PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
New South Wales selection bias

New South Wales selection bias is a claimed bias of selectors of the Australian cricket teams towards players from New South Wales. It was alluded to in a quote by former South Australian captain David Hookes who said that, "when they give out the baggy blue cap in New South Wales, they give you a baggy green one in a brown paper bag as well to save making two presentations". Hookes' comment came at a time when, especially during the 1980s, there was public speculation that strong performances by non-NSW players were often ignored by the Australian selectors in favour of seemingly under-performing NSW players who were selected for the Test and/or One-Day team.
Allegations of this bias have been made by a number of past and present players, including Victoria's Brad Hodge, who claimed that his non-selection in the Australian side was due in part to the bias.
Statistical basis
Statistics have been misused to deny and clearly support the bias. Deniers of the bias highlight the few New South Wales players who have suffered at the hands of selectors, and ignore the underperforming NSW players who have been given a paved road to national selection.
Out of the list of the top 50 run-scorers in the Sheffield Shield, the nine players who did not play a single Test came from every state except New South Wales and Western Australia. Out of the list of the top 50 wicket takers, the eight players who did not play a single Test came from every state except New South Wales.
References
Cricket controversies
Discrimination in Australia
Employment discrimination
Bias
Cricket in New South Wales
زوبيرسدورف

زوبيرسدورف هي بلدية تقع في إقليم الراين الأسفل من منطقة ألزاس في شمال شرق فرنسا. تبلغ مساحة هذه المدينة 1.85 (كم²)، وترتفع عن سطح البحر 220 م، يبلغ عدد سكانها 184 نسمة حسب إحصاء المعهد الوطني للإحصاء والدراسات الاقتصادية سنة 2009 م. وترأس Jean-Georges Hammann البلدية خلال فترة (2008 - 2014).
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
صفحة البلدية على موقع المعهد الوطني للإحصاء والدراسات الاقتصادية
أماكن مأهولة انحلت في 2018
بلديات إقليم الراين الأسفل
ماركو راديتش

ماركو راديتش هو لاعب كرة قدم صربي في مركز الدفاع، ولد في 1 أكتوبر 1985 في بلغراد في صربيا. لعب مع نادي روجومبيروك.
مراجع
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية صرب
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية صرب مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في سلوفاكيا
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في بولندا
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في التشيك
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون صرب مغتربون في التشيك
رياضيون صرب مغتربون في بولندا
رياضيون صرب مغتربون في سلوفاكيا
رياضيون من بلغراد
لاعبو الدوري البولندي الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو الدوري التشيكي الممتاز
لاعبو دوري السوبر السلوفاكي
لاعبو كرة قدم صرب
لاعبو كرة قدم صرب مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في بولندا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في جمهورية التشيك
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في سلوفاكيا
لاعبو كرة قدم من بلغراد
لاعبو نادي روجومبيروك
مواليد 1985
Thadius Katua

Thadius Katua (born November 4, 1997) is an amateur boxer who represented Papua New Guinea at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. He won a gold medal at the 2015 Pacific Games.
Competing at the age of 18, Katua was the youngest boxer partaking in the 2016 Olympic tournament. Despite being outscored by opponent Adlan Abdurashidov in all three rounds, Katua's coach believed that he may have actually won the fight if the points had been tallied differently. When the judges ruled in favor of Abdurashidov many in the crowd voiced their support for Katua. Before taking part in the Olympics Katua had become the first Papua New Guinean to win a gold in boxing at the Pasic Youth Games.
References
External links
1997 births
Living people
Papua New Guinean male boxers
Olympic boxers for Papua New Guinea
Boxers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Commonwealth Games competitors for Papua New Guinea
Boxers at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
People from the Autonomous Region of Bougainville
Lightweight boxers
باتريسيا فيزيتيو

