PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Jan Rypka

Jan Rypka, PhDr., Dr.Sc. (28 May 1886 in Kroměříž – 29 December 1968 in Prague) was a prominent Czech orientalist, translator, professor of Iranology and Turkology at Charles University, Prague.
Jan Rypka was a participant in Ferdowsi Millenary Celebration in Tehran in 1934.
Early life
Rypka's father owned a small business. As a child he was given the Arabian Nights. He described the book's effect on his life as breathing "mysterious forces there." After completing his schooling he enrolled at the University of Vienna. He graduated in Oriental studies. Then in 1910 he obtained a Doctor of Philosophy in Islamic languages.
After graduation Rypka set up a small business of translating Oriental texts. However, he soon left the business because he found a better job, even if not so closely related to his orientalist background, as he was appointed at the Viennese court and university printing office. Rypka moved to Prague following the establishment of the independent Czechoslovak state. There he devoted himself fully to Oriental studies. He also joined the civil service for a short time. In April 1921, he found work as a librarian. That same summer, he was granted a sabbatical leave to travel to Constantinople. Rypka stayed in Constantinople for nearly a year and a half. In that ancient city he found ample opportunities to know and understand the Orient close up, an experience he put in the book he wrote about his stay in Turkey.
Return From Constantinople
Rypka once again began work at the Ministry of Education after returning from Constantinople. He began working on Turkish poetry, analyzing the works of such poets as Sabit and Bâkî. Beginning in the 1930s, Rypka moved his focus to Persian poetry. The central figure in his research was the Persian poet Nizami. Another of his key subjects was the medieval poet Ferdowsi. In the fall of 1934 Rypka was invited by the Iranian government to attend the celebrations of the 1000th anniversary of Ferdous' birth. He ended up spending a full year in Iran, doing academic research. He wrote about his year in Iran in the popular book Iranian Pilgrim.
The Oriental Institute
Rypka was the driving force behind the establishment of the Oriental Institute, of which he was one of the earliest members. He contributed to the institute's development, contributing not only as a journalist but as an adviser and patron in its incipient stages. He is even credited with naming the institute's archives, the Archive Oriental.
Works
In 1939 Rypka was appointed dean of the Faculty of Arts of the Charles University in Prague. During his tenure, he focused the research on Persian poets, notably Labbibi and Farrochi. His biggest achievement was the work on the history of Persian and Tajik literature, which was published in 1956. The work won critical acclaim from fellow professionals and was translated into many languages.
References
Czech orientalists
Iranologists
Turkish poetry
1886 births
1968 deaths
Members of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature
Academic staff of Charles University
Michael Matricciani

Michael Matricciani (born 15 March 1986) is a former Australian footballer who currently coaches Campbelltown City in the National Premier League South Australia.
Matricciani coached Adelaide City in the National Premier League until the end of the 2020 season. Prior to this, Matricciani spent three years as head coach of Football SA NTC Girls and was awarded the 2018 Bob Bush Trophy, recognising the Women's National Premier League's Coach of the Year. He also served as Technical Director at the Campbelltown City Soccer Club from 2013 to 2016 and has undertaken study visits to Chievo Verona, Inter Milan and FC Barcelona.
Club career
He played for Adelaide United in the newly formed Hyundai A-League's inaugural season, but was delisted in the close of the 06/07 season. Michael also has a younger brother who is also a footballer named Dominic.
On 3 September 2011 it was announced that he had signed with I-League club Chirag United. He scored his first goal for Chirag on 28 October 2011 against Mohun Bagan.
References
1986 births
Living people
Soccer players from Adelaide
Australian people of Italian descent
A-League Men players
FFSA Super League players
Australian men's soccer players
Adelaide United FC players
National Premier Leagues players
North Eastern MetroStars SC players
Men's association football forwards
Chirag United Club Kerala players
Australian expatriate men's soccer players
Expatriate men's footballers in India
رامح (اسم)

رامح (اسم)
رامح هو اسم علم مذكر من أصل عربي، ومعناه هو الطاعن بالرمح، والرامح ذو رمح.
الأصل اللغوي
انظر أيضًا
اسم العلم
الاسم الشخصي
اسم العائلة
اسم
كنية
لقب
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
موسوعة السلطان قابوس لأسماء العرب
أسماء ذكور عربية
جامعة لوسيادا في بورتو

