PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Marvin Greenberg

Marvin Greenberg
Marvin Jay Greenberg (December 22, 1935 – December 12, 2017) was an American mathematician.
Education
Greenberg studied at Columbia University where he received his bachelor's degree in 1955 (he was a Ford Scholar as an undergraduate) and received his doctorate 1959 from Princeton University under Serge Lang with the thesis Pro-Algebraic Structure on the Rational Subgroup of a P-Adic Abelian Variety.
Career
From 1955 Greenberg was an assistant at Princeton, from 1958 an assistant at the University of Chicago and in 1958 and 1959, an instructor at Rutgers University. From 1959 to 1964 he was an assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, two years of which time he spent on National Science Foundation postdoctoral fellowships at Harvard University and the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques in Paris.
From 1965 to 1967 he was an associate professor at Northeastern University and from 1967 he worked as an associate professor, and later full professor, at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He retired early in 1992 and moved back to Berkeley.
He was known for his books on non-Euclidean geometry and algebraic topology.
Greenberg was also a passionate golfer and a founding member of the Shivas Irons Society.
References
External links
Marvin Greenberg's faculty page at the University of California, Santa Cruz
1935 births
2017 deaths
Mathematicians from New York (state)
Princeton University alumni
University of California, Santa Cruz faculty
Columbia University alumni
Northeastern University faculty
Scientists from New York City
Topologists
University of Chicago faculty
Rutgers University faculty
University of California, Berkeley College of Letters and Science faculty
20th-century American mathematicians
French–English translators
21st-century American mathematicians
20th-century American translators
Rob Holliday

Rob Holliday (born 1979) is a professional English musician. He has been the live guitarist of rock band Marilyn Manson as well as for Gary Numan, The Prodigy, and Sulpher. He began performing as Marilyn Manson's live bassist in 2007 but switched to guitars in January 2008 due to the return of former bass player Twiggy Ramirez.
Music career
Rob Holliday is half of the band Sulpher, having duties as a lyricist, guitarist, and lead vocalist. The duo have released two albums: Spray, with the singles "One of Us" and "You Ruined Everything", and No One Will Ever Know, which was released in 2018. Sulpher also includes Monti (Curve, Cocteau Twins, Gang of Four, The Jesus and Mary Chain) as producer, programmer, and drummer and Tim Mud as live guitarist. Holliday is currently the live guitarist for Gary Numan and live guitarist and live bassist for The Prodigy, and has also played live guitars and bass for Marilyn Manson during the Rape of the World tour. Holliday did not contribute to the writing or recording of the band's album Eat Me, Drink Me, released in 2007.
Although many people believed Rob to be a temporary member, Manson stated in an interview entitled "Everyone Will Suffer Now" on the Heirophant fansite that this is not the case, and that Holliday will stay as a permanent member of the band. Holliday played live guitars for The Prodigy on their 2008 tour. It is unclear if he has contributed to Manson's 2009 album The High End of Low, as was the case with the band's former guitarists (with the exception of Mark Chaussee).
Discography
Gary Numan
Pure (2000)
Scarred (2003)
Hybrid (2003)
Live at Shepherd's Bush Empire (2004)
Jagged (2006)
Curve
Gift (2001)
Sulpher
Spray (2002)
No One Will Ever Know (2018)
The Mission
Lighting the Candles (Live CD and DVD) (2005)
The Prodigy
World's on Fire (Live CD and DVD) (2011)
The Day Is My Enemy (2015)
Credits
Low Art Thrill – guitar (1996–1997)
Curve – live guitar (1998)
The Creatures – live guitar, live bass (1999–2000)
Sulpher – writing, guitar, vocals (1999–present)
Gary Numan – producer, remixer, live guitar, live bass (2000–2006)
The Mission – live guitar (2001–2004)
Flint – live bass (2003)
The Prodigy – live guitar, live bass (2005–present)
Marilyn Manson – live bass (2007), live guitar (2008)
References
Living people
English rock bass guitarists
Marilyn Manson (band) members
The Mission (band) members
Alternative metal bass guitarists
English industrial musicians
1979 births
21st-century English bass guitarists
Christopher Perle

