List of political parties in France

List of political parties in France
This article contains a list of political parties in France.
France has a multi-party political system: one in which the number of competing political parties is sufficiently large as to make it almost inevitable that, in order to participate in the exercise of power, any single party must be prepared to negotiate with one or more others with a view to forming electoral alliances and/or coalition agreements.
The dominant French political parties are also characterised by a noticeable degree of intra-party factionalism, making each of them effectively a coalition in itself.
Up until recently, the government of France had alternated between two rather stable coalitions:
on the centre-left, one led by the Socialist Party and with minor partners such as The Greens and the Radical Party of the Left.
on the centre-right, one led by The Republicans (and previously its predecessors, the Union for a Popular Movement, Rally for the Republic) and the Union of Democrats and Independents.
This was the case until the 2017 presidential election, when Emmanuel Macron of the centrist La République En Marche! defeated Marine Le Pen of the far-right National Rally in the second round. This was the first time in which a third party had won the presidency, as well as the first time that neither of the major coalitions had appeared in the second round of a presidential election. This was followed shortly by a significant victory for LREM in the 2017 legislative election, winning a majority of 350 seats. Both the traditional coalitions suffered major defeats.
In the 2022 presidential election, the same scenario repeated, with Emmanuel Macron being again victorious. Both traditional parties (Socialist Party and The Republicans) scored less than 5% each, with Jean-Luc Mélenchon's La France Insoumise emerging as the dominant left-wing party, ranking third in the first round.
The National Rally (previously known as the National Front before a name change in 2018) has also experienced significant successes in other elections. Since 2014, the party has established itself as a major party in France, finishing in first place in the 2014 and 2019 European elections as well as in the 2015 local elections, though the party failed to win government in any regions due to the last-ditch alliance between the centre-left and the centre-right coalitions in Hauts-de-France and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.
Elected parties
Major nationwide represented parties
Other nationwide represented parties
Regional parties with national representation
Region-only parties
Non-elected parties
French Revolution
Jacobin Club (Centre-left to left-wing)
Girondist (Centre-left)
Maraisards (Syncretic)
Montagnards (Radicalism)
Cordeliers Club (Left-wing to far-left)
Hébertistes (Far-left)
Feuillants Club
Enragés (Far-left)
Monarchiens (Centre to centre-right)
Club de Clichy (Right-wing)
Bonapartists (1815)
Historical parties
Bonapartists (1815, 1851–1889)
Socialist Party of France (1902)
French Socialist Party (1902)
French Socialist Party (1919)
Socialist Party of France – Jean Jaurès Union
French Section of the Workers International
Democratic Republican Alliance
Union of the Democratic Forces (1958–1960)
(PAPF; 1927–1939)
(PRAS; 1936–1940)
(1945–1951)
The New Democrats (2020–2022)
Political parties in French overseas possessions
List of political parties in French Guiana
List of political parties in French Polynesia
List of political parties in Guadeloupe
List of political parties in Martinique
List of political parties in Mayotte
List of political parties in New Caledonia
List of political parties in Reunion
List of political parties in Saint Barthélemy
List of political parties in the Collectivity of Saint Martin
List of political parties in Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
List of political parties in Wallis and Futuna
Historical parties
French India Socialist Party
Mahé Socialist Party
See also
Liberalism and radicalism in France
Lists of political parties
Notes
References
France
Political parties
France