Japan-Indonesia Seminar for Urban
Development and Housing 2017
Keynote Speech

Japan‘s Cooperation for
Urban Development in Indonesia

Dr. Hiroto IZUMI,Special Advisor to thePrime Minister
September 5, 2017

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

1

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation2

Outline■ Japan■ Indonesia

Population

About 127 million

Population

About 255 million

Total land area

About 378,000 km2

Total land area

About 1,890,000 km2

GDP growth rate

0.5%

GDP growth rate

5%

Tokyo
Jakarta3

Changes in GDP per capita（$/capita）

Rapid economic growth
periodSteady growth period

Maturation period

Japanese GDP per capita

Indonesia

3,605$/capita（2016）

0
1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

4

Comparison of Jakarta and Tokyo (“Yamanote Line”)
Scale≒Yamanote Line Tokyo
Population ≒10mil.
(estimated to be 11.3mil in 2030)

Ikebukuro
Ueno

Area
(㎢)

Population

Density(/ha)

9,214,130

148

Tokyo
Metropolitan※

13,557 36,428,471

27

DKI Jakarta

740 10,178,000

145

Tokyo
23ward623

Shinjuku
Tokyo
Shibuya

Shinagawa
JABODETABEK

7,315 31,715,323

43※Tokyo, Saitama, Kanagawa & Chiba

5

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

6

Urban issues in Indonesia (Population growth in the JABODETABEK)
While the population density is higher in Jakarta DKI, the growth rate is higher in neighboring cities.
Population growth is expected to continue and the total population of JABODETABEK is expected toreach 70 million by 2035.
Annual Growth
Population (thousand)

2000

2010

2015

2000-20102010-2015

DKI Jakarta

8389.49640.4

10177.9

1.40%

1.09%

JABODETABEK(excl. DKI Jakarta)

14844.6

18351.421537.4

2.14%

3.25%

Population Density (2010, ppl/ha)
200

150

100

50

0

7

Urban issues in Indonesia (Congestion due to commuter traffic)
Traffic situation is rapidly worsening due to commuter traffic from JABODETABEK to central
Jakarta. Without policy actions, the share of public transportation is expected to decrease.
Increasing commuter traffic in JABODETABEKExpected modal share

Increasing dependence on private cars (trend case)

JICA, MPA Steering Committee
Traffic congestion in Jakarta

JICA, JUTPI Investigation Report

JICA: The Study on Ithe ntegrated Transportation Master Plan
(SITRAMP) for JABODETABEK (Phase 2) Final Report

Trend of the Vehicle Registration Number

8
JICA, JUTPI Investigation ReportHousing issues in Indonesia (Supply of decent and affordable housing)
Housing supply for the increasing households is another issue in Indonesia.
The sharp rise in housing price / rent is prohibiting low- to middle-income households from acquiring
decent housings.
Trend of housing price index (2001=100)

220.00

Living environment index (2010)

JABODEBEK-BANTEN

200.00Urban area

15 Cities (Excluding
JABODEBEK)

180.00

Rural area

160.00Home ownership Floor area/person Drinking water is A toilet installed in Electric lighting israte
is no more than 9 drawn into housing each dwelling unit
installed.
m 2.
Source: 2010 Population Census (National Statistical Office)140.00120.00100.001Q 3Q 1Q 3Q 1Q 3Q 1Q 3Q 1Q 3Q 1Q 3Q 1Q 3Q 1Q 3Q 1Q
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Trend of slum resident population

2016 2017

Bank of Indonesia

Rate of change in housing price index
15.00%JABODEBEK-BANTEN
15 Cities (Excluding JABODEBEK)

10.00%CPI(2010=100)

5.00%

9

0.00%
2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Bank of Indonesia

UNDPHousing issues in Indonesia
Due to the serious shortage of housing supply, the national middle-term development plan was formulated
under the direction of President Joko, in which housing development and slum area development are
mentioned as key issues and are required to be addressed by the government as priority issues.

National middle-term development plan 2015-2019 (extracted)
HOUSING DEVELOPMENTTARGET・ Facilitate the provision of decent and affordable housing for 2.2 million households using the government
budget for reducing the residence shortage, especially in low- income communities.
・Encourage non-governmental and business community in the provision of proper housing for 2.2 million
households to tackle housing shortages.
・Improve the quality of the uninhabitable house for 1.5 million households, including handling of slum area.

SETTLEMENT AREA DEVELOPMENTTARGET・Achieve the alleviation of urban slums to 0% through handling slum area covering 38,431ha andimprovement of self-reliant communities in 7,683 villages
・Achieve drinking water service to 100% of Indonesian population
・Optimize the supply of drinking water and improve the efficiency of water service
・Increase the access to adequate sanitation to be 100 at the level of basic needs
・Increase the security and safety of buildings including environmental performance.

National Strategic Project： One Million Housing Program
Stage 1: Development of 603.516 houses for Low-Income Families
Stage 2: Development of 98.020 Units
Stage 3: Development of 173.803 Units

10

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

11

Urban development challenges: Japan’s experience（$/capita）

Steady growth period

Rapid economic growth period

Maturation periodSingapore(54,649)

Brunei(38,563)

Rapid urbanization
Commuter rush, traffic congestion
Environmental issues
Air pollution, waste problem,
water pollution
Sri Lanka(around 3,924)

South Korea(26,482)

 Declining birthrate andaging population
 Population decrease Disaster prevention /mitigation

Malaysia(10,514)

China
Thailand (6,270)(6,626)

Indonesia(3,475)
Myanmar(1,292）

Philippines(2,765)

Laos (1,589) Vietnam(1,868)

Cambodia(1,008)

0
1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

12

Japan's Experiences in Urban Development

Functional distribution in Tokyo Metropolitan Area
1950'sPost-war concentration of
population on central Tokyo

1960's-1970's
Relocation of factories,
universities, and new towns tosuburban areas.

1980's-90's
Realization of multi-core city
structure
The 3rd National Capital Region Development Plan (1976)
The 4th National Capital Region Development Plan (1986)

Three housing policies

Trends of the numbers of dwelling units and households, and vacancy rates- Establish the organization and system forhousing loans.
 Foundation of Housing Loan Corporation (1950) (present Japan
Housing Finance Agency)- Establish a legal system for development ofpublic rental housing Proclamation of the Publicly-operated Housing Act (1951)- Establishment of public corporations anddevelopment of public housing (new towns)
 Foundation of Japan Housing Corporation (1950) (present
Urban Renaissance Agency)

Image of rezoning

13

Japan's Experiences in Urban Development

Improvement of thequality of housing

Enhancement of public
transportation

Improvement of the peripheral / indoor environment of housing

Introduction of various transportation systems

Development of Brown Fields

Natural Resources Conservation

Redevelopment of harbor districts (ex. Harumi)

Introduction of resource recycling equipment (ex. Roppongi Hills)

14

Japan's Experiences in Urban Development
Maturation period

8.
Development of
Smart City
Smart city realization in Kashiwa-no-ha Campus City

10.
Revitalization of the
housing stock

9.
Promotion ofcompact + network city
Realization of compact city structure

residence
promotionzone

local public
transportation

planned rezoning
districturban function
promotion zone

Renovated housing stock

Landscaping by removing utility poles, decorating the pavements, etc.

