Electronic art

Electronic art is a form of art that makes use of electronic media. More broadly, it refers to technology and/or electronic media. It is related to information art, new media art, video art, digital art, interactive art, internet art, and electronic music. It is considered an outgrowth of conceptual art and systems art.
Background
The term electronic art is almost synonymous to computer art and digital art. The latter two terms, and especially the term computer-generated art are mostly used for visual artworks generated by computers. However, electronic art has a much broader connotation, referring to artworks that include any type of electronic component, such as works in music, dance, architecture and performance. It is an interdisciplinary field in which artists, scientists and engineers often collaborate when creating their works. The art historian of electronic art Edward A. Shanken works to document current and past experimental art with a focus on the intersection of art, science, and technology. Other writers on the topic of electronic art include Frank Popper, Dominique Moulon, Sarah Cook, and Christiane Paul.
Electronic art often features components of interactivity. Artists make use of technologies like the Internet, computer networks, robotics, wearable technology, digital painting, wireless technology and immersive virtual reality. As the technologies used to deliver works of electronic art become obsolete, electronic art faces serious issues around the challenge to preserve artwork beyond the time of its contemporary production. Currently, research projects are underway to improve the preservation and documentation of the fragile electronic arts heritage (see DOCAM - Documentation and Conservation of the Media Arts Heritage).
Art festivals that use the term "electronic art" in their name
International Symposium for Electronic Art (ISEA), organized annually since 1988, international
Ars Electronica Symposium, organized yearly since 1979 by Ars Electronica in Linz, Austria
Dutch Electronic Art Festival (DEAF), organized yearly since 1994 by V2 Institute for the Unstable Media in Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Electronic Language International Festival (FILE) organized yearly since 2000 in São Paulo, Brazil
The Prix Ars Electronica, a major yearly award for several categories of electronic art
Artists
Notable artists working in electronic art include:
Laurie Anderson
Roy Ascott
Maurice Benayoun
Maurizio Bolognini
Angie Bonino
Mez Breeze
Miguel Chevalier
Heiko Daxl
Elizabeth Diller
David Em
Ken Feingold
Ingeborg Fülepp
Peter Gabriel
Walter Giers
Pietro Grossi
Genco Gulan
Garnet Hertz
Perry Hoberman
Jodi (art collective)
Eduardo Kac
Knowbotic Research
Marc Lee
George Legrady
Golan Levin
Liu Dao
Rafael Lozano-Hemmer
Chico MacMurtrie
Sergio Maltagliati
Jennifer & Kevin McCoy
Yucef Merhi
Joseph Nechvatal
Yves Netzhammer
Graham Nicholls
Simon Penny
Melinda Rackham
Martin Rev
Ken Rinaldo
David Rokeby
Stefan Roloff
Lillian Schwartz
Ricardo Scofidio
Paul Sermon
Scott Snibbe
Michael Snow
Stelarc
Survival Research Laboratories
Gianni Toti
Tamás Waliczky
Norman White
Allan Kaprow
See also
Algorithm art
Artificial intelligence art
Artmedia
Computer art
Computer art scene
Computer graphics
Computer music
Cybernetic art
Demoscene
Digital art
Digital illustration
Digital painting
Digital poetry
EVA Conferences (Electronic Visualisation and the Arts)
Evolutionary art
Fractal art
Generative art
Image development
Interactive art
Intermedia
Multimedia
Music visualization
New media art
Systems art
Notes
References
Sarah J. Rogers (ed), Body Mécanique: Artistic Explorations of Digital Realms, Columbus, Ohio, Wexner Center for the Arts, The Ohio State University, 1998
Christine Buci-Glucksmann, "L’art à l’époque du virtuel", in Frontières esthétiques de l’art, Arts 8, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2004
Frank Popper, Art of the Electronic Age, Thames & Hudson, 1997
Joline Blais and Jon Ippolito, At the Edge of Art, Thames & Hudson, 2006
Oliver Grau (2003). Virtual Art: From Illusion to Immersion (Leonardo Book Series). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press/Leonardo Books. .
