Kanaanäische und Aramäische Inschriften

Kanaanäische und Aramäische Inschriften (in English, Canaanite and Aramaic Inscriptions), or KAI, is the standard source for the original text of Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions not contained in the Hebrew Bible.
It was first published from 1960 to 1964 in three volumes by the German orientalists Herbert Donner and Wolfgang Röllig, and has been updated in numerous subsequent editions.
The work attempted to "integrate philology, palaeography and cultural history" in the commented re-editing of a selection of Canaanite and Aramaic Inscriptions, using the "pertinent source material for the Phoenician, Punic, Moabite, pre-exile-Hebrew and Ancient Aramaic cultures." Röllig and Donner had the support of William F. Albright in Baltimore, James Germain Février in Paris and Giorgio Levi Della Vida in Rome during the compilation of the first edition.
Editions
The 4th edition was published between 1966 and 1969, and a 5th edition was published in 2002. However, the 5th edition only comprised the first volume (showing the texts in modern Hebrew script), expanding the previous edition by 40 texts. An updated version of the third volume (a brief bibliography of all the texts in Volume 1) was proposed.
The first edition was intended to represent all the known texts of significant importance, but not to be a complete collection to replace the Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum. With respect to Aramaic inscriptions, all stone inscriptions until the Achaemenid Empire were included, whereas Imperial Aramaic inscriptions are only partially represented. Less emphasis was put on Aramaic papyri, ostraca and clay tablets, as such collections either already existed or were being prepared elsewhere. The included papyri and ostraca were chosen in order to provide and objective rounding of the picture, such as if they were published in a remote location. Nabataean and Palmyrene inscriptions were excluded, as were most of the Elephantine papyri.
The inscriptions were ordered geographically, and then chronologically within each geography; a division was made between “Punic” and “Neo Punic” that was acknowledged to be subjective.
In the second edition, four new texts were added - the fourth of the Karatepe inscriptions (KAI 26), and the three new texts (KAI 277-279). In the fifth edition, 40 new texts were added, primarily because they were only discovered or published after the appearance of the original edition or - like the Agrigentum inscription (KAI 302) - were given a new relevance due to a recent interpretation.
Two groups of new texts were not included in the fifth edition: new Hebrew inscriptions, which were considered to have been well summarized in J. Renz / W. Röllig, Handbuch der Althebraische Epigraphik (Darmstadt 1995-2002) and the Imperial Aramaic texts from Egypt, which were considered to have been well summarized in the Textbook of Aramaic Documents from Ancient Egypt.
Phoenician inscriptions
A.I: From "the Motherland" (KAI 1-22, 280-286)
Byblos
KAI 1: Ahiram Sarcophagus
KAI 2: Byblos Necropolis graffito
KAI 3: Byblos bronze spatulas
KAI 4: Yehimilk inscription
KAI 5: Abiba’l inscription (RES 505)
KAI 6: Osorkon Bust
KAI 7: Safatba'al inscription
KAI 8: Abda sherd graffito
KAI 9: Son of Shipitbaal inscription
KAI 10: Yehawmilk Stele (CIS I 1)
KAI 11: Batnoam inscription
KAI 12: Byblos altar inscription
KAI 14: Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II (CIS I 3)
KAI 17: Phoenician dedication to Astarte
KAI 280: Byblos marble inscription (Byblos 13, RES 1202)
Sidon
KAI 13: Tabnit sarcophagus (RES 1202)
KAI 14: Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II (CIS I 3, RES 1506)
KAI 15-16: Bodashtart inscriptions (RES 766-767)
KAI 281: Baalshillem Temple Boy