11.
Landscape protection
15

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

16

Japanese Expressway: The History■ On July 15, 1963, the first expressway opened in Japan.
(Meishin Expressway, Amagasaki,Hyogo – Kyoto – Ritto,Shiga 71km)■ 1965 Completion of Meishin Expressway (190km)(Nagoya,Aichi – Osaka – Kobe,hyogo)

Photo: NEXCO-West17

National Expressway Network Development
1,000km in service （Sept, 1973）

3,000km in service （Mar, 1982）
Sapporo●Niigata

Osaka●

Fukuoka●●

Sendai

●

●

●

●

●

●

Tokyo

Nagoya8,000km in service （Mar, 2012）

5,000km in service （Dec, 1991）

●

●

●
●

●

Hiroshima

●
●

●

●

●
●

●

※ excluding the motorway of national highway

●

●
●

●

●

18

50000

9000

45000

8000

GDP per capita (current 2005 US$)

40000

7000

GDP per capita*1

35000

6000

30000
5000
25000
4000
20000

Total length of expressway*2

3000

15000

2000

10000

Total Length of expressways in operation (km)Change in the length of expressways and real GDP

1000

5000
0

0
1954

1964

1974

1984

1994

2004

Note:
*1: Current US$, data from the World Bank “World Development Indicators” at http://data.worldbank.org/country/japan*2: Data from MLIT “Annual Road Statistics 2015” at http://www.mlit.go.jp/road/ir/ir-data/tokei-nen/2015/nenpo02.html

2014

19

Current Expressway Network Plan (14,000km)<Background>• Addressing over-concentration to
Tokyo metropolitan area
• Pursuing regionally balanced
development• Facilitating inter-regional
communication

Osaka

Tokyo
NagoyaAs of Jan. 201520

The Shinkansen Network
Maximum Operation Speed: 320km/h
Total Length of Operation: 2,765km
Year of Inauguration: 1964

SapporoHokkaido Shinkansen
Mar.2016

Shin-Hakodate hokuto
Shin-Aomori

2010
Hachinohe

Hokuriku Shinkansen

2002

Sanyo Shinkansen

Morioka2015
Kanazawa
Hakata1975

Tsuruga

Niigata
Sendaii

Tohoku Shinkansen

1982

Nagano1982

1997
Nagoya 1964

Nagasaki

2004
KagoshimaChuo

2011

Kyushu Shinkansen

Shin-Osaka

Tokyo

Tokaido Shinkansen

JR Hokkaido
JR East
JR Central
JR West

JR Kyushu
Under Construction
Planned line

21

The impact of Shinkansen on regional development

Before(1997)

After(2012)22

Super-conducting Maglev System
Propulsion Coils

 Project Outline

Levitation and guidance coils

Constructor & Operator

JR Central

Planned RouteTokyo ～ Osaka

Mode of Maglev

Super-conducting Maglev System

Designed Speed(Max)505 km/hSuper
Conducting
Magnets

 Project Area
Guideway
Tokyo-Osaka

Tokyo- Nagoya

Length(km)

438

286

Journey time（minute）

67

40

Nagoya
Osaka

Tokyo

Experimental Trainat Test Track© JR central

23

Highway Network Development in Metropolitan Area
In 1963, a traffic network of 3 rings roads (Central Circular Route (C2), Tokyo Outer Ring Road,
and Metropolitan Inter-City Expressway) and 9 radials was planned as the basic structure ofroad traffic in the Metropolitan Area, but delay in development of ring roads has been causing
traffic congestion.
Three ring road projects are currently promoted to solve the traffic congestion in central Tokyo.

As of Oct. 31, 2015

The Network in 1990

The Impact of C2: Travel time reduction between Shinjuku and Haneda Airport
Travel time (min.)(Morning peak hour)

Additional time
for congestion(15min.)Standard
travel time
(25 min.)

Via C1 (Inner Circular)1990(Before C2 (Central Circular ))Reduction of additional time for congestion
contributed to the punctuality
Additional time
for congestion(5min.)
Standard
travel time
(27 min.)

Via C1(After C2)

Additional time
for congestion(1min.)
Standard
travel time
(19 min.)

Via C2(After C2)

24

Development of Railway Network in Tokyo Area
1950

2000
Railway

Railway
Total Length
(km)

1,478
(100)

Total Length
(km)

2,229
(151)

Passengers
Carried（million/year）

2,258
(100)

Passengers
Carried（million/year）

12,940(573)• Construction of New line
• Increase of Tracks• Introduction of Long train
set and Large body car

Tram

Subway(200km)(300km)25

Expanding urban railway network
Railway network in Tokyo has reached approx.2,500km.
900km have been added to Tokyo’s railway network
since 1950.
Km

26

Access to Urban Centers : Tokyo Yurikamome
AGT(Automated Guideway Transit) connects
Tokyo City Center and Tokyo Waterfront City

Tokyo Metropolitan
Tokyo Sta.
【Yurikamome】
 Start of Operation: Nov. 1995
 Operating Distance: 14.7km
 Line Name: Tokyo Waterfront New Transit
Waterfront Line
 Number of Stations: 16
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic:
Approx. 11,5000 (2014)27

IC Cards in public transportation
Over 90%
IC card use rate in Tokyo area

Beep!
Touch & Go
(0.2 sec.）
More than 2 IC cards per person（total issue: 320 million)

Just Softly Touch
the Gate

Accepted in 2.6million shops
including convenience stores and cafes
allover Japan
source：JR East, Felica Networks co. ltd.

28

Introduction of IC Cards by Railway Companies(as of the end of March 2013)

Domestic companies that introduced IC card
[78 companies]
Stations that accept IC card [about 5,000 stations]
Types of IC cards [25 types]
Total number of IC cards issued[about 87 million cards]
Kinki Region,
Okayama, Hiroshima, etc.

