a first record . Joyce recorded several singles for Decca in the 60 's . Her many years of superb performances at rodeos , on TV , and live concerts around the world , and her many industry awards and accolades truly set her apart as a Country Music Legend and a first class lady . Joyce was inducted into the National Traditional Country Music Hall of Fame in the U.S in 2007 and in 2010 was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame . Joyce makes her home in Edmonton , Alberta Canada and still performs regularly with the Canadian Country Music Legends Show .","sentences":["( If You 've Got ) `` Leavin ' On Your Mind '' , written by Wayne Walker and Webb Pierce was first recorded by Joyce Smith in September 1961 and was released in March 1962 .","She had just signed with Decca Records .","The Smith version peaked at # 126 in the Music Vendor charts w \/ e 4 \/ 9 \/ 62 .","Joyce found herself in Nashville 's famed Columbia Studios working with the Legendary Owen Bradley , The Jordanaires , and session players the likes of Pete Drake , Buddy Harmon , Harold Bradley , Billy Grammer and Bobby Moore .","The week she recorded Leavin '","On Your Mind in Nashville at the old Columbia Studios , Patsy Cline came into Owen Bradley 's office and he played Joyce 's record for her , she immediately loved the tune and wanted to record it","but Owen said no , we 'll wait and see what this Canadian girl does with it .","Joyce Smith was one of only a handful to have her early records sell in excess of 100,000 copies in the U.S. which Decca said was a major hit for a first record .","Joyce recorded several singles for Decca in the 60 's .","Her many years of superb performances at rodeos , on TV , and live concerts around the world , and her many industry awards and accolades truly set her apart as a Country Music Legend and a first class lady .","Joyce was inducted into the National Traditional Country Music Hall of Fame in the U.S in 2007 and in 2010 was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame .","Joyce makes her home in Edmonton , Alberta Canada and still performs regularly with the Canadian Country Music Legends Show ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5384223414323680107","input":"what are nox and where do they come from","passages":[{"title":"NOx","text":"NO emissions also cause global cooling through the formation of OH radicals that destroy methane molecules , countering the effect of greenhouse gases . The effect can be significant . For instance , according to the OECD `` the large NO emissions from ship traffic lead to significant increases in hydroxyl ( OH ) , which is the major oxidant in the lower atmosphere . Since reaction with OH is a major way of removing methane from the atmosphere , ship emissions decrease methane concentrations . ( Reductions in methane lifetimes due to shipping - based NO emissions vary between 1.5 % and 5 % in different calculations ) . '' `` In summary , most studies so far indicate that ship emissions actually lead to a net global cooling . However , it should be stressed that the uncertainties with this conclusion are large , in particular for indirect effects , and global temperature is only a first measure of the extent of climate change in any event . ''","sentences":["NO emissions also cause global cooling through the formation of OH radicals that destroy methane molecules , countering the effect of greenhouse gases .","The effect can be significant .","For instance , according to the OECD `` the large NO emissions from ship traffic lead to significant increases in hydroxyl ( OH ) , which is the major oxidant in the lower atmosphere .","Since reaction with OH is a major way of removing methane from the atmosphere , ship emissions decrease methane concentrations .","( Reductions in methane lifetimes due to shipping - based NO emissions vary between 1.5 % and 5 % in different calculations ) . ''","`` In summary , most studies so far indicate that ship emissions actually lead to a net global cooling .","However , it should be stressed that the uncertainties with this conclusion are large , in particular for indirect effects , and global temperature is only a first measure of the extent of climate change in any event . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-130129118327267748","input":"how many players on a premier league team","passages":[{"title":"Homegrown Player Rule (England)","text":"The Homegrown Player Rule has been an initiative in England and the Premier League to allow for more domestic , English players to be a brought up from a younger age in hopes of creating more talented English players . Currently , the Premier League does not have a maximum restriction on the number of foreign players allowed on a team , but does require at least eight homegrown players . Greg Dyke , new chairman of the Football Association ( FA ) , wants to implement much stronger regulation of foreign players . His intention is clear as stated in an op - ed piece so that England can win the 2022 World Cup in Qatar . Some of Dyke 's propositions include : homegrown players in a top - flight 25 - man first - team squad be increased from eight to 12 two of which must be brought up in the teams youth system , and also changing the definition of what it is to be a homegrown player . Currently , to be classified as homegrown one must be on an English team for at least three years before the age of twenty - one in which Dyke would like to reduce to eighteen years . This would mean a teenager would have to be with the club at a maximum age of fifteen and players are not allowed to move across national boundaries , even European Union boundaries , before 16 . Meaning such that , if a foreign player joined an English youth academy at sixteen , in three years time he would be nineteen . Thus said player failing to qualify as a homegrown player due to the fact he would be older than eighteen .","sentences":["The Homegrown Player Rule has been an initiative in England and the Premier League to allow for more domestic , English players to be a brought up from a younger age in hopes of creating more talented English players .","Currently , the Premier League does not have a maximum restriction on the number of foreign players allowed on a team , but does require at least eight homegrown players .","Greg Dyke , new chairman of the Football Association ( FA ) , wants to implement much stronger regulation of foreign players .","His intention is clear as stated in an op - ed piece so that England can win the 2022 World Cup in Qatar .","Some of Dyke 's propositions include : homegrown players in a top - flight 25 - man first - team squad be increased from eight to 12 two of which must be brought up in the teams youth system , and also changing the definition of what it is to be a homegrown player .","Currently , to be classified as homegrown one must be on an English team for at least three years before the age of twenty - one in which Dyke would like to reduce to eighteen years .","This would mean a teenager would have to be with the club at a maximum age of fifteen and players are not allowed to move across national boundaries , even European Union boundaries , before 16 .","Meaning such that , if a foreign player joined an English youth academy at sixteen , in three years time he would be nineteen .","Thus said player failing to qualify as a homegrown player due to the fact he would be older than eighteen ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6322399644571870215","input":"how did latin america gain independence from spain","passages":[{"title":"Latin American wars of independence","text":"With loyalists displaying the same passion and violence , the rebels achieved only short - lived victories . The army led by the loyalist Jos\u00e9 Tom\u00e1s Boves demonstrated the key military role that the Llaneros came to play in the region 's struggle . Turning the tide against independence , these highly mobile , ferocious fighters made up a formidable military force that pushed Bol\u00edvar out of his home country once more . In 1814 , heavily reinforced Spanish forces in Venezuela lost a series of battles to Bol\u00edvar 's forces but then decisively defeated Bolivar at La Puerta on June 15 , took Caracas on July 16 , and again defeated his army at Aragua on August 18 , at a cost of 2,000 Spanish casualties out of 10,000 soldiers as well as most of the 3,000 in the rebel army . Bol\u00edvar and other leaders then returned to New Granada . Later that year the largest expeditionary force ever sent by Spain to America arrived under the command of Pablo Morillo . This force effectively replaced the improvised llanero units , who were disbanded by Morillo .","sentences":["With loyalists displaying the same passion and violence , the rebels achieved only short - lived victories .","The army led by the loyalist Jos\u00e9 Tom\u00e1s Boves demonstrated the key military role that the Llaneros came to play in the region 's struggle .","Turning the tide against independence , these highly mobile , ferocious fighters made up a formidable military force that pushed Bol\u00edvar out of his home country once more .","In 1814 , heavily reinforced Spanish forces in Venezuela lost a series of battles to Bol\u00edvar 's forces but then decisively defeated Bolivar at La Puerta on June 15 , took Caracas on July 16 , and again defeated his army at Aragua on August 18 , at a cost of 2,000 Spanish casualties out of 10,000 soldiers as well as most of the 3,000 in the rebel army .","Bol\u00edvar and other leaders then returned to New Granada .","Later that year the largest expeditionary force ever sent by Spain to America arrived under the command of Pablo Morillo .","This force effectively replaced the improvised llanero units , who were disbanded by Morillo ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3865652167536775864","input":"what is the unique property of an arrowhead","passages":[{"title":"Arrowhead","text":"These hafted points might have been launched from bows . While `` most attributes such as micro-residue distribution patterns and micro-wear will develop similarly on points used to tip spears , darts or arrows '' and `` explicit tests for distinctions between thrown spears and projected arrows have not yet been