Harry Kupfer

Harry Kupfer
Harry Alfred Robert Kupfer (12 August 1935 – 30 December 2019) was a German opera director and academic. A long-time director at the Komische Oper Berlin, he worked at major opera houses and at festivals internationally. Trained by Walter Felsenstein, he worked in the tradition of realistic directing. At the Bayreuth Festival, he staged Wagner's Der fliegende Holländer in 1978 and Der Ring des Nibelungen in 1988. At the Salzburg Festival, he directed the premiere of Penderecki's Die schwarze Maske in 1986 and Der Rosenkavalier by Richard Strauss in 2014.
Career
Born in Berlin, Kupfer studied theatre at the Theaterhochschule Leipzig from 1953 to 1957. He was the assistant director at the Landestheater Halle, where he directed his first opera, Dvořák's Rusalka, in 1958. From 1958 to 1962, he worked at the Theater Stralsund, then at the Theater in Karl-Marx-Stadt, from 1966 as opera director at the Nationaltheater Weimar, also lecturing at the Hochschule für Musik Franz Liszt, Weimar from 1967 to 1972. In 1971, he staged as a guest at the Staatsoper Berlin Die Frau ohne Schatten by Richard Strauss.
Kupfer was opera director at the Staatsoper Dresden from 1972 to 1982. In 1973, he staged abroad for the first time: Elektra by Richard Strauss at the Graz Opera. He was from 1977 professor at the Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber Dresden. In 1978, he was invited to direct Der fliegende Holländer at the Bayreuth Festival, conducted by Dennis Russell Davies. He staged the story in a psychological interpretation as the heroine Senta's imaginations and obsessions.
Kupfer was chief director at the Komische Oper Berlin from 1981, a protégé of Walter Felsenstein. Simultaneously, he was professor at the Hochschule für Musik "Hanns Eisler" in Berlin. At the opera, he staged Mozart operas in the order of their composition, including Die Entführung aus dem Serail in 1982 and Così fan tutte in 1984. He also staged there Wagner's Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg in 1981, Puccini's La Bohème in 1982, Reimann's Lear, Verdi's Rigoletto and Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov in 1983, among many others. He directed there the premiere of Judith by Siegfried Matthus. In 1988, he staged at the Bayreuth Festival Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen. The Los Angeles Times called the production "high-tech kitsch ... a bizarre stylistic jumble"; The Guardian remarked on a Götterdämmerung "full of paltry gimmickry"; and The Times commented that "the production gets progressively lazier [and] peters out in the clichés of the day before yesteryear, which Kupfer doubtless thinks the last word in modernity".
Kupfer premiered several operas, including Udo Zimmermann's at the Staatstheater Dresden in 1973, conducted by Siegfried Kurz. He staged the GDR premiere of Schönberg's Moses und Aron there, also conducted by Kurz in 1975. In 1979, he directed there the world premiere of Zimmermann's Der Schuhu und die fliegende Prinzessin, conducted by Max Pommer, also the premiere of Georg Katzer's Antigone oder die Stadt at the Komische Oper Berlin in 1991, conducted by Jörg-Peter Weigle, the musical Mozart by librettist Michael Kunze and composer Sylvester Levay at the Theater an der Wien in 1999, conducted by , and in 2000 Reimann's Bernarda Albas Haus, at the Bavarian State Opera, conducted by Zubin Mehta. Kupfer co-wrote the libretto with composer Krzysztof Penderecki of Penderecki's opera Die schwarze Maske. He directed the 1986 world premiere production in Salzburg and the US premiere production at the Santa Fe Opera in 1988.
Kupfer and his wife, the music teacher and soprano , had a daughter who is an actress.
He died on 30 December 2019 in Berlin.
