The History of Japan’s Era Name Square Ligatures
Dr Ken Lunde | Chief Type Architect-At-Large | Chez LundeJapan’s Modern Era Names & Their Square Ligatures
Era Name

Meiji
TaishōShōwa
Heisei
Reiwa

Ideographs

明治
大正
昭和
平成
令和

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

Square Ligature Starting Date

㍾
㍽
㍼
㍻
㋿
2

令和元年 10 月 18 日

1868-10-23
1912-07-30
1926-12-25
1989-01-08
2019-05-01

Era Name Law—元号法—1979

3

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Era Name Law—元号法—1979㋐

国民の理想としてふさわしいようなよい意味を持つものであること。

① It must be something that has a positive meaning and suitable as a national ideal.

4

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Era Name Law—元号法—1979㋐

国民の理想としてふさわしいようなよい意味を持つものであること。

① It must be something that has a positive meaning and suitable as a national ideal.

㋑

漢字２字であること。

② It must be two kanji.

5

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Era Name Law—元号法—1979㋐

国民の理想としてふさわしいようなよい意味を持つものであること。

① It must be something that has a positive meaning and suitable as a national ideal.

㋑

漢字２字であること。

② It must be two kanji.

㋒

書きやすいこと。

③ It must be easy to write.

6

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Era Name Law—元号法—1979㋐

国民の理想としてふさわしいようなよい意味を持つものであること。

① It must be something that has a positive meaning and suitable as a national ideal.

㋑

漢字２字であること。

② It must be two kanji.

㋒

書きやすいこと。

③ It must be easy to write.

㋓

読みやすいこと。

④ It must be easy to read.

7

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Era Name Law—元号法—1979㋐

国民の理想としてふさわしいようなよい意味を持つものであること。

① It must be something that has a positive meaning and suitable as a national ideal.

㋑

漢字２字であること。

② It must be two kanji.

㋒

書きやすいこと。

③ It must be easy to write.

㋓

読みやすいこと。

④ It must be easy to read.

㋔ これまでに元号又はおくり名として用いられたものでないこと。

⑤ It must not be something that has been used until now as an era or posthumous name.

8

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Era Name Law—元号法—1979㋐

国民の理想としてふさわしいようなよい意味を持つものであること。

① It must be something that has a positive meaning and suitable as a national ideal.

㋑

漢字２字であること。

② It must be two kanji.

㋒

書きやすいこと。

③ It must be easy to write.

㋓

読みやすいこと。

④ It must be easy to read.

㋔ これまでに元号又はおくり名として用いられたものでないこと。

⑤ It must not be something that has been used until now as an era or posthumous name.

㋕

俗用されているものでないこと。

⑥ It must not be something that is commonly used.
9

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

A Brief History of Standards

10

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

A Brief History of Standards• Japanese national standards• JIS C 6226 (now JIS X 0208)—established in 1978
• JIS X 0213—established in 2000

11

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

A Brief History of Standards• Japanese national standards• JIS C 6226 (now JIS X 0208)—established in 1978
• JIS X 0213—established in 2000

• Japanese corporate standards• NEC• Microsoft• Apple12

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

A Brief History of Standards• Japanese national standards• JIS C 6226 (now JIS X 0208)—established in 1978
• JIS X 0213—established in 2000

• Japanese corporate standards• NEC• Microsoft• Apple• Multilingual/International standards• Unicode—established in 1991
• ISO/IEC 10646—established in 1993

13

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

A Brief History of Standards• Japanese national standards• JIS C 6226 (now JIS X 0208)—established in 1978
• JIS X 0213—established in 2000

• Japanese corporate standards• NEC• Microsoft• Apple• Multilingual/International standards• Unicode—established in 1991
• ISO/IEC 10646—established in 1993

• Japanese glyph set standards• Adobe-Japan1-7—established in 1992 as Adobe-Japan1-0
14

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS C 6226-1978 (aka JIS78) Rows 2 & 13
Row 2
00

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19◆ □ ■ △ ▲ ▽ ▼ ※ 〒 → ← ↑ ↓ 〓

