PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Ketotifen

Ketotifen, sold under the brand name Zaditor among others, is a second-generation noncompetitive H1-antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer. It is most commonly sold as a salt with fumaric acid, ketotifen fumarate, and is available in two forms. In its ophthalmic form, it is used to treat allergic conjunctivitis. In its oral form, it is used to prevent asthma attacks or anaphylaxis, as well as various mast cell, allergic-type disorders.
It was patented in 1970 and came into medical use in 1976. In 2020, it was the 289th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1million prescriptions.
Medical uses
Ketotifen relieves and prevents eye itchiness and/or irritation associated with most seasonal allergies. It starts working within minutes after administering the drops. The drug has not been studied in children under three. The mean elimination half life is 12 hours. Besides its anti-histaminic activity, it is also a functional leukotriene antagonist and a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.
"[O]ral ketotifen has been used in patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, cold-induced urticaria, cholinergic urticaria, exercise-induced urticaria, [systemic mast cell disease including mastocytosis, Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS), allergic and nonallergic anaphylaxis, angioedema], and food allergy in Canada, Europe, and Mexico." Now available via prescription at US compounding pharmacies: "For adults and older children with asthma or allergic disease, the recommended dose of ketotifen is 1 mg twice daily." "FDA staff did recommend more extensive evaluations for management of urticaria."
The drug may also help relieve irritable bowel syndrome.
Side effects
Side effects of systemic (oral) use include drowsiness, weight gain, dry mouth, irritability, and increased nosebleeds.
Pharmacology
Ketotifen is a selective antihistamine – that is, an inverse agonist of the histamine H1 receptor (Ki = 0.166 nM) – and mast cell stabilizer. In addition, ketotifen has weak anticholinergic (Ki = 204 nM for ) and antiserotonergic (Ki = 38.9 nM for 5-HT2A) activity. However, at the dosages in which it is typically used clinically, both the anticholinergic and antiserotonergic activity of ketotifen are said not to be appreciable.
Society and culture
Brand names
Ketotifen is marketed under many brand names worldwide.
References
External links
Benzocycloheptathiophenes
H1 receptor antagonists
Mast cell stabilizers
Novartis brands
Piperidines
Serotonin receptor antagonists
غوستافو ريستريبو

غوستافو ريستريبو هو منافس ألعاب قوى كولومبي، ولد في 27 يوليو 1982 في في كولومبيا.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
رياضيون من إدارة فالي ديل كاوكا
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص كولومبيون في القرن 21
رياضيو المسار والميدان في دورة الألعاب الأمريكية 2007
فائزون بميداليات برونزية في ألعاب أمريكا الوسطى والكاريبي من كولومبيا
فائزون بميداليات برونزية في دورة الألعاب الأمريكية من كولومبيا
فائزون بميداليات في ألعاب أمريكا الوسطى والكاريبي في ألعاب القوى
فائزون بميداليات في دورة الألعاب الأمريكية 2007
فائزون بميداليات في دورة الألعاب الأمريكية في ألعاب قوى المضمار والميدان
متسابقو مشي كولومبيون
منافسون في ألعاب أمريكا الوسطى والكاريبي 2010
مواليد 1982
Deutscher Memorial Prize

Deutscher Memorial Prize
The Isaac and Tamara Deutscher Memorial Prize is an annual prize given in honour of historian Isaac Deutscher and his wife Tamara Deutscher for a new book published in English "which exemplifies the best and most innovative new writing in or about the Marxist tradition." It has been ongoing since 1969.
As of November 2021, members of the Deutscher Jury include Gilbert Achcar, Alex Callinicos, Alejandro Colas, Ben Fine, Rob Knox, Esther Leslie, Alfredo Saad-Filho, Chris Wickham, and Lea Ypi.
Recipients include Jairus Banaji (2011, Theory as History: Essays on Modes of Production and Exploitation), David Harvey (2010, The Enigma of Capital and the Crises of Capitalism), Rick Kuhn (2007, for a biography of Henryk Grossman), Christopher Wickham (2006, for Framing the Early Middle Ages), Francis Wheen (1999, for a biography of Karl Marx), Eric Hobsbawm (1995, for The Age of Extremes), Terry Eagleton (1989, The Ideology of the Aesthetic), Robert Brenner (1985, for The Brenner Debate), and G. A. Cohen (1978, for Karl Marx's Theory of History: A Defence).
Winning authors may contribute to the Deutscher Memorial Lecture series the following year; the lecture, or a text based upon it, is published in a variety of outlets, including Historical Materialism, the New Left Review, International Socialism, and the International Socialist Review.
Recipients
Shortlists for each year can be found on the Deutscher Prize website.
References
External links
The Deutscher Prize website
1969 establishments in the United Kingdom
Awards established in 1969
British literary awards
Marxism
Political book awards
Doctor Ox

