㸺ㄽᩥ㸼䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 䢢 JAITS傘⩻ヂ㏻ヂ兎優免儛兠ᩍ⫱備僔ᥦ᱌僑ྥ傷僌䢢Ṋ⏣⌃௦Ꮚ 䢳䢢 ᒣ⏣ඃ 䢴䢢 ㎞ᓥ儫儈兘儇儧儭 䢵䢢㸦1 ❧ᩍ኱Ꮫ 2 㯇ἑ኱Ꮫ 3 ᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫ㸧This article explores the value of incorporating introductory courses aimed at enhancing ‘Translation
and Interpreting (TI) Literacy’ into TI Education at the undergraduate level. We propose that offeringcourses that provide a basic literacy in TI to a wide range of undergraduate students can be a valuablemeans of both identifying potential students who will go on to pursue professional education in TI as
well as fostering individuals who will go on to become effective users of TI services and supporters of TI
professionals in a wide range of fields. Student feedback from an undergraduate course designed for theabovementioned purposes seems to point to the value of covering a wide range of concepts and issues in
TI practices through a combination of lectures, workshops, exercises and other interactive/participatory
methods that allow students to realize the relevance of TI to their own studies, daily lives, and future
careers.
1. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂࡢᐇ᪋ᶵ㛵࡜ᑐ㇟⪅ࠊࡲࡓ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ኱Ꮫࡢᙺ๭࡟㛵ࡋࠊ᪥ᮏ࡜ㅖእᅜ࡜࡛ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ≧ἣࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡶᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸦e.g. ᰁ㇂, 1996; ᑠᯇ,2005; ⏣୰, 2008; Ṋ⏣, 2012㸧ࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ 100 ᰯ௨ୖࡢ኱Ꮫ࡛⩻ヂ㏻ヂ㛵㐃ᤵᴗࡀᥦ౪ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡣゝㄒᩍ⫱ࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛㸦ᰁ㇂௚, 2005; ⏣୰௚,2007㸧ࠊࣉࣟࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂࡢ୺࡞ᢸ࠸ᡭ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡢࡣ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ఍♫࡞࡝ࡀ⤒Ⴀࡍࡿカ⦎ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡔ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏࡢ≉Ṧ࡞≧ἣࢆᦂࡿࡀࡋ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸ᅜ㝿ⓗືࡁࡀ⌧ᅾ㐍⾜ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ㧗➼ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢ኱ᒁⓗ࡞ぢ┤ࡋࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ᫬ᶵࡀ᮶࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡑࡢ୰ᚰⓗ㆟㢟࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡀ ISO㸦ᅜ㝿ᶆ‽໬ᶵᵓ㸧࡛⟇ᐃ୰ࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿྛ✀ᅜ㝿つ᱁㸦ISO17100 ࡞࡝㸧1 ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡶࠊࣉࣟ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ➹㢌ᐃ⩏࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᏛ఩ྲྀᚓ⪅ࠖ࡜࠸࠺㡯┠ࡀ᫂♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௒ᚋࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ఍♫ࡀ ISO ㄆドࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ࣭኱Ꮫ㝔࡛⩻ヂ㏻ヂカ⦎ࢆཷࡅࡓேᮦࡢ✚ᴟⓗ㞠⏝ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀࡀࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᴗ⏺࠿ࡽࡢᮇᚅࡸ㛵ᚰࡢኌ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ࠗ᪥ᮏ⩻ヂࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣝ࠘ 2014 ᖺ 11/12 ᭶ྕ2 ࡞࡝ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋᐇ㝿ࠊ኱ᮾᩥ໬኱Ꮫࠊ⚄ᡞዪᏛ㝔኱Ꮫࠊᮾிእᅜㄒ኱Ꮫࠊ⚄ᡞᕷእᅜㄒ኱Ꮫࡢྛ኱Ꮫ㝔࡞࡝ࡀᐇົᚿྥࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱ࢆ⌧ᅾᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࠕ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅࡟࡞ࡿࡓࡵࡢカ⦎ࡣᑓ㛛ࡢ኱Ꮫ㝔࡛ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ㄆ㆑ࡀ᪥ᮏ࡛ᐃ╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣゝ࠸㞴࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊISO ࡀ᥎ዡࡋᴗ⏺
ࡶᮇᚅࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞⩻ヂ㏻ヂ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡀ᪥ᮏ࡛๰タࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࡇ࡛ᣦᑟࡍࡿ᭷㈨᱁ᩍဨ
11ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ(2014)㸦Ꮫ఩ࠊ◊✲ᴗ⦼ࠊᐇົ⤒㦂ࠊᩍṔ࡞࡝ࡢせ௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍᩍဨ㸧ࡢ☜ಖࡀᅔ㞴ࡔ࡜࠸࠺኱ࡁ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡀṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡽࡶ⩻ヂ⎔ቃࡢ⌧≧࡟↷ࡽࡋࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞⩻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂἲࡢ◊✲㸦❧ᩍ SFR⩻ヂ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ, 2013ࠊࠗ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࣏࣮ࢱࣝ࠘3 ࡞࡝ࢆཧ↷㸧࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ୰࡛ࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔࡛ࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂࡀ୍⯡ⓗ័⾜࡜ࡋ࡚☜❧ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔࡛ࡢᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱ᙉ໬ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᐇ㊶࡟࠾ࡅࡿㅖ┦ࡸᑓ㛛ᛶࠊయ⣔ⓗ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢ㔜せᛶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎࢆ㔊ᡂࡍࡿ〈㔝ⓗᩍ⫱ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ㄆ㆑࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅ࡟⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇ㊶࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㐺ษ࡞⌮ゎࡸᑐᛂ⬟ຊࢆᾰ㣴ࡍࡿࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢ◊✲ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࠊࡑࡢࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶ࡜ࢹࣜࣂ࣮ࣜ᪉ἲࡢᥦ᱌࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊࡲࡎࠊᏛ㒊⏕ᑐ㇟ࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࡸᐇ㊶ሗ࿌ࢆࣞࣅࣗ
࣮ࡋࠊࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᐃ⩏࡜ㄽᣐࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࠋḟ࡟ࠊ➹⪅ࡽࡀྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇࡔࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢ୍ࡘ࡛ࠊ❧ᩍ኱ᏛᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅ࡟㛤ㅮࡋࡓࠕ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ࡜⌧௦♫఍ࠖࡢᐇ᪋≧ἣࢆᏛ⏕ࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ࡞࡝ࢆࡶ࡜࡟᣺ࡾ㏉ࡿࠋ⥆࠸࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠊᵓᡂせ⣲ࠊࢹࣜࣂ࣮ࣜ᪉ἲ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ึᮇⓗ࡞⪃ᐹࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ᭱ᚋ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜ᮏ
◊✲ࡢᒎᮃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡿࠋ
2. ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ ኱ᏛࡢᏛ㒊ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡛ࡣఱࢆᩍ࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠋࡇࡢၥ࠸ࢆᕠࡗ࡚ᅜෆእ࡛ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞㆟ㄽࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱┠ⓗࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊఏ⤫ⓗ࡟ࡣࠕࣉࣟ⩻ヂ࣭
㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ㣴ᡂࠖࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࡜ࡾࢃࡅᅜෆ࡛ࡣࠊẸ㛫ࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᏛᰯࡀࡑࡢᙺ๭ࢆᢸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓṔྐࡀ࠶ࡾ㸦Ṋ⏣, 2012 ࡞࡝ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠊ኱Ꮫ࣭኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢥ࣮ࢫࡶࠊྠᵝࡢ┠ⓗ࡛ࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢඛ㥑ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡀ኱ᮾᩥ໬኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⤒῭Ꮫ◊✲⛉㏻ヂࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࠊ1995ᖺ௨᮶ಟ஢⏕ࡢ 4 ๭௨ୖࡀࣉࣟ㏻ヂ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ά㌍࡛ࡁࡿᡂᯝࢆୖࡆ࡚ࡁࡓ㸦Ώ㒊, 2010㸧ࠋࡑࡢᚋࡶࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞኱Ꮫ㝔࡛㢮ఝࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣉࣟ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂ࡜࠸࠺┠ⓗࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡣ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊᏛ㒊⏕ᑐ㇟ࡢ⩻
ヂ㏻ヂࢥ࣮ࢫ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊㄒᏛຊ୙㊊ࡢၥ㢟ࡀ㢧ᅾ໬ࡍࡿ 4ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࡣࠊࠕࣉࣟ㣴ᡂࠖࡢ┠ⓗ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ┠ᶆタᐃࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡾࠊእ
ᅜㄒᩍ⫱ࡢ୍㒊࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕㄒᏛຊࡢᙉ໬ࠖࡸࠕ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩍ⫱ࠖࡢ┠ᶆࢆᥖࡆࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢥ࣮ࢫࡀከᩘࢆ༨ࡵࡿ㸦ᰁ㇂௚, 2005; 㛗἟, 2008㸧ࠋ ≉࡟⩻ヂ㏻ヂカ⦎ࡢࠕධ㛛ࣞ࣋ࣝࠖࡢࢡࣛࢫ࡛ࡣࠊከࡃࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾࠸࡚እᅜㄒᩍ⫱ࡀ┠ᣦࡍ┠ⓗ࡜ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸࠺㆟ㄽࡶ࠶ࡿ㸦✄⏕௚, 2010㸧ࠋࡘࡲࡾ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢࢫ࢟ࣝカ⦎
ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊᏛ⏕ࡀ␗ᩥ໬ⓗ౯್ほ࡞࡝࡟ࡶ┠ࢆྥࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡬ࡢẼ࡙ࡁࢆಁࡍ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡔࠋࡲࡓࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᐇ㊶ࢆࠊゝㄒࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥάື࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣓ࢱㄆ▱άືࢆಁࡍࡓࡵࡢࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺
ヨࡳࡶ࠶ࡿ㸦ibid.㸧ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࠊᏛ㒊ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ₇⩦ࡀࠕእᅜㄒᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᯟ⤌࡛ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿカ⦎ἲࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢆእᅜㄒᩍ⫱࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡿ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣࠊ᭱㏆࡛ࡣ TILT (translation in language22ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᥦ᱌࡟ྥࡅ࡚teaching) 㸦Cook, 2010㸧࡜ࡶ࿧ࡤࢀ࡚ὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊእᅜㄒᩍ⫱࡛⌧ᅾ୺ὶࡢCA㸦ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ࢝ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸧ࡸࠕⱥㄒࡣⱥㄒ࡛ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࣔࣀࣜࣥ࢞ࣜࢬ࣒ⓗ࡞ⱥㄒᩍᤵἲ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ㸦࠾ࡼࡧ㏻ヂ㸧ࡢ᚟ᶒࢆ┠ᣦࡍ୺ᙇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊᰁ㇂㸦2010㸧ࡣࠊ⩻ヂࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺సᴗࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᏛ⩦⪅ࡣゝㄒࡢࠕ῝࠸ฎ⌮ࠖ㸦㉳Ⅼ࣭┠ᶆࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢ⾲ᒙⓗ࡞➼౯࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊព࿡ⓗ࣭ㄒ⏝ㄽⓗ࡞➼౯ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢཎᩥࡢ῝࠸ゎ㔘㸧ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࠊࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡢᇶᗏゝㄒ⬟ຊࡀᙉ໬ࡉࢀࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊL2 ࡢ⩦ᚓࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ CEFR㸦࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃゝㄒඹ㏻ཧ↷ᯟ㸧㸦2001 ᖺ࡟኱ᖜᨵゞ㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥゝㄒάື㸦communicative language activities㸧ࡢᯟ⤌࡟␗ᩥ໬㛫ࡢࠕ௰௓㸦mediating activities㸧ࠖ⬟ຊࡀຍ࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊእᅜㄒᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂせ⣲ࡢᚲせᛶࡣࠊࡉࡽ࡞ࡿጇᙜᛶ࡜ㄝᚓຊࢆࡶࡗ࡚ㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᰁ㇂௚, 2013; ୰ᮧ,2014㸧ࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᅜෆࡢᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ⛉┠ࡣ୺࡟እᅜㄒᩍ⫱ࡢᘏ㛗⥺ୖ࡟࠶ࡾࠊ⩻ヂ
㏻ヂࡢᐇ㊶₇⩦ࡣࠊゝㄒⓗ࡞࣓ࢱㄆ▱⬟ຊࡸ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࢆ㣴࠺ࡓࡵࡢࢶ࣮ࣝࡸ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ࡔࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢᐇ᪋≧ἣ࡜ᡂᯝࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୍᪉ࠊㄒᏛᑓᨷ௨እࡢᏛ⏕ࡶᖜᗈࡃᑐ㇟࡟ࡋࡓ୍⯡ᩍ㣴ㄢ⛬ⓗ࡞⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢᥦ᱌ࡸᐇ㊶ሗ࿌ࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢ≧ἣࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊḟ⠇࡛ࡣࠊᮏ✏ࡀᥦ᱌ࡍࡿࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᐃ⩏࡜ㄽᣐ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡓ࠸ࠋ
3㸬ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᐃ⩏࡜ㄽᣐ⌧ᅾࠊࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮㸦literacy㸧࡜࠸࠺⏝ㄒࡣࠊᚑ᮶࠿ࡽࡢࠕ㆑Ꮠࠖࠕㄞࡳ᭩ࡁ⬟ຊࠖࡼࡾࡶ
ᣑᙇࡉࢀࡓព࿡࡛౑⏝ࡉࢀࠊࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ෆᐜࢆゝཬࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ⏝౛ࡣ኱ࡁࡃ஧ࡘ࡟ศ㢮࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊ୺࡟ࣘࢿࢫࢥ㸦ᅜ㐃ᩍ⫱⛉Ꮫᩥ໬ᶵ㛵㸧
ࡸ OECD㸦⤒῭༠ຊ㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸧࡞࡝ࡢᅜ㝿ᶵ㛵ࡲࡓྛᅜᨻᗓࡀᩍ⫱ࡸᏛຊ࡟㛵ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ୰࡛ゝཬࡍࡿࠕࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ༢⣧࡟ᩥᏐࢆㄞࡳ᭩ࡁ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺ಶேࡢ⮬ᚊⓗ⬟ຊࢆᣦࡍྂ඾ⓗ࡞ᐃ⩏࠿ࡽฟⓎࡋࠊᢈุⓗⓎᒎࢆ࡜ࡆࡓᴫᛕࡔࠋ♫఍࡛ேࡀ༑඲࡟ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࡸᇶ♏⬟ຊ㸦ᶵ⬟ⓗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮㸧ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢸࢡࢫࢺࡀෆໟࡍࡿ࢖ࢹ
࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࡸ౯್ほࢆㄞࡳྲྀࡿᢈุⓗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࡞࡝ࡢ㆟ㄽࢆ⤒࡚ࠊ௒ࡸࠊࠕࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖࡣࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡟ᕥྑࡉࢀࡿ」㞧࠿ࡘືⓗ࡞ᴫᛕ࡛ࠊࡑࡢᐃ⩏ࡣከඖⓗ࡛ኚ໬ࡋ⥆ࡅࡿࡶࡢࡔ
࡜ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸦e.g. UNESCO, 2006㸹ᵽཱྀ, 2010㸹ᯇሯ࣭ඵ㘵, 2010㸧ࠋࡕ࡞ࡳ࡟ࠊOECD ࡢᅜ㝿ᡂேຊㄪᰝ
㸦Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies㸧࡛ࡣࠊࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮㸦ᅜ❧ᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤࡢヂ࡛ࡣࠕㄞゎຊࠖ㸧ࢆࠕ♫఍࡟ཧຍࡋࠊ⮬ࡽࡢ┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࠊ⮬ࡽࡢ▱㆑࡜ྍ⬟ᛶࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ᭩࠿ࢀࡓࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆ⌮ゎࡋࠊホ౯ࡋࠊ฼⏝ࡋࠊࡇࢀ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ⬟ຊࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅜ❧ᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ, 2013, p. 7㸧ࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢᴫᛕࡀ㢮ẚⓗ࡟㐺⏝ࡉࢀࠊ࠶ࡿ≉ᐃ㡿ᇦ࡛ᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿᇶ♏▱㆑ࡸࢶ࣮ࣝά⏝⬟ຊ࡬ࡢゝཬ࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ᭱ࡶ୍⯡ⓗ࡞஦౛ࡣࠊ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠊ᝟ሗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࣮ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࡞࡝࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ᝟ሗᢏ⾡ࡢⓎᒎࢆ⫼ᬒ࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓩሙࡋࡓࠋ௒ࡸࠊ࣮ࣜ࢞ࣝࠊ࣊ࣝࢫࠊ㔠⼥ࠊ⛉Ꮫ࡞࡝ࢆෙ࡜ࡋࡓࠕࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖࡀⱥ

33ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ(2014)ㄒࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ୧᪉ࡢࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡛ㄒࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡶࠊヱᙜศ㔝࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿᇶᗏⓗ▱㆑ࢆ᭷ࡋࠊ᝟ሗࡸ஦㇟ࢆᢈุⓗ࡟ㄞࡳゎࡁࠊ⬟ືⓗ࡟ά⏝ࡍࡿ⬟ຊࢆᥖࡆࠊࡑࢀࡀ♫఍࡛ேࡀ༑඲࡟ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿୖ࡛㔜せࡔ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ✏ࡀᥦ♧ࡍࡿࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖࡶࠊࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ஦౛࡟࡞ࡽ࠸ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢㅖ┦ࢆ⌮ゎࡋᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿᇶ♏⬟ຊ࡜ࡋ࡚ᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࠋ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡸ་⒪᝟ሗࢆㄞࡳゎࡃ⬟ຊࡀࠊ⌧௦ேࡢ⏕άࡸ⚟♴࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬♫఍࡛␗ゝㄒ࣭␗ᩥ໬㛫ࡢࡸࡾ࡜ࡾࡀ᪥ᖖⓗ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᢏ⾡ࡀᛴ㏿࡟㐍ᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ௒᪥ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢆ௓ࡋࡓ᝟ሗࡢཷᐜ࡜Ⓨಙࡢᮏ㉁ࡸ௙⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢẼ࡙ࡁࠊࡲࡓࢶ࣮ࣝࡢホ౯࣭ά⏝⬟ຊࢆഛ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊேࡢ▱ぢࡸྍ⬟ᛶࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡜ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᳜Ẹ⤫἞ࠊ⪷᭩⩻ヂࠊᏐᖥࠊᶵᲔ⩻ヂ࡜㆑Ꮠᩍ⫱ࡢ㛵ಀ࡞࡝ࠊྂ඾ⓗ࡞ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࡀ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿࠶ࡿ
㸦e.g. Kathari, 2000; Geraghy, 2003; Dubey, 2011㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⩻ヂ⪅ࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢫࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚᝟ሗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࢆᢅ࠺ㄽ⪃㸦e.g. Massey & Ehrensberger-Dow, 2011㸧ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᮏ✏࡛ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࠕࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖࡣ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ◊✲ศ㔝࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡇࢀࡽࡢඛ⾜ᩥ⊩࡛ᢅࢃࢀࡿྂ඾ⓗ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ௚㡿ᇦࡢࠕࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡇࡇ࡛᫂グࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ ➹⪅ࡽࡀᥦ᱌ࡍࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ⾜Ⅽࡸ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿໟᣓⓗ࡞▱㆑ࡸᑐᛂ⬟ຊࢆ㔊ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡸࢶ࣮ࣝࡢຠᯝⓗ࡞฼⏝⪅ࠊᑓ㛛⫋࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ㔜せᛶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎ⪅ࠊࡲࡓࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᑓ㛛カ⦎ࡸ◊✲࡟㐍ࡴೃ⿵⪅ࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿእᅜ
ㄒᩍ⫱ࡸ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࠊࡲࡓࠊᩥᏛ◊✲ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡿ⩻ヂᐇ⩦࡜ࡣ୍⥺ࢆ⏬ࡍࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᐇ㊶ࡸ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ≧ἣ࡜┿ṇ㠃࡟ྥࡁྜ࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢືᶵࡸ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡶࡢࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊ๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ኱Ꮫ
㝔࡛ࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂࡀᐃ╔ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᑓ㛛ᛶࡸయ⣔ⓗ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢᚲせᛶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎࢆ㔊ᡂࡍࡿ〈㔝ⓗᩍ⫱ࡶ᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᨻ἞ᐙⓎゝࡢᅜ㝿ሗ㐨 5 ࡸᮾி࢜ࣜࣥࣆࢵࢡࡢ‽ഛάື࡟࡜ࡶ࡞࠸ࠊᅜ㝿♫఍࡟ྥࡅࡓṇ☜࡛ຠᯝⓗ࡞᝟ሗⓎಙࢆᨭ᥼ࡍࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ⬟ຊࡢ㔜せᛶࡀㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࠊከゝㄒከᩥ໬ᆅᇦ♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥭ᛴ᫬ᨭ᥼ࡑࡢ௚බඹࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡛ࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢽ࣮ࢬࡀ☜ᐇ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ୰࡛ࠊᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱ࢆཷࡅࡿ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ೃ⿵ࡢືᶵ࡙ࡅࢆಁࡍࡼ࠺࡞ᩍ⫱ࡀᚲせࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥᑐᛂ⩻ヂ࢔ࣉࣜࡸᶵᲔ⩻ヂ࡞࡝ࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮ࡢᛴ㏿࡞㐍ᒎ࡞࡝ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⤌⧊ࡸಶேࡀ
⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢶ࣮ࣝࡢ฼Ⅼࡸၥ㢟Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⌮ゎࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࢆ⬟ືⓗ࡟ά⏝࡛ࡁࡿ⬟ຊࢆᾰ㣴ࡍࡿᩍ⫱ࡶᚲせࡔ࡜࠸࠺ㄆ㆑࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋ EUࠊISOࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢᅜ㝿ᅋయ࡞࡝࡛ᗈࡃㄆ▱ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㧗➼ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡛ࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂࡸࠕB ゝㄒ࠿ࡽ A ゝㄒ࡬ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⩻ヂ᪉ྥࡢ᥎ዡ࡞࡝࡟ᅔᝨࡋࠊࠕࢡࣟࣇࢿࡀࡸࡗ࡚
ࡃࡿࠖ㸦㈈⤒᪂⪺, 2013㸧࡜཯ᛂࡍࡿ᪥ᮏࡢ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡣࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ័⾜ࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀࡓࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖࢆ༑ศ࡟ഛ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢙࢘ࣈࢧ࢖ࢺࡸ᭩⡠ࡢ⩻ヂࢆᶵᲔ࡟୸ᢞࡆࡋ࡚ࠊ⏝ㄒ㞟సᡂࡸ⦅㞟సᴗࢆᛰࡾࠊㄗヂࡀከⓎࡋࡓ౛ 6 ࡶࠊ⩻ヂࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢ౫㢗⪅ࡸᥦ౪⪅ࡢᶵᲔ⩻ヂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠕࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖࡢḞዴࢆ㟢࿊ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ⫋ົ೔⌮ࢆᥖࡆࡿ⫋⬟ᅋయࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ 7ࠊ་⒪ࡸྖἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㏻ヂࡢබⓗ44ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᥦ᱌࡟ྥࡅ࡚㈨᱁ㄆᐃไᗘࡀᩚഛࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊἲᘐ㏻ヂ⪅ࡢᩱ㔠ࡀࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᥦ౪ᚋ࡟⿢ุ㛗ࡢ⿢㔞࡛Ỵࡲࡿࡼ࠺࡞᪥ᮏࡢ≧ἣ㸦e.g. Ṋ⏣, 2013a㸧ࡣࠊᑓ㛛⫋࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ♫఍ⓗᙺ๭࡟ᑐࡍࡿព㆑ࡀᕼⷧ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࠋ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢせ௳ࠊࢶ࣮ࣝࡢ㐺ᮦ㐺ᡤⓗ࡞౑⏝ࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ⫋ົ೔⌮ࡸᑓ㛛ᛶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎ࡞࡝ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶᮏⓗ▱㆑ࢆ㔊ᡂࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊḢ⡿ࠊ㡑ᅜࠊྎ‴ࠊ୰ᅜࠊ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣛࣜ࢔࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡞኱Ꮫ㝔࡛ࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂࡢᚲせᛶࡀ᪥ᮏ࡛ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞ᐇ᪋ࡀ᰿௜ࡃࡇ
࡜࡟㈉⊩࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ⾜Ⅽࡢㅖ┦࡟ᑐࡍࡿໟᣓⓗ࡞⌮ゎࢆ㔊ᡂࡋࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᑓ㛛⫋カ⦎ࡸ◊✲ࡢᅵྎ࡙ࡃࡾ࡟࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡣࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ♫఍ⓗᙺ๭࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㆟ㄽ࡞
࡝ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬ࡉࢀࡓ⤒῭ࡸᩥ໬ࠊከゝㄒከᩥ໬ඹ⏕♫఍ࠊᅜ㝿ᨻ἞࡞࡝࡟࠾ࡅࡿ௒᪥ⓗㄢ㢟࡟㛵ࡍࡿẼ࡙ࡁࢆಁࡍࡶࡢ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋḟ⠇࡛ࡣࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚➹⪅ࡽࡀ㛤Ⓨࠊᐇ᪋ࡋࡓᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅࡢᤵᴗ⛉┠ࡢᴫせ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᐇ㝿࡟ᒚಟ⪅ࡀࡇ
ࡢᤵᴗࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠕẼ࡙ࡁࠖࢆ⤒㦂ࡋࡓ࠿ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿࠋ4㸬ᐇ㊶ሗ࿌ ࠗ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ࡜⌧௦♫఍࠘
4.1 ᴫせ:┠ⓗ࡜ᐇ᪋≧ἣ ➹⪅ࡽࡣࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠗ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ࡜⌧௦♫఍࠘࡜㢟ࡋࡓᤵᴗࢆ❧ᩍ኱Ꮫࡢ඲Ꮫඹ㏻࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡢ᪂つ⛉┠࡜ࡋ࡚㛤Ⓨࡋࠊ2013ᖺᗘᚋᮇ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋሗ
㐨ࠊᨻᗓ࣭⾜ᨻࠊⱁ⾡࣭ᩥ໬ࠊ་⒪ࠊᩍ⫱࠿ࡽ⏘ᴗࡲ࡛ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ศ㔝࡛ά㌍ࡍࡿᑓ㛛ᐙࢆࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝࡜ࡋ࡚ᣍࡁࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᐇ㊶஦౛ࢆᖜᗈࡃᥦ♧ࡋࡓࠋ⌧௦♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᙺ๭࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿྠ⛉┠ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ኱ࡁ࡞≉ᚩࡣࠊㅮᖌࡸᏛ⏕ࡢᑓ㛛࣭㛵ᚰ㡿ᇦࡢከᵝᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ඲14ᅇࡢ࠺ࡕ11ᅇࡢᤵᴗ࡛ィ14ྡࡢࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࡀୗグࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࠊ
ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ศ㔝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㅮ⩏ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋྛศ㔝ࡢ㏻ヂ࣭⩻ヂ⪅ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ◊✲⪅ࠊ㛤Ⓨ⪅ࠊ௻ᴗࡸNPOࡢ㏻ヂ⩻ヂᴗົࡢࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢺᴗົࡢᢸᙜ⪅࡞࡝ࢆྵࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⌧௦♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᐇ㊶ࢆከゅⓗ࡞どⅬ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿᶵ఍ࡢᥦ౪ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࠋ௨ୗࡣ㐌ࡈ࡜ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࡢ୍ぴ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

