Cuautitlán Izcalli

Cuautitlán Izcalli is a city and one of the 125 municipalities that make up the State of Mexico. Its municipal seat is Cuautitlán Izcalli. It is located in the Valley of Mexico area, and is part of the Metropolitan area of Mexico City. It borders to the north and northwest with Tepotzotlán, to the northeast and to the east with Cuautitlán, to the south with Tlalnepantla de Baz, to the southeast with Tultitlán, to the southwest with Atizapán de Zaragoza and to the west with the municipality of Nicolás Romero.
Identity elements
Shield
It is formed by a red triangle, fragmented in the center of each of its sides and with rounded corners, which represents the conjunction of the municipalities of Cuautitlán, Tepotzotlán and Tultitlán; Inside the triangle, a white circle stands out with ramifications towards each of the sides that form it. Forming a single image, a letter «C», in green, and a letter «I», in black, appear integrated.
Glyph
The glyph is formed by a tree with a tooth open in the center of the trunk, and means "abundance between the heads". The spindles or malacates with the cotton are the glyph that represented the goddess Tlazolteotl, protector of the weavers, and Izcalli is represented by the glyph calli, “house”.
Name
The name of the municipality has its origin in the language náhuatl, and means: "tu casa entre los árboles". See: Cuahu(i)-tl (tree), tlan (between), iz (here) which takes the meaning of your and calli (house), meaning that became the motto of the municipality.
History
There is proof that the place that the municipality occupies today has been important for more than two thousand years, when indigenous groups, including hunters nomadics and settled peoples, such as the teotihuacanos, the Toltecs, Chichimecas and Olmecs, occupied the territory. With the defeat and fall of Mexico-Tenochtitlan in 1521, the kingdom of Spain exercised its power in the newly conquered regions. Hernán Cortés entrusted the town of Cuautitlán to Alonso de Ávila and this, to his brother Gil González Dávila. During this time, Cuautitlán was one of the first places where the Franciscan friars taught their doctrine, because a nephew of Moctezuma Xocoyotzin, the Señor de Tenayuca, reigned there.
In the period of the independence war, in order to control by the Spanish the participation of the “rebels” in the war, a proclamation was issued to the sub-delegate of Cuautitlán, offering the grace of pardon to all those who belonged to its jurisdiction and who participated in the movement. Already promulgated, in 1827, the Political Constitution of the Free and Sovereign State of Mexico, the Departmental Board decreed on December 23, 1837, that the department of Mexico be divided into 13 districts, of which the fourth was Cuautitlán.
In 1855, nine districts and 33 districts were delimited, and the fifth was named Tlalnepantla, made up of that locality, Cuautitlán, Tlalpan and Zumpango. The history and strategic location gave rise to the original towns of the municipality: Axotlán, San Juan Atlamica, La Aurora, Santa Bárbara Tlacatecpan, San José Huilango, San Lorenzo Riotenco, San Mateo Ixtacalco, San Martín Tepetlixpan, Santa María Tianguistengo, San Francisco Tepojaco, Santiago Tepalcapa, El Rosario, and San Sebastián Xhala.
To keep the workers close to the various factories that flourished in the city, especially in the town of La Aurora, 225 adobe or tepetate houses were built around the facilities known as rancherías. They had services such as: drinking water, drainage, bathrooms, a tienda de raya called "La Vizcaya", a school (they were provided with supplies such as notebooks, pencils, books), streets and passenger cars for their transportation. La Vizcaya was the first factory that existed in this direction of Cuautitlán and that shipped products by rail.
In 1965, Gonzalo Monroy Ortega, then municipal president of Cuautitlán, asked the local legislature to make the colony of La Aurora disappear to become part of the town of La Aurora, but this request was not answered positively, because the two towns are only separated by a canal. On April 1, 1961, La Vizcaya closed due to the competition that arose at that time with the production of products derived from petroleum, which reduced the sale and distribution of coastals of natural fibers.
