PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Al-Hasan bin Wahhas

Al-Hasan bin Wahhas (d. February, 1285) was an imam of the Zaidi state in Yemen who ruled in 1258–1260.
The previous imam al-Mahdi Ahmad bin al-Husayn made a number of enemies among the Zaidi elite during his lifetime, which eventually resulted in his violent death in the Battle of Shuwaba in 1258. One of the claimants for the imamate was Abu Muhammad al-Hasan bin Wahhas, who belonged to the Hamzite Sharifs, descendants of imam al-Muhtasib al-Mujahid Hamzah (d. 1066). He was acknowledged as imam by part of the Zaidis. Personally, he was described as dashing in warfare and an excellent horseman. Another claimant was Shams ad-Din Ahmad who formally submitted to the suzerainty of the Rasulid sultan, the main power in Yemen at this time. The two would-be imams shared the properties and fortresses of the Zaidi lands between them. In the same year, Shams ad-Din and two of his brothers succumbed to an epidemic, leaving al-Hasan bin Wahhas as the holder of the imamate. However, he soon fell out with Shams ad-Din's brother Sarim ad-Din Da'ud (d. 1290). Sarim ad-Din colluded with the Rasulid prince Asad ad-Din Muhammad and met al-Hasan bin Wahhas in battle at Asafir in 1260. While the imam's forces fled, al-Hasan remained fighting on the battlefield until taken prisoner. Sarim ad-Din kept the imam imprisoned until 1269. Much later, in 1284, Sarim ad-Din tried unsuccessfully to enlist the support of al-Hasan to fight the Rasulids. The ex-imam died shortly afterwards, in February 1285.
See also
Imams of Yemen
History of Yemen
References
Zaydi imams of Yemen
1285 deaths
Year of birth unknown
13th century in Yemen
13th-century Arab people
Stefano Maier

Stefano Maier (born 4 December 1992) is a German footballer. He made his 3. Liga debut for the club in October 2011, as a substitute for Kai Hesse in a 2–1 home win over Jahn Regensburg.
References
External links
1992 births
Living people
German men's footballers
Kickers Offenbach players
FC Viktoria Köln players
FC 08 Homburg players
3. Liga players
Regionalliga players
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from Offenbach am Main
Fifth Bridge

Fifth Bridge is a bridge in the city of Mosul, located in the province of Nineveh Governorate in Iraq over the Tigris River. The bridge was constructed in the 1980s and links the east and west sides of the city.
During the Battle of Mosul in 2016, all bridges into the city were booby trapped with explosives by ISIL, which had occupied the city since June 2014. The bridge was destroyed by U.S. coalition airstrikes on 3 November 2016.
See also
References
Bridges in Iraq
Bridges over the Tigris River
كلكهايم

كلكهايم (تانوس) هي مدينة و بلدة ألمانية تقع في ألمانيا في ماين-تاونوس.
المدن التوأمة
مدن Saint-Fons و High Wycombe هي مدن توأمة لـكلكهايم (تانوس).
انظر أيضاً
قائمة مدن ألمانيا
مراجع
بلدات هسن
بلديات هسن
ماين-تاونوس
Philosophy of business

Philosophy of business
The philosophy of business considers the fundamental principles that underlie the formation and operation of a business enterprise; the nature and purpose of a business, and the moral obligations that pertain to it.
See also
Business ethics
Theory of the firm
References
Drucker, P. (1954) The Practice of Management, HarperBusiness, Reissue edition 1993,
Fort, Timothy (2001) Ethics and Governance: Business as Mediating Institution, Oxford University Press USA, New York.
Friedman, M (1962) Capitalism and Freedom, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1962
Hutcheson, F. (1729) An Inquiry Concerning Morall Good and Evil, 1729.
Kalin, J. (1968) "In defence of egoism", in Morality and Rational Self-interest, edited by David Gauthier, Prentice Hall, New York, 1970.
Mandeville, B. (1715) The Fable of the Bees.
Rawls, J. (1971) A Theory of Justice, Harvard University Press, Cambridge Massachusetts 1971.
Lord Shaftesbury (1710) Enquiry Concerning Virtue.
Smith, A. (1759) The Theory of Moral Sentiments, in Adam Smith's Moral and Political Philosophy, edited by H. Schneider, Harper, New York, 1948 and 1970.
Strasnick, T. (1981) "Neo-utilitarian Ethics and the Ordinal Representation Assumption", in Philosophy in economics, edited by J. Pitt, Reidel Publishing, 1981.
Luetge C. (ed.) (2013): Handbook of the Philosophical Foundations of Business Ethics. Heidelberg/New York: Springer 2013, .
External links
Peter Drucker's web site
The journal "Philosophy for Business" edited by Geoffrey Klempner
The journal "Philosophy of Management" founded by Nigel Laurie and edited by Paul Griseri (Managing Editor), Mark Dibben, Ed Freeeman and Frits Schipper
B
Business ethics
Applied philosophy
فلافيوس دالماتيوس

