Experience and lessons learnt fromGreen Coast project (Tsunami 2004
response in Indonesia) and Eco-DRR
program
Iwan Tri Cahyo Wibisono
Program coordinator
Wetlands Conservation and Restoration

28 November 2017

Tsunami 2004 in Indonesia
Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province and Nias Island•••••••More than 130.000 people dead and 37.000 remain
missing.
The survivors lost almost everything: family,
houses and livelihoods.
Approximately 4,717 coastal fishing boats lost,
20.000 ha fish ponds were destroyed or out ofaction
60,000 farmers were displaced
Over 60,000 ha agricultural land damaged
100,000 small business persons have lost theirlivelihoods.
Furthermore, the environment is profoundlyaltered. (A joint report of the BRR and International Partners,December2005: ACEH AND NIAS ONE YEAR AFTER THE TSUNAMI; The
Recovery Effort and Way Forward)

26 December 2004, 07:58 WIB
9.1 richter scale
10 m wave heightGC INDONESIA
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02

07

08

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Scientific Assessment

to guide Sustainable Coastal Recovery
Lhok Bubon

Cot Rambong❖ wetlands ecology❖ vegetation and the potential forrehabilitation❖ soil and agricultural development❖ fisheries❖ biodiversity❖ social economic development

OnolimbuLabuhan Bakti

LahewaKey recommendations from assessment• The need to support communities to revive their livelihood>>>Project identified potential/prospective economic activities• The need to rehabilitate environment damaged bu Tsunami(Mangrove, beach forest, Coral reef)>>>Project identified potential areas for rehabilitation• Advocacy and policy intervention for green belt establishment
and DRR strategy
Green belt
Natural Protection System
Build back better
With Biorights

Economic improvement
Community will have capacity to prepare,
adapt, response

Bio-rights

Linking environment

rehabilitation/conservation
with livelihood improvement
through conditional micro credit

73

Implementation (2005-2008)
2005–2007

54

communities based coastal andlivelihood rehabilitation

communities based coastal andlivelihood rehabilitation

2007–200819communities based coastal andlivelihood rehabilitation

Rehabilitation of the tsunami affected Area through environmental awarenessand Community development at Kajhu Village Sub District of Baitussalam Districtof Aceh Besar
Local partner : Yayasan Ekosistem Lahan Basah (LEBAH)>>Restoration activities:>>Livelihood activity:

Planting Mangrove: 30.000 seedling

Boat procurement to support
fishing activity

Planting Coastal veg: 7500 seedlings

1.5 Years after planting@ 3D view Powered by SLIM - ICRAF

Aplot= 0.1 Ha
N = 136

C stock =11 .2 tC/Ha

GHG removal=
41.1 tCO2-e/Ha
Casuarina equisetifolia

Cocos nucifera

Cerbera manghas

Hibiscus tiliacues

Terminalia cattapa

Azedirachta indica

Pandanus tectorius

Pterospermum

Location: Kahju village
N 5 36.398 dan E 95 22. 320.

Plot size : 20 m x 50 m

Within 1.5 yrs
C pool: AGB, BGB

SIlvofishery Practices in abandoned Ponds
Lam Ujung Village, Aceh Besar District
Coastal rehabilitation:
10,000 mangrove seedling have been plantedon the area of 15 ha (abandoned shrimp pond)
Economic activities:
Crabs farming, chicken husbandry

Local partner:
Kelompok Masyarakat Dusun Junglong Desa Lam
Ujung Kecamatan Baitusasalam

SABANG Island

ACC foundation
Protecting coral reef by Mooring
buoyReplanting coral reef

PUGAR foundation, Sabang
Protection of coastal area to reduce
further degradation

Mangrove rehabilitation (2005-2008) – RECAP
1,631,400 seedlings
380 Ha6 species
Rhizophora mucronata

706,400

800,000
700,000

Rhizophora apiculata
600,000
345,000

Avicennia marina

500,000

Bruguiera gymnorrhizza

400,000

160,000

300,0004076

014Seedlings
Ha

Survival Rate: 74.23%

Pantai Timur

163

68,000

Pantai Utara

100,000

87Nias200,000

Pantai Barat

Ceriops cengal

352,000

Simeulue

Rhizophora stylosa

Sandy beach coast rehabilitation- RECAP
887,723 seedlings
747 HaSurvival Rate 73.82%
439,700
450,000

22 species

400,000
284,223350,000
300,000250,000

81,300200,000

61,000150,000

22Seedlings
Ha

Pantai Barat

35

Pantai Utara

382

Pantai Timur

21,500

0Simeulue

50,000

248

Nias

60

100,000

1Cauarina equisetifolia

12Eusideroxylon zwageri

2Cocos nucifera

13Ficus spp

3

Terminalia catappa

14

Calophyllum inophylum

4Carbera menghas

15

Areca catechu

5

Azaracta indica

16

Tamarindus indica

6Pandanus tectorius

17

Eugina cumini

7

Hibiscus tiliaceus

18

Bambusa sp

8Arthocarpus heterophyllus

19

Lannea caromondalica

9

Ficus retusa

20

Nephelium lapaceum

10

Heriteria littoralis

21

Mangifera sp11Baringtonia asiatica

22

Theobroma cacao

Livelihood activities

Lessons we learnt………
 Bio-rights is applicable Sustainibility issue post project period There were still technical errors incoastal rehabilitation
 Challenge in marketing for livelihood
program Conflict of interest
 Pest and desease attack
 Community’s preference on silvofishery(planting design)

2013-present

Construction of permeable structures
as sediment traps and basis for
mangrove rehabilitation
Contact PersonFemke Tonneijck Femke.Tonneijck@wetlands.org
Apri Astra sonasthra@gmail.com

Conventional/traditional solutions make it worse

Waves reflect on hard structures, increasing
eroding force
Hard structures prevent mud supply, thus
disturbing the sediment balanceProgress so far• Sediment trapped• Sedimentation rate: 30 – 70 cm/yr• Mangroves started to come in

BIORIGHTS agreement withcommunities reached in
October 2017

Oct 2017

Jan 2015

Oct 2014

Oct 2013

Evacuated villages and land loss due to subsidence and coastal erosion

No evacuation, mangrove forest established in the front line >>functions as natural barrier, productive silvofishery ponds

Thank you very much