PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Samuel Buss

Samuel Buss
Samuel R. (Sam) Buss is an American computer scientist and mathematician who has made major contributions to the fields of mathematical logic, complexity theory and proof complexity. He is currently a professor at the University of California, San Diego, Department of Computer Science and Department of Mathematics.
Biography
Buss received his bachelor's degree in 1979 from the Emory University, and his master's degree and Ph.D. from Princeton University, respectively in 1983 and 1985. He joined the University of California, Berkeley, mathematics department in 1986 as a Lecturer, and stayed there until 1988. Buss joined the faculty of University of California, San Diego, Computer Science and Mathematics Departments in 1988 as an assistant professor, where he was promoted to Professor in 1993.
In 2019, Buss gave the Gödel Lecture titled Totality, provability and feasibility.
Research
Buss is considered one of the forefathers of bounded arithmetic and proof complexity.
During his PhD, Buss worked in bounded arithmetic. He received his PhD in 1985. He introduced bounded arithmetic in his thesis and gave a nice proof theoretic characterization of polynomial time computation. His thesis is one of the main references in the area of bounded arithmetic. He is also author/editor of several books in mathematical logic and computer science.
Buss proved in 1983 that the Boolean Formula Evaluation problem is in ALogTime, a major result in complexity theory.
His main research areas are mathematical logic, complexity theory and proof complexity. Other areas which he has contributed to include bounded arithmetic, bounded reverse mathematics, and lower bounds in propositional proof systems.
References
External links
Home page of Samuel R. Buss
The Boolean formula value problem is in ALOGTIME
Bounded arithmetic
Handbook of Proof Theory
3D Computer Graphics: A mathematical approach with OpenGL
Living people
American computer scientists
Emory University alumni
Princeton University alumni
University of California, San Diego faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
بشت (توضيح)

بشت (توضيح)
قد يقصد من «بشت» :
بوليط مشابه

بوليط مشابه هو نوع الفطريات يتبع جنس البوليط من الفصيلة البوليطية.
انظر أيضاً
بوليط
قائمة أنواع البوليط
مراجع
بوليط مشابه
مشابه
بوليط مشابه
فطريات صالحة للأكل
فطريات وصفت في 1873
أصنوفات سماها تشارلز هورتون بيك
جزيرة جروم عكرم (ميدي)

جزيرة جروم عكرم (ميدي)
جزيرة جروم عكرم هي إحدى جزر مديرية ميدي التابعة لمحافظة حجة.
مراجع وروابط خارجية
المركز الوطني للمعلومات باليمن
جروم عكرم
دة برزغ

دة برزغ هي قرية في مقاطعة سميرم، إيران. يقدر عدد سكانها بـ 239 نسمة بحسب إحصاء 2016.
مراجع
أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة سميرم
كريم حربي

كريم حربي، لاعب كرة قدم كويتي سابق.
و قد كان يلعب مع نادي الكويت، وقد سجل هدف في نهائي كأس الأمير 1977/1978.
لاعبو كرة قدم كويتيون
لاعبو نادي الكويت
الكون الرياضي

الكون الرياضي في الفيزياء وعلم الكون فرضية كلية تزعم أن
المراجع
تعدد الأكوان
علم الكون الفيزيائي
علم الوجود
فيزياء نظرية
Al-Harith ibn Hisham

