PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
لي كام واه

لي كام واه (مواليد 14 مايو 1940) هو ملاكم هونغ كونغي، مثّل بلاده في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1964.
روابط خارجية
مراجع
ملاكمو وزن الذبابة
ملاكمون أولمبيون من هونغ كونغ
ملاكمون في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1964
ملاكمون هونغ كونغيون
طريف المخامرة (شناص)

طريف المخامرة (شناص)
طريف المخامرة منطقة سكنية تقع في ولاية شناص، التابعة لمحافظة شمال الباطنة في سلطنة عمان. يقدر عدد سكانها بـ 663 نسمة حسب إحصاء عام 2010 التابع للمركز الوطني للإحصاء والمعلومات الحكومي. رمز المنطقة هو 60220070.
مراجع
انظر أيضاً
قائمة مدن سلطنة عمان
الوصلات الخارجية
المركز الوطني للإحصاء والمعلومات، سلطنة عمان
أماكن مأهولة في ولاية شناص
لا فافا

لا فافا هو أحد جبال سلسلة جبال الألب البرنية وجزء من القمة الأم مونت غوند يقع في سويسرا. يبلغ ارتفاع الجبل حوالي 2612 متر، بينما يبلغ ارتفاع نتوء الجبل 279 متر.
انظر أيضًا
قائمة جبال سويسرا
مراجع
جبال في سويسرا يتجاوز ارتفاعها 2000 متر
جبال الألب
جبال سويسرا
جبال فاليز
ماينارد جيمس كينان

ماينارد جيمس كينان هو مغني وموسيقي ومنتج أسطوانات وملحن أمريكي، ولد في 17 أبريل 1964 في رافينا في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من جيروم (أريزونا)
أشخاص من رافينا (أوهايو)
أشخاص من مقاطعة صمت (أوهايو)
أشخاص من مقاطعة ماسون (ميتشيغان)
أفراد عسكريون من أوهايو
أمريكيون ممارسون للجيوجيتسو البرازيلية
أمريكيون من أصل أيرلندي
أمريكيون من أصل إيطالي
جنود أمريكيون
مغنو ميتال أمريكيون
مغنو ميتال بديل
مغنون أمريكيون
مغنون من أوهايو
مغنون من ميشيغان
منتجو تسجيلات من أوهايو
منتجو تسجيلات من ميشيغان
مواليد 1964
موسيقيو بروجريسف ميتال
موسيقيو تجريبية أمريكيون
موسيقيو صناعية أمريكيون
نقاد العلملوجية
Bore, Emilia-Romagna

Bore, Emilia-Romagna
Bore (Parmigiano: or ; Piacentino: ; locally ) is a comune in the province of Parma, Emilia-Romagna, central Italy. It is above sea level.
Cities and towns in Emilia-Romagna
جين روزين

جين روزين هي نحّاتة أمريكية، ولدت في 1950.
مراجع
أساتذة جامعة كاليفورنيا في بركلي
فنانو حيوانات
مواليد 1950
نحاتون ونحاتات أمريكيون
أعضاء هيئة تدريس مدرسة الفنون المرئية
شيلا إي.

شيلا إي. هي فنانة إيقاعية ومغنية وطبالة أمريكية، ولدت في 12 ديسمبر 1957 في أوكلاند في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
المرأة في موسيقى لاتينية
طبالات أمريكيات
طبالو السول
طبالو روك أمريكيون
طبالو ريذم أند بلوز
طبالو فانك أمريكيون
طبالون أفارقة أمريكيون
طبالون أمريكيون في القرن 20
فنانو تسجيلات وورنر بروس
كاثوليك أمريكيون أفارقة
كتاب أغان أفارقة أمريكيون
لاعبو بونغو
لاعبو كونغا
مشاركون أمريكيون في برامج تلفزيون الواقع
مغنو آر إن بي أمريكيون
مغنو سول أمريكيون
مغنو فانك أمريكيون
مغنون أمريكيون في القرن 21
مغنون أمريكيون من أصل إفريقي
مغنون وكتاب أغان من كاليفورنيا
مغنون ومغنيات وكتاب أغان أمريكيون
مغنيات أمريكيات
مغنيات أمريكيات إفريقيات في القرن 20
مغنيات أمريكيات إفريقيات في القرن 21
مغنيات أمريكيات في القرن 21
مغنيات أمريكيات هسبانيات ولاتينيات
مغنيات في القرن 21
مغنيات وكاتبات أغاني إفريقيات أمريكيات
مواليد 1957
موسيقيات أمريكيات إفريقيات
موسيقيات أمريكيات في القرن 20
موسيقيو رقص أمريكيون
موسيقيون أفارقة أمريكيون
موسيقيون أمريكيون من أصل مكسيكي
موسيقيون من أوكلاند (كاليفورنيا)
موسيقيون من منطقة خليج سان فرانسيسكو
Nivaldo (footballer, born 1980)