باتريسيا فيزيتيو مواليد 15 أكتوبر 1988 في بيتروشاني، رومانيا، هي لاعبة كرة يد رومانية تلعب كظهير أيمن. مثلت منتخب رومانيا لكرة اليد للسيدات. شاركت في دورة الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية سنة 2016. حققت المركز الثالث في بطولة العالم لكرة اليد للسيدات 2015.
الميداليات
روابط خارجية
مراجع
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من بيتروشاني
رومانيون مغتربون في تركيا
رياضيون رومانيون مغتربون في تركيا
رياضيون رومانيون مغتربون في سلوفينيا
لاعبات كرة يد رومانيات
لاعبو أسكدار بليديسبور
لاعبو كرة يد أولمبيون من رومانيا
لاعبو كرة يد في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2016
لاعبو كرة يد مغتربون
لاعبو كرة يد مغتربون في تركيا
مواليد 1988
مواليد في بيتروشاني
رياضيون من مقاطعة هوندوارا
(32834) 1992 EO4

(32834) 1992 EO4
1992 إي أو 4 (ويعرف أيضًا باسم (32834) 1992 إي أو 4 وفق تسمية الكوكب الصغير) ؛ هو كويكب ضمن حزام الكويكبات.
اكتُشف هذا الجُرم الفلكي بواسطة في 1 مارس 1992، وترتيبه 32834 من حيث الاكتشاف.
الوصف
اكتُشف في 1 مارس 1992 في مرصد لاسيلا، الواقع في صحراء أتاكاما، إقليم كوكيمبو في تشيلي، بواسطة مشروع . وقد رصد المشروع 1,881 مشاهدة للكويكب إلى غاية 5 فبراير 2022 بتوقيت منطقة المحيط الهادئ، أي في مدة قدرها 10,875 يومًا (29.8 عام). تستغرق الفترة المدارية للكويكب 1,270 يومًا (3.5 عام).
الخصائص المدارية
يتميز مدار هذا الكويكب بنصف محور رئيسي يبلغ 2.29 وحدة فلكية، وحضيض قدره 2.18 وحدة فلكية، وانحراف قدره 0.0483 وزاوية ميلان 5.73 درجة بالنسبة لمسار الشمس. بسبب هذه الخصائص، أي نصف المحور الرئيسي بين 2 و3.2 وحدة فلكية وحضيض أكبر من 1,666 وحدة فلكية، يُصنف هذا الجُرم الفلكي وفقًا لقاعدة بيانات مختبر الدفع النفاث لأجرام النظام الشمسي الصغيرة كائنًا من حزام الكويكبات الرئيسي.
الخصائص الفيزيائية
يُقدر القدر المطلق (H) لـ بـ15.02 ووضاءته بـ0.091، مما يمكِّن تقدير قطره بـ 3.829كم. استُخلصت هذه النتائج بفضل ملاحظات مستكشف الأشعة تحت الحمراء عريض المجال (WISE)، وهو مرصد فضائي أمريكي وُضع في المدار في عام 2009 ويراقب السماء بأكملها بالأشعة تحت الحمراء، في عام 2011، نُشرت النتائج الأولى المتعلقة بالكويكبات من الحزام الرئيسي.
انظر أيضًا
قائمة الكواكب الصغيرة
المراجع
وصلات خارجية
أجرام فلكية اكتشفت في 1992
حزام الكويكبات
كواكب صغيرة مسماة
Douglas Flint

Douglas Flint
Sir Douglas Jardine Flint, (born 8 July 1955) is a British banker and former Group Chairman of HSBC Holdings. He served from 2011 to 2017, having previously been Group Finance Director since 1995. He currently serves as chairman of Abrdn.
Biography
Education
Flint graduated with a bachelor's degree with honours in Accounting from the University of Glasgow. He also completed the PMD course at Harvard Business School in 1983. Flint is a member of a number of professional bodies such as the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland, the British Association of Corporate Treasurers professional body and most recently, Institute of International Finance, where he now serves as chairman of the board. He is also a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants.
Career
Flint started his career in Peat Marwick Mitchell & Co. (now KPMG), and was appointed a partner of the firm in 1988. He became Group Finance Director of HSBC in 1995. He was the Chairman of the Financial Reporting Council's review of the Turnbull Guidance on Internal Control from 2004 to 2005 and was a member of The Accounting Standards Board and the Standards Advisory Council of the International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation from 2001 to 2004.
In June 2006, in recognition to his services to the finance industry, he was appointed a CBE (Commander of the Order of the British Empire).
Flint became group chairman of HSBC at the end of 2010.
He became Chairman of IP Group in November 2018. In October 2018 it was announced that he would become the new chairman of Standard Life Aberdeen on 1 January 2019, succeeding Sir Gerry Grimstone.
References
External links
HSBC director's profile
1955 births
Scottish chairpersons of corporations
Living people
Chairmen of HSBC
Scottish businesspeople
Scottish bankers
Scottish accountants
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
Harvard Business School alumni
British corporate directors
Businesspeople from Glasgow
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Knights Bachelor
Businesspeople awarded knighthoods
2009 Armenian Premier League

