PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Stirrup pants

Stirrup pants or stirrup leggings are a type of close-fitting women's pants that taper at the ankle, similar to leggings, except that the material extends to a band, or strap, that is worn under the arch of the foot to hold the pant leg in place. The band of material is often elasticized to prevent the material around the foot from tearing. Stirrup pants were originally sportswear for women, and remain sportswear for horse riding and skiing. However, they have come in and out of fashion during the 20th and early 21st centuries, peaking in popularity as street fashion during the 1980s to the mid 1990s .
History
Stirrup pants were first worn as jodhpurs for horse riders. The purpose of the strap under the foot was to hold the pant legs in place in the boots of the rider. As ladies moved away from riding sidesaddle, they began wearing riding breeches in the 1920s in a similar style to those worn by men. By 1934, Jodhpurs as riding pants with foot straps were being advertised in the United States mail order catalogue for Sears. Horse riding breeches are still made with an elastic foot strap in some designs. Stirrup pants for skiing were introduced at the 1936 Winter Olympic Games in Germany.
Stirrup stretch pants were a mainstay of ski wear for both men and women during most of the 1960s and part of the 1970s. In the 1960s this style was used for women's and girls' stirrup pants. They were popular for several years as shown in clothing catalogs of the day, such as J.C.Penney, Sears, and Montgomery Ward.
Stirrup pants became a popular casual fashion for women in Europe and America from the mid-1980s to the early to mid 1990s. In 1985, Linda Pender wrote in Cincinnati Magazine that stirrup pants were "being touted as the wardrobe basic of the year, and everybody is buying them". On the one hand, the style was promoted as being "easy to wear" and giving "most figures a long, lean line"; on the other hand, a salesclerk pointed out to Pender that the style was not flattering unless the wearer was "slim and fit". They would be worn with an oversized shirt, sweatshirt or sweater and slouch socks worn over them with casual sneakers such as Keds, athletic sneakers or boat shoes. And it was just as popular to wear the stirrup pants with pantyhose or tights under the stirrup pants with the oversized tops and ballet flats making the pantyhose or tights visible at the foot up to the a little above the ankle area. For a time there was even denim stirrup pants and dress pants with stirrups. Leggings in general became fashionable streetwear during the 1980s, as did sweatshirts especially oversized style, leg warmers, slouch socks, leotards, body suits and other items that originated in sports and dance studios.
See also
Sportswear (activewear)
Breeches
Jodhpurs
Trouser clips
Capri pants
References
Sportswear
Trousers and shorts
كيفن إيفانز (توضيح)

كيفن إيفانز (توضيح)
قد يقصد من «كيفن إيفانز» :
فريدريك جوستين (لاعب كريكت)

فريدريك جوستين (لاعب كريكت)
فريدريك جوستين (30 أكتوبر 1894 في المملكة المتحدة - 19 سبتمبر 1967 في المملكة المتحدة) هو لاعب كريكت بريطاني وبريطاني (وحمل سابقاً جنسية المملكة المتحدة لبريطانيا العظمى وأيرلندا). لعب مع .
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أفراد الجيش البريطاني في الحرب العالمية الأولى
ضباط المدفعية الملكية البريطانية
لاعبو كريكت إنجليز
لاعبو كريكت من داربيشير
لاعبو كريكت من ستافوردشاير
مواليد 1894
وفيات 1967
جيمس ريفيير

جيمس ريفيير هو فنان إيطالي ومصمم ونحات وصائغ. يعتبر المعلم الأكثر أهمية في فن المجوهرات في القرن الواحد والعشرين.
توجد مجوهرات جيمس ريفيير في أهم المجموعات الخاصة في العالم وفي العديد من المتاحف. من بينها سوار «مونوليت» (متحف اللوف، متحف اللوفر)، في مجموعة بيت ويندسور في متحف فكتوريا.وألبرت (متحف فيكتوريا وألبرت) في لندن.
مراجع
مصممو مجوهرات إيطاليون
مواليد 1949
نحاتون إيطاليون
نحاتون ونحاتات إيطاليون
كلنباخ