PASPY
▲Hiroshima
Electric Railway *from Jan. 2008
▲Hiroshima Rapid
Transit *from Aug. 2009

SKYRAIL PASS▲Sky Rail Service *from Jan. 2013

Kyushu Region
Nagasaki Smart
Card・Nagasaki
Electric Tramway
from Mar. 2008
・Matu-ura
Tetsudofrom Mar. 2011
Rapica・Kagoshima
City Transport
Bureaufrom Apr. 2005

Hareca(* Okayama
Electric
Tramway*)
from Oct. 2006

Randen Card(* Keifuku
Electric
Railroad)from Apr. 2011

ICOCA
○JR West Japan○JR Shikoku(excluding 4
companies *including
Hiroshima Electric
Railway)
from Nov. 2003

Hokkaido Region

Kitaca○JR Hokkaido
from Oct. 2008

Hokuriku
from Jun. 22, 2013

passca・Toyama Light
Rail Portramfrom Apr. 2006
Interchangeable

PiTaPa○14 companies* including Keifuku
Electric Railway* Including
Shizuoka Railway(excluding Kobe
Rapid Transit
Railway)△ 6 companies*including
Okayama ElectricTramway
from Aug. 2004

ecomycaSuica・Tomiyama
ChihouTetsudou○ JR East Japan○ 3 othercompanies
from Nov. 2001
(Monorail Suica)○Tokyo Monorailfrom Apr. 2002
(Rinkai Suica)○Tokyo Waterfront
Area Rapid Transit
from Dec. 2002

from Mar. 2010

ICa

PASMO

・Hikuriku
Railroadfrom Mar.
2005

○ 22
companies△4companies
from Mar.
2007

nimocaMetropolitan area, Sendai, Niigata, etc.

○NishiNippon
Railroadfrom May
2008

TTOICA

Hayakaken○Fukuoka City
Transportation
Bureaufrom Mar. 2009

IC E Card・Iyo Railway
from Aug. 2005

SUGOCA○JR Kyushu
from Mar.
2009

SAPICA●Sapporo City
Traffic Bureau
from Jan. 2009

Shikoku

IruCa・Takamatsu
Kotohira Electric
Railroadfrom Feb. 2005

Deska
・Tosa Electric
Railroadfrom Jan.
2009

manaca○3
companies△2
companies
from Feb.
2011○JR Tokaifrom Nov.
2006

Nice Pass
・Enshu Railway
from Aug. 2004

LuLuca(* Shizuoka
Railway)
from Mar.
2006

Chubu Region

Note: Prepared by each company's press material, etc.

29

Access to Tokyo International (Haneda) Airport : Tokyo MonorailTokyo Sta.

Monorail connects Haneda Airport
And Tokyo City CenterTokyo Metropolitan

Hamamatsucho【Tokyo Monorail】
 Start of Operation: Sep 1964
 Operating Distance: 17.8km
 Line Name: Tokyo Monorail Haneda Airport Line
 Number of Stations: 11
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic: Approx. 125,000

Haneda Airport
Terminal 230

Airport Access (New Tokyo International (Narita) Airport)
Railway access to Narita Airport has been gradually developed since the opening of the airport in 1978: thedirect access to the terminal building by JR / Keisei in 1991, the opening of Terminal 2 Station in 1992, andthe opening of Narita Sky Access in 2010.
<Location map of the center of Tokyo and Narita Airport>
Extended in 2010

Narita Sky Access (Narita
Airport Line)

Nippori Sta

Ueno Sta

Narita Airport

36 minutes between
Nippori and Narita Airport(the fastest train)

Enlarged view of Narita Airport area
Keisei Main Line
JR LineTokyo Sta

Narita Sky Access

Keisei Main Line

Narita Airport 2nd
Terminal Building

JR line5km(former) Keisei Main Line route

History of the development of railway access to Narita Airport

1978

Opening of Keisei Narita Airport Station (present Higashi Narita
Station)

1991

Opening of (present) Narita Airport Station directly under theterminal.
Opening of JR Line (Start of the operation of Narita Express)

1992

Opening of the Airport Terminal 2 Station

2010

Opening of Narita Sky Access(Travel time to Tokyo City Center was reduced by 15 minutes to
36 minutes)
Source: Website of Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (Topographic map)

Airport 2nd
Building Sta(former) Narita Airport Sta
Bus service
between (former)
Narita Airport Stn
and Airport
Terminal Building

Narita Airport Sta
Narita Airport 1st
Terminal Building

31

New Railway Projects to Improve Airport Access
New railway projects to improve the access between airports and the metropolitan area areunder consideration.
<JR East Japan's plan for
Haneda Airport access line><The plan for New Airport Line (Kama-Kama Kine)>

West Yamanote route
East Yamanote route
Hamamatsucho
Yamanote Line
Saikyo Line

Tamachi

Oshio Line

Shibuya

ShinagawaTokyo Teleport

Bay area route
Osaki

HanedaAirportInternational
Terminal

Shinagawa Seaside

HanedaAirportDomestic
Terminal

Source: Materialof Ota-ku

Oimachi<The plan for the Central Tokyo Direct Line>
Tokyo MonorailTokyo Freight Terminal

Keikyuukamata

NaritaNew Rapid Railway
成田新高速鉄道

Keisei
Main Line
京成本線
Sobu
Line
総武本線

SengakujiStn
泉岳寺駅
Haneda Airport
New Station

Haneda Airport
Domestic Terminal
Haneda Airport
International Terminal

成田空港駅

Oshiage
押上駅 Stn

New Tokyo
Stn
新東京駅

Haneda Airport 2nd
Building[Legends]
Existing line (JR)Existing line (Private
railway)
New line
Multiplication of track

Narita総武線（成田エクスプレス
Sobu
Line (Narita Express:
NaritaAirport - Tokyo,
53 min. on average) Airport Stn
成田空港～東京
平均５３分）

NipporiStn
日暮里駅
Tokaido Freight Line

KamataKeisei
Main Line (Narita Sky Access:
京成本線（成田スカイアクセス
成田空港～
NaritaAirport - Nippori- Tokyo, 55 min. on average)
日暮里～東京平均５５分）

Haneda Airport 1st
Haneda Airport
Building
International
Source: Material of
Building
JR East Japan

Hamamatsucho 東京地下鉄東西線
Tokyo Subway Tozai Line
浜松町駅
Stn

品川駅
Shinagawa
Stn
Keikyu Main
Line
京急本線

東京モノレール
Tokyo Monorail(Haneda Airport - Hamamatsucho- Tokyo, 27 min. on average)（羽田空港～浜松町～東京
平均２７分）

Haneda Airport Station
羽田空港駅
Keikyu Kuko Line (Haneda Airport 京急空港線 - Tokyo, 36 min. on
Shinagawa（羽田空港～品川～東京 平均３６分）
average)

At present, 107 minutes even at「羽田空港～成田空港」
fastest between "Haneda Airport and間は現行最速でも107分
Narita Airport."

