The Four Freedoms

Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The FourFreedoms delivered 6 January, 1941
Mr. President, Mr. Speaker, members of the 77th Congress:
前例の無いI address you, the members of this new Congress, at a moment unprecedented in thehistory of the union.

I use the word “unprecedented” because at no previous time has
外部からAmerican security been as seriously threatened from without as it is today.
Since the permanent formation of our government under the Constitution in 1789, most of内政

the periods of crisis in our history have related to our domestic affairs.

And, fortunately,

南北戦争

only one of these -- the four-year war between the States -- ever threatened our national
それToday, thank God, 130,000,000 Americans in 48 States have forgotten points ofunity.
そ れ

向かうべき方向the compass in our national unity.
邪魔する

It is true that prior to 1914 the United States often has been disturbed by events in othercontinents.

We have even engaged in two wars with European nations and in a number of地中海

undeclared wars in the West Indies, in the Mediterranean and in the Pacific, for theどんなmaintenance of American rights and for the principles of peaceful commerce.

場合もBut i n no

決して～ないcase

had a serious threat been raised against our national safety or our continued

independence.
伝える

What I seek to convey is the historic truth that the United States as a nation has at all
times maintained opposition -- clear, definite opposition -- to any attempt to lock us in
万里の長城

behind an ancient Chinese wall while the procession of civilization went past. Today,
孤立

thinking of our children and of their children, we oppose enforced isolation for ourselves
南北アメリカor for any other part of the Americas.
That determination of ours, extending over all these years, was proved, for example, in the
四半世紀

early days during the quarter century of wars following the French Revolution.

While

the Napoleonic struggles did threaten interests of the United States because of the French
拠点foothold in the West Indies and in Louisiana, and while we engaged in the War of 1812 to
正しいと証明する

vindicate our right to peaceful trade, it is nevertheless clear that neither France nor GreatBritain nor any other nation was aiming at domination of the whole world.

I

The Four Freedoms
And in like fashion, from 1815 to 1914 -- ninety-nine years -- no single war in Europe or in
Asia constituted a real threat against our future or against the future of any other American
nation.
マクシミリアン

帝政時代

Except in the Maximilian interlude in Mexico, no foreign power sought to establish itself
艦隊

in this hemisphere. And the strength of the British fleet in the Atlantic has been a friendly
strength; it is still a friendly strength.
Even when the World War broke out in 1914, it seemed to contain only small threat ofdanger to our own American future.

But as time went on, as we remember, the American

心に描く

people began to visualize what the downfall of democratic nations might mean to our own
democracy.
不完全さ

ヴェルサイユくどくどとWe need not overemphasize imperfections in the peace of Versailles . We need not harp繰り返す

o n failure of the democracies to deal with problems of world reconstruction. We should
和平工作

remember that the peace of 1919 was far less unjust than the kind of pacification whichミュンヘン

began even before Munich , and which is being carried on under the new order of tyranny
一貫してthat seeks to spread over every continent today. The American people have unalterably set
their faces against that tyranny.
I suppose that every realist knows that the democratic way of life is at this moment being
襲撃する

directly assailed in every part of the world -- assailed either by arms or by secret spreading不和of poisonous propaganda by those who seek to destroy unity and promote discord in
破壊するnations that are still at peace. During 16 long months this assault has blotted out the whole
驚くべきpattern of democratic life in an appalling number of independent nations, great and small.
And the assailants are still on the march, threatening other nations, great and small.
Therefore, as your President, performing my constitutional duty to "give to the Congress
information of the state of the union," I find it unhappily necessary to report that the future
and the safety of our country and of our democracy are overwhelmingly involved in events
far beyond our borders.
勇敢にArmed defense of democratic existence is now being gallantly waged in four continents.
If that defense fails, all the population and all the resources of Europe and Asia, and Africa
and Austral-Asia will be dominated by conquerors.