Style
Kupfer worked in the tradition of realistic directing, as developed by Walter Felsenstein and practised especially at the Komische Oper Berlin. The works are interpreted with a focus on implications drawn from them; actions on stage, conflicts and the development of drama are related to the score and to the logic of relationships between the characters. Kupfer always worked individually with the singers, including the choir members, requesting talent for acting and rendering credibility to the actions. Kupfer supported Giorgio Strehler's belief in a "human theatre" ("menschliches Theater"). The characters are, in the tradition of Bertolt Brecht's method of dialectic theatre, always placed in historic political context, which determines their actions at least partly.
Productions
The Akademie der Künste lists several of his productions, including:
1958: Dvořák: Rusalka, Halle
1971: Richard Strauss: Die Frau ohne Schatten, Staatsoper Berlin, Otmar Suitner
1972: Mozart: Die Hochzeit des Figaro, Staatstheater Dresden, Siegfried Kurz
1972: Verdi: Otello, Staatsoper Berlin, Wolfgang Rennert
1973: Udo Zimmermann: , premiere, Staatstheater Dresden, Siegfried Kurz
1975: Schönberg: Moses und Aron, GDR first performance, Staatstheater Dresden, Siegfried Kurz
1975: Wagner: Tristan und Isolde, Staatstheater Dresden, Marek Janowski
1975: Berg: Wozzeck, Opernhaus Graz, Gustav Erny
1976: Borodin: Prince Igor, Det Kongelige Teater, Wolfgang Rennert
1976: Udo Zimmermann: Der Schuhu und die fliegende Prinzessin, premiere, Staatstheater Dresden, Max Pommer
1977: Richard Strauss: Elektra, De Nederlandse Opera, Amsterdam, Michael Gielen
1978: Wagner: Der fliegende Holländer, Bayreuth Festival, Dennis Russell Davies
1979: Berg: Lulu, Oper Frankfurt, Michael Gielen
1980: Tchaikovsky: Eugen Onegin, Staatstheater Dresden, Herbert Blomstedt
1981: Leoš Janáček: Jenůfa, Oper Köln, Gerd Albrecht
1981: Richard Wagner: Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, Komische Oper Berlin, Rolf Reuter
1982 to 1990: Mozart Cycle (1982 Die Entführung aus dem Serail, 1984 Così fan tutte, 1986 Die Zauberflöte, 1986 Die Hochzeit des Figaro, 1987 Don Giovanni, 1990 Idomeneo), Komische Oper Berlin
1983: Reimann: Lear, Komische Oper Berlin, Hartmut Haenchen
1984: Puccini: La Bohème, Komische Oper Berlin, Volksoper Wien, Ernst Märzendorfer
1984: Handel: Giustino, Komische Oper Berlin, Hartmut Haenchen
1985: Handel: Belsazar, Hamburgische Staatsoper, Gerd Albrecht
1986: Penderecki: Die schwarze Maske, premiere, Salzburg Festival, Woldemar Nelson
1987: Bernd Alois Zimmermann: Die Soldaten, Staatstheater Stuttgart, Dennis Russell Davies
1988: Wagner: Der Ring des Nibelungen, Bayreuth Festival, Daniel Barenboim
1989: Richard Strauss: Elektra, Wiener Staatsoper, Claudio Abbado
1989: Tchaikovsky: Die Jungfrau von Orleans, Bavarian State Opera, Gerd Albrecht
1991: Georg Katzer: Antigone oder die Stadt, premiere, Komische Oper Berlin, Jörg-Peter Weigle
1992: Michael Kunze/Sylvester Levay: Elisabeth, premiere, Theater an der Wien, Caspar Richter
1992: Richard Wagner: Parsifal, Staatsoper Berlin, Daniel Barenboim
1993: Berlioz: La damnation de Faust, Royal Opera House, Colin Davis
1994: Mussorgsky: Khovanshchina, Hamburgische Staatsoper, Gerd Albrecht
1995: Wagner: Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg, De Nederlandse Opera Amsterdam, Gerd Albrecht
