Plants of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve

Plants of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve
This is a list of plants found in the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve. The reserve straddles the Mexican states of Colima and Jalisco. It is located in the transition between the Nearctic and Neotropical realms and encompasses parts of the Sierra Madre del Sur, with a wide range of altitudes, climates and soils. The effects of tectonic and volcanic activities and erosion are notable within the reserve.
Ecological characteristics
Forest types in the reserve including mesophytic, cloud, dry deciduous and semi-deciduous tropical forests. Anthropologists know the region as Zona de Occidente, an area notably different from the rest of Mesoamerica. Some ceramic remnants, figurines and graves have been found, but there is little other material evidence of ancient human settlement. As of 1995 almost 8,000 people lived in the Sierra de Manantlán Reserve, engaged mainly in agriculture (corn, beans, tomatoes, sugar cane, watermelon, mangoes), livestock grazing, timber production, and extraction of wood for fuel and mining of coal or minerals. Another 30,000 lived in the surrounding communities and almost 700,000 in the surrounding region.
The Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve is located to the extreme north of the inter-tropical zone. The climate in the region is influenced by its proximity to the coast, the effect of its landform (orographic shade) and the breadth of its altitudinal range. These characteristics explain the high biodiversity and the presence of numerous plant formations ranging from tropical forests to temperate-cold climates.
The Sierra de Manantlán's varied and complex plant cover harbours a great wealth of flora. There are over 2900 species of vascular plants belonging to 981 genera. Wildlife is one of the important components of the high biodiversity in this reserve. Among the main values of the Sierra de Manantlán, in addition to its great wealth of species and its unique biogeographical characteristics, particular mention should be made of the presence of endangered or useful endemic species. So far 110 mammal species have been reported, including the Mexican vole subspecies Microtus mexicanus neveriae, the pocket gopher Cratogeomys gymnurus russelli, the oncilla, jaguarandi, ocelot, puma, bobcat, jaguar and four species of nectarivorous bats.
There are 336 bird species which have been reported, among them are 36 which are endemic to Mexico, such as the charismatic species: crested guan (Penelope purpurascens), military macaw (Ara militaris), red-lored amazon (Amazona autumnalis) and the Mexican national symbol, the golden eagle. In terms of herpetofauna, 85 species have been recorded; of these 13 are endemic to the western and central region of Mexico: rattlesnake, black iguana, frog Shyrrhopus modestus, beaded lizard (Heloderma horridum) and the Autlan rattlesnake (Crotalus lannomi), an endemic species only reported for the area of Puerto de Los Mazos. Of the 16 species of fish identified, 13 are native and four are endemic to the region.
Most plants in the list below can be found in Flora de Manantlán, and that should be assumed as a reference when no other is indicated. References to other sources are included where found. The herbarium web pages at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and at the Missouri Botanical Garden are used as authorities for names with adjustments for the system in use by Wikipedia. Species include ecosystem, growth habit, and common names where available.
Cycads
Zamiaceae
Zamia loddigesii: a shrub or
Coniferae
Pines and their allies.
Cupressaceae
Cupressus
Cupressus lusitanica: a tree or – found in pine forest and pine-fir forest – called Mexican white cedar, cedar-of-Goa, cypress, in Spanish
Pinaceae
Abies
Abies guatemalensis: tree
Abies religiosa: tree – cloud forest, pine-fir forest – sacred fir
Pinus
Pinus devoniana: tree
Pinus douglasiana: tree – cloud forest, pine-oak forest, pine forest –
Pinus durangensis: tree
Pinus herrerae: tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest –
Pinus leiophylla: tree
Pinus maximinoi: tree –
Pinus montezumae: tree
Pinus oocarpa: tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest
Pinus pseudostrobus: tree – pine forest, pine-fir forest –
Podocarpaceae
Podocarpus
Podocarpus matudae: tree
Monocotyledons or Liliopsida
Cyperaceae
Cyperus
Cyperus hermaphroditus
Graminea or Poaceae
Festuca
Festuca breviglumis
Liliaceae or Asparagaceae
Agave
Agave maximiliana
Otatea
Otatea acuminata –
Otatea aztecorum
Piptochaetium
Piptochaetium virescens
Zea
Zea diploperennis –
Smilacaceae
Smilax
Smilax domingensis
Typhaceae
Typha
Typha domingensis
Magnoliopsida or Dicotyledons
Flowering plants
Acanthaceae
Aphelandra
Aphelandra lineariloba: shrub
Aphelandra madrensis: shrub
Barleria
Barleria micans: shrub
Dicliptera
Dicliptera resupinata: herb
Dyschoriste
Dyschoriste hirsutissima: herb – ,
Dyschoriste saltuensis: herb
Dyschoriste rubiginosa or D. angustifolia: herb
Elytraria
Elytraria imbricata: herb
Henrya
Henrya insularis: herb
Henrya tuberculosperma: herb
Justicia or Jacobinia
Jacobinia mexicana: herb
Justicia aurea: herb
Justicia candicans: herb
Justicia reflexiflora: herb
Justicia salviiflora: herb
Justicia spicigera: herb
Pseuderanthemum
Pseuderanthemum praecox: herb
Pseuderanthemum standleyi: herb
Ruellia
Ruellia bourgaei: shrub
Ruellia jaliscana: shrub
Ruellia mcvaughii: shrub
Ruellia novogaliciana: shrub
Ruellia spissa: herb
Ruellia stemonacanthoides: herb
Tetramerium
Tetramerium glandulosum: herb
Tetramerium nervosum: herb
Tetramerium tenuissimum: herb
Ruellia or Blechum
Blechum brownei: herb
Actinidiaceae
Saurauia
Saurauia serrata: tree –
Aizoaceae or Molluginaceae
Mollugo
Mollugo verticillata
Trianthema
Trianthema portulacastrum: herb
Amaranthaceae
Achyranthes
Achyranthes aspera: herb –
Alternanthera
Alternanthera achyrantha: herb
Amaranthus
Amaranthus cruentus: herb
Amaranthus dubius: herb –
Amaranthus hybridus: herb –
Amaranthus palmeri: herb –
Amaranthus polygonoides: herb
Amaranthus spinosus: herb –
Celosia
Celosia orcutti: herb
Chamissoa
Chamissoa altissima: herb –
Froelichia
Froelichia interrupta: herb
Gomphrena
Gomphrena decumbens: herb
Iresine
Iresine angustifolia: herb –
Iresine calea: herb
Iresine cassiniiformis: herb
Iresine diffusa: herb –
Iresine hartmanii: herb
Iresine interrupta: herb –
Iresine nigra: herb –
Lagrezia
Lagrezia monosperma: herb
Pleuropetalum
Pleuropetalum sprucei: herb
Anacardiaceae
Amphipterygium
Amphipterygium adstringens
Astronium
Astronium graveolenss
Cyrtocarpa
Cyrtocarpa procera
Pistacia
Pistacia mexicana: tree –
Pseudosmodingium
Pseudosmodingium perniciosum
Rhus
Rhus pachyrrhachis
Rhus schmidelioides
Rhus terebinthifolia
Spondias
Spondias purpurea: tree – ,
Toxicodendron
Toxicodendron radicans: vine –
Toxicodendron radicans var. divaricatum: vine –
Apiaceae
Eryngium
Eryngium palmeri
Annonaceae
Annona
Annona cherimola: tree –
Annona longifolia: tree –
Annona muricata: tree – ,
Annona purpurea: tree – ,
Annona reticulata: tree –
Annona squamosa: tree – sugar apple
Apocynaceae or Asclepiadaceae
Asclepias
Asclepias angustifolia: herb
Asclepias auriculata: herb
Asclepias contrayerba: herb
Asclepias crocea: herb
Asclepias curassavica: herb –
Asclepias glaucescens: herb
Asclepias mcvaughii: herb
Asclepias ovata: herb –
Asclepias pellucida: herb
Asclepias pringlei: herb
Asclepias sp. nov.: herb
Blepharodon
Blepharodon mucronatum: vine
Cryptostegia
Cryptostegia grandiflora: vine – rubber vine,
Cynanchum
Cynanchum foetidum: vine
Cynanchum jaliscanum: vine
Cynanchum ligulatum: vine
Cynanchum unifarium: vine
Cynanchum sp. nov.: vine
Funastrum
(Formerly Sarcostemma)
Funastrum bilobum: vine
Funastrum clausum: vine
Funastrum elegans: vine
Funastrum heterophyllum: vine
Funastrum pannosum: vine
Gonolobus
Gonolobus chloranthus: vine
Gonolobus jaliscensis: vine
Gonolobus macranthus: vine
Gonolobus sp. nov. 1: vine
Gonolobus sp. nov. 2: vine
Marsdenia
Marsdenia astephanoides: vine
Marsdenia lanata: vine
Marsdenia mexicana: vine
Matelea
Matelea aspera: vine
Matelea balbisii: vine
Matelea chrysantha: vine
Matelea crenata: vine
Matelea cyclophylla: vine
Matelea dictyantha: vine
Matelea pavonii: vine
Matelea quirosii: vine
Matelea sp.: vine
Matelea sp. nov.: vine
Mellichampia
Mellichampia sp.: vine
Metastelma
Metastelma sp.: vine
Apocynaceae
Alstonia
Alstonia longifolia: tree
Haplophyton
Haplophyton cinereum: herb
Laubertia
Laubertia contorta
Mandevilla
Mandevilla andrieuxii: vine
Mandevilla foliosa: vine
Mandevilla subsagittata: vine
Mandevilla syrinx: vine
Plumeria
Plumeria obtusa: shrub – ,
Plumeria rubra: shrub – ,
Prestonia
Prestonia mexicana: shrub
Rauvolfia
Rauvolfia canescens:
Rauvolfia tetraphylla: shrub
Stemmadenia
Stemmadenia donnell-smithii: shrub –
Stemmadenia tomentosa: shrub –
Tabernaemontana
Tabernaemontana alba: shrub
Thenardia
Thenardia floribunda: tree
Thevetia
Thevetia ovata: shrub
Vallesia
Vallesia sp. nov.