➨1ᅇ
➨2ᅇ
➨3ᅇ
➨4ᅇ
➨5ᅇ
➨6ᅇ

ࢸ࣮࣐
࢚࢜ࣜࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ
ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂᨻᗓ㛫஺΅ࡢ㏻ヂ
་⒪㏻ヂ
ᡭヰ㏻ヂ
࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔⩻ヂࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝

➨7ᅇ
➨8ᅇ
➨9ᅇ
➨10ᅇ
➨11ᅇ

ᩥⱁ⩻ヂ⪷᭩⩻ヂᫎ⏬Ꮠᖥࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ௻ᴗࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂᡓ␎ᶵᲔ⩻ヂ࡜ࢡࣛ࢘ࢻࢯ࣮ࢩࣥࢢ

➨12ᅇ⫋ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⩻ヂ

55

ᨺ㏦㏻ヂ⪅ࠊ㔠⼥ࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ⩻ヂ⪅
ᨻᗓ㏻ヂᐁ་⒪㏻ヂᨭ᥼ᅋయࢫࢱࢵࣇᡭヰ㏻ヂ⪅◊✲⪅㸦ゝㄒ᝟ሗᏛࠊ㏻ヂ◊✲㸧㸭࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔⩻ヂࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ㐠Ⴀ㈐௵⪅ᩥⱁ⩻ヂᐙ㸭◊✲⪅㸦ⱥ⡿ᩥᏛ㸧◊✲⪅㸦⪷᭩⪃ྂᏛ㸧Ꮠᖥ⩻ヂᐙ࢔ࣃࣞࣝ௻ᴗᅜ㝿ᴗົᢸᙜ⪅኱ᡭ࣓࣮࣮࢝ᶵᲔ⩻ヂ㛤Ⓨᢸᙜ⪅ࠊ࣋ࣥࢳ࣮ࣕ௻ᴗ௦⾲ฟ∧࣭⏘ᴗ⩻ヂ⪅ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ(2014)➨13ᅇ
➨14ᅇࡲ࡜ࡵヨ㦂⾲-1 ࠗ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ࡜⌧௦♫఍࠘ᤵᴗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠊ㐌ࡈ࡜ࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ୍࣮࣮࢝ぴ඲Ꮫඹ㏻࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓྠ⛉┠ࡣࠊ❧ᩍ኱Ꮫࡢ඲10Ꮫ㒊㸦ෆ24ᑓᨷ㸧ࡢᏛ⏕ࠊྜィ152ྡࡀᒚಟࡋࡓࠋ⤒῭Ꮫ㒊㸦42ྡ㸧ࠊᩥᏛ㒊㸦35ྡ㸧ࠊ♫఍Ꮫ㒊㸦35ྡ㸧ࡢ3Ꮫ㒊࡛ྜࢃࡏ࡚඲యࡢ7๭௨ୖࢆ༨ࡵࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ௚࡟ࡶࠊ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᏛ㒊㸦9ྡ㸧ࠊほගᏛ㒊㸦5ྡ㸧ࠊ⤒ႠᏛ㒊㸦4ྡ㸧ࠊἲᏛ㒊㸦3ྡ㸧ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮⚟♴Ꮫ㒊㸦2ྡ㸧ࠊ⌧௦ᚰ⌮Ꮫ㒊㸦1ྡ㸧ࠊ⌮Ꮫ㒊㸦1ྡ㸧ࡢᏛ⏕ࡸ௚኱ᏛࡢᏛ⏕㸦5ྡ㸧ࡶᒚಟࡋࡓࠋᏛᖺ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ1ᖺ⏕㸦103ྡ㸧ࡀ⣙7๭ࢆ༨ࡵࡓࡀࠊ2ᖺ⏕㸦16ྡ㸧
ࠊ3ᖺ⏕(11ྡ)ࠊ4ᖺ⏕(8ྡ)ࡢᏛ⏕ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡃࠊ≉࡟3ࠊ4ᖺ⏕ࡢᏛ⏕࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⮬ࡽࡢᑓ㛛ศ㔝㸦ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊࠕ⤒Ⴀࠖࠊࠕᨻ⟇ࠖࠊࠕ⚟♴ࠖ࡞࡝㸧࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼࡞ࡀࡽࠊ≉࡟㧗࠸┠ⓗព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ᒚಟࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࣜ࢔ࢡࢩ࣭࣮ࣙࣥ࣌ࣃ࣮࡞࡝࠿ࡽఛ࠼ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡸㄒᏛ࡟㛵ᚰࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊᚲࡎࡋࡶ⩻ヂ㏻ヂศ㔝ࡢᑓ㛛⫋ࢆᚿࡋ࡚ࡣ࠸࡞࠸ࡢࡶࠊ௒ᅇࡢᒚಟ⏕ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᤵᴗࡢᐇ᪋᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ150ே௨ୖࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿධ㛛⛉┠࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ➹⪅ࡽࡸࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝࡟ࡼࡿㅮ⩏࠾ࡼࡧ㉁␲ᛂ⟅ࢆᇶᮏᙧᘧ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ࢚࢜ࣜࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࠊࡲ࡜ࡵࠊ᭱⤊ヨ㦂ࢆ㝖ࡃ11ᅇࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡣࠊୖ㏙ࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࠊẖ㐌1ࠊ2ྡࡢࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝࡟ࡼࡿㅮ⩏ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋㅮ⩏ࡢ๓㐌ࡲ࡛࡟ࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࡀᥦ♧ࡋࡓ஦๓ㄢ㢟ࡣࠊ୺࡟ཧ⪃㈨ᩱ
ࡢ☜ㄆࡀ୰ᚰ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᩥⱁ⩻ヂࡢㅮ⩏࡞࡝࡛ࡣࠊ஦๓࡟Ꮫ⏕࡟୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓ⩻ヂㄢ㢟ࢆᇶ࡟ᤵᴗෆ࡛㸦༏ྡࡢ㸧ㅮホࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ་⒪㏻ヂࡢㅮ⩏࡞࡝࡛ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡀලయⓗ࡞஦౛࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࠕయ㦂ᆺࠖࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࡶ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡓࠋྛᤵᴗࡢᚋ༙࡟㉁␲ᛂ⟅ࡢ᫬㛫ࢆタࡅࡿ࡜ࠊᏛ⏕ࡶ✚ᴟⓗ࡟㉁ၥࢆࡋࠊㅮᖌ࡜Ꮫ⏕ࡢ㛫࡛᭷ព⩏࡞ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋྠ᫬࡟ࠊᏛ⏕ࡀࣜ࢔ࢡࢩ࣭࣮ࣙࣥ࣌ࣃ࣮ࢆ᭩ࡃ᫬㛫ࢆタࡅࠊࡑࡢෆᐜࢆࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࢝
࣮࡟ᚋ᪥ఏ࠼ࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ㉁ၥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࡢᅇ⟅࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ⩣㐌ᤵᴗ࡛඲ဨࡀඹ
᭷ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࡋ࡚ࠊㅮ⩏ᤵᴗ࡟ከᑡ࡞ࡾ࡜ࡶ࢖ࣥࢱࣛࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞せ⣲ࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡿດຊࡶ࡞ࡉ
ࢀࡓࠋ᭱⤊ヨ㦂ࡢ๓㐌࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓ➹⪅ࡽ࡟ࡼࡿࠕࡲ࡜ࡵࠖࡢㅮ⩏࡛ࡣࠊ14ྡ㸦11ศ㔝㸧ࡢࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝࡟ࡼࡿಶูࡢㅮ⩏ࢆࡘ࡞ࡆࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊྛศ㔝ࡢ⌧≧ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ≉࡟ࠕᚲせᛶࠖࠊࠕᑓ㛛ᛶࠖࠊ
ࠕከᵝᛶࠖ࡞࡝ࢆ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ࡟ศ㔝㛫ࡢ㢮ఝᛶ࣭ᕪ␗ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊ᭱
ᚋ࡟㏻ヂ⩻ヂศ㔝ࡀ┤㠃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ⪃࠼ࡿᶵ఍࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ᭱⤊ヨ㦂࡛ࡣࠊࠕᙺ๭ࠖࠊࠕሗ㓘ࠖࠊࠕࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮ࠖ࡞࡝ࡢษࡾཱྀ࠿ࡽࠕ⌧௦♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿㄢ㢟ࢆ୕ᢥไ࡛ᥦ♧ࡋࠊᏛ⏕ࡢ⪃ᐹࡢ῝ࡉࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ
4.2 Ꮫ⏕࣭ㅮᖌࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ㸦ࣜ࢔ࢡࢩ࣭࣮ࣙࣥ࣌ࣃ࣮ࠊ᭱⤊ヨ㦂ࠊ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ㸧 ୖ㏙ࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࠊẖᅇࡢㅮ⩏ࡢ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠕࣜ࢔ࢡࢩ࣭࣮ࣙࣥ࣌ࣃ࣮ࠖࢆ᭩ࡃ᫬㛫ࢆタࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᏛ⏕࠿ࡽࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࢆ㝶᫬ཷࡅࡘࡅࠊཧ⪃࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ᭱⤊᪥࡟࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᙜึࡢᒚಟ⌮⏤ࠊ༳㇟࡟ṧࡗࡓㅮ⩏࣭ࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࠊᑓᨷࡸᏛ⏕⏕ά࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶ࡞࡝ࠊ⛉┠඲య࡟㛵ࡍࡿᏛ⏕ࡢ༳㇟ࡸせᮃࡶ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋᒚ
ಟࡢ⌮⏤࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࠊⱥㄒࠊㄒᏛࠖ࡬ࡢ㛵ᚰࢆᣲࡆࡿᏛ⏕ࡀ152ྡ୰75ྡ࡜᭱ࡶ66

ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᥦ᱌࡟ྥࡅ࡚ከ࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝࡟ࡼࡿㅮ⩏ࢆཷࡅࡿᶵ఍࡜⟅࠼ࡓᏛ⏕ࡶ18ྡ࡜┠❧ࡗࡓࠋ≉࡟༳㇟࡟ṧࡗࡓࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝࡟ࡼࡿㅮ⩏࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᨻᗓ㛫஺΅ࡢ㏻ヂࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ௻ᴗࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᡓ␎ࠊᩥⱁ⩻ヂࠊᫎ⏬Ꮠᖥ࠾ࡼࡧ་⒪㏻ヂ࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋ ᨻᗓ㛫㏻ヂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅮ⩏࡛ࡣࠊࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࡢ⫋ົ࡬ࡢࢫࢱࣥࢫ㸦
ࠕ┿ᦸࠖ
ࠕ⇕ᚰࠖ
ࠕᴦࡋࡑ࠺ࠖ
ࠕ඘ᐇࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ
㸧ࡀᏛ⏕࡟ឤ㖭ࢆ୚࠼ࡓ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊࡑࡢᐇ᝟㸦ࠕ㔜ປാࠖ࡞࡝㸧ࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠕ⮬ศ࡟ࡣྥ࠿࡞࠸࡜ᛮࡗࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ꮫ⏕ࡢṇ┤࡞ពぢࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ௻ᴗࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᡓ␎࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅮ⩏࡛ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡀࠕ㌟㏆ࠖ࡟ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ௻ᴗࡀࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝᡓ␎ࠖࡢ୰࡛⩻ヂ
㏻ヂࢆ㔜せどࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ஦ᐇࡀᙉ࠸༳㇟ࢆṧࡍ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊ
ࠕ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢ඾ᆺⓗ࡞ᚅࡘࡔࡅࡢᏛ⏕࡛࡞ࡃࠊ⮬ศ࠿ࡽ⬟ືⓗ࡞࢔ࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆ㉳ࡇࡏࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ࡜ᛮࡗࡓࠖ࡞࡝ࠊ
⮬ࡽࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡾཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ពぢࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋᮏ⛉┠ࡢᒚಟ⪅ࡣ1ᖺ⏕ࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ༞ᴗᚋ࡟ᑵࡃ⫋࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᖖ࡟⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿᏛ⏕ࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽࡣࠊࠕ௙஦ࠖࡸࠕ࢟
ࣕࣜ࢔ࠖ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿಶேⓗ࡞ヰࡶࠊㅮ⩏ෆᐜࡀࡼࡾࠕ㌟㏆ࠖ࡞ࡶ࡜ࡋ࡚ឤࡌࡽࢀࡿຠᯝࡀ㧗࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᏛ⏕ࡀᒚಟ๓࠿ࡽẚ㍑ⓗࠕ㌟㏆ࠖ࡟ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠕᩥⱁ⩻ヂࠖࡢㅮ⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᤵᴗ࡛ྃㄞⅬࡢᡴࡕ᪉࡞࡝ࡲ࡛ᢅ࠺⣽࠿࠸ㅮホࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᏛ⏕࠿ࡽ⩻ヂࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿලయⓗ࡞㉁ၥࡀ┠❧ࡗࡓࠋ᭱⤊᪥࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓᏛ⏕ࡢ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺᅇ⟅࡛ࡶࠊࠕῧ๐࡞࡝ᐇ㊶ࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ពぢࡶẚ㍑ⓗከࡃࠊᏛ⏕ࡀࠕཧຍ࣭య㦂ᆺࠖࡢᤵᴗࢆᕼᮃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡶఛ࠼ࡓࠋྠ᫬࡟ࠊẚ㍑ⓗࠕ⳹ࡸ࠿ࠖ࡞༳㇟ࡢ࠶ࡿࠕᩥⱁ⩻ヂ࡛ࠖࡶࠕ㣗࡭࡚࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜ࡢᐇ᝟࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄝ᫂ࡶ῝࠸༳㇟ࢆ୚࠼ࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋᾏእࡢᫎ⏬ࡸࢸࣞࣅ␒⤌࡟ゐࢀࡿᶵ఍ࡢᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞࠸Ꮫ⏕࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊᩥⱁ⩻ヂ࡜ྠࡌࡃࠕ㌟㏆ࠖ࡞Ꮡᅾ࡛࠶ࡿᏐᖥ⩻ヂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅮ⩏࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢṔྐࡸලయⓗ࡞సᴗࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡁࡗ࠿ࡅࢆᚓ࡚ࠊ௒ᚋࠕᫎ⏬ࡢぢ᪉ࡀኚࢃࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡿᏛ⏕ࡶ࠸ࡓࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊẚ㍑ⓗ㌟㏆࡟ᛮࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᩥⱁ⩻ヂࡸᏐᖥ⩻ヂ࡜␗࡞ࡾࠊ
ࠕ་⒪㏻ヂࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢᏑᅾࢆࠕࡣࡌࡵ࡚▱ࡗࡓࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ꮫ⏕ࡢࣞࢫ࣏ࣥࢫࡶ┠❧ࡗࡓࠋ་⒪㏻ヂࡢ⌧≧ࠊㄢ㢟ࠊᚰᚓ࡞࡝࡟㛵ࡍࡿㅮᖌࡢ
ヰࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊࠕ᪥ᮏࡢᨻ⟇ࡢၥ㢟ࡀぢ࠼ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠺ࠖ࡜ࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡋࡓࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࣮ᨻ⟇ᑓᨷࡢᏛ⏕ࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊᏛ⏕࡟࡜ࡗ࡚⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡜࠸࠺ษࡾཱྀ࠿ࡽࠕ⛣Ẹࠖࠕ་⒪ࠖ
ࠕ⚟♴ࠖ࡞࡝ࡢ
ศ㔝࡛ࡢࠕᨻ⟇ࠖ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ⪃࠼ࡿ㈗㔜࡞ᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊእᅜㄒ࡛⑕
≧ࢆ་ᖌ࡟ఏ࠼ࡿࠕయ㦂ࢥ࣮ࢼ࣮ࠖࡣࠊయ㦂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ⮬ࡽࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
࡛ࡁࡓࠊ࡜ࡢពぢࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ୖグࡢㅮ⩏࡟㝈ࡽࡎࠊ௒ᅇࡢ඲࡚ࡢࢤࢫࢺࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࡢㅮ⩏࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⏕ࡢࣜ࢔ࢡࢩࣙࣥ
࡟ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢࡣࠊࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࡢࣉࣟࣇ࢙ࢵࢩࣙࢼࣜࢬ࣒࡬ࡢ῝࠸ឤ㖭࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕ⚾ࡶඛ⏕ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ዲࡁ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣ㸦⊂Ꮫ࡛ࡶ㸧࡜ࡇ࡜ࢇ⯆࿡ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ຮᙉࡋࠊᑗ᮶ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔࡟ᙺ❧࡚ࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠖ࡞࡝ࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡀྛㅮ⩏ࡢࣜ࢔ࢡࢩ࣭࣮ࣙࣥ࣌ࣃ࣮࡛ࡶከᩘぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊྛㅮ⩏ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ♫఍ࡢࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ሙ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇ㊶ࡢᙺ๭ࢆලయⓗ࡟⌮ゎࡋࠊࡑࡢ㔜せᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᐇឤ࡛ࡁࡓ࡜ࡢኌࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓࠋྠ᫬࡟ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢࠕࣉࣟࣇ࢙ࢵࢩࣙࢼࣝࠖ࠿ࡽ┤᥋⪺࠸ࡓᑵປ᮲௳࡞࡝ࡢཝࡋ࠸ᐇ᝟ࡣࠊᏛ⏕࡟ࠕ⩻ヂࡢ௙஦ࡣࡘࡽࡃࠊ࣮࣡ࢡࣛ࢖ࣇࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆ࡜ࡿࡢࡀ㞴ࡋࡑ࠺ࠖࠊࠕ
㸦་⒪㏻ヂࡣ㸧࿨ࢆᕥྑࡋ࠿ࡡ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ኱ኚࠖࠊࠕ㸦ᨻᗓ㛫㏻ヂࡣ㸧⮬ศ࡟ࡣྥ࠿࡞࠸ࠖ࡞࡝ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂศ㔝࡟ࠕࣉࣟࣇ࢙ࢵࢩࣙࢼࣝࠖ77ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ(2014)࡜ࡋ࡚ᦠࢃࡿࡇ࡜ࡢཝࡋࡉࡶឤࡌࡉࡏࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ5㸬⪃ᐹ ௨ୖࠊᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲ࡸᐇ㊶ሗ࿌ࡢ᳨ウࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᐇ㊶ࡸ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᇶ♏ⓗ࡞▱㆑ࡸᑐᛂຊࢆᾰ㣴ࡍࡿࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᐃ⩏ࡸ⌮ᛕࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢᐇ᪋౛࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊୖグ஦౛ࡢศᯒࡸ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢ඲యീ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ㒊ᩍ⫱ࡢ఩⨨࡙ࡅ࡞࡝ࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱࡬ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠊࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶࡢᵓᡂせ⣲ࠊࢹࣜࣂ࣮ࣜ᪉ἲ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ึᮇⓗ⪃ᐹࢆ⾜࠸ࡓ࠸ࠋ
5.1 ᇶᮏⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡣࠊᑓ㛛⫋࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇົ⪅ࠊ◊✲⪅ࠊᣦᑟ⪅ࢆ㣴ᡂࡍࡿ኱Ꮫ㝔࡛ࡢᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱ࡢ๓ẁ㝵࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅࡢᩍ⫱࡛ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⯡ᩍ㣴ㄢ⛬࡜⪃࠼࡚ࡶࡼ࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣࠊṔྐࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚Ⴀࡲࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ⾜Ⅽ࡜ࡑࡢཧ୚⪅ࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ♫఍ⓗᙺ๭ࡸせ௳ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮ࡢ⏝㏵࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸
࡚ᇶ♏ⓗ࡞▱㆑ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᒚಟ⪅ࡀ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢຠᯝⓗ࡞฼⏝⪅ࡸ⌮ゎ⪅࡟࡞ࡿࠊࡲࡓࠊᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱ࢆཷࡅࡿືᶵ࡙ࡅࡸ▱ⓗᇶ┙ࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡀᩍ⫱ࡢ┠ᶆ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛㔜せ࡞ࡢࡣࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ㄽࡌࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࣉࣟࢭࢫᚿྥࡢᩍᤵἲ㸦ࢪࣝ, 2009/2012㸧ࠊ♫఍ᵓᡂ୺⩏ⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸦Kiraly, 2000㸧ࠊࡲࡓᩍᮦࡸᡭ⥆ࡁࡢ⌧ᐇᛶ㸦authenticity㸧(e.g. Kurz, 2002; Sawyer, 2004; Takeda, 2010) ࡞࡝ࢆ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱࡛
ࡶ㏣✲ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊヂฟࡢῧ๐࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊヂฟୖࡢၥ㢟ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ㐣⛬ࠊཎᅉࠊゎỴἲ࡟↔Ⅼࢆ⨨ࡃࡢ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ஦㇟ࢆ஦ᐇࡢ⨶ิࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ꮫࡪࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡑ࠺
ࡋࡓ஦㇟ࡀ࡞ࡐ⏕ࡌࡓࡢ࠿ࠊ⫼ᬒࡸస⏝せᅉࠊࡲࡓㄢ㢟ࡢぢᴟࡵ࡜ࡑࡢゎỴἲࡢ᳨ウࢆಁࡍࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ஦㇟ࢆࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࠿ࡽษࡾ㞳ࡋ࡚㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞
ࡃࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢ♫఍ⓗႠⅭᛶࢆᙉㄪࡍ࡭ࡁࡔࠋࡑࡢ㝿ࠊᩍᖌࡀᒚಟ⪅࡟୍᪉ⓗ࡟▱ぢࢆఏ㐩ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᒚಟ⪅⮬ࡽࡀᩍᖌࡸ௚ࡢᒚಟ⪅࡜ࡢᑐヰࡸయ㦂࡞࡝ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚▱㆑ࡸ⌮ゎࢆ⮬ࡽᵓ⠏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊᢅ࠺ෆᐜࡀ㌟ࡢᅇࡾ࡛㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡸ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡛ሗ㐨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡾࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢ⌧ሙࢆほᐹࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ⌧ᐇୡ⏺࡜ࡢ┤᥋᥋ゐࢆ㔜どࡍࡿ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆ࡜ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᒚಟ⪅࡟ࡼࡿ▱㆑ࡢෆᅾ໬ࠊࡲࡓࠊ♫఍ⓗࠊᨻ἞ⓗࠊᩥ໬ⓗࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡬ࡢὀពࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࠊᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱࡟ᑐࡍࡿືᶵ࡙ࡅࡀಁࡉࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ୖグࡢᐇ㊶ሗ࿌࡛㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⣧⢋࡞ᐇᢏ₇⩦ࡢࢡࣛࢫ࡛࡞࠸࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᒚಟ⪅ࡣᐇ㝿࡟⩻ヂࡸ㏻ヂࢆヨࡳࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᙉ࠸㛵ᚰ࡜႐ࡧࢆᣢࡕࠊࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ┤᥋య㦂ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ▱㆑ࡸ⌮ゎࡀ῝ࡲࡿࡼ࠺ࡔࠋࡇࡇ࡛ㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡣࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢆᐇ㝿࡟ヨࡳࡿୖ࡛ᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿእᅜㄒ㐠⏝⬟ຊࡔࠋᇶ♏ㄢ⛬࡛࠶ࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱࡛ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔࡛ࡢᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊཝࡋ࠸㐺ᛶヨ㦂ࢆࡶ࡜࡟Ꮫ⏕ࡢ㑅ᢤࢆ⾜࠺ࢃࡅ࡟ࡣ࠸࠿࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᅜ㝿໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡣࠊᩍᐊෆ࡟ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ẕㄒࢆᣢࡘᏛ⏕ࡀΰᅾࡍࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍ

88ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᥦ᱌࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡿᏛ⏕ࡢࡳࡢࢡࣛࢫ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊእᅜㄒࡢ⬟ຊࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟࠿࡞ࡾࡢᕪࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ࢸࢡࢫࢺࢆ⏝࠸᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ࡛Ꮫ⏕ࡀ᭱ࡶᑐᛂࡋࡸࡍ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿⱥㄒ࠿ࡽ᪥ᮏㄒ࡬ࡢ⩻ヂࡢࡳࢆ⾜࠺ࠊ␗࡞ࡿẕㄒヰ⪅㛫࡛㔜ヂ㸦relay/indirect translation㸧ࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࠊᶵᲔ⩻ヂࡸ᪤Ꮡࡢ⩻ヂࢆホ౯ࠊ⦅㞟ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊᐇ᪋ࡢୖ࡛ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᕤኵࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ㏻ヂࢆヨࡳࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ⫈ゎຊࡸࢫࣆ࣮࢟ࣥࢢຊࡢせ௳ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᒚಟ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࣁ࣮ࢻࣝࡀࡉࡽ࡟㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᇶ♏ᩍ⫱࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊᏛ⏕࡟㏻ヂࢆయ㦂ࡉࡏࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ㑅ᢤヨ㦂࡞࡝ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚せ௳ࢆタᐃࡍࡿࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊ࣮ࣟࣝࣉࣞ࢖
࡞࡝࡛ࠊእᅜㄒ⬟ຊࡢ㧗࠸Ꮫ⏕࡟㏻ヂ⪅ࡢᙺ๭ࢆࠊ௚ࡢᏛ⏕ࡣࢫࣆ࣮࣮࢝ࡸ⫈⾗ࡢᙺ๭ࢆᙜ
࡚ࡿ࡞࡝ࡢᕤኵࡀᚲせ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ࠸ࡎࢀ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱࡟࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘᐇ⩦ⓗせ⣲ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡴࡢ࠿ࠊᒚಟ⏕࡟࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢゝㄒ㐠⏝⬟ຊࢆồࡵࡿࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊල
యⓗ࡞ᐇ᪋⛉┠࡛ࡑࡢ㒔ᗘ᳨ウࡍ࡭ࡁㄢ㢟࡟࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
5.2 ࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶࡢᵓᡂせ⣲ ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⯡ᩍ㣴ⓗᇶ♏ᩍ⫱࡜ࡋ࡚⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࢆ఩⨨࡙ࡅࡓሙྜࠊࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞㡯┠ࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡽࡀᐇ㦂ⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾࡸඛ⾜ᩥ⊩ࡢᢈุⓗ᳨ウ࡞࡝ࢆᇶ࡟ࡋࡓึᮇⓗᥦ᱌࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲ࢆ㡰୙ྠ࡟ᥦ♧ࡍࡿࠋ࣭ ᇶᮏⓗᴫᛕࡸ⏝ㄒࡢㄝ᫂㸦⩻ヂ㏻ヂᏛ࡛⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿᇶᮏⓗ࡞࣓ࢱゝㄒ࡜ᴫᛕࡸ⌮ㄽⓗᯟ⤌ࡳࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ලయ౛ࢆ⏝࠸࡞ࡀࡽㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ㸧Ṕྐ㸦⌧௦♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇ㊶࡟┤᥋ᙳ㡪ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞Ṕྐୖࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ஦㇟ࡢᴫせ࡜⌧ᅾ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶࢆㄽࡌࡿࠋ㸧࣭ ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇ㊶ࡢㅖ┦㸦ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ሙ㠃ࡸ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ஦㇟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡸࡑࡢ௚ཧ୚⪅⮬㌟࡟ࡼࡿㄝ᫂ࠊ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࡛ࡢᢅ࠸࡞࡝ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ♫఍ⓗ࣭ᨻ἞ⓗ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡟↷ࡽࡋࡓ⌮ゎࢆಁࡍࠋ㸧⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ᙧᡂ㸦࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞
⫼ᬒࢆᣢࡘேࡀࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞カ⦎ࡸ⤒㦂ࢆ⤒࡚⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᝟ሗࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋ㸧࣭ ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅࡜࠸࠺⫋ᴗ㸦⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ⫋ົ೔⌮ࠊ㈨᱁ࠊ⫋⬟ᅋయ࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᝟ሗࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋ㸧⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡜ࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮㸦ᛴ㏿࡟ᒎ㛤ࡉࢀࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮ࡢホ౯ࡸά⏝ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ึṌⓗ࡞▱㆑ࡢ⋓ᚓࢆಁࡍࠋ㸧࣭ ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢึṌⓗᐇ⩦㸦ึṌⓗ࡞⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢆᐇ㝿࡟ヨࡳࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇ㊶ࡢ㠃ⓑࡉࠊ㞴ࡋࡉࠊ」㞧ࡉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᐇឤࡸ⯆࿡ࢆಁࡍࠋ
㸧
5.3 ࢹࣜࣂ࣮ࣜ᪉ἲ ୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌮ᛕ࡜ࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶࢆᣢࡘ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࢆຠᯝⓗ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊලయⓗ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪉ἲࡸ㓄៖ࡀᚲせ࡞ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ➹⪅ࡽࡀྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓ᪂⛉┠ࡸ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࡢ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾ࡞࡝ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࠊ௨ୗࡢ㡯┠ࡢ᳨ウࢆึᮇⓗ࡟ᥦ᱌ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

99ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ(2014)࣭ ேᩘ㸸άⓎ࡞ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡸ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢᐇ⩦ࢆຠᯝⓗ࡟⾜࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢேᩘไ㝈ࢆタࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋㅮ⩏୰ᚰࡢᙧᘧ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ኱ேᩘࢆᑐ㇟࡟࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥࡢᤵᴗ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡞࡝ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊಶࠎࡢᏛ⏕࠿ࡽࡢ㉁ၥࡸࢥ࣓
ࣥࢺࢆ྾࠸ୖࡆࡽࢀࡿ௙⤌ࡳࢆ࡜ࡿࡢࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࣭ タഛ㸸࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺୖࡢᶵᲔ⩻ヂࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡸ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࢔ࣉࣜ࡞࡝ࢆᐇ㝿࡟౑⏝ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᏛ⏕ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀࣃࢯࢥࣥࢆ┠ࡢ๓࡛᧯స࡛ࡁࡿ⎔ቃࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ࣭ ሙᡤ㸸኱Ꮫᵓෆࡢ㛢ࡌࡽࢀࡓᩍᐊ✵㛫ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᅜ㝿఍㆟ࠊἲᘐࠊࢽ࣮ࣗࢫ㓄ಙࠊ⮬἞యࡢᕷẸࢧ࣮ࣅࢫㄢ࡞࡝ࠊᐇ㝿ࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ⌧ሙ࡬ࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻࢺࣜࢵࣉࠊࢫ࢝࢖ࣉ࡞࡝ࢆ௓ࡋࡓ᪥ᮏෆእࡢ௚኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢྜྠᤵᴗ࡞࡝ࠊ⌧ᐇឤࡸከᵝ࡞どⅬࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞タᐃࢆᤵᴗ࡟㐺ᐅ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡴヨࡳࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ࣭ య㦂ᆺࡢᤵᴗ㸸ᐇ㝿࡟⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢆヨࡳࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ㠃ⓑࡉࠊၥ㢟ࡸㄢ㢟ࡢᡤᅾࢆయ㦂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᤵᴗࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡ࡛஫࠸ࡢ⩻ヂࢆホ౯ࠊ⦅㞟ࡋࡓࡾࠊ㏻ヂ⌧ሙࡢᶍᨃⓗタᐃ࡛࣮ࣟࣝࣉࣞ࢖ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ᭷ຠ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࣭ ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ㸸⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊᒚಟ⪅ࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ࡟ὀពࢆྥࡅࡿෆ
┬ⓗᩍᤵἲ㸦reflective teaching㸧ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᤵᴗࡢෆᐜࡸ᪉ἲࡢ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ᨵၿ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜ࡣ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦Takeda, 2010㸧ࠋᒚಟ⪅ࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡣ᭱⤊ᤵᴗࢆᚅࡘࡇ࡜࡞ࡃࠊᏛᮇ୰࡛ࡶ㐺ᐅ཰㞟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᤵᴗࡢෆᐜࡸ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᚲせ࡟ᛂࡌࡓㄪᩚࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ࣭ ㄢ㢟㸸ཧ⪃㈨ᩱࡢ࣮ࣜࢹ࢕ࣥࢢࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ⌧ሙࡢほᐹ࡜ࡑࡢ࣏࣮ࣞࢺࠊึṌⓗ࡞⩻ヂ࡞࡝య㦂ᆺࡢㄢ㢟ࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ࣭ ホ౯㸸ಶࠎࡢᤵᴗ⛉┠ࡢෆᐜࡸ᪉ἲ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᒚಟ⪅ࡢᡂ⦼ホ౯᪉ἲࡀ␗࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᬯグᘧࡢ▱㆑ࡢ⵳✚࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ஦㇟ࢆᢈุⓗ࡟ㄞࡳゎࡃ⬟ຊࡸ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢶ࣮ࣝࡢᇶ♏ⓗ࡞ά⏝⬟ຊ࡞࡝ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
6㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃ
ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ㒊⏕ྥࡅᇶ♏ㄢ⛬࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࢆ఩⨨࡙ࡅࠊࡑࡢᐃ⩏ࡸㄽᣐࢆ㏙࡭ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊヨ㦂ⓗᐇ᪋౛ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࢆሗ࿌ࡋ࡚᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠊࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶࡢᵓᡂせ⣲ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࢹࣜࣂ࣮ࣜ᪉
ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ึᮇⓗᥦ᱌ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡣ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇ㊶ࡢㅖ┦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㐺ษ࡞⌮ゎࡸᑐᛂຊࢆᾰ㣴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡸࢶ࣮ࣝࡢຠᯝⓗ฼⏝⪅ࠊᑓ㛛⫋࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⌮ゎ⪅ࠊ㏻ヂ⩻ヂࡢᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱࡟㐍ࡴೃ⿵⪅ࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⌮ᛕ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ➹⪅ࡽࡀᐇ᪋ࡋࡓᤵᴗ⛉┠࡟ᑐࡍࡿᒚಟ⪅ࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇ㊶ࡢ㠃ⓑࡉࡸᑓ㛛ᛶࠊࡲࡓࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢ」㞧ࡉࡸㄢ㢟࡟Ẽ࡙ࡁࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅࡟ᑐࡍࡿᩗពࢆぬ࠼ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࢆ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔࡜ࡋ࡚ព㆑ࡋࡓᒚಟ1010

ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᥦ᱌࡟ྥࡅ࡚

⪅ࡀ࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱࡛ࡣࠊᏛ⏕࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㌟㏆࡞⩻ヂ㏻ヂ஦㇟ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࠊࡑࡢࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࡸࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡬ࡢὀពࢆႏ㉳ࡋࠊయ㦂ࡸࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚Ꮫ⏕ࡢ▱㆑ࡸㄞࡳゎࡃຊࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡀ㔜せ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶࡣ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ◊✲ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞࣓ࢱゝㄒࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࡢṔྐࠊᐇ㊶ࡢㅖ┦ࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢカ⦎࡞࡝ࢆ⥙⨶ࡋࠊึṌⓗ࡞ᐇ⩦ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋయ㦂ᆺࡢᤵᴗࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᒚಟ⪅ࡢேᩘࠊᩍᐊࡢタഛࠊ⌧ሙほᐹࡢタᐃ࡞࡝ࡢせ௳ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡀࠊᒚಟ⪅ࡢࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࢆࡶ࡜࡟ᤵᴗࡢෆᐜࡸ᪉ἲࢆㄪᩚࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⥅⥆ⓗᨵၿࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡢ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞ᥦ᱌࡟ྥࡅ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ࡭ࡁㄢ㢟ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠊᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱ࡢ‽ഛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᐇ⩦࡟࡝࠺ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ୍⯡ᩍ㣴ⓗᇶ♏ᩍ⫱࡛ࡣࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅᒚಟせ௳ࢆྲྀࡾ㝖ࡁࠊከࡃࡢᏛ⏕࡟㛛ᡞࢆ㛤ࡃ࡭ࡁࡔࡀࠊᐇ⩦ࡢഃ㠃ࢆຠᯝⓗ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᒚಟ⪅ࡢእᅜㄒ㐠⏝⬟ຊ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ఱࡽ࠿ࡢせ௳ࢆタᐃࡍ࡭ࡁࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊᐇ⩦ࡢᤵᴗࡢ୰࡛ࠊᒚಟ⪅ࡢእᅜㄒ㐠⏝⬟ຊࢆ⿵ᙉࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ゝㄒᩍ⫱ⓗせ⣲ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡴ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡢ᳨ウࡶᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸦Bale, 2013; Laviosa, 2014 ࡞࡝ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ⩻ヂ
㏻ヂࡢᑓ㛛ᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢥࣥࣆࢱࣥࢫ࣮࣋ࢫࡸ⇍㐩໬㸦expertise㸧࣮࣋ࢫࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸦Ṋ⏣,
2013b㸧࡞࡝࡟↷ࡽࡋ࡚ࠊᇶ♏ᩍ⫱࡛ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ணഛⓗࢫ࢟ࣝࢆᾰ㣴ࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿ࠊࡲࡓᏛ⩦฿㐩ᗘࢆ࡝࠺ホ౯ࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ウࡶồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂ㛵㐃⛉┠ࡀᥦ౪ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸኱Ꮫ࡛ࡶࠊMOOCs (massive open online courses) ࡞࡝࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥබ㛤ㅮᗙࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ
⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱࡟࢔ࢡࢭࢫ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞኱Ꮫ㛫ࢥ࣮ࣛ࣎ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡶ᳨ウࡢ౯್ࡀ࠶
ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᮏ✏ࡀึᮇⓗ࡟ᥦ᱌ࡍࡿయ㦂ᆺࠊ♫఍ᵓᡂ୺⩏ⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆ➹⪅ࡽࡢ◊✲άື࡟ࡶ㐺⏝ࡋࠊᤵᴗ⛉┠ᐇ᪋ࡢ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡾࡸ◊✲⪅ࠊ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࠊᏛ⏕ࠊᴗ⏺㛵ಀ⪅ࡽ࡜ࡢ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࡢලయⓗ࡞ᥦ᱌ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ
࠸ࠋ......................................................
࠙ⴭ⪅⤂௓ࠚṊ⏣⌃௦Ꮚ㸦TAKEDA Kayoko㸧 ❧ᩍ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ◊✲⛉ࠊ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᏛ㒊ᩍᤵࠋ୺࡞◊✲ศ㔝ࡣ㏻ヂ⩻ヂࡢ♫఍ᩥ໬ⓗഃ㠃ࠊᩍ⫱ࠊṔྐ࡞࡝ࠋⴭ᭩࡟
ࠗᮾி⿢ุ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏻ヂ࠘ࠊヂ᭩࡟ࠗ⩻ヂ⌮ㄽࡢ᥈ồ࠘㸦A࣭ࣆ࣒ⴭ㸧࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᒣ⏣ඃ㸦YAMADA Masaru㸧❧ᩍ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ◊✲⛉༤ኈᚋᮇㄢ⛬ಟ஢ࠋ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᏛ༤ኈ㸦⩻ヂᏛ㸧ࠋ㯇⃝኱Ꮫࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫࠊ⚄ᡞዪᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࡞࡝࡛ㅮᖌࢆົࡵࡿࠋ
㎞ᓥࢹ࢖ࣦ࢕ࢵࢻ㸦KARASHIMA David㸧᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫᅜ㝿ᩍ㣴Ꮫ㒊ㅮᖌ㸦ࢡ࢚࣮ࣜࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭ࣛ࢖ࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ㸧ࠋ࣑ࢻࣝࢭࢵࢡࢫ኱Ꮫ࡛ᩥⱁ๰సಟኈྕࠊࣟࣅ࣭ࣛ࢖࣭ࣅࣝࢪࣜ኱Ꮫ࡛⩻㏻ヂ࣭␗ᩥ໬㛫◊✲༤ኈྕྲྀᚓࠋⴭ᭩࡟ࠗ⚄ᮧ௻⏬࠘ࠊ⦅ⴭ࡟ࠗMARCH WAS MADE OF YARN: WRITERSRESPOND TO JAPAN’S EARTHQUAKE, TSUNAMI AND NUCLEAR MELTDOWN࠘ࠊ(ⱥ)ヂ᭩࡟࣮ࠗ࢜ࢺࣇ࢕ࢡࢩࣙࣥ࠘㸦㔠ཎࡦ࡜ࡳⴭ㸧ࠊࠗᕮ࠘㸦ᯇᾆᑑ㍤ⴭ㸧࡞࡝ከᩘࠋ
......................................................

1111

ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ(2014)࠙トࠚ1.

⩻ヂ㏻ヂ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚⟇ᐃ୰ࡢ ISO つ᱁࡟㛵ࡍࡿヲ⣽ࡣ௨ୗࡢ࢙࢘ࣈࢧ࢖ࢺࢆཧ↷ࠋ[Online] 
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_tc_browse.htm?commid=654486&developm
ent=on (2014 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 29 ᪥)2.

᪥ᮏ⩻ヂ㐃┕ᶵ㛵ㄅࡢࠗ᪥ᮏ⩻ヂࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣝ࠘ 11/12 ᭶ྕ࡛ ISO ࡜኱Ꮫ࡛ࡢ⩻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚≉㞟グ஦ࡀᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
http://journal.jtf.jp/files/user/pdf/JTFjournal274_2014nov.pdf㸦2014 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 17 ᪥㸧

3.

⩻ヂ㏻ヂᩍ⫱◊✲఍ࡀ㐠Ⴀࡍࡿ࢙࢘ࣈࢧ࢖ࢺࠋhttp://www2.rikkyo.ac.jp/web/tiedu

4.

⩻ヂ㏻ヂ㣴ᡂ࡟ᚲせ࡞ㄒᏛຊࡣࠊTOEIC ࡸⱥ᳨࡞࡝࡛ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿᇶ♏ㄒᏛຊ࡜ᚲࡎࡋࡶྠࡌ
࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺㆟ㄽࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔࡜Ꮫ㒊ࡢᏛ⏕࡜࡛ᇶ♏ㄒᏛຊ࡟ᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࡣ୍⯡ⓗ஦ᐇ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࡼ࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋヲࡋࡃࡣࠊ᪂ᓮ࣭▼㯮㸦2014㸧ࢆཧ↷ࠋ5.

ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊ2014 ᖺୡ⏺⤒῭ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛᖺḟ⥲఍࡛ࡢᏳಸ㤳┦ࡢⓎゝ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㏻ヂࡢၥ㢟ࡀヰ㢟࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸦๓ᕝ࣭ᫍ㔝, 2014㸧ࠋ6.

ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊ2011 ᖺࡢࠗ࢔࢖ࣥࢩࣗࢱ࢖ࣥ ࡑࡢ⏕ᾭ࡜Ᏹᐂ ୗ࠘ࠊ2012 ᖺࡢᮾ໭ほග༤࢙࢘ࣈࢧ࢖ࢺ࡛ࡢᶵᲔ⩻ヂ࡟ࡼࡿㄗヂၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸦ඹྠ㏻ಙ, 2011; ᮅ᪥᪂⪺, 2012㸧ࠋ7.

