October 4, 2023
Promoting Offshore Wind Power Generation to Achieve Carbon Neutrality by 2050 Imai  Masanori Chairperson and Representative Director, Toda Corporation Co-chair, Japan Climate Leaders’ Partnership (JCLP) Vice President, National General Contractors Association of Japan Chairperson and Representative Director, Toda Corporation - Career - 1952  Born in Sakai, Osaka 1978  Completed the master's program in architecture, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 1978  Joined Toda Corporation 2013  President & Representative Director 2021  Chairperson & Representative Director ◾  Engaged in the construction industry for more than 40 years since joining ■  Currently belongs to the following organizations and focuses on the development of the construction industry and the realization of a carbon-neutral society. • Co-Chair, Japan Climate Leaders' Partnership (JCLP) •  Vice-Chair, Eco-First Promotion Council • Chairperson, Japan Construction Occupational Safety and Health Association • Vice President, National General Contractors Association of Japan • Chairperson, the Associated General Contractors of Tokyo ◾  Engaged in floating offshore wind power generation business in 2007 and started commercial operation in 2015 → Japan's first floating offshore wind power generation project started off the coast of the Goto Islands in Nagasaki Prefecture ■  Currently working towards the industrialization of f floating offshore wind power General Government Debt: GDP ratio GDP ratio It is important to know the total amount of debt in relation to the size of the country’s economy (GDP), which is the source of tax revenue. Japan's debt is more than twice GDP (Highest level among major developed countries) When public debt exceeds 90% of GDP, economic growth declines by 1% How to achieve 100% of GDP by 2060 or Consumption tax rate 30% increase Improvement in income and expenditure of 14% of GDP:70 trillion yen 2060 (year) Utilization of natural energy can be one of the tools to improve government debt and economic growth W Challenges for the Sustainable Development of Japan Economies ② Decline in the Working Population and Tight Demand for Human Resources � Demand for Human Resources for GX The Demand for Human Resources of Japan (mil.) to realize GX in 2030 (MRI Estimate) ■ The Trend of Working Population 2016. (For ages 75 and older, the labor force participation rate for ages 75 and older in 2016 was used as that for ages 75-79; for ages 80 and 2020 40% reduction About 64 million 2065 About 40million ✓ Improvement of work style, operational efficiency and productivity (by IT･DX etc.) ✓ Necessity for high productive industries that contribute to CN ✓ Necessity for shifting human resources across industries and companies Source in Miratorici Reserch Instruct (MB) All resimines backs on the energy suppressional model and the 2019 Instructions into for Analysis Next Energy Systems, Vassda Univ Integration Research Organization, and Institute for Economic Analysis of Next-Ceneration Science and Technology Source 24 complication in Nearol Research  Institute from Mineaved Leonomy  Trade and Indiany Armal Research on Taipar accessives (6019) established Institute of Peopletion Trends" (April 2017 estimate). 4 Japan Wind Resources and Energy Demand 33.1 EJ/y 17.74 EJ/y Total Offshore Wind Resource 29.0 EJ/y Japan's wind resources have a potential of about 1.8 times its energy demand ➡ Improve the energy balance and establish energy security! [1] bp Statistical Review of World Energy 2022 [2] World Energy Transition Statistics Electricity: percentage of electricity in total final energy consum B) Perentant of electricity in primary creative interviews attractive Architecture bronzeron (4) Complet by Newbook Research Institute, inc. Lond on Architecture I complete ard Comprisone Energi Saintes.  15 Mineso ed the Environment  Instrumental System (REAS)  Control bine 24, 2020, (Gresi co Merch 24, 2022) (G) (EA, 1912). Girlson Wed Cortoo 2019. (Cited December 21, 2020.) Japan Primary Energy Status and Wind Power Reserves (2021) (Ref.) Prefixes of powers of 10 |E (Exa) : 10¹8 times |P (peta) : 10¹5 times T (Tera) : 1012 times |G (Giga): 109 times |M (mega) : 10 6 times 6
in Japan Floating offshore wind power can be mass-produced, installed and it can be the main source of primary energy. Build large-scale industries with high productivity and establish energy security
Large Scale Offshore Wind Farm cover 53.6% of primary energy of Japan : (1,000 GW = 2,628 TWh : capacity utilization rate = 30%) Industry Scale : 18.4 trillion yen/y, 368 trillion / 20 years 1,000GW・7yen/kWh) Wind power Offshore fix-base Onshore Geothermal Others 7 ▶  Acquisition, Development and Production of Wind Power Generators ▶ Offshore expansion of Wind Power →Floating complex (Installation of Mega Float) ▶  Formulation of Marine Spatial Planning ▶ Survey of EEZ Infrastructure Development (Power Grids and Ports) A ▶  Fisheries Promotion and Biodiversity : Consideration for the Environment Many Issues to be Solved toward Achieving CN by 2050

