Glencoe, Illinois

Glencoe, Illinois
Glencoe is a lakefront village in northeastern Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,849. Glencoe is part of Chicago's North Shore and is located within the New Trier High School District.
History
Opinions differ about the origins of the village's name. Some attribute it to an early resident, Matthew Coe. Others say it is named for the area of Scotland of the same name. It developed in the late 19th century around a railroad stop. Former Chicago mayor Walter S. Gurnee had become president of the line connecting Chicago and Milwaukee, and often bought up and developed land around railroad stops. Thus, one historian believes the name derives from the maiden name of Gurnee's wife, since Gurnee bought the land in 1867 and began subdivision, although financial problems prevented him from building a home there and he returned to New York for his final years. The village's first seal was based on the seal of Glencoe, Scotland.
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, many elegant homes were built in Glencoe. Most notably, the village is home to the world's third largest collection of Frank Lloyd Wright structures: the Ravine Bluff subdivision contains seven houses, a concrete bridge and three sculptural markers. There are also two larger, individually built homes, located nearby Ravine Bluffs. In addition to Wright, there are houses designed by Howard Van Doren Shaw, David Adler, Robert E. Seyfarth and George Washington Maher, among others.
Glencoe has had an African American population since 1883 when Glencoe was a stop on the Underground Railroad. and in 1920 the African American community in Glencoe grew to 676 residents. Many in the black community lived within a five-square block area near what is now Vernon Avenue from Washington to Jackson streets. Homes in this area were close together in accordance with the city planner's 20-foot wide alleys. In 1920 the city of Glencoe decided to "make Glencoe clean" by seizing African American housing with eminent domain. The city razed the homes and created a park where they used to be. The African American population in 1930 numbered 313 members and 176 in the 2000 census.
Homer Wilson was the first Black property owner in Glencoe. He went on to mortgage his home to found the St. Paul AME Church which is still active in Glencoe under the leadership of Katrese Kirk McKenzie. Glencoe beaches were not integrated until 1942 when a court injunction allowed the sale of beach passes for the (formerly white-only) Park Avenue beach to the family that requested them, A.L. Foster, his wife, Mildred and their two sons who lived at 379 Jefferson.
Glencoe has a Village Manager form of government. It had one of the first public safety departments (combined police/fire/paramedic). In 1921 Glencoe adopted the first zoning code in Illinois. Its land-use plan, adopted in 1940, has been adhered to with minor changes since then. For example, when the homes in the African American community were demolished to make a park. The allowed uses outlined on the 1940 zoning map is predominantly a single-family residential area, with no industrial uses. It has a small cohesive central business district that provides most basic services, including post office, library, Village Hall, performing arts theatre, train station (to Chicago), and other shopping needs.
Since the late 20th century, for 20 years the village has had redevelopment of smaller homes. They have been torn down and replaced by larger homes, spurring debate on historic preservation, the effects of an increasingly wealthy demographic, and rising property taxes.
In addition to such private development, during this time, the village has completed major reconstruction of its street and sidewalk network. The village installed brick sidewalks and period street lights in the business district. Many public buildings have been or are being remodelled or expanded, including the public schools, Village Hall, library, Park District Community Center, and refrigerated outdoor ice rink. The building housing the Glencoe Woman's Club (formerly Woman's Library Club) was torn down. It was replaced by a new building, designed by Jeanne Gang, that houses Writers Theatre. The new building opened to the public in 2016. The private golf clubs (Lake Shore Country Club and Skokie Country Club) have also conducted major remodeling, additions, and reconstruction.
Geography
Glencoe is located at (42.131602, -87.761026).
According to ford Cohen census gazetteer files, Glencoe has a total area of , of which (or 98.39%) is land and (or 1.61%) is water.
Glencoe is located on the west side of Lake Michigan. It is separated from wells and suburbs to the north and west by more than of the Cook County Forest Preserve natural forest area. Three golf clubs also buffer it, with the private Lake Shore Country Club on the north, the public Glencoe Golf Club (operated by the village of Glencoe) on the northwest, and the private Skokie Country Club on the west.
The village is surrounded on three sides by upper-income communities, with Highland Park on the north, Northbrook on the west, and Winnetka to the south. The Skokie Lagoons are located in the forest preserve to the immediate west of the village. The same forest preserve has a bicycle trail that connects to other forest preserves to the south. In the village, the Green Bay Trail allows bicyclists to travel as far south as Wilmette and north past Lake Forest. The highest point of elevation in Glencoe is above sea level along Green Bay Road in the northern part of the village.
Southern boundary
Glencoe's southern border with Winnetka cuts through 58 homes, forcing homeowners to pay taxes to and seek permits from both villages. The two villages began discussing a solution in 1920s, reaching a tentative agreement in 2007 in which each homeowner could choose a village from which to receive services while the boundary officially remained unchanged. Initially, 46 homeowners chose Winnetka, but the others had the option to choose a village later. The boundary was later updated to reflect these choices.
Demographics
As of the 2020 census there were 8,849 people, 3,302 households, and 2,563 families residing in the village. The population density was . There were 3,176 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 87.3% White, 1.0% African American, 0.1% Native American, 4.3% Asian, <0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.1% from other races, and 6.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.2% of the population.
There were 3,302 households, out of which 38.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.96% were married couples living together, 5.33% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.38% were non-families. 21.11% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.14 and the average family size was 2.67.
The village's age distribution consisted of 27.9% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 14.1% from 25 to 44, 30.7% from 45 to 64, and 21.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $195,600, and the median income for a family was $250,001. Males had a median income of $136,111 versus $66,384 for females. The per capita income for the village was $121,589, placing Glencoe among the 20 wealthiest communities in the United States. About 0.7% of families and 1.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.2% of those under age 18 and 2.4% of those age 65 or over.
