Cottidae

Cottidae
The Cottidae are a family of fish in the superfamily Cottoidea, the sculpins. It is the largest sculpin family, with about 275 species in 70 genera. They are referred to simply as cottids to avoid confusion with sculpins of other families.
Cottids are distributed worldwide, especially in boreal and colder temperate climates. The center of diversity is the northern Pacific Ocean. Species occupy many types of aquatic habitats, including marine and fresh waters, and deep and shallow zones. A large number occur in near-shore marine habitat types, such as kelp forests and shallow reefs. They can be found in estuaries and in bodies of fresh water.
Most cottids are small fish, under in length.
Taxonomy
The Cottidae was first recognised as a taxonomic grouping by the French zoologist Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1831. The composition of the family and its taxonomic relationships have been the subject of some debate among taxonomists. The 5th edition of Fishes of the World retains a rather conservative classification, although it includes the families Comephoridae and Abbyssocottidae as subfamilies of the Cottidae recognising that these taxa are very closely related to some of the freshwater sculpins in the genus Cottus. Other workers have found that Cottidae is largely restricted to the freshwater sculpins, i.e. Cottus, Leptocottus, Mesocottus, Trachidermus, and the species flock in and around Lake Baikal, and the marine genera are placed in the Psychrolutidae.
Genera
The genera of the family include:
Subfamily Cottinae Bonaparte, 1831
Alcichthys Jordan & Starks, 1904
Andriashevicottus Fedorov, 1990
Antipodocottus Bolin, 1952
Archistes Jordan & Gilbert, 1898
Argyrocottus Herzenstein, 1892
Artediellichthys Fedorov, 1973
Artediellina Taranetz, 1941
Artedielloides Soldatov, 1922
Artediellus Jordan, 1885
Artedius Girard, 1856
Ascelichthys Jordan & Gilbert, 1880
Asemichthys Gilbert, 1912
Astrocottus Bolin, 1936
Atopocottus Bolin, 1936
Bero Jordan & Starks, 1904
Bolinia Yabe, 1991
Chitonotus Lockington, 1879
Clinocottus Gill, 1861
Cottiusculus Jordan & Starks, 1904
Cottocomephorus Pellegrin, 1900
Cottus Linnaeus, 1758
Daruma Jordan & Starks 1904
Enophrys Swainson, 1839
Furcina Jordan & Starks, 1904
Gymnocanthus Swainson, 1839
Icelinus Jordan, 1885
Icelus Krøyer, 1845
Leiocottus Girard, 1856
Leocottus Palmer, 1961
Lepidobero K. J. Qin & X. B. Jin, 1992
Leptocottus Girard, 1854
Megalocottus Gill, 1861
Mesocottus Gratzianov, 1907
Micrenophrys Andriashev, 1954
Microcottus Schmidt, 1940
Myoxocephalus Tilesius, 1811
Ocynectes Jordan & Starks, 1904
Oligocottus Girard 1856
Orthonopias Starks & Mann, 1911
Paracottus Taliev, 1949
Phallocottus Schultz, 1938
Phasmatocottus Bolin, 1936
Porocottus Gill, 1859
Pseudoblennius Temminck & Schlegel, 1850
Radulinopsis Soldatov & Lindberg, 1930
Radulinus Gilbert, 1890
Rastrinus Jordan & Evermann, 1896
Ricuzenius Jordan & Starks, 1904
Ruscarius Jordan & Starks, 1895
Sigmistes Rutter, 1898″
Stelgistrum Jordan & Gilbert, 1898
Stlengis Jordan & Starks, 1904
Synchirus Bean, 1890
Taurocottus Soldatov & Pavlenko, 1915
Taurulus Gratzianov, 1907
Trachidermis Heckel, 1837
Thyriscus Gilbert & Burke, 1912
Trichocottus Soldatov & Pavlenko, 1915
Triglops Reinhardt, 1830
Vellitor Jordan & Starks, 1904
Zesticelus Jordan & Evermann, 1896
subfamily Comephorinae Bonaparte, 1850
Comephorus Lacépède, 1800
subfamily Abyssocottinae Berg, 1907
Abyssocottus Berg, 1906
Asprocottus Berg, 1906
Batrachocottus Berg, 1903
Cyphocottus Sideleva, 2003
Cottinella Berg, 1907
Limnocottus Berg, 1906
Neocottus Sideleva, 1982
Procottus Gratzianov, 1902
See also
List of fish families
References
Cottoidea
Ray-finned fish families
Extant Oligocene first appearances
Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte