Road Safety Facilities
Implemented in Japan

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Road Safety Facilities
1.Guard Fence
2.Road Lighting
3.Other Road Safety Facilities

2Road Safety Facilities
1.Guard Fence
2.Road Lighting
3.Other Road Safety Facilities

31.Guard Fence

Classification of Guard Fences
1) Traffic Barrier:–To prevent a motor vehicle traveling inan incorrect course
2) Fences for pedestrians/cyclists :–To prevent pedestrians and cyclists fromfalling or recklessly crossing streets.
41.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Traffic Barriers• Primarily– To prevent a vehicle traveling in an incorrectcourse from deviating into an off-road area,
into a lane used by oncoming traffic, or into apedestrian sidewalk,– To minimize injuries to its occupants anddamage to the vehicle,• Secondary– To guide the line of sight of drivers.
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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Installation Location of Traffic BarriersRoad sidePedestrian/Traffic BoundaryMedianShoulderSidewalkStandard6

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Installation Section (1)• To prevent personal injury to occupants ofa vehicle caused by its deviation into theoff-road area.

– embankments, precipices, and retaining walls,and on bridges and viaducts.
– close to the sea, a lake, a river, a marsh, or acanal.
– entrance to a bridge, viaduct, tunnel etc. or
close to some structure.
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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Installation Section (2)• To prevent personal injuries to third parties
caused by a motor vehicle deviating into
the off-road area

– Section crossing over a railway line or an arterial
road– Median of national expressways and motorways.
– Median of sections of which vertical or horizontalalignment is severer or where traffic moves at higher
speed than common sections.
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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Installation Section (3)• To prevent pedestrians from serious
accidents on the boundaries between thetraffic lane and sidewalks– Sections of roads where traffic moves at high
speed

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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Traffic Barrier Categories for Application

Road
Category

DesignSpeed

Expressways
Motor Ways

80km/h ≦60km/hOther Roads

60km/h ≦≦50km/h

Ordinary
Section

Serious
InjurySectionCrossing orClose toShinkansen

ASBSSSCSABASBCB101.Guard Fence 1) Traffic BarriersRole of a Traffic Barrier
Ⅰ. Roadway Deviation Prevention(To prevent motor vehicles from deviating into off-road areas)

Ⅱ. Occupant Safety(To preserve the safety of occupants)

Ⅲ. Motor Vehicle Guidance(To guide motor vehicles)

Ⅳ. Prevention of Accident
Caused by Broken Traffic Barriers Parts(To prevent accidents caused by broken traffic barrier parts.)
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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Collision Test
for Confirmation of Performance• Confirming by two kinds of collision tests- Collision A : 25 tonf truck- Collision B : 1 tonf passenger car

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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Collision Test A• Vehicle: 25 tonf truck• Collision Angle : 15 degree• Collision Speed :Traffic Barriers
Category
Collision speed(km/h)CBASC

SBSASS

26

30

45

50

65

80

100

Collision Angle

Collision Speed

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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Collision Test B• Vehicle : 1 tonf passenger car• Collision Angle : 20 degree• Collision Speed : C, B : 60km/h
A--SS : 100km/h
Collision Angle

Collision Speed

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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Collision Test
Ⅰ. Roadway Deviation Prevention(Collision Test A)•A traffic barrier must not be brokenthrough.

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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Collision Test
Ⅱ. Occupant Safety (Collision Test B)
 The collision deceleration loaded on the body of an

occupant in a vehicle impacting a traffic barrier must
be lower than evaluation standard values by categoryof collision speed
Category

B, CA
SC, SB, SA, SS

Collision Speed

60km/h100km/h
100km/hDeceleration
MaximumValue
9-12G
15-18G
18-20GG : Gravity acceleration
161.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Collision Test
Ⅲ. Motor Vehicle Guidance(Collision Test A, B)• After striking the traffic barrier, a motor vehicle
must not overturn etc., and its exit speed and exit
angle must satisfy the stipulated values– Exit speed shall be greater than 60% of collision speed– Exit angle shall be smaller than 60% of collision angle
Collision Angle

Exit Angle

Collision Speed

Exit Speed171.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Collision Test
Ⅳ. Prevention of Accidents Causedby Broken Traffic Barrier Parts(Collision Test A, B)• After a motor vehicle strikes a traffic barrier,traffic barriers parts must not be scatteredvery far.

