Ancient Mexico
Special Exhibition

110 Needle
Maya
Late 7th centuryTemple 13, PalenqueGreenstone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

Ⅲ-5. Chichen Itza: Cosmopolitan
City in the Northern Maya Area
111 Pendant with an Ik’ signMaya
600–1000 CE
Grand Cenote, Chichen Itza
JadeRegional Museum of Anthropology ofYucatán, Cantón Palace

118 Atlantean figure from Tula
Toltec900–1100 CE
Building B, Tula
Basalt and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

Ⅳ. Aztec: Great Templeof Tenochititlan

113 Tortoise shell pendant withbells
Maya
900–1540 CEGrand Cenote, Chichen Itza
Gold-plated copper
National Museum of Anthropology

114 Sandal
Maya
1200–1540 CEGrand Cenote, Chichen Itza
Gold-plated copper
National Museum of Anthropology

115 Mosaic diskMaya
900–1000 CE
El Castillo, Chichen Itza
Wood, turquoise, shell, coral, pyrite, and slate
National Museum of Anthropology

116 Chacmool
Maya
900–1100 CE
Tzompantli, Chichen Itza
Limestone
Regional Museum of Anthropology ofYucatán, Cantón Palace

117 Atlantean figure from
Chichen Itza

134 Urn with Tezcatlipoca

Aztec
1469–81 CE
Oﬀering 6, Templo Mayor
Greenstone
Templo Mayor MuseumAztec
1469–81 CE
Oﬀering 14, Templo MayorCeramic
Templo Mayor Museum

126 Xiuhcoatl

135 Tortoise shell vessel withHuehuetéotl

Aztec
1325–1521 CE
Templo Mayor
Flint, turquoise, and pyrite
Templo Mayor Museum

Ⅳ-1. Road to Great Power

Aztec
1486–1502 CE
Templo Mayor
Ceramic and paintTemplo Mayor Museum

127 Tláloc pot

119 Codex Mendoza(reproduction)

Aztec
1440–69 CE
Oﬀering 56, Templo Mayor
Ceramic and paintTemplo Mayor Museum

Original: About 1541 CE
European paper
National Library of Anthropology and History

112 Frog-shaped ornamentMaya
900–1540 CEGrand Cenote, Chichen Itza
Gold-copper alloyNational Museum of Anthropology

125 Urn with Mictlantecuhtli

120 Male sculpture

136 Conch-shaped pendantAztec
1486–1502 CE
Oﬀering 125, Templo Mayor
GoldTemplo Mayor Museum

Maya, Aztec, and Teotihuacan

October 3–December 10, 2023
Organizers: Kyushu National Museum, Fukuoka Prefecture, NHK Fukuoka Station, NHK Enterprises Fukuoka Branch Oﬃce,
The Nishinippon Shimbun, Nishinippon Shimbun Event Service, The Asahi Shimbun
Co-organizer: Kyushu National Museum Promotion Foundation
With the sponsorship of: Nissha Co., Ltd., Daiwa House Industry Co., Ltd.
With the special cooperation of: Dazaifu Tenmangu
With the cooperation of: Aeromexico
With the support of: Embassy of Mexico in Japan, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka City Board ofEducation, Kitakyushu City Board of Education, Dazaifu City, Dazaifu City Board of Education, Dazaifu Chamber of Commerce, Dazaifu City
Information CenterWith the co-planning and co-coordination of: Secretariat of Culture of Mexico,
National Institute of Anthropology and History

128 Ehécatl sculpture

Aztec
1325–1521 CE
PueblaAndesite and shell
National Museum of Anthropology

Aztec
1325–1521 CE
Mexico CityBasalt
National Museum of Anthropology

121 Mask

137 Ear ornamentsAztec
1486–1502 CE
Oﬀering 167, Templo Mayor
GoldTemplo Mayor Museum

Aztec
1469–81 CE
Oﬀering 6, Templo Mayor
BasaltTemplo Mayor Museum

122 Earflares

138 Bell-shaped pendants
Aztec
1486–1502 CE
Oﬀering 167, Templo MayorGold
Templo Mayor Museum

Aztec
1325–1521 CE
Mexico City
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

123 Eagle Warrior sculpture

139 Human heart-shaped pendantAztec
1486–1502 CE
Oﬀering 174, Templo Mayor
GoldTemplo Mayor Museum

Aztec
1325–1521 CE
Mexico CityWood
National Museum of Anthropology

Ⅳ-2. Gods and Rituals

132 FluteAztec
1325–1521 CE
Templo Mayor
Ceramic and paintTemplo Mayor Museum

124 Tlaltecuhtli relief
Aztec
1325–1521 CE
Templo Mayor
BasaltTemplo Mayor Museum

133 FluteAztec
1325–1521 CE
Templo Mayor
Ceramic and paintTemplo Mayor MuseumMaya
900–1000 CE
Temple of the Warriors, Chichen Itza
Limestone
National Museum of Anthropology

