AN12610

QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications
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Document information
Information

Content

Keywords

QN9090 RF, Bluetooth LE, TX, RX

Abstract

This document provides the QN9090 RF evaluation test results

Application noteAN12610

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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications

1 Introduction
This document provides the RF evaluation test results of the QN9090 for Bluetooth Low Energy (Bluetooth LE)
applications on Two Frequency Shift Keying (2FSK) modulation.
It includes the test setup description and the tools used to perform the tests. To get the QN9090 radio
parameters, see the QN9090 Data Sheet.

1.1 List of tests
Conducted tests on QN9090:• TX tests– Bench setup– Frequency accuracy– Phase noise– TX power– TX power in band
– TX spurious (H2 to H5, ETSI, and FCC)
– Upper band edge
– Modulation characteristics– Carrier frequency offset and drift• RX tests– Bench setup– Sensitivity– Receiver maximum input level– RX spurious (from 30 MHz to 12.5 GHz)
– Receiver interference rejection performances– C/I and receiver selectivity performances– Receiver blocking– Blocking interferers– Intermodulation• Return loss (S11)
– RX
– TX

1.2 Software
Before the measurements, load a binary code (connectivity software) in the flash memory of the board. The
connectivity tool supports receiver and transmitter functions of the device.
The version of the software is 1.0.2 and the name of the bin file is QN9090x_Certi_Tools.bin. The radio
driver version is 2069.

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Figure 1. Certi_tool evaluation software

1.3 List of equipment
The list of equipment used for the RX and TX measurements are as follows:• DK6 board and a QN9090 module with SMA connector. The design is same as for the modules with an M10
printed antenna.
• R&S SMBV100A signal generator.
• R&S FSV spectrum analyzer - 13 GHz for harmonic measurements up to H5.
• R&S ZND vector network analyzer for S11 measurements.
• R&S RF shielded box to avoid interferences.
• PC equipped with a GPIB card.

2 Test summary
RF PHY Bluetooth test specification: RF-PHY.TS.4.2.0 (2014-12-09)
The list of measurements is given in Table 1 for Europe and Table 2 for the US.
Table 1. List of tests for Europe
Name

Measurements

TX maximum power

Reference
Bluetooth LE 4.2,
BV-01-C-20 dBm ≤ PAVG
≤ +10 dBm EIRP

Bluetooth LE 5.0

20 dBm ≤ PAVG
≤ +20 dBm EIRP

Bluetooth LE 4.2,
BV-03-C

PTX <= -20 dBm
for (fTX +/- 2 MHz)PTX <= -20 dBm
for (fRX +/-4 MHz
and +/-5 MHz)

Transmission
TX power in band

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StatusPASS

PASS© 2023 NXP B.V. All rights reserved.

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Table 1. List of tests for Europe...continued
Name

Measurements

Modulation characteristics

Reference
Bluetooth LE 5.0

PTX <= -30 dBm for(fTX +/- [3 + n] MHz]);PTX <= -30 dBm for(fRX +/- [6+n] MHz)

Bluetooth LE 4.2,
BV-05-C

225 kHz <= delta
f1avg <= 275 kHz

Bluetooth LE 5.0

450 kHz <= delta
f1avg <= 550 kHz

Bluetooth LE 4.2,
BV-06-C
Carrier frequency offset and
drift

Limit

Bluetooth LE 5.0

StatusPASS

fTX – 150 kHz <= fn <=fTX + 150 kHz wherefTX is the nominaltransmit frequency
and n=0,1,2,3…k|f0 – fn| <= 50 kHz
where n=2,3,4…k

PASS

PASS

Spurious 30 MHz – 1 GHzETSI EN 300 328-36 dBm or -54
dBm (depends
on frequency)(100 kHz BW)

Spurious 1 GHz - 12.5 GHzETSI EN 300 328-30 dBm (1 MHz BW)

PASS

EIRP TX spectral density

ETSI EN 300 328

10 dBm/MHz

PASS

Phase noise (unspread)NA

NA

For information

Packet Error Rate
(PER) 30.8 %with a minimumof 1500 packets

PASS> 21 dB

PASS> 15 dB, -17
dB, -27 dB

PASS-30 dBm / -35 dBm

PASS

PER 30.8 % witha minimum of1500 packets

PASS

PASS

Bluetooth LE 5.0

PER 30.8 % witha minimum of1500 packets

RX emissions 30 MHz – 1
GHz

ETSI EN 300 328-57 dBm (100 kHz)PASS

RX emissions 1 GHz - 12.5
GHz

ETSI EN 300 328-47 dBm (1 MHz)PASS

Bluetooth LE 4.2,
BV-01-CRX sensitivity

Bluetooth LE 5.0
Bluetooth LE 4.2,
BV-03-C

Co-channel

Bluetooth LE 5.0
Adjacent channelinterference rejection (N+/1,2,3+MHz)

Reception

Bluetooth LE 4.2,
BV-03-C
Bluetooth LE 5.0
Bluetooth LE 4.2,
BV-04-C

Blocking interferers

Bluetooth LE 5.0
Bluetooth LE 4.2,
Intermodulation performance BV-05-C
Bluetooth LE 5.0
RX maximum input level

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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications
Table 1. List of tests for Europe...continued
Name

Miscellaneous[1]

Measurements

Reference

Limit

Return loss in TX
mode

Return loss (S11)

Status

For information

Return loss in RX
mode

Blockers below 2399 GHz and above 2484 GHz are not measured in this report.