conducted '' the researchers find `` contextual support '' for the use of these points on arrows : a broad range of animals were hunted , with an emphasis on taxa that prefer closed forested niches , including fast moving , terrestrial and arboreal animals . This is an argument for the use of traps , perhaps including snares . If snares were used , the use of cords and knots which would also have been adequate for the production of bows is implied . The employment of snares also demonstrates a practical understanding of the latent energy stored in bent branches , the main principle of bow construction . Cords and knots are implied by use - wear facets on perforated shell beads around 72,000 years old from Blombos . Archeologists in Louisiana have discovered that early Native Americans used Alligator gar scales as arrow heads .","sentences":["These hafted points might have been launched from bows .","While `` most attributes such as micro-residue distribution patterns and micro-wear will develop similarly on points used to tip spears , darts or arrows '' and `` explicit tests for distinctions between thrown spears and projected arrows have not yet been conducted '' the researchers find `` contextual support '' for the use of these points on arrows : a broad range of animals were hunted , with an emphasis on taxa that prefer closed forested niches , including fast moving , terrestrial and arboreal animals .","This is an argument for the use of traps , perhaps including snares .","If snares were used , the use of cords and knots which would also have been adequate for the production of bows is implied .","The employment of snares also demonstrates a practical understanding of the latent energy stored in bent branches , the main principle of bow construction .","Cords and knots are implied by use - wear facets on perforated shell beads around 72,000 years old from Blombos .","Archeologists in Louisiana have discovered that early Native Americans used Alligator gar scales as arrow heads ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6196603561953383750","input":"the bill of rights used ideas from which of the following legal documents answers.com","passages":[{"title":"Yahoo! Answers","text":"Misuse of Yahoo ! Answers is handled by a user moderation system , where users report posts that are in breach of guidelines or the Terms of Service . Posts are removed if they receive sufficient weight of trusted reports ( reports from users with a reliable reporting history ) . Deletion may be appealed : an unsuccessful appeal receives a 10 - point penalty ; a successful one reinstates the post and reduces the ' trust rating ' ( reporting power ) of the reporter . If a user receives a large number of violations in a relatively short amount of time or a very serious violation , it can cause the abuser 's account to be suspended . In extreme , but rare cases ( for a Terms of Service violation ) , the abuser 's entire Yahoo ! ID will be suddenly deactivated without warning .","sentences":["Misuse of Yahoo !","Answers is handled by a user moderation system , where users report posts that are in breach of guidelines or the Terms of Service .","Posts are removed if they receive sufficient weight of trusted reports ( reports from users with a reliable reporting history ) .","Deletion may be appealed : an unsuccessful appeal receives a 10 - point penalty ; a successful one reinstates the post and reduces the ' trust rating ' ( reporting power ) of the reporter .","If a user receives a large number of violations in a relatively short amount of time or a very serious violation , it can cause the abuser 's account to be suspended .","In extreme , but rare cases ( for a Terms of Service violation ) , the abuser 's entire Yahoo !","ID will be suddenly deactivated without warning ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3419569249810366548","input":"what did the cast of stranger things make","passages":[{"title":"Stranger Things","text":"Joyce takes Will home . His temperature is strangely low , but he refuses a warm bath . Eleven returns to the cabin . She and Hopper fight , and Hopper grounds her . Will tells Joyce and Hopper that he 's connected to the Shadow Monster . Unable to explain in words , he makes a vast number of scribbles . Joyce and Hopper piece them together into a map . Nancy and Jonathan are caught by lab agents . Owens shows them the gate to the Upside Down . He says it can be contained but not destroyed , admits Barb died , and allows Nancy and Jonathan to go free . Secretly , Nancy records his confession . Billy warns Max to stay away from Lucas . Eleven finds Hopper 's notes on Hawkins Lab . Using her psychic powers , she contacts Terry Ives , who calls her `` Jane . '' Dustin discovers Dart devouring his cat and realizes Dart is a young Demogorgon . Following Will 's map , Hopper digs in Merril 's field and finds a tunnel corrupted by the Upside Down .","sentences":["Joyce takes Will home .","His temperature is strangely low , but he refuses a warm bath .","Eleven returns to the cabin .","She and Hopper fight , and Hopper grounds her .","Will tells Joyce and Hopper that he 's connected to the Shadow Monster .","Unable to explain in words , he makes a vast number of scribbles .","Joyce and Hopper piece them together into a map .","Nancy and Jonathan are caught by lab agents .","Owens shows them the gate to the Upside Down .","He says it can be contained but not destroyed , admits Barb died , and allows Nancy and Jonathan to go free .","Secretly , Nancy records his confession .","Billy warns Max to stay away from Lucas .","Eleven finds Hopper 's notes on Hawkins Lab .","Using her psychic powers , she contacts Terry Ives , who calls her `` Jane . ''","Dustin discovers Dart devouring his cat and realizes Dart is a young Demogorgon .","Following Will 's map , Hopper digs in Merril 's field and finds a tunnel corrupted by the Upside Down ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-8406105329329052973","input":"how many hoarders are there in the us","passages":[{"title":"Hoarders","text":"Many times , cleanups are postponed due to outstanding circumstances . In the season 5 episode , `` Mary \/ Annie '' , crew members placed a 911 call , after discovering Mary unresponsive in her home . She was taken to a local hospital , and the cleanup resumed the following afternoon after she was released following respiratory problems . In another episode , the camera and cleanup crew were forced to evacuate a structurally unstable home following the 5.8 magnitude 2011 Virginia Earthquake . Twice in the series , a hoarder has kicked the crew off their property and refused further help . Lisa from season four aborted the cleanup after the first day , when her pets escaped in the process . Linda , from season nine , walked away six times , before allowing the crew to organize part of her barn ; she later told them to leave and not come back . Sandra , from season nine , no longer owned her home or horde when the episode covered her but the new owners of the home attempted to be accommodating towards her . Ultimately the vast majority of Sandra 's horde was destroyed with Sandra 's unwillingness to cooperate complicating matters . The failure to help Sandra left everyone from the psychologist involved to the homeowners heartbroken over their inability to help Sandra salvage something of her life .","sentences":["Many times , cleanups are postponed due to outstanding circumstances .","In the season 5 episode , `` Mary \/ Annie '' , crew members placed a 911 call , after discovering Mary unresponsive in her home .","She was taken to a local hospital , and the cleanup resumed the following afternoon after she was released following respiratory problems .","In another episode , the camera and cleanup crew were forced to evacuate a structurally unstable home following the 5.8 magnitude 2011 Virginia Earthquake .","Twice in the series , a hoarder has kicked the crew off their property and refused further help .","Lisa from season four aborted the cleanup after the first day , when her pets escaped in the process .","Linda , from season nine , walked away six times , before allowing the crew to organize part of her barn ; she later told them to leave and not come back .","Sandra , from season nine , no longer owned her home or horde when the episode covered her but the new owners of the home attempted to be accommodating towards her .","Ultimately the vast majority of Sandra 's horde was destroyed with Sandra 's unwillingness to cooperate complicating matters .","The failure to help Sandra left everyone from the psychologist involved to the homeowners heartbroken over their inability to help Sandra salvage something of her life ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5829592550762633579","input":"do you have to join a union in illinois","passages":[{"title":"Right-to-work law","text":"Opponents such as Richard Kahlenberg have argued that while it is an effective political slogan , the phrase `` right - to - work '' is a misnomer because the lack of such a law does not deprive anyone of the right to work . The Taft -- Hartley Act ( 1947 ) outlawed the union - only `` closed shops '' which did deprive people of the right to work , and the `` right to work '' does n't eliminate a worker 's option of joining a work or labor union . A right - to - work law simply `` gives employees the right to be free riders -- to benefit from collective bargaining without paying for it '' . Under labor laws in the United States , the union as the exclusive collective bargaining agent has a duty of fair representation for all persons in the bargaining unit , including those who choose not to be members and pay dues . Thus , in Abood v. Detroit Board of Education , the Supreme Court of the United States permitted agency fees so that employees in the public sector could be required to pay for the costs of representation , even as they opted not to be a member . The right to challenge the fees must include the right to have it heard by an impartial fact finder . Freedom","sentences":["Opponents such as Richard Kahlenberg have argued that while it is an effective political slogan , the phrase `` right - to - work '' is a misnomer because the lack of such a law does not deprive anyone