Iran–Pakistan border

Iran–Pakistan border
The Iran–Pakistan border is the international boundary that separates Iran and Pakistan. It demarcates the Iranian province of Sistan and Baluchestan from the Pakistani province of Balochistan, and is in length.
Description
The border begins at the tripoint with Afghanistan at the Kuh-i-Malik Salih mountain, then follows a straight line going south-east, then a series of mountain ridges, seasonal streams and the Tahlab river south-west to the vicinity of Hamun-e Mashkel lake. The boundary then veers sharply southwards via a series of straight lines, then east along some mountains to the Mashkil river, which it follows southwards, before reaching the Nahang river which it follows westwards. It leaves the Nahang and then goes overland via various mountains ridges and straight line segments southwards to Gwadar Bay in the Gulf of Oman.
History
The modern boundary cuts through the region known as Balochistan, an area long contested between various empires centred in Persia (Iran), Afghanistan and Pakistan. From the 18th century onwards the British gradually took control of most of India, including what is now Pakistan, bringing it into close proximity with lands traditionally claimed by Persia. In 1871 the British (representing the Khan of Kalat) and the Persians agreed to define their mutual frontier; a boundary commission surveyed the area the following year but did not mark the border on the ground. Some minor alignment issues stemming from this were tidied up via another joint treaty in 1905.
In 1947, the British departed, and Pakistan gained independence from British India. Iran and Pakistan confirmed their mutual border by treating in 1958–59, fully mapping the border area and demarcating it on the ground with pillars.
In June 2023, there was a terrorist attack at the Iran Pakistan border. Some Pakistan border patrol officers were killed. A few days before that, there was another terrorist attack at the border and 5 Iranian border patrol officers were killed.
Border barriers
Iranian fencing project (2011)
The 3 ft (91.4 cm) thick and 10 ft (3.05 m) high concrete wall, fortified with steel rods, will span the 700 km frontier stretching from Taftan to Mand. The project will include large earth and stone embankments and deep ditches to deter illegal trade crossings and drug smuggling to both side. The border region is already dotted with police observation towers and fortress-style garrisons for troops. Iran and Pakistan do not have border disputes or other irredentist claims and Pakistan's Foreign Ministry has stated, "Pakistan has no reservation because Iran is constructing the fence on its territory"
History and stated purpose
The wall is being constructed to stop illegal border crossings and stem the flow of drugs, and is also a response to terror attacks, notably the one in the Iranian border town of Zahedan on February 17, 2007, which killed 13 people, including nine Iranian Revolutionary Guard officials. However Pakistani Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Tasnim Aslam denied any link between the fence and the bomb blast, saying that Iran was not blaming these incidents on Pakistan.
Reactions to the barrier
The Foreign Ministry of Pakistan has said that Iran has the right to erect border fencing in its territory. However, opposition to the construction of the wall was raised in the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan. It maintained that the wall would create problems for the Baloch people whose lands straddle the border region. The community would become further divided politically and socially, with their trade and social activities being seriously impeded. Leader of the Opposition Kachkol Ali said the governments of the two countries had not taken the Baloch into their confidence on this matter, demanded that the construction of the wall be stopped immediately, and appealed to the international community to help the Baloch people.
Pakistani fencing project (2019)
In 2019, Pakistan announced to fence its border with Iran.
In May 2019, Pakistan approved $18.6 Million funds to fence border with Iran.
In September 2021, Pakistan approved $58.5 Million additional funds for border fencing.
As of mid-2021, Pakistan has fenced 46% of border and is expected to be fully fenced by December 2021.
As of January 2022, Pakistan has fenced 80% of border. Interior Ministry stated that remaining border will also be fenced.
Border crossings and markets
On the Pakistani side, the Frontier Corps are responsible for looking after the border security and Immigration. On the Iranian side, the Iranian Revolutionary Guards are responsible for the border security.
Pakistan-Iran shares four official border crossings. The two official border crossings Taftan and Gabd can be used for the pedestrian as well as for the trade. While Mand and Chadgi are only reserved for the trade.
Moreover, Iran and Pakistan have decided to construct six joint-border markets to boost trade. In the first phase, three markets will be opened in the border points of Kuhak-Chadgi, Rimdan-Gabd and Pishin-Mand areas. In the second phase, border markets will be set up at three other border points.
The first three border markets out of six have already been constructed and operationalized at Gabd, Mand and Chadgi.
Road
Rail
Taftan / Mirjaveh, on the line between Quetta and Zahedan
Settlements near the border
Iran
Lar Marud
Zahedan
Kacheh Rud
Mirjaveh
Ladiz
Narreh Now
Jaleq
Kalleh
Fahreh
Murt
Esfandak
Kavari
Pishin
Kushak
Pakistan
Sohtagan
Qila Ladgasht
Washap
Sar-i Parom
Girbum
Sohrag
Abdui
Taftan
Sirag
Kurumb
Jiwani
See also
Iran–Pakistan relations
References
External links
Iran to wall off Baluchistan border, Al Jazeera
’بلوچوں کوتقسیم کیاجا رہا ہے‘, BBC
Iran raising wall along border with Pakistan
border
Borders of Iran
Borders of Pakistan
International borders
Balochistan
Border barriers