<ሗ࿌>䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 JAITS

་⒪㏻ヂ僔ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䯍ᅜෆእ僔ẚ㍑僸㏻傾僌兠኱㔝┤Ꮚ 1 䢢 㔝ᔱ僛傻傮 2(ᅜ㝿ᇶ╩ᩍ኱Ꮫ 1 㻌 ᖇி኱Ꮫ 1㻌 ᮾி኱Ꮫ 1 The Occupational English Test Centre 2)

There is a pressing need for trained community interpreters around the world. However, theprofessionalization of community interpreting presents many challenges. In order to meetthese challenges, several standards of practice have been developed by organizations
concerned with community interpreting. This study aims to analyze standards of practice ofseveral countries, with the focus on medical interpreting. We reviewed five documents in
English and Japanese, all of which included accuracy, confidentiality, and impartiality as key
standards. The review describes the degree of maturation of national standards of practicefor community interpreters in those countries. We conclude with a suggestion that creating
shared standards of practice and relating it to a code of ethics and training could pave theway for further development in the quality of community interpreting, and recognition ofcommunity interpreting as a profession.
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1. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
᪥ᮏ䜢ゼ䜜䜛እᅜே᪑⾜⪅䛜䚸2013 ᖺ䛻ึ䜑䛶ᖺ㛫 1000 ୓ே䜢✺◚䛧䛯䚹㏆ᖺ䛾䜾䝻䞊䝞䝹໬䛾ὶ䜜䛻䜘䜚䚸᮶᪥ほගᐈ䛿ቑຍ䛾୍㏵䜢䛯䛹䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹2013 ᖺ䛻 2020 ᖺ䛾ᮾி஬
㍯㛤ദ䛜Ỵ䜎䜚䚸䜎䛩䜎䛩ከ䛟䛾እᅜே䛾ゼ᪥䛜ぢ㎸䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹እᅜே䛾ゼ᪥䛻ຍ䛘䚸䜰䝆䜰ྛᆅ䛻䛚䛡䜛་⒪ほග (すᮧ 2011) 䛜䜎䛩䜎䛩┒䜣䛻䛺䜚䚸᪥ᮏ䛷䜒䚸୍㒊䛾་⒪ᶵ㛵䛷እᅜேᝈ⪅䛾ཷ䛡ධ䜜䜢ጞ䜑䛶䛔䜛 (ᕝෆ 2011䠗 ୰ᕝ䞉ከஂ࿴ 2012)䚹እᅜே་⒪䛾ၥ㢟䛸䛧䛶䛿䚸ゝㄒ⩦ᚓ䛜୙༑ศ䛷䛒䜛ሙྜ䚸ྠ୍ゝㄒ䛷䛾デ⒪䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䚸ㄗゎ䜔䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁୙඲䛻㝗䜚䜔䛩䛔䛺䛹䛾Ⅼ䛜䛒䜛 (Harmsen, J. A. M., Meeuwesen, L., Wieringen, J.,
Bernsen, R., Bruijnzeels, M.., 2003; Laveist & Nuru-Jeter, 2002; Murray-García et al., 2000;
Saha, S., Komaromy, M., Koepsell, T. D., Bindman, A. B., 1999; Schouten, B. C. &Meeuwesen, L., 2006)䚹䜎䛯䚸Stewart㻌 (1995)㻌 䛻䜘䜜䜀䚸་ᖌᝈ⪅㛫䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛜

ONO Naoko & NOJIMA Fusae, “Standards of Practice for Community Interpreting: Insights froma Review of Five Standards,” Interpreting and Translation Studies, No. 14, 2014. pages 243-257. © by
the Japan Association for Interpreting and Translation Studies

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ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ (2014)Ⰻዲ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛸䚸ᝈ⪅䛾೺ᗣ䜰䜴䝖䜹䝮䛿┦㛵䛩䜛䚹೺ᗣ᱁ᕪ䜢㜵䛞෇⁥䛺䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ᐇ⌧䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䚸ᅾ᪥䚸ゼ᪥እᅜே䛸᪥ᮏ䛾་⒪䜢䛴䛺䛠Ꮡᅾ䛜་⒪㏻ヂ䛷䛒䜚䚸䛭䛾㔜せᛶ䛿䜎䛩䜎䛩㧗䜎䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸ᡃ䛜ᅜ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛿䜎䛰᏶඲䛻ᩚഛ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛸䛿ゝ䛔㞴䛔䚹་⒪㏻ヂ䛻㛵䛩䜛බⓗ䛺㈨᱁䛜䛺䛔䛯䜑䚸Ẹ㛫ᅋయ䛺䛹䛜⫱ᡂ䜢ᢸ䛳䛶䛚䜚ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏䛻䛿ᆅᇦᕪ䛜䛒䜛㻌 (኱㔝㻌 2013)䚹䛭䛧䛶䚸་⒪㏻ヂ䛾㉁䜢ಖド䛩䜛ᇶ‽䛻䛴䛔䛶䜒䚸ᆅᇦ䛻䜘䛳䛶␗䛺䜛䛾䛜⌧≧䛷䛒䜛䚹䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺≧ἣ䛾୰䛷䚸2011 ᖺ䛻་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛜సᡂ䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸㏻ヂ䜢ྲྀ䜚ᕳ䛟⎔ቃᩚഛ䛜㐍䜣䛷䛔䜛䚹᪥ᮏ䛷ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛜సᡂ䛥䜜䜛௨๓䜘䜚䚸ᾏእ䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒ྠᵝ䛾ᇶ‽䛜タ䛡䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䛜䚸䛣䜜䜎䛷ᅜෆእ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾ẚ㍑䛻
㛵䛧䛶䛿䜎䛰◊✲ᑐ㇟䛸䛿䛥䜜䛶䛣䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹ᮏ✏䛷䛿䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䚸≉䛻་⒪㏻ヂ䛻↔Ⅼ䜢ᙜ䛶䛶䚸ᅜෆእ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䜢ẚ㍑ศ
ᯒ䛧䚸ඹ㏻Ⅼ䛸┦㐪Ⅼ䜢᫂䜙䛛䛻䛩䜛䚹䛭䛧䛶䚸௒ᚋ䛾ㄢ㢟䛻䛴䛔䛶᳨ウ䛩䜛䚹㻌 ᑐ㇟䛸䛺䜛ᇶ‽䛿䚸᪥ᮏ䛾䛄་⒪㏻ヂඹ㏻ᇶ‽ 2010䛅(་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ᇶ‽䜢᳨ウ䛩䜛༠఍2010) 䚸 䜹 䝘 䝎 䛾 㻌 “National Standard Guide for Community Interpreting Services”(Healthcare Interpretation Network, HIN)䚸䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰䛾 “AUSIT Code of Ethics andCode of Conduct” (Australian Institute of Interpreters & Translators, AUSIT)䚸䜰䝯䝸䜹䛾“Medical Interpreting Standards of Practice” (International Medical Interpreters Association,
IMIA)䚸 “National standards of practice for interpreters in health care” (National Council onInterpreting in Health Care, NCIHC) 䛷䛒䜛䚹䛣䜜䜙䜢㑅䜣䛰⌮⏤䛿䚸䛄་⒪㏻ヂඹ㏻ᇶ‽2010䛅䛿᪥ᮏ䛷၏୍䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛻䛒䜚䚸䛭䛾௚䛿䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛜ẚ㍑ⓗ㐍䜣䛷䛔䜛ᅜ䛷඲ᅜⓗ䛻ㄆ▱䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛⫋⬟ᅋయ䚸㠀Ⴀ฼⤌⧊䛻䜘䜚సᡂ䛥䜜䛯ᇶ‽䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛䚹
2. ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕㏻ヂ࡜ࡣ䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛿䚸䛂ྖἲ䚸་⒪䚸⾜ᨻ䝃䞊䝡䝇䜢୰ᚰ䛻䚸᪥ᮏ䛷ᬽ䜙䛧䛶䛔䜛እᅜே䛾ゝⴥ䛾ၥ㢟䜢ᑐฎ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻ᚲせ䛸䛥䜜䜛䛃㏻ヂ⪅䛷䚸䛂䛄఍㆟㏻ヂ䛅䜔䛄䝡䝆䝛䝇㏻ヂ䛅䛸䛿␗䛺䜛䛃 (Ỉ㔝 2008) 䛸䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹఍㆟㏻ヂ䛸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾㐪䛔䜢⾲ 1 䛻♧䛩䚹
఍㆟㏻ヂ䛸䛿␗䛺䜚䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛿䚸䝺䝆䝇䝍䞊䛜㠀ᖖ䛻䝣䜷䞊䝬䝹䛺ሙྜ䛛䜙㠀ᖖ䛻䜲䞁䝣䜷䞊䝬䝹䛺ሙྜ䜎䛷ከᒱ䛻䜟䛯䜚䚸䝋䞊䝇ゝㄒ䛸ヂฟゝㄒ䛾ヂฟ᪉ἲ䛜཮᪉ྥ䛷䚸ヰ⪅䛻≀⌮ⓗ䛻㏆䛟䚸䜔䜚䛸䜚䛻ᐦ᥋䛻㛵䜟䜚䚸▷䛔㏲ḟ䠄ᑐヰ䠅䚸㛗䛔㏲ḟ䚸ྠ᫬䠄䜴䜱䝇䝟䝸䞁䜾䠅䚸䝃䜲䝖䝖䝷䞁䝇䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛺䛹ᵝ䚻䛺ᙧᘧ䛷ᵝ䚻䛺ᑐ㇟⪅䛻ྥ䛡䛶 1 ே䛷㏻ヂ䜢⾜䛖䛸䛔䛖≉ᚩ䜢ᣢ䛴䚹

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་⒪㏻ヂࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽⾲ 1㻌 ఍㆟㏻ヂ䛸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾୺䛺㐪䛔 1)఍㆟㏻ヂ䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ

⇍ㄒ䜔䝆䝵䞊䜽䛺䛹୍㒊䜲䞁㠀ᖖ 䛻䝣䜷䞊䝬䝹䛺ሙ ྜ䛛䝣䜷䞊䝬䝹䛺䜒䛾䜒䛒䜛䛜୍䜙㠀ᖖ䛻䜲䞁䝣䜷䞊䝬䝹䛺ሙ⯡ⓗ䛻䛿䝣䜷䞊䝬䝹ྜ䜎䛷ከᒱ䛻䜟䛯䜛ヂฟ᪉ྥ䜋䛸䜣䛹䛾ሙྜ୍᪉ྥ