جامعة لوسيادا في بورتو
جامعة لوسيادا - نورث أو جامعة لوسيادا دو بورتو هي جامعة برتغالية خاصة تقع في بورتو وتأسست عام 1991.
مراجع
التعليم في بورتو
تأسيسات سنة 1991 في البرتغال
هيئات تعليمية أسست في 1991
Neil Kerr

Neil Kerr (13 April 1871 – 2 December 1901) was a Scottish footballer who played mainly as an outside right, for clubs including Rangers and Liverpool.
He played for both clubs in their first seasons in the respective top divisions, featuring in every fixture for Rangers plus the championship play-off as they shared the 1890–91 Scottish Football League title with Dumbarton. He also won the Glasgow Cup with the Light Blues in 1893. He later re-joined the Govan club after spells with Liverpool, Nottingham Forest and non-league Falkirk, but was only a reserve in his second spell and featured in just four competitive matches, albeit one of these was in the semi-final second replay of the 1897–98 Scottish Cup, helping Rangers reach the final which they went on to win.
At representative level, Kerr took part in a Scotland national team trial match in March 1892, and in November of that year was selected for the Glasgow FA's annual challenge match against Sheffield.
He was the sole survivor of a yachting accident on the Firth of Clyde in 1896 in which two other men drowned, but died from gastritis in 1901 at the age of 30.
References
1871 births
Scottish men's footballers
Footballers from West Dunbartonshire
Liverpool F.C. players
1901 deaths
Cowlairs F.C. players
Dumbarton F.C. players
Rangers F.C. players
Nottingham Forest F.C. players
Falkirk F.C. players
Clyde F.C. players
Men's association football outside forwards
Scottish Football League players
English Football League players
Deaths from gastritis
الزيدان

الزيدان هي قرية عراقية ريفية زراعية تقع غرب بغداد وجنوب شرق مدينة الفلوجة.
كانت تعد معقلا لكتائب ثورة العشرين التي نشطت في حرب قوات الاحتلال الأمريكي خلال حرب العراق.
المصادر
أماكن مأهولة في محافظة بغداد
Commune of Mabayi

Commune of Mabayi
The commune of Mabayi is a commune of Cibitoke Province in north-western Burundi. The capital lies at Mabayi.
References
Communes of Burundi
Cibitoke Province
بلدة باث (مقاطعة ساميت)

بلدة باث (مقاطعة ساميت)
بلدة باث هي إحدى البلدات التسع في مقاطعة ساميت، أوهايو، الولايات المتحدة. تعداد عام 2000 وجد 9635 شخصًا في البلدة، إحدى ضواحي أكرون.
التاريخ
كانت البلدة تُعرف في الأصل باسم ويتفيلد عندما تم مسحها عام 1808. تم تغيير الاسم إلى باث عندما انفصلت تمامًا عن بلدة ريتشفيلد في عام 1818. أصل اسم باث غير معروف. يقال أنه سمي بهذا الاسم لإيجازه.
المراجع
روابط خارجية
موقع ويب Township
موقع المقاطعة
أماكن مأهولة أسست في 1818
بلديات أوهايو
ثقافة أمريكية إنجليزية في أوهايو
جغرافيا أوهايو
ضواحي مدن في مقاطعة صمت (أوهايو)
خنزير الماء

خنزير الماء أو الكَبِبَارة (بالإغريقية: hydor = ὕδωρ = «ماء»؛ choiros = χοίρος = «خنزير») وهو حيوان يعيش في أمريكا الجنوبية والوسطى بالقرب من الأنهار والبحيرات، ويعتبر من أضخم القوارض في العالم كما يمكن أن يصل وزنه إلى 50 كيلوغرامًا.
يستطيع السباحة بسرعة يستعمل الأقدام الأمامية للسباحة ويهرب من أعدائه داخل المياه، يتغذى على الأعشاب، ويعتبر الكَبِبَارة من أهم فرائس أفعى الأناكُندة الضخمة.
انظر أيضاً
الباكارانا
مراجع
أصنوفات سماها كارولوس لينيوس
أنواع القائمة الحمراء غير المهددة
ثدييات الأرجنتين
ثدييات الأوروغواي
ثدييات الإكوادور
ثدييات البرازيل
ثدييات الكاريبي
ثدييات باراغواي
ثدييات بوليفيا
ثدييات بيرو
ثدييات ترينيداد وتوباغو
ثدييات غويانا الفرنسية
ثدييات غيانا
ثدييات فنزويلا
ثدييات كولومبيا
ثدييات مائية
ثدييات وصفت في 1766
حيوانات أمريكا الجنوبية الضخمة
حيوانات عاشبة
ثقافة الإنترنت في عقد 2020
قبيعات
قوارض أمريكا الجنوبية
كابيائية
لحوم
Anastasiya Verameyenka

