Annex 4

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Mutation Breeding of Major Crops for Low-input
Sustainable Agriculture under Climate ChangeCountry & Name of Project

Bangladesh, Dr. A. N. K. Mamun

Leader:Background of the Project

Aus, aman and boro are three rice cultivating seasons in
Bangladesh. Among these aus is the least cultivated andgrown in comparatively small scale due to prevailing drought
and less availability of surface water for irrigation. Modern
varieties of aus rice cover a significant area of the country
conversely local cultivars cover a small area. Aus rice
requires much fewer inputs than aman and boro.Due tocontinuous declination of groundwater level, nowadays moreemphasis is given on the extension of aus cultivation
throughout the country.

Purpose of the Project

Develop new rice varieties with Higher yield, Early mature,Rain-fed,

Low

input,

Salinity,Drought,

High Temp,

Flood/submerge tolerant

Outputs of the Project

Finally about 15 advanced promising mutant lines are
selected form carbon ion beam and gamma induced
population of B11 and Lombur rice land races. Most of them
are selected for higher yield, early & late maturity, lodging
resistant, draught tolerant and suitable for cultivation in rain
feed condition, photoperiod insensitive, bold grain and also
long grain and fine grain. Most of them are suitable for both
cultivation in Aus and Aman seasons.

Project outcomes/

Two promising advanced lines with higher yield, early lodging

achievements

resistant, draught tolerant, photoperiod insensitive and(Please include economic

suitable for cultivation in rain feed condition, sent for

impact and publication if any)regional/multiplication trials.

Factors not considered in theTraining for young scientist may have better outcomes for theplanning process that may

project.

have led to better outcomes
for the project.
Factors during project

Covid-19 pandemic is inhibiting/inhibited our planned

implementation that inhibitedschedule of research activities outputs and outcomes.

outcomes for the project.
Lessons learned from theSelection of mutant lines/varieties with desire agronomic traitProjectfrom carbon ion beam irradiated population of rice.

Recommendations to ensure

Ensure cultivation of new mutant varieties at grasssustainability of projectroot/farmer levels with the help of agriculture extension

outcomes

peoples

Future direction, such asContinuation

continuation, change/
revision, termination
Special Notes

FNCA mutation breeding project helping us to develop newrice varieties with desire agronomic traits Carbon and carbon
ion beam irradiation facility under FNCA project also open a
new window in our mutation breeding research activities. We
released three rice varieties under this project to farmers
named BINA Dhan-14, BINA Dhan-18 and BINA Dhan-19 are
now very very popular.

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Breeding New Rice Varieties for Sustainable
Agriculture under Climate ChangeCountry & Name of Project

China, Qingyao Shu

Leader:Background of the Project

Rice is the most important major staple food crop in China,
its sustainable production is of pivotal importance to foodsecurity, environment protection and overall welfare in
China, particularly under climate change. To achievesustainable rice production in the historical process of
rapid urbanization under climate change in China, it isnecessary to breed new varieties with increased
performance (yield, quality and tolerance to biotic andabiotic stresses).

Purpose of the Project

The project aims to 1) breed new rice varieties that are
well adapted to rice production under climate changes in
China; 2) develop genetic resources, techniques andmethods that could be used for breeding new varieties
with increased performance (yield, quality and tolerance
to biotic and abiotic stresses) in rice production underclimate change.

Outputs of the Project(1) One hybrid rice variety (i.e. Jiang Liang You 7901) was
officially released for commercial production; (2) Threeherbicide-resistant mutant lines have been developed andbeing used in production; (3) Genomic variations inducedby high energy ion beams have been identified andelucidated; (4) One mutant gene has been cloned.

Project outcomes/

The project has increased rice productivity in Zhejiang

achievements

and neighboring areas in China and laid basis for(Please include economic

generating economic impact soon; The findings ofimpact and publication if any)

genomic variations induced by high energy ion beams
deepen understanding of mutation induction.

Factors not considered in the

Mutation induction is always very much dependent onplanning process that may“luckiness” because the mutation frequency is very low. In

have led to better outcomes

this project, we failed to identify mutant resistant to afor the project.

number of diseases.

