Halifax County, North Carolina

Halifax County, North Carolina
Halifax County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,622. Its county seat is Halifax.
Halifax County is part of the Roanoke Rapids, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.
History
Halifax County is located in North Carolina's Coastal Plain region. The geography and history of the county were shaped by the Roanoke River, which forms its northern boundary. The county was formed from neighboring Edgecombe County in 1758. According to Preservation North Carolina, “Halifax County is one of the oldest counties in North Carolina with a rich history dating back to the earliest days of European settlement of North America. Over the years, Halifax County has provided North Carolina with more leaders – governors, congressmen, generals – than any other county in the state.”
Originally the area was home to Tuscarora Indians and then it was settled in the early 18th century by English colonists migrating south from Virginia and also from New Jersey. The town of Halifax developed along the banks of the Roanoke River and established itself as the trading center for goods passing from settlement to settlement. The Roanoke River played a major role in the county's development, so much so that Halifax County was even considered as a potential capital of North Carolina. It remained a prosperous county until the railroads usurped the river as the major form of transportation. After Halifax County separated from Edgecombe County, the town of Halifax became the county seat (Enfield was the original county seat when Halifax was part of Edgecombe County). All territory within the boundaries of Edgecombe County north of Fishing Creek and Rainbow Banks on the Roanoke River (approximately 711 square miles) was officially designated as Halifax County on January 1, 1759. The current Halifax County towns include Enfield, Hobgood, Littleton, Roanoke Rapids, Scotland Neck, and Weldon.
Besides having 40 sites on the National Register of Historic Places, Halifax County is also historically significant because of two events preceding the American Revolution. John Lord Carteret, the second Earl Granville, inherited a one-eighth share of Carolina territory originally granted to Sir George Carteret by the British Crown. The second Earl Granville administered the district (an area between the present Virginia-North Carolina border and a line about 65 miles south) from across the Atlantic, but there was little oversight and the land agents he put in charge of granting land, collecting rent and surveying for settlers – Edward Moseley, Francis Corbin and Thomas Child – were often accused of malfeasance by settlers and landowners.
On January 24, 1759, a group of men from Halifax and Edgecombe counties rode to Francis Corbin's house in Edenton and seized him during the night. The men were upset because Corbin had extorted money from them when collecting rents for Lord Granville who controlled the land on which they lived. Corbin was taken to Enfield, along with a co-conspirator Thomas Bodley – and the men were kept in jail for four days – until they agreed to acknowledge the corruption and set records straight. Enfield was the seat of the judicial district, including Northampton, Granville, and Edgecombe County, before Halifax became the county seat.
Although Corbin was eventually relieved of his duties by Lord Granville, a few months later a court accused the Halifax and Edgecombe men of kidnapping. The kidnappers were imprisoned in the Enfield jail and a second “riot” erupted on May 14, 1759, when a mob broke into the jail and freed the men who had kidnapped Corbin and Bodley. Distrust of the British Crown and the rule of royal governors continued to foment unrest in eastern North Carolina until the colony became the first of its peers to recommend American independence.
On April 12, 1776, the North Carolina Provincial Congress met in Halifax and passed a resolution known as the Halifax Resolves. The first resolution of its kind, the document instructed North Carolina's delegates to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia to vote for independence from Great Britain. The date of the Halifax Resolves is commemorated on the state's flag. Each year April 12 is celebrated as Halifax Day, with individuals in period costumes demonstrating colonial-era activities and craftsmanship.
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (1.0%) is water.
Some of Halifax County's natural attractions include Medoc Mountain State Park, Lake Gaston, and Roanoke Rapids Lake. Sylvan Bird Park in Scotland Neck is home to the world's largest collection of waterfowl. According to a North Carolina Deer Hunting 2016 -2017 study, Halifax County had the most number of harvested whitetail deer.
The Lakeland Arts Center, the Canal Arts Center, and the Roanoke Valley Players theater group are a few of the county's cultural institutions. With 328 seats and an 11-piece orchestra pit, Lakeland Theatre Company in Littleton marks several decades of showcasing plays and concerts. The Enfield Performing Arts Center had its first film festival in October 2017, featuring the work of local and nationally known film makers.
