Bangladesh
Attachment IIICountry Report

FNCA Progress Report1
Participating Country: BANGLADESHFNCA Sub-project Title: Improvement of Composition or Quality in Rice.
Sub-project Title of Bangladesh:
Induced mutation for higher protein, amylose and yield in salt tolerant rice landraces bygamma irradiation.
Abstract
Four salt tolerant rice landraces were collected from two coastal districts of Bangladesh and theirprotein content were estimated along with IR 64 following micrio-Kjeldahl method. The protein
content ranged from 7.90 to 9.94% while it was 8.06 for IR 64. M1 plants of these salt tolerant rice
were raised in the field from gamma irradiated (350 Gy) seeds in boro season (December, 07–May,08). Mutated M1 plants of Morichshail (early maturing and blackish panicle) were harvested separately
while M1 plants of each population were harvested separately in bulk and were grown separately as M2
populations in the following aman season (July-December, 2008). In addition, seeds of two salt
tolerant rice Ashfal and Moricshail were also irradiated this year (aman, 2008) with 350 Gy gamma
ray and M1 plants were grown in the field. Optimization of media composition for in vitro regenerationof plants from mature seeds has been established. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with
2.0 mg-l 2,4-D was found suitable for induction of callus while 2.0 BA + 0.2 NAA (mg-l) appeared bestfor regeneration of shoot from callus. IBA at a concentration of 0.5 mg-l in MS medium was foundoptimum for rooting of shoot. Irradiated seeds of salt tolerant rice Takshoyl were also used for in vitroorganogenesis and 16 green plants of the said variety are now growing in the pot with vigor.

1

Report presented in the FNCA Mutation Breeding Workshop held in Da Lat, Vietnam from 27-31 October,
2008.

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ChinaBreeding of Low Amylose Content in China

Luo Ju, Hu Peisong, Tang Shaoqing, Jiao Guiai, Shao Gaoneng
National Rice Improvement Center,
China-IRRI Joint Research Center on Rice Quality and Nutrition,
China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China

Abstract
Rice mutation breeding of low amylose content (LAC) in China had been started since 2006.
Nineteen collected restorers, as CR10, CR17, CR128, CR86, CR501, had been irradiatedusing gamma ray with doses of 250 for LAC breeding. Selections were conducted in M2
populations with desirable agronomic traits and 578 M2 lines were obtained in 2007. 435 M3lines were primary analyzed for low amylose content with rapid measurement in 2008 and 12
mutant lines from 3 restorers were preserved. Among them, 3 lines crossed with the othervarieties with good quality and 6 crosses were obtained.

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Indonesia
Induced Mutation to Improve Selected Breeding Lines
Derived from an Inter Sub-specific Cross2
Sobrizal3, Carkum2, Winda Puspitasari2, and Masrizal4
Abstract
To meet the Indonesian domestic demand for both rice grain quality and quantity, highvariability of pure lines derived from a cross of Indica rice var. IR36 and Japonica rice var.
Koshihikari were constructed. IR36 is an improved rice variety, tolerance to various pests anddiseases, and adapted well in Indonesian rice growing areas. Whereas, Koshihikari is a very
popular Japanese variety and known having good cooking and edibility with low amylose
content. As much as 568 pure lines derived from this cross were selected, and among them
two lines, KI 237 and KI 432 were irradiated by 200 Gy gamma ray to induced mutation forimprovement of some undesirable characters of these lines. Both KI 237 and KI 432 havehigh yield potentials, but susceptible to lodging for KI 237 and late maturity for KI 432.
Selections were conducted in M2 populations with emphasize on plant height for population
derived from irradiated KI 237 and days to heading for population derived from KI 432.
Selections and purifications were continued in M3 generation and finally, one dwarf M3 line,
two semi-dwarf M3 lines, and one early maturity M3 line were selected. Five hundreds ofunselected M3 lines are also maintained in order to preparing plant materials for screening ofamylose contents. Purification will be continued, and screening of amylose contents and othercharacters related to grain quality will be conducted in M5 generation. The lines with various
content of amylose would be useful as genetic resources for improvement of grain quality tomeet the wide preference variability of consumers. Besides, 5000 F5 lines derived from across of Diah Suci / Pandan Wangi were also constructed. Selections of these lines foragronomical characters and performance in the field will be conducted in M6 generation.