Nivaldo (footballer, born 1980)
Nivaldo Batista Santana (born 23 June 1980), known simply as Nivaldo, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a central defender for Lagarto Futebol Clube.
Football career
Born in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Nivaldo started playing with modest Brazilian clubs – he did represent Coritiba Foot Ball Club on two occasions, but appeared rarely – and moved to Portugal with C.F. Os Belenenses in 2007, being an undisputed starter as the Lisbon team finished fifth and qualified for the UEFA Cup, with the defender scoring four goals, partnering future FC Porto and Portugal star Rolando in the heart of the back four; on 28 February 2007, he also helped them come from behind against lowly GD Bragança and reach the semi-finals of the Taça de Portugal following a 2–1 away win.
Nivaldo joined AS Saint-Étienne for a price of €3 million in summer 2007, but featured sparingly in his debut season. The following year he was loaned to Qatari side Umm-Salal Sports Club, allegedly against his will.
After being released in June 2009, Nivaldo joined Spanish club Real Valladolid on a one-year contract. He made his La Liga debut on 30 August in a 0–0 draw at UD Almería, being sent off in the 13th minute; he also received his marching orders when he scored his first goal on 4 October, helping the hosts draw 2–2 against Athletic Bilbao.
In June 2010, after Valladolid's relegation, Nivaldo changed teams and countries again, signing a two-year contract with Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C. of Israel on a free transfer. On 1 August he netted his first goal, in a Toto Cup win against Maccabi Netanya FC; thirteen days later, however, he was sidelined for two months due to a knee injury, which forced the club to sign Savo Pavićević as a cover.
Honours
Náutico
Campeonato Pernambucano: 2002
Coritiba
Campeonato Paranaense: 2004
Ashdod
Liga Leumit: 2015–16
References
External links
CBF data
1980 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Clube Náutico Capibaribe players
Coritiba Foot Ball Club players
Fortaleza Esporte Clube players
Paulista Futebol Clube players
Primeira Liga players
C.F. Os Belenenses players
Rio Ave F.C. players
Ligue 1 players
AS Saint-Étienne players
Qatar Stars League players
Umm Salal SC players
La Liga players
Real Valladolid players
Israeli Premier League players
Liga Leumit players
Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C. players
Maccabi Yavne F.C. players
F.C. Ashdod players
Hapoel Katamon Jerusalem F.C. players
Lagarto Futebol Clube players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in France
Expatriate men's footballers in Qatar
Expatriate men's footballers in Spain
Expatriate men's footballers in Israel
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in France
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Qatar
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Israel
Sportspeople from Feira de Santana
Otter Light Reconnaissance Car

