Environment Report 2000
Toward a Recycle-Oriented Society
for Sustainable Development

Hitachi Group쏋쏋Company Profile (As of March 31, 2000)

Scope of the Environmental Report

This report was prepared focusing on the results and activities of fiscal
1999 (April 1, 1999 through March 31, 2000).
The report covers the results of Hitachi, Ltd. and the 20 affiliated firms
listed below.
The release of the next Environmental Report is planned for May 2001.

Corporate name:

Hitachi, Ltd.

Incorporated:

February 1, 1920 (Founded 1910)

Principal office:6, Kanda-Surugadai 4-chome, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 101-8010, Japan

Representative:

Etsuhiko Shoyama, President and Director

Information Systems & Electronics—Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd.,

Paid-in capital:¥281,738 million

Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd., Hitachi Medical Corporation, Hitachi

20 Affiliated Firms Included in the Scope of This Report

Denshi, Ltd., Hitachi Electronics Engineering Co., Ltd., Hitachi
쏋

Hokkai Semiconductor, Ltd.

Financial Summary for the Year Ended March 31, 2000
Unconsolidated

Consolidated

Net sales¥3,771,948 million¥8,001,203 million

Net profit¥1,172 million¥16,992 million

Employees

59,692337,911

Consolidated figures include 1,047 subsidiaries.

Power & Industrial Systems—Hitachi Air Conditioning Systems
Co., Ltd., Babcock-Hitachi K.K., Tokico, Ltd., ShinMaywa Industries,
Ltd., Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Hitachi Electric
Systems Co., Ltd., Hitachi Haramachi Electronics Co., Ltd.
Consumer Products—Hitachi Media Electronics Co., Ltd., Hitachi
Maxell, Ltd., Hitachi Joei Tech Co., Ltd., Hitachi Tochigi Electronics
Co., Ltd.

Changes in Consolidated Results
Net Sales (billions of yen)

Materials—Hitachi Cable, Ltd., Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.,쏋

8,123.8

8,523.1 8,416.8

7,977.3 8,001.2

Operating Income (Loss) (billions of yen)
332.5
297.1
209.0
174.3

’96

’97

’98

’99

’95

’96

’97

’98

The 20 affiliated firms above were selected because they are significant
in terms of the number of energy consumers, the amount of waste
discharged, the number of employees and similar factors. These firms plus
Hitachi, Ltd. account for approximately 40% of consolidated net sales(see left).
쏋

-34.0

’95

Hitachi Metals, Ltd.

’99

Net Sales by Industry Segment, FY99 (billions of yen) Operating Income by Segment, FY99 (billions of yen)Contents● Message from the President .......................................................1● Environmental Management System.........................................2

Fundamental Principles of Environmental Activities ..............2
Services& Other
2,146.1 Information Systems(22%) & Electronics
3,148.9
Materials(32%)
1,346.3
Power &
(13%)
Industrial
905.0 Systems(9%) 2,372.6(24%)
Consumer
Products

52.3

49.9

53.8

Environmental Management Structure ....................................2
Standards for Corporate Activities/

41.8

Environmental Protection Action Guidelines........................3
19.9

Environmental Action Plan......................................................4● Environmental Management .....................................................5(Segments as Illustrated (Left))

GREEN 21 Activities.............................................................5
Total (Industry Segment Sales)¥9,918.9 billion

Total Segment Operating Income¥217.7 billion

Intersegment Transactions¥1,917.7 billion

Management Sector Expenses, Other¥ 43.3 billion

Consolidated Net Sales¥8,001.2 billion

Consolidated Operating Income¥174.3 billion

Note: Net Sales by Industry Segment include intersegment transactions.

Changes in Unconsolidated Results
Net Sales (billions of yen)
Income (Loss) before Income Taxes (billions of yen)

Design for Environment...........................................................8
Representative Products.........................................................11
Recycling Used Products........................................................14128.8● Consideration for Environmental Issues in Production

84.3

3,781.1 3,771.9

Environmental Accounting ......................................................7● Consideration for Environmental Issues in Products and Services ....8쏋

4,216.4 4,310.7 4,078.0

Environmental Management Performance...............................6

31.7

17.2

Activities ..................................................................................16
Resource Input and Emissions...............................................16
Prevention of Global Warming ..............................................16
Waste Reduction ....................................................................17–114.9

’95

’96

’97

’98

’99

Sales by Industry Segment, FY99 (billions of yen)

’97

’98

’99

Capital Investment (billions of yen)

160.0

Keeping the Air and Water Clean ..........................................19

The Hitachi Group’s Comprehensive Environmental Business......20● Research and Development ....................................................24

123.0

Research and Development for Environmental Preservation.....24

Electronic
Devices
635.2
(17%)

● Exchanges with Society—Environmental Communication .....25

R&D Expenditures/R&D as a Percentage
of Net Sales (billions of yen, %)

’96

’97

’98

’99

Disclosure of Information on the Environment.....................25
In Touch with Nature ............................................................26
Foundations and Institutes ....................................................26
Responding to Your Questions and Opinions .......................26

379.5 381.8 386.0 371.4

9.5%

Chemical Substance Management..........................................18● Providing Environmental Preservation Systems to Society ...20
188.0 190.0

Information &Telecommunication
Systems
1,378.5(36%)’95

9.2% 8.9%

’96

236.0

Digital Media &Consumer
Products
528.0
(14%)
Power &
Industrial
Systems
1,230.0
(33%)

’95

300.1

● Environmental Activities around the World ..........................27

8.0%● The History of Hitachi’s Approach to Environmental Issues.......28

9.8%

Supplement: Data on Environmental Performance Fiscal 1999
Questionnaire
’95

2

’96

’97

’98

’99

Hitachi Home Page: http://www.hitachi.co.jp

Environment
Environment Report
Report2000
2000

5436760

2000年環境報告書 4C

8/23 諸貫 PP下 小谷Message from the President
With the 21st century stretching out before us, we find that the innovative production methods that have supported our socioeconomic systemhave led to a number of environmental issues and that, in the name ofsustainable socioeconomic development, we must change our values
with regard to production, consumption, disposal and our way of life.
Since its founding, the Hitachi Group has consistently met or exceededsociety’s expectations with technology and reliability. In the 21st century, we will use our products and services in our role as the world’s
most reliable partner for the best solutions and as a leader in bringing
about a society in harmony with the environment in which resources
are reused and recycled.
In fiscal 1999, in addition to strengthening consolidated management,
the Hitachi Group promoted continuous improvement with the expansion of its environmental activities, GREEN 21. We have taken action
with regard to global environmental issues in a number of ways, including: reaching a higher level of consideration for environmental issues
in our products and services; developing new action plans for waste
disposal, energy saving during production and the management ofchemical substances; developing and offering services to maximize
energy efficiency; and supporting a symbiotic municipal development
project as a model environmental preservation system for society. In
addition, to quantitatively understand the effects and costs of our environmental operations, we have introduced an environmental accounting system and are concentrating the energies and abilities of the entire
Hitachi Group to promote more rational environmental operations. We
believe that responding quickly to the needs of the environment andearning society’s trust through these activities are Hitachi’s mission.
This Environmental Report details sustainable operations the HitachiGroup has advanced during fiscal 1999, while also presenting an overview of Hitachi’s environmental work to date and a look at plans forthe future.
It is our sincere wish that this report leads to a deeper understandingof the Hitachi Group’s activities and policies concerning environmental
preservation. We respectfully ask for your continued support and guidance as we face the challenges ahead.