Table 2. List of tests for the US
Name

Transmission

Measurements

Reference

TX maximum power

FCC part 15.247

Spurious 1 GHz - 12.5
GHz

FCC part 15.249

Limit

Status

PAVG ≤ 100 mW+20 dBm EIRPPASS

Field strength <50 mV/m at 3 m

PASS-41.12 dBm(1 MHz BW)

3 Conducted tests
3.1 TX tests
This section lists the details about TX tests.

3.1.1 Test setup
Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the TX test setups.

Spectrum analyzer

RF cable2

I C / UART

Figure 2. Conducted TX test setup

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GPIB

RF cable2

I C / UART

Figure 3. Specific conducted TX test setup

3.1.2 Frequency accuracy
Test method:
1. Set the radio to:• TX mode• CW• Continuous mode
• Frequency: Channel 19
2. Set the analyzer to:• Center frequency = 2.44 GHz• Span = 1 MHz• Ref amp = 20 dBm• RBW = 10 kHz• VBW = 100 kHz
3. Measure the CW frequency with the marker of the spectrum analyzer.
Result for 1 MB/s is shown in Figure 4:
20
(dBm)
0

-20

-40

-60
2.43920E+09 2.43940E+09 2.43960E+09 2.43980E+09 2.44000E+09 2.44020E+09 2.44040E+09(Hz)

Figure 4. Frequency accuracy of TX for 1 MB/s
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications• Measured frequency: 2.4397635 GHz• ppm value = (243976350 - 24397500) / 24397500 = +5.5 ppm
Table 3. Frequency accuracy
ResultTarget+5.5 ppm+/-25 ppm

Result for 2 MB/s is shown in Figure 5:
20
(dBm)
0

-20

-40

-60
2.43920E+09 2.43940E+09 2.43960E+09 2.43980E+09 2.44000E+09 2.44020E+09 2.44040E+09(Hz)

Figure 5. Frequency accuracy of TX for 2 MB/s

• Measured frequency: 2.43951 GHz• ppm value = (243951000 - 24395000) / 24395000 = +4.1 ppm
Table 4. Frequency accuracy
ResultTarget+4.1 ppm+/-25 ppm

Note: The frequency accuracy depends on the XTAL model.
Conclusion:• The frequency accuracy complies with the data sheet.

3.1.3 Phase noise
Test method:
1. Set the radio to:• TX mode• CW• Continuous mode
• Frequency: Channel 19
2. Set the analyzer to:• Center frequency = 2.44 GHz• Span = 1 MHz• Ref amp = 20 dBm• RBW = 10 kHz
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications• VBW = 100 kHz
3. Measure the phase noise at the 100 kHz offset frequency:• RBW (spectrum analyzer) = 10 kHz (20 log (10 kHz) = 40 dBc)
Result:
20
(dBm)
0

-20

-40

-36.5 dBm

-60
2.43920E+09 2.43940E+09 2.43960E+09 2.43980E+09 2.44000E+09 2.44020E+09 2.44040E+09(Hz)

Figure 6. Conducted phase noise for 1 MB/s

• Marker value (delta) = -46.1 dBm / 100 kHz = -86.1 dBc/Hz
Note: The phase noise is just for informational purposes. No specific issue on this parameter.
Conclusion:• The result is the same for 2 MB/s data rate.

3.1.4 TX power (fundamental)
Test method:
1. Set the radio to:• TX mode 1 M• Unmodulated• Continuous mode (00)
2. Set the analyzer to:• Start frequency = 2.4 GHz• Stop frequency = 2.5 GHz• Ref amp = 20 dBm• Sweep time = 11.3 µs• RBW = 3 MHz• VBW = 3 MHz• Maximum Hold mode
• Detector = RMS
3. Sweep all the channels from channel 0 to channel 39
Result:AN12610

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Figure 7. TX power for 1 MB/s

• Maximum power is on channel 10: 9.74 dBm• Minimum power is on channel 20: 9.67 dBm• Tilt over frequencies: 0.07 dB
The same test is performed when setting 2 MB/s. Figure 8 shows the result:

Figure 8. TX power for 2 MB/s

• Maximum power is on channel 10: 9.74 dBm• Minimum power is on channel 11: 9.66 dBm• Tilt over frequencies: 0.07 dB
Conclusion:• The default TX power is in line with the expected results.
• The power is flat over frequencies.

3.1.5 TX power in band
Test method:
1. Set the radio to:• TX mode• Modulated• Continuous mode
2. Set the analyzer to:• Start frequency = 2.35 GHz
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications• Stop frequency = 2.5 GHz• Ref amp = 10 dBm• Sweep time = 100 ms• RBW = 100 kHz• VBW = 300 kHz• Maximum Hold mode
• Detector = RMS• Number of sweeps = 10
3. Sweep on channel 2, channel 19, and channel 37
Result:
10

Power

(dBm)
-10

-30

-50

-70
2.400E+09

2.402E+09

2.404E+09

2.406E+09

2.408E+09

2.410E+09(Hz)

Figure 9. TX power in band, channel 2 for 1 MB/s

Table 1 shows the statistics on 1 MHz bandwidth using CMW270 equipment measurement.
Table 5. For 1 MB/s
Bandwidth

Specification

Measurement (dBm)

Max peak level <= -2 MHz

-20

-33.9

Max peak level >= +2 MHz

-20

-33.3

Max peak level <= -3 MHz

-30

-45.2

Max peak level >= +3 MHz

-30

-43.8

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10

Power

(dBm)
-10

-30

-50

-70
2.400E+09

2.402E+09

2.404E+09

2.406E+09

2.408E+09

2.410E+09(Hz)

Figure 10. TX power in band, channel 2 for 2 MB/s

Table 2 shows the statistics on 1 MHz bandwidth using CMW270 equipment measurement.
Table 6. For 2 MB/s
Bandwidth

Specification

Measurement (dBm)

Max peak level <= -4 MHz

-20

-49.8

Max peak level >= +4 MHz

-20

-47.4

Max peak level <= -6 MHz--

Max peak level >= +6 MHz

-30

-54.4

10

Power

(dBm)
-10

-30

-50

-70
2.43E+09

2.44E+09

2.44E+09

2.44E+09

2.44E+09

2.44E+09
2.45E+09(Hz)

Figure 11. TX power in band, channel 19 for 1 MB/s

Table 3 shows the statistics on 1 MHz bandwidth using CMW270 equipment measurement.
Table 7. For 1 MB/s
Bandwidth

Specification

Measurement (dBm)

Max peak level <= -2 MHz

-20

-45.3

Max peak level >= +2 MHz

-20

-45.6

Max peak level <= -3 MHz

-30

-49.6

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Table 7. For 1 MB/s...continued
Bandwidth