Otter Light Reconnaissance Car
The Otter Light Reconnaissance Car (known officially by the British as Car, Light Reconnaissance, Canadian GM (R.A.C.) was a light armoured car produced in Canada during the Second World War for British and Commonwealth forces.
History
The Otter Light Reconnaissance Car (LRC) was developed by General Motors Canada to meet the demand for this type of armoured car. The design followed the layout of the British Humber Mark III LRC.
Design
The Otter was based on the Chevrolet C15 Canadian Military Pattern truck chassis and used many standard GM components. It took a crew of three - driver and commander seated in the vehicle front, while the gunner occupied the turret position at the rear. A Wireless Set No. 19 was mounted in the rear with A and B set aerials extending from the rear of the fighting compartment on mounting arms.
The primary armament consisted of a hull-mounted Boys anti-tank rifle and a Bren light machine gun in a small open-topped turret. A smoke discharger is mounted alongside the mounting for the Boy's anti-tank rifle.
Although it used a more powerful engine than the Humber, it was larger and heavier (by a ton); overall performance was less than that of the Humber but still acceptable.
Production
Between 1942 and 1945, 1761 units were produced in Oshawa, Ontario, though fewer than 1,000 were delivered overseas.
Usage
The Otter served with Canadian units in the Italian Campaign and Northwest European operations.
It was also employed by the South African Army and the British RAF Regiment. Some RAF regiment vehicles used aircraft armament such as 20mm cannon and 0.303 Browning machine guns.
After the war, the Otter was used by the Jordanian Army during the First Arab-Israeli War and Dutch Army during the Indonesian Revolution. The Syrian Army also operated the type after the war, with turretless Otter armed with 7.5 mm FM 24/29 light machine gun in pintle mounts or with 37 mm Puteaux SA 18 in a turret taken from other British-built armoured car.
Variants
Car, Light Reconnaissance, Canadian, G.M. Mark 1(R.A.C.) with a turret.
Car, Light Reconnaissance, Canadian, G.M. Mark 2 (R.A.C.) without a turret.
Surviving vehicles
The Karl Smith Collection in Tooele, Utah.
The RAF Regiment Museum, Honington.
Hellenic Historical Vehicles Preservation Club, Greece,
Fort Nieuw Amsterdam Open Air Museum, Surinam.
Gallery
See also
C15TA Armoured Truck
Canadian Military Pattern truck
References
Notes
Bibliography
White, BT AFV Profile No. 30 ''Armoured Cars - Marmon-Herrington, Alvis-Straussler, Light Reconnaissance (1971) Profile Publishing
Roger V.Lucy, ""The Otter Light Reconnaissance Car in Canadian Service", Service Publications,Ottawa, 2012
External links
Battlefront.co.nz
Photo gallery at Tanxheaven.com
Haugh, D Otter datasheet
World War II armoured cars
World War II armoured fighting vehicles of Canada
Reconnaissance vehicles of World War II
Military vehicles introduced from 1940 to 1944
أداد نيراري الثالث

أداد نيراري الثالث
أدد- نراري الثالث ملك آشوري للفترة (810 - 783 ق.م)، خلف والده شمشي أدد الخامس على عرش الدولة الآشورية وهو لا يزال طفل، فتولت الوصاية عليه لمدة خمس سنوات أمه شامورامات التي عرفتها المصادر الإغريقية باسم (سميراميس) ، وتشير بعض النقوش التاريخية إلى إرسالها قادة جيشها للقيام ببعض الحملات العسكرية ضد الميديين وألمانيين وحملة تأديبية وجهتها ضد آراميي بيت بخياني.
وجه أدد- نراري الثالث عدة حملات إلى سورية، حيث كان سبب اهتمامه الكبير بالممالك والاراضي التي تقع إلى الغرب من بلاد آشور تعود لأهميتها الفائقة في تمويل الدولة الآشورية لما تحتاج إليه من أخشاب ومعادن و يد عاملة، حيث اجبرت تلك الحملات ملك دمشق مريئي يدفع الجزية للآشوريين. وقام كذلك بمهاجمة إمارة بيت أجوشي وعاصمتها أرباد وكان ملكها آنذاك أترشمكي، وقام فيما بعد بترسيم الحدود بين زكور ملك حماة وأترشمكي ملك أرباد. وقام الملك الآشوري بعبور نهر الفرات وكانت برفقته أمه الملكة شامورامات حيث واجه تحالفاً ضم مجموعة من الإمارات السورية كان على رأسها أترشمكي ملك أرباد. وبعد الانتصار على هذا الحلف، قام الملك أدد- نراري مع والدته بالإشراف على ترسيم الحدود بين مدينتي كوموه وجرجوم (في تركيا حالياً).
وقام بتكليف عامله (نرجال- إيرش) بان يكون حاكم الرصافة (واسمها في النصوص الآشورية رصابا) الواقعة بين تدمر ونهر الفرات، أي إن يكون مسؤولاً عن جزء كبير من منطقة الفرات الأوسط، وقد كلفه أيضاً بتجديد بناء العديد من القرى والبلدات الواقعة ضمن إدارته. وقد ذكر ذلك في نصوص على مسلة سبعة ومسلة تل الرماح
المراجع
وصلات خارجية
الموسوعة العربية
«مؤسسة سعاده للثقافة» تطلق النفير لاستعادة الملك أداد نيراري.
إمبراطورية آشورية حديثة
حكام أطفال قدماء
حكام القرن 8 ق م
حكام القرن 9 ق م
سنة الولادة غير معروفة
ملوك آشوريون
ملوك فضاء كوني
مواليد القرن 9 ق م
وفيات 783 ق م
Hesperocyon