فلافيوس دالماتيوس هو سياسي ورقيب روماني من القرن الرابع الميلادي، هو الأخ غير الشقيق للإمبراطور قسطنطين العظيم وابن الإمبراطور قسطنطيوس كلوروس من زوجته الثانية فلافيا ماكسميانا تيودورا. قضى طفولته في مدينة تولوسا في بلاد الغال. ذهب إلى القسطنطينية بعد سنة 320، اختاره قسطنطين لشغل منصب رقيب الامبراطورية المشرف على إحصاءات السكان. في سنة 333 أصبح قنصل الإمبراطورية. استقر بعد ذلك في أنطاكية وأصبح المسؤول على الحدود الشرقية للامبراطورية. قام بسحق كالوكايروس الذي أعلن نفسه كإمبراطور في قبرص. وقف مع أثناسيوس الأول ضد آريوس حيث أرسل جنوده لحمايته في مجمع صور. كان له ابنين قتلا معه بعد وفاة قسطنطين في مايو. ويعتقد أنه قتل بأوامر من قنسطانطيوس الثاني الذي تولى حكم الإمبراطورية في الشرق.
مراجع
رومان في القرن 4
سلالة قسطنطين الحاكمة
ضحايا قتل رومان قدماء
فلافيون
قناصل إمبراطوريون رومان
مواليد عقد 290
وفيات 337
مسيحيون في القرن 4
وثنيون تحولوا إلى المسيحية
Sarteano

Sarteano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about southeast of Florence and about southeast of Siena.
Sarteano is particularly important from the historical point of view. Located between Val d'Orcia and Valdichiana, the area of Sarteano has been inhabited for thousands of years. For this reason, Sarteano has a very rich archeology. In particular, some of the most important Etruscan tombs of Tuscany are located in the countryside around Sarteano. A large portion of the archeological objects found in the area form the collection of the Museo civico archeologico di Sarteano.
Sarteano borders the following municipalities: Cetona, Chianciano Terme, Chiusi, Pienza, Radicofani, and San Casciano dei Bagni.
References
External links
www.comune.sarteano.siena.it/
Contrada di San Martino - Official website
Cities and towns in Tuscany
تانوت بني الشيب (تانوت)

تانوت بني الشيب (تانوت)
تانوت بني الشيب هو دُوَّار يقع بجماعة بني خالد، عمالة وجدة أنكاد، جهة الشرق في المملكة المغربية. ينتمي الدوّار لمشيخة تانوت التي تضم 4 دواوير. يقدر عدد سكانه بـ 53 نسمة حسب الإحصاء الرسمي للسكان والسكنى لسنة 2004.
مراجع
روابط خارجية
البوابة الوطنية للجماعات الترابية
المندوبية السامية للتخطيط
أماكن مأهولة في تانوت (بني خالد)
Alkyl nitrite