཮᪉ྥ

㏆᥋ᛶ

୍⯡ⓗ䛻䝤䞊䝇ෆ䛷ヰ⪅䛸ヰ ⪅䛻㏆ 䛟䚸䜔䜚䛸䜚䛻ᐦ ᥋䛿㞳䜜䛶䛔䜛

䛻㛵䜟䜛 2)୍⯡ⓗ䛻ᶵჾ䜢⏝䛔䛯ྠ᫬▷䛔㏲ḟ䠄ᑐヰ䠅䚸㛗䛔㏲㏻ヂ䚸㏲ḟ䛾ሙྜ䜒䛒䜚ḟ 䚸 ྠ ᫬ 䠄 䜴 䜱䝇䝟 䝸䞁䜾䠅 䚸

䝺䝆䝇䝍䞊

㏻ヂᙧᘧ

䝃䜲䝖䝖䝷䞁䝇䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛺䛹
ᵝ䚻䛺ᙧᘧ
ᑐ㇟⪅

ᑓ㛛ᐙ

ᵝ䚻䛺ᑐ㇟⪅㏻ヂ⪅䛾ேᩘ

2 ே䠄䝏䞊䝮䛷㏻ヂ䠅

1 ே䠄1 ே䛷㏻ヂ䠅

1)community interpreter䠄Hale䚸2007䠅 䜘䜚ᘬ⏝䚸ᢤ⢋䛾䛖䛘ヂ2)㟁ヰ㏻ヂ䛺䛹䛾㐲㝸㏻ヂ䜢㝖䛟

3. ඹ㏻ᇶ‽࡜ࡣ㸸೔⌮つᐃ࡜ࡢ㐪࠸
ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛸䛿䚸䛔䜟䜖䜛೔⌮つᐃ䛸䛿␗䛺䜛䚹೔⌮つᐃ䛻䛴䛔䛶 AUSIT (2012) 䛿䛂ᐇ㝿
䛻㏻ヂ䜢⾜䛖㝿䛾Ỵ᩿䛾ᣦᶆ䛸䛺䜛౯್ほ䜔ཎ๎䛃䛸ᐃ⩏䛵䛡䚸Ỉ㔝 (2005) 䛿䛂⫋㈐䜢㐙
⾜䛩䜛㝿䛻䚸䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺⾜ື䛜㐺ษ䛷䛒䜛䛸᫝ㄆ䛥䜜䜛䛾䛛䚸䛭䛾⫋ᴗ䛻㛵䛩䜛ၿᝏ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾ඹ᭷䛾ᨭ㓄ཎ๎䛜䛷䛝䛒䛜䜛䚹䛭䜜䛜ᙧᘧ໬䛥䜜䛯䜒䛾䛜೔⌮つᐃ䛷䛒䜛䚹䛃䛸䛩䜛䚹䛭䜜䛻ᑐ䛧ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛿䚸IMIA (2007) 䛻䜘䜜䜀䛂ᮇᚅ್䛾䝧䞊䝇䝷䜲䞁䜢ᐃ⩏䛧䛯䜒䛾䛃䛷䚸䛂㏻ヂ⪅ಶே䛜⮬㌟䛾䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䛾㉁䜢ุ᩿䛩䜛ᣦᶆ䜢ᥦ౪䛩䜛䜒䛾䛃䛷䛒䜛䛸䛥䜜䜛䚹NCIHC(2005) 䛿䚸䛂ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛿䚸ᴗົ㐙⾜䛾䛯䜑䛻㏻ヂ⪅䛜ᐇ᪋䛩䜉䛝䝍䝇䜽䜔㌟䛻╔䛡䜛䜉䛝ᢏ⾡䛃䛷䛒䜛䛸䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹೔⌮つᐃ䛸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛸䛾㐪䛔䛻䛴䛔䛶 Bancroft (2005) 䛿䛂೔⌮つᐃ䛿⡆₩䛷ᣊ᮰ຊ䜢ᣢ䛴䛜䚸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛿ヲ⣽䛷䚸㏻ヂ䛾⫋ᴗ໬䜢᥎㐍䛩䜛䛯䜑䛸ᥦ౪䛩䜛䝃䞊䝡䝇䛾㉁䜢ྥୖ䛥䛫䜛䛯䜑䛻䚸䝧䝇䝖䝥䝷䜽䝔䜱䝇䜢ᗈ䜑䜛䛣䛸䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䛃䛂೔⌮つᐃ䛿䚸ṇ䛧䛔䛣䛸䛸ㄗ䛳䛯䛣䛸䜢ㄝ᫂䛧䛶㏻ヂ⪅䛾⾜ື䛻ไ⣙䜢タ䛡䜛䛾䛻ᑐ䛧䚸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛿㉁䛾㧗䛔㏻ヂ䜢⾜䛖䛯䜑䛾ᐇົⓗ䛺ᡓ␎䜢♧䛩䛃䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䚹䜎䛯䚸䛂೔⌮つᐃ䛸␗䛺䜚䚸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛷䛿㏻ヂ⪅䛾ᙺ๭䚸ቃ⏺䚸ព࿡䚸ᩥ໬䚸䝣䝻䞊⟶⌮䛺䛹䛻䛴䛔䛶㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䛃䛸䜒グ䛧䛯䛖䛘䛷䚸䛂೔⌮つᐃ䛸
ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛿㔜」䛧䛶䛔䜛㡯┠䜒ከ䛔䛜䚸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾᪉䛜ヲ⣽䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ከ䛔䛃䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䚹
NCIHC (2005) 䛿䚸೔⌮つᐃ䜢䛂䛩䜉䛝䛣䛸 (should)䛃䚸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䜢䛂䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻䛧䛯䜙䛔䛔䛛(how)䛃䛸⾲⌧䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䛣䜜䜙䜢㞟⣙䛩䜛䛸䚸೔⌮つᐃ䛜ᴗົୖᚑ䛖䜉䛝つ⠊䛷䛒䜛䛾䛻ᑐ䛧䚸ඹ ㏻ ᇶ ‽ 䛿୍ ᐃ 䛾㉁ 䛾 ᴗ ົ 䜢⾜ 䛖䛯䜑 䛻ල య ⓗ 䛻㐩 ᡂ 䛩䜉䛝㡯 ┠ 䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜䜟 䛛䜛䚹Standards of Practice 䛻䛿ᵝ䚻䛺ヂㄒ䛜⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䛜䚸᪥ᮏ䛷 Standards of Practice 䛻┦245245ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ (2014)ᙜ䛩䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䛄་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛅䛻䛺䜙䛔䚸ᮏ✏䛷䛿ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛸䛔䛖ゝⴥ䜢⏝䛔䛯䚹
4. ᮏ✏࡛ᢅ࠺ྛ✀ඹ㏻ᇶ‽࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
4.1. ་⒪㏻ヂࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽㸦᪥ᮏ㸧䛄་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽ 2010䛅䛿䚸⌧ᅾ䝪䝷䞁䝔䜱䜰䛸䛧䛶άື䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾ከ䛔་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ᑓ㛛⫋䛸䛧䛶䛾⬟ຊ䜢㌟䛻╔䛡䜛䛖䛘䛷ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛ᑓ㛛⫋䛸䛧䛶䛾䝂䞊䝹䛸䛧䛶䛾䝺䝧䝹䛾ᣦᶆ䛸䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䛶䚸2010 ᖺ 5 ᭶䛻タ❧䛥䜜䛯䛄་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ᇶ‽䜢᳨ウ䛩䜛༠㆟఍䛅䛻䜘䜚సᡂ䛥䜜䛯䚹༠㆟఍䛿ᅜෆ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ⫱ᡂ䛻ᐇ⦼䜢ᣢ䛴ᮾす䛾 2 ኱ᅋయ䛷䛒䜛≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼άືἲேከᩥ໬ඹ⏕䝉䞁䝍䞊䛝䜗䛖䛸䛸䚸≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼άືἲேከゝㄒ♫఍䝸䝋䞊䝇䛛䛺䛜
䜟䠄MIC 䛛䛺䛜䜟䠅䛻䜘䛳䛶ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹ඹ㏻ᇶ‽సᡂ䛾┠ⓗ䛿䛂་⒪㏻ヂ䛾㛵㐃ᅋయ䛻䜘䜚ά⏝䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸䜎䛯Ꮫ⩦䜔᥇⏝㑅⪃䛾┠Ᏻ䛸䛧䛶౑⏝䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䛃䛷䛒䛳䛯 (すᮧ 2011)䚹
䛣䛾ᩥ᭩䛿኱㡯┠䚸୰㡯┠䠄ᑠ㡯┠䠅䛛䜙䛺䜛୍ぴ⾲䛾ᙧᘧ䛷䛒䜛䚹
4.2. National Standard Guide for Community Interpreting Services 㸦࢝ࢼࢲ㸧䜹䝘䝎䛿⛣Ẹ䛾ከ䛔ᅜ䛷䛒䜚䚸Industry Canada (2007) ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ 2001 ᖺ䛻䛿⛣Ẹ䛜඲ேཱྀ䛾 19䠂䜢㉸䛘䛯䚹䜹䝘䝎䛿䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛜䛔䛱᪩䛟Ⓨᒎ䛧䛶䛝䛯ᅜ䛷䛒䜛䚹 “National
Standard Guide for Community Interpreting Services” 䛿䚸2007 ᖺ䛻䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾ᑂᰝ䚸◊ಟ䚸㞠⏝䚸䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䝏䜵䝑䜽➼䛻౑⏝䛷䛝䜛ᇶ‽䛸䛧䛶タᐃ䛥䜜䛯䚸་⒪㏻ヂ䚸ྖ
ἲ㏻ヂ➼䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ඲⯡䜢⥙⨶䛩䜛ᇶ‽䛷䛒䜛䚹ᇶ‽䛾⟇ᐃ䛾୰ᚰⓗ䛺ᙺ๭䜢ᢸ䛳䛯䛾䛿䚸1990 ᖺ䛻๰❧䚸2004 ᖺ䛻ἲே໬䛥䜜䛯 HIN 䛷䛒䜛䚹HIN 䛿ゝㄒ⬟ຊ䛜༑ศ䛷䛺䛔ᝈ⪅䛻㧗䛔ရ㉁䛾་⒪䜢ᥦ౪䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾䚸㠀Ⴀ฼ᅋయ䛷䛒䜚䚸ᩍ⫱◊ಟ䛾ᶵ఍䜔◊✲㈨ᩱ䜢ᥦ౪䛩䜛䜹䝘䝎䛾ᅋయ䛷䛒䜛䚹䛭䛾䜋䛛䛻䜒䚸䜹䝘䝎䛾㏻ヂ⩻ヂ⫋⬟ᅋయ䛷䛒䜛 Language
Industry Association (AILIA) 䜔 Association of Canadian Corporations in Translation andInterpretation (ACCTI) 䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾Ꮫ⾡ᅋయ䛷䛒䜛 Critical Link 䛾䜹䝘䝎ᨭ㒊䜒䚸ᇶ‽䛾⟇ᐃ䛻ᦠ䜟䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹ᇶ‽䛿෉Ꮚ䛻䜎䛸䜑䜙䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ඲⯡䛻ヱᙜ䛩
䜛 ㏻ ヂ ⪅ 䛻 ồ 䜑 䜙 䜜 䜛 ㈨ ㉁ 䛻 䛴 䛔 䛶 䚸 䜹 䝘 䝎 䛾 䝁 䝭 䝳 䝙 䝔 䜱 ㏻ ヂ 㣴 ᡂ ᶵ 㛵 Language
Interpreting Training Program (LITP) 䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹䜎䛯䚸෉Ꮚ䛾ᕳᮎ䛻་⒪㏻ヂ➼䚸≉ᐃ䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䜢⾜䛖ሙྜ䛻␃ព䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䛴䛔䛶ㄝ᫂䛜䛒䜛䚹
4.3. AUSIT Code of Ethic and Code of Conduct 㸦࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔㸧䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰䜒䚸⛣Ẹ䜢ཷ䛡ධ䜜ᅜ䜢Ⓨᒎ䛥䛫䛶䛝䛯ᅜ䛷䛒䜛䚹⛣Ẹ䜔㞴Ẹ䛾䛯䜑䛾㏻ヂ
䜢ᚲせ䛸䛩䜛୰䛷䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䜒Ⓨ㐩䛧䛶䛝䛯 (䝢䞁䜹䞊䝖䞁 2001)䚹AUSIT 䛿䚸ᅜ䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䞉⩻ヂ㈨᱁ㄆᐃᅋయ NAATI 䛻䜘䜚 1987 ᖺ䛻タ❧䛥䜜䛯⫋⬟ᅋయ䛷䛒䜛䚹೔⌮つᐃ䛿 1995 ᖺ䛻ไᐃ䛥䜜䛯䛜䚸䛭䛾ᚋඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛸䛧䛶䜒౑⏝䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛻ᨵゞ䛥䜜䛯䚹㏻ヂ⪅䚸⩻ヂ⪅䛾⾜ືつ⠊䛸䛧䛶⟇ᐃ䛥䜜䛯䛣䛾ᇶ‽䛿䚸་⒪㏻ヂ䛾䜏䛺䜙䛪䚸ྖἲ㏻ヂ➼䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ඲⯡䛻㛵䛩䜛ᇶ‽䛷䛒䜛䚹ෆᐜ䛿䚸䜎䛪 Code of Ethics 䛸䛧䛶 Confidentiality䛺䛹䛾኱䛝䛺ᴫᛕ䜢⥙⨶䛧䚸䛭䛾ᚋ Code of Conduct 䛸䛧䛶ྛᴫᛕ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟ලయⓗ䛺⾜ື䜢246246