⌧ᅾࠊᡭヰ㏻ヂ⪅ࠊ㏻ヂ᱌ෆኈࠊ་⒪㏻ヂ⪅㛵ಀࡢᅋయ࡛⫋ົ೔⌮つᐃࢆᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⩻ヂ⪅ࠊࡑࡢ௚㏻ヂ⪅ࡢᅋయࡸබⓗᶵ㛵࡟ࡼࡿ⩻ヂ࣭㏻ヂ⪅ࡢ⫋ົ೔⌮つᐃࡣᏑᅾࡋ࡞
࠸ࠋ࠙ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠚᮅ᪥᪂⪺ (2012)ࠕᮾ໭༤ HPࠊㄗヂࡒࢁࡒࢁ ⛅⏣ࡔࡅ࡛ 30 ࢝ᡤ㉸ ほගᗇࠊIT ᴗ⪅௵ࡏ࡟ࠖࠗᮅ
᪥᪂⪺࠘ 2012 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 12 ᪥. [Online] http://database.asahi.com/library2/main/start.php (2014 ᖺ㸵᭶ 30 ᪥)ࢪࣝࠊ D.㸦⏣㎶ᕼஂᏊ࣭୰ᮧᫀᘯ࣭ᯇ⦖㡰Ꮚヂ㸧㸦2009/2011㸧ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂカ⦎㸸ᇶᮏⓗᴫᛕ࡜ࣔࢹࣝ࠘ࡳࡍࡎ᭩ᡣ
ᵽཱྀ࡜ࡳᏊ (2010)ࠕࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᴫᛕࡢᒎ㛤íᶵ⬟ⓗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࡜ᢈุⓗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࠖ ᯇୗె௦⦅ⴭ ࠗ㸺᪂ࡋ࠸⬟ຊ㸼ࡣᩍ⫱ࢆኚ࠼ࡿ࠿ Ꮫຊ࣭ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣆࢸࣥࢩ࣮࠘(pp. 80-107) ࣑ࢿࣦࣝ࢓᭩ᡣ
✄⏕⾰௦࣭ᰁ㇂Ὀṇ (2005)ࠕ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣃࣛࢲ࢖࣒í␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢどⅬ࡟❧
ࡗࡓ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢࡓࡵࡢヨㄽࠖ
ࠗ㏻ヂ◊✲࠘5: 73-109.
✄⏕⾰௦࣭ἙཎΎᚿ࣭⁁ཱྀⰋᏊ࣭୰ᮧᖾᏊ࣭すᮧ཭⨾࣭㛵ཱྀᬛᏊ࣭᪂ᓮ㝯Ꮚ࣭⏣୰῝㞷 (2010)ࠕ᪥
ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢㄢ㢟࡜ᒎᮃ㸸᪥ᮏ㏻ヂ⩻ヂᏛ఍࣭㏻ヂᩍ⫱ศ⛉఍ 2009-2010 ᖺᗘࣉࣟࢪ
࢙ࢡࢺࡼࡾࠖ
ࠗ㏻ヂ◊✲࠘10: 259-278.
ᅜ❧ᩍ⫱ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ (2013) OECD ᅜ㝿ᡂேຊㄪᰝ㸦PIAAC㸧ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡢせ⣙࠘㸬[Online]
http://www.nier.go.jp/04_kenkyu_annai/pdf/piaac_summary_2013.pdf 㸦2014 ᖺ㸵᭶ 30 ᪥㸧ᑠᯇ㐩ஓ
(2005)ࠗ㏻ヂࡢᢏ⾡࠘◊✲♫
ඹྠ㏻ಙ (2011)ࠕ࢔࢖ࣥࢩࣗࢱ࢖ࣥఏグᅇ཰ ⮬ື⩻ヂࡑࡢࡲࡲ㸽ࠖ
ࠗඹྠ㏻ಙ࠘ 2011 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 4
᪥. [Online] http://www.47news.jp/CN/201108/CN2011080401001167.html (2014 ᖺ㸵᭶ 30 ᪥)๓ᕝᘯஅ࣭ᫍ㔝┿୕㞝 (2014)ࠕ㤳┦ⓎゝࠊḢ⡿࡛Ἴ⣠ ᪥୰㛵ಀࠊ኱ᡓ๓ࡢⱥ⊂౛࡟ㄝ᫂ࠖ
ࠗᮅ

1212ࠕ⩻ヂ㏻ヂࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ᩍ⫱ࠖࡢᥦ᱌࡟ྥࡅ࡚

᪥᪂⪺࠘ 2014 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 24 ᪥. [Online] http://www.asahi.com/articles/ASG1S1VRPG1SUHBI003.html(2014 ᖺ 7 ᭶ 29 ᪥)ᯇሯಇ୕࣭ඵ㘵཭ᗈ⦅ (2010)ࠗ㆑Ꮠ࡜ㄞ᭩ ࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢẚ㍑♫఍ྐ࠘᫛࿴ᇽ
㛗἟⨾㤶Ꮚ (2008)ࠕ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡛ࡳࡿ᪥ᮏࡢ⩻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢ⌧≧̿⩻ヂᩍ⫱ᐇែㄪᰝࡢ㞟ィ࡜ศᯒࠖ
ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘8㸸285-298.
୰ᮧᖾᏊ (2014)ࠕ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃゝㄒඹ㏻ཧ↷ᯟ㸦CEFR㸧࡜㏻ヂ⩻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢ᥋Ⅼ㸸ゝㄒᩍ⫱ほࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࠖ
ࠗ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ㄽ㞟࠘㏻ヂᩍ⫱ᣦᑟἲ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ 63-72.
❧ᩍ SFR ⩻ヂ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ⦅ (2013) ࠗ⩻ヂࠕ㠉࿨ࠖᮇ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂ㸸බ㛤ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡢሗ࿌࡜௒ᚋࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࠘❧ᩍ SFR ⩻ヂ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ᪂ᓮ㝯Ꮚ࣭▼㯮ᘪ⨾Ꮚ (2014)ࠕຠᯝⓗ࡞᪥ⱥ㏻ヂカ⦎ἲࡢᥦ᱌㸸➨஧ゝㄒ⩦ᚓㄽࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽࠖࠗ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ㄽ㞟࠘㏻ヂᩍ⫱ᣦᑟἲ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ 1-18.
ᰁ㇂Ὀṇ (1996)ࠕ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏻ヂ⪅カ⦎ࡢၥ㢟Ⅼ࡜㏻ヂカ⦎࡟ᚲせ࡞ㄒᏛຊࡢᇶ♏ࠖ
ࠗ㏻ヂ⌮ㄽ◊✲࠘10 (6:1): 46-58.
ᰁ㇂Ὀṇ࣭ᩧ⸨⨾࿴Ꮚ࣭㭯⏣▱ెᏊ࣭⏣୰῝㞷࣭✄⏕⾰௦ (2005) ࠕࢃࡀᅜࡢ኱Ꮫ࣭኱Ꮫ㝔࡟࠾ࡅ
ࡿ㏻ヂᩍ⫱ࡢᐇែㄪᰝࠖࠗ㏻ヂ◊✲࠘5: 285-310.
ᰁ㇂Ὀṇ࣭ἙཎΎᚿ࣭ᒣᮏ ᡂ௦ (2013)ࠕⱥㄒᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⩻ヂ (TILT: Translation and Interpreting inLanguage Teaching) ࡢព⩏࡜఩⨨࡙ࡅ㸸CEFR ࡟ࡼࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞ⱥㄒຊࡢᐃ⩏࡟㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠖ ࠗㄒᏛᩍ⫱࢚࢟ࢫ࣏ 2013࠘ண✏㞟Ṋ⏣⌃௦Ꮚ (2012)ࠕ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏻ヂ⪅㣴ᡂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ୍⪃ᐹࠖࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘ 12㸸105-117.
Ṋ⏣⌃௦Ꮚ (2013a)ࠕἲᘐ㏻ヂࡢබⓗㄆᐃไᗘ࡜೔⌮つᐃࡢᩚഛ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠖࠗᏘหฮ஦ᘚㆤ࠘ 76:89-93.
Ṋ⏣⌃௦Ꮚ (2013b)ࠕ⩻ヂ⪅ࢥࣥࣆࢱࣥࢫ࡜カ⦎ࠖࠕ㏻ヂ⪅ࢥࣥࣆࢱࣥࢫ࡜カ⦎ࠖ㫽㣫⋪⨾Ꮚ⦅ⴭࠗࡼࡃࢃ࠿ࡿ⩻ヂ㏻ヂᏛ࠘㸦pp. 96-99㸧࣑ࢿࣦࣝ࢓᭩ᡣ
ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘⏣୰῝㞷 (2008)ࠕᇶ♏ⓗ࡞㏻ヂカ⦎࡬ࡢ L2 ࣜࢫࢽࣥࢢ࣭ࢫ࢟ࣝࡢᑟධ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ
8㸸57-72.
⏣୰῝㞷࣭✄⏕⾰௦࣭ἙཎΎᚿ࣭᪂ᓮ㝯Ꮚ࣭୰ᮧᖾᏊ (2007) ࠕ㏻ヂࢡࣛࢫཷㅮ⏕ࡓࡕࡢព㆑ㄪᰝࠥ2007 ᖺᗘᐇ᪋࣭㏻ヂᩍ⫱ศ⛉఍࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡼࡾࠖ
ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘7: 253-263.
Ώ㒊ᐩᰤ (2010)ࠕ኱ᮾᩥ໬኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ㏻ヂࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ ㏻ヂᑓ㛛⫋ᩍ⫱ 15 ᖺࡢᣮᡓࠖ
ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘ 10㸸231-242.
㈈⤒᪂⪺ (2013)ࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ⩻ヂᴗ⏺࡟ࠗISO17100࠘ࡢࢡࣟࣇࢿࡀࡸࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠖࠗ㈈⤒᪂⪺࠘ 2013ᖺ 10 ᭶ 15 ᪥. [Online] http://www.zaikei.co.jp/article/20131015/156907.html㸦2014 ᖺ㸵᭶ 30 ᪥㸧Bale, R. (2013). Undergraduate consecutive interpreting and lexical knowledge: The role of spoken corpora.
The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 7(1) 27-50.
Cook, G. (2010). Translation in language teaching: An argument for reassessment. Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press.
Dubey, P. (2011). Overcoming the Digital Divide: through Machine Translation. Translation Journal 15 (1).
[Online] http://www.translationjournal.net/journal/55mt_india.htm (July 30, 2014).
Geraghy, P. (2003). Foreigner talk to exonorm: translation and literacy in Fiji. In S. Fenton (Ed.), For Betteror for Worse: Translation as a Tool for Change in the South Pacific (pp. 172-206). London & New

1313ࠗ㏻ヂ⩻ヂ◊✲࠘14 ྕ(2014)

York: Routledge.
Kathari, B. (2000). Same language subtitling on Indian television: Harnessing the power of popular culturefor literacy. In K. Wilkins (Ed.), Redeveloping Communication for Social Change: Theory, Practice andPower (pp. 135-146). New York: Rowman and Littlefield.
Kiraly, D. (2000). A Social Constructivist Approach to Translator Education: Empowerment from Theory toPractice. Manchester & Northampton: St. Jerome.
Kurz, I. (2002). Interpreting training programs: The benefits of coordination, cooperation, and moderntechnology. In E. Jung (Ed.), Teaching Translation and Interpreting 4 (pp. 65-72). Amsterdam &Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Laviosa, S. (2014). Introduction. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 8(1). 1-7.
Massey, G. & Ehrensberger-Dow, M. (2011). Investigating information literacy: a growing priority intranslation studies. Across Languages and Cultures 12(2): 193-211.
Sawyer, D. (2004). Fundamental Aspects of Interpreter Education. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: JohnBenjamins.
Takeda, K. (2010). What interpreting teachers can learn from students: A case study. Translation &Interpreting, 2(1): 38-47.
UNESCO. (2006). Understandings of literacy, in UNESCO Education for All Global Monitoring Report
2006. [Online] http://www.unesco.org/education/GMR2006/full/chapt6_eng.pdf (July 29, 2014).

1414