Expertise Applied | Answers Delivered Battery Disconnect and Protection Automotive Users must independently evaluate the suitability of and test each product selected for their own specific applications. It is the user's sole responsibility to defermine fi particular system or use based on their own performance criteria, conditions, specific application, compatibility with other parts, and environmental conditions. Users must independently provide appropriate design and operating safeguards to minimize any risks associated with their applications and products. Littelfuse products are not designe for, and may not be used in, all applications. Read complete Disclaimer Notice at littelfuse.com/disclaimer-electronics.
A Infotainment & Communication ● Smart infotainment ● Navigation ● Multipurpose camera ● Telematics box B Network Systems & Body Electronics ● CAN, LIN ●  USB, Wireless ● Keyless entry ● Lighting control G Advanced Driver Assistance System ●  V2X Communication 。 Radar o eCall ● Sensor fusion D
Power Train
● Battery management system ● On-board charger ● Traction motor inverter ● DC/DC converter u Chassis & Safety System ● Seatbelt safety ● Tire pressure monitoring ● Battery disconnect ●  Fuel level detection Increased need for circuit protection, power control, and sensing products to ensure safety and reliability

Market Trends
Global sales of passenger cars were sluggish in 2019, but electric cars had another banner year. The global electric car fleet consisted of 7.2 million (2019) versus 5.1 million (2018). By 2030, global EV sales will reach 25 million units. China will continue to dominate the EV market. The infrastructure for electric-vehicle charging continues to expand. There were 7.3 million chargers worldwide in 2019 (6.5 million were private). Convenience, cost-effectiveness, and a variety of support policies (such as preferential rates, equipment purchase incentives, and rebates) are the main drivers. Electric car sales drive cost reductions in batteries, boosting deployment across all road vehicle categories. Policies continue to support electric vehicle deployment and are evolving to a more holistic policy portfolio. Environmental and sustainability objectives drive electric vehicle policy support at all governance levels.
Market Projections
Stated Policy Scenario includes aims to illustrate the likely consequences of existing and announced policy measures. Sustainable Development Scenario aims at ensuring universal energy access for all by 2030. bringing about sharp reductions in emissions of air pollutants and meeting global climate goals in line with the Paris Agreement. It is based on limiting the global temperature rise to below 1.7–1.8 degrees Celsius with a 66% probability, reaching net zero emissions by 2070. Government regulations, environmental concerns, and performance drive shift to EV
Legend: Low-/High-voltage DC 120/240 VAC Expertise Applied | Answers Delivered Litteliuse, Inc. © 2021
A Battery Management System o Fuses ● TVS Diode ●  Solid State Relay ● Diode Array B
On-board Charger
● Fuses ● TVS Diode 0 MOV ● Diode Array ● SIDACtor® ● SCR (G Traction motor inverter ● TVS Diode ● Diode Array ●   Reflowable Thermal Protectors (RTP) ● Gate Driver w Battery Distribution Unit ●  Bolt-down Fuses ● Contactors ●  Pyro Fuse
DC/DC Converter
● Fuse ●  TVS Diode, Diode Array ● Gate Driver ●  Reflowable Thermal Protectors (RTP) Expertise Applied    Answers Delivered
Battery Management
System (BMS)
. Battery Management System Battery Module . A
Acronyms: MOV: Metal Oxide Varistor TVS:  Transient Voltage Suppressor SMD: Surface Mount Device Legend: A Expertise Applied | Actives Delivered
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Acronyms: High Voltage HV: LV: Low Voltage ✦ Power ✦ Data Expertise Applied | Answers Delivered A Littelfuse, Inc. © 2021 9
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Battery Distribution Unit
(BDU)
. Battery Distribution Unit Architecture . . High Voltage DC Contactor Relays Pyro Safety Module E
* Please contact Littelfuse Associates for details Littelfuse, Inc. © 2021 u Expertise Applied | Arswers Delivered 12 w
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Charge Contactors Main Contactors Pre-Charge Contactor Auxiliary Contactors . Main Contactor: Used in both lines (positive and negative) of the traction battery. The main contactors connect and disconnect the traction battery from the entire electric drivetrain in the vehicle. Pre-charge Contactor: Used to protect the main contactors from an excess inrush current, a pre-charge contactor is used together with a pre-charge resistor to charge the capacitors of the power inverter to a level of typically 90–98% of the battery voltage. . Charger Contactor; Used to establish connection between the battery charger and the traction battery when the vehicle is connected to a charging station. . Auxillary Contactors: Control other electrical loads in the vehicle that are operated by the HV battery (for example, electric heater, blower, A/C compressor, pneumatic bra compressor, power steering pump, and so on). 14 u
