Calyptraeidae

Calyptraeidae
The Calyptraeidae are a family of small to medium-sized marine prosobranch gastropods.
This family includes the slipper snails (Crepidula species), the Chinese hat snails, (Calyptraea species), and the cup-and-saucer snails (Crucibulum species) among others.
The Calyptraeidae are the only family in the superfamily Calyptraeoidea. This family has no subfamilies according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.
Crepidula fornicata was brought to Europe on imported American oysters in the late 19th century and is now considered a significant pest in European oyster beds.
Description
Internally, the shell is distinguished by a shelf-like, cup-like, or half-cup-like structure used for muscle attachment. Some calyptraeids have shells that externally resemble those of limpets, so species in the genus Crepidula are often called slipper limpets. However, these snails are not closely related to true limpets and are more closely related to conches and cowries. The "slipper" in the name "slipper limpet" is based on the appearance of the inside of the shell, which with its half-shelf resembles a traditional western bedroom slipper.
Reproduction
Calyptraeids may form a tower of up to 25 animals, sometimes referred to as a mating chain. The bottom snail is always female. When she dies, the male above her will change from male to female, and the chain continues.
Genera
Genera within the family Calyptraeidae include:
Bicatillus Swainson, 1840
Bostrycapulus Olsson & Harbison, 1953
Calyptraea Lamarck, 1799
Crepidula Lamarck, 1799
Crepipatella Lesson, 1831
Crucibulum Schumacher, 1817
Desmaulus Rehder, 1943
Ergaea H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
Grandicrepidula McLean, 1995
Maoricrypta Finlay, 1926
Sigapatella Lesson, 1930
† Taimyroconus Guzhov, 2015
Trochita Schumacher, 1817
Genera brought into synonymy
Cheila Modeer, 1793: synonym of Cheilea Modeer, 1793 – this is actually in the Hipponicidae, not the Calyptraeidae
Clypeola Gray, 1868: synonym of Sigapatella Lesson, 1831
Crypta Gray, 1847: synonym of Crepidula Lamarck, 1799
Dispotaea Say, 1824: synonym of Crucibulum Schumacher, 1817
Galerus Gray, 1847 : synonym of Calyptraea Lamarck, 1799
Garnotia Gray, 1857: synonym of Crepidula Lamarck, 1799
Ianacus Mörch, 1852: synonym of Crepidula Lamarck, 1799
Siphopatella Lesson, 1831: synonym of Syphopatella Lesson, 1831; synonym ofCrepidula Lamarck, 1799 (unjustified emendation of Syphopatella)
Spirogalerus Finlay & Marwick, 1937 †: synonym of Sigapatella Lesson, 1831
Syphopatella Lesson, 1831: synonym of Crepidula Lamarck, 1799
Trochatella Lesson, 1831: synonym of Trochita Schumacher, 1817
Trochilla Swainson, 1835: synonym of Trochita Schumacher, 1817
Verticumbo Berry, 1940 †: synonym of Crepipatella Lesson, 1831
Zeacrypta Finlay, 1926: synonym of Maoricrypta Finlay, 1926
Zegalerus Finlay, 1927: synonym of Sigapatella Lesson, 1831
References
External links
Miocene Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area, California; United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642
Marshall B.A. 2003. A review of the Recent and Late Cenozoic Calyptraeidae of New Zealand (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The Veliger 46(2): 117-144
Collin R. 2005. Development, phylogeny, and taxonomy of Bostrycapulus (Caenogastropoda: Calyptraeidae), an ancient cryptic radiation. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 144(1): 75-101,
Hoagland, K.E. 1977. Systematic review of fossil and recent Crepidula and discussion of the evolution of the Calyptraeidae. Malacologia, 16(2): 353-420
Gastropod families
Taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck