Catherine Doherty

Catherine Doherty
Catherine de Hueck Doherty (née Ekaterina Fyodorovna Kolyschkina; August 15, 1896 - December 14, 1985) was born in Russia to wealthy parents and came to Canada after escaping the Russian Revolution. She was a Catholic lay apostle, social activist, a pioneer in the struggle for interracial justice, spiritual writer, lecturer, and spiritual mother to priests and laity.
During the Great Depression, she founded Friendship House, which served the poor in Toronto. After its closure, she opened Friendship House in Harlem, New York in 1938, serving the needs of the black community there.
In 1947, Catherine and her second husband, Irish American journalist Eddie Doherty, moved to the village of Combermere, Ontario, where the Madonna House Apostolate, a Catholic community of laymen, laywomen, and priests, developed and flourished.
Among her more than thirty books, many of which blended a profound spirituality of East and West, was the spiritual classic Poustinia. "A woman in love with God," she strived and taught others to live the Gospel without compromise.
Doherty's cause for canonization is under consideration by the Catholic Church.
Early life
Shortly before the turn of the century, Catherine was born in Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, to Theodore (Fyodor) and Emma (Thomson) Kolyschkine. Baptized in the Russian Orthodox Church, she received from her parents an upbringing permeated with the riches of Russian Orthodox spirituality as well as an openness to other religions, especially Catholicism.
Catherine spent much of her childhood in countries where her father, a successful international insurance agent, had been posted. In Egypt she attended the convent school of the Sisters of Sion, where some of the key aspects of her spirituality were formed. The family returned to St. Petersburg in 1910, and two years later, at the age of 15, Catherine married her first cousin, Baron Boris de Hueck (1889-1947).
At the outbreak of World War I, Catherine served as a nurse at the front, experiencing firsthand the horrors of war. Returning to St. Petersburg and the Russian Revolution, she escaped with her husband to Finland, where they nearly met death at the hands of Bolshevik peasants. They served with the Allied army in Murmansk were evacuated to England in 1919. Later that year, in London, Catherine was received into the Roman Catholic Church.
The couple immigrated to Toronto, where Catherine gave birth to a son, George. To make ends meet, she took menial jobs, was eventually hired as a lecturer on the Chatauqua circuit, and in time became an executive with the Leigh-Emmerich Lecture Bureau in New York City.
Friendship House
Newly prosperous but with her marriage in ruins, and dissatisfied with a life of material comfort, de Hueck began to feel the promptings of a deeper call through a passage that leaped to her eyes each time she opened the Bible: "Arise — go... sell all you possess... take up your cross and follow Me." In 1932, having obtained the blessing of her bishop, she gave away her possessions and went to live in the slums of Toronto. Others, attracted by her radical gospel witness, came to join her, and Friendship House was born. She begged food and clothing, organized activities for the youth, and countered Communist propaganda with the social encyclicals of the popes.
Beleaguered by misunderstandings and calumny, the Toronto Friendship House was forced to close in 1936. Two years later, with the backing of Fr. John Lafarge SJ, Catherine initiated an interracial apostolate in Harlem, New York, living with and serving the African-American population. As this work expanded to Chicago, Washington, D.C., and Portland, Oregon, Friendship House became well known in the American Catholic Church.
Personal life
Catherine's marriage to Boris de Hueck was one of suffering caused by his emotional abuse and continual, flagrant infidelities. Their union was annulled on March 18, 1943, on the grounds of consanguinity, as they were first cousins. Their son, George, became a businessman, husband, and father, and was ordained a permanent deacon in the Catholic Church. He died in 1991.
On June 25, 1943, Catherine married Eddie Doherty (1890-1975), a well-known Irish-American newspaperman and writer. They took vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience in 1955, and on August 15, 1969, in Nazareth, Israel, Eddie was ordained a priest in the Melkite rite of the Catholic Church by Archbishop Joseph Raya.
Madonna House
Catherine's marriage and her broader vision of the apostolate were sources of painful disagreement between the Friendship House staff and its foundress. Catherine and Eddie withdrew to Combermere, Ontario, Canada with the intention of retiring, but once again, people came to join her. A new apostolate called Madonna House came into being. It would prove to be the most lasting and most fruitful phase of her work.
The community grew into an apostolic family of laymen, laywomen, and priests, breathing from the "two lungs," East and West, of the Catholic Church and offering a vision of the gospel lived out in everyday life. In 2022 the Madonna House Apostolate numbered over 200 members, with foundations in Canada and the United States, Europe, Russia, and the West Indies. At the training center in Combermere, guests share the life of the community, learning a Christian family spirit and to incarnate the gospel in everyday life.
Catherine de Hueck Doherty died in Combermere on December 14, 1985, at the age of 89. The cause for her canonization has been officially opened in the Catholic Church and she has been given the title Servant of God.
Spirituality (selected aspects)
The Little Mandate
The core of Doherty's spirituality is summarized in a distillation of the gospel which she called "The Little Mandate" — words which she believed she received from God. It reads:
The Vision of the Whole
"The vision of the whole, " she wrote, "is that every task, routine or not, is of redeeming value because we are united with Christ." All life is thus related to the gospel, to "loving [one's] Beloved" through service to one's neighbor. Through doing little things with intense love, the world is restored to its creator, to God. Human existence, for her, was "a lifelong love affair with God, whereby the human creature continuously responds to this God who first loved us. "
Breathing with Both Lungs of the Church
"I knew in the depths of my heart that, humble and unimportant as I was, a simple refugee from Russia, I too had a share in the healing of this [division]. How it was to be healed, I did not know, except, perhaps, by trying to live my Eastern spirituality and sharing whatever I could with my fellow Roman Catholics."
Books (partial listing)
Poustinia, Sobornost, Strannik, Urodivoi, Molchanie, Bogoroditza, Living the Gospel Without Compromise, Dearly Beloved, The People of the Towel and the Water, Soul of My Soul, My Russian Yesterdays, Fragments of My Life, Grace in Every Season, Dear Father, Dear Seminarian, Apostolic Farming, Beginning Again, Donkey Bells, Season of Mercy, On the Cross of Rejection, In the Furnace of Doubts, In the Footprints of Loneliness, God in the Nitty-Gritty Life, Light in the Darkness.
Awards
Cross of St. George, for bravery on the Russian Front
Order of St. Anna, for continuing in the line of duty under attack
Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice, Papal decoration medal, awarded by Pope John XXIII for "exceptional and outstanding work for the Church and for the Pope", 1960
Member of the Order of Canada, "for a lifetime of devoted services to the underprivileged of many nationalities, both in Canada and abroad", 1976. In July 2008, the Madonna House Apostolate returned Doherty's Order of Canada insignia to Rideau Hall as a symbolic gesture of protest over the induction of Henry Morgentaler into the order.
Dame of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem
Jules Favre Foundation Award, Académie française
Woman of the Year, World Union of Catholic Women's Organizations, Rome
International Mark Twain Society
Poverello Medal, Franciscan University of Steubenville
See also
Committee of Catholics to Fight Anti-Semitism
Eastern Catholic Churches
Eddie Doherty
Friendship House
Hermit
Madonna House Apostolate
Our Lady of Combermere
Poustinia
Restoration (newspaper)
References
External links
Catherine Doherty's Cause for Canonization
Madonna House Apostolate
Books by Catherine Doherty
1896 births
1985 deaths
20th-century venerated Christians
Activists for African-American civil rights
Canadian activists
Canadian anti-poverty activists
Canadian Christian pacifists
Canadian civil rights activists
Canadian Eastern Catholics
Canadian hermits
Canadian Roman Catholic theologians
Canadian Servants of God
Canadian spiritual writers
Canadian women non-fiction writers
Catholic pacifists
Catholic social teaching
Converts to Eastern Catholicism from Eastern Orthodoxy
Eastern Catholic Servants of God
Eastern Catholic writers
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Canada
Former Russian Orthodox Christians
Founders of Catholic religious communities
Leaders of Christian parachurch organizations
Members of the Order of Canada
People from Renfrew County
Roman Catholic activists
Roman Catholic writers
Russian Eastern Catholics
Russian hermits
Russian untitled nobility
White movement people
White Russian emigrants to Canada
Women civil rights activists