Question: what was one effect of the latin american revolutions of the 19th century

title: Latin American wars of independence
text: Independence in Mexico was a protracted struggle from 1808 until the fall of royal government in 1821 and the establishment of independent Mexico . In the Viceroyalty of New Spain , as elsewhere in Spanish America in 1808 , reacted to the unexpected French invasion of the Iberian peninsula and the ouster of the Bourbon king , replaced by Joseph Bonaparte . Local American - born Spaniards saw the opportunity to seize local control from Viceroy José de Iturrigaray , who may well have been sympathetic to creoles aspirations . Iturrigaray was ousted by pro-royalists . A few creole elites sought independence , including Juan Aldama , and Ignacio Allende , but especially secular parish priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla . Hidalgo made a proclamation in his home parish of Dolores , which was not recorded in writing at the time , but denounced bad government and gachupines ( pejorative for peninsular - born Spaniards ) , and declared independence . The unorganized hordes following Hidalgo wrought destruction on property and the lives of whites in the region of the Bajío . Hidalgo was caught , defrocked , and executed in 1811 , along with Allende . Their heads remained on display until 1821 . His former student José María Morelos continued the rebellion and was himself caught and killed in 1815 .