1Author Instructions for Environmental Control in Biology

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Environmental Control in Biology, an Open Access, international journal published by theJapanese Society of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Engineers and Scientists, is apeer-reviewed quarterly publication of results of original research on environmental control inbiology, plant growth factories and biotronics or directly related research areas.

789The journal publishes detailed reports of original research results on various aspects of directlyrelated subjects. Subject categories within the publication include:10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031* Environmental Control in Agriculture and Biology* Plant Factory* Bio-Production under Controlled Environment* Nursery-plant Production System* Bioinformatics* Measurement Techniques and System Control* Remote Sensing and Image Recognition* Agricultural Robotics and Mechatronics* Hydroponics and Growth Promotion* Post-harvest Biology and Technology* Green Amenity* Precision Agriculture* Sustainable Agriculture* Dryland Agriculture* Plant Water Relations* Environmental Stress Physiology* Micro-propagation and Plant Tissue Culture* Closed Ecological Life Support System* Plant Breeding and Biogenetics* Modeling & Its Application in Bio-systems* Phyto-remediation Technology etc.

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Manuscript submission
The reviewing process for the manuscript will be completed within 3 months after submission,and the revised manuscript will be published within 3 months after the acceptance. Thus, mostmanuscripts will be published within 6 months after submission. Manuscripts must besubmitted via an online submission system, ScholarOne Manuscripts (S1M), which can13940
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be accessed at https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ecinb. Membership in the Society is not arequirement for publication, but the first author is urged to consider membership. For thepaper to be eligible for one of the Society's publication awards, at least one author of the paper
must be a Society member.

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The managing editor will assign a manuscript number to each new or resubmitted manuscript;
refer to this number in all subsequent correspondence. Upon receipt of a manuscript, themanaging editor will send an acknowledgment letter indicating the date of receipt and themanuscript number.

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Article types
An ordinary paper (Original Paper), a short communication (Short Communication), a review
paper (Review) and a research note (Research Note) can be published in the journal. Original
Papers are full-length articles and should report original research results.
ShortCommunications are short articles, and they should be as completely documented as Original
Papers but not occupy more than 4 printed pages. Reviews are intended for recent trends in a
specific field. Research Notes are published on invitation basis.

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Publication fees
For papers published in ECB, 10,000 yen of a publication fee will be charged per paper
when the first or the corresponding author is a Society member. In another case, when
the first or the corresponding author of the paper is not a Society member, 50,000 yen ofa publication fee will be charged. Authors can publish color photos or figures at their own
expenses (about 30,000yen per page). Reprints can be purchased from the publishingcompany of the journal.

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Prior publication
Any information that is already in the public domain in a scientific context will be consideredpublished and will not be published again by the journal. Submission of a manuscript to thejournal implies no concurrent submission elsewhere. Manuscripts submitted to the journal
should be substantially different from industry-oriented publications and locally publishedprogress or extension reports. The journal expects, but does not require, “first right” forpublication of research reports presented at the annual conferences associated to the journal.

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Copyright
PDF files containing the full text contents of articles will be uploaded to the J-Stage(https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/ecb/). Copy protection in making PDF files for articleshas been abandoned, but Japanese Society of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental
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Engineers and Scientists still retains the copyrights of all items published in Environmental
Control in Biology. Permission to reprint, republish, or reproduce individual contributions orparts of contributions must be obtained from Japan Academic Association for Copyright
Clearance (JAACC). Also the journal requests that credit be given to the journal by indicating
the volume number, pagination, and date of publication.
Japan Academic Association for Copyright Clearance (JAACC)
Nogisaka Bldg. 3F 9-6-41, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107‐0052, Japan
Phone: ＋81‐3‐3475‐5618 Fax: ＋81‐3‐3475‐5619 E-mail: info@jaacc.jp85868788899091
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Review policy and procedure
All manuscripts must be submitted in English. When English is not the primary language,authors are advised to obtain editorial assistance before submitting papers. A manuscript
rejected by another journal must be redone in the journal style to be considered for publication.
Submitted manuscripts that do not conform to the journal standards will be returned to authors
for correction. Manuscripts submitted for publication in the journal are reviewed by an editor
who solicits at least two additional peer reviews. The purpose of the reviews is to assure
readers that the published papers have been found acceptable by competent, independent
professionals. Some revisions are usually necessary after the reviews, and final acceptancegenerally depends on satisfactory revision. An appeal of outright rejection may be made to
the Editor-in-Chief if the author does not agree with the assessment of the editor and reviewers.
Authors are requested to suggest names, affiliations and e-mail addresses of 2 potential
reviewers, although the editor is not bound by these suggestions. A manuscript is considered
withdrawn if the author has not responded within 2 months to a request for revision.

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Procedure after acceptanceAccepted manuscripts must be submitted via the online submission system, ScholarOne
Manuscripts (S1M). After acceptance, authors will receive a memo from the managing editor
instructing them to send an electronic file to the managing editor. Page proofs are sent to thesubmitting author; they must be proofread carefully, corrected if necessary, and returned to thejournal publisher as soon as possible, even if no errors are found. Authors are charged for any
major alterations they make in the page proofs that are not the error of the editors.