Alkyl nitrite
In organic chemistry, alkyl nitrites are a group of organic compounds based upon the molecular structure , where R represents an alkyl group. Formally they are alkyl esters of nitrous acid. They are distinct from nitro compounds.
The first few members of the series are volatile liquids; methyl nitrite and ethyl nitrite are gaseous at room temperature and pressure. The compounds have a distinctive fruity odor. Another frequently encountered nitrite is amyl nitrite (3-methylbutyl nitrite).
Alkyl nitrites were initially, and largely still are, used as medications and chemical reagents, a practice which began in the late 19th century. In their use as medicine, they are often inhaled for relief of angina and other heart-related symptoms of disease. However, when referred to as "poppers", alkyl nitrites represent recreational drugs.
Synthesis and properties
Organic nitrites are prepared from alcohols and sodium nitrite in sulfuric acid solution. They decompose slowly on standing, the decomposition products being oxides of nitrogen, water, the alcohol, and polymerization products of the aldehyde. They are also prone to undergo homolytic cleavage to form alkyl radicals, the nitrite C–O bond being very weak (on the order of 40–50 kcal ⋅ mol−1).
Reactions
tert-Butyl nitrite has been shown to be an effective reagent for the selective nitration of phenols and aryl sulfonamides
n-Butyl nitrite and ammonia convert phenylhydroxylamine to its nitrosamine derivative cupferron. Likewise pyrrolidine is a substrate for ethyl nitrite.
Alkyl nitrites are also used in the formation of oximes with the stronger carbon acids and acid or base catalysis for example in the reaction of 2-butanone, ethyl nitrite and hydrochloric acid forming the oxime, the similar reaction with phenacyl chloride, or the reaction of phenylacetonitrile with methyl nitrite and sodium hydroxide.
An isolated but classic example of the use of alkyl nitrites can be found in Woodward and Doering's quinine total synthesis:
for which they proposed this reaction mechanism:
Medical use
Antidote to cyanide poisoning
Amyl nitrite is used medically as an antidote to cyanide poisoning, The light alkyl nitrites cause the formation of methemoglobin wherein, as an effective antidote to cyanide poisoning, the methemoglobin combines with the cyanide to form nontoxic cyanmethemoglobin. First responders typically carry a cyanide poison kit containing amyl nitrite.
References
External links
Functional groups
شيخ كلخوران (كلخوران)

شيخ كلخوران (كلخوران)
شیخ کلخوران هي منطقة سكنية تقع في إيران في قسم کلخوران الريفي. يقدر عدد سكانها بـ 3,069 نسمة .
انظر أيضاً
قائمة مدن إيران
مراجع
أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة أردبيل
بلدات وقرى في مقاطعة أردبيل
Henry Clay Hall

Henry Clay Hall Jr. (January 3, 1860 – November 9, 1936) was an American attorney and commissioner of the Interstate Commerce Commission, appointed by president Woodrow Wilson in 1914 and who served on the Commission from March 21, 1914, to January 13, 1928. He served as Chairman of the Commission from 1917 to 1918 and again in 1924.
Biography
He was born on January 3, 1860, to Henry Clay Hall Sr. and Amanda Harwood Ferry in New York City. Hall attended Amherst College and graduated in 1881, and received an LL.B. from Columbia Law School in 1883. He was admitted to the New York City Bar Association in 1883. After briefly practicing in New York, he moved to Paris, where he worked with his brother in law, Edmond Kelly, and in 1888, became counsel to the American Legation in Paris.
Hall returned to the United States in 1892 for health reasons. Hall planned to journey to California for his health but stopped off to visit a brother in Colorado Springs, Colorado, and found he liked the place so much that he settled there.
Politician and railroad attorney
Hall resumed the practice of law in Colorado, becoming a major corporation lawyer and became mayor of Colorado Springs from 1905 to 1907. He became general attorney for the Arkansas, Louisiana & Gulf Railway and served as counsel for many corporations. He became President of the Bar in Colorado, and state vice-president of the American Bar Association.
Commissioner
In early 1914, Interstate Commerce Commission commissioner Charles A. Prouty resigned to take the job as head of the Commission's Division of Valuation, and to run for the Senate in Vermont. This, in combination with the death in November 1913 of commissioner John Hobart Marble of California following an attack of acute indigestion, gave President Woodrow Wilson two seats to fill on the Commission. Wilson selected Winthrop More Daniels of New Jersey to fill Marble's seat, and Hall to fill Prouty's. This preserved the geographic balance on the Commission.
Hall was the first commissioner from the Rocky Mountain region. He served as Commission Chairman from 1917–18 and in 1924.
Hall took the lead on the Commission in the Shreveport rate case, in which the Commission determined it could regulate intrastate freight. This position was upheld by the Supreme Court In 1921, Hall was reappointed for another seven-year term by President Harding.
In late 1927, Hall submitted his resignation to President Calvin Coolidge, effective on the appointment of a replacement. He left the Commission in 1928.
Later life
Hall died on November 9, 1936, at his home in Ashfield, Massachusetts. He was survived by his second wife, the former Alice Munsell Sweetser of New York, whom he had wed in 1905, by their daughter, and by four children by his first marriage to Mary Bacon Barstow, who had died in 1901.
References
External links
1860 births
1936 deaths
People of the Interstate Commerce Commission
Amherst College alumni
Columbia Law School alumni
Mayors of Colorado Springs, Colorado
People from Ashfield, Massachusetts
Ferry family
الشهر (المضاربة والعارة)

