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Japan Fluid Power AssociationWater :Energysaving
Environment

the new power
for machines !

Rebirth of "hydraulic drive"
technology in our age - II
Aqua Drive System
The new water hydraulics technology
Water, which is essential to life and livelihood
Now that we need to address environmental issues
on a global scale, a technology to use water to drivemachines receives a renewed attention.

Aqua Drive System: New Water Hydraulics

What is ADS?					The hydraulic technology to use tap water as a pressure medium already existed
in the 18th century Europe. The water hydraulic technology at that time had many
issues, such as fall in efficiency due to water leakage, abrasion and friction due tothe low viscosity of water, and deterioration of material from rust.									Since then, various kinds of water-based working fluid with improved rustprevention property, corrosion resistance and lubricity have been invented andused in a wide range of applications, ranging from press machines and mining
machines to steel manufacturing equipments where fire risk is a major concern.
Water hydraulic drive systems, generally, have so far been interpreted to represent“water hydraulics” in a broader sense to include water-based working fluids.								On the other hand, the Aqua Drive System (ADS) only uses tap water or purewater as the working fluid, unlike the conventional hydraulic drive technology.								JFPA expects that the ADS will make substantial contributions to the mechanicalindustry in the areas of eco-friendliness, safety, sanitation, resource saving andenergy saving.
To further develop the ADS, study activities are undertaken with JFPA playing
the central role on topics, such as Universal ADS (Uni-ADS) which uses the waterpressure of water piping network and Steam Turbine ADS (St-ADS).								The ADS technology is not an alternative to each of the existing driving sources,
such as oil hydraulic, pneumatic or electric drives.
The purpose of the ADS technology is to provide a “system solution” which
enhances advantage ofthe system as a whole andMarket changes
minimizes the environmentalrisk.								Environment,
Safety and sanitation,
Resource saving,
Energy saving

ADS
technology

Cost

Oil-freeOverall assessment through LCA

Progress of technology

FAQ on ADS• So, what is St-ADS?
St-ADS (steam turbine ADS) is an energy saving system that generates highpressure water by hydraulic pumps directly connected to the turbines which arerotated with exhausted heat or excess steam in a factory.

• So, what is Uni-ADS? What is the pressure level of the water
piping network?
Uni-ADS (universal ADS) is a next-generation hydraulic drive system that makes
use of the pressure of water piping network. The reference pressure of water
piping is 0.15-0.74 MPa, and the proper pressure is 0.25-0.4 MPa.

• So, what is ADS-Robo.?
ADS-Robo. (ADS robotics) means a moving element capable of two-degree-offreedom movement that combines rotational and linear motions. It is widelyused in general industrial machines and robots.

• What are the purposes of the hydraulic system users, and how
do they rate them?
The users judge the ADS to be most appropriate after they havecomprehensively evaluated various drive systems. Hence the ADS is adopted tosolve their problems.

• What are the companies that supply hydraulic equipments?
We have made the “Aqua Drive System (new water hydraulics) Supplier List”
available.
Please visit our website (http://www.jfpa.biz) or contact us directly.
The world of ADS and use of water - Aqua drive net system (image)Fire ladder truck(rescue equipment)"Universal design" apartment building(including movable household equipment )Apartment building for the elderly
Medium-rise housing
Rain water

Semiconductors / IT parts factory
Waste water
treatment plant
Food factory Pump station

Solar panel

Use of water
piping networkpressure

Waste water
treatment plant
High-pressure
pump station

Large-scale meat
processing plant
Multi-purpose event hall

Hydraulicelevator

Wind power generation
ReservoirMedical/welfare facility
Solar panel
Low/medium-pressure
booster pump station

Movable stands

Water piping
drives medical/welfare equipments
Underground car park,
public undergroundpassage

Pool with movable floor

Industrial waste
waterPile driver

ManholeRain watercollecting
pipe
ShovelSmallhydroelectric
power generation

Pumpingplant・Dam・Fishway・Gate
Water gate opening/closing device

Water/tide prevention plate2

Aqua Drive System: New Water Hydraulics

What are the ADS application areas?
High pressure

Oil hydraulic drive(oil hydraulic)Construction machinery

Rolling mill, steel plant

ADS market
Medium pressure

Pressure level(electricity/water hydraulic)Electric drive

IT/electronic medical component parts/plastic molding machine

General plastic molding machine

Semiconductor/optical device molding machineWork around thermal power station/nuclear reactor dismantling machine

Steam Turbine
Aqua Drive System (St-ADS)
and Universal Aqua Drive System (Uni-ADS)

Machine tool

ADS Robotics (ADS-Robo.)
Large-scale meat processing plantIndustrial
robot machine