With 195,896 acres in farmland, Halifax County agricultural products include tobacco, peanuts, cotton, corn, soybeans. In addition, Halifax County sits in the heart of the great southern wood basket. The southern forests produce 12 percent of the world's wood product and 19 percent of its pulp and paper.
State and local protected areas/sites
Brinkleyville Game Land
Embro Game Land (part)
Historic Halifax
Lake Gaston Day Use Area (part)
Lower Fishing Creek Game Land (part)
Medoc Mountain State Park
Roanoke Rapids Lake Day Use Area (part)
Shocco Creek Game Land (part)
Tillery Game Land
Upper Roanoke River Wetlands Game Land (part)
Major water bodies
Bear Swamp
Beaverdam Swamp
Deep Creek
Fishing Creek
Lake Gaston
Little Quankey Swamp
Marsh Swamp
Martin Swamp
Quankey Swamp
Roanoke Rapids Lake
Roanoke River
Rocky Swamp
Adjacent counties
Northampton County – north-northeast
Bertie County – east
Martin County – southeast
Edgecombe County – south
Nash County – south
Franklin County – southwest
Warren County – west
Major highways
Major infrastructure
Halifax County Motor Speedway
Halifax-Northampton Regional Airport
Demographics
2020 census
As of the 2020 census, there were 48,622 people, 21,017 households, and 13,680 families residing in the county.
2010 census
At the 2010 census, there were 54,691 people living in the county. 53.2% were Black or African American, 40.0% White, 3.8% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 1.1% of some other race and 1.2% of two or more races. 2.1% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race).
2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 57,370 people, 22,122 households, and 15,308 families living in the county. The population density was . There were 25,309 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 52.56% Black or African American, 42.57% White, 3.14% Native American, 0.54% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.47% from other races, and 0.71% from two or more races. 1.01% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 22,122 households, out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.10% were married couples living together, 20.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.80% were non-families. 27.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.06.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.20% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 27.70% from 25 to 44, 23.20% from 45 to 64, and 14.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 90.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.00 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $26,459, and the median income for a family was $33,515. Males had a median income of $28,025 versus $20,524 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,810. About 19.40% of families and 26.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.00% of those under age 18 and 22.40% of those age 65 or over.
Government and politics
Halifax County is a member of the regional Upper Coastal Plain Council of Governments. With its large African American population, Halifax County has long been a Democratic stronghold. The last Republican to carry the county in a presidential election was Richard Nixon in 1972.
Halifax County is part of North Carolina's 1st Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives, represented by Democrat Don Davis.
Halifax County is represented by Michael H. Wray in the 27th district in the North Carolina House of Representatives.
Communities
City
Roanoke Rapids (largest community)
Towns
Enfield
Halifax (county seat)
Hobgood
Littleton
Scotland Neck
Weldon
Townships
Brinkleyville
Butterwood
Conoconnara
Enfield
Faucett
Halifax
Hobgood
Littleton
Palmyra
Roanoke Rapids
Roseneath
Scotland Neck
Weldon
Census-designated places
Hollister
South Rosemary
South Weldon
Unincorporated communities
Aurelian Springs
Brinkleyville
Charleston
Essex
Heathsville
Notable people
Willis Alston – U.S. Congress
John R. Bryant – N.C. Senate
Walter Clark (judge) – chief justice, N.C. Supreme Court
John Crowell – politician
Joseph J. Daniel – justice, N.C. Supreme Court
John Eaton – diplomat, U.S. Senator, U.S. Secretary of War
Henry Eppes – N.C. Senate
W. T. J. Hayes – politician
Isaac H. Hilliard – planter and cotton factor
James Hogun – general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War
William H. Kitchin – U.S. Congressman
James Robert McLean – Confederate politician and soldier
William Rabun – Governor of Georgia
John Sitgreaves – U.S. District Court judge
Maurice Smith – former professional football player
Starling Tucker – politician in South Carolina
Mary Welch – Broadway actress
Tom Winslow – folk singer and writer
See also
List of counties in North Carolina
National Register of Historic Places listings in Halifax County, North Carolina
Haliwa-Saponi, state-recognized tribe that resides in the county
References
External links
NCGenWeb Halifax County, genealogy resources for the county
1758 establishments in North Carolina
Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina micropolitan area
Populated places established in 1758
Black Belt (U.S. region)
Majority-minority counties in North Carolina