November 2nd
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Space Technology Directorate I
Vice President, CEOS 2015 Chair

Shizuo Yamamoto

JAXA’s Past, Current andGOSAT-2(JFY2017)
Future Satellite/Sensor
Earth CARE/CPR
Activities

High Resolution Wide
Swath (Optical)(JFY2017 (TBD))(JFY2017)

GCOM-C(JFY2016)

ALOS-2 SAR(JFY2014)

DAICHI (ALOS)(JFY2005)

GPM/DPR(JFY2013)

Aqua/AMSR-E(JFY2002)

ADEOS-Ⅱ(JFY2002)

SHIZUKU(GCOM-W)(2012)

TRMM/PR(JFY1997)

IBUKI (GOSAT)(2009)JERS-1(JF

MOS(JFY1986)

Mission Success
Satellite Loss on orbit

First Japan’s EO satellite
ALOS-2
2003-now-future

Data Receiving/EOC
ADEOS –II
1990’s-2003(Oct)MOS-1
1980’s1970’sTechnicalDemonstration

Provisionof Value・benefit
to Society

Achievement ofTechnical Bases
Oct 2003
NASDA==================================== JAXA ==================

Data Applications of Earth Observation Satellites for 10 years
9 Societal Benefit Area agreed
by GEO in 2005 summit Climate Water Disaster Weather Ecosystems
 Biodiversity
 Agriculture Energy
 HealthDisasterALOS
ALOS-2JAXA contribute to3 Societal Benefit Area.
 Climate Water Disaster

GCOM-W/CEC(CR）ClimateWaterTRMM（PR)GPM(DPR) CG Image by NASAGOSAT-1/2/3
4

ALOS-2: Advanced Land Observing Satellite -2

Characteristics of ALOS-2
 World’s Top Continuous Observation
 Autonomous Precise Orbit Control
 Emergency Observation is possible after One hour of Setting up
5Flood in Kinugwa-river and Observation by ALOS-2
 Emergency observation
after one hour setting up
 Only means to grasp thesituation of wide area inbad weather
 Assisting decision makingfor the dispatch request ofdrain pump vehicles

出典：関東地方整備局ホームページ

Sentinel Asia Triggered for Myanmar Flood 2015 July
SA promptly coordinated with Disaster Authorities and data products wasshared among the authorities and used for listing flooded villages(incl.
potential), also for response actions etc.

Letter from
Relief&Resettle
ment Dept. Myanmar,
Jul 29, 20157

Monitoring Active Volcanoes bｙ ALOS-2 in Japan

https://www.nsr.go.jp/data/000101725.pdf

Disaster Risk Assessment at Local Level
ALOS-2 monitors eruption risk of Mt.Hakone and Mt.Sakurajima.
Satellite data is transformed to information by GSI and JMA’s volcanic Eruption
Prediction Liaison Council for decision making at local levels.
Mt.Hakone
Sakurajima

Surface deformation of Mｔ. Sakurajima
Jan 14, 2015 – Aug 8, 2015
Max 16 cm surface rise was monitored.

Surface deformation of Mｔ. Hakone
April 17, 2015 – May 15, 2015
Max 12 cm shift was monitored

9GPM and GCOM-W
 International mission for high accurate / frequentglobal precipitation observation.
 GPM Core Observatory was launched onFebruary 27th 2014 (UTC).

CG Image by NASA1010

JAXA’s Contribution to Forecasting“GSMaP_NOW” over “Himawari-8” area start just now!
Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP)
Global Rainfall Watch(GSMaP_NRT/MVK)

Realtime Rainfall Watch(GSMaP_NOW)

Champi
OlafPatricia

GSMaP (Global) observed Hurricane Patricia and Olaf, and Typhoon Champi: 20-24 Oct. 2015, hourly animation• Rapidly changing precipitation phenomena need frequent observations.
• Global rainfall map merging GPM Core Observatory, polar orbiting
microwave radiometer/sounders, and geostationary infrared radiometers.
JAXA Global Rainfall Watch (4-hr delay) : http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaPJAXA Realtime Rainfall Watch (Himawari-area): http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaP_NOW11

