Innovative Scientific
Solutions, Inc.
innssi.com

Product Catalog

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT

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1.1 SINGLE LUMINOPHORE PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT
1.2 BINARY PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT
1.3 FAST PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT
1.4 TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE PAINTS
1.5 BASE COATINGS
1.6 PAINT STARTER KIT

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21
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2 LED LIGHT SOURCES

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2.1 AIR-COOLED
2.2 WATER-COOLED
2.3 VORTEX-COOLED LEDS
2.4 SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
2.5 LED ACCESSORIES

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30
32
37

3 CAMERAS

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3.1 CCD CAMERAS

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4 SYSTEM INTEGRATION

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4.1 PULSE/DELAY GENERATOR
4.2 CCTV LENS CONTROLLER
4.3 CCTV LENS CONTROLLER (AUTO IRIS)
4.4 CANON® EF/EF-S LENS CONTROLLER
4.5 INTEGRATED EF LENS CONTROLLER
4.6 EF ZOOM LENS CONTROLLER
4.5 PSP/TSP CALIBRATION SYSTEM
4.6 PSP/TSP OPTICS

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5 MOLECULAR IODINE CELLS

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5.1 PERMANENTLY SEALED MOLECULAR IODINE CELL
5.2 MANIFOLD MOLECULAR IODINE CELL

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6 SOFTWARE

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6.1 PROACQUIRE PSP/TSP ACQUISITION SOFTWARE
6.2 OMS-LITE BEGINNER PSP/TSP POST-PROCESSING SOFTWARE
6.3 OMS-PROFESSIONAL ADVANCED PSP/TSP POST-PROCESSING SOFTWARE

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7 PACKAGED SYSTEMS

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6.1 SMALL-SCALE ACADEMIC PSP/TSP SYSTEMS
6.2 LARGE-SCALE COMMERCIAL PSP/TSP SYSTEMS

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8 SURFACE STRESS SENSITIVE FILM

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8.1 MINIATURE S3F SENSOR SYSTEM
8.2 INTERMEDIATE S3F SENSOR SYSTEM
8.3 FOOTSTEPS GAIT ANALYSIS SENSOR SYSTEM
8.4 S3F POINT SENSOR

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9 ORDERING

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ABOUT ISSI
Founded in 1995, Innovative Scientific Solutions Incorporated (ISSI) is an engineering research and development company providing innovative
measurement and instrumentation solutions in the areas of Fluid Dynamics, Aerodynamics, Combustion Analysis, Pressure Sensitive Paint,
Temperature Sensitive Paint, Shear Stress Sensors, timing and control devices and lens control products.
ISSI supports the US Dept. of Defense, NASA, National Institutes of Health, and other federal customers, as well as U.S. industry and academic
laboratories. We work with government and industry laboratories in Europe, Asia, and South America, as well as academic organizations worldwide.
ISSI is located in Dayton, Ohio, USA, home of Wright-Patterson Air Force
Base.
Innovative Scientific Solutions Incorporated
7610 McEwen Road
Dayton, OH, USA 45459-3908
Tel: (937) 630-3012
Fax: (937) 630-3015

Export Policy
ISSI maintains a comprehensive export program in accordance with U.S. export law. Sales outside the U.S. may require an export license depending
on country and end use application. The requirement of an export license is not a guarantee that a license will be granted by the U.S. government.

Disclaimer
Any and all underlying information and technology contained in this document may be subject to U.S. export controls, including the Export
Administration Act (50 U.S.C. 56 §§ 4601-4623) and the Export Administration Regulations ("EAR", 15 CFR Parts 730-774) and may be subject toexport or import regulations in other countries. You are responsible for complying with all trade regulations and laws both foreign and domestic. Except
as authorized by law or distributor agreement with ISSI, you agree and warrant not to export or re-export this information to any country, or to any
person, entity, or end-user subject to U.S. export controls, including without limitation persons or entities listed on the U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of Industry and Security’s Entity List, Denied Person List, and Unverified List and the U.S. Department of Treasury's Specially DesignatedNationals. You further represent and warrant that no U.S. federal agency has suspended, revoked, or denied your export privileges.
Sales outside of the United States may require an export license. Export license determination is dependent on the end use of the item(s), the locationof the end user(s) and the end user(s) themselves. All sales are subject to US Export law.
For questions about the ISSI export compliance policies, contact the Empowered Official, Mr. Steve Palluconi (spalluconi@innssi.com) or the Export
compliance officer, Mr. Grant McMillan (gmcmillan@innssi.com). For further information, please see ISSI’s Terms and Conditions.

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1| Pressure Sensitive Paint
BACKGROUND
Pressure sensitive paints (PSP) are optical sensors for surface pressure measurements. Traditional techniques for measuring surface pressure onmodels are limited to point measurements and to geometries where there is enough space to install them. Installation and instrumentation of a modelwith pressure taps and transducers is often costly due to the machining requirements and the sensors themselves. PSP is not limited by model
geometry. It can measure pressure on model surfaces at every visible point with superior spatial resolution. Much like a paint coating, PSP is applied
to a surface using an HVLP paint gun or airbrush.

A C-5M Super Galaxy Model Painted with Pressure Sensitive Paint (U.S. Air Force Photo)

Most often, PSP is used in wind tunnel research as a validation tool for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of certain flow conditions over amodel of an aircraft. Wind tunnels from small, academic low-speed wind tunnels to large scale transonic research wind tunnels and hypersonic windtunnels have utilized PSP for model testing and validation for over 20 years. Today, PSP continues to be a valuable resource in government andcommercial testing of aircraft, helicopter, automotive, high-speed train, bridge and architectural models and their components. PSP is also utilized asa tool for film-cooling effectiveness measurements in gas turbine engine blade design.

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How Does PSP Work?
A typical PSP is composed of an oxygen-sensitive fluorescent molecule embedded in an oxygen permeable binder. The PSP method is based on thesensitivity of certain luminescent molecules to the presence of oxygen. After application, the PSP is excited with a high-intensity LED, typically a UV
400-nm source. When a luminescent molecule within the PSP absorbs a photon from the LED, it transitions to an excited singlet energy state. The
molecule then recovers to the ground state by the emission of a photon of a longer wavelength (red-shifted). When oxygen can interact with themolecule, the transition to the ground state is non-radiative. This process is known as oxygen quenching. The rate at which these two processes
compete is dependent on the partial pressure of oxygen at the PSP surface. A higher oxygen quenching rate results in a lower intensity of light emitted
from the PSP layer. Conversely, a lower oxygen quenching rate results in a higher intensity of light emitted. The result is an output from a modelsurface of varying intensities based on the local oxygen concentration which is directly correlated to the local barometric pressure. The output fromthe PSP is recorded with a sensitive scientific camera through a long-pass filter which separates the LED excitation from the PSP emission.

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After the images are captured with the camera, they are stored for post-processing. Images are converted from images of intensity variations to imagesof pressure using a previously determined calibration of the same paint type. From there, false color maps are applied to better visualize the pressure
gradients on the model surface. Data can be plotted and compared to pressure taps if present. Typical PSP test are within 5% of the pressure tap
data.

PSP Tests
So, what can PSP do for you? PSP is utilized anywhere from small academic wind tunnels to large-scale commercial and government test facilities todeliver high-resolution pressure measurements for CFD comparison, loads calculations and model validation.

Delta Wing Painted with PSP (Left), PSP Data After Post-Processing (Right)

Wind Tunnel Model Painted with PSP at ARA’s Transonic Wind Tunnel (Left), PSP Data Compared to Pressure Taps (Right)

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Preparation of SLS Rocket Model (Left), SLS Rocket Model Glowing Pink Under UV LEDs (Credit: D. Hart / NASA Ames Research Center)

Film Cooling PSP Setup in Small Wind Tunnel (Left), Film Cooling PSP Results (Right)

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Film cooling effectiveness measurements from traditional gas analysis systems compare very well with measurements obtained using
ISSI’s fluorescent film cooling system. Data Courtesy of Wright & Hahn, Texas A&M

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Available Paint Quantities
Pressure sensitive paints come in a variety of quantities. Standard quantities are 200-, 400-, and 750-ml.

Paints ship in glass jars for application with pneumatic painting guns. Academic paints are available in aerosol spray cans for easy application.

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1.1 | Single-Luminophore Pressure Sensitive
Paint
UNICOAT™ PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT(Product ID: UNC-12)
UniCoat is a single-luminophore pressure sensitive paint (PSP) packaged in an aerosol can for easeof application. UniCoat has slightly higher temperature sensitivity and slightly lower pressure
sensitivity than UniFIB PSP, but is a simple shake and spray application at a lower cost than otherproducts and is ideal for academic purposes. This single coat application paint may be applied directly
to most materials. UniCoat is an effective quantitative PSP well suited for isothermal environments(large metal models and temperature-controlled tunnels) or where strong pressure variations arepresent (transonic and supersonic flows). UniCoat is recommended for introductory PSP users whoseek an inexpensive paint for the purpose of developing their PSP capabilities.

SPECIFICATIONS
Pressure sensitivity
Pressure range
Temperature sensitivity
Temperature range
Response time
Excitation
Emission
Photo-degradation rate
Shelf life
Filter
ECCN

0.5% per kPa
1-kPa to 200-kPa
1.3% per °C-10°C to 60°C
750 ms380-nm to 520-nm (400-nm ideal)
620-nm to 750-nm
1% per hour (Excitation)
12-months
610-nm
EAR99

Available Quantities: 12-oz aerosol spray can

Calibration

Spectral Response9Product Catalog

UniFIB® Pressure Sensitive Paint(Product ID: UF-XXX)
UniFIB® is a bright single-luminophore pressure sensitive paint (PSP) formulated tobe applied with paint spraying equipment as a single component PSP optimized for
maximum luminescent signal while maintaining high pressure sensitivity and low
temperature sensitivity. This paint formulation may be excited effectively from 370nm to 520-nm, however, 400-nm radiation from ISSI LED modules is recommended.
The paint may be applied to most materials, though models constructed of materials
that may be attacked by solvents, such as plastic or rapid prototyping resins, should
be coated with a base coat such as SCR-100 (Screen layer) or FB (FIB basecoat).
The calibration of UniFIB® is very stable and repeatable thus UniFIB® isrecommended for advanced/professional PSP users who seek high-quality data up
to transonic flow conditions.

