PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Chumak

Chumak was a historical and traditional wagon-based trading occupation in the territory of modern Ukraine in the late Medieval and early Modern periods of history. It involved the delivery of goods (salt, fish, grain, and others) for the purpose of long-distance sales using carts (wagons) harnessed to oxen.
Chumaks developed as a merchant class facilitating the trade in salt from the areas of Halychyna as well as the coastal areas of Black and Azov Seas, in addition to other items.
They prospered until the end of the 19th century, when competition from railroads made longer trade-routes unprofitable. Chumaks transported goods in wagons pulled by two oxen paired with a yoke. The oxen were often of the Bessarabian breed.
Chumaks operated most commonly during the times of the Cossack Hetmanate (17th century), trading between the Moscow state, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Crimean Khanate, and Moldavia. Modernization marginalized traditional economic activity, and relegated Chumak traders to areas in western Ukraine with the lowest levels of service.
Influence on Ukrainian culture
The chumak way of life had great influence on Ukrainian folklore, language, and overall culture, due to the hardships and perils inherent in that trade.
In the Ukrainian language the Milky Way is called the Chumaks' Way. There is a Ukrainian surname Chumak.
Chumak traders featured prominently in Ukrainian folklore and fables. They feature in the literal as well as artistic works of Taras Shevchenko (1814-1861), of the Crimean-Armenian painter Ivan Aivazovsky (1817-1900), and in the song Ukraina by Taras Petrynenko (1953- ).
See also
Zaporozhian Sich
References
External links
Chumak's roads by A.Basargina, a senior scientist at the Belgorod State Museum of Folk Culture (YouTube)
History of salt
Historical economic occupations
Business occupations
Economic history of Ukraine
كيسي أتوود

كيسي أتوود هو سائق سباق أمريكي، ولد في 25 أغسطس 1980 في في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
سائقو سيارات سباق أمريكيون
سائقو سيارات سباق أمريكيون في القرن 20
سائقو سيارات سباق أمريكيون في القرن 21
سائقو سيارات سباق من تينيسي
سائقو ناسكار
مواليد 1980
سائقو سيارات سباق من ناشفيل (تينيسي)
Robert Mather

Robert Mather (28 September 1914 – 5 February 2002) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hobart. In 1964 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Liberal member for Denison. He served until his retirement in 1982. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1984.
References
1914 births
2002 deaths
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
20th-century Australian politicians
مؤسسة جالوب الدولية

مؤسسة جالوب الدولية
مؤسسة غالوب الدولية ، وتعرف اختصارًا بجيا هي مؤسسة استطلاع رأي، تأسست في زيورخ، في سويسرا في مايو 1947. وشغل جورج غالوب منصب أول رئيس للمؤسسة، حتى وفاته عام 1984.
تتنازع كل من منظمة غالوب ومؤسسة غالوب الدولية قانونيًا على استخدام اسم غالوب.
في مايو 2010، اندمجت كل من الشبكة العالمية المستقلة WIN (2007) ومؤسسة غالوب الدولية GIA (1947) في الائتلاف التجاري في مجال الأبحاث وين/جيا.
مصادر
تأسيسات سنة 1947 في إنجلترا
شركات أبحاث رأي عام
شركات أسست في 1947
شركات خدمات في سويسرا
Ann Michelle

Ann Michelle (born 11 August 1952) is a British actress.
Biography
Michelle's father Joseph was a fish trader at Billingsgate Fish Market and her mother Shirley an actress. One of her sisters is the actress Vicki Michelle. While her parents were at work, they employed Elke Sommer as an au-pair girl to look after Michelle and her three sisters.
Her earliest appearances included roles in Love in Our Time (1968) and an uncredited appearance in The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (1969). Michelle's most notable acting role was as Jane Pettibone in the cult British horror film Psychomania (1973), and her other film appearances included roles in House of Whipcord (1974), Mistress Pamela (1974), Cruel Passion (1977), Young Lady Chatterley (1977), Haunted (1977), and French Quarter (1978).
Michelle also starred in Virgin Witch (1972) opposite her sister Vicki. She later disowned Virgin Witch, according to an article in the Sarasota Herald of 12 November 1973, saying that the producer had just wanted nude scenes.
In 1981 Michelle had a prominent role in the TV adaptation of Levkas Man.
Michelle is a director of the Trading Faces celebrity agency.
She was married to the Reading Racers speedway rider Richard May.
References
External links
Official website
1952 births
Living people
English television actresses
People from Chigwell
Actresses from Essex
English film actresses
Birmingham Perry Barr (UK Parliament constituency)

