Manufacturing Grid Systems for Decentralized Grid Resources
and Services—A Review of Literature
Tong Yifei*, Ye Wei**, Dong Ying***,Zhao Xiaorong*****Nanjing University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering 401, 210094 Nanjing,
People’s Republic of China, E-mail:tyf51129@yahoo.com.cn**Nanjing University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering 402, 210094 Nanjing,
People’s Republic of China, E-mail: 837288965@qq.com****Nanjing University of Science and Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering 402, 210094 Nanjing,
People’s Republic of China, E-mail: 364925619@qq.com*****Jiangsu University of Technology, 213001 Changzhou, People’s Republic of China, E-mail:zhaoxr432698@gmail.com

Abstract
Traditional networked manufacturing systems are designed in large part to utilize manufacturingresources with limited ability to rapidly share or spread below certain efficiency. The increase indemand variability created by manufacturing enterprises presents new challenges to increase resources
usage and sharing flexibility. This paper aims to investigate and emphasize the importance of themanufacturing grid system regarding the nature of sharing. The investigation was conducted to
critically review the literature on expected potential problems associated with high loads and islanding
resources sharing of networked manufacturing as well as grid technology. Efficiency of both resource
usage and balance of system are decreasing in traditional manufacturing system. The technical utility
requirements from distributed manufacturing enterprises need to be satisfied to ensure the efficiency ofand the reliability of the utility manufacturing grid. Identifying the technical requirements for gridinterconnection and solving the interconnect problems are therefore very important issues forwidespread application of manufacturing grid systems. It is strongly recommended that manufacturing
grid system should be operated.
Keywords: Manufacturing grid, Networked manufacturing system, Resource discovery, Resource
allocation and scheduling, Grid technology

1. Introduction
With the development of Internet technology and network technology continuously, thehistory of mankind has entered the era of the Internet economy. The original relatively stable
market becomes dynamically changeable and enterprise production and management tends tobe globalization and networked [1].
As a infrastructure for computing and data management, grid integrates various functions ofnetworking, communications, computing and information in one with full connectivity of allthe resources on the Internet so as to eliminate the silos of information and resources andprovide a unified virtual platform for computing and data management, which provides
information technology supports for commercial activities, acts of government and scientificresearch in many fields [2,3,4]. Most of the existing grid technology focuses on scientificcomputing. With the in-depth application of grid technology and manufacturing needs [5],manufacturing systems under grid mode have emerged for the ultimate realization of the
global manufacturing resources sharing and work together to provide effective solution ideas.
The introduction of grid technology into agile manufacturing system, by using its
application framework compatible with its own constitution characteristic and virtual
enterprise modeling, is targeted to expand manufacturing grid applications, research methods
and techniques in order to achieve a wide area within manufacturing resource sharing andcollaboration product development.

2. Grid resource management
Resource management is one of the core tasks of the grid. Its basic function is to accept theresource request of users with access privileges, and allocate specific resources in grid
resource pool for users. Grid resource management system is to find matching resources forthe request, make the task of this request to run on the resources [6, 7].Resource management
models can be used in the grid environment include: hierarchical model [8], abstract ownermodel [8], computing market (economic) model [9] and its hybrid model. Grid implementers
can select correct mode of resource management models to achieve resource modeling,encapsulating, registration, discovery, allocation, scheduling, usage, agent and recovery.
Under distributed and heterogeneous grid environment, it is necessary to involve the grid
resource allocation and scheduling. Firstly, break down application tasks appropriately into
multiple sub-tasks. Then, reasonably to assign the various sub-tasks to each resource, andarrange the order of execution in various resources.
At present, the technologies which can be referred mainly focus on manufacturing resourcescheduling and resource scheduling under computational grid environment. Several major
manufacturing resource scheduling methods are as shown in Table 1[2]. (Note: In
manufacturing system under grid mode, enterprises can be considered as a resource node, sopartner selection also belongs to the manufacturing resource scheduling areas [2].)Table.1. Manufacturing resource scheduling methods [2]NO.
1
2NameIntegration of networked manufacturing resources
Multi-objective decision making in virtual enterprise partner selection
Product structure-based dynamic alliance partner Selection algorithm
AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)/DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)34Gray chance constrained programming of resource scheduling forvirtual enterpriseMulti-objective optimization model with GA solving for dynamicalliance partner selection
Dynamic alliance partner selection model and soft computing

5

Multi-dimensional decision model for agile virtual enterprise partner selection

6

Target ontology of virtual enterprise partner selection

MethodMacroscopic model
Integer programming、AHP
AHP、Greedy
algorithm
AHP、DEA
Gray simulation,
Genetic algorithm
Genetic algorithm
Fuzzy logic, Genetic
algorithms
Multi-dimensional
decision model
Target ontology,
Knowledge
interchange format

Overall, the studies for each specific scheduling problems and scheduling objective
proposed corresponding scheduling algorithm. Now, the economic mechanism-based grid
resource scheduling is becoming a hot spot of the grid resource scheduling.

3. The overall conclusion and recommendation: Manufacturing system in gridmode -----manufacturing grid
In China, professor Fan Yushun from tsinghua university studied manufacturing system ingrid mode and early put forward the concept of "manufacturing grid": "Integrated support
environment to realize the enterprise and social resources sharing and integration and support
enterprise group collaborative operation and management. Through the network, byencapsulating and integrating design, manufacturing, management, information, technology,
intelligence and software resources in different enterprise and social groups, shielding
heterogeneous resources and geographic distribution, to provide users with all kinds ofmanufacturing services in transparent way (the manufacturing refers to large manufacturing,
including all the activities of enterprise production and business operation) and make theenterprise or individual business be able to conveniently get all related to the manufacturingservices with requests, which can be used as usage of local resources , so as to realize theintegration of the various kinds of resources and optimize the operation. Provide supports forcollaborative work and realize the business cooperation, manufacturing and supply chain
collaboration between the enterprises coordinated and enable manufacturing enterprise groups

to manufacture high quality products for market demands based on manufacturing grid
operation with low cost and short development cycle ". After the grid technology is applied
into manufacturing industry, international enhanced enterprise technical interoperability,richer interactive model of Web service, perfect product collaborative service and realizationof global manufacturing can be predicted.

4. Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by Postdoctoral Program of Science Foundation ofJiangsu Province of China (0901041C), Zijin Star of Outstanding Program of NJUST and theNational Natural Science Foundation of China (61104171).

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