Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya

Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya is a commentary written by the Hanafi-Shafi'i scholar al-Taftazani (d. 791/1389 or 792/1390) on the creed of Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi (d. 537/1142-3), an authoritative compendium on Islamic Sunni theology that remained a standard textbook in Ottoman schools. The book is a commentary on al-Nasafi's treatise, in which al-Nasafi systematized Hanafi-Maturidi theology. However, al-Taftazani adopted an Ash'ari perspective in his commentary.
'Aqā'id al-Nasafī
'Aqā'id al-Nasafi, a short summary of the authentic Muslim beliefs by Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi. 'Aqā'id is the plural of 'aqidah, which means, religious belief, creed, or theology. This short treatise has gained much popularity and acceptance amongst the Islamic community because of its comprehensive summary of the beliefs of Islam.
In this work, Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi closely followed Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi's formulations in his Tabsirat al-Adilla.
Al-Nasafi compiled and enumerated some 60 points of belief, each one of them being established directly or indirectly by a Qur'anic verse or a authentic Hadith. Although written from the perspective of the Maturidi school of theology, there is a consensus about all the fundamental beliefs mentioned in its pages amongst the Sunni scholars and they have only differed on a few of the subsidiary issues dealt with in this work. Many commentaries have been written on this work differing in size; among them are:
Al-Durra Sharh 'Aqa'id al-Nasafi by Ibn al-Nafis (d. 687/1288).
Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by (d. 749/1348).
Al-Qala'id Sharh al-'Aqa'id by (d. 770/1369).
One of the most popular was the commentary written by Sa'd al-Din al-Taftazani (d. 792/1390). Since then, it has been taught in Islamic schools and seminaries throughout the world, particularly in Central and South Asia.
In 1988, Syed Naquib al-Attas put forward the 'Aqā'id al-Nasafi manuscript as the oldest Malay manuscript with the date of authorship established as 1590 CE (998 AH), during the era of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Syah's rule in Aceh (1589–1604). Like most religious manuscripts in the early stages, this manuscript was a translation from Arabic to Malay and this text was written in both languages, with the translated text written below the lines of the original text in Arabic.
Al-Taftazani's commentary
Al-Taftazani started the book by praising Ash'aris after criticizing the Mu'tazilis. Part of his intention when he wrote this commentary was to thoroughly refute the Ahl al-Batil (the people of falsehood), such as the Mu'tazila, the Karramiyya, the Khawarij, the Philosophers, etc. Though his commentary in parts reflects an Ash'ari-Maturidi synthesis, the main framework was Ash'ari theology.
Al-Taftazani's commentary is the oldest manuscript copied on the territory of Macedonia. The scribe Muhammad ibn Sinan mentioned that he had copied it in Skopje, in the madrasa (school) of Isa Bey, in 926/1519.
There have been many scholars and theologians who have written glosses and notes on al-Taftazani's commentary, among them are the following:
(d. 819/1416).
(d. after 862/1458).
(d. 885/1480), entitled al-Nukat wa al-Fawa'id 'ala Sharh al-'Aqa'id.
Hasan Chelebi b. Muhammad Shah al-Fanari (d. 886/1481).
Ibn al-Ghurs (d. 894/1489). He wrote two commentaries, one long and the other short.
Muslih al-Din al-Qastallani, better known as al-Kastali (d. 901/1495).
(d. 905/1499-1500), entitled al-Fara'id fi Hall Sharh al-'Aqa'id.
(d. 918/1522).
Shaykh al-Islām Zakariyya al-Ansari (d. 926/1520), entitled .
Ramadan Efendi (d. 979/1571).
'Isam al-Din al-Isfarayini (d. 943/1536-7 or 951/1543-4).
Ahmad al-Maqqari (d. 1041/1631), entitled .
Ibrahim al-Laqqani (d. 1041/1631).
'Abd al-Hakim al-Siyalkuti (d. 1067/1657).
Muhammad b. Ahmad b. 'Ali al-Buhuti al-Khalwati al-Hanbali (d. 1088/1678), the student of Mansur al-Buhuti (d. 1051/1641) and also his nephew and son-in-law.
(d. 1138/1726).
Sulayman ibn 'Umar al-Jamal (d. 1204/1790).
Muhammad b. Ahmad b. 'Arafa al-Disūqī (d. 1230/1815).
(d. 1239/1824).
Diya' al-Din Khalid al-Baghdadi (d. 1242/1827), the founder of the Khalidi branch of the Naqshbandi order.
Ibrahim al-Bajuri (d. 1276/1859).
Hasan b. al-Sayyid 'Abd al-Qadir al-Juri (d. 1322/1909).
The number of glosses (hawashi) on al-Taftazani's commentary on al-Nasafi's creed has reached around 82.
Takhrij
(d. 879/1474), Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (d. 911/1505), and Mulla 'Ali al-Qari (d. 1014/1606) have performed the process of Hadiths that are mentioned in Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya to identify its source and status.
Modern commentators
'Abdullah al-Harari (d. 1429/2008).
.
.
Nidal Ibrahim Alah Rashi.
Translations
English
A Commentary on the Creed of Islam: Sa'd al-Din al-Taftazani on the Creed of Najm al-Din al-Nasafi, translated with introduction and notes by Earl Edgar Elder, New York: Columbia University Press, and London: Oxford University Press, 1950.
German
Malay
Persian
'Aqa'id al-Nasafi, translated into Persian by Muhammad 'Umar Joya.
Russian
Толкование акиды «Ан-Насафия» (Шарх ан-насафиййа фи-л-‘акида ал-исламиййа). Книга написана современным иракским ученым, профессором богословия . Translated from Arabic by Adygamov Ramil Kamilovich, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher of the Department of History of Religion and Social thought, S. Mardzhani Institute of History of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan.
Turkish
Urdu
Khulasah Sharh al-'Aqa'id, by Ibn Habib al-Faiz.
Nazm al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya, by Muhammad Salman Faridi al-Misbahi.
Kashf al-Fara'id li-hal Sharh al-'Aqa'id: a gloss on al-Taftazani's commentary by Mufti Muhammad Aslam Azizi al-Misbahi.
Gallery
Notes
See also
Al-Fiqh al-Akbar
Al-'Aqida al-Tahawiyya
Kitab al-Tawhid
Al-Insaf fima Yajib I'tiqaduh
A Guide to Conclusive Proofs for the Principles of Belief
The Moderation in Belief
Asas al-Taqdis
List of Sunni books
References
External links
Aqīda Nasafiyya — A website dedicated to the study of the work ʿUmar al-Nasafī
AKĀİDÜ’n-NESEFÎ — İslâm Ansiklopedisi
MOTURIDIYLIK TA’LIMOTINING O‘QITILISHI, TARIX VA BUGUNGI KUN — Imam Maturidi International Scientific Research Center
Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by al-Taftazani on Goodreads
Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by 'Abdullah al-Harari on Goodreads
Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya by Abdul-Malik al-Saadi on Goodreads
Sunni literature
Ash'ari literature
Maturidi literature
Islamic theology books
Islamic belief and doctrine
Kalam