SPECIFICATIONS
Pressure sensitivity
Pressure range
Temperature sensitivity
Temperature range
Response time
Excitation
Emission
Photo-degradation rate
Shelf life
Filter
ECCN

0.8% per kPa
0-kPa to 200-kPa
0.4% per °C
0°C to 50°C
300 ms380-nm to 520-nm (400-nm ideal)
620-nm to 750-nm
1% per hour (Excitation)
12-months
610-nm
EAR99

Available quantities: 200-, 400-, 750-ml

Calibration

Spectral Response10Product Catalog

1.2 | Binary Pressure Sensitive Paint
Major sources of error in PSP data are due to illumination variations and temperature changes during the data collection period while the wind tunnel
is running. Blow-down type wind tunnels will change temperature during the course of a run while closed-circuit or continuous wind tunnels are morestable with temperature. Errors in pressure measurements taken at low wind speeds are largely the result of temperature gradients on the modelsurface. These temperature gradients can be the result of model construction, tunnel operation, or fluid dynamics. A rapid prototype model, forexample, is constructed using an internal metal structure and a polymer resin. The thermal signature of the internal structure is apparent when thesurface of the model is subjected to a heat flux. The model is exposed to a heat flux due to changes in tunnel Mach number. This condition is mostapparent during tunnel startup. Temperature errors can be minimized by using temperature-controlled tunnels and constructing the model frommaterials with high thermal conductivity like aluminum or stainless steel. Model construction and tunnel operation are key considerations for effectivelows-peed PSP measurements. Illumination variations can be caused by non-stable output from LEDs and by vibrations of the model or camera
relative to one another. To the camera, these changes are interpreted as pressure changes.
A way of dealing with the temperature errors is to add a second component to the PSP. This is known as Binary PSP. What Binary PSP adds thatsingle-component PSP lacks is the ability to correct for temperature and illumination induced errors. Binary PSP works by acquiring data from boththe oxygen sensitive component and the second component, known as the reference molecule. The emission from the reference and oxygen sensitive
molecules are spectrally independent. A color camera is used to separate the signals from the reference and oxygen sensitive components of the
Binary PSP. From this, two images are acquired (one of the reference and one of the oxygen sensitive component). Taking the ratio of the oxygen
sensitive image over the reference image eliminates dependence on temperature. This is due to the reference and oxygen sensitive molecules having
the same sensitivity to temperature. By dropping the temperature dependence, an ideal PSP is created where the only dependence is on the pressurechange.

Emission from Binary PSP (Left), Color Separation on a Color CCD Camera Sensor (Right)
Where temperature changes during the data acquisition are not a problem, single-component PSPs are still used. Higher resolution images can beobtained using single-component PSPs as they use a monochrome camera and don't reduce the resolution like a color camera does when it
separates colors.

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BINARY UNICOAT PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT(Product ID: BUNC-12)
Binary UniCoat is a dual-luminophore pressure sensitive paint (PSP)packaged in an aerosol can for ease of application. The binary PSP
approach involves acquiring data from two distinct luminescent dyes andusing these signals to compensate for errors caused by model
displacement and deformation. Binary UniCoat has higher temperaturesensitivity and lower pressure sensitivity than FIB-based paints as shownin the calibration below. A desirable feature of Binary UniCoat is ease of
application. Simply shake the can and spray the surface. The result is asingle coat application paint that may be applied directly to most materials.
Binary UniCoat is an effective quantitative PSP in isothermal environments(large metal models and temperature controlled tunnels) or where strongpressure variations are present (transonic flows). It is also effective incompensating for errors due to model displacement and deformation.
Binary UniCoat is recommended for introductory PSP users who seek an inexpensive means to gain experience with binary paints.

SPECIFICATIONS
Pressure sensitivity
Pressure range
Temperature sensitivity
Temperature range
Response time
Excitation
Emission
Photo-degradation rate
Shelf life
Filter
ECCN

0.5% per kPa
1-kPa to 200-kPa
0.9% per °C-10°C to 60°C
750 ms380-nm to 520-nm (400-nm ideal)
500-nm to 750-nm
1% per hour (Excitation)
12-months495-nm
EAR99

Available Quantities: 12-oz aerosol spray can

Calibration

Spectral Response (PSP Emission Scaled)

12Product Catalog

BINARYFIB® PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT(Product ID: BF-XXX)
BinaryFIB® pressure sensitive paint (PSP) is a dual-luminophore, single application PSP
formulated to be applied with paint spraying equipment. The binary paint approach involves
acquiring data from two distinct luminescent dyes and using these signals to compensate forerrors caused by model displacement and deformation as well as temperature. One dye ispressure and temperature sensitive and the other dye is temperature sensitive only. The ratioof the signals from the two dyes allows the temperature sensitive signal to be isolated fromthe pressure sensitive signal. The temperature sensitivity of the paint can be minimized overa wide range of temperatures and pressures as shown in the calibration below. The paint may
be applied to most materials, however a white base coat such as SCR-XXX (Screen layer) or
FB-XXX (FIB basecoat) is recommended. Models constructed of materials that may be
attacked by solvents such as plastic or rapid prototyping resin should be coated with a screen
layer or FIB basecoat. The calibration of BinaryFIB® is very stable, repeatable, and exhibits
very little temperature sensitivity. BinaryFIB® is recommended for advanced/professional
PSP users who seek high quality data in low-speed environments or where temperature gradients are larger and have a greater impact on the signalto noise ratio.

SPECIFICATIONS
Pressure sensitivity
Pressure range
Temperature sensitivity
Temperature range
Response time
Excitation
Emission
Photo-degradation rate
Shelf life
Filter
ECCN

0.6% per kPa
0-kPa to 200-kPa
0.03% per °C
0°C to 50°C
300 ms380-nm to 420-nm (400-nm ideal)
500-nm to 720-nm
1% per hour (Excitation)
12-months
530-nm
EAR99

Available quantities: 200-, 400-, 750-ml

Calibration

Spectral Response (PSP Emission Scaled)

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1.3 | Fast Pressure Sensitive Paint

Fast PSP on an Air Force 1/15th Scale Model of an Advanced Tactical Fighter (U.S. Air Force Photo)
Conventional polymer-based paint formulations have response times on the order of ~1 second, making them unsuitable for evaluating unsteady
aerodynamic phenomena. The temporal-response characteristics of PSP are primarily governed by the thickness of the paint formulation and the
diffusion coefficient of the binder material. The response time due to diffusion (τdiff) increases with the paint thickness (h) squared and decreases withincreasing diffusion coefficient (Dm).

∂ [O2 ]∂t

= Dm

∂ 2 [O2 ]∂z 2

τ ∝ h 2 Dm

Some fast responding paints have focused on decreasing the thickness of the paint in order to improve the temporal response characteristics. Thisapproach sacrifices luminescent output from the paint, and thus the signal-to-noise ratio, for a faster response time and a lower signal-to-noise ratio.
Porous binders have been developed with the goal of enhancing the oxygen diffusion within the paint layer and, thus, improving the temporal response
without reducing the signal-to-noise ratio.

ISSI’s Porous, Fast PSP is an example of this type of PSP structure, exhibiting good pressure sensitivity (more than 0.6%/kPa), strong signal andexcellent temporal response of 20-kHz. The paint may be applied to clean, dry, materials such as Aluminum, Glass, Plastic, or Steel, and no basecoat or heat treating is required. Porous, Fast PSP is recommended for applications that require a bright paint with frequency response of up to 20kHz.

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Fast PSP Tests

Fast PSP Under UV Excitation on a Space Launch Vehicle Model (Left), Processed Unsteady Pressure Fluctuations from Buffeting at 6.10
Hz (Right), (Credit: D. Hart / NASA Ames Research Center)

Fast PSP in a Subsonic Cavity Under UV Excitation (Left), Standing Pressure Waves in a Subsonic Cavity (Right), (Courtesy: US Air Force)

Fast PSP Test of U.S. Army Rotorcraft Model Looking at Pressure Distribution on Blade Tip (Image Credit: NASA/David C. Bowman)

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TURBOFIB® PRESSURE SENSITIVE PAINT(Product ID: TF-XXX)
TurboFIB® pressure sensitive paint (PSP) is a single-luminophore, single application PSP formulated to be
applied with paint spraying equipment. TurboFIB® provides many of the advantages of UNIFIB PSP, but withfaster response (1 kHz) and reduced temperature sensitivity. This paint formulation may be excited effectively
from 380-nm to 550-nm, however, 400-nm radiation from LM2X-DM-400 LED modules is recommended. The
paint may be applied to most surfaces, though it is recommended that plastics and rapid prototyping resins firstbe coated with SCR-XXX (Screen layer) to protect the surface from solvent damage. The calibration of
TurboFIB® (shown below) is very stable and repeatable thus TurboFIB® is recommended foradvanced/professional PSP users who seek high quality data. Paint is sold in quantities of 200-ml, 400-ml and
750-ml. Custom quantities are available upon request. Surface coverage is approximately 1 m2 per liter.

SPECIFICATIONS
Pressure sensitivity
Pressure range
Temperature sensitivity
Temperature range
Response time
Excitation
Emission
Photo-degradation rate
Shelf life
Filter
ECCN

0.8% per kPa
0-kPa to 200-kPa
0.4% per °C
0°C to 50°C
<1 ms
380-nm to 550-nm (400-nm ideal)
620-nm to 750-nm
1% per hour (Excitation)
12-months
610-nm
EAR99

Available quantities: 200-, 400-, 750-ml

Calibration

Spectral Response16

Product Catalog

POROUS, FAST-RESPONSE PRESSURE SENSITIVE
PAINT(Product ID: FP-XXX)
Porous Fast-Response PSP is a three component, single-luminophore high speedpressure sensitive paint (PSP) formulated to provide high speed response (>10kHz)
suitable for unsteady pressure measurements with high pressure sensitivity. The
temperature sensitivity of these paints is higher than UniFIB® or TurboFIB® so thisPSP is best suited for isothermal environments. This paint comes in three parts.
Determine how much PSP you need for your application and measure out part A by
volume. Part B will be measured out 5% by volume of part A. Shake the part A and B
mixture well. This mixture is to be sprayed with paint spraying equipment on to thesurface of study with a wet application to achieve a smooth finish. This application isthe base layer. Once the base layer is dry, apply part C with paint spraying equipment,
the overspray. The overspray, part C, may be reapplied more than once. A typicalorder would be a 100mL kit which would consist of three containers: 100 mL of part A, 5 mL of part B, and 100mL of part C.

SPECIFICATIONS
Pressure sensitivity
Pressure range
Temperature sensitivity
Temperature range
Response time
Excitation
Emission
Photo-degradation rate
Shelf life
Filter
ECCN

0.6% per kPa
0-kPa to 200-kPa
3.6% per °C
0°C to 80°C
<100 µs
380-nm to 420-nm (400-nm ideal)
600-nm to 720-nm
1% per minute (Excitation)
3-months
610-nm
EAR99

Available quantities: 100-, 200-, 400-, 750-ml

Calibration

Spectral Response17

Product Catalog

TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE PAINT
Traditional measurement techniques for acquiring surface temperature
distributions on models have utilized embedded arrays of thermocouples and
RTD’s. This requires significant construction and setup time while producing
data with limited spatial resolution. An alternative approach is to use
temperature sensitive paint (TSP) to measure surface temperature. The
advantages of temperature sensitive paint include non-intrusive
measurements and high spatial resolution when compared to conventional
measurement techniques. Image based temperature measurements using
TSP are accomplished by coating the model surface with the paint andilluminating the surface with light of the appropriate wavelength. The
luminescence from the surface is recorded using a CCD camera through along-pass filter to separate the luminescent signal from the excitation light.
The luminescence from the TSP is a function of the local temperature, andtherefore, each pixel on the camera acts as a thermocouple.
A typical TSP consists of the luminescent molecule and an oxygen
impermeable binder. The basis of the temperature sensitive paint method is
the sensitivity of the luminescent molecules to their thermal environment. The
luminescent molecule is placed in an excited state by absorption of a photon.
The excited molecule deactivates through the emission of a photon. A rise in
Boundary layer separation using TSP
temperature of the luminescent molecule will increase the probability that theImage courtesy of DLR
molecule will return to the ground state by a radiation-less process, this is
known as thermal quenching. The temperature of the painted surface can be measured by detecting the fluorescence intensity of the luminescentpaint.
TSPs are used to measure surface temperature distributions to estimate heat transfer rates over a surface and to capture boundary layer transition
from laminar to turbulent flow.

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1.4 | Temperature Sensitive Paints
UNITEMP™ TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE PAINT(Product ID: UNT-XXX)
UniTemp is a single-luminophore, single application
temperature sensitive paint. The TSP may be applied tomost surfaces, but a screen layer such as SCR or FB is
recommended for plastics and rapid prototyping resins toprotect the surface from solvent damage. A desirable
feature of UniTemp is ease of application. Simply shakethe can and spray the surface. The result is a single coat
application paint that may be applied directly to mostmaterials. UniTemp is an effective quantitative TSP. It isalso effective in compensating for errors due to model
displacement and deformation. UniTemp is recommended
for both advanced TSP users who seek quantitative data and users who seek to gain experience with temperature sensitive paints.

SPECIFICATIONS
Pressure sensitivity
Pressure range
Temperature sensitivity
Temperature range
Response time
Excitation
Emission
Photo-degradation rate
Shelf life
Filter
ECCN

0.0% per kPa
1-kPa to 10-MPa
0.9% per °C
10°C to 80°C
750 ms380-nm to 520-nm (460-nm ideal)
500-nm to 720-nm
1% per hour (Excitation)
12-months
550-nm
EAR99

Available Quantities: 12-oz aerosol can (UNT-12), or 200-, 400, 750-ml

Calibration

Spectral Response (TSP Emission Scaled)

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CCTR™ TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE PAINT(Product ID: CCTR-XXX)
CCTR is a temperature sensitive paint in a clear coat binder. It is easy to apply with a spray gun. Peak absorption wavelength for CCTR is near 470nm and is typically excited with ISSI’s LM2X-DM-460 standard LEDs. With a peak emission around 620-nm, the excitation light can easily be separated
from the emission with an optical filter. CCTR offers slightly better temperature sensitivity than UniTemp TSP.

SPECIFICATIONS
Pressure sensitivity
Temperature sensitivity
Temperature range
Response time
Excitation
Emission
Photo-degradation rate
Shelf life
Filter
ECCN

0.0% per kPa
1.8% per °C-10°C to 60°C
750-ms400-nm to 550-nm (peak 470-nm)
600-nm to 750-nm (peak 620-nm)
1% per hour
12-months
570-nm
EAR99

Available Quantities: 200-, 400, 750-ml

Calibration of CCTR TSP

Emission spectra of CCTR TSP
Excited using LM2X-DM-460 LED

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1.5 | Base Coatings
Base coatings are applied to models prior to PSP. Base coatings are used to cover up imperfections or roughness on the model surface, shield themodel surface from the solvents in PSP, provide better PSP adhesion to the model and to provide a more reflective background for better
illumination. Base coatings can be applied using the same painting gun as PSPs.

FIB BASECOAT(Product ID: FB-XXX)
The FIB Basecoat is a single application screen layer that is sprayed onto a model surface with paint spraying equipment to mask machining marks
and stains or to mask surfaces that fluoresce and interfere with PSP or TSP data. FIB basecoat also provides a uniformly reflective surface to minimize
illumination errors and enhance the emission of PSP and TSP. This formulation is recommended for surfaces where the base coating and PSP or
TSP absolutely must be removed from the surface using common mild solvents.
Available quantities: 200-, 400-, 750-ml

Wing Model Painted with FIB Basecoat (Left), Wing Model with FIB Basecoat, Over-Sprayed with BinaryFIB® (Right)

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EPOXY SCREEN LAYER(Product ID: SCR-XXX)
Epoxy Screen Layer (SCR-XXX) is a two-part formulation designed to be applied to surfaces using conventional paint spraying equipment to mask
machining marks and stains or to mask surfaces that fluoresce and interfere with PSP or TSP data. Epoxy Screen Layer comes in two parts and ismixed 1:1. Epoxy Screen Layer provides the highest quality surface screen layer with superior solvent resistance and improved opacity. The solvent
resistance means PSP can be applied over it and removed many times without the need to reapply the screen layer each time. Epoxy Screen Layerneeds to be fully cured before the PSP is applied by curing at elevated temperatures (90C for ~4 hours) or by allowing a few weeks to air cure toprevent the screen layer from interacting with the PSP and compromising data. Epoxy Screen Layer is a permanent screen layer. It is recommended
for all models but required for plastic models which are not solvent resistant.
Available quantities: 200-, 400-, 750-ml(Left) Epoxy Screen Layer Part A (White) and Part B (Yellow/clear), (Right) Missile Model Painted with Screen Layer

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1.6 | PSP Starter kit(Product ID: PSP-K)
A PSP/TSP starter kit is available for purchase. The PSP/TSP starter kit contains each of the 12-oz aerosol spray cans: UNC-12, BUNC-12, UNT12, 400-ml of Binary FIB, UniFIB and FIB Basecoat as well as an overhead paint gun, air brush and small air brush compressor.

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2 | LED Light Sources
LED ILLUMINATION LAMPSLight emitting diode (LED) arrays are the most convenient and cost-effective means to excite fluorescent dyes in experimental measurement studies
including pressure and temperature sensitive paints to and particle shadow velocimetry. Using the correct light source is critical to the accuracy of themeasurement. Optical measurement techniques require a sufficiently energetic, low noise, stable illumination source if quality data is to be acquired.
Any variation in output illumination from the excitation source will cause measurement errors. ISSI LED arrays contain proprietary optical and electricalfiltering to achieve very stable, narrow-band illumination.
LEDs are available in 2-, 3- and 4-inch sizes and with air-, vortex- or water-cooling. Select models are available with one of two drivers. The DM driveris used to operate the LED in long-pulse or continuous mode and the DMHP driver is used for short-pulse, high power mode (used for lifetime
accumulation acquisition). All models of LEDs are available in 400- and 460-nm wavelengths standard. Other wavelengths are available upon request.

ISSI LEDs Mounted in AEDC 16T Wind Tunnel During Pressure Sensitive Paint Tests, Photo Credit US Air Force
Uses
Molecules within pressure sensitive paint are excited by a narrow band LED light sourceof a specific peak wavelength. Once excited, these molecules will either fluoresce, emitting
a photon of a longer wavelength, are quenched by local oxygen molecules (pressure
sensitive paint) or are thermally quenched (temperature sensitive paint). This quenchingrate determines the fluorescent intensity of the paint layer. The fluorescent levels can beused to estimate pressure or temperature using a previously determined calibration of thepaint.
Particle Shadow Velocimetry uses a pulsed LED light source to characterize seeded flow
fields near surfaces in small regions of interest in water and air. The technique is a costeffective alternative to some Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) applications that uses
shadows cast by particles to track movement rather than the traditional light scattering PIVtechnique using expensive lasers.
Schlieren photography is a technique utilized to image fluid density gradients. The density gradient of the fluid gives rise to refractive index changes
which distort the collimated beam of light between two mirrors and thus the point of focus. Using a knife edge, variable density slide or color slides at
the focus to exploit this effect allows high-contrast imaging of otherwise nearly invisible density gradients.

24

Product Catalog

2.1 | Air-cooled LEDs
CONTINUOUS 2-INCH AIR-COOLED LED LIGHT
SOURCE
Product ID: LM2X-DM-XXX
The continuous 2-inch, air-cooled LED light source provides uniform, stable
illumination, for pressure and temperature sensitive paint measurements. The LED
is designed for radiometric acquisition systems. It can operate continuously (DC)or in a long-pulsed mode. The operation mode is set using an external toggle
switch. In long-pulsed mode, the pulse width and frequency are set by sending an
external TTL signal to the BNC trigger input. The duty cycle may be set from 0%
to 100%. The light distribution from the unit is approximately Gaussian for
distance greater than 18-inches [45-cm] from the source. The units are available
in standard wavelengths of 400-nm and 460-nm, however, other wavelengths areavailable upon request.
Ordering information: LM2X-DM-XXX (LED head with DC/long pulse driver –XXX denotes wavelength)

SPECIFICATIONS
Output power
Input
Stability
Maximum duty cycle
Rise time (10% - 90%)
Fall time (90% - 10%)
Operating temperature range
Wavelength
FWHM
Warranty
ECCN~5 W (optical)
48VDC, 2.5A
~0.1 % per hour after warm-up
100%< 5-µs~ 250-µs-10°C to 60°C
400-nm and 460-nm (Standard)+/- 18-nm
12-months
EAR99

25

Product Catalog

2-INCH AIR-COOLED LED ORDERING OPTIONS
Product ID: LM2X-MOD
For applications where space is limited, the 2-inch, air cooled LED module can be made with a separtated head and driver section with power
umbilical to connecto the two pieces.

The modification includes end caps for the head and driver with 15 pin mil spec d-sub connector and 1 meter cable for power and trigger input.

26

Product Catalog

4-INCH AIR-COOLED LED LIGHT SOURCE
Product ID: LM4X-DM-XXX
The continuous 4-inch, air-cooled LEDs offer uniform, stable illumination with excellent
output power. The unit operates continuously or in long-pulse mode, designed forradiometric systems using the continuous/long-pulse driver (module forradiometric). The operation mode is set using an external toggle switch. In long-pulsed
mode, the pulse width and frequency are set by sending an external TTL signal to the
BNC trigger input. The duty cycle may be set from 0% to 100%. The 4-inch LED offers
a 4-5X increase in power over the continuous 2-inch, air-cooled LED, 5X faster rise andfall times for pulsed operation, and increased temperature range of operation. The light
distribution from the unit is approximately Gaussian for distances greater than 18-inches[45-cm] from the source. The units are available in 400-nm and 460-nm, however, otherwavelenths are available upon request.
Ordering information: LM4X-DM-XXX (LED head with DC/long pulse driver –XXX
denotes wavelength)
Dual Power Supply (LM4X-DPS)

SPECIFICATIONS
Output power
Input
Stability
Maximum duty cycle
Rise time (10% - 90%)
Fall time (90% - 10%)
Operating temperature range
Wavelength
FWHM
Warranty
ECCN

25.0 W (optical)

31VDC, 8A @ 120VAC~0.2 % per hour after warm-up
100%< 100 µs
< 100 µs
-10°C to 60°C
400-nm and 460-nm (Standard)+/- 18-nm
12-months
EAR99

27

Product Catalog

2.2 | Water-cooled LEDs
Water-cooled LEDs provide a significant increase in output power needed in large test facilities. Watercooled LEDs are necessary in large wind tunnels and in applications where higher light intensity is needed,
like fast PSP. Large test sections require more excitation light because the model is further from the dataacquisition system. Water cooling allows the LEDs to be driven harder than the air-cooled systems. Watercooled LEDs provide ~3 times the output power of their comparable 2-inch air-cooled varieties. Three parts
compose the water-cooled LED: the control box, the LED head and the umbilical cable. The control box
houses the drive electronics, power supply and water-circulation system. The umbilical supplies the coolingwater and the electrical connection between the control box and the LED head. Umbilical cables areavailable in 10-, 20- and 30-foot lengths. External water is supplied to the control module.

ISSI LEDs Mounted in Cavity Acoustics Fast PSP Test (Left), Courtesy US Air Force Research Laboratory, ISSI Water-Cooled LEDs
mounted in the ARA Transonic Wind Tunnel (Right), Courtesy of ARA, Bedford, UK

28

Product Catalog

2-INCH WATER-COOLED LED LIGHT SOURCE
Product ID: LM2XX- XXX, DC2XX
The 2-inch, water-cooled LED light source provides uniform, stable illumination, forpressure and temperature sensitive paint measurements. The unit operates continuously
or in long-pulse mode, designed for radiometric systems by connecting to the DC2XX
driver box (module for radiometric and lifetime operation). The operation mode is set
sending an external TTL trigger pulse to the DC2XX to set the output pulse width andfrequency. The duty cycle may be set from 0% to 100%. The light distribution from theunit is approximatly Gaussian for distance greater than 18-inches [45-cm] from the source.
The units are available in 400-nm and 460-nm, however, other wavelenths are available
upon request. This unit surpasses the performance of the 2-inch, air-cooled system as it
offers a significant increase in power (3-4 times that of the 2-inch, air-cooled system).
Maximum input pressure to the control box is 90 psi. An external water source is required
to cool the LED module. The control box contains a flow meter and safety circuit to shut
off power to the LED if the flow rate is too low or the LED approaches overheattemperatures.
Ordering information: LM2XX-XXX (LED head with umbilical. –XXX denotes
wavelength). DC2XX (DC/long-pulse control box and driver with power supply).

LM2XX-XXX LED Head

DC2XX Control Box

SPECIFICATIONS
Output power
Input
Stability
Maximum duty cycle
Rise time (10% - 90%)
Fall time (90% - 10%)
Operating temperature range
Wavelength
FWHM
Warranty
ECCN

12-14 W (optical)
24VDC, 8.2A
~0.1 % per hour after warm-up
100%< 600 ns
< 300 ns
-10°C to 60°C
400-nm and 460-nm (Standard)+/- 18-nm
12-months
EAR99

29

Product Catalog

2.3 | Vortex-Cooled LEDs
Where water-cooling is not an option but maximum power is needed, ISSI’s Vortex-Cooled LEDs are the answer. Vortex-cooled LEDs maximize
performance without the use of water for simpler system integration into your test facility. The LEDs use a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube device to provide
cool air to the LEDs. Clean and dry compressed air must be available to operate the vortex cooling system.
The vortex-cooled LED system (including 2 heads) offers more power than any other ISSI LEDs currently available. Stronger, next-generation LEDs
are used in the vortex-cooled system to provide increased performance. Each LED head can output 18W in optical power at 400-nm.
Each control box can also do more than their predecessors. The vortex cooling system in each control is capable of cooling two LEDs, minimizing
components and maximizing performance. With a complete system, 40W in total output power can be achieved. The control boxes are conveniently
rack-mountable for standard 3U rack size. Two control boxes can be mounted side-by-side in a standard 19-inch rack.

Vortex-Cooled LEDs Set Up for a Fast PSP Test

30

Product Catalog

3-INCH VORTEX-COOLED LED LIGHT SOURCE
Product ID: LM3X-XXX, DC3X, UM3X-XX
The LM3X is a high-power, air-cooled, rack-mountable, 3-inch LED light source thatprovides uniform, stable illumination for pressure and Temperature Sensitive paintmeasurements. The unit offers a significant increase in power over the previous
generation products (3-4 times that of a single LM2XX head). Its small form factor andlarge optical power density make it a class leading solution for large scale testing andinstallations. The LM3X has been designed to operate safely in a pulsed or continuous
DC operation. It requires no external chiller, only standard shop air for operation.
The DC3X control box can operate and cool two LM3X LED modules via umbilical which
deliver power and cooled air. The control box is rack mountable with the included rackears.
Ordering information: LM3X-XXX (LED head, –XXX denotes wavelength). DC3X
(Overdriven control box and driver with power supply). UM3X-XX umbilical control andcooling cable. –XX denotes length. 10-, 20- and 30-ft available.

SPECIFICATIONS
Input Power
Optical Output Power
Wavelengths
Operating Temperature
Required Supply Air
Air Inlet
Noise Level
Length x Width x Height (Drive Assembly)
Weight (Drive Assembly)
Rack Height
Length (LED Emitter)
Diameter (LED Emitter)
Weight (LED Emitter)
Umbilical Length

100-240 VAC, 50-60Hz, 8.2A
18 W per Emitter (36 W Total with 2 heads)
400-, 460-nm (standard)
2-50 ˚C
60 scfm (1,700 lpm) @ 90 psi (Dry)¼” NPTF
82 dB
8.4” x 12.5” x 5.5” (213 mm x 317 mm x 139 mm)
12.5 lbs.
3U
6.5”
3.5”
2.5 lbs.
10 ft. (standard) (20- and 30-ft available)31

Product Catalog

2.4 | Special Applications
ISSI provides custom made LEDs upon request and also several models for different experimental applications. We work with customers to provide
solutions to their applications. Customization includes specific output wavelengths or modified mechanical design to fit specialized test cells.

PARTICLE SHADOW VELOCIMETRY
Particle shadow velocimetry (PSV) utilizes low-power pulsed light sources such as LEDs to measure the displacement of seed particles in a flow. PSV
images can also be used to characterize particle parameters such as size and shape. Since this is a volumetric illumination technique, it relies on thereceiver optics to optimize the depth of field for the measurement. Any pulsed light system can be used as the light source; however, LEDs are
particularly well suited since they can be overdriven in a short-pulse mode to produce intense sub-microsecond light pulses. Furthermore, the use ofLEDs combined with high-speed camera results in a high-speed system with bandwidth of 10’s of kHz. Because the technique does not rely upon
weak-particle light scattering, lasers are neither necessary nor recommended for use with this approach.

PSV uses light extinction (particle shadows) rather than light scattering in a laser sheet, resulting in high-quality particle imaging at much lower
illumination levels. These safe illumination levels can be generated by a pulsed-LED system at a fraction of the cost of a pulsed laser. Multi-color LED
illumination permits the use of a low-speed camera, further reducing system cost. Different color LEDs are sequentially pulsed, at high speed, and thesequential particle images are captured in a single frame on the camera’s three color planes. Narrow depth-of-field optics are employed to image a
two-dimensional plane within the flow volume, similar to what is achieved with a laser sheet. Measurement close to surfaces is possible because thesystem is not degraded by surface reflections which severely limit laser-based systems. The PSV approach is fully compatible with the seeding
approaches and specifications used with conventional PIV systems.
PSV is not an alternative to Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), but a complementary technique. PSV is advantageous over PIV close to structures orsurfaces where laser scatter may cause issues with data collection.

Advantages of PSV compared to PIV••••Capable of increased measurement frequency since LEDs can be pulsed at higher rep rates than typical laser systems
Due to the orientation and lower power of the LED, wall reflections are eliminated or significantly reduced compared to PIV
Since PSV directly images the particle, information such as particle size and shape can be determined
Optical alignment is typically simpler

32

Product Catalog

Disadvantages of PSV compared to PIV•••

LED pulse time is typically an order of magnitude longer than laser pulse time. This prevents the use of PSV in high-speed applications.
The depth of measurement in PSV is controlled by the camera optics, and is typically slightly thicker than the PIV light sheet.
Higher magnifications or larger particles are required for PSV since the particle shadows are directly imaged instead of scattered light.
Cylinder in Cross Flow

PIV Acquisition: EF Lens with AF Bellows and LC-2 Lens Controller and PSP-CCD-C Camera

33

Product Catalog

3-COLOR PARTICLE SHADOW VELOCIMETRY LED
Product ID: LM2X-DMHP-RGB
The LM2X-DMHP-RGB is a 2-inch, air-cooled LED light source that provides
three-color (Red, Green, and Blue) outputs from its LED head. This LED is
used for Particle Shadow Velocimetry (PSV) to illuminate small seed particles
in a flow field to measure velocity and particle density. The LM2X-DMHP-RGB
has three BNC inputs to control the timing and pulse width of each of theoutput colors from an external pulse generator. The pulsed LED operation iscontrolled by applying a TTL voltage to the external BNC(s) on the module.
The rise time is less than 200-ns and the fall time is less than 100-ns and the
duty cycle is 5%. The light distribution from the unit is approximately Gaussian
for distance greater than 18 inches from the source.
Ordering information: LM2X-DMHP-RGB (LED head with short-pulse/high-power driver)

SPECIFICATIONS
Output power
Input
Stability
Maximum duty cycle
Rise time (10% - 90%)
Fall time (90% - 10%)
Operating temperature range
Wavelength
FWHM
Warranty
ECCN

2.0 W

48VDC, 2.5A @ 120VAC~0.1 % per hour after warm-up
5%< 200-ns< 100-ns-10°C to 60°C
460-nm, 520-nm, 630-nm+/- 18-nm
12-months
EAR99

34

Product Catalog

SCHLIEREN PHOTOGRAPHY
Schlieren photography is a technique utilized to image fluid density gradients. The density gradient of the fluid gives rise to refractive index changes
which distort the collimated beam of light between two mirrors and thus the point of focus. Using a knife edge, variable density slide or color slides at
the focus to exploit this effect allows high-contrast imaging of otherwise nearly invisible density gradients. At the focus, the light intensity is cut in halfby the knife edge. Refractive index changes in one direction are brighter and in the other direction are darker. This type of imaging is widely used inwind tunnel, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) research.

