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Social Interactions for Non-use of Condoms among High School Girlsin Provincial Japan
Hiroshi YAMAZAKI, Masako ONO-KIHARA and Masahiro KIHARA
Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology,
Kyoto University School of Public HealthObjective : This paper aims to qualitatively analyze social interactions leading to consistentnon-use of condoms among sexually active Japanese high school girls.
Methods : Between ,**+ and ,**-, we conducted 2 focus groups with .+ high school girls(median age +1, -//.+ had sexual experience) from , provincial cities in southwestern Japan.
The data was analyzed by grounded theory approach.
Results : We found - social interactive processes regarding their non-use of condoms : +core process and , sub-processes (A and B).
The core process reveals that, as the high school girls become sexually experienced, theycome to view their body as pregnant-free and withdrawal as an e#ective contraceptive
method. Their major concern is unwanted pregnancy and not STD infection. Although theyknow condom is the most available contraceptive, the decision of its use is left to theirpartners who are mostly unwilling to use it. After practicing withdrawal or the rhythm
method for several months, they empirically learn that they do not get pregnant so easily.
These experiences allow them to reason that their body is pregnant-free ; and, withdrawal isa reliable enough contraceptive method.
The sub-process A reveals the perception of some minorities who do not regard pregnancy
as a risk, and some factors associated with condom-acquisition impediments and condom
repulsion. The sub-process B shows how some participants develop their unique pseudo-safesex perceptions. All of these contribute to their non-use of condom.
Conclusions : Since the social interactive processes regarding non-use of condoms by highschool girls unfold in and beyond sexual encounters, they must be dealt holistically.
Moreover, we cannot simply expect them to act always rationally regardless of social
interactive processes in which they are engaged. To devise truly e#ective HIV/STD prevention measures for Japanese youth, further investigation of their social interactive processes
regarding (non-)use of condoms is indispensable.
Key words : high school girls, condom (non-)use, HIV/STD, unwanted pregnancy, prevention+-*  1*