On July 31, 1971, the then President of the Republic, Luis Echeverría Álvarez, laid the first stone of the city, located next to what is now the Parque de las Esculturas. Originally, Cuautitlán Izcalli was planned to be the first self-sufficient city in the metropolitan area of the Valley of Mexico, and for this, a large part of the territory of existing municipalities was taken, such as Cuautitlán, Tepotzotlán, Tultitlán and Atizapán de Zaragoza. Like many other projects of the time, one of the objectives of building this city was the regulation of population growth and the reduction of congestion in the metropolitan area. The city was created using the plans of European and American cities as a base, which helped to transform the land into appropriate areas for the establishment of work, service and housing centers, with the idea of having sports areas and industrial, residential and green areas.
On May 1, 1972, President Luis Echeverría, together with the then Governor of the State of Mexico Carlos Hank González, made the symbolic delivery of 225 houses, and also began to operate the first office of telegraphs of Cuautitlán Izcalli; but it was not until August 21 of the same year, when the keys to the first 227 houses were handed over to normal school teachers from the entity and the first “Conasuper” shopping center was inaugurated in the vicinity of Plaza Isidro Fabela, in Cumbria.
Decree Number 71 of the H. XLV Legislature of the State of Mexico, signed on June 22, 1973, stipulates that the official name of municipality number 121 of the State of Mexico is Cuautitlán Izcalli:
Once the official designation of the city was finalized, the first political administration of the municipality was headed by the lawyer Gabriel Marcelino Ezeta Moll, who began his activities with a limited budget that amounted to 3 million 103 thousand 166 pesos until the end of 1973. Serving in the role of ruler from 1973 to 1976, the first seats of government were established first in the "Calmecac" secondary school in Cumbria, then in four houses on Jocotitlán street, later in some offices installed in the upper part of a sub-commercial center located on Jilotzingo street, and Finally, it was not until 1976 that a government building was established that began to function as the municipal presidency. The headquarters was inaugurated by Luis Cuauhtémoc Riojas Guajardo, who was elected as the second municipal president of Izcalli after the end of the term of governance of Gabriel Marcelino.
Politics
Demography
Religion
Cuautitlán Izcalli is one of the municipalities with the largest number of patron saint festivities of Catholic worship in the region.
On June 9, 2014, Pope Francis created the Diocese of Izcalli.
Cuautitlán Izcalli has several temples, two of which date from the XVII century:
San Lorenzo Río Tenco (also part of the XVI century)
Santa Bárbara Tlacatecpan
And two from the XVIII century:
San Juan Atlamica
San Mateo Ixtacalco
Public services
To mention some of the services that the municipality has, it is contemplated to:
Municipal police
Municipal Cruz Roja
Firefighters and civil protection
Organismo de Agua Potable Alcantarillado y Saneamiento (Operagua), municipal water supply manager
Public health:
General Hospital of Zone 57 of the IMSS
IMSS Family Medicine Unit Clinic No.52
Maternal and Child Clinic of the DIF
Neighborhoods
The neighborhoods of the municipality are listed below:
Adolfo López Mateos
Ampliación Ejidal San Isidro
Arboledas de San Miguel
Arcos de la Hacienda
Arcos del Alba
Atlanta primera sección
Atlanta segunda sección
Axotlán
Bellavista