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Manuscripts
Manuscripts should be composed in English (AmE) on one side only of A4 sheets, double
spaced, line numbered, and with at least 2.5 cm margins using Microsoft Word. In principle,SI units (International System of Units) should be used throughout the manuscript. Usefuldata not essential to a full understanding of the paper may be submitted for online-only
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publication (supplementary data) on the J-Stage.
Title
The title of the paper should be a precise and concise description of the work performed; itshould be not longer than three typeset lines. Use the most important key words of the paper
to facilitate indexing and information retrieval. Prepare a running title (less than 30characters) for the headline in upper margin.
BylineThe byline includes the name(s) of the author(s), with a concise but complete mailing address
below. Names of authors are given according to the preferences of the author(s)―full names(not initials) are encouraged. The spelling of names of foreign authors is in the native spellingwith diacritical marks (if present). Do not include degree abbreviations or professional titles
as part of the author's name.
Affiliation
The address should be that of the institution (or institutions) where the research was conducted.
Give the name of the city and country in English. The byline address normally includes
departmental affiliation. If the author's address is different from the byline, indicate thecurrent address as a footnote on the title page.
Abstract
The abstract should be a concise, self-explanatory, one-paragraph summation of the findings,
not to exceed 200 words. Abstracts are often published in “extracting journals.” The abstract
should be informative, rather than merely indicating what the study was about (e.g., avoid
phrases such as “the results are discussed”). Do not duplicate the title in the abstract. Include
objectives of the study, the full scientific names (including the name of the authority) oforganisms (unless already in the title), materials used, effects of major treatments, and major
conclusions. Use specific rather than general statements. Also, all measurements of timeshould be spelled out (e.g., days, minutes, hours, etc.). Include only information presented in
the text: The abstract must be consistent with statements in the article.
Keywords
Less than 6 keywords or phrases, not already used in the title, follows the abstract. Thesewords are used in the annual and cumulative indexes and for information storage and retrievalby indexing services.
ArticlesEvery part of the manuscript must be double-spaced, including references, tables, and figurelegends. Each manuscript should have a cover page that includes 1) the title of the manuscript,
2) names of the authors and their affiliations, and 3) corresponding author's name, fax number
and e-mail address. The first page of the manuscript should start with the title, followed by
the abstract (less than 200 words), keywords (less than six in alphabetical order), the text,
acknowledgments, references, tables, and figures. All the pages, including tables and figures,
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should be numbered in the upper right corner. Text should be prepared (except review papers),
as far as possible, under the heading of INTRODUCTION, MATERIALS AND METHODS,RESULTS, DISCUSSION, ACKNOWLEDGMENTS, and REFERENCES. Consult
recent issues of ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN BIOLOGY.
INTRODUCTION
The introduction should answer clearly and concisely the question “why was this research
conducted?” It should include a statement of the problem that justifies doing the research orthe hypothesis on which it is based, the findings of (and reference to) earlier work (if applicable)that will be challenged or developed, and the general approach and objectives.

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MATERIALS and METHODSThe technical and experimental methods must be described so that the work may be replicable.
For materials, give the appropriate technical specifications and quantities and source or methodof preparation. Give enough information to indicate how the research was conducted. Wellknown tests or procedures should be cited but not described in detail. Describe any controls
and the statistical procedures. Method papers should be detailed enough to permit replicationof the work. When specific equipment is mentioned in the text, include the model number
followed by the name and location (model; city, state, country) of the manufacturer inparentheses.
RESULTS and DISCUSSION
Present results succinctly in a format consistent with experimental design, with emphasis on
main effects and significant interactions. The text and tables should discuss the topics in thesame sequence. All figures and tables must be cited in numeric order in the text. Interpret
results in the discussion. Report and discuss only those results that are relevant to the study.
The discussion should compare and explain any differences in the results within the experimentor those contrary to previous studies. Discuss any practical applications of the study and areas
for future research. Speculation is encouraged, but must be firmly founded in observation andsubjected to tests, and identified apart from the discussion and conclusions. Close thediscussion with a brief, pertinent conclusion or interpretive statement; complex conclusions
should form a separate section but generally are not necessary if the information is included inthe abstract. Avoid summaries indicating “future work is necessary” or “further work is underway” because “previews of coming attractions” are unacceptable and will not be published bythe journal. The section on “RESULTS” can be combined with the section on “DISCUSSION”
or they can be separate.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Acknowledgments can be shown after “DISCUSSION” in a separate paragraph.
REFERENCES
The reference section should include only published, significant, and relevant sources
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accessible through a library or an information system. These include journal articles, books,
theses, dissertations, proceedings, bulletins, reports, and published abstracts of papers presented
at meetings. Unpublished work, privileged data, or information received personally should benoted parenthetically in the text. Cite all references in the text by last names and year ofpublication. Text citations should be arranged from the earliest to most recent year,alphabetized by name within the same year. If authors and the year are the same in the citedreferences, lower-case alphabet letters should be attached to the year, such as 1990a and 1990b,
so that the reference can be readily distinguished. When the number of authors are two in acited reference, cite the reference with both author's name with ‘and,’ e.g., (Toyota and Hitachi,1987). When the number of authors are more than three in a cited reference, cite the referencewith the first author with ‘et al.’ as long as ambiguity is avoided. For entries in REFERENCES,alphabetize by authors' last names and follow the styles below exactly for capitalization,punctuation, and order of elements.
Journal article;
Author, A. B., Author, B. B. 2002. Title of article. Environ. Control Biol. 43: 35‐45.
Book article;
Author, A. B., Author, B. B., Author, C. C. 2003. Title of article. In “Title of Book”(ed. by Author, D. D., Author, E. E.), Ed. 2, Vol. 3. Publisher, City, p 15‐25.
Book;
Author, A. B., Author, B. C. 2003. Title of Book. Publisher, City, pp 565.
Thesis;Author, B. C. 2003. Title of thesis. PhD thesis. University, City, pp 204.
Abstract;
Author, A. B., Author, B. B. 2003. Title of abstract. (abstract No. xx), Name of
Academic Meeting, Month, City, Name of Journal (abstract) p 135.
No authors or editors;
Title of Booklet, Pamphlet, etc. 2004. Publisher (or Company), City, pp 23.