Al-Harith ibn Hisham
Al-Ḥārith ibn Hishām ibn al-Mughīra ibn ʿAbd Allāh (died 634, 636 or 639), was a companion of Muhammad, a noble of the Banu Makhzum and a participant in the Muslim conquest of Syria until his death.
Life
Al-Harith was a son of the prominent pre-Islamic Qurayshite Hisham ibn al-Mughira of the Banu Makhzum clan in Mecca. Al-Harith's brother was Abu Jahl, the leader of Meccan opposition to the Islamic prophet Muhammad until his death at the Battle of Badr in 624. Al-Harith also fought against the Muslims at Badr and again at the Battle of Uhud near Medina in 627. Al-Harith embraced Islam during Muhammad's conquest of Mecca in 629/30. Afterward, he fought in the Muslim army against the Arab polytheists at the Battle of Hunayn in 630 and was given a share of the war spoils from that engagement.
Al-Harith participated in the Muslim conquest of Syria, successively fighting in the battles of Ajnadayn in Palestine and Fahl in Transjordan, both in 634. He fought under his paternal first cousin Khalid ibn al-Walid at the Battle of Yarmouk in 636. In 637 Caliph Umar gave al-Harith a stipend lower than others in the army because of his relatively late conversion to Islam. Unhappy with his pay, he permanently established himself in Syria with seventy members of his family. Accounts in the traditional Islamic sources about the date and cause of his death vary, with a number of sources reporting that he died in battle at Ajnadayn in 634 or at Yarmouk in 636, while others holding that he died in the plague of Amwas in 639. In any case, by the latter date, all but two or four of his seventy family members had died in Syria, in battle or due to plague.
Descendants
One of al-Harith's few surviving sons, Abd al-Rahman, was brought back to Medina by Umar, one of whose wives had been al-Harith's daughter Umm Hakim, and rewarded him with an allotment of land. He fathered an influential family of the Makhzum in Medina, having thirteen or fourteen sons and eighteen daughters. The family forged marital ties with other families of the Makhzum, as well as with the Umayyads and the Zubayrids, both Qurayshite contenders for control of the caliphate during the First and Second Muslim Civil Wars.
References
Bibliography
630s deaths
Banu Makhzum
Companions of the Prophet
Medieval Arabs killed in battle
People of the Muslim conquest of the Levant
Arab people of the Arab–Byzantine wars
7th-century deaths from plague (disease)
إيليزا بنت

إيليزا بنت هي كاتبة مسرحية وصحفية وكاتِبة أمريكية، ولدت في 30 مايو 1982 في بروكلين في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
أشخاص من بروكلين (ماساتشوستس)
أمريكيات في القرن 21
خريجو كلية بروكلين
خريجو كلية بوسطن
كاتبات دراما ومسرح أمريكيات
كتاب من ماساتشوستس
مواليد 1982
César (footballer, born 1956)

César (footballer, born 1956)
César Martins de Oliveira, (born April 13, 1956), simply known as César, is a former Brazilian football forward, who played in several Série A clubs. He was the top goalscorer of the Série A 1979.
Career
Born in São João da Barra, state of Rio de Janeiro, César defended América of his native city from 1976 to 1979, scoring Série A 22 goals in 71 games, and finishing as the Série A 1979 top goalscorer with 12 goals, tied with Cruzeiro's Roberto César. He played for Grêmio in 1983 and in 1984, scoring three goals in 13 Série A games. Defending Grêmio, he won the Copa Libertadores in 1983, and that season's Intercontinental Cup. He scored Grêmio's winning goal against Peñarol in the second leg of the Copa Libertadores final, played at Estádio Olímpico Monumental. Besides América and Grêmio, César has also played for Benfica of Portugal, Palmeiras, São Bento and Pelotas.
Honors
Club
Grêmio
Copa Libertadores: 1983
Intercontinental Cup: 1983
Benfica
Portuguese League: 1980–81, 1982–83
Portuguese Cup: 1979–80, 1980–81, 1982–83
Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: 1980
References
External links
1956 births
Living people
Footballers from Rio de Janeiro (city)
Brazilian men's footballers
America Football Club (Rio de Janeiro) players
S.L. Benfica footballers
Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense players
Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras players
Esporte Clube São Bento players
Primeira Liga players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal
Men's association football forwards
العلاقات الأفغانية الأندورية

العلاقات الأفغانية الأندورية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين أفغانستان وأندورا.
مقارنة بين البلدين
هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين:
منظمات دولية مشتركة
يشترك البلدان في عضوية مجموعة من المنظمات الدولية، منها:
وصلات خارجية
موقع وزارة الخارجية الأفغانية
موقع وزارة الخارجية الأندورية
مراجع
العلاقات الأفغانية الأندورية
سنو (موسيقي)

سنو (موسيقي)
سنو هو موسيقي ومغني كندي، ولد في 30 أكتوبر 1969 في تورونتو في كندا.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
كنديون من أصل أيرلندي
مغنو هيب هوب كنديون
مغنون كنديون
مواليد 1969
موسيقيو ريغي كنديون
موسيقيون من تورونتو
مغنو راب من تورونتو
Bobby Cook (basketball)