Specification

Measurement (dBm)

-30

-48.8

Max peak level >= +3 MHz
10

Power

(dBm)
-10

-30

-50

-70
2.434E+09

2.436E+09

2.438E+09

2.440E+09

2.442E+09

2.444E+09
2.446E+09(Hz)

Figure 12. TX power in band, channel 19 for 2 MB/s

Table 4 shows the statistics on 1 MHz bandwidth using CMW270 equipment measurement.
Table 8. For 2 MB/s
Bandwidth

Specification

Measurement (dBm)

Max peak level <= -4 MHz

-20

-49.6

Max peak level >= +4 MHz

-20

-47.3

Max peak level <= -6 MHz

-30

-54.2

Max peak level >= +6 MHz

-30

-54.2

10

Power

(dBm)
-10

-30

-50

-70
2.470E+09

2.475E+09

2.480E+09(Hz)

Figure 13. TX power in band, channel 37 for 1 MB/s

Table 5 shows the statistics on 1 MHz bandwidth using CMW270 equipment measurement.

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Table 9. For 1 MB/s
Bandwidth

Specification

Measurement (dBm)

Max peak level <= -2 MHz

-20

-45.0

Max peak level >= +2 MHz

-20

-45.2

Max peak level <= -3 MHz

-30

-49.6

Max peak level >= +3 MHz

-30

-48.6

10
Power

(dBm)
-10

-30

-50

-70
2.470E+09

2.475E+09

2.480E+09(Hz)

Figure 14. TX power in band, channel 37 for 2 MB/s

Table 6 shows the statistics on 1 MHz bandwidth using CMW270 equipment measurement.
Table 10. For 2 MB/s
Bandwidth

Specification

Measurement (dBm)

Max peak level <= -4 MHz

-20

-46.3

Max peak level >= +4 MHz

-20

-44.9

Max peak level <= -6 MHz

-30

-48.8

Max peak level >= +6 MHz--

Conclusion:• These results are compliant with Bluetooth LE 4.2 and Bluetooth LE 5.0.

3.1.6 TX spurious
3.1.6.1 30 MHz to 12.5 GHz
Spurious overview of the full band from 30 MHz to 12.5 GHz when the device is in the transmission mode is asfollows:

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20

Power
ETSI limit

(dBm)
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
3.000E+07

2.030E+94.030E+96.030E+98.030E+91003E+101.203E+10(Hz)

Figure 15. Conducted TX spurious for 1 MB/s (30 MHz to 12.5 GHz)
20

Power
3.00E+07 -36

(dBm)
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
3.000E+07

2.030E+09

4.030E+09

6.030E+09

8.030E+09

1.003E+10

1.203E+10(Hz)

Figure 16. Conducted TX spurious for 2 MB/s (30 MHz to 12.5 GHz)

Conclusion:• There are no TX spurs above the EN 300 328 limit (more than 15 dB margin).
• Harmonics are measured in the following sections.

3.1.6.2 H2 (ETSI test conditions, peak measurement)
Test method:
1. Set the radio to:• TX mode• Modulated• Continuous mode
2. Set the analyzer to:• Start frequency = 4.7 GHz• Stop frequency = 5 GHz• Ref amp = -20 dBm• Sweep time = 100 ms
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications• RBW = 1 MHz• VBW = 3 MHz• Maximum Hold mode
• Detector: Peak
3. Sweep all the channels from channel 0 to channel 39.
Result:-10

Power
ETSI limit

(dBm)
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
4.800E+09

4.850E+09

4.900E+09

4.950E+09(Hz)

Figure 17. Conducted H2 spurious• Maximum power is at channel 21: -52.4 dBm
Conclusion:• There is 22.4 dB margin to the ETSI limit.

3.1.6.3 H3 (ETSI test conditions, peak measurement)
The test method is the same as for the H2, except the spectrum analyzer frequency start/stop is set to 7.0 GHz
and 7.5 GHz.
Result:0
Power
ETSI limit

(dBm)
-20

-40

-60

-80
7.20E+09

7.25E+09

7.30E+09

7.35E+09

7.40E+09(Hz)

7.45E+09

Figure 18. Conducted H3 spurious
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications• H3 maximum power is at channel 17: -66.9 dBm
Conclusion:• There is 36.9 dB margin to the ETSI limit.

3.1.6.4 H4 (ETSI test conditions, peak measurement)
The test method is the same as for the H2, except that the spectrum analyzer frequency span is set from 9.4
GHz to 10.0 GHz.
Result:0
Power
ETSI limit

(dBm)
-20

-40

-60

-80
9.60E+09

9.70E+09

9.80E+09

9.90E+09(Hz)

Figure 19. Conducted H4 spurious• Maximum power is at channel 37: -48.4 dBm
Conclusion:• There is 18.4 dB margin to the ETSI limit.

3.1.6.5 H5 (ETSI test conditions, peak measurement)
The test method is the same as for the H2, except that the spectrum analyzer frequency span is set from 11.7
GHz to 12.5 GHz.
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications
0
Power
ETSI limit

(dBm)
-20

-40

-60

-80
1.20E+10

1.21E+10

1.22E+10

1.23E+10(Hz)

1.24E+10

Figure 20. Conducted H5 spurious• Maximum power is at channel 37: -47.95 dBm
Conclusion:• There is 17.95 dB margin to the ETSI limit.

3.1.6.6 H2 (FCC test conditions, average measurements)
Test method:
1. Set the radio to:• TX mode• Modulated• Continuous mode
2. Set the analyzer to:• Start frequency = 4.7 GHz• Stop frequency = 5 GHz• Ref amp = -20 dBm• Sweep time = 100 ms• RBW = 1 MHz• VBW = 3 MHz• Trace: Maximum Hold mode
• Detector: RMS
3. Sweep all the channels from channel 0 to channel 39. For this case and in the next sections, only 4 isrepresented.
Result:AN12610

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-20
(dBm)
-30

-40

-50

-60

-70
4800

4840

4880

4920

4960

(MHz)

5000

Figure 21. Conducted H2 FCC spurious

Conclusion:• There is around 20 dB margin to the FCC limit.