Factors during project
implementation that inhibitedoutcomes for the project.
Lessons learned from theProject
Recommendations to ensure

More efforts will be invested to expand the use of mutant

sustainability of projectvariety so to generate more impact.

outcomes
Future direction, such as

Mutation techniques will be used when appropriate incontinuation, change/

practical breeding.

revision, termination
Special Notes

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Soybean Improvement through Induced Mutations andRelated Biotechnology

Country & Name of ProjectIndonesia

Leader:Sobrizal

Background of the Project

Soybean is one of the main crops for food and industry
in Indonesia. As the main source of plant-based protein,soybean has the highest priority after rice and corn interms of food security. In the last decade, national
soybean production was relatively low. The national
soybean production was 986,000 tons from a harvested
area of 785,500 ha in 2017 and it was 995,000 tons witha harvested area of 790,000 ha in 2018. This figures
were below from the national demand which is estimatedto reach 2.8 million tons per year, which lead to an
inevitable imports of soybeans.
To increase soybean production through plant breeding
programs, a wide genetic diversity of plants is needed as
the basic in selection activities to obtain genotypes thathave the desired character. One method to increase thegenetic diversity of soybeans is the application of induced
mutations. The use of induced mutations has contributed
significantly to the release of more than 2700 mutant
plants worldwide, both in plants propagated throughseeds and vegetatively. The combination of mutation
techniques and biotechnology to support selection can
increase efficiency in plant breeding.

Purpose of the Project

The project of soybean breeding aims to obtain- improvement of yield potential in abiotic stress, suchas dryland and acid soil
- improvement of agronomic characters, such as earlymaturity and characters related to yield component- improvement of seed quality, such as seed size andseed nutrition

Outputs of the ProjectHigh yielding soybean varieties

Project outcomes/- Increase farmer's income

achievements- Contribute to soybean availability for food and industry

(Please include economic
impact and publication if any)

Unfortunately, we have no data for real economic impact.

Factors not considered in the

Dissemination of new varieties has not been carried out

planning process that may

to farmers maximally.

have led to better outcomes
for the project.
Factors during project

The government's policy to import soybeans from abroad

implementation that inhibitedcauses the increase in domestic soybean productivity tooutcomes for the project.

be very slow.

Lessons learned from the

The involvement of stakeholders from various sector is

Projectneeded to achieve the expected outcomes.

Recommendations to ensuresustainability of project
outcomes
Future direction, such as

Soybean breeding is important to increase thecontinuation, change/

production and and greater resilience to climate change.

revision, termination
Special Notes

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Mutation Breeding-Ion beam breeding research for development of useful crop
genetics resourcesCountry & Name of Project-Republic of Korea

Leader:-Si-Yong Kang

Background of the Project

Establishment of new creating methods of useful mutants
using various radiation sources is important for thedevelopment of genetic resources. It is necessary to
elucidate differences in the effects on mutations among
gamma ray, heavy ion and proton radiations.

Purpose of the Project

To increase ion beam breeding research in Korea, it isnecessary to study basic research of proton irradiation (e.x,
100 MeV, KOMAC) of plant materials as well as to set new
beam line of 200 MeV heavy ion accelerator (RAON).

Outputs of the Project-identified proper irradiation condition and bio-effects ofproton beam on main plant species-compared the mutation induction rate and molecularmechanism with other radiations

Project outcomes/

Two research papers related to proton beam breeding

achievements

conducted by our research team were published in two(Please include economic

international journals in 2021.

impact and publication if any)
Factors not considered in theplanning process that may
have led to better outcomes
for the project.
Factors during project

The heavy ion beam accelerator (RAON) was planned to be

implementation that inhibitedcompleted in 2021, but it has been delayed.

outcomes for the project.
Lessons learned from theProject
Recommendations to ensure

In the category of mutation breeding research, it is necessary

sustainability of projectto set up various research titles to meet the researchoutcomesconditions and needs of the participating countries.

