Fasciolariidae

Fasciolariidae is a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea. Species in Fasciolariidae are commonly known as tulip snails and spindle snails.
The family Fasciolariidae probably appeared about 110 million years ago during the Cretaceous
Distribution
The recent species inhabit tropical to temperate waters.
Description
The shells are usually reddish in color and have a moderate to large size, reaching a height between 1.0 and 60 cm. The shells are spindle-shaped and biconic. The spire is elongated. The siphonal canal is well developed and is long to moderately long. The columella varies between a smooth appearance and showing spiral folds. The horny operculum has an oval shape. Their radula is characteristic with narrow central teeth with three cusps. The wide lateral teeth show numerous ctenoid (= comblike) cusps.
Snails in the family Fasciolariidae are carnivorous. They feed on other gastropods and on bivalves. Some also prey on worms and barnacles.
The snails are gonochoristic, i.e. the individuals have just one sex. The female snails deposit their eggs in horny capsules either in a single form or in clusters arranged around a hollow axis. The single forms have a flattened, disk-shaped, or vase-shaped form. The clusters are hemispherical or cylindrical. Development is usually direct. The larvae emerge from the capsules as free-swimming young or as crawling young.
Taxonomy
According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), the Fasciolariidae consist of the following subfamilies:
Clavilithinae Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 †
Fasciolariinae Gray, 1853
Fusininae Wrigley, 1927 - synonyms: Fusinae Swainson, 1840 (inv.); Cyrtulidae MacDonald, 1869; Streptochetinae Cossmann, 1901
Peristerniinae Tryon, 1880 - synonym: Latiridae Iredale, 1929
Genera
Genera in the family Fasciolariidae include (fossil genera are marked with a dagger):
subfamily Clavilithinae Vermeij & Snyder, 2018 †
† Africolithes Eames, 1957
† Austrolithes Finlay, 1931
† Chiralithes Olsson, 1930
† Clavellofusus Grabau, 1904
† Clavilithes Swainson, 1840
† Cosmolithes Grabau, 1904
† Mancorus Olsson, 1931
† Papillina Conrad, 1855
† Perulithes Olsson, 1930
† Clavella Swainson, 1835 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † (Junior homonym of Clavella Oken, 1815. Has been renamed Clavilithes.)
† Rhopalithes Grabau, 1904 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 † (objective synonym)
† Turrispira Conrad, 1866 accepted as Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 †
† Daphnobela Cossmann, 1896
† Euthriofusus Cossmann, 1901
subfamily Fasciolariinae
Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799 - type genus, the Tulip shells
Africolaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
Araiofusus Callomon & Snyder, 2017
Aurantilaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
Australaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
Bellifusus Stephenson, 1941 †
Boltenella Wade, 1917 †
Brucia Cossmann, 1920 †
Calkota Squires & Saul, 2003
Cinctura Hollister, 1957
Conradconfusus Snyder, 2002 †
Cryptorhytis Meek, 1876 †
Drilliovoluta Cossmann, 1925 †
Drilluta Wade, 1916 †
Filifusus Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
Glaphyrina Finlay, 1926
Granolaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
Haplovoluta Wade, 1918 †
Hercorhyncus Conrad, 1869 †
Hylus Wade, 1917 †
Kilburnia Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
Liochlamys Dall, 1889 †
Lirofusus Conrad, 1865 †
Lugubrilaria Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
Lyonsifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Mariafusus Petuch, 1988 †
Micasarcina Squires & Saul, 2003 †
Microcolus Cotton & Godfrey, 1932
Microfulgur Finlay & Marwick, 1937
Mylecoma Squires & Saul, 2003 †
Odontofusus Whitfield, 1892 †
Paleopsephaea Wade, 1926 †
Parafusus Wade, 1918 †
Perse B.L. Clark, 1918 †
Piestochilus Meek, 1864 †
Plectocion Stewart, 1927 †
Pleia Finlay, 1930
Pleuroploca P. Fischer, 1884
Pliculofusus Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012 †
Saginafusus Iredale, 1931
Scobina Wade, 1917 †
Serrifusus Meek, 1876 †
Skyles Saul & Popenoe, 1993 †
Terebraspira Conrad, 1862 †
Trichifusus Bandel, 2000 †
Triplofusus Olsson & Harbison, 1953
Wadia Cossmann, 1920 †
Whitneyella Stewart, 1927 †
Woodsella Wade, 1926 †
subfamily Fusininae
Fusus Bruguière, 1789 : synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Aegeofusinus Russo, 2017
Africofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Amiantofusus Fraussen, Kantor & Hadorn, 2007
† Angustifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Apertifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Aptyxis Troschel, 1868
Araiofusus Callomon & Snyder, 2017
Ariefusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Aristofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Barbarofusus Grabau & Shimer, 1909
Callifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Chryseofusus Hadorn & Fraussen, 2003
Cyrtulus Hinds, 1843 - Cyrtulus serotinus Hinds, 1843
Enigmofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
† Eofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Falsicolus Finlay, 1930
Falsifusus Grabau, 1904 †
Fredenia Cadée & Janssen, 1994 †
Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815 - type genus of the subfamily Fusininae
Gemmocolus Maxwell, 1992 †
Goniofusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Gracilipurpura Jousseaume, 1880
Granulifusus Kuroda & Habe, 1954
Harasewychia Petuch, 1987
Harfordia Dall, 1921
Heilprinia Grabau, 1904
Helolithus Agassiz, 1846 †
Hesperaptyxis Snyder & Vermeij, 2016
Lepidocolus Maxwell, 1992 †
Liracolus Maxwell, 1992 †
Lyonsifusus Vermeij & Snyder, 2018
Marmorofusus Snyder & Lyons, 2014
Okutanius Kantor, Fedosov, Snyder & Bouchet, 2018
Ollaphon Iredale, 1929
Priscofusus Conrad, 1865 †
Profusinus Bandel, 2000 †
Propefusus Iredale, 1924
Pseudaptyxis Petuch, 1988 †
Pullincola de Gregorio, 1894 †
Remera Stephenson, 1941 †
Rhopalithes Grabau, 1904 †
Simplicifusus Kira, 1972
Solutofusus Pritchard, 1898 †
Spirilla Agassiz, 1842 †
Streptocarina Hinsch, 1977 †
Streptochetus Cossmann, 1889 †
Streptodictyon Tembrock, 1961 †
Streptolathyrus Cossmann, 1901 †
Tectifusus Tate, 1893 †
Trophonofusus Kuroda & Habe, 1971
Turrispira Conrad, 1866 †
Vermeijius Kantor, Fedosov, Snyder & Bouchet, 2018
Viridifusus Snyder, Vermeij & Lyons, 2012
subfamily Peristerniinae
Peristernia Mörch, 1852 - type genus of the subfamily Peristerniinae
Aptycholathyrus Cossman & Pissarro, 1905 †
Ascolatirus Bellardi, 1884 †
Benimakia Habe, 1958
Brocchitas Finlay, 1927 †
Bullockus Lyons & Snyder, 2008
Dennantia Tate, 1888 †
Dentifusus Vermeij & Rosenberg, 2003
Dolicholatirus Bellardi, 1886
Eolatirus Bellardi, 1884 †
Exilifusus Conrad, 1865 †
Fractolatirus Iredale, 1936
Fusolatirus Kuroda & Habe, 1971
Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899
Lathyropsis Oostingh, 1939 †
Latirofusus Cossmann, 1889
Latirogona Laws, 1944 †
Latirolagena Harris, 1897
Latirulus Cossmann, 1889
Latirus Montfort, 1810
Leucozonia Gray, 1847
Lightbournus Lyons & Snyder, 2008
Liochlamys Dall, 1889 †
Mazzalina Conrad, 1960 †
Neolatirus Bellardi, 1884 †
Nodolatirus Bouchet & Snyder, 2013
Nodopelagia Hedley, 1915
Opeatostoma Berry, 1958
Plesiolatirus Bellardi, 1884 †
Plicatella Swainson, 1840
Polygona Schumacher, 1817
Psammostoma Vermeij & Snyder, 2002 †
Pseudolatirus Bellardi, 1884
Pustulatirus Vermeij & Snyder, 2006
Ruscula Casey, 1904 †
Streptopelma Cossmann, 1901 †
Tarantinaea Monterosato, 1917
Taron Hutton, 1883
Teralatirus Coomans, 1965
Turrilatirus Vermeij & M.A. Snyder, 2006
Subfamily ?
Crassibougia Stahlschmidt & Fraussen, 2012
Genera brought into synonymy
Aptyxis Troschel, 1868: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Buccinofusus Conrad, 1868: synonym of Conradconfusus Snyder, 2002 †
Bulbifusus Conrad, 1865 †: synonym of Mazzalina Conrad, 1960 †
Chasca Clench & Aguayo, 1941: synonym of Chascax Watson, 1873: synonym of Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899
Chascax Watson, 1873: synonym of Hemipolygona Rovereto, 1899
Cinctura Hollister, 1957: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799
Clavella Swainson, 1835: synonym of Clavilithes Swainson, 1840 †
Cymatium Link, 1807: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810
Exilifusus Gabb, 1876 †: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Fusilatirus McGinty, 1955: synonym of Dolicholatirus Bellardi, 1884
Fusus Bruguière, 1789: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Gracilipurpura Jousseaume, 1881 †: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Heilprinia Grabau, 1904: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Iaeranea Rafinesque, 1815: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799
Lagena Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Latirolagena Harris, 1897
Lathyrus Schinz, 1825: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810
Latirofusus Cossmann, 1889: synonym of Dolicholatirus Bellardi, 1884
Latyrus Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Latirus Montfort, 1810
Propefusus Iredale, 1924: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Pseudofusus Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Pseudolatirus Cossmann, 1889 †: synonym of Streptolathyrus Cossmann, 1901 †
Simplicifusus Kira, 1972: synonym of Granulifusus Kuroda & Habe, 1954
Sinistralia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Fusinus Rafinesque, 1815
Tarantinaea Monterosato, 1917: synonym of Fasciolaria Lamarck, 1799
References
External links
Gastropod families
Taxa named by John Edward Gray