PolyAgent/wiki_arabic_en_parallel_20231101 huggingface dataset:
Fraction (disambiguation)

Fraction (disambiguation)
A fraction is one or more equal parts of something.
Fraction may also refer to:
Fraction (chemistry), a quantity of a substance collected by fractionation
Fraction (floating point number), an (ambiguous) term sometimes used to specify a part of a floating point number
Fraction (politics), a subgroup within a parliamentary party
Fraction (radiation therapy), one unit of treatment of the total radiation dose of radiation therapy that is split into multiple treatment sessions
Fraction (religion), the ceremonial act of breaking the bread during Christian Communion
People with the surname
Matt Fraction, a comic book author
See also
Algebraic fraction, an indicated division in which the divisor, or both dividend and divisor, are algebraic expressions
Irrational fraction, a type of algebraic fraction
Faction (disambiguation)
Frazione, a type of administrative division of an Italian commune
Free and Independent Fraction, a Romanian political party
Part (disambiguation)
Ratio
بول غرانت

بول غرانت (23 مارس 1993 بإدنبرة في المملكة المتحدة - ) هو لاعب كرة قدم بريطاني في مركز حراسة المرمى. لعب مع نادي هيبرنيان و وبيرويك راينجرز ونادي ليفينغستون لكرة القدم.
مراجع
وصلات خارجية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية إسكتلنديون
حراس مرمى كرة قدم رجالية
لاعبو الدوري الإسكتلندي الممتاز
لاعبو بيرويك راينجرز
لاعبو دوري كرة القدم الإسكتلندي للمحترفين
لاعبو كرة قدم إسكتلنديون
لاعبو كرة قدم من إدنبرة
لاعبو نادي ليفينغستون لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي هيبرنيان
مواليد 1993
لاعبو بونيروغ روز أثلاتيك
أئمة الهدى (مسلسل)

أئمة الهدى (مسلسل)
أئمة الهدى هو مسلسل مصري تاريخي إسلامي.
قصة
حلقات منفصلة تتناول سيرة حياة أئمة الإسلام ، وأصحاب كتب السنة، (البخاري)، (مسلم)، و(أبو داود)، و(النسائي)، و(ابن تيمية)، و(العز)، وغيرهم الكثير من أئمة الإسلام .
يوضح مآخذهم ، وأدلتهم ، ويبرز جهادهم ضد الظلم ، ومحاربتهم لأهل البدع ، وجهودهم العظيمة في شرح السنن ، وتسنين المذاهب الفقهية المختلفة.
قائمة الحلقات
بطولة
مصادر
قصة
حلقات منفصلة تتناول سيرة حياة أئمة الإسلام ، وأصحاب كتب السنة، (البخاري)، (مسلم)، و(أبو داود)، و(النسائي)، و(ابن تيمية)، و(العز)، وغيرهم الكثير من أئمة الإسلام .
يوضح مآخذهم ، وأدلتهم ، ويبرز جهادهم ضد الظلم ، ومحاربتهم لأهل البدع ، وجهودهم العظيمة في شرح السنن ، وتسنين المذاهب الفقهية المختلفة .
قائمة الحلقات
بطولة
مصادر
مسلسل ائمة الهدى
مسلسلات تاريخية تلفزيونية مصرية
مسلسلات تلفزيونية إسلامية
مسلسلات تاريخية تلفزيونية مصرية
مسلسلات تلفزيونية إسلامية
جون ريد اورين

جون ريد اورين (و. 1856 – 1916 م) هو فيزيائي
توفي عن عمر يناهز 60 عاماً.
التعليم
تعلم في جامعة هارفارد، وجامعة ميشيغان
روابط خارجية
مراجع
أشخاص من نيو كاسل
خريجو جامعة ميشيغان
خريجو جامعة هارفارد
فيزيائيون أمريكيون
كتاب غير روائيين ذكور أمريكيون
مربون أمريكيون
مواليد 1856
وفيات 1916
NGC 7537