Etsuhiko Shoyama
President and Director

Environment Report 2000

1

Environmental Management System
Fundamental Principles of Environmental Activities
Hitachi, Ltd. has embraced environmental activities since 1970. In 1972, Hitachi
began making Companywide environment-related capital expenditures, andthe progress has continued. Further,since 1973, environmental audits fromthe management’s perspective have been
included in performance evaluations.
The Environmental Protection Action
Guidelines were formulated in 1993 andhave served as the basis for the Company’senvironmental activities.
On April 1, 1999, the Hitachi Group
adopted a consolidated business structure that includes the business groupsof Hitachi, Ltd. and 35 major affiliatedcompanies.
In line with these management reforms,
Hitachi also sought to strengthen its
organizational structure to improve theCompany’s stance as regards environmental management Groupwide. One
aspect of this was the establishment of
the Senior Executive Committee for

We are assembling the collective
Environmental Policy, a top managestrength of the Hitachi Group with thement-level body led by Hitachi’s presithree goals of providing products anddent. The committee assesses and sets
services that reflect consideration for thethe course for the Hitachi Group’s polienvironment, manufacturing activities
cies regarding the environment.
with due consideration for society ofFurthermore, as a body specificallywhich Hitachi is a part, and supplying
promoting environmental activities withsociety with an environmental preservain Hitachi, Ltd., an officer in charge oftion system to achieve compatible envienvironmental management operations
ronmental preservation and economic
was appointed anew to unify the envigrowth for sustainability.
ronmental departments of each businessgroup. Affiliated companies
Environmental Activities
Environmental Management
also appointed officers incharge of environmental
ACTION
Consideration for
Consideration for
Revising
promotion (environmental
Environmental
Environmental
Environmental
Issues inIssues in Products
PolicyPLAN
Manufacturing
and Services
executive officers) and estabEnvironmental
Environmental Protection
Activities
Plans
Action Guidelines
lished similar structures.
Environmental Action
Plan
The Environmental
DO
Providing Environmental
Management Operational
Implement andPreservation Systems
CHECK
Executeto Society
Environmental
Committee was established
Auditsto consider Groupwide enviGREEN 21
ronmental issues and develop environmental awarenessCompatible Environmental Preservation andEconomic Growth for Sustainability
within the Group.

Environmental Management Structure
President

Senior Executive Committee
for Environmental Policy

Production Facilities(Head and Environmental Manager)
Business Groups(Group Directors, CEOs)(Environmental Operation Officers)

Environmental Management
Operational Committee

Affiliated Companies(President and Environmental Manager)

Corporate Environmental
Policy Division

Major Affiliated Companies(President and Environmental Officer)(Environmental Operation Officers)

Production Facilities(Head and Environmental Manager)

Environmental Committee

Senior Executive Committee forEnvironmental Policy

Environmental Management
SystemProduct Assessment
Supporting and promoting design for environment

Environment Report 2000

쏋 Environment-Related Committees
Committee Name

Meeting Schedule

Meeting Goals

Global-Warming Prevention

Senior Executive Committee
for Environmental Policy

Once/Year

Assessing and Setting Environmental
Management Policy at the Top Managerial Level

Promoting energy saving and reduced emissionsof global-warming gases

Environmental Management
Operational Committee

Twice/Year

Communication of Environmental Policy
and Operation of Activities

Recycling

Environmental Committee

Twice/Year

Assessing Environmental Issues and Setting Policy

Promoting the recycling of wastes
and the recovery and recycling of used products

2

Affiliated Companies(President and Environmental Manager)

Promoting effective environmental management Groupwide

Environmental Management System

Standards for Corporate Activities/Environmental Protection Action Guidelines
Hitachi, Ltd. formulated the Environmental Protection Action Guidelines in March 1993. The Hitachi Group conducts its environmental preservation activities based on the guidelines.

Standards for Corporate Activities • Basic Philosophy
The basic philosophy of Hitachi, Ltd. is to further promote the principles upon which the Company was
founded—harmony, sincerity and a pioneering spirit—to take pride in Hitachi and to contribute to thesociety of which Hitachi is a part through superior technologies and products.
In accord with this, the Company is fully aware that enterprises are also members of society, and, in
addition to a deep devotion to just and transparent corporate activities, the Company strives as a responsible corporate citizen to bring about a society of real wealth through harmony with the environment andthe aggressive pursuit of activities that contribute to society.

Environmental Protection Action Guidelines
The Environmental Protection Action Guidelines, as part of Hitachi’s Standards for Corporate Activities,
express standards for activities in response to environmental issues as related to the Company’s businessactivities.
1. In recognition that problems affecting the global environment

5. The Company will investigate and examine the effect of its busi-

are serious matters for all mankind, harmony with the environ-ness operations on the environment and seek to introduce newment will be a top management priority throughout thetechnologies and materials with superior functionality regarding

Company.

environmental safety, energy conservation and resource conser-

2. By establishing a structure for the promotion of environmental

vation.

protection, enacting regulations relating to the environment,

6. In addition to observing international, national and local regula-setting environmental impact reduction targets and similar

tions with regard to the environment, the Company will develop

measures, officers and site directors in charge of environmental

its own standards where necessary to maintain environmental

promotion will promote environmental preservation activities.
Moreover, environmental audits will be used to confirm theconservation.
7. With regard to overseas activities and the export of products,

efficacy of activities and in efforts for continued improvement.

the Company will give consideration to the effects on the local

3. By accurately understanding how best to resolve environmental

environment and implement measures in response to the wishes

problems facing the world, the Company will work to make contributions to society through the development of highly reliable
technologies and products that meet those needs.

of the local society.
8. In addition to working to enhance the environmental awarenessof its employees, the Company will focus such activities on soci-4. The Company gives due consideration to reducing the effectety at large, contributing to the society, of which Hitachi is aon the environment a product will have throughout its entirepart, with environmental protection activities from a broadlife cycle, from R&D and design stages through production,
logistics, use and disposal.

perspective.
9. Should an environmental problem arise as a result of the Company’s business activities, the Company will take appropriate
steps to minimize the impact on the environment.

Environment Report 2000

3

Environmental Action Plan
In conjunction with the strengthening of the Hitachi Group’s environmental management, the Environmental Action Plan was completely revised in December 1999.

Category
Environmental

GREEN 21 Activities

Item

Target Values

Improving Green Points

Increase of 21%

Target Date
FY2001(based on FY1998 levels)

Management
Environmental

Acquiring ISO 14001 certification chiefly for nonmanufac-

Management

turing sites and enhancing environmental audits

Performance

Environmental

Spreading throughout the Hitachi GroupStrengthening environmental training

Spreading throughout the Hitachi Group

Introducing environmental accounting

Hitachi, Ltd. unconsolidated *1

FY1999Spreading throughout the Hitachi Group

FY2000Over 60%

FY2003

Improve by over 40%

FY2000Consideration for

Design for

Expanding design for environment

Environmental

Environment(environmental information labeling system)
Increase the proportion of recyclable materials

and Services

FY2002

Promoting green procurement

Accounting

Issues in Products

Acquisition of certification(based on FY1992 levels)
Reduce disassembly time

Over 60% (based on FY1992 levels)

FY2000

Reduce polystyrene foam packaging

Over 60% (based on FY1990 levels)

FY2000Eliminate products using hydrochlorofluorocarbons

Complete elimination

Within Japan: End 2003

(HCFCs)Internationally: End 2006

Promote green procurement
Consideration forPreventing Global

Environmental

Warming

Issues in
Manufacturing

Reducing Industrial

Activities

Waste

Spreading throughout the Hitachi Group

Reducing basic units of CO2 emitted vs. production output

25% reduction (based on FY1990 levels)
2

FY2010

Reducing emissions of non-CO2 global-warming gases (HFCs, SF6, PFCs)*

Promotion in accord with industry’s autonomous activities plan

Reducing the amount of ultimate disposal waste

Hitachi, Ltd. unconsolidated
Below 15%

FY2005

Below 10%FY2010(based on 1991 levels)
Affiliated companies
Below 85%

FY2005

Below 75%

FY2010(based on 1998 levels)
Promoting zero-emission facilities

18 sites

FY2005

Managing Chemical

Thorough chemical substance management and planned

Spreading throughout the Hitachi Group

Substances

reduction of emissions

Supplying Environmental Preservation Systems to Society

Using the Hitachi Group’s environmental preservation technologies to reach comprehensive solutions

Research and Development

Actively promoting research and development that contributes to environmental preservation as regards products and services

Exchange with Society—In addition to seeking a broad understanding of the Hitachi Group’s environmental activities among such stakeholders

Environmental Communication

as customers, shareholders, partners, government bodies and the public at large by reporting on those activities (inenvironmental reports, exhibitions, and through other means), the Hitachi Group seeks communication with stakeholders to ensure understanding of its environmental preservation efforts.