Future direction, such asContinuation

continuation, change/
revision, termination
Special Notes

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Mutation Breeding of Major Crops for Low-input Sustainable
Agriculture Under Climate ChangeCountry & Name of

Malaysia

Project Leader:

Dr Sobri Hussein

Background of theThis project is initiated with 4 different types of variety (MR 219, MR 211,

Project

Pongsu Seribu2 & MR264) as starting material. The project on ricemutation breeding for sustainable agriculture is progressing well as perscheduled. Nuclear Malaysia managed to produce 12 most potential
mutant lines through ion beam (irradiated at AVF-Cyclotron at the
National Institute of Quantum Science and Technology) and gamma
radiation. Three mutant lines (MINT 1, MINT 2, MINT 3, MINT 4, MINT
5, MINT 6, MINT 7, MINT 8, MINT 9 7 NMR191) were produced throughion beam radiation while another 2 mutant lines (NMR151 and NM152)
were derived from gamma radiation. On 29 Jan 2021, the Malaysia’s

Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industries (MAFI) have certified
NMR152 as national new rice variety after NMR152 undergone thestrict technical evaluation by the technical committee BKKIPB (Ref
no: MDI/PR/JKTBKKIPB/P/2021(14)). Due to the great reputationand high demand from the farmers, NMR152 was officially launchedby the honorable Prime Minister of Malaysia on 20 November 2021.
With the launching, the mutant rice variety - NMR 152, is now
officially named after the name of the 9th Prime Minister of Malaysia
as ‘IS21’ (Ismail Sabri 2021) .
Purpose of the

1. To evaluate advanced mutant lines of rice with low agriculture

Project

input.
2. To develop new mutant rice that tolerates the global climatechange.
3. To obtain certification for NMR151 & NMR152 & NMR 191.
4. To produce the best agronomy package for the farmers.

Outputs of theGovernment of Malaysia through MOSTI has awarded RM
2,021,200.00 million research grant to further develop rice

Project

mutation breeding project (Project code RD0120A1407-2020).


Two mutant lines were successfully granted with Certificate ofRegistration of New Plant Variety and Grant of Breeder’s Right by
Department of Agriculture Malaysia in Feb 2020 with registration
number; PBR0156 (for NMR152) and PBR 0159 (for NMR151).

Documentation of Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) forCertified Seed in Malaysia. (Still in progress)

Publications:
Hasan, N. A.1,2*, Mohd, Y. R.2,3, Harun, A. R.4, Faiz, A.4, Sobri,
H.4 and Yusof, S.4.Screening of phenotypic performance, drought,
and salinity tolerance in the mutagenized population of Oryza sativa
cv. MR219 generated through ion beam irradiation.International
Journal of Agricultural Technology. Vol. 17(5):1735-1752. 2021.
N A Hasan1,2,*, M Y Rafii2,3, A R Harun4 , F Ahmad4 , N N Jaafar2
and A I Akmal Shukri2Agro-morphological response of rice (Oryza
sativa L.) (cv MR 284) to chronic gamma irradiation. IOP Conf.
Series: Earth and Environmental Science 756 (2021) 012009 IOP
Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/756/1/012009.
Zarifth S,K., Mohd Rafii Y., Mahmud T, M, M.,Mohd R, I. & Abdul
Rahim H. Growth Performance and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ofAdvanced Mutant Rice Genotypes Under Drought Stress Condition.
Agronomy 2018, 8, 279; doi:10.3390/agronomy8120279.
Oladosu Y, A. Genotype-Environment Interaction and Stability
Analyses in Advanced Rice Mutants forGrain Yield and Straw

Qualit. University Putra Malaysia. PhD Thesis 2018.
Asma I,K. Yield Physico-Chemical and Nutritional Characteristics of
MR219 Rice Mutants and Their Effects on Glycemic Index and
Responses in BALB/c Mice. University Putra Malaysia. Master of
Science Thesis 2018.
Sobri Bin Hussein1, Abdul Rahim Bin Harun1, Shakinah Binti Salleh1,
Khairuddin Bin Abdul Rahim1, Faiz Bin Ahmad1, Phua Choo Kwai Hoe1,
Shyful Azizi Bin Abdul Rahman1, Ahmad Nazrul A.W 1, Latiffah Binti
Nordin1, Atsushi Tanaka2, Anna Ling Pick Kiong3, Mohd Rafii Bin
Yusop4, Kogeethavani R5. Mutation Breeding of Rice for Sustainable
Agriculture in Malaysia. 15- 19 Oct 2017. Kyrenia Cyprus.