Vinca
Vinca major: perennial groundcover –
Aquifoliaceae
Ilex
Ilex brandegeana: cloud forest
Ilex tolucana: ivy
Araliaceae
Aralia
Aralia humilis: tree –
Dendropanax
Dendropanax arboreus: cloud forest
Oreopanax
Oreopanax echinops: tree –
Oreopanax peltatus: tree
Oreopanax santanderianus: tree
Oreopanax xalapensis: tree – cloud forest
Aristolochiaceae
Aristolochia
Aristolochia buntingii: vine
Aristolochia foetida: vine
Aristolochia malacophylla: vine
Aristolochia styloglossa: vine –
Aristolochia taliscana: vine – ,
Aristolochia tequilana: vine –
Balsaminaceae
Impatiens
Impatiens balsamina: herb –
Basellaceae
Anredera
Anredera vesicaria: vine
Begoniaceae
Begonia
Begonia balmisiana: herb –
Begonia biserrata: herb
Begonia calderonii: herb
Begonia gracilis: annual herb
Begonia heracleifolia: herb
Begonia lachaoensis: herb
Begonia monophylla: herb
Begonia oaxacana: herb
Begonia ornithophylla: herb
Begonia plebeja: herb
Begonia stigmosa: herb
Begonia uruapensis: herb
Begonia sp. 1: herb
Begonia sp. 2: herb
Begonia sp. 3: herb
Berberidaceae
Berberis
Berberis incerta: shrub
Betulaceae
Alnus
Alnus acuminata arguta: tree –
Alnus jorullensis: tree – pine-oak forest, pine forest –
Alnus jorullensis lutea: tree –
Carpinus
Carpinus tropicalis: cloud forest, pine-oak forest –
Ostrya
Ostrya virginiana: cloud forest – ,
Bignoniaceae
Amphilophium
Amphilophium paniculatum: vine
Amphilophium paniculatum paniculatum: vine
Astianthus
Astianthus viminalis: shrub –
Crescentia
Crescentia alata: shrub tree –
Distictis
Distictis buccinatoria: shrub tree –
Melloa
Melloa quadrivalvis: shrub tree – ,
Pithecoctenium
Pithecoctenium crucigerum: shrub tree
Tabebuia
Tabebuia chrysantha: shrub –
Tabebuia rosea: shrub –
Tecoma
Tecoma stans: shrub – ,
Bixaceae
Bixa
Bixa orellana: shrub or tree –
Bombacaceae
Bernoullia
Bernoullia flammea
Ceiba
Ceiba acuminata: tree
Ceiba aesculifolia: tree –
Ceiba pentandra: tree – ,
Pseudobombax
Pseudobombax ellipticum –
Pseudobombax palmeri: tree
Boraginaceae
Bourreria
Bourreria superba
Cordia
Cordia alliodora: tree –
Cordia cordiformis: tree
Cordia diversifolia: tree –
Cordia eleagnoides: tree –
Cordia inermis: tree
Cordia morelosana: tree
Cordia prunifolia: tree –
Cordia salvadorensis: tree
Cordia spinescens: tree –
Ehretia
Ehretia latifolia: tree
Heliotropium
Heliotropium fallax: herb
Heliotropium indicum: annual herb – ,
Heliotropium procumbens: herb
Heliotropium rufipilum: herb –
Macromeria
Macromeria exserta: herb
Macromeria longiflora: herb
Tournefortia
Tournefortia acutiflora: herb
Tournefortia hirsutissima: herb
Tournefortia mutabilis: herb
Tournefortia petiolaris: herb
Tournefortia volubilis: herb
Tournefortia petiolaris: herb
Tournefortia petiolaris: herb
Buddlejaceae
Buddleja
Buddleja cordata: shrub – butterfly bush
Buddleja parviflora: shrub –
Buddleja sessiliflora: shrub –
Burseraceae
Bursera
Bursera bipinata: tree
Bursera bipinata × Bursera copalifera: tree
Bursera copalifera: tree
Bursera diversifolia: tree
Bursera fagaroides: tree – ,
Bursera grandifolia: tree –
Bursera graveolens: tree –
Bursera heteresthes: tree
Bursera kerberi: tree
Bursera multijuga: tree
Bursera penicillata: tree
Bursera rhoifolia: tree
Bursera schlechtendalii: tree
Bursera simaruba: tree –
Bursera sp. nov.
Commiphora
Commiphora sarcopoda: tree
Terebinthus
Terebinthus acuminata: tree
Cactaceae
Acanthocereus
Acanthocereus occidentalis: vine cactus
Cephalocereus
Cephalocereus alensis: barrel cactus –
Epiphyllum
Epiphyllum anguliger: vine cactus –
Ferocactus
Ferocactus reppenhagenii: barrel cactus –
Heliocereus
Heliocereus speciosus: vine cactus –
Hylocereus
Hylocereus ocamponis: vine cactus –
Hylocereus purpusii: vine cactus
Mammillaria
Mammillaria beneckei: barrel cactus
Mammillaria reppenhagenii: barrel cactus –
Mammillaria scrippsiana: barrel cactus
Mammillaria supraflumen: barrel cactus
Neobuxbaumia
Neobuxbaumia mezcalensis
Nopalea
Nopalea karwinskiana: nopal cactus – prickly pear
Opuntia
Opuntia atropes: nopal cactus
Opuntia fuliginosa: nopal cactus – ,
Opuntia puberula: nopal cactus –
Pachycereus
Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum –
Peniocereus
Peniocereus cuixmalensis: vine cactus
Pereskiopsis
Pereskiopsis aquosa: cactus bush
Pereskiopsis diguetii: cactus bush – ,
Rhipsalis
Rhipsalis baccifera: cactus herb
Selenicereus
Selenicereus atropilosus: vine cactus
Selenicereus vagans: vine cactus
Stenocereus
Stenocereus queretaroensis –
Callitrichaceae
Callitriche
Callitriche heterophylla: aquatic herb
Campanulaceae or Lobeliaceae
Diastatea
Diastatea micrantha
Heterotoma
Heterotoma lobelioides var. glabra: annual herb
Lobelia
Lobelia cordifolia: annual herb
Lobelia fenestralis: annual herb
Lobelia jaliscensis: annual herb –
Lobelia laxiflora: annual herb
Lobelia longicaulis: annual herb
Lobelia occidentalis: annual herb
Capparaceae
Capparis
Capparis mollicella: shrub – caper,
Capparis quiriguensis: shrub
Cleome
Cleome pilosa: annual herb
Cleome speciosa: annual herb –
Cleome tenuis: annual herb –
Cleome viscosa: annual herb
Crateva
Crateva palmeri: tree – ,
Morisonia
Morisonia americana: tree –
Capparaceae or Resedaceae
Forchhammeria
Forchhammeria pallida
Forchhammeria sessifolia
Caprifoliaceae
Lonicera
Lonicera acutifolia: shrub – honeysuckle
Symphoricarpos
Symphoricarpos microphyllus: shrub
Caprifoliaceae or Adoxaceae
Viburnum
Viburnum hartwegii: shrub
Viburnum microcarpum: shrub
Caricaceae
Carica
Carica papaya: tree – papaya
Jacaratia
Jacaratia mexicana: tree –
Jarilla
Jarilla chocola: tree
Caryophyllaceae
Arenaria
Arenaria lanuginosa: herb – sandwort
Arenaria megalantha: herb – sandwort
Cerastium
Cerastium nutans: herb – chickweed
Cerastium sinaloense: herb – chickweed
Drymaria
Drymaria cordata: herb
Drymaria excisa: herb
Drymaria gracilis: herb
Drymaria minuscula: herb
Drymaria villosa: herb
Stellaria
Stellaria spp.: herbs - starwort, stitchwort; (formerly the now-obsolete genus Alsine)
Stellaria cuspidata: herb – chickweed
Celastraceae
Celastrus
Celastrus pringlei: shrub – ,
Perrottetia
Perrottetia longistylis: bush
Rhacoma
Rhacoma eucymosa: tree
Rhacoma managuatillo
Schaefferia
Schaefferia frutescens: shrub
Schaefferia pilosa: shrub
Wimmeria
Wimmeria lanceolata: shrub –
Zinowiewia
