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Paul J. McNulty, “Labor Problems and Labor
Economics: The Roots of an Academic Discipline,” Labor History, Vol. 9, No.2, Spring 1968,
pp. 243-246.

McNulty, “Labor Problems,” pp. 249 - 252;
Philip Taft, “A Rereading of Selig Perlman's ‘A
Theory of the Labor Movement’,” Industrial andLabor Relations Review,Vol.4, No.1, October
1950, p. 70; Mark Perlman, Labor Union
Theories in America:Background and Development, Evanston, Ill., 1958; Westport, Conn.,
1976 reprint, p.55; Richard T. Ely, The Labor
Movement in America, New York, 1886.

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McNulty, “Labor Problems,” pp. 246, 249-254.

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Gary M.Fink,ed., Biographical Dictionary ofAmerican Labor, Westport, Conn., 1984,
pp.161-162; Chester A. Morgan, Labor Economics, Homewood, Ill., 1962, pp. 329-331;
Maurice Isserman, “ ‘God Bless Our American
Institutions’: The Labor History of John R.
Commons,” Labor History, Vol. 17, No.3,
Summer 1976, pp. 309-310, 314; McNulty,“Labor Problems,” pp. 255-256; John R.
Commons, Myself, New York, 1934, pp. 7-22,
61, 81-84.

F.Gerald Ham, “Labor Manuscripts in theState Historical Society of Wisconsin,” LaborHistory, Vol.7, No.3, Fall 1966, pp. 313-316;
Philip Taft, “Rereading,” p.71; Isserman, “God
Bless,” p. 321.
John R.Commons et al., eds., A Documentary
History of American Industrial Society, 11 vols.,
Cleveland, 1910-11.
John R. Commons et al., History of Labour inthe United States, 4 vols., New York, 1918-35.

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Isserman, “God Bless,” p. 310.

Commons, “Introduction,” History of Labour in
the United States, Vol., New York, 1918, pp.
4-5.

John R. Commons, “American Shoemakers,
1648-1895: A Sketch of Industrial Evolution,”
Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 24,
November 1909.

-46-

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Isserman, “God Bless,” p. 323-325; Taft,“Rereading,” pp. 71- 72; Philip Taft,” A Theory of
the American Labor Movement,” in Gerald D.
Nash, ed., Issues in American Economic History,

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Lexington, Mass., 1964, p. 396.
History of Labour in the United States, Vol.&#  ! & Selig Perlman  ÿ ĭ  Ľ Part “Upheaval and Reorganization,” pp. 195-537;
John R. Commons, “Karl Marx and SamuelGompers,” Political Sicence Quarterly, Vol. 41,
1926, pp. 281-86; Taft, “Rereading,” p. 72;
Thomas A. Krueger, “American Labor Historiography, Old and New,” Journal of Social History,
Vol. 4, No. 3, Spring 1971, pp. 277-278.
Selig Perlman, A Theory of the Labor Movement, New York, 1928.ĻÕleĬĖxĥ&éę àÉ¢¥~æ¬Ľ1954 ®ļMorgan, “Labor Problems,” p. 333-334; Fink,
ed., Biographical Dictionary, p. 458; Robert H.
Zieger, “Workers and Scholars: Recent Trends in
American Labor Historiography,” Labor History,
Vol. 13, No.2, Spring 1972, p. 249; Mark
Perlman, “Labor Movement Theories: Past,
Present, and Future,” Industrial and Labor
Relations Review, Vol. 13, No.3, April 1960, pp.
342-346.

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

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/1 & $(§é)ý(čø$üĴ£~ĖwđĕĴĊÈ ēĢĴÛĤú&%7×" ēË7¿ĴMorgan, Labor Economics, pp. 333 - 335;
Charles A.Gulick and Melvin K. Bers, “Insightand Illusion in Prelman's Theory of the Labor
Movement,” Industrial and Labor Relations
Reviews, Vol. 6, No.4, July 1953, pp. 510-531;
Adolph Sturmthal, “Comments on Selig
Perlman's A Theory of the Labor Movement,”Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Vol. 4,
No.4, July 1951, pp. 483-491; Philip Taft, “A
Rereading,” pp. 70-77; Philip Taft, “A Theory of
the American Labor Movement,” pp. 395-400.