Anastasiya Verameyenka
Anastasiya Uladzimirawna Verameyenka (born 10 July 1987) is a Belarusian professional women's basketball player who plays for Horizont Minsk. Veremeyenka was part of the Belarus women's national basketball teams that won a bronze medal at EuroBasket Women 2007 and placed sixth at the 2008 Olympics. Her elder brother Vladimir Veremeenko is also a professional basketball player.
References
External links
1987 births
Living people
Basketball players at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Basketball players at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Belarusian expatriate basketball people in Russia
Belarusian expatriate basketball people in Turkey
Belarusian women's basketball players
Fenerbahçe women's basketball players
Olympic basketball players for Belarus
Power forwards (basketball)
Sportspeople from Kohtla-Järve
Nouha Landoulsi

Nouha Landoulsi (born ) is a Tunisian weightlifter, competing in the 53 kg category and represented Tunisia at international competitions.
Career
She won the bronze medal at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics. She was first at the 2016 African Weightlifting Championships.
In 2018, she won the silver medal in the women's 58 kg event at the Junior World Weightlifting Championships held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. In 2019, she competed in the women's 55 kg event at the 2019 World Weightlifting Championships held in Pattaya, Thailand.
In 2020, she won the bronze medal in the women's 55kg event at the Roma 2020 World Cup in Rome, Italy.
She represented Tunisia at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. She competed in the women's 55 kg event.
Major results
References
External links
http://www.mediterraneanweightlifting.it/statistics/medrecords_youth.pdf
http://www.iwrp.net/component/cwyniki/?view=contestant&id_zawodnik=20474
http://www.iwf.net/2014/08/18/thailands-and-prks-outstanding-victory/
http://www.bangkokpost.com/print/427511/
1998 births
Living people
Tunisian female weightlifters
Place of birth missing (living people)
Weightlifters at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Tunisia
Mediterranean Games medalists in weightlifting
Competitors at the 2018 Mediterranean Games
Weightlifters at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic weightlifters for Tunisia
21st-century Tunisian women
Julia Blackburn

Julia Blackburn (born 1948) is a British author of both fiction and non-fiction. She is the daughter of poet Thomas Blackburn and artist Rosalie de Meric.
Julia Blackburn's bohemian and troubled upbringing is the subject of her memoir The Three of Us (2008).
Awards and honours
1996 Orange Prize, shortlist, The Book of Colour
1999 Orange Prize, shortlist, The Leper's Companions
1999 James Tait Black Memorial Prize (Best Novel), nominee, The Leper's Companions
2009 J.R. Ackerley Award, winner, The Three of Us
2011 Costa Book Awards (Biography), shortlist, Thin Paths: Journeys in and Around an Italian Mountain Village
2012 Dolman Best Travel Book Award, shortlist, Thin Paths: Journeys in and around an Italian Mountain Village
2019 Wainwright Prize, shortlist, Time Song: Searching for Doggerland
Bibliography
Novels
The Book of Colour (1995)
The Leper's Companions (1999)
Non-fiction
The White Men: The First Response of Aboriginal Peoples to the White Man (1979)
Charles Waterton, 1782–1865: Conservationist and Traveller (1991)
Daisy Bates in the Desert: A Woman's Life Among the Aborigines (1994)
The Emperor's Last Island: Journey to St.Helena (2000)
Old Man Goya (2002)
With Billie: A New Look at the Unforgettable Lady Day (2005), Vintage, – includes material from interviews conducted by Linda Lipnack Kuehl
My Animals and Other Family (2007)
The Three of Us: A Family Story (2008)
Thin Paths: Journeys in and Around an Italian Mountain Village (2011)
Threads: The Delicate Life of John Craske (2015)
Time Song: Searching for Doggerland (2019); in the US: Time Song: Journeys in Search of a Submerged Land (2019)
References
External links
Author's official website
1948 births
Living people
British women novelists
20th-century British novelists
21st-century British novelists
20th-century British women writers
English people of Mauritian descent
Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature
21st-century British women writers
مايكون بيريرا دي أوليفيرا