32

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

33

Enhancement of public transportation and New Town Development－ Induction of new town development in Tokyo Metropolitan Area －To meet the housing demand for growing urban population, large-scale suburban new town
development projects were conducted in conjunction with urban railway development, suchas Tama NT, Tama Garden City, Chiba NT, Kohoku NT, Kaihin NT, and Kashiwa no Ha.
(Transit Oriented Urban Development)
Kashiwa no ha
Chiba NTTama NTTama Garden City

Kaihin NT
Kohoku NT34

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) in Suburbs: Tama New Town
 A large scale urban development by public entities (incl. Urban Renaissance, Tokyo Metropolitan government).
 Direct connection to central Tokyo by the extension of two private railway lines
 Connection to Tachikawa City by newly constructed Tama Monorail

Development of Tama New Town
Urban railway

Location map Tachikawa City

Monorail

20km

40km

Tokyo City Center

Toll expressway

Railway
Monorail

Project concept

Prefectural Boundary

Source: City and Transportation,
Vol. No. 65(Japan Transportation
Planning Association)

Source: Materials submitted by UR

Residential area

Greenbelt and parks

Educational facilities

Commercial facilities

City plan decided: 1965
Moving-in started in : 1971
Planned area
: 2,892ha
Projected population: 340,000

35

TOD in Suburbs: Tsukuba Express
Urban development along the developmentof urban railway line

IbarakiPrefecture
Ibaraki South Rural
Environment Area

Tsukuba

Higashi-Katsushika North
Green Environment Area

【Metropolitan Intercity
Railway Company】
 Start of Operation: Aug. 2005
 Operating Distance: 58.3km
 Line Name: Joban New Line
(Tsukuba Express)
 Number of Stations: 20
 Average Daily Passenger Traffic
Approximately 320,000[Urban Development along Railway]
Start of Project: 1993
Planned area
: 3,000ha
Projected population: 250,000

Saitama Southeast Water
Culture Industrial Area

Chiba Prefecture
Tokyo Central - Old Town Area

Akihabara

Tokyo Metropolitan

36

TOD in City Center: Shinjuku Station• Developed pedestrian square, bus terminal, taxi stand, the commercial and officebuildings on artificial foundation(1.47ha ) over rail tracks• Integrated development of station facilities and public facilities (collaboration of
public and private sectors)
Miraina Tower

Miraina Tower
Opening of BusinessTotal Floor Area
Height: May.2016: 13.6ha: 168m32F

OfficeExpress Bus Terminal
Opening of Business
Number of Bus

Height:approx.
170 m: Apr.2016: 1625 /day

JR Shinjuku Miraina Tower

Cultural facility
ShinjukuSouthern
Terrace

OutdoorSquare6F
5F

4F : Bus Terminal
3F : Taxi Stand
2F : Pedestrian Square
1F : Rail Track[Sectional view] (A-A')

7F

ClinicOfficeLobby

Commerce

Parking

Drive way

B1F
B2F

5F
4F
3F
2F
M2F
1F
East
passage37

TOD in City Center (New Toranomon Station (projected)) A redevelopment project to building a super high-rise
tower, using the space above the underpassing newroad.
 Creating a comfortable underground station squarein conjunction with the new subway station, utilizing
existing underground passages and private land.
Ginza Line

Tokyo Waterfront
City (BRT)

Development concept

Bus terminal

Hibiya Line

Develop a bus terminal and a connecting
new subway station.
Ginza Line Toranomon Station

Aboveground stationsquare (newconstruction)
Approx. 800 m2
Barrier-freeEVConstruct a new underground passage.

Aboveground stationsquare (newconstruction)
Approx. 600 m2

Development of a underground station square

New subway station
New road construction

Toranomon Hills

38

Utilization of Bus Rapid Transit in Tokyo Further enhance the convenience of public transportation aiming to create the world-levelbusiness / residential area and invite international investment and human resources.
 To this end, develop a convenient and easy-to-use transit terminal and introduce BRT (Bus
Rapid Transit), a rapid transit system with high punctuality and rapidity
Development of operatingareas, bus stops, etc.

Toranomon area

Designated emergency development
area for city revitalization

国道1号

Image of Toranomon
Bus Terminal

Image of New Toranomon
Station on the subway
Hibiya Line

Tokyo Waterfront
City (BRT)Bus terminal

BRT operation route connecting
between central Tokyo andWaterfront Subcenter
Trunk line route (Toranomon / Tokyo Station Kokusai-tenjijou Station / Tokyo Teleport Station)
Kachidoki route (Shinbashi Station - Kachidoki)
Olympic Village route (Toranomon / Shinbashi Station - Olympic Village)

Harumi / Toyosu route (Toranomon / Shinbashi
Station - Toyosu Station)
Route under consideration

Bus stop

Operation area

 Introduction of new technologies- Technology for enhancing positional alignment (automatic
travel (positional alignment) control)- Upgrading of PTPS (Public Transportation Priority System)

Develop a bus terminal andconnecting new subway station

Develop operation area of BRT,
bus stops, etc.
39

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

40

Urban redevelopment project (Hikifune Station area, Sumida, Tokyo)•

A development project aiming at Disaster prevention and sound and optimal land use in thedensely built-up areas. The objectives of project include: Improvement of the disaster preparedness in the area concentrated with old wooden housings.
 Securing open space by intensive land use
 Supplying highly convenient urban housing, taking advantage of the location near the station.

Before Redevelopment

27 41

Urban redevelopment project (Roppongi 6-chome area) One of the largest-scale redevelopment project by the private sector using 11ha of land, involving 374
landowners, costing 290 billion yen (= 2.9 billion USD).
 Large-scale reorganization of unutilized or underutilized land and adjunct areas where wooden housing isconcentrated.
 Created a new urban center directly connected to Roppongi Subway Station (Hibiya Line) by developing thecomplex of various functions including residence, business, commerce, media, hotel, and art and culture.
Before Development

After Development

Photo: Mori Building

42Redevelopment of Tokyo Station Area (Intensive land use through transfer of FAR)
 In the preservation and restoration of Tokyo Station Building, Marunouchi area realized intensive land
use through bonus FAR rate transferred from station area.
 At the same time, Gyoko Street has been redeveloped to create a dignified space suitable for thegate of the capital city, Tokyo.
New Marunouchi Building
Exceptional FAR: 1,665%(Before: 1,300%)

Marunouchi Park Building
Exceptional FAR: 1,430%(Before: 1,300%)

JP Tower(Tentative name) JP Tower
Exceptional FAR: 1,520%(Before: 1,300%)

Tokyo Building
Exceptional FAR: 1,266%(Before: 1,000%)

Marunouchi Building

Gran Tokyo North Tower
Exceptional FAR: 1,304%(Before: 900%)

Gran Tokyo South Tower
Exceptional FAR: 1,304%(Before: 900%)

Exceptional FAR application area

Preservation / restoration of theTokyo Station Red Brick Building
To the Imperial Palace

Tokyo Station

To Tokyo Station

Gyoko Street after redevelopment

43

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

44

Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart city
Next-generation town
incorporating various elements• A comfortable and sustainable city wherewith IT and other technologies are used
to solve various challenges in the city,such as traffic, energy, health, andcommunity development.
• Other technologies are also introduced
such as energy storage systems for
emergency response and resource
recycling systems.

