JAITS䠘༤ኈᏛ఩ㄽᩥせ᪨䠚䢢1⩻ヂ➼౯ᛶ෌⪃䢢䯍♫఍グྕㄽ僑僮僱⩻ヂᏛ僔充儣⌮ㄽ◊✲䯍䢢

Translation Equivalence Revisited:
Meta-Theoretical Analysis of Translation Theories Based on Social SemioticsᏛ఩ྲྀᚓ⪅㸸ἙཎΎᚿᤵ୚ᶵ㛵㸸❧ᩍ኱ᏛྲྀᚓᏛ఩ࡢྡ⛠㸸༤ኈ㸦␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᏛ㸧ྲྀᚓᏛ఩ࡢ᪉ἲ㸸ㄢ⛬ྲྀᚓᖺ᭶᪥㸸2015 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 25 ᪥ⱥᩥせ᪨This study aims to give meta-theoretical analysis to translation studies
based on linguistic anthropological social semiotics with a view to presenting its
entire picture and analyzing ideologies of leading Western translation theories.
Firstly in this study, the basic concept of “equivalence,” as commonly adoptedintranslation

theories,

isrevisitedfromtheperspectiveoflinguistic

anthropological social semiotics based on constructionism. This theory applicable
as a meta-theory for translation studies as well as many fields of humanities andsocial science is the one that connects language and society in terms of “ideology.”
Secondly, it categorizes leading translation theories into five groups: (1)linguistics-oriented equivalence theories (e.g. translation shift, translation
strategy, translation process), (2) social function-oriented equivalence theories (e.g.
skopos theory, polysystem theory, translation norms), (3) equivalence-fallacy
theoriesafterthesocial/ideologicalturn(e.g.

postcolonialtheories),(4)

equivalence-transcendence theories: translation philosophy and thought (e.g.
Benjamin, Derrida, Berman), and (5) theories of translation equivalence-diversity.
Lastly, overt social functions of leading translation theories are analyzed fromsocial semiotics, and then covert social functions of those theories are examinedwhich are out of scholars’ consciousness but work as ideologized dogmas or values
that are deeply embedded in specific socio-cultural contexts, showing theKAWAHARA Kiyoshi, “Translation equivalence revisited: Meta-theoretical analysis oftranslation theories based on social semiotics,” Interpreting and Translation Studies, No.15, 2015.
Pages 221-225. © by the Japan Association for Interpreting and Translation Studies

221ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘15 ྕ㸦2015㸧

conscious and unconscious process of ideologization of socially-embedded symbolic
values that affect the construction of translation theories.
࿴ᩥせ᪨ ᮏ✏ࡣࠕ⩻ヂ࡜ࡣఱ࠿ࠖ࡜࠸࠺᰿※ⓗ࡞ၥ࠸࡟ᑐࡋࠊࠕ⩻ヂ࡜ࡣࠊ➼౯ᵓ⠏⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ᥐᐃࡋࠊ୺࡟ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢすὒࡢ⩻ヂ◊✲⪅࡟ࡼࡿ⩻ヂㅖ⌮ㄽࡢ⫼ᚋ࡟₯ࡴゝㄒࡸ⩻ヂ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮㸦ព㆑㸧ࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᙜヱࢸ࣮ࢮࡢ⌮ㄽⓗ᳨ドࢆ♫఍グྕㄽ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ୰࡛ࠊ⩻ヂᏛࡢㅖᏛㄝࢆศᯒࡍࡿ࣓ࢱ⌮ㄽࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆ⣲ᥥࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ ᮏ✏ࡢฟⓎⅬ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ෌ᖐࡍࡿⅬ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸺⩻ヂ➼౯ᵓ⠏ᛶ㸼ࡢᴫᛕᐃ⩏ࡣḟࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ ⩻ヂ࡜ࡣࠊᙜヱ⾜Ⅽࡢ♫఍ᩥ໬ྐⓗࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ౫Ꮡᛶ㸦♫఍ᣦᶆᛶ㸧࠾ࡼࡧ⩻ヂ⪅ࡢ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࡸ౯್ほ㸦㇟ᚩᛶ㸧ࢆ୙ྍ㑊ⓗ࡟ෆໟࡋࡘࡘࠊ࠶ࡿゝㄒࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆᇶ࡟ูࡢゝㄒࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡬࡜♫఍ⓗ࡞➼౯ᵓ⠏ࢆ⾜࠺ࠊ㠀ྜ┠ⓗⓗຠᯝࢆకࡗࡓ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠖ ࡇࡢ㸺⩻ヂ➼౯ᵓ⠏ᛶ㸼ࢆ෌⪃ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟᥇ࡗࡓᮏ✏ࡢᵓᡂࡣḟࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ✏ࡣ⩻ヂᏛ࡞࠸ࡋ⩻ヂ◊✲ࡢ࣓ࢱ⌮ㄽ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡲࡎ➨ 1 ❶࡛࣓ࢱ⌮ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚᥼⏝ࡍࡿゝㄒே㢮Ꮫ⣔♫఍ゝㄒᏛࡢጇᙜᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⛉ᏛဴᏛࡸ▱㆑♫఍Ꮫࡢぢᆅ࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ ḟ࡟ࠊ࣓ࢱ⌮ㄽࢆ⾜࠺࡟ࡣ⩻ヂᴫᛕࢆ᰿ᮏⓗ࡟ᨭ࠼ࡿゝㄒࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࠊ
グྕࠊព࿡࡞࡝ࡢㅖᴫᛕ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶేࡏ࡚ㄽࡌ࡚ࡺࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛➨ 2 ❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡇࢀࡽㅖᴫᛕࢆໟᣓࡍࡿ◊✲ศ㔝࡛࠶ࡿグྕㄽࢆㄝ᫂ࡋࠊᚲせ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ㄆ▱ゝㄒᏛ࣭ព࿡࡙ࡅㄽࢆᑟධࡋࡘࡘࠊࡑࢀࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡁࢀ࡞࠸⩻ヂࡢ♫఍⾜Ⅽᛶ㸦≉࡟๰ฟⓗ࡞♫఍ᣦᶆᶵ⬟㸧࡟↷ᑕࡋ࡚㆟ㄽࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠕゝㄒே㢮Ꮫ⣔♫఍グྕㄽࠖࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ♧ࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡓ⩻ヂ⌮ㄽࡢศᯒᡭἲࢆ⣲ᥥࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ
࡚ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞సᴗࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠕ⩻ヂ➼౯ᵓ⠏ࠖࠕ⩻ヂ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࠖ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢸ࣮ࢮࢆᐃ❧ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ⌮ㄽⓗ࡞ᯟ⤌ࡳ࡟౫ᣐࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ⩻ヂㅖᏛㄝࢆࡍ࡭࡚㸺➼౯ᵓ⠏㸼ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽࠊࠕゝㄒ➼౯ㄽࠖ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢᒎ㛤࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࠕ♫఍➼౯ㄽࠖࠕ➼౯ㄗㅸㄽࠖࠕ➼౯㉸㉺ㄽࠖࠕ➼౯ከᵝᛶㄽࠖ࡜࠸࠺ศ㢮᳨࡛ウࡋ┤ࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡎ➨ 3 ❶࡛ࡣࠊ⩻ヂࡢゝㄒࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢഃ㠃࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚࡚ㅖᏛㄝࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠕゝㄒ➼౯ㄽࠖࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡲࡎࠊ3.1 ࡛ᑟධⓗ࡞➼౯ᛶ඲⯡ࡢ㆟ㄽࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ3.2 ࡛㏆௦௨๓ࡢ┤ヂ vs. ពヂࡢ஧㡯ᑐ❧ᅗᘧࡸࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢㅖᏛㄝࡢ♫఍ᩥ໬ྐࢆᗈࡃㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࠋḟ࡟ࠊ3.3ࠕ⩻ヂ➼౯ࠖࠊ3.4ࠕ⩻ヂࢩࣇࢺࠖࠊ3.5ࠕ⩻ヂࢫࢺࣛࢸࢪ࣮ࠖࠊ
3.6ࠕ⩻ヂࣉࣟࢭࢫࠖ࡜࠸࠺ㄽⅬࡢ㡰࡟ㅖ⌮ㄽࢆศᯒ࣭ᢈホࡋࡓࠋ⩻ヂ࡜࠸࠺ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥฟ᮶஦࡟࠾࠸࡚ㄒ⏝ㄽⓗ࣭ᶵ⬟ⓗ➼౯ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢥ࣮ࢻ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ஧ゝㄒࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠕࢩࣇࢺࠖࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡲࡓຠᯝⓗ࡟➼౯ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࠕࢫࢺࣛࢸࢪ࣮ࠖ࡟ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡋ࡚➼౯ᵓ⠏ࡢࡓࡵࡢࠕ㸦ㄆ▱㸧ࣉࣟࢭࢫࠖࡣ࡝࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ࡜࠸࠺ㅖㄽⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭱ᚋ࡟➼౯Ꮫㄝࡢ♫఍ⓗᶵ⬟࡟222Ꮫ఩ㄽᩥせ᪨ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊືⓗ➼౯ㄽࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋ ḟ࡟ࠊ➨ 4 ❶࡛ࡣ௨ୗࡢࠕ♫఍➼౯ㄽࠖࠕ➼౯ㄗㅸㄽࠖࠕ➼౯㉸㉺ㄽࠖࠕ➼౯ከᵝᛶㄽࠖࡢㅖᏛㄝࢆศᯒ᳨࣭ウࡋࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊ4.1 ࡛⩻ヂࢆ♫఍⾜Ⅽ࡜ࡋ࡚ぢࡿどⅬ࠿ࡽㅖᏛㄝࢆᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠕ♫఍➼౯ㄽࠖࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡣࠕࢸࢡࢫࢺࢱ࢖ࣉㄽࠖࠕ┠ⓗ㸦ࢫࢥ࣏ࢫ㸧⌮ㄽࠖࠕࣞࢪࢫࢱ࣮ศᯒࠖࠕከඖࢩࢫࢸ࣒⌮ㄽࠖࠕ⩻ヂつ⠊ㄽࠖ࡞࡝ࢆㄽⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣ୺࡟┠ᶆゝㄒᩥ໬ࡢ࡞࠿࡛⩻ヂࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞♫఍ⓗᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࠿ࢆㄽࡌࡿᏛㄝ⩌࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ḟ࡟ࠊ4.2 ࡛ᩥ໬ⓗ࣭࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ⓗ㌿ᅇࢆ㐙ࡆࡓ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⩻ヂᏛࡢㅖᏛㄝ⩌࡛࠶ࡿࠕ⩻ヂㄗㅸㄽࠖࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ⩻ヂ⾜Ⅽࡢゝㄒⓗഃ㠃࠿ࡽ┠ࢆ♫఍ⓗ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗ࣭ᨻ἞ⓗࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢ࡯࠺࡬ྥࡅࡓᏛㄝ⩌࡛ࠊࠕ᭩ࡁ᥮࠼࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⩻ヂࠖࠕࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ࣮ࡢ⩻ヂࠖࠕ࣏ࢫࢺࢥࣟࢽ࢔ࣝ⩻ヂ⌮ㄽࠖࠕ⩻ヂࡢ㸦୙㸧ྍどᛶࠖࠕ೔⌮ᛶ࡜␗໬⩻ヂࠖࠕ⩻ヂࡢᶒຊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࠖ࡞࡝ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ⩻ヂᏛ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕᩥ໬⌮ㄽࠖ࡜఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࠊゝㄒⓗ࡞➼౯ࡔࡅ࡟㆟ㄽࡢ↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᢈุࡍࡿ࠸ࢃࡤࠕ➼౯ㄗㅸㄽ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ4.3 ࡛ࡣࠕ➼౯㉸㉺ㄽࠖ࡜㢟ࡋࠊ⩻ヂࡀ๓ᥦ࡜ࡍࡿព࿡ࡢఏ㐩࡜࠸࠺๓ᥦⓗ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࢆཎ⌮ⓗ࡟ၥ࠸┤ࡍ▱ⓗ㐠ື࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ⩻ヂဴᏛࡸ⩻ヂᛮ᝿ࡀᢅ࠺ၥ㢟⣔ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋ➼౯ᴫᛕ࡛ࡣゎỴࡢࡘ࠿࡞࠸ゝㄒࡢࠕ௚⪅ᛶࠖࠕ␗㉁ᛶࠖ