Arts and culture
Points of interest
Chicago Botanic Garden
Cook County Forest Preserves
Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Sylvan Road Bridge (concrete) (1915 design)
Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Ravine Bluffs Subdivision entry light/planter monuments at Sylvan/Franklin and at Franklin/Meadow (circa 1915)
North Shore Congregation Israel synagogue designed by Minoru Yamasaki
Glencoe Metra station (circa 1891)
Glencoe Sailing Beach
Skokie Lagoons
Am Shalom Synagogue
St. Paul A.M.E. Church
Writers Theatre
Glencoe Historical Society
Glencoe Beach
Library
Glencoe is served by the Glencoe Public Library. The original library was located in the former Hawthorne School. A new library opened in 1941.
Media
Local media covering news in Glencoe include The Glencoe Anchor, Winnetka-Glencoe Patch, TribLocal and Pioneer Press. The Free Press, a social scientific book publisher, was founded in Glencoe in 1947; it was sold and moved to New York City in 1960.
Filming location
Scenes from the films Ferris Bueller's Day Off, and Sixteen Candles, were filmed in Glencoe.
The Glencoe train station is featured in scenes from Flags of Our Fathers, and She's Having a Baby.
The 2011 film Contagion has scenes filmed in Glencoe.
Notable people
Curt Anderson Maryland legislator, grew up in Glencoe
Michael Bloomfield, blues musician/guitarist/composer, lived in Glencoe
Leo Burnett, advertising executive and the founder of Leo Burnett Company
Carl B. Camras, an American ophthalmologist known for his research on the treatment of glaucoma, was born in Glencoe
Marshall Chess, record producer, lived in Glencoe
Ann Compton, former news reporter and White House correspondent for ABC News Radio; grew up in Glencoe
Douglas Conant, CEO of the Campbell Soup Company; grew up in Glencoe
Bruce Dern, actor
Nick Foles, quarterback for the Chicago Bears; resided in Glencoe from 2020 to 2022
Paris Grey, singer ("Big Fun (song)"); ("Good Life (Inner City song)");(Inner City (band))
Brian Griese, quarterback for the Chicago Bears; lived in Glencoe briefly
Granville D. Hall, early and longtime village clerk, journalist, former president of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad and first Secretary of State of West Virginia
Rick Hahn, Chicago White Sox general manager, lives in Glencoe
Charles Henry Howard, Brevet Brigadier General for the Union Army during the American Civil War; was also the head of the school board at Central School, and was the first president of the New Trier High School school board; was President of the Village of Glencoe from 1891 to 1892
Walter Jacobson, former Chicago television news personality and a current Chicago radio news personality; grew up in Glencoe
Len Kasper, announcer for the Chicago White Sox; resides in Glencoe
Frank King, cartoonist (Gasoline Alley); lived in Glencoe
Alan M. Krensky, National Institutes of Health deputy director; Stanford University associate dean; grew up in Glencoe
Eric Lefkofsky, billionaire entrepreneur, private equity investor, and venture capitalist; co-founder of Groupon; resides in Glencoe
Zoe Levin, actress and star of Bonding, moved to Glencoe when she was 11.
Khalil Mack, linebacker for the Chicago Bears; resided in Glencoe from 2018 to 2021
Archibald MacLeish, poet; three-time Pulitzer Prize winner; Librarian of Congress (1939–1944); provides ongoing inspiration to the Men's Library Club (MLC); born in Glencoe
Fred Miller, offensive tackle for the Chicago Bears, Tennessee Titans, and St. Louis Rams; lived in Glencoe
Newton N. Minow, former Chair of the Federal Communications Commission
Harold Ramis, comedian, actor, and director (Ghostbusters, Groundhog Day, Caddyshack)
Betty Robinson, Olympic gold medalist; former fastest woman in the world; lived in Glencoe
Ben Savage, actor (Boy Meets World); lived in Glencoe as a child
Fred Savage, actor and director (The Wonder Years, The Princess Bride); lived in Glencoe as a child
Robert Shea, co-author of the Illuminatus! trilogy.
James Simpson Jr., Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
Gene Siskel, film critic and journalist for the Chicago Tribune
Ellen Spertus, former research scientist at Google, grew up in Glencoe
Melville Elijah Stone, newspaper publisher, founder of the Chicago Daily News, general manager of the Associated Press
Kenneth S. Suslick, the world's leading expert on the chemical and physical effects of ultrasound; grew up in Glencoe
Clifford Tabin, chairman, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School; grew up in Glencoe
Lili Taylor, actress (Mystic Pizza, I Shot Andy Warhol, Six Feet Under); born in Glencoe
Paul Thomas (director) (aka Phil Toubus) actor, director
Mike Tomczak, quarterback for the Chicago Bears; lived in Glencoe
Scott Turow, bestselling author; lived in Glencoe
Peter Van de Graaff, singer and radio personality; grew up in Glencoe
James Wilkerson, Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois
In popular culture
Glencoe in the 1970s and 1980s is recalled as the backdrop of the coming-of-age memoir Lake Effect, by author Rich Cohen. This introduced his "Jamie Drew" character, based on exploits of his fellow native Mark Varouxakis.
The plot of the film Mean Girls is set in Evanston on Chicago's North Shore. It refers to Glencoe in the quote "You go Glen-Coco".
Glencoe was the stated setting for the 1983 film Risky Business, starring Tom Cruise. The movie was filmed in neighboring Highland Park.
See also
References
External links
Village of Glencoe official website
Chicago metropolitan area
Populated places established in 1867
Villages in Cook County, Illinois
Villages in Illinois
1869 establishments in Illinois