PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Joel Berti

Joel Berti (born December 17, 1971) is an American actor, acting coach and photographer. He is best known for his role as William Chandler on MyNetworkTV telenovela, Fashion House. He is the brother of Chiara Jude Berti, born in New York City, New York in 1977, who appeared on Season 3 of Big Brother, for which she created some dramatic content. In 2015, Joel was Lady Gaga's acting coach for American Horror Story: Hotel, where she went on to win the 2016 Golden Globe for best performance in a limited series.
Filmography
Beer Friday (2007) (V) .... Kyle
Fashion House (15 episodes, 2006) .... William Chandler
Fish Without a Bicycle (2003) .... Aaron
Jack Woody (2003) .... Blain
Friends (1 episode, 2002) .... Guy in Coffee Shop
Inside the Osmonds (2001) (TV) .... Alan Osmond
Touched by an Angel (1 episode, 2000) .... Zach
Pensacola: Wings of Gold (1 episode, 2000) .... Capt. Joseph 'Ski' Zabronski
Pacific Blue (2 episodes, 1997–2000) .... Donny Lynch
Martial Law (1 episode, 1999) .... Patrick
Rude Awakening (1 episode, 1999) .... Brian
Michael Landon, the Father I Knew (1999) (TV) .... Michael Landon Jr.
Silk Stalkings (1 episode, 1997) .... Mark Stavros
USA High (1 episode, 1997) .... Paul Ember
Social Studies (1997) TV series (unknown episodes) ....
Saved by the Bell: Wedding in Las Vegas (1994) (TV) .... Red Team Guy #2
Search and Rescue (1994) (TV) ....
External links
Living people
1971 births
21st-century American male actors
20th-century American male actors
أنس دبور

أنس دبور (مواليد 29 أبريل 1991) لاعب كرة قدم عربي إسرائيلي يجيد اللعب في مركز الوسط مع نادي مكابي أخاء الناصرة. وأخيه هو مؤنس لاعب غراسهوبر السويسري.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية إسرائيليون
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من الناصرة
عرب 48
لاعبو الدوري الإسرائيلي لكرة القدم الدرجة الأولى
لاعبو كرة قدم إسرائيليون
لاعبو كرة قدم عرب إسرائيليون
لاعبو كرة قدم فلسطينيون
لاعبو كرة قدم من الناصرة
لاعبو مكابي أخاء الناصرة
لاعبو مكابي نتانيا
لاعبو هبوعيل حيفا
مسلمون إسرائيليون
مواليد 1411 هـ
مواليد 1991
مواليد في الناصرة
الظاهر (نخل)

الظاهر (نخل)
الظاهر منطقة سكنية تقع في ولاية نخل، التابعة لمحافظة جنوب الباطنة في سلطنة عمان. يقدر عدد سكانها بـ 5 نسمة حسب إحصاء عام 2010 التابع للمركز الوطني للإحصاء والمعلومات الحكومي. رمز المنطقة هو 70330282.
مراجع
انظر أيضاً
قائمة مدن سلطنة عمان
الوصلات الخارجية
المركز الوطني للإحصاء والمعلومات، سلطنة عمان
أماكن مأهولة في ولاية نخل
جديسلاف نواك

جديسلاف نواك هو لاعب هوكي الجليد بولندي، ولد في 25 فبراير 1928، وتوفي في 25 نوفمبر 2000.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
رياضيون من أوبولي
لاعبو هوكي جليد أولمبيون في بولندا
لاعبو هوكي جليد في الألعاب الأولمبية الشتوية 1956
لاعبو وسط هوكي جليد
لاعبو وسط هوكي جليد بولنديون
مواليد 1928
وفيات 2000
Dave Noble