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TablesTables should document but not duplicate data already given in the text. Keep the number oftables to a minimum. Start each table (with all parts double-spaced) on a separate page andnumber each table with Arabic numerals (e.g., Table 1, Table 2, etc.). Place tables after
REFERENCES. The title, column and row headings, and footnotes of each table should beself-explanatory. Capitalize only the first letter of the first word of each column and row
heading. To identify tabular footnotes, use lowercase letters starting from the end of thealphabet (sequence z, y, x...). If letters or symbols are used to indicate statistical significanceat different levels, use (with explanatory footnotes) either lowercase letters from the beginning6229230
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266of the alphabet (a, b, c...) or a single asterisk (*) for P≤0.05, either uppercase letters from thebeginning of the alphabet (A, B, C...) or a double asterisk (**) for P≤0.01, and a triple asterisk(***) for P≤0.001.
Figures
Illustrations are often the best means for presenting scientific data, revealing trends, orrecording natural appearance. Data presented in tables should not be duplicated in figures.
Identify all graphs, line drawings, and photographs with consecutive Arabic numerals (e.g., Fig.
1, 2, or 3). Number the figures in the sequence in which they are cited in the text. All figures
must be cited. Information in captions should be clear and concise and understoodindependently from the text (all acronyms and abbreviations should be spelled out as in thetext). Symbols used in graphs and charts should be keyed. If symbols are necessary forreference in the text, then choose standard symbols, such as the triangle, box, or circle.
Complex symbols do not translate from disks and cannot be replicated easily.
Supplementary Data
Supporting material that is too lengthy or deemed superfluous for inclusion in the full text ofthe manuscript, but would nevertheless benefit the reader, can be made available as online-onlycontent, linked to the online manuscript on the J-Stage. The material should not be essential
to understanding the conclusions of the paper, but should contain data that is additional orcomplementary and directly relevant to the article content. Such information might include
the study protocols, more detailed methods, videos, 3-D structures/images, sequencealignments extended data sets/data analysis, or additional figures and databases.
All supplementary materials to be considered should be uploaded as Supplementary Data
together must be uploaded as such with the manuscript for peer review. Please indicate clearly
the type and number of materials intended as Supplementary Data in the first page of manuscript
upon submission. Also ensure that the Supplementary Data is referred to in the main
manuscript. Supplementary Data should be submitted in a single or multiple separate file(s)separate to the main manuscript file, in its final form. Please note that Supplementary Data
will not be edited or replaced after the paper has been accepted for publication, therefore authors
should ensure that it is clearly and succinctly presented, and that the style of terms conforms to
the rest of the paper. Figures, tables and text should be prepared in PDF, tables in PDF or
Excel formats and legends for figures/tables should also be incorporated in the same file.
Videos should be prepared in QuickTime Video (mov), MPEG Movie (mpg) or Microsoft AVIVideo (avi) format. Each file should not exceed 5 MB, and not exceed 15 MB in total. Pleaselabel these supplementary files s as S1, S2, S3, etc.
Database registration
Sequence information and X-ray crystallographic coordinates described in a manuscript mustbe submitted in electronic form to online repositories, such as GenBank, or to the appropriate
database for release no later than the date of publication of the corresponding article in the7

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journal. Include database deposition and/or accession numbers in the manuscript and refer tothis in the manuscript footnote. If microarray data is included in the manuscripts authors arerequested to deposit the data in public repository such as GEO, ArrayExpress and CIBEX.
Authors are also advised to make integral materials available in public repositories.

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Publication Office: Center for Academic Publications Japan, 4‐16, 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo 113‐0032, Japan
TEL : ＋81‐3‐3817‐5821 Fax : ＋81‐3‐3817‐5830 E-mail : office_contact＠276

capj.or.jp

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