1 Data includes data from some affiliated companies managed on an integrated basis in business operations of the parent company.
2 HFCs: hydrofluorocarbons; SF6: sulfur hexafluoride; PFCs: perfluorocarbons

4

Environment Report 2000

Environmental Management

Environmental Management
GREEN 21 Activities

Action Plan
• Improve Green Points for Fiscal
2001 by 21% over Fiscal 1998

In fiscal 1998, the Hitachi Groupestablished GREEN 21, a new system
to evaluate the Group’s environmental
performance. The self-evaluation systemscores all activities against a fixed setof standards and promotes continuous
improvement and a greater level of environmental activities. The system is also
useful for improving the environmental
management of business groups andmajor affiliated companies as well as promotes a greater degree of harmony withthe environment.
The system evaluates 43 environmental performance indicators in eight key
categories: management policies, compliance with environmental regulations,environmental accounting, the consideration for environmental issues in products and services, as well as information
disclosure and education are management performance indicators. Energy
saving at plants, recycling and the management of chemical substances areoperational performance indicators. The
total number of points—called Green
Points (GPs)—for each category is 100,and the entire evaluation has a maximum
score of 800 GPs. The scores are represented on a radar chart, allowing eachbusiness group or affiliated company toeasily use the results in decision making
regarding environmental management.
The evaluation is made annually, allowing
a quantitative assessment of the state ofcontinuing progress in implementation.
Each unit evaluates its own performance indicators with regard to eachcategory once a year and compares thescore with levels from the base year, fiscal 1998, to measure improvement. In
our pursuit of continuing improvement,
our goal for fiscal 2001 is to beat the
total score of the base year by 21%.

쏋 Hitachi Group Average GPs (FY1998)

Definition

Management
Policies

Total for each category=100 points

100

Information
Disclosureand Education

Improvement =(GPs for the new fiscal year - base year GPs)
(Full score - base year GPs)

*GP: Green Point

75

Compliance withEnvironmental
Regulations

50

25

Managementof Chemical
Substances

0

Environmental
Accounting

FY1998 Total

Recycling

462 GPs

Consideration forEnvironmental Issues
in Products and Services

Energy Saving
at Plants
쏋 Criteria for Evaluation
No.

Category

Environmental Performance Indicators

FY1998 Points

1

Management Policies

Degree of development of environmental policy, implementation structure, consistency, comprehensiveness68

2Compliance with Environmental Regulations

List of regulations, preparation and management for voluntary action plans, sufficiency of licensed and certified personnel

69

3

Environmental Accounting

Expenditures for equipment, maintenance cost, number of managing indicators

46

4

Consideration for Environmental Issues in Products and Services

Implementation of product assessments, plans for and execution of green procurement

35

5Energy Saving at Plants

Energy conservation improvement ratio, amount of energy conserved, ratio of automatic systems

53

6

Recycling

Recycling of waste at facilities and appropriate disposal of waste at facilities, recovery and recycling of products

64

7Management of Chemical Substances

System for preliminary review of the use of new chemical substances, status of Pollution Release and Transfer Register (PRTR),
plans for reduction and prohibition of substances

65

8

Information Disclosure and Education

External communication of information, internal and external awards received, local activities, education and training

Total

62
462

Environment Report 2000

5

Environmental Management Performance쏋 Overview of Hitachi’s Environmental Audits

Action Plan
• Acquiring ISO 14001 certification chiefly for nonmanufacturing sites and enhancing
environmental audits• Promoting green procurement• Strengthening environmental
education and training

Acquiring ISO 14001 Certificationand Environmental Audits
Seeking continuing improvement inenvironmental management and the
reduction of environmental risk, theHitachi Group has introduced an environmental management system based on
the ISO 14001 international standards,
and a number of facilities, principally
manufacturing centers, have been certified as ISO 14001 compliant. (See pages
1 and 2 of accompanying documents
regarding ISO 14001 certified sites.) In
the future, we will seek to continue toimprove through the promotion of anenhanced environmental management
system and pursue ISO 14001 certification for nonmanufacturing business centers, such as software and service firms.
Furthermore, to meet ISO 14001 standards, Hitachi, Ltd. introduced its own
Environment Round Audit System in
1995. The system employs a systemof round internal audits whereby audits
are performed by certified employees
assigned to units other than the unit
being audited to assure the objectivity
and fairness of the audit.
Groupwide seminars are held toimprove the quality of audits, and qualified staff are then registered as internal
auditors. As of March 2000, approximately 1,600 Hitachi Group employees
certified as auditors conducted audits atbusiness sites throughout the Group.

6

Environment Report 2000

Environmental Audit

Frequency

Auditors

Environment Policy OfficeEnvironmental Audit(Performance Audit)

Once every
3 to 4 years

Environmental auditorsfrom the Environment
Policy Office

Prevention of environmental problems
Management’s perspective of
all environmental activities

Environmental
Round System
AuditsOnce a year

Environmental auditorsfrom a facility other thanthe one to be audited

Overall efficacy of environmental management systems
Compliance with laws and regulations
Establishment of autonomous objectives and targets
relating to the environment

Internal
Environmental
Audit

At least
once a year

Environmental auditorsfrom the facility
to be audited

Efficacy of environmental management systems
at the departmental level

ISO 14001
Environmental
AuditsFurthermore, environmental audits
have been conducted as part of compliance audits since being recognized as
an issue for management in 1973.
Compliance with Laws
and Regulations
To ensure the preservation of the environment, each Hitachi Group site has
established internal standards more
stringent than most laws and external
regulations. Each site works to prevent
environmental harm through regularmeasurements and the maintenance andsupervision of environmental preservation facilities and equipment. Moreover,
specific training programs are in place toensure that each site has the required
number of employees with environmentrelated legal qualifications.

쏋 Special Qualifications/Legally Certified Staff

As of February 2000, Hitachi’s business activities required a total of 4,833 employees withspecial certifications or qualifications. The Company exceeded these requirements, having
29,279 employees with special certifications or
qualifications as of the same date.

Green Procurement
The Hitachi Group promotes green
procurement policies for administrative
materials to be used by management andnonproduction departments (office supplies, business cards, toilet paper andother supplies). Specifically, the Hitachi
Office Supply Catalog, prepared in June

Content

1998, calls for the proactive purchase of
products with minimal environmental
impact. (See page 3 of accompanying
documents for more information regarding green procurement.)* See page 10 for more information on component materials
covered under green procurement standards.

