Daun, Germany

Daun, Germany
Daun is a town in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the district seat and also the seat of the of Daun.
Geography
Location
The town lies in the , a part of the Eifel known for its volcanic history, geographical and geological features, and even ongoing activity today, including gases that sometimes well up from the earth. Daun lies south of the High Eifel on the river Lieser. Found from 2.5 to 3.5 km southeast of Daun’s town centre are the Dauner Maare, a group of three volcanic lakes separated almost wholly by only the walls of tuff between them. The town is home to the . Daun is furthermore a spa town and has mineral water springs.
Constituent communities
The district seat of Daun has 8,514 inhabitants (as of 31 December 2005, counting only those with their main residence in the town). Besides the main town, also called Daun (4,264 inhabitants), the municipal area also includes these outlying centres that were formerly self-administering municipalities:
History
The first settlement in the area came as early as the 7th century BC by which time the Celts had settled the fortified basalt mountain in Daun. The Romans, too, used this prominent hill in the Lieser valley as a watch post, as witnessed by Roman finds. The placename may have come from the Celtic-Roman word Dunum, meaning either “fence” or “fortified heights”, that is to say, a fort.
In the late 10th century, a castle complex belonging to the free Lords of Daun arose here. In 1075, Daun had its first documentary mention in a townsman named Adalbero de Duna.
In 1163, the free lords’ family died out. One of the family’s ministeriales, Richardus de Duna, took over his former Lord’s name and even the coat of arms with the Daun fretting. In 1337, Daun is mentioned for the first time as being a town. In 1346 came a grant of town rights along with market rights, and Daun became at the same time the location of a high court.
In 1712, the Electoral-Trier was built by the Elector of Trier and Archbishop Karl-Josef on the Burgberg ("Castle Mountain"). After a transitory occupation by the French beginning in 1794, the village passed in 1815 to the Kingdom of Prussia. In 1817, Daun became seat of the district and an mayoralty, and also at the same time a district administrator’s seat. Since 1947, it has been part of the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Beginning in 1951, Daun could once more call itself a town.
On 15 May 1895, Daun was linked to the German railway network with the (Cross Eifel Railway). On 1 December 1909, a further railway line, the to Wittlich came into service. All public rail transport, however, ended in Daun more than a decade ago, although a two-hourly daytime service for tourists has been running in the summertime since 2005 on part of the . The , on the other hand, was torn up about a decade ago and has since become the , a cycle path.
In 1965, Daun became a garrison town, housing at the Heinrich Hertz Barracks, among others, two signal corps units and one signals intelligence unit.
Politics
Town council
The council is made up of 12 council members, who were elected at the municipal election held on 25. May 2014, and the mayor as chairman.
Mayor
Daun’s mayor is Friedhelm Marder (CDU).
Coat of arms
The town’s arms might be described thus: Or fretty gules.
The arms now borne by the town are the ones once borne by the Lords of Daun, and date from the 13th century. When the Lords died out, the town passed to the Electorate of Trier, thus explaining the Cross of Trier that appeared in seals dating from the 16th and following centuries. The current arms, however, are the Lords’ original ones.
The Armorial Wijnbergen, dating from c. 1270 - c. 1285, includes Ferry II of Daun, lord of Oberstein (blazon: Argent fretty sable).
Town partnerships
Daun fosters partnerships with the following places:
Carisolo, Trentino, Italy since 4 April 2004
Culture and sightseeing
Natural monuments
A maar is a broad-low relief volcanic crater often filled with rainwater. Tuff rings sometimes surround a maar. There are many in the Volcanic Eifel.
Buildings
Daun Castle (Dauner Burg)
Electoral-Trier (today a hotel) from 1712
Evangelical church (1865/67)
Tithe barn from 1740
Burgmann houses: ,
Railway viaduct from 1909
Saint Nicholas’s Catholic Parish Church, west tower and crypt Romanesque, mid 13th century, new building work done between 1946 and 1969
Railway station building, roof with half-hipped gables, 1895
Former Evangelical graveyard with elaborate grave markers from the 19th century
Former mayoral building
(cross) from about 1825 (at the marketplace)
Former (“Emperor’s Fountain”), 1911, warriors’ memorial from after 1945 (at the former district administrator’s office)
Former district administrator’s office, 1830/31, today the Volcano Museum
Former recreation home of the department store chain Leonhard Tietz, 1910
Former court from 1860 (today a savings bank branch)
Warriors’ memorial 1870/71
Former school building from about 1910/20 (today a civil registry office)
Museums
Volcano Museum, Daun (Vulkanmuseum Daun) – about volcanic and other geological phenomena.
Regular events
Every other year, the ("Crime Novel Festival, Crime Scene Eifel") is held in Daun, to which come notable crime fiction authors from all over German-speaking Europe. Within the framework of this festival, the (“German Short Crime Story Prize”) is awarded.
The begins each year on the Saturday after the first Wednesday in August and lasts five days. It is among the Eifel’s biggest folk festivals.
(a mountainbike marathon through the Eifel mountains, also: VulkanBike trailpark, VulkanBike extreme and VulkanBike crosscountry)
(walk)
(“Late-August Airfield Festival”)
Spring Festival
Economy and infrastructure
Established businesses
Near Daun are the Heinrich Hertz Barracks, which house, among other units:
93 (Signal Corps Division 93)
931 (SKB; Signal Intelligence section 931)
Parts of the service centre (WV)
Daun Medical Centre (ZSan)
Media
In Daun there are an “open channel” and local editions of the , the and the . Daun also has a multiplex cinema, the .
Education
General:
Primary school
Vocational:
(nursing)
(geriatric care)
Special schools:
Other schools:
Music school
(Training centre of the Federal Agency for Labour)
Clubs
Sport:
Transport
Daun is linked to the Autobahn A 1. Also, 421 and 257 lead through the town. The town is linked to the railway network through the railway station on the Cross Eifel Railway, running from Gerolstein to Andernach, but the line is currently closed between Kaisersesch and Gerolstein, including through Daun.
Notable people
Karl Fleschen (1955– ), runner and Olympian
Pascal "Pommes" Hens (1980– ), national handball player, handball world champion 2007
Andreas Schäfer (1983– ), footballer
Count Leopold Joseph von Daun (1705 – 1766), Austrian field marshal from the Holy Roman Empire noble family originating in Daun.
Further reading
Martina Knichel: "Gilles von Daun (1318-1358), Ritter und Räuber. Aus der Geschichte des Wanderns." - In: Jahrbuch für westdeutsche Landesgeschichte, 35 (2009), S. 73-86.
Ingrid Schumacher, Gilles. Egidius von Daun und seine Zeit, Daun 2002
Generaldirektion Kulturelles Erbe Rheinland-Pfalz (Hrsg.): . Koblenz 2010.
References
External links
Vulkaneifel
Populated places in the Eifel