Zinowiewia concinna: shrub – cloud forest –
Chenopodiaceae
Chenopodium
Chenopodium ambrosioides: annual herb –
Chenopodium graveolens: annual herb –
Chloranthaceae
Hedyosmum
Hedyosmum mexicanum: tree – cloud forest –
Chrysobalanaceae
Couepia
Couepia polyandra: shrub –
Licania
Licania retifolia: shrub
Clethraceae
Clethra
Clethra fragans: bush (not in Vazquez)
Clethra rosei: bush – ,
Clethra vicentina: bush – cloud forest, pine-oak forest –
Clethra sp.: bush
Cochlospermaceae or Bixaceae
Cochlospermum
Cochlospermum vitifolium: tree –
Combretaceae
Combretum
Combretum fruticosum: vine or – ,
Compositae or Asteraceae
Acmella
Acmella alba: herb – toothache plant
Acmella oppositifolia: herb – toothache plant
Ageratum
Ageratum corymbosum: annual herb
Ageratum corymbosum: annual herb
Ageratum corymbosum fo. albiflorum: annual herb
Ageratum houstonianum: annual herb
Alloispermum
Alloispermum colimense: annual herb
Alloispermum integrifolium: annual herb
Alloispermum palmeri var. palmeri: annual herb
Alloispermum scabrum var. scabrum: annual herb
Archibaccharis
Archibaccharis asperifolia: shrub
Archibaccharis hieracioides var. glandulosa: shrub
Archibaccharis schiedeana: shrub
Archibaccharis serratifolia: shrub
Aster or Symphyotrichum
Aster moranensis: herb –
Aster subulatus: herb
Baccharis
Baccharis heterophylla: shrub –
Baccharis multiflora: shrub
Baccharis occidentalis: shrub
Baccharis pteronioides: shrub –
Baccharis salicifolia: shrub – mule fat
Baccharis trinervis: shrub –
Baltimora
Baltimora geminata: herb
Bidens
Bidens acrifolia: herb
Bidens aequisquama var. aequisquama: herb
Bidens odorata var. odorata: herb
Bidens odorata var. rosea: herb
Bidens ostruthioides: herb
Bidens pilosa: herb – beggarticks,
Bidens reptans var. urbanii: herb
Bidens riparia var. refracta: herb
Bidens rostrata: herb
Bidens squarrosa: herb
Bidens triplinervia: herb
Brickellia
Brickellia adenolepis: herb
Brickellia cardiophylla: herb
Brickellia diffusa: herb
Brickellia filipes: herb
Brickellia jaliscensis: herb
Brickellia magnifica: shrub:
Brickellia scoparia: herb or shrub
Brickellia secundiflora var. monticola: herb or shrub
Brickellia squarrosa: herb or shrub
Brickellia subuligera: shrub
Calea
Calea urticifolia var. urticifolia: shrub –
Carminatia
Carminatia recondita: herb
Carminatia tenuiflora: herb
Chaptalia
Chaptalia leucocephala: herb
Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum indicum var. mexicanum: herb
Cirsium
Cirsium anartiolepis: perennial root herb – thistle,
Cirsium ehrenbergii: perennial root herb
Cirsium mexicanum: perennial root herb
Cirsium tolucanum: perennial root
Cirsium sp. nov.: perennial root –
Clibadium
Clibadium arboreum: herb
Conyza
Conyza apurensis: herb
Conyza bonariensis: herb – , ?
Conyza canadensis: herb
Conyza confusa: herb
Conyza coronopifolia: herb
Conyza coulteri: herb
Conyza microcephala: herb
Conyza sophiifolia: herb
Coreopsis
Coreopsis petrophiloides: herb
Cosmos
Cosmos bipinnatus: herb –
Cosmos carvifolius: herb
Cosmos intercedens: herb
Cosmos sulphureus: herb
Cymophora
Cymophora hintonii: herb
Dahlia
Dahlia coccinea: herb –
Dahlia tenuicaulis: perennial bulb herb –
Decachaeta
Decachaeta haenkeana: bush
Delilia
Delilia biflora: herb
Desmanthodium
Desmanthodium fruticosum: shrub
Dyssodia
Dyssodia neomexicana var. pulcherrima: herb
Dyssodia porophyllum var. cancellata: shrub
Dyssodia squamosa: shrub
Dyssodia tagetiflora: shrub
Eclipta
Eclipta prostrata: herb
Elephantopus
Elephantopus mollis: herb
Erechtites
Erechtites hieraciifolius: herb
Erigeron
Erigeron longipes: herb
Erigeron ortegae var. ortigae: herb
Erigeron polycephalus: herb
Erigeron velutipes: herb – ,
Eupatorium
Eupatorium araliifolium: shrub
Eupatorium areolare: shrub
Eupatorium arsenei: shrub
Eupatorium atrocordatum: shrub
Eupatorium ceriferum: shrub
Eupatorium chiapense: shrub
Eupatorium choricephalum: shrub
Eupatorium ciliatum: shrub
Eupatorium collinum: shrub –
Eupatorium conspicuum: shrub
Eupatorium cronquistii: shrub
Eupatorium cylindricum: shrub
Eupatorium dolichobasis: shrub
Eupatorium glaberrimum: shrub
Eupatorium hebebotryum: shrub
Eupatorium isolepis: shrub
Eupatorium lasioneuron: shrub
Eupatorium leptodictyon: shrub
Eupatorium mairetianum: shrub
Eupatorium malacolepis: shrub
Eupatorium monanthum: shrub
Eupatorium morifolium: shrub
Eupatorium muelleri: shrub
Eupatorium nelsonii: shrub
Eupatorium odoratum: herb –
Eupatorium oerstedianum: shrub
Eupatorium oresbium: shrub
Eupatorium ovaliflorum: shrub
Eupatorium pauperculum: shrub
Eupatorium pazcuarense: shrub
Eupatorium pichinchense: shrub
Eupatorium polybotryum: shrub
Eupatorium quadrangulare: shrub
Eupatorium ramireziorum: shrub
Eupatorium rhomboideum: shrub
Eupatorium scabrellum: shrub
Eupatorium sinaloense: shrub
Eupatorium sonorae: shrub
Eupatorium vitifolium: shrub
Eupatorium or Ageratina
Eupatorium barriei: shrub
Eupatorium manantlanum: shrub
Fleischmannia
Fleischmannia arguta: herb –
Florestina
Florestina pedata: herb
Galeana
Galeana pratensis: herb
Galinsoga
Galinsoga quadriradiata: herb –
Gnaphalium
Gnaphalium americanum: herb
Gnaphalium attenuatum var. attenuatum: herb
Gnaphalium attenuatum var. sylvicola: herb
Gnaphalium bourgovii: herb –
Gnaphalium canescens: herb
Gnaphalium chartaceum: herb
Gnaphalium jaliscense: herb
Gnaphalium liebmannii var. monticola: herb
Gnaphalium roseum: herb
Gnaphalium semilanatum: herb
Gnaphalium sphacelatum: herb
Gnaphalium viscosum: herb
Gnaphalium sp.: herb
Guardiola
Guardiola mexicana
Guardiola tulocarpus
Helenium
Helenium scorzonerifolium
Heliopsis
Heliopsis bupthalmoides
Heliopsis procumbens
Heterosperma
Heterosperma pinnatum
Heterotheca
Hieracium abscissum
Hieracium fendleri
Hieracium fendleri subsp. ostreophyllum
Hofmeisteria
Hofmeisteria dissecta
Hofmeisteria urenifolia
Isocarpha
Isocarpha oppositifolia
Jaegeria
Jaegeria hirta
Jaegeria macrocephala
Lagascea
Lagascea decipiens
Lagascea helianthifolia
Lasianthaea
Lasianthaea ceanothifolia
Lasianthaea fruticosa
Lasianthaea fruticosa var. michoacana
Lasianthaea helianthoides var. helianthoides
Lasianthaea macrocephala
Lasianthaea palmeri
Liabum
Liabum broomeae or Sinclairia broomeae
Liabum cervinum
Liabum glabrum var. hypoleucum
Liabum liebmannii
Liabum sp. nov.
Melampodium
Melampodium americanum
Melampodium divaricatum
Melampodium microcephalum
Melampodium nutans
Melampodium perfoliatum
Melampodium tepicense
Mikania
Mikania cordifolia
Milleria
Milleria quinqueflora
Montanoa
Montanoa andersonii
Montanoa bipinnatifida
Montanoa grandiflora
Montanoa karvinskii
Montanoa leucantha
Odontotrichum
Odontotrichum multilobum
Odontotrichum palmeri
Onoseris
Onoseris onoseroides
Osbertia
Osbertia stolonifera
Otopappus
Otopappus acuminatus
Otopappus epaleaceus
Otopappus microcephalus
Otopappus tequilanus
Otopappus scaber
Parthenium
Parthenium hysterophorus
Pectis
Pectis linifolia
Pectis repens
Perezia
Perezia dugesii
Perezia fruticosa
Perezia glomeriflora
Perezia hooveri
Perezia patens
Perezia simulata
Pericalia
Pericalia sessilifolia
Perymenium
Perymenium alticola
Perymenium buphthalmoides
Perymenium jaliscense
Perymenium mendezii
Perymenium uxoris
Perymenium wilburorum
Pinaropappus
Pinaropappus diguetii
Pinaropappus roseus
Piqueria
Piqueria triflora
Pittocaulon
Pittocaulon hintonii
Pluchea
Pluchea salicifolia
Pluchea symphytifolia
Podachaenium
Podachaenium eminens
Polymnia
Polymnia maculata
Polymnia macvaughii
Polymnia uvedalia
Porophyllum
Porophyllum coloratum
Porophyllum lindenii
Porophyllum pringlei
Porophyllum punctatum
Porophyllum ruderale
Porophyllum viridiflorum
Psacalium
Psacalium goldsmithii
Psacalium peltigerum
Psacalium pentaflorum
Psacalium poculiferum
Pseudelephantopus
Pseudelephantopus spicatus
Rumfordia
Rumfordia floribunda
Rumfordia floribunda var. floribunda
Rumfordia floribunda var. jaliscensis
Schkuhria
Schkuhria pinnata
Sclerocarpus
Sclerocarpus divaricatus
Senecio
Senecio albonervius
Senecio angulifolius
Senecio argutus
Senecio barba-johannis
Senecio bellidifolius
Senecio callosus
Senecio chapalensis
Senecio cinerarioides
Senecio galicianus var. galicianus
Senecio galicianus var. manantlanensis
Senecio hartwegii
Senecio multidentatus
Senecio roldana
Senecio salignus
Senecio sanguisorbae
Senecio sinuatus
Senecio standleyi
Senecio stoechadiformis
Senecio suffultus
Sigesbeckia
Sigesbeckia agrestis
Simsia
Simsia annectens
Sonchus
Sonchus oleraceus –
Stevia
Stevia alatipes
Stevia caracasana
Stevia lasioclada
Stevia latifolia
Stevia lucida
Stevia micradenia
Stevia monardifolia
Stevia myricoides
Stevia nelsonii
Stevia origanoides
Stevia ovata
Stevia serrata var. serrata
Stevia subpubescens
Stevia trifida
Stevia viscida
Tagetes
Tagetes filifolia –
Tagetes lucida –
Tagetes lunulata
Tagetes remotiflora – ,
Tagetes stenophylla
Tagetes subulata
Taraxacum
Taraxacum officinale –
Tithonia
Tithonia rotundifolia –
Tithonia tubiformis or Tithonia tubaeformis –
Tridax
Tridax accedens
Tridax accedens
Tridax procumbens
Trigonospermum
Trigonospermum melampodioides –
Tagetes
Trixis mexicana var. mexicana
Trixis michuacana var. longifolia
Verbesina
Verbesina cinerascens
Verbesina crocata
Verbesina culminicola
Verbesina fastigiata
Verbesina greenmanii
Verbesina oligantha
Verbesina oncophora
Verbesina oxylepis
Verbesina parviflora
Verbesina sphaerocephala
Verbesina tetraptera
Verbesina turbacensis
Verbesina heterocarpa
Vernonia
Vernonia baadii
Vernonia bealliae
Vernonia capreifolia
Vernonia cordata
Vernonia coulteri
Vernonia patens
Vernonia pungens
Vernonia serratuloides
Vernonia triflosculosa
Vernonia vernonioides
Tagetes
Taraxacum officinale
Viguiera
Viguiera cordata
Viguiera cordata var. cordata
Viguiera dentata
Viguiera ensifolia
Viguiera grahamii
Viguiera hypochlora
Viguiera latibracteata
Viguiera pachycephala
Viguiera pringlei
Viguiera tenuis
Zinnia
Zinnia americana
Zinnia bicolor
Zinnia peruviana
Zinnia zinnioides
Connaraceae
Rourea
Rourea glabra
Convolvulaceae
Evolvulus
Evolvulus alsinoides
Evolvulus nummularius
Ipomoea
Ipomoea alba
Ipomoea ampullacea
Ipomoea arborescens
Ipomoea batatoides
Ipomoea bracteata
Ipomoea capillacea
Ipomoea cardiophylla
Ipomoea cholulensis
Ipomoea corymbosa
Ipomoea cuernavacensis
Ipomoea decemcornuta
Ipomoea dimorphophylla
Ipomoea dumosa
Ipomoea funis
Ipomoea hartwegii
Ipomoea hederifolia
Ipomoea invicta
Ipomoea lindenii
Ipomoea mairetii
Ipomoea minutiflora
Ipomoea murucoides
Ipomoea neei
Ipomoea nil –
Ipomoea noctulifolia
Ipomoea orizabensis
Ipomoea pseudoracemosa
Ipomoea santillanii
Ipomoea seducta
Ipomoea spectata
Ipomoea trifida
Ipomoea sp. nov.
Coriariaceae
Coriaria
Coriaria ruscifolia subsp. microphylla
Cornaceae
Cornus
Cornus disciflora: cloud forest, pine-oak forest, gallery forest –
Cornus excelsa –
Crassulaceae
Bryophyllum
Bryophyllum pinnatum –
Graptopetalum
Graptopetalum fruticosum
Curatella
Sedum grandipetalum
Sedum greggii
Sedum jaliscanum
Sedum tortuosum
Sedum sp. 1
Sedum sp. 2
Cruciferae or Brassicaceae
Brassica
Brassica rapa –
Cardamine
Cardamine fulcrata
Lepidium
Lepidium lasiocarpum
Lepidium oblongum
Lepidium virginicum
Raphanus
Raphanus raphanistrum –
Rorippa
Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum –
Cucurbitaceae
Cayaponia
Cayaponia attenuata –
Cayaponia racemosa –
Cremastopus
Cremastopus rostratus
Cucumis
Cucumis anguria –
Cucurbita
Cucurbita argyrosperma – ,
Cucurbita ficifolia –
Cyclanthera
Cyclanthera dissecta
Cyclanthera langaei
Cyclanthera steyermarkii
Cyclanthera tamnoides
Echinopepon
Echinopepon jaliscanus
Echinopepon lanatus
Echinopepon pringlei
Echinopepon racemosus
Ibervillea
Ibervillea maxima –
Melothria
Melothria pendula
Melothria pringlei
Momordica
Momordica charantia –
Polyclathra
Polyclathra cucumerina
Rytidostylis
Rytidostylis gracilis
Rytidostylis longisepala
Schizocarpum
Schizocarpum longisepalum
Schizocarpum palmeri
Sechium
Sechium compositum
Sicyos
Sicyos laciniatus
Sicyos longisepalus
Cuscutaceae
Cuscuta
Cuscuta corymbosa –
Cuscuta mitriformis or Cuscuta mitraeformis – ,
Dichapetalaceae
Tapura
Tapura mexicana
Dilleniaceae
Curatella
Curatella americana –
Davilla
Davilla kunthii
Dipentodontaceae
Perrottetia
Perrottetia longistylis: cloud forest
Ebenaceae
Diospyros
Diospyros sinaloensis
Diospyros sp.