Christopher Perle (born 17 December 1974) is a former footballer who played as a forward. He represented the Mauritius national team at international level, scoring 11 goals.
Career
Perle played abroad with SC Paderborn (Germany), La Passe FC (Seychelles), US Stade Tamponnaise and SS Jeanne d'Arc. For the Mauritius national team, he made 50 appearances scoring 11 goals.
References
External links
1974 births
Living people
Mauritian men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Mauritius men's international footballers
Mauritian Premier League players
SC Paderborn 07 players
La Passe FC players
SS Jeanne d'Arc players
Curepipe Starlight SC players
Mauritian expatriate men's footballers
Mauritian expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Mauritian expatriate sportspeople in Réunion
Expatriate men's footballers in Réunion
Mauritian expatriate sportspeople in Seychelles
Expatriate men's footballers in Seychelles
Juan Alfonso

Juan Alfonso Armenteros (born 8 February 1958) is a Cuban rower. He competed in two events at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1958 births
Living people
Cuban male rowers
Olympic rowers for Cuba
Rowers at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Pan American Games medalists in rowing
Pan American Games gold medalists for Cuba
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Cuba
Rowers at the 1979 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1979 Pan American Games
تخصص

تخصص
التخصص يعني اقتصار عضو أو فرد أو جماعة على القيام بعمل معين.
أنواع التخصص
تخصص عضوي: يظهر بوضوح في الكائنات الأكثر رقيا التي تتميز بوجود أجهزة متخصصة على عكس الكائنات الأدنى مثل الأميبا.
تخصص وظيفي (طبيعي: حيث تقوم بعض الكائنات بعمل معين بينما تقوم الكائنات الأخرى بأعمال أخرى مثل مملكة النحل، فوظيفة الملكة تختلف عن وظيفة النحلات الشغالات.
تخصص حضاري وصناعي: يتميز به الإنسان، وهو يعني التخصص في أداء أعمال أو إنتاج سلع أو خدمات معينة.
أسباب التخصص
اختلاف ظروف المجتمع بالنسبة للفرد: ويرجع ذلك إلى المزايا النسبية التي يتمتع بها الأفراد نتيجة التعلم أو ظروف البيئة والنظام الاجتماعي السائد
اختلاف الظروف الطبيعية والبيئية: كاختلاف الموقع والمناخ والموارد الطبيعية
اختلاف استعدادات الأفراد وقدراتهم: فهناك عمل يحتاح إلى قوة بدنية وأخر إلى قوة ذهنية وثالث إلى مهارة يدوية
فوائد التخصص
يساعد على توزيع الأعمال بين الأفراد حسب مزاياهم
يزيد من إتقان الأفراد للعمل
يؤدى إلى زيادة معرفة الأفراد ويزودهم بمهارات جديدة
يؤدى إلى الأختراع والأكتشاف والإبداع
ساعد على قيام نظرية التجارة الدولية بتيجة لتخصص الدول لاختلاف المزايا الطبيعية الموجودة عند كل منهم
مراجع
اقتصاد إنتاجي
تعليم عال
Cory Aldridge