Birmingham Perry Barr (UK Parliament constituency)
Birmingham Perry Barr is a constituency in the West Midlands, represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2001 by Khalid Mahmood of the Labour Party.
Constituency profile
UK Polling Report stated in 2015: "Perry Barr and parts of Handsworth Wood are relatively affluent and Oscott is a large, mostly white, inter-war housing development. The most notorious part of the seat is Handsworth, a tough, multi-ethnic, inner-city area." This area, however, was only added to the seat in 1983, following the abolition of the Birmingham Handsworth constituency.
Members of Parliament
Boundaries
The constituency covers a broad area of north-west Birmingham.
2010–present: The City of Birmingham wards of Handsworth Wood, Lozells and East Handsworth, Oscott, Perry Barr, Birchfield
1997–2010: The City of Birmingham wards of Handsworth, Oscott, Perry Barr, and Sandwell.
1983–1997: The City of Birmingham wards of Handsworth, Kingstanding, Oscott, and Perry Barr.
1974–1983: The County Borough of Birmingham wards of Kingstanding, Oscott, and Perry Barr.
1950–1974: The County Borough of Birmingham wards of Kingstanding and Perry Barr.
Elections
Elections in the 2010s
Elections in the 2000s
Elections in the 1990s
Elections in the 1980s
Elections in the 1970s
Elections in the 1960s
Elections in the 1950s
See also
List of parliamentary constituencies in the West Midlands (county)
Notes
References
External links
Birmingham city council constituency page
Parliamentary constituencies in Birmingham, West Midlands
Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1950
Perry Barr
CGS-15943

CGS-15943 هو عقارٌ يعمل مُناهضًا انتقائيًا فعَّالًا وبشكلٍ معقول لمستقبلات الأدينوسين A1 وA2 A. لقد كان هذا المركب من أوائل مناهضات مستقبلات الأدينوسين التي اُكتُشِفت وهو ليس مشتقًا من الزانثين، بل يُعتبَر تريازولوكينازولين . وبالتالي، فإن هذا المركب يتمتع بميزة على معظم مشتقات الزانثين لأنه ليس مثبطًا لفوسفوديستراز، وأيضًا لخصائصه الدوائية المحددة. يُنتِج هذا المركب تأثيرات مشابهة للكافيين، ولكنه أكثر فاعلية منه، وذلك وفقًا لدراساتٍ أجريت على الحيوانات.
انظر أيضًا
مستقبلات الأدينوزين
كافيين
زانثين
المراجع
أدوية تجريبية
أدوية لم يصنفها نظام التصنيف الكيميائي العلاجي التشريحي
فورانات
مضادات الأدينوزين
ستيف رايت (توضيح)

ستيف رايت (توضيح)
قد يقصد من «ستيف رايت» :
Frederick R. Payne Jr.

Frederick R. Payne Jr.
Frederick Rounsville "Fritz" Payne Jr. (July 31, 1911 – August 6, 2015) was a World War II Ace and a brigadier general in the United States Marine Corps. Payne was awarded the Navy Cross for service with VMF-212.
Education
He attended the United States Naval Academy from 1930 to 1932 and subsequently graduated from the University of Arizona in 1935.
Career
Payne was awarded the Navy Cross for service with VMF-212 on Guadalcanal between September and October 1942, shooting down six Japanese airplanes. After the war, he continued his service with U.S. Marines and fought in the Korean war until he retired from U.S. Marines in 1958. In his post-military career, Payne helped plan the construction of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station, He retired from Southern California Edison in 1976. He was also honored with the Congressional Gold Medal in May 2015. Payne died six days after his 104th birthday on August 6, 2015, at Rancho Mirage, California; at the time of his death he was the oldest living former fighter ace.
Awards
Congressional Gold Medal (2015)
Navy Cross
Personal
He came from a military family: his father served in the Spanish–American War after graduating from the United States Naval Academy and World War I. He was raised in Indianapolis, Indiana and he also attended the Naval Academy. He enlisted in the Marine Corps and became a pilot. He was married to Dorothy and had three children: Son, Robert Payne, Son, Dewitt, and daughter, Ann Wilson Payne.
See also
List of World War II aces from the United States
List of World War II flying aces
References
Further reading
1911 births
2015 deaths
American centenarians
American World War II flying aces
Men centenarians
People from Elmira, New York
Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
United States Marine Corps generals
United States Marine Corps pilots of World War II
United States Naval Academy alumni
United States Navy pilots of World War II
فانغارا (كريمناغار)

