Nearby Share

Nearby Share is a functionality developed by Google that allows data to be transferred between devices via Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. It is available on their mobile and desktop operating systems, Android and ChromeOS, as well as Microsoft's Windows. Nearby Share uses Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, WebRTC, UWB, and peer-to-peer Wi-Fi to allow users to share files and links between devices. It was first released on August 4, 2020.
Nearby Share is not to be confused with Microsoft's similarly-named "nearby sharing" feature, which is only available for PCs running Windows 10 or later and uses Microsoft's own proprietary protocol.
History
Before Nearby Share, Google launched Android Beam in 2011. By 2017, ComputerWorld included Android Beam in a list of "once-trumpeted features that quietly faded away", observing that "despite the admirable marketing effort, Beam never quite worked particularly well, and numerous other systems for sharing stuff proved to be simpler and more reliable."
Nearby Share was officially released for devices running Android Marshmallow and later on August 4, 2020. The program worked much like Apple's AirDrop, allowing users to select "Nearby Share" on the share menu and then to wait for a nearby phone to appear.
In June 2021 with the rollout of ChromeOS 91, Nearby Share was released for ChromeOS with the same features and options as the Android version. During CES 2022, Google announced Nearby Share for Windows. On March 31, 2023, the beta version of the Nearby Share App was released for Windows PCs allowing cross-platform file transfers.
Usage
On Android and ChromeOS, Nearby Share is enabled by going to Connected Devices > Connection preferences > Nearby Share (or Google > Devices & sharing > Nearby Share) in the settings app and enabling "Use Nearby Share." On Windows, Nearby Share is downloaded from android.com. Once the setup program is done installing Nearby Share, or from the Nearby Share settings menu Android, the user will be able to choose who is able to see their device. The available options are:
Everyone
Contacts
Your devices
Hidden
When sharing a file via Nearby Share, the user will be presented with a list of available devices to share with. Choosing a device from the list sends a prompt to the recipient that requires them to confirm the transfer. When sharing amongst devices linked to the same Google Account, it is not required to wake the receiving devices or confirm the file transmission.
Nearby Share allows for the sharing of files and links, such as images, videos, text, contact info, directions, YouTube videos, and other data. It uses Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, WebRTC, and peer-to-peer Wi-Fi to share content. It can be configured to only share content offline, restricting it to Bluetooth only operation.
Availability
Nearby Share is available on Android 6 and later, ChromeOS 91 and later, and Windows 10 and later. On Windows, Nearby Share must be installed manually, as opposed to its implementation on Android and ChromeOS, where it is a part of the operating system and does not need to be installed separately. Windows devices must have both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi to be able to run Nearby Share. Windows on ARM devices are not supported.
See also
AirDrop, a similar protocol for iOS
Quick Share, a similar sharing functionality by Samsung for Android
Briar, an independent copyleft app for Android
SHAREit, a P2P file sharing platform
Wi-Fi Direct, a similar technology
Zapya, a free proprietary file transfer over Wi-Fi app
References
Android (operating system)
Google Chrome
File transfer protocols
Bluetooth