مايكون بيريرا دي أوليفيرا (Maicon Pereira de Oliveira) (مواليد )، هو لاعب كرة قدم كان يلعب كمهاجم.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في أوكرانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في رومانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية برازيليون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة القدم البرازيليون
مهاجمو كرة قدم رجالية
لاعبو كرة قدم من مدينة ريو دي جانيرو
رياضيون برازيليون مغتربون في أوكرانيا
رياضيون برازيليون مغتربون في رومانيا
رياضيون من مدينة ريو دي جانيرو
لاعبو الدوري الأوكراني الممتاز
لاعبو إيليتشيفيتس ماريوبول
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الأولى الأوكراني
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الأولى الروماني
لاعبو زوريا لوهانسك
لاعبو فلامينغو
لاعبو فلومينينسي
لاعبو كرة قدم برازيليون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون برازيليون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في أوكرانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في رومانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم من ريو دي جانيرو
لاعبو نادي ستيوا بوخارست
لاعبو نادي ستيوا بوخارست الثاني
لاعبو نادي شاختار دونيتسك
لاعبو نادي فولين لوتسك
وفيات 2014
وفيات حوادث الطرق في أوكرانيا
Oum Lâalag

Oum Lâalag is an oasis located 50 kilometers southwest of M'Hamid El Ghizlane in Morocco at the old trans-Saharan trade route to Timbuktu, only a few kilometers from the border of Algeria.
The oasis is approximately 15 hectares in size and is presumed holy by the nomads. According to local beliefs, a fairy lives at its source. A bivouac camp site is available in the oasis, which offers ecologically sustainable tourism. The high dunes of Erg Chegaga can be reached by camel or 4x4 off-road vehicles.
The oasis is part of the 123,000-hectare Iriqui National Park, which was set up in 1994. In its vicinity live houbara bustards, ostriches, Barbary sheep, dorcas gazelles, oryxes and hyenas.
References
Oases of Morocco
Jushin Castle

Jushin Castle is a historical castle located in Varzaqan County in East Azerbaijan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Sasanian Empire.
References
Castles in Iran
Sasanian castles
ريتشارد زيمر

ريتشارد زيمر هو عسكري ألماني، ولد في 21 يونيو 1893 في شفايبيش غموند في ألمانيا، وتوفي في 20 يونيو 1971 في ميتنفالد في ألمانيا.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
جنرالات القوات المسلحة الألمانية في الحرب العالمية الثانية
أفراد الجيش الألماني في الحرب العالمية الأولى
أشخاص من شفايبيش غموند
أشخاص من مملكة فورتمبيرغ
أفراد عسكريون من بادن-فورتمبيرغ
اللفتنانت جنرال بالجيش الألماني (فيرماخت)
عسكريون ألمان في الحرب العالمية الأولى
متقلدو مشبك الصليب الحديدي من الدرجة الأولى
مواليد 1893
وفيات 1971
تين زنجباري

تين زنجباري (الاسم العلمي:Ficus sansibarica) هو من النباتات يتبع التين من ال التوتية.
معرض صور
انظر أيضا
التين
مراجع
أشجار إفريقيا
أشجار جنوب إفريقيا
تين زنجباري
تين زنجباري
نباتات المنطقة البيئية الإقليم المداري الإفريقي
نباتات المنطقة الجنوبية من إفريقيا
نباتات تنزانيا
نباتات زيمبابوي
نباتات شرق إفريقيا
نباتات غرب إفريقيا
نباتات كينيا
نباتات مالاوي
نباتات مدارية في غرب إفريقيا
نباتات موزمبيق
تين زنجباري
نباتات وصفها أوتو فاربورغ
نابير والر

نابير والر هو رسام أسترالي، ولد في 19 يونيو 1893، وتوفي في 30 مارس 1972.
روابط خارجية
مراجع
رسامون أستراليون في القرن 20
فنانون من ملبورن
مواليد 1893
وفيات 1972
ضباط أستراليون في وسام الإمبراطورية البريطانية
رسامو جداريات أستراليون
Diego González (footballer, born November 1995)