་⒪㏻ヂࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽つᐃ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹
4.4. Medical Interpreting Standard of Practice 㸦࢔࣓ࣜ࢝㸧⡿ᅜ䛷䛿䚸඲ேཱྀ䛾 20䠂䛜ᐙᗞෆ䛷ⱥㄒ௨እ䛾ゝㄒ䜢ヰ䛧䛶䛔䜛 (US Census Bureau2011)䚹IMIA 䛿䚸ከᵝ䛺ゝㄒ䜢ヰ䛩ᝈ⪅䛜ᖹ➼䛻་⒪䛻䜰䜽䝉䝇䛷䛝䜛䛯䜑䛻䝥䝻䛾་⒪㏻
ヂ⪅䜢⫱ᡂ䛩䜛┠ⓗ䛷 1986 ᖺ䛻タ❧䛥䜜䛯ᅋయ䛷䚸⌧ᅾ 2000 ௨ୖ䛾఍ဨ䜢᧦䛩䜛⡿ᅜ䛷᭱ྂ䛷᭱኱䛾ᅋయ䛷䛒䜛䚹ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛿䚸䝬䝃䝏䝳䞊䝉䝑䝒ᕞ་⒪㏻ヂ༠఍䛸ᩍ⫱㛤Ⓨ䝉䞁䝍䞊䛻䜘䛳䛶సᡂ䛥䜜䚸1995 ᖺ䛻᥇⏝䛥䜜䛯䚹ྛ㡯┠䛻䛿㡯┠䛻㛵㐃䛧䛯ᮃ䜎䛧䛔⾜ື䛸䚸ᮃ䜎䛧䛟䛺䛔⾜ື䛾ලయ౛䛜䛒䜚䚸Ꮫ⩦⪅䛾⾜Ⅽ䛾ᮃ䜎䛧䛥䛾⛬ᗘ䜢䚸Ꮫ⩦⪅䜔ᣦᑟ⪅䛜 1䡚5
䜎䛷䛾䝷䞁䜽䜢௜䛡䛶ホ౯䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾ලయ౛䛿䚸ẁ㝵䜢㋃䜣䛷ᢏ⾡䜢㌟䛻╔䛡䜙䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻タᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹⮬ᕫホ౯䚸௚䛛䜙䛾ホ౯୧᪉䛻౑⏝䛷䛝䜛ホ౯⾲ᙧᘧ䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛾䛜≉ᚩⓗ䛷䛒䜛䚹
4.5. National standards of practice for interpreters in health care 㸦࢔࣓ࣜ࢝㸧
National standards of practice for interpreters in health care 䛿䚸2004 ᖺ䛻 National
Council on Interpreting in Health Care (NCIHC) 䛻䜘䜚೔⌮つᐃ䛜ไᐃ䛥䜜䛯ᚋ䚸NCIHC 䛻䜘䜚 2005 ᖺ䛻ไᐃ䛥䜜䛯ᇶ‽䛷䛒䜛䚹ᙜ᫬䚸඲ᅜ䝺䝧䝹䛷་⒪㏻ヂ䛻ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛䝇䜻䝹䛜ᐃ䜑䜙䜜䛶䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䛯䜑䚸་⒪㏻ヂ䛾◊ಟ䚸㉁䛾ྥୖ䛾䛯䜑䛻⟇ᐃ䛥䜜䛯䚹 ⟇ᐃ䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䛿䚸⡿ᅜෆ䛾᪤Ꮡ䛾ᇶ‽䜢ཧ⪃䛻䛧䛴䛴䚸᪂䛯䛻ୡ⏺୰䛾ᇶ‽䜢 Environmental Scan 䛸䛧䛶䜎䛸䜑䛶䛛䜙䚸䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䛻ᇶ䛵䛝ᇶ‽䜢⟇ᐃ䛧䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸ྛ㡯┠䛻㛵㐃䛩䜛೔⌮つᐃ䛸ලయ౛䛜௜୚䛧䛶䛒䜛䛸䛣䜝䛜≉ᚩⓗ䛷䛒䜛䚹
5. ྛඹ㏻ᇶ‽ࡢㄪᰝ⤖ᯝྛᅜ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䜢ẚ㍑䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䜢⾲ 2 䛻♧䛩䚹5 䛴䛾ᇶ‽䛩䜉䛶䛻ඹ㏻䛧䛶䛔䛯䛾䛿ṇ☜ᛶ䚸ᶵᐦᛶ䚸୰❧ᛶ䛷䛒䜚䚸5 䛴䛾䛖䛱 4 䛴䛻ඹ㏻䛧䛶䛔䛯䛾䛿䝥䝻䝣䜵䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸䝈䝮䚸3 䛴䛻ඹ㏻䛧䛶䛔䛯䛾䛿ᙺ๭䛾ቃ⏺䛸䚸ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄆ㆑䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹௨ୗ䛻䚸ྛ㡯┠䛾ᐃ⩏䛸䚸䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾ෆᐜ䚸䛭䛧䛶䛭䜜䜙䛾ඹ㏻Ⅼ䛻䛴䛔䛶♧䛩䚹
⾲ 2㻌 ྛᅜ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽ẚ㍑

䝥䝻䝣䜵
ṇ☜ᛶ

ᶵᐦᛶ

୰❧ᛶ

䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸
䝈䝮

ᙺ๭䛾
ቃ⏺

᪥ᮏ

䚽

䚽

䚽

䜹䝘䝎

䚽

䚽

䚽

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䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰

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䚽

䚽

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䜰䝯䝸䜹䠄IMIA䠅

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䜰䝯䝸䜹䠄NCIHC䠅

䚽

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䚽䛿⊂❧䛧䛯㡯┠䛒䜚䚸䕧䛿୍㒊グ㍕䛒䜚

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ᩥ໬䛻
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ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ (2014)