Doctor Ox is a collection of short stories by Jules Verne, first published in 1874 by Pierre-Jules Hetzel.
It consists of four varied works by Verne:
"Une fantaisie du Docteur Ox" ("Dr. Ox's Experiment," 1872), illustrated by Lorenz Froelich
"Maître Zacharius" ("Master Zacharius," 1854), illustrated by Théophile Schuler
"Un drame dans les airs" ("A Drama in the Air," 1851), illustrated by Émile-Antoine Bayard
"Un hivernage dans les glaces" ("A Winter Amid the Ice," 1855), illustrated by Adrien Marie and Barbant
The collection also includes a preface by Pierre-Jules Hetzel and a story, "Quarantième ascension au mont Blanc" ("Fortieth Ascent of Mont Blanc"), written by Verne's brother Paul and illustrated by Edmond Yon.
References
External links
(translation by George Makepeace Towle)
1874 books
Short stories by Jules Verne
Science fiction short story collections
Physical optics

Physical optics
In physics, physical optics, or wave optics, is the branch of optics that studies interference, diffraction, polarization, and other phenomena for which the ray approximation of geometric optics is not valid. This usage tends not to include effects such as quantum noise in optical communication, which is studied in the sub-branch of coherence theory.
Principle
Physical optics is also the name of an approximation commonly used in optics, electrical engineering and applied physics. In this context, it is an intermediate method between geometric optics, which ignores wave effects, and full wave electromagnetism, which is a precise theory. The word "physical" means that it is more physical than geometric or ray optics and not that it is an exact physical theory.
This approximation consists of using ray optics to estimate the field on a surface and then integrating that field over the surface to calculate the transmitted or scattered field. This resembles the Born approximation, in that the details of the problem are treated as a perturbation.
In optics, it is a standard way of estimating diffraction effects. In radio, this approximation is used to estimate some effects that resemble optical effects. It models several interference, diffraction and polarization effects but not the dependence of diffraction on polarization. Since this is a high-frequency approximation, it is often more accurate in optics than for radio.
In optics, it typically consists of integrating ray-estimated field over a lens, mirror or aperture to calculate the transmitted or scattered field.
In radar scattering it usually means taking the current that would be found on a tangent plane of similar material as the current at each point on the front, i. e. the geometrically illuminated part, of a scatterer. Current on the shadowed parts is taken as zero. The approximate scattered field is then obtained by an integral over these approximate currents. This is useful for bodies with large smooth convex shapes and for lossy (low-reflection) surfaces.
The ray-optics field or current is generally not accurate near edges or shadow boundaries, unless supplemented by diffraction and creeping wave calculations.
The standard theory of physical optics has some defects in the evaluation of scattered fields, leading to decreased accuracy away from the specular direction. An improved theory introduced in 2004 gives exact solutions to problems involving wave diffraction by conducting scatterers.
See also
Optical physics
Electromagnetic modeling
Fourier optics
History of optics
Negative-index metamaterials
References
External links
Optics
Electrical engineering
Christiaan Huygens
Felix A. Kremer