20
40
60
80

Row 1301 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

00
20
40
60
80
15

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS C 6226-1978 Row 2 & NEC Row 13—1982
Row 2
00

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19◆ □ ■ △ ▲ ▽ ▼ ※ 〒 → ← ↑ ↓ 〓

20
40
60
80

Row 1301 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲
20 ⑳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ㍉ ㌔ ㌢ ㍍ ɡ ㌧ ㌃ ㌶
40 ㍑ ㍗ ㌍ ㌦ ㌣ ㌫ ㍊ ㌻ ㎜ ㎝ ㎞ ㎎ ㎏ ㏄ ㎡
60〝№ ㏍ ＴＥＬ ㊤ ㊥ ㊦ ㊧ ㊨ ㈱ ㈲ ㈹ ㍾ ㍽ ㍼”
80 ≒ ≡ ∫ ∮ ∑ √ ⊥ ∠ ∟ ⊿ ∵ ∩ ∪00

16

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS C 6226-1983 (aka JIS83) Row 2 & NEC Row 13
Row 2

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19◆ □ ■ △ ▲ ▽ ▼ ※ 〒 → ← ↑ ↓ 〓20∈ ∋ ⊆ ⊇ ⊂ ⊃ ∪ ∩40∧ ∨ ￢ ⇒ ⇔ ∀ ∃60 ∠ ⊥ ⌒ ∂ ∇ ≡ ≒ ≪ ≫ √ ∽ ∝ ∵ ∫ ∬80Å ‰ ♯ ♭ ♪ † ‡ ¶◯00

Row 1301 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲
20 ⑳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ㍉ ㌔ ㌢ ㍍ ɡ ㌧ ㌃ ㌶
40 ㍑ ㍗ ㌍ ㌦ ㌣ ㌫ ㍊ ㌻ ㎜ ㎝ ㎞ ㎎ ㎏ ㏄ ㎡
60〝№ ㏍ ＴＥＬ ㊤ ㊥ ㊦ ㊧ ㊨ ㈱ ㈲ ㈹ ㍾ ㍽ ㍼”
80 ≒ ≡ ∫ ∮ ∑ √ ⊥ ∠ ∟ ⊿ ∵ ∩ ∪00

17

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

The Heisei Era18

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

The Heisei Era• Began on 1989-01-08

19

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

The Heisei Era• Began on 1989-01-08• The use of NEC Row 13 in Microsoft and Apple OSes set a precedent to encode ㍻

20

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

The Heisei Era• Began on 1989-01-08• The use of NEC Row 13 in Microsoft and Apple OSes set a precedent to encode ㍻• Two unassigned code points were equal-distance from ㍾, ㍽, and ㍼: 13-63 & 13-93

21

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

The Heisei Era• Began on 1989-01-08• The use of NEC Row 13 in Microsoft and Apple OSes set a precedent to encode ㍻• Two unassigned code points were equal-distance from ㍾, ㍽, and ㍼: 13-63 & 13-93• Ended on 2019-04-30

22

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS X 0208-1990 (aka JIS90) Row 2 & Microsoft/NEC Row 13—1992
Row 2

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19◆ □ ■ △ ▲ ▽ ▼ ※ 〒 → ← ↑ ↓ 〓20∈ ∋ ⊆ ⊇ ⊂ ⊃ ∪ ∩40∧ ∨ ￢ ⇒ ⇔ ∀ ∃60 ∠ ⊥ ⌒ ∂ ∇ ≡ ≒ ≪ ≫ √ ∽ ∝ ∵ ∫ ∬80Å ‰ ♯ ♭ ♪ † ‡ ¶◯00

Row 1301 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲
20 ⑳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ㍉ ㌔ ㌢ ㍍ ㌘ ㌧ ㌃ ㌶
40 ㍑ ㍗ ㌍ ㌦ ㌣ ㌫ ㍊ ㌻ ㎜ ㎝ ㎞ ㎎ ㎏ ㏄ ㎡
60㍻ 〝№ ㏍ ＴＥＬ ㊤ ㊥ ㊦ ㊧ ㊨ ㈱ ㈲ ㈹ ㍾ ㍽ ㍼”
80 ≒ ≡ ∫ ∮ ∑ √ ⊥ ∠ ∟ ⊿ ∵ ∩ ∪00