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Thomas Krueger, “American Labor Historiography,” p. 277.

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

Walter Galenson, “Reflections on the Writingof Labor History,” Industrial and Labor Relations
Review, Vol. 11, No. 1, October 1957, p. 86;
Vaughn Davis Bornet, “The New Labor History :A Challenge for American Historians,” The
Historian, Vol. 18, No.1, Autumn 1955, p. 14;
Gerald N. Grob, Workers and Utopia, Evanston,Ill., 1961, pp. 200-202; Taft, “Rereading,” p. 73.
Robert Hoxie, Trade Unionism in the UnitedStates, New York, 1917.
Morgan, Labor Economics, pp. 326-328;
McNulty, “Labor Problems,” pp. 254-255; Taft,“Rereading,” p. 73; Mark Perlman, Labor Union
Theories, pp. 128-138.
Morgan, Labor Economics, pp. 335-336;

5\c<Øwpáü'ø#!Â×%r 4÷)zÑ"1ºÌ"1*C9

Carlton Parker, The Casual Laborer and Other
Essays, New York, 1920.

Edward Aveling and Eleanor Marx Aveling,
The Working-Class Movement in America, 2d ed.,London, 1891; Friedrich Sorge, A History of theWorking Class from Colonial Times to 1890, ed.
by P. S. Foner and B. Chamberlain, Westport,
Conn., 1977; Hermann Schleuter, The Brewing
Industry and the Brewery Workers' Movement in
America, Cincinnati, 1910; Schleuter, Lincoln,
Labor and Slavery, New York, 1913.

-49-

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mú"Ę¢3¦ďıxmú3z·è!ó÷- xmĬ"' 

Morris Hillquit, History of Socialism in the
United States, New York, 1908; James Oneal,
The Workers in American History, St. Louis,
1910; Algie M. Simons, Social Forces in American
History, 1911; Nathan Fine, Farmer and Labor
Parties in the United States, 1828-1928, New
York, 1928; Anthony Bimba, The History of theAmerican Working Class, New York, 1928; Paul
Buhle, “American Marxist Historiography,
1900-1940,” Radical America, Vol. 4, No. 8-9,
November 1970, pp. 5-35; Zieger, “Workers andScholars,” pp. 248-249.

-50-

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Morgan, Labor Economics, pp.331-333; David
Montgomery, “Conventional Wisdom,” LaborHistory, Vol. 13, No.1, Winter 1972, pp.
128-129; Mark Perlman, Labor Union Theories,
pp. 138-142; Frank Tannenbaum, The Labor
Movement, New York, 1921.

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čö¼ wā+AF[0ĎJf@
42WDd0Y_8ö¼ + wÖøMark Perlman, Labor Union Theories, pp. 107-110; Taft, “Rereading,” p. 73; Norman Ware,The Industrial Worker, 1840-1860: The Reactionof American Industrial Society to the Advance of
the Industrial Revolution, Boston, 1924; Norman
Ware, The Labor Movement in the United States,
1860-1895, New York, 1929.
Louis Filler, “Introduction” to Bernard Mandel,
Samuel Gompers: A Biography, Yellow Spring, O,
1963, p. xiii; Edward Levinson, Labor on the
March, New York, 1938; Herbert Harris,
American Labor, New Haven, Conn., 1938;
Benjamin Stolberg, The Story of the CIO, New
York, 1938; J. R. Walsh, CIO: Industrial
Unionism in Action, New York, 1937; Robert R. R.
Brooks, When Labor Organizes, New Haven,
1937.


ċ1945Č
č=X wÛ Ob`Kf
ĘfbPgH=X wÛċ1944Č å,28)

 

Samuel Yellen, American Labor Struggles,
1877-1934, New York, 1936; Bruce Minton andJohn Stuart, Men Who Lead Labor, New York,
1937.
 