Diego González (footballer, born November 1995)
Diego Ignacio González Fuentes (born 24 November 1995 in Valparaíso, Chile) is a Chilean footballer who last played for Independiente de Cauquenes in the Segunda División Profesional de Chile.
Career statistics
Club
External links
Profile at Universidad de Chile
Living people
1995 births
Chilean men's footballers
Naval de Talcahuano footballers
Club Universidad de Chile footballers
Deportes Iberia footballers
Deportes Santa Cruz footballers
Deportes Concepción (Chile) footballers
Independiente de Cauquenes footballers
Primera B de Chile players
Chilean Primera División players
Segunda División Profesional de Chile players
Footballers from Valparaíso
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football fullbacks
Macedonia, Illinois

Macedonia, Illinois
Macedonia is a village in Franklin and Hamilton counties, Illinois, United States. The population was 30 at the 2020 census.
The Hamilton County portion of Macedonia is part of the Mount Vernon Micropolitan Statistical Area.
History
The village was named after the kingdom of Macedonia.
Geography
Macedonia is located at . It is northeast of Benton, the Franklin County seat, and west of McLeansboro, the Hamilton County seat.
According to the 2010 census, Macedonia has a total area of , of which (or 98.18%) is land and (or 1.82%) is water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 51 people, 17 households, and 14 families residing in the village. The population density was . There were 24 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White.
There were 17 households, out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.6% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 11.8% were non-families. 11.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.00 and the average family size was 3.27.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 31.4% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 21.6% from 25 to 44, 31.4% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 155.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 118.8 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $24,375, and the median income for a family was $60,000. Males had a median income of $22,500 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $11,465. There were 7.1% of families and 23.6% of the population living below the poverty line, including 43.8% of under eighteens and 100.0% of those over 64.
References
Villages in Hamilton County, Illinois
Villages in Franklin County, Illinois
Villages in Illinois
Mount Vernon, Illinois micropolitan area
Populated places in Southern Illinois
ليك (مقاطعة برايس)

ليك (مقاطعة برايس)
ليك، مقاطعة برايس هي بلدة تقع بولاية ويسكونسن في الولايات المتحدة. تبلغ مساحتها 238.9 (كم²)، وترتفع عن سطح البحر 451 م، بلغ عدد سكانها 1319 نسمة في عام 2000 حسب إحصاء مكتب تعداد الولايات المتحدة وتصل الكثافة السكانية فيها 5.7 نسمة/كم2.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
The US50 - Cities and Towns in Wisconsin State
Wisconsin Cities and Towns, Facts, Map, Flag, Colleges, Government, and More
بلدات ولاية ويسكونسن
بلدات في مقاطعة برايس (ويسكونسن)
لورانس غراي (مغني)

لورانس غراي (مغني)
لورانس غراي هو مغني مالطي، ولد في 30 يناير 1975.
مراجع
مغنون ذكور مالطيون
مواليد 1975
مغنون ذكور مالطيون في القرن 20
مغنون ذكور مالطيون في القرن 21
1920 في أستراليا

1920 في أستراليا
فيما يلي قوائم الأحداث التي وقعت خلال عام 1920 في أستراليا.
رياضة
1 يناير – البطولات الأسترالاسية 1920
مواليد
مارس
8 مارس – جورج باتشيلور
أبريل
16 أبريل – بيل سيدويل لاعب كرة مضرب أسترالي.
وفيات
يناير
7 يناير – إدموند بارتون (مواليد 1849)
فبراير
2 فبراير – ويلبرفورس إفانس (مواليد 1867)
1920 حسب البلد
سنوات القرن 20 في أستراليا
بني ورسوس

بني ورسوس إحدى بلديات دائرة الرمشي بولاية تلمسان الجزائرية. تقع شمال شرق ولاية تلمسان تبلغ مساحتها 171 كم² وعدد سكانها حسب إحصاء 2008 يبلغ 12110 نسمة.
أغلب سكان بني ورسوس يتجمعون حول مقر البلدية المسّمى برج عريمة بالإضافة إلى قرى سيدي بنضياف زاغو دحمان زناينة تيزاغن سوق الأربعاء بوقيو أولاد داود ....إلخ.
للبلدية طابع فلاحي محض حيث تعد زراعة الحبوب المصدر الأساسي للعيش ومن ثم الزراعة داخل البيوت البلاستيكية خاصة الخيار والطماطم و الفلفل بنوعيه الحار والحلو و كذلك بعض الخضروات الأخرى خاصة البطاطا الفول والبزلاء ...إلخ.
أما الصناعة فمنعدمة تقريبا اللهم إلا بعض ورشات الطوب الخرساني أو محجرة وحيدة.
التاريخ
البنية التحتية
المصادر
بني ورسوس
مسلم بن مجفل

