Higher education policy

Higher education policy refers to education policy for higher education institutions such as universities, specifically how they are organised, funded, and operated in a society. According to Ansell (2006) there are "three different institutional forms of higher education provision: the Anglo-Saxon, Continental and the Scandinavian education system."
Higher Education Funding Policy
The funding of higher education is contingent on the internal resources and policies enacted within the country of study. The Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) uses knowledge gathered by the Higher Education Policy Team to compare the funding of higher education in the 38 countries that are affiliated with this international organization. In accordance to the Higher Education Resources Policy Survey conducted by OECD there are four main channels that contribute to higher education resource funding: Student Support, Institutional Funding, Resource Governance and Coordination, and Human Resources. In non-OECD countries such as Indonesia, Pupua New Guinea, Namibia, and others the framework pertaining to higher education resources are commonly indisposed due to Resource and Government Coordination in developing countries which hinders the implementation of a successful financial system for higher education.
External funding is an alternative method for funding higher education that results from the globalization of higher education. Some countries are able to consistently secure external funding from other countries as a competitive bid for prestige of higher education systems. A case study in Israel shows exceptional achievement in securing grant funding from the European Research Council (ERC) achieved through a regulated funding system that rewards performance in order to attract external funding in the form of research grants. However, performance based funding policies are associated with the marketization of higher education which encourages higher education institutions to embrace neoliberal behaviors that are market-oriented.
Anglo-Saxon education system
According to Ansell (2006), "[t]he Anglo-Saxon education system leads to a mass, partially private and publicly inexpensive system". The Anglo-Saxon system is sometimes described as an Anglo-American education system.
Continental education system
According to Ansell (2006), "[t]he Continental educational system leads to an elite, fully public and inexpensive system".
Scandinavian education system
According to Ansell (2006), "[t]he Scandinavian education system leads to a mass, fully public, but highly expensive system".
References
Chapman, Bruce; Greenway, David (2006) Learning to Live with Loans? International Policy Transfer and the Funding of Higher Education. World Economy.
Golden, Gillian; Troy, Lisa; Weko, Thomas (2021) How Are Higher Education Systems in OECD Countries Resourced? Evidence from an OECD Policy Survey. OECD Education Working Papers
Hossler, Donald; Rabourn, Karyn E.;Siskin, Mary B. (2018) Performance-Based Funding of Higher Education: Analyses of Policy Discourse Across Four Case Studies. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies.
Weinreb, Yaniv; Yemini, Miri (2023) Navigating academic habits in a higher education system that prioritizes external funding - the case of Israel. Studies in Higher Education.
External links
Structure and Content of the American and European Models for Business Education
Wars, Geopolitics, and University Governance in the Arab States
Higher education
Education policy