Cory Aldridge
Cory Jerome Aldridge (born June 13, 1979) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He was drafted by the Atlanta Braves in the fourth round of the 1997 Major League Baseball Draft. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Braves and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim and in the KBO League for the Nexen Heroes.
Career
Aldridge played in eight games for the Braves in the season. He had no hits in five at-bats, with four strikeouts. In , he played in the Kansas City Royals organization for the Triple-A Omaha Royals.
Aldridge played with the Greenville Jacks in 2009 in 115 games he had his most productive season at any level batting .292 with 31 home runs and 102 RBI’s. The Jacks folded just before the start of the 2010 season.
In 2010, he was called up by the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim to play in the outfield. He got his first major league hit against the Oakland Athletics, an RBI triple.
On January 28, 2012, he signed a minor league contract with the Baltimore Orioles. He did not remain with the team, instead beginning the 2012 season in the Mexican League, before being signed to a minor league contract by the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim.
Aldridge was acquired by the Toronto Blue Jays on June 24, 2014. He was promoted from the Double-A New Hampshire Fisher Cats to the Triple-A Buffalo Bisons on July 4.
Personal
His father Jerry Aldridge played American football as a halfback for the San Francisco 49ers.
External links
Career statistics and player information from Korea Baseball Organization
1979 births
Living people
Acereros de Monclova players
African-American baseball players
Águilas de Mexicali players
Atlanta Braves players
American expatriate baseball players in Mexico
American expatriate baseball players in South Korea
Baseball players from Texas
Birmingham Barons players
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Caribes de Anzoátegui players
Danville Braves players
Diablos Rojos del México players
Greenville Braves players
Gulf Coast Braves players
Kiwoom Heroes players
Los Angeles Angels players
Macon Braves players
Major League Baseball outfielders
Mexican League baseball left fielders
Mexican League baseball right fielders
Myrtle Beach Pelicans players
Navegantes del Magallanes players
New Hampshire Fisher Cats players
Newark Bears players
Norfolk Tides players
Northwest Arkansas Naturals players
Omaha Royals players
Sportspeople from San Angelo, Texas
Salt Lake Bees players
Somerset Patriots players
Sultanes de Monterrey players
Tigres de Quintana Roo players
Tomateros de Culiacán players
Wichita Wranglers players
American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American sportspeople
Jeffinho

Jeffinho
Jefferson Ruan Pereira dos Santos (born 30 December 1999), commonly known as Jeffinho, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward or attacking midfielder for Ligue 1 club Lyon.
Career
Resende
Jeffinho began his career at Resende after playing youth football for Pelé Academia, which had a partnership with the club. He made his first team debut on 28 June 2020, coming on as a second-half substitute and scoring his team's second in a 2–0 Campeonato Carioca away win over Madureira.
Jeffinho continued to feature sparingly for Resende before moving to Gama on loan for the 2021 Série D. Back to his parent club, he impressed during the 2022 Carioca.
Botafogo
On 12 April 2022, Jeffinho moved to Botafogo on loan; initially assigned to the B-team, Jeffinho was called up to the first team squad of Bota by manager Luís Castro in June 2022. He made his main squad – and Série A – debut on 19 June, replacing Renzo Saravia late into a 3–2 away success over Internacional.
On 26 August 2022, Jeffinho signed a permanent three-year contract with Bota.
Lyon
On 31 January 2023, Jeffinho joined Ligue 1 club Lyon for a fee of €10 million, signing a contract until June 2027 with the French club.
On 28 February 2023, for his first start with Lyon, he scored his first goal, during a quarter-final of the Coupe de France against Grenoble.
On 3 June 2023, Jeffinho scored his first Ligue 1 goal in a game against Nice.
Career statistics
References
External links
Profile at the Olympique Lyonnais website
1999 births
Living people
Footballers from Volta Redonda
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série D players
Ligue 1 players
Resende FC players
Sociedade Esportiva do Gama players
Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas players
Olympique Lyonnais players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate men's footballers in France
Dániel Németh (footballer)

Dániel Németh (footballer)
Dániel Németh (born 9 October 2003) is a Hungarian professional footballer who plays for Zalaegerszeg and their affiliate club Mosonmagyaróvár.
Career statistics
.
References
2003 births
People from Gyöngyös
Footballers from Heves County
Living people
Hungarian men's footballers
Hungary men's youth international footballers
Hungary men's under-21 international footballers
Men's association football forwards
Budapest Honvéd FC players
NK Nafta Lendava players
Zalaegerszegi TE players
Mosonmagyaróvári TE footballers
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Nemzeti Bajnokság II players
Slovenian Second League players
Hungarian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Slovenia
Hungarian expatriate sportspeople in Slovenia
أنطوان كرم (سياسي فرنسي)

أنطوان كرم (سياسي فرنسي)
أنطوان كرم مواليد 21 فبراير 1950 بكايين، هو رئيس المجلس الإقليمي لغويانا الفرنسية.
كرم هو ابن لأب لبناني و أم من سانت لوسيا يعمل أستاذا للتاريخ و كان رئيسا للمجلس العلمي منذ 22 مارس 1992. بوصفه عضوا في حزب غويانا الاشتراكي اليساري (PSG)، المتحالف مع الحزب الاشتراكي الفرنسي (ps)، وهو أيضا الممثل الوحيد من غويانا الفرنسية في مجلس الشيوخ الفرنسي.
المراجع
آل كرم
اشتراكيون فرنسيون
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من كايين
سياسيو حزب الجمهورية إلى الأمام!
سياسيون غويانيون فرنسيون
غوانيون فرنسيون
غويانيون فرنسيون من أصل لبناني
فرنسيون من أصل لبناني
مواليد 1369 هـ
مواليد 1950
Seminiferous tubule