Environmental Education
and Training
The understanding of every employee
is important in our response to environmental issues. Based on its employee
education system, the Hitachi Groupholds Groupwide classes to further
develop its employees’ understanding.
Moreover, to meet specific needs of
its management strategy, each businessgroup and affiliated company pursues
education and training for employeeswith certain job classifications, newemployees and the entire Hitachi family.
쏋 Companywide Training

Companywide
Training

Environmental
Officer Training

Technical
Training

Auditing Training

Training for top
officers of facilities
Training for new
division managers
Training for new
department
managers

Strengthening consideration for theenvironment
Design technology
training
Training on energy
saving at plants
Training on energy
saving in productdesignAuditor certification
training
Auditor refresher
training

Environmental Management

Environmental Accounting
Introduction of an Environmental
Accounting System
Hitachi, Ltd. introduced an environmental accounting system to promote
efficiency and continuous improvement
in environmental investment andenvironmental activities.
Data was compiled for Hitachi, Ltd. on
an unconsolidated basis for the first fiscal
year of operations under the new system.*1
In addition to plant and equipment investment related to environmental activities
announced since fiscal 1997, costs encompassed ordinary expenditure items, such as
R&D expenditures and the cost of operating and managing environmental conservation plants.*2 Effectiveness was establishedbased on an economic result, addressed interms of monetary value, and a quantitative
effect, addressed in terms of the degreeof environmental load abatement. The economic effect was based on reliable grounds.
The quantitative effect*3 was calculated not
only on the basis of the degree of environmental load abatement during the manufacture of a product but also during theuse of the product. Eco-efficiency was also
assessed, in terms of the decrease in cost
per environmental load item.
*1 Environmental load data includes data from some affiliatedcompanies managed on an integrated basis in business
operations of the parent company.

*2 These figures are based on the “Draft Guidelines for
Measuring and Announcing Environment Cost,” Environment Agency of Japan (issued March 1999).
*3 Hitachi used its own system to estimate the abatement effectunder conditions of standard use.

Goals of the Introduction of theEnvironmental Accounting System
The environmental accounting system
was introduced as information for environmental management to promote
efficiency and continuing improvement
in environmental investment andenvironmental activities.
Furthermore, through the disclosureof information regarding the distributionof management resources to environmental activities and regarding environmental technologies and products,
Hitachi, Ltd. seeks a greater understanding of its commitment to being a company in harmony with the environment.
Environmental Accounting
Approach and Concept
Hitachi, Ltd. decided in July 1999 tointroduce the environmental accounting
system. A project team of employees
drawn from the financial and environmental divisions studied environmental
accounting items and methods. Also
during this time, Hitachi took part in a
Study Group on Practical Matters about

쏋 Environmental Accounting System Concept

Environmental Activities
Consideration forEnvironmental
Issues in
Products andServices

Consideration forEnvironmental
Issues in
Manufacturing
Activities

Environmental Management

ACTION
Cost

Environmental
Accounting

PLAN

Environmental Protection
Action Guidelines
Environmental Action Plan
Providing Environmental
Preservation Systems
to Society

Introducing Environmental Accounting
established by the Environment Agency
in June 1999. Hitachi views the system
as a means of improving eco-efficiency
and achieving rational environmental
management.
Results from the First Fiscal YearThe chart below presents an overview
of the results for fiscal 1999. (See page 3of the accompanying documents for amore detailed report.) Of special noteis that Hitachi’s R&D expenditures(¥11.14 billion) accounted for 42% of
the total expenditures and investment
related to environmental activities.
As a result, energy consumed during
the use of products by end users decreased
an estimated 165 million kWh—the equivalent of energy consumed in one year by
48,000 average households.
Future Approach to Environmental
Accounting
In the future, the data used will bedrawn for an increasing number ofHitachi Group companies. Moreover,the data will be made more comprehensive, and more details of the data will
be disclosed.
Hitachi intends to use the implementation of the environmental accounting
system to promote rational economic
management and to contribute to thesociety of which it is a part by balancing
corporate growth with the protection of
the environment.
Cost
Expenditures:
Investments:

DO
Effect¥26.7 billion¥6.76 billion

EffectEconomical Effect:

CHECK

GREEN 21
Compatible Environmental Preservation andEconomic Growth for Sustainability¥4.16 billion

Quantitative Effect(Amount Reduced/Equivalent Number of Households):• Reduction in energy used during production
94 million kWh/27,000 households• Reduction in final amount of wastes disposed
during production
792t/3,000 households• Reduction in energy consumed during use of products
165 million kWh/48,000 households

Environment Report 2000

7

Consideration for Environmental Issues in Products and Services—3R* Policies for a Recycle-Oriented Society—*3R: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

Design for Environment쏋 Product Design throughout the Entire Life Cycle

Materials

Manufacturing

Recovery andDisassembly

Use

Disposal

Action Plan
• Expand the proportion of products developed with consideration for environmental issues to
60% by FY2003

Reuse
Recycling
Development and Design
Design Procedures
Energy Saving
Resource Saving
Recyclable• Increase the proportion of recyclable materials* by over 40%
by FY2000 (based on FY1992
levels)* Proportion of recyclable materials = Weight of recyclable materials ÷ Total product weight• Reduce disassembly time to 60%
of FY1992 levels

(%)
100

Design for Environment Assessment
Tools Guidelines for the Selection of Eco-Materials
Guidelines for Integrating Gradesof Molded Plastic Materials
Life Cycle Assessments
Recycling Evaluation Method

쏋 Sample LCA

쏋 The Recyclability Concept

CO2 Emission Volume

Defined as the possibility that, using technology
currently available, a product or its components canbe recycled.

Previous Model(R-45XT)New Model(R-K46EPAM)• Reduce polystyrene foam packaging to 60% of FY1990 levels

Principal Recyclable Materials
1. Iron, steel plates, one-piece stainless steel
components
36

34

쏋 Green Products Defined

Green Products

8

2. Aluminum, copper, one-piece non-iron/steel
components
3. A- and B-rank plastics (as per the Guidelines
for the Selection of Eco-Materials)

30

Product development that seeks to minimize environmental load in all stages ofthe product’s life cycle—including theselection of a product’s component materials, its manufacture, use, recovery, disassembly and disposal (a life cycle
assessment (LCA))—is necessary for theestablishment of a recycle-oriented
society. With this in mind, we are working to create products that reflect thethree Rs—reduce, reuse and recycle—
promoting the reduction of emissions at
the disposal stage, the reuse and recycling of products and their components
and, in particular, energy savings andthe reduction of by-products at the
manufacturing and use stages.

Green Products

4. Cardboard, polystyrene foam
1.7
0

0.07

0.3

0.1

Materials Manufacture Distribution

Use

5. Motors
0.01

Recovery
Disposaland Disassembly

Total

6. CRTs
Materials Difficult to Recycle

Each business site is working toensure that goals stated in the Action
Plan are met. (See page 4 of accompanying documents for more information.)

1. Products difficult to disassemble with standard
tools
2. C- and D-rank materials (as per the Guidelines
for the Selection of Eco-Materials)
3. Electrical wires, printed wiring boards
4. Molded plastic inserts, painted items or items
glued to other items
5. Vinyl-clad steel

Design for Environment Assessments
and the Environmental Labeling
SystemThe Company embraced the concept
of assessments in terms of a product’s
design for environment in conjunction
with the promulgation of the Law for the
Promotion of Recyclable Resources in

October 1991. In March 1999, Hitachidrew up design for environment (Df E)
assessment criteria. Information regarding
each category of a product in development is recorded, and a radar chart basedon the results of the product’s environmental load assessment is prepared,쏋 Design for Environment Assessment Criteria

Assessment Category

Life Cycle

Assessment Points

Reducing

Materials, manufacture,
distribution

Resource conserving, compact, conformity, lightweight,
standardization, high yield

Environmentally Conscious Products

Longevity

Use

Upgradability, ease of repair and maintenance, durability, reliability

The product itself reduces environmental load.

