April 6, 20101

2010 NPR in Context• Third comprehensive review of U.S. nuclear policies
and posture– Previous reviews in 1994 and 2001

• Conducted by DoD in close consultation with theDepartments of State and Energy• Builds on QDR and BMDR (released Feb. 1, 2010)• Close consultation with Congress and allies throughout

Roadmap for implementing the President’s
agenda for reducing nuclear dangers
2Adapting to a Changed Security Environment• Focus on most urgent dangers: nuclear proliferation andnuclear terrorism– Transnational terrorist groups seeking to acquire and use nuclearweapons– States pursuing nuclear weapons in defiance of the internationalcommunity• Enhance regional security architectures to strengthen
deterrence of regional aggression and reassure allies
and partners of U.S. commitment to their defense• Reinforce strategic stability with Russia and China– U.S. and Russia still have more nuclear weapons than needed forstable deterrence“Put an end to Cold War thinking”
3NPR Policy Framework
1. Preventing Nuclear Proliferation and Nuclear Terrorism
2. Reducing the Role of U.S. Nuclear Weapons
3. Maintaining Strategic Deterrence and Stability at ReducedNuclear Force Levels
4. Strengthening Regional Deterrence and Reassuring U.S.
Allies and Partners
5. Sustaining a Safe, Secure, and Effective Nuclear Arsenal

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Preventing Nuclear Proliferation and Nuclear
Terrorism – Key Initiatives• Lead international efforts to bolster nuclear non-proliferation regime– Strengthen IAEA safeguards and enforce compliance– Increase DOE non-proliferation programs by 25 percent (to $2.7 billion)• Accelerate efforts to secure all vulnerable nuclear materials
worldwide in four years– Enhance capabilities to detect and interdict smuggled nuclear materials• Reaffirm U.S. commitment to fulfill NPT obligations including
Article VI– New START, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Fissile Material Cutoff
Treaty– Comprehensive national R&D program on verification• Renew U.S. commitment: to “hold fully accountable any state,terrorist group, or non-state actor that supports or enables terrorist
efforts to obtain or use WMD”
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Reducing the Role of Nuclear Weapons
U.S. Declaratory Policy
For Non-Nuclear Weapons States Compliant with Non-Proliferation Obligations:•Strengthen the U.S. “negative security assurance”– “The United States will not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear
weapons states that are party to the NPT and in compliance with their nuclear
nonproliferation obligations”– These states face the prospect of a devastating conventional military response if use
CBW against the United States or its allies and partners– If biological threat grows, U.S. reserves right to adjust assurance
For Nuclear Weapons States and Non-Compliant States:•The U.S. would use nuclear weapons only in extreme circumstances to defend the vitalinterests of the United States, our allies and partners•

For these states, there remains a narrow range of contingencies in which U.S. nuclear
weapons may still play a role in deterring conventional or CBW attack

As long as nuclear weapons exist•The fundamental role of U.S. nuclear weapons is to deter nuclear attack on the United States,
our allies, and partners•Continue to strengthen conventional capabilities and reduce the role of nuclear weapons indeterring non-nuclear attacks, with the objective of making deterrence of nuclear attack on theUnited States or our allies and partners the sole purpose of U.S. nuclear weapons
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Maintaining Strategic Deterrence andStability at Reduced Nuclear Force Levels• New START: An essential next step
– Treaty Limits? 1,550 accountable strategic warheads (30 percent lower than SORT)? 700 deployed strategic delivery vehicles? 800 deployed and non-deployed strategic launchers (50 percent lowerthan START I)– Retain nuclear Triad under New START– “De-Mirv” ICBMs to one warhead each to enhance crisis stability– Does not constrain U.S. missile defenses or long-range conventional strikecapabilities• Make new investments in the U.S. command and control system tomaximize Presidential decision time in a nuclear crisis• Seek high-level dialogues with Russia and China to promote morestable and transparent strategic relationships
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Strengthening Regional Deterrence andReassurance of U.S. Allies and Partners• U.S. committed to working with allies and partners to strengthen
regional deterrence– Continue to enhance conventional capabilities, field regional missiledefenses, and improve counter-WMD capabilities• Key regional security architectures retain a nuclear component aslong as nuclear threats to U.S. forces and allies remain– Retain capability to forward-deploy U.S. nuclear weapons on tacticalfighter- and heavy bombers– Proceed with full scope life extension of B61 bomb
– Retire nuclear-armed sea-launched cruise missile (TLAM-N)• Continue close consultations with allies and partners to ensure thecredibility and effectiveness of the U.S. extended deterrent
8Sustaining a Safe, Secure, and Effective Arsenal• U.S. stockpile management principles:– No nuclear testing – pursue ratification of CTBT– No new nuclear warheads: Life Extension Programs (LEPs) will only use
previously tested designs and not support new military missions or provide
for new military capabilities– Study warhead sustainment options on case-by-case basis, considering all
LEP approaches– Strong preference for refurbishment or re-use; replacement of nuclear
components would require special Presidential authorization• Increase investments in the nuclear weapons complex– Address aging infrastructure– Support Science, Technology, and Engineering– Recruit and retain key human capital in DoD and DoE– Continued leadership focus on the nuclear mission
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Looking Ahead:
Toward a World Without Nuclear Weapons• Continue focus on preventing nuclear proliferation and nuclearterrorism• Strengthen regional security architectures while placing increased
reliance on non-nuclear deterrence capabilities• Engage Russia, after ratification and entry into force of New
START, in negotiations aimed at achieving substantial further
nuclear force reductions• Following further reductions with Russia, engage other nuclear
weapons states, over time, in a multilateral effort to limit, reduce,and eventually eliminate all nuclear weapons worldwide• Continue to sustain a safe, secure, and effective nuclear deterrent
as long as nuclear weapons exist
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