The ISSI product line includes a high-intensity LED point source with a variable slit attachment for use in schlieren photography. This LED isavailable in continuous/long-pulse and short-pulse/high-power mode. Output wavelength can be set to user specifications.

35

Product Catalog

SCHLIEREN LED
Product ID: LMS-XXX
The LMS-XXX is a 2-inch, air-cooled LED light source used for schlieren andshadowgraph applications. The LMS-XXX can operate in continuous (DC) or
pulsed mode.
The LMS-XXX features a variable width slit to adjust the amount of output lightfrom the module. Power supply and carrying case are included with the LED.
The wavelength of the LMS-XXX is user defined and based on available LED
wavelengths. XXX denotes wavelength in nanometers.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

High-power LED output
Continuous or pulsed (TTL control) output
Fast rise and fall times
Stable output for long exposure
Narrow band output
Custom wavelength outputs available
Variable width slit attachment
Easy installation using mounting clamp (optional)

SPECIFICATIONS
Output power
Input
Stability
Maximum duty cycle
Rise time (10% - 90%)
Fall time (90% - 10%)
Operating temperature range
Wavelength
FWHM
Warranty
ECCN~1.5 W (DC) (Optical)
24VDC, 6.6A @ 120VAC~0.1 % per hour after warm-up
100% (DC)< 200-ns< 100-ns-10°C to 60°C
*400-nm, 460-nm+/- 18-nm
12-months
EAR99*Other wavelengths available upon request (532-, 620-, 665-nm)

36

Product Catalog

2.5 | LED Accessories
PARABOLIC REFLECTOR & DIFFUSER
Product ID: LM2X-10R40-D
The LED reflector and diffuser is a 10-degree reflector for concentration of output light from an LM2 LED.
The intensity output on the illuminated surface is 2-3 times greater in the focused area when using thereflector. The diffuser creates a more uniform Gaussian light distribution and reduces the structure patternof the individual LEDs. The overall length is 4.75-inches (120.65 mm) and diameter of the diffuser sectionis 5-inches (127 mm).
The reflector screws onto the front of any 2-inch ISSI LED (LM2 Series). Remove the retaining ring on thefront of the LED but be sure to leave the filter glass on the LED.
ECCN is EAR99.

37

Product Catalog

LED CLAMPING MOUNTS FOR LM2 SERIES LEDS
Product ID: LM2X-CL
The 2-inch LED mounting clamp is designed to mount all LM2 series LEDs on standard optical equipment andarticulating mounts. This clamp securely holds the LED housing and allows greater mounting flexibility for LEDs
in PSP and TSP systems.
The clamp is made from aluminum and has a black anodized finish. A bolt securely fixes the clamp around the
LED housing while a series of rubber rings grip the LED housing.

LM2X-CL Shown with 2-Inch Air- and Water-Cooled LEDs

38

Product Catalog

LED CLAMPING MOUNTS FOR LM3 SERIES LEDS
Product ID: LM3X-CL
The 3-inch LED mounting clamp is designed to mount all LM3 series LEDs on standard optical equipment andarticulating mounts. This clamp securely holds the LED housing and allows greater mounting flexibility for LEDs in
PSP and TSP systems.
The clamp is made from aluminum and has a black anodized finish. A bolt securely fixes the clamp around the
LED housing while a series of rubber rings grip the LED housing.

LM3X-CL Shown with 3-Inch Vortex-Cooled LEDs

39

Product Catalog

3 | Cameras
PSP & TSP CAMERAS
Charged coupled device (CCD) cameras are used to acquire images of paint response to pressure or temperature changes. Using the right sensitive
scientific camera is paramount to making an accurate measurement with PSP and TSP.
CCD cameras suited for PSP and TSP measurements are characterized by:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Low NoiseHigh Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)High Linearity
High Dynamic Range
High Quantum Efficiency

These characteristics are required to produce high-quality and accurate PSP and TSP data from experiments. Ignoring these factors in a camera willlead to poor results from any PSP or TSP test.
CCD cameras used for PSP are referred to as “interline transfer” CCD cameras. Interline transfer CCD cameras mask every other row of the CCD
sensor. After exposure the CCD shifts the charge from the active pixels to the masked pixels and the information is read out to memory or transferredfrom the camera to an external hard drive on a computer. This transfer to masked pixels is very fast (~1 µs) and eliminates the need for a shutter.
The camera acquires fluorescence from PSP or TSP paints through a long-pass filter and stores or transfers the information for conversion to pressureor temperature using a previously determined calibration of the paint used.

40

Product Catalog

3.1 CCD CAMERAS
Monochrome CCD Camera
Product ID: PSP-CCD-M
The PSP-CCD-M is a 2-megapixel, c-mount, monochrome CCD camera designed to operate with single
luminophore PSPs and TSPs. The camera is small and lightweight, allowing for an array of cameras
to be mounted in small places for larger scale models and applications. The monchrome camera takes
advantage of the full resolution of the array as all pixels act as pressure sensors.
The camera communicates over a Gigabit Ethernet connection with the acquisition computer. The
camera has no on-board memory so data is streamed directly to the hard drive. The normal frame rate
is 35 fps but can operate at 44 fps in overclock mode. The camera features a software trigger andexternal TTL trigger over BNC.

SPECIFICATIONS
SensorResolution
Type
FormatPixel Size
Frame Rate
Electron Full Well Capacity
Readout Noise
Dynamic Range
Output Format(s)Binning H/LMaximum Exposure
Minimum Exposure
Shutter

1600 x 1200 (active)
KAI-2020 CCD
11.89 mm (H) x 8.94 mm (V), 14.8 mm diagonal (1” optical format)
7.4 µm
35 fps (40 MHz) Standard clock
44 fps (50 MHz) Overclocked
40,000 e−
20 electrons
60dB
8, 12, 14-bit (single AD only)
1x, 2x, 3x, 4x, 8x
10 seconds
50 µs
Global41

Product Catalog

Trigger
Inputs
Options
Modes
Strobe Output

External (TTL via IN1/IN2), software, computer
Level, edge, pulse width, internal exposure
Free-run, standard, double, frame accumulation
Programmable position and duration

Communication
Interface
On Board Memory
Software Interface
Lens Control

GigE
None
ProAcquire
Available in ProAcquire (LC-2 integration)

Environmental
Vibration/ShockOperating Temperature Range
Humidity

DIN EN 60068-2-64
0˚C to 50˚C
20% to 80% non-condensing

Size & Weight
Size
WeightLens Mount

98.5 mm (L) x 29 mm (H), 44 mm (L)220 gramsc-mount

Power Requirements
External Power Input
Power Consumption

12-24 VDC
4.9 W @ 12 VDC

Export
ECCN

EAR99

PSP-CCD-M Dimensions

42

Product Catalog

Color CCD Camera
Product ID: PSP-CCD-C
The PSP-CCD-C is a 2-megapixel CCD color camera designed to operate within a PSP system. The
camera is small and lightweight at 220g allowing for an array of cameras to be mounted in a tight place
for larger scale models and applications. The PSP-CCD-C is used in Binary PSP and particle shadow
velocimetry. One approach that allows binary pressure sensitive paint data to be acquired using asingle camera involves the use of a color camera. Rather than use optical filters in front of the camera
lens, the filtering is applied on the chip using a standard Bayer filter. In the case of BinaryFIB®, thepressure-sensitive signal is acquired on the red pixels and the reference signal is acquired on thegreen pixels. All images are acquired through a single camera and lens minimizing image alignment
errors. This single chip system also accomplishes a second goal; all data is acquired simultaneously,
and thus the stability of the illumination source is a less significant issue. The major drawback of thisapproach is the loss of spatial resolution. In a color chip, only ¼ of the pixels are sensitive to the signal channel (red pixels) on the standard Bayerfilter. Despite the loss of spatial resolution, the color camera approach produces excellent results at low speeds. The normal frame rate is 35 fps but
can operate at 44 fps in overclock mode. The camera features a software trigger and external TTL trigger over BNC. The camera is compatible with
Windows 7, Vista and XP both 32- and 64-bit.

SPECIFICATIONS
SensorResolution
Type
FormatPixel Size
Frame Rate
Electron Full Well Capacity
Readout Noise
Dynamic Range
Output Format(s)Binning H/LMaximum Exposure
Minimum Exposure
Shutter

1600 x 1200 (active)
KAI-2020 CCD
11.89 mm (H) x 8.94 mm (V), 14.8 mm diagonal (1” optical format)
7.4 µm
35 fps (40 MHz) Standard clock
44 fps (50 MHz) Overclocked
40,000 e−
20 electrons
60dB

8-, 12-bit

1x, 2x, 3x, 4x, 8x
10 seconds
50 µs
Global43

Product Catalog

Trigger
Inputs
Options
Modes
Strobe Output

External (TTL via IN1/IN2), software, computer
Level, edge, pulse width, internal exposure
Free-run, standard, double, frame accumulation
Programmable position and duration

Communication
Interface
On Board Memory
Software Interface
Lens Control

GigE
None
ProAcquire
Available in ProAcquire (LC-2 integration)

Environmental
Vibration/ShockOperating Temperature Range
Humidity

DIN EN 60068-2-64
0˚C to 50˚C
20% to 80% non-condensing

Size & Weight
Size
WeightLens Mount

98.5 mm (L) x 29 mm (H), 44 mm (L)220 gramsc-mount

Power Requirements
External Power Input
Power Consumption

12-24 VDC
4.9 W @12 VDC

Export
ECCN

EAR99

PSP-CCD-C Dimensions

44

Product Catalog

4 | System integration
Communication between all components of a system is paramount to the operation of the system as a whole. Instrument control devices make
operating large-scale integrated systems more time-efficient, expand their capability and reduce time needed on-condition or in the test facility ingeneral. Small-scale systems also benefit from instrument control devices allowing for faster data acquisition.

PSP and TSP data acquisition systems can communicate with the test facility and can be remotely operated from a control room after installation.
Remote control of each component of the system saves one of the most expensive commodities in experimental or production testing: time. ISSI
devices can all be operated over a network which also reduces the amount of cabling to be installed during a test. With each device being uniquely
identifiable, a large-scale PSP/TSP test can be operated on a single computer or by a small data acquisition team.