Recycling

Reuse, distribution

Reusability, conformity of materials, reusability of promotion of
resource component materials, reuse, labeling of materials

Environmental Preservation Products

Disassemblability

Disassembly

Disassemblability, materials, ease of separation, labeling of materials

Use of the product reduces environmental load.

Ease ofProcessing

Manufacture, distribution,
disassembly

Crumbling, fragmentation, disassembly andseparation, ease of processing

Environmental
SafetyMaterials, manufacture,
distribution, use,disassembly, disposal

Potential levels of toxicity, injury, explosion/implosion, other hazards

Energy Saving

Use, manufacture

Energy saving, energy consumption, efficiency

Availability of Information

Use, disassembly

Availability of processing information, information regarding disposal

Environment Report 2000

Consideration for Environmental
Issues in Products and Services

쏋 Design for Environment Assessment Entry and Assessment Output

쏋 Environmental Data Sheet

Entry

Output쏋 Registration Criteria

Design for Environment Assessment Guidelines

Preparation of Designfor Environment
Assessment

Below Standard—
Reevaluate

Execution of Designfor Environment
Assessment

Evaluation
Exceeding Standard
Registered as a Green ProductEnvironmental Indication
Label Provided

allowing assessments that can be understood at a glance. Products scoring above
a certain standard on the DfE assessment
are registered as green products, and in
December 1999 a system of disclosure
guidelines was put into effect regarding
environmental information, whereby
information is presented through indicator marks and data sheets.
Selection and Integrationof Plastic Materials
Recycling efforts are under way for suchmetals as iron, copper and aluminum.
To improve the proportion of recyclable
materials, it is necessary to change tomaterials that have less environmental
impact than molded plastic materials.
With regard to the selection of molded
plastic materials, 13 selection categories—including energy consumed during manufacturing, recyclability andlongevity—were prepared in “Guidelines
for the Selection of Eco-Materials” in
1993, and the guidelines are applied
from the design stage. In 1997, Hitachirevised the guidelines to reflect changes
in materials for use in products.
In addition, criteria for integrating
molded plastic materials based on theirproperties—such as flame retardancy,
melt flow rate and flexure/resilience—
were set out in 1999 in “Guidelines for
Integrating Grades of Molded Plastic Materials.” Grade ratings for principal resinscovered in the guidelines—acrylonitrile
butadiene styrene (ABS) resin, polystyrene (PS) resin, and polypropylene(PP) resin—have been reduced by 62%.
쏋 Grades of Molded Plastic

Resin

ABS

PS

PP

Total

Prior to Integration

23

24

29

76

After Integration

9

9

10

28

Chemical Substance Management
The Pollutant Release and Transfer
Register (PRTR) Law was enacted in July
1999. In response, Hitachi revised its
autonomous management of chemical
substances with regard to their use in
consumer goods (See page 18.). Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) used as coolant inrefrigerators and as foaming agents inthermal insulation will be completely
eradicated, and, since the end of 1995,
there has been a change from the use of
CFC (HCFC-141b) as a foaming agent
in thermal insulation to the use of thehydrocarbon cyclopentane. Regarding
lead and lead compounds, also the targetof reduction activities, since 1989 wehave manufactured larger computerswith lead-free solder using tin and silver
substitutes. Moreover, since 1999 wehave manufactured notebook computers,
8mm cameras, washing machines, airconditioners and other products withlead-free solder, using tin, silver andcopper instead. In addition, our PCs
use eco-boards—halogen-free flame
retardant printed wiring boards.

*ABS = acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin; PS = polystyrene
resin; PP = polypropylene resin

Environment Report 2000

9

Recyclability Evaluations
The Disassemblability Evaluation
Method (DEM) was developed in 1993
as a quantitative measurement of theease with which a product could be disassembled and recycled after use, andstipulations regarding consumer electronics goods and office automationequipment have been implemented andenhanced. In April 2001, the Law for the
Recycling of Specified Kinds of Consumer
Electric Goods (the Consumer Electronics
Recycling Law) will take effect, requiring
manufacturers to handle recycling efforts
for products they manufacture. We haveestablished and begun using a Recycling
Evaluation Method (REM) based on theprocedures required to recycle a given
product and economic feasibility.

쏋 DEM/REM Example—Washing Machine

Design Improvements Based on Quantitative Evaluation
Basic Design

Evaluation

Decision

AcceptDetailed Design

Trial
Production

Mass
Production

RejectImprovement

Improve改良
ment
Old
After
Design Improvements

Washing Machine
Number of Components

75Time to Disassemble (minutes) 1.64

0.67

Improved Recyclability
Old Design

After Improvements(Open Front Panel)쏋 Green Procurement Guideline• Establishing an Environmental Management Structure• Carrying Out Product Assessments
1. Selection of Materials

8. Packaging Considerations

2. Resource Conservation

9. Disclosure of Information

3. Reuse of Resources
4. Ease of Disassembly
5. Materials Labeling for Plastic Components

Green Procurement
Concerning procurement, Hitachi’s green
procurement policies give priority to suppliers of products, components, materials
and other goods produced in consideration of the environment. In July 1998, we
distributed copies of our Green Procurement Guideline to 3,100 suppliers.
Each business site also conducts environmental load surveys of its suppliers,
waste disposal contractors and otherbusiness contacts, providing information
on environmental activities and conducting educational activities annually.
Hitachi supports the environmental
activities of its suppliers and other business contacts, striving for sustainableproduct development.

6. Chemical Substance Management
7. Energy Saving

쏋 Green Procurement Evaluation—Example

Energy Consumption (Monthly)

Environment Report 2000

ISO
General SpeciallyHazardous Controlled Certification
WastesWastes
Plans

Product
Class

Industrial
Hazardous
WastesOther
Wastes

0.04

1

13

420

0

0

×

0.0

2.6

1

0

0

0

800

×

23.0

0.0

1.6

1

0

0

0

400

×

4 Company D

17.5

0.0

0.0

1

14

150

0

0

×

5 Company E

11.4

0.0

0.0

0

120

1,270

0

9

○

1 Company A

1

1

1

5

1

2

0

0

5

16

2 Company B

1

1

1

5

0

0

0

3

5

16

3 Company C

1

0

1

5

0

0

0

2

5

14

4 Company D

1

0

0

5

1

1

0

0

5

13

5 Company E

1

1

0

0

3

3

0

1

0

9

Supplier
Name

Electricity

Gas

(MWh)

(km3)

(kl)

1 Company A

2.0

0.1

2 Company B

17.7

3 Company C

Oil

⁝
⁝
Evaluation Scores

⁝
⁝

10

Waste Disposal (Monthly) (kg)

Total

Consideration for Environmental
Issues in Products and Services

Representative Products
Refrigerators
Model: R-K46EPAM

Energy Savings• Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and otherenergy-saving technologies have cut annual
electricity consumption 65%, from 1,130kWh to
390kWh (compared with the 1992 model R-45XT).

쏋 One-Piece Door Liner Molding

Earlier Models

Ease of Recycling/
Disassembly

Washing Machine
Model: NW-8PAM• Reduction of total components through the
integration of the refrigerating cycle unit,
structural improvements to the multitemperature room participant, reduced number of mounting screws• One-piece door liner molding eliminates the
PVC gasket holder.
• Low-density, high-functionality design uses
less insulating polyurethane foam.
• Disclosure of materials in plastic components

Packaging Materials• Polystyrene foam cut 60% (compared with
1990 models) through the reduction of
upper cushioning materials, smaller upperand lower cushioning materials’ size.

