G minor

G minor is a minor scale based on G, consisting of the pitches G, A, B, C, D, E, and F. Its key signature has two flats. Its relative major is B-flat major and its parallel major is G major.
The G natural minor scale is:
Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The G harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
Scale Degree Chords
Tonic - G minor
Supertonic - A diminished
Mediant - B-flat major
Subdominant - C minor
Dominant - D minor
Submediant - E-flat major
Subtonic - F major
Mozart's use of G minor
G minor has been considered the key through which Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart best expressed sadness and tragedy, and many of his minor key works are in G minor, such as Piano Quartet No. 1 and String Quintet No. 4. Though Mozart touched on various minor keys in his symphonies, G minor is the only minor key he used as a main key for his numbered symphonies (No. 25, and the famous No. 40). In the Classical period, symphonies in G minor almost always used four horns, two in G and two in B alto. Another convention of G minor symphonies observed in Mozart's No. 25 and Mozart's No. 40 was the choice of E-flat major, the subdominant of the relative major B, for the slow movement, with other examples including Joseph Haydn's No. 39 and Johann Baptist Wanhal's G minor symphony from before 1771.
Notable works in G minor
Arcangelo Corelli
Christmas Concerto
Henry Purcell
"Dido's Lament" from Dido and Aeneas
Antonio Vivaldi
Violin Concerto, Op. 4/6, RV 316a
Violin Concerto, Op. 6/1, RV 324
Violin Concerto, Op. 6/3, RV 318
Violin Concerto, Op. 7/3, RV 326
Violin Concerto Summer from "The four seasons", Op. 8/2, RV 315
Violin Concerto, Op. 8/8, RV 332
Flute Concerto La Notte, Op. 10/2, RV 439
Oboe Concerto, Op. 11/6, RV 460
Georg Philipp Telemann
Fantasia for flute solo No. 12
Fantasia for viola da gamba solo No. 7
Johann Sebastian Bach
Sonata No. 1 in G minor, BWV 1001
Great Fantasia and Fugue in G minor, BWV 542
"Little" Fugue in G minor, BWV 578
English Suite No. 3, BWV 808
Joseph Haydn
Stabat Mater
Symphony No. 39
Symphony No. 83 "The Hen"
String Quartet, Op. 20/3
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Symphony No. 25
Symphony No. 40
String Quintet No. 4
Piano Quartet No. 1
Six Variations on "Hélas, j'ai perdu mon amant"
Ludwig van Beethoven
Cello Sonata No. 2, Op. 5/2
Piano Sonata No. 19, Op. 49/1
Fantasia for piano in g minor, Op. 77 (ends in B major)
Franz Schubert
Stabat Mater, D 175
String Quartet No. 9, D 173
Violin Sonata No. 3, Op. posth. 137/3 D 408
Carl Maria von Weber
Trio for Piano, Flute and Cello, Op. 63
Felix Mendelssohn
Piano Concerto No. 1, Op. 25
String Symphony No. 12
Frédéric Chopin
Ballade No. 1, Op. 23
Nocturne, Op. 37, No. 1
Prelude "Impatience", Op. 28, No. 22
Cello Sonata, Op. 65
Polonaise in G minor, Op. posth.
Charles-Valentin Alkan
Scherzo diabolico, Op. 39, No. 3
49 Esquisses, Op. 63, no. 6 "Les cloches"; no. 26 "Petit air, Genre ancien"
Franz Liszt
Transcendental Étude No. 6 "Vision"
Robert Schumann
Symphony in G minor ("Zwickau")
Piano Sonata No. 2, Op. 22
Piano Trio No. 3, Op. 110
Johannes Brahms
Piano Quartet No. 1, Op. 25
Rhapsody, Op. 79/2
Capriccio, Op. 116/3
Ballade, Op. 118/3
Hungarian Dance No. 5 (orchestral version)
Camille Saint-Saëns
Piano Concerto No. 2, Op. 22
Danse macabre, Op. 40
Max Bruch
Violin Concerto No. 1, Op. 26
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Symphony No. 1, Op. 13
Antonín Dvořák
Piano Concerto, Op. 33
Slavonic Dance No. 8
Rondo for Cello and Orchestra, Op. 94
Piano Trio No. 2, Op. 26
Bagatelles, Op. 47
Gabriel Fauré
Sicilienne, Op. 78
Claude Debussy
String Quartet, Op. 10
Isaac Albéniz
Cataluña
Gustav Holst
Mars, the bringer of war, from the orchestral suite The Planets
Ralph Vaughan Williams
Mass in G minor
Sergei Rachmaninoff
Piano Concerto No. 4
Prelude in G minor
Cello Sonata
Sergei Prokofiev
Piano Concerto No. 2, Op. 16
Dmitri Shostakovich
Symphony No. 11 The year 1905, Op. 103
Piano Quintet, Op. 57
See also
Key (music)
Major and minor
References
External links
Musical keys
Minor scales