كلنباخ
بلدة كلنباخ (بالأَلمانِيَّة: Gemeinde Kellenbach) هي بَلدَة أَلمانِيَّة في مِنطَقَة بَاد كرُويتسٌنَآخ التَّابِعة لِمُحافظة كُوبلنز في وِلاَية رَآينٌ لَاند - بفَآلز في جُمهُوريَّة أَلمَانيَا الاِتّحاديّة بمِساحة تُقَدَّر بحَوالَي 8 كم².
وَصلات خارجيّة
الصّفحة الرّسميّة لِبَلدَة كِلِّنٌبَآَخ (باللُّغَة الأَلمانِيَّة).
مَراجع
اتحاد كيرن - لاند
بالاتينات
بلديات راينلند بالاتينات
منطقة باد كرويتسناخ
غادمة غتر (مقاطعة ديواندرة)

غادمة غتر (مقاطعة ديواندرة)
غادمة غتر هي قرية تقع في قسم قراتورة الريفي (مقاطعة ديواندرة) في إيران. يقدر عدد سكانها بـ 341 نسمة بحسب إحصاء 2016.
انظر أيضاً
قائمة مدن إيران
مراجع
أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة ديواندارة
بلدات وقرى في مقاطعة ديواندرة
قائمة قرارات مجلس الأمن التابع للأمم المتحدة لعام 2007

قائمة قرارات مجلس الأمن التابع للأمم المتحدة لعام 2007
تتضمن قائمة قرارات مجلس الأمن التابع للأمم المتحدة لعام 2007 جميع القرارات الصادرة عن مجلس الأمن التابع للأمم المتحدة خلال العام 2007.
القائمة
المرجع
قوائم قرارات مجلس الأمن التابع للأمم المتحدة حسب السنة
بان زركة (كولكني)

بان زركة (كولكني)
بان زركة هي قرية تقع في إيران في قسم كولكني الريفي. يقدر عدد سكانها بـ 135 نسمة بحسب إحصاء 2016.
انظر أيضاً
قائمة مدن إيران
مراجع
أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة درة شهر
Darezhan Omirbaev

Darezhan Omirbaev (Darejan Omırbaev; born 15 March 1958) is a Kazakh film director and screenwriter.
Work
Omirbaev has directed nine films since 1982; six features, one medium length digital film, and three shorts. His second short, Shilde, shot in black and white, is autobiographical, as are his first two features Kairat (also shot in black and white) and Cardiogram, which premiered at the 52nd edition of the Venice Film Festival, winning the CICT/UNESCO Prize. Tueur à gages, a crime story inspired by Tolstoy's "The Forged Coupon", screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Prize Un Certain Regard.
Jol, Omirbaev's subsequent film, was a return to autobiography, a poetic story of a filmmaker in the vein of 8 1/2, starring Tajik filmmaker Djamshed Usmonov. About Love, based on a story by Chekhov but also a kind of sequel to Kairat, was Omirbaev's contribution to the Jeonju Film Festival's annual collection of short digital pieces commissioned from filmmakers around the world.
Shuga and Student were departures for Omirbaev, both based on literary works - respectively, Tolstoy's Anna Karenina and Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment. Student competed in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival.
Filmography
Zhizn (short) (1982)
July (short) (1988)
Kairat (1992)
Cardiogram (1995)
Killer (1998)
The Road (2001)
About Love (medium-length film included in Digital Sam in Sam Saek 2006: Talk to Her) (2006)
Shuga (2007)
Student (2012)
Reverence (Documentary short, co-directed by Olga Korotko) (2013)
Poet (2021)
Last Screening (short) (2022)
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1958 births
Living people
Kazakhstani film directors
Kazakhstani screenwriters
Maladaptation