فانغارا (كريمناغار)
فانغارا هي منطقة سكنية تقع في الهند في أندرا برديش.
أعلام
بي في ناراسيمها راو
مراجع
قرى منطقة كاريمناغار
إثيل إدواردز

إثيل إدواردز هي رسامة أمريكية، ولدت في 1914 في نيو أورلينز في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفيت في 1999.
مراجع
رسامات جداريات أمريكيات
أشخاص من أوبلوساس
أشخاص من البيني
أعضاء هيئة تدريس رابطة طلاب الفن في نيويورك
أكاديميات أمريكيات
رسامات أمريكيات
رسامات توضيحيات أمريكيات
رسامات جداريات
رسامو الفن الحديث
رسامو جداريات أمريكيون
رسامون أمريكيون في القرن 20
رسامون توضيحيون أمريكيون
رسامون من لويزيانا
فنانات أمريكيات في القرن 20
فنانون من نيو أورلينز
مواليد 1914
مواليد 1915
وفيات 1999
باتريسيو شواب

باتريسيو شواب هو لاعب كرة قدم تشيلي في مركز الهجوم، ولد في 14 أبريل 1986 في سانتياغو في تشيلي. لعب مع ديبورتيس ماجالانز.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية تشيليون
مهاجمو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
تشيليون مغتربون في الولايات المتحدة
تشيليون من أصل ألماني
لاعبو الدوري التشيلي لكرة القدم الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو الدوري التشيلي لكرة القدم الدرجة الممتازة
لاعبو بويرتو مونت
لاعبو ديبورتيس تيموكو
لاعبو ديبورتيس كونسبسيون
لاعبو ديبورتيس ماجالانز
لاعبو سان ماركوس أريكا
لاعبو كرة قدم تشيليون
لاعبو كرة قدم من سانتياغو
لاعبو كوبريلوا
مواليد 1986
رالي ألمانيا 2010

رالي ألمانيا 2010 هو سباق رالي أقيم في الفترة من أغسطس 20 إلى 2010 في ترير. كان الجولة التاسعة ضمن بطولة العالم للراليات موسم 2010. تكون الرالي من 19 مرحلة. فاز سيباستيان لوب ببطولة السائقين.
النتائج
مراجع
بطولة العالم للراليات موسم 2010
رالي ألمانيا
رياضة محركات ألمانية في 2010
Robert Moody

Robert Moody
Robert Vaughan Moody, (born November 28, 1941) is a Canadian mathematician. He is the co-discover of Kac–Moody algebra, a Lie algebra, usually infinite-dimensional, that can be defined through a generalized root system.
"Almost simultaneously in 1967, Victor Kac in the USSR and Robert Moody in Canada developed what was to become Kac–Moody algebra. Kac and Moody noticed that if Wilhelm Killing's conditions were relaxed, it was still possible to associate to the Cartan matrix a Lie algebra which, necessarily, would be infinite dimensional." - A. J. Coleman
Born in Great Britain, he received a Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics in 1962 from the University of Saskatchewan, a Master of Arts in Mathematics in 1964 from the University of Toronto, and a Ph.D. in Mathematics in 1966 from the University of Toronto.
In 1966, he joined the Department of Mathematics as an assistant professor in the University of Saskatchewan. In 1970, he was appointed an associate professor and a professor in 1976. In 1989, he joined the University of Alberta as a professor in the Department of Mathematics.
In 1999, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 1980, he was made a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 1996 Moody and Kac were co-winners of the Wigner Medal.
Selected works
with S. Berman:
with J. Patera:
with Bremner & Patera: Tables of weight space multiplicities, Marcel Dekker 1983
with A. Pianzola:
with S. Kass, J. Patera, & R. Slansky: Affine Lie Algebras, weight multiplicities and branching rules, 2 vols., University of California Press 1991 vol. 1 books.google
with Pianzola: Lie algebras with triangular decompositions, Canadian Mathematical Society Series, John Wiley 1995
with Baake & Grimm: Die verborgene Ordnung der Quasikristalle, Spektrum, Feb. 2002; What is Aperiodic Order?, Eng. trans. on arxiv.org
Notes
References
1941 births
Living people
British emigrants to Canada
Canadian mathematicians
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Officers of the Order of Canada
University of Toronto alumni
Academic staff of the University of Alberta
Academic staff of the University of Saskatchewan
University of Saskatchewan alumni
عبد اللطيف النصف