And let us remember that the total of

those populations in those four continents, the total of those populations and their

IIThe Four Freedoms
resources greatly exceed the sum total of the population and the resources of the whole ofthe Western Hemisphere -- yes, many times over.
未成熟な

誇張する

In times like these it is immature , and, incidentally, untrue, for anybody to brag that an
心構えができていない

片手間で

敵を撃退

する

unprepared America, single-handed and with one hand tied behind its back, can hold off
the whole world.
No realistic American can expect from a dictator’s peace international generosity, or return
軍備削減of true independence, or world disarmament , or freedom of expression, or freedom of
好景気

religion -- or even good business.
neighbors.

Such a peace would bring no security for us or for ourThose who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety値する

deserve neither liberty nor safety.
情け深いAs a nation we may take pride in the fact that we are soft- hearted; but we cannot afford to
警戒する

We must always be wary of those who with sounding brass and a tinklingbe soft-headed.
説く

融和という主義

cymbal preach the "ism" of appeasement.

We must especially beware of that small group
羽毛でくるむof selfish men who would clip the wings of the American eagle in order to feather theirown nests.
～というI have recently pointed out how quickly the tempo of modern warfare could bring into our
実体的な

一 撃 を

我々の

只中に

very midst the physical attack which we must eventually expect if the dictator nations win
this war.
免れること

There is much loose talk of our immunity from immediate and direct invasion from across
保持する

the seas.

Obviously, as long as the British Navy retains its power, no such danger exists.

Even if there were no British Navy, it is not probable that any enemy would be stupid
enough to attack us by landing troops in the United States from across thousands of miles
作戦をする

of ocean, until it had acquired strategic bases from which to operate.
But we learn much from the lessons of the past years in Europe -- particularly the lesson of
背信行為

軍備

拡張

Norway, whose essential seaports were captured by treachery and surprise built up overa series of years. The first phase of the invasion of this hemisphere would not be the landingof regular troops.

The necessary strategic points would be occupied by secret agents and

手先by their dupes -- and great numbers of them are already here and in Latin America. As
long as the aggressor nations maintain the offensive they, not we, will choose the time andthe place and the method of their attack.

IIIThe Four Freedoms
And that is why the future of all the American Republics is today in serious danger.
why this annual message to the Congress is unique in our history.

That isThat is why every

行政府

member of the executive branch of the government and every member of the Congress
説明責任

face great responsibility, great accountability . The need of the moment is that our actions
and our policy should be devoted primarily -- almost exclusively -- to meeting this foreign
peril.

For all our domestic problems are now a part of the great emergency.
適正なJust as our national policy in internal affairs has been based upon a decent respect for the国内

rights and the dignity of all our fellow men within our gates , so our national policy inforeign affairs has been based on a decent respect for the rights and the dignity of allnations, large and small.

And the justice of morality must and will win in the end.

Our national policy is this:～に関係なく党派

First, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we
包括的な

are committed to all-inclusive national defense.
Secondly, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship,
決然とした

we are committed to full support of all those resolute people everywhere who are resisting
aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our hemisphere. By this support we
大義

express our determination that the democratic cause shall prevail, and we strengthen the
defense and the security of our own nation.
Third, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we計画

are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our
黙従する

命令する

own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors andsponsored by appeasers. We know that enduring peace cannot be bought at the cost ofother people's freedom.
In the recent national election there was no substantial difference between the two great～という点

parties in respect to that national policy. No issue was fought out on this line before the有権者

American electorate .

非常にAnd today it is abundantly

evident that American citizens

everywhere are demanding and supporting speedy and complete action in recognition of
obvious danger.
敏速なTherefore, the immediate need is a swift

IV

猛烈な

and driving

increase in our armament

The Four Freedoms
召命

production. Leaders of industry and labor have responded to our summons. Goals of speed
have been set. In some cases these goals are being reached ahead of time. In some cases weare on schedule; in other cases there are slight but not serious delays. And in some cases -and, I am sorry to say, very important cases -- we are all concerned by the slowness of the
達成度

accomplishment of our plans.
The Army and Navy, however, have made substantial progress during the past year. Actual
experience is improving and speeding up our methods of production with every passing day.
And today's best is not good enough for tomorrow.
これ

まで

～担当の

I am not satisfied with the progress thus far made. The men in charge of the program
represent the best in training, in ability, and in patriotism. They are not satisfied with theprogress thus far made.