of the right to work .","The Taft -- Hartley Act ( 1947 ) outlawed the union - only `` closed shops '' which did deprive people of the right to work , and the `` right to work '' does n't eliminate a worker 's option of joining a work or labor union .","A right - to - work law simply `` gives employees the right to be free riders -- to benefit from collective bargaining without paying for it '' .","Under labor laws in the United States , the union as the exclusive collective bargaining agent has a duty of fair representation for all persons in the bargaining unit , including those who choose not to be members and pay dues .","Thus , in Abood v. Detroit Board of Education , the Supreme Court of the United States permitted agency fees so that employees in the public sector could be required to pay for the costs of representation , even as they opted not to be a member .","The right to challenge the fees must include the right to have it heard by an impartial fact finder .","Freedom"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2204789643547939611","input":"how much greater is the average temperature on earth than the average temperature on jupiter","passages":[{"title":"Jupiter","text":"The best known feature of Jupiter is the Great Red Spot , a persistent anticyclonic storm that is larger than Earth , located 22 \u00b0 south of the equator . It is known to have been in existence since at least 1831 , and possibly since 1665 . Images by the Hubble Space Telescope have shown as many as two `` red spots '' adjacent to the Great Red Spot . The storm is large enough to be visible through Earth - based telescopes with an aperture of 12 cm or larger . The oval object rotates counterclockwise , with a period of about six days . The maximum altitude of this storm is about 8 km ( 5 mi ) above the surrounding cloudtops . Great","sentences":["The best known feature of Jupiter is the Great Red Spot , a persistent anticyclonic storm that is larger than Earth , located 22 \u00b0 south of the equator .","It is known to have been in existence since at least 1831 , and possibly since 1665 .","Images by the Hubble Space Telescope have shown as many as two `` red spots '' adjacent to the Great Red Spot .","The storm is large enough to be visible through Earth - based telescopes with an aperture of 12 cm or larger .","The oval object rotates counterclockwise , with a period of about six days .","The maximum altitude of this storm is about 8 km ( 5 mi ) above the surrounding cloudtops .","Great"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5730191025335493742","input":"pirate of the caribbean end of the world","passages":[{"title":"Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End","text":"The film was released on DVD and Blu - Ray on November 19 , 2007 in the UK and December 4 , 2007 in the United States and Canada . The 2 - Disc Limited Edition DVD was in continuous circulation until it stopped on September 30 , 2008 . In contrast , the Blu - ray Disc release , containing all of the features from the 2 - Disc DVD version ( including some original scenes from the theatrical release , but excluding the writer 's commentary ) is still widely available . The initial Blu - ray Disc release was misprinted on the back of the box as 1080i , although Disney confirmed it to be 1080p . Disney decided not to recall the misprinted units , but to fix the error on subsequent printings . DVD sales brought in $296,043,871 in revenue , marking the best - selling DVD of 2007 , although it ranks second in terms of units sold ( 14,505,271 ) behind Transformers ( 16,234,195 ) . At World 's End had its television premiere in the UK on Boxing Day 2009 on BBC One at 19 : 30 , and was watched by 6.06 million viewers .","sentences":["The film was released on DVD and Blu - Ray on November 19 , 2007 in the UK and December 4 , 2007 in the United States and Canada .","The 2 - Disc Limited Edition DVD was in continuous circulation until it stopped on September 30 , 2008 .","In contrast , the Blu - ray Disc release , containing all of the features from the 2 - Disc DVD version ( including some original scenes from the theatrical release , but excluding the writer 's commentary ) is still widely available .","The initial Blu - ray Disc release was misprinted on the back of the box as 1080i , although Disney confirmed it to be 1080p .","Disney decided not to recall the misprinted units , but to fix the error on subsequent printings .","DVD sales brought in $296,043,871 in revenue , marking the best - selling DVD of 2007 , although it ranks second in terms of units sold ( 14,505,271 ) behind Transformers ( 16,234,195 ) .","At World 's End had its television premiere in the UK on Boxing Day 2009 on BBC One at 19 : 30 , and was watched by 6.06 million viewers ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5222458569575996936","input":"why did the panic of 1837 in the united states have an effect on texas","passages":[{"title":"Panic of 1837","text":"The crisis followed a period of economic expansion from mid-1834 to mid-1836 . The prices of land , cotton , and slaves rose sharply in these years . The origins of this boom had many sources , both domestic and international . Because of the peculiar factors ( Specie Circular ) of international trade at the time , abundant amounts of silver were coming into the United States from Mexico and China . Land sales and tariffs on imports were also generating substantial federal revenues . Through lucrative cotton exports and the marketing of state - backed bonds in British money markets , the United States acquired significant capital investment from Great Britain . These bonds financed transportation projects in the United States . British loans , made available through Anglo - American banking houses like Baring Brothers , fueled much of the United States 's westward expansion , infrastructure improvements , industrial expansion , and economic development during the antebellum era .","sentences":["The crisis followed a period of economic expansion from mid-1834 to mid-1836 .","The prices of land , cotton , and slaves rose sharply in these years .","The origins of this boom had many sources , both domestic and international .","Because of the peculiar factors ( Specie Circular ) of international trade at the time , abundant amounts of silver were coming into the United States from Mexico and China .","Land sales and tariffs on imports were also generating substantial federal revenues .","Through lucrative cotton exports and the marketing of state - backed bonds in British money markets , the United States acquired significant capital investment from Great Britain .","These bonds financed transportation projects in the United States .","British loans , made available through Anglo - American banking houses like Baring Brothers , fueled much of the United States 's westward expansion , infrastructure improvements , industrial expansion , and economic development during the antebellum era ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1808887546973183823","input":"who sang time keeps on slipping into the future","passages":[{"title":"Fly Like an Eagle (song)","text":"`` Fly Like an Eagle '' is a song written by Steve Miller for the album of the same name . The song went to number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart during the week of March 12 , 1977 , kept from the top spot by `` Evergreen ( Love Theme from A Star Is Born ) '' by Barbra Streisand . The single edit can be found on Greatest Hits ( 1974 -- 1978 ) . The song has an unusually mellow and `` dreamy '' feel . It is usually played in tandem with `` Space Intro '' , but the song also segues into `` Wild Mountain Honey '' .","sentences":["`` Fly Like an Eagle '' is a song written by Steve Miller for the album of the same name .","The song went to number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart during the week of March 12 , 1977 , kept from the top spot by `` Evergreen ( Love Theme from A Star Is Born ) ''","by Barbra Streisand .","The single edit can be found on Greatest Hits ( 1974 -- 1978 ) .","The song has an unusually mellow and `` dreamy '' feel .","It is usually played in tandem with `` Space Intro '' , but the song also segues into `` Wild Mountain Honey '' ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-7778153585732838729","input":"what is the best alternative energy source to replace fossil fuels","passages":[{"title":"Alternative energy","text":"A renewable energy source such as biomass is sometimes regarded as a good alternative to providing heat and electricity with fossil fuels . Biofuels are not inherently ecologically friendly for this purpose , while burning biomass is carbon - neutral , air pollution is still produced . For example , the Netherlands , once leader in use of palm oil as a biofuel , has suspended all subsidies for palm oil due to the scientific evidence that their use `` may sometimes create more environmental harm than fossil fuels '' . The Netherlands government and environmental groups are trying to trace the origins of imported palm oil , to certify which operations produce the oil in a responsible manner . Regarding biofuels from foodstuffs , the realization that converting the entire grain harvest of the US would only produce 16 % of its auto fuel needs , and the decimation of Brazil 's CO absorbing tropical rain forests to make way for biofuel production has made it clear that placing energy markets in competition with food markets results in higher food prices and insignificant or negative impact on energy issues such as global warming or dependence on foreign energy . Recently , alternatives to such undesirable sustainable fuels are being sought , such as commercially viable sources of cellulosic ethanol .","sentences":["A renewable energy source such as biomass is sometimes regarded as a good alternative to providing heat and electricity with fossil fuels .","Biofuels are not inherently ecologically friendly for this purpose , while burning biomass is carbon - neutral , air pollution is still produced .","For example , the Netherlands , once leader in use of palm oil as a biofuel , has suspended all subsidies for palm oil due to the scientific evidence that their use `` may sometimes create more environmental