Project outcomes/

Achievements:

achievements(Please include
economic impact andAwarded gold medal in Nuclear Malaysia Technology
Preview & Showcase 2021

Awarded Director General Special Award 2021(Nuclear
Malaysia Technology Preview & Showcase 2021)

publication if any)

IAEA Award_Outstanding Achievement Award 2021



FNCA Award_ Breakthrough Prize 2021

Impact

NMR152 successfully increased the farmers’ income between 40%
to 50% in Peninsular Malaysia.



Increase factory income up to 3.8% (Sykt HMN (M) Sdn Bhd).



Upon registration of NMR152 as certified seed with Ministry ofAgriculture and Food Industries (MAFI) that signified the inclusionof the mutant variety into National Subsidy Scheme, approximately
50,000 farmers in the country were benefited from this FNCA
project.

This project was invited to participate in the flood relief mission ineast coast of Malaysia. As a result, mutant variety successfullyincreased the farmers’ income between 50% to 80%.

Farmers received high quality seed as an outcome of researchcollaboration between Malaysian Nuclear Agency and Industrial
partners (Innovation technology from both parties).

High demand from the local farmer's due to officially launchby the honorable Prime Minister of Malaysia.

Economic impact

Total sale for 2020 : RM 1.30 Million
Total sale for 2021: RM 2.45 Million
Online Media
https://www.bernama.com/bm/am/news.php?id=1942919
https://www.bernama.com/en/news.php?id=1943052
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zn_bEVByra0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqOg7NufC58
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hxHYlE_8a6c
https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/11/747049/pm-localresearchers-mobilise-efforts-agro-foodinnovation?fbclid=IwAR03s210r0vueNEU6rRlWrHmI2CazkQJmSWin2W__NQ8T6KNKxCl-9MeGY
https://bit.ly/30MukHG?fbclid=IwAR3DlbPvbrji1EXQYlaf1NoRAErlMarntuThiEU8CPdGbtWn8BpP4tBj6E
https://www.utusan.com.my/terkini/2021/11/pm-lancar-benih-padiis21-berdaya-tahan-produktiviti-tinggi/
https://www.utusan.com.my/gaya/2020/07/beras-teknologi-nuklear/https://www.hmetro.com.my/amp/mutakhir/2021/11/779463/bakapadi-baharu-is21-mampu-tingkatkan-pengeluaran-padi-negara

https://www.hmetro.com.my/amp/mutakhir/2021/11/779462/masalah-pesawah-dan-petani-adalah-masalah-kerajaan-pm
https://www.sinarharian.com.my/ampArticle/173485
https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/kenaikan-harga-bajadan-racun-kjaan-bantu-kurangkan-beban-pesawah-petani-pm331892?amp=1
https://umno-online.my/2021/11/20/kenaikan-harga-baja-danracun-kjaan-bantu-kurangkan-beban-pesawah-petani-pm/amp/
https://www.thesundaily.my/local/govt-to-help-alleviate-burdens-offarmers-pm-updated-FM8583474
https://www.thevibes.com/articles/news/47677/govt-to-ensurereduced-fertiliser-pesticide-prices-ismail-sabri
Factors notThe availability of man power during covid-19 pandemic andconsidered in the

Natural disaster such as the country worst flood on Dec

planning process that2021.

may have led tobetter outcomes forthe project.
Factors during
project
implementation that
inhibited outcomes• Much of the research work was affected due to Covid-19
pandemic.
• The farming activities particularly in large scale plantations thathighly rely on foreign workers were affected due to MCO

for the project.