2009 Armenian Premier League
The 2009 Armenian Premier League season was the eighteenth since its establishment. The season began on 21 March 2009 and ended on 7 November 2009. FC Pyunik were the defending champions.
There were no teams promoted from the previous season of the First League. Therefore, Kilikia FC play another season in the top league. Only 8 teams were allowed to play in the 2009 Armenian Premier League.
The league was played in four stages. Teams played each other four times, twice at home and twice away. FC Pyunik gained maximum points after round 28 and were crowned champions; winning their ninth consecutive title, twelfth overall. Ararat Yerevan were relegated to Armenian First League.
Participating teams
League table
Results
First half of season
Second half of season
Top goalscorers
Last updated: November 7, 2009; Source: ffa.am
See also
2009 Armenian First League
2009 Armenian Cup
External links
ffa.am
soccerway.com
uefa.com
rsssf.com
Armenian Premier League seasons
1
Armenia
Armenia
سامسونج بي هولد II (موبايل)

سامسونج بي هولد II (موبايل)
سامسونج بي هولد II هو هاتف ذكي من سامسونج يعمل بنظام أندرويد، تم طرحه في الأسواق في 2009.
الخصائص
نظام التشغيل: أندرويد
الكاميرا الخلفية: 5 ميجابكسل
الشاشة: شاشة لمس
الذاكرة: 16 جيجابايت
مراجع
هواتف سامسونج الذكية
أجهزة أندرويد
هواتف ذكية
هواتف سامسونج
هواتف محمولة عرضت في 2009
كتيبة الإمام شامل

كتيبة الإمام شامل، (الروسية:батальон имама шамиля) هي جماعة إسلامية مسلحة تنشط أساسا في شمال القوقاز، الشيشان وروسيا، تعتبر الكتيبة فرعا من فروع تنظيم القاعدة.
الاسم
أصل تسمية المجموعة نفسها بكتيبة الإمام شامل تعود في الحقيقة إلى الإمام شامل الداغستاني، وهو واحد من المقاومين الذين حاربو ضد الإمبراطورية الروسية خلال حرب القوقاز، كما أنه كان إماماً لإمامة القوقاز.
مراجع
فروع تنظيم القاعدة
منظمات جهادية
منظمات شبه عسكرية مقرها في روسيا
Alexey Kuzmenkov

Alexey Kuzmenkov
Alexey Mikhailovich Kuzmenkov (born 10 June 1971) is a Russian colonel general who was appointed the deputy minister of defence of Russia for logistics on 30 April 2023. Prior to this, he was deputy director of the National Guard of Russia (Rosgvardia).
Military career
Kuzmenkov was born 10 June 1971 in Horlivka, Donetsk Oblast in what was then the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union. He began his military career in 1998, joining the Russian Ground Forces, and graduated from the Volsk Higher School of Logistics.
In 2011, he was appointed Deputy Head of the Resource Support Department in the Ministry of Defence. The following year he was appointed Head of the ministry's Planning and Logistics Coordination Department.
In 2014, he was appointed Chief of the Logistics Staff of the Russian Armed Forces.
He was named Deputy Commander of the Forces of the Southern Military District for Material and Technical Supply in 2018.
Kuzmenkov became deputy director of the National Guard of Russia in September 2019.
On 30 April 2023, Western media sources reported that Kuzmenkov had been appointed deputy minister of defence for logistics, replacing Colonel General Mikhail Mizintsev. He thus heads the Materiel-Technical Support of the Armed Forces.
Awards
Kuzmenkov has been awarded the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class; the Order of Alexander Nevsky; the medal of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 1st class; and the medal of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 2nd class.
Sanctions
The European Union sanctioned Kuzmenkov on 21 July 2022 for his role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Belgium sanctioned Kuzmenkov on 21 July 2022 for his role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
France sanctioned Kuzmenkov on 21 July 2022 for his role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Switzerland sanctioned Kuzmenkov on 29 July 2022 for his role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Japan sanctioned Kuzmenkov on 7 October 2022 for his role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
New Zealand sanctioned Kuzmenkov on 31 March 2023 for his role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
References
1971 births
Living people
People from Donetsk Oblast
Russian colonel generals
Russian individuals subject to European Union sanctions
Thermal diffusivity

