Phaneropterinae

Phaneropterinae
The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae. Nearly 2,060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known. They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids.
The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera (type species P. falcata), meaning "visible wing"; this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous.
Description
The legs of individuals in this subfamily vary from genus to genus, but, as in nearly all Orthoptera, the posterior (rear) legs are adapted to leaping, and as such are always much longer than other legs. Phaneropterinae are generally well-camouflaged with green and brown colors being most prevalent, but there are exceptions including certain Aganacris and Scaphura that are Batesian mimics of wasps.
The Phaneropterinae are largely arboreal in habitat. The vast majority of species live in shrubs and trees, feeding on leaves and twigs. Some species might potentially cause significant damage, though usually superficial, when present in large numbers, but this is rare; they usually are solitary, unlike meadow grasshoppers, so much so that they seldom come to human notice.
The ovipositor and male genitalia vary according to the genus. The Phaneropterinae differ from other subfamilies of Tettigoniidae (and other Orthoptera) in their oviposition; their eggs are rarely deposited in the earth, but are either glued in double rows to twigs, or are inserted in the edges of leaves.
Taxonomy
The subfamily Phaneropterinae was first erected in 1838 by German zoologist Hermann Burmeister. , Orthoptera Species File lists the following tribes, subtribes, genus groups, and genera.
Acrometopini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Europe, the Middle East, Africa
Acrometopa Fieber, 1853
Altihoratosphaga Hemp, Voje, Heller & Hemp, 2010
Conchotopoda Karsch, 1887
Horatosphaga Schaum, 1853
Lamecosoma Ragge, 1960
Peronura Karsch, 1889
Peronurella Hemp, 2017
Prosphaga Ragge, 1960
Tenerasphaga Hemp, 2017
Amblycoryphini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Africa
Barbitistini
Auth.: Jacobson, 1905 – Europe to central Asia
Catoptropterigini
Auth.: Massa, 2016 – Africa
Catoptropteryx Karsch, 1890
Griffinipteryx Massa, 2016
Ducetiini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, India, China, Indochina to Australia
Abaxisotima Gorochov, 2005
Agnapha Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891
Ducetia Stål, 1874
Kuwayamaea Matsumura & Shiraki, 1908
Noia Walker, 1870
Paraducetia Gorochov & Kang, 2002
Paragnapha Willemse, 1923
Prohimerta Hebard, 1922
Shirakisotima Furukawa, 1963
Subibulbistridulous Shi, 2002
Dysoniini
Auth.: Rehn, 1950 – tropical Americas
Ectemnini
Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – tropical Americas
Ectemna Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Euthyrrhachis Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Elimaeini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 – Asia
Ectadia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Elimaea Stål, 1874
Hemielimaea Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Orthelimaea Karny, 1926
Holochlorini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Asia-Pacific
Insarini
Auth.: Rehn, & Hebard, 1914 – tropical & subtropical Americas
Arethaea Stål, 1876
Brachyinsara Rehn & Hebard, 1914
Insara Walker, 1869
Psilinsara Hebard, 1932
Kevaniellini
Auth.: Massa, 2017 – eastern Africa
Kevaniella Chopard, 1954
Letanini
Auth.: Hebard, 1922 – Asia
Himertula Uvarov, 1940
Letana Walker, 1869
Microcentrini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas
Mirolliini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Asia
Amirollia Ingrisch, 2011
Deflorita Bolívar, 1906
Hemimirollia Ingrisch, 2011
Hueikaeana Ingrisch, 1998
Mirollia Stål, 1873
Morgeniini
Auth.: Karsch, 1890 - central and western Africa
Mangomaloba Sjöstedt, 1902
Morgenia Karsch, 1890
Odonturini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Iberian peninsula, Africa, Pacific islands
Otiaphysini
Auth.: Karsch, 1889 - Africa
Debrona Walker, 1870
Drepanophyllum Karsch, 1890
Stenamblyphyllum Karsch, 1896
Tetraconcha Karsch, 1890
Pardalotini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 - Africa
Pardalota Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Poecilogramma Karsch, 1887
Percynini
Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – South America
Percyna Grant, 1964
Sictuna Walker, 1869
Phaneropterini
Auth.: Burmeister, 1838 – distributed worldwide
Phlaurocentrini
Auth.: Karsch, 1889 – Africa
Buettneria Karsch, 1889
Leiodontocercus Chopard, 1954
Phlaurocentrum Karsch, 1889
Phyllopterini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Plagiopleurini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America
Diplophyllus Saussure, 1859
Parableta Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Plagiopleura Stål, 1873
Plangiopsidini
Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa
Plangiola Bolívar, 1906
Plangiopsis Karsch, 1889
Poreuomenini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa
Cestromoecha Karsch, 1893
Paraporeuomena Massa, 2018
Poreuomena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Preussiini
Auth.: Karsch, 1890 – Africa
Enochletica Karsch, 1896
Preussia Karsch, 1890
Weissenbornia Karsch, 1888
Pycnopalpini
Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2014 – Central and South America
Scudderiini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas
Steirodontini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – subtropical and tropical parts of the Americas
Cnemidophyllum Rehn, 1917
Emsleyfolium Cadena-Castañeda, Mendes & Alves-Oliveira, 2016
Nicklephyllum Cadena-Castañeda, 2016
Steirodon Serville, 1831
Stilpnochlora Stål, 1873
Terpnistrini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Sri Lanka
Diogena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
Gelotopoia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891
Terpnistria Stål, 1873
Terpnistrioides Ragge, 1980
Tropidophrys Karsch, 1896
Trigonocoryphini
Auth.: Bei-Bienko, 1954 – Middle East, India, Malaysia
Cosmozoma Karsch, 1889
Megotoessa Karsch, 1889
Trigonocorypha Stål, 1873
Tylopsidini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Europe, Middle East, western Asia
Tylopsis Fieber, 1853
Vossiini
Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa, Asia
Zeuneriini
Auth.: Karsh, 1890 - tropical Africa
Gravenreuthia Karsch, 1892
Zeuneria Karsch, 1889
Genus groups
Subtribe Trachyzulphina Gorochov, 2014 – China, Indochina, Malesia
Trachyzulpha Dohrn, 1892
Genus groups include:
Incertae sedis
These genera have not been placed in a tribe:
References
External links
Orthoptera subfamilies