(Malaysian movement control order 2020 - 2021).

• Certification of other new potential varieties in the pipeline would
still require long period.
• The project requires much more research fund in order to releasenew rice variety.
• Global climate change is one of the major challenges in thesustainable agriculture in rice mutation breeding.
• Field

trials/evaluationsaresubjected

to

rice

growingseason/schedule in all granary areas.
• Major plant disease such as Pyricularia oryzae , Xanthomonas
oryzae pv. Oryzae, Nilaparvata lugens and stem borer stillaffecting rice industry in Malaysia (2020-2021).
Lessons learned fromthe Project

Climate change and natural disaster is fuelling a decline in rice
crop productionLacking of new varieties in the market

Insufficient supply of high quality seeds

Certification of new variety required long periodAt leat 5 to 10 years is required to produce new rice variety



Huge amount of research fund is required to produce newvariety (RM1 Million to RM 5 Million)

Recommendations to

The most potential lines such as NMR151 and NMR 191 should beensure sustainability

verified by rice technical committee members and related agencies toof project outcomescomplete registration procedures before release to the farmers as oneof the national varieties.

Future direction, suchMoving forward, Malaysia Nuclear Agency will continue with its

as continuation,

efforts in obtaining the approval and registration of other potentialchange/ revision,

mutant lines (NMR151 and NMR191) as the national new ricetermination

variety.
The project has addressed the national agenda and policy ingetting new rice variety that resistance to biotic and abiotic stressfor sustainable production and increase well being and livelihoodof the farmers.



In view that there are still many other potential mutant lines thatcan be further developed, the efforts of mutation breeding should
be continued as it remains relevant in the area of plant breedingand has been proven to be able to create variation within a cropvariety.

Special Notes

Global climate change is one of the major challenges in the sustainableagriculture in Malaysia. This project have highly impacted the socioeconomic status of the farmers as the mutant rice are adaptable tocurrent global climate change conditions while have proven to increase
the yield and income of the farmers.

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Improvement of major crops throughlow input Sustainable agriculture underclimate change in Mongolia

Country & Name of Project

Mongolia, Bayarsukh. NoovLeader:Background of the Project

Mongolia is experiencing dramatic climate change. Last
70 years the absolute air temperature raised by 2.10C andthe precipitation decreased in Mongolia. By the year 2020
the average air temperature will raise by 2.2-3.00C and in
further 25 years warming will intensify by two times andevaporation increase by seven to ten times. Due to theabove changes the yield potential of existing plantvarieties reduced due to climate change, the croppingzone boundaries has been changing towards North,pest and disease distribution, frequency increased andsoil erosion and degradation increased, respectively.
The wheat is dominant crop and cultivated in about 80%
of agricultural land in Mongolia. In Mongolia, the breedingof high potential wheat varieties was always major subject
in breeding program. During 50 years of study the over 90
cereals crop varieties developed including 72 varieties ofspring wheat, nine-durum wheat, four of oats and 2
common millet varieties. Among them a new spring wheat
varieties Orkhon, Khalkh Gol –1, Darkhan-34, Darkhan74, Darkhan-144, Darkhan-131 and the barley variety
Alag-Erdene, Burkhant-1 and common millet Burgaltai are
officially certified and commercialized.
Barley is second cultivar planting after wheat in Mongolia.
Mostly used for animal feed, brewing beer and humanconsumption. There we need to develop short duration
varieties adapted Mongolian condition.
The application of mutation breeding technique inMongolia has conducted since 1970s at the Institute of
Plant and Agricultural Science (IPAS). The mutation
breeding mainly focuses on the development of new
mutant wheat varieties and barley, rapeseed and ricemutant on enhancement of wheat genetic diversity forbreeding.
Through mutation breeding Mongolia increased volume ofwheat mutant lines with target improving traits anddeveloped number of new mutant varieties Darkhan-172,
Darkhan-173 transferred to state variety test for registry
and Darkhan-141 officially registered as promising new
variety.
The existing commercial wheat varieties have not good
grain quality, drought tolerance, and disease and pests
resistance and cannot sustain stable yield under climatechange. The induced-mutation considered useful efficient
tool for the improvement specific plant traits like yield,
stress tolerance, disease resistance, quality and increase
breeding efficiency. Thus, development of early maturity,
drought and heat tolerant wheat varieties with potential
stable yield under changing climate condition throughapplication of mutation techniques has needed for stable
food production.
Purpose of the Project