Maladaptation
In evolution, a maladaptation is a trait that is (or has become) more harmful than helpful, in contrast with an adaptation, which is more helpful than harmful. All organisms, from bacteria to humans, display maladaptive and adaptive traits. In animals (including humans), adaptive behaviors contrast with maladaptive ones. Like adaptation, maladaptation may be viewed as occurring over geological time, or within the lifetime of one individual or a group.
It can also signify an adaptation that, whilst reasonable at the time, has become less and less suitable and more of a problem or hindrance in its own right, as time goes on. This is because it is possible for an adaptation to be poorly selected or become more of a dysfunction than a positive adaptation, over time.
It can be noted that the concept of maladaptation, as initially discussed in a late 19th-century context, is based on a flawed view of evolutionary theory. It was believed that an inherent tendency for an organism's adaptations to degenerate would translate into maladaptations and soon become crippling if not "weeded out" (see also eugenics). In reality, the advantages conferred by any one adaptation are rarely decisive for survival on its own, but rather balanced against other synergistic and antagonistic adaptations, which consequently cannot change without affecting others.
In other words, it is usually impossible to gain an advantageous adaptation without incurring "maladaptations". Consider a seemingly trivial example: it is apparently extremely hard for an animal to evolve the ability to breathe well in air and in water. Better adapting to one means being less able to do the other.
Examples
A term used known as neuroplasticity is defined as "the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life". Neuroplasticity is seen as an adaptation that helps humans to adapt to new stimuli, especially through motor functions in musically inclined people, as well as several other hand-eye coordination activities. An example of maladaptation in neuroplasticity within the evolution of the brain is phantom pain in individuals who have lost limbs. While the brain is exceptionally good at responding to stimuli and reorganizing itself in a new way to then later respond even better and faster in the future, it is sometimes unable to cope with the loss of a limb, even though the neurological connections are lost. According to the findings of one journal "Adaptation and Maladaptation" in some cases, the changes that had previously aided the human brain to best suit an environment could also become maladaptive. In this case, with the loss of a limb, the brain is perceiving pain, though there are no nerves or signals from the now missing limb to give the brain that perception.
See also
Black robin
Ecological traps
Evolutionary mismatch
Maladaptive coping
References
All articles with unsourced statements
Evolutionary biology
Selection
موت القلب (رواية)

موت القلب (رواية)
موت القلب هي رواية للكاتبة البريطانية إليزابيث بوين، نشرت عام 1938، لأول مرة عن دار نشر كنوبف.
مراجع
روايات أيرلندية في القرن 20
روايات إليزابيث بوين
روايات بريطانية حولت إلى عروض تلفزيونية
روايات بريطانية في 1938
روايات تجري أحداثها في لندن
روايات عن اليتيم
روايات متلفزة
كتب نشرتها شركة ألفريد أ. كنوف للنشر
إيطاليو كرواتيا

إيطاليو كرواتيا، أحد المجموعات العرقية جمهورية كرواتيا من أصل إيطالي، ويُعترف بهم رسمياً في الدستور كأقلية وطنية أصيلة، ولذلك فإن لهم الحق في انتخاب ممثل خاص لهم في البرلمان الكرواتي.
هناك مجموعتان رئيسيتان من الإيطاليين في كرواتيا على أساس المنشأ الجغرافي:
إيطاليو إستريا
إيطاليو دالماسيا
مراجع
إيطاليو كرواتيا
العلاقات الإيطالية الكرواتية
إيطاليون
شتات إيطالي حسب البلد
كرواتيون من أصل إيطالي
مجموعات عرقية في كرواتيا
سانتياغو لوبيز (توضيح)

سانتياغو لوبيز (توضيح)
قد يقصد من «سانتياغو لوبيز» :
صفحات توضيح أشخاص
متحف كي لا ننسى