NGC 7537 is a spiral galaxy located in the equatorial constellation of Pisces, about 1.5° to the NNW of Gamma Piscium. It was first documented by German-born astronomer William Herschel on Aug 30, 1785. J. L. E. Dreyer described it as, "very faint, considerably small, round, brighter middle, southwestern of 2". This galaxy lies at a distance of approximately from the Milky Way, and is a member of the Pegasus I cluster.
This object forms a pair with the nearly edge-on barred spiral galaxy NGC 7541, and the two show signs of interaction. NGC 7537 has a curved tidal tail to the northeast with a length of , while NGC 7541 has two tidal tails. They have a projected separation of .
A Type II supernova designated SN 2002gd was detected by multiple independent observers beginning October 5, 2002. It was positioned east and north of the galactic nucleus of NGC 7537.
References
External links
Unbarred spiral galaxies
Pisces (constellation)
7537
12442
70786
SGTA

SGTA (Small glutamine rich tetratricopeptide repeat containing alpha) هوَ بروتين يُشَفر بواسطة جين SGTA في الإنسان.
الوظيفة
الأهمية السريرية
المراجع
قراءة متعمقة
جينات على كروموسوم 19
Abu-l-Hasan Ali ibn Ruburtayr

Abu-l-Hasan Ali ibn Ruburtayr or Reverter (? – 1187 in El-Omra, Tounes) was the younger son of Reverter I viscount of Barcelona, and a Muslim Catalan mercenary commander. He left the Christian faith and territories, and converted to Islam. His Christian name is unknown.
When his father died in 1142 or 1144, he became leader of the Christian mercenary regiment of Tashfin ibn Ali, the Almoravid Sultan of Maghreb and Al-Andalus. In 1147, the Almoravid capital city, Marrakesh fell to the fanatical Almohads. The young Reverter decided then to embrace Islam and took an Arabic name.
The Christian mercenaries are sometimes accused of having let the Almohads enter the city in exchange for the Amān, a sacred safe conduct. The conversion of Reverter could support this thesis.
With the fall of the Almoravids, Reverter then served the Almohads. In 1183 the Sultan Yaqub al-Mansur sent him to Al-Mayurqa in order to take the island from the Banu Ghaniya, but he was captured by the Almoravid admiral Ali ibn Maymun, who was positioned against the Almohad rule. Ibn Ruburtayr managed to escape and to turn the island in favour of his master, until he placed a sovereign submitted to the Almohads on the throne. Then he left Al-Mayurqa and returned to Maghreb, where he was executed in 1187 after he fell at the hands of the Banu Ghaniya.
He is, besides Abu al-Mundhir, the only known case of a Muslim military commander of Catalan origin.
References
Bibliography
Barcelona, (1998) ed. 62, Diccionari d'Història de Catalunya
Al-Qantara. Revista de Estudios Arabes, Sur le rôle des Almohades dans la fin du Christianisme local au Maghreb et en Al-Andalus, vol. 18, Robert Ignatius Molénat, 1997
Guillem Rosselló Bordoy (1968), L'Islam a les Illes Balears (Ed. Daedalus)
External links
in Spanish
in Spanish
1187 deaths
Military personnel from Catalonia
Catalan Muslims
Generals of the medieval Islamic world
Soldiers from Catalonia
People of the Reconquista
Year of birth unknown
Converts to Islam
Converts to Sunni Islam from Catholicism
12th-century people from al-Andalus
أرتور أوليش

أرتور أوليش (22 يونيو 1940 – 12 أغسطس 2010) هو ملاكم بولندي راحل، مثّل بلاده في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية في دورتي 1964 و1968.
وصلات خارجية
مراجع
أشخاص من جمهورية أوكرانيا الاشتراكية السوفيتية
بولنديون فازوا بالميدالية الفضية الأولمبية
بولنديون في القرن 20
بولنديون في القرن 21
حائزون على ميداليات أولمبية في الملاكمة
حائزون على ميداليات في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1964
حائزون على ميداليات في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1968
رياضيون رجال بولنديون في القرن 20
رياضيون من لفيف
ملاكمو وزن الذبابة
ملاكمون أولمبيون من بولندا
ملاكمون بولنديون
ملاكمون في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1964
ملاكمون في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1968
Lama