Dave Noble
David Gordon Noble (July 29, 1900 – January 24, 1983), nicknamed "Big Moose", was an American football running back. He played college football for the University of Nebraska, where he scored the first touchdown in Memorial Stadium history. After his college years, Noble played three seasons in the National Football League (NFL) and one in the American Football League (AFL), and was voted to the NFL All-Pro team in 1925.
Career
College
Born in Omaha, Nebraska, Noble attended the University of Wisconsin, but he spent most of his college career with the University of Nebraska. Playing for the Cornhuskers from 1921–1923, he helped the team win three consecutive Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) championships. Two of Noble's most notable college performances came in 1923. On October 13, the Cornhuskers opened Memorial Stadium with a game against the University of Oklahoma Sooners. In the second half, Noble scored the first touchdown in the new stadium, the first of two touchdowns by him in a 24–0 Nebraska win. Later in the season, Noble scored two touchdowns in a 14–7 Cornhuskers victory over Knute Rockne's University of Notre Dame team. Noble ran 24 yards for a touchdown in the first half, and caught a 20-yard touchdown pass in the fourth quarter. It was the Fighting Irish's only loss of the 1923 season. Noble was named to the 1923 All-MVC team. He was also a member of Nebraska's track team, running in sprints.
Professional
After turning pro, Noble signed with the NFL's Cleveland Bulldogs for 1924. On October 12, he scored his first NFL touchdown in a Bulldogs win against the Akron Pros. Playing in all nine of the team's games, and starting in eight, he totalled four rushing and two receiving touchdowns, helping the 7–1–1 Bulldogs win the NFL championship. For his performance, Noble was named to the All-NFL second-team after the season. In 1925, Noble earned NFL All-Pro honors after recording three rushing and three receiving touchdowns during the season; he started all but one game in Cleveland's 5–8–1 season.
The following year, Noble stayed in Cleveland but changed teams, playing for the Cleveland Panthers of the new AFL. In
five games, Noble helped the Panthers finish with a final record of 3–2 and was tied for second in the league in rushing touchdowns with four, despite his team's limited schedule. He also caught one touchdown pass. It would prove to be Noble's final professional season.
Post-retirement
Following his playing career, Noble became an official and worked for the Big Ten Conference. In later years, he became an executive for an insurance company. In 1972, Noble was inducted into the Nebraska Football Hall of Fame. He suffered a stroke on January 24, 1983, and died at the age of 82.
References
1900 births
1983 deaths
American football running backs
American male sprinters
Cleveland Bulldogs players
Cleveland Panthers players
Nebraska Cornhuskers football players
Players of American football from Omaha, Nebraska
Wisconsin Badgers football players
دونالد كاميرون (سياسي)

دونالد كاميرون (سياسي)
دونالد كاميرون هو سياسي نيوزلندي، ولد في 12 مايو 1877 بدنيدن في نيوزيلندا، وتوفي في 8 أكتوبر 1962. حزبياً، نشط في .
مراجع
أصحاب أعمال نيوزيلنديون
عمدات دنيدن
مواليد 1877
ميثوديون نيوزيلنديون
وفيات 1962
مقاطعة بابابي

مقاطعة بابابي هي واحدة من خمس مقاطعات ولاية براكنة في موريتانيا.
التاريخ
قائمة البلديات في المقاطعة
تتكون المقاطعة من ثلاث بلديات :
هايريامبار
بابابي
الفرع
السكان
في عام 2000، كان مجموع سكان المقاطعة 33672 نسمة (16139 رجلاً و 17533 امرأة).
المراجع
مقاطعات موريتانيا
ولاية البراكنة
Pici (taxon)

Pici (taxon)
Pici is one of the two suborders of the order Piciformes. It includes two infraorders, Ramphastides (toucans and barbets) and Picides (honeyguides and woodpeckers). Members of this suborder have been called "true piciforms", as the jacamars of Galbulidae and puffbirds of Bucconidae (of the other piciform suborder Galbuli) were for a time thought to be not closely related to toucans and woodpeckers, but instead to the order Coraciiformes. However, analysis of nuclear DNA confirmed that Galbuli and Pici are sister groups, and thus their similarities such as zygodactyl feet were inherited from their common ancestor. Some classifications continue to treat Galbuli as a separate order (Galbuliformes), in which case Piciformes becomes equivalent in scope to Pici.
References
External links
Tree of Life Piciformes
Extant Rupelian first appearances
قموعة

قموعة
قَمُّوعَة ، جنس مرجان منقرض من المرجانيات المجعدة من العصر الديفوني الأوسط.
المراجع
أحفوريات من العصر الديفوني
افران إسماعيلوف

افران إسماعيلوف (8 أكتوبر 1988 بباكو في أذربيجان - ) هو لاعب كرة قدم أذربيجاني في مركز الوسط. شارك مع منتخب أذربيجان تحت 21 سنة لكرة القدم ومنتخب أذربيجان لكرة القدم. أما مع النوادي، فقد لعب مع نادي إنتر باكو ونادي باكو ونادي خزر لنكران ونادي قره باغ و.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية أذربيجانيون
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون من باكو
لاعبو دوري أذربيجان الممتاز
لاعبو كرة قدم أذربيجانيون
لاعبو منتخب أذربيجان لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي إنتر باكو
لاعبو نادي باكو
لاعبو نادي خزر لنكران
لاعبو نادي قره باغ
لاعبو نادي كاباز
مواليد 1409 هـ
مواليد 1988
لاعبو كرة قدم من باكو
زليقة