Energy saving• Reducing energy use in a building /block level through both passive andactive energy control.
• Utilize renewable energy, such as solar
and wind power.

Symbiosis with nature

Smart city
Energy saving•

Creating urban space harmonized withwater and greenery

Safety and security
Resource recycling
Symbiosis with nature
Town management

Safety and security• Develop a disaster-resistant town /local community.
• Secure emergency generators,
warehouses, evacuation area

Resource recycling• Storing/ utilizing rainwater.
• Recycling treated wastewater(middlewater) for plants watering,
etc.

45

Example of Smart city (Kashiwanoha, Chiba) Energy management at district level through integration of "energy generation", "energy saving", and"energy storage." Optimizing the energy use at district level through AEMS (Automated Equipment Monitoring System) and
HEMS / BEMS for individual housing units / buildings.
The University of Tokyo
Kashiwa Campus
Prefectural
Kashiwanoha Park

Chiba University
Kashiwanoha Campus

Station Front Block148 (underconstruction)

Park City Kashiwanoha Campus
Second Avenue (underconstruction)

Commercial
facilities

OfficeHotel

Condominiums

Building energy
management
systemBuilding energy
management
systemBuilding energy
management
systemKashiwanoha
HEMS

Lalaport
Kashiwanoha

Kashiwanoha Smart Center
Kashiwanoha AEMS

Kashiwanoha
Campus Station

Image of HEMS tablet
terminal screen

Image of Smart Center

Park City Kashiwanoha
Campus First Avenue

Solargeneration

Emergency
generator

Powergenerationequipment* Source: Mitsui Fudosan website

Solargeneration

Storagebattery

Electric
VehiclesPowerinterchangesystemElectric
storageequipment

Emergency
generator

Electric
Vehiclles

46

Example of Smart city (Futako Tamagawa Rise, Tokyo)Transit Oriented Development centering on the intersection of two railway lines
Large scale development (11 ha) of commercial, office, residential complex on unutilized land
Designed to serve as a regional hub for bus network with the development of station square.
Realized eco-friendly town through efficient energy use in infrastructure and buildings, utilization of rich natural environment along the river.
(Awarded world’s first LEED* Gold in the "Town Planning Section" in 2015)*LEED: Environmental performance assessment index under the control of the U.S. Green Building Council aiming at the dissemination ofsustainable buildings.

Shinjuku
Station

Tama
River

Tokyo
StationHotel

Housing

Housing

OfficeFutako Tamagawa
StationShibuyaStationCommerce

HousingTraffic
SquareFutako Tamagawa
Park

Futako Tamagawa
Station↓Development of environment where people live in harmony with nature-abundantenvironment of Tama River, etc.

Oimachi
Station↑Location map ↓Station SquarePedestrian space

Tama
River
Housing

FutakoTamagawa
Park

Housing

HousingHotel

Traffic
SquareSource: Website of Futako Tamagawa Rise (https://www.rise.sc/)

FutakoTamagawa
Station

47

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

48

Experiences of Japan's Housing Policies -1950's: Founding period●Establishment of the three pillars of housing policies
Housing Loan Corporation(established in 1950)

51CN type

Promotion of the purchasing andconstruction of housings through longterm, low-interest loans.

Publicly-operated housing(legislated in 1951)
Providing affordable rental housing to lowincome households in short of housing

Japan Housing Corporation(established in 1955)
Develop residential land and collectively
construct housing mainly in metropolitan areas.
→ Reorganized to "Housing and Urban Development
Corporation" in 1981,

Example of public housing (2DK type)"Urban Development Corporation" in 1999, andIndependent Administrative Institution "Urban RenaissanceAgency" in 2004.

49

Housing Loan System of Japan (1) Loan Scheme of Housing Loan Corporation (until 2007)
1. Housing Loan Corporation (GHLC) directly provided housing loans to individuals at a long-term, fixed interest rate using
funding from the Ministry of Finance (fiscal investment and loan).
2. The interest rate of GHLC loan was kept low with government subsidy.
3. GHLC also provided short-term funds to private-sector constructors that sells housing to individuals.
4. GHLC directly provided loans to individuals who purchase housing.

Repayment

Repayment

Ministry of Finance(General accounting)Private-sector
constructor
3. Financing(short term)

4. Construction /salesHigh quality
housing
4. Purchase
5. Financing(long term)

Individuals

2. Subsidy
Housing Loan
Corporation(present Japan
Housing FinanceAgency)1. Financing

Ministry of Finance(Fiscal investment andloan)

Deposit (duty)
Tax
Postal savings
Deposit(voluntary)
General public

Repayment* From 1950 to 2007 (as shown in the Figure)- Housing Loan Corporation provided housing loans directly to individuals at a long-term fixed interest rate.
- As funds for housing loans, funds collected by the Ministry of Finance from postal savings (deposits from citizens), etc. were used.
This scheme shifted as follows in 2007 in accordance with the development of the financial market.
- Private financial institutions provide housing loans (Japan Housing Finance Agency no longer directly provides loans).
- Japan Housing Finance Agency purchases housing loans from private financial institutions, securitizes them to mortgage-backed securities (MBS), and sells MBS in
the financial market.
(Private financial institutions procure funding from the capital market through securitization of mortgage debts by Japan Housing Finance Agency)

50

Housing starts and GHLC’s share
Housing construction starts with GHLC loan and its share [1950-2007](Million Units)64.1 mil.
30.3%

19.4 mil.

(Fiscal Year)51

Housing Loan System of Japan (2) Check on Conformity to the Technical Standards by Technical Review
General flow of the technical review on housing loans by GHLC
(for newly-constructed single-family houses)

Apply for housing loan

Design review
Check the conformity of the construction works described in the application documents
to the technical standards of GHLC by checking the drawings and specifications(plan view, elevational view, specifications, etc.).

Construction Start
On-site review (when roofing work is completed) *In principle, when roofing work is completed, technical staff visit the construction site tocheck whether the construction work described in the application conforms to thetechnical standards of GHLC.

Notification of the on-site review results

Receipt of loan
* On-site review upon completion of construction work has been added since October 2001.

52

1960's: Stipulation of Housing Construction Plan by law and massive supply of public housing
1955: Housing Construction 10-Year Program "Solution of the shortage of 2.72 million
housing units, supply of 250,000 housing units every year"

1957: New Housing Construction 5-Year
Program1964: Housing Construction 7-Year
ProgramEstablishment of the Housing Construction
Planning Act (1966)

1st Term Housing Construction 5-Year
Program(1966-1970)"Realization of one housing unit for one
household”
Supplied 2.6 million public housing units
during the term.

Soka Matsubara Danchi (housing complex)

53

1970's: The Shift from Quantity to Quality
Total number of housing units exceeds total number of households in Japan (1968).
Total number of housing units exceeds total number of households in all the prefectures (1973).
2nd Term Housing Construction 5-Year Program (1971-1975)- 9 tatami mats (16.4m2) for small households andmore than 12 tatami mats (21.9m2) for generalhouseholds (depending on the size of households).
- construct "a housing unit with one room for every
person."