Bobby Cook (basketball)
Robert Bernard Cook (April 1, 1923 – October 11, 2004) was a player in the National Basketball League and National Basketball Association. He played with the Sheboygan Red Skins from 1948 to 1950. Previously, he had been drafted by the Fort Wayne Pistons of the Basketball Association of America in 1948.
He is buried with his wife, Verone, in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, where he had owned a Ford dealership.
Career statistics
NBA
Source
Regular season
Playoffs
References
1923 births
2004 deaths
All-American college men's basketball players
American men's basketball players
Basketball coaches from Illinois
Basketball players from Illinois
Fort Wayne Pistons draft picks
Forwards (basketball)
Guards (basketball)
People from Harvard, Illinois
Sportspeople from McHenry County, Illinois
People from Lake Geneva, Wisconsin
Sheboygan Red Skins coaches
Sheboygan Red Skins players
Wisconsin Badgers baseball players
Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball players
هيروميتشي ساتو

هيروميتشي ساتو (مواليد )، هو لاعب كرة قدم سابق كان يلعب كلاعب وسط.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
لاعبو كرة قدم يابانيون
لابوبلا تيرنيسا

لابوبلا تيرنيسا
بلدية لابوبلا تيرنيسا (بالفالنسية:La Pobla Tornesa)، هي إحدى بلديات مقاطعة كاستيلون التي تقع في منطقة بلنسية، في شرق إسبانيا.
يبلغ عدد سكانها 845 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2006).
مراجع
أماكن مأهولة في كاستيون
بلديات كاستيلون
كريس كارتر (لاعب كرة قاعدة)

كريس كارتر (لاعب كرة قاعدة)
كريس كارتر هو لاعب كرة قاعدة أمريكي، ولد في 18 ديسمبر 1986 في ريدوود في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
لاعبو كرة قاعدة من مقاطعة سان ماتيو (كاليفورنيا)
أشخاص من ريدوود (كاليفورنيا)
أظهرة يسار دوري كرة القاعدة الرئيسي
أفارقة أمريكيون في القرن 20
أفارقة أمريكيون في القرن 21
الضاربين المخصصين دوري كرة القاعدة الرئيسي
رياضيون أمريكيون أفارقة في القرن 21
رياضيون من وادي لاس فيغاس
لاعبو أوكلاند أثلتكس
لاعبو أوكلاند لألعاب القوى
لاعبو روتشستر ريد وينجس
لاعبو ساكرمنتو ريفر كاتس
لاعبو ستوكتون بورتز
لاعبو كرة قاعدة أفارقة أمريكيون
لاعبو كرة قاعدة أمريكيون مغتربون في المكسيك
لاعبو كرة قاعدة من كاليفورنيا
لاعبو كرة قاعدة من نيفادا
لاعبو ميلاووكي بريورز
لاعبو ناشفيل ساوندز
لاعبو نيويورك (يانكيز)
لاعبو هيوستن أسترو
مدافعو القاعدة الأولى دوري كرة القاعدة الرئيسي
مكسيكيون من أصل إفريقي أمريكي
مواليد 1986
مواليد في ريدوود (كاليفورنيا)
رياضيون من ريدوود (كاليفورنيا)
العلاقات الأنغولية الأمريكية

العلاقات الأنغولية الأمريكية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين أنغولا والولايات المتحدة.
مقارنة بين البلدين
هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين:
مدن متوأمة
في ما يلي قائمة باتفاقيات التوأمة بين مدن أنغولية وأمريكية:
ترتبط لواندا مع هيوستن باتفاقية توأمة.
منظمات دولية مشتركة
يشترك البلدان في عضوية مجموعة من المنظمات الدولية، منها:
أعلام
هذه قائمة لبعض الشخصيات التي تربطها علاقات بالبلدين:
أيزيا واشنطن (3 أغسطس 1963 – )
انتوني جونسون (1600 – 1670)
روبرتو فورتيس (لاعب كرة سلة أمريكي، 9 نوفمبر 1984 – )
كريس تاكر (31 أغسطس 1971 – )
مادلين بايلي (مغنية أمريكية، 2 سبتمبر 1992 – )
هوغو فيريرا (موسيقي أمريكي، 7 مارس 1974 – )
وصلات خارجية
موقع وزارة الخارجية الأنغولية
موقع وزارة الخارجية الأمريكية
مراجع
العلاقات الأنغولية الأمريكية
علاقات أنغولا الثنائية
علاقات الولايات المتحدة الثنائية
Geoffrey Thompson (businessman)