5.1. 5 ࡘࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽඲࡚࡟ඹ㏻ࡢࡶࡢ
5.1.1. ṇ☜ᛶ
AUSIT 䛾ᐃ⩏䛻䜘䜜䜀䚸ṇ☜ᛶ䛸䛿䛂┬␎䜔ṍ᭤䜢䛫䛪䚸ᖖ䛻䝔䜻䝇䝖䜔䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䛾ព࿡䛻ᛅᐇ䛺ヂฟ䜢䛩䜛䛃䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛䚹ṇ☜ᛶ䛻㛵䛩䜛㡯┠䛿䚸5 䛴඲䛶䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹᪥ᮏ䛾䛄་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛅䛷䛿䚸኱㡯┠䛾䛖䛱೔⌮䛾୰䛻ṇ☜ᛶ䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛜䛒䜚䚸
䛂㏻ヂ䛿䚸ᛅᐇ䛛䛴ṇ☜䛻⾜䛖䛸䛸䜒䛻䚸ᝈ⪅➼䛾⫼ᬒ䜔ᩥ໬䛻䛴䛔䛶⪃៖䛩䜛䛣䛸䚹䜎䛯⮬䜙䛾ᑓ㛛⬟ຊ䜢⮬ぬ䛧䚸䛭䜜䜢㉸䛘䜛㏻ヂᴗົ䛸䛺䜛ሙྜ䛿䚸䛭䛾᪨䚸฼⏝⪅䛻⏦䛧ฟ䜛䛣䛸䛃䛸つᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹䜹䝘䝎 HIN 䛷䛿䚸LITP 䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾᭱ึ䛾㡯┠䛸䛧䛶 Accuracy andFidelity 䠄ṇ☜ᛶ䛸ᛅᐇᛶ䠅䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛜ᣲ䛢䜙䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸ヰ䛧ᡭ䛸ྠ䛨ே⛠䠄1 ே⛠䠅䛷඲䛶䛾Ⓨゝ䛻ᛅᐇ䛻ヂฟ䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸ཎᩥ䛾ព࿡䛻ຍ䛘䛯䜚䚸┬䛔䛯䜚䚸ㄝ᫂䜢䛧䛯䜚䛧䛶ཎᩥ䛾ព࿡䜢ṍ᭤䛫䛪䚸⇍ㄒ䚸䝺䝆䝇䝍䞊䚸䝇䝍䜲䝹䚸䝖䞊䞁䜒䛭䛾䜎䜎ヂ䛩䛣䛸䛷ཎᩥ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ᛅᐇᛶ䛜☜ಖ䛥䜜䜛䛸䛧䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸㏻ヂ᫬䛾ලయⓗ䛺᪉⟇䛸䛧䛶䚸඲䛶䛾㛵ಀ⪅䛻Ⓨゝ䜢඲䛶㏻ヂ䛩䜛䛸ఏ䛘䜛䛣䛸䚸䜒䛧୍㒊䜢ヂ䛥䛺䛔䜘䛖ゝ䜟䜜䛯ሙྜ䚸䛭䛾䛣䛸䜢඲䛶䛾㛵ಀ⪅䛻ఏ䛘䛶ᣦ♧䜢ᚅ䛴䛣䛸䚸ᩥ໬ⓗ䛻ᑐᛂ䛩䜛ヂㄒ䜔➼౯䛺ヂㄒ䛜↓䛔ゝⴥ䚸䛚䜘䜃」ᩘ䛾ព࿡䜢ᣢ䛴ゝⴥ䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿䛭䛾䜎䜎ఏ䛘䜛䛛䚸䛭䛾ゝⴥ䛾ព࿡䜢ఏ䛘䜛ヂ䜢ᚰ䛜䛡䜛䛣䛸䚸Ⓨヰ䛾ෆᐜ䛜୙᫂䛺ሙྜ䛿ゝ䛔┤䛧䚸ゝ䛔䛛䛘䜔䚸ㄝ᫂䜢ồ䜑䜛䛣䛸䚸ㄗ䛳䛯䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢䛧䛯ሙྜ䛿䛭䛾䛣䛸䜢㛵ಀ⪅䛻ఏ䛘䛶ᣦ♧䜢ᚅ䛴䛣䛸䛺䛹䜢ᣲ䛢䛶䛔䜛䚹AUSIT 䛷䛿䚸ṇ☜ᛶ䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸ṍ᭤䜔┬␎䜢䛫䛪䛻ཎᩥ䛾ព࿡䜢ಖᣢ䛧䛶ṇ☜䛺㏻ヂ䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸ཎᩥ䛾ព࿡䜢຾ᡭ䛻┬␎䚸ኚ᭦䛧䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸䝭䝇䜢≢䛧䛯䜙༶ᗙ䛻ゞṇ䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸୙᫂䛺Ⅼ䛿䚸≧ἣ䛜チ䛩㝈䜚䚸⧞䜚㏉䛧䚸ゝ䛔䛛䛘䜢౫㢗䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸䛸⌧ሙ䛷䛾⾜ື䛻䛴䛔䛶ලయⓗ䛻♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹IMIA 䛷䛿䚸ṇ☜ᛶ䛿೔⌮ⓗ⾜ື䛾኱㡯┠䛻ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸ṇ☜䛻᏶඲䛻㏻ヂ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䚸ṇ☜ᛶ䛾ព࿡䜢⌮ゎ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛛䚸㛫㐪䛳䛯䜙༶᫬ゞṇ䛧䛶ㅰ䜜䜛Ⰻ㆑䜢ᣢ䛳䛶䛔䜛䛛䚸䝉䝹䝣䝰䝙䝍䝸䞁䜾䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜛䛛䚸䜸䝸䝆䝘䝹䛾䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䛻ᛅᐇ䛻ヂ䛫䛶䛔䜛䛛䚸䛸䛔䛳䛯䝏䜵䝑䜽㡯┠䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹
NCIHC 䛷䛿䚸㏻ヂ⪅䛿䚸඲䛶䛾䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䜢ṇ☜䛛䛴᏶඲䛻䚸ఱ䜒ຍ䛘䛪䚸┬䛛䛪䚸ゝ䛔᥮䛘䛪䛻ఏ䛘䜛䛣䛸䚸䝺䝆䝇䝍䞊䜔ゝ䛔᪉䚸ኌ䛾䝖䞊䞁䜒෌⌧䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸㛵ಀ⪅䛻䚸ヰ䛩䛣䛸䛿඲䛶
㏻ヂ䛩䜛䛸ఏ䛘䜛䛣䛸䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ὶ䜜䜢ไᚚ䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸㏻ヂ䝭䝇䜢ゞṇ䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸㏱᫂ᛶ䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜㏙䜉䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹㡯┠䛾ヲ⣽䛺ෆᐜ䛿ྛᇶ‽䛻䜘䛳䛶␗䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯䛜䚸┬␎䜔ṍ᭤䜢䛫䛪䚸ᖖ䛻䝔䜻䝇䝖䜔䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䛾ព࿡䛻ᛅᐇ䛺ヂฟ䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䛔䛖Ⅼ䛿ඹ㏻䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹
5.1.2. ᶵᐦᛶᶵᐦᛶ䛾ᐃ⩏䛿䚸AUSIT 䛻䜘䜜䜀䛂ᶵᐦᛶ䜢⥔ᣢ䛧䚸௙஦ୖᚓ䛯᝟ሗ䜢₃䛘䛔䛧䛺䛔䛃䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛䚹᪥ᮏ䛾䛄་⒪㏻ヂඹ㏻ᇶ‽ 2010䛅䛷䛿䚸኱㡯┠䛂೔⌮䛃䛾ୗ䛾୰㡯┠䛂Ᏺ⛎⩏ົ䛃䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛷䚸䛂⫋ົୖ▱䜚ᚓ䛯ᝈ⪅᝟ሗ➼䛾⛎ᐦ䛾ಖᣢ䛃䛸グ㏙䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹HIN 䛷䛿䚸㏻ヂ⪅䛿඲䛶䛾㛵ಀ⪅䛻デ⒪䛾ᶵᐦᛶ䜢ᑛ㔜䛩䜛䛸ఏ䛘䚸㛵ಀ⪅䛿㏻ヂ ⪅䛜ᶵᐦ䜢Ᏺ䜛䛣䛸䜢ᮇᚅ䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸䜎䛯඲䛶䛾㛵ಀ⪅䛾チྍ䜢ᚓ䛯ሙྜ䚸ἲ䛾せồ䛜䛒䛳䛯ሙྜ䜢䛾䛮䛝䚸㏻ヂ᫬䛻▱䜚䛘䛯ෆᐜ䜢እ㒊䛻䜒䜙䛥䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸デ⒪᫬㛫䜔ෆᐜ䛻䜘䜚ಶே䛜≉ᐃ䛥䜜䜛ሙྜ 䛿㛤♧248
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་⒪㏻ヂࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛧䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸௚䛾ᑓ㛛⫋䛸䛾༠ྠ䛜ᚲせ䛺ሙྜ䛿೔⌮つ⠊䛻ᇶ䛵䛟᝟ሗ䛾䜔䜚䛸䜚䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸
䛜㏙䜉䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹AUSIT 䛷䛿ᶵᐦᛶ䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸䝡䝆䝛䝇㏻ヂ䛸ྠᵝ䛾ᶵᐦᛶ䜢ಖ䛴䛸䛧䛯䛖䛘䛷䚸䝏䞊䝮䝽䞊䜽䛜ᚲせ䛺ሙྜ䚸䝏䞊䝮䛾ᵓᡂဨ඲ဨ䛜ᶵᐦᛶ䜢ಖᣢ䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸་⒪⪅䛿௙஦ୖᚓ䛯᝟ሗ䜢⚾ⓗ䛻฼⏝䛧䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸ᝈ⪅䛾ྠព䛜䛒䜛䛸䛝䚸䜎䛯䛿ἲ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟ሙྜ䛾䜏᝟ሗ䜢㛤♧䛷䛝䜛䛣䛸䛜つᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹IMIA 䛿䚸೔⌮ⓗ⾜ື䛾኱㡯┠୰䛾䛂ᶵᐦᛶಖᣢ䛃䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛷䚸ඣ❺⹢ᚅ䜔ẅே௻ᅗ➼䜢▱䛳䛯ሙྜ䛻䛿䛧䛛䜛䜉䛝ᶵ㛵䛻ሗ࿌䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸䛸䛔䛖ලయⓗ䛺஦౛䛜ᥦ♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹䜎䛯ྠ䛨኱㡯┠䛾୰䛷䚸䛂ᝈ⪅䛾䝥䝷䜲䝞䝅䞊䛾ᑛ㔜䛃䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䜒䛒䛳䛯䚹NCIHC 䛷䛿䚸㛵㐃䛩䜛೔⌮つᐃ䛾௚䛻䚸ᶵᐦ䜢ಖᣢ䛧䚸ᝈ⪅䛾஢ゎ䜢ᚓ䛯ሙྜ䛛ἲ䛾せồ䛜䛒䛳䛯ሙྜ௨እ἞⒪䝏䞊䝮௨እ䛻᝟ሗ䜢㛤♧䛧䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸ᝈ⪅䛾ᣢ䛴ᩥ᭩䛻ྵ䜎䜜䜛ᝈ⪅⮬㌟䛻㛵䛩䜛᝟ሗ䜢ಖㆤ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ලయ౛䛸ඹ䛻㏙䜉䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹඲䛶䛾ᇶ‽䜢㏻䛨䛶䚸㏻ヂᴗົୖ▱䜚䛘䛯᝟ሗ䜢௚䛻䜒䜙䛥䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸䛧䛛䛧ἲⓗせㄳ䛜䛒䜛ሙྜ䜔䜔䜐䜢ᚓ䛺䛔஦᝟䛜䛒䜛ሙྜ䛿䛭䛾㝈䜚䛷䛿䛺䛔䛸㏙䜉䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䛸䛔䛖Ⅼ䛜ඹ㏻䛧
䛶䛔䛯䚹
5.1.3. ୰❧ᛶ
AUSIT 䛿୰❧ᛶ䛾ᐃ⩏䜢䛂䛔䛛䛺䜛㏻ヂሙ㠃䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒೫ぢ䜢ᣢ䛯䛺䛔䚸♧䛥䛺䛔䛃䛣䛸䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹᪥ᮏ䛾䛄་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽ 2010䛅䛷䛿䚸೔⌮䛾኱㡯┠䛾䛂୰❧䞉ᐈほᛶ䛃䛸䛔䛖୰㡯┠䛾୰䛷䚸㏻ヂ䛾ᴗົ⠊ᅖ䜢Ᏺ䜚䚸฼⏝⪅䛻ᑐ䛧䛶⮬䜙䛾ពぢ䜢䛥䛧䛿䛥䜣䛰䜚ຓゝ䛧䛯䜚䛧䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸㏻ヂ䛻⮬ศ䛾౯್ほ䜔୺ほ䜢ΰ䛬䛺䛔䛣䛸䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䛯䚹HIN 䛷䛿䚸㏻ヂ⪅䛿ᖖ䛻୰❧䜢ಖ䛴䛣䛸䚸㛵ಀ⪅඲ဨ䛻୰❧䜢ಖ䛴᪨䜢ఏ䛘䚸デ⒪䛾⤖ᯝ䛻ಶேⓗ䛺฼┈䛜㛵䜟䜛ሙྜ䜔䚸㛵ಀ⪅䛸ಶேⓗ䛺䛴䛺䛜䜚䛜䛒䜚୰❧ᛶ䜢ಖ䛶䛺䛔ሙྜ䛿௙஦䜢᩿䜛䛣䛸䚸㏻ヂ
⪅⮬㌟䛾฼┈䛸┦཯䛩䜛᱌௳䛿᩿䜛䛣䛸䚸㏻ヂ⪅䛾୰❧ᛶ䛻ᙳ㡪䜢୚䛘䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛ಶே᝟ሗ䜔䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿㛵ಀ⪅඲ဨ䛻㛤♧䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸௙஦䛾⤖ᯝ䛜ಶேⓗ䛺฼┈䛻㛵䜟䜛ሙྜ䜔䚸
㏻ヂ⪅䛾ಙᛕ䛻᢬ゐ䛧඲䛶䜢ᛅᐇ䛻୰❧䛻ヂ䛩䛣䛸䛜㞴䛧䛔ሙྜ䛿ὴ㐵ᶵ㛵䛻┦ㄯ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹AUSIT 䛷䛿䚸඲䛶䛾௙஦䛷䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾㊥㞳䜢⨨䛟䛣䛸䛜ᚲせ䛸㏙䜉䚸୰❧ᛶ䛜ಖ䛶䛺䛔ሙྜ䛿௙஦䜢㎡㏥䛩䜛䛛᭱ึ䛛䜙ཷ䛡䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸䜽䝷䜲䜰䞁䝖䛾Ⓨゝ䜔᭩䛔䛯䛣
䛸䛻㈐௵䜢ᣢ䛯䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸ᴗົ䛾㛫䛿䚸⮬ศ䛾ពぢ䜢㏙䜉䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸฼┈┦཯䛜䛒䜛ሙྜ䛿ṇ┤䛻㏙䜉䜛䛣䛸䚸䛭䛧䛶ពᅗ䜢᫂☜䛻㏙䜉䛺䛔䛷䚸䜽䝷䜲䜰䞁䝖䛻ᅋయ䜔≀䜔䝃䞊䝡䝇䜢⸀䜑䛺䛔䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹IMIA 䛷䛿䚸೔⌮ⓗ⾜ື䛾୰䛾୰❧ᛶ䜢ಖ䛴䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛾୰䛻䚸೫ぢ䛾Ꮡᅾ䛻Ẽ௜䛔䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛸䛔䛖▱㆑䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙䚸䛚䜘䜃䜹䜴䞁䝉䝸䞁䜾䜔䜰䝗䝞䜲䝇䜢㑊䛡䜛䛸䛔䛖ලయⓗ䛺⾜ື䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹NCIHC 䛷䛿䚸㛵㐃䛩䜛೔⌮つᐃ䜢♧䛧䛯䛖䛘䛷䚸ᐈほᛶ䛻ᙳ㡪䛩䜛䜘䛖䛺ಶேⓗุ᩿䚸ᩥ໬ⓗ౯್ほ䛻᰿ᕪ䛩୺ᙇ䜢⾜䜟䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸㏻ヂ
⪅⮬㌟䛾฼┈䛸┦཯䛩䜛ሙྜ䛿䛭䜜䜢ఏ䛘䚸ᚲせ䛺ሙྜ䛿௙஦䜢㎡㏥䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢ᐃ䜑䛶䛔䛯䚹
ඹ㏻䛧䛶䚸㏻ヂ⪅䛿⮬ศ䛾ពぢ䜢㏙䜉䛺䛔䛣䛸䚸୰❧ⓗ䛺❧ሙ䜢Ᏺ䜜䛺䛔䛸ุ᩿䛧䛯㝿䛻䛿䛭䛾௙஦䜢᩿䜛䛣䛸䛸䛔䛖グ㍕䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹

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ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ (2014)

5.2. 5 ࡘࡢ࠺ࡕ 4 ࡘࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽࡟ඹ㏻ࡢࡶࡢ
5.2.1. ࣉࣟࣇ࢙ࢵࢩࣙࢼࣜࢬ࣒
䝥䝻䝣䜵䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸䝈䝮䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸NCIHC 䛾೔⌮つᐃ䛷䛿䚸䛂ᖖ䛻䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶೔⌮䜢Ᏺ䛳䛯⾜ື䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䛃䛸㏙䜉䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹᪥ᮏ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛷䛿䚸䝥䝻䝣䜵䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸䝈䝮䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛿䛺䛔䛜ᑓ㛛ᛶ䛾⥔ᣢ䞉ྥୖ䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛜䛒䜚䚸㏻ヂ⬟ຊ䛾⥔ᣢ䚸ྥୖ䛻ດ䜑䜛䛣䛸䚸ᖖ䛻㏻ヂ⪅䛸䛧䛶ᚲせ䛺᪂䛧䛔ไᗘ䛾⌮ゎ䜔䜘䜚῝䛔▱㆑䛾⩦ᚓ䛻ດ䜑䜛ពḧ䜢䜒䛴䛣䛸䜢つᐃ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸฼⏝⪅䛸䛾⚾ⓗ䛺㛵ಀ䛾ᅇ㑊䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛷䚸䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾ែᗘ䛻䛴䛔䛶ゝཬ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹
HIN 䛷䛿䚸䜶䞊䝆䜵䞁䝖䛾つ⠊䜢Ᏺ䜛䛣䛸䜔䚸ྍ⬟䛺㝈䜚㯮Ꮚ䛸䛧䛶⫋ົ䜢඲䛖䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸ཷ䛡䛯ᴗົ䛿඲䛖䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸᫬㛫䜢Ᏺ䜛䛣䛸䚸デ⒪䛜⤊䜟䜛䛛ᴗົ⤊஢䛾ᣦ♧䛜䛒䜛䜎䛷䛭䛾ሙ䛻䛔䜛䛣䛸䚸ᑐ㠃デ⒪䛻䜅䛥䜟䛧䛔᭹⿦䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸㏻ヂᴗົ䛾᫬䛻ಶேⓗ䜎䛯䛿௚䛾ᴗົ䜢⾜䜟䛺䛔䛣䛸䛺䛹䛜ᐃ䜑䜙䜜䚸௚䛻⥅⥆ⓗ⬟ຊ㛤Ⓨ䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䜒䛒䛳䛯䚹AUSIT 䛷䛿䚸䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶ᖖ䛻⊂❧ᛶ䛸ᑛཝ䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸඲䛶䛾௙஦䛻ᑐ䛧㐺ษ䛺‽ഛ䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸೔⌮ⓗ䛺ၥ㢟䛜䛺䛔㝈䜚䚸ཷ䛡䛯௙஦䛿඲䛖䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸⣡ᮇ䜔⣙᮰䛾᫬㛫䜢Ᏺ䜛䛣䛸䚸㤫ᛂ䜢ཷ䛡䛪䚸せồ䜒䛧䛺䛔䠄≉ᐃ䛾ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛䚸ᑠ㢠䛾㉗䜚≀䛿ྍ⬟䠅䛣䛸䛺䛹䛜ᐃ䜑䜙䜜䛯䛚䜚䚸䛭䛾䜋䛛䛻䚸䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾⬟ຊ㛤Ⓨ䛾㡯┠䛜䛒䜚⥅⥆ⓗ䛺⬟ຊ㛤Ⓨ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛜つᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯Ⅼ䚸䜶䞊䝆䜵䞁䝖 䛸 䛾 㛵 ಀ 䛾 ⥔ ᣢ 䜔 䚸 䝥 䝻 ྠ ኈ 䛾 㐃 ᦠ 䛻 䛴䛔 䛶 䜒 つ ᐃ 䛜 䛒 䜛 Ⅼ 䛜 ⊂ ≉ 䛷 䛒 䛳 䛯 䚹 ᭦ 䛻 䚸Competence 䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛷䛿䚸◊ಟ䜔㈨᱁ไᗘ䛻䜘䛳䛶ㄆᐃ䛥䜜䚸⮬ศ䛾⬟ຊ䛷ᑐᛂ䛷䛝䜛௙஦䛧䛛ཷ䛡䛺䛔䛣䛸䛜グ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸௚䛾ᇶ‽䛾䝥䝻䝣䜵䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸䝈䝮䛾ෆᐜ䛸ྠᵝ䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹IMIA 䛷䛿䚸኱㡯┠䛾೔⌮ⓗ⾜ື䛾୰䛻䚸䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶ᝈ⪅䛸ಶேⓗ㛵ಀ䜢ᣢ䛯䛺䛔䛣䛸䛸䚸⬟ຊ௨ୖ䛾௙஦䜢ཷ䛡䛺䛔䛣䛸䛻䜘䜛䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾ᑛཝ䛾⥔ᣢ䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛜ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹
NCIHC 䛷䜒䝥䝻䝅䜵䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸䝈䝮䛻㛵䛧䛶⣽䛛䛟つᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸䝡䝆䝛䝇䛾័౛䛻ᇶ䛵䛝ṇ┤䛷೔⌮ⓗ䛺ែᗘ䜢䛸䜛䚸௙஦䛾๓䛻‽ഛ䜢䛩䜛䚸≉ᐃ䛾௙஦䛻㛵䛧䛶⬟ຊ䛾㝈⏺䜢ᥦ♧䛩䜛䚸䝃䜲䝖䝖䝷䞁䝇䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝇䜻䝹䛜䛺䛔ሙྜ䚸≉䛻」㞧䛺ᩥ᭩䜔㔜せ䛺ᩥ᭩䛾䝃䜲䝖䝖䝷䞁䝇䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢⾜䜟䛺䛔䚸䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䛻㈐௵䜢ᣢ䛴䚸㉁䛾㧗䛔㏻ヂ䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻ᚲせ䛺⎔ቃ䜢ᩚ䛘䜛䜉䛟ኌ䜢䛒䛢䜛䚸ྠ൉䛾ᑓ㛛ᛶ䜢ᑛ㔜䛩䜛䚸⫋ᴗ䛸䛧䛶䛾ᑛཝ䛸䛭䛾ሙ䛻ᛂ䛨䛯䜅䜛䜎䛔䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䛺䛹䛜つᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹䛭䛾䜋䛛䛻䛿䚸䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾⬟ຊ㛤
Ⓨ䛸䛔䛖ྠᵝ䛾㡯┠䜒䛒䜚䚸⥅⥆ⓗ䛺⬟ຊ㛤Ⓨ䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䜢つᐃ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹ྛᇶ‽䛻ඹ㏻䛧䛶䛔䛯䛾䛿䚸᫬㛫䜢Ᏺ䜛䛣䛸䚸⮬ศ䛾⬟ຊ䛾㝈⏺䜢ᢕᥱ䛧௙஦䜢ཷ䛡䜛䛣䛸䛸䛔䛖䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾ែᗘ䛻㛵䛩䜛㡯┠䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹
5.3. 5 ࡘࡢ࠺ࡕ 3 ࡘࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽࡟ඹ㏻ࡢࡶࡢ
5.3.1. ᙺ๭ࡢቃ⏺
AUSIT 䛷䛿䚸ᙺ๭䛾ቃ⏺䜢䛂䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䛾௰௓䜢㏻䛨䛶䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢෇⁥䛻䛩䜛ᙺ๭䛸䚸䛭䛾௚䛾ᙺ๭䛻⥺ᘬ䛝䛩䜛䛣䛸䛃䛸ᐃ⩏䛵䛡䛶䛔䜛䚹᪥ᮏ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻䛿䚸ᙺ๭䛾ቃ⏺䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙䛿ぢᙜ䛯䜙䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹HIN 䛷䛿䚸㏻ヂ⪅䛾ᙺ๭䜢 2 ⪅㛫䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ྍ⬟䛻䛧㛵ಀ⪅䛜⮬䜙ពᛮỴᐃ䛩䜛䜘䛖䛻ಁ䛩䛣䛸䛸䛧䛯䛖䛘䛷䚸ᴗົ䛾୰䛷㆟ㄽ䛻ཧຍ䛧䛯䜚䚸䜰䝗䝞䜲䝇䜢䛧䛯䜚䚸ಶே䛾ពぢ䜢㏙䜉䛯䜚䚸ಶேⓗ䛺཯ᛂ䜢♧䛧䛯䜚䛧䛶䛿䛺䜙
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་⒪㏻ヂࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛪䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢Ⰽ║㙾䛷ぢ䛯䜚䚸௰௓䛧䛯䜚䚸≉ᐃ䛾ᅋయ䜢௦⾲䛧䛯䜚䛧䛶ヰ䛧䛶䛿䛺䜙䛺䛔䚸㛵ಀ⪅䛸䛾୙せ䛺᥋ゐ䜢᥍䛘䜛䚸䛹䛾㛵ಀ⪅䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䜒㏻ヂ௨እ䛾䝃䞊䝡䝇䜢ᥦ౪䛧䛶䛿䛺䜙䛺䛔䚸᭱䜒㞀ᐖ䛻䛺䜙䛺䛔䝰䞊䝗䛷㏻ヂ䛩䜛䚸⮬㌟䛾䝥䝷䜲䝞䝅䞊䚸⚟♴䛸Ᏻ඲䜢Ᏺ䜛