Improvement of major crops productivity and droughttolerance through application of mutation technique
combined biotechnology and marker assisted selection
following tasks identified:-Enhancement of genetic diversity in wheat, barley
through application of mutation techniques-

Development of high yielding, drought tolerance,
disease resistant wheat and barley varieties

Outputs of the Project

To develop new varieties of crops by mutation breading
using gamma rays and ion beams (high yields using lessfertilizer

andchemicals)

resistancetovariousenvironmental stress, e.g. diseases, insects, drought,
flood, etc.
Project outcomes/

The improved new mutagen source for mutation breeding

achievementsof Mongolia, such as ion beam (He 50MeV, Carbon 320(Please include economic

MeV) mutagen. Totally, 1917 rows of 60 progenies planted

impact and publication if any)in M2-M4 for the breeding initial materials. In 2021, the ion
beam treatment applied at the Department of RadiationApplied

Biology

Research,

National

InstitutesforQuantum and Radiological Science and Technology
Japan. We received seeds after sowing.
According to the biometrical measurements taken in theM2 generation, the growth period of Darkhan-144 15Gy
dose variant was 3 days earlier than control, in Omskaya36 100Gy was 2 day earlier than control.
Yield increased by 25.0g in the 100Gy dose (helium ion
beam treatment) of Omskaya-36 variety. Other mutant
progenies could not pass control by yield. 100Gy dose of
Omskaya-36 variety productive stem is higher thancontrol. Seed number per spike of Toboliskaya 125 Gy
variant increased by 6.
According to the biometrical measurements taken in theM3 generation, the growth period of 20Gy dose of
Omskaya-36 variety was 2 days earlier than control, othermutant progenies were similar to control. Plant height isfluctuated 83-111 cm. All doses of ion beam treatment ofToboliskaya variety plant height reduced by 7-16 cm.
Productive stem number of Darkhan-144 20Gy variant
was higher (by 12) than control.

Also yield of thisprogeny was high (by 14 g higher than control). In 20Gy
dose of Toboliskaya variety seed number per spike washigher than control and seed weight per spike also higher
than control variety.
The 363 spikes 42 plants and 95 rows selected by the
spike form, maturity, and stress tolerance and transferredto the next level study.
In 2021, at the agronomy trail we are studied 10 mutant
lines of early, mid and mid-late maturity. AL-647, AL-649
mutant lines matured by 5 days earliar than check variety
Darkhan-144 and gave higher yield by 0.4-3.1 t/ha.
In the yield trial, two mutant lines including early maturity
Darkhan-225 and mid maturity variety Darkhan-234. The
1000 kernel weight and seed volume weight of mutant
advanced line Darkhan-225 were higher than control
Darkhan-131 variety. Mid late maturity mutant advanced
line Darkhan-234 were high 1000 kernel weight thancontrol Darkhan-34 variety.
Factors not considered in theThrough this project Mongolia could increase volume ofplanning process that may

mutant lines with target improved traits and this ishave led to better outcomes

important achievement for Mongolia.

for the project.

Also we are improved to Mongolian mutation breedingnew mutagenesis, such as carbon and helium ion beammutagens.
Factors during project

Mongolia doesn’t have irradiation facility and physicalimplementation that inhibited

mutation induction very much dependent on theoutcomes for the project.

international collaboration. Thanks to our colleague fromJapan for great help for irradiation our seed materials
duringproject

implementation

period.