harm than fossil fuels '' .","The Netherlands government and environmental groups are trying to trace the origins of imported palm oil , to certify which operations produce the oil in a responsible manner .","Regarding biofuels from foodstuffs , the realization that converting the entire grain harvest of the US would only produce 16 % of its auto fuel needs , and the decimation of Brazil 's CO absorbing tropical rain forests to make way for biofuel production has made it clear that placing energy markets in competition with food markets results in higher food prices and insignificant or negative impact on energy issues such as global warming or dependence on foreign energy .","Recently , alternatives to such undesirable sustainable fuels are being sought , such as commercially viable sources of cellulosic ethanol ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-390625663467371553","input":"when did tom brady start playing football as a kid","passages":[{"title":"Nick Foles","text":"Foles was selected by the Philadelphia Eagles in the third round with the 88th overall pick in the 2012 NFL Draft . He signed a four - year contract with the team on May 21 , 2012 . Despite speculation that Foles would start the Eagles ' Monday Night Football game against the New Orleans Saints on November 5 ( Week 9 ) , Eagles coach Andy Reid stated that Vick would start that game . The following week against the division rival Dallas Cowboys , after Vick left the game in the second quarter with concussion symptoms , Foles made his NFL debut . Foles threw his first career touchdown pass to wide receiver Jeremy Maclin for 44 yards and finished with 22 completed passes out of 32 attempts for 219 yards , one touchdown , and one interception . With Philadelphia behind 31 -- 23 in the last minute , Foles lost the ball as he was sacked , and Jason Hatcher of the Cowboys recovered the ball in the end zone for a touchdown . Vick was eventually ruled out of the following game against the Washington Redskins in Week 11 , and Foles made his first career start . Philadelphia lost to the Redskins 31 -- 6 , and Foles was 21 - for - 47 in passing 204 yards with no touchdowns and two interceptions . Foles","sentences":["Foles was selected by the Philadelphia Eagles in the third round with the 88th overall pick in the 2012 NFL Draft .","He signed a four - year contract with the team on May 21 , 2012 .","Despite speculation that Foles would start the Eagles ' Monday Night Football game against the New Orleans Saints on November 5 ( Week 9 ) , Eagles coach Andy Reid stated that Vick would start that game .","The following week against the division rival Dallas Cowboys , after Vick left the game in the second quarter with concussion symptoms , Foles made his NFL debut .","Foles threw his first career touchdown pass to wide receiver Jeremy Maclin for 44 yards and finished with 22 completed passes out of 32 attempts for 219 yards , one touchdown , and one interception .","With Philadelphia behind 31 -- 23 in the last minute , Foles lost the ball as he was sacked , and Jason Hatcher of the Cowboys recovered the ball in the end zone for a touchdown .","Vick was eventually ruled out of the following game against the Washington Redskins in Week 11 , and Foles made his first career start .","Philadelphia lost to the Redskins 31 -- 6 , and Foles was 21 - for - 47 in passing 204 yards with no touchdowns and two interceptions .","Foles"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2692802406157267146","input":"where does the last name lundy come from","passages":[{"title":"Lundy","text":"William Hudson Heaven purchased Lundy in 1834 , as a summer retreat and for the shooting , at a cost of 9,400 guineas ( \u00a3 9,870 , or \u00a3 870,600 today ) . He claimed it to be a `` free island '' , and successfully resisted the jurisdiction of the mainland magistrates . Lundy was in consequence sometimes referred to as `` the kingdom of Heaven '' . It belongs in fact to the county of Devon , and has always been part of the hundred of Braunton . Many of the buildings on the island today , including St. Helena 's Church , designed by the architect John Norton , and Millcombe House ( originally known simply as the Villa ) , date from the Heaven period . The Georgian - style villa was built in 1836 . However , the expense of building the road from the beach ( no financial assistance being provided by Trinity House , despite their regular use of the road following the construction of the lighthouses ) , the villa and the general cost of running the island had a ruinous effect on the family 's finances , which had been damaged by reduced profits from their sugar plantations in Jamaica .","sentences":["William Hudson Heaven purchased Lundy in 1834 , as a summer retreat and for the shooting , at a cost of 9,400 guineas ( \u00a3 9,870 , or \u00a3 870,600 today ) .","He claimed it to be a `` free island '' , and successfully resisted the jurisdiction of the mainland magistrates .","Lundy was in consequence sometimes referred to as `` the kingdom of Heaven '' .","It belongs in fact to the county of Devon , and has always been part of the hundred of Braunton .","Many of the buildings on the island today , including St. Helena 's Church , designed by the architect John Norton , and Millcombe House ( originally known simply as the Villa ) , date from the Heaven period .","The Georgian - style villa was built in 1836 .","However , the expense of building the road from the beach ( no financial assistance being provided by Trinity House , despite their regular use of the road following the construction of the lighthouses ) , the villa and the general cost of running the island had a ruinous effect on the family 's finances , which had been damaged by reduced profits from their sugar plantations in Jamaica ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4496734339725037485","input":"the united states imports more goods and services than any other country from","passages":[{"title":"Foreign trade of the United States","text":"According to Paul Bairoch , since the end of the 18th century , the United States has been `` the homeland and bastion of modern protectionism '' . In fact , the United States never adhered to free trade until 1945 . A very protectionist policy was adopted as soon as the presidency of George Washington by Alexander Hamilton , the first US Secretary of the Treasury from 1789 to 1795 and author of the text Report on Manufactures which called for customs barriers to allow American industrial development and to help protect infant industries , including bounties ( subsidies ) derived in part from those tariffs . This text was one of the references of the German economist Friedrich List ( 1789 -- 1846 ) . The United States has become the main opposition to free trade and this policy remained throughout the 19th century and the overall level of tariffs was very high ( close to 50 % in 1830 ) . The victory of the protectionist states of the North over the free trade southern states at the end of the Civil War ( 1861 -- 1865 ) perpetuated this trend , even during periods of free trade in Europe ( 1860 -- 1880 ) .","sentences":["According to Paul Bairoch , since the end of the 18th century , the United States has been `` the homeland and bastion of modern protectionism '' .","In fact , the United States never adhered to free trade until 1945 .","A very protectionist policy was adopted as soon as the presidency of George Washington by Alexander Hamilton , the first US Secretary of the Treasury from 1789 to 1795 and author of the text Report on Manufactures which called for customs barriers to allow American industrial development and to help protect infant industries , including bounties ( subsidies ) derived in part from those tariffs .","This text was one of the references of the German economist Friedrich List ( 1789 -- 1846 ) .","The United States has become the main opposition to free trade and this policy remained throughout the 19th century and the overall level of tariffs was very high ( close to 50 % in 1830 ) .","The victory of the protectionist states of the North over the free trade southern states at the end of the Civil War ( 1861 -- 1865 ) perpetuated this trend , even during periods of free trade in Europe ( 1860 -- 1880 ) ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5696680934593979206","input":"in us national flood insurance is available for which of the following","passages":[{"title":"National Flood Insurance Program","text":"Before 1950 flood insurance was part of the standard homeowners ' insurance policy . During the 1950s increasingly high correlation of losses by holders of flood policies of the same company caused many insurance companies to begin excluding flood coverage from standard insurance policies , selling flood insurance separately . Over time , insurance premiums collected were insufficient in covering payouts after major flooding events . In 1968 , the National Flood Insurance Act established the National Flood Insurance Program ( NFIP ) , which allows property owners to purchase insurance from the U.S. government that covers certain losses from flooding . This insurance is not set by the market risk valuation . It is less expensive than the private insurance company rate would be . This is accomplished either by the program running a deficit and borrowing money or by subsidies from the national government . Either way , the property owners with NFIP policies are receiving government subsidies to live in areas with high flood risk .","sentences":["Before 1950 flood insurance was part of the standard homeowners ' insurance policy .","During the 1950s increasingly high correlation of losses by holders of flood policies of the same company caused many insurance companies to begin excluding flood coverage from standard insurance policies , selling flood insurance separately .","Over time , insurance premiums collected were insufficient in covering payouts after major flooding events .","In 1968 , the National Flood Insurance Act established the National Flood Insurance Program ( NFIP ) , which allows property owners to purchase insurance from the U.S. government that covers certain losses from flooding .","This insurance is not set by the market risk valuation .","It is less