McAlister Coleman, Men and Coal, New York,
1943; Robert R. R. Brooks, As Steel Goes, New
Haven, 1937; Herbert J. Lahne, The Cotton Mill
Worker, New York, 1944; Benjamin Stolberg,
Tailor's Progress, Garden City, N. Y., 1944; Joel
Seidman, The Needle Trades, New York, 1942;
Vernon H. Jensen, Lumber and Labor, New York,-51-

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-±wÚå!,) ë¹-øĐ/yČĆ+°Á ¤ *Đy×Ø«[b7yú Âï-"Õ +ðã,Đçą sÁ' pĐđēĖ| ÏÁhæèkÝlyÝ(ĈÐ,+(ä Ù-¬?3iZAhėh\b@đyČ Ā ë¹'öµ ÎēĖ|ý ­mĎ1958ďĐđēĖ+ĒÏ,+(ĕė ®ª-¬25cEih9]dfDf

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Đ1950 ¢

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Ď1956ď
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Đċ-ô·e1Lh/cXf{y1945; Stuart Jamieson, Labor Unionism inAmerican Agriculture, Washington, D. C., 1945;
Harold S. Roberts, The Rubber Workers, New
York, 1944.
 
Galenson, “Reflections,” pp. 87 - 91; Leo
Wolman, Ebb and Flow in Trade Unions, New
York, 1936; Lewis L. Lorwin, The American
Federation of Labor: History, Policies, andProspect, Washington, D. C., 1933; Harry A.
Millis and Royal Montgomery, The Economics ofLabor, 3 vols, New York, 1938-45; Sumner H.
Slichter, Union Policies and Industrial Management, Washington, D. C., 1941.

N_iJ0icyú Ćù!YÝ ċ
Ď1955ď ËÕ),+

-52-



Robert Christie, Empire in Wood, Ithaca, N. Y.,
1956; Vernon H. Jensen, Heritage of Conflict,
Ithaca, 1956; Morton S. Baratz, The Union and
the Coal Industry, New Haven, 1955; Jack
Barbash, Unions and Telephones, New York,
1948; Joseph Goldberg, American Seamen,
Cambridge, Mass., 1957; Galenson, “ Reflections,” pp. 88-89; Morgan, Labor Economics, pp.
337.

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Foster Rhea Dulles, Labor in America, New
York, 1949; Joseph Rayback, A History ofAmerican Labor, New York, 1959; Henry Pelling,
American Labor, Chicago, 1960; James O.
Morris, Conflict within the AFL, Ithaca, N. Y.,
1958; Walter Galenson, The CIO Challenge to the
AFL, Cambridge, Mass., 1960; Joel Seidman,
American Labor from Defense to Reconversion,
Chicago, 1953; Arthur J. Goldberg, AFL-CIO:
Labor United, New York, 1956ĞÅpjĒgêÑĒā }ď' ü"îiAFL-CIO '°åâĠ1965 ©ğ; Lloyd Ulman, The Rise of
the National Trade Union, Cambridge, Mass.,
1955; Milton Derber and Edwin Young, eds.,
Labor and the New Deal, Madison, 1957ĞÏÝÌôsāÙu5[a<}ď¼}Ď{âĠ
1964 ©ğ.
Jonathan Grossman, William Sylvis, New York,
1945; Saul D. Alinsky, John L. Lewis, New York,
1949; Matthew Josephson, Sidney Hillman :ÓÇß! 2"m«234)

Statesman of American Labor, Garden City, N. Y.,
1952Ğ×ēęiāBPRhgVbYe5[a<}ď'ĜóĢR^hN6hb4 Þæi¿ÆĠ2002 ©ğ; Charles A. Madison,
American Labor Leaders, New York, 1950; Irving
Howe and B. J. Widick, The UAW and Walter
Reuther, New York, 1949.
Jack Barbash, The Practice of Unionism, New
York, 1956; C. R. Daugherty, Labor Problems in
American Industry, Washington, 1944; Richard
A. Lester, As Unions Mature, Princeton, 1958;
Mark Perlman, Labor Union Theories in America,
Evanston, Ill., 1958.