Elaeocarpaceae
Muntingia
Muntingia calabura –
Sloanea
Sloanea terniflora – ,
Ericaceae
Arbutus
Arbutus occidentalis –
Arbutus xalapensis –
Comarostaphylis
Comarostaphylis discolor – ,
Comarostaphylis discolor subsp. manantlanensis –
Comarostaphylis glaucescens
Gaultheria
Gaultheria hirtiflora
Vaccinium
Vaccinium confertum
Vaccinium stenophyllum – cloud forest, pine-oak forest, pine forest –
Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha
Acalypha alopecuroides
Acalypha cincta
Acalypha filipes
Acalypha grisea
Acalypha hypogaea
Acalypha langiana
Acalypha microphylla
Acalypha ocymoides
Acalypha ostryifolia
Acalypha salvadorensis
Acalypha schiedeana
Acalypha setosa
Acalypha subviscida
Acalypha triloba
Acalypha umbrosa
Acalypha vagans
Acalypha sp.
Adelia
Adelia barbinervis
Argythamnia
Argythamnia manzanilloana
Astrocasia
Astrocasia tremula
Bernardia
Bernardia gentryana
Bernardia mexicana
Bernardia santanae
Bernardia
Chamaesyce berteroana or Chamaesyce berteriana
Chamaesyce grisea
Chamaesyce hirta
Chamaesyce hirta var. procumbens
Chamaesyce hypericifolia
Chamaesyce hyssopifolia
Chamaesyce indivisa
Chiropetalum
Chiropetalum schiedeanum
Cnidoscolus
Cnidoscolus autlanensis –
Cnidoscolus spinosus
Cnidoscolus tepiquensis
Croton
Croton billbergianus
Croton ciliato-glandulifera –
Croton draco –
Croton flavescens
Croton fragilis
Croton fragilis
Croton hirtus
Croton pyramidalis
Croton septemnervius
Croton suberosus
Croton wilburii
Croton ynesiae
Dalechampia
Dalechampia scandens
Dalembertia
Dalembertia populifolia
Euphorbia
Euphorbia ariensis
Euphorbia calyculata
Euphorbia colletioides
Euphorbia cotinifolia
Euphorbia cyathophora
Euphorbia dentata
Euphorbia dioscoreoides
Euphorbia furcillata
Euphorbia graminea
Euphorbia graminea var. novogaliciana
Euphorbia heterophylla
Euphorbia humayensis
Euphorbia jaliscensis
Euphorbia macropus
Euphorbia macvaughii
Euphorbia multiseta
Euphorbia ocymoides
Euphorbia peganoides
Euphorbia pulcherrima
Euphorbia schlechtendalii var. pacifica
Euphorbia sphaerorhiza
Euphorbia strigosa
Euphorbia tanquahuete
Euphorbia xalapensis
Gymnanthes
Gymnanthes actinostemoides
Hura
Hura polyandra –
Jatropha
Jatropha bartlettii
Jatropha cordata
Jatropha mcvaughii
Jatropha platyphylla
Mabea
Mabea occidentalis
Manihot
Manihot aesculifolia
Manihot intermedia
Manihot michaelis
Manihot rhomboidea
Manihot rhomboidea subsp. microcarpa
Margaritaria
Margaritaria nobilis –
Pedilanthus
Pedilanthus calcaratus –
Pedilanthus diazlunanus –
Pedilanthus palmeri –
Phyllanthus
Phyllanthus glaucescens
Phyllanthus gypsicola
Phyllanthus mocinianus
Phyllanthus niruri
Phyllanthus standleyi
Phyllanthus stipulatus
Phyllanthus tequilensis
Ricinus
Ricinus communis –
Sapium
Sapium pedicellatum
Sebastiania
Sebastiania corniculata
Sebastiania hintonii
Tragia
Tragia affinis
Tragia pacifica
Tragia volubilis
Sebastiania
Sebastiania hintonii: cloud forest
Fagaceae
Quercus
Quercus aristata
Quercus calophylla (incorrectly called Quercus candicans): cloud forest
Quercus castanea: pine-oak forest, pine forest
Quercus crassifolia
Quercus crassipes
Quercus deserticola
Quercus elliptica
Quercus excelsa
Quercus confertifolia (as Quercus gentryi)
Quercus glaucescens
Quercus insignis
Quercus laeta
Quercus laurina: pine-oak forest, pine forest, pine-fir forest – Encino laurelillo, Encino asta
Quercus magnoliifolia: pine-oak forest, pine forest
Quercus martinezii
Quercus obtusata
Quercus peduncularis
Quercus planipocula
Quercus prainiana, synonym of Quercus coffeicolor
Quercus resinosa
Quercus rugosa –
Quercus resinosa
Quercus salicifolia: cloud forest
Quercus scitophylla
Quercus sororia
Quercus splendens, synonym of Quercus peduncularis
Quercus uxoris
Quercus xalapensis
Quercus sp. nov 1
Quercus sp. nov 2
Quercus sp. nov 3
Flacourtiaceae
Fouquieria
Casearia arguta
Casearia corymbosa
Casearia sylvestris
Hasseltiopsis
Hasseltiopsis dioica
Neopringlea
Neopringlea viscosa
Prockia
Prockia crucis
Xylosma
Xylosma flexuosa
Xylosma velutina
Fouquieriaceae
Fouquieria
Fouquieria formosa
Garryaceae
Garrya
Garrya laurifolia: cloud forest
Gentianaceae
Centaurium
Centaurium martinii
Centaurium nudicaule
Centaurium setaceum
Centaurium tenuifolium
Gentiana
Gentiana caliculata
Gentiana spathacea
Halenia
Halenia brevicornis
Halenia crumiana
Geraniaceae
Erodium
Erodium cicutarium
Geranium
Geranium hernandesii
Geranium lilacinum
Geranium seemannii
Geranium sp.
Gesneriaceae
Achimenes
Achimenes antirrhina
Achimenes flava
Achimenes grandiflora
Achimenes heterophylla
Achimenes longiflora
Drymonia
Drymonia serrulata
Episcia
Episcia punctata
Moussonia
Moussonia elegans
Phinaea
Phinaea multiflora
Guttiferae or Calophyllaceae
Calophyllum
Calophyllum brasiliense: tree –
Guttiferae or Clusiaceae
Clusia
Clusia salvini: cloud forest
Guttiferae or Hypericaceae
Clusia
Hypericum paucifolium
Hypericum philonotis
Rheedia
Rheedia edulis
Hamamelidaceae
Matudaea
Matudaea trinervia: cloud forest – ,
Hernandiaceae
Gyrocarpus
Gyrocarpus jatrophifolius – ,
Hippocrateaceae or Celastraceae
Hippocratea
Hippocratea celastroides
Hippocratea volubilis –
Hydrophyllaceae
Hydrolea
Hydrolea spinosa – ,
Phacelia
Phacelia platycarpa – ,
Wigandia
Wigandia urens – ,
Icacinaceae
Calatola
Calatola laevigata –
Juglandaceae
Juglans
Juglans major: cloud forest – black walnut
Julianaceae
Asterohyptis
Amphipterygium adstringens – ,
Labiatae or Lamiaceae
Asterohyptis
Asterohyptis stellulata
Cunila
Cunila longiflora
Cunila lythrifolia
Cunila pycnantha
Hyptis
Hyptis albida
Hyptis capitata
Hyptis mutabilis
Hyptis oblongifolia
Hyptis pectinata
Hyptis rhytidea
Hyptis suaveolens
Hyptis urticoides
Leonotis
Leonotis nepetifolia –
Lepechinia
Lepechinia caulescens –
Lepechinia nelsonii
Leonotis
Leonotis nepetifolia
Marrubium
Marrubium vulgare –
Mentha
Mentha sp.
Ocimum
Ocimum micranthum –
Salvia
Salvia albocaerulea
Salvia arthrocoma
Salvia brachyodonta
Salvia breviflora
Salvia bruebenzii (not listed in Tropicos)
Salvia carnea
Salvia cinnabarina
Salvia concolor
Salvia cuevasiana or Scutellaria cuevasiana
Salvia elegans –
Salvia firma
Salvia gesneriiflora
Salvia hispanica
Salvia iodantha
Salvia lasiantha
Salvia lasiocephala
Salvia lavanduloides
Salvia leucantha
Salvia longispicata
Salvia longistyla
Salvia manantlanensis
Salvia mcvaughii
Salvia meera
Salvia mexicana
Salvia platyphylla
Salvia polystachya
Salvia purpurea
Salvia ramamoorthyana
Salvia riparia
Salvia rostellata
Salvia santanae
Salvia sapinea
Salvia sessei
Salvia thyrsiflora
Salvia uruapana
Salvia vazquezii
Salvia viscidifolia
Satureja
Satureja jaliscana
Satureja macrostema var. laevigata
Scutellaria
Scutellaria caerulea
Scutellaria purpurascens
Stachys
Stachys agraria
Stachys coccinea
Stachys grahamii
Stachys manantlanensis
Stachys pacifica
Lauraceae
Aiouea
Aiouea pachypoda: cloud forest – laurel
Beilschmiedia
Beilschmiedia manantlanensis
Licaria
Licaria triandra –
Litsea
Litsea glaucescens –
Nectandra
Nectandra hihua – ,
Persea
Persea hintonii –
Persea sp.