Lama ("boss") is a title for a teacher of the Dharma in Tibetan Buddhism. The name is similar to the Sanskrit term guru, meaning "heavy one", endowed with qualities the student will eventually embody. The Tibetan word "lama" means "highest principle", and less literally "highest mother" or "highest father" to show close relationship between teacher and student.
Historically, the term was used for venerated spiritual masters or heads of monasteries. Today the title can be used as an honorific title conferred on a monk, nun or a lay person (especially in the Nyingma, Kagyu and Sakya schools) advanced tantric practitioner to designate a level of spiritual attainment and authority to teach, or may be part of a title such as Dalai Lama or Panchen Lama applied to a lineage of reincarnate lamas (Tulkus).
Perhaps due to misunderstandings by early western scholars attempting to understand Tibetan Buddhism, the term lama has historically been erroneously applied to Tibetan monks in general. Similarly, Tibetan Buddhism was referred to as "Lamaism" by early western scholars and travelers who perhaps did not understand that what they were witnessing was a form of Buddhism; they may also have been unaware of the distinction between Tibetan Buddhism and Bön. The term Lamaism is now considered by some to be derogatory.
In the Vajrayana path of Tibetan Buddhism, the lama is often the tantric spiritual guide, the guru to the aspiring Buddhist yogi or yogini. As such, the lama will then appear as one of the Three Roots (a variant of the Three Jewels), alongside the yidam and protector (who may be a dakini, dharmapala or other Buddhist deity figure). The mind of the lama is considered Buddha – one's highest potential, the lama's speech is dharma, and the lama's body is one's guide and companion on the way to enlightenment, meaning the lama is the perfect embodiment of the sangha. Another expression of lama can be expressed through the 3 Kayas.
See also
Bhikkhu
Khenpo
Rinpoche
Rōshi
Sensei
Shifu
References
Asceticism
Tibetan Buddhist titles
Lama
Farmec

Farmec (meaning 'charm', in Romanian) is the largest cosmetics manufacturer in Romania. The company manufactures and sells beauty products, household hygiene products and other chemical products. Farmec is headquartered in Cluj-Napoca, where the company hosts a variety of its factors of production. As of 2013, the company possesses a large production plant in Cluj-Napoca and employs 600 people. Farmec benefits of an economy of scale.
Farmec is a S.A. type of company, the employees comprising a majority of the shareholders.
History of Farmec
In 1889, the Molnar Moser laboratory was founded in Budapest.
During the Second World War, Mol-Mos, a laboratory affiliated with Molnar Moser was opened in Cluj-Napoca. This laboratory was nationalized and expanded; it became known as Cosmetic Company No. 21 (Întreprinderea de produse cosmetice Nr. 21 in Romanian) and later as the Farmec Factory of Cosmetic Products (Fabrica de Produse Cosmetice Farmec).
In 1995, Farmec was privatized via an employee buyout.
Trading brands
Farmec products are commercialized under a variety of brands: Gerovital, Aslavital, Farmec, Doina, Aslamed, Triumf, Nufăr, Nufăr verde.
Each of these brands appeals to a different target audience. For example, Gerovital offers cosmetics such as Gerovital H3 serum, whereas Nufăr verde includes environmentally sustainable household cleaners.
Gerovital H3 controversy
Farmec owns the production rights and trademark of the Gerovital H3 treatment. Gerovital H3, a serum developed by the Romanian doctor Ana Aslan claims to be an effective anti-aging treatment. The opinions about whether this chemical preparation is a medicine or a nutrient are mixed.
Bibliography
Companies based in Cluj-Napoca
Manufacturing companies of Romania
Chemical companies established in 1889
Romanian brands
1889 establishments in Romania
La Vie Sur Terre

La Vie Sur Terre (Life on Earth) is a 1998 Malian comedy/drama film written and directed by, and starring Abderrahmane Sissako. It is set in the village of Sokolo and depicts rural life on the eve of the 21st century. Runtime is 61 minutes. The film was made for the 2000, Seen By... project, initiated by the French company Haut et Court to produce films depicting the approaching turn of the millennium seen from the perspectives of 10 different countries.
The film earned Sissako awards at the Fribourg International Film Festival, the Ouagadougou Panafrican Film and Television Festival and the San Francisco International Film Festival.
References
External links
1998 films
Bambara-language films
1998 comedy-drama films
1990s French-language films
Malian comedy films
Films directed by Abderrahmane Sissako
Films set in Mali
Malian drama films
French comedy-drama films
1990s French films
فرنسيسكو توماس رودريغيز مونتيرو