Maya
600–950 CE
TabascoCeramic
National Museum of Anthropology

3 Owl vessel

131 Teponaztli (slit drum)

Aztec
1469–86 CE
House of the Eagles, Templo Mayor
Ceramic
Templo Mayor Museum

Olmec
1000–400 BCE
Cerro de Las MesasJadeNational Museum of Anthropology

2 Jaguar vessel

130 Sahumador (censer)

Aztec
1469–81 CE
Oﬀering 82, Templo Mayor
Greenstone
Templo Mayor Museum

Ⅰ . Invitation toAncient Mexico
1 Olmec-style stone figurine

129 Pulque deity Patécatl sculpture

Teotihuacan
200–550 CE
Oﬀering 82, Templo Mayor
Shell, obsidian, and serpentinite
Templo Mayor Museum

140 Tezcatlipoca andHuitzilopochtli’s
scepter-shaped ornament
Aztec
1486–1502 CE
Oﬀering 174, Templo MayorGoldTemplo Mayor Museum

141 Tlaltecuhtli-shaped ornament
Aztec
1486–1502 CEOﬀering 174, Templo MayorGold
Templo Mayor MuseumMaya
250–600 CE
Oxtankah
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

4 Spider monkey vessel
Central Veracruz
950–1521 CE
Veracruz
Alabaster (travertine) and obsidian
National Museum of Anthropology

5 Chicomecoatl effigy brazier(reproduction)
Original: Aztec
1325–1521 CE
Tláhuac, Mexico City Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

6 Metate
Teotihuacan
250–550 CE
La Ventilla, Teotihuacan
BasaltArchaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Photography is permitted for all
works in this Special Exhibition.

Photography is allowed for all the works in our Special Exhibition, Ancient Mexico: Maya, Aztec,and Teotihuacan. However, there are rules prohibiting the use of flashes, tripods, or video filming.
Flash photography
is prohibited.

Depending on the exhibition conditions, photography may be restricted or prohibited. For moredetails, please see the oﬃcial Kyushu National Museum website or check the signs inside our museum.

*The temperature, humidity, and lighting of our exhibition rooms are strictly controlled to comply
with international standards for conserving the condition of works on loan. Therefore, we would
like to apologize in advance to our visitors if the environment of our Special Exhibition is notcomfortable.

List of Works
Notes
・This exhibition was held at Heiseikan, Tokyo National Museum,from June 16 to September 3, 2023. It will also be held at the National
Museum of Art, Osaka, from February 6 to May 6, 2024.
・The same artwork numbers are used in both the catalogue and thegallery, but the works are not displayed in numerical order.

7 ManoTeotihuacan
250–550 CE
La Ventilla, Teotihuacan
BasaltArchaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

8 Tablet with the night sky16 Denticulated knife

22 Standing figurine

Aztec
1325–1521 CE
Mexico City
Andesite
National Museum of Anthropology

Aztec
1469–81 CE
Oﬀering 6, Templo Mayor
ChertTemplo Mayor Museum

Teotihuacan
150–250 CE
Sun Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Greenstone, shell, and pyrite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

9 Calendar glyph

17 Mask

Maya
About 647 CE
Forgotten Temple, Palenque
StuccoNational Museum of Anthropology

Teotihuacan
350–550 CE
Azcapotzalco, Mexico City
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

23 Circular sculpture withthe face of death

10 Ball game player figurine

18 Elite personage figurineMaya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

Maya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

11 Yoke (ball game protective gear)

19 Ornamented skull

Central Veracruz
600–950 CE
Veracruz
Stone
National Museum of Anthropology

Aztec
1469–81 CE
Oﬀering 11, Templo Mayor
Bone material, shell, pyrite, and copal
Templo Mayor Museum

12 Rubber ball (ethnographic)
MayoContemporary
Sinaloa
RubberNational Museum of Anthropology

Ⅱ. Teotihuacan: City of Gods
Ⅱ-1. Sun Pyramid
20 Mask

13 Xipe Tótec headAztec
1325–1521 CETemplo Mayor
BasaltTemplo Mayor Museum

Teotihuacan
150–250 CE
Sun Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Greenstone and pyrite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

14 Técpatl (ritual knife)Aztec
1502–20 CE
Oﬀering 52, Templo Mayor
Chert, obsidian, and copal
Templo Mayor Museum

Teotihuacan
150–250 CE
Sun Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Greenstone
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Aztec
1502–20 CE
Oﬀering 52, Templo Mayor
Chert and obsidian
Templo Mayor Museum

