Verbenaceae

Verbenaceae
The Verbenaceae, the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs, and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.
The family Verbenaceae includes 32 genera and 800 species. Phylogenetic studies have shown that numerous genera traditionally classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The mangrove genus Avicennia, sometimes placed in the Verbenaceae or in its own family, Avicenniaceae, has been placed in the Acanthaceae.
Economically important Verbenaceae include:
Lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla), grown for aroma or flavoring
Verbenas or vervains (Verbena), some used in herbalism, others grown in gardens
Taxonomy
Tribes and genera in the family and their estimated species numbers:
Casselieae (Schauer) Tronc.
Casselia Nees & Mart. - 6 species
Parodianthus Tronc. - 2 species
Tamonea Aubl. - 6 species
Citharexyleae Briq.
Citharexylum L. (fiddlewoods) - 60 species
Rehdera Moldenke - 3 species
Duranteae Bent.
Bouchea Cham. - 13 species
Chascanum E.Mey - 27 species
Duranta L. - 31 species
Recordia Moldenke - 2 species
Stachytarpheta Vahl - 120 species
Lantaneae Endl.
Aloysia Palau (beebrushes) - 36 species
Burroughsia Moldenke - 2 species
Coelocarpum Balf.f. - 6 species
Diphyllocalyx (Griseb.) Greuter & R.Rankin - 6 species
Isidroa Greuter & R.Rankin - 1 species
Lantana L. (shrub verbenas, lantanas) - 100 species
Lippia L. - 140 species
Nashia Millsp. - 1 species
Phyla Lour. (frogfruits) - 5 species
Neospartoneae Olmstead & N.O'Leary
Diostea Miers - 1 species
Lampayo Phil. ex Murillo - 3 species
Neosparton Griseb. - 3 species
Petreeae Briq.
Petrea L. (sandpaper vines) - 12 species
Priveae Briq.
Pitraea Turcz. - 1 species
Priva Adans. - 20 species
Verbeneae Dumort.
Glandularia J.F.Gmel. - 88 species
Hierobotana Briq. - 1 species
Junellia Moldenke - 38 species
Mulguraea N.O’Leary & P.Peralta - 11 species
Verbena L. (verbenas/vervains) - 57 species
Unassigned
Dipyrena Hook. - 1 species
Rhaphithamnus Miers - 2 species
Excluded genera
Various genera formerly included in the family Verbenaceae are now treated under other families:
Moved to Acanthaceae
Avicennia L.
Moved to Lamiaceae
Amasonia L.f.
Brachysola (F.Muell.) Rye
Callicarpa L.
Caryopteris Bunge
Chloanthes R.Br.
Clerodendrum L.
Congea Roxb.
Cornutia L.
Cyanostegia Turcz.
Dicrastylis J.Drumm. ex Harv.
Discretitheca P.D.Cantino
Faradaya F.Muell.
Garrettia H.R.Fletcher
Glossocarya Wall. ex Griff.
Gmelina L.
Hemiphora (F.Muell.) F.Muell.
Holmskioldia Retz.
Hosea Ridl.
Hymenopyramis Wall. ex Griff.
Kalaharia Baill.
Karomia Dop
Lachnostachys Hook.
Mallophora Endl.
Monochilus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
Newcastelia F.Muell.
Oncinocalyx F.Muell.
Oxera Labill.
Peronema Jack
Petitia Jacq.
Petraeovitex Oliv.
Physopsis Turcz.
Pityrodia R.Br.
Premna L.
Pseudocarpidium Millsp.
Pseudocaryopteris P.D.Cantino
Rotheca Raf.
Schnabelia Hand.-Mazz.
Spartothamnella Briq.
Sphenodesme Jack
Symphorema Roxb.
Tectona L.f.
Teijsmanniodendron Koord.
Teucridium Hook.f.
Tripora P.D.Cantino
Vitex L.
Moved to Oleaceae
Dimetra Kerr
Nyctanthes L.
Moved to Orobanchaceae
Asepalum Marais
Cyclocheilon Oliv.
Nesogenes A.DC.
Moved to Phrymaceae
Phryma L.
Moved to Stilbaceae
Campylostachys Kunth
Euthystachys A.DC.
Stilbe P.J.Bergius
Thesmophora Rourke
References
External links
Verbenaceae of Mongolia in FloraGREIF
Verbenaceae in BoDD – Botanical Dermatology Database
Lamiales families