3rd Term Housing Construction 5-Year Program(1976-1980)

Tama New Town
(Move-in started in 1971)

Minimum housing
standard- Housing standard for all the public to be secured- Halve the households living under the standard by 1980.

Average housing
standard- Housing standard for average household to be secured- Aim to ensure that average household secures the standard by 1985.

54

The Shift from Quantity to Quality: Basic Act for Housing (2006.6.8)
Background

Housing Construction 5-Year Program(formulated 8 times since 1966; 8th program ended in 2005)
Targets were set for numbers of houses to be constructed by public organizations,the Housing Loan Corporation and the Japan Housing Corporation, every five years.

Drastic changes in socioeconomic conditions
Shift from
Quantity to
Quality● Sufficient stock of houses● Declining birthrate, decreasing population andnumber of households

Shift to a new housing policy● Provision of safe, secured and high-quality
housing stock and living environment● Establishment of a desirable housing market
environment● Establishment of housing safety nets forpeople having difficulty to secure a house
55

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

56

Urban Development schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges (Land readjustment)<Reference>57

Urban Development schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges (Land readjustment)<Reference>

Urban Sprawl

Area-wide Development(Land Readjustment Projects, etc.)

Linear or Point Development(Road, Park Projects, etc.)58

Urban Development schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges (Urban Redevelopment )<Reference>
Mechanism of the project Create a site for public facilities through co-ownership and intensive use of land.
 The rights of landowners are converted into floor area of the redeveloped building at equivalentvalue (Right Floor).
 The floors newly produced by intensive use (Reserved Floor) are sold to finance the project
cost.

Reserved
保留床floor area
(Mr.
X)
（Ｘさん）

Ａさんの建物Mr.
A's buildingMr.
B's building
Ｂさんの建物Mr.
C's building
Ｃさんの建物

Floor
area of right
権利床(Mr.(Ａ,Ｂ,Ｃさん
A, Mr. B, and )Mr. C)

Ａさんの土地Mr.
A's land
Mr.Ｂさんの土地
B's land
Mr.Ｃさんの土地
C's land

Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，ＸさんのCo-ownedby Mr. A, Mr. B, Mr. C
andの共有Mr. X
公共施設
Publicfacilities

59

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese
government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation
60

Promotion of Overseas Deployment of Infrastructure Systems
In March 2013, under the prime minister's direction, “Ministerial Meeting on Strategy relating
Infrastructure Export and Economic Cooperation” (chaired by the Chief Cabinet Secretary) was
launched to discuss infrastructure export, economic cooperation, etc. comprehensively.
In the ministerial meeting on May 2013, "Infrastructure system export strategy" was decided. The
strategy set up the target to receive orders for infrastructure development totaling 30 trillion yen in2020 (10 trillion yen for 2010). Centered on the following five pillars, specific measures arepromoted.
(1) Promote public-private partnership to strengthen the global competitiveness ofenterprises.
- Effective use of policy support tools- Support for area-wide / broad-based activities- Consistent support from upstream to downstream- Promotion of various and powerful top sales and strategic PR- Strengthening of the public-private partnership system, etc.
(2) Foster the development of enterprises, local governments, and human resources whoare expected to lead overseas deployment of infrastructure.
(3) Acquisition of international standards using advanced technologies, knowledge, etc.
(4) Support for entry into the untapped infrastructure sectors(5) Promotion of securing a stable and affordable supply of energy and mineral resourcesfrom overseas

61

Japan’s support for area-wide /broad-based development
Strategic development of various support tools for economic cooperation

Support for
M/P and F/S
projects

Utilization oftechnical
cooperationand grant aids

 Support the formulation of acomprehensive master planand the development o f legal
systems necessary for thedevelopment of the target
country.
 Support F/S.for large-scale
infrastructure projects, etc.

Utilization of
ODA loans Speed up the procedure of
ODA loans Introduce ODA loans to be
repaid with foreign currency

 ODA loans for subsovereigns
 Introduce US dollardenominated ODA loans,
etc.

Strengthening
the support ofpublic finance Expand the target ofoverseas investment andfinancing Strengthen JBIC
functions Expand the international
trade-insurance system
 Establishment of JOIN
and JICT, etc.

62

Japan’s support for area-wide/ broad-based development

Transportation (incl. High-Speed/ urban railways)
and Transit Oriented Development

Basic infrastructure development and urban
development[India] Mumbai-Ahmedabad HSR & Urban railway[Myanmar] Thilawa SEZ Development(including Thilawa Port)High Speed Railway project connecting Mumbai and
Ahmedabad (about 500 km, almost equal to the distance
between Tokyo and Osaka) about a 2-hour journey. Total
project cost is about 1.8 trillion yen (according to themedia report). Of the seven routes of the rapid transit
railway plan, this route was first considered.
India also has a large number of construction plans forurban railway (metro etc.). Japan supported metro
construction projects in Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, etc.
through ODA (yen loan, technical cooperation).



Newly developed special economic zone
(about 24 km2) in Thilawa, about 20km southof central Yangon. A Japan-Myanmar joint
venture developed the zone and Japan's ODA
supported the development of peripheral
infrastructure.

Development of New State Capital and basic infrastructure【India】 Andhra Pradesh New State Capital Development
AP State requested the development of master planfor 2 blocs (sport city and electric city) in the newcapital region comprising of 9 blocs (217ｋｍ２）

Nacala Port
Industrial development and development/operation ofoceanfront areas including port of shipment

Regional Development in the former US Military Base

[Mozambique] Nacala Corridor Development【The Philippines】 Clark Air Base RedevelopmentProject for redeveloping former US air base into
investment promotion zone.
Project area (9,450ha) is located in the Clark SEZ,
which provides various tax incentives.
JOIN supported the development of the master plan
through local consulting firm co-funded with Base
Conversion and Development Authority

In Nacala Corridor, development of distribution infrastructure is under way
to support coal development and agricultural development in inland areas.
Japan is supporting the functional strengthening of container terminals,
including Nacala Port, which is the entrance of Nacala Corridor, with a yen
loan, grant aid, and technical cooperation.
Japanese companies have determined to invest and participate in thedevelopment / operation projects for Nacala Railroad and Coal Terminal,
which are under development by railway and port-operating companies.

63

Japan Overseas Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development (JOIN)
Japan Overseas Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development (JOIN) provides
assistance in the form of investment, hands-on support to local entities that undertake projects for overseas
transport infrastructure and urban development, together with Japanese entities, utilizing knowledge,
technologies, and experiences accumulated in Japan.