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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Example of Traffic BarriersMedian Barrier

Guard Rail19

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Example of Traffic BarriersMedian Barrier

Box Beam20

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Example of Traffic BarriersMedian Barrier

Concrete Traffic Barrier[ mm]
12555ﾟ

3 01808 4ﾟ

F t y pe80ﾟ

S t y pe21

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Example of Traffic Barriers
Roadside Barrier

Guard Rail22

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Example of Traffic Barriers
Roadside Barrier

Guard Pipe23

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Example of Traffic Barriers
Roadside Barrier

Guard Cable

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1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Example of Traffic Barriers
Roadside Barrier

Bridge Railing25

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Consideration of Scenery-Problem-26

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Consideration of Scenery-Guard Pipe with Slim Members-27

1.Guard Fence 1) Traffic Barriers

Consideration of Scenery-Timber Rail-28

Road Safety Facilities
1.Guard Fence
2.Road Lighting
3.Other Road Safety Facilities

292. Road Lighting

Purpose of Road Lighting• Road lighting is installed so drivers canaccurately understand road conditions
and traffic conditions at night, or at
locations where brightness changes
abruptly, such as tunnels.

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2. Road Lighting

Purpose of Road Lighting• Visual information necessary to clarify roadconditions and traffic conditions

Existence and location of obstructions, pedestrians, etc. on theroad
Road width, road alignment, and other features of road structure
Existence and location of special locations on the road (intersection,divergence, or curve, etc.)
State of road surface in the travelling lane (dry/wet, bumpy, etc.)
Existence, type, speed, direction of motion of other automobiles
State of road surroundings
Existence of other

Road alignment

automobiles, etc.

Obstruction

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2. Road Lighting

Types of Road Lighting• Continuous lighting

In a road section, lighting are installed at fixed intervals to continuouslyilluminate the section.

• Localized lightingThis type locally illuminates intersections, bridges, sidewalks, interchanges,
rest areas and other locations where it is necessary.

• Tunnel lightingThis type illuminates inside of tunnels

Continuous lighting

Localized lighting(intersection)

Tunnel lighting

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2. Road Lighting

Continuous Lighting Installation Sections(Standard)
1) Ordinary national highways etc.
in urban areas.
• Sections with dangers of pedestrians crossing the roadwhere the traffic volume of vehicles and pedestrians ishigh.
• High traffic volume sections where there are dangers
of automobiles deviating from the traffic lane.
• Sections where there are special conditions requiringcontinuous lighting except the above conditions.
332. Road Lighting

Continuous Lighting Installation Sections(Standard)2)

National Expressways• Sections in urban areas where the light of buildings
etc. along the roads impacts road traffic• Sections where there are special conditions requiringcontinuous lighting except the above conditions

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Road Safety Facilities
1.Guard Fence
2.Road Lighting
3.Other Road Safety Facilities353. Other Road Safety Facilities

Median Strips (Example 1)36

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Median Strips (Example 2)
BeforeAfter37

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Sidewalk
BeforeAfter38

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Bicycle paths and bicycle lanes393. Other Road Safety Facilities

Separate pedestrian and vehicle traffic signals

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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

High-visibility Markings• Running off the lane prevented by vibration and sound caused byprojections on the marking
High-visibility marking

High-visibility marking
300

150

10 55 20 55 1055

28641

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

High-visibility Markings• High retroreflective performance for headlights even in the rainynighttime【 Normal marking 】

Glass beads【 High visibility marking 】

Pavement
MarkingPavement
Water film（rainy day ）（rainy day ）HeadlightsPavement（fine day ）42

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

High-visibility Markings (Example 1)• Curved section in thesuburb• Radius of curve 135
meter• Gradient 5.6%
• Prevention of running
off the road due toover speed

Directionvehicle headed

Direction
vehicle headed43

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Road Marking
Text indications“be careful to prevent rear-end collisions”

Dot marks
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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Colored Pavement453. Other Road Safety Facilities

Speed Bumps

Speed bumps46

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Rumble Strips• Running off the road prevented by vibrationand sound caused by grooves47

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Porous Pavement

Rain water permeates throughvoids and drains from theroad surface.
Air escapes through voids andthe road noise decreases.

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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Road Signs (Guide Signs)

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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Types of Signs and Comprehension

Illustration type

Stack-up type50

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Visibility at Night

Retro-reflective light

Incident light (Headlight)
Glass bead51

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Appearance at Night52

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Delineator

With radiation fromheadlights

Photograph by SEKISUI JUSHI Corporation

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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Delineator• Self-lighting delineator• Self-lighting road studs

Photograph by SEKISUI JUSHI Corporation54

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Delineator
Self-lighting linear delineator

Self-lighting obstruction
warning light

Photograph by SEKISUI JUSHI Corporation

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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Curve Sign56

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Rubber Pole57

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Rubber Pole for Reducing the radius of the corners(the corner cut is reduced using zebra markings or rubber poles)

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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Road Studs59

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Approaching oncoming car indicator device“Attention!!
Oncoming Car”

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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Right turn lane (Example1)
BeforeAfter61

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Right turn lane (Example2)62

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Right turn direction marking

Right turn direction
marking63

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Reflective Mirrors

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3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Glare Prevention Plates653. Other Road Safety Facilities

Crash Attenuators66

3. Other Road Safety Facilities

Attenuator Barrels /Sand Attenuators

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