SATREPS Zambia Group 1
Activity Report & Future Plan
Kaampwe Muzandu, 16th Oct 2017

Group core member list…
Dr. Kaampwe Muzandu

Dr. Yoshitaka Uchida

Dr. Benson ChishalaDr. Ikabongo Mukumbuta

Mr. Kabenuka Munthali

Dr. Kazuyo Hirose

Mr. Mukuka Mwansa

Dr. Eiji Nishihara

Prof. Imasiku A Nyambe

Dr. Tsubo Mitsuru

Dr. Kawawa Banda

Mr. Shinsaku Nakamura

Dr. Meki Chirwa

Mr. Toru Hamamoto

Ms. Charity Nalweya

Ms. Akane Chiba

Outline• Goals
1. Satellite image systems – Kabwe area history
should be analysed as well as near-real time
monitoring will be achieved.
2. Weather stations will be up and running.
3. Some results for plant growth / soil microbes /soil animals within Kabwe or Pb contaminatedsoils will be published.
4. We will launch ‘Gairoju (街路樹)’ project. We
target a small area within Kabwe city and will
perform some re-vegetation trials.

Overall goals towards future (abovethe current project, final goals)• To minimize “future” Pb related risks.
– Better understanding of;• Climate• Water movement• Soil/plant types -> Land use types• To mitigate “already contaminated” area.
– Individual ~ community scale measures– Practical advices for the government

1. Satellite image systems•••

Basic online analyses can be done here in Japan (1 student).
After the analyses, the student can visit the site to confirm some of the highlighted (important) area.
Is Pb contamination related to the recent (the last 20 years) development of the city?
•May link to economists’ survey??

https://eros.usgs.gov/doi-remote-sensing-activities/2013/land-use-changecentral-california-valley

Data collection
and uploading
using smartphone

Network relay
ネットワーク中継システム
GDSS基地局
systemCommunicating with
network system

Networkcommunication

ExternalHDD

Data collection
and uploading
using smartphone

Communicating withnetwork system

Data is sharedwith the server

External network
Internal network
GDSS @ UNZA
Data is shared withJapanese side2 Weather station

POTEKA – Weather Station Service
NETIS registration number：KT-160077-A（Registered in October 2016）

Meisei Denki Ltd.

Weather information contributes Safety &Security of the community

Meisei Denki Ltd. Is authorized by Japanese Meteorological Department

POTEKA

POint・TEnki (Weather)・KAnsoku (Monitoring)

Real-time monitoring of weather dataReal-time weather
・ Data is uploaded every minute・ Can be connected to email alert system
・ SIM card is inserted to weather station

Weather forecast
・ Accurate weather forecast maybe
possible＋ ・ Data available for anyone

・ Smart-phone application is available

Easy to be placed.
9PC, smart-phone, email can be used tosee the data

Low energy cost, save space
Example oflaydown

Weather sensor
Weather sensor

AtgroundRainfall collector

Rainfall collector

Rooftop

Solar panel

Telegraphpole

AC / Network box（3G SIM card）

Size: W 1m D 1m H 1.5mWeight: 130 kg
10Telegraph pole
Weight: 20 kg

typeCompact weather monitor
Seven types of sensors

Solar radiation(Temperature, Atmospheric pressure,Humidity, Solar radiation, Wind, Precipitation,Rainfall)

Precipitation

Compact, Light, Power saving
Easy to install

Wind direction& speedAtmosphericpressure
Temperature& Humidity

Network system（※1）

Authorized by Japanese
Meteorological Department⇒ Best and compact weather monitor

11Size: Diameter 20 cm, Height 27.1 cm
Weight: 1.35 kg

Application of weather station in Kabwe
Aiming for Alert system
Field20kmradius

A warning occurred at around20km radius will be reported
immediately to members

OfficeExample

Weather warnings around 20km
radius are detected and reported
immediately!12Strong wind ：> 15m/s
Heavy rain：> 20mm/h
Dramatic change of weather

1 (b) Weather station

3 Plants and soil
microbes• Some ‘soil conditioning’and re-vegetation
experiments have started atUNZA (School of Ag).
• Soil respiration /decomposition / microbialcommunity data are
obtained here in Hokkaido.
• Also Pb concentration andvegetable experiments arebeing performed at TottoriUniversity.

Potential plants can be used on site
• Vetivar• Lemongrass• Tithonia• Moringa4 Re-vegetation plans

https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2000158769/city-demofarm-aims-to-sharpen-farmers

Our work plan

① Select a site with severe② Set up a trial to test different

contamination with little vegetation.

plants/fertilizers/mulch treatments.

③ We monitor changes in dust as④ After the trial, this area can be a

2017/10/20plants grow.

natural reserve for local plants.

Some examples in Japan• In our city (Sapporo),roadside trees or‘Gairoju’ are very
popular.
• They buffer sunshine,wind, and drought.
They also improve
the quality of air.
• They nurture a lot oflives (e.g. birds) too.
2017/10/20

http://www.city.sapporo.jp/ryokuka/midori/mac
hi/hanamidori/gairojyu

Tentative plot trial plan
- Split-plot design
100 m

Plant A
050

Plant C
100

0050

50

0Plant B
1000Plant C
0100

50

Replicate 1

050

100

Plant A
1000Plant A
1005050 m

Plant B

50Plant B

50100

Plant C
100

Replicate 2

050

100

Replicate 3•Numbers indicate fertilizer application rates.

•Plant A, B, and C mean different plant species.

•Plant growth and changes in soil properties (biology, chemistry, and physics) are recorded.

•2017/10/20

Weather stations and dust sensors monitor atmospheric conditions, continuously.

Trial site has been discussed with Kabwe
council• Possible ‘Gairoju’ site
is just at the South of
EPL land.
• The trial should becarried out slowly,
starting from fences
and boreholes.
• Local plants should beused.
• The site should be
open to the public,eventually.
• Maybe ‘botanicalgarden’?

Conclusions• Mitigation will be extremely difficult unless we‘fundamentally’ change the whole city in many ways.
• Probably soil water holding capacity and stability
are very important.
– Soils should be stable enough to cope with heavy
rain and strong wind…
• To achieve it, the role of plants has to be recognized.
• Citizens should realize the concept of this study.
– Their cooperation is necessary to achieve
something significant.