عبد اللطيف النصف
عبد اللطيف إبراهيم النصف (1906 - 1971) شاعر ومسؤول حكومي كويتي. ولد في مدينة الكويت وتلقّى في كُتّابها مبادئ العلوم والقرآن، ثمّ التحق بمدارس الكويت وتابع فيها علومه. هاجر إلى الأحساء وأقام فيها أربع سنوات، ثم عاد إلى بلاده وتسلّم أمانة سرّ أميرها عبد الله السالم الصباح. وبعد استقلال الكويت عُيّن مديرًا للإدارة الصحفية في وزارة الخارجية، حتى أحيل على التقاعد. توفي في مسقط رأسه. له شعر مذكور في الكتب التي تناولته بالبحث والترجمة. أطلقت اسمه على مدرسة متوسطة للبنين بمنطقة اليرموك.
سيرته
ولد عبد اللطيف بن إبراهيم آل نصف في مدينة الكويت سنة 1906م/1324 هـ. تلقى تعليمه المبكر في الكتاب، ثم التحق بالمدرسة المباركية سنة 1915. هاجر إلى الأحساء في 1935 وبقي فيها أربع سنوات، ثم عاد إلى الكويت ليعمل سكرتيرًا خاصًا للأمير عبد الله السالم الصباح.
كان عضوًا في عدد من الإدارات والمجالس الحكومية: المجلس البلدي (1951 - 1961)، اللجنة التنفيذية العليا (1954)، مجلس الأوقاف (1957)، مجلس المعارف (1960)، كما عمل مديرًا للإدارة الصحفية في وزارة الخارجية الكويتية.
توفي في مسقط رأسه في 1971 م/ 1391 هـ.
شعره
ذكره عبد العزيز البابطين في معجمه وقال «ارتبط شعره بالقضايا السياسية والاجتماعية، قامت قصيدته على التشكيل التقليدي السائد في بيئته الثقافية، وقد نبه عبد العزيز الرشيد إلى خصوصية قصيدته، ووصفه خالد سعود الزيد بالشاعر الطليعي، ووضعه خليفة الوقيان في سياق الريادة لشعر التمرد والسعي نحو التغيير، وخلص محمد حسن عبد الله من دراسته لنتاجه الشعري أنه يتميز بتعدد موضوعات قصائده، والتزامه بموسيقا بحور خليلية بعينها: (هي على الترتيب: الطويل - البسيط - الكامل - الوافر - الخفيف)، وأن قصيدته «جل الأسى» تستوعب في تكوينها كل ما صدر للشاعر من قصائده) فهو يمدح، ويهنئ، ويرثي، ويواسي، ويعتذر، من خلال المنظور الفكري/ السياسي نفسه، وهذا ثبات ينم على قوة الشخصية ووضوح الموقف، كما يدل من وجهة الشعر المؤسِّسة لقوة الفكر أن قصائد الشاعر - على تنوعها - تعود إلى أصل واحد، يستجمع هذه الشظايا أو الشرائح في تشكيل فني/ فكري راسخ.»
مراجع
خريجو المدرسة المباركية
شعراء كويتيون في القرن 20
مواليد 1324 هـ
وفيات 1391 هـ
2014 Rose of Tralee

2014 Rose of Tralee
The 2014 Rose of Tralee was the 55th edition of the annual Irish international festival held on 15–19 August 2014. The international finals of the competition were broadcast live by RTÉ One television on 18–19 August.
The Philadelphia Rose, Maria Walsh, was crowned the winner of the competition on 19 August. She was a 27-year-old native of Boston in the United States who moved to Shrule, County Mayo in Ireland in 1994. After her college education, she emigrated to New York City in the United States then moved to Philadelphia in 2011.
She had been the favourite with the bookies, with Paddy Power offering odds of 2/5 for her to take victory.
Walsh revealed that she was a lesbian five days after her coronation.
References
External links
Official Site
Official 2014 Rose of Tralee Programme
Rose of Tralee
Rose of Tralee
Rose of Tralee
Rose of Tralee
Margaret Atherton