Felix A. Kremer (October 18, 1872 – January 11, 1940) was an American farmer, lawyer, newspaper publisher, and politician.
Born on a farm in Mount Carroll, Illinois, Kremer received his law degree from Northern Illinois University College of Law. From 1899 to 1916, Kremer practiced law in Madison, Wisconsin. He then moved to Phillips, Wisconsin, where he continued to practice law and owned a farm. Kremer served as district attorney and municipal judge for Price County, Wisconsin. He owned and published The Wisconsin Homestead, an agricultural newspaper. In 1937, Kremer served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Progressive. Kremer died in a hospital in Madison, Wisconsin, in 1940.
References
1872 births
1940 deaths
People from Mount Carroll, Illinois
People from Phillips, Wisconsin
Politicians from Madison, Wisconsin
Northern Illinois University alumni
Wisconsin lawyers
Farmers from Wisconsin
Editors of Wisconsin newspapers
Wisconsin state court judges
Wisconsin Progressives (1924)
20th-century American politicians
Members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Lawyers from Madison, Wisconsin
Peter Goddard (educationalist)

Peter Goddard (educationalist)
Peter Robert Goddard (18 July 1931 – 7 February 2012) was a New Zealand educationalist.
Biography
He spent his childhood in Auckland and received his secondary education at St Peter's College (1943-1949) and his tertiary education at Auckland University where he studied English Literature and Classics. He later obtained the degrees of ED MA (Hons) (Auckland), DipEd (Auckland), DipTch AIE(London).
Goddard taught English at Auckland Grammar School and moved to Thames High School as Head of English. He was appointed the fourth Head of English in 1964 at Mount Albert Grammar School which felt "the influence of his enthusiasm and drive". Goddard published a book entitled A History of the place of grammar in secondary schools from 1920–1967 based on his Dip Ed thesis. He co-authored a book on linguistics and later wrote seven secondary school English textbooks. In 1968 he took up a lectureship in English at the University of Canterbury.
In 1974 he became the foundation Principal of Orewa College. Goddard then held the positions of Inspector of Schools and later the northern regional superintendent of education under the old Education Department. He was the first national Manager for Auckland in the new Ministry of Education from 1989. He retired from that position. Goddard continued as relieving principal at many schools. In retirement he was closely involved with the St Peter's College International Centre.
At various times, Goddard was chairman of the Whangarei Education Development Initiative, Auckland Catholic Integrated Schools Board, and the St Stephen's School Board of Trustees. He was a member of the Auckland College of Education Council and the organiser of the Australasian Education Council Conference. Goddard was active in the Territorial Force where he reached the rank of major.
Death and legacy
Goddard died on 7 February 2012, aged 80. His Requiem Mass at St Patrick's Cathedral on 13 February 2012 was attended by a congregation of 800.
Goddard was a founding member of the Auckland Secondary School Band and Orchestra Festival and served on the committee for over 20 years; the Peter Goddard Memorial Award is awarded annually at the Auckland Secondary School Music Festival (the KBB Music Festival, which endows the award) to "an ensemble whose performance, presentation or behaviour embodies the values that Peter Goddard held" in "recognition of the support given by Peter Goddard during his lifetime to the development of young musicians".
References
1931 births
2012 deaths
20th-century New Zealand educators
New Zealand Roman Catholics
New Zealand schoolteachers
New Zealand public servants
People educated at St Peter's College, Auckland
University of Auckland alumni
Academic staff of the University of Canterbury
Anna Glasier