23

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Apple KanjiTalk7 Row 14—1992
Row 1401 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19㍉ ㌢ ㍍ ㌔ ㌖ ㌅ ㌳ ㍎ ㌃ ㌶ ㌘ ㌕ ㌧ ㍑ ㍊ ㌹ ㍗ ㌍ ㍂
20 ㌣ ㌦ ㌻ ㌫㌀ ㌞ ㌪ ㌱ ㍇
0040

㍾ ㍽ ㍼ ㍻
㍿ 有限会社 財団法人

60
80

24

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Unicode Version 1.0—1991 & ISO/IEC 10646—1993

25

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Unicode Version 1.0—1991 & ISO/IEC 10646—1993• The first non-corporate character set standards to include Japan’s era name square ligatures

26

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Unicode Version 1.0—1991 & ISO/IEC 10646—1993• The first non-corporate character set standards to include Japan’s era name square ligatures

Unicode Preview—1990

U+3190㍾

27

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

U+3191

令和元年 10 月 18 日㍽

U+3192㍼

U+3193㍻

Unicode Version 1.0—1991 & ISO/IEC 10646—1993• The first non-corporate character set standards to include Japan’s era name square ligatures

Unicode Preview—1990

Unicode Version 1.0 &ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993

U+3190㍾

U+3191㍽

U+3192㍼

U+3193

U+337B

U+337C

U+337D

U+337E㍻

28

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

㍼

㍽

㍻
㍾

JIS X 0213:2000 (aka JIS2000)

29

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS X 0213:2000 (aka JIS2000)• The first JIS standard to include Japan’s era name square ligatures

30

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS X 0213:2000 (aka JIS2000)• The first JIS standard to include Japan’s era name square ligatures• (Technically, JIS X 0221-1995—equivalent to ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993—was the first JIS standard to include
them)

31

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS X 0213:2000 Rows 2 & 13
Row 2

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19◆ □ ■ △ ▲ ▽ ▼ ※ 〒 → ← ↑ ↓ 〓 ' " - ~ 〳20 〴 〵 〻 〼 ヿ ゟ ∈ ∋ ⊆ ⊇ ⊂ ⊃ ∪ ∩ ⊄ ⊅ ⊊ ⊋ ∉ ∅40 ⌅ ⌆ ∧ ∨ ￢ ⇒ ⇔ ∀ ∃ ⊕ ⊖ ⊗ ∥ ∦ ｟ ｠ 〘 〙 〖 〗60 ∠ ⊥ ⌒ ∂ ∇ ≡ ≒ ≪ ≫ √ ∽ ∝ ∵ ∫ ∬ ≢ ≃ ≅ ≈ ≶80 ≷ ↔ Å ‰ ♯ ♭ ♪ † ‡ ¶ ♮ ♫ ♬ ♩ ◯00

Row 1301 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲
20 ⑳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ Ⅺ ㍉ ㌔ ㌢ ㍍ ㌘ ㌧ ㌃ ㌶
40 ㍑ ㍗ ㌍ ㌦ ㌣ ㌫ ㍊ ㌻ ㎜ ㎝ ㎞ ㎎ ㎏ ㏄ ㎡ Ⅻ60㍻ 〝 〟 № ㏍ ＴＥＬ ㊤ ㊥ ㊦ ㊧ ㊨ ㈱ ㈲ ㈹ ㍾ ㍽ ㍼
80
∮
∟ ⊿
❖ ☞
00

32

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Adobe-Japan1-0—1992• Japan’s three original era name square ligatures were included in Supplement 0—1992• CIDs 7621 through 7623—㍾, ㍽, and ㍼

33

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Adobe-Japan1-1—1993• Japan’s three original era name square ligatures were included in Supplement 0—1992• CIDs 7621 through 7623—㍾, ㍽, and ㍼• The one for Heisei was added in Supplement 1—1993• CID+8323—㍻34