Thermal diffusivity
In heat transfer analysis, thermal diffusivity is the thermal conductivity divided by density and specific heat capacity at constant pressure. It is a measure of the rate of heat transfer inside a material. It has units of m2/s. Thermal diffusivity is usually denoted by lowercase alpha, but (kappa) and are also used.
The formula is:
where
is thermal conductivity (W/(m·K))
is specific heat capacity (J/(kg·K))
is density (kg/m3)
Together, can be considered the volumetric heat capacity (J/(m3·K)).
As seen in the heat equation,
one way to view thermal diffusivity is as the ratio of the time derivative of temperature to its curvature, quantifying the rate at which temperature concavity is "smoothed out". Thermal diffusivity is a contrasting measure to thermal effusivity. In a substance with high thermal diffusivity, heat moves rapidly through it because the substance conducts heat quickly relative to its volumetric heat capacity or 'thermal bulk'.
Thermal diffusivity is often measured with the flash method. It involves heating a strip or cylindrical sample with a short energy pulse at one end and analyzing the temperature change (reduction in amplitude and phase shift of the pulse) a short distance away.
Thermal diffusivity of selected materials and substances
See also
Heat equation
Laser flash analysis
Thermophoresis
Thermal effusivity
Thermal time constant
References
Heat transfer
Physical quantities
Heat conduction
عزقي

عزقي هي قرية لبنانية من قرى قضاء الضنية في محافظة الشمال.
المراجع
أماكن مأهولة في محافظة لبنان الشمالي
مدن لبنان
كفر عزام

كفر عزام
قرية كفر عزام هي إحدى القرى التابعة لمركز السنبلاوين في محافظة الدقهلية في جمهورية مصر العربية. حسب إحصاءات سنة 2006، بلغ إجمالي السكان في كفر عزام 4175 نسمة، منهم 2100 رجل و2075 امرأة.
التاريخ
قرية كفر عزام من القرى القديمة، حيث وردت باسم «الصاني» في أعمال الشرقية ضمن قرى الروك الصلاحي التي أحصاها ابن مماتي في كتاب قوانين الدواوين، كما وردت باسم «الصاني» في أعمال الشرقية ضمن قرى الروك الناصري التي أحصاها ابن الجيعان في كتاب «التحفة السنية بأسماء البلاد المصرية». وفي العصر العثماني وردت باسم «الصاني» في التربيع العثماني الذي أجراه الوالي العثماني سليمان باشا الخادم في عصر السلطان العثماني سليمان القانوني ضمن قرى ولاية الدقهلية، وفي تاريخ 1228هـ/1813م الذي عدّ قرى مصر بعد المسح الذي قام به محمد علي باشا باسم «كفر عزام» ضمن قرى مديرية الدقهلية.
طالع أيضا
محافظة الدقهلية
قائمة قرى محافظة الدقهلية
المصادر
قرى السنبلاوين
Daniel Drescher

Daniel Drescher (born 7 October 1989) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays for TWL Elektra and is noted for his tackling abilities and aerial prowess.
Club statistics
Updated to games played as of 16 June 2014.
References
1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Vienna
Austrian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Austrian Football Bundesliga players
FC Admira Wacker Mödling players
Wolfsberger AC players
SKN St. Pölten players
Austrian Regionalliga players
Austria men's youth international footballers
سوق المنامة