الشهر (المضاربة والعارة)
الشهر هي إحدى قرى عزلة المضاربة بمديرية المضاربة والعارة التابعة لمحافظة لحج، بلغ تعداد سكانها 121 نسمة حسب تعداد اليمن لعام 2004.
مراجع
المركز الوطني للمعلومات باليمن
الشهر
ستيفن سيويل (كاتب)

ستيفن سيويل (كاتب)
ستيفن سيويل (13 مارس 1953 في أستراليا)؛ كاتب سيناريو وروائي أسترالي.
روابط خارجية
المصادر
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
روائيون أستراليون
روائيون أستراليون في القرن 21
كتاب أستراليون في القرن 21
كتاب دراما ومسرح أستراليون في القرن 21
كتاب دراما ومسرح ذكور أستراليون
كتاب سيناريو أستراليون
كتاب سيناريو في القرن 21
كتاب من نيوساوث ويلز
مواليد 1953
كتاب سيناريو أستراليون في القرن 21
يفجيني فيليخوف

يفجيني فيليخوف' (و. 1935 – م) هو فيزيائي، وعالم نووي من الاتحاد السوفيتي . ولد في موسكو .
وهو عضواً في الحزب الشيوعي السوفييتي .وهو عضواً في الأكاديمية الروسية للعلوم، واللجنة المركزية للحزب الشيوعي السوفيتي .
التعليم
تعلم في جامعة موسكو الحكومية
جوائز
حصل على جوائز منها:
جائزة الدولة السوفيتية
وسام الصداقة الروسي
نيشان الشجاعة
نيشان الاستحقاق الوطني في روسيا من الدرجة الرابعة
وسام لينين
نيشان الاستحقاق الوطني الروسي من الدرجة الثالثة
بطل العمل الاشتراكي
وسام الراية الحمراء من حزب العمال.
مراجع
أبطال العمل الاشتراكي
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أعضاء اللجنة المركزية للحزب الشيوعي السوفيتي
أعضاء هيئة تدريس معهد موسكو للفيزياء والتكنولوجيا
حائزون على جائزة الدولة السوفيتية
حائزون على جائزة لينين
حاصلون على نيشان الاستحقاق الأوكراني من الدرجة الثالثة
حاصلون على وسام الاستحقاق للوطن من الدرجة الأولى
حاصلون على وسام الاستحقاق للوطن من الدرجة الثالثة
حاصلون على وسام الاستحقاق للوطن من الدرجة الثانية
حاصلون على وسام لينين
خريجو جامعة موسكو الحكومية
علماء الفيزياء التجريبية
علماء ذرة
علماء ذرة روس
علماء ذرة سوفيت
فيزيائيو القرن 20
فيزيائيون روس
فيزيائيون روس في القرن 20
فيزيائيون سوفيت
مخترعون روس
مواليد 1935
مواليد في موسكو
ميخائيل غالاغير (عالم عقيدة)

ميخائيل غالاغير (عالم عقيدة)
ميخائيل غالاغير هو عالم عقيدة ومترجم أمريكي، ولد في 1930 في .
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أفراد الجيش الأمريكي
أفراد الجيش الأمريكي في الحرب الكورية
لاهوتيون أمريكيون
مترجمو القرن 20
مترجمون أمريكيون
مواليد 1930
يسوعيون سابقون
مترجمون أمريكيون في القرن 20
أندي هيك

أندي هيك هو لاعب كرة قدم أمريكية أمريكي، ولد في 1967 في فارغو في الولايات المتحدة.
انظر أيضًا
أندي هاستينغز
أندي هال
أندي هاميلتون
أندي هوبكينز
أندي هوكينز (لاعب كرة قدم أمريكية)
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أبطال سوبر بول
حراس هجوم كرة القدم الأمريكية
رياضيون من فارغو
رياضيون من مقاطعة فيرفاكس (فيرجينيا)
لاعبو سياتل سيهوكس
لاعبو شيكاغو بيرز
لاعبو واشنطن ريدسكينس
مدربو جاكسونفيل جاغوارز
مدربو كانساس سيتي تشيفس
مدربو نادي فيرجينيا كفاليرز
مصطدمو هجوم كرة القدم الأمريكية
مواليد 1967
لاعبو كرة قدم أمريكية من مقاطعة فيرفاكس (فرجينيا)
1972 Great Daylight Fireball