Bosques de la Hacienda primera sección
Bosques de la Hacienda segunda sección
Bosques de la Hacienda tercera sección
Bosques del Alba I
Bosques del Alba II
Bosques del Lago
Bosques de Morelos
Bosques de Xhala
Campestre del Lago
Campo Uno
Claustros de San Miguel
Cofradía de San Miguel
Cofradía de San Miguel II
Cofradía de San Miguel III
Cofradía de San Miguel IV
Colinas del Lago
Complejo Industrial Cuamatla
Conjunto Urbano La Piedad
CTM
Centro Urbano
Cumbre Norte
Cumbria
Del Río
Ejidal San Isidro
El Cerrito
Elite Plaza
El Rosario
El Sabino
El Socorro
El Tikal
Ensueños
Ex Hacienda de San Miguel
Ferrocarrilera
Fidel Velázquez
Francisco Villa
Fuentes del Bosque
Fuentes del Tepeyac
Generalísimo José María Morelos y Pavón
Generalísimo José María Morelos y Pavón Sur
Granjas Lomas de Guadalupe
Hacienda del Parque primera sección
Hacienda del Parque segunda sección
Halcón Oriente
Parque Industrial Xhala
Infonavit Centro
Infonavit Norte primera sección
Infonavit Norte segunda sección
Infonavit Norte Consorcio
Infonavit Sur (Niños Héroes)
Infonavit Tepalcapa
Jardines de la Hacienda Norte
Jardines de la Hacienda Sur
Jardines del Alba
Jardines de San Miguel
Jardines de San Miguel lll
Jorge Jiménez Cantú
Joyas del Alba
La Aurora
La Capilla
La Conasupo
La Era
Lago de Guadalupe
La Joyita
La Perla
La Piedad
La Piedad Fase A
La Presita
La Quebrada Ampliación
La Quebrada Centro
Las Ánimas
Las Auroritas
Las Conchitas
Las Gaviotas
Las Huertas
Las Mariposas
Liverpool
Loma Bonita
Lomas del Bosque
Lomas de los Ángeles
Lomas de San Francisco Tepojaco
Los Ailes
Los Pájaros
Los Pinos
Luis Echeverría
México
Mirador Santa Rosa
Nopaltepec
Parque Industrial Cuautitlán
Parque Industrial La Joya
Parque Industrial La Luz
Paseo de los Jardines
Paseos de Izcalli
Paseos del Encanto
Plan de Guadalupe
Plan Maestro San Martín Obispo
Plaza Dorada
Punta Norte
Residencial La Joya
Residencial La Luz
Residencial Los Lirios
Rinconada Cuautitlán
Rinconada San Miguel
Rincón Colonial
Rincón del Bosque
San Antonio
San Francisco Tepojaco
San Isidro
San José Buenavista
San José Huilango
San Juan Atlamica
San Lorenzo Río Tenco
San Marcos Cuamatla
San Martín Obispo
San Martín Tepetlixpan
San Pablo de los Gallos
San Sebastián Xhala
Santa Bárbara
Santa María Guadalupe (La Quebrada)
Santa María Guadalupe Las Torres primera sección
Santa María Guadalupe Las Torres segunda sección
Santa María Tianguistengo
Santa Rosa de Lima
Santiago Tepalcapa
Sección Parques
Torres Álgibe
Tres de Mayo
Tres Picos
Tulipanes
Unidad Cívica Bacardi
Urbi Hacienda Balboa
Urbi Quinta Montecarlo
Valle de la Hacienda
Valle de las Flores
Valle Esmeralda
Villas del Sol
Viveros 2
Villages
Cuautitlán Izcalli was formed from 13 original villages:
Geography
It has a territorial extension of 109.54 square kilometers, it represents 0.5% of the surface of the State of Mexico.
The highest portions are located to the south of the municipality at a maximum height of 2430 m s. n. m. (metros sobre el nivel del mar, English: meters above sea level) and the lowest is to the west with 2200 m s. n. m., the municipal seat is at 2280 m s. n. m.
Location and access
The municipality of Cuautitlán Izcalli is located in the northwestern part of the Mexico Basin. It has a territorial extension of 109,924 km2.
Its location is along the infrastructure chain formed by the Mexico-Querétaro highway, México-Pachuca, México-Puebla, Chamapa-Lechería, and Peñón-Texcoco, with which a large number of areas are connected conurbations through high-specification highways, and integrated in turn, towards the regions of Toluca, Puebla, Hidalgo and Querétaro. Izcalli is also connected to the Tren Suburbano.