Other• Complete eradication of CFCs (principallyfreon) as refrigerants and foaming agents forinsulating materials; use of hydrocarbon
cyclopentane as a foaming agent

Energy Savings

Water Savings

Ease of Recycling/
Disassembly

Packaging• PAM and ion cleaning cut standard-program
electricity consumption 77%, from 230Wh
to 53Wh per program (compared with the
1995 model NW-8S).
• Standard-program water use cut 36%, from194l to 125l (compared with the 1995 model
NW-8S).
• Single-stage automatic water-level setting
effectively cuts water use.
• Use of bathwater allows further reductions inwater use.

Door Gasket

Improved Design
Door Liner

Urethane

Gasket Holder (PVC)
One-Piece Door Liner
Outer Door Panel쏋 Reduced Use of Polystyrene Foam Packaging

Reinforcing
Flap
Fewer,
SmallerCushioning
Bars

Size
Reductions

Earlier Models

Improved Design

쏋 Front Panel or Top Cover Single-Action

DisassemblyControllers
Back Panel
Top Cover• One-direction, single-action disassembly(through the front panel or top cover)• Thermoplastic elastomer hose to draw
bathwater reduces PVC use.
• Electronic control board uses lead-freesolder.
• Disclosure of materials in plastic components• Use of polystyrene foam cut 50% compared with 1990 models by partitioning,use of smaller base cushioning and use ofmolded pulp.

Stainless
Steel Tub

Back

Front
Front Panel

Environment Report 2000

11

Room Air Conditioner
Model: RAS-2810LX

Energy Savings

Ease of Recycling/
Disassembly

Color Television
Model: W32-GF3

12

Environment Report 2000

• Simplification of the indoor heat exchanger fitting,fewer mounting screws reduces total number ofcomponents.
• ABS blower direction plate replaced with polystyrene, unification of plastic components• Disclosure of materials in plastic components

Packaging Materials• Use of polystyrene foam cut 60% compared with
1990 models by the elimination of polystyrene
foam from indoor unit, smaller cushions for outdoor unit and the use of molded pulp products.

Other• Uses new hydrofluorocarbon (R410A) with no
impact on the ozone layer.

Energy Savings

Ease of Recycling/
DisassemblyVideocamera
Model: E6H Series• Wide-range PAM and a motor using a highintensity magnet yield a 5.03 standard* rating,beating the 4.9 rating mandated by law for air
conditioners effective 2004.
• Annual electricity consumption has been cut
52%, from 1,988kWh to 949kWh (comparedwith the 1989 model RAS-289AX).
• Standby power requirement cut 80%, from
4W to 0.8W (compared with the 1998 modelRAS-2810KX).

• Annual electricity consumption was cut 29% comparedwith 1997 model W32-G1, from 316kWh to 225kWh.
• Standby power requirement cut 91% comparedwith 1997 model W32-G1, from 4.3W to 0.4W.
• Single-unit, buildup-type circuit boards reduceweight and the number of components.
• The front frame and back cover are made from
halogen-free materials, which have an extremely
low likelihood of generating environment-polluting
substances.
• Internal wiring does not use lead as a stabilizer for
insulating material.
• Structural components use no PVC.
• Disclosure of materials in plastic components• Uses JIS-standard screws, standard industrial tools

Packaging Materials• Use of polystyrene foam cut 60% compared with
1990 models by partitioning, use of smaller uppercushioning

Energy Savings• Video, camera and LCD circuitry uses a single LSI, cutting electricity use 11% comparedwith the 1998 model VM-H945LA.

Ease of Recycling/
Disassembly• Plastic-molded components of polystyrene
and polycarbonate replaced with ABS,
improving recycling 70%.
• Integration of the front cover and microphone
cover cuts the number of parts, from 81 to 66.

Packaging Materials• Use of polystyrene foam cut 72% comparedwith 1992 models by using thinner packaging materials and changing support for the
product.

쏋 DC Motor Using High-Intensity Magnet

Ferrite Motor

Rare EarthMotor* Standard: Average air conditioner/heater energy efficiency

쏋 Component Reduction

Earlier Models

Improved Design쏋 One-Piece Design for Front Coverand Microphone Cover
Earlier Models

Improved
DesignConsideration for Environmental
Issues in Products and Services

Notebook Computer
Model: FLORA 220FX

Energy Savings• Electricity consumption efficiency* 1/7 the standard by energy consumption by law (Category
S, electricity consumption efficiency 0.0065)*The electricity consumption efficiency value has been
calculated by dividing the power consumption, measured according to the definition in the Law concerning the Rational Use of Energy, by the value representing
the composite theoretical performance defined in the
Energy Conservation Law.

쏋 Printed Circuit Board Using Lead-Free Solder

Lead-free solder (Sn-Ag-Cu alloy)• Power supply voltage in suspended mode
declined from 5V to 3V; energy consumption
at the time of suspended mode was 1W,
which is the best value in the same category.

Railroad CoachModel: A-Train

Resource Savings• Use of a 12.1-inch LCD reduces size andweight.

Ease of Recycling• Printed circuit board using hydrogen-freeflame retardants• External casing using magnesium alloy

Packaging Materials• Polystyrene foam completely eliminated byuse of cardboard cushioning.

Energy Savings• Double aluminum shell results in coaches
30% lighter than stainless steel coach bodies,
reducing electricity use 6%.

Ease of Recycling• Improved production, disassembly and recycling through the development of functionally independent modular interior components

Ease of Disassembly• Friction stir welding (FSW) produces an elegant product with little deformation, cuttingenergy used in the manufacture of advanced
rolling stock 20%.

Next-Generation Aluminum
Car-body System

Automatic Blood
Chemistry Analyzer
Model: 7600

Product Overview• Automatic blood analyzer

Energy Savings• Specimen pass function reduces analysis andwaiting time.
• Automatic on/off control and other functions
cut electricity use 38% compared with earlier
models.

Ease of Recycling• Easy to add/remove multispecimen andmulticategory modules for flexible expansion
and disposal• Unpainted plastic molded components• Selection of materials renders surface finishing unnecessary.
• Ease of recycling improved over earlier models by 52%.

Ease of Disassembly• Disassembly time reduced 46% over earlier
models through component integration,compatibility, and shared use.
• External casing fastened with rivets.

Printed circuit board using halogen-free flame retardants

쏋 Modular Interior System

DoubleAluminum Shell
Mounting Rail

Completely
Independent
Modular Interior

Toilet Module쏋 Specimen Pass Function (Energy Saving)Main Conveyor Line (Pass Line)
Service Line (Analysis Line)

Environment Report 2000

13

Recycling Used Products
and Tokyo Eco Recycle Co., Ltd. were
established in October and December
1999, respectively.
Hitachi is cooperating with others in
the industry to advance recycling efforts
in other areas of Japan.

units and will be completed in September
2000. We hope to use the knowledge andexperience we gain from operations at
this plant in future DfE activities.
In addition to Kantou Eco Recycle,
Hokkaido Eco Recycle Systems Co., Ltd.
쏋 Overview of the Electric Home Appliances Recycling Law

Responsibility of
Manufacturers

Primary transport

Secondary transport
Money

Manifest system

Used products쏋 Flowchart for Kantou Eco Recycle Co., Ltd.