1972 Great Daylight Fireball
The Great Daylight Fireball (also known as the Grand Teton Meteor ) was an Earth-grazing fireball that passed within of Earth's surface at 20:29 UTC on August 10, 1972. It entered Earth's atmosphere at a speed of in daylight over Utah, United States (14:30 local time) and passed northwards leaving the atmosphere over Alberta, Canada. It was seen by many people and recorded on film and by space-borne sensors. An eyewitness to the event, located in Missoula, Montana, saw the object pass directly overhead and heard a double sonic boom. The smoke trail lingered in the atmosphere for several minutes.
The atmospheric pass modified the object's mass and orbit around the Sun. A 1994 study found that it is probably still in an Earth-crossing orbit and predicted that it would pass close to Earth again in August 1997. However, the object has not been observed again and so its post-encounter orbit remains unknown.
Description
Analysis of its appearance and trajectory showed the object was about 3–14 m (10–45 ft) in diameter, depending on whether it was a comet made of ice or a stony and therefore denser asteroid. Other sources identified it as an Apollo asteroid in an Earth-crossing orbit that would make a subsequent close approach to Earth in August 1997. In 1994, Czech astronomer Zdeněk Ceplecha reanalysed the data and suggested the passage would have reduced the asteroid's mass to about a third or half of its original mass (reducing its diameter to ).
The object was tracked by military surveillance systems and sufficient data obtained to determine its orbit both before and after its 100-second passage through Earth's atmosphere. Its velocity was reduced by about and the encounter significantly changed its orbital inclination from 15 degrees to 7 degrees. If it had not entered at such a grazing angle, this meteoroid would have lost all its velocity in the upper atmosphere, possibly ending in an airburst, and any remnant would have fallen at terminal velocity.
See also
List of asteroid close approaches to Earth
References
Further reading
External links
US19720810 (Daylight Earth grazer) orbital characteristics from Global Superbolide Network Archive, 2000
Fireball, meteorite, bolide, meteor, video and photo link to photos and cine film by Linda Baker
Earthgrazer: The Great Daylight Fireball of 1972 overview of the event including photo by NASA's Astronomy Picture of the Day
Astronomical Society of the Pacific: Observation of Meteoroid Impacts by Space-Based Sensors – one of several similar events; includes ground track
Earth Impact Calculator
Meteoroids
19720810
19720810
Modern Earth impact events
Earth-grazing fireballs
August 1972 events in North America
August 1972 events in the United States
20th-century astronomical events
Melaleuca bisulcata

Melaleuca bisulcata is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to a relatively small area on the west coast of Western Australia. It is difficult to distinguish this species from Melaleuca psammophila except on differences in the shape of the calyx lobes.
Description
Melaleuca bisulcata is a shrub growing to a height of . The leaves are crowded, arranged alternately and long and wide.
The flowers are arranged in heads at the ends of branches, with the branch continuing to grow after flowering. Each head has 1 to 4 groups of flowers in pairs or threes. The stamens are arranged in five bundles around each flower, 6 to 12 stamens per bundle, coloured pink, purple or magenta. Flowering occurs in September and October and the fruit which follow are woody capsules long.
Taxonomy and naming
Melaleuca bisulcata was first formally described in 1862 by Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae from a specimen found "in the desert near the Murchison River by Augustus Oldfield". The specific epithet (bisulcata) is from the Latin bi- meaning "two" and sulcatus, "furrowed" or "grooved", referring to the dried leaves often having two longitudinal grooves".
Distribution and habitat
This melaleuca occurs in the Kalbarri district in the Geraldton Sandplains and Yalgoo biogeographic regions of Western Australia. It grows in sand, clayey sand and gravel over laterite on sandplains and roadsides.
Conservation status
Melaleuca bisulcata is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.
References
bisulcata
Myrtales of Australia
Plants described in 1862
Endemic flora of Western Australia
Taxa named by Ferdinand von Mueller
جون كاكافاس

جون كاكافاس موسيقي أمريكي (ولد يوم 13 أغسطس من العام 1930 في أبيردين ، ساوث داكوتا)
روابط خارجية
مراجع
أشخاص من أبردين (داكوتا الجنوبية)
أمريكيون من أصل يوناني
موسيقيون من داكوتا الجنوبية
مؤلفو موسيقى أفلام
مؤلفو موسيقى أفلام أمريكيون
مؤلفو موسيقى أفلام أمريكيون ذكور
William O. Goodman

