Boulder Dash (video game)

Boulder Dash (video game)
Boulder Dash is a 2D maze-puzzle video game released in 1984 by First Star Software for Atari 8-bit computers. It was created by Canadian developers Peter Liepa and Chris Gray. The player controls Rockford, who collects treasures while evading hazards.
Boulder Dash was ported to many 8-bit and 16-bit systems and turned into a coin-operated arcade game. It was followed by multiple sequels and re-releases and influenced games such as Repton and direct clones such as Emerald Mine.
As of January 2018, BBG Entertainment GmbH owns the intellectual property rights to Boulder Dash.
Gameplay
Boulder Dash takes place in a series of caves, each of which is laid out as rectangular grid of blocks. The player guides the player character, Rockford, with a joystick or cursor keys. In each cave, Rockford has to collect as many diamonds as are needed and avoid dangers, such as falling rocks. When enough diamonds have been collected, the exit door opens, and going through this exit door completes the cave.
Development
As an aspiring game developer, Peter Liepa reached out to a local publisher called Inhome Software. They put him in touch with a young man—Chris Gray—who had submitted a game programmed in BASIC that was not commercial quality, but had potential. The project began with the intention of converting this game to machine language and releasing it through Inhome, but according to Liepa, the game was very primitive. He decided to expand the concept and add more interesting dynamics, and he wrote the new version in Forth in about six months. When it became clear that the game was worth releasing, Liepa rewrote Boulder Dash in 6502 assembly language.
Dissatisfied with the lack of a contact from Inhome Software, Liepa searched for a new publisher He settled on First Star Software, which, according to him, was very happy to publish the game.
Ports
The game was licensed by Exidy for use with their Max-A-Flex arcade cabinet. Released in 1984, it allows buying 30 seconds of game time. This was the first home computer game to be converted to an arcade console.
Reception
II Computing said that "bright, colorful animation coupled with a breezy story line make this game more than just a momentary diversion". Computer Games magazine called it an "incredible addicting maze game" along the lines of Dig Dug, but faster and more exciting.
Mean Machines gave the Game Boy port of Boulder Dash a score of 90%, praising it as "one of the finest video games ever written", describing the game as "one to buy as soon as possible" and noting its faithfulness to the original Commodore 64 version. The same publication reviewed the NES version favourably, stating that it was "an extremely impressive title" and "one of the greatest games ever written". It was given a 92% rating.
The ZX Spectrum version was placed ninth in the Your Sinclair Top 100 Speccy Games Of All Time (Ever) by journalist Stuart Campbell.
IGN reviewed the Virtual Console release of the Commodore 64 version. Although the graphics and sound were both found to be dated they enjoyed the game stating that it "still feels as fresh as it did in 1984". They concluded by stating "though it doesn't look like much, Boulder Dash rocks".
Boulder Dash was included in the top 30 Commodore 64 games by C't Magazin in Germany.
The game sold more than 500,000 copies by August 1994.
Legacy
Boulder Dash was the first in a long series of games.
Boulder Dash (1985 – Arcade) – in 1985 another arcade version was released on Data East's "DECO Cassette System", with improved graphics but a reduced display grid on a vertical monitor.
Boulder Dash II (1985) – published under several different titles; Rockford's Riot on the MSX, Rockford's Revenge on the C64. The second release in Japan was titled Champion Boulder Dash, but it is not a port of the western game.
Boulder Dash 3 (1986 – Apple II, C64, Spectrum, PC) – monochrome space-themed graphics and poorly designed levels made this a critical failure.
Boulder Dash Construction Kit (1986 – Apple II, C64, Spectrum, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari ST) – this release included a small number of levels (12 caves and 3 intermission levels), but was titled Boulder Dash IV – The Game for the Spectrum re-release. The title allowed players access to tools which allowed them to design their own levels.
Super Boulder Dash (1986 – Apple II, C64, PC) – a compilation of Boulder Dash and Boulder Dash II published by Electronic Arts.
Rockford (1988 – Arcade, Amiga, Atari 8-bit, Atari ST, Arcade, Spectrum, Amstrad, C64) - Rockford was originally a licensed arcade game produced by Arcadia Systems, and later converted to various home computer formats.
Boulder Dash Part 2 (1990 – Arcade)
Boulder Dash (1990 - Game Boy)
Boulder Dash (1990 - NES)
Boulder Dash EX (2002 – Game Boy Advance) - this one has a new "EX mode" and "Classic mode" which is a direct port of the 1984 PC version.
Boulder Dash Xmas 2002 Edition (2002 – PC)
GemJam Gold (2003 – PC) – the game's credits claim this is based on Boulder Dash, and is licensed by First Star.
Boulder Dash – Treasure Pleasure (2003 – PC)
Boulder Dash: Rocks! (2007 – DS, iOS)
Boulder Dash Vol 1 (2009 – iOS)
Boulder Dash-XL (2011 - Xbox Live Arcade, PC, iOS, 3DS)
Boulder Dash - The Collection! (2011 – Android)
Boulder Dash (2011 – Atari 2600) - limited edition of 250 copies.
Boulder Dash 30th Anniversary (2014 – iOS, Android, Switch, PC, Mac) - co-published by TapStar Interactive and First Star Software, Inc. with a world designed by the original creator Peter Liepa as well as another world by TapStar CEO, Chris Gray. This sequel was developed in collaboration by TapStar Interactive, First Star Software, SoMa Play Inc. and Katsu Entertainment LLC (2014 - Android, iOS) as both a premium (paid) and a freemium game.
Boulder Dash (2015 – Intellivision) – co-published by First Star Software, Inc. and Classic Game Publishers, Inc./Elektronite
Boulder Dash Deluxe (2021 – Switch, Xbox, Atari VCS, Steam (PC and Mac), Windows Store and Mac Store) – developed and published by BBG Entertainment with a world designed by the original creator Peter Liepa and a Retro world with the 20 original levels from 1984.
Boulder Dash Ultimate Collection (2022 – Switch)
References
Bibliography
External links
Official website
Archived website
Boulder Dash for the Atari 8-bit family at Atari Mania
Fan site with mechanics, implementation details
Photos of packaging
"Between a Rock and a Hard Diamond" Electron Dance, July 2011
Review in GAMES Magazine
1984 video games
Amstrad CPC games
Apple II games
Arcade video games
Atari 8-bit family games
BBC Micro and Acorn Electron games
Beam Software games
Boulder Dash
ColecoVision games
Commodore 64 games
Data East video games
Exidy games
First Star Software games
Game Boy games
IOS games
Maze games
Mirrorsoft games
MSX games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Rocks-and-diamonds games
Single-player video games
Video game franchises introduced in 1984
Video games developed in Canada
Virtual Console games
Windows Phone games
ZX Spectrum games