Seminiferous tubules are located within the testes, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of male gametes, namely spermatozoa.
Structure
The epithelium of the tubule consists of a type of sustentacular cells known as Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule.
In between the Sertoli cells are spermatogenic cells, which differentiate through meiosis to sperm cells. Sertoli cells function to nourish the developing sperm cells. They secrete androgen-binding protein, a binding protein which increases the concentration of testosterone.
There are two types: convoluted and straight, convoluted toward the lateral side, and straight as the tubule comes medially to form ducts that will exit the testis.
The seminiferous tubules are formed from the testis cords that develop from the primitive gonadal cords, formed from the gonadal ridge.
Function
Spermatogenesis, the process for producing spermatozoa, takes place in the seminiferous tubules. During spermatogenesis, the DNA of spermatogenic cells in the seminiferous tubules is subject to damage from such sources as reactive oxygen species. The genomic integrity of spermatogenic cells is protected by DNA repair processes. Deficiencies in the enzymes employed in these repair processes may lead to infertility.
Additional images
See also
Leydig cells
References
External links
Image
Diagram
Testicle
Scrotum
أندي ديلور

أندي ديلور
اندي ديلور (مواليد 9 أكتوبر 1991 في سيت، فرنسا) لاعب كرة قدم جزائري يجيد اللعب في خط الهجوم. يلعب حاليا لصالح نادي نانت في فرنسا. والده مكسيكي ووالدته فرنكو-جزائرية.
مراجع
روابط خارجية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية فرنسيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية فرنسيون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في قطر
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في المكسيك
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
جزائريون من أصل فرنسي
رياضيون جزائريون مغتربون في المكسيك
رياضيون جزائريون مغتربون في إنجلترا
رياضيون جزائريون مغتربون في قطر
رياضيون فرنسيون مغتربون في المكسيك
رياضيون فرنسيون مغتربون في إنجلترا
رياضيون فرنسيون مغتربون في قطر
رياضيون فرنسيون من أصل جزائري
رياضيون من هيرولت
فرنسيون من أصل جزائري
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو الدوري المكسيكي الممتاز
لاعبو أجاكسيو
لاعبو تايجرز أونال
لاعبو تورز
لاعبو تولوز
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الأولى الإنجليزي
لاعبو دوري نجوم قطر
لاعبو كاين
لاعبو كأس الأمم الإفريقية 2019
لاعبو كرة قدم جزائريون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجال جزائريون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في إنجلترا
لاعبو كرة قدم شاطئية فرنسيون
لاعبو كرة قدم فرنسيون
لاعبو كرة قدم فرنسيون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في المكسيك
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في إنجلترا
لاعبو كرة قدم من إيرو
لاعبو منتخب الجزائر لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب فرنسا لكرة القدم للشباب
لاعبو مونبلييه
لاعبو ميتز
لاعبو نادي أم صلال
لاعبو نانت
لاعبو نيس
لاعبو نيم
لاعبو ويجان أتلتيك
مهاجمو كرة قدم رجالية
مواليد 1412 هـ
مواليد 1991
مواليد في سيت
نادي أجاكسيو
إيزابيلا كاميرا دافليتو

إيزابيلا كاميرا دافليتو (بالإيطالية:Isabella Camera d'Afflitto) مترجمة أكاديمية إيطالية. تعتبر واحدة من المستعربين الرواد في إيطاليا. تُدرس الأدب العربي الحديث في جامعة لا سابينزا في روما، ولقد كتبت العديد من الكتب والمقالات العلمية حول هذا الموضوع.
روابط خارجية
المراجع
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة روما سابيينزا
أكاديميون إيطاليون
مستعربون إيطاليون
مواليد في أمالفي
أرنست فريدريش غلغ