However,international transportation and customs clearance of
seed materials became more difficult these days. In
particular, in 2020 we are not able to send any seed forirradiation because of the COVID19 pandemic outbreak.
The strong financial support is needed from government
to implement successful mutation breeding.
Lessons learned from theProject
Recommendations to ensuresustainability of project
outcomes
Future direction, such as

Future direction of mutation breeding of Mongolia willcontinuation, change/

continuerevision, termination

biotechnology under the Cereal crop breeding researchmutation

breeding

incombination

withproject funded by the Science and Technology Fund ofMongolia by the financial support.
Special Notes

We are very much appreciating the ion beam irradiation
service provided by the Department of Radiation-Applied
Biology Research, National Institutes for Quantum andRadiological Science and Technology Japan. We would
like to request Japan to continue this service to member
states.

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Development of Rice Varieties Adapted to Adverse Rice
Environments Through Induced Mutation

Country & Name of Project

Philippines

Leader:Nenita V. Desamero/Christopher C. Cabusora

Background of the Project

Climate change poses a huge threat in Philippine rice
agriculture.

Changesinclimatepatterns,

causesphenomena leading to yield losses amounting to billions
of pesos. Climate resilient rice varieties are one of thelong-term solutions considered to mitigate these losses
due to climate change. The project utilizes various plant
breeding strategies, such as induced mutation techniques
to generate and develop rice lines, and eventuallyvarieties, with durable and multiple tolerance to adverse
growing conditions.
Purpose of the ProjectTo generate rice varieties with single of combined
tolerance to climate change-related environmental
stresses (drought, saline, submergence, hightemperature).

Outputs of the Projecta. 33 Released rice varieties adapted to rainfeddrought prone and saline-prone rice ecosystems.


2 Varieties developed from seed mutation by
gamma ray

4 Varieties developed from induced mutation
through anther culture

1 Variety developed from somaclonal induced
variation through tissue (seed) culture

1 Variety developed from combining tissue
culture and gamma irradiation (in vitro
mutagenesis)

25 Varieties developed from conventional
breeding

b. Breeding lines as novel sources of genes for traits
important to rice breeding.



206 lines for combined abiotic tolerance (drought,
saline, submergence)

4 doubled haploid lines for resistance to ricetungro disease

Project outcomes/

Disseminated saline tolerant rice varieties toachievements

regions of the Philippines experiencing sea water(Please include economic

intrusion, and drought tolerant varieties to rainfed

impact and publication if any)regions.


Publications:
Enhancing Phenotypic and Genetic Variability inDrought-Tolerant

Traditional

Rice

Variety

Salumpikit Through In Vitro Mutagenesis
Rice-Based Biosystems Journal, Vol. 6: 1-11,
February 2020.
Enhanced Yield and Yield Component Traits of
the Mutants Derived from Rice cv. Samba
Mahsuri-Sub1 and Pokkali Through Induced
Mutation
Global Scientific Journals (GSJ), Vol. 7, Issue 6,
649-653.
Characterization of a Novel Floral Mutation
Induced by Gamma Irradiation of Philippine Rice
Variety NSIC Rc9
International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural
Research2012 Vol. 8, No. 1, 00 43-55, December 2020.
Diversity Assessment of the Traditional Rice
Varieties Collected in Northwest Luzon
Rice-Based Biosystems Journal, Vol. 8, pp. 8594, February 2021.
Field Performance of Improved Somaclones
from In vitro Culture Rice Variety PSB Rc 68
Under Complete Submergence
Rice Based-Biosystems Journal, Volume 9, pp.
63-74, August 2021.

Factors not considered in theBudget streamlining

planning process that mayMore investments in molecular-based

have led to better outcomescharacterization/research

for the project.
Factors during project

COVID-19 Pandemic

implementation that inhibitedCommunity Lockdowns

outcomes for the project.

Mandatory quarantines

Lessons learned from theImplementation of the project without

Project

compromising the safety and health of thepeople involved/working in the project.

Recommendations to ensurePromotion of stress tolerant varieties

sustainability of project

Sustainable and sufficient funding

Molecular research: gene mapping, gene

outcomes
Future direction, such ascontinuation, change/
revision, termination

sequencing
On-site validation/screening of generated
breeding lines.

