Re-branding tatami-facing made from Shichitoui (Cyperus malaccensis Lam.) in Kunisaki GIAHS to overcome insufficient payment for farmer's too severe labor世界農業遺産地域での農林漁業者ほどれくらいの価値を生みだすことができるのか～“くにさき七島菌蒸”の高度ブラ対ド化の例r
◆Geographical: Round peninsula with highly porous volcanic soil and steep rivers � Climatic: Warm temperate and low rainfall ◆ Landscape: Beautiful Paddy fields, Irrigation ponds, Sawtooth Oak forests, Sea coasts. ◆Products: Shiitake mushroom, Shichitoui, Rice etc. ◆Historical: Fusing Shinto and Buddhist philosophies flourished ◆Biodiversity: Sustainable coexistence with endangered Oita salamander etc.,
´As large scale paddy agriculture was not developed in this region, it became necessary to cultivate  commodities that complemented wetland rice. Rice Shichitoui tatami-facing Dried-Log wood cultivated Shiitake Shichitoui  Industry Which Remains Only Kunisaki Peninsula in Japan Features ; 1: Dried Shichitoui (Cyperus malaccensis Lam.) for durable weaving tatami facing 2: Indigenous farming practice only in Kunisaki and brought large profits in a small paddy field 3: Accumulated know-how for Shichitoui industry in Oita prefecture
History;
1: Shichitoui cultivation in Oita began about 350 years ago after introduced from Tokara Islands 2: In 1957, 5.5 million tatami-facings were produced in 1505 ha paddy field in Oita. 3: Several thousands tatami-facings were produced  in 1 ha of paddy field at  Kunisaki in 2009 4: Establishment of ‘Kunisaki Shichitoui’ Promotion Association for the revival of the industry in 2010 5: Kunisaki GIAHS designation in 2013 6: Geographical indications(GI) designation for Kunisaki Shichitoui tatami-facing in 2016 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved 2018/8/27 4
made from Shichitoui made from Rush grass
As tatami-facing:
• Durable and resistant to fire • Used in dinning room, working room ( special tea room  and once widely known as a Judo tatami ) • At present : • Specially known as “Ryukyu” and almost have been forgotten • Produced only in Kunisaki Peninsula, Oita • Delicate and beautiful • Used in guest room • At present: • Commonly used and produced mostly in Kumamoto prefecture As fiber crop plant: • Tropical and/or subtropical short-day plant with thicker triangular stem • Transplant in May and harvest in August 2018/8/27 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved • Temperate long-day plant with circular stem • Transplant in November and harvest in next June 5 room in the 1960’s. The tatami-facing was made from Shichitoui produced in my family. These tatami mats closely related to daily life and were cheaper than that with the tatami- facing made from rush grass. However, even my family wanted prestigious tatami with the tatami-facing made from Rush grass. Changes in Japanese lifestyle and way of thinking caused a reduction in Shichitoui tatami-facing consumption. 2018/8/27 tatami mat from above (tatami-facing) tatami mat from side tatami mat from back side (rice straw base (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights
(Reproduction photo by H. Hayashi) A: Transplant into paddy field in May. C: Harvest with a sickle. D: Slice stem vertically into two parts through thin wire by hand. (at present, mechanized) E: Dehydrate under sunshine (at present, mechanized) F: Weave Tatami facing using using semi-automated machine (at present, fully automated machine under development) The inability to obtain the price suitable for too severe labor caused a drastic decrease in the production of Shichitoui tatami-facing. 2018/8/27 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved 7 88 (1) During and just after 2nd World War, rice production was highly recommended in paddy field not Shichitoui. (2) Severe labor of the farmers was not rewarded, because a rapid decline in tatami demand due to westernization of Japanese lifestyle decreased the relative price of a tatami-facing. 2018/8/27 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved
(1)Hiroaki HAYASHI  Hiryoukagaku (2014).   (2)Relative value of Shichitoui was calculated by dividing the of 10 sheets of Shichitoui tatami-facing by the price of 60 kg of rice.  Data 1892-1984 was from “Bungo no Shichitoui” (1986) by Tetsuo MAEDA. Data of 2010 rice price was in http://www.maff.go.jp/j/seisan/keikaku/soukatu/pdf/22kakaku-all.pdf.  Shichitoui  tatami-facing price of 2010 was obtained by interviewing a wholesaler by Hiroaki HAYASHI. (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved 10 Action plan GIAHS: Kunisaki Peninsula Usa integrated forestry, agriculture and fisheries system To pass traditional agriculture down to future generations Regional revitalization by using GIAHS brand No.1 Shiitake farmer (Kunisaki City) Inspection tour from Korea Revival and restoration of traditional Shichitoui industry (Kitsuki City)
(C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved
11 a: Teaching materials for primary school children. b: Cultivation experience in elementary school(photo from Kunisaki City Homepage). c: Presentation at the junior high school Summit. d: Direct dialogue of a shichitoui-farmer and high school students. 2018/8/27 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved
Japan Country Living p.62 by Amy Sylvester Katoh photographs by Shin Kimura Tuttle Publishing 1993 Shichitoui tatami-facing has been used generally for a long time, and recently it has also been evaluated from foreign countries 2018/8/27
(C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved
Recognition of symbiotic relationship between Shichitoui industry and nature Craftswoman for Shichitoui, Ms. C. Iwakiri,  has restored the traditional drying process for sliced Shichitoui stems on the beach, so called “Hamaboshi”. 2018/8/27 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved 14 Children experienced this traditional work and enjoyed the beautiful beach. Recognize that sliced Shichitoui drying operation kept the local coastline environment clean. A former Shichitoui farmer did not cultivated Shichitoui in order to maintain a clean beach. Consequently, they help nature. C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved
New entrants Kunisaki City Satoshi and Miyuki Fuchino who started Shichitoui farming by receiving veteran farmer (Tadashi and Emi Matsubara) support.     New information  available in https://agri.mynavi.jp/2018_06_25_2999/ Training program of the traditional industry engineer for Shichitoui tatami industry New proposals for customers In Japanese Modern Room photo form  http://shitto.org/ A Bench in the Modern Art of  Museum ОгАм  Oita Prefectural Art Museum photo by H. Hayashi 17
チトウイ加工品の品質基準
1.Shichitoui tatami-facing
以下の基準を満たしたシチトウイを原料として使用したもの。茎の太さが中庸でバラツキがなく、茎の先端と根元の太さが揃っているもの。最青白色の色沢があるもので、適当な弾力があり、製織した畳表が均質となるもの。ばいた製造を行い、品質検査に合格したもの。
Shichitoui Crafts
厚み、幅、長さが均等の三つ編みにより製造されたもの。巾座のシナトワイを原料として使用し、菌振興会が認定した「くにさき七島蘭工芸士」の資格を持ったものが県内で製造したもの。が認定した円座、角座及びラグマットで、以下の不具合がなhttp://www.kunisaki-usa- giahs.com/about_giahs/c ertification.html http://www.maff.go .jp/j/shokusan/gi_a ct/register/22.htmlトウイを三つ編み!または、23cm四方に編んだもの）を縫い合わせたもの。お客様の名Improvement of recognition of GIAHS is still essential!! Awareness of GIAHS in Oita prefecture   47.5%(2015.3)→63.8% (2017.3) 2018/8/27 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved 18 Top news(2018.7.24) in “The Japan Agricultural News’ saying--- 1:Shichitoui Industry, Fusion of Tradition and Innovation 2:Shichitoui, from Poverty Grass to Treasure Grass 2018/8/27 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved
(1)Hiroaki HAYASHI  Hiryoukagaku (2014).   (²)Relative value of Shichitoui was calculated by dividing the price of 10 sheets of Shichitoui tatami-facing by the price of 60 kg of rice.  Data 1892-1984 was from “Bungo no Shichitoui” (1986) by Tetsuo MAEDA. Data of 2010 rice price was in http://www.maff.go.jp/j/seisan/keikaku/soukatu/pdf/22kakaku-all.pdf.  Data of 2017 rice price was in http://www.maff.go.jp/j/press/seisaku_tokatu/kikaku/attach/pdf/180814-1.pdf. Shichitoui tatami-facing prices of 2010 and 2017 were obtained by interviewing a wholesaler by Hiroaki HAYASHI. 2018/8/27 (C)2018 H HAYASHI All Rights Reserved 20 8.34 (2017)