Leguminosae or Mimosaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Fabaceae
Acacia
Acacia acatlensis
Acacia angustissima var. angustissima –
Acacia angustissima var. texensis
Acacia cochliacantha –
Acacia farnesiana or Vachellia farnesiana: secondary vegetation –
Acacia glomerosa
Acacia hindsii –
Acacia macilenta – ,
Acacia pennatula –
Acacia riparia –
Acacia × standleyi
Acacia tequilana
Aeschynomene
Aeschynomene americana var. glandulosa
Aeschynomene amorphoides
Aeschynomene histrix var. histrix
Aeschynomene langlassei
Aeschynomene petraea
Aeschynomene rudis
Aeschynomene villosa var. mexicana
Aeschynomene villosa var. villosa
Albizia
Albizia occidentalis
Albizia tomentosa – Apoplanesia
Apoplanesia paniculataAstragalus
Astragalus ervoides var. maysillesii
Astragalus guatemalensis var. brevidentatusBauhinia
Bauhinia divaricata – Bauhinia pauletia – Bauhinia ungulataBrogniartia
Brogniartia mortoniiCaesalpinia
Caesalpinia cacalaco – Caesalpinia mexicana Caesalpinia pulcherrima – Calliandra
Calliandra anomala Calliandra bijuga Calliandra caeciliae Calliandra eriophylla Calliandra grandiflora Calliandra hirsuta Calliandra houstonii – Calliandra laevis: gallery forest – , Calliandra longipedicellata: secondary vegetation
Calopogonium
Calopogonium caeruleum Calopogonium mucunoidesCanavalia
Canavalia acuminata Canavalia hirsutissima Canavalia septentrionalis Canavalia villosaCercidium
Centrosema plumieri Centrosema pubescens – Centrosema sagittatum Centrosema virginianumCercidium or Parkinsonia
Cercidium praecox or Parkinsonia praecox – Chamaecrista
Chamaecrista absus var. meionandra Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma Chamaecrista nictitans var. jaliscensis Chamaecrista nictitans var. pilosa Chamaecrista punctulata – Chamaecrista rotundifolia var. rotundifolia Chamaecrista serpens var. wrightiiClitoria
Clitoria mexicana Clitoria polystachyaCologania
Cologania biloba Cologania broussonetii Cologania procumbensConzattia
Conzattia multifloraCoursetia
Coursetia caribaea Coursetia glandulosa Coursetia mollis Coursetia pumila – Crotalaria
Crotalaria acapulcensis Crotalaria bupleurifolia Crotalaria cajanifolia Crotalaria filifolia Crotalaria incana Crotalaria longirostrata – Crotalaria micans Crotalaria mollicula – Crotalaria pumila Crotalaria quercetorum Crotalaria sagittalisDalea
Dalea cliffortiana Dalea elata Dalea foliolosa Dalea leucostachya Dalea obreniformis Dalea pulchella Dalea roseiflora Dalea sericea Dalea versicolorDesmodium
Desmodium affine Desmodium ambiguum Desmodium angustifolium Desmodium aparines Desmodium barbatum Desmodium bellum Desmodium cinereum Desmodium cordistipulum Desmodium distortum Desmodium ghiesbreghtii Desmodium glabrum Desmodium guadalajaranum Desmodium hartwegianum Desmodium infractum Desmodium jaliscanum Desmodium macrostachyum Desmodium molliculum Desmodium nicaraguense Desmodium novogalicianum Desmodium occidentale Desmodium orbiculare var. rubricaule Desmodium plicatum Desmodium prehensile Desmodium procumbens Desmodium procumbens var. transversum Desmodium pseudoamplifolium Desmodium sericophyllum Desmodium skinneri Desmodium strobilaceum Desmodium sumichrastii Desmodium tortuosum Desmodium urarioides Desmodium volubileDiphysa
Diphysa floribunda Diphysa puberulenta Diphysa suberosaEntada
Entada patens Entada polystachyaEnterolobium
Enterolobium cyclocarpum – , huanacasteEriosema
Eriosema diffusum Eriosema longicalyx Eriosema multiflorum Eriosema pulchellumErythrina
Erythrina breviflora Erythrina lanata subsp. occidentalisEysenhardtia
Eysenhardtia platycarpa Eysenhardtia polystachyaGalactia
Galactia incana Galactia sp.
Haematoxylum
Haematoxylum brasiletto – palo brasilIndigofera
Indigofera densiflora Indigofera jaliscensis Indigofera palmeri Indigofera thibaudianaInga
Inga eriocarpa – cuil, guaginiguil, juaniquil peludo Inga hintonii – jacanicuil cimarron Inga laurina – cuaniquil, guajillo, jinicuil Inga veraLeucaena
Leucaena esculenta – huajillo, guaje Leucaena macrophylla – guajeLonchocarpus
Lonchocarpus hintonii Lonchocarpus lanceolatus Lonchocarpus salvadorensisLotus
Lotus oroboides Lotus repensLupinus
Lupinus elegans – cantues Lupinus exaltatus – cantues Lupinus madrensis – cantues Lupinus stipulatusLysiloma
Lysiloma acapulcense – tepeguaje Lysiloma microphyllum – tepemezquite consteno Lysiloma tergeminum – pelo de angelLysiloma
Lysiloma acapulcensis Lysiloma microphyllumMachaerium
Machaerium kegelii Machaerium salvadorense – garabatom, guamuchil del diabililloMacroptilium
Macroptilium atropurpureum Macroptilium sp.
Marina
Marina crenulata Marina diffusa var. diffusa Marina grammadenia Marina neglecta var. neglecta – escobilla Marina nutans Marina scopaMimosa
Mimosa acantholoba Mimosa affinis Mimosa albida Mimosa benthamii Mimosa galeottii Mimosa guatemalensis Mimosa invisa Mimosa pigra var. berlandieri Mimosa pudica Mimosa rosei Mimosa sp.
Nissolia
Nissolia fruticosa Nissolia laxior Nissolia leiogyne Nissolia micropteraPachecoa
Pachecoa prismaticaPachyrhizus
Pachyrhizus erosus var. erosusParkinsonia
Parkinsonia aculeataPhaseolus
Phaseolus coccineus subsp. coccineus Phaseolus coccineus subsp. formosus Phaseolus leptostachyus Phaseolus lunatus var. lunatus Phaseolus leptostachyus var. silvester Phaseolus micranthus Phaseolus pauciflorus Phaseolus perplexus Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseolus sp. 1
Phaseolus sp. 2
Piscidia
Piscidia carthagenensisPachecoa
Pachecoa prismaticaPithecellobium
Pithecellobium acatlense – palo fierro Pithecellobium dulce – guamuchil Pithecellobium lanceolatum – guamuchilillo, mochaquelitePlatymiscium
Platymiscium lasiocarpumProsopis
Prosopis laevigata – mesquite
Ramirezella
Ramirezella crassa Ramirezella lozanii – cambara Ramirezella micrantha Ramirezella strobilophoraRhynchosia
Rhynchosia discolor Rhynchosia edulis Rhynchosia minima Rhynchosia precatoria – colorin, ojo de perico Rhynchosia tarphanthaSchrankia
Schrankia distachya – sierillaSenna
Senna alata Senna atomaria – vainilla Senna centranthera Senna cobanensis Senna foetidissima var. grandiflora
Senna fruticosa Senna hirsuta var. hirta Senna mexicana
Senna mollissima
Senna multifoliolata var. multifoliolata
Senna obtusifolia Senna occidentalis – bichi Senna pallida Senna pendula var. advena
Senna pilifera var. subglabra
Senna quinquangulata var. quinquangulata Senna septemtrionalis Senna talpana Senna uniflora Senna villosaSphinctospermum
Sphinctospermum constrictumStylosanthes
Stylosanthes guianensisStylosanthes
Stylosanthes guianensisTephrosia
Tephrosia conzattii Tephrosia langlassei Tephrosia macrantha Tephrosia multifolia Tephrosia nicaraguensis Tephrosia sinapou Tephrosia submontana Tephrosia viridifloraTeramnus
Teramnus uncinatusTrifolium
Trifolium amabile – trébolVicia
Vicia humilis Vicia pulchella subsp. mexicanaVigna
Vigna adenantha Vigna linearisWillardia
Willardia schiedeanaZapoteca
Zapoteca formosa subsp. formosa Zapoteca formosa subsp. rosei Zapoteca tetragonaZornia
Zornia reticulata Zornia thymifoliaLentibulariaceae
Pinguicula
Pinguicula crenatiloba Pinguicula oblongiloba Pinguicula parvifoliaLoasaceae
Gronovia
Gronovia scandens – mala mujer, hiedra, ortigaKlaprothia
Klaprothia fasciculata – mala mujerMentzelia
Mentzelia hispidaLoganiaceae
Spigelia
Spigelia anthelmiaLoranthaceae
Cladocolea
Cladocolea grahamii Cladocolea inconspicua Cladocolea inorna Cladocolea loniceroides Cladocolea sp.