45

Product Catalog

Instrument Control
4.1 PULSE/DELAY GENERATOR
Product ID: PSG-3
The PSG-3 is a four-channel pulse/delay generator. It can be used as a master clock
for timing and delay control. It can be externally triggered or gated by an external
event. Pulse width, delay, repetition rate, and other timing parameters can becontrolled by one of two available interfaces

SPECIFICATIONS
I/O Configuration
TTL Outputs
InputsDivide-by-NInternal Generator
Repetition Rate
Resolution
Burst Mode
Output Modes
Master Clock
Timing Clock Settings
Programming
Control Mode
Multiplex
Divide-by-N

4 standard, 4 high-current(mirroring standard)
1 Ext. Trig. Input
1 Inhibit
1 input, 1 output
0.100 Hz to 25.00 MHz
20 nanoseconds
1 – 131,072 pulses
Single-shot, burst, continuous
50 MHz, +/- 30 ppm
Dual Clocks allow forindependent repetition rates
from one PSG-3
20-, 40-, 80-, 160-ns
Internally triggered, externallytriggered and/or gated.
Generator 1 & 2 can be
independently set to internallyor externally triggered.
None
2-255

Trigger Input
ThresholdMax Input Voltage
Max Input Frequency
Input Impedance
TTL Outputs
Output Impedance

0.05 - 5.0 V
7.0 V
5 MHz
>1 M Ω

50 Ω
@ 50 Ω: 2.5 V (Standard outputs)
Output Voltage@ 1 K Ω: 4.0 V (High-current
outputs)
Pulse Width
20 ns to 10.736 s
Delay Width
20 ns to 10.736 s
Rise Time
4 ns
Fall Time
4 ns
Communication Interfaces
Ethernet
1 input, 10/100 Mbps
USB 2.0
RJ-11
Power Input
External Power Input
ExportECCN

1 input, type B
2, sync in and sync out(Master/slave configuration.)
85-264 VAC, 50-60 Hz
EAR99

46

Product Catalog

4.2 MOTORIZED ZOOM LENS CONTROLLER
Product ID: LC-1
The CCTV Lens Controller (LC-1) is a control device for motorized zoom lenses with motorizediris. The LC-1 can operate lenses with up to three motors with or without potentiometers. The
Ethernet connection makes communication much simpler than traditional serial lenscontrollers and also allows it to be operated over a longer distance than serial devices. Not
compatible with auto-iris.
•
•
•
•
•
•

Remotely control lenses with 9-12V motors
Interface for 10/100 Mbps Ethernet
Multiple devices can be connected and simultaneously controlled over a
network
Easy to use software interface or API commands
Unlimited programmable preset capability to easily store and recall saved positions on the lensKeyed connection for lens communication

Uses for this device include Closed-circuit television systems (CCTV), event monitoring, machine vision, and optical based measurements in windtunnels or other large test facilities.
**Lens not included**

SPECIFICATIONS
Power
Lens Voltage Range

100-240 V, 50-60Hz, 0.3A
9-12V

Operating Temperature
Interface
Lens inputs
Presets
Software
ECCN

2-60 ˚C
10/100 Mbps Ethernet
1
Unlimited, programmable
Windows GUI, TCP/IP API
EAR99

47

Product Catalog

4.3 MOTORIZED ZOOM LENS CONTROLLER
Product ID: LC-1S
The Motorized Zoom Lens Controller (LC-1S) is a compact controller for CCTV lenses. The LC-1S
can operate lenses with up to three motors with or without potentiometers as well as auto-iris lenses
with DC or Video iris.
•
•
•
•
•
•

Remotely control motorized zoom lenses (6-16V) with auto-iris (DC and Video type)Interface for 10-100 Mbps Ethernet
Multiple devices can be connected and simultaneously controlled over a network
Easy to use software interface or API commands
Unlimited programmable preset capability to easily store and recall saved positions
on the lensKeyed connection for lens communication

Uses for this device include Closed-circuit television systems (CCTV), event monitoring, machine vision, and optical based measurements in wind tunnels
or other large test facilities.
**Lens not included**

SPECIFICATIONS
Power
Input
Lens Voltage Range

100-240 V, 50-60Hz
6.5-28VDC, 0.75A (nominal)
6-16V (Set based on lens)Operating Temperature
Interface
Lens inputs
Presets
Software
ECCN

2-60 ˚C
10/100 Mbps Ethernet
1
Unlimited, programmable
Windows GUI, TCP/IP API
EAR99

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4.4 EF/EF-S LENS CONTROLLER
Product ID: Controller: LC-2, Adapters: LC-2A-C, LC-2A-M42, LC-2A-T, LC-2A-T18, LC-2A-M58-75
The Canon® EF/EF-S Lens Controller is small and compact and can operate most Canon® (USM),
Sigma® (HSM) and Tamron® (USD) EF/EF-S lenses including L series and both APS-C and full-frame
models, with and without image stabilization. The controller is paired with an appropriate lens adapter
to communicate with a lens.
•
•
•
•
•
•

Accurate control of Focus, and aperture
Auto-detection of attached lens and F-number with included LC-2A lens adapter for C-, T-,
M42 or M58x0.75 mounting.
Interface for 10/100 Mbps Ethernet
Integrate with API command structure
Multiple devices can be connected and simultaneously controlled over a network
Unlimited programmable preset capability to easily store and recall saved positions on the lens**Lens not included**

SPECIFICATIONS
Power
Input
Operating Temperature
Interface
Lens inputs
Lens Adapter
Presets
Software
ECCN

100-240 V, 50-60Hz
6.5-28VDC, 0.75 A
2-60 ˚C
10/100 Mbps Ethernet
1
C, M42, T, M58x0.75
Programmable
Windows GUI, TCP/IP API
EAR99

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Product Catalog

Lens Adapter Models
Standard lens mounts are available for the adapters. For cameras with
non-standard mounts, customization of the lens adapter is available at an
added cost. If the flange focal distance does not equal 44.0 mm with thelens adapter and camera, a separate adapter will be needed or a custom
lens adapter will need to be constructed.

EF-c Lens Adapter (LC-2A-C)

EF-M42x1 Lens Adapter (LC-2A-

A popular mount for lower resolution image sensors, the c-mount is a 25mm threaded optics mount. The front side of the adapter features an EF
adapter ring to lock the lens in place and pins to make contact with thepads on the lens. The back side is a male c-mount threaded screw
mount which threads directly into a camera lens mount.

A popular mount for medium to high resolution image sensors, the M42mount is a 42 mm threaded optics mount. The front side of the adapter
features an EF adapter ring to lock the lens in place and pins to makecontact with the pads on the lens. The back side is a male M42x1.0
metric threaded screw mount which threads directly into a camera lens
mount.

EF-M42x0.75 Lens Adapter

EF-M58x0.75 Lens Adapter (LC-2A-

The “T” mount is a common lens mount for astronomy cameras and otheroptical assemblies. The front side of the adapter features an EF adapter
ring to lock the lens in place and pins to make contact with the pads on
the lens. The back side is a male M42x0.75 metric threaded screw
mount which threads directly into a camera lens mount. Also available
in short 18mm thickness (LC-2A-T18).

The M58 adapter is used on cameras with large format, high-resolution
imaging sensors. The front side of the adapter features an EF adapter
ring to lock the lens in place and pins to make contact with the pads on
the lens. The back side is a male M58x0.75 metric threaded screw
mount which threads directly into a camera lens mount.

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Product Catalog

4.5 Integrated EF Lens Controller (Summer 2021)
Product ID: LCI-EF-XXX-YYY
Designed for integrators, the integrated EF lens controller is ISSI's next generation EF
lens controller which packages all functions of the LC-2 EF lens controller into the lens
adapter. The controller is designed to operate Canon® EF, EF-S and L series IS auto
focus lenses as well as Sigma® and Tamron® EF lenses. Commands for the controller
can be written into existing software for both Windows and Linux via API commands. The
controller fits a variety of camera interfaces and can also be customized to fit a specificcamera body. This controller features an RS-232/422/485 serial or I²C interface.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Remotely control Canon®, Sigma® and Tamron® EF/EF-S auto focus (AF)lenses on any camera
Accurate and repeatable control of Focus, and Aperture (Iris)
Image stabilization control (IS for Canon®, OS for Sigma® and VC for
Tamron®)Auto-detection of attached lens and F-number stops with included lens adapter
Lens drift compensation
Current zoom position reading (for zoom lens)RS-232 Serial Interface
Easy to use software interface and ASCII-based commands via serial port (RS232)
Programmable preset capability to easily store and recall saved focus/aperture
positions on the lensc-, M42-, T-, M58 and custom mount options available

Ordering Information:••

Specify Communication Protocol (XXX)
Specify Camera Connection (YYY)**Lens not included**

SPECIFICATIONS
Power
Input
Operating Temperature
Interface
Lens inputs
Lens Adapter
Presets
Software
ECCN

100-240 V, 50-60Hz
6.5-28VDC, 0.75 A
2-60 ˚C
Serial RS-232/422/485, I²C
1
c, M42, T, M58 (customization available)
Programmable
Windows GUI, ASCII
EAR99

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Product Catalog

4.6 EF Zoom Lens Controller
Product ID: LC-PZA2
The EF Zoom Lens Controller is designed to operate EF zoom lenses, giving full control ofthe zoom, focus and aperture of a lens. The controller is designed to operate Canon® EF,
EF-S and L series IS auto focus lenses as well as Sigma® and Tamron® EF
lenses. Commands for the controller can be written into existing software for both Windows
and Linux via API commands. The controller pairs with a LC-2A adapter to connect to avariety of camera mounts.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Remotely control Canon®, Sigma® and Tamron® EF/EF-S auto focus (AF)lenses on any camera
Accurate and repeatable control of Zoom, Focus, and Aperture (Iris)
Image stabilization control (IS for Canon®, OS for Sigma® and VC for Tamron®)Auto-detection of attached lens and F-number stops with included lens adapter
Lens drift compensation
Auto-detection of zoom range and position (for zoom lens)
10/100 Mbps Ethernet Interface
Programmable preset capability to easily store and recall saved zoom/focus/aperture positions on the lensc-, M42-, T-, M58 and custom mount options available to connect to a camera

SPECIFICATIONS
Power
Input
Operating Temperature
Interface100-240 V, 50-60Hz
12VDC, 1.5A
2-60 ˚C

Lens inputs
Lens Adapter

1c, M42, T, M58 (customization available) –sold separately
Programmable
Windows GUI, TCP/IP API, ASCII
EAR99

Presets
Software
ECCN

10/100 Mbps Ethernet (RJ45), RS-232/422/485
Serial52

Product Catalog

4.7 PSP/TSP Calibration System
Product ID: CAL-04, CTC-04
The PSP/TSP calibration system is a multi-function system designed for controlling the mass-flow of two gases and temperature within a sealed cell.
This evolution of ISSI’s pressure and temperature sensitive paint calibration system utilizes a gas flow design whereby the nitrogen to oxygen mass
flow ratio is controlled to simulate pressure.