24 Old Fire God sculpture
Teotihuacan
450–550 CE
Sun Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Andesite and paintArchaeological Zone of TeotihuacanⅡ-2. Moon Pyramid
25 Standing female figure
with earflares
Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Burial 2, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Jadeitite, pyrite, and shell
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

26 Necklace
Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Burial 2, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Shell
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

27 Standing figure
21 Standing figurine withheaddress and pendant

15 Técpatl (ritual knife)

Teotihuacan
300–550 CE
Sun Plaza, Sun Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Andesite and traces of red paintNational Museum of Anthropology

Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Burial 2, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
ObsidianArchaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

28 Mosaic standing figure
Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Burial 6, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Serpentine, jadeitite, shell, and pyrite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

29 Serpentine eccentric (biface)

39 Nose plaqueTeotihuacan
200–250 CE
Burial 6, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
ObsidianArchaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Feathered Serpent Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Greenstone
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

30 Knife eccentric (biface)

40 Feathered Serpent sculpture

Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Burial 6, Moon Pyramid, TeotihuacanObsidianArchaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Feathered Serpent Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Andesite and stucco
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

31 Pendant

41 Cipactli headdress sculpture

Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Burial 6, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Shell
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Feathered Serpent Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Andesite and stucco
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

32 Perforator

42 Standing figure

Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Burial 6, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Jadeitite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Underground tunnel, Feathered Serpent
Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Greenstone and pyrite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

33 Seated figurine
Teotihuacan
250–300 CE
Burial 3, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Greenstone
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

34 Earflares
Teotihuacan
300–350 CE
Burial 5, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Jadeitite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

35 Necklace
Teotihuacan
300–350 CE
Burial 5, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Jadeitite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

36 Pendant
Teotihuacan
300–350 CE
Burial 5, Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Jadeitite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Ⅱ-3. Feathered Serpent Pyramid
37 Baton
Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Feathered Serpent Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Wood
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

38 Nose plaqueTeotihuacan
200–250 CE
Feathered Serpent Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Greenstone
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

43 Standing figure
Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Underground tunnel, Feathered Serpent
Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Greenstone and pyrite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Ⅱ-4. City Growth and Diverscity
48 Mural with storm god
Teotihuacan
350–550 CE
Zacuala, Teotihuacan
Earthen aggregate, stucco, and mineralpigments
National Museum of Anthropology

49 Storm god almena
Teotihuacan
250–550 CE
Zacuala, Teotihuacan
Ceramic and paintArchaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

50 Incense burner
Teotihuacan
350–550 CE
Palace B, La Ventilla, Teotihuacan
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

51 Incense burner
Teotihuacan
350–550 CE
La Ventilla, Teotihuacan
Ceramic and paintArchaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

52 Mask
Teotihuacan
350–550 CE
La Ventilla, Teotihuacan
Limestone, shell, and pyrite
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Ⅲ. Maya: The Rise andFall of City-States
Ⅲ-1. Cosmology and Knowledge
58 Plate with hunters holding
blowgunsMaya
600–830 CE
Origin unknown
Ceramic and paintGrand Museum of the Maya World of Mérida

53 Figurine holding shields
Teotihuacan
450–550 CE
Origin unknown
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

54 Avian effigy vessel

Teotihuacan
150–250 CE
Underground tunnel, Feathered Serpent
Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Shell
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Teotihuacan
250–550 CE
La Ventilla, Teotihuacan
Ceramic, shell, and greenstone
National Museum of Anthropology

55 Effigy urn
Teotihuacan
150–250 CE
Underground tunnel, Feathered Serpent
Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Ceramic
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

47 Bowl
Teotihuacan
200–250 CE
Underground tunnel, Feathered Serpent
Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Ceramic, stucco, and paintArchaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

Maya
Period unknown
Origin unknown
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

68 Female figurine, possibly a scribeMaya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

Maya
600–830 CE
Origin unknown
Ceramic and paintGrand Museum of the Maya World of Mérida

Maya
600–950 CE
Oxkintok
Bone
Regional Museum of Anthropology ofYucatán, Cantón Palace

60 Bowl with the night sky

70 Performer figurineMaya
600–830 CE
Origin unknown
Ceramic and paint
Regional Museum of Anthropology ofYucatán, Cantón PalaceMaya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic
Regional Museum of Anthropology ofYucatán, Cantón Palace

61 Plate with a star sign

71 Female weaver figurineMaya
700–830 CE
Origin unknown
Ceramic and paint
Regional Museum of Anthropology ofYucatán, Cantón PalaceMaya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

59 Tripod plate with ceiba

72, 73 Spindle whorls

45 Trumpet

46 Storm god vessel

79 SealMaya
600–950 CE
Simojovel, Chiapas
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

69 Bone artifact

44 Trumpet
Teotihuacan
150–250 CE
Underground tunnel, Feathered Serpent
Pyramid, Teotihuacan
Shell
Archaeological Zone of Teotihuacan

