Ministry of Education (China)

Ministry of Education (China)
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is the fourth-ranked executive department of the State Council, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs throughout the country. The Ministry of Education acts as the predominant funder of national universities and colleges in China. The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, degree curriculum, and school teachers of the country.
The Ministry of Education currently has 19 internal departments and bureaus. There are 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.
Establishment
The Ministry of Education was one of the first central government departments created. In October 1949, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Cultural and Education Committee of the Government Affairs Council and the Ministry of Education of the Central People's Government were established. In November 1952, the Ministry of Higher Education of the Central People's Government, the Sports Committee of the Central People's Government, and the Illiteracy Eradication Working Committee of the Central People's Government were added. In 1954, the Ministry of Education was reorganized and the responsibilities of the Illiteracy Elimination Committee were merged into the Ministry of Education. In February 1958, the Ministry of Higher Education was merged into the Ministry of Education. In July 1964, the Ministry of Higher Education was restored. In July 1966, the Ministry of Higher Education was once again merged into the Ministry of Education.
In June 1970, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to abolish the Ministry of Education and establish the Science and Education Group of the State Council. In January 1975, the Fourth National People's Congress decided to restore the Ministry of Education. On June 18, 1985, the Eleventh Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress decided to abolish the Ministry of Education and establish the National Education Commission of the People's Republic of China. In 1998, the Decision on Institutional Reform of the State Council was adopted at the First Session of the Ninth National People's Congress, and the National Education Commission was renamed the Ministry of Education.
Responsibilities
According to the "Regulations on the Functional Configuration, Internal Organizations and Staffing of the Ministry of Education" of 2008, the Ministry of Education assumes the following responsibilities:
Formulate guidelines, policies and plans for education reform and development, draft relevant laws and regulations and supervise their implementation.
Responsible for the overall planning and coordinated management of all types of education at all levels, working with relevant departments to formulate standards for the establishment of schools at all levels and types, guiding the education and teaching reform of all types of schools at all levels, and responsible for the statistics, analysis and release of basic education information.
Responsible for promoting the balanced development of compulsory education and promoting educational equity, responsible for the macro guidance and coordination of compulsory education, and guiding general high school education, early childhood education and special education. Formulate basic education teaching requirements and basic teaching documents, organize the review and approval of basic education national curriculum materials, and fully implement quality education.
Guide the national education supervision work, be responsible for organizing and guiding the supervision, inspection, evaluation and acceptance of secondary and lower secondary education and the eradication of illiteracy among young adults, and guide the monitoring of the development level and quality of basic education.
Guide the development and reform of employment-oriented vocational education, formulate secondary vocational education professional catalogs, teaching guidance documents and teaching evaluation standards, and guide the construction of secondary vocational education teaching materials and career guidance.
Guide the development and reform of higher education and assume the responsibility of deepening the reform of the management system of directly affiliated universities. Develop higher education discipline catalogs and teaching guidance documents, review the establishment, renaming, cancellation and adjustment of higher education institutions together with relevant departments, be responsible for the implementation and coordination of the "Project 211" and "Project 985", and coordinate and guide all types of higher education and continuing education , to guide the improvement of higher education evaluation work.
Responsible for the overall management of the department’s education funds, participating in the formulation of policies for education fund raising, education appropriation, and education infrastructure investment, and responsible for statistics on national education funding investment.
Coordinate and guide the education work of ethnic minorities, and coordinate educational assistance to ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas.
Guide the ideological and political work, moral education work, physical health and art education work, and national defense education work in all types of schools at all levels, and guide the party building and stabilization work in colleges and universities.
Be in charge of the work of teachers nationwide, work with relevant departments to formulate qualification standards for teachers at all levels and guide their implementation, and guide the construction of talent teams in the education system.
Responsible for various types of higher education admissions examinations and student status and academic qualification management, work with relevant departments to formulate higher education enrollment plans, participate in the formulation of employment policies for graduates of ordinary colleges and universities, and guide ordinary colleges and universities to carry out employment and entrepreneurship for college students.
Plan and guide the natural sciences, philosophy, and social science research of colleges and universities, coordinate and guide colleges and universities to participate in the construction of the national innovation system and undertake the implementation of various science and technology plans such as major national science and technology projects, and guide the science and technology innovation platforms of colleges and universities The development and construction of education informatization and the integration of industry, academia and research will be guided.
Organize and guide international exchanges and cooperation in education, formulate policies for studying abroad, studying in China, Sino-foreign cooperative education and school management for foreigners’ children, plan, coordinate and guide the international promotion of Chinese, and carry out cooperation with Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan educational cooperation and exchange.
Formulate guidelines and policies for national language and writing work, formulate medium- and long-term plans for language and writing work, formulate norms and standards for Chinese and minority languages and writing, organize and coordinate supervision and inspections, and guide and promote Putonghua work and Putonghua teacher training.