Geoffrey Thompson (businessman)
William Geoffrey Thompson OBE (16 November 1936 – 12 June 2004) was a British businessman who was the managing director and owner of Blackpool Pleasure Beach, Pleasureland Southport and Frontierland, Morecambe. He rose to his position in 1976 after the death of his father, Leonard Thompson.
Career
Geoffrey Thompson was appointed managing director of Blackpool Pleasure Beach in 1976, following the death of his father. During his tenure, he bought two separate amusement parks, Pleasureland Southport and Frontierland, Morecambe. The latter of which he closed down in 2000. He invested heavily into the Pleasure Beach during his time, opening the Steeplechase, Avalanche, Revolution, Big One, Ice Blast: The Ride and Valhalla. Like his father, he had a good relationship with Arrow Dynamics with them building many of Pleasure Beach's rides until they went bankrupt in 2002.
He sat on a number of trade agencies, such as the English Tourist Board and the British Association of Leisure Parks, Piers and Attractions, and was appointed an OBE for this work. In 1986, Pleasure Beach became one of the first companies in the UK to register with the Government Profit Related Pay Unit. Under this scheme the company agreed that, where profits exceeded £1 million, 10% would be distributed among the permanent staff according to their length of service. Geoffrey was often in dispute with Blackpool Council over their decision to allow private traders to use land opposite the Pleasure Beach. He won his appeal to clear the land of all trading attractions and the Pleasure Beach has remained unaffected by the situation.
Major installations
During his tenure, many major attractions were built at the Pleasure Beach.
Personal life
Thompson married Barbara Foxcroft in 1962, and had three children; Amanda, Nick and Fiona. He was awarded an OBE in the 1997 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours.
Education
Thompson attended Arnold Junior School and Rossall School, before moving to Shrewsbury. He later read Economics at Clare College, Cambridge. After graduating, he moved to America to broaden his education, studying Business Administration at Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
Death
Thompson died at Blackpool Pleasure Beach on 12 June 2004, while attending his daughter Amanda's wedding. He left Blackpool Pleasure Beach to Amanda. Before his death, he was quoted as telling her: "If you don’t think you’re strong enough to run the business then you’re not the person I thought you were."
References
1936 births
Blackpool Pleasure Beach
2004 deaths
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
20th-century English businesspeople
ستيوارت باندا

ستيوارت باندا هو منافس ألعاب قوى مالاوي، ولد في 20 نوفمبر 1988.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
مواليد 1988
عداؤو مسافات طويلة ذكور ملاويون
Abdulaziz Hamsal

Abdulaziz Hamsal (born March 1, 1987) is a full back or winger. He is known for being the shortest football player in the video game series FIFA.
References
1987 births
Living people
Men's association football fullbacks
Men's association football wingers
Najran SC players
Al-Okhdood Club players
Bisha FC players
Al-Jazira Club (Saudi Arabia) players
Mudhar Club players
Saudi Arabian men's footballers
Saudi Second Division players
Saudi First Division League players
Saudi Pro League players
Saudi Fourth Division players
Saudi Third Division players
مركز اتنين بوشان (الركيبات)

مركز اتنين بوشان (الركيبات)
مركز اتنين بوشان هو دُوَّار يقع بجماعة بوشان، إقليم الرحامنة، جهة مراكش آسفي في المملكة المغربية. ينتمي الدوّار لمشيخة الركيبات التي تضم 5 دواوير. يقدر عدد سكانه بـ 557 نسمة حسب الإحصاء الرسمي للسكان والسكنى لسنة 2004.
مراجع
روابط خارجية
البوابة الوطنية للجماعات الترابية
المندوبية السامية للتخطيط
أماكن مأهولة في الركيبات (بوشان)
أريس كوماندو