Anna Glasier
Annabelle "Anna" Frances Glasier OBE, FFSRH, FRCOG FRSE is an English physician in the field of reproductive medicine. Glasier is a world expert on emergency contraception, and her work has been instrumental in making it available in the UK and other countries without medical prescription
Education
In 1973, Glasier graduated from the University of Bristol with a BSc. She then attended the University of Edinburgh graduating with a MBChB in 1976. She specialised in obstetrics and gynaecology, working under the supervision of Allan Templeton. She passed her MD in 1983, qualifying as a doctor. Her thesis was on the hormonal mechanisms underlying lactational infertility.
Career
In 1989, Glasier became a clinical scientist at the Medical Research Council Unit of Reproductive Biology. She held the position of Director of Family Planning and Well Woman Services at NHS Lothian from 1990-2010, and was Lead Clinician for Sexual Health. Her research specialities are reproductive health, and she is globally recognised in the field of emergency contraception, with her work playing an instrumental role in its deregulation.
She has worked with international organisations, including the Population Council in New York, and the World Health Organization, where she chaired the Human Reproduction Programme’s Scientific and Technical Advisory Group from 2004 to 2008.
She is an honorary professor at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (Department of Public Health and Policy) and the Emeritus Professor in the Centre for Reproductive Health at the University of Edinburgh.
Awards and honours
OBE for services to women's health, 2005
Honorary Doctor of Laws from the University of Dundee, 2006
Lifetime achievement award, Society of Family Planning, 2012
Honorary graduate of the University of Aberdeen, 2014
Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 2015
Fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
Personal life
Glasier is the daughter of Phillip Glasier and sister of Jemima Parry-Jones, both noted for their work with birds of prey.
References
External links
Living people
20th-century English medical doctors
English obstetricians
British gynaecologists
British medical researchers
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Alumni of the University of Bristol
Family planning
Fellows of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
Year of birth missing (living people)
(29807) 1999 CR99

(29807) 1999 CR99
1999 سي أر 99 (ويعرف أيضًا باسم (29807) 1999 سي أر 99 وفق تسمية الكوكب الصغير) ؛ هو كويكب ضمن حزام الكويكبات.
اكتُشف هذا الجُرم الفلكي بواسطة بحث لنكولن عن الكويكبات القريبة من الأرض في 10 فبراير 1999، وترتيبه 29807 من حيث الاكتشاف.
الوصف
اكتُشف في 10 فبراير 1999 في مرصد ماغدالينا ريدج، الواقع في مقاطعة سوكورو، نيومكسيكو في الولايات المتحدة، بواسطة مشروع بحث لنكولن عن الكويكبات القريبة من الأرض . وقد رصد المشروع 2,032 مشاهدة للكويكب إلى غاية 5 فبراير 2022 بتوقيت منطقة المحيط الهادئ، أي في مدة قدرها 11,657 يومًا (31.9 عام). تستغرق الفترة المدارية للكويكب 1,660 يومًا (4.5 عام).
الخصائص المدارية
يتميز مدار هذا الكويكب بنصف محور رئيسي يبلغ 2.75 وحدة فلكية، وحضيض قدره 2.57 وحدة فلكية، وانحراف قدره 0.0651 وزاوية ميلان 3.08 درجة بالنسبة لمسار الشمس. بسبب هذه الخصائص، أي نصف المحور الرئيسي بين 2 و3.2 وحدة فلكية وحضيض أكبر من 1,666 وحدة فلكية، يُصنف هذا الجُرم الفلكي وفقًا لقاعدة بيانات مختبر الدفع النفاث لأجرام النظام الشمسي الصغيرة كائنًا من حزام الكويكبات الرئيسي.
الخصائص الفيزيائية
يُقدر القدر المطلق (H) لـ بـ13.91 ووضاءته بـ0.195، مما يمكِّن تقدير قطره بـ 6.288كم. استُخلصت هذه النتائج بفضل ملاحظات مستكشف الأشعة تحت الحمراء عريض المجال (WISE)، وهو مرصد فضائي أمريكي وُضع في المدار في عام 2009 ويراقب السماء بأكملها بالأشعة تحت الحمراء، في عام 2011، نُشرت النتائج الأولى المتعلقة بالكويكبات من الحزام الرئيسي.
انظر أيضًا
قائمة الكواكب الصغيرة
المراجع
وصلات خارجية
أجرام فلكية اكتشفت في 1999
اكتشافات بحث لينكون للكويكبات القريبة من الأرض
حزام الكويكبات
كواكب صغيرة مسماة
النجيلي وأولاد الشيخ