متحف كي لا ننسى يعتبر من أهم المتاحف على ارض الكويت لأنه يحكي الحوادث المؤثره التي حدثت في الغزو العراقي، يعرض المتحف أهم المقتنيات الموجوده في ذاك الوقت من اسلحه وتقنيات واجهزه وغيرها، وصور اثناء الغزو للعنف من قبل الضباط العراقيين وللتفجيرات والشهداء الذين ماتوا في الغزو ، تم افتتاح المتحف بعد الغزو بفتره وجيزه وسمي بهذا الاسم لكي لاينسى الكويتيين تلك الايام العصيبة، ويعتبر المتحف من الوجهات السياحيه الأولى في الكويت.
المراجع
متاحف الكويت
Galina Chistyakova

Galina Chistyakova
Galina Valentinovna Chistyakova (born 26 July 1962) is a retired athlete who represented the Soviet Union and later Slovakia. She is the current world record holder in the long jump, jumping 7.52 metres on 11 June 1988. She is the 1988 Olympic bronze medalist and the 1989 World Indoor champion. She is also a former world record holder (pre IAAF) in the triple jump with 14.52 metres in 1989.
Biography
Born in Izmail, Ukrainian SSR, Chistyakova trained at Burevestnik in Moscow. Competing in long jump, Galina Chistyakova won the 1985 European Indoor Championships and a silver medal at the European Championships one year later. In 1988 she managed to win an Olympic bronze medal in Seoul as well as jumping 7.52 metres, the current world record for women. More gold medals at Indoor Championships followed, and in 1990 she even won the first triple jump event held at the European Indoor Championships. Later that year she underwent a knee operation but never returned to her old form.
After the dissolution of the Soviet Union she became a Russian citizen. At the end of her career she received Slovak citizenship and represented Slovakia. She used to hold the Slovak triple jump record with 14.41 metres, achieved in July 1996 in London. This mark was bettered by Dana Velďáková. Married to retired triple jumper Aleksander Beskrovnyi, the couple now lives in Slovakia.
International competitions
Records
References
External links
1962 births
Living people
People from Izmail
Athletes (track and field) at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for the Soviet Union
Olympic bronze medalists for the Soviet Union
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Slovakia
World Athletics record holders
Burevestnik (sports society) sportspeople
Ukrainian female long jumpers
Ukrainian female triple jumpers
Slovak female long jumpers
Slovak female triple jumpers
Soviet female long jumpers
Soviet female triple jumpers
European Athletics Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
Goodwill Games medalists in athletics
CIS Athletics Championships winners
World Athletics Indoor Championships winners
Competitors at the 1986 Goodwill Games
Friendship Games medalists in athletics
Sportspeople from Odesa Oblast
Naturalized citizens of Slovakia
Naturalised sports competitors
Honoured Masters of Sport of the USSR
HIST1H1A

HIST1H1A
Histone H1.1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST1H1A gene.
Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H1 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6.
References
Further reading
Michael Gilden

Michael Gilden
Michael Jeffrey Gilden (September 22, 1962 – December 5, 2006) was an American actor with dwarfism.
Biography
The -tall Gilden had a form of dwarfism. He lived and worked in Los Angeles.
Gilden performed or did stunt work in a variety of television series and films, including Charmed, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Family Law, Cybill, NCIS and Pulp Fiction (the page in the Jack Rabbit Slim scene), and had a role as an Ewok in the film Return of the Jedi. He appeared twice in Season 4 of the hit series NCIS. Gilden was also a Financial Advisor.
In August 1997, he met Meredith Eaton through mutual friends in Atlanta, Georgia. Gilden encouraged Eaton to pursue a career in acting, and she became an actress in 1999. The couple married on May 20, 2001.
Gilden died by suicide on December 5, 2006, in his Los Angeles home. He was 44.
Filmography
Film
References
External links
Michael Gilden at Find a Grave
1962 births
2006 deaths
2006 suicides
20th-century American male actors
Actors with dwarfism
American actors with disabilities
American male film actors
Burials at Eden Memorial Park Cemetery
Male actors from Los Angeles
Suicides by hanging in California
الباحثون (فيلم)