أريس كوماندو
Arajs Kommando (أيضا: Sonderkommando Arajs)، كانت وحدة من الشرطة المساعدة اللاتفية التابعة للشرطة الأمنية الألمانية (SD). قادتها شوتزشتافل والمتعاون فيكتورز أراجس وكانت وحدة قتل سيئة السمعة خلال المحرقة.
تشكيل - تكوين
بعد دخول اينساتسكوماندو في عاصمة لاتفيا الاتصال بين فيكتورز أراجس وبريغيجاديه فوهرر والتر ستاهليكر تأسست في 1 يوليو 1941. أمر Stahlecker Arājs بإعداد الكوماندوز الذي حصل على اسم رسمي لشرطة الأمن المساعدة اللاتفية أو Arajs Kommando. تألفت المجموعة من طلاب وضباط سابقين من ذو توجه يميني متطرف. جميع أعضاء Arajs Kommando كانوا متطوعين، ولهم حرية المغادرة في أي وقت.
أنشطة
كما يمكن رؤيته في النشرات الإخبارية النازية المعاصرة، جزء من حملة توثيق لخلق صورة مفادها أن المحرقة في منطقة البلطيق كانت نشاطًا محليًا وليس نازيًا، احتلت Arajs Kommando مكانًا بارزًا في حرق كنيس ريغا العظيم (الجوقة) في 4 يوليو 1941. تم اختيار الاحتفال بهذا الحدث بمناسبة يوم ذكرى الهولوكوست في لاتفيا الحالية.
بلغ عدد الوحدة حوالي 300-500 رجل خلال الفترة التي شاركت فيها في قتل السكان اليهود في لاتفيا، ووصلت إلى ما يصل إلى 1500 فرد ذروة مشاركتها في العمليات المعادية للبارتيزان في عام 1942. في المراحل الأخيرة من الحرب، تم حل الوحدة ونقل أفرادها إلى فيلق لاتفيا.
انظر أيضا
هربرتس كوكرز، عضو في أراج كومادو، اغتالته الموساد عام 1965
المراجع
قراءة متعمقة
Foreign Ministry of Latvia: The Holocaust in German-Occupied Latvia
أينزاتسغروبن
التعاون مع قوى المحور
المشاركة المحلية في المحرقة
إس إس نازية
لاتفيون متعاونون مع ألمانيا النازية
مفوضية الرايخ للأراضي الشرقية
هولوكوست في لاتفيا
Penajam

Penajam is a town and the administrative capital of Penajam North Paser Regency, in East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia.
Climate
Penajam has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round.
References
penajam North Paser Regency
Districts of East Kalimantan
Regency seats of East Kalimantan
يان هنتر (سياسي)

يان هنتر (سياسي)
يان هنتر هو مساعد باحث ومستشار سياسي وسياسي أسترالي، ولد في 23 سبتمبر 1960 في أستراليا. حزبياً، نشط في (1983 – ).
مناصب
انتخب وزير تغير المناخ (3 فبراير 2015 – 18 مارس 2018).
انتخب (6 فبراير 2014 – 26 مارس 2014).
انتخب (6 فبراير 2014 – 26 مارس 2014).
انتخب (21 يناير 2013 – 18 مارس 2018).
انتخب (21 يناير 2013 – 18 مارس 2018).
انتخب وزير شؤون السكان الأصليين والمصالحة (21 يناير 2013 – 3 فبراير 2015).
انتخب (21 أكتوبر 2011 – 21 يناير 2013).
انتخب (21 أكتوبر 2011 – 21 يناير 2013).
انتخب (21 أكتوبر 2011 – 21 يناير 2013).
انتخب (21 أكتوبر 2011 – 21 يناير 2013).
انتخب وزير الشباب (21 أكتوبر 2011 – 21 يناير 2013).
في ، انتخب عضو مجلس جنوب أستراليا التشريعي وقد انضم خلال (18 مارس 2006 – ) للكتلة البرلمانية .
مراجع
باحثون طبيون أستراليون
خريجو كلية فليندرز
ساسة مثليون جنسيا
سياسيون أستراليون في القرن 21
مشرعون مثليون في أستراليا
ملحدون أستراليون
مواليد 1960
ناشطو إل جي بي تي من أستراليا
Jamel Richardson