ࠕࡼࡅ࠸࡞ࡶࡢࠖ࡜࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྥࡁྜ࠸㉸ඞࡍࡿ࠿ࠊ➼౯ࢆ࡝࠺㉸㉺ࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࠊ⩻ヂ⪅ࡢ౑࿨ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿᆅᖹࡀࠕ➼౯㉸㉺ㄽ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡟ 4.4 ࡛ࠊ⩻ヂࢆࡵࡄࡿࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡜ࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢከᵝᛶ࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡓࠊ
ࠕ➼
౯ከᵝᛶㄽࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ⩻ヂࡢศ㔝࣭ࢪࣕࣥࣝࡢከᵝ໬࡟కࡗ࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ➼౯ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡀከᵝ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࠊ࠸ࡃ࠿ࡢࢪࣕࣥࣝࡢ≉Ṧᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゝཬࡋࡓࠋࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢከᵝᛶࡣࠊ୺࡟⩻ヂྐ࡜࠸࠺᫬㛫㍈࡜ࠊᆅᇦู࡜࠸࠺✵㛫㍈࡜ࡢᵝࠎ࡞஺Ⅼࡀ⧊ࡾᡂࡍከᵝᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᮏ✏࡛ࡣࡑࡢㄽཬࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿ࡟␃ࡵࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㆟ㄽࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊ➨ 5 ❶࡛ࡣ⩻ヂ➼౯ᛶࠊࡘࡲࡾࡣ⩻ヂ⮬యࢆࡵࡄࡿ࢖ࢹ࢜
ࣟࢠ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓࠋࡲࡎ 5.1 ࡛ࠊ◊✲㸦⪅㸧ࡢ❧ࡕ఩⨨ࡸࢫࢱࣥࢫࠊ┠ⓗࡸ㐩ᡂࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ⌮ㄽⓗᶵ⬟࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⩻ヂࡸ➼౯ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᴫᛕ໬㸦࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ໬㸧ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡋࠊグ㏙ⓗ⩻ヂ◊✲ࡢ㠀୰❧ᛶ࣭࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮㈇Ⲵᛶ࡞࡝ࢆぢ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ࠺࠼࡛ࠊ㛵୚ⓗ࣭௓ධⓗ⩻ヂ◊✲ࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ㢮ᆺ࡟ศࡅ࡚ศᯒࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ5.2 ࡛ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢㅖ⌮ㄽࡢ┦ᑐ໬ࢆᅗࡾࡘࡘ඲యࡢᕸ⨨ࢆ⣲ᥥࡋࡓࠋ᭱ᚋ࡟➨ 6 ❶࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ♫఍グྕㄽ࡟౫ᣐࡋࡓゝㄒグྕࡢከᒙⓗᶵ⬟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚☜ㄆࡋࡘࡘࠊ⩻ヂ࣓ࢱ⌮ㄽ◊✲ࡢㄢ㢟ࡢ᳨ド࡜௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡓࠋ ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟⩻ヂ◊✲ࡢㅖᏛㄝࡢ㸺඲యീ㸼ࢆぢᤣ࠼ࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࠊᮏ✏ࡀศᯒ᳨࣭ウࡍࡿ⩻ヂ➼౯࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅖᏛㄝࡀࠊ༢࡟᫬௦㐜ࢀࡢ➼౯ᮏ㉁ㄽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ↓ព࿡࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࿘⦕໬ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㸺➼౯ᵓ⠏㸼࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࠊ⩻ヂ⾜Ⅽࡢ♫఍ᩥ໬ྐⓗࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࠊ⩻ヂ⪅࣭⩻ヂ◊✲⪅ࡢゝㄒ࣭⩻ヂ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࠊ⩻ヂࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢ➼223

ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘15 ྕ㸦2015㸧౯ᵓ⠏ᛶࡢ୕ഃ㠃ࡢ᭷ᶵⓗ࡞┦஫㐃㛵ࢆ⪃࠼࡞ࡀࡽࠊࠕ♫఍㸫⩻ヂ⪅㸫ゝㄒࠖࡢ㛵ಀᛶࡢཎ⌮ⓗ࡞ゎ᫂ࢆ⾜࠺どⅬ࡟❧ࡗࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࡢࠕ⩻ヂ➼౯ㄽࠖࢆ᳨ドࡋࡘࡘࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ㄽࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚ࡺࡃྍ⬟ᛶࢆᒎᮃࡋࡓࡢࡀᮏ✏ࡢ㊃᪨࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ⤖ㄽࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸯㸬࣑ࢡࣟࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⩻ヂࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ TT e = f (s, t, i) ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⩻ヂࢸࢡࢫࢺ (TT e ) ࡣ (s) ㉳Ⅼࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆᣦᶆࡋࠊ(t) ┠ᶆゝㄒෆࡢ௚ࡢ㢮ఝࡍࡿࢸࢡࢫࢺ
ࢆᣦᶆࡋࠊࡉࡽ࡟ (i) ࣓ࢱㄒ⏝ⓗ෇⎔ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ࡞࠿࡛⮬㌟ࡢࢥ࣭ࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆࡶᣦ
ᶆࡋ㸦⮬㌟ࡀᒓࡍࡿࢪࣕࣥࣝࡸ⮬㌟ࡢ࢔࢖ࢹࣥࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࢆᣦᶆࡋ㸧ࠊリⓗᶵ⬟ࢆ཯ᫎࡋࡓ➼౯࡞⩻ヂࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚ࡺࡃࡢࡀ⩻ヂ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ⩻ヂࡣ୕㠃ⓗ㛫ࢸࢡࢫࢺᛶࡢᣦᶆᛶ㸦⢭☜࡟ࡣᣦᶆⓗ㢮ീᛶ㸧ࢆࡶࡗࡓࠊᙅ࠸൤♩ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢᣦᶆࡢ୕㠃ᛶࡀ⩻ヂࢆ⩻ヂࡓࡽࡋࡵࡿ᭱኱ࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢ 3 ࡘࡢᣦᶆᛶࡢ஺Ⅼࡀ࣓ࢱㄒ⏝ⓗࣇ࣮࣒ࣞ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚❧ࡕ⌧ࢀࠊ⌮ᛕⓗ࡟ࡣࡇࡢ 3 ኚᩘࡢภᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ♫఍グྕㄽ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢ f ࠊࡘࡲࡾ࣓ࢱㄒ⏝ゎ㔘࡟ࡼࡿࢸࢡࢫࢺ໬ࡢᶵ⬟㸦࣓ࢱㄒ⏝ㄽⓗ⦅ᡂຊ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᩘከࡃࡢ♫఍ᶵ⬟ᛶࡀྠ᫬ከⓎࡍࡿࡢࡀゝㄒࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⾜Ⅽࡢᐇ㝿࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊ⩻ヂ◊✲ࡢᩥ⬦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊㄆ▱ⓗ࣭ㄒᙡព࿡ㄽⓗഃ㠃ࡢ㢮ീⓗ࡞➼౯ᵓ⠏⾜Ⅽࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟⩻ヂ◊✲⪅ࡢព㆑ࡣ㞟୰ࡋࡀࡕ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ⩻ヂ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ♫఍ᣦᶆᛶ㸦๓ᥦⓗᣦᶆ࡜๰ฟⓗᣦᶆ㸧࡜㇟ᚩᛶ㸦⩻ヂ࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮㸧ࡀᚲ↛ⓗ࡟㈇Ⲵ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࣓ࢱㄒ⏝ㄽⓗ⦅ᡂຊ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⌮ㄽ໬ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ஢ゎࡉࢀࡓࠋ  ࡲࡓࠊᑓࡽ⩻ヂࡢྜ┠ⓗᛶ࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡿᏛㄝࠊ⩻ヂ⪅ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ෆࡢつ⠊࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡿᏛㄝࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⩻ヂࡢ㠀ྜ┠ⓗᛶ࣭࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ᛶࢆ๓ᬒ໬ࡉࡏ࡚ࡑࡢᨵၿࢆᅗࡿ♫఍ᨵⰋ୺⩏ࡢᏛㄝࠊ㉳Ⅼ㸻┠ᶆࡢ஧㡯ᑐ❧ࡸព࿡ࡢఏ㐩⮬యࢆ⬺ᵓ⠏࣭ゎయࡍࡿဴᏛ࣭ᛮ᝿⣔ࡢᏛㄝ࡞࡝ከᒱ࡟ரࡿᏛㄝࡀᩘከࡃᥦฟࡉࢀ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ♫఍グྕㄽࢆᅵྎ࡟ࠊ⩻ヂฟ᮶஦ࡢ࠸ࡲ࣭ࡇࡇࢆᇶⅬ࡟ࡋࡓ⩻ヂㄽࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࠊྛㄽⅬࡢᒎ㛤࡜ㅖㄽⅬ㛫ࡢయ⣔໬ࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊㅖㄝࡀ⩻ヂ⾜Ⅽ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⩻ヂࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ♫఍ᩥ໬ྐⓗࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡜࠸࠺඲యࡢᕸ⨨ࡢ࡞࠿࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞఩⨨ࢆ༨ࡵࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶㄽࡌࡓࠋ㸰㸬⩻ヂࢆࡵࡄࡿ࣐ࢡࣟࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ♫఍ᩥ໬ྐⓗࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆࡶᑕ⛬࡟ධࢀࡿ࡜ࠊ⩻ヂࡢከḟඖⓗ➼౯ᛶࡣࠊ㸦㸯㸧ࢸࢡࢫࢺ࣭ゝㄒ࣭♫఍ࡢ♫఍ⓗ㝵ᒙෆ࡛ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣉࣞ࢖ࠊཬࡧࠊ㸦㸰㸧㉳Ⅼࢸࢡࢫࢺ࣭┠ᶆ㢮ఝࢸࢡࢫࢺ࣭⩻ヂ⪅ಶேࡢᩥయࡢᣦᶆⓗ㢮ീᛶࢆ཯ᫎࡋࡓ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣉࣞ࢖࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㘒⥈ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⏕㉳ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡟ࡋ࡚⩻ヂฟ᮶஦ࡢ୍ᅇᛶ࣭ᅛ᭷ᛶ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⩻ヂࢸࢡࢫࢺࡀ୍ᅇ୍ᅇᵓ⠏ࡉࢀᒎ㛤ࡉࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺⌮ㄽᵓᡂࢆ࡜ࢀࡤࠊ⩻ヂࢆࡵࡄࡿࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡜ࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢᯫᶫࡀ༑඲࡟⾜࠼ࡿ⌮ㄽⓗᯟ⤌ࡳࡀᥦ♧࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮏ✏ࡢ⤖ㄽ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㸦㸯㸧ࡢ࣐ࢡࣟ♫఍ⓗ࡞せ⣲࡜ࠊ㸦㸰㸧ࡢ࣑ࢡࣟ♫఍ⓗ࡞ࢸࢡࢫࢺせ⣲࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⩻ヂ◊✲⪅ࡢྜ⌮ⓗ࡞ㄆ㆑࣭ゎ㔘ࡣ㸦㸯㸧࡜㸦㸰㸧࡜࡛㱈㱒ࢆ⏕ࡌࠊ≉࡟␗໬࡞࡝ࡢ⩻ヂࢫࢺ224