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Issue 1 Acquisition, Development and Production of Wind Turbines (Larger Wind Turbines)
On orders Under development 12 ～ 15 MW 20MW 2030- [List of issues] ➤ ① Acquisition, development and production of wind turbines ▶ ② Offshore expansion of wind power Floating complex (Installation of Mega-Floats) ▶ ③Formulation of Marine Spatial Planning Floating Complex
Use of Floating Complex
✓  Manufacturing and Maintenance Base for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Set up manufacturing and maintenance base in offshore wind setting area ✓ Mooring Base • For fuel cell ships and hydrogen ships etc. • Power supply station for sailing ships (like a gas station at sea)
✓  Seawater Purification Base – Environmental Preservation
. Use of shellfish such as farmed oysters, scallops, pearl oyster and others (Aproximately 400 liters of seawater is filtered per day by one oyster) Reference : Ministry of Agriculture  ( https://www.jfa.maff.go.jp/j/kikaku/tamenteki/kaisetu/gyogyou_katudou/ )
✓  Hydrogen Production and Storage Plants
Electrolysis of seawater by generated electricity – green hydrogen . . Storage of generated hydrogen and oxygen
✓  Marine Surveillance and Defense Systems
. Restrict on ships of other countries that sailing territorial waters and contiguous zones
[Reference] [1]Guidelines for the Consensus Building Process on Ocean Use   Ocean Alliance – University of Tokyo https://www.oa.u-tokyo.ac.jp/program/images/cbm.guideline.pdf Example in EU   ※*Data presented by Isabella at a conference organized by the Renewable Energy Foundation
Resource Development," Japan Renewable Energy Foundation （https://www.renewable-ei.org/activities/events/20230620.php) 13
1/100 scale Two-dimensional tank experiment (Kyoto University) Deep-sea tank experiment (Maritime Research Institute of Technology and Safety) field experiment (Sasebo City, Nagasaki Prefecture) Ministry of the Environment Demonstration Project (Off the coast of Kabashima, Goto City) Small-scale testing equipment installed (1/2 scale, 100kW) demonstration model installed (2000kW) demonstration model moved to offshore Sakiyama Ministry of the Environment project completed Transferred to Goto City Start of power generation business Semi-submersible spud barge (Float Raiser) multifunctional ship completed Designated as promotion zone wind farm business operator (16.8MW) Proceeding construction 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2023 Semi-submersible spud stand (float raiser) multifunction ship 14

✓ Simple Structure
Contributes to standardization, Mass Production and low cost ✓ Can be built on quays with low ground bearing capacity The weight per unit area is reduced by lying on its side ✓ Stability Reduces the influence of waves and wind direction ✓ Low-Cost Design Using comparatively cheap concrete and steel. Utilize the mechanical properties of each ✓ Construction at Local Companies Steel parts are made by ironworks and shipyards in Nagasaki Concrete parts are made by company in Goto City by standardizing structure Q1. What is the scale of wind turbine? 2,000 kW（enough for about 1,800 households） Q2.What do you do with the generated electricity? Connected to the power system of Kyushu Electric Power and supply to residents of Fukue Island and Goto City. Q3. How many tons does one windmill weigh? About 3,500 ton. (Stable by ballast material(about 1,400 ton) inside the main body Q4. Will the windmill collapse? What to do for a typhoon? Like “Roly-Poly Toy”, it is designed to get up and return to its original state whenever. When a typhoon come and exceed the predetermined wind speed, it parry the wind by stopping the rotation of rotor. Introduce of Joint Research Chair
Development and integration of elemental technologies required for the industrialization and social implementation of offshore wind power Driving force to create a new offshore wind industry in Japan -Offshore Wind System Integration ▶Wind turbine local factory & Supply chain ▶Larger size, mass production, and lower cost of floating structure ▶Surveys of wind and sea conditions in the EEZ ▶Surveys on possible installation areas and mooring methods in the EEZ ▶Development of power grid conversion to fuel, storage and transportation ▶Development of floating manufacturing plants and maintenance bases ▶Energy management in remote islands ▶Measures for biodiversity and environment, utilization of marine space Workshops and Collaborative research Work on for industrializing offshore wind power with various corporation, research institutes and universities Joint Research Chair for Offshore Wind System Integration The furture of Japan pioneered by the sea, Challenging energy that has not yet been seen,