Jamel Richardson (born January 22, 1982) is an American former professional football player who was a slotback in the Canadian Football League (CFL). He won two Grey Cup championships with the Montreal Alouettes, and was named the Grey Cup Most Valuable Player (MVP) of the 98th Grey Cup. Richardson attended Corcoran High School before he was a two-year All-Foothill Conference in Basketball and All-American in Football at Victor Valley College where he led the state in receptions and yardage.
High school
Richardson attended Corcoran High School where he played football. In 2011 he was inducted into the Corcoran High school athletic hall of fame.
Professional career
Saskatchewan Roughriders
Richardson played for four seasons, from 2003–2006, for the Saskatchewan Roughriders. Over that span of time he caught 113 passes for 1471 yards and scored 4 touchdowns.
Dallas Cowboys
Richardson was signed by the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League in March 2007, but he faced an uphill battle at making the Cowboys' roster due to the depth Dallas had at the wide receiver position. On August 27, 2007, the Dallas Cowboys waived Richardson, along with seven other players, as part of its roster cuts prior to the start of the 2007 regular season.
Montreal Alouettes
On March 18, 2008, the Montreal Alouettes signed Richardson. In the 2008 season, Richardson was named a CFL All-Star after leading the CFL with 16 TD receptions while catching 98 passes for 1287 yards.
Richardson made news on January 7, 2009, when it was reported that he turned down an offer from the Minnesota Vikings of the NFL and chose to remain with the Alouettes for at least 3 seasons. He also drew interest from Seattle, San Francisco, and Tampa Bay.
On November 28, 2010 in the 98th Grey Cup in Edmonton, Alberta vs. the Saskatchewan Roughriders, Richardson helped the Alouettes to a 21-18 victory as well as receiving the MVP trophy. He was the first receiver to receive this honour since 2003. For six consecutive seasons Richardson amassed over 1,000 receiving yards; from 2008 through the 2012 CFL season. On August 4, 2013, partway through the season, Richardson tore his LCL and ACL, in his left knee, during practice. He then missed the remainder of the 2013 CFL season. Following the season-ending injury, Richardson was part of the team's final cuts of 2014 training camp and was released on June 21, 2014.
Saskatchewan Roughriders II
After sitting out the regular season in 2014, Richardson signed with the Saskatchewan Roughriders on December 22, 2014.
Statistics
References
External links
Jamel Richardson official website
1982 births
Living people
African-American players of Canadian football
American football wide receivers
American players of Canadian football
Montreal Alouettes players
Saskatchewan Roughriders players
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American people
Players of American football from Syracuse, New York
Colombia–Russia relations

Colombia–Russia relations are the bilateral and foreign relations between Colombia and Russia. Diplomatic relations between Colombia and the Soviet Union were established for the first time on June 25, 1935 (then severed on May 3, 1948, and restored back to normal on January 19, 1968). Colombia has an embassy in Moscow and Russia has an embassy in Bogotá.
Recent
On October 3, 2008, Colombia, considered one of the closest U.S. allies in Latin America, sent its defense minister to Russia for the first time to discuss signing a new military cooperation accord. Defense minister (and future president) Juan Manuel Santos arrived in Russia on Oct. 6 to attend an Interpol police conference and meet with his Russian counterpart Anatoly Serdyukov, along with Colombia's Ambassador to Russia, Diego José Tobón Echeverri.
Alquin "is the first Colombian defense minister to make an official visit to Russia, which is of major significance for relations between the two countries", the Colombian presidency said on its web site. Talks focused on cooperation in fighting the drugs trade, terrorism and a new defense accord, it said.
Colombian Vice-President Francisco Santos said during a visit to Russia in June that his country wants to buy fighter and transport helicopters and radar systems as it broadens its sources of defense equipment. The defense minister will attend a demonstration of Russian weaponry during his week-long visit, the presidency in Bogota said.
Colombia's efforts to court Russia came after it voiced concerns about billions of dollars in Russian arms sales to neighboring Venezuela, where President Hugo Chávez proclaimed a goal of countering U.S. influence in Latin America and was accused by Colombia of arming FARC rebels.
On November 1, 2013, the Colombian Air Force intercepted two Tu-160s of the Russian Air Force that were flying over Colombian airspace without previous governmental clearance. The two blackjacks, as code named by the NATO, were escorted out of Colombian airspace soon after and a note of protest was sent by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Colombia to Moscow.
In December 2020, Juan Francisco Espinosa, head of Colombia’s migration agency said that two Russian diplomats were expelled after being accused of trying to obtain military intelligence and information about the energy industry and mineral commodities.
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Colombian president Iván Duque affirmed his support for Ukraine during a phone call with Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy, condemning Russia's aggression by stating that, "Colombia has been firm with its voice condemning this opprobrium, it has done so in all multilateral instances and all diplomatic channels as the only NATO partner in Latin America and the Caribbean.“
See also
Foreign relations of Colombia
Foreign relations of Russia
References
External links
Colombian embassy in Moscow (in Spanish)
Colombian Ministry of Foreign Affaires about relations with the Russian Federation (in Spanish)
Russian embassy in Bogotá (in Spanish)
Bilateral relations of Russia
Russia
قائمة الأفلام المصرية سنة 1944

قائمة الأفلام المصرية سنة 1944
هذه قائمة بالأفلام المصرية لسنة 1944 مرتبة أبجديا
1944
مصر في 1944
أفلام مصرية إنتاج 1944
قوائم أفلام حسب البلد أو اللغة 1944
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قوائم أفلام مصرية حسب السنة