النجيلي وأولاد الشيخ
قرية النجيلي وأولاد الشيخ هي إحدى القرى التابعة لمركز أبو المطامير في محافظة البحيرة في جمهورية مصر العربية. حسب إحصاءات سنة 2006، بلغ إجمالي السكان في النجيلي وأولاد الشيخ 13890 نسمة، منهم 6744 رجل و7146 امرأة.
طالع أيضا
محافظة البحيرة
قائمة قرى محافظة البحيرة
المصادر
قرى أبو المطامير
Garagos, Egypt

Garagos, Egypt
Garagos is a village in Qena Governorate in Egypt, which is famous for "Garagos Pottery".
The older name of the village is Jazirat Qaraqush.
This village is the birthplace of Saint Verena.
History
The village became a center for the development projects of the first Egyptian NGO, the Association of Haute-Égypte (Association of Upper Egypt), founded by Catholic missionaries including the Jesuits Stéphane de Montgolfier (1907–2000), Maurice de Fenoyl (1909–2004), and Philippe Ackermann (1914). The association founded a School in 1947. Later under the leadership of Ackermann the village established a pottery studio and installed its workshops in a Nubian-style domed mud-brick building built by the celebrated architect Hassan Fathy. They also founded a weaving studio for young women, which aimed to provide more opportunities for female development, under the supervision of Folla el-Masri (1919–2003), an Egyptian woman from Asyut. In the 1950s and '60s the village's artisanal workshops attracted French and Swiss tourists who visited nearby Luxor and offered a model for linking tourism to rural development.
References
Cities in ancient Egypt
Populated places in Qena Governorate
أخازير (بالا لاريجان)

أخازير (بالا لاريجان)
أخازیر هي قرية تقع في إيران في قسم بالا لاریجان الريفي. يقدر عدد سكانها بـ 36 نسمة بحسب إحصاء 2016.
انظر أيضاً
قائمة مدن إيران
مراجع
أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة آمل
Naserabad, Alborz

Naserabad, Alborz
Naserabad (also Romanized as Nāṣerābād; also known as Naz̧arābād) is a village in Palangabad Rural District, Palangabad District, Eshtehard County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 78, in 25 families.
References
Populated places in Eshtehard County
Shamsabad-e Chahdegal

Shamsabad-e Chahdegal (also Romanized as Shamsābād-e Chāhdegāl) is a village in Chahdegal Rural District, Negin Kavir District, Fahraj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 161, in 38 families.
References
Populated places in Fahraj County
Hugh Ned Brown

Hugh Ned Brown (July 18, 1919 – December 7, 2011) was a freelance fund-raising consultant.
Biography
Hugh Ned Brown, born on July 18, 1919, graduated from Cedarville, Ohio High School in 1937 and received a B.S. in education from Cedarville College in 1941. He and his wife Marcella, also a school teacher, have one son, David.
Hugh Ned Brown taught in the Blanchester, Ohio Public School District for one term, 1941-1942, before joining the Navy in 1942. He graduated from the Navy School of Music in 1943 and performed in the Navy Band. During that time he was active in public relations and promoting both the unit bands and the Navy Band. In 1943, Mr. Brown did course work at Catholic University of America and at American University.
For the years 1946-1952, Hugh Ned Brown worked in various executive-administrative institutional positions—the Navy School of Music, the Cincinnati College of Music and the University of Dayton. From 1952 to 1954 he worked for American City Bureau, a national fund-raising organization. After doing field campaigning for this top firm until 1954, Brown spent the rest of the decade doing free-lance consulting work while studying extensively at the University of Dayton, Indiana University, Northwestern University, Xavier University and Wittenberg University. His course work was eclectic and reflect his varied interest—music, journalism, hospital administration, economics, and education.
In 1960, Brown returned to teaching in the Kettering (Ohio) City School system, teaching high school social sciences. Brown continued his public relations consultant service as a part-time weekend activity during the school year and covered most of the road and residence services during the summer. Major consulting projects undertaken by Brown include planning the 1971 and 1975 Convention for the Ohio Catholic Educator Association (OCEA), being editor for Hospital Accounting, the official newsletter of the American Association of Hospital Accountants from 1958-1965, and being affiliated with Ketchum, Inc., a top-ranked fund raising firm based in Pittsburgh.
Hugh Ned Brown, even after retirement, continued volunteering his knowledge and experience in fund-raising to nonprofit organizations. His area of expertise lay within the hospital and education fields. He died on December 7, 2011, in Grove City, Florida.
Published work
Notes and references
External links
The Hugh N. Brown papers are available at the Ruth Lilly Special Collections & Archives, IUPUI University Library.
Entry for Hugh Ned Brown available through the Social Networks and Archival Context portal.
1919 births
2011 deaths
Cedarville University alumni
People from Cedarville, Ohio
Educators from Ohio
ضاحية رامانتبورم