The advantage of this technique is the ability to simulate pressures from 0 to 4.0 bar without the noise and complexity of the diaphragm pump. Nitrogenand oxygen from gas bottles flow into the gas inlet fittings on the calibration box via appropriate dual stage regulators. The mixed gas exits thecalibration system box via the output rear fitting and then into the calibration head where the gas flows over the sample. The temperature control has
been upgraded to provide faster temperature control and improved stability. All of the displays are backlit and colored for ease of recognition.

Calibration Control System (CAL-04)

Calibration Cell (CTC-04)

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Product Catalog

CAL-04 Control Box

CTC-04 Calibration Cell

SPECIFICATIONSPowerInterface
Pressure Range

100-240 V, 50-60Hz
10/100 Mbps Ethernet
0.0 - 4.0 bar

Temperature Range
Pressure Accuracy
Temperature Accuracy
SoftwareWarranty
ECCN

0 – 70 ˚C
0.5% of full scale
0.1 ˚CPT Control (Windows 7, 10)
1 year
EAR99**ISSI does NOT supply bottle gas or regulators**

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Product Catalog

4.8 PSP/TSP Optics
Optical kits include all filters and lenses necessary for PSP and TSP measurements. Each paint requires a specific wavelength filter to separate theLED excitation from the PSP/TSP emission before the signal enters the camera lens. Optical kits are available for c- and EF-mount lenses.

Product ID: OP-K-C
The c-mount optical kit contains three c-mount lenses to be used on the PSP-CCD-C and PSP-CCD-M cameras. The kit also contains all appropriate
filters corresponding to the paints in the PSP-K pressure sensitive paint kit.

Product ID: OP-K-EF
The Canon® EF optical kit contains two Canon® EF lenses to be used on the PSP-CCD-C and PSP-CCD-M cameras. The kit also contains all
appropriate filters corresponding to the paints in the PSP-K pressure sensitive paint kit.

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Product Catalog

5 | Molecular Iodine Vapor Reference Cells
Molecular iodine cells are used in spectroscopic applications, precise wavelength calibration and as a frequency reference. The spectrum of molecular
Iodine includes discret rotational and vibrational bands with very fine structure in the visible (490-650 nm) spectrum. More recently, Iodine has beenused as frequency discriminators in Planar Doppler Velocimetry (PDV) and Filtered Rayleigh Scattering (FRS) systems. When used in PDV/FRS
systems, the stability of the Iodine cell transmission-vs-frequency profile has been identified as a significant source of error. This instability is caused
by variations in the Iodine number density. The number density (pressure) of the Iodine vapor is a strong function of temperature, and therefore, smallchanges in cell temperature (~ 0.1 °C) can have significant impact on the transmission-vs-frequency profile.

Planar Doppler Velocimetry (PDV, also known as Doppler Global Velocimetry, DGV) is an image-based technique that is capable of producing threecomponent velocity measurements in a plane. With PDV, one measures the Doppler shift of light scattered by seed particles in the flow, similar to
LDV. To perform PDV, the flow is seeded with scattering particles and a laser sheet is used to illuminate the interrogation region. The interrogation
region is imaged through molecular absorption filters by several CCD cameras and the images are post-processed using a set of calibration images
to determine velocities. With PDV, one measures the Doppler shift of light scattered by seed particles in the flow, similar to LDV. The Doppler shift isdependent on the incident light wavelength, the velocity of the scattering particle, and the observation and incident light directions. With LDV, theDoppler shift is determined using heterodyne detection of the beat frequency between the incident and scattered (Doppler shifted) light. For PDV, amolecular or atomic vapor filter is used as the frequency discriminator.

Planar Doppler Velocimetry Data

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Product Catalog

5.1 Permanently Sealed Molecular Iodine Cell
Product ID: I2S-5, I2S-10
To create the permanently sealed starved cell, the cell is evacuated and cold-finger filled with
Iodine is brought to the desired vapor pressure (cold-finger operating temperature). The stem
between the cold-finger and cell is then permanently sealed with a torch, isolating the Iodine in
the cell body and fixing the number density. The cell is then operated 10-20 °C above the coldfinger set temperature and the Iodine in the cell is a super-heated vapor with a set number
density. The result is a molecular cell with a very stable absorption spectra.
Permanently sealed iodine-vapor cells are 3-in.-dia, 5-in.-long or 10-in.-long Pyrex cells. Thesecells are manufactured with a prescribed iodine partial pressure (specified by user at time oforder). In addition, the transitions can be pressure broadened with nitrogen partial pressure(specified at time of order).
Standard Sealed Unit Includes:
1.

Pyrex cell with optical-grade Pyrex windows.

2.

Anodized-aluminum housing with post-mounting surface and 1/4 -20 threaded holes.

3.

Heating mat and one type-K thermocouple.

4.

Insulation to limit heat transfer to aluminum housing.

5.

Absorption scan to document iodine conditions.

SPECIFICATIONS FOR I2S-5 & I2S-10
LengthDiameter
Housing

125mm, 250mm
76mm
Anodized Aluminum

Mounting
Maximum Operating Temperature
Thermocouple
Set Point
Warranty
ECCN¼”-20 Threaded
130 ˚CType T
30 ˚C – 50 ˚C
1 yearEAR99

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Product Catalog

5.2 Manifold Molecular Iodine Cell
Product ID: I2M-5, I2M-10
To create a sealed starved cell with a flexible set point, a glass cell with an attached cold-finger and vacuum
port is constructed. The vacuum port and cold-finger include stopcocks. The cell is evacuated and cold-finger
filled with Iodine is brought to the desired vapor pressure (cold-finger operating temperature). The stem
between the cold-finger and cell is then closed by closing the stopcock, isolating the Iodine in the cell body andfixing the number density. The cell is then operated 10-20 °C above the cold-finger set temperature and the
Iodine in the cell is a super-heated vapor with a set number density. The result is a molecular cell with a very
stable absorption spectra.
Iodine-vapor cells with a manifold are 3-in.-dia, 5-in.-long or 10-in.-long Pyrex cells. Standard cells are
manufactured with 1/4 gm of iodine (actual pressure determined by temperature of water-cooling jacket at thetime of operation). In addition, transitions can be pressure broadened with buffer gas supplied by user througha fill-port.
Standard Manifold Unit Includes:
1.

Pyrex cell with optical-grade Pyrex windows.

2.

Anodized-aluminum housing with 1/4 -20 mounting holes.

3.

Water-jacketed iodine reservoir with Teflon valve.

4.

Evacuation/fill port with Teflon valve.

5.

Cell-heating mat, manifold-heating mat, and two type-K (or user-specified)thermocouples.

6.

Two 1/4 -in.-tubing fittings for connection to temperature-controlled water
source (user supplied).

7.

One 1/4 -in.-tubing fitting for evacuation and buffer-gas (user supplied)
filling.

8.

Insulation to limit heat transfer to aluminum housing.

SPECIFICATIONS FOR I2M-5 & I2M-10
LengthDiameter
Housing

125mm, 250mm
76mm
Anodized Aluminum

Mounting
Maximum Operating Temperature
Thermocouple
Set Point
Warranty
ECCN¼”-20 Threaded
130 ˚CType T
30 ˚C – 50 ˚C
1 yearEAR99

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Product Catalog

6 | Software
6.1 ProAcquire PSP/TSP Acquisition Software
Product ID: PRO-ACQ
ProAcquire is an image acquisition software for PSP and TSP measurements. ProAcquire is compatible with PSP-CCD series cameras. Cameras,
LEDs, pulse generators and lens controllers can be controlled from multiple viewing angles over a local network. The standard version of ProAcquire
operates with ISSI cameras, lamps, lens controllers, and pulse generators.
ProAcquire enables three separate operating modes of the camera: 1.) Radiometric acquisition (also referred to as "intensity mode"), 2.) Lifetime
Accumulation mode and 3.) Single-Shot Lifetime acquisition.

ProAcquire User Interface

ProAcquire Multi-Camera Acquisition
Data taken in ProAcquire is stored as a 12- or 14-bit .TIFF file which can be opened by either: OMS-Lite, OMS Professional or OMS Fast. For adetailed explanation of the features of ProAcquire, please see the user manual.

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Product Catalog

6.2 OMS-Lite Beginner PSP/TSP Post-Processing
SoftwareProduct ID: OMS-4.0LT

OMS-Lite is a beginner version of our OMS Professional package. OMS-Lite supports GUI-based PSP/TSP data processing in an interactive mode.
The data reduction procedure for PSP involves taking the ratio of wind-off / wind-on images and converting this image to pressure using a calibrationthat relates this ratio to pressure. In practice, several other image processing steps are often required. These steps can include compensating for the
background lighting, image alignment, image filtering, in-situ calibration, temperature correction, all of which are supported by OMS-Lite. The userinterface allows the user to load the relevant wind-off and wind-on data files, and to access any of the image processing and calibration features.

Additional Items••

Additional OMS-Lite Seat: OMS-4.0LTST
Additional year of support and upgrades: OMS-4.0LTSP

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Product Catalog

6.3 OMS-Professional Advanced PSP/TSP PostProcessing Software
Product ID: OMS-4.0P
OMS Professional is a data processing software developed for higher-end users for experiments with multiple cameras and test conditions. OMS
Professional includes many image-editing and data processing tools that the basic OMS-Lite does not. These tools include ROI filtering, bitmap
mapping to 3D mesh and batch processing and image processing on-mesh. A region of interest can be selected and cleaned up in OMS Professional
to produce presentation quality data for pressure or temperature measurements.

Pressure Over Surface of Delta Wing in OMS Professional
Many additional features are available in OMS Professional to clean up images. Imperfections such as screw holes, markers, and paintimperfections can be removed from the field.
Additional Items••

Additional OMS Professional Seat: OMS-4.0PST
Additional year of support and upgrades: OMS-4.0PSP

No ROI Filtering (OMS-Lite)

ROI Filtering (OMS Professional)

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7 | Packaged Systems
Pressure and Temperature Sensitive paint is more than just the paint itself. Using the correct hardware is paramount to the success of the test. ISSI
packages hardware and software with the appropriate paint to create a customer-tailored measurement system.