زليقة
الزُلَّيْقَة أو الزُّلَّيْقُ أو الرحيقاني أو الخوخ الأملس أو النكتارين هو مجموعة متنوعة من الدراق (Prunus persica) الناتجة عن طفرة طبيعية. يتميز بغياب الزغب على الجلد وهو ناعم ولامع ونواة حرة. هناك زليقات بيضاء وصفراء ودَمِيَّة اللون وكذلك أصناف مسطحة.
الشكل الخارجي
يكون جلد الزليق إما أبيض أو أصفر أو برتقالي أو دمي اللون (اعتمادًا على الصنف) ويمكن فصله بسهولة عن النواة: إنه عبارة عن حسلة ذات نواة حرة.
يرجع غياب شعر النكتارين إلى غياب قاعدة L1 من ، بعد طفرة طبيعية.
الأصل
ربما يكون موطن الزليق هو الصين، مثل الدراق.
في عام 1630، زُرعت ستة أنواع من الزليق في إنجلترا. أدخلها الإسبان إلى الولايات المتحدة في عام 1722 وتضاعفت إلى درجة اعتقد علماء النبات أنها من الأنواع المحلية. ستنتشر ثقافتها بشكل خاص في كاليفورنيا، حيث يوجد أكثر من 150 نوعًا تم الحصول عليها عن طريق التهجين والاصطفاء. الولايات المتحدة هي الآن أكبر منتج في العالم لكل من الخوخ والزليق. عادت هذه الفاكهة إلى الموضة في أوروبا بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية.
القيمة الغذائية
يحتوي الزليق على نسبة عالية من مضادات الأكسدة وفيتامين أ وفيتامين ج وبيتا كاروتين والبوتاسيوم.
ملاحظات
مراجع
دراق
خوخ (جنس)
Siege of Córdoba (1236)

Siege of Córdoba (1236)
During the reconquista, the siege of Córdoba (1236) was a successful investment by the forces of Ferdinand III, king of Castile and León, marking the end of the Islamic rule over the city that had begun in 711.
In capturing the city, Ferdinand certainly benefited from the rivalry between the two main competing taifa rulers following the dissolution of the Almohad authority, itself triggered by the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa. The siege however began in unusual circumstances, with little preparation.
Upon receiving information that part of the inhabitants of the eastern quarter of Cordoba—called Ajarquia—were disaffected with their rulers, a handful of almogávars led by knights acting on their own initiative scaled a tower during a rainy winter night of 1235–1236, and after meeting their contacts inside, they eventually seized control of the neighborhood. The almogávars, some of whom spoke Arabic, were most likely employed as Castilian border guards in the Andújar region, because this is where they assembled before mounting their daring operation. The whole episode has been subject to varying interpretations. The Primera Crónica General highlighted the heroic act of the leading knights, while later Spanish historian Julio González emphasized that help from within city walls must have been a significant factor in the success of this takeover, for it met with little opposition in Ajarquia. After the city fell to Ferdinand, a tower and nearby gate in Ajarquia were named after Alvaro Colodro, a knight who the chronicles record as having led the climb. The precise date of this coup de main is also a bit unclear; it is most likely it happened in last week of 1235.
The Christian soldiers certainly killed a number of the Muslim inhabitants of Ajarquia, and some survivors took refuge in the better-off Al Medina quarter, the sociopolitical center of the city. Because an inner wall separated the two quarters, a bloody standoff followed, with significant losses on both sides, but with neither being able to make significant progress. The Christians however immediately sent word to neighboring border forces, most notably those of Álvaro Pérez de Castro, who reinforced them, and they also asked king Ferdinand for help.
What is more certain is that the event took Ferdinand by surprise, as he had concluded a truce with Ibn Hud. Throwing caution to the wind, Ferdinand rode with a small band of knights to, no more than 100, although they may have been as few as 30 at one point. He arrived at Córdoba on February 7, 1236, after traveling through rainstorms and a flooded country.
References
Conflicts in 1236
Battles of the Reconquista
History of Córdoba, Spain
Cordoba 1236
Cordoba 1236
1236 in Europe
13th century in al-Andalus
13th century in Castile
روي فوكمان

روي فوكمان (بالعبرية: רועי פולקמן، من مواليد 5 أغسطس 1975) سياسي إسرائيلي ويعمل حاليا كعضو في الكنيست عن حزب كلونو.
المراجع
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من تل أبيب
أعضاء الكنيست العشرون (2015–)
إسرائيليون من أصل يهودي مجري
خريجو الجامعة العبرية في القدس
خريجو كلية كينيدي بجامعة هارفارد
مواليد 1975
مواليد في تل أبيب
يهود إسرائيليون
Maqueda

Maqueda is a Spanish town located 80 kilometers from Madrid and 45 kilometers from Toledo. Located within the autonomous community Castilla-La Mancha and the province of Toledo, Maqueda is located in the comarca of Torrijos. The town is best known for its remarkably well-preserved castle, the Castillo de la Vela.
Etymology
The name "Maqueda" comes from the root mkd and the Arabic term Maqqada, which means "stable", "firm", or "solid". Other experts believe that the name derives from the root kyd and the Arabic term Makîda, which means "strategically located" or "strong plaza".
The castillo de la vela
The castillo de la vela, also known as the castillo de Maqueda is located on the outskirts of town. Originally of Moorish design, the castle was rebuilt and expanded during the 15th century. It was eventually appropriated by the state, which established a Guardia Civil post within the castle and provided for its future conservation.
The castle is rectangular in shape and sits on two distinct elevations. The castle's protections include 3.5-meter-thick walls, moats on two sides, and a number of circular towers. The exterior of the castle is free to visit, though visitors are not permitted to enter the castle proper.
The castle was declared an artistic historical monument on 3 June 1931.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Toledo
Towns in Spain
Anas Mahamid

Anas Mahamid (born 26 April 1998) is an Israeli footballer who plays as a centre-forward.
Club career
Youth career
Born in 1998, Mahamid played football in several youth team including Maccabi Umm al-Fahm, Maccabi Barkai and Beitar Tubruk. He finally joined Hapoel Tel Aviv youth team.
Hapoel Tel Aviv
In 2015, Mahamid was called up for Hapoel Tel Aviv first team. On 30 August 2015, Mahamid made his professional league debut in Israeli Premier League against Hapoel Ironi Kiryat Shmona at Bloomfield Stadium, replacing Liviu Antal at the 72nd minute by coach Eli Cohen. Mahamid has played 17 games (including a game in Israel State Cup and Toto Cup) since August 2015.
Hapoel Ironi Kiryat Shmona
On 1 February 2017 signed to Hapoel Ironi Kiryat Shmona for 4.5 years.
References
1998 births
Footballers from Umm al-Fahm
Living people
Israeli men's footballers
Arab-Israeli footballers
Arab citizens of Israel
Men's association football forwards
Israel men's youth international footballers
Hapoel Tel Aviv F.C. players
Hapoel Ironi Kiryat Shmona F.C. players
Hapoel Katamon Jerusalem F.C. players
Hapoel Acre F.C. players
Beitar Tel Aviv Bat Yam F.C. players
FC Winterthur players
Hapoel Umm al-Fahm F.C. players
Israeli Premier League players
Liga Leumit players
Swiss Challenge League players
Israeli expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Switzerland
Israeli expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Ludwig Philipp

Ludwig Philipp (20 December 1889 – 4 January 1964) was a German international footballer and later manager.
References
1889 births
1964 deaths
Men's association football midfielders
German men's footballers
Germany men's international footballers
1. FC Nürnberg players
German football managers
SpVgg Greuther Fürth managers
أبو علي الطبري

أبو علي الطبري
أبو علي الحسن بن القاسم الطبري الشهير بـ أبو علي الطبري، (المتوفي 350 هـ - 961م)، فقيه من فقهاء الشافعية، فإذا أُطلِق الشيخ أبي علي عند الشافعية فإنهم يعنون أبا علي الطبري، يُنسب إلي طبرستان، درس ببغداد علي يد شيخه أبي علي بن أبي هريرة، وصنف «المحرر في النظر»، و «الإفصاح» و«المحرر» و«العدة» في المذهب، كتب في الأصول، وألف في الجدل، وهو أول كتاب صنف في الخلاف المجرد، وعلق عن أبي علي بن أبي هريرة، وهي التعليقة التي تنسب إلى أبي علي، وتوفي كهلًا سنة 350 هـ.
انظر أيضًا
ابن أبي هريرة
أبو سليمان الخطابي
مراجع
أشخاص من آمل
شافعية
علماء دين سنة
وفيات 350 هـ
وفيات 961
يو إف سي ليلة القتال: ماتشيدا ضد موساوي