فرنسيسكو توماس رودريغيز مونتيرو هو سياسي مكسيكي، ولد في 5 نوفمبر 1943 في المكسيك. حزبياً، نشط في حزب الثورة الديمقراطية. وقد انتخب عضو مجلس النواب المكسيك.
مراجع
أشخاص من ولاية موريلوس
أعضاء مجلس النواب المكسيكي
رؤساء بلديات في المكسيك
سياسيون مكسيكيون في القرن 20
سياسيون مكسيكيون في القرن 21
سياسيون من ولاية موريلوس
مهندسون مدنيون مكسيكيون
مواليد 1943
أشخاص من كواوتلا
خفاش كبير الأذن أصفر الحنجرة

خفاش كبير الأذن أصفر الحنجرة
خفاش كبير الأذن أصفر الجنجرة أو خفاش برتقالي الحنجرة ، هو نوع من الخفافيش من أمريكا الجنوبية والوسطى، يمتد نطاقة من جنوب المكسيك إلى البرازيل. إنه نوع أحادي الطراز من جنس خفاش لماع. قوته الفواكه والحشرات، يوجد في غابات الأراضي المنخفضة حتى ارتفاع 700 م. يكون نشاطه أكبر في أول ساعتين بعد غروب الشمس، ويبلغ ذروته مرة أخرى بعد منتصف الليل.
المراجع
ثدييات بيرو
ثدييات ترينيداد وتوباغو
ثدييات سورينام
ثدييات غويانا الفرنسية
ثدييات غيانا
ثدييات فنزويلا
ثدييات كولومبيا
ثدييات وصفت في 1879
حيوانات الأمازون
خفاش الأنف الورقي
خفاشيات أمريكا الجنوبية
خفاشيات أمريكا الوسطى
خفاشيات البرازيل
خفاشيات المكسيك
أصنوفات سماها جورج إدوارد دوبسون
أصنوفات سماها كولن كامبل سانبورن
Tim Danneberg

Tim Danneberg (born 23 April 1986) is a German retired footballer who played as a midfielder.
Career
Born in Minden, Danneberg started his professional career spending two seasons in the Bundesliga with Arminia Bielefeld, before joining Eintracht Braunschweig. After three years in Braunschweig Danneberg transferred to SV Sandhausen, and, in 2012, was promoted to the 2. Bundesliga with the club.
At the end of the 2018-19 season, Danneberg retired but continued at VfL Osnabrück as an assistant manager. He was appointed as the interim manager on 18 August 2022.
References
External links
1986 births
Living people
People from Minden
Footballers from Detmold (region)
German men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Arminia Bielefeld players
Eintracht Braunschweig players
SV Sandhausen players
Holstein Kiel players
Chemnitzer FC players
VfL Osnabrück players
Bundesliga players
2. Bundesliga players
3. Liga players
VfL Osnabrück managers
3. Liga managers
Kariz Sukhteh-ye Dowlatabad

Kariz Sukhteh-ye Dowlatabad (also Romanized as Kārīz Sūkhteh-ye Dowlatābād; also known as Kārīz Sūkhteh, Dowlatābād, and Kārīz Sūkhtah) is a village in Qalandarabad Rural District, Qalandarabad District, Fariman County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 183, in 45 families.
References
Populated places in Fariman County
Mert Can

Mert Can (born 9 October 1993) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a centre-back for Mersin İdman Yurdu. He made his Süper Lig debut on 13 April 2013.
References
External links
Player profile at TFF.org
1993 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Mersin
Turkish men's footballers
Mersin Talim Yurdu footballers
Süper Lig players
Men's association football central defenders
Men's association football defenders
Canada women's national baseball team

Canada women's national baseball team
The Canada women's national baseball team represents Canada in international baseball. They are overseen by Baseball Canada, the governing body of baseball in Canada.
Team
Current roster
The roster for the 2015 Pan American Games.
Melissa Armstrong (P)
Amanda Asay (P/IF)
Jessica Bérubé (P)
Veronika Boyd (OF)
Claire Eccles (P)
Jenna Flannigan (OF)
Rebecca Hartley (OF)
Jennifer Gilroy (C)
Kelsey Lalor (OF)
Nicole Luchanski (IF)
Daniella Matteucci (OF)
Autumn Mills (P)
Heidi Northcott (P)
Katherine Psota (IF)
Stéphanie Savoie (C)
Ashley Stephenson (IF)
Vanessa Riopel (P)
Bradi Wall (IF)
Legend: C = Catcher, IF = Infielder, OF = Outfielder, P = Pitcher
Competitive record
World Cup
Pan American Games
Awards and honours
Amanda Asay, Finalist, 2006 Tip O'Neill Award
Amanda Asay, 2006 IBAF World Cup Tournament All-Star (First Base)
Kate Psota, 2010 IBAF World Cup Tournament All-Star (First Base)
Kate Psota, 2012 IBAF World Cup Tournament All-Star (First Base)
Ashley Stephenson, 2008 IBAF World Cup Tournament All-Star (Third Base)
Ashley Stephenson, Jimmy Rattlesnake Award
Team MVP
References
Women's national baseball teams
Baseball
Canada national baseball team
Women's baseball in Canada
ماكسويل هنري غلاك

ماكسويل هنري غلاك هو دبلوماسي أمريكي، ولد في 4 نوفمبر 1899 في كوميرك في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 21 نوفمبر 1984 في لوس أنجلوس في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
أشخاص من شارون (بنسيلفانيا)
أشخاص من كوميرك
أصحاب أعمال أمريكيون في القرن 20
أصحاب أعمال من لوس أنجلوس
أصحاب أعمال من ليكسينغتون (كنتاكي)
جامعو فنون أمريكيون
دبلوماسيون أمريكيون في القرن 20
سفراء الولايات المتحدة لدى سريلانكا
فاعلو خير أمريكيون
مواليد 1899
وفيات 1984
ملاك أحصنة سباق أمريكيون
Eugenio Soto (basketball)

Eugenio Soto (basketball)
Eugenio Soto (born 9 March 1972) is a Puerto Rican basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
References
1972 births
Living people
People from Aguadilla, Puerto Rico
Puerto Rican men's basketball players
Olympic basketball players for Puerto Rico
Basketball players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing (living people)
1998 FIBA World Championship players
سفليات المنخرين

سفليات المنخرين
سُفْلِيَّات المَنخرين هي واحدة من التقسيمين الفرعيين للرئيسيات العليا (الآخر هو سعادين العالم الجديد) وهي تتألف من سعادين العالم القديم والقردة البشرية؛ القردة البشرية تقسمت إلى القردة البشرية الدنيا أو الجيبونات، والقردة العليا التي تتكون من إنسان الغاب، والغوريلا، والشمبانزي، والبونوبو، والبشر، بالإضافة لبعض الأنواع المنقرضة كالأسترالوبيثكس والجيغانتوبيثيكوس. أصولهم جميعًا تعود إلى إفريقيا وآسيا.
مراجع
نازلات الأنف
أصنوفات سماها إيتيان جوفري سانت هيلار
أصنوفات وصفت في 1812
الظهور الأول في عصر الإيوسين
سعادين
Livingston, South Carolina

Livingston, South Carolina
Livingston is a town in Orangeburg County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 136 at the 2010 census.
Geography
Livingston is located at (33.553570, -81.120511).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 148 people, 60 households, and 43 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 67 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 81.76% White, 15.54% African American, and 2.70% from two or more races.
There were 60 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.3% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.3% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.6% under the age of 18, 3.4% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 32.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $31,250, and the median income for a family was $39,167. Males had a median income of $28,000 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,751. There were 4.5% of families and 5.6% of the population living below the poverty line, including 3.6% of under eighteens and 22.7% of those over 64.
References
External links
Information about the Town of Livingston from Orangeburg County
Towns in Orangeburg County, South Carolina
Towns in South Carolina
دوري السوبر الصيني 2009

دوري السوبر الصيني 2009
الدوري الصيني الممتاز 2009 هو الموسم 50 من الدوري الصيني الممتاز. كان عدد الأندية المشاركة فيه 16، وفاز فيه نادي بكين سينوبو غوان.
نتائج الموسم
مراجع
دوري السوبر الصيني
دوريات كرة قدم آسيوية في 2008–09
دوريات كرة قدم آسيوية في 2009–10
مواسم دوري السوبر الصيني
دوريات كرة قدم صينية في 2009
كال ولز

كال ولز هو أمريكي، ولد في 12 أكتوبر 1955 في بومونا في الولايات المتحدة.
مراجع
مواليد 1955
إحياتن لوطا (بني جابر)