3.1.6.7 H3 (FCC test conditions, average measurements)
The test method is the same as for the H2, except that the spectrum analyzer frequency span is set from 7.0
GHz to 7.5 GHz.
Result:0

Power
ETSI limit

(dBm)
-20

-40

-60

-80
7.20E+09

7.25E+09

7.30E+09

7.35E+09

7.40E+09

7.45E+09
7.50E+09(Hz)

Figure 22. Conducted H3 FCC spurious• Power is -66 dBm below noise floor of this measurement.
Conclusion:• There is 25 dB margin to the FCC limit.

3.1.6.8 H4 (FCC test conditions, average measurements)
The test method is same as for the H2, except that the spectrum analyzer frequency span is set from 9.4 GHz
to 10 GHz.
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications
Result:
-10
(dBm)
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
9.60E+09

9.70E+09

9.80E+09

9.90E+09(Hz)

1.00E+10

Figure 23. Conducted H4 FCC spurious

Conclusion:• There is around 9 dB margin to the FCC limit.

3.1.6.9 H5 (FCC test conditions, average measurements)
The test method is same as for the H2, except that the spectrum analyzer frequency span is set from 11.7 GHz
to 12.5 GHz.
Result:
0
(dBm)
-20

-40

-60

-80
1.20E+10

1.21E+10

1.22E+10

1.23E+10

1.24E+10(Hz)

1.25E+10

Figure 24. Conducted H5 FCC spurious

Conclusion:• There is around 12 dB margin to the FCC limit.

3.1.7 Upper band edge
Test method:
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications
1. Set the radio to:• TX mode• Modulated• Continuous mode
2. Set the analyzer to:• Start frequency = 2.475 GHz• Stop frequency = 2.485 GHz• Ref amp = -20 dBm• Sweep time=100 ms• RBW = 1MHz• VBW = 3MHz
• Detector = Average• Average mode = Power• Number of sweeps = 100• Set the channel 39 (2.48 GHz)
Results:

Figure 25. Upper band edge for 1 MB/s, channel 39

Figure 26. Upper band edge for 2 MB/s, channel 39

Conclusion:• The upper band edge test passes the FCC certification.
• There is 12.7 dB margin for 1 MB/s and 13.5 dB margin for 2 MB/s to the FCC limit.

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3.1.8 Modulation characteristics
A CMW equipment is used to measure the frequency deviation df1 and df2. A specific binary is flashed from the
SDK: hci_blackbox_bm.bin. The version V1 is used here.
Test method:• Generator for the desired signal: CMW R&S• Criterion: PER < 30.8 % with 1500 packets• Channels under test: 0, 2, 12, 19, 37, and 39
Result:Table 11. Modulation characteristics at 1 MB/s
Frequency
deviation

Channel number

Specification

0

2

12

19

37

39

min

max

Frequency
deviation
df1 Average(kHz)

250.54248.77250.11250.47249.72250.65225

275

Frequency
deviation
df2 99.9 %(kHz)

204.14204.84201.35204.84209.44206.34185-

Frequency
deviation
df2
Average /df1 Average

0.904

0.918

0.916

0.908

0.9

0.8

-

0.899

Table 12. Modulation characteristics at 2 MB/s
Frequency
deviation

Channel number

Specification

0

2

12

19

37

39

min

max

Frequency
deviation
df1 Average(kHz)509.94502.86508.01509.61508.37510.28450550Frequency
deviation
df2 99.9 %(kHz)

421.28423.67416.28427.87424.67422.27370-

Frequency
deviation
df2
Average /df1 Average

0.874

0.89

0.871

0.884

0.878

0.872

0.8

-

Conclusion:• The margins are good and in line with the expected results.

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3.1.9 Carrier frequency offset and drift
A CMW equipment is used to measure the frequency deviation df1 and df2. A specific binary is flashed from the
SDK: hci_blackbox_bm.bin. The version 2.11 is used here.
Test method:• Generator for the desired signal: CMW270 R&S• Criterion: PER < 30.8 % with 1500 packets• Channels under test: 0, 2, 12, 19, 37, and 39
Result:Table 13. Carrier frequency offset and drift at 1 MB/s
Frequency
offsetand drift

Channel number

Specification

0

2

12

19

37

39

min

max

Frequency
drift (kHz)

-5.14

-5.65

-3.87

0.03

2.25

2.49

-50

50

Max drift
rate (kHz/50
μs)

-0.14

-0.41

0.17

0.7

0.07

0.12

-20

20

Frequency
offset (kHz)

9.39

9.8

8.13

7.86

7.72

7.93

-150

150

Initialfrequency
drift (kHz)

-3.15

-2.95

-1.43

0.39

1.05

1.58

-23

23

Table 14. Carrier frequency offset and drift at 2 MB/s
Frequency
offsetand drift

Channel number

Specification

0

2

12

19

37

39

min

max

Frequency
drift (kHz)

-4.97

-4.34

-1.87

1.53

4.73

3.35

-50

50

Max drift
rate (kHz/50
μs)

-1.82

-3.09

-2.11

-1.55

-1.63

-1.89

-20

20

Frequency
offset (kHz)

9.42

9.4

8.54

8.35

7.89

8.05

-150

150

Initialfrequency
drift (kHz)

-1.76

-0.74

-0.45

2.43

4.39

3.13

-23

23

Conclusion:• Good margins, in line with the expected results.
For the receiver measurements in next sections, the software used is the connectivity tool 1.0.2.

3.2 RX tests
This section lists the details about RX tests.
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3.2.1 Test setup
Figure 27 to Figure 30, shows the conducted RX test setups.
SMBV100A generator

Pat Trig
connector
DIO17
RF cable2

I C / UART

Figure 27. Conducted RX test setup for sensitivity with RF generator and faraday box

SFU
SMBV100A
generator
RF cables2

I C / UART

DIO17

+

Figure 28. Conducted RX test setup for interference rejection

Spectrum analyzer

USB / UART
RF cable

Figure 29. Conducted RX test setup for spurious

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SFU

RF cables

HP E4438
R&S
SMBV100A

2

I C / UART

DIO17

+

Figure 30. Conducted RX test setup for intermodulation performances

3.2.2 Sensitivity
3.2.2.1 With the ARB generator
To remain immune to the external parasitic signals, DK6 board is put in an RF shielded box.

