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aLavatory Design

DESIGN PROCESS

Veronique Biashikila | Luis Brunell | Geruine Lim | Michael Mok
Griselda Philberta | Tasha Seymour | Nic Wolff
University of Washington - Industrial & Systems Engineering

BACKGROUND
Single-aisle aircrafts allow only the use of provided onboard wheelchairs totransfer wheelchair users in and out of an aircraft. People who use wheelchairs
are not allowed to bring onboard their personal wheelchairs, despite theircircumstances. Additionally, there is no federal requirement that forces airlines toprovide accessible lavatories on single-aisle aircrafts. The lack of space inlavatories to transfer in and out of a wheelchair and to allow a caretaker to assist
in transfers present significant challenges for those who use wheelchairs.

RECOMMENDATIONS*( ;7/7;  PROBLEM STATEMENT    !  "  #$#
%#&  '    (#  )*  +#  , (# !  %   4 ?, 4 ?; 4 8               01  74 5CONSTRAINTS• A 5-year industry project
condensed to 5 months• FAA and Aircraft Carrier AccessAct (ACAA) compliance&  5 +   -.  ' "  6    / " 01+ 2 "  
3
  4 

!   4 +# 01+ 2(  "  7   4 80   No way to lock or unlock door

Locking mechanism incorporated intothe panel which will allow for flightattendant to unlock door from theoutside if necessary

HOW TO USE THE LAVATORYIN CASE OF EMERGENCY9  5 (#  ('  -!.  ' ""   #$#
%#

1. Flight attendant unlocks lavatory door
from the outside by sliding the lock over
2. Push the button to bring out theemergency handle and manually lift updoor7<   4 +  =  2
01+ 2

%(5'*, ;7/7;!&     
+*,+ * <Safety:
Wheelchair as aprojectile

Risk
Identification
SourcesEthical:Ranking
Passenger!  5  $) $ !  / " %# 8
 #$#    

Figure 1: Functional Diagram for
Wheelchair Reservation!  ' >What makes the current
lavatories the leastaccessible?

!  ' %4  ' "  5 !     % -&.  ' "'     (# !9  ' ;#$  "  5 47 4  $ ' : 

Figure 6: Door Lock Mechanism

Figure 7: Safety Opening Mechanism

Lavatory Layout

Wheelchair Accessible Seat

Political:
Government sayNO

What is the most difficult
part about using anaircraft lavatory?

!  +  ' : <CURRENT ISSUESAre you or your family
reluctant or unable to fly
because of a mobility
impairment that requires
the use of a wheelchair?

Security handle which will pop out of
one of the panels and act as a handle
to manually open or close the door

1. Push button to automatically slide out wall
(Optional for those who need the space)
2. Push button to automatically raise door
3. Enter the lavatory
4. Push button to automatically lower door
Slide the locking mechanism to lock door*,' ;7/7;-.  ' "2  4 
8 0   

Social:SpecialTreatment

No way to manually open or close door

&  % 6    0 4 @A<   +# < 2
 +  %4  ; ARISKS

Manufacturability:
Difficult to Produce

No privacy when entering or exiting
the lavatory

Extendable wall to act as a curtain toallow for more privacy and room whentransfering onto/off of the toilet-.  ' "   <Environmental:
Waste from oldlavatories

Foldable panels which would allow formirrors or posters to be incorporated<ASSUMPTIONS

Economic:
Loss of Profit

No room for mirror on inside oflavatory or posters on outside  ' "    4   " 0   -.  ' "   

Enable people with mobility impairments the use of personal wheelchairs in single
aisle aircrafts and aircraft facilities to improve accessibility during air travel.

• Design for Airbus A321
• Infinite budget• Government subsidies and tax
deductions offset lost seat(s)Solutions to Problemsin Final Design7(< ;7/7;People with mobility impairments avoid or cannot travel on airplanes
due to wheelchair restrictions and inaccessible lavatories.

GOAL

Problems withFirst Iteration

ACE Wheelchair Reservation     

Figure 5: Final Design Lavatory Door

Figure 4: First Iteration Lavatory Door

Figure 2: Recommended Plane Layout

Steps to attach a personal wheelchair in the aircraft:
1. Detach aisle and middle seats in front of lavatory
by Door 3
2. Store removed seats in cargo compartment of theplane
3. Passenger using a wheelchair boards with firstpriority & enters aircraft on an airport crane systemthrough Door 3
4. Wheelchair is attached on spot Y43 using
Q’STRAINT’s QRT MAX straps that are attached
onto the existing L-track anchorage aircraft system.
5. Wheelchair Accessible Seat passengers are given
an emergency sling such as ADAPTS Portable
Transfer Sling and further emergency protocols.

Figure 3: ADAPTS Portable Transfer Sling, https://www.adapts.org/Acknowledgements

Dr. Patricia Buchanan - University of Washington
Glenn Johnson - Collins Aerospace
Malcolm & Deborah Cumming

Figure 8: Original Lavatory Layout

Figure 9: First Iteration Lavatory Layout

Figure 10: Final Lavatory Layout

Problems with
Original Layout

Problems withFirst Iteration

Solutions in
Final Design• No room for wheelchairand assistant• No space to transfer• Minimal room tomaneuver in front of toilet• Hard to reach sink forpeople with back issues ormobility impairments• Sink will splash water ontoilet seat

• Place sink in front of thetoilet and in a pop out thatextends outward tomaximize space inside thelavatory

IMPACT

Five major U.S. airlines have 262 A321 models in service. Assuming 50% of airlines
implement the accessible seat, government subsidies and tax deductions can reward
airlines who implement accessible seats therefore enabling fair ticket pricing thatkeeps the average domestic flight cost of $359. With a conservative estimate, anA321 does 2 flights/day, 365 days/year, the opportunity cost of the accessible seat is:(131 planes x 2 flights/day) x 365 days/year x $359/ticket = $34, 331,170/year
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