1 All relays open battery pack isolated ３  Close Main + Relay 21 Close Pre-Charge and Ground Relay to charge capacitive loads in Inverter through current limiting resistor 4 Open Pre-charge Relay Charge Contactors Pre-Charge Contactor Main Contactors Auxiliary Contactors 15 ( : ) Expertise Applied | Answers Delivered
Individual components are used. They need to be coordinated carefully for proper functioning. • Pyro Fuse Module ▪ Current Sensor • Discrete Fuse • External Control (trigger) Traditional Architecture Pyro Safety Module (PSM) In the new solution, the components are not simply replaced— they are fully integrated and optimally aligned with each other! Pyro-based circuit breaker, current sensor, microprocessor, and fuse in one Module u
The PSM consists of individual components that are optimally aligned with each other, resulting in a fully integrated product with higher performance at lower system costs . In addition, it requires less installation space. The PSM's most important advantage over other products in the market is its even faster detection of the overcurrent event and thus a significantly faster and safer disconnection of the battery from the rest of the vehicle. . Controlled disconnection within 1 ms . Very high disconnecting capability . Multiple and adjustable trigger levels . High current-sensing accuracy . High level of integration (Pyro-based Circuit Breaker, Current Sensor, MCU, and Fuse) Low internal resistance . . Low space and low weight . Functional Safety up to ASIL-D . Communication interface, for example, CAN . Enabler for reduced system costs at OEM PSM 500 ECs
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PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
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Our global customer service team is with you to anticipate your needs and ensure a seamless experience
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To help customers in the design process to account for requirements set by global regulatory authorities We offer certification testing to global regulatory standards to help customers get products to market faster
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VITTAGTURNS High-volume manufacturing committed to the highest quality standards Expertise Applied | Answers Delivered Littelfuse.com Expertise Applied | Answers Delivered
Supplementary Slides
High Voltage DC Contactor Relays . . Pyro Safety Module
High Voltage DC Contactor
Expertise Applied | Actives Deliverise Littelfuse, Inc. © 2021 24
Resin Design Benefits: ▪ Lower cost • Simple manufacturing process Can include Non-Polar options . Ceramic Design Benefits: • Better Arc chamber seal ▪ Higher contact voltage capability ▪ Withstand higher pressures and temperatures longer Littelfuse, Inc. © 2021
PSM 500 ECt Benefits: • Trigger at defined current level • Durability/aging; size ▪ Low internal resistance/power losses (compared to discrete components) ◾ Current limiting: Very high interrupting capability

PSM 500 ECs
Benefits:
▪ Current measurement & trigger at defined current level • Durability/aging; size • Low resistance/power losses (compared to discrete components) ◾ Current limiting: Very high interrupting capability
This document is provided by Littelfuse, Inc. ("Littelfuse") for informational and quideline purposes only. Littelfuse assumes no liability for errors or omissions in this d for any of the information contained herein. Information is provided on an "as is" and "with all faults" basis for evaluation purposes only. Applications described are for i purposes only, and Littelfuse makes no representation that such applications will be suitable for the customer's specific use without further testing or modification. Littel expressly disclaims all warranties, whether express, implied, or statutory, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particul and non-infringement. It is the customer's sole responsibility to determine suitability for a particular system or use based on their own performance criteria, conditions, s application, compatibility with other parts, and environmental conditions. Customers must independently provide appropriate design and operating safeguards to minimize any risks associated with their applications and products. Read complete Disclaimer Notice at littelfuse.com/disclaimer-electronics . Expertise Applied | Answers Delivered elfuse.com