Oliver Grau (Ed.): Media Art Histories, MIT Press/Leonardo Books, 2007.
Christiane Paul, Digital Art, Thames & Hudson
Donald Kuspit "Del Atre Analogico al Arte Digital" in Arte Digital Y Videoarte, Kuspit, D. ed., Consorcio del Circulo de Bellas Artes, Madrid, pp. 33–34 & 3 color images
Lopes, Dominic McIver. (2009). A Philosophy of Computer Art. London: Routledge
Robert C. Morgan Digital Hybrids, art press volume #255
Frank Popper, From Technological to Virtual Art, MIT Press/Leonardo Books, 2007
Alan Liu The Laws of Cool, Chicago Press, pp. 331–336 & 485-486
Bruce Wands Art of the Digital Age, London: Thames & Hudson
Donald Kuspit The Matrix of Sensations VI: Digital Artists and the New Creative Renaissance
Frank Popper, Origins and Development of Kinetic Art, Studio Vista and New York Graphic Society, 1968
Frank Popper, Die Kinetische Kunst-Licht und Bewegung, Umweltkunst und Aktion, Dumont Schauberg, 1975
Frank Popper, Le Déclin de l'objet, Le Chêne, 1975
Lev Manovich (2001). [Leonardo Books, The Language of New Media] Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press/Leonardo Books.
Dick Higgins, ‘Intermedia’ (1966), reprinted in Donna De Salvo (ed.), Open Systems Rethinking Art c. 1970, London: Tate Publishing, 2005
Nicolas Bourriaud, (1997) Relational Aesthetics, Dijon: Les Presses du Réel, 2002, orig. 1997
Rainer Usselmann, (2003) "The Dilemma of Media Art: Cybernetic Serendipity at the ICA London" , Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press/Leonardo Journal - Volume 36, Number 5, October 2003, pp. 389–396
Charlie Gere, (2002) Digital Culture, Reaktion
Lev Manovich, Ten Key Texts on Digital Art: 1970-2000 Leonardo - Volume 35, Number 5, October 2002, pp. 567–569
Paul Brown, Charlie Gere, Nicholas Lambert, Catherine Mason (editors) (2006) White Heat Cold Logic: British Computer Art 1960–1980, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
Mark Hansen, (2004) New Philosophy for New Media, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
Frank Popper, Art—Action and Participation, New York University Press, 1975
Frank Popper, Origins and Development of Kinetic Art, New York Graphic Society/Studio Vista, 1968
Frank Popper, Réflexions sur l'exil, l'art et l'Europe : Entretiens avec Aline Dallier, Klincksieck, 1998
Yucef Merhi, Artists' Fellowship - 2009 Digital/Electronic Arts, New York Foundation for the Arts, 2009
Margot Lovejoy Digital Currents: Art in the Electronic Age, Routledge, 2004
Frank Popper Ecrire sur l'art : De l'art optique a l'art virtuel, L'Harmattan, 2007
Fred Forest Art et Internet, Editions Cercle D'Art / Imaginaire Mode d'Emploi
Edward A. Shanken Selected Writings on Art and Technology http://artexetra.com
Edward A. Shanken Art and Electronic Media. London: Phaidon, 2009.
Norman M. Klein, "Spaces Between: Traveling Through Bleeds, Apertures, and Wormholes Inside the Database Novel," in Third Person: Authoring and Exploring Vast Narratives, Pat Harrigan and Noah Wardip-Fruin (eds), Cambridge, A: MIT Press, 2009.
https://www.artplacer.com/what-is-digital-art-the-history-and-value-of-an-evolving-concept/
https://www.linearity.io/blog/digital-art/#:~:text=In%201969%2C%20Fluxus%20artist%20Allan,screen%20participants%20followed%20scripted%20prompts.
External links
Stephen Wilson: extensive list of "information arts" links
newArteest, list of prominent digital artists
New Media Art book (wiki edition)
Computer art
Electronics and society
Robotic art
Visual arts genres
Contemporary art
Digital art
Postmodern art
Conceptual art