Psittacanthus
Psittacanthus calyculatus Psittacanthus palmeri Psittacanthus ramiflorus Psittacanthus schiedeanusStruthanthus
Struthanthus condensatus Struthanthus interruptusLythraceae
Cuphea
Cuphea appendiculata var. appendiculata Cuphea calaminthifolia Cuphea ferrisiae Cuphea hookeriana Cuphea inflata Cuphea jorullensis Cuphea leptopoda Cuphea llavea – cigarillo, perritos, pulmonaria Cuphea lobophora Cuphea lobophora var. lobophora Cuphea michoacana Cuphea tolucana Cuphea utriculosa Cuphea watsoniiHeimia
Heimia salicifoliaMagnoliaceae
Magnolia
Magnolia iltisiana: cloud forest – cacao, laurel, magnolia
Talauma
Talauma sp. – cacao, yolocochitlMalpighiaceae
Bunchosia
Bunchosia mcvaughii Bunchosia palmeri Bunchosia strigosaByrsonima
Byrsonima crassifolia – nance, nancheEchinopterys
Echinopterys eglandulosa – hierba de la cucarachaGalphimia
Galphimia glauca Galphimia sp.
Gaudichaudia
Gaudichaudia albida Gaudichaudia cycloptera Gaudichaudia cynanchoides Gaudichaudia mcvaughii Gaudichaudia subverticillataHeteropterys
Heteropterys brachiata Heteropterys laurifolia – bjuco quipalero, palo bejucoso, palo de verduraLasiocarpus
Lasiocarpus ferrugineusMalpighia
Malpighia ovata Malpighia romeroana var. nayaritensis Malpighia wilburiorumMascagnia
Mascagnia dipholiphylla Mascagnia sinemariensisTetrapterys
Tetrapterys mexicanaMalvaceae
Abutilon
Abutilon abutiloides – amantillo Abutilon barrancae Abutilon ellipticum Abutilon haenkeanum Abutilon reventum Abutilon trisulcatum – algondoncillo, mantilla Abutilon umbellatumAllosidastrum
Allosidastrum hilarianum Allosidastrum pyramidatumAnoda
Anoda acerifolia Anoda crenatiflora Anoda cristata – malva morada, violeta, violetilla Anoda maculataBriquetia
Briquetia spicataGaya
Gossypium
Gossypium aridum Gossypium hirsutumHeliocarpus
Heliocarpus terebinthaceusHerissantia
Herissantia crispaHibiscus
Hibiscus phoeniceus Hibiscus uncinellusHochreutinera
Hochreutinera amplexifoliaKearnemalvastrum
Kearnemalvastrum subtriflorumKosteletzkya
Kosteletzkya tubifloraMalachra
Malachra fasciataMalva
Malva parviflora – malva Malva sylvestrisMalvastrum
Malvastrum americanum – guinar Malvastrum coromandelianumMalvaviscus
Malvaviscus arboreus var. arboreus Malvaviscus penduliflorusNeobrittonia
Neobrittonia acerifolia – huevos de coyotePavonia
Pavonia oxyphylla var. melanommata Pavonia pleurantheraPeriptera
Periptera ctenotricha Periptera macrostelis Periptera puniceaPhymosia
Phymosia roseaRobinsonella
Robinsonella speciosaSida
Sida abutilifolia Sida acuta Sida aggregata Sida barclayi Sida ciliaris Sida collina Sida glabra Sida haenkeana Sida jamaicensis Sida linifolia Sida rhombifolia – babosilla, escobita, guinar, huinar Sida rzedowskii Sida salviifolia Sida spinosa Sida abutilifolia Sida abutilifoliaWissadula
Wissadula amplissimaMelastomaceae or Melastomataceae
Arthrostemma
Arthrostemma alatum – yerbamoraClidemia
Clidemia matudae Clidemia submontanaConostegia
Conostegia volcanalis: cloud forest – pedorra Conostegia xalapensis – moraHeterocentron
Heterocentron mexicanum Heterocentron subtriplinervium Heterocentron subtriplinervium sp. nov.Leandra
Leandra cornoides Leandra subseriataMiconia
Miconia albicans – morita, pedorra Miconia glaberrima Miconia mcvaughiiPterolepis
Pterolepis pumilaTibouchina
Tibouchina scabriuscula Tibouchina sp. nov.Meliaceae
Cedrela
Cedrela odorata – cedro rojo Cedrela odorata sp. nov.Guarea
Guarea glabraSwietenia
Swietenia humilis – caoba, cobanoTrichilia
Trichilia americana – periquillo Trichilia havanensis Trichilia trifoliataMenispermaceae
Cebatha
Cebatha diversifoliaCissampelos
Cissampelos pareira – colorín, ohode perico, orozulDisciphania
Disciphania mexicanaMonimiaceae or Siparunaceae
Siparuna
Siparuna andina – limoncillo, azagar, chumbejoMenispermaceae
Monotropa
Monotropa hypopitys – pipa de indio, Indian pipes
Mimosoideae
Inga
Inga vera subsp. eriocarpa: cloud forest – cuaniquilMoraceae
Brosimum
Brosimum alicastrum – mojo, capomo, mojoteChlorophora
Chlorophora tinctoraDorstenia
Dorstenia drakena – gallito, barbudillaFicus
Ficus cookii Ficus cotinifolia – amate negro, tescalama Ficus Ficus goldmanii – tescalama, zalate, zalaton Ficus insipida – higuera, amate, higuera blanca Ficus insipida var. insipida – camchin, higuera Ficus isophlebia Ficus lapathifolia – amate de hoja ancha Ficus maxima – higueron peluda Ficus microchlamys – higuera Ficus obtusifolia – higuerón Ficus pertusa – amatillo, camichin Ficus petiolaris Ficus pringlei Ficus tuerckheimii Ficus petiolaris – camichin Ficus sp. 1
Ficus sp. 2
Ficus sp. 3
Trophis
Trophis noraminervae: gallery forest
Trophis racemosa – ramoncilloMoraceae or Urticaceae
Cecropia
Cecropia obtusifolia – guarumbo, huarumbo, huitapilCoussapoa
Coussapoa purpusii – tescalamillaMyricaceae
Morella
Morella cerifera – wax myrtle, falso encinoMyrsinaceae
Ardisia
Ardisia compressa – capulin, capulincillo, cordoban Ardisia mexicana Ardisia revoluta – arrayán, cordoban, timbuche agrioGentlea
Gentlea mcvaughiiParathesis
Parathesis Ferruginea Parathesis villosa – mananita, timbuche cimarronRapanea
Rapanea juergensenii – naranjillo;
Rapanea myricoidesSynardisia
Synardisia venosaMyrtaceae
Calyptranthes
Calyptranthes pallens var. mexicana – murtaEugenia
Eugenia capuli – capulín de mayo Eugenia crenularis Eugenia culminicola Eugenia petens Eugenia rekoiMyrcianthes
Myrcianthes fragrans var. fragrans – lentiscoPsidium
Psidium guajaba – guayaba Psidium guineense – guayaba cimarrón, guavea del cerro, guayabilla, guaybilla vendera Psidium sartorianum – arrayánNyctaginaceae
Boerhavia
Boerhavia coccinea – abrojo rojoMirabilis
Mirabilis jalapa – aretito, maravilla Mirabilis nyctagineaPisonia
Pisonia aculeata var. aculeata – coma de uña, garabato, garabato prieto Pisonia arborescensPisoniella
Pisoniella arborescensSalpianthus
Salpianthus purpurascensOchnaceae
Ouratea
Ouratea mexicanaOlacaceae
Ximenia
Ximenia americana – ciruelilloOleaceae
Forestiera
Forestiera reticulata Forestiera rhamnifoliaFraxinus
Fraxinus uhdei: cloud forest
Osmanthus
Osmanthus americanusOnagraceae
Epilobium
Epilobium bonplandianumFuchsia
Fuchsia arborescens: cloud forest
Fuchsia cylindracea Fuchsia decidua Fuchsia fulgens – aretillo, chichile Fuchsia microphylla subsp. microphylla – coralillo, aretillo Fuchsia obconica Fuchsia thymifolia subsp. thymifoliaGaura
Gaura hexandraLopezia
Lopezia miniata subsp. miniata Lopezia racemosa subsp. racemosa – alfilerillo Lopezia riesenbachia Lopezia semeiandraLudwigia
Ludwigia decurrens Ludwigia octovalvis – calaveraOenothera
Oenothera kunthiana Oenothera pubescens – linda tarde Oenothera purpusii Oenothera rosea – hierba del golpe, linda artardecerOpiliaceae
Agonandra
Agonandra racemosaOxalidaceae
Oxalis
Oxalis alpina Oxalis corniculata Oxalis galeottii Oxalis hernandesii Oxalis jacquiniana – cañitas Oxalis macrocarpaPaperveraceae
Argemone
Argemone ochroleuca – cardo santo, aceitilla, arnica blanca del campo, chicaloteBocconia
Bocconia arborea – arbol de Juda, llora sangre Bocconia frutescens – barbascoPaperveraceae
Passiflora
Passiflora biflora Passiflora exsudans Passiflora filipes Passiflora foetida – maracuyá silvestre Passiflora holosericea Passiflora jorullensis Passiflora pavonis Passiflora podadenia Passiflora porphyretica var. angustifolia Passiflora suberosa Passiflora sp. nov. 1
Passiflora sp. nov. 2
Passiflora sp.