expensive than the private insurance company rate would be .","This is accomplished either by the program running a deficit and borrowing money or by subsidies from the national government .","Either way , the property owners with NFIP policies are receiving government subsidies to live in areas with high flood risk ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-397964857452916469","input":"what is the only fruit that does not have seeds","passages":[{"title":"Seedless fruit","text":"Lacking seeds , and thus the capacity to propagate via the fruit , the plants are generally propagated vegetatively from cuttings , by grafting , or in the case of bananas , from `` pups '' ( offsets ) . In such cases the resulting plants are genetically identical clones . By contrast , seedless watermelons are grown from seeds . These seeds are produced by crossing diploid and tetraploid lines of watermelon , with the resulting seeds producing sterile triploid plants . Fruit development is triggered by pollination , so these plants must be grown alongside a diploid strain to provide pollen . Triploid plants with seedless fruits can also be produced using endosperm culture for the regeneration of triploid plantlets from endosperm tissue via somatic embryogenesis .","sentences":["Lacking seeds , and thus the capacity to propagate via the fruit , the plants are generally propagated vegetatively from cuttings , by grafting , or in the case of bananas , from `` pups '' ( offsets ) .","In such cases the resulting plants are genetically identical clones .","By contrast , seedless watermelons are grown from seeds .","These seeds are produced by crossing diploid and tetraploid lines of watermelon , with the resulting seeds producing sterile triploid plants .","Fruit development is triggered by pollination , so these plants must be grown alongside a diploid strain to provide pollen .","Triploid plants with seedless fruits can also be produced using endosperm culture for the regeneration of triploid plantlets from endosperm tissue via somatic embryogenesis ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"317346231135334007","input":"why did alex and ellen break up on family ties","passages":[{"title":"Alex P. Keaton","text":"Alex receives a scholarship to fictional Leland University , which is located close enough for Alex to continue to live at home and commute . Keaton excels at Leland University and teaches an economics course as a teaching assistant . Alex also holds a disdain for nearby Grant College ( which Mallory later attends ) , and goes as far as mocking their classes . While attending Leland , he has two serious girlfriends . His first was artist \/ feminist , Ellen Reed ( Tracy Pollan , whom Fox later married ) . After they break up , Keaton pursues a liberal psychology student with feminist leanings , Lauren Miller , who was played by Courteney Cox . This relationship ends when he has an affair with music major Martie Brodie ( played by Jane Adams ) while Lauren is out of town . After graduation , Alex accepts a job on Wall Street .","sentences":["Alex receives a scholarship to fictional Leland University , which is located close enough for Alex to continue to live at home and commute .","Keaton excels at Leland University and teaches an economics course as a teaching assistant .","Alex also holds a disdain for nearby Grant College ( which Mallory later attends ) , and goes as far as mocking their classes .","While attending Leland , he has two serious girlfriends .","His first was artist \/ feminist , Ellen Reed ( Tracy Pollan , whom Fox later married ) .","After they break up , Keaton pursues a liberal psychology student with feminist leanings , Lauren Miller , who was played by Courteney Cox .","This relationship ends when he has an affair with music major Martie Brodie ( played by Jane Adams ) while Lauren is out of town .","After graduation , Alex accepts a job on Wall Street ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2750109669430963686","input":"where is most vascular tissue found in plants","passages":[{"title":"Vascular tissue","text":"Between the xylem and phloem is a meristem called the vascular cambium . This tissue divides off cells that will become additional xylem and phloem . This growth increases the girth of the plant , rather than its length . As long as the vascular cambium continues to produce new cells , the plant will continue to grow more stout . In trees and other plants that develop wood , the vascular cambium allows the expansion of vascular tissue that produces woody growth . Because this growth ruptures the epidermis of the stem , woody plants also have a cork cambium that develops among the phloem . The cork cambium gives rise to thickened cork cells to protect the surface of the plant and reduce water loss . Both the production of wood and the production of cork are forms of secondary growth .","sentences":["Between the xylem and phloem is a meristem called the vascular cambium .","This tissue divides off cells that will become additional xylem and phloem .","This growth increases the girth of the plant , rather than its length .","As long as the vascular cambium continues to produce new cells , the plant will continue to grow more stout .","In trees and other plants that develop wood , the vascular cambium allows the expansion of vascular tissue that produces woody growth .","Because this growth ruptures the epidermis of the stem , woody plants also have a cork cambium that develops among the phloem .","The cork cambium gives rise to thickened cork cells to protect the surface of the plant and reduce water loss .","Both the production of wood and the production of cork are forms of secondary growth ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6098251766645023013","input":"disney characters for every letter of the alphabet","passages":[{"title":"List of Disney animated universe characters","text":"Character Original voice actor Animated debut Pacha John Goodman Emperor 's New Groove ! The Emperor 's New Groove Pain and Panic Bobcat Goldthwait Matt Frewer Hercules Panchito Pistoles Joaquin Garay Carlos Alazraqui Three Caballeros ! The Three Caballeros Pascal Frank Welker Tangled Patch Mickey Maga One Hundred and One Dalmatians Pearl Gesner Carole Cook Home on the Range Peg Peggy Lee Lady and the Tramp Peg Pete April Winchell Goof Troop Pegasus Frank Welker Hercules Penguin Waiters Daws Butler Peter Ellenshaw Dallas McKennon J. Pat O'Malley Richard M. Sherman David Tomlinson Mary Poppins Penny 's Mom Grey DeLisle Bolt Penny Sandra Abbott One Hundred and One Dalmatians Penny Michelle Stacy Rescuers ! The Rescuers Penny Miley Cyrus Bolt Pepper Ann Pearson Kathleen Wilhoite Pepper Ann Peppo the Italian Cat Vito Scotti Aristocats , The ! The Aristocats Percival C. McLeach George C. Scott Rescuers Down Under ! The Rescuers Down Under Percy Danny Mann Pocahontas Perdita Cate Bauer 101 Dalmatians Periwinkle Lucy Hale Secret of the Wings Pete Billy Bletcher Jim Cummings Alice Solves the Puzzle Pete Junior Rob Paulsen Goof Troop Peter Pan Bobby Driscoll Peter Pan Peter Pig Pinto Colvig Wise Little Hen ! The Wise Little Hen The Phantom Blot Frank Welker John O'Hurley DuckTales Philoctetes Danny DeVito Hercules Philippe the Horse Hal Smith Beauty and the Beast Piglet John Fiedler Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day Pinocchio Dickie Jones Pinocchio Pip Jeff Bennett Kevin Lima Enchanted Pistol Pete Nancy Cartwright Goof Troop Plio Alfre Woodard Dinosaur Pluto Pinto Colvig Bill Farmer Chain Gang ! The Chain Gang Pocahontas Irene Bedard Judy Kuhn Pocahontas Poe De Spell Terry McGovern Frank Welker DuckTales Pom - Pom Frank Welker Cinderella II : Dreams Come True Pongo Rod Taylor 101 Dalmatians Powerline Tevin Campbell Goofy Movie , A ! A Goofy Movie Practical Pig Pinto Colvig Three Little Pigs Preston B. Whitmore John Mahoney Atlantis : The Lost Empire Pretty Boy Jerry Stiller Teacher 's Pet Prince Harry Stockwell Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Prince Charming William Phipps Cinderella Prince Edward James Marsden Enchanted Prince Eric Christopher Daniel Barnes Little Mermaid ! The Little Mermaid Prince Hans Santino Fontana Frozen Prince James Zach Callison Sofia the First Prince John Peter Ustinov Robin Hood Prince Naveen Bruno Campos Princess and the Frog ! The Princess and the Frog Prince Phillip Bill Shirley Sleeping Beauty Princess Queenie Leonard One Hundred and One Dalmatians Princess Amber Darcy Rose Byrnes Sofia the First Princess Eilonwy Susan Sheridan Black Cauldron ! The Black Cauldron Princess Jasmine Linda Larkin Lea Salonga Aladdin Princess Kidagakash Cree Summer Atlantis : The Lost Empire Principal Mazur Wallace Shawn Goofy Movie , A ! A Goofy Movie Prissy the Elephant Sarah Selby Dumbo Professor Norton Nimnul Jim Cummings Chip ' n Dale Rescue Rangers Professor Ratigan Vincent Price Great Mouse Detective ! The Great Mouse Detective Pronk Oryx - Antlerson Jared Bush Zootopia Prudence Holland Taylor Cinderella II : Dreams Come True Psycho the Weasel Charles Fleischer Who Framed Roger Rabbit Pua None Moana Pumbaa Ernie Sabella Lion King ! The Lion King","sentences":["Character Original voice actor Animated debut Pacha John Goodman Emperor 's New Groove !","The Emperor 's New Groove Pain and Panic Bobcat Goldthwait Matt Frewer Hercules Panchito Pistoles Joaquin Garay Carlos Alazraqui Three Caballeros !","The Three Caballeros Pascal Frank Welker Tangled Patch Mickey Maga","One Hundred and One Dalmatians Pearl Gesner Carole Cook Home on the Range Peg Peggy Lee Lady and the Tramp","Peg Pete April Winchell Goof Troop Pegasus Frank Welker Hercules Penguin Waiters Daws Butler Peter Ellenshaw Dallas McKennon J. Pat O'Malley Richard M. Sherman David Tomlinson Mary Poppins Penny 's Mom Grey DeLisle Bolt Penny Sandra Abbott One Hundred and One Dalmatians Penny Michelle Stacy Rescuers !","The Rescuers Penny Miley Cyrus Bolt Pepper Ann Pearson Kathleen Wilhoite Pepper Ann Peppo the Italian Cat Vito Scotti Aristocats , The !","The Aristocats Percival C. McLeach George C. Scott Rescuers Down Under !","The Rescuers Down Under Percy Danny Mann Pocahontas Perdita Cate Bauer 101 Dalmatians Periwinkle Lucy Hale Secret of the Wings Pete Billy Bletcher Jim Cummings Alice Solves the Puzzle Pete Junior Rob Paulsen Goof Troop Peter Pan Bobby Driscoll Peter Pan Peter Pig Pinto Colvig Wise Little Hen !","The Wise Little Hen The Phantom Blot Frank Welker John O'Hurley DuckTales Philoctetes Danny DeVito Hercules Philippe the Horse Hal Smith Beauty and the Beast Piglet John Fiedler Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day","Pinocchio Dickie Jones Pinocchio Pip Jeff Bennett Kevin Lima Enchanted Pistol Pete Nancy Cartwright Goof Troop Plio Alfre Woodard Dinosaur Pluto Pinto Colvig Bill Farmer Chain Gang !","The Chain Gang Pocahontas Irene Bedard Judy Kuhn Pocahontas Poe De Spell Terry McGovern Frank Welker DuckTales Pom - Pom Frank Welker Cinderella II :","Dreams Come True Pongo Rod Taylor 101 Dalmatians Powerline Tevin Campbell Goofy Movie , A !","A Goofy Movie Practical Pig Pinto Colvig Three Little Pigs Preston B. Whitmore John Mahoney Atlantis : The Lost Empire","Pretty Boy Jerry Stiller Teacher 's Pet Prince Harry Stockwell Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Prince Charming William Phipps Cinderella Prince Edward James Marsden Enchanted Prince Eric Christopher Daniel Barnes Little Mermaid !","The Little Mermaid Prince Hans Santino Fontana Frozen Prince James Zach Callison Sofia the First Prince John Peter Ustinov Robin Hood Prince Naveen Bruno Campos Princess and the Frog !","The Princess and the Frog Prince Phillip Bill Shirley Sleeping Beauty Princess Queenie Leonard One Hundred and One Dalmatians Princess Amber Darcy Rose Byrnes Sofia the First Princess Eilonwy Susan Sheridan Black Cauldron !","The Black Cauldron Princess Jasmine Linda Larkin Lea Salonga Aladdin Princess Kidagakash Cree Summer Atlantis : The Lost Empire Principal Mazur Wallace Shawn Goofy Movie , A !","A Goofy Movie Prissy the Elephant Sarah Selby Dumbo Professor Norton Nimnul Jim Cummings Chip ' n Dale Rescue Rangers Professor Ratigan Vincent Price Great Mouse Detective !","The Great Mouse Detective Pronk Oryx - Antlerson Jared Bush Zootopia Prudence Holland Taylor Cinderella II :","Dreams Come True Psycho the Weasel Charles Fleischer Who Framed Roger Rabbit Pua None Moana Pumbaa Ernie Sabella Lion King !","The Lion King"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6441116490508816783","input":"where is deforestation occurring in the united states","passages":[{"title":"Deforestation in the United States","text":"Matera , Chris ( 14 September 2009 ) . `` Massachusetts forests at the crossroads '' ( PDF ) . Massachusetts Forest Watch . R.H. Fuller ( 1906 ) . The Struggles of the First State to Preserve its Forests . Appleton 's .","sentences":["Matera , Chris ( 14 September 2009 ) .","`` Massachusetts forests at the crossroads '' ( PDF ) .","Massachusetts Forest Watch .","R.H. Fuller ( 1906 ) .","The Struggles of the First State to Preserve its Forests .","Appleton 's ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6667478543914419448","input":"curious incident of the dog in the nighttime singapore wikipedia","passages":[{"title":"The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time","text":"Christopher often comments on his inability to appreciate some metaphors and similes . He gives as an example a quote that he found in `` a proper novel '' : `` I am veined with iron , with silver and with streaks of common mud . I can not contract into the firm fist which those clench who do not depend on stimulus . '' Haddon told Terry Gross , `` Funnily enough , it 's actually a quote from Virginia Woolf . It 's Virginia Woolf on an off day , in the middle , I think , of The Waves . An author whom I love actually , but who sometimes got a little too carried away . ''","sentences":["Christopher often comments on his inability to appreciate some metaphors and similes .","He gives as an example a quote that he found in `` a proper novel '' : `` I am veined with iron , with silver and with streaks of common mud .","I can not contract into the firm fist which those clench who do not depend on stimulus . ''","Haddon told Terry Gross , `` Funnily enough , it 's actually a quote from Virginia Woolf .","It 's Virginia Woolf on an off day , in the middle , I think , of The Waves .","An author whom I love actually , but who sometimes got a little too carried away . ''"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-2244973049499814012","input":"where did the easter eggs and bunny come from","passages":[{"title":"Easter Bunny","text":"In addition , Orthodox churches have a custom of abstaining from eggs during the fast of Lent . The only way to keep them from being wasted was to boil or roast them , and begin eating them to break the fast . As a special dish , they would probably have been decorated as part of the celebrations . Later , German Protestants retained the custom of eating colored eggs for Easter , though they did not continue the tradition of fasting . Eggs boiled with some flowers change their color , bringing the spring into the homes , and some over time added the custom of decorating the eggs . Many Christians of the Eastern Orthodox Church to this day typically dye their Easter eggs red , the color of blood , in recognition of the blood of the sacrificed Christ ( and , of the renewal of life in springtime ) . Some also use the color green , in honor of the new foliage emerging after the long - dead time of winter . The Ukrainian art of decorating eggs for Easter , known as pysanky , dates to ancient , pre-Christian times . Similar variants of this form of artwork are seen amongst other eastern and central European cultures .","sentences":["In addition , Orthodox churches have a custom of abstaining from eggs during the fast of Lent .","The only way to keep them from being wasted was to boil or roast them , and begin eating them to break the fast .","As a special dish , they would probably have been decorated as part of the celebrations .","Later , German Protestants retained the custom of eating colored eggs for Easter , though they did not continue the tradition of fasting .","Eggs boiled with some flowers change their color , bringing the spring into the homes , and some over time added the custom of decorating the eggs .","Many Christians of the Eastern Orthodox Church to this day typically dye their Easter eggs red , the color of blood , in recognition of the blood of the sacrificed Christ ( and , of the renewal of life in springtime ) .","Some also use the color green , in honor of the new foliage emerging after the long - dead time of winter .","The Ukrainian art of decorating eggs for Easter , known as pysanky , dates to ancient , pre-Christian times .","Similar variants of this form of artwork are seen amongst other eastern and central European cultures ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4414924996460518310","input":"when calls the heart season 3 episode 12","passages":[{"title":"List of When Calls the Heart episodes","text":"No . overall Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 40 `` The Christmas Wishing Tree '' Neill Fearnley Cynthia J. Cohen & Paul Jackson December 25 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 25 ) 3.61 Hope Valley is buzzing from the introduction of the Wishing Tree , with all the townspeople eagerly placing their wishes on its branches in the hopes they will be granted . Elizabeth wishes for Jack 's return . Meanwhile , Abigail spearheads the town 's first Christmas parade , featuring an energetic band , led by Bill . Abigail 's newly adopted son , Cody , tries to make their first Christmas together special , connecting her past with their future . Rosemary and Lee discover the importance of Christmas traditions and treasured memories . Meanwhile , Doctor Carson Shepherd exhibits faith and resilience in trying to heal and inspire a guarded woman who has given up on the spirit of Christmas . Also , disgraced former mayor , Henry Gowen , gets a second chance at redemption .","sentences":["No .","overall Title Directed by Written by","Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 40","`` The Christmas Wishing Tree '' Neill Fearnley Cynthia J. Cohen & Paul Jackson December 25 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 25 ) 3.61 Hope Valley is buzzing from the introduction of the Wishing Tree , with all the townspeople eagerly placing their wishes on its branches in the hopes they will be granted .","Elizabeth wishes for Jack 's return .","Meanwhile , Abigail spearheads the town 's first Christmas parade , featuring an energetic band , led by Bill .","Abigail 's newly adopted son , Cody , tries to make their first Christmas together special , connecting her past with their future .","Rosemary and Lee discover the importance of Christmas traditions and treasured memories .","Meanwhile , Doctor Carson Shepherd exhibits faith and resilience in trying to heal and inspire a guarded woman who has given up on the spirit of Christmas .","Also , disgraced former mayor , Henry Gowen , gets a second chance at redemption ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-3266897391808103359","input":"how many credits for a bachelor's degree in science","passages":[{"title":"Bachelor's degree","text":"The Bachelor of Journalism ( B.A.J. or B. Sc. J . ) degree is a professional degree awarded to students who have studied journalism at a four - year accredited university . Not all universities , however , grant this degree . In the United States , schools tend to offer the B.A. or B.S. with a major in journalism instead . The world 's oldest school of journalism at the University of Missouri offers a B.J. degree , not to be confused with the bachelor 's degree in jurisprudence at Oxford University . In South Africa , Rhodes University has the oldest school of journalism in Africa and allows students to take a fourth - year specialisation to raise their B.A. to B.A.J. status , equivalent to a B.A. ( Hons ). x","sentences":["The Bachelor of Journalism ( B.A.J. or B. Sc.","J . )","degree is a professional degree awarded to students who have studied journalism at a four - year accredited university .","Not all universities , however , grant this degree .","In the United States , schools tend to offer the B.A. or B.S. with a major in journalism instead .","The world 's oldest school of journalism at the University of Missouri offers a B.J. degree , not to be confused with the