67 Captive or shaman figurine

Zapotec
450–550 CE
Oaxaca Barrio, Teotihuacan
Ceramic, greenstone, shell, and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

56 Tripod vessel
Teotihuacan
450–550 CE
Tetitla, Teotihuacan
Ceramic, stucco, and mineral pigments
National Museum of Anthropology

57 Mirror backTeotihuacan
450–550 CE
Teotihuacan
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

62 Sculpture representing theVenus cycle and the solar yearMaya
800–1000 CE
Venus Platform, Chichen Itza
Limestone
Regional Museum of Anthropology ofYucatán, Cantón Palace

63 Toniná Monument 159
Maya
About 799 CE
Toniná
SandstoneToniná Site Museum

Ⅲ-2. People of the Maya World
64 Ruling elite figurineMaya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

65 High-status female figurineMaya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

66 Warrior figurineMaya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

Maya
Period unknown
Origin unknown
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

74 Spindle
Maya
Period unknown
Origin unknown
Wood
National Museum of Anthropology

75 Tripod plate witha deer-hunting sceneMaya
600–850 CE
Origin unknown
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

76 Cylindrical vaseMaya
600–850 CE
Origin unknown
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

77 SealMaya
600–950 CE
Jaina
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

78 SealMaya
Period unknown
Origin unknown
Ceramic
National Museum of Anthropology

Ⅲ-3. Exchange between Cities
Trade and War
80 Cylindrical vaseMaya
600–850 CE
Origin unknown
Ceramic and paintNational Museum of Anthropology

81 Road marker
Maya
600–800 CE
Pakal Ná Zone, City of Palenque
Limestone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

82 NecklaceMaya
250–1100 CE
Origin unknown
Shell and greenstone
Grand Museum of the Maya World of Mérida

83 Eccentric with deity heads(biface)
Maya
About 711 CE
El Palmar
Chert
National Museum of Anthropology

84 Alabaster vessel
Maya
800–1530 CE
Yucatán
Alabaster (travertine)
Grand Museum of the Maya World of Mérida

85 Lid with monkey god and cacao
Maya
600–950 CE
Toniná
Ceramic and paintToniná Site Museum

86 Toniná Monument 153
Maya
708–721 CE
Toniná
Sandstone
Toniná Site Museum

87 Toniná Monument 171
Maya
About 727 CE
Palace of Water, Acropolis, Toniná
Sandstone
National Museum of Anthropology

88 Tablet of the scribe
Maya
About 725 CE
Palace Tower, Palenque
Limestone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

Ⅲ-4. Pakal the Great and the
Red Queen: Golden Ageof Palenque89 Tablet of the 96 glyphs
Maya
783 CE
Vicinity of the Palace Tower, Palenque
Limestone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

90 Male head, possibly Pakal
the Great (reproduction)
Original: Maya
About 620–683 CE
Pakal the Great's tomb, Temple of the Inscriptions, PalenqueStucco
National Museum of Anthropology

91 Dupaix Tablet
Maya
About 654 CE
Palace, PalenqueLimestone
National Museum of Anthropology

92 Temple of the Foliated Cross
South JambMaya
692 CE
Temple of the Foliated Cross, PalenqueLimestone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

99 Red Queen’s mask
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, Palenque
Malachite, jadeitite, and obsidian
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

100 Red Queen’s headdress
ornaments
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, PalenqueJadeitite, shell, and limestone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

101 Red Queen’s diadem
Maya
Late 7th centuryTemple 13, PalenqueJadeitite
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

102 Red Queen’s necklace
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, Palenque
Chalcedony
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

103 Read Queen’s breast ornaments
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, PalenqueJadeitite
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

93 Temple of the Sun north tablet
Maya
692 CE
Temple of the Sun, Palenque
Limestone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

104 Red Queen’s belt ornaments
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, Palenque
Limestone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

94 Incense burner standMaya
680–800 CE
Temple 15-A, Palenque
Ceramic and paint
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

105 Red Queen’s bracelets
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, PalenqueGreenstone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

95 Incense burner standMaya
680–800 CE
Temple of the Cross, Palenque
Ceramic and paint
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

106 Red Queen’s anklets
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, Palenque
Jade
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

96 Incense burner standMaya
680–800 CETemple of the Sun, Palenque
Ceramic and paint
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

107 Small mask
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, PalenqueGreen chalcedony, shell, and obsidian
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

97 Glyphs of K’inich Ahkal
Maya
722–742 CE
Temple 18, Palenque
StuccoPalenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

108 Shell
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, Palenque
Shell
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

98 Stucco sculptureMaya
734 CE
Temple 19, Palenque
StuccoPalenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier

109 Figurine
Maya
Late 7th century
Temple 13, PalenqueLimestone
Palenque Site Museum, Alberto Ruz Lhuillier