Figure 31. Sensitivity test
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The generator, SMBV100A, is used in the ARB mode to generate a pattern of 1500 packets (triggered on DIO17
from DK6). The Tera Term window is used to control the module.
Test method:
1. Set it to channel 0.
2. The connection is automatically established and the Packet Error Rate (PER) is measured.
3. Decrease the level of the SFU at the RF input of the module until PER = 30.8 %.
4. Repeat it up to channel 39.
The results of the few channels measured manually are as follows:
Results for 1 MB/s data rate:
-100
dBm
-95
Sensitivity
Bluetooth LE limit
K32W typ spec

-90
-85
-80
-75
-70
-65

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36
38
ChannelFigure 32. 1 MB/s sensitivity result• The best sensitivity is on channel 1: -96.7 dBm• The lowest sensitivity is: -96.3 dB• Delta over channels: 0.4 dB
Results for 2 MB/s data rate:
-100
dBm
-95
-90

Sensitivity
Bluetooth LE limit
K32W typ spec

-85
-80
-75
-70
-65

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36
38
ChannelFigure 33. 2 MB/s sensitivity result• The best sensitivity is on channel 0, 1, 19: -92.7 dBm
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications• The lowest sensitivity is: -92.6 dB• Delta over channels: 0.1 dB
Conclusion:• Sensitivity average value is -96.5 dBm for 1 MB/s and -92.7 dBm for 2 MB/s. These results are in line withcharacterization results.

3.2.3 Receiver maximum input level
Test method:• The test setup is same as for the sensitivity test.
• The signal level is increased up to the PER = 30.8 % with 1500 packets.
Results at 1 MB/s:
40
Input level
(dBm)
30

Sensitivity dBm
QN9090 max spec
Bluetooth LE limit

20
10
0
-10
-20
-30

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

21

24

27

30

33

36

39
42
Channel45

Figure 34. Maximum input power for 1 MB/s

Results at 2 MB/s:
40
Input level
(dBm)
30

Receiver maximum input level
QN9090 max spec
Bluetooth LE limit

20
10
0
-10
-20
-30

0

3

6

9

12

15

18

21

24

27

30

33

36

39 42
Channel45

Figure 35. Maximum input power for 2 MB/s

Conclusion:
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications• The value specified by data sheet is only for the information purpose.
• According to the test results from above, there is a margin to increase the input power level up to 20 dBm.
• Therefore, from a system perspective, these results are consistent with the expected values.

3.2.4 RX spurious
Test method
1. Set the radio to:• Receiver mode
• Frequency: Channel 18
2. Set the analyzer to:• Ref amp = -20 dBm• Trace = Max Hold
• Detector = Max Peak
• Start/stop frequency: 30 MHz /1 GHz– RBW = 100 kHz, VBW = 300 kHz• Then set the start/stop frequency: 1 GHz /30 GHz– RBW = 1 MHz, VBW = 3 MHz
Power
(dBm)

0

Power
ETSI limit

-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80

-100
0.003

0.503

1
Frequency (GHz)

Figure 36. Conducted RX spurious 30 MHz – 12.5 GHz

Conclusion:• There are no spurs above the spectrum analyzer noise floor.
• More than 13 dB margin.

3.2.5 Receiver interference rejection performances
3.2.5.1 Adjacent, alternate, and co-channel rejection
The interferers are at the adjacent channel (+/-1 MHz, +/-2 MHz, +/-3 MHz) or co-channel. The test is performed
with only one interfering unmodulated signal at a time.
Test method:• Generator for the desired signal: SMBV100A.
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QN9090 RF System Evaluation Report for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications• Generator for interferers: R&S SFU.
• Criterion: PER < 30.8 % with 1500 packets.
• The desired signal is set to -67 dBm; the interferer is increased until the PER threshold is reached.
• Channel under test = 2.
Results for 1 MB/s:
ch22406
N-2 MHz N-1 MHz N+1 MHz N+2 MHz
2404

2405

2407

2408

Interferer Read value

-27.4

-26.9

-27.7

-13.9

Interferer level (dBm)

-32.4

-31.9

-32.7

-18.9

Interferer level (C/I dB)

-34.6

-35.1

-34.3

-48.1

Bluetooth LE 4.2 limit (C/I dB)

-17

15

15

-17

Margin (dB)

17.6

50.1

49.3

31.1
Co-channel

ch2

ch2

2406

2406

N-3 MHz N+3 MHz
2403

N

2409

2406

Interferer Read value

-13.7

-7.5

-63

Interferer level (dBm)

-18.7

-12.5

-68.0

Interferer level (C/I dB)

-48.3

-54.5

1.0

Bluetooth LE 4.2 limit (C/I dB)

-27

-27

21

Margin (dB)

21.3

27.5

20.0

Figure 37. Adjacent, alternate, and co-channel rejection
30

C/I interferer
Bluetooth LE 4.2 limits
K32W data sheet limits

10

-10

-30

-50

-70

2400

2402

2404

2406

2408

2410

(MHz)

2412

Figure 38. Adjacent, alternate, and co-channel rejection at channel 2

Results for 2 MB/s:

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ch2
2406
N-4 MHz

N-2 MHz N+2 MHz N+4 MHz

2402

2404

2408

2410

-32.0

-26.9

-22

-13.4

Interferer level (dBm)

-37.0

-31.9

-27.0

-18.4

Interferer level (C/I dB)

-30.0

-35.1

-40.0

-48.6

Interferer Read value

Bluetooth LE 5.0 limit (C/I dB)

-17

15

15

-17

Margin (dB)

13.0

50.1

55.0

31.6
Co-channel

ch2

ch2

2406

2406

N-6 MHz N+6 MHz
2400

N

2412

2406

Interferer Read value

-13.7

-11.5

-65.1

Interferer level (dBm)

-18.7

-16.5

-70.1

Interferer level (C/I dB)

-48.3

-50.5

3.1

Bluetooth LE 5.0 limit (C/I dB)

-27

-27

21

Margin (dB)

21.3

23.5

17.9

Figure 39. Adjacent, alternate, and co-channel rejection
30

C/I interferer
Bluetooth LE 5.0 limits
K32W datasheet limits

20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60

2400

2402

2404

2406

2408

2410

(MHz)

2412

Figure 40. Adjacent, alternate, and co-channel rejection at channel 2

Conclusion:• The shape of the curve is due to CW interferer.
• The results are compliant with the QN9090 specification and Bluetooth LE limits.