مسلم بن مجفل
مسلّم بن مجفل (1844م - 1907م)، هو أحد رجال الملك عبد العزيز آل سعود الذين شاركوا معه في معركة فتح الرياض التي وقعت يوم 5 شوال 1319هـ (15 يناير 1902م). ولد ابن مجفل سنة 1844م (1260هـ)، وهو شيخ قبيلة الصملة من سبيع، اشتهر بالرماية وشدة البأس، ورافق الملك عبد العزيز وشارك معه في تحركاته التي قام بها في أطراف الاحساء، ثم صحبه في الربع الخالي ثم في معركته لاسترداد الرياض.
وفاته
قتل في معركة الطرفية عام 1907م (1325هـ).
المراجع
أمراء وشيوخ قبائل سعوديون
Saidabad, Shahin Dezh

Saidabad, Shahin Dezh
Saidabad (also Romanized as Sa‘īdābād) is a village in Keshavarz Rural District, Keshavarz District, Shahin Dezh County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 407, in 76 families.
References
Populated places in Shahin Dezh County
داون أندر 2016

داون أندر 2016 هو سباق دراجات هوائية أقيم بتاريخ 19–24 يناير 2016، تكون السباق من 6 مراحل وامتدّ لمسافة 781.3 كم بسرعة 40.7 كم/س، استغرق السباق 19 ساعة 11 دقيقة 33 ثانية. فاز به الأسترالي سيمون جيرانس وحلّ ثانيا الأسترالي ريتشي بورت بينما حصل على المركز الثالث الكولومبي سيرجيو هيناو.
الترتيب
المراحل
مرحلة 1
في تاريخ 2016-01-19
روابط خارجية
مراجع
أحداث يناير 2016 الرياضية
أحداث يناير 2016 الرياضية في أستراليا
داون أندر
رياضة أسترالية في 2016
طواف العالم للدراجات 2016
Indo-Pacific blue marlin

Indo-Pacific blue marlin
The Indo-Pacific blue marlin (Makaira mazara) is a species of marlin belonging to the family Istiophoridae.
Taxonomy
Makaira mazara is closely related to, and usually considered conspecific with, the Atlantic blue marlin, then simply called blue marlin.
The classification of the Indo-Pacific blue marlin (M. mazara) and the Atlantic blue marlin (M. nigricans) as separate species is under debate. Genetic data suggest, although the two groups are isolated from each other, that they are both the same species, with the only genetic exchange occurring when Indo-Pacific blue marlin migrate to and contribute genes to the Atlantic population. A separate study by V. P. Buonaccorsi, J. R. Mcdowell, and Graves indicated that both Indo-Pacific and Atlantic show "striking phylogeographic partitioning" of mitochondrial and microsatellite loci. Some authorities still consider them both distinct.
Distribution and habitat
This species can be found throughout the tropical and sub-tropical waters of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Warm currents such as the Agulhas Current in the western Indian Ocean have a major influence on their seasonal distribution. It is common in equatorial waters, but it is not usually seen close to islands and coral reefs. It is considered the most tropical billfish species.
Description
Makaira mazara can reach a maximum length of , but the average is around . It can reach a weight of about . The body is elongated but it is not very compressed, with two dorsal fins and two anal fins. The dorsal fins have a total of 40 to 45 soft rays, while the anal fins have 18 to 24 soft rays. The pectoral fins, which have 21 to 23 rays, are falcate and flexible, and can be drawn in to the sides of the body. The nape is highly elevated. The upper jaw forms a robust but not very long beak, round in cross section. The caudal peduncle shows strong double keels on each side. The body color is blue-black dorsally and silvery white ventrally, sometimes with light blue vertical stripes.
Biology
Spawning takes place during summer in both the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In the southern hemisphere, spawning probably occurs around French Polynesia. Makaira mazara is a highly migratory species. These marlins use their bill for inflicting wounds on their prey.
References
Makaira
Sport fish
Fish described in 1901
Taxa named by David Starr Jordan
Taxa named by John Otterbein Snyder
شاين لونش

شاين لونش هو مغني أيرلندي، ولد في 3 يوليو 1976 في دبلن في جمهورية أيرلندا.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أشخاص من دبلن
سائقو سيارات سباق أيرلنديون
مغنو بوب أيرلنديون
مغنون أيرلنديون
مواليد 1976
أعلام رياضة محركات من مقاطعة دبلن