1. Introduction
Issues!! ▷ Rice straw is the vegetative part of the rice plant ▷ It may be burned and left on the field before the next ploughing ▷ In developing countries, over 90% of rice straw are openly burned ▷ These practices create severe health and safety problems, degrade soil fertility, and environmental consequences. ▷ The openly burned waste discharges CO, in the air, which is the primary source of greenhouse gas, and responsible for global warming ▷ Rice straw is another source of CO, emission in developing countries ▷ Millions of tons of rice straws (RS) are burnt annually in South Asian countries through wildfires, post-harvest burning of cultivation fields, and domestic uses for cooking and heating
1,2,3Md. Matiar Rahman, 1,2Israt Jahan 1,2Bidyut Baran Saha ¹ International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan ² Mechanical Engineering Department, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan ³Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka,, Dhaka, Bangladesh Email: saha.baran.bidyut.213@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp Fig 1: Burning food waste and capturing the CO, gas employing RS derived AC
Challenges !!
Solution
▷ A smart closed chamber can be considered for burning the FW ▷ During the burning, CO 2 gas will be produced, which could be captured in an efficient way as it cannot be emitted to the atmosphere. ▷ This CO₂ gas will be exhausted to a closed adsorption chamber for the adsorption ▷ The adsorption chamber consists of adsorbent materials  Activated carbon (AC) will synthesized be from carbonization of rice straw following according  the steps ❖ Specific surface area, morphology, surface structure, crystal COs adsorption capacity of the sample will be studied ❖ An  adsorption chamber containing  AC be will developed. 3. Result and discussion Step 1 □ Crushing (particle size <5mm) □ Air drying (100 °C for 48 h) □ Vacuum drying (105 °C for 1h) Step 2 ❏ Carbonization (600 °C, inert atmosphere) ❏ Powdered and sieved (mesh size 100 μm) Step 3 □ Activation using potassium hydroxide (Biomass:KO H ; 1:4)  and heating (900°C,inert condition) Step 4 □ Washing with HCl solution and deionized water □ Drying (110 °C) 5. Summary Rice Straw
➤ Fig 2 shows the steps of the synthesis process ▶ Fig 3 presents the surface morphology of the sample ➤ Fig 4 represents the XRD pattern of the sample. The peak at 45° confirm the formation of activated carbon Fig 3: SEM image of activated carbon Activated sample 1600 Fig 2: Synthesis steps of activated carbon 80 40 30 70 10 20 50 60 20 [degree] Fig 4: XRD pattern of activated carbon ▷ A smart closed Chamber will be developed to save the environment from air pollution. A The co₂ produced will be stored by adsorption technology using activated carbon as adsorbent. synthesized → We have successfully activated carbon in laboratory from rice straw. Surface morphology crystal and structure of the sample has been studied. structural  characterization ➤ Further and adsorptive experiments will be done simultaneously ▷ Finally, an adsorption chamber with activated carbon will be developed.
References
| [1] Mollona, E. et al. Policy Brief. (2013) How to Stop the Pollution Caused by Burning Rice Residue? A Study from Bangladesh. [2] Pal, A. et al. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 110, 7-19 (2017) Study on biomass derived activated carbons for adsorptive heat pump application. [3] Rocky, K, Islam. A. Pal. A etal. (2020) Experimental investigation of the specific heat capacity of parent materials and composite adsorbents for adsorption heat pumps. ▷ The selection of adsorbent materials for CO, capture is a crucial issue ▷ Biomass-derived AC was found promising for capturing CO 2 as it has high pore volume and high affinity to CO₂ molecules ▷ Rice straw (RS) could be a great source for synthesizing biomass derived AC ▷ The burning of FW will generate charcoals, from which we can produce low-grade AC.