1. l . l . 2 Infiltration into a soil profile: 1. Flux and pressure boundary conditions. Nobuo TORIDE¹ Kunio WATANABE¹ Masaru SAKAI² 1. Philip 1991 1984 Green-Ampt 2000 Green-Ampt Green Hillel, 2001; Jury and Horton, 2006 2.
and Ampt 105 2007 - Philip 1957a-e
Warrick  2003
2
2
Jury and Horton, Philip 2006
HYDRUS-1D  Šimůnek et al., 2008 1 Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima- Machiya, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan. Corresponding author: ²Utah State University, Dep. Plants, Soils, and Climate 2009 10 2009 11 13 23
113 , 31–41 (2009)
Green-Ampt
Jury and Horton, 2006 e θ(h) 1
Jury and Horton, 2006 h θ
(4) 11 3. 2007 van Genuchten 2009
Table 1 Carsel and Parrish   1988 2 ℓ = 0.5
K(h)
h Jury h (0,t) = ho
hi
2006
11 (10) Fig. 2
Cw (h) Cw h = −7.4 cm h = −66 cm
(9) ho 12 van Genuchten 4 and Horton, 2006 Cw
K dh dz – L = 0 (11) 8 9 Cw flux-controlled nonponding infiltration Hillel, 2001 2006 Hillel 2001 transmission zone wetting zone wetting front 4 Hillel 2001 34
dh/dz = 0 h… 1 θ(h ∞ ) Table q h∞ 2 100 cm Fig. 4 h i = −500 cm Fig. 4 |qo| = 3   0.5   0.2 cm ho 6 K s = 106.1 cm d-1 3 cm d− 1 Table 1 K s = 6 cm d− 1 Fig. 5  a  –  c cm h = −100 hi = −500 cm h i = −500 cm Table 1 θ(hi) 3 d−1 Fig. 5 ho K(hi) ３ ６ ９cm Fig. 5   3 θ(z) qo = 3    0.5    0.2 cm d− 1 (a) (b) (c) h(z)  (d) (e) (f) Jury and Horton, 2006 qo qo = 0.2 cm qo = 0.2 cm d−1
Rassam et al., 0 cm Fig. 5  d  –  f K(h ∞ ) = qo h… Philip 1957a h i = −500 cm K i = 9.5 × 10−4 K i = 5.5 × 10−6 cm d−1 controlled
profile- 0 cm 100 cm cm d−1 K Table 1 2 5 ～ 6 K 5. d-1 Ki Ki 10 cm K(h ...) Fig. 5 g - i Fig. 1  a h i = −500 cm Table 1 Fig.  6 3 ho = −1   −31   −55 cm 90 Table 2 θ(hi) Table 1 qot θ(h ∞ ) 90 Fig. 7 90 Fig. 5  a  -  c Cw (h) Cw Jury and Horton, 2006 Fig. 2
h = 0 cm Rassam et al., 2004 K 4 θ(ho) 90 Table 3 K(ho) ho = ho = − 1 θ(h ∞ )
Fig. 2 Fig. 5 20 cm 2 3 ho Cw θ(h) Fig. 5  a  -  c θ(h ...) 37 h… ho 90 Fig.  6 90 ho Fig. 4 ho h i = −500 cm Δh = ho − h i Fig. 6 dh/dz 90 K(ho) ho = − 1 cm ho = −31 cm ho = −55 cm ho = − 1cm 90 1 dh/dz 90 1 ho = − 1 cm ho = −31 cm 5 a - c Fig. 90 dh/dz = 0 1 q… = K(ho) 2006 Fig. 4 q… = K(ho) c Fig. 5 a - q. = K (ho) Fig. 1   b Table 3 ho h = −31 cm K ho = −31 cm ho = − 1 cm ho = −55 cm qo = 0.5 cm d−1 h∞ ho = −55 cm qo = 0.2 cm d−1 Table 2   Table 3 3 h… ho K(ho) Fig. 7   d   –   f Fig. Ki
