William Collins (English surgeon)

William Collins (English surgeon)
Sir William Job Collins, (9 May 1859 – 11 December 1946) was an English surgeon, anti-vaccinationist and later a Liberal politician and legislator.
Background
Collins was born at 46 Gloucester Road, Regent's Park, London the eldest son of William Job Collins (also a doctor) and Mary Anne Francisca (née Treacher). He attended University College School, London, and began his medical training at St Bartholomew's Hospital, where he became ophthalmic house surgeon, extern midwifery assistant and assistant demonstrator of anatomy at the medical school. His Times obituary reported that "his further progress toward the staff of the school was barred by the heterodox views he held, and freely expressed, on the subject of vaccination."
He subsequently became a Fellow, Scholar and gold medallist in Sanitary Science and Obstetrics at the University of London, graduating as BSc in 1880 and MD in 1881. He specialised in anatomy and ophthalmology, in 1918 receiving the University of Oxford Doyne Ophthalmic Medal. He served two terms as Vice-Chancellor of the University of London in 1907–1909 and 1911–12.
Anti-vaccination
Collins was an anti-vaccinationist and spoke at meetings for the London Society for the Abolition of Compulsory Vaccination.
Along with Charles Creighton and Edgar Crookshank, he became one of a small number of medical critics of smallpox vaccination in the late 19th century. Collins commented that:
He was a member of the Royal Commission on Vaccination, 1889–1896. In 1889, the Royal Commission began an examination of vaccination. Of the fifteen members of the Commission only Collins and James Allanson Picton were anti-vaccinationists.
Political career
In later life he turned to politics, elected as member of London County Council for St Pancras in 1892, reaching the office of chairman in 1897. In 1904, Collins was the first chairman of the education committee, which laid the foundation of the education service in London.
He was elected Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for St Pancras West, 1906–1910, and for Derby in 1917–18. In parliament he was particularly instrumental in promoting the Metropolitan Ambulance Act, that resulted in the establishment of the London ambulance service.
He served on various government committees, including the Vivisection Committee 1906–1912, as British plenipotentiary at the international opium conferences at The Hague, 1911–1914, the Sussex Agricultural Wages Committee, and the Select Committee on the Hop Industry.
He was knighted in the 1902 Coronation Honours, receiving the accolade from King Edward VII at Buckingham Palace on 24 October that year. He was later appointed a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO) in 1914, and served as Vice-Lieutenant of the County of London from 1925 to 1945.
Personal life
On 2 August 1898 Collins married Jane Stevenson Wilson (1856–1936), daughter of John Wilson, MP for Glasgow Govan. Jane was a Sister at the National Temperance Hospital in Hampstead Road, north London.
Collins died aged 87 at 1 Albert Terrace, Regent's Park where he had lived since the age of two.
Publications
1883 Sir Lyon Playfair's Logic LONDON: E.W. ALLEN
1883 A Review of the Norwich Vaccination Inquiry LONDON: E.W. ALLEN
1884 Specificity and Evolution in Disease
See also
Regent High School in Somers Town, London, formerly South Camden Community School and previously Sir William Collins Secondary School which was named after him.
List of members of London County Council 1889 - 1919 where he is listed for Saint Pancras (West)
List of Vice-Chancellors of the University of London
References
COLLINS, Sir William Job (1859–1946) Biography, ref: GB 0096 MS 812, Senate House Library, University of London.
Obituaries, Sir William Collins, The Times, Saturday, 14 December 1946
External links
1859 births
1946 deaths
People educated at University College School
Knights Bachelor
Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
British anti-vaccination activists
British surgeons
Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
Members of London County Council
Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1906–1910
UK MPs 1910
UK MPs 1910–1918
Alumni of the Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital
Progressive Party (London) politicians
Vice-Chancellors of the University of London