Hesperocyon is an extinct genus of canids (subfamily Hesperocyoninae, family Canidae) that was endemic to North America, ranging from southern Canada to Colorado. It appeared during the Uintan age, –Bridgerian age (NALMA) of the Mid-Eocene– 42.5 Ma to 31.0 Ma. (AEO). Hesperocyon existed for approximately .
Taxonomy
Hesperocyon was assigned to Borophagini by Wang et al. in 1999 and was the earliest of the canids to evolve after the Caniformia-Feliformia split some 42 million years ago. Fossil evidence dates Hesperocyon gregarius to at least 37 mya, but the oldest Hesperocyon has been dated at 39.74 mya from the Duchesnean North American land mammal age.
The Canidae subfamily Hesperocyoninae probably arose out of Hesperocyon to become the first of the three great dogs groups: Hesperocyoninae (~40–30 Ma), Borophaginae (~36–2 Ma), and the Caninae lineage that led to the present-day canids (including grey wolves, foxes, coyotes, jackals and dogs). At least 28 known species of Hesperocyoninae evolved out of Hesperocyon, including those in the following five genera: Ectopocynus (32–19 mya), Osbornodon (32–18 mya), Paraenhydrocyon (20–25 mya), Mesocyon (31–15 mya) and Enhydrocyon (31–15 mya).
Morphology
This early, canine looked more like a civet or a small raccoon. Its body and tail were long and flexible, while its limbs were weak and short. Still, the build of its ossicles and distribution of its teeth showed it was a canid. It may have been an omnivore—unlike the hypercarnivorous Borophaginae that later split from this canid lineage.
Fossil record
The oldest fossil evidence was recovered from Saskatchewan dating from 42.5 mya to 31.0 Ma. The youngest fossil was recovered from the Dog Jaw Butte site, Goshen County, Wyoming dating to the Arikareean age (NALMA) of the Oligocene and Miocene 42.5 mya—31.0 Ma. (AEO).
References
Hesperocyonines
Eocene carnivorans
Oligocene canids
Transitional fossils
Prehistoric carnivoran genera
Paleogene mammals of North America
Fossil taxa described in 1890
Philippa Boyens