Christopher L. Tomlins, “New Directions in
American labor History,” Labour History: A
Journal of Labour and Social History, No.43,
November 1982, pp. 90-103; Morgan, Labor-53-

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1968 £(»   «ý}pïÔ#ÀØ# Ĝā!#$ęĉ*.}pî#îôá

Economics, pp. 336-337.
George W. Brooks, “The Relevance of LaborHistory to Industrial Relations,” Industrial
Relations Research Association Publications, 28,
Madiosn, 1962, p. 211. C.L.Tomlins, “NewDirections,” p. 90 "¦Ü(}p" .P
53D:Ć" $įI\J\F[8DFQZı[ĵ[FR@ZdĭĐþ¨[ĝÅėÁóĉĮ
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Ĩ

-54-

Philip Taft, The Structure and Government ofLabor Unions, Cambridge, Mass., 1954.ĭÐv]ß[Ýĉ}pî#îôá¿ađmæį1956 £Į Philip Taft, The A. F. of L. in the Time of
Gompers, New York, 1957; Taft, The A. F. of L.
from the Death of Gompers to the Merger, New
York, 1959.
 
David Brody, “Philip Taft: Labor Scholar,”Labor History, Vol. 19, No. 1, Winter 1978, pp.
9-12; “Philip Taft, Member of the Faculty at
Brown University,” Labor History, Vol. 19, No.1,
Winter 1978, pp. 31-33; Penelope H. Thonberg,“Philip Taft, the Teacher,” Labor History, Vol. 19,
No. 1, Winter 1978, p. 28.

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Taft, “Reflections on Selig Perlman,” Industrial
and Labor Relations Review, Vol. 29, January
1976, pp. 250, 256; Taft, “On the Origins ofBusiness Unionism,” Industrial and Labor
Relations Review, Vol. 17, No. 1, October 1963,
pp. 20-38.
 Philip Taft, Organized Labor in American

History, New York, 1964.
 
Taft, “The IWW in the Grain Belt,” LaborHistory, Vol. 1, No. 1, Winter 1960; Taft, “TheFederal Trials of the IWW,” Labor History, Vol. 3,
No. 1, Winter 1962; Taft, “The Bisbee
Deportation,” Labor History, Vol. 13, No. 1,
Winter 1972.

“Portrait of the Labor Historian as Boy andYoung Man: Excerpts from the Interviews ofPhilip Taft by Margot Honig,” Labor History, Vol.
19, No. 1, Winter 1978, pp. 39-71; David Brody,“Philip Taft: Labor Scholar,” Labor History, Vol.
19, No. 1, pp. 9-22; Penelope H. Thonberg,“Philip Taft, The Teacher,” Labor History, Vol. 19,-55-

6X\<%1Àw¢'ÐĩĜÉĪwû'·Ĉ5Ĕ%īıĸĸ'Õ¦"(ěć! 1´'êî(wûåà¥4ÈÃ(wû'Ð%Ġ¤2$

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No. 1, pp. 24-30; “Philip Taft, Member of theFaculty at Brown Unversity,” Labor History, Vol.
19, No. 1, pp. 31-33.
Fink, ed., Bibliographical Dictionary, pp. 52652 ĭ David A. Shannon, Socialist Party ofAmerica : A History, New York, 1955, p. 210.

-56-



Harold U. Faulkner and Mark Starr, Labor in
America, New York, 1944ĩwé»¨çu ñwĘ¼í gw¢äąī1948 °Ī;Faulkner, American Economic History, New York,
1924, 1931, 1935, 1938, 1943, 1949, 1954ĩ§½Č 6X\<õÖ þďī1968 °Ī; Leo
Huberman, We, the People, 1947ĩ§ËÿÎbģ©
¸ÎČ 6X\<kÒ'Ð ªÔ¾Ãīefī1954°Ī; Alein Austin, The Labor Storyĩģ©¸ÎČ 6X\<wĘ'Ï+ efīĤÇÃ±ī1954 °Ī;
R. O. Boyer and H.M. Morais, Labor's Untold
Story, New York, 1955ĩģ©¸ÎČ 6X\<wĘ'Ð efīªÔÃ±ī1959 °Ī; William Z.
Foster, History of the Communist Party of theUnited States, New York, 1952.ĩāđdbĝÇÎ
mČ 6X\<Ąyâx efīÄÃ±ī
1954 °ĪPhilip S. Foner, History of the Labor Movementin the United States, 10 vols., New York, 1947-92.
'®~'ħ"{ą°(of'"! 1Vol.:“From Colonial Times to the Founding of theAmerican Federation of Labor,” 1947; Vol.:“From the Founding of the AFL to theEmergence of American Imperialism,” 1956; Vol.
 : “The Policies and Practices of the AFL,
1900-1909,” 1964; Vol.  : “The Industrial

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Sg=fIÜÙ*m%¹-Ő1941 Å)­48)1877 Å*ĽĹ°IPa>C)"$*9Ï*­ĭÞ)«#$ û81877 Å*°Ħı Ŏ1979ŏ
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1941 Å)İÿ6*ýü)(6Őġ9±!àä*kĻĤ*XdfhEai9Õ! Xd85Í*ĤŅµ0!*%747)

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ZcDI 1883 Å)òtà*Ň9Õ!
Workers of the World, 1905-1917,” 1966; Vol.:“The AFL in the Progressive Era, 1910-1915,”
1980; Vol.  : “On the Eve of American
Entrance into World War l,” 1982; Vol.  :“Labor and World War l, 1914-1918,” 1987; Vol.
: “Post-War Struggles, 1918-1920,” 1988; Vol.
: “The TUEL to the End of the Gompers Era,”
1991; Vol.: “The TUEL, 1925-1929,” 1992.

P. S. Foner, History of the Labor Movement in
the United States, Vol. 1, New York, 1947, p.11.
Philip S. Foner, Business and Slavery,
Chapel Hill, 1941; Melvyn Dubofsky, “Give Us
That Old Time Labor History: Philip S. Foner
and the American Worker,” Labor History, Vol.
26, No. 1, Winter 1984, pp. 118-119; Krueger,Ő BichZcDIò:à Ŏ1973ŏ
<\bBl*Į®ņĸ~× ħ¦Ā
ď¾ī*ĔčćęÖ9Ĝń Ó5w*uó
Ŏ1976ŏ
ŐeG<ņ¢*ÌŇ9ĭ YcG
@g=Cņ¢ Ŏ1967ŏ('î ) $ ³Ñ&<\bBĸ 2 ÃŎ1979-80ŏ
Ő“American Labor Historiography,” p. 281.

Sally Miller, “ Philip Foner and Integrating
Women into Labor History and AfricanAmerican History,” Labor History, Vol. 33, No. 4,-57-

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ÕÛ$ĳ#%ÓĜçĪ±6ķãÙą#
Fall 1992, pp. 456-469.
Philip S. Foner, The Great Uprising of 1877,
1979; Foner, American Labor Songs of the
Nineteenth Century, 1975; Foner, The Case of
Joe Hill, 1965; Foner, Fellow Workers andFriends, 1981; Foner, Helen Keller: Her Socialist
Years, 1967; Foner, When Karl Marx Died :Comments in 1883, 1973; Foner, We the Other
People, 1976;Foner, The Bolshevik Revolution,
1967; Foner, Women and the American Labor
Movement, 2 vols, 1979-80; Foner and Ronald L.
Lewis, eds., The Black Worker : A Documentary
History from Colonial Times to the Present, 8 vols.,
1978-1984.

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Melvyn Dubofsky, “Give Us,” pp. 118-137.



Ira Berlin, “Introduction: Herbert Gutman and
the American Working Class,” in Ira Berlin, ed.,Herbert G. Gutamn, Power and Culture: Essays
on the Aemrican Working Class, New York, 1987,
p. 10; Galenson, “Reflections,” p.91.
Bornet, “The New Labor History,” pp. 19-20.

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Mary R. Beard, A Short History of the American Labor Movement, New York, 1929.
 
James R. Wason, “American Workers andAmerican Studies,” American Studies International, Winter 1974, pp. 15-16; Abbott E.
Smith, Colonists in Bondage, Chapel Hill,
1947;Carl Bridenbaugh, The Colonial Craftsmen,
New York, 1950; Marcus Jernegan, Laboringand Dependent Classes in Colonial America, New
York, 1931; Richard B. Morris, Government andLabor in Early America, New York, 1946.

-60-



Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. The Age of Jackson,
Boston, 1945; Walter Hugins, Jacksonian
Democracy  and the Working Class, Stanford,
Cal., 1960; William A.Sullivan, Industrial Worker
in Pennsylvania, 1800-1840, Harrisbureg, Pa.,
1955; Richard B. Morris, “Andrew Jackson,
Strikebreaker,” American Historical Review, Vol.
55, No.2, October 1949; Richard Hofstadter, The
American Political Tradition and the Men Who
Made It ķ1948ĸķõ¹yêpëØrę9ck?
$ÕêûĊ$ÅÉďs tĹ½ìÚÁĹ
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ċķ¢ÈĂ´·9ck?ĀăÊęĸ
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A. E. Bestor, Jr., Backwood Utopia, Philadelphia, 1950; Helene S. Zahler, Eastern
Workingmen and National Land Policy,
1829-1862, New York, 1941; Henry David, The
History of the Haymarket Affair, New York,
1936; Ray Ginger, Altgeld's America, New York,
1958; Ray Ginger, The Bending Cross: A
Biography of Eugene Debs, New Brunswick, N.
J., 1949; Howard H. Quint, The Forging ofAmerican Socialism, Columibia, S. C.,1 953; Ira
Kipnis, The American Socialist Movement,
1871-1912, New York, 1952; David A. Shannon,
The Socialist Party of America: A History, New
York, 1955; Donald Egbert and Stowe Persons,eds., Socialism and American Life, 2 vols.,
Princeton, N. J., 1952; Daniel Bell, “TheBackground and Development of MarxianSocialism in the United States,” Socialism; Bell,
Marxian Socialism in the United States, Princeton,1967.

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N n_j FF`+(ÈÄÿ" 1930 ¹z'µŏ1948Ő)Đ¡ºļ6Ñā 'èőĖ'Ķy ñ ®Ę(Ł#ő^j@Eu!"½ ĉ{āÊį6/ ĮĐ¡/ő

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ŏ1959Ő' Þ í Ę "_jF(q)2'ō," 1960 ¹9?iE(ÞµĖņī'±25PeokVN+(ÏĎŏ1960Ő
'"ő¿)ĀĺĲåuĕĉ{(Ęńďñ (åĳā6ìÌ4$Ã$)³ß£'ñ )ķģ" 4$ĭRichard Hofstadter, The Age of Reform, New
York, 1955ŏÝġĄnöóĆvxĩ 7ai>üz
Úŉ(âz-äÎő1967 ¹ŐŒJonathan
M. Wiener, “Radical Historians and the Crisis in
American History, 1959-1980,” Journal of
American History, Vol. 76, No.2, September
1989, pp.402-403; William L. Neumann,“Historians in an Age of Acquiescence,” Dissent,
vol. 4, No.1, Winter 1957, pp. 64-69; Oscar
Handlin, The Uprooted, Boston, 1951.

-62-



Maurice F. Neufeld, “The Historical Relationship of Liberals and Intellectuals to OrganizedLabor in the United States,” The Annals of theAmerican Academy of Political and Social Science,
No. 350, November 1963, pp. 115-127; Robert
Zieger, “Workers and Scholars,” p. 246; Penn
Kemble, “Rediscovering American Labor,”
Commentary, April 1971, pp. 45-46.

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Paul Buhle, “Marxism in th United States,” inBert Grahl and Paul Piccone, eds. Towards a
New Marxism, St. Louis, 1971, p. 208; C. WrightMills, The New Men of Power, New York, 1948ç¢ZÙ¤¶`È qÀrj»x×Ëß é1975 èêMills, The Power Elite, New
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