Special Notes

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Program: Rice Breeding for Flood Prone Areas
Project: Rice Breeding for Flash-flood Tolerance

Country & Nameof Project Leader:

Thailand / Peera Doungsoongnern, Malinee Chanwan,
Nila Rasidee, Udompan Kalasi

Background of
the Project

The flood-risk rice growing area of Thailand is approximately 62,246 hectares.
(Chinucha et al., 2014). The pattern of flooding could be divided into 2 types offlood. The first is prolonged deep flooding, and the second is flash flood, whichfeatures a short period flooding (1-2 weeks). While deep water flood is fairly
predictable, flash flood is extremely unpredictable and may occur at any stage of rice
growth especially at vegetative period. Thus, submergence tolerance in rice is highly
desirable and expected to enhance food security. The submergence tolerance of rice
plants refers to the ability of rice to survive submersion. After the water recedes backto normal. The rice plant can recover and be able to grow and yield.

Purpose of the
Project

To create lines/varieties that have flash flood resistance, high yield potential, good
grain quality, desirable market characteristics for both consumption and processing,and suitable harvesting period for the flooded rice fields of Thailand.

Outputs of the
Project

Seventy hundred twenty (720) lines of nine parents/varieties (4,500 lines) aremutant rice lines. The lines are submergence tolerant line under artificial ponds
flood submerge (4 times) during M4 to M7.

Project outcomes/
achievements(Please include
economic impact
and publication if
any)
Factors notconsidered in theplanning processthat may have led
to betteroutcomes for the
project.
Factors during
project

Twenty-two elite lines were experimented On-Station Yield Trial (paddy field).
The average yield is about 3,002 kg/ha and nine lines had yielded more than parent(ck.). RD31-B-390-3-4B brought highest yield (3,870 kg/ha).

In-depth study of genetics will help to understand and increase research success.

Lack of continuity in supporting research budgets.
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implementationthat inhibited
outcomes for the
project.
Lessons learned
from the ProjectTo acquire skills, techniques, and methods with high efficiency to use in assessing
the flood resistance of rice in different generations.

Recommendations to ensuresustainability of
project outcomes

Take the test at a higher level in many conditions at risk of flash flooding toconfirm the results of the previous preliminary experiment. This will lead to theselection of species that are well adapted in a variety of areas. before propagating
to farmers.

Future direction,such ascontinuation,change/ revision,
termination
Special Notes-

Working with FNCA, we had the opportunity to use a mutation induction techniqueusing electron beam for the development of flood-resistant rice varieties. It is a
new method that yields different results from the previous method, resulting inexperience and continual development of work. The method is expected to be able
to successfully develop rice varieties in accordance to the objectives of thisresearch project.

2

Mid-term Report of the Project(Summary of the Project performance and result)
Project Title

Improvement of rice and groundnut varieties throughmutantation breeding in Vietnam

Country & Name of Project

Vietnam- Le Duc Thao

Leader:Background of the Project

Vietnam has achievements in breeding mutant plantvarieties for production applications. The application of
mutations to creat population of new materials has been
identified as an important technique.

Purpose of the Project

Creating the materials mutant lines of the rice and peanut
for breeding

Outputs of the Project- 50 promising line for rice
- 10 promising line for peanut

Project outcomes/- Selected 82 mutant rice lines in the M4 generationachievements- Selected 27 mutant peanut lines in the M5 generation(Please include economic- 01 article

impact and publication if any)
Factors not considered in theLack of continuity, regularity of research funding

planning process that may
have led to better outcomes
for the project.
Factors during project
implementation that inhibited

Limited research funding

outcomes for the project.
Lessons learned from the

To need closure combination of traditional breeding andProject

biotechnology for more effective in breeding.

Recommendations to ensure

Often after the end of the project, the team has difficulties

sustainability of projectto maintain and continue to evaluate the materials. FNCA

outcomes

project should have a small budget to support groups toensure continuity of activities.

Future direction, such as

The project has not ended and we will continue screening

continuation, change/

to select new varieties, and in 2022, we continue torevision, termination

irradiate on peanuts, oranges and soybeans.

Special Notes