Recovery of
Urethane

Recovery of Thermal Insulating CFCs

Refrigerators

Dissassembly
by Hand

Recovery of CFCs

Air Conditioners(Outdoor Units)Compressor Recovery

Dissassembly
by Hand

Shredding

Air Separation

Pulverizationof UrethaneCompressionof Urethane

Magnetic
Suspension
Separation

Magnetic
Drum
Separation

Eddy Current
Separation

Recovery of
Plastic Dust

Recovery of Steel

Recovery of Mixed Metals(Stainless, bronze, aluminum)

Recovery ofHeat Exchangers
Air Conditioners(Indoor Portions)Dissassembly
by HandWaste for Disposal(Outsourced Disposal)

Recovery of Motors,
Stainless Steel Tubs
Washing
Machines

Recycled Products(Sold as Commodities)

Dissassembly
by Hand

Recovery of CRTs
Recovery ofPrinted Circuit Boards
Television Sets

14

Environment Report 2000

Dissassembly
by Hand

Crushing Cabinets

Recovery of
Plastics Dust

Recycling Plant

Designated
Recovery Point

Retail Outlets

Collect used products

Pay costs of recycling(secondary transport costs,
recycling processing fees)

Local
Municipalities

Pay costs of recovery,
delivery (primary transport costs),
recycling

Manufacturers

Responsibility of Retailers

Consumers

Response to the Electric Home
Appliances Recycling Law
In response to the Electric Home Appliances Recycling Law, scheduled to go into
effect in April 2001, Hitachi established
Kantou Eco Recycle Co., Ltd., a new subsidiary to handle recycling operations forused electric home appliances in four
categories: television sets, refrigerators,
washing machines and air conditioners.
The new company’s plant will be located in a production center for refrigerators
and air conditioners in Tochigi Prefecture,
where the four products will be disassembled, shredded and sorted, but the remaining materials will be gathered. CFCs used
for thermal insulation for refrigerators
will also be collected. The plant will havean annual operating capacity of 300,000

Consideration for Environmental
Issues in Products and Services

Recovery Services for Old PCs
As a service, the Hitachi Group collects
used PCs from corporate users. After disassembling the collected computers andseparating the components and materials,
쏋 Recovery System from Corporate Users

Corporate Users

Customer
Liaison

PC Recovery

Logistics Center

the Hitachi Group, in cooperation withrecycling companies, collects the reusable
parts and valuable resources, and the remainder is disposed of appropriately. A
portion of the collected plastic is reusedin computers.
Plans for the recovery of used PCs
from general consumers will be implemented shortly.

• Recovery Processing
Procedures• Recycling Procedures• Temporary Storage
Recycling
Company

For more information on PC recovery,
visit Hitachi’s home page at:• Disassembly, Breakdown,
Reuse• Recovery of Marketable
Materials• Appropriate Disposal of Waste

http://www.hitachi.co.jp/Prod/comp/OSD/
pc/index-j.htm

Autonomous Activity Plans
Regarding PC Recycling and the 3Rs
In January 2000, the Japan Electronic
Industry Development Association
announced an autonomous activity plan
aiming to reduce waste products andreuse and recycle resources regarding
PCs. The plan focuses on the threethemes of Manufacturing (DfE in accord
with the 3R considerations), Collecting(promoting a greater degree of collectionof used PCs) and Using (raising the recycle rates of collected PCs). Hitachi isactively promoting this activity plan.

쏋 Recycling Flow for Notebook PCs

Separation Process

Recycling

Printed Wiring Boards, IC Substrates

Metal Works (recovery of gold, silver, copper)

Power Supply, Cables

Metal Works (recovery of copper)

Cases, Frames, Chassis

Iron and Nonferrous Metals Manufacturers

Notebook PC
Disassembly
by Hand(recovery of iron, stainless steel)

Nonferrous Metals Manufacturers

HDDs, FDDs, Keyboards

LCD Units(recovery of aluminum)

Disassemblyand Separation

Makers of Glass Wool, Tiles(recovery of glass)

Lithium-Ion and Nickel Cadmium Batteries

Nonferrous Metals Manufacturers

Plastic Casing Materials

Metal Works (recovery of cobalt, nickel)(recovery of aluminum)

Blast Furnaces (for use as a reductant)

Environment Report 2000

15

Consideration for Environmental Issues in Production Activities
Prevention of Global Warming쏋 Resource Input and Emissions (FY1999)

Action Plan
• Reducing production-related CO2
emissions 25% by FY2010 (basedon FY1990 levels)• Satisfying industry autonomous
activity plan requirements
regarding global-warming gases(hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),
sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), perfluorocarbons (PFCs)) otherthan CO2

Saving Energy
In December 1997, the Third Conferenceof the Parties (COP3) of the United Nations
Framework Convention of Climate Change(UNFCCC) adopted measures to reducelevels of global-warming gases, one ofwhich includes efforts to control CO2 emissions by conserving energy as a necessary
step in preventing global warming.
The Hitachi Group has actively sought
to advance energy conservation throughthe introduction of systems to measureenergy use, energy savings assessments
conducted prior to the establishment andintroduction of new facilities and equipment, and the use of energy-saving equipment. In March 1999, we prepared Energy
Conservation Guidelines and a collection
쏋 Energy Measurement System (H-NET Electric Power Monitoring System)

Unstopped Power System
Internal LAN (Ethernet)
Data
Collection
Computers

H-NET

Sequencer(H-2000)

1st Meter

Computer Interface Unit

Facility
1

Pulse Input Unit

2

Pulse Input Unit

3

Electric Current WH
Operation Unit

4

40 Substations

16

Building

Environment Report 2000

Total: 42 Facilities

Separate Building

Water
Surface Water
71.7 million m3
Industrial Water
219.7 million m3
Groundwater
209.2 million m3

Hitachi Group (Hitachi Plants + Facilities of 20 Affiliated Companies)
Production Processes

AtmosphereCO2
2.4 million tons
ChemicalSubstances
5,000 tons

Wastewater
Sewage
6.5 million m3
Water forPublic Use 38.4 million m3

쏋 Main Energy Conservation Activities
Item

Measures

Air-Conditioning System

Installation of energy-efficient equipment,
reduction in air-conditioning airflow, regulation of number of units to raise efficiency

Heat-Treatment Furnace

Improved insulation to reduce heat loss,
low-load operations through regulationof rotational frequency of blowers

Cogeneration System

Improvement in total efficiency throughuse of gas turbine cogeneration system

Boiler

Switch to smaller boilers, regulation of
number of units to improve efficiency,
exhaust heat recovery

Compressor

Efficiency through regulation of numberof units, rightsizing of exerted pressure

Motor

Switch to high-efficiency motor

Other

Smaller vacuum pumps, installationof energy-efficient lighting, installationof thermal ice storage system

Waste
Emissions
Recycling
Waste Reduction
Final Disposal

599,300 tons
484,600 tons
59,600 tons
55,100 tons

motors, prompting an assessment of theenergy used by equipment that drives
motors. Based on this assessment, highefficiency motors were installed, resulting in FY1998 energy consumption levels
16% (4.3 million kWh) lower than FY1996
levels and a 10% (900kW) reduction incontract power supply.