1996: Wagner: Lohengrin, Staatsoper Berlin, Daniel Barenboim
1997: Verdi: Macbeth, Bavarian State Opera, Mark Elder
1998: Henze: König Hirsch, Komische Oper Berlin, Yakov Kreizberg
1999: Michael Kunze/Sylvester Levay: Mozart!, premiere, Theater an der Wien,
2000: Mozart: Titus, Komische Oper Berlin, Yakov Kreizberg
2000: Reimann: Bernarda Albas Haus, premiere, Bavarian State Opera, Zubin Mehta
2001: Schoeck: Penthesilea, Florence, Gerd Albrecht
2002: Britten: The Turn of the Screw, Komische Oper Berlin,
2003/04: Wagner: Der Ring des Nibelungen, Liceu, Barcelona, Sebastian Weigle
2005: Weill: Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny, Semperoper, Sebastian Weigle
2009: Pfitzner: Palestrina, Oper Frankfurt, Kirill Petrenko
2010: Richard Strauss: Ariadne auf Naxos, Theater an der Wien, Bertrand de Billy
2013: Prokofiev: Der Spieler, Oper Frankfurt, Sebastian Weigle
2014: Richard Strauss: Der Rosenkavalier, Salzburg Festival, Franz Welser-Möst
2014: Wagner: Parsifal, New National Theatre, Tokyo, Taijiro Iimori
2015: Glinka: Iwan Sussanin, Oper Frankfurt, Sebastian Weigle
2016: Beethoven: Fidelio, Staatsoper Berlin, Daniel Barenboim
2016: Shostakovich: Lady Macbeth von Mzensk, Bavarian State Opera, Kirill Petrenko
2018: Verdi: Macbeth, Staatsoper Unter den Linden, Daniel Barenboim
Recordings
Among his productions available on DVD are:
Bernd Alois Zimmermann's Die Soldaten
Strauss’ Elektra (Vienna State Opera 1989)
Wagner's Der fliegende Holländer (Bayreuth 1985)
Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen (Bayreuth)
Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen (Gran Teatre del Liceu, Barcelona, 2005)
Awards
Kupfer was a member of the Akademie der Künste in Berlin, the Freie Akademie der Künste in Hamburg, and the Sächsische Akademie der Künste in Dresden. His awards included:
1968: Kunstpreis der DDR
1983: Nationalpreis der DDR I. Klasse für Kunst und Literatur
1985: Deutscher Kritikerpreis
1993: Frankfurter Musikpreis
1994: Order of Merit of Berlin
1994:
2002: Knight Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
2005: Silbernes Blatt of the
Bibliography
: Harry Kupfer inszeniert an der Komischen Oper Berlin. Richard Wagner Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg 1981; Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Die Entführung aus dem Serail, 1982; Giacomo Puccini La Bohème, 1982; Aribert Reimann Lear, 1983; Giuseppe Verdi's Rigoletto, 1983; Modest Mussorgski's Boris Godunov 1983; Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Così fan tutte 1984 (Theaterarbeit in der DDR 11, Documentation), Berlin 1987.
Dieter Kranz: Der Regisseur Harry Kupfer „Ich muß Oper machen“ Kritiken, Beschreibungen, Gespräche. Berlin 1988.
Dieter Kranz: Berliner Theater. 100 Aufführungen aus drei Jahrzehnten, Berlin 1990
Dieter Kranz: Der Gegenwart auf der Spur. Der Opernregisseur Harry Kupfer. Henschel, Berlin 2005,
Further reading
Obituaries
References
External links
Harry Kupfer Operabase
R. Wagner, Parsifal, (new production) Finnish National Opera / 4 April 2005 (BK) musicweb-international.com 2005
Wagner, R.: Götterdämmerung (Liceu, 2004) (NTSC) Naxos Records
1935 births
2019 deaths
Theaterhochschule Leipzig alumni
German opera directors
Recipients of the National Prize of East Germany
Members of the Academy of Arts, Berlin
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Recipients of the Order of Merit of Berlin
People from Berlin