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Adobe-Japan1-4—2000• Japan’s three original era name square ligatures were included in Supplement 0—1992• CIDs 7621 through 7623—㍾, ㍽, and ㍼• The one for Heisei was added in Supplement 1—1993• CID+8323—㍻• Vertical forms for all four era name square ligatures were added in Supplement 4—2000• CIDs 12041 through 12044—㍾, ㍽, ㍼, and ㍻• First implemented by the original Hong Kong–based Fontworks in the 1990s• Referenced in Table 2 of UAX #50 (Unicode Vertical Text Layout)• Japanese fonts do not univerally support the vertical forms—their use in vertical layout is optional

35

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Japan’s Era Name Square Ligatures—Horizontal vs Vertical
Era Name

Meiji
TaishōShōwa
Heisei

Ideographs Horizontal

明治
大正
昭和
平成

㍾ 7621㍽ 7622㍼ 7623㍻ 832336

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

VerticalUnicode㍾ 12041 U+337E㍽ 12042 U+337D㍼ 12043 U+337C㍻ 12044 U+337B

2019-04-01 Announcement37

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

2019-04-01 Announcement• The two kanji, 令 (rei) and 和 (wa), were selected to represent Japan’s new era name38

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

2019-04-01 Announcement• The two kanji, 令 (rei) and 和 (wa), were selected to represent Japan’s new era name• And then the work began…

39

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Pre 2019-04-01 Activities

40

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Pre 2019-04-01 Activities• The code point U+32FF was reserved at UTC #154 on 2018-01-22• The closest unassigned code point to U+337B ㍻ through U+337E ㍾

41

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Pre 2019-04-01 Activities• The code point U+32FF was reserved at UTC #154 on 2018-01-22• The closest unassigned code point to U+337B ㍻ through U+337E ㍾• The Adobe-Japan1-7 CMap resources were released on 2018-07-30• CIDs 23058 and 23059 were reserved• U+32FF maps to CID+23058• CID+23059 is the vertical glyph42

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Pre 2019-04-01 Activities• The code point U+32FF was reserved at UTC #154 on 2018-01-22• The closest unassigned code point to U+337B ㍻ through U+337E ㍾• The Adobe-Japan1-7 CMap resources were released on 2018-07-30• CIDs 23058 and 23059 were reserved• U+32FF maps to CID+23058• CID+23059 is the vertical glyph• Updated Adobe-Japan1-UCS2 ToUnicode mapping resource was released on 2018-07-30

43

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities

44

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01

45

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09

46

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

47

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

フォントの日= Font Day
48

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

フォン = 4 ト = 1049

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

フォントの日= April 1050

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

ポッキーの日= Pocky Day
51

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

52

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

53

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

ポッキーの日= November 11
54

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09

55

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09• CLDR Version 35.1 and ICU Version 64.2 were released on 2019-04-17

56

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09• CLDR Version 35.1 and ICU Version 64.2 were released on 2019-04-17• Unicode Version 12.1 was released on 2019-05-07• Only U+32FF was added• The Unicode Consortium acted very quickly

57

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09• CLDR Version 35.1 and ICU Version 64.2 were released on 2019-04-17• Unicode Version 12.1 was released on 2019-05-07• Only U+32FF was added• The Unicode Consortium acted very quickly• Apple’s macOS Version 10.14.5 and iOS Version 12.3 were released on 2019-05-13

58

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09• CLDR Version 35.1 and ICU Version 64.2 were released on 2019-04-17• Unicode Version 12.1 was released on 2019-05-07• Only U+32FF was added• The Unicode Consortium acted very quickly• Apple’s macOS Version 10.14.5 and iOS Version 12.3 were released on 2019-05-13• Source Han Mono Version 1.000 (derivative of Source Han Sans) was released on 2019-05-26

