List of military operations in the Nordic countries during World War II

List of military operations in the Nordic countries during World War II
The following is a list of military operations conducted in Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Greenland during World War II.
Axis
Birke ("Birch") (1944) — German plan to withdraw from northern Finland prior to the Lapland War
Birkhahn (1945) — German evacuation from Norway.
Büffel ("Buffalo") (1940) — German operation to relieve troops in Narvik, Norway
Hokki ("Calk") (1944) — Finnish plan to destroy railroad tracks to deny the Soviets their supplies.
Holzauge ("Wood knot") (1942) — activities in Greenland
Ikarus (1940) — planned German invasion of Iceland in response to British Operation Fork
Juno (1940) — German naval operation to disturb allied supplies to Norway
Kilpapurjehdus ("Regatta") (1941) — Finnish naval operation for the militarization of the Åland islands.
Lachsfang (1942) — Proposed combined German and Finnish attack against Kandalaksha and Belomorsk
Nordlicht 2 ("Aurora Borealis") (1944) — German withdrawal from the Kola Peninsula into Norway
Silberfuchs ("Silver Fox") (1941) — German and Finnish operations in the Arctic, including:
Blaufuchs 1 ("Blue Fox 1") (1941) — Staging of German forces from Germany to northern Finland
Blaufuchs 2 ("Blue Fox 2") (1941) — Staging of German forces from Norway to northern Finland
Platinfuchs ("Platinum Fox") (1941) — Joint German-Finnish attack towards Murmansk from Finnish Petsamo
Polarfuchs ("Polar Fox") (1941) — Joint German-Finnish attack towards Kandalaksha from Finnish Lapland
Renntier ("Reindeer") (1941) — German occupation of Petsamo
Safari (1943) — German operation to capture and disarm Danish forces
Sizilien (1943) — German raid upon Allied-occupied Spitzbergen (Svalbard)
Tanne Ost (1944) — failed German attempt to capture Suursaari from Finland
Tanne West (1944) — planned German attempt to capture the Åland from Finland
Weserübung ("Weser Exercise") (1940) — German invasion of Denmark and Norway
Weserübung Nord ("Weser Exercise") (1940) — German invasion of Trondheim and Narvik
Weserübung Sud ("Weser Exercise") (1940) — German invasion of Bergen, Kristiansand and Oslo
Zitronella ("Lemon flavour") (1943) — alternate name for Operation Sizilien
Allies
Alphabet (1940) — evacuation of British troops from Norway
Apostle (1945) — SAS operation to enforce German surrender in Norway
Archery (1941) — British commando raid on Vågsøy, Norway
Anklet (1941) — raid on German positions on Lofoten Islands, Norway
Brandy (1943) — MTB and commando raid on Florø, Norway
Carthage (1945) — RAF bombing of the Gestapo headquarters in Copenhagen, Denmark
Cartoon (1943) — commando raid on the island of Stord near Leirvik, Norway
Catherine (1939) British plan to gain control of Baltic Sea
Claymore (1941) — British raid on Lofoten Islands, Norway
Crackers (1943) — British raid at Sognefjord, Norway
Doomsday (1945) — alternative name for Apostle
Freshman (1942 ) — attempted raid on a Norwegian heavy water plant at Vemork, see Gunnerside
Grouse (1942) — Norwegian guide party for Freshman
Gunnerside (1943) — 2nd raid on the Norwegian heavy water plant at Vemork
Fork (1940) — Invasion of Iceland by British.
Gauntlet (1941) — raid on Spitzbergen
Jupiter (1942) — suggested invasion of Norway
Kitbag (1941) — aborted commando raid on town of Florø in Norway
Leader (1943) — American/British Home Fleet raid on German shipping along the coast of Norway in the Bodø area
Musketoon (1942) — British/ Norwegian destruction of a power station in Norway
R 4 (1940) — Planned British invasion of Norway
Source (1943) — British response to German operation Sizilien
The Sepals/Perianth Operation (1944) — OSS supported operation in Sweden
Sunshine (1944) — Combined British/Norwegian operation to protect essential power installations against possible German scorched earth tactics towards the end of the war
Valentine (1940) — British occupation of the Faroe Islands
Wilfred (1940) — British plan to mine the Norwegian coast
Other
Rädda Danmark ("Save Denmark") (1945) — Swedish plan to liberate Denmark before the German surrender
Rädda Själland ("Save Zealand") (1945) — Swedish landings on Zealand
Rädda Bornholm ("Save Bornholm") (1945) — Swedish landings on Bornholm
See also
List of World War II military operations
References
Further reading
Dear, Ian. The Oxford companion to world war II (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995)
Elting, John R. Battles for Scandinavia (Time-Life Books 1981)
Haarr, Geirr. The Gathering Storm: Naval War in Northern Europe, September 1939 to April 1940 (2013)
Haarr, Geirr. German Invasion of Norway: April 1940 (vol 1 2012); The Battle for Norway, April-June 1940 (vol 2 2010)
Mann, Chris. British Policy and Strategy Towards Norway, 1941-45 (Palgrave Macmillan, 2012)
Miller, James. The North Atlantic Front: Orkney, Shetland, Faroe and Iceland at War (2004)
Nissen, Henrik S., ed. Scandinavia during the Second World War (Universitetsforlaget, 1983)
Petrow, Richard. The Bitter Years; The Invasion and Occupation of Denmark and Norway, April 1940-May 1945 (1974)
Riste, Olav et al. Norway and the Second World War (1996)
Stenius, H., Österberg, M. and Östling, J., eds. Nordic Narratives of the Second World War: National Historiographies Revisited (Lund: Nordic Academic Press, 2011).
Vehvilainen, Olli. "Scandinavian Campaigns." in A Companion to World War II (2012) ed. by Thomas W. Zeiler and Daniel M. DuBois : vol 1 pp 208–21.
Vehvilainen, Olli. Finland In The Second World War: Between Germany and Russia (2002) excerpt and text search
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