Siphoviridae

Siphoviridae is a family of double-stranded DNA viruses in the order Caudovirales. Bacteria and archaea serve as natural hosts. There are 1,166 species in this family, assigned to 366 genera and 22 subfamilies. The characteristic structural features of this family are a nonenveloped head and noncontractile tail.
Structure
Viruses in Siphoviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and head-tail geometries (morphotype B1) or a prolate capsid (morphotype B2), and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 60 nm. Members of this family are also characterized by their filamentous, cross-banded, noncontractile tails, usually with short terminal and subterminal fibers. Genomes are double stranded and linear, around 50 kb in length, containing about 70 genes. The guanine/cytosine content is usually around 52%.
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by adsorption into the host cell. Replication follows the replicative transposition model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by -1 ribosomal frameshifting, and +1 ribosomal frameshifting. The virus exits the host cell by lysis, and holin/endolysin/spanin proteins. Bacteria and archaea serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.
Taxonomy
The following subfamilies are recognized:
Arquatrovirinae
Arquatrovirus
Camvirus
Likavirus
Azeredovirinae
Dubowvirus
Phietavirus
Bclasvirinae
Acadianvirus
Coopervirus
Pregunavirus
Pipefishvirus
Rosebushvirus
Bronfenbrennervirinae
Biseptimavirus
Peevelvirus
Chebruvirinae
Brujitavirus
Dclasvirinae
Hawkeyvirus
Plotvirus
Deejayvirinae
Kenoshvirus
Secretariavirus
Tanisvirus
Dolichocephalovirinae Berteleyvirus Colossusvirus Poidextervirus Spirovirus Gochnauervirinae Dragolirvirus Harrisonvirus Vegavirus Wandersvirus Guernseyvirinae Cornelivirus Jerseyvirus Kagunavirus Gutmannvirinae Carmenvirus Pobcunavirus Hendrixvirinae Brynievirus Cauhtlivirus Kwaitsingvirus Nochtlivirus Sainkungvirus Shamshuipovirus Wainchavirus Wongtaivirus Yautsimvirus Langleyhallvirinae Getalongvirus Horusvirus Phystavirus Mccleskeyvirinae Limdunavirus Unaquatrovirus Mclasvirinae Bongovirus Reyvirus Nclasvirinae Bettesrvirus Charlievirus Redivirus Nymbaxtervirinae Baxtervirus Nymphaduravirus Pclasvirinae Bignuzvirus Fisburnevirus Phayoncevirus Queuovirinae Amoyvirus Nipunavirus Nonagvirus Seuratvirus Skryabinvirinae Bambunaquatrovirus Puchinovirus Trabyvirinae Jelitavirus Slepowrronvirus
Tybeckvirinae
Douglasvirus
Lenusvirus
Lideunavirus
Maenadvirus
The following genera are unassigned to a subfamily:
Abbeymikolonvirus
Abidjanvirus
Agmunavirus
Aguilavirus
Ahduovirus
Alachuavirus
Alegriavirus
Amigovirus
Anatolevirus
Andrewvirus
Andromedavirus
Annadreamyvirus
Appavirus
Apricotvirus
Arawnvirus
Armstrongvirus
Ashduovirus
Attisvirus
Attoomivirus
Audreyjarvisvirus
Austintatiousvirus
Avanivirus
Bantamvirus
Barnyardvirus
Beceayunavirus
Beetrevirus
Behunavirus
Bernalvirus
Betterkatzvirus
Bievrevirus
Bingvirus
Bowservirus
Bridgettevirus
Britbratvirus
Bronvirus
Brussowvirus
Camtrevirus
Casadabanvirus
Cbastvirus
Cecivirus
Ceduovirus
Ceetrepovirus
Cequinquevirus
Chenonavirus
Cheoctovirus
Chertseyvirus
Chivirus
Chunghsingvirus
Cimpunavirus
Cinunavirus
Coetzeevirus
Colunavirus
Coralvirus
Corndogvirus
Cornievirus