أرنست فريدريش غلغ (1867-1933) هو عالم نبات ألماني.
طالع أيضاً
قائمة علماء النبات
مراجع
علماء من بادن-فورتمبيرغ
علماء نبات ألمان
علماء نبات ذوو مختصرات اسمية
علماء نباتات ألمان في القرن 19
علماء نباتات ألمان في القرن 20
مواليد 1867
نباتات وصفها أرنست فريدريش غلغ
وفيات 1933
وفيات في برلين
ماركوس جوريز

ماركوس جوريز مواليد 3 مارس 1964 في برشلونة، هو لاعب كرة مضرب إسباني سابق بدأ مسيرته كمحترف سنة 1989 وكان يلعب باليد اليسرى. أعلى تصنيف له في الفردي كان المركز الـ 88 في سنة 1992. أعلى تصنيف له في الزوجي كان المركز الـ 73 في سنة 1991.
النهائيات
الزوجي: 3 (1–2)
روابط خارجية
مراجع
إسبان في القرن 20
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون من برشلونة
لاعبو كرة مضرب إسبان
لاعبو كرة مضرب من برشلونة
لاعبو كرة مضرب من كتالونيا
مواليد 1964
مواليد في برشلونة
الماجل الروماني

الماجل الروماني هو معلم أثري تونسي مصنف من قبل المعهد الوطني للتراث يقع في ولاية الكاف في الشمال الغربي التونسي، تحديدا في مدينة هنشير القصور تم تصنيف المعلم في يوم 12 ماي 1901.
مقالات ذات صلة
قائمة المعالم الأثرية المصنفة في تونس
المصادر
معالم أثرية مصنفة في ولاية الكاف
ولاية الكاف
جزيرة فاضل

جزيرة فاضل هي تجمع لاجئين فلسطينيين تابع لمركز أبو كبير في محافظة الشرقية في مصر، يبلغ تعداد سكانها أكثر من 3500 نسمة (350 عائلة)،كلهم من اللاجئين الفلسطينين من منطقة بئر السبع الذين هجّروا عام 1948.
بموجب تعريف وكالة غوث وتشغيل اللاجئين الفلسطينيين لا تصنف جزيرة فاضل كمخيم لاجئين فلسطينيين لأن مصر غير مشمولة بلائحة الدول التي تصنفها الأونروا كمنطقة عمليات لها.
مراجع
مركز أبو كبير
زور بعرين

زور بعرين قرية سورية تتبع ناحية عوج في منطقة مصياف في محافظة حماة. بلغ عدد سكانها 164 نسمة في عام 2004 حسب إحصاء المكتب المركزي للإحصاء.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
الوحدات الإدارية في محافظة حماة
أماكن مأهولة في منطقة مصياف
زور بعرين
ريكاردو كونينغهام

ريكاردو كونينغهام هو منافس ألعاب قوى جامايكي، ولد في 10 أبريل 1982 في في جامايكا.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
جامايكيون في القرن 20
جامايكيون في القرن 21
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من أبرشية ويستمورلاند
رياضيو المسار والميدان في ألعاب الكومنولث 2010
رياضيو المسار والميدان في ألعاب الكومنولث 2014
رياضيو المسار والميدان في ألعاب الكومنولث 2018
رياضيو المسار والميدان في دورة الألعاب الأمريكية 2015
عداؤو مسافات متوسطة ذكور جامايكيون
لاعبو قفز حواجز جامايكيون
منافسون في ألعاب الكومنولث من جامايكا
منافسون في ألعاب أمريكا الوسطى والكاريبي 2010
منافسون في دورة الألعاب الأمريكية من جامايكا
مواليد 1982
ميل قاولد

ميل قاولد هو متسابق يخت كندي، ولد في 19 يوليو 1930 في تورونتو في كندا.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
بحارة رياضيون ذكور كنديون
رياضيون من تورونتو
مواليد 1930
Mzilate

Mzilate is a small town and rural commune in Essaouira Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 4583 people living in 719 households.
References
Populated places in Essaouira Province
Rural communes of Marrakesh-Safi
هيب هوب بديل