7.1 Small-Scale Academic PSP/TSP Systems
The educational PSP/TSP system provides everything needed to get started with PSP and TSP. This system provides high spatial resolution, excellent
dynamic range, but lower data capture rates than our higher-end systems. For applications where time in the wind tunnel is not a critical issue, it
represents an excellent cost/performance trade-off. This system provides full capability for undergraduate demonstrations, training, and laboratory
exercises. It will support all but the most demanding graduate and faculty research programs requiring distributed pressure and temperature
measurements in wind tunnel environments. The system employs proven ISSI LED technology for excitation of the luminous probes in the paints.
The camera is based on a color CCD chip, eliminating the need for a filter wheel when using bi-luminophore paints. The OMS-Lite software package
is easy to use and fully supports the educational and research capabilities of the PSP/TSP system.
Components Include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Color CCD Camera
2-inch air-cooled LED for radiometric PSP/TSP
Parabolic Reflector and Diffusor
Pulse/delay generator
Pressure and Temperature Sensitive Paint Starter Kit
Optical kit with lenses and appropriate long-pass filters for PSP/TSP
Wing models
OMS-Lite single-user license

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7.2 Large-Scale Commercial PSP/TSP Systems
The distinction from the small-scale system is the level of integration and number of components. Large-scale PSP/TSP systems have been deployedin many transonic and low-speed wind tunnels around the world.

A large-scale production test typically will involve multiple cameras and LEDs to capture the entire surface of the model. The images from each camera
are stored on a master PC for post-processing. The individual images are then stitched together to create the entire model surface. Systems such as
this are integrated into the tunnel and move with the model as it changes yaw or angle of attack.

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Product Catalog
Components May Include Multiples of:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

PSP-CCD-C/M Color CCD Camera
4-inch air-cooled LED for radiometric PSP/TSP
2-inch water-cooled LED for radiometric PSP/TSP
3-inch vortex-cooled LED for radiometric PSP/TSP
PSG-3 Pulse/delay generator
PSP-K Pressure and Temperature Sensitive Paint starter kit
OP-K Optical kit with lenses and appropriate long-pass filters for PSP/TSP
SYS-BOX containing PSP/TSP acquisition hardware
LC-1S Ethernet based lens controller for remote focus zoom lens (large facilities)
LC-2 Ethernet based lens controller for EF/EF-S lenses
OMS Professional post-processing software package
Multi-camera control acquisition software

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Product Catalog

8 | Surface Stress Sensitive Film
Shear Stress Sensitive Film (S3F) is an elastic polymer film embedded with a fluorescent dye andcoated with surface markers. The film is illuminated with an LED light source to excite the dye andsurface markers. The surface is imaged with a scientific camera to monitor deformation of the layer
due to shear and normal forces. The film is imaged unloaded and then loaded to compare thedifference in normal force and shear. Shear is measured by tracking the movement of the surface
markers within the film (of known shear modulus and thickness) resulting from an applied tangentialload. The technique is similar to PIV for shear measurements for particle tracking. Upon removal of
the load, the film returns to its original form.
Normal forces are measured by the differing fluorescent dye concentrations (intensity levels) due tonormal force loading where pressure gradients are produced. As the film is loaded, it deforms locallyand therefore less dye is present in that area. The film cannot be used to measure changes in staticpressure, only pressure gradients, which means it is insensitive to static pressure changes. Therefore,
the film experiences minimal crosstalk between shear and normal force measurements.
Applications for S3F range from insect locomotion to biomedical analysis of the human gait toautomobile and aircraft tire rollover and even hydrodynamic applications. They polymer layer can betuned to a specific shear modulus to allow the sensor to operate over specific ranges depending on the application.

FootSTEPS Gait Analysis Sensor System (Left), Aircraft Tire Footprint from Aircraft Tire S3F System (Right)

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Product Catalog

8.1 Miniature S3F Sensor
SystemProduct ID: FTS3F-DM
The miniature S3F system is a small packaged S3F imaging system for measuring shear
forces of an object moving along the surface. It utilizes a high-resolution camera and built-in
LED array to image a Surface Stress Sensitive Film (S3F) layer, polymerized on a glass
window.
The system features an active measurement area of 2.5 x 2.5 inches with a spatial resolutionof 1-2 mm. The size makes the system ideal for small scale testing of insects or small
animal/reptile footprint measurements. The S3F layer can be made to a specified shear range
for different applications. The interchangeable top window frame can be purchased separately
if additional layers with differing shear ranges are required.

Shear Vectors from Spider Footprint on Miniature S3F SystemPower110-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz

InterfaceUSB 3.0

Pressure Range

15-700 kPa.

Linear Shear Range

3 to ±100 kPa. Also not the saturation point.

Accuracy±5% of full scale for both pressure and shear

Data Capture Rate

15 fpsSpatial Resolution

1-2 mmCrosstalkLess than 3% between pressure and shear

Active Measurement Area

5 cm x 5 cm (2.5 in x 2.5 in)Size

12.7 cm (L) by 20.3 cm (W) by 13.9 cm (H) (5 in by 8 in by 5.5 in)

Weight4.6 kg (10 lb)

ECCN

EAR99

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8.2 Intermediate S3F Sensor
SystemProduct ID: IMS3F-1
The Intermediate S3F Sensor System utilizes a high-resolution camera to image ISSI’s Surface
Stress Sensitive Film (S3F) layer, polymerized on a glass window. This serves as a sensor forsmaller applications such as insect and reptile gait studies as well as small areas of the body andsmall tire applications.

Shear Vectors from a Subject Hand on Intermediate S3F SystemPower110-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz

InterfaceUSB 3.0

Linear Pressure Range

15-700 kPa

Linear Shear Range

3 to ±100 kPa. Also not the saturation point.

Accuracy±5% of full scale for both pressure and shear

Data Capture Rate

60 fpsSpatial Resolution

1.2 mmCrosstalkLess than 3% between pressure and shear

Active Measurement Area

20.3 cm x 30.5 cm (8 in x 12 in)Size

40.6 cm (L) by 40.6 cm (W) by 42 cm (H) (16 in by 16 in by 16.5 in)

Weight34 kg (75 lb)

ECCN

EAR99

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8.3 FootSTEPS Gait Analysis Sensor System
Product ID: FS3F-1
The FootSTEPS system is used to conduct gait analysis of the human foot. One
area of interest in gait analysis is related to ulcer formation in diabetic feet. Peakplantar pressure has been used as a predictor of ulcer formation in the past but
studies have yielded only moderate correlations between diabetic foot ulcers andpeak plantar pressure. Plantar shear is being investigated as a source of ulcer
formation and only FootSTEPS provides the capability and resolution necessary
to conduct both plantar shear and peak plantar pressure studies simultaneously.
Note: Normal forces measured by FootSTEPS are referenced using apressure platform underneath the system.
Why FootSTEPS?
High-resolution visualization of plantar interactions with the ground will help toevaluate pressure and shear data at specific plantar locations during gait. The
information gained from studies using FootSTEPS for diabetic patients may help to predict skin breakdown and ulcer formation. Custom orthotics canbe designed specifically for each patient to mitigate development of ulceration or tissue breakdown in the foot.

Power

110-240 VAC, 50-60 Hz

InterfaceUSB 3.0, USB 2.0

Linear Pressure Range

15-700 kPa. Unsaturated response over 2,000 kPa (In conjunction with a pressure platform)

Linear Shear Range

3 to ±100 kPa. Not the saturation point.

Accuracy±5% of full scale for both pressure and shear

Data Capture Rate

50 fpsSpatial Resolution

1.2 mmCrosstalkLess than 3% between pressure and shear

Active Measurement Area

32 cm x 43 cm (12.6 in x 17 in)

Data Streams

Synchronized using force plate SYNC signal

Size

91.4 cm (L) by 53.3 cm (W) by 54.9 cm (H) (36 in by 21 in by 21.6 in) not including force plate.

Weight138 kg (305 lb)

ECCN

EAR99

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8.4 S3F Point Sensor
The S3F point sensor utilizes ISSI’s patented Surface Stress Sensitive Film (S3F) layer, polymerized
over a displacement sensor. The point sensor is fully submersible and can be integrated into model
walls. The casting process makes the sensor customizable to match model geometry. A displacement
sensor is embedded within the S3F layer.
The sensor is displaced laterally during contact, primarily by shear forces. Cross-correlation analysis
quantifies the displacements produced by shear. Normal displacements can also be detected by thesensor. 3-D displacement maps provide rapid visualization of the shear patterns produced by contact.
Reconstruction of the shear forces is provided by offline analysis using a calibration of the S3F with the measured displacements as inputs.

SPECIFICATIONSInterfaceUSB 3.0

Linear Pressure Range

15-700 kPa)

Linear Shear Range

3 to ±100 kPa. Not the saturation point.

Accuracy±5% of full scale for both pressure and shear

Data Capture Rate

Up to 1kHz

Spatial Resolution

3 mm

CrosstalkLess than 3% between pressure and shear

Active Measurement
Area

80mm²

Size

User Selectable

ECCN

EAR99

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9 | Ordering
For customers inside the United States, please contact our sales department at issi-sales@innssi.com.
ISSI accepts major credit cards. Please note that credit card fees apply.

Outside of the U.S., ISSI has distributors in several countries. To purchase ISSI products in these countries, contact your local distributor.

ISSI Distributors
EuropeAircraft Research Association
Manton Lane, Bedford, England MK41 7PF
Tel: +44 (0) 1234 350681
Fax: +44 (0) 1234 328584
www.ara.co.uk
pspsales@ara.co.uk

China
Shanghai Bojun M&E Technology Development Co., Ltd.
Room 210
No. 951, Shilong Road,
Shanghai, China, 200237
Tel: +86 (0) 21 80392730
http://www.shbojun.com/
Mr. Xie Jue: 13636322354@163.com

India
Sensol Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
#S/1735/D, 1st E Main Road, 4th Cross, 2nd Stage,
D - Block, Rajajinagar, Bangalore – 560010, India
Phone: +91 80-41649171
Fax: +91 80-41649730
www.sensol-india.com
Mr. Rajan Kumar: rajan@sensol-india.com

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Japan
Seika Digital Image Corporation
Measuring Systems Group
Taku-Akasaka Building
4-9-6, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo
107-0052 Japan
Tel: +81-3-3405-1288
Fax: +81-3-3405-1282
http://www.seika-di.com/
Mr. Masashi Yasuki: yasuki@seika-di.com

South Korea
JungJin Pressure Systems#1024 Orange Zone ITECO
Jojeong-Daero, 150
Hanam City, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
Tel: 82-31-790-4090~1
Fax: 82-31-790-4093
www.ipressure.co.kr/
Mr. Jong-Uk Lee: jjsys@jungjinsystem.com

TurkeyStar Teknik Elektronik Cihazlar San.ve Tic. Ltd. Sti
Barbaros Mh. Başkan Sk. No: 23 /1-2
34662 Üsküdar / Istanbul
Tel: 0090 216 651 07 00
Fax: (0216) 651 07 14
http://www.starteknik.net/
Sales: info@starteknik.com.tr

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