Jubail

Jubail (Al Jubayl) is a city in the Eastern province on the Arabian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia, with a total population of 684,531 as of 2021. It is home to the largest industrial city in the world. It is also home to the Middle East's largest and world's fourth largest petrochemical company SABIC. It has the world's largest IWPP (Independent Water and Power Project) producing 2743.6 MW of electricity and 800,000 m3 of water daily. Jubail comprises the Old Town of Al Jubail (Jubail Balad), which was a small fishing village until 1975, and the Industrial Area. Jubail Industrial City is the largest civil engineering project in the world today.
In 1975, the Saudi government designated Jubail as the site for new industrial city, with rapid expansion and industrialization arising. The new industrial and residential areas were named Madīnat al Jubayl aṣ Ṣinā`īyah (Jubail Industrial City). The 2005 Census Report for Jubail Industrial City estimates the population at 224,430 residents.
History
The town of Al-Jubail, on the Arabian Gulf coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, has ancient roots. Human habitation dates back at least 7,000 years, when the people of Dilmun — whose civilization radiated up and down the coast of the Arabian Gulf — established a settlement there.
Archaeological place: Crease Tower or Tuwayah Tower was constructed around 1928. It was key source of water for Jubail.
In September 1933, Jubail gained a measure of fame as the landing site for the first team of geologists to explore for oil in Saudi Arabia.
Jubail Industrial City
It is the world's largest industrial city established in 1975. It covers 1,016 square kilometers and includes industrial complexes, major harbour and port facilities. It contributes to about 7% of Saudi Arabia's GDP.
Bechtel began work on the Jubail Industrial City project more than 40 years ago and is still working in Jubail now. Bechtel has managed the Jubail project since it began in the mid-1970s, and in 2004 the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu asked the company to manage Jubail II, a $3.8 billion expansion of the city's industrial and residential areas.
Transportation
Highway
Jubail is directly connected with other cities by two major highways; Dhahran-Jubail Highway and Abu Hadriyah Highway.
One ongoing project is the Jubail-Qassim (Buraidah) Expressway , which will reduce the distance between Jubail and Qassim (Buraidah) to around from the current .
Railway
A branch of the Saudi Landbridge Project railway is proposed to connect Jubail to Dammam.
Seaport
There are two seaports in Jubail—the Jubail Commercial Seaport and the King Fahd Industrial Seaport. As of 2011, Jubail ranks 92nd in the world in terms of Total Cargo Volume with 44,700 tons.
Airport
The city is served by King Fahd International Airport.
Jubail Naval Airport is an airfield 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Jubail City, near the industrial area. Originally constructed by the Royal Commission of Jubail and Yanbu as part of Jubail project, it was meant to be used for commercial aviation until it was decided to utilize the large nearby King Fahd International Airport. Thus, it was handed over to the Ministry of Defence and has been used as a base for the naval aviation group/eastern fleet of the Royal Saudi Navy since then. The terminal in Dammam Airport is about 60 km drive from the suburbs of Jubail, 80 km from the city center and 100 km from the Royal Commission neighborhoods.
However it was recently announced that the airport will be opened for private aviation operations starting September 2014. A project to renovate the airfield was undertaken since some of the airfield's infrastructure was incomplete, as a result of the previous change for the use of airport from commercial to military. To date, the project and renovations have not been completed.
In addition, two other airfields are located in the city; Abu Ali Airport is located in the Island of Abu Ali while the other is located in King Abdulaziz Naval Base.
Main sights
Jubail has a robust market place, known as International Market. It also has several malls, such as Fanateer Mall, Galleria Mall, Jubail Center Mall, Fanateer Beach, City Max, Hyper-Panda, Panda, Banana Beach, Jubail Centre, Home Center, Red Tag, Centrepoint, Jalmudah Hills, Jubail Plaza, Jubail RTV Riding Arena and Jubail Mall.
Beaches
Jubail Beach
Al Jubail Corniche
Youth Beach
Al Nakheel Beach
Fanateer Beach
Dareen Beach
Banana Beach
The Jubail desalination plant
As part of the industrial city, Jubail has a desalination plant called Saline Water Conversion Corp. (SWCC). In 2019, SWCC hit Guinness World Record as the largest producer of desalinated water worldwide. The plant hit the record as it produces 5.6 million cubic meters every day.
Education
Schools
Al Abna'a Schools
Mariya international School
Al Moattasem International School
Hafeez International School
International Indian School, Al- Jubail (IIS Jubail)
ISG Jubail
Jubail Academy International School
King Fahd High School
Pakistan International School
Al Murjan Elementary School
Al Ahsa Secondary School
Andalus Elementary School
Dana Elementary School
Fanatir Elementary School
Fayha Elementary School
Khaleeg Intermediate School
Al Deffi Secondary School
Najd Secondary School
Umm Alqurra Secondary School
Universities and colleges
Jubail Industrial College
Jubail Technical Institute
Jubail University College
Hospitals, dispensaries and dental centers
Al Fanateer Hospital
Al-Fayadh Medical Clinic
Al-Hijailan Medical Clinic
Al-Khonaini Dispensary
Al-Shabani General Hospital
Al-Shifa Hospital
Almana General Hospital
Almana Medical Center
Al Naba Medical Complex
Ar Razi Clinic
Armed Forces Hospital
Badr Al Khaleej Medical Center
Danat Al Sahraa Medical Company (KIMS)
Dina Dispensary for Medical Services
Gulf Asian Medical Center
Huda Younis Dental Complex
Jubail General Hospital
Jubail Medical Center (Mutlaq Al Otaibi Medical Service Group)
Jubail National Dispensary
KIMS Medical Center
Kingdom Dental Medical Dispensary
Lulu Dispensary
Lulu Hospital
Mayo Dental Center
Mouwasat Hospital
Ram Dental Complex
Royal Commission Hospital
Distances to nearby places
Eastern Province
Safwa city:
Qatif:
Ras Tanura:
Saihat:
Dammam:
Khobar:
Abqaiq:
Al-Ahsa:
Other provinces
Riyadh:
Buraydah:
Arar:
Ha'il:
Medina:
Mecca:
Jeddah:
Other cities of Eastern Arabia
Manama:
Kuwait City:
Doha:
Abu Dhabi:
Dubai:
Muscat:
Climate
Jubail has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh).
See also
List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia
References
External links
Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu
Jubail City - Article about master planning the Jubail New Industrial City
Jubail directory
www.worldatlas.com
zeenews.india.com
Populated places in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
Port cities and towns in Saudi Arabia