None of us will be satisfied until the job is done.

No matter whether the original goal was set too high or too low, our objective is quicker andbetter results.
To give you two illustrations:
生産する

完成した

We are behind schedule in turning out finished airplanes. We are working day and night
無数のto solve the innumerable problems and to catch up.
We are ahead of schedule in building warships, but we are working to get even further
ahead of that schedule.
To change a whole nation from a basis of peacetime production of implements of peace to abasis of wartime production of implements of war is no small task. And the greatestdifficulty comes at the beginning of the program, when new tools, new plant facilities, new
組み立てライン造船台

製造品

assembly lines, new shipways must first be constructed before the actual material begins
to flow steadily and speedily from them.
The Congress of course, must rightly keep itself informed at all times of the progress of the
program.

However, there is certain information, as the Congress itself will readily

recognize, which, in the interests of our own security and those of the nations that we are
内密にする

supporting, must of needs be kept in confidence.

VThe Four Freedoms
引き起こす

New circumstances are constantly begetting new needs for our safety. I shall ask this
予算割り当てCongress for greatly increased new appropriations and authorizations to carry on what wehave begun.
I also ask this Congress for authority and for funds sufficient to manufacture additional
引き渡す

munitions and war supplies of many kinds, to be turned over to those nations which are
now in actual war with aggressor nations. Our most useful and immediate role is to act as
an arsenal for them as well as for ourselves. They do not need manpower, but they do needbillions of dollars’ worth of the weapons of defense.
The time is near when they will not be able to pay for them all in ready cash.

We cannot,

and we will not, tell them that they must surrender merely because of present inability to
pay for the weapons which, we know, they must have.
I do not recommend that we make them a loan of dollars with which to pay for theseweapons -- a loan to be repaid in dollars. I recommend that we make it possible for thosenations to continue to obtain war materials in the United States, fitting their orders into ourown program. And nearly all of their material would, if the time ever came, be useful in ourown defense.
Taking counsel of expert military and naval authorities, considering what is best for ourown security, we are free to decide how much should be kept here and how much should besent abroad to our friends who, by their determined and heroic resistance, are giving us
time in which to make ready our own defense.
For what we send abroad we shall be repaid, repaid within a reasonable time following the
敵意が迫るに伴う

我々が選択するままにclose of hostilities, repaid in similar materials, or at our option in other goods of manykinds which they can produce and which we need.
Let us say to the democracies: "We Americans are vitally concerned in your defense of
供出する

freedom. We are putting forth our energies, our resources, and our organizing powers to取り戻すgive you the strength to regain

and maintain a free world. We shall send you in

ever-increasing numbers, ships, planes, tanks, guns. That is our purpose and our pledge."
成就

脅かす

In fulfillment of this purpose, we will not be intimidated by the threats of dictators that～を～とみなす

they will regard侵害

as a breach of international law or as an act of war our aid to the

VIThe Four Freedoms
democracies which dare to resist their aggression. Such aid, such aid is not an act of war,
一方的に

even if a dictator should unilaterally proclaim it so to be.
And when the dictators -- if the dictators -- are ready to make war upon us, they will not
wait for an act of war on our part.
They did not wait for Norway or Belgium or the Netherlands to commit an act of war. Their
互いに法をonly interest is in a new one-way international law, which lacks mutuality inits

遵守すること道具

observance and therefore becomes an instrument of oppression. The happiness of future
generations of Americans may well depend on how effective and how immediate we can
切実に

make our aid felt . No one can tell the exact character of the emergency situations that wemay be called upon to meet. The nation's hands must not be tied when the nation's life is indanger.
Yes, and we must prepare, all of us prepare, to make the sacrifices that the emergency,
almost as serious as war itself, demands. Whatever stands in the way of speed and efficiency
in defense, in defense preparations of any kind, must give way to the national need.
A free nation has the right to expect full cooperation from all groups. A free nation has the
～に期待