هيب هوب بديل
الهيب هوب البديل (معروف أيضا باسم الراب البديل) هو نوع فرعي من موسيقى الهيب هوب والذي يدور حول أصناف متنوعة من الراب والهيب هوب. الراب البديل يشير إلى مجموعات الهيب هوب التي ترفض أن ينطبق عليها أي من الصور النمطية التقليدية للراب، مثل غانغستا راب. هذا النوع بدأ في أواخر الثمانينات في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
انظر أيضا
هيب هوب
أنواع الهيب هوب
أنواع الهيب هوب الأمريكي
الموسيقى في عقد 1980
الموسيقى في عقد 1990
الموسيقى في عقد 2000
الموسيقى في عقد 2010
Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As

Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As
Abu ʿUthmān al-Ḥakam ibn Abī al-ʿĀṣ ibn Umayya (died 655/56), was the father of the founder of the Marwanid line of the Umayyad dynasty, Marwan I, and a paternal uncle of Caliph Uthman. He was known as a staunch opponent of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was consequently exiled when the latter captured their hometown of Mecca in 630. He was later pardoned by Uthman.
Family
Al-Hakam was the son of Abu al-As ibn Umayya of the Banu Abd Shams and Ruqayya bint al-Harith of the Banu Makhzum, both parents' clans belonging to the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. His paternal grandfather was the progenitor of the Umayyad family.
Al-Hakam married Amina bint Alqama ibn Safwan al-Kinaniyya after she was divorced by his half-brother Affan ibn Abi al-As. She gave birth to al-Hakam's son, Marwan, who became the Umayyad caliph in 684-685 and the progenitor of all successive Umayyad caliphs. Al-Hakam fathered at least twenty, but probably over thirty children from four different wives and a number of slave women. Besides Marwan, Amina bint Alqama was the mother of al-Hakam's eldest son, Uthman al-Azraq, and al-Harith, Abd al-Rahman, Salih and daughters Umm al-Banin and Zaynab. His second wife, Mulayka bint Awfa of the Banu Murra clan of the Ghatafan tribe, was the mother of his sons Yahya, Aban, Uthman al-Asghar, Habib, Amr and daughters Umm Yahya, Zaynab, Umm Shayba, Umm Uthman and Umm Salama. His third wife, Umm al-Nu'man bint al-Harith ibn Abi Amr of the Banu Thaqif tribe, gave him sons Nu'man, Aws, Suhayl, and Amr, and daughters Umm Aban, Umama, Umm Amr and Umm al-Hakam. His Qurayshite wife, al-Ba'itha bint Hashim ibn Utba ibn Rabi'a of the Banu Abd Shams was the mother of his son Yusuf.
Life
Al-Hakam was known to have staunchly opposed the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was thus exiled by the latter from Mecca to the nearby town of Taif. According to the history of 9th-century historian al-Tabari, Muhammad later pardoned al-Hakam and he was allowed to return to his hometown. However, in the history of 9th-century historian al-Yaqubi, al-Hakam was allowed to return to Mecca by his nephew, Caliph Uthman ibn Affan (r. 644–656), after his petitions to return were rejected by the previous two caliphs, Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) and Umar (r. 634–644). Uthman showed special favor to his kinsmen and he symbolically honored al-Hakam, along with his Umayyad relatives Abu Sufyan and al-Walid ibn Uqba and Banu Hashim member al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, by allowing them to sit on his throne in Medina. Al-Hakam died in 655/56.
References
Bibliography
Year of birth missing
7th-century Arab people
656 deaths
Banu Umayya
Opponents of Muhammad
Tolki

Tolki (also Romanized as Tolkī) is a village in Chenaran Rural District, in the Central District of Chenaran County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 183, in 41 families.
References
Populated places in Chenaran County
József Kiss (athlete)

József Kiss (athlete)
József Kiss (29 April 1909 – 5 September 1986) was a Hungarian long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, and finished 19th overall with a time of 2:50:20.0.
References
External links
1909 births
1986 deaths
Athletes (track and field) at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Hungarian male long-distance runners
Hungarian male marathon runners
Olympic athletes for Hungary
Sportspeople from Salgótarján
20th-century Hungarian people