3.2.5.2 Receiver blocking
The blocking interferers are at the out of band channels depending on the receiver category.

3.2.5.2.1 Receiver category 2
The test is performed with only one interfering signal at a time, for more details see the ETSI 300.328 2.1.1
chapter 4.3.1.12.4.3.
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Test method:• Generator for the desired signal: R&S SMBV100A.
• Generator for interferers: R&S SFU.
• Criterion: PER < 10 % (sensitivity at 10 % PER must be measured before).
• The desired signal is set to Pmin at 10 % PER + 6 dB; the interferer is increased until the PER threshold isreached.
• Channels under test: 0 and 39.
• Test is performed for 1 MB/s first and then for 2 MB/s.
Result for 1 MB/s:
1 MB/ s
ch0

ch0

ch39

ch39

2402

2402

2480

2480

Low

Low

High

High

2380

2503.52380

2503.5Interferer level (dBm)

-22.6

-16.7

-18.4

-19.7

Interferer level (dBc)

67.4

73.3

71.6

70.3

802.15.4 limit (dBm)

-57

-57

-57

-57

Margin (dB)

34.4

40.3

38.6

37.3

ch0

ch0

ch39

ch39

2402

2402

2480

2480

Low

Low

High

High

2300

2583.52300

2583.5Interferer level (dBm)

-18.4

-15.7

-18.1

-15.9

Interferer level (dBc)

71.6

74.3

71.9

74.1

802.15.4 limit (dBm)

-47

-47

-47

-47

Margin (dB)

28.6

31.3

28.9

31.1

1 MB/ sFigure 41. Receiver blocking (out of band) rejection for 1 MB/s (Pmin at 10 % PER + 6 dB = -90.0 dBm)

Result for 2 MB/s:

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2 MB/s
ch0

ch0

ch39

ch39

2402

2402

2480

2480

Low

Low

High

High

2380

2503.52380

2503.5Interferer level (dBm)

-23.0

-16.7

-18.3

-20.4

Interferer level (dBc)

67.0

73.3

71.7

69.6

802.15.4 limit (dBm)

-57

-57

-57

-57

Margin (dB)

34.0

40.3

38.7

36.6

ch0

ch0

ch39

ch39

2402

2402

2480

2480

Low

Low

High

High

2300

2583.52300

2583.5Interferer level (dBm)

-18.4

-15.8

-18.4

-15.9

Interferer level (dBc)

71.6

74.2

71.6

74.1

802.15.4 limit (dBm)

-47

-47

-47

-47

Margin (dB)

28.6

31.2

28.6

31.1

2 MB/sFigure 42. Receiver blocking (out of band) rejection for 2 MB/s (Pmin at 10 % PER + 6 dB = -86.3 dBm)

Conclusion:• There is a good margin to ETSI specification for blockers category 2.

3.2.6 Intermodulation
This test verifies that the receiver intermodulation performance is satisfactory. Two interferers are used in
combination with the desired signal. One interferer is a sinusoid non-modulated signal and the second interferer
is a modulated signal with PRSB15 data.
Test method:• Generator for the desired signal: R&S SMBV100A.
• Generator for the first interferer (CW): Agilent E4438.
• Generator for the second interferer (PRBS15): R&S SFU.
• Criterion: PER < 30.8 % with 1500 packets.
• The desired signal is set to -64 dBm.
• Channels under test: 0, 19 and 39.
Results for 1 MB/s:

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ch0

ch0

ch0

ch0

ch0

ch0

2402

2402

2402

2402

2402

2402
Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Interferer 1 (CW) (MHz)

-5

-4

-3

3

4

5

Interferer 2 (Mod) (MHz)

-10

-8

-6

6

8

10

Interferer level (dBm)

-29.7

-28.7

-29.0

-22.3

-26.9

-28.9

Interferer level (dBc)

34.3

35.3

35.0

41.7

37.1

35.1

Data sheet limit (dBm)

-30

-29

-27

-27

-29

-30

Margin (dB)

9.5

9.5

7.2

13.9

11.3

10.3

ch19

ch19

ch19

ch19

ch19

ch19

2440

2440

2440

2440

2440

2440

Mid

Mid

Mid

Mid

Mid

Mid

Interferer 1 (CW) (MHz)

-5

-4

-3

3

4

5

Interferer 2 (Mod) (MHz)

-10

-8

-6

6

8

10

Interferer level (dBm)

-30.0

-29.0

-29.3

-22.4

-27.2

-29.0

Interferer level (dBc)

34.0

35.0

34.7

41.6

36.8

35.0

Data sheet limit (dBm)

-30

-29

-27

-27

-29

-30

Margin (dB)

9.2

9.2

6.9

13.8

11.0

10.2

ch39

ch39

ch39

ch39

ch39

ch39

2480

2480

2480

2480

2480

2480

High

High

High

High

High

High

Interferer 1 (CW) (MHz)

-5

-4

-3

3

4

5

Interferer 2 (Mod) (MHz)

-10

-8

-6

6

8

10

Interferer level (dBm)

-29.7

-28.7

-29.0

-22.2

-27.8

-28.8

Interferer level (dBc)

34.3

35.3

35.0

41.8

36.2

35.2

Data sheet limit (dBm)

-30

-29

-27

-27

-29

-30

Margin (dB)