する

right to look to the leaders of business, of labor, and of agriculture to take the lead instimulating effort, not among other groups but within their own group.
怠け者

The best way of dealing with the few slackers or trouble-makers in our midst is, first, to
主権shame them by patriotic example, and if that fails, to use the sovereignty of government tosave government.
受け持つAs men do not live by bread alone, they do not fight by armaments alone. Those who man
our defenses and those behind them who build our defenses must have the stamina and thecourage which come from unshakable belief in the manner of life which they are defending.
軽視

The mighty action that we are calling for cannot be based on a disregard of all the things
worth fighting for.
The nation takes great satisfaction and much strength from the things which have been
利害関係

done to make its people conscious of their individual stakein the preservation of

強化する

democratic life in America.

Those things have toughened the fiber of our people, haverenewed their faith and strengthened their devotion to the institutions we make ready to

VIIThe Four Freedoms
protect.
Certainly this is no time for any of us to stop thinking about the social and economic
problems which are the root cause of the social revolution which is today a supreme factor
in the world. For there is nothing mysterious about the foundations of a healthy and strong
democracy.
The basic things expected by our people of their political and economic systems are simple.
They are:Equality of opportunity for youth and for others.
Jobs for those who can work.
Security for those who need it.
The ending of special privilege for the few.
The preservation of civil liberties for all.
享受

The enjoyment, the enjoyment of the fruits of scientific progress in a wider and constantly
rising standard of living.
騒擾

These are the simple, the basic things that must never be lost sight of in the turmoil and
長続きする

unbelievable complexity of our modern world. The inner and abiding strength of oureconomic and political systems is dependent upon the degree to which they fulfill these
expectations.
Many subjects connected with our social economy call for immediate improvement. As
examples:
保障の対象者にする

We should bring more citizens under thecoverage

失業保険

unemployment insurance.
We should widen the opportunities for adequate medical care.

VIII

老齢年金

of old-age

pensionsandThe Four Freedoms
有給のWe should plan a better system by which persons deserving or needing

gainful

employment may obtain it.
～を確信する

I have called for personal sacrifice, and I am assured of the willingness of almost all
Americans to respond to that call. A part of the sacrifice means the payment of more money
予算教書

in taxes. In my budget message I will recommend that a greater portion of this great
defense program be paid for from taxation than we are paying for today. No person should
納税

の

原理

try, or be allowed to get rich out of the program, and the principle of tax payments in～に応じて絶えず公衆の面前に

accordancewith ability to pay should be constantly

さらす

beforeour eyes to guide ourlegislation.
If the Congress maintains these principles, the voters, putting patriotism ahead
お財布

議員諸君

pocketbooks, will give you their applause.
In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded uponfour essential human freedoms.
The first is freedom of speech and expression, everywhere in the world.
The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way everywhere in theworld.
欠乏

世界的な

観点

The third is freedom from want , which, translated into world terms , means economic
住人

understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants,
everywhere in the world.
The fourth is freedom from fear, which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide
世界的軍備

削減

形式

reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation
will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor, anywherein the world.
達成可能なThat is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainablein our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called“new order” of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb.
To that new order we oppose the greater conception, the moral order. A good society is able

IX

The Four Freedoms
陰謀

to face schemes of world domination and foreign revolutions alike without fear.
～に携わる

Since the beginning of our American history we have been engaged

in change, in a

永続的なperpetual, peaceful revolution, a revolution which goes on steadily, quietly, adjusting itself
強制収容所

to changing conditions without the concentration camp or the quicklime in the ditch. The
world order which we seek is the cooperation of free countries, working together in afriendly, civilized society.
This nation has placed its destiny in the hands and heads and hearts of its millions of free
men and women, and its faith in freedom under the guidance of God. Freedom means thesupremacy of human rights everywhere. Our support goes to those who struggle to gain
those rights and keep them. Our strength is our unity of purpose.
To that high concept there can be no end save victory.

X