سوق المنامة هو سوق قديم يقع في المنامة، عاصمة البحرين.
الموقع
يقع السوق في شمال المنامة، في المنطقة الفاصلة ما بين الأجزاء القديمة من المدينة، والمنطقة التجارية المركزية. وإلى الشرق من النعيم وإلى الغرب من رأس الرمان. المدخل الرئيسي هو بناء باب البحرين التاريخي. المنطقة تضم أيضا كنيس البحرين.
الفرجان المحيطة
يحيط بسوق المنامة مجموعة من الأحياء السكنية بشكل رئيسي بما في ذلك:
فريج الفاضل.
فريج الحمام.
فريج الحطب.
فريج المخارقة.
فريج مشبر.
انظر أيضًا
باب البحرين.
قائمة مناطق الجذب السياحي في البحرين.
مصادر
أحياء المنامة
تجارة التجزئة في البحرين
ثقافة بحرينية
مبان ومنشآت في المنامة
مواقع جذب سياحي في المنامة
ناصر غازي

ناصر غازي، من مواليد 1981، لاعب كرة قدم يمني، يلعب لنادي الوحدة اليمني ونادي الهلال الساحلي ونادي العروبة. ويلعب مع منتخب اليمن لكرة القدم. وقد سجل هدفًا في مرمى منتخب البحرين لكرة القدم في كأس الخليج عام 2004.
مراجع
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
لاعبو الدوري اليمني
لاعبو منتخب اليمن لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي العروبة (اليمن)
لاعبو نادي الهلال الساحلي
لاعبو نادي الوحدة (عدن)
مواليد 1981
تاكاشي أميزوا

تاكاشي أميزوا
تاكاشي أُميزَوا (مواليد )، هو لاعب كرة قدم ياباني سابق كان يلعب كلاعب وسط.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية يابانيون
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أعلام كرة قدم من محافظة ميه
لاعبو الدوري الياباني للدرجة الأولى
لاعبو دوري سوكر الياباني
لاعبو غامبا أوساكا
لاعبو كرة قدم يابانيون
مواليد 1972
مواليد في ميه (محافظة)
William Dumas

William Dumas (born 23 January 1942 in Nîmes) was a member of the National Assembly of France from 2004 to 2017. He represented the 5th constituency of the Gard department, and is a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche.
References
1942 births
Living people
People from Nîmes
Socialist Party (France) politicians
Deputies of the 12th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Deputies of the 13th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Deputies of the 14th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Members of Parliament for Gard
Western equine encephalitis virus

Western equine encephalitis virus
The Western equine encephalomyelitis virus is the causative agent of relatively uncommon viral disease Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE). An alphavirus of the family Togaviridae, the WEE virus is an arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) transmitted by mosquitoes of the genera Culex and Culiseta. WEE is a recombinant virus between two other alphaviruses, an ancestral Sindbis virus-like virus, and an ancestral Eastern equine encephalitis virus-like virus. There have been under 700 confirmed cases in the U.S. since 1964. This virus contains an envelope that is made up of glycoproteins and nucleic acids. The virus is transmitted to people and horses by bites from infected mosquitoes (Culex tarsalis and Aedes taeniorhynchus) and birds during wet, summer months.
According to the CDC, geographic occurrence for this virus is worldwide, and tends to be more prevalent in places in and around swampy areas where human populations tend to be limited. In North America, WEE is seen primarily in U. S. states and Canadian provinces west of the Mississippi River. The disease is also seen in countries of South America. WEE is commonly a subclinical infection; symptomatic infections are uncommon. However, the disease can cause serious sequelae in infants and children. Unlike Eastern equine encephalitis, the overall mortality of WEE is low (approximately 4%) and is associated mostly with infection in the elderly. Approximately 15–20% of horses that acquire the virus will die or be put down. There is no human vaccine for WEE and there are no licensed therapeutic drugs in the U.S. for this infection. The virus affects the brain and spinal cord of the infected host.
History
WEE was discovered in 1930 when a number of horses in the San Joaquin Valley of California, USA died of a mysterious encephalitis. Karl Friedrich Meyer investigated but was not able to isolate the pathogen from necropsies of horses that had been dead for some time and needed samples from an animal in the earlier stages of disease. When the team heard of a horse that appeared to have encephalitis, its owner threatened to shoot the scientists. However Meyer was able to convince the farmer's wife that the horse was dying anyway, and to secretly signal him when the farmer was asleep in exchange for $20 (as this was during the Great Depression, this was a substantial amount of money). Meyer and his colleagues hid in the bushes until the signal, euthanized the horse and stole its head. They successfully isolated WEEV from the brain tissue.
Biological weapon
Western equine encephalitis virus was one of more than a dozen agents that the United States researched as potential biological weapons before the nation suspended its biological weapons program.
See also
Eastern equine encephalitis virus
References
External links
United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Fact Sheet
Animal viral diseases
Biological weapons
Viral encephalitis
Bird diseases
Parasites of birds
Horse diseases
Alphaviruses
Insect-borne diseases
Edward Thomas (police officer)