ضاحية رامانتبورم
رامانتبورم رمزها «RA» ، هو تقسيم إداري لدولة الهند تتبع ولاية تاميل نادو ، مركزها هو مدينة رامانتبورم عدد سكانها حسب تعداد سنة 2001 هو 1,183,321 ، مساحتها 4,123 كم² وكثافة السكان 287 لكل كم² .
انظر أيضا
قائمة مقاطعات الهند
مراجع
التعداد السكاني للهند
الموقع الرسمي
تأسيسات سنة 1910
تأسيسات سنة 1910 في الهند
مديريات تامل نادو
مقاطعات هندية
István Ilku

István Ilku (6 March 1933 – 17 April 2005) was a Hungarian football goalkeeper who played for Hungary in the 1958 and 1962 FIFA World Cups. He also played for Dorogi FC.
References
External links
FIFA profile
1933 births
2005 deaths
Footballers from Budapest
Hungarian men's footballers
Hungary men's international footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
1958 FIFA World Cup players
1962 FIFA World Cup players
20th-century Hungarian people
1978 Swedish football Division 2

1978 Swedish football Division 2
Statistics of Swedish football Division 2 in season 1978.
League standings
Norra
Södra
References
Sweden - List of final tables (Clas Glenning)
Swedish Football Division 2 seasons
2
Sweden
Sweden
Rachel Wood (soccer)

Rachel Wood (soccer)
Rachel Marie Wood (born May 10, 1990) is an American soccer player. She played as a midfielder for Boston Breakers.
Career
Wood graduated from Aliso Niguel High School in 2007. She played for Icelandic club HK/Víkingur before moving to Boston Breakers on July 11, 2014.
Personal life
She currently is residing in the South End of Boston.
References
External links
Profile at soccerdonna.de
North Carolina profile
UC Irvine profile
1990 births
Living people
National Women's Soccer League players
American women's soccer players
Boston Breakers players
North Carolina Tar Heels women's soccer players
UC Irvine Anteaters women's soccer players
People from South End, Boston
People from Laguna Niguel, California
Soccer players from Orange County, California
Women's association football midfielders
بورصة موسكو

بورصة موسكو أكبر مجموعة لتداول الأوراق المالية في روسيا، تدير الأسواق التجارية في الأسهم والسندات والمشتقات وسوق الصرف الأجنبي وأسواق المال والمعادن الثمينة. تدير مجموعة موسكو للصرافة أيضاً وديعة الأوراق المالية المركزية في روسيا (الوديعة الوطنية للتسوية) وأكبر مزود لخدمات المقاصة في البلاد (المركز الوطني للمقاصة). هذا التبادل ناتج عن اندماج بورصة موسكو بين البنوك والنظام التجاري الروسي في ديسمبر 2011. في أبريل 2018 وقعت بورصة موسكو مذكرة تفاهم مع بورصة شنغهاي للذهب.
انظر أيضًا
مركز موسكو الدولي للأعمال
المراجع
روابط خارجية
الموقع الرسمي
النسخة الإنجليزية
بورصة العقود الآجلة
بورصات آسيا
بورصات روسيا
تأسيسات سنة 2011 في روسيا
شركات أسست في 2011
شركات خدمات مالية أسست في 2011
شركات خدمات مالية في روسيا
شركات مدرجة في بورصة موسكو
شركات مقرها موسكو