䛣䛸䜢㏙䜉䛶䛔䛯䚹AUSIT 䛷䛿䚸ᛅ࿌䜔ᣦᑟ䛺䛹䚸㏻ヂ䚸⩻ヂ௨እ䛾䛣䛸䜢ᴗົ୰䛻⾜䜟䛪䚸≉ᐃ䛾ᚲせ䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛶⾜䛖ሙྜ䛿䛭䛾ሙ䛻䛔䜛඲ဨ䛾஢ゎ䜢䛸䜛䛣䛸䚸௙஦ୖ㛵䜟䜚䛾䛒䜛௚䛾ᑓ㛛⫋䛾ᑓ㛛ᛶ䛸䛾ቃ⏺䜢ᑛ㔜䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸௚䛾⫋ဨ䛜㏻ヂ䚸⩻ヂ䛾௙஦䜢ㄗゎ䛧䛯䜚ㄗ䛳䛯ᮇᚅ䜢䛧䛯ሙྜ䛿ᙺ๭䜢ㄝ᫂䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸䛭䛧䛶䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾䜔䜚䛸䜚䛸䚸ಶேⓗ䛺䜔䜚䛸䜚䛸䛾㐪䛔䜢⌮ゎ䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢つᐃ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹IMIA 䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻䛿䚸ᙺ๭䛾ቃ⏺䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㏙䛿ぢᙜ䛯䜙䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹NCIHC 䛷䛿䚸ᴗົ୰䛻ಶேⓗ䛺㛵䜟䜚䜢ᣢ䛯䛪デ⒪ෆ䛷䛾䜏㏻ヂ䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸➼䜢つᐃ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹䛔䛪䜜䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䜒䚸㏻ヂ䛾ᙺ๭䜢ㄆ㆑䛧䛶䛭䛾ቃ⏺䜢㋃䜏㉺䛘䛺䛔 䛣䛸䜢つᐃ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹
5.3.2. ᩥ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄆ㆑᪥ᮏ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛷䛿䚸▱㆑䛸䛔䛖኱㡯┠䛾୰䛾䛂ᝈ⪅⫼ᬒ䞉ከᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛▱㆑䞉⌮ゎ䛃䛸䛔䛖୰㡯┠䛾୰䛷䚸ᝈ⪅䛾ฟ㌟ᅜ䚸ᆅᇦ䛾ᩥ໬䜔་⒪ไᗘ䛺䛹䜢Ꮫ䜆䛣䛸䛜
グ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹HIN 䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻䛿䚸ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄆ㆑䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾グ㏙䛿ぢᙜ䛯䜙䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹AUSIT 䛾ᇶ‽䛷䛿䚸䛂䝥䝻䛸䛧䛶䛾ែᗘ䛃䛾㡯䛻䛂㏻ヂ⪅䚸⩻ヂ⪅䛿௚⪅䜢ᑛ㔜䛧ᩥ໬䛻䜒㓄៖䛧䛯᪉ἲ䛷㉁䛾㧗䛔䝃䞊䝡䝇䜢ᥦ౪䛩䜛䛃䛸䛒䜛䛜䚸ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛⊂❧䛧䛯㡯┠䛿䛺䛛
䛳䛯䚹IMIA 䛷䛿䚸Cultural Interface 䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛾୰䛷䚸ᩥ໬ⓗ䛻㐺ษ䛺⾜ື䚸ṇ☜䛺⌮ゎ䜢☜ᐇ䛻䛩䜛䛯䜑䚸ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛧䛶☜ㄆ䛾㉁ၥ䜢せ䛩䜛ሙྜ䛾ᑐฎ䛾௙᪉䛜㏙䜉䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹
NCIHC 䛷䛿䚸㏻ヂ䛩䜛ゝㄒ䛾ᩥ໬䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸་⒪ไᗘ䜒ྵ䜑䛶⌮ゎ䜢῝䜑䜛䛣䛸䛸䚸ᩥ໬䛻㉳ᅉ䛩䜛ㄗゎ䛜⏕䛨䛯ሙྜ䛿㛵ಀ⪅䛩䜉䛶䛻㆙࿌䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹ྛᇶ‽㛫䛷䚸ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄆ㆑䛾ᢅ䛔䛿▱㆑䛻㔜Ⅼ䜢⨨䛟䜒䛾䛛䜙ᐇົୖ䛾⾜Ⅽ䜢ᣦ♧䛩䜛䜒䛾䜎䛷ᵝ䚻䛷䛒䛳䛯䛜䚸ᝈ⪅䛾ᩥ໬ⓗ⫼ᬒ䛾⌮ゎ䜢ྵ䜐Ⅼ䛿ඹ㏻䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹
5.4. ≉ᐃࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽࡟≉᭷ࡢࡶࡢ᪥ᮏ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛷䛿䚸▱㆑䛾኱㡯┠䛾୰䛾䚸䛂་⒪䛻㛵䛩䜛▱㆑䛸ᡤᒓᶵ㛵䞉ᅋయ䚸་⒪㏻ヂ඲య䛻㛵䛩䜛▱㆑䞉⌮ゎ䛃䛸䛔䛖୰㡯┠䛷䚸་⒪䛻㛵䛩䜛▱㆑䛜⣽䛛䛟つᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹་⒪㏻ヂ䛜㌟䛻╔䛡䛶䛚䛟䜉䛝▱㆑䛸䛧䛶ᣲ䛢䜙䜜䛯䜒䛾䛿䚸ᇶ♏ⓗ䛺་Ꮫ⏝ㄒ䛾௚䛻䚸㌟య䛾⤌⧊䛸䛭䛾ᶵ⬟䚸᳨ᰝ䞉἞⒪᪉ἲ䛻㛵䛩䜛ᇶ♏▱㆑䚸ᝈ⪅䛾ᚰ⌮䚸་⒪ไ
ᗘ䛺䛹ከᒱ䛻䜟䛯䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹䛣䜜䛿௚䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻䛿䜏䜙䜜䛺䛔㡯┠䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹
IMIA 䛷䛿䚸་⒪⪅䛸ᝈ⪅䛸䛾┤᥋ᑐヰ䜢ಁ䛩䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾✵㛫䛾ᩚഛ䛻㛵䛩䜛
グ㍕䛜䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜⊂⮬䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹㏻ヂ⪅䛸ヰ⪅䛜䛚஫䛔䛾ኌ䛜⪺䛣䛘䜛䚸་⒪⪅䛸ᝈ⪅䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ጉ䛢䛻䛺䜙䛺䛔఩⨨ྲྀ䜚䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䚸ᝈ⪅䛾⾲᝟䜢ぢ䛶ᚲせ䛷䛒䜜䜀䜹䞊䝔䞁䛾ᙳ䛺䛹ᝈ⪅䛾ど⏺䛾እ䛻⾜䛟䛣䛸䜒グ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹䜎䛯 NCIHC 䛿၏୍䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䜢タ䛡䛶䛚䜚䚸㔜኱䛺༴㝤䛛䜙ಶே䜢Ᏺ䜛䛯䜑䚸ኌ䜢䛒䛢䛶䜒䜘䛟䚸୙ྜ⌮䛺ᢅ䛔䜔⹢
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ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ (2014)ᚅ䜢ṇ䛩䛯䜑䛻䚸䜢䛒䛢䛶䜒䜘䛔䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹⡿ᅜ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ㣴ᡂᶵ㛵䛷䛒䜛 Bridging The
Gap A Basic Textbook for Medical Interpreters㻌 (2014) 䛻䜘䜜䜀䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛸䛿௚⪅䛾⪃䛘䜢ᨭᣢ䛧䛶䛭䛾䛯䜑䛻ኌ䜢䛒䛢䜛䛣䛸䛚䜘䜃⾜ື䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛䚹ᅗ䛿་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ᙺ๭䛻䛴䛔䛶⾲䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜚䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛻䛚䛡䜛఩⨨䛵䛡䜢♧䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛿䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾῝䛥䜢♧䛩୕ゅᙧ䛾㡬Ⅼ䛻఩⨨䛧䚸⌧ሙ䛾㛵ಀ䛾᭱䜒῝䛟䜎䛷㋃䜏㎸䜐㡯┠䛷䛒䜛䛸ྠ᫬䛻䚸౑⏝㢖ᗘ䛾᭱䜒ప䛔䜰䝥䝻䞊䝏䛸ㄆ㆑䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹≧ἣ䛻ᛂ䛨䛶䚸་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ᙺ๭䛿୕ゅᙧ䛾୰䜢ୖୗ䛩䜛䚹Bridging the Gap (2014) 䛾䝔䜻䝇䝖䛷䛿䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛸௚䛾ᙺ๭䛸䛾㛵ಀ䛻䛴䛔䛶ḟ䛾䜘䛖䛻ㄝ᫂䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䛂ᑟ⟶䛾ᙺ๭䠄ఱ䜒㊊䛥䛪䚸ᘬ䛛䛪䚸ゝ䜟䜜䛯㏻䜚䜢䝟䜲䝥䜢㏻䛩䜘䛖䛻䛭䛾䜎䜎ヂฟ䛩䜛䠅䜢ᯝ䛯䛩᫬䛻䛿䚸㏻ヂ䛿䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䜢ఏ䛘䜛䛣䛸䛻㞟୰䛧䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛿⾜䜟䛺䛔䚹᫂☜䛻䛩䜛ᙺ๭䛾᫬䛻䛿䚸㏻ヂ䛿ᝈ⪅䛜⌮ゎ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛛䜢☜ㄆ䜎䛯䛿᫂䜙䛛䛻䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾チྍ䜢ồ䜑䜛䚹䛣䛾᫬䜒㏻ヂ䛿䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䜢ఏ䛘䜛䛣䛸䛻㞟୰䛩䜛䛾䛷䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛿⾜䜟䛺䛔䚹ᩥ໬䛾௰௓⪅䛾ᙺ๭䛷䛿䚸㏻ヂ䛿ㄗゎ䜢⏕䛨䛥䛫䜛ᩥ໬ⓗᕪ␗䜢ᣦ᦬䛧䛶䜒䜘䛔䚹䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢෇⁥䛻䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻↔Ⅼ䜢ᙜ䛶䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷䚸䛣䛣䛷䜒䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛿⾜䜟䛺䛔䚹䛃䝔䜻䝇䝖䛻䜘䜜䜀䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䜢⾜䛳䛶䜘䛔䛾䛿ᝈ⪅䛾ᶒ฼䛜᫂䜙䛛䛻౵ᐖ䛥䜜䛯䛸㏻ヂ䛜ุ᩿䛧䛯䛸䛝䛾䜏䛷䚸౛䛘䜀䛂᭷ຠ䛺ண⣙䜹䞊䝗䜢ᣢཧ䛧䛯䛻䜒ᣊ䜟䜙䛪䚸⑓㝔䛻デᐹ䜢ᣄྰ䛥䜜䛯䛃䛺䛹䛾஦౛䛜䛣䛖䛧䛯ሙྜ䛻ヱᙜ䛩䜛䚹ᅗ 1㻌 ་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ᙺ๭䛻䛴䛔䛶࢔ࢻ࣎࢝ࢩ ࣮᭱ࡶࡲࢀ࡟౑⏝ࡉࢀࡿ