Responsible for the national degree awarding work, the implementation of the national degree system, and the international degree equivalence and mutual recognition of degrees.
Responsible for coordinating relevant Chinese departments to carry out international cooperation with UNESCO in the fields of education, science and technology, culture and other fields, and responsible for liaison work with the UNESCO Secretariat and related institutions and organizations.
Undertake other matters assigned by the State Council.
Organizational structure
According to the "Regulations on the Functional Configuration, Internal Organizations and Staffing of the Ministry of Education", the Ministry of Education has set up the following institutions:
Internal departments
General Department
Department of Policies and Regulations
Development Planning Department
Comprehensive Reform Department
Personnel Department
Finance Department
Teaching Materials Bureau (Office of the National Teaching Materials Committee)
Department of Basic Education
Off-campus Education and Training Supervision Department
Department of Vocational and Adult Education
higher education department
Education Supervision Bureau (Office of the State Council Education Supervision Commission)
Department of Ethnic Education
Department of Teacher Affairs
Department of Physical Education, Health and Arts Education
Ideological and Political Work Department
Social Sciences Division
Department of Science, Technology and Information Technology
Department of College and University Students
Department of Degree Management and Graduate Education (Office of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council)
Language and Words Application Management Department
Language and Words Information Management Department
Department of International Cooperation and Exchange (Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Office)
Office of the Inspector
Party Committee of the Ministry of Education
Retired Cadres Bureau
Secretariat of the Chinese National Commission for UNESCO
Affiliate national bureau
National Language and Words Work Committee (Deputy Ministerial Level)
Affiliate public institutions
Ministry of Education Service Center
National Institute of Educational Administration
Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences (Office of the National Educational Science Planning Leading Group)
Research Center for Scientific Development of Higher Education Institutions of the Ministry of Education
Vocational Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education
Chinese and Foreign Language Exchange and Cooperation Center of the Ministry of Education
Institute of Language and Character Applications (State Language Commission Putonghua and Character Application Testing Center)
National Open University (National University for the Elderly)
Educational Technology and Resource Development Center of the Ministry of Education (Central Audio-visual Education Center, Basic Education Resource Center of the Ministry of Education)
China Educational Television
Ministry of Education Education Management Information Center
Curriculum Materials Research Institute
Secretariat of China Scholarship Council
Ministry of Education Fund Supervision Affairs Center
National Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education
China Education Press
Educational Examination Agency of the Ministry of Education (Teacher Qualification Examination Center of the Ministry of Education, International Educational Measurement Exchange and Cooperation Center)
Ministry of Education Study Abroad Service Center (China Study Abroad Service Center)
National Student Financial Aid Management Center
Ministry of Education Student Services and Quality Development Center
Degree and Graduate Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education
Education Quality Assessment Center of the Ministry of Education
Chinese and Foreign Cultural Exchange Center of the Ministry of Education
Ministry of Education Communication and Education Center
Affiliate higher education institutions
There are 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.
Peking University
Renmin University of China
Tsinghua University
Beijing Normal University
China Agricultural University
Nankai University
Tianjin University
Dalian University of Technology
Jilin University
Fudan University
Tongji University
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Nanjing University
Southeast University
Zhejiang University
Xiamen University
Shandong University
Wuhan University
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Central South University
Sun Yat-sen University
Chongqing University
Sichuan University
Xi'an Jiaotong University
Northwest A&F University
Lanzhou University
Northeastern University
East China Normal University
Ocean University of China
Hunan University
South China University of Technology
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
University of Science and Technology Beijing
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Beijing Language and Culture University
Beijing Foreign Language University
Beijing Jiaotong University
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
Communication University of China
Beijing Forestry University
China University of Political Science and Law
Central University of Finance and Economics
Central Conservatory of Music
Central Academy of Drama
Central Academy of Fine Arts
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
Foreign Economic and Trade University
North China Electric Power University
China University of Mining (Beijing)
China University of Geosciences (Beijing)
Northeast Normal University
Northeast Forestry University
East China University of Science and Technology
Donghua University
Shanghai International Studies University
Shanghai University of Finance and Economics
He Hai University
Nanjing Agricultural University
China Pharmaceutical University
Jiangnan University
China University of Mining
Hefei University of Technology
China University of Petroleum (East China)
Wuhan University of Technology
China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)
Huazhong Normal University
Huazhong Agricultural University
Zhongnan University of Economics and Law
Southwest University
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics
Southwest Jiaotong University
Shaanxi Normal University
Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology
Chang'an University
Affiliate enterprises
China Education Publishing and Media Group Co., Ltd.
People's Education Press Co., Ltd.
Higher Education Press Ltd.
Chinese Language Publishing House Co., Ltd.
Language and Culture Press
China Audio and Video Publishing House
Educational Science Press Co., Ltd.
List of Education Ministers
See also
Education in China
History of education in China
List of universities in China
English Medium Medical Schools
Guozijian
References
External links
Education
China
Education in China
China, Education