Ꮫ఩ㄽᩥせ᪨ࣛࢸࢪ࣮࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⩻ヂㅖ⌮ㄽࡣ㸦㸯㸧࡜㸦㸰㸧ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࢆࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞♫఍ᩥ໬ྐⓗࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࠿ࡽ═ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ṇᙜ࡟ホ౯ࡋ࠺ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ㸨 ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࠕ⩻ヂࠖࠋ␗㉁࡞ࡶࡢ࡜ࡢᏳ᫆࡞
ጇ༠࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ௚⪅ࡢ␗㉁ᛶ࡟ࡶ⮬ᕫࡢ␗㉁ᛶ࡟ࡶᛅᐇ࡟࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁ࡜࠸࠺೔⌮ࢆᥖࡆ࡚⩻ヂ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⮬❧ⓗ࠿ࡘ๰㐀ⓗ࡟ࠊከᩥ໬࣭ከゝㄒ࡛࠶ࡿୡ⏺ࡢከᵝᛶࢆ⥔ᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡃୖ࡛ࡶࠊ⮬ศࡢ୰࡟࠶ࡿከᵝᛶࢆ⫱ࡴୖ࡛ࡶ኱ษ࡞Ⴀࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ᮏ✏ࡢ⤖ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎᮃࡋࡓࠋ
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࠙ⴭ⪅⤂௓ࠚ
ἙཎΎᚿ㸦KAWAHARA Kiyoshi㸧㔠ᇛᏛ㝔኱ᏛᩥᏛ㒊෸ᩍᤵࠋᑓ㛛ࡣ㏻ヂ⩻ヂᏛࠊㄆ▱ゝㄒᏛࠊ♫఍グྕㄽࠊゝㄒᛮ᝿ㄽࠊⱥㄒᩍ⫱ࠋᏛၥㄒ⏝ㄽࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࠊ㏻ヂ࣭⩻ヂ࣭ゝㄒ࣭ἲᚊ࣭࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࣭ᩍ⫱࡞࡝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⌮ㄽゝㄝࡢ࣓ࢱ⌮ㄽ◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࠋ......................................................

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