Flood Early Warning System
UNESCO Pakistan flood project (2012-14)“Strategic Strengthening of Flood Warning and Management Capacity”
Agencies involved: UNESCO, PMD, SUPARCO, ICHARM, JAXA
Geological data
(DEM, Land use data)

Satellite-based rainfall

Flood prediction
by modelModel
Output Data
（River discharge, Waterlevel, Rainfall distribution）

Information to citizensand Evacuation

Evacuate fromdangerous areas

Alert message
by E-mailApplications
Observing the Sea Surface Temperature and using these data to save fuel for fishing boats●：マグロ漁場 ●：カツオ漁場 ©漁業情報サービスセンター

Detecting El Nino by monitoring SSTMonitoring the change of Arctic Sea Ice
And ship detection in the Northern Sea

GOSAT: Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite

 Monitoring global distribution of Greenhouse
Gases (CO2, CH4) from space.
 Joint project by JAXA, NIES, and MOE.
 Launch: 23 January 2009 by H2A launch vehicle
14

CO2 Concentrations by GOSAT
Change of monthly mean of CO2
concentration in N. America and Australia
North America

ColumnAveraged
AustraliaDr. Yokota (NIES)

Animation of daily mean of CO2 concentration(June 2009 - May 2011, at 800 m altitude)(c) MOE/NIES/JAXA

15

 GOSAT observation data of methane
concentration was used for verification ofNorth American methane emission adopted
by IPCC (released by the report of Harvard
University group in the journal “AtmosphericChemistry and Physics”).
The research
revealed the emission estimate wasunderestimated. The usefulness of GOSAT
observation data is shown.

北米メタン排出量（Tga-1)

Estimating CH4 methane emissions by GOSATGOSATデータ

北米人為起源、石油天然ガス、家畜、ゴミ、石炭発電GOSAT CH4 observation data showed that the existing EPA
Inventory is underestimated (By Dr. Turner/Harvard University）

Animation of daily mean of CH4 concentration(June 2009 - May 2011, at 800 m altitude)(c) MOE/NIES/JAXA

16

JAXA’s Past, Current andGOSAT-2(JFY2017)
Future Satellite/Sensor
Earth CARE/CPR
Activities

High Resolution Wide
Swath (Optical)(JFY2017 (TBD))(JFY2017)

GCOM-C(JFY2016)

ALOS-2 SAR(JFY2014)

DAICHI (ALOS)(JFY2005)

GPM/DPR(JFY2013)

Aqua/AMSR-E(JFY2002)

ADEOS-Ⅱ(JFY2002)

SHIZUKU(GCOM-W)(2012)

TRMM/PR(JFY1997)

IBUKI (GOSAT)(2009)JERS-1(JF

MOS(JFY1986)

SummaryObserveAnalyze

Understand
Earth’s StatusDecision Making ＆Action

Assess Effect of Action

Role of EO satellites
 EO Satellite data is not just for
information, it must be connected
to decision-making paths andprovide solutions to societalchallenges.
 Frequent, wide area capability ofsatellites provides mankind withunique perspectives andinformation solutions.

InternationalCommon Measure

18

Summary Emergence of global social problems+ Many extreme climate events caused
by global warming+ Resource depletion & environmental
destruction by rapid population
growth
大気圏
水蒸気

水循環

sinksource

エアロゾル
温暖化ガ
ス

雲

discharge

降雨

土地被覆
植物生産性土壌水分

陸域

放射強制力

雪氷

sinksource

海洋生産
沿岸環境 性水循環

 Global change caused by complex
海上風

海面水
温

海洋

深層海洋循環interactions.
 Satellites can observe wide areas repeatedly.
 It’s important that internationalframeworks address global problems bycombining products, models andsimulations generated by satellite data andin-situ data.

19