الباحثون (فيلم)
الباحثون هو فيلم غرب أمريكي تم إنتاجه في سنة 1956. الفيلم من إخراج جون فورد وبطولة الممثل جون وين. شارك في بطولة الفيلم الممثل جيفري هنتر. بمشاركة الممثلة ناتالي وود. الفيلم مقتبس عن رواية بنفس العنوان. عام 1989 اختارت مكتبة الكونغرس إدراج الفيلم في السجل الوطني للفيلم. في عام 2008 اختار معهد الفيلم الأمريكي فيلم الباحثون كأهم فيلم من نوعه في قائمة أفضل 10 أفلام.
ملخص القصة
إيثان إدواردز (يقوم بدوره الممثل جون وين) هو من المحاربين القدامى في الحرب الأهلية الأمريكية. وحيد وليست لديه عائلة. بعد غياب سنوات عديدة يعود إلى بيت شقيقه. بعد أيام قلائل يُقتل أفراد عائلة أخيه في هجوم شنته جماعة كومانتش الهنود. تختطف ابنتا أخيه. ابن شقيق إيثان يقرر الذهاب والبحث عن أختيه. وكذلك ابن أخيه المتبنى مارتن بولي (يلعب دوره جيفري هنتر) يساعدهم أيضا في البحث.
في رحلة البحث لإنقاذ ابنة أخيه يقوم إيثان جورا بقتل كل الهنود الذين شاركوا أيضا في أعمال إجرامية. بعد خمسة سنوات طويلة من مطاردة هنود الكومانتش، ينجح إيثان برفقة ابن أخيه مارتن في استعادة ابنة أخيه ديبي (لعبت دورها الممثلة ناتالي وود).
روابط خارجية
المصادر
كوهمانتشي في الثقافة الشعبية
أفلام أخرجها جون فورد
أفلام أمريكية
أفلام الأرشيف الوطني الأمريكي السينمائي
أفلام إنتاج 1956
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية في عقد 1950
أفلام تقع أحداثها في تكساس
أفلام تقع أحداثها في عقد 1860
أفلام تقع أحداثها في عقد 1870
أفلام حولت إلى قصص مصورة
أفلام سجلها ماكس شتاينر
أفلام عن أشخاص مفقودين
أفلام عن الاختطاف
أفلام عن السكان الأصليين في الولايات المتحدة
أفلام غرب أمريكي أمريكية
أفلام غرب أمريكي إنتاج عقد 1950
أفلام مبنية على روايات أمريكية
أفلام مصورة في أريزونا
أفلام مصورة في إدمونتون
أفلام مصورة في كاليفورنيا
أفلام مصورة في كولورادو
أفلام مصورة في يوتا
أفلام ملحمية أمريكية
أفلام وارنر برذرز
أفلام أمريكية في عقد 1950
جيستوري

جيستوري، ، (سردينيا: Gèsturi) هي بلدية، في مقاطعة جنوب سردينيا، في منطقة سردينيا الإيطالية، وتقع على بعد حوالي 60 كم (37 ميل) شمال كالياري، وحوالي 20 كم (12 ميل) شمال شرق سانلوري، في مارميلا المنطقة التقليدية.
السكان
في سنة 1861 بلغ عدد السكان نسمة، وتطور العدد ليصل في سنة 2011 لـ نسمة.
مراجع
UNStudio