Edward Thomas (police officer)
Edward Alfred Thomas (September 23, 1919 – August 10, 2015) was one of the first African Americans to work as a police officer for the Houston Police Department.
He was born on September 23, 1919, in Keatchi, Louisiana, to Edward and Dora Thomas, a landowner and teacher, respectively. He attended Southern University in Baton Rouge, but his education was interrupted when he was drafted. He served in the Invasion of Normandy and the Battle of the Bulge.
Thomas joined the Houston Police Department in 1948, initially experiencing substantial discrimination as the sole African-American on the force. At first he was not permitted to attend roll call in the squad room, nor to use the cafeteria, and was not issued a squad car; he was employed to police the Black community and only allowed to arrest non-white suspects. He slowly gained his colleagues' respect by "doing his job unimpeachably" and rose to senior police officer. Thomas served for 63 years, the longest period of service of any municipal employee. He retired in 2011, when he was in his nineties.
He was married to Helen A. Thomas; the couple had a son and daughter. They later divorced.
In July 2015 Houston Police Headquarters was renamed the Edward A. Thomas Building.
References
External links
Shelia Jackson Lee. "Tribute to Edward Alfred Thomas, Longest Serving and Greatest Patrol Officer in the History of the Houston Police Department". Congressional Record Vol. 161, No. 121
Houston Police Department officers
African-American police officers
American police officers
United States Army soldiers
African Americans in World War II
Military personnel from Louisiana
United States Army personnel of World War II
People from DeSoto Parish, Louisiana
People from Houston
Southern University alumni
1919 births
2015 deaths
21st-century African-American people
African-American United States Army personnel
أسماك عظائية

أسماك عظائية
الأسماك العظائية ، وهي مجموعة من أسماك شعاعيات الزعانف كانت موجودة خلال الفترة من العصر البرمي المتأخر حتى بداية الجوراسي الأوسط، وانتشرت في آسيا، وأفريقيا، وأستراليا، وأوروبا وأمريكا الشمالية.
مراجع
انقراضات الجوراسي المبكر
كائنات ظهرت خلال فترة اللوبنجي
Canada–Jamaica relations

Canada–Jamaica relations are foreign relations between Canada and Jamaica. Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1962. Since March 4, 1963, Canada has a high commission in Kingston. Jamaica has a high commission in Ottawa.
Both countries are full members of the Organization of American States and of the Commonwealth of Nations.
On April 20, 2009, Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper became the first Canadian head of government to address the Jamaican parliament.
There are 231,000 people of Jamaican descent living in Canada. Jamaican-Canadians celebrate their island heritage through festivals held in major cities across Canada, the most recognized of which is Caribana. Caribana is held in Toronto, Ontario every year and attracts over one million visitors to the region, many of whom fly all the way from Jamaica.
Canada also has an agreement with the Jamaican government to allow the Canadian Forces a staging area to move troops and supplies for humanitarian assistance and possible anti-terrorism operations.
See also
Jamaican Canadians
Black Jamaicans
Black Canadians
Hindu Jamaicans
Jamaican British
External links
Canadian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade about relations with Jamaica
Canadian high commission in Kingston
Jamaican high commission in Ottawa
References
Jamaica
Bilateral relations of Jamaica