Margaret Atherton (born 1943) is an American philosopher and feminist historian who is currently a Distinguished Professor Emerita in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, and was a Distinguished Professor of Philosophy there before her retirement. Atherton's research has focused on philosophers of the early modern period, philosophy of psychology (cognition and mind), and the work of women philosophers, as well as teaching the history of modern philosophy.
Education
Atherton attained her A.B. in Philosophy at Bryn Mawr College in 1965. In 1970, she received a Ph.D. in Philosophy from Brandeis University; her dissertation "Nativism" initiated her philosophical work on innate ideas.
Career
Atherton's book, Women Philosophers of the Early Modern Period, highlights historical women who have impacted philosophy. Atherton has published many articles, been featured in several journals, and been asked to present her ideas at conferences and institutions throughout the years. George Berkeley and John Locke are seen throughout her work and reviews. Atherton has engaged in research since the 1970s and has continued to develop her methods and expand her ideas.
Atherton is a member of the British Society for the History of Philosophy, Hume Society, American Eighteenth Century Society, International Berkeley Society (Philosophy Associations Coordinator), Society for Women in Philosophy, and the American Philosophical Association.
Atherton has been a professor of philosophy at New York University, Brooklyn College, University of Maryland, University of Rochester, and the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
Works
References
Living people
Bryn Mawr College alumni
Brandeis University alumni
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee faculty
Philosophers from Wisconsin
American women philosophers
American women historians
Feminist historians
20th-century American philosophers
20th-century American historians
21st-century American philosophers
21st-century American historians
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
Place of birth missing (living people)
Members of the American Philosophical Society
Presidents of the American Philosophical Association
Brooklyn College faculty
1943 births
European Systemic Risk Board

European Systemic Risk Board
The European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB) is a group established on 16 December 2010 in response to the ongoing financial crisis. It is tasked with the macro-prudential oversight of the financial system within the European Union in order to contribute to the prevention or mitigation of systemic risks to financial stability in the EU. It shall contribute to the smooth functioning of the internal market and thereby ensure a sustainable contribution of the financial sector to economic growth.
The ESRB is a macro-prudential oversight body of the EU and it is part of the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS), the purpose of which is to ensure the supervision of the EU's financial system. As a body lacking juridical personality, the ESRB relies on hosting and support by the European Central Bank. It includes representatives from the ECB, national central banks and supervisory authorities of EU member states, and the European Commission.
Overview
The operation of the board has been entrusted to the European Central Bank and the first Chair of the ESRB was Jean-Claude Trichet. Currently the ESRB is chaired by Christine Lagarde, the ECB president. In order to take advantage of existing and compatible structures, and to minimise any delay to the commencement of its operations, the ECB provides analytical, statistical, administrative and logistical support to the ESRB, and technical advice is also drawn from national central banks, supervisors and an independent scientific committee.
Ieke van den Burg Prize for research on systemic risk
The ESRB's Advisory Scientific Committee awards the annual Ieke van den Burg Prize for outstanding research conducted by young academics on a topic related to the ESRB's mission. The prize is named in honor of Ieke van den Burg, for her work on financial stability. The winning paper is usually presented at the ESRB Annual Conference and published in the ESRB Working Paper Series.
See also
European Banking Authority
European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority
European Securities and Markets Authority
List of acronyms: European sovereign-debt crisis
References
External links
Regulation (EU) No 1092/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24/11/2010 on European Union macro-prudential oversight of the financial system and establishing a European Systemic Risk Board (the ‘ESRB Regulation’)
Council Regulation (EU) No 1096/2010 of 17/11/2010 conferring specific tasks upon the European Central Bank concerning the functioning of the European Systemic Risk Board
Larosière report
Rules of procedure of the ESRB
Code of conduct of the ESRB
2010 in the European Union
Systemic risk
Financial risk
European Union financial market policy
Financial regulatory authorities
Government agencies established in 2010
Organisations based in Frankfurt
2010 establishments in Germany
sv:Europeiska systemet för finansiell tillsyn#Europeiska systemrisknämnden
خادم المذبح

خادم المذبح
خدام المذبح هم مساعدين لرجال الدين أثناء الخدمة الدينية المسيحية. من مهام خادم المذبح مثل جلب وحمل البخور، أو رنين جرس المذبح .
الكنيسة الرومانية الكاثوليكية
كانت خدمة المذبح سابقًا تقتصر على الرجال والفتيان، ولكن القانون 230 من مدونة القانون الكنسي الصادر في عام 1983 سمح للأساقفة المحليين السماح للفتيات والنساء للقيام بخدمة المذبح. في الولايات المتحدة، في أبرشية لينكولن في نبراسكا لم يمنح إذن بذلك. المجموعات الكاثوليكية التقليديين لا تسمح للنساء في خدمة الهيكل.
معرض صور
انظر أيضًا
العبادة في المسيحية
شماس
قندلفت
مراجع
الطقس البيزنطي
الطفل في المسيحية
قداس إلهي
قداس كاثوليكي
مناصب الكنيسة الرومانية الكاثوليكية