9.5

9.5

7.2

14.0

10.4

10.4

Figure 43. Intermodulation results for 1 MB/s

Results for 2 MB/s:

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ch0

ch0

ch0

ch0

ch0

ch0

2402

2402

2402

2402

2402

2402

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Interferer 1 (CW) (MHz)

-10

-8

-6

6

8

10

Interferer 2 (Mod) (MHz)

-20

-16

-12

12

16

20

Interferer level (dBm)

-29.2

-31.3

-31.2

-30.7

-30.7

-30.2

Interferer level (dBc)

34.8

32.7

32.8

33.3

33.3

33.8

Data sheet limit (dBm)

-30.5

-32.5

-32

-32

-32.5

-30.5

Margin (dB)

10.5

10.4

10.0

10.5

11.0

9.5

ch19

ch19

ch19

ch19

ch19

ch19

2440

2440

2440

2440

2440

2440

Mid

Mid

Mid

Mid

Mid

Mid

Interferer 1 (CW) (MHz)

-10

-8

-6

6

8

10

Interferer 2 (Mod) (MHz)

-20

-16

-12

12

16

20

Interferer level (dBm)

-29.2

-31.3

-31.4

-30.9

-30.5

-30.3

Interferer level (dBc)

34.8

32.7

32.6

33.1

33.5

33.7

Data sheet limit (dBm)

-30.5

-32.5

-32

-32

-32.5

-30.5

Margin (dB)

10.5

10.4

9.8

10.3

11.2

9.4

ch39

ch39

ch39

ch39

ch39

ch39

2480

2480

2480

2480

2480

2480

High

High

High

High

High

High

Interferer 1 (CW) (MHz)

-10

-8

-6

6

8

10

Interferer 2 (Mod) (MHz)

-20

-16

-12

12

16

20

Interferer level (dBm)

-29.0

-31.0

-31.0

-30.6

-30.5

-29.9

Interferer level (dBc)

35.0

33.0

33.0

33.4

33.5

34.1

Data sheet limit (dBm)

-30.5

-32.5

-32

-32

-32.5

-30.5

Margin (dB)

10.7

10.7

10.2

10.6

11.2

9.8

Figure 44. Intermodulation results for 2 MB/s

Conclusion:• The results are compliant with the specified values from data sheet.

3.3 Return loss
Measurements are done using the SMA connector.

3.3.1 RXIn the RX mode, the return loss measurement is performed by setting the LNA gain of QN9090 to the maximum.
Hardware: DK6 board

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Figure 45. S11 diagram (RX mode)

Results:• Return loss: -15.0 dB (2.4 GHz) < S11 < -13.3 dB (2.48 GHz)
Note: There is no specification for the return loss.
Conclusion:• The return loss (S11) is lower than -10 dB.

3.3.2 TX
In the TX mode, the return loss measurement is performed by setting the QN9090 RF output power to theminimum.
Hardware: DK6 board

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Figure 46. S11 diagram (TX mode)

Results:• Return loss: -8.3 dBm (2.48 GHz) < S11 < -7.6 dB (2.4 GHz)
Note: There is no specification for the return loss.
Conclusion:• The return loss (S11) is lower than -7 dB.

3.4 Conclusion
The preliminary results are compliant with the specification and Bluetooth LE standard.

4 Configuring the QN9090 with the certi_tool softwareThis section explains how to configure the QN9090 with the certi_tool software mentioned in Section 1.2:
1. For tests in Transmit mode:

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Section

K32W_certi_tool selection

Section 3.1.2 Frequency accuracy[1], [5] or [6]Section 3.1.3 Phase noise[1], [5] or [6]Section 3.1.4 TX power (fundamental)[1], [5] or [6], then [q] or [w]Section 3.1.5 TX power in band[1], [2], [t] or [r]Section 3.1.6 TX spurious[1], [2], [t] or [r]Section 3.1.7 Upper band edge
Section 3.1.8 Modulation
characteristics

Certi_tool evaluation software[1], [2], [t] or [r], [q] up to channel 39
On CMW equipment

Section 3.1.9 Carrier frequency offset
and drift

On CMW equipment

2. For tests in Receive mode:
Section

K32W_certi_tool selection

Certi_tool evaluation software

Section 3.2.4 RX Spurious

Section 3.3 RX return loss[2], [2]3. For PER test and interferer test:

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Section

K32W_certi_tool selection

Certi_tool evaluation software

Section 3.2.2 RX sensitivity
Section 3.2.3 Receiver maximum
input level
Section 3.2.5.1 Adjacent and alternate
channels with standard interferers
Section 3.2.5.1 N-3 and N+3 channels
with standard interferers
Section 3.2.5.1 Co-channel[2], [q] or [w], [t] or [r], Space bar

Section 3.2.5.2 Receiver blocking

Received packets are counted during 15 seconds and ratio of packets received to sent packets is
calculated and displayed.
If no packets are received, PER is 100 % as follows:

Figure 47. Example for no received packets

5 References
The references used to supplement this application note are as follows:• ETSI EN 300 328: European telecommunication standard - Radio Equipment and Systems (RES) wideband
data transmission systems, technical characteristics, and test conditions for data transmission equipment
operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, using spread spectrum modulation techniques.
• RF-PHY TS 4.2.0/5.0: Bluetooth Test Specification. This document defines test structures and procedures for
qualification testing of Bluetooth implementations of the Bluetooth Low Energy RF PHY.
• FCC Part 15: Operation to FCC Part 15 is subject to two conditions. First, the device may not cause harmfulinterference and, second, the device must accept any interference received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation. Therefore, there is no guaranteed quality of service when operating a Part 15
device.
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6 Revision history
The Table 1 lists the substantive changes done to this document since the initial release.
Table 15. Revision history
Revision number

Date

0

30 October 2020

Initial release1

20 March 2023

• Added metadata to this document• Image updates• Multiple editorial changes• Multiple images and graphs are
updated to SVG format• Revision history section added

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7 Legal information
7.1 Definitions
Draft — A draft status on a document indicates that the content is still
under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may resultin modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included in a draft version of a document and shall have noliability for the consequences of use of such information.

Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a priorauthorization from competent authorities.

7.2 Disclaimers
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed
to be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give
any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy
or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for theconsequences of use of such information. NXP Semiconductors takes noresponsibility for the content in this document if provided by an information
source outside of NXP Semiconductors.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation lost profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removalor replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not suchdamages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach ofcontract or any other legal theory.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability
towards customer for the products described herein shall be limited inaccordance with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP
Semiconductors.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right tomake changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical orsafety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. NXP Semiconductors and its suppliers accept no liability forinclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment orapplications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own
risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of theseproducts are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes norepresentation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Customers are responsible for the design and operation of theirapplications and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP
Semiconductors accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or
customer product design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine
whether the NXP Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for thecustomer’s applications and products planned, as well as for the planned
application and use of customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should
provide appropriate design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks
associated with their applications and products.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default
in the customer’s applications or products, or the application or use bycustomer’s third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing allnecessary testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications
and the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.

AN12610

Application noteTerms and conditions of commercial sale — NXP Semiconductors
products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial
sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, unless otherwise
agreed in a valid written individual agreement. In case an individual
agreement is concluded only the terms and conditions of the respective
agreement shall apply. NXP Semiconductors hereby expressly objects toapplying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to thepurchase of NXP Semiconductors products by customer.

Suitability for use in non-automotive qualified products — Unless
this data sheet expressly states that this specific NXP Semiconductors
product is automotive qualified, the product is not suitable for automotive
use. It is neither qualified nor tested in accordance with automotive testingor application requirements. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability forinclusion and/or use of non-automotive qualified products in automotive
equipment or applications.
In the event that customer uses the product for design-in and use inautomotive applications to automotive specifications and standards,
customer (a) shall use the product without NXP Semiconductors’ warrantyof the product for such automotive applications, use and specifications, and(b) whenever customer uses the product for automotive applications beyond
NXP Semiconductors’ specifications such use shall be solely at customer’s
own risk, and (c) customer fully indemnifies NXP Semiconductors for any
liability, damages or failed product claims resulting from customer design anduse of the product for automotive applications beyond NXP Semiconductors’
standard warranty and NXP Semiconductors’ product specifications.
Translations — A non-English (translated) version of a document, including
the legal information in that document, is for reference only. The English
version shall prevail in case of any discrepancy between the translated andEnglish versions.
Security — Customer understands that all NXP products may be subject tounidentified vulnerabilities or may support established security standards or
specifications with known limitations. Customer is responsible for the designand operation of its applications and products throughout their lifecycles
to reduce the effect of these vulnerabilities on customer’s applications
and products. Customer’s responsibility also extends to other open and/or
proprietary technologies supported by NXP products for use in customer’s
applications. NXP accepts no liability for any vulnerability. Customer should
regularly check security updates from NXP and follow up appropriately.
Customer shall select products with security features that best meet rules,
regulations, and standards of the intended application and make theultimate design decisions regarding its products and is solely responsible
for compliance with all legal, regulatory, and security related requirements
concerning its products, regardless of any information or support that may beprovided by NXP.
NXP has a Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) (reachable
at PSIRT@nxp.com) that manages the investigation, reporting, and solution
release to security vulnerabilities of NXP products.

7.3 Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names, andtrademarks are the property of their respective owners.
NXP — wordmark and logo are trademarks of NXP B.V.
Bluetooth — the Bluetooth wordmark and logos are registered trademarks
owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by NXP
Semiconductors is under license.

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Contents
1
Introduction ......................................................... 2
1.1
List of tests ........................................................ 2
1.2
Software .............................................................2
1.3
List of equipment ............................................... 3
2
Test summary ...................................................... 3
3
Conducted tests .................................................. 5
3.1
TX tests ............................................................. 5
3.1.1
Test setup .......................................................... 5
3.1.2
Frequency accuracy .......................................... 6
3.1.3
Phase noise .......................................................7
3.1.4
TX power (fundamental) .................................... 8
3.1.5
TX power in band ..............................................93.1.6
TX spurious ..................................................... 13
3.1.6.1
30 MHz to 12.5 GHz ....................................... 13
3.1.6.2
H2 (ETSI test conditions, peakmeasurement) ..................................................14
3.1.6.3
H3 (ETSI test conditions, peakmeasurement) ..................................................15
3.1.6.4
H4 (ETSI test conditions, peakmeasurement) ..................................................16
3.1.6.5
H5 (ETSI test conditions, peakmeasurement) ..................................................16
3.1.6.6
H2 (FCC test conditions, averagemeasurements) ................................................ 17
3.1.6.7
H3 (FCC test conditions, averagemeasurements) ................................................ 18
3.1.6.8
H4 (FCC test conditions, averagemeasurements) ................................................ 18
3.1.6.9
H5 (FCC test conditions, averagemeasurements) ................................................ 19
3.1.7
Upper band edge .............................................19
3.1.8
Modulation characteristics ............................... 21
3.1.9
Carrier frequency offset and drift ..................... 22
3.2
RX tests ........................................................... 22
3.2.1
Test setup ........................................................ 23
3.2.2
Sensitivity .........................................................24
3.2.2.1
With the ARB generator .................................. 24
3.2.3
Receiver maximum input level .........................26
3.2.4
RX spurious ..................................................... 27
3.2.5
Receiver interference rejection
performances ................................................... 27
3.2.5.1
Adjacent, alternate, and co-channel
rejection ........................................................... 27
3.2.5.2
Receiver blocking ............................................ 29
3.2.6
Intermodulation ................................................ 31
3.3
Return loss ...................................................... 33
3.3.1
RX .................................................................... 33
3.3.2
TX .................................................................... 34
3.4
Conclusion ....................................................... 35
4
Configuring the QN9090 with the certi_tool
software ..............................................................35
5
References ......................................................... 37
6
Revision history ................................................ 38

7

Legal information .............................................. 39

Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)described herein, have been included in section 'Legal information'.

© 2023 NXP B.V.

All rights reserved.

For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
Date of release: 20 March 2023
Document identifier: AN12610