Coventryvirus
Cronusvirus
Cukevirus
Daredevilvirus
Decurrovirus
Delepquintavirus
Demosthenesvirus
Detrevirus
Deurplevirus
Dhillonvirus
Dinavirus
Dismasvirus
Doucettevirus
Edenvirus
Efquatrovirus
Eiauvirus
Eisenstarkvirus
Elerivirus
Emalynvirus
Eyrevirus
Fairfaxidumvirus
Farahnazvirus
Fattrevirus
Feofaniavirus
Fernvirus
Fibralongavirus
Fowlmouthvirus
Franklinbayvirus
Fremauxvirus
Fromanvirus
Gaiavirus
Galaxyvirus
Galunavirus
Gamtrevirus
Gesputvirus
Getseptimavirus
Ghobesvirus
Gilesvirus
Gillianvirus
Gilsonvirus
Glaedevirus
Godonkavirus
Goodmanvirus
Gordonvirus
Gordtnkvirus
Gorganvirus
Gorjumvirus
Gustavvirus
Halcyonevirus
Hattifnattvirus
Hedwigvirus
Helsingorvirus
Hiyaavirus
Hnatkovirus
Holosalinivirus
Homburgvirus
Hubeivirus
Iaduovirus
Ikedavirus
Ilzatvirus
Incheonvirus
Indlulamithivirus
Inhavirus
Jacevirus
Jarrellvirus
Jenstvirus
Jouyvirus
Juiceboxvirus
Junavirus
Kairosalinivirus
Kamchatkavirus
Karimacvirus
Kelleziovirus
Kilunavirus
Klementvirus
Knuthellervirus
Kojivirus
Konstantinevirus
Korravirus
Kostyavirus
Krampusvirus
Kryptosalinivirus
Kuleanavirus
Labanvirus
Lacnuvirus
Lacusarxvirus
Lafunavirus
Lambdavirus
Lambovirus
Lanavirus
Larmunavirus
Laroyevirus
Latrobevirus
Leicestervirus
Lentavirus
Liebevirus
Liefievirus
Lillamyvirus
Lokivirus
Lomovskayavirus
Luckybarnesvirus
Luckytenvirus
Lughvirus
Lwoffvirus
Magadivirus
Majavirus
Manhattanvirus
Mapvirus
Mardecavirus
Marienburgvirus
Marvinvirus
Maxrubnervirus
Mementomorivirus
Metamorphoovirus
Minunavirus
Moineauvirus
Montyvirus
Mudcatvirus
Mufasoctovirus
Muminvirus
Murrayvirus
Nanhaivirus
Nazgulvirus
Neferthenavirus
Nesevirus
Nevevirus
Nickievirus
Nonanavirus
Nyceiraevirus
Oengusvirus
Omegavirus
Oneupvirus
Orchidvirus
Oshimavirus
Pahexavirus
Pamexvirus
Pankowvirus
Papyrusvirus
Patiencevirus
Pepyhexavirus
Phifelvirus
Picardvirus
Pikminvirus
Pleeduovirus
Pleetrevirus
Poushouvirus
Predatorvirus
Priunavirus
Psavirus
Psimunavirus
Pulverervirus
Questintvirus
Quhwahvirus
Radostvirus
Raleighvirus
Ravarandavirus
Ravinvirus
Rerduovirus
Rigallicvirus
Rimavirus
Rockefellervirus
Rockvillevirus
Rogerhendrixvirus
Ronaldovirus
Roufvirus
Rowavirus
Ruthyvirus
Samistivirus
Samunavirus
Samwavirus
Sandinevirus
Sanovirus
Sansavirus
Saphexavirus
Sashavirus
Sasvirus
Saundersvirus
Sawaravirus
Scapunavirus
Schnabeltiervirus
Schubertvirus
Seongbukvirus
Septimatrevirus
Seussvirus
Sextaecvirus
Skunavirus
Slashvirus
Sleepyheadvirus
Smoothievirus
Sonalivirus
Soupsvirus
Sourvirus
Sozzivirus
Sparkyvirus
Spbetavirus
Spizizenvirus
Squashvirus
Squirtyvirus
Stanholtvirus
Steinhofvirus
Sukhumvitvirus
Tandoganvirus
Tankvirus
Tantvirus
Terapinvirus
Teubervirus
Thetabobvirus
Tigunavirus
Timquatrovirus
Tinduovirus
Titanvirus
Tortellinivirus
Triavirus
Trigintaduovirus
Trinavirus
Trinevirus
Triplejayvirus
Unahavirus
Uwajimavirus
Vashvirus
Vedamuthuvirus
Vendettavirus
Vhulanivirus
Vidquintavirus
Vieuvirus
Vividuovirus
Vojvodinavirus
Waukeshavirus
Wbetavirus
Weaselvirus
Whackvirus
Whiteheadvirus
Wildcatvirus
Wilnyevirus
Wizardvirus
Woesvirus
Woodruffvirus
Xiamenvirus
Xipdecavirus
Yangvirus
Yonseivirus
Yuavirus
Yvonnevirus
Zetavirus
Please note that genus Inceonvirus is likely misspelled Incheonvirus.
References
External links
Viralzone: Siphoviridae
ICTV
Complete Genomes of Siphoviridae
Virus families