COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS OF LARGEACCELERATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS PRODUCTS
V.Alferov, IHEP, Protvino and A.Vaguine, MRTI, Moscow
INTRODUCTION
A wide range of hardware and software components designed for control systems of accelerators andphysics experiments can be directly, or after some modification, implemented for commercial purposes.
Among them, of greater and lesser significance, are:• control of small particle accelerators and microwave equipment for use in medical, industrial andecological applications - lithotrypsy, irradiation sterilization, irradiation therapy, customs inspection ofcargoes, facilities for dental medicine, wood drying, etc.
• re-use of an accelerator control system for environmental monitoring• applications of fiber optic technology in devices such as turbine expanders or any other rotating shaft
vibration meters, other fiber optic sensors, fiber optic networks and applications in radiation environments• precise DC/AC high current meters and control systems for electrical energy consumption• bubble chamber film analysis system for a land survey
A few results of such implementations are presented.

CRYOGENIC TURBINE EXPANDER PROTECTION SYSTEM
The system is designed as part of a liquid helium plant control system; it is intended to protect aturbine expander from vibration damage. It is based on fiber-optic sensors; it calculates a turbine expander
rotation frequency and those of radial and axial vibrations as well. It also generates alarm signals andremembers parameter values at the moment of alarm generation. The system includes a rotation frequency
sensor, an axial and two radial vibration sensors and a microprocessor unit with digital display. It can besupplied with a Fourier analysis submodule and communications through a serial port. As to accuracy, itsvibration amplitude error does not exceed 1 µm. This device can also be used for protection of turbine
expanders in air splitting machines, for gas mixture rectification at cryogenic temperatures in metallurgy
and the chemical and food industries and for diagnostics of moving part vibration parameters of devices suchas turbines and compressors.

UNDERGROUND PIPELINE INSULATION DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT
Oil and gas pipelines are usually covered with an organic insulation layer and are protected fromcorrosion by an electrostatic potential. In case of damage to the insulation, rust quickly destroys a pipe
wall. Normally, insulation monitoring is performed with the help of a sinusoidal waveform generator
connected to a pipe and with observation via a portable voltmeter. However more effective location ofdamaged insulation can be performed with a generator providing a set of frequencies and readout with anarrow band voltmeter. Working frequencies used have been : 3.75, 7.5, 18.75, 187.5 and 937.5 Hz. The
device can also locate and measure the depths of pipes. Both the generator and voltmeter are coupled to thepipe in such a manner as to avoid interference from the DC potential which is always present. Themeasurement data, which are accumulated in the voltmeter during a field measurement run, can be loaded
into a PC for analysis. The results can be predictive of possible future failures.

PORTABLE HELIUM LEAKAGE DETECTOR
The device is an indicator of changing surrounding gas content. It indicates appearance in the air ofgases in which the sound velocity differs significantly from that in air. Such gases are: hydrogen (soundvelocity is 4 times greater), helium (3), methane (1.33), and ammonia (1.28). It is also able to detect thepresence of vapors of alcohol, gasoline, acetone and perfume. With a sensitivity for helium at a level of0.05%, it can be used for indication of gas leakage in a kitchen or coal mine or for fire protectionCUSTOMS INSPECTION
A customs inspection device (RK-300) for sea containers enables one to take an image of the cargo inboth horizontal and vertical projections using radiographic techniques based on the linear electronaccelerator. The main characteristics are:source of irradiation
8 MeV Linac
photodetectors of imaging system1024
contrast dynamic range14 bit
space resolution
1 mmcargo size
2.5 X 2.5 X 12 m.
A PC-based on-line data processing system allows control of the inspection procedures with different
imaging approaches (zooming, gray level modification, masking, etc.).

STERILIZATIONThe STEROS irradiation device is used for sterilization of medical products and food. It is based on an
8 MeV linear electron accelerator which can be transported. A PC-based control system enables one tomonitor all the necessary parameters and to provide complete support for the process.

URAT-P2 LITHOTRIPTERThe URAT- P2 kidney stone disintegration device (lithotripter) is based on a shock wave generator witha pulsed electro-hydraulic discharger and ellipsoidal reflector \ as a focusing system. The variations of theshock wave parameters are envisaged as having a high efficacy of disintegration of the stones. Provision ismade for 3-D X-ray examination control as well as ultrasonic imaging. All the data processing and control
are done with a microprocessor- and PC-based control system.

ENVIRONMENT MONITORING SYSTEM
For one year the MRTI software team has worked with its dedicated accelerator control system on
problems of software portability, object-oriented programming and expert systems. The experience gained
was applied to solving some environmental problems in agriculture. There are problems ranging frommonitoring individual detector locations, the networking of the monitors all over the Russia and collecting
and processing data to those of data analysis and data reduction to aid the government in making decisions
for operative controls and for long-term planning. There are, along with the normal technical tasks (sensors,monitoring stations, distributed control, networking, etc.), many problems to be solved together with theagricultural institutes: modeling of environmental processes (pollutant migration and transformation,structuring of regions, solving environmental boundary problems, etc.), developing multilevel expert
systems for decision making, joining the heterogeneous databases existing in the communication ministry,etc. Now that the Technical Project has begun and we understand the size of the problem, we shall seek
solutions in collaboration with the experts from the different sciences: agriculture, environment, physics,biology and so on.

COMPUTER BLOOD TESTING
There is a very interesting task for the use of hi-tech computing in medicine - complex blood testing
and analysis. To estimate the objective condition of a patient it is proposed to use different groups of blood
sample parameters measured simultaneously to monitor functional capabilities and form prognoses. A
special type of expert system and database will be utilized within this project.

CONCLUSION
Over the years the control community has developed broad scientific knowledge which could be
successfully implemented for commercial purposes. Joint efforts in the various fields could demonstrate ourability to return the money spent on Fundamental Science.