يو إف سي ليلة القتال: ماتشيدا ضد موساوي هو حدث لفنون القتال المختلطة نظمته يو إف سي، أُقيم في 15 فبراير 2014، على أرينا جاراجوا في خاراغوا دو سول، البرازيل.
انظر أيضًا
قائمة أحداث يو إف سي
يو إف سي في 2014
المراجع
فنون القتال المختلطة في 2014
رياضة برازيلية في 2014
فنون القتال المختلطة في البرازيل
يو إف سي فايت نايت
جيمس ليفين

جيمس ليفين (و. ) هو طبيب، وطبيب نفسي ألماني، ولد في برلين، توفي في تشيليابنسك، عن عمر يناهز 50 عاماً.
مراجع
أطباء نفسيون ألمان
ألمان أعدموا من قبل الاتحاد السوفيتي
ألمان مغتربون في الاتحاد السوفيتي
ألمان مغتربون في روسيا
مواليد 1887
وفيات 1937
يهود أعدموا في الاتحاد السوفيتي
يهود ألمان
Ghada Abdel Razek

Ghada Abdel Razek
Ghada Mohammed Abdel Razek (born 1970) is an Egyptian actress, she began her career in 1997. She acted in many TV series and movies, and won many awards.
Early life
Abdel Razek was born in Kafr Saqr, Sharqia Governorate in 1970. She is the youngest of her two siblings. She has lived for six years in Yemen.
Career
She began her career as a model for advertisements. Her first acting role was in the TV series The thief I love in 1997. Her most famous TV roles were in Hajj Metwali's family in 2001, Mahmood Almasri in 2003, Sons of the night in 2007, Albateneya in 2009, Zahra and her five husbands in 2010, Samara in 2011, With premeditation in 2012, Life story in 2013, The First Lady in 2014, The Nightmare in 2015, Alkhanka in 2016, Land air in 2017, and Against unknown in 2018.
She won the best actress award in Alexandria International Film Festival for her role in Hena maysara. She won the Murex d'Or award as best Egyptian actress in 2013. She also won the Dear Guest award from Dear Guest magazine as best actress in 2018. She also become a judge for the reality competition television show Arab Casting with Kosai Khauli and Carmen Lebbos.
Personal life
Ghada Abdel Razek was married and divorced multiple times. Her first marriage to Saudi businessman Adel Gazzaz took place when she was only seventeen years old; they divorced in 1994. Her second marriage was to a businessman from Port Said; they divorced shortly afterwards because of their age difference. Her third marriage was to Helmy Sarhan in 2001; they divorced one year later. Her fourth marriage was to producer Walid Al Tabaeyi; they divorced in 2009. Her fifth marriage was to journalist Mohamed Foda in 2011; they divorced in 2015. She has one daughter, Rotana Gazzaz, from her first husband, and she has two granddaughters. Ghada Abdel Razek is known as one of the biggest celebrities who support Egyptian president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. On 7 May 2020, Abdel Razek announced that she married the cinematography director Haitham Zenita.
Works
TV series
Radio Series
Movies
Stage
TV shows
References
External links
Ghada Abdel Razek in IMDb
1970 births
Living people
20th-century Egyptian actresses
21st-century Egyptian actresses
Egyptian stage actresses
Egyptian film actresses
Egyptian television actresses
People from Sharqia Governorate
Egyptian Muslims
Sony Xperia ZR

Sony Xperia ZR
The Sony Xperia ZR (models C5502 and C5503 for LTE support), also known as Sony Dogo, is a touchscreen-enabled, HD Android flagship smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Sony Mobile.
The smartphone was announced by Sony at CES 2013 and was released on 17 May 2013 in Japan. The Xperia ZR was initially shipped with Android 4.1.2 (Jelly Bean) and has eventually been updated to Android 5.1.1 (Lollipop). The smartphone has Ingress Protection Ratings of IP55 and IP58, making it dust protected, low pressure water jet protected, and waterproof. Sony's internal test showed that there is no water intrusion after testing Xperia ZR in 1.5-metre of water for 30 minutes. Xperia ZR also features a 13 MP IMX135 Exmor RS camera sensor as well as an HD (720 x 1280 pixels) display, encompassed in Sony's Industrial 'Omni-Balance' Design.
The Xperia ZR was received positively in Japan where it is marketed as Sony Xperia A (SO-04E). In September 2013 carrier NTT DoCoMo released a limited edition of the A called "Xperia feat. Hatsune Miku."
See also
Sony Xperia Z series
References
External links
Android (operating system) devices
Mobile phones introduced in 2013
Discontinued smartphones
Sony smartphones
برستون تاكر