Philippa Boyens
Philippa Jane Boyens (born 1962) is a New Zealand screenwriter who co-wrote the screenplay for The Lord of the Rings series, King Kong, The Lovely Bones, and the three-part film The Hobbit.
Biography
Born in 1962, Boyens is the daughter of John Fraser Boyens and Jane Moana Menhennet. She was educated at Massey High School, and was later a part-time student at the University of Auckland, graduating with a BA in English and history in 1994. After that Boyens joined a theatre company and her wages were paid by the government in a PEP scheme.
Boyens received a Distinguished Alumni Award from the University and Auckland in 2006.
Boyens co-wrote the screenplay for Peter Jackson's films The Lord of the Rings series, King Kong, The Lovely Bones, and the three-part film The Hobbit, all with Jackson and Fran Walsh.
Boyens, Jackson, and Walsh won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King at the 76th Academy Awards in 2004. She was co-producer on every one of Jackson's films since King Kong, and on District 9. Prior to screen-writing, Boyens worked in theater as a playwright, teacher, producer, and editor.
Boyens was director of the New Zealand Writers Guild for a time.
Work on Lord of the Rings
Boyens first became a Tolkien fan as a child. When she came on board to help the writing team on The Lord of the Rings, she had already read the book seven times.
Filmography
Writer
Producer
Soundtrack
Awards
In the 2004 Queen's Birthday Honours, Boyens was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to film.
Personal life
Boyens has three children, Phoebe and Calum Gittins, whose father is actor Paul Gittins, and Isaac Miller. All have worked as actors on screen on movies Boyens has been involved in: Phoebe Gittins as a Hobbit in The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, in The Lovely Bones, and in the Prancing Pony in The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug; Calum Gittens appeared as Haleth in The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers; and Isaac Miller appeared as a young Hobbit in a flashback of the Old Took's party in the extended edition of The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey.
References
External links
1962 births
21st-century New Zealand women writers
21st-century New Zealand writers
21st-century screenwriters
Best Adapted Screenplay Academy Award winners
Best Adapted Screenplay BAFTA Award winners
Hugo Award-winning writers
Living people
Members of the New Zealand Order of Merit
Nebula Award winners
New Zealand screenwriters
New Zealand women screenwriters
People educated at Massey High School
University of Auckland alumni
NGC 240

NGC 240 هي مجرة في كوكبة الحوت اكتشفت في 22 أكتوبر 1886.
مراجع
روابط خارجية
أجرام الفهرس العام الجديد
اكتشافات لويس سويفت
فهرس المجرات الرئيسية
كوكبة الحوت
مجرات حلزونية
2018 Kazakhstan Premier League

2018 Kazakhstan Premier League
The 2018 Kazakhstan Premier League was the 27th season of the Kazakhstan Premier League, the highest football league competition in Kazakhstan. Astana defended their championship, winning the Premier League for a fifth time.
Teams
FC Okzhetpes and FC Taraz were relegated at the end of the 2016 season, and were replaced by FC Zhetysu and FC Kyzylzhar.
Team overview
Personnel and kits
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players and Managers may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Foreign players
The number of foreign players is restricted to eight per KPL team. A team can use only five foreign players on the field in each game.
In bold: Players that have been capped for their national team.
Managerial changes
Regular season
Table
Results
Games 1–22
Games 23–33
Relegation play-offs
Statistics
Scoring
First goal of the season: Pavel Shabalin for Irtysh Pavlodar against Atyrau (11 March 2018)
Top scorers
Hat-tricks
References
External links
Official website
Kazakhstan Premier League seasons
1
Kazakh
Kazakh
John Brock (footballer)

John Brock (footballer)
John George Graham Brock (15 December 1915 – 1976) was an English footballer who played as a Goalkeeper for Swindon Town.
Turned out for Bristol University before joining Forest Green Rovers in 1935 he was then soon trailing before eventually joining Swindon Town who paid 1 Guinea to cover his services
He later returned to Forest Green Rovers shortly before World War II and later played for Gloucester City.
References
External links
Swindon Town FC record
1915 births
1976 deaths
English men's footballers
Forest Green Rovers F.C. players
Swindon Town F.C. players
Gloucester City A.F.C. players
English Football League players
Men's association football goalkeepers
Place of birth missing
Jacob Heinrich Wilhelm Lehmann

Jacob Heinrich Wilhelm Lehmann (3 January 1800 – 17 July 1863) was a German astronomer. His specialty was computational astronomy, and at the time he was widely known and recognized within his field. He is most noted today as the namesake for the crater Lehmann on the Moon.
References
19th-century German astronomers
1800 births
1863 deaths
Gospel of Mani