إحياتن لوطا (بني جابر)
إحياتن لوطا هو دُوَّار يقع بجماعة بن الطيب، إقليم الدريوش، جهة الشرق في المملكة المغربية. ينتمي الدوّار لمشيخة بني جابر التي تضم 11 دوار. يقدر عدد سكانه بـ 476 نسمة حسب الإحصاء الرسمي للسكان والسكنى لسنة 2004.
مراجع
روابط خارجية
البوابة الوطنية للجماعات الترابية
المندوبية السامية للتخطيط
أماكن مأهولة في بني جابر (بن الطيب)
Embassy of South Africa, Warsaw

Embassy of South Africa, Warsaw
The South African Embassy in Poland is the diplomatic mission of South Africa in Poland. The embassy is located in the city of Warsaw, Poland, in the Koszykowa 54 building, at 54 Koszykowa Street. The current ambassador of South Africa to Poland is Lehlohonolo Shadrack Ted Pekane.
History
In 1988, the first semi-official diplomatic contact between Poland and South Africa took place. In 1990, an agreement was signed to establish Interests Bureaus in both Pretoria and Warsaw. On 18 December 1991, diplomatic relations between both nations were formally established and both nations respective Interest Bureaus were upgraded to the rank of embassies. Until 2003, the embassy headquarter was located in the building at 18 Belwederska Street. In 2001, it was moved to the Koszykowa 54 building, located at 54 Koszykowa Street, where it operates to the present day.
See also
Poland–South Africa relations
Citations
Notes
References
1991 establishments in Poland
Poland–South Africa relations
South Africa
Poland
Government agencies established in 1991
Śródmieście Południowe
ميدوري (غونما)

ميدوري (غونما)
مدينة ميدوري هي أحد المدن التابعة لمحافظة غونما. تأسست رسميًا في 27/03/2006. ويقدر عدد سكانها بـ 51964 نسمة حسب تقدير مكتب الإحصاء الياباني لعام 2012. تبلغ مساحة ميدوري 208.23 كم2. بكثافة سكانية تبلغ 250 نسمة/كم2.
أعلام
يوي أوغورا
أيومي أويا
مصادر وروابط خارجية
الموقع الرسمي لمدينة ميدوري
مكتب الإحصاءات البريطاني
مراجع
مدن محافظة غونما
2012 Czech Republic methanol poisonings

2012 Czech Republic methanol poisonings
The 2012 Czech Republic methanol poisonings occurred in September 2012 in the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia. In the course of several days, 38 people in the Czech Republic and 4 people in Poland died as a result of methanol poisoning and many others were taken to hospitals. The poisonings continued for several years after the main wave. As of April 2014, there were 51 dead and many others suffered permanent health damage.
The Czech government established a central emergency response council and banned the sale of liquors with more than 30% alcohol by volume at food stands on 12 September, 2012. On 14 September, the ban was extended to any sale of any alcoholic beverages with an alcohol content above 20% vol. On 20 September, export of such products was banned as well. The restrictions on liquor sales were lifted seven days later.
The police systematically checked shops where liquors were sold. Led by police vice president Václav Kučera, a special police team called Metyl coordinated the investigations. On 24 September, the police announced that the source of the methanol-contaminated alcohol had been identified. Two main suspects were arrested: Rudolf Fian, a businessman from Karviná of Slovak nationality, and Tomáš Křepela, a Czech company owner from Řitka. On 21 May, 2014, the two were sentenced to life imprisonment; eight others were also imprisoned for 8 to 21 years.
As of May 2018, methanol has been banned in the EU for use in windscreen washing or defrosting due to its risk of human consumption.
Similar incidents
A similar incident, the Pärnu methanol poisoning incident, occurred in Pärnu county, Estonia, in September 2001, when 68 people died and 43 were left disabled after contents of stolen methanol canisters were used in production of bootleg liquor.
In popular culture
The 2018 film Metanol, produced by the Czech Television, focuses on the distributors of the toxic alcohol and aftermath of the poisonings, including the investigation and eventual trial of perpetrators.
References
2012 in the Czech Republic
2012 in Poland
2012 in Slovakia
2012 crimes in the Czech Republic
2012 crimes in Poland
2012 crimes in Slovakia
Alcohol-related deaths in the Czech Republic
Methanol poisoning incidents
Deaths from food poisoning