برستون تاكر هو مهندس ورائد أعمال أمريكي، ولد في 21 سبتمبر 1903 في ميشيغان في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 26 ديسمبر 1956 في يبسيلانتي في الولايات المتحدة بسبب ذات الرئة.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أشخاص من مقاطعة سانت كلير (ميتشيغان)
أصحاب أعمال أمريكيون في القرن 20
أصحاب أعمال في مجال صناعة السيارات
تأسيسات سنة 1948 في الولايات المتحدة
رواد السيارات
مصممو سيارات أمريكيون
مهندسو سيارات أمريكيون
مهندسون عسكريون أمريكيون
مواليد 1903
وفيات 1956
وفيات السرطان في ميشيغان
وفيات بسبب سرطان الرئة
راديو جبل لبنان

راديو جبل لبنان
إذاعة راديو جبل لبنان هي إذاعة لبنانية تبث باللغة الأجنبية من بيروت. تشتهر باسم (RML Radio du Mont Liban). تأسست عام 1979 م. تبث الأغاني والموسيقى الأجنبية.
موجاتها
تبث الإذاعة على الموجات التالية:
لمنطقة بيروت وكل لبنان على الموجة 99.1
راديو اغاني للموجة 98.9
المراجع
إذاعات لبنان
Ed Lowe (businessman)

Ed Lowe (businessman)
Edward Lowe (July 10, 1920 – October 4, 1995) was an American businessman and entrepreneur, noted for the invention of cat litter. The Small Business School described him as "building a huge business from nothing", and cites him as a textbook example of an individual who "created a product, brought it to marketplace, invented an industry and sold his business for millions". By the time of his death, his company was worth about five hundred million dollars (or $ million today, adjusted for inflation).
Background
Edward Lowe was born on July 10, 1920, in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to Lulu and Henry E. Lowe. His family moved to Cassopolis, Michigan, where he attended high school at Cassopolis High School. He had four children and six grandchildren. He served in the US Navy in World War II.
Invention of cat litter
Before Lowe's invention, people kept their cats outside, using ashes, dirt or sand as cat litter when it was necessary to keep them inside. One day in January 1947, Mrs. Draper, Edward Lowe's neighbor in Cassopolis, Michigan, asked him for some sand to use as cat litter. Her sand pile was frozen so she had been using ashes but they tracked all over her house. Instead of sand, Lowe gave her some clay called Fuller's Earth, a set of clay minerals capable of absorbing their weight in water. She found it worked far better than sand or ashes. In later years he worked on developing a litter product for chimpanzee waste with Jane Goodall, but was unable to develop a successful product.
Career
In 1947, Lowe decided to sell the clay. He packaged it in bags and called it "Kitty Litter". He suggested that a local pet store sell it for 65 cents (or $ today). The store owner refused, saying that it would not sell because sand was so much cheaper. Lowe told him to give it away free until people were willing to pay for it. Kitty Litter was a success. Lowe drove around the country selling Kitty Litter. He even cleaned boxes at cat shows so he could get a booth to demonstrate his product. He founded Edward Lowe Industries and created Tidy Cat cat box filler in 1964. In the early 1980s, he almost lost his market to Clorox, but by 1990, Edward Lowe Industries was the top producer of cat box filler.
In Lowe's later years, he decided the best way for his business to continue after his death was to hand the running over to a management team funded by venture capitalists from New York and Chicago. The sale went through in 1990, with the company being renamed the Golden Cat Corporation; Lowe remained as an equity holder and director. The sale was later estimated by The New York Times as being $200 million (or $ million today). Following his death, Golden Cat Corporation was sold to Ralston Purina.
References
External links
The Edward Lowe Foundation
1920 births
1995 deaths
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Businesspeople from Saint Paul, Minnesota
People from Cassopolis, Michigan
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American inventors