To dateCurrently, there is a growing number of well-known predictors of malignancy of the
thyroid nodule malignanciess, including a solid, fixed formation tumors that is are detectedby on physiological examination, rapid growth, and large size of the site, tracheostomy,
dysphagia, or lymphadenopathy, history of irradiation with in the history of low doses ofradiation toof the head and neck during infancy, age less for than 20 years and or more
greater than 70 years, and male gender. Detection of thyroid tumors, that are characterized bya benign course and favorable prognosis, can significantly reduce the number of surgicalComment [A1]: In American English, a comma(called as serial comma) is generally added before“and” in a series.

interventions. However, there are in some cases, where the malignant potential of malignancy
of the tumor cannotcan not be determined. In such casesthis case, alternative diagnostic
methods are required. These may include the detection of BRAF and RAS spot point
mutations and, PAX8/ / PPAR γ? and RET/ / PTC translocations, . but However, given thehigh cost of genetic testingresearch data and the relatively low sensitivity, these methods are
not always suitable for routine diagnostics. The dDetermination of the level of serum
hormones may be cheaper and yield faster results. This review is devoted toinvolves theassessment of the role ofcurrent concept on thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH) role in thedevelopment and progression of differentiated thyroid cancercarcinoma, namely papillary
thyroid carcinoma. Numerous studies have demonstrated the significance of high (TSH) levelin thyroid nodules malignizsation and disease progression associated with rapid growth,
aggressiveness, and metastasis development.. Many authors have found TSH levelfind thistest to be useful for distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid tumors and havesuggested that it may can be used as an auxiliary in the diagnostics. However, there havebeen some authors who did not find found any no relationship between TSH level and thyroid
cancer. Finally, there is a growing body of investigations evidence demonstrating theopposite relations association between TSH levels and thyroid malignanciescancer.
Nevertheless, Ggenetic studies support also are in favor of the presence of a reciprocal
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Comment [A2]: The use of “suggest” and “may”
in the same sentence is redundant in this context as
both words denote a possibility.
Comment [A3]: A comma should be used after
transition words such as therefore, however,moreover, nevertheless, hence.

association between TSHthe level of TSH and the development of thyroid cancer
development.

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