Low Alemannic German

Low Alemannic German is a branch of Alemannic German, which is part of Upper German. Its varieties are only partly intelligible to non-Alemannic speakers.
Subdivisions
Lake Constance Alemannic (de)
Northern Vorarlberg (de)
Allgäu dialect (de)
Baar dialect
Southern Württemberg
Upper Rhenish Alemannic (de)
Basel German
Baden dialects north of Markgräflerland
Alsatian, spoken in Alsace, in some villages of the Phalsbourg county in Lorraine and by some Amish in Indiana
Low Alemannic dialects in the Black Forest
Colonia Tovar dialect, Venezuela
Features
The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from High Alemannic is the retention of Germanic /k/, for instance kalt 'cold' vs. High Alemannic chalt.
The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from Swabian is the retention of the Middle High German monophthongs, for instance Huus 'house' vs. Swabian Hous or Ziit 'time' vs. Swabian Zejt.
Orthography
(All of the below is specific to the dialects spoken near Freiburg im Breisgau)
Vowels:
Consonants:
Are as in Standard German, with the following notes:
kh is an aspirated
ng is a velar nasal
ngg is a velar nasal followed by a velar plosive
ph is an aspirated
th is an aspirated
Articles
Definite Article
Indefinite Article
Substantives
Plurals
Class I: Plural = Singular (e.g. Ääber → Ääber)
Class II: Plural = Singular + Umlaut (e.g. Baum → Baim; Vader → Väder)
Class IIIa: Plural = Singular + -e (e.g. Man → Mane; Ags → Agse)
Class IIIb: Plural = Singular + -̈e (e.g. Frosch → Fresche)
Class IVa: Plural = Singular + -er (e.g. Lyyb → Lyyber; Schùg → Schùger)
Class IVb: Plural = Singular + -̈er (e.g. Wald → Wälder; Blad → Bleder)
Class V: No Plural (e.g. Chees; Zemänd)
Class VI: No Singular (Plural Only) (e.g. Bilger; Fèèrine)
Diminutives
Standard ending is -li (e.g. Aimer → Aimerli)
If the word ends in -l, then the ending is -eli (e.g. Dääl → Dääleli)
If the word ends in -el, then the ending is -i (e.g. Degel → Degeli)
If the word ends in -e, remove the -e and add -li (e.g. Bèère → Bèèrli)
The rules for this can be quite complex and depend on the region. Sometimes diminutives require umlaut, other times not.
Adjectives
Weak Declension
Strong Declension
Comparative
Standard ending -er (e.g. fèin --> fèiner)
Superlative
Standard ending -(e)schd (e.g. fèin --> fèinschd)
Irregular
Pronouns
Personal Pronouns
Verbs
1. Infinitive
Infinitive ends in -e
Some monosyllabic verbs do not have this ending (e.g. chùù, döe, goo, gschää, haa, loo, nee, sää, schdoo, schlaa, syy, zie, etc.)
2. Participle
2.1 Prefix
The prefix for g- or ge-
Before b, d, g, bf, dsch, and z is merged into the word and not visible (e.g. broochd, glaubd, etc.)
2.2 Suffix
Strong Verbs end in -e (e.g. gäse, glofe)
Weak Verbs end in -d or -ed (e.g. bùzd, gchaufd)
2.3 Types
2.3.1 Infinitive and Present Sg y/èi/ai - Participle i
2.3.1.1 y > i (e.g. abwyyse > abgwiise)
2.3.1.2 èi > i (e.g. verzèie > verziie)
2.3.1.3 ai > i (e.g. schaide > gschiide)
2.3.2 Infinitive and Present Sg ie/u/au/èi/i - Participle o/öu/öe
2.3.2.1 ie > o (e.g. biede > bode)
2.3.2.2 u > o (e.g. sufe > gsofe)
2.3.2.3 au > o (e.g. laufe > glofe)
2.3.2.4 èi > öu (e.g. rèie > gröue)
2.3.2.5 ie > öe (e.g. riefe > gröefe)
2.3.2.5 i > o (e.g. wiige > gwooge)
2.3.3 Infinitive and Present Sg i - Participle ù
2.3.3.1 i > u (e.g. binde > bùnde)
2.3.4 Infinitive ä/e - Present i - Participle o/u
2.3.4.1 ä - i - o (e.g. bräche > broche)
2.3.4.2 ä - i - u (e.g. hälfe > ghùlfe)
2.3.4.3 e/è - i - o (e.g. verdèèrbe > verdoorbe)
2.3.4.4 e - i - ù (e.g. schmelze > gschmùlze)
2.3.5 Infinitive ä/i - Present i - Participle ä
2.3.5.1 ä - i - ä (e.g. äse > gäse)
2.3.5.2 i - i - ä (e.g. bide > bäde)
2.3.6 Infinitive Vowel is the same as the Participle
2.3.5.1 (e.g. bache > bache; fale > gfale)
3. Conjugation
3.1 Present Tense
3.1.1 Regular Verb
Numbers
References
Swiss German language
Languages of Austria
Languages of Germany
German dialects