It has four entrances: the entrance of Constitución avenue, Chalma avenue, Adolfo López Mateos avenue, México Cuautitlán avenue. The authorities of Cuautitlán Izcalli, in coordination with the government of the State of Mexico, built the James Watt bridge, which increased by 75 percent the capacity of vehicles at the entrance of the Mexico-Cuautitlán highway.
Hydrography
The principal water currents in Izcalli are the río Cuautitlán, which crosses an approximate extension of 40 km of the municipal territory, and the Hondo de Tepotzotlán River. The main bodies of water in the municipality are:
Presa de Guadalupe
Laguna de la Piedad
Espejo de los Lirios
Presa de Angulo
Laguna de Axotlán
Lago de Guadalupe
El lago de Guadalupe is a dam that was built between 1936 and 1943, for flood control and irrigation. It extends over 348 hectares, being 2,200 meters above sea level. It belongs to the basin of the Moctezuma River.
The dam is the second most important body of water in the Valley of Mexico, and is supplied by the Cuautitlán, Xinte and San Pedro rivers. Starting in 2006, as a result of the death of hundreds of fish between the months of May 2004 and February 2005, the Guadalupe Dam Basin Commission was created, with the aim of restoring the natural resources of this sub-basin, in addition to promoting sustainable development, having as its main axis this water resource.
Ecosystems
The municipality has a great variety of vegetation, mainly made up of forests and grasslands. The former occupy a land area of approximately 451 hectares. The main reason why the municipality has several green areas is because the initial construction lands were covered by several plains.
Natural areas
The Presa de Guadalupe is a protected natural area which is shared with Nicolás Romero, a neighboring municipality of Izcalli. As it is a protected area with the category of state park, it falls under the exclusive jurisdiction and competence of the State of Mexico, for which reason it is managed by the Secretary of the Environment of the Government of the State of Mexico, through the Comisión Estatal de Parques Naturales y de la Fauna (CEPANAF),.
Other green areas in the city include the Parque Espejo de los Lirios, the Parque Central, and the laguna de Axotlán, a body of water belonging to the town of the same name dating from the year 1627. Although this lagoon is also considered a protected area, there have been several times in which businessmen have tried to dry it to be able to build, highlighting the attempts of 2002, 2010, 2014, and 2021.
Economy
Shopping malls in the city include Centro San Miguel, San Marcos Power Center, and Luna Parc, which compete with Galerías Perinorte to the south of the municipality. Ford Motor Company's Cuautitlán Assembly plant is based in Izcalli, assembling Fiestas (F-Series before 2010). Companies like Alpura and Becton Dickinson installed their industrial plants in this municipality.
Culture
Some of the cultural centers and places that Izcalli has include:
The Centro Regional de Cultura Cuautitlán Izcalli, a cultural space managed by the Instituto Mexiquense de Cultura in which workshops are given on ballet, Mexican folk dance, theater, guitar, piano, children's theater, singing, among other classes.
The Plaza Estado de México, inaugurated on April 20, 2013, in homage to the Mexican Army and the Mexican Air Force, it is located next to the Mexico-Querétaro Highway.
The Parque de las Esculturas, that offers an environment in nature, accompanied by the art of the sculptor Charlotte Yazbek.
The Teatro San Benito Abad, which belongs to the private school Centro Escolar del Lago, has a capacity of 1,500 spectators.
Sport
Arena Mamá Lucha-S
The Arena Mamá Lucha-S is an arena and promotion of professional wrestling, inaugurated on November 16, 2019.
Estadio Hugo Sánchez Márquez
The Estadio Hugo Sánchez Márquez is a stadium opened in 2003, which is also used for family walks.
City and municipal seat
By 2005 Mexican national intermediary (conteo) census figures, the city of Cuautitlán Izcalli is the sixth-most populous in the state, with its population of 477,872 dominating a municipality of 498,021 people.
References
External links
Ayuntamiento de Cuautitlán Izcalli Official website
Comercio en Cuautitlán Izcalli Comercio en Cuautitlan Izcalli
1971 establishments in Mexico
Populated places in the State of Mexico
Mexico City metropolitan area