2

Presented at The 2008 FNCA Mutation Breeding Workshop, Dalat, Vietnam.
National Nuclear Energy Agency, Center for the Application of Isotopes and Radiation, Jl. Cinere Pasar Jumat
P. O. Box 7002 JKSKL, Jakarta 12070 Indonesia.
4State Ministry for Research and Technology, BPPT Building 7th fl., Jl. M.H. Thamrin No. 8, Jakarta 10340,Indonesia.
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JapanCountry Report
Minoru NishimuraInstitute of Radiation Breeding
National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
2425 Kamimurata, Hitachi-ohmiya 319-2293, JapanAbstract
The mutant strains of Koshihikari obtained by gamma ray irradiation and EMS treatment wereselected and backcrossed with Koshihikari to eliminate the undesirable characters except thelow amylose trait. After raising F1 and F2 generation, we investigated F3’s agronomic
characters and amylose content. The amylose content varied from 2.5% to 10.0%, but ingeneral, most of these strains had amylose content of 5% or less. The investigations of culm
length among original mutants and F3 lines showed that five mutant lines were shorter thanthe original variety, but in two F3 lines the culm length became closer to Koshihikari.
Three rice varieties, namely Hitomebore, Akitakomachi and Nipponbare were irradiated withgamma rays and an ion beam. The respective M1 generations have been cultivated and theirM2 grains were currently screened for the glutinous and semi-glutinous mutants and six
mutants with low amylose contents were newly selected.

4Malaysia
Mutation Breeding for Varietal Improvement of Irrigated
Rice under Minimal Water Conditions
1Abdul Rahim Harun, 2Abdullah Mat Zin, 3Prof. Dr. Marziah Mahmood,
4Kamaruddin Dahuli & 1Rusli Ibrahim
1Malaysian Nuclear Agency (Nuclear Malaysia)
2Malaysian Agriculture Research And Development Institute (MARDI)
3Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
4Muda Agriculture Development Authority (MADA)
Abstract
This is a national multi-institutional project originally proposed to screen for new mutant
varieties of rice under minimal water requirement with improved quality characters such as
resistance to blast disease and high yield. Seeds of two potential genotypes of popularvarieties, MR211 and MR219 had been irradiated using gamma rays with doses of 50, 100,150, 200, 300, 400 and 500Gy. Radiosensitivity tests for both genotypes had been carried outand LD50 observed based on growth reduction of seedlings after irradiation were 370Gy for
MR211 and 470Gy for MR219. Effective doses selected for the main experiment based on
LD50 were 300 and 400Gy and seeds were multiplied until M4 generation. A laboratory test
was first carried out to find out the effect of different levels of PEG (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and50%) on seed germination. Maximum tolerance for most of the rice cultivars under minimal
water requirement was observed at 40%. Selected mutants families were screened in the fieldwith minimal water condition in M3 and M4 generations. At present, 38 mutant lines wereselected based on their performance under water stress and will be further tested in the next
M5 generation with other potential agronomic characters such as high yield and low amylose
content.

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The Philippines
Grain Quality Improvement in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Through Induced Mutation Breeding 1/
Lapade, A.G., A.O. Grafia, A.C. Barrida, and F.G. Rivera 2/
Abstract
The general objective of this project is to develop rice mutants with desirable agronomic
characteristics and improved grain quality (increased protein and low to intermediate amylose
contents using radiation induced mutation.
The result of the studies in the M2 and the M3 generations are presented. Rice seeds derived
from the irradiation doses of 200 and 300 Gy were grown in the M2 and M3 generations
including the control and IR64 check variety. Protein content and amylose contents of ricegrains were determined using the semi-micro Kjeldahl and iodine staining methods,
respectively.
Low tillering capacity, reduction in height, early flowering and low percentage sterility in theM2 generations were likewise shown in the M3 generation. The length of panicle and numberof grains per panicle of the selected plants were slightly higher than the control IR72 andIR64 check in the M3 generation planting. The weight of 100 seeds of rice from 200 and 300
Gy was comparable with the control.
Protein content of rice grains at 200 Gy ranged from 6.00 to 8.25% while those at the 300 Gy
ranged from 5.62 to 7.75 %. On the other hand, protein content of IR72 control (7.81 to8.56 %) and IR64 (6.3 to 8.25 %) were comparable with the 200 Gy but slightly higher thanthose at 300 Gy.
Amylose content varied significantly among treatments doses of 200 and 300 Gy.
Intermediate to high amylase content was obtained from 31 samples at 200 Gy and only 22
from 300 Gy. Both IR72 control and R64 check showed intermediate to high amylose
contents. Two samples each from 200 and 300 Gy have low to intermediate amylose content.