William O. Goodman
William Owen Goodman (1848–1936) was an American lumber tycoon. He was born in Wellsboro, Pennsylvania to Owen and Susan (Barber) Goodman in 1848. His parents died at an early age and he was raised by various members of his family living in different areas throughout Pennsylvania, such as Columbia and Athens. He moved to Chicago at the age of 20 in 1868. He first worked as a bookkeeper and then a salesman for the Menominee River Lumber Company. He began investing in lumber on his own. In 1878 he married Erna Sawyer and, with his new brother-in-law, formed the Sawyer-Goodman Company, of which he eventually became president.
Goodman is famous for helping to found the Goodman Theatre through a gift of $250,000 made to Art Institute of Chicago. The donation was made in memory of his son Kenneth Sawyer Goodman, a playwright who died at the age of 35 during the 1918 flu pandemic. His son had written and produced a number of different plays throughout Chicago and had envisioned a theater which embraced the best professional training and performance standards.
He is also notable for employing architect Howard Van Doren Shaw to build both a tomb memorializing his son as well as his mansion in the expensive Gold Coast District. His former residence is on Astor Street, which was given landmark status in 1975 by then mayor Richard J. Daley.
References
External links
Goodman Family Papers at The Newberry Library
1848 births
1936 deaths
American businesspeople
American patrons of the arts
People from Wellsboro, Pennsylvania
مياو هيرانو

مياو هيرانو لاعبة كرة طاولة يابانية ولدت في 14 أبريل 2000 في نومازو، شيزوكا .
روابط خارجية
Miu Hirano's ITTF ranking
مراجع
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من نامازو (شيزوكا)
حائزون على ميداليات في الألعاب الآسيوية في كرة الطاولة
حائزون على ميداليات في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2020
حائزون على ميداليات في دورة الألعاب الآسيوية 2014
رياضيون يابانيون مغتربون في الصين
فائزون بميداليات أولمبية في كرة الطاولة
فائزون بميداليات بطولة العالم لكرة الطاولة
فائزون بميداليات فضية أولمبية من اليابان
فائزون بميداليات فضية في الألعاب الآسيوية لليابان
لاعبات كرة طاولة يابانيات
لاعبو كرة طاولة أولمبيون من اليابان
لاعبو كرة طاولة في الألعاب الأولمبية الشبابية الصيفية 2018
لاعبو كرة طاولة في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2020
لاعبو كرة طاولة في دورة الألعاب الآسيوية 2014
مواليد 2000
مواليد في نامازو (شيزوكا)
يابانيات في القرن 21
سبيكة حديدية

سبيكة حديدية
السبيكة الحديدية أو الأُشابة الحديدية مصطلح عام في مجال علم الصناعة وعلم التعدين والفلزات ويشير إلى أي سبيكة يكون أغلب محتواها من فلز الحديد مع وجود عنصر كيميائي آخر بمحتوى مرتفع نسبياً في السبيكة، مثل عناصر المنغنيز أو الألومنيوم أو السيلكيون. هناك أسلوب موحد في تسمية هذه السبائك، وذلك بإضافة السابقة «فرّو» (والمشتقة من كلمة ferrum والتي تعني حديد في اللاتينية) إلى اسم العنصر الكيميائي المرافق للحديد في السبيكة، كما في فرومنغنيز أو فروكروم أو فروسيليكون أو فروتيتانيوم على سبيل المثال.
تعد السبائك الحديدية ذات أهمية في إنتاج الصلب (الفولاذ)؛ إذ تضيف خواصاً مميزة من النواحي الفيزيائية والهندسية إلى الفولاذ إثناء التصنيع. في سنة 2014 شكلت كل من الصين وجنوب إفريقيا والهند وروسيا وكازاخستان حوالي 84% من الإنتاج العالمي من هذه السبائك؛ والذي وصل إلى حوالي 53 مليون طن في سنة 2015.
طالع أيضاً
فروتيتانيوم
فروسيليكون
فروكروم
فرومنغنيز
المراجع
ينغفي لارسون

ينغفي لارسون هو مهندس معماري ومخطط حضري وسياسي سويدي، ولد في 13 ديسمبر 1881 في في السويد، وتوفي في 16 ديسمبر 1977 في في السويد. نشط حزبياً في حزب الشعب الليبرالي. وقد انتخب عن دائرة (1946 – 1952).
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أشخاص من ستوكهولم
أعضاء برلمان السويد
حاصلون على وسام فآسا
خريجو جامعة أوبسالا
سياسيون سويديون في القرن 20
سياسيون من ستوكهولم
ضباط وسام جوقة الشرف
مخططون حضريون سويديون
مواليد 1881
وسام نجم قطبي
وفيات 1977