《Background of foundation》
◯
◯
◯

◯

There is a huge worldwide demand (including emerging economies) for
infrastructure projects.
Number of projects that utilize the private sectors are increasing,expecting their funds and know-how.
It is difficult for private sectors to enter into transport / urban
development projects by themselves due to factors such as timeconsuming development, demand risk in the operation stage, andinfluence of the local government.
Incorporation of infrastructure system export strategy into thegovernmental policies.

[Policy Initiatives]- Infrastructure system export strategy (2013.5.17)- Prime Minister Abe's speech on infrastructure system (2014.1.24)- High quality infrastructure partnership (2015.5.21)- Follow-up measures for high quality infrastructure partnership (2015.11.21)- Initiative to expand the export of high-quality infrastructure (2016.5.23)- "Japan Restoration Strategy" revised in 2016 (2016.6.2)《Main operations》◯ Investment (joint investment with private sectors)◯ Hands-on support (dispatch of managers and engineers, etc.)◯ Negotiation with the target country《Eligible projects》◯ Transportation projects
・ Passenger / cargo transport projects by railway / vessel / airplane
・ Operation & maintenance of railways, roads, ports, airports, etc.

◯ Urban development projects
・ Construction of buildings including housing, hotels, and offices.
・ Operation and maintenance of parks and sewerage, etc.

◯ Projects that support the abovementioned projects《Objectives》◯◯◯

Take in growth of the global market through entry into overseas markets.
Expand opportunities for infrastructure-related industries to obtain orders
by participation in project operations.
Improve the overseas business environment of Japanese enterprises byinfrastructure improvement.

Contribute to the sustainable growth of Japanese
economy.

Reference: JOIN’s approved projects(i) Vietnam Thivai Port Terminal Development / Operation Project (approved by the Minister in Oct. 2015)(ii) USA Texas Rapid Transit Railway Project (approved by the Minister in Nov. 2015)(iii) Brazil Urban Railway Development / Operation Project (approved by the Minister in Dec. 2015)(iv) Myanmar Yangon Complex City Development Project (approved by the Minister in July 2016)(v) Indonesia Jakarta Suburban Complex City Development Project (approved by the Minister in October 2016)(vi) Indonesia Freezing/Refrigerating Warehouse Development/Operation Project (approved by the Minister in January 2017)(vii) Indonesia Jakarta Garden City Central Area Urban Development Project (approved by the Minister in May 2017)(viii) Indonesia Jakarta Southeast Urban Development Project (approved by the Minister in July 2017)(iv) Myanmar: Redevelopment of Defense Service Museum Site in Yangon (approved by the Minister in July 2017)

64

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation

65

Japan’s cooperation in the urban transport field in Indonesia
 The population and GRP (gross regional product) in JABODETABEK are increasing due to the recent steadyeconomic growth in Indonesia.
 Registration of motorbikes and motorcars have increased by 4.6 times and 2 times respectively from 2000 to 2010.
On the other hand, little progress has been made in the modal shift to public transportation. The percentage of bus
commuters declined from 50.1% to 16.1% from 2002 to 2010.
 To cope with this situation, JICA is supporting MRT (Mass Rapid Transit) project through ODA loan. In order toemerge from the over dependence on road traffic, it is required to advance urban development based on the public
transportation system, including MRT.
 To this end, JICA is providing technical assistance to promote interactions and integration of regions and modal
systems through improvement of urban transportation system and for the capacity building for Transit Oriented
Development (TOD) harmonized with MRT.

JABODETABEK Urban Transportation Policy Integration Project
In order to comprehensively improve Jakarta‘s urban transport situation, a JICA expert
team was dispatched in 2009 and is implementing the JABODETABEK Urban
Transportation Policy Integration project.
The project entered into Phase 2 in 2014 and is implementing the following activities:
1.

Formation of government-wide and region-wide framework to implement
comprehensive urban transportation policy.

2.

Support for implementation of pilot projects in JABODETABEK and capacity
building of agencies related to urban transportation through the implementation of
the projects.

3.

Capacity building of agencies related to urban transportation for implementing
TOD projects in JABODETABEK.

Dukuh Atas Station Area
Development Plan
* JICA PPP Study Report

66
Urban transportation seminarJakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Project■ JICA is supporting the Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) project through ODA loan.
■ The project is targeting at the construction of an urban railway connecting central Jakarta
and southwestern urban area.
Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Project

Elevated
sectionPhase 1

UndergroundsectionPhase 2MRT East-West Line(planned line)[MRT North-South Line (Phase 1)]Section: Lebak Bulus - Bundaran HI
Line length: 15.7 km
Project owner: PT Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta (Jakarta
MRT)
Opening time: 2019 (planned)
Contract made: May-October 2013
 Package 1/2 (Elevated line) = Tokyu Construction,
WIKA
Cost: about 22.5 billion yen
Contract date: Oct. 2013
 Package 3 (Elevated line) = OBAYASHI, SHIMIZU,
JAYA
Cost: 10 billion yen
Contract made: Oct. 2013
 Package 4/5 (Underground line)= SHIMIZU, OBAYASHI,
WIKA, JAYA
Cost: about 19.4 billion yen
Contract date: June 2013
 Package 6 (Underground line) = Sumitomo Mitsui
Construction, HK
Cost: about 15.6 billion yen
Contract date: June 2013
* Construction supervision consultant = Oriental Consultants
Global JV

 Package 7 (Systems)=

Mitsui, Toyo Engineering,
Kobe SteelCost: about 25 billion yen
Contract date: April 2015
 Package 8 (train cars) = Sumitomo, Nippon Sharyo
Cost: about 13 billion yen
Contract date: Mar. 201567

Japan’s cooperation in the Housing and Building Fields in Indonesia■ Since the 1970's, Japanese government has provided technical cooperation and financial assistances
through the dispatch of experts and the acceptance of trainees in such fields as housing supply for lowincome households and improvement of the earthquake resistance of buildings.
■ From 2007 to 2014, the “Project on Building Administration and Enforcement Capacity Development for
Seismic Resilience” (phase 1 and phase 2) was implemented to improve the earthquake resistance ofbuildings.
■ Since 2013, high-level talks has been held in the field of housing and building, including earthquake
resistance of buildings, in the Japan-Indonesia Construction Vice-Ministerial Meeting.
■ In December 2016, the Memorandum of Cooperation on Infrastructure Development between two
ministers was revised and "Housing supply and Housing finance" was added.

[Recent activities]
 Feb. 2017: The 4th the Japan-Indonesia Construction Vice-Ministerial
Meeting was held in Jakarta. An exchange of information on
housing supply, housing loans, and building disasterprevention was held in the housing / construction WG,.
 July:A Memorandum of Cooperation was concluded between theJapan Housing Finance Agency and the Indonesian SMF(Government owned housing-loan securitization authority)
 August:
A workshop was held on earthquake-resistant building in
Bandung.
 November: Exchange of opinions related to the housing / construction
fields is also planned for the 5th Vice-Ministerial Meeting.

Conclusion of the revised Memorandum

68
Conclusion of the memorandum
concerning housing loans

Japan’s cooperation in the construction industry field in Indonesia
Development of business environment Japan-Indonesia Construction Conference
Held 9 times in the past. In the 5th Conference in, 2009, MLIT
and the Indonesian Ministry of Public Works agreed onstrengthening the relationship between both countries, and to
hold the Conference regularly, etc. The 10th Conference is to beheld this autumn.

Creation of business opportunity

 Support of overseas advancement ofconstruction SMEs
・ The Japan Association of Small and Medium-sizedenterprises for Overseas Construction (JASMOC) wasestablished as a platform for supporting overseas
advancement of construction SMEs.
・ In order to support overseas advancement of Japan's SMEs
with unique technology and know-hows, JASMOC assists
them in selling their technologies, building relations withlocal personnel, etc. through holding "overseas
advancement strategy seminars" focused on Indonesia,
dispatching missions, etc.

Marketresearch
The 9th Japan-Indonesia
Construction Conference Training program in cooperation with the College of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(began in May, 2017)Market research

Hold seminars(June and July, 2017)

In order to improve the business environment in ASEAN
nations, the "Construction Industry Policy Program,“ formanager level of ASEAN governments will be held thisSeptember. The program consists of lectures on Japaneseconstruction policies and visits to major project sites.

Overseas advancement
strategy seminar

Dispatch of
missions(planned for the end of
October, 2017)69
Dispatch of a mission

<JOIN Projects in Indonesia> BSD Complex City Development• A project for development of detached houses and a shopping center in the suburbs of Jakarta, 25 km awayfrom central Jakarta, financed by Mitsubishi Corporation, Nishi-Nippon Railroad, Hanshin Electric Railway,
Keikyu, JOIN, and BSD (a subsidiary of Sinar Mas Land).
• In cooperation with Sinar Mas Land Japanese enterprises took the initiative from the zoning stage to realize
area development and next-generation community development in the Japanese style.
• JOIN's first project in the urban development field in Indonesia.
Project image

Tanjungpriok
HarborInternational
airportJakartacentral areab) Detachedhousing

approx. 25 kmc)Condominiums
or detachedhousing

approx. 19
haSinar Mas BSD area
Planned site

Kindergarten

JOIN

Mitsubishi
三菱商事
Corp.

Nishi-Nippon

西日本鉄道
Railroad

Hanshin Electric
阪神電気鉄道Railway

Keikyu
京浜急行電鉄BSD
BSD
社

Convention Center
Interchange(Planned toopen in 2017)

J-SPC

Sinar Mas Land
head office
Aeon Mall
Existing
interchange

Serpong
StationLocal project entity
現地プロジェクト会社

Project Structure70

<JOIN Projects in Indonesia> Jakarta Garden City Urban Development• Urban development project to develop and operate commercial facilities, parking lot, bus poolused for public transportation, etc. in Jakarta Garden City (JGC: about 20km east Jakarta),
invested by Aeon Mall Indonesia and JOIN.
• Promote the development of residential, commercial, educational, medical facilities through thedevelopment of a shopping mall.
• The project aims at strengthening the community's disaster preparedness by developing
facilities that serve as bases of disaster response, as well as promoting TOD through thedevelopment of the bus pool.
Aeon Mall BSD CITY

Central Jakarta

approx.
20km

Plannedparticipation
by IKEA

Toyota Home has
expressed interest in
developing about 100
detached houses.

Project site

Planned site

Constructor is
Takenaka
Corporation.
Construction of
MAYAPADA
Hospital has been
decided.

ＪＯＩＮ

Aeon Mall

Aeon Mall Indonesia
Interchange with theexpressway

JGC project
Project scheme

CakungStation71

<JOIN Projects in Indonesia> Southeast Urban Development Project• Urban development project to construct, sell and operate complexes of condominiums,
shopping malls, offices, and a hotel in the south of Jakarta, invested by Daiwa House Industry,
JOIN and Indonesia's TRIVO Group.
• The project aims at promoting proliferation of Japanese style high-quality operation &maintenance services.
• The project also aims at increasing the use of LRT as well as energizing the project area
through pedestrian deck and sidewalks in cooperation with the LRT operator (Transit Oriented
Development).
Project image
Soekarno-Hatta
International Airport

CentralJakarta

LRT Ciracas Station
LRT owner develops theelevated bridge andsidewalk.

Project site

Outer ring road
Development
area(approx. 12 ha)

LRT(Planned to open in 2018)

Daiwa House
Industry
TRIVO Group

Japanese investors

Highway
widening
Integrchange

Local project entity

Project scheme

72

1.
2.
3.

Comparison of Indonesia and Japan
Urban Development: challenges in Indonesia
Urban Development: experience and responses in Japan

3-1. Experiences of Urban Policy in Japan
3-2. Development of Regional Transport Network
3-3. TOD: Urban Development harmonized with Transportation Network
3-4. Urban Redevelopment
3-5. Strength of Japanese Cities: Smart City
3-6. Experiences of Housing Policy in Japan(ref.) Urban Development Schemes related to Indonesia’s challenges

4.

Dissemination of infrastructure systems by Japanese government

4-1. Structure for Promoting the dissemination of infrastructure systems
4-2. Japanese cooperation in urban development and Housing in Indonesia
4-3. Japan’s principles for infrastructure cooperation73

Japan’s Principles for Infrastructure cooperation (including Urban development)
The objective of Japan’s infrastructure cooperation including urban development is
the contribution to the sustainable development under the partnership between thegovernment, businesses and local communities of foreign countries.

① Local First•

In order to truly contribute to the developmentof local community, we will identify the local
needs through collaboration with local
governments from master plan or feasibility
stages.

④ Human Resource Development•⑤ Localization of Japanese Companies•② Collaboration with and promotion of
local enterprises••

Japanese companies will implement the projects
in collaboration with local enterprises
Leave local partners can do to them

The knowledge and skills of Japan will betransferred through the collaboration with local
partners

We promote the advance and the localization ofJapanese companies to contribute to thedevelopment of local economy and society.

⑥ Consideration to Local Communities•③ Transfer of Skills•

Together with the transfer of skills, we willcontribute to the human resource development
through training courses in Japan and dispatchof experts.

Through the dialogues with local communities, we
provide assistance to address existing challenges
and realize the future prosperity in local
communities⑦ Consideration to Local Environment•

Pay enough attention to the impact ofdevelopment on environment and climate change
in various aspects, in order to equitably meetdevelopment and environmental needs andensure sustainable development74

75

I sincerely hope that this seminar be the trigger for acceleratingurban development projects in Indonesia, which contributes tothe improvement of the quality of life of Indonesian people,
and the prosperity of Indonesian society and economy,
through the closer collaboration of public and private sectors ofboth Indonesia and Japan.
Thank you very much for your attention.