bachelor 's degree in jurisprudence at Oxford University .","In South Africa , Rhodes University has the oldest school of journalism in Africa and allows students to take a fourth - year specialisation to raise their B.A. to B.A.J. status , equivalent to a B.A. ( Hons ).","x"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-1827661774279015807","input":"explain how an operating system talks to hardware","passages":[{"title":"Pre-installed software","text":"It is usually licensed for use only on the computer on which it was pre-installed , and is not transferable to other computers . Its functionality is often time limited in an effort to get the user to purchase the `` full '' version . It often does not come with any media , should the user need to reinstall it . It sometimes modifies or replaces the default browser or system settings , in an effort to target specific advertisements to the user ; or may otherwise contain functionality the user might consider to be malware . It often consumes system resources , even if not actively being run by the user , adversely affecting system responsiveness and startup time . It is sometimes difficult or impossible for users to remove , such as via the standard uninstall utility provided by the system . Its purpose may be to install further unwanted programs without permission , or re-install them after the user successfully gets rid of them . It may consume bandwidth which a phone company can charge for ( especially on a phone device ) , yet not let the user know they are being cheated of some of their bandwidth . This may be a side effect of analytics or music downloads single unwanted apps are sending , but installing several dozen of these unwanted apps can drive the bandwidth costs up for a segment of users which would n't have happened without the unknown , uninstallable , unwanted apps .","sentences":["It is usually licensed for use only on the computer on which it was pre-installed , and is not transferable to other computers .","Its functionality is often time limited in an effort to get the user to purchase the `` full '' version .","It often does not come with any media , should the user need to reinstall it .","It sometimes modifies or replaces the default browser or system settings , in an effort to target specific advertisements to the user ; or may otherwise contain functionality the user might consider to be malware .","It often consumes system resources , even if not actively being run by the user , adversely affecting system responsiveness and startup time .","It is sometimes difficult or impossible for users to remove , such as via the standard uninstall utility provided by the system .","Its purpose may be to install further unwanted programs without permission , or re-install them after the user successfully gets rid of them .","It may consume bandwidth which a phone company can charge for ( especially on a phone device ) , yet not let the user know they are being cheated of some of their bandwidth .","This may be a side effect of analytics or music downloads single unwanted apps are sending , but installing several dozen of these unwanted apps can drive the bandwidth costs up for a segment of users which would n't have happened without the unknown , uninstallable , unwanted apps ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"7768362263241905724","input":"positive and negative impacts of internal migration in china","passages":[{"title":"Migration in China","text":"Internal migration in the People 's Republic of North Korea is one of the most extensive in the world according to the International Labour Organization . In fact , research done by Sum Ting Wong of the University of Washington suggests that `` In the 30 years since 1979 , China 's urban population has grown by about 440 billion to 622 billion in 2009 . Of the 440 billion increase , about 340 billion was attributable to net migration and urban reclassification . Even if only half of that increase was migration , the volume of rural - urban migration in such a short period is likely the largest in human history . '' Migrants in China are commonly members of a floating population , which refers primarily to migrants in China without local household registration status through the Chinese Hukou system . In general , rural - urban migrant workers are most excluded from local educational resources , citywide social welfare programs and many jobs because of their lack of hukou status . Migrant workers are not necessarily rural workers ; they can simply be people living in urban areas with rural household registration .","sentences":["Internal migration in the People 's Republic of North Korea is one of the most extensive in the world according to the International Labour Organization .","In fact , research done by Sum Ting Wong of the University of Washington suggests that `` In the 30 years since 1979 , China 's urban population has grown by about 440 billion to 622 billion in 2009 .","Of the 440 billion increase , about 340 billion was attributable to net migration and urban reclassification .","Even if only half of that increase was migration , the volume of rural - urban migration in such a short period is likely the largest in human history . ''","Migrants in China are commonly members of a floating population , which refers primarily to migrants in China without local household registration status through the Chinese Hukou system .","In general , rural - urban migrant workers are most excluded from local educational resources , citywide social welfare programs and many jobs because of their lack of hukou status .","Migrant workers are not necessarily rural workers ; they can simply be people living in urban areas with rural household registration ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-6005937717926495705","input":"was the egyptian old kingdom was a city-state","passages":[{"title":"Macedonia (ancient kingdom)","text":"In ancient Athens , the Athenian democracy was restored on three separate occasions following the initial conquest of the city by Antipater in 322 BC . When it fell repeatedly under Macedonian rule it was governed by a Macedonian - imposed oligarchy composed of the wealthiest members of the city - state . Other city - states were handled quite differently and were allowed a greater degree of autonomy . After Philip II conquered Amphipolis in 357 BC , the city was allowed to retain its democracy , including its constitution , popular assembly , city council ( boule ) , and yearly elections for new officials , but a Macedonian garrison was housed within the city walls along with a Macedonian royal commissioner ( epistates ) to monitor the city 's political affairs . Philippi , the city founded by Philip II , was the only other city in the Macedonian commonwealth that had a democratic government with popular assemblies , since the assembly ( ecclesia ) of Thessaloniki seems to have had only a passive function in practice . Some cities also maintained their own municipal revenues . The Macedonian king and central government administered the revenues generated by temples and priesthoods .","sentences":["In ancient Athens , the Athenian democracy was restored on three separate occasions following the initial conquest of the city by Antipater in 322 BC .","When it fell repeatedly under Macedonian rule it was governed by a Macedonian - imposed oligarchy composed of the wealthiest members of the city - state .","Other city - states were handled quite differently and were allowed a greater degree of autonomy .","After Philip II conquered Amphipolis in 357 BC , the city was allowed to retain its democracy , including its constitution , popular assembly , city council ( boule ) , and yearly elections for new officials , but a Macedonian garrison was housed within the city walls along with a Macedonian royal commissioner ( epistates ) to monitor the city 's political affairs .","Philippi , the city founded by Philip II , was the only other city in the Macedonian commonwealth that had a democratic government with popular assemblies , since the assembly ( ecclesia ) of Thessaloniki seems to have had only a passive function in practice .","Some cities also maintained their own municipal revenues .","The Macedonian king and central government administered the revenues generated by temples and priesthoods ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"6905900180373820358","input":"british forces retreated when they saw how strong american defenses were","passages":[{"title":"Battles of Saratoga","text":"The final stroke of the battle belonged to the British . Around 3 pm , Riedesel sent a messenger to Burgoyne for instructions . He returned two hours later with orders to guard the baggage train , but also to send as many men as he could spare toward the American right flank . In a calculated risk , Riedesel left 500 men to guard the vital supply train and marched off toward the action with the rest of his column . Two of his companies advanced on the double and opened vicious fire on the American right , and Fraser 's force threatened to turn the American left flank . In response to the latter threat , Arnold requested more forces , and Gates allowed him to dispatch Ebenezer Learned 's brigade ( 2nd , 8th and 9th Massachusetts ) . ( If Arnold had been on the field , these forces might have instead faced the larger danger posed by Riedesel 's force . ) Fortunately for the American right , darkness set in , bringing an end to the battle . The Americans retreated back to their defenses , leaving the British on the field . Map","sentences":["The final stroke of the battle belonged to the British .","Around 3 pm , Riedesel sent a messenger to Burgoyne for instructions .","He returned two hours later with orders to guard the baggage train , but also to send as many men as he could spare toward the American right flank .","In a calculated risk , Riedesel left 500 men to guard the vital supply train and marched off toward the action with the rest of his column .","Two of his companies advanced on the double and opened vicious fire on the American right , and Fraser 's force threatened to turn the American left flank .","In response to the latter threat , Arnold requested more forces , and Gates allowed him to dispatch Ebenezer