Pedaliaceae or Martyniaceae
Martynia
Martynia annua – gatitos, toritosProboscidea
Proboscidea fragrans – hierba del toroPhytolaccaceae
LedenbergiaLedenbergia macranthaPetiveriaPetiveria alliacea – hierba del zorrillo, zorillo, caricillo silvestrePhytolaccaPhytolacca icosandra – jaboncillo, conguerin, quilitePhytolacca rugosa – higuerillaRivinaRivina humilis – bajatripaLedenbergiaTrichostigma octandrum – bejuco negroPiperaceae
PeperomiaPeperomia angularisPeperomia asarifoliaPeperomia campylotropaPeperomia angularis – pimienta de tierraPeperomia cyclophyllaPeperomia galioidesPeperomia glabellaPeperomia hispidulaPeperomia hoffmanniiPeperomia macrostachyaPeperomia martianaPeperomia mexicanaPeperomia molithrixPeperomia olivaceaPeperomia peltataPeperomia quadrifoliaPeperomia schizandraPeperomia tetraphyllaPeperomia sp. 1Peperomia sp. 2Peperomia sp. 3Peperomia sp. 4Peperomia sp. 5Peperomia sp. 6
PiperPiper abalienatumPiper amalago – cordoncillo hojaPiper brevipedicellatum – hierba del arlomo, hoja santaPiper jaliscanumPiper michelianum – hierba de arlomoPiper novogalicianumPiper pseudolindeniiPiper pseudofuligineumPiper rosei – hierba del arlomo, hoja santaPiper sanctum – acoyo, sacamantillaPiper stipulaceumPiper tuberculatumPiper umbellatum – acuya, hoja santa, sacamantillaPiper villiramulum – belencillo, cigarillo, cordoncilloPiper sp.
Plantaginaceae
PlantagoPlantago hirtella – lantenPlumbaginaceae
Plumbago
Plumbago scandens – flor de pegajoso, hierba del cancer, pegajosoPodostemaceae
Podostemon
Podostemon ceratophyllumPrimulaceae
Parathesis
Parathesis villosa: cloud forest
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus
Rhamnus hintonii: cloud forest
Rosaceae
Alchemilla
Alchemilla aphanoidesCrataegus
Crataegus mexicana or Crataegus pubescens – Mexican hawthorn, tejocote, manzanita, tejocoteraPhotinia
Photinia parviflora: gallery forest
Prunus
Prunus cortapico: cloud forest, pine-oak forest
Prunus serotina – black cherry
Rubus
Rubus adenotrichos: secondary vegetation
Rubiaceae
Balmea
Balmea stormiae: gallery forest
Chiococca
Chiococca pachyphylla: gallery forest
Rondeletia
Rondeletia manantlanensis: cloud forest
Sabiaceae
Meliosma
Meliosma dentata: cloud forest
Salicaceae
Populus
Populus guzmanantlensisSalix
Salix bonplandiana Salix microphylla: gallery forest
Salix paradoxaXylosma
Xylosma flexuosa: cloud forest
Santalaceae or Viscaceae
Arceuthobium
Arceuthobium globosum: vine
Phoradendron
Phoradendron amplifolium: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron brachystachyum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron carneum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron commutatum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron falcatum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron longifolium: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron olivae: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron quadrangulare: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron olivae: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron reichenbachianum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron robinsonii: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron scaberrimum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron tetrapterum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron velutinum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Phoradendron vernicosum: parasitic epiphyte – mistletoe
Sapindaceae and Aceraceae
Acer
Acer binzayedii – some authorities consider this a disjunct population of Acer skutchii or a disjunct relict population of sugar maple (Acer saccharum), a much more northern species
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum aligerumStyracaceae
Styrax
Styrax argenteus: cloud forest
Styrax ramireziiSymplocaceae
Symplocos
Symplocos citraea Theaceae or Pentaphylacaceae
Cleyera
Cleyera integrifolia: cloud forest, gallery forest
Symplococarpon
Symplococarpon purpussi: cloud forest
Ternstroemia
Ternstroemia lineata – chico curiosoTiliaceae or Malvaceae
Tilia
Tilia mexicana or Tilia americana var. mexicana: cloud forest – sirimoTriumfetta
Triumfetta barbosa: cloud forest
Ulmaceae or Cannabaceae
Aphanante
Aphanante monoicaUrticaceae
Cecropia
Cecropia obtusifoliaVerbenaceae
Citharexylum
Citharexylum mocinoi: cloud forest
Lippia
Lippia umbellata: cloud forest
Verbena
Verbena carolinaViolaceae
Hybanthus
Hybanthus attenuatus: herb
Hybanthus elatus: herb
Hybanthus mexicanus: herb
Viola
Viola grahamii: herb
Viola oxyodontis: herb
Vitaceae
Ampelocissus
Ampelocissus acapulcensis: vine
Ampelopsis
Ampelopsis mexicana: vine
Cissus
Cissus cucurbitina: vine
Cissus rhombifolia: vine – bejuco de agua, parilla, uva Cissus verticillata: vine – parillaParthenocissus
Parthenocissus quinquefolia: vine – Virginia creeper
Vitis
Vitis tiliifolia: vine – uvaZygophyllaceae
Guaiacum
Guaiacum coulteri: tree – lignum vitae, palo fierroKallstroemia
Kallstroemia maxima: shrub
Kallstroemia rosei: shrub
Tribulus
Tribulus cistoides: shrub
See also
List of birds of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve
Reptiles of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve
Notes
References
Balcazar Medina, Oscar Enrique, 2011. "Patrones geoecologicos de indendios forestales en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlan". Tesis Universidad de Guadalajara
Cassell, B. A. (2012). "Fire History of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve in Western México", University of Washington.
Cerano-Paredes, J, J. Villanueva-Díaz, R. Cervantes-Martínez, P. Fulé, L. Yocom, G. Esquivel-Arriaga, E. Jardel-Peláez 2015. "Historia de incendios en un bosque de pino de la sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco, México". Bosque 36(1): 41-52, 2015
Figueroa-Rangel, B. L., et al. (2008). "4200 Years of Pine‐dominated Upland Forest Dynamics in West‐central Mexico: Human or Natural Legacy". Ecology 89(7): 1893-1907
Jardel Peláez, Enrique J., Gerardo Vélica Zúñiga, Oscar E. Balcázar Medina, Ramón Cuevas Guzmán, Eduardo Santana Castellón, Luis Manuel Martínez Rivera (2013). "Determinación De La Subzonificacion De La Reserva De La Biosfera Sierra De Manantlan". Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales-IMECBIO, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, En colaboración con Dirección de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Autlán, Jalisco. February 2013
Olvera-Vargas, M., et al. (2010). "Is there environmental differentiation in the Quercus-dominated forests of west-central Mexico?" Plant Ecology 211(2): 321-335.
Vargas-Rodriguez, Y. L. and W. J. Platt (2012). "Remnant sugar maple (Acer saccharum subsp. skutchii) populations at their range edge: Characteristics, environmental constraints and conservation implications in tropical America". Biological Conservation 150(1): 111-120.
Vazquez, Antonio and Ramon Cuevas (1989). "Una Nueva Especie Tropical De Populus (Sallcaceae) De La Sierra De Manantlan, Jalisco, Mexico". Acta Botánica Mexicana 8:39-45
Vazquez, J. A., R. Cuevas, T. S. Cochrane, H. H. Iltis, F. J. Santana, and L. Guzman (1995). Flora de Manantlán'', BRIT Press.
Lists of plants
Flora of Jalisco