KAI 282: Abdmiskar cippus (RES 930)
Tyre
KAI 17: Throne of Astarte (RES 800)
Umm al-Amad
KAI 18: Baalshamin inscription (CIS I 7)
Masub
KAI 19: Masub inscription (RES 1205)
Roueisseh
KAI 20-22: Phoenician arrowheads
Sarafand
KAI 285: Sarepta Tanit inscription
Tel Miqne
KAI 286: Ekron Royal Dedicatory Inscription
A.II: From Syria and Asia Minor (KAI 23-29, 287)
Sam'al
KAI 23: Hasanbeyli inscription
KAI 24: Kilamuwa Stela
KAI 25: Kilamuwa scepter
Karatepe
KAI 26: Karatepe bilingual
Arslan Tash
KAI 27: Arslan Tash amulets
KAI 28: Carchemish Phoenician inscription
KAI 29: Ur Box inscription
Çebel Ires Daǧı
KAI 287: Çebel Ires Daǧı inscription
A.III: From the islands (KAI 30-47, 288-292)
Cyprus
KAI 30: Archaic Cyprus inscription (origin unknown)
KAI 31: Baal Lebanon inscription (Limassol) (CIS I 5)
KAI 32: Kition Resheph pillars (CIS I 10, 88)
KAI 33, 35: Pococke Kition inscriptions (CIS I 11, 46, 57–85)
KAI 34: Kition Necropolis Phoenician inscriptions (RES 1206)
KAI 36: Kellia inscription (CIS I 47)
KAI 37: Kition Tariffs (CIS I 86A-B, 87)
KAI 38-40: Idalium (KAI 39 = Idalion bilingual) (CIS I 89-94)
KAI 41: Tamassos bilinguals (RES 1212-1213)
KAI 42: Anat Athena bilingual (CIS I 95, RES 1515)
KAI 43: Larnakas tis Lapithou pedestal inscription (RES 1211)
KAI 46: Nora Stone (CIS I 144)
KAI 288-290: Later Kition inscriptions
Rhodes
KAI 44-45: Rhodes inscriptions
Sardinia
KAI 46: Nora Stone (CIS I 144)
Malta
KAI 47: Cippi of Melqart (CIS I 122)
Crete
KAI 291: Tekke Bowl Inscription (Knossos)
Kos
KAI 292: Hellenistic Greek-Phoenician bilingual
A.IV: From Egypt (KAI 48-52)
KAI 48: Memphis inscription (RES 1, 235)
KAI 49: Abydos inscription (CIS I 99-110)
KAI 50-51: Phoenician papyrus letters
KAI 52: Phoenician Harpocrates statues (RES 1507)
A.V: From Greece (KAI 53-60, 293)
KAI 53-55: Athens inscriptions (CIS I 115-117)
KAI 56-60: Piraeus inscriptions (CIS I 118-120)
KAI 293: Demetrias inscription
A.Addition: From mainland Europe (KAI 277, 294)
KAI 277: Pyrgi Tablets
KAI 294: Seville statue of Astarte
Punic inscriptions
B.I: From the islands (KAI 61-68, 295-301)
KAI 61: Mdina steles (CIS I 123A-B)
KAI 62: Gozo stele (CIS I 132)
KAI 63: Lilybaeum stele (CIS I 138)
KAI 64: Bashamem inscription (CIS I 139)
KAI 65: Giardino Birocchi inscription
KAI 66: Pauli Gerrei trilingual inscription (CIS I 143)
KAI 67: Tharros Punic inscriptions (CIS I 158)
KAI 68: Olbia pedestal (RES 1216)
KAI 295: Grotta Regina Punic inscriptions
KAI 296-298: Mozia Punic inscriptions
KAI 299-301: Temple of Antas Punic inscriptions
B.II. From mainland Europe (KAI 69-72)
KAI 69: Marseille Tariff (CIS I 165)
KAI 70: Avignon Punic inscription (RES 360)
KAI 71: Cadiz Phoenician inscription
KAI 72: Ibiza Phoenician inscriptions
B.III. From Africa (KAI 73-116, 302-305)
Carthage
KAI 73: Douïmès medallion (CIS I 6057, RES 5)
KAI 74: Carthage tariff (CIS I 167)
KAI 76: Carthage Festival inscription (CIS I 166)
KAI 78: Mitsri genealogy inscription (CIS I 3778)
KAI 79: KNMY inscription (CIS I 3785)
KAI 82: Persephone Punic stele (CIS I 176)
KAI 84: Son of Baalshillek marble base (CIS I 178)
KAI 85: Carthaginian tombstones (CIS I 184)
KAI 86-88: Pricot de Sainte-Marie steles (CIS I 264, 221, 1885)
KAI 89: Punic Tabella Defixionis (CIS I 6068)
KAI 92: Sibbolet funeral inscription (CIS I 5948, RES 768)
KAI 97-98: Hadrumetum Punic inscriptions
KAI 100-101: Punic-Libyan bilinguals
KAI 102-116: Cirta steles
KAI 302: Agrigentum inscription (CIS I 5510)
KAI 303: Carthage Administration Inscription
KAI 304-305: Tripolitania Punic inscriptions
Cirta
KAI 102-105: Lazare Costa inscriptions
KAI 106-116: El Hofra inscriptions
Neopunic inscriptions
C.I: From Africa (KAI 117-171)
KAI 117: El Amrouni mausoleum
KAI 118-132: Tripolitania Punic inscriptions (RES 662)
KAI 133-135: Bourgade inscriptions
KAI 137: Thinissut sanctuary inscription (RES 942, 1858)
KAI 138: Bur Tlelsa Neopunic inscription
KAI 139: Bordj Helal Neopunic inscription
KAI 141: Jebel Massoudj Neopunic inscription
KAI 142: Henchir Brigitta inscription
KAI 143-144: Henchir Guergour Neopunic inscriptions
KAI 145-158: Maktar and Mididi inscriptions (RES 161-181, 2221)
KAI 159: Altiburus (Henchir Medeina) inscription
KAI 161: Cherchell Neopunic inscriptions
KAI 162-164: Cirta steles
KAI 165: Guelaât Bou Sbaâ Neopunic inscriptions
KAI 166-169: Ain Nechma inscriptions
KAI 170: Djinet Neopunic inscriptions
KAI 171: Zattara Neopunic inscriptions
C.II: From Sardinia (KAI 172-173)
KAI 172: Sant'Antioco bilingual (CIS I 149)
KAI 173: Bithia inscription
D. Moabite and Ammonite inscriptions (KAI 181, 306, 307-308)
KAI 181: Mesha Stele
KAI 306: El-Kerak Inscription
KAI 307: Amman Citadel Inscription
KAI 308: Tel Siran inscription
E. Hebrew inscriptions (KAI 182-200)
KAI 182: Gezer calendar (RES 1201)
KAI 183-188: Samaria Ostraca
KAI 189: Siloam inscription
KAI 190: Ophel ostracon
KAI 191: Shebna inscription
KAI 192-199: Lachish letters
KAI 200: Yavne-Yam ostracon
F. Aramaic inscriptions
F.I: From Syria, Palestine and the Arabian Desert (KAI 201-230, 309-317)
Bureij
KAI 201: Melqart stele
Tell Afis
KAI 202: Stele of Zakkur
Sam'al
KAI 214: Hadad statue — in a distinctive language now known as Samalian.
KAI 215: Panamuwa II inscription
KAI 216-221: Bar-Rakib inscriptions
As-Safira
KAI 222-224: Sefire steles
KAI 227: Starcky Tablet — possibly from As-Safira
Tayma
KAI 228-230: Tayma stones (CIS II 113–115)
Al-Nayrab
KAI 225-226: Neirab Steles — Sin zir Ibni inscription and Si Gabbor stele
Tell Fekheriye
KAI 309: Tell Fekheriye bilingual inscription
Tel Dan
KAI 310: Tel Dan Stele
Samos
KAI 311: Hazael horse frontlet
Deir Alla
KAI 312: Deir Alla Inscription — not generally accepted as Aramaic.
F.II: From Assyria (KAI 231-257)
KAI 231: Tell Halaf inscription
KAI 232: Arslan Tash ivory inscription
KAI 233-236: Assur ostracon and tablets
KAI 237-257: Hatran Aramaic inscriptions
F.III: From Asia Minor (KAI 258-265, 278, 318-319)
KAI 258: Kesecek Köyü inscription
KAI 259: Gözne Boundary Stone
KAI 260: Sardis bilingual inscription
KAI 261: Sarıaydın inscription
KAI 262: Limyra bilingual inscription (CIS II 109)
KAI 263: Assyrian lion weights (CIS II 108)
KAI 264: Arebsun inscription
KAI 265: Farasa bilingual inscription
KAI 318: Daskyleion steles
KAI 319: Letoon trilingual
F.IV: From Egypt (KAI 266-272)
KAI 266: Adon Papyrus
KAI 267: Saqqara Aramaic Stele (CIS II 122)
KAI 268: Serapeum Offering Table (CIS II 123)
KAI 269: Carpentras Stela (CIS II 141)
KAI 270: Dream ostracon (CIS II 137)
KAI 271: Elephantine papyri and ostraca (CIS II 138)
KAI 272: Ankh-Hapy stele (CIS II 142)
F.V: From the outlying areas (KAI 273-276, 279, 320)
KAI 273: Aramaic Inscription of Taxila
KAI 274-275: Lake Sivan Inscriptions
KAI 276: Stele of Serapit
KAI 279: Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription
KAI 320: Bukan inscription
Appendices
Appendix I. Phoenician and Punic inscriptions in Greek script (KAI 174-177)
Appendix II. Latin-Libyan inscriptions (KAI 178-180)
KAI 180: Sirte inscription
References
Bibliography
W. Röllig (1995), Phoenician and the Phoenicians in the context of the Ancient Near East, in S. Moscati (ed.), I Fenici ieri oggi domani : ricerche, scoperte, progetti, Roma, p. 203-214
See also
Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum
Keilschrift Texte aus Ugarit
Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions
Book series introduced in 1960
1966 non-fiction books
Books about the ancient Near East
Canaanite languages
Aramaic languages
Inscriptions
Academic literature
Phoenician inscriptions
Aramaic inscriptions
Hebrew inscriptions
Moabite inscriptions
German books