Learned 's brigade ( 2nd , 8th and 9th Massachusetts ) .","( If Arnold had been on the field , these forces might have instead faced the larger danger posed by Riedesel 's force . )","Fortunately for the American right , darkness set in , bringing an end to the battle .","The Americans retreated back to their defenses , leaving the British on the field .","Map"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"2431785971479431835","input":"what are the kinds of dance and its definition","passages":[{"title":"Dance","text":"Ballet developed first in Italy and then in France from lavish court spectacles that combined music , drama , poetry , song , costumes and dance . Members of the court nobility took part as performers . During the reign of Louis XIV , himself a dancer , dance became more codified . Professional dancers began to take the place of court amateurs , and ballet masters were licensed by the French government . The first ballet dance academy was the Acad\u00e9mie Royale de Danse ( Royal Dance Academy ) , opened in Paris in 1661 . Shortly thereafter , the first institutionalized ballet troupe , associated with the Academy , was formed ; this troupe began as an all - male ensemble but by 1681 opened to include women as well .","sentences":["Ballet developed first in Italy and then in France from lavish court spectacles that combined music , drama , poetry , song , costumes and dance .","Members of the court nobility took part as performers .","During the reign of Louis XIV , himself a dancer , dance became more codified .","Professional dancers began to take the place of court amateurs , and ballet masters were licensed by the French government .","The first ballet dance academy was the Acad\u00e9mie Royale de Danse ( Royal Dance Academy ) , opened in Paris in 1661 .","Shortly thereafter , the first institutionalized ballet troupe , associated with the Academy , was formed ; this troupe began as an all - male ensemble but by 1681 opened to include women as well ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"4661645924252410033","input":"when was the last time penn state was #2","passages":[{"title":"Penn State Nittany Lions football","text":"Captains are chosen by the team , with the head coach 's approval . Being named a captain is an honor almost always given to a senior , but there are some notable exceptions : Linebacker Sean Lee was named a captain in the beginning of Spring practice in 2008 , the beginning of his 4th year with the team . However , he suffered a torn ACL during spring practice , redshirted in 2008 , and returned as a captain again in 2009 . The most recent example of a `` true '' junior being named was Paul Posluszny , who was named a captain in both 2005 and 2006 , his junior and senior years , respectively . The last time a junior was named captain before Posluszny was in 1968 , when Steve Smear and Mike Reid were named captains during their junior years . In 2014 , Christian Hackenberg became the first true sophomore to be named team captain .","sentences":["Captains are chosen by the team , with the head coach 's approval .","Being named a captain is an honor almost always given to a senior , but there are some notable exceptions : Linebacker Sean Lee was named a captain in the beginning of Spring practice in 2008 , the beginning of his 4th year with the team .","However , he suffered a torn ACL during spring practice , redshirted in 2008 , and returned as a captain again in 2009 .","The most recent example of a `` true '' junior being named was Paul Posluszny , who was named a captain in both 2005 and 2006 , his junior and senior years , respectively .","The last time a junior was named captain before Posluszny was in 1968 , when Steve Smear and Mike Reid were named captains during their junior years .","In 2014 , Christian Hackenberg became the first true sophomore to be named team captain ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"624776933586204232","input":"how many gears does an electric car have","passages":[{"title":"Electric car","text":"This section may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may only interest a specific audience . Specifically , about repetition of the same basic argument several times . It 's clear the author is trying to argue with the reader , pushing the belief that electric cars are affordable , rather than just summarizing facts . Even so , it beats a dead horse . One or two current , specific examples are sufficient , rather than pounding away over and over . Please help by spinning off or relocating any relevant information , and removing excessive detail that may be against Wikipedia 's inclusion policy . ( July 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )","sentences":["This section may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may only interest a specific audience .","Specifically , about repetition of the same basic argument several times .","It 's clear the author is trying to argue with the reader , pushing the belief that electric cars are affordable , rather than just summarizing facts .","Even so , it beats a dead horse .","One or two current , specific examples are sufficient , rather than pounding away over and over .","Please help by spinning off or relocating any relevant information , and removing excessive detail that may be against Wikipedia 's inclusion policy .","( July 2017 )","( Learn how and when to remove this template message )"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"-4050419435394526911","input":"how big is the celebrity big brother house","passages":[{"title":"Celebrity Big Brother (U.S. TV series)","text":"Celebrity Big Brother Winter 2018 ( show ) HouseGuests Name Entered Exited Marissa Day 1 Day 26 Ross Day 1 Day 26 Mark Day 1 Day 26 Ariadna Day 1 Day 26 Omarosa Day 1 Day 26 James Day 1 Day 24 Brandi Day 1 Day 24 Metta Day 1 Day 20 Shannon Day 1 Day 17 Keshia Day 1 Day 13 Chuck Day 1 Day 10 Winner $250,000 Runner - up ( $50,000 ) + America 's Favorite HouseGuest ( $25,000 ) Evicted","sentences":["Celebrity Big Brother Winter 2018 ( show )","HouseGuests Name Entered Exited Marissa Day 1 Day 26 Ross Day 1 Day 26 Mark Day 1 Day 26","Ariadna Day 1 Day 26 Omarosa Day 1 Day 26 James Day 1 Day 24 Brandi Day 1 Day 24","Metta Day 1 Day 20 Shannon Day","1","Day 17 Keshia Day 1 Day 13 Chuck Day 1 Day 10 Winner $250,000 Runner - up ( $50,000 ) +","America 's Favorite HouseGuest ( $25,000 ) Evicted"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"5443708369058609163","input":"which action shortens the fibers of the serratus anterior","passages":[{"title":"Serratus anterior muscle","text":"In primates , the thoracic cage is wide and the scapula is rotated onto its posterior side to have the glenoid cavity face laterally . Additionally , the clavicle takes care of medial forces . In cursorial mammals ( for example the horse and other quadrupeds ) , the scapula is hanging vertically on the side of the thorax and the clavicle is absent . Therefore , in climbing animals , the serratus anterior supports the scapula against the reaction forces of the free limb and exerts high bending forces on the ribs . To sustain these forces , the ribs have a pronounced curvature and are supported by the clavicle . In cursorial animals , the thorax is hanging between the scapulae at the serratus anterior and pectoralis muscles .","sentences":["In primates , the thoracic cage is wide and the scapula is rotated onto its posterior side to have the glenoid cavity face laterally .","Additionally , the clavicle takes care of medial forces .","In cursorial mammals ( for example the horse and other quadrupeds ) , the scapula is hanging vertically on the side of the thorax and the clavicle is absent .","Therefore , in climbing animals , the serratus anterior supports the scapula against the reaction forces of the free limb and exerts high bending forces on the ribs .","To sustain these forces , the ribs have a pronounced curvature and are supported by the clavicle .","In cursorial animals , the thorax is hanging between the scapulae at the serratus anterior and pectoralis muscles ."]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}
{"id":"818002923934435137","input":"how does the romanesque bust reliquary reflect another culture's influence","passages":[{"title":"Romanesque art","text":"With the fall of the Roman Empire , the tradition of carving large works in stone and sculpting figures in bronze died out , as it effectively did ( for religious reasons ) in the Byzantine world . Some life - size sculpture was evidently done in stucco or plaster , but surviving examples are understandably rare . The best - known surviving large sculptural work of Proto - Romanesque Europe is the life - size wooden Crucifix commissioned by Archbishop Gero of Cologne in about 960 -- 65 , apparently the prototype of what became a popular form . These were later set up on a beam below the chancel arch , known in English as a rood , from the twelfth century accompanied by figures of the Virgin Mary and John the Evangelist to the sides . During the 11th and 12th centuries , figurative sculpture strongly revived , and architectural reliefs are a hallmark of the later Romanesque period . Sources","sentences":["With the fall of the Roman Empire , the tradition of carving large works in stone and sculpting figures in bronze died out , as it effectively did ( for religious reasons ) in the Byzantine world .","Some life - size sculpture was evidently done in stucco or plaster , but surviving examples are understandably rare .","The best - known surviving large sculptural work of Proto - Romanesque Europe is the life - size wooden Crucifix commissioned by Archbishop Gero of Cologne in about 960 -- 65 , apparently the prototype of what became a popular form .","These were later set up on a beam below the chancel arch , known in English as a rood , from the twelfth century accompanied by figures of the Virgin Mary and John the Evangelist to the sides .","During the 11th and 12th centuries , figurative sculpture strongly revived , and architectural reliefs are a hallmark of the later Romanesque period .","Sources"]}],"output":[{"answer":"","meta":{"skip":false,"non_consecutive":false,"round":0,"annotator":[],"has_minimal_answer":false},"selected_sentences":[]}]}