List of mammals of Lebanon

List of mammals of Lebanon
This list of mammals of Lebanon comprises 107 mammal species recorded in Lebanon, of which one is critically endangered, two are endangered, seven are vulnerable, and one is near threatened.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN Red List:
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
Subfamily: Antilopinae
Genus: Gazella
Mountain gazelle, G. gazella
Family: Cervidae (deer)
Subfamily: Capreolinae
Genus: Capreolus
Roe deer, C. capreolus
Subfamily: Cervinae
Genus: Cervus
Red deer, C. elaphus
Family: Suidae (pigs)
Subfamily: Suinae
Genus: Sus
Wild boar, S. scrofa
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae (cats)
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Caracal
Caracal, C. caracal
Genus: Felis
Jungle cat, F. chaus
African wildcat, F. lybica
Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
Genus: Herpestes
Egyptian mongoose, H. ichneumon
Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
Genus: Hyaena
Striped hyena, H. hyaena
Suborder: Caniformia
Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
Genus: Canis
Golden jackal, C. aureus
Syrian jackal, C. a. syriacus
Grey wolf, C. lupus
Arabian wolf, C. l. arabs
Genus: Vulpes
Red fox, V. vulpes
Family: Ursidae (bears)
Genus: Ursus
Brown bear, U. arctos
Syrian brown bear, U. a. syriacus
Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
Genus: Lutra
Eurasian otter, L. lutra
Genus: Martes
Beech marten, M. foina
Genus: Meles
Caucasian badger, M. canescens
Genus: Mellivora
Honey badger, M. capensis
Genus: Mustela
Least weasel, M. nivalis
Genus: Vormela
Marbled polecat, V. peregusna
Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
Genus: Monachus
Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus possibly extirpated
Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Species listed below also includes species being recorded in Levantine Sea except for gray whale.
Suborder: Mysticeti
Family: Balaenopteridae
Genus: Balaenoptera
Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN (possible)
Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN
Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
Subfamily: Megapterinae
Genus: Megaptera
Humpback whale, M. novaeangliae
Family: Balaenidae
Genus: Eubalaena
North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis CR (possible)
Suborder: Odontoceti
Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
Genus: Physeter
Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
Family: Ziphiidae (beaked whales)
Genus: Hyperoodon
Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus LC
Genus: Mesoplodon
Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
Genus: Ziphius
Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris LC
Genus: Mesoplodon
Gervais' beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris DD
Family: Delphinidae (oceanic dolphins)
Genus: Delphinus
Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis LC
Genus: Grampus
Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC
Genus: Pseudorca
False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD
Genus: Stenella
Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC
Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LR/cd (possible)
Genus: Sousa
Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin, Sousa chinensis DD
Genus: Steno
Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis LC
Genus: Tursiops
Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC
Genus: Grampus
Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus LC
Genus: Orcinus
Orca, Orcinus orca DD
Genus: Pseudorca
False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD
Genus: Globicephala
Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas DD
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
Subfamily: Pteropodinae
Genus: Rousettus
Egyptian fruit bat, R. aegyptiacus
Family: Vespertilionidae
Subfamily: Myotinae
Genus: Myotis
Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii
Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus
Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis
Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus
Natterer's bat, M. nattereri
Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
Genus: Eptesicus
Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus
Genus: Hypsugo
Savi's pipistrelle, Hypsugo savii
Genus: Nyctalus
Common noctule, Nyctalus noctula
Genus: Pipistrellus
Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
Common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC
Genus: Plecotus
Grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacus
Subfamily: Miniopterinae
Genus: Miniopterus
Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii
Family: Molossidae
Genus: Tadarida
European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis
Family: Nycteridae
Genus: Nycteris
Egyptian slit-faced bat, Nycteris thebaica LC
Family: Rhinolophidae
Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Mediterranean horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus euryale VU
Greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum
Lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros LC
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
Subfamily: Erinaceinae
Genus: Erinaceus
Southern white-breasted hedgehog, E. concolor
Genus: Hemiechinus
Long-eared hedgehog, H. auritus
Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)
The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat, they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.
Family: Procaviidae (hyraxes)
Genus: Procavia
Cape hyrax, P. capensis
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
Genus: Lepus
Cape hare, L. capensis
European hare, L. europaeus
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .
Suborder: Hystricomorpha
Family: Hystricidae
Genus: Hystrix
Indian crested porcupine, H. indica
Suborder: Sciurognathi
Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
Subfamily: Sciurinae
Tribe: Sciurini
Genus: Sciurus
Caucasian squirrel, S. anomalus
Subfamily: Xerinae
Tribe: Marmotini
Genus: Spermophilus
Asia Minor ground squirrel, Spermophilus xanthoprymnus
Family: Gliridae (dormice)
Subfamily: Leithiinae
Genus: Dryomys
Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula
Genus: Eliomys
Asian garden dormouse, Eliomys melanurus LC
Family: Spalacidae
Subfamily: Spalacinae
Genus: Nannospalax
Palestine mole rat, Nannospalax ehrenbergi LC
Family: Cricetidae
Subfamily: Cricetinae
Genus: Cricetulus
Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius
Genus: Mesocricetus
Turkish hamster, Mesocricetus brandti
Subfamily: Arvicolinae
Genus: Microtus
Günther's vole, Microtus guentheri
Persian vole, Microtus irani
Social vole, Microtus socialis
Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters)
Subfamily: Gerbillinae
Genus: Gerbillus
Wagner's gerbil, Gerbillus dasyurus
Genus: Meriones
Tristram's jird, Meriones tristrami
Subfamily: Murinae
Genus: Apodemus
Persian field mouse, Apodemus arianus
Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis
Broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinus
Genus: Mus
House mouse, Mus musculus
Genus: Rattus
Brown rat, R. norvegicus introduced
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews)
Subfamily: Crocidurinae
Genus: Crocidura
Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon
Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens
Genus: Suncus
Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus
Locally extinct
The following species are locally extinct in the country:
Cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus
Hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus
Wild goat, Capra aegagrus
Nubian ibex, Capra nubiana
Persian fallow deer, Dama mesopotamica
Onager, Equus hemionus
Lion, Panthera leo
Leopard, Panthera pardus
See also
Wildlife of Lebanon
List of chordate orders
Lists of mammals by region
Mammal classification
References
External links
Lebanon
Lebanon
Mammals
Mammals