59

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09• CLDR Version 35.1 and ICU Version 64.2 were released on 2019-04-17• Unicode Version 12.1 was released on 2019-05-07• Only U+32FF was added• The Unicode Consortium acted very quickly• Apple’s macOS Version 10.14.5 and iOS Version 12.3 were released on 2019-05-13• Source Han Mono Version 1.000 (derivative of Source Han Sans) was released on 2019-05-26• Microsoft updated various versions of Windows OS in May of 201960

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Post 2019-04-01 Activities• The Adobe-Japan1-7 specification was published on 2019-04-01• Source Han Sans and Noto Sans CJK Version 2.001 were released on 2019-04-09• Adobe-Japan1-7 versions of Kozuka Mincho/Gothic were released on 2019-04-09• CLDR Version 35.1 and ICU Version 64.2 were released on 2019-04-17• Unicode Version 12.1 was released on 2019-05-07• Only U+32FF was added• The Unicode Consortium acted very quickly• Apple’s macOS Version 10.14.5 and iOS Version 12.3 were released on 2019-05-13• Source Han Mono Version 1.000 (derivative of Source Han Sans) was released on 2019-05-26• Microsoft updated various versions of Windows OS in May of 2019
• Google’s Android Q Beta 4 was released in June of 2019
61

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS X 0213 Revision?

62

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS X 0213 Revision?
Row 1301 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲
20 ⑳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ Ⅺ ㍉ ㌔ ㌢ ㍍ ㌘ ㌧ ㌃ ㌶
40 ㍑ ㍗ ㌍ ㌦ ㌣ ㌫ ㍊ ㌻ ㎜ ㎝ ㎞ ㎎ ㎏ ㏄ ㎡ Ⅻ60
㋿ ㍻ 〝 〟 № ㏍ ＴＥＬ ㊤ ㊥ ㊦ ㊧ ㊨ ㈱ ㈲ ㈹ ㍾ ㍽ ㍼
80
∮
∟ ⊿
❖ ☞
00

63

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

JIS X 0213 Revision?
Row 1301 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑪ ⑫ ⑬ ⑭ ⑮ ⑯ ⑰ ⑱ ⑲
20 ⑳ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ Ⅺ ㍉ ㌔ ㌢ ㍍ ㌘ ㌧ ㌃ ㌶
40 ㍑ ㍗ ㌍ ㌦ ㌣ ㌫ ㍊ ㌻ ㎜ ㎝ ㎞ ㎎ ㎏ ㏄ ㎡ Ⅻ60
㋿ ㍻ 〝 〟 № ㏍ ＴＥＬ ㊤ ㊥ ㊦ ㊧ ㊨ ㈱ ㈲ ㈹ ㍾ ㍽ ㍼
80
∮
∟ ⊿
❖ ☞
00

64

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Summary
Era Name

Meiji
TaishōShōwa
Heisei
Reiwa

Ideographs Horizontal

明治
大正
昭和
平成
令和

VerticalUnicode㍾ 7621 ㍾ 12041 U+337E (1.0)
㍽ 7622 ㍽ 12042 U+337D (1.0)
㍼ 7623 ㍼ 12043 U+337C (1.0)
㍻ 8323 ㍻ 12044 U+337B (1.0)
㋿ 23058 ㋿ 23059 U+32FF (12.1)

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

65

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Unicorns…

66

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Unicorns…

67

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Unicorns…

68

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Unicorns…

69

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

Unicorns…

70

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日

References• Era Name Law—1979• Request to reserve the code point for square Japanese new era name—L2/17-429• Unicode Version 12.1
• Unicode Preview excerpt• The Adobe-Japan1-7 Character Collection (GitHub)• CMap Resources (GitHub)• Mapping Resources for PDF (GitHub)• Relevant CJK Type Blog articles• Adobe-Japan1-6 Is Expecting!
• Preparing for May 1, 2019
• A Brief History of Japan’s Era Name Ligatures• Adobe-Japan1-7 Published!
71

IUC43—Santa Clara, California, USA, Northwestern Hemisphere, Terra, Sol, Orion-Cygnus Arm, Milky Way, Local Group, Laniakea Supercluster

令和元年 10 月 18 日