᭱ࡶ㋃ࡳ㎸ࢇࡔᑐᛂ

ᩥ໬௰௓⪅᫂☜࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜

᭱ࡶ㢖⦾࡟౑⏝ࡉࢀࡿゝࢃࢀࡓࡲࡲヂࡍ㸦ᑟ⟶㸧

᭱ࡶ㋃ࡳ㎸ࡲ࡞࠸ᑐᛂ

A Basic Textbook for Medical Interpreters (2014) 䜘䜚ᘬ⏝

6. ⪃ᐹ䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾䛖䛱་⒪㏻ヂ䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸௦⾲ⓗ䛺ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾ඹ㏻Ⅼ䛸┦㐪Ⅼ䜢᳨ウ䛧
䛯䚹
1䠅 5 䛴䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽඲䛶䛻ඹ㏻䛾㡯┠䛷䛒䛳䛯ṇ☜ᛶ䚸ᶵᐦᛶ䚸୰❧ᛶ䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿䚸ṇ☜ᛶ
䛜㏻ヂ䛾㉁䛻㛵䜟䜛䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䛾䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䚸ᶵᐦᛶ䛸୰❧ᛶ䛿㏻ヂ䛸䛧䛶䛾೔⌮䛻㛵䜟䜛㡯┠䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹ṇ☜ᛶ䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿䚸ㄗヂ䛜ㄗデ䛻䛴䛺䛜䜛ᜍ䜜䛾䛒䜛་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ᛶ㉁ୖ䚸㔜ど䛥䜜䜛䛾䛿ጇᙜ䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹ᶵᐦᛶ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾୰䛷䜒≉䛻ᡭヰ㏻
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་⒪㏻ヂࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽ヂ䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿䚸ᆅᇦ䛾ᡭヰ䝃䞊䜽䝹䛜㏻ヂᑐ㇟⪅䛷䛒䜛䜝䛖⪅䛸㏻ヂ䛩䜛ഃ䛾ᡭヰ㏻ヂ⪅䛾஺ὶ䛾ሙ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䠄኱㔝 2014䠅䚸㏻ヂ䛥䜜䜛ഃ䛾ᒓ䛩䜛䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱䛻䛚䛡䜛ᶵᐦᛶ䜢≉䛻ព㆑䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䚹ྛඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾୰❧ᛶ䛻㛵䛩䜛グ㍕䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ
䛿㏆᥋ᛶ䛜㧗䛟䚸ヰ⪅䛻㏆䛟䜔䜚䛸䜚䛻ᐦ᥋䛻㛵䜟䜛䛸䛔䛖 Hale (2007) 䛾୺ᙇ䛸୍⮴䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹
Creeze (2013) 䜒䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ⪅䠄་⒪㏻ヂ䠅䛿䚸་ᖌ䛸ᝈ⪅㛫䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢෇⁥䛻䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾఩⨨ྲྀ䜚䜢䛔䛪䜜䛻䜒ᐤ䜙䛺䛔䜘䛖䛻㓄៖䛩䜉䛝䛷䛒䜛䛸୺ᙇ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹 ㊥㞳䛜㏆䛟䚸ぢ䛘䜛㏻ヂ䛷䛒䜛䛛䜙䛣䛭䚸≉䛻ឤ᝟䜢䛒䜙䜟䛻䛧䛯ሙྜ䛺䛹䛻㏻ヂ䛜ഐほ⪅䛷䛒䜚䛴䛵䛡䜛䛣䛸䛿㞴䛧䛔䛣䛸䛿᝿ീ䛻㞴䛟䛺䛔䚹䛭䛾䛯䜑୰❧ᛶ䛜඲䛶䛾ᇶ‽䛻ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛿ጇᙜ䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䛯䚹2䠅 5 䛴䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾䛖䛱 4 䛴䛻ඹ㏻䛾㡯┠䛻䚸䝥䝻䝣䜵䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸䝈䝮䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹䝥䝻䝣䜵䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸䝈䝮䛜ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻ከ䛟ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛿䚸㏫䛻䜎䛰䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛜䝥䝻䝣䜵䝅䝵䝘䝹䛸䛧䛶☜❧䛧䛝䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䛸䛔䛖⌧≧䜢ᾋ䛝᙮䜚䛻䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸䜒ゝ䛘䜛䚹ℿග䠄2008䠅䜒ᣦ᦬䛧䛶䛔䜛䜘䛖䛻䚸᪥ᮏ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ⪅䛿㈐௵䜔㏻ヂ⬟ຊ䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䝥䝻୪䜏䛾䝺䝧䝹䛜ᚲせ䛸䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛻䜒ᣊ䜟䜙䛪䚸❧ሙ䛸䛧䛶䛿䝪䝷䞁䝔䜱䜰䛸䛧䛶άື䛫䛦䜛䜢䛘䛺䛔≧ែ䛷䛒䜛䚹
3䠅 5 䛴䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾䛖䛱 3 䛴䛻ඹ㏻䛾㡯┠䛻䚸ᙺ๭䛾ቃ⏺⥺䚸ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄆ㆑䛜䛒䛳䛯䚹䛂⮬ᅜ䛾ᩥ໬䛸೫ぢ䜢⌮ゎ䛧䚸௚䛾ᩥ໬䜢ព㆑䛧䛶㐪䛔䜢ཷ䛡ධ䜜䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸௚ᅜ䛾ᩥ໬䜢Ꮫ䜃ᑛ㔜䛩䜛ែᗘ䜢ྲྀ䜜䜛䛃(Galanti, 2008) 䛸䛔䛖ᩥ໬䛾௰௓⪅䛸䛧䛶䛾ែᗘ䛿䚸㏻ヂ⪅䛻䛿୙ྍḞ䛺せ⣲䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛛䜙䚸ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄆ㆑䛾㡯┠䜢ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻ྵ䜐䛾䛿ጇᙜ䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹Ỉ㔝 (2005) 䛿䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ⪅䛾୍㒊䛿䚸㏻ヂ䜢༢䛺䜛㏻ヂ䛷䛿䛺䛟ே㐨ᨭ᥼⪅䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖ㄆ㆑䜢ᣢ䛳䛶䛔䜛䛸ᣦ᦬䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺ㄆ㆑䜢ᣢ䛳䛶䛔䜛ሙྜ䚸 ㏻ヂ䛾ᙺ๭䛾ቃ⏺⥺䛿ᐜ᫆䛻㋃䜏㉺䛘䜙䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜ண᝿䛥䜜䜛䚹䜎䛯䝥䝻䛸䝪䝷䞁䝔䜱䜰䛾ቃ⏺䛜䛒䛔䜎䛔䛺་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ሙྜ䛿䚸ᙺ๭䛾ቃ⏺⥺䜒䛒䛔䜎䛔䛻䛺䜚䜔䛩䛔䛯䜑䚸䛣䛾㡯┠䜢タᐃ䛩䜛ព⩏䛜䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹䛭䛧䛶ඛ䛻ᅗ♧䛧䛯㏻䜚䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䜢ྵ䜐䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䠄ᅗ䛷䛿་⒪㏻ヂ䠅䛾ᙺ๭䛿≧ἣ䛻䜘䛳䛶ኚ䜟䜛䛣䛸䛜䛒䜛䛯䜑ᰂ㌾䛻ᑐᛂ䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䛜䚸ᇶᮏⓗ䛺▱㆑䛸䛧䛶䚸㏻ヂ䛸䛧䛶䛹䛣䜎䛷㋃䜏㎸䜣䛷Ⰻ䛔䛾䛛䜢䛒䜙䛛䛨䜑ㄆ㆑䛧䛶䛚䛟䛣䛸䛜䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸㏻ヂ⮬㌟䜢Ᏺ䜛䛯䜑䛻䜒㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䚹ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄆ㆑䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸⛣Ẹ䛾ᅜ䛷䛒䜛䜹䝘䝎䛸䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛷グ㍕䛜䜏䜙䜜䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹䛣䜜䛿䚸ከᩥ໬䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ㄆ㆑䛿䚸䛣䛾 2 ᅜ䛷䛿䛒䛘䛶ゝཬ䛩䜛䜎䛷䜒䛺䛔䜋䛹䛻᪥ᖖ䛻ᾐ㏱䛧䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䛻䚸ᇶ‽䛻グ㍕䛜䛺䛛䛳䛯䜒䛾䛸᥎ᐹ䛥䜜䜛䚹4䠅 ≉ᐃ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻≉᭷䛺䜒䛾䛸䛧䛶䚸᪥ᮏ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻་⒪䛻㛵䛩䜛▱㆑䛜⣽䛛䛟つᐃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛾䛿䚸௚䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻䛿䜏䜙䜜䛺䛔≉ᚩ䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹௚䛾ᇶ‽䛷䛿ᑓ㛛⏝ㄒ䛾⩦ᚓ䜔▱㆑䛾⌮ゎ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿◊ಟ䛾ཷㅮ䚸ㄆᐃヨ㦂䛻ྥ䛡䛯ຮᙉ䛾୰䛷㌟䛻௜䛟䛸⪃䛘䚸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛷䛿ᐇ㝿䛾㏻ヂ⌧ሙ䛷䛾㏻ヂ䛾⾜ື䛻䛴䛔䛶㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䜘䛖䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹᪥ᮏ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻グ㍕䛥䜜䛯་⒪䛻㛵䛩䜛▱㆑䛿䚸㌟య䛾⤌⧊䛸䛭䛾ᶵ⬟䚸ಖ೺⾨⏕䚸ᚰ⌮䛺䛹ከᒱ䛻䜟䛯䛳䛶䛚䜚䚸඲䛶䜢῝䛟㌟䛻╔䛡䜛䛾䛿་⒪⪅䛷䛒䛳䛶䜒ᅔ㞴䛷䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䛯䚹䛹䛾⛬ᗘ䜎䛷▱㆑䜢㌟䛻╔䛡䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䛾䛛䚸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛯䝔䜻䝇䝖➼䛷᫂☜䛻ᥦ♧䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹IMIA 䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛷䛿䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾✵
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ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ (2014)㛫ᩚഛ䛸䛔䛖㡯┠䛜䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜≉ᚩⓗ䛷䛒䛳䛯䚹䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛿㏆᥋ᛶ䛜㧗䛟䚸ヰ⪅䛻㏆䛟䜔䜚䛸䜚䛻ᐦ᥋䛻㛵䜟䜛䛸䛔䛖 Hale㻌 (2007) 䛾୺ᙇ䜘䜚䚸᭷ຠ䛺䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䛯䜑䛻✵㛫䜢ᩚഛ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛿ጇᙜ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛘䜛䚹䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸NCIHC 䛾 Standards ofPractice 䛾䜏䛜㡯┠䜢ྵ䜣䛷䛔䛯䚹NCIHC㻌 (2004) 䛿 Code of Ethics 䛾୰䛷䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛿䚸ἲ䛻ゐ䜜䜛ሙྜ䛚䜘䜃ே㐨䛻཯䛩䜛䜘䛖䛺୙ṇ⾜Ⅽ䜢ぢ䛯䛸䛝䛾䚸ே㛫䛸䛧䛶䛾㏻ヂ䛾⩏ົ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛧䛺䛜䜙䜒䚸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䜢⾜ື䛻෗䛩㝿䛻䛿⣽ᚰ䛾ὀព䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛧䛶䛚䜚䚸⾜ື䛻⛣䛩๓䛻㞠⏝୺䜔ྠ൉䛻┦ㄯ䛧䚸ᝈ⪅䛾䝥䝷䜲䝞䝅䞊䛸ேᶒ䜢ᑛ㔜䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䛾᫝㠀䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸䛺䛚䜒୺ᙇ䛾ศ䛛䜜䜛䛸䛣䜝䛷䛒䜛䛜䚸Cross Cultural HealthCare Program (2014) 䛾 Bridging the Gap 䛾䝔䜻䝇䝖䛻ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛛䜙䚸ᑡ䛺䛟䛸䜒⡿ᅜ䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿་⒪㏻ヂ䜢⾜䛖㝿䛻ᚲせ䛺Ꮫ䜆䜉䛝ᴫᛕ䛷䛒䜛䛸䜏䛺䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛸⪃䛘䜛䚹
7. ࡲ࡜ࡵ
་⒪㏻ヂ⪅䜢ྵ䜐䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛻㛵䛧䛶䛿䚸ୡ⏺ⓗ䛻⤫୍䛧䛯䜒䛾䛿䜎䛰☜❧䛥䜜䛶䛚䜙䛪䚸ྛᅜ䚸ᶵ㛵䛤䛸䛻䜀䜙䛴䛝䛜䛒䜛䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸㏻ヂ䛾㉁䛻㛵䜟䜛ṇ☜ᛶ䜔䚸೔⌮䛻㛵䜟䜛ᶵᐦᛶ䚸୰❧ᛶ䛺䛹䚸ㄪᰝ䜢⾜䛳䛯ᅜ䚻䛾㛫䛷ඹ㏻䛾㡯┠䜒䛒䛳䛯䚹⡿ᅜ䛷䛾ྛᅋయ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛻㛵䛩䜛ᩚഛ≧ἣ䜢ぢ䜛䛸䚸䜎䛪೔⌮つᐃ䛾ไᐃ䚸䛭䛾ᚋඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾⟇ᐃ䚸䛭䛧䛶◊ಟ䚸᭱ᚋ䛻ㄆᐃไᗘ䛾ไᐃ䛸ẁ㝵䜢㋃䜣䛷ᩚഛ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹䛭䛾≧ἣ䜢᪥ᮏ䛻䛒䛶䛿䜑䜛䛸䚸᪥ᮏ䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛾ไᐃ䛾ẁ㝵䜎䛷ᩚഛ≧ἣ䛜᮶䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜛䚹䛣䛾䛣䛸䜢㋃䜎䛘䜛䛸䚸䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾䛖䛱䚸་⒪㏻ヂ䛾௒ᚋ䛾ㄢ㢟䛿䚸඲ᅜ䝺䝧䝹䛾◊ಟ䚸䛭䛧䛶᭱⤊ⓗ䛻඲ᅜ䝺䝧䝹䛾ㄆᐃไᗘ䛾ไᐃ䛷䛒䜛䚹䜎䛯᪥ᮏ䛾་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ඹ ㏻ᇶ‽䛻䚸௚ᅜ䛾ᇶ‽䛸ྠᵝ䛻䝥䝻䝣䜵䝑䝅䝵䝘䝸䝈䝮䛸ᙺ๭䛾ቃ⏺䛻㛵䛩䜛㡯┠䛜ྵ䜎䜜䜜䜀䚸䜘䜚ᅜ㝿♫఍䜢ព㆑䛧䛯䚸་⒪㏻ヂ䛾ㄆ▱䛸ᆅ఩ྥୖ䛾୍ຓ䛸䛺䜛ᇶ‽䛻䛺䜛䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䚹᭦䛻䚸
HIN 䜔 NCIHC 䛾䜘䛖䛻䚸ไᐃ䛧䛯ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䛸᪤Ꮡ䛾೔⌮つᐃ䜢஫䛔䛻㛵㐃௜䛡䛯䛖䛘䛷䚸䛭䛾㡯┠䜢㐩ᡂ䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛺◊ಟ䜢タᐃ䛩䜜䜀䚸ඹ㏻ᇶ‽䜔೔⌮つᐃ䛜⌮᝿ㄽ䛻⤊䜟䜙䛪䚸䛭䛾ෆᐜ䜢ά䛛䛧䛶䛔䛡䜛䛸⪃䛘䜛䚹Millerson (1964) 䛿䚸䛂ᑓ㛛⫋䛸䛿䚸୺ほⓗ䛻䜒ᐈほⓗ䛻䜒䚸┦ᛂ䛾⫋ᴗୖ䛾ᆅ఩䜢ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䚸୍ᐃ䛾◊✲㡿ᇦ䜢ᣢ䛱䚸ᑓ㛛ⓗ䛺カ⦎䛸ᩍ⫱䛸䜢⤒䛶ᅛ᭷䛾⫋ົ䜢⾜䛖䚸ẚ㍑ⓗᆅ఩䛜㧗䛔㠀⫗యⓗ⫋ົ䛻ᒓ䛩䜛⫋ᴗ䜢䛔䛖䛃䛸ᐃ⩏䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾ᑓ㛛⫋䛸䛧䛶䛾♫఍䛾ㄆ㆑䜢㧗䜑䜛䛯䜑䛻άື䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛ᾏእ䛾౛䜢ཧ⪃䛻䛧䛺䛜䜙䚸᪥ᮏ䛾䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱㏻ヂ䛾ᑓ㛛⫋໬䜒㐍䜐䛣䛸䜢㢪䛖䚹......................................................
䛆ㅰ㎡䛇ᮏ◊✲䛿䚸᪥ᮏᏛ⾡᣺⯆఍䛾⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠䠄◊✲άື䝇䝍䞊䝖ᨭ᥼ 26893276䠅䛾ຓᡂ䜢ᚓ䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䚹