Gospel of Mani
The Living Gospel (also Great Gospel, Gospel of the Living and variants) was a 3rd-century gnostic gospel written by the Manichaean prophet Mani. It was originally written in Syriac and called the Evangelion, from the Greek ("good news") and was one of the seven original scriptures of Manichaeism. A number of fragments are preserved in the Cologne Mani-Codex (discovered 1969) and on manuscript fragments found in Turfan beginning in 1904. Some Coptic manuscript fragments recovered at Fayyum appear to contain a sort of commentary or homily on the gospel.
The Iranian scholar Al-Biruni (973–after 1050), who still had access to the full text at his time of writing, commented that it was a "gospel of a special kind", unlike any of the gospels of the Christians, and that the Manichaeans insisted that theirs was the only true gospel, and that the various gospels of the Christians misrepresented the truth about the Messiah.
There is a tendency in historical scholarship to confuse the Mani's Living Gospel with another of his works, known as Ertenk or Ardhang/Arzhang (ancient Persian: , approximately "message of truth") or The Picture Book. The Ardhang was in fact a picture-book, given the name of in Greek and Coptic. This was a book containing illustrations to accompany and facilitate the understanding of Mani's cosmology. Photius (or pseudo-Photius) comments on the text, saying that it contains a falsified account of some of the acts of Jesus, while Peter of Sicily insists that it contained no such material.
It is known that the gospel had 22 parts, each labelled by a different letter of the Aramaic alphabet. The combination of two Turfan fragments allows the reconstruction of the text of the first part. The section deals with the nature of the "King of the World of Light" who resides at the "Navel of the World" but is also present on his whole earth, from without as from within, having no limits except where his earth borders on that of his enemy, the "Kingdom of Darkness". Schneemelcher (1990) suggests tentatively that the text may have been designed as a gospel of the gnostic type, perhaps intended to comment on or replace the Christian gospel.
See also
List of Gospels
Father of Greatness
Prince of Darkness (Manichaeism)
References
External links
The Opening Words of the Living Gospel
Mani
Lost apocrypha
3rd-century books
Manichaean texts
Texts in Syriac
Olaf Broch

Olaf Broch (4 August 1867, Horten28 January 1961, Oslo) was a Norwegian linguist. He was born in Horten, and was a brother of children's writer Lagertha Broch, zoologist Hjalmar Broch, and social worker Nanna Broch. He was a professor of Slavic languages at the University of Oslo from 1900 to 1937. Among his works are Slawische Phonetik from 1911, Håndbok i elementær fonetikk from 1921, and Proletariatets diktatur from 1923. He translated works by Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoyevsky into Norwegian. He was decorated Commander of the Order of St. Olav in 1946.
Broch was a pioneer in the field of Slavic studies in Norway and one of the first scholars to use modern methods to describe the phonetics of Slavic languages.
References
Notes
Further reading
1867 births
1961 deaths
People from Horten
Linguists from Norway
Academic staff of the University of Oslo
Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
Corresponding Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1917–1925)
Corresponding Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
20th-century Norwegian translators
باربرا كريد

باربرا كريد هي أكاديمية أسترالية، ولدت في 1943.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة ملبورن
خريجو جامعة لا تروب
خريجو جامعة موناش
مواليد 1943
فيليب ماير (صحفي)

فيليب ماير (صحفي)
فيليب ماير هو صحفي أمريكي، ولد في 27 أكتوبر 1930 في ديشلير في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
مواليد 1930
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة ولاية كارولينا الشمالية في تشابل هيل
Collinsonia canadensis

Collinsonia canadensis, commonly called richweed or stoneroot, is a species of perennial herb in the mint family.
It is native to eastern North America, primarily east of the Mississippi River, where it is widespread. It is the most broadly distributed member of the genus Collinsonia, ranging north to Quebec and south to Florida. Its natural habitat is nutrient-rich mesic forests, most often in rocky, calcareous areas. Collinsonia canadensis can grow up to tall and has terminal clusters of tiny, tubular yellow flowers. Leaves are green, large, sharply toothed, and ovate.
It produces lemon-scented flowers in mid-summer, a time when little else is in bloom in densely shaded forests.
Traditional herbal use
Collinsonia canadensis was used by Native Americans to treat a variety of ailments. However, European-American settlers in North America did not often use this species after they initially discovered it, due to it lacking any conspicuous toxic qualities. It was not until the mid-1800s when it regained popularity as a medicinal herb.
The leaves can be brewed into tea, and the subterranean stem was once used as a diuretic, tonic, and astringent.
Gallery
References
Lamiaceae
Flora of Northern America
Plants used in traditional Native American medicine
Plants described in 1753
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus