Charles Stark Draper Prize

Charles Stark Draper Prize
The U.S. National Academy of Engineering annually awards the Draper Prize, which is given for the advancement of engineering and the education of the public about engineering. It is one of three prizes that constitute the "Nobel Prizes of Engineering"—the others are the Academy's Russ and Gordon Prizes. The Draper Prize is awarded biennially and the winner of each of these prizes receives $500,000. The Draper prize is named for Charles Stark Draper, the "father of inertial navigation", an MIT professor and founder of Draper Laboratory.
Past winners
1989: Jack S. Kilby and Robert N. Noyce for their independent development of the monolithic integrated circuit
1991: Sir Frank Whittle and Hans von Ohain for their independent development of the turbojet engine
1993: John Backus for his development of FORTRAN, the first widely used, general purpose, high-level computer language
1995: John R. Pierce and Harold A. Rosen for their development of communication satellite technology
1997: Vladimir Haensel for his invention of "platforming"
1999: Charles K. Kao, Robert D. Maurer, and John B. MacChesney for the development of fiber optics
2001: Vinton G. Cerf, Robert E. Kahn, Leonard Kleinrock, and Lawrence G. Roberts for the development of the Internet
2002: Robert Langer for the bioengineering of revolutionary medical drug delivery systems
2003: Ivan A. Getting and Bradford W. Parkinson for their work developing the Global Positioning System
2004: Alan C. Kay, Butler W. Lampson, Robert W. Taylor, and Charles P. Thacker for their work on Alto, the first practical networked computer
2005: , James W. Plummer, and for the design, development, and operation of Corona, the first space-based Earth observation systems
2006: Willard S. Boyle and George E. Smith for the invention of the charge-coupled device (CCD), a light-sensitive component at the heart of digital cameras and other widely used imaging technologies
2007: Tim Berners-Lee for developing the World Wide Web
2008: Rudolf E. Kálmán for developing the Kalman filter
2009: Robert H. Dennard for his invention and contributions to the development of Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), used universally in computers and other data processing and communication systems
2011: Frances H. Arnold and Willem P.C. Stemmer for their individual contributions to directed evolution, a process which allows researchers to guide the creation of certain properties in proteins and cells. This technique has been used in food ingredients, pharmaceuticals, toxicology, agricultural products, gene delivery systems, laundry aids, and biofuels
2012: George H. Heilmeier, Wolfgang Helfrich, Martin Schadt, and T. Peter Brody for their contributions to the development of liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies
2013: Thomas Haug, Martin Cooper, Yoshihisa Okumura (奥村 善久), Richard H. Frenkiel, and Joel S. Engel – mobile phone pioneers who laid the groundwork for cellular telephone networks (GSM) and today's smartphone.
2014: John Goodenough, (西 美緒), Rachid Yazami and Akira Yoshino (吉野 彰) – rechargeable battery pioneers who laid the groundwork for today's lithium ion battery.
2015: Isamu Akasaki, M. George Craford, Russell Dupuis, Nick Holonyak, Jr. and Shuji Nakamura for the invention, development, and commercialization of materials and processes for light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
2016: Andrew J. Viterbi for development of the Viterbi algorithm, its transformational impact on digital wireless communications, and its significant applications in speech recognition and synthesis and in bioinformatics.
2018: Bjarne Stroustrup for conceptualizing and developing the C++ programming language.
2020: Jean Fréchet and C. Grant Willson for the invention, development, and commercialization of chemically amplified materials for micro- and nanofabrication, enabling the extreme miniaturization of microelectronic devices.
2022: Steve B. Furber, John L. Hennessy, David A. Patterson and Sophie M. Wilson for contributions to the invention, development, and implementation of reduced instruction set computer (RISC) chips.
The NAE website shows that no Draper Prize was awarded in 2010, 2017, 2019 or 2021. Since the award is a biennial one, it was probably only given in even years beginning in 2016. The Russ Prize, also from the NAE, is awarded in odd years.
See also
List of engineering awards
References
Draper Prize winners
Awards of the United States National Academy of Engineering
International awards