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䛆ⴭ⪅⤂௓䛇
኱㔝┤Ꮚ(OHNO Naoko) 2007 ᖺ䚸ⱥᅜ䝞䞊䝇኱Ꮫ㏻ヂ⩻ヂᏛಟኈㄢ⛬ಟ஢䚹2012 ᖺ䚸ᮾி኱

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఍་Ꮫᑓᨷᐈဨ◊✲ဨ䚸ᖇி኱Ꮫ་⒪ඹ㏻ᩍ⫱◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊ᑓ௵ㅮᖌ䠄་⒪ⱥㄒ䠅䚸ᅜ㝿ᇶ╩ᩍ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱◊✲ᡤ◊✲ဨ䚹ᑓ㛛ศ㔝䛿་⒪㏻ヂ䚸་⒪䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䚹㔝ᔱ䜅䛥䛘 (NOJIMA Fusae) 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰䚸䝯䝹䝪䝹䞁ᅾఫ䚹⌧ᅾ䚸The Occupational English
Test Centre (Cambridge Boxhill Language Assessment) 䛻䛶䚸Assessment Support Manager 䛸䛧䛶䚸་⒪⪅ྥ䛡ⱥㄒ䝔䝇䝖䛾㛤Ⓨ䚸㛵㐃䝔䜻䝇䝖䛾ฟ∧䚸᥇Ⅼ䚸᥇Ⅼ⪅⟶⌮䛻ᦠ䜟䜛䚹......................................................
䛆ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩䛇
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Cross Cultural Health Care Program (2014). Bridging The Gap: A Basic Textbook for Medical
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PA: John Benjamins.
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Hale, S. B. (2007). Community Interpreting, London: Palgrave Macmillan.
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cultures meet in general practice: intercultural differences between GPs and parents of childpatients. Patient Education and Counseling, 51, 99-106.
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Laveist, T. A., & Nuru-Jeter, A. (2002). Is doctor-patient race concordance associated with greater
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་⒪㏻ヂࡢᇶ‽ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ༠㆟఍㸦2010㸧ࠗ་⒪㏻ヂࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽࠘་⒪㏻ヂࡢᇶ‽ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ༠㆟఍኱㔝┤Ꮚ (2012)ࠕ་⒪㏻ヂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚲせࢫ࢟ࣝ ʊᩥ⊩⪃ᐹ࡜ᅜෆእࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛᴫほʊࠖࠗᩍ⫱◊✲࠘➨ 55 ྕ:317-326.
኱㔝┤Ꮚ (2014) ࠕ᪥ᮏࡢᡭヰ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡜ⱥㄒ་⒪㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡜ࡢẚ㍑◊✲ ࠖࠗᩍ⫱◊✲࠘➨56 ྕ:157-164.
ᕝෆつ఍ (2011) ࠕ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ་⒪㏻ヂࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟㸫እᅜேデ⒪࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ࠿ࡽ㸫 ࠖࠗKyushu Communication Studies࠘➨ 9 ྕ:25-35.
㏻ヂᩍ⫱ศ⛉఍࣭ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮㏻ヂศ⛉఍ྜྠ౛఍ (2005) ࠕࣉࣟࡢ㏻ヂ⪅࡜࣎ࣛࣥࢸ
࢕࢔㏻ヂ⪅ʊʊࡑࡢᢡࡾྜ࠸ࢆ࡝࠺ࡘࡅࡿ࠿㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡜ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮㏻ヂࡢ⌧ሙ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿࠖࠗ㏻ヂ◊✲࠘➨ 5 ྕ:311-325.
୰ᕝᜨᏊ࣭ከஂ࿴඾Ꮚ (2012) ࠕᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿእᅜே་⒪ࡢ⌧ᅾ࡜௒ᚋ࡬ࡢᒎᮃࠖࠗ▼ᕝ┳ㆤ㞧ㄅ࠘➨ 9 ྕ:23-32.
ℿගὒᏊ (2008) ࠕ་⒪㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ❧ሙࠊᙺ๭ࠊືᶵ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ
ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘➨ 8 ྕ:73-95.
すᮧ᫂ኵ (2011) ࠕ་⒪㏻ヂඹ㏻ᇶ‽ࡢ⟇ᐃ⤒⦋࡜ෆᐜࠖ
ࠗ⮬἞యᅜ㝿໬ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ࠘ 258
ྕ:16-18.

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་⒪㏻ヂࡢඹ㏻ᇶ‽᪥ᮏᨻᗓほගᒁ⤒Ⴀᡓ␎㒊 ⥲ົᗈሗࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ (2014) ሗ㐨Ⓨ⾲㈨ᩱ ᪥ᮏᨻᗓほගᒁࣆ࣮ࣥ࢝ࢺࣥᭌᏊ (2001) ࠕ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡜᪥ᮏࡢ㏻ヂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿၥ㢟 ࠖࠗ㏻ヂ◊✲࠘➨1 ྕ:120-125.
Ỉ㔝┿ᮌᏊ (2008) ࠗࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮㏻ヂධ㛛ʊከゝㄒ♫఍ࢆ㏄࠼࡚ゝⴥࡢቨ࡟࡝࠺ྥࡁ
ྜ࠺࠿…ᬽࡽࡋࡢ୰ࡢ㏻ヂ࠘ ኱㜰ᩍ⫱ᅗ᭩Ỉ㔝┿ᮌᏊ (2005) ࠕྛ✀㏻ヂ೔⌮つᐃࡢෆᐜ࡜ᇶᮏ⌮ᛕ-఍㆟ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ࠊἲᘐࠊ
་⒪㏻ヂࡢ೔⌮つᐃࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠖࠗ㏻ヂ◊✲࠘➨ 5 ྕ:157-172.
ࣜࢡ࣮ࣝࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢫ◊✲ᡤ (2014) ࠗᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍ㞠⏝࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺ ࠘ ࣜࢡ࣮ࣝࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢫ◊✲ᡤ

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