쏋 General Diagram of Thermal Ice Storage Center Plant(Enterprise Server Division)
Center Plant
Cooling
Tower

Machine Room
Heat

1℃ Exchanger
10℃

12℃

Building
A
Freezer
Unit

Thermal Storage 7℃
Tank

High-efficiency Motor (Narashino Division)Freezer
Unit
Thermal Ice
Storage Tank

Machine Room
Heat
1℃ Exchanger
10℃

12℃

Building
B
Freezer
Unit

Thermal Storage 7℃
Tank

Secondary Chilled Waterof practical examples, through which weseek to continue improvement in energy
savings at each Hitachi business site.
Case Study: Industrial Equipment Group,
Narashino Division
Electricity provides 75% (24.7 million
kWh/year) of this division’s energy supply, 62% of which was consumed by

nth Meter

Power Substation

EnergyElectricity
4.4 billion kWhPetroleum(crude oil conversion)
240,000kl

95,000 tons

Primary Chilled Water

Data Management
ServerDaily,
Monthly
Data Reports

ChemicalSubstances

Other Global-Warming Gas Policies
Hitachi uses several global-warming gases
in addition to CO2, including HFCs incoolants and thermal insulation for airconditioning units and refrigerators,
PFCs as an etching gas for semiconductors, and SF6 as an insulator for electric
equipment. Following the guidelines of
the industry’s autonomous activity plan,
Hitachi promotes the recovery and reuseof these substances and is working todevelop materials and technologies toreplace them.

Consideration for Environmental
Issues in Production Activities

쏋 Flowchart of the Disposal of Waste and Substandard Products (1999 Performance at Hitachi, Ltd.)(thousands of tons)
Final Disposal

Volume Generated
134

Primary
Recycling/Reuse
50

Secondary Waste Disposal

In-house
Waste Treatment
14

Secondary
Recycling/Reuse
63

Action Plan
Contracted
Waste Treatment
68• Reducing the amount of waste forfinal disposal at Hitachi, Ltd. to
15% or lower by FY2005 and
10% or lower by FY2010 (basedon FY1991 levels)

Material

Method of Recycling/Reuse

Paper

Recycled paper, RDFs

Wood

Charcoal, RDFs

Plastics

Recycled for internal processing, RDFs,
blast furnace reductant

SludgeBase material for cement

Oil

Distilled and reused, used as fuel additives

Acid, Alkali

Distilled and reused, used as neutralizing agents

Slag

Base material for iron, steel, cement

Raw garbage

CompostExamples of Efforts at Group Sites
Hitachi’s Use of Refuse-Derived Fuels(RDFs) and Thermal Recycling
Hitachi has developed and installed atthree of its plants RDF production
devices that use wastepaper, waste wood,and waste plastic from other nearby companies for fuel. In April 1999, Hitachi

began using RDFs as fuel for a power
plant that supplies the site with energy.

used in the production of liquid crystal
thin-film transistor (TFT) panels, allowing Hitachi to reuse 90% of its waste
solvents.

Resist Solvent Regeneration System(Mobara Site)
Hitachi has developed a distillation andregeneration device for resist solvents
Transformation into RDFs

14 Sitesin the Ibaragi Region
Separate collection of wastepaper, waste wood,and waste plastics produced at the plants

Please see page 3 of the accompanying
documents for further information on
Hitachi’s waste reduction operations.
Dioxin Countermeasures
Hitachi has systematically worked toprevent the generation of dioxins arisingfrom incineration by discontinuing theuse of its incinerators, including smaller
incinerators that are not subject to regulation. In December 1997, the Company
established a plan to discontinue its useof incinerators, and as of December 1999,
it had successfully done so at 10 of 11
facilities. Hitachi plans to abolish the useof all incinerators by December 2000 andwork to reduce and recycle waste that it
would have incinerated in the past.

쏋 Resist Solvent Regeneration System

Use of RDFs
as Boiler FuelHitachi
Administrative
Division

Resist-Etching
DeviceDistillation Method(separation of organic solventsby difference in boiling point)

100 tons/month
Coolant

10 tons/month

RDF Transport

Mito Site
RDF Transport

RDF Transport

Automotive
Products

Hitachi
Administrative
Division
RDF Power Plant
Use
as Electricity

Solvent
Supply Tank SteamDistillation
Tower

쏋 Major Recycling/Reuse Methods*1 Final Disposal Rate = Final Disposal Amount/
Amount Generated*2 Final Disposal without Treatment + Disposal with Treatment

Tank(Supply)
Solid
Material

90 tons/month

Regenerated
Fluid

Through the production process, secondary operations and other businessactivities, Hitachi produces a variety of
waste and substandard products. The

Company is progressing not only in controlling the output of waste and substandard products but is also working to installrecycling equipment, collaborate withother industries and outsource waste
management to recycling companies sothat usable resources are utilized to thefullest extent possible. Furthermore, Hitachi
has established guidelines for appropriate
waste disposal and conducts periodic
inspections of its recycling contractors
to ensure that they meet standards set
by the guidelines.
Hitachi aims for zero emissions at
each of its Group sites.
At Hitachi, zero emissions is defined as
an emissions volume of less than 1% of
the final disposal rate of the current fiscal
year*1, or less than 5 tons/year*2.

Separation
Tower• Promoting zero-emissions facilities

Note: Figures include some environmental impact data charged to affiliatedcompanies for operations conducted at Hitachi, Ltd. sites.

Heating
Tower• Reducing the amount of waste forfinal disposal at associated firms
to 85% or lower by FY2005 and
75% or lower by FY2010 (basedon FY1998 levels)

Disposal with
Treatment
3

Coolant

Condensation
Tower

Waste Reduction

Disposal without
Treatment
2

Recycling and Reuse

Wastewater
Treatment Device

Hitachi
Administrative
Division

RDF Power Plant

Environment Report 200017

Chemical Substance Management
products and production processes and thereplacement of these substances with othersubstances having less impact on the environment, through its Autonomous Guidelines for Chemical Substance Management,
promulgated in 1996. Moreover, we haveconducted PRTR surveys* since 1998.

Action Plan
• Thorough management ofchemical substances andplanned cuts in emissions
volumes

While chemical substances offer many
improvements to our quality of life, it has
become clear of late that some chemical
substances, such as so-called environmental hormones, have come to have a negative impact on the environment.
In Japan, the Pollution Release andTransfer Register (PRTR) system will
become law in 2002. For corporations,thorough routine management and risk
management with regard to chemical substances has come to be more critical infurthering business.
Prior to the PRTR Law, the HitachiGroup promoted the reduced use of designated chemical substances used in its
Understanding of Usage Conditions* PRTR survey: Survey of 179 chemical substances specified by
the electric and electronic industries

The Hitachi Group’s Comprehensive
Chemical Management System
With the PRTR Law as an example, regulations concerning chemical substances arebeing further developed and strengthened.
In response, the Hitachi Group’s Comprehensive Chemical Management System was
Emissions(into the air)

Recycling

Disposal

Procurement

The material balanceof chemical substancesused in business sites

Emissions(into water)

Autonomous Selectionof Managed Substances씮 Risk Assessments

쏋 Risk Assessment Guidelines

Products

initiated in 1999 to raise the level of autonomous management, part of the Company’sefforts to reduce its use of chemicals with
an impact on the environment. The system
includes management guidelines encompassing the procurement, use, disposal andcommercialization of chemical substances
at business sites. The first step is to understand exactly what types of chemical substances are being handled at each businesssite, then to evaluate the substances’ potential impact on the environment and determine how substances should be managed.
“Eliminate,” “Reduce” and “Manage” havebeen set as autonomous management classifications, and, based on these classifications, substitution and elimination plans
are prepared for banned substances, while
specific plans for cuts in use and emissions
are set for substances designated for reduction. Substances in the “Manage” category
are handled in accord with appropriate
handling guidelines and PRTR requirements.
Management andReduction of
Emission Volumes

Promotion of Reduction Plans
Inventory Control
쏋 Risk Management Classification

Environmental
ImpactEvaluation Criteria

Score

Total Evaluation Score

Management Rating

Management Overview

Major

Substances for which Production Is Restricted by Law

20

20 or More Points

Eliminate

Complete Elimination

Moderate

Substances with High Environmental Toxicity