UNStudio (formerly Van Berkel en Bos Architectenbureau) is a Dutch architectural practice specializing in architecture, urban development and "infrastructural" projects. The practice was founded in 1988 by Ben van Berkel and Caroline Bos. The initials "UN" stand for United Network, a reference to the collaborative nature of the practice comprising individuals from various countries with backgrounds and technical training in numerous fields. In 2009 UNStudio Asia was established, with its first offices located in Shanghai and Hong Kong. UNStudio Asia is a full service office with a multinational team of all-round and specialist architects and is intricately connected to UNStudio Amsterdam. Further offices are located in Frankfurt, Dubai and Melbourne. UNStudio has an average work-force of 250+ employees and a management team made up of two co-founders and three partners, Astrid Piber, Gerard Loozekoot and Hannes Pfau.
Work
Based in Amsterdam, UNStudio has worked internationally since its inception and has produced a wide range of work ranging from public buildings, infrastructure, offices, living, products, to urban masterplans.
UNStudio projects include:
The office complex for the Education executive Agency and Tax Office in Groningen, Netherlands (under construction in 2011)
Erasmus Bridge, Rotterdam (1990–1996)
Electricity substation Amersfoort, Netherlands (1994)
The office complex La Defense, Almere (1999–2004)
The Möbius House, Gooi region (1993–1998)
Electricity substation in Innsbruck, Austria (2002)
The new Mercedes-Benz Museum in Stuttgart (2001–2006)
Theatre Agora in Lelystad (2002–2007)
VilLA NM, Sullivan County, New York, destroyed by fire in 2008
Five Franklin Place, New York City
MYchair for Walter Knoll
Star Place luxury shopping plaza in Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Music Theatre (MUMUTH) in Graz, Austria
Burnham Pavilion, Chicago
David the Builder Kutaisi International Airport, Kutaisi, Georgia
Arnhem Centraal station, Netherlands (1996-2015)
18 Septemberplein Renovation, The Netherlands
Doha Metro Network Stations, Qatar
Eclipse, Düsseldorf, Germany (in collaboration with HPP Architekten)
Echo building of Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (2022)
Former staff architects
Australian Institute of Architects award-winning architect Andrew Benn
Awards
World Winners Prix Versailles 2018
Projects gallery
References
Falk Jaeger: "UNSTUDIO", JOVIS Verlag Berlin 2009,
External links
UNStudio Homepage
UNStudio publications on Archello
Baunetz Crystal Talks series. Interview Ben van Berkel 2009
Interview with Ben van Berkel in The Leaf Review, January 2008
Interview with Ben van Berkel on The T-Machine
Interview with Ben van Berkel about What is architecture?, 2014
Designboom interview
ARCspace
UNStudio Projects
UNStudio on Architecture News Plus
Architecture firms of the Netherlands
German submarine U-1229

German submarine U-1229 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.
Design
German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-1229 had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . U-1229 was fitted with six torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a Flak M42 as well as two twin C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.
Service history
U-1229 was ordered on 14 October 1941 from Deutsche Werft AG Weser in Hamburg-Finkenwerder under the yard number 392. Her keel was laid down on 2 March 1943 and was launched on 22 October 1943. About three months later she was commissioned into service under the command of Kapitänleutnant Arnim Zinke (Crew 31) in the 31st U-boat Flotilla on 13 January 1944.
After completing training and work-up for deployment, U-1229 was transferred to the 10th U-boat Flotilla for front-line service on 1 August 1944. The U-boat left Kiel on 13 July 1944 for the first and only war patrol operating unsuccessfully against Allied shipping in the North Atlantic and off the coast of Canada. A special mission to infiltrate an Abwehr agent into the United States failed, when U-1229 was spotted south of Newfoundland by a Radar-equipped aircraft from and subsequently attacked by several more aircraft over a period of two hours. Having been heavily damaged in the initial air attack, U-1229 attempted to escape under water but was forced to surface again as poisonous fumes started to develop from the damaged battery sections. While the crew was abandoning ship, the U-boat was strafed by several aircraft resulting in the death of numerous crew members, including Zinke. In total 18 crew members died while 41 survivors were picked up by a US destroyer after seven hours in the water. One of the survivors was the experienced German intelligence agent Oskar Mantel.
References
Bibliography
World War II submarines of Germany
German Type IX submarines
1943 ships
Ships built in Hamburg
U-boats commissioned in 1944
U-boats sunk in 1944
U-boats sunk by US aircraft
Maritime incidents in August 1944
Free Libyana

Free Libyana or Libyana Al Hura is a mobile telephone network in Eastern Libya. It was created during the Libyan Civil War by disconnecting part of the Libyana mobile phone network from its central control in Tripoli and placing it under new control as an independent network.
References
External links
Libyana Al Hura information and status site at lytawasil.com
Telecommunications in Libya
First Libyan Civil War