ho = − 1 cm 9 ∞ 7 a - c ho = − l −55 cm −31 (a) (b) (c) h(z)    (d) (e) (f) θ(z) Fig. 8 b    90 = 0.2 cm d−1 c qo = 0.2 cm d−1 a    qo = 3 cm d− 1 K i = 5.5 × 10−6 cm d−1 K(ho) = 85.9 cm d− 1 ho = −55 cm K Fig. 7 g - i θ( h i ) Table 1 θ(ho) θ( h i ) Fig. 5 Table 3 θ(ho) ho = − 1 cm 6. 1 1 2 2 ho = −55 cm cm Hillel, g - i ho = −55 Fig. 6 2001 Fig. 5 Fig. 8 a Fig. 4 qo = 3 cm d−1 3d 90 = 0.5 cm K Fig. 5   d Fig. 5   d d-1 Fig. 5 h ho = −31 cm   Fig. 7   h       qo = 0.2 cm d−1    Fig. 5    i ho = −55 cm   Fig. 7   i h… Fig. 8 40 cm 3 cm d− 1 ho = −1 cm ho dh/dz = 0 20 cm 5 cm 1.54 cm d−1 45 cm c Fig. 5   i 1 K(h) Warrick, 2003 K HYDRUS-1D Fig. 8 7. Jury and Horton, 2006 2 d 90 = 3 cm d−1 1988
K 3 cm d-l Ki = 5.5 × 10−6 cm K     dh/dz
K K dh/dz 90 = 3 cm d− 1 Fig.
5 a 40 cm
K Fig. 8   a Fig. 8   b qo = 0.2 cm d−1 30 d 90 = 3 cm d−1 K qo qo = 3 cm d− 1
Fig. 8 30 d 113 (2009) Ki = 5.5 × 10−6 cm d−1 Table 1 Fig. 5 30d c 90 = 0.2 cm d−1 K i = 9.5 × 10− 4 cm d− 1 HYDRUS-1D http://www.bio.mie- u.ac.jp/junkan/sec1/lab5/model/index.html Philip 1957e Philip 1957e Carsel, R. F. and Parrish, R. S. (1988): Developing joint probabil- ity distributions of soil water retention characteristics, Water Resour. Res., 24: 755–769. 2007 : W. H. Green and G. A. Ampt l 105: 111–115. Hillel, D. (2001) II l 10 pp. 1–51 Jury, W. A. and Horton, R. (2006): 2007 M. Th. van Genuchten 1991 106: 105–112 2 pp. 15–44 2 1.
Philip, J. R. (1957a): The theory of infiltration:  1. The infiltration equation and its solution. Soil Sci., 83: 345–357. Philip, J. R. (1957b): The theory of infiltration: 2. The profile at infinity. Soil Sci., 83: 435–448. Philip, J. R. (1957c): The theory of infiltration: 3. Moisture pro- files and relation to experiment. Soil Sci., 84:  163–178. Philip, J. R. (1957d): The theory of infiltration: 4. Sorptivity and algebraic infiltration equations. Soil Sci., 84: 257–264. Philip, J. R. (1957e): The theory of infiltration: 5. Influence of initial moisture content. Soil Sci., 84: 329–339. Rassam, D., Šimůnek, J. and van Genuchten, M. Th. (2004) HYDRUS-2D pp. 1.1–1.52 HYDRUS Šimůnek, J., Šejna, M., Saito, H., Sakai, M., and van Genuchten, M. Th. (2008): The HYDRUS-1D software package for sim- ulating the movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably saturated media, Version 4.0, HYDRUS Software Se- ries 3, Dep. of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA. 1988 2 — , , — J. Šimůnek 56: 61–67
104: : pp.36–159 Y. Mualem 63–73. , 2009 111: 61–73. Warrick, A. W. (2003): Soil water dynamics, pp. 167–184, Oxford university press, New York.