1/Paper presented in the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA) 2008
Workshop on Mutation Breeding, October 27 to 31, 2008, Dalat, Vietnam.
2/ Supervising Science Research Specialist and Head, Senior Science ResearchSpecialist, Science Research Specialist II and Science Research Specialist II ofthe Agricultural Research Section, Atomic Research Division, Philippine
Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI), respectively.

6Thailand
Rice Mutation Breeding for Various Grain Qualities in Thailand
Mr. Suniyom Taprab
Present for FNCA Sub-project Meeting “Improvement of Composition or Quality in Rice”
October 27-31, 2008. Dalat City, Vietnam
Abstract
Mutation breeding of LPA rice in Thailand had been started since 2003. I was started on apopular high yielding variety (SPR1) with 200 Gy of gamma ray irradiation. Later, weinduced mutation in another HYV such as RD23, PSL2, CNT1 and CNT80. In 2004, 619 M3LPA mutant lines of SPR1 were derived and continuously selected for desirable agronomic
traits in advance generation to M6. Three advanced homozygous lines of those M6 such as
SPR1’03G1Cs-PTT-2-3-3-1-1, SPR1’03G1Cs-PTT-9-6-2-1-1 and SPR1’03G1Cs-PTT-1-8-21-1 are being evaluated for grain yield and quality in various environments. SPR1’03G1CsPTT-2-3-3-1-1 and SPR1’03G1Cs-PTT-9-6-2-1-1 had been analyzed for IP5, IP6 and Fecontents. The results showed lower quantity of IP5, IP6 and total IP in those two mutants thanin original SPR1. Fe content in those two mutants and original SPR1 are almost equal.
Allelism tests (lpa1-1) are being initiated. Currently, we detected 69 M5-LPA lines fromRD23 and 67 M4-LPA lines from PSL2. In addition, M3 seed of CNT1 and CNT80 are being
assayed for phytic acid content.

7Vietnam

Improvement of Combined Aromatic Riceby Using Mutation and Related Techniques
Le Xuan Tham1, T. T. Phuong2, N. T. T. Hien2 and H. Q. Cua2
1
Bureau of Science & Technology, Lamdong Province
2
Bureau of Agriculture & RD, Soctrang Province
Abstract
Under FNCA Program, in Vietnam during 2007-2008, some groups of breeders and biologists
continue effective collaborations in efforts for pureline selections under field trials of ricemutants and their crossings with high quality and tolerance in Mekong River Delta (SouthVietnam) and Red River Delta (North Vietnam).
- Dr. Nguyen Thi Lang et al. in Omon Rice Research Institute (Cantho) have selected byMAS and obtained many promising lines for low phytic acid levels at M5-M6 from OM 1490
and OMCS 2000 varieties and screened some local cultivars.
- Dr. Do Khac Thinh et al. in Institute of Agriculture Sciences, South Vietnam havecontinued field trials for some combinations of aromatic rice and mutant lines with wide
adaptability.
- Dr. Le Xuan Tham et al. in Provincial Department of Science & Technology Lamdong
and Provincial Department of Agriculture & Rural Development Soctrang have released somepromising pure lines and combined crossings of aromatic mutant lines in Soctrang Province(by center of Mekong Delta). These combinations of true breeds with special high quality
were awarded National Medals of Labour in 2007-2008 and released for large scale
productions in multilocations. Direct analysis of nutritive ingredients of aromatic ricecombinations (2AP, Fe, P, Zn, Cr,… and protein, amylose), particularly some Red ST
combined lines were shown to offer possible high Fe content germplasms for new varieties
and further breeding.
- Dr. Le Huy Ham et al. in Institute of Agriculture Genetics, Hanoi and other groups inNorth Vietnam have developed some useful markers strictedly related to genes and charactersfor selections of promising mutant lines with high yields and good tolerance to drought andsalinity.

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