Low pressure

Simple conveyance and assembly machine(pneumatic/water hydraulic)Electric machine

Exhaust heat utilization apparatus at incineration plant/steelworks

Transportation machine

Precision machine

Water/tide prevention gate

Pneumatic drive
General machine

Food machine

Water treatment plantBarrier free-universal design household equipment
Medical/healthcare equipments

Welfare equipments

Water piping network pressure drive

Ultra-low pressure(pneumatic/water supply pressure)

Low

Degree of demand for cleanness

High

St-ADS：Steam Turbine Aqua Drive System
Uni-ADS：Universal Aqua Drive System
ADS-Robo.：ADS Robotics

ADS is used for such applictions …

Automatic chicken breast deboner

Automatic pork shoulder deboner

Hydraulic lift for bathing care

Hydraulic driven catheter

Special bathing device

Hydraulic driven linear actuator

Water prevention plateTokyo Fire Department, Fire Technology Section＊）

Meat slicer

Endoscopic surgery assist robot

Hydraulic jack up robot

Hydraulic lifter

Fire fighting cutter driven by high-pressure water ＊）Aqua Drive System: New Water Hydraulics

Green Innovation begins with ADSrobotics
Servo control with linear drive system
Verification experiments were conducted
on a test system placed on the samestraight line as the cylinder.
It was confirmed that the accuracy ofhydraulic cylinder control was achieved asfollows:・Positioning accuracy: 0.1 mm
・Settling time: 4 s・Overshoot: 0.1 mm
Servo control with rotational
drive system
Verification experiments wereconducted on the hydraulic servo
control of a rotational drive systemwidely used in general industries.
The experiments on the servo
control on a rotational drive systemwith hydraulic motor verified thestationary error of 1°or below instep responses, a level of control
allowing application in generalindustries.

Inertial load
Reduction gear
Hydraulic motor

Hydraulic pump

Robotics with two degrees of
freedom
Verification experiments wereconducted on robotics with twodegrees of freedom, combining
linear and rotational motions
widely used in general industrial
machines.
The stationary errors of linear
and rotational systems were
0.3 mm or below and 1° or below
respectively, demonstrating
the level of control allowing
application in general industries.

Hydraulic servo valve

Rotation radius: 300 mm

Hydraulic cylinder
Pressure sensor

Displacement sensor

Pressure sensor

Hydraulic motor

Pressure sensor

Servo valve
Servo valve
Hydraulic unit

Rotation: 180°

Stroke: 200 mm

Motorprotectioncircuit
Pressure sensor

This project was carried out with a subsidy from KEIRIN.
Development of ultra-precision machine
tool using ADS high-precision drive
Application and required performance of ultra-precision machine tool
(1) What to make?: High-accuracy products, such as metal molds for various
lenses and silicon wafers(2) What level of accuracy required?: Processing accuracy of a few nm to tensof nm(3) What are needed?: Processing devices with high accuracy of motion, highrigidity and high thermal stability.
Advantages of ADS(1) Low viscosity, (2) High thermal conductivity (to the air or oil),(3) Cleanness (semiconductor manufacturing equipment)

Water drive spindle• Water drive spindle
The water drive spindle rotates at the highspeed, high-accuracy rate of 10,000 rpm,
by forming a water flow channel inside therotation shaft supported by a hydrostaticpressure bearing and running the water
through the channel at around 20L/min.
Further, as the water flowing inside therotation shaft is temperature-controlled, ahigh level of thermal stability is obtained.

• Water drive linear motion table
A high-accuracy linear motion table is anindispensable prerequisite for the ultraprecision machine tool. A water drive linear
motion table drives a table, which is in a
floating state with the hydrostatic pressure
bearing, with the hydraulic drive in a noncontact manner. In particular, since the driving
force is applied on the table's center of gravity,a high degree of motional accuracy is obtained.

Water drive linear motion table• Minuature water drive ultra-precision
processing system
A minuature-sized ultra-precision processing
system has been developed, combining awater drive spindle and a water drive linear
motion table. This processing device can beused for creating a mirror surface made by aProcessing systemcutting work.
– All rights reserved –Japan Fluid Power Association
Kikai Shinko Building Room 311, 3-5-8 Shibakoen, Minato-ku Tokyo 105-0011
TEL: +81-3-3433-5391 FAX: +81-3-3433-3354■ JFPA-URL
http://www.jfpa.biz■ The world of ADS (JP)http://www.jfpa.biz/wp-content/uploads/jfpa_whwg2.pdf■ Weblog on hydraulics (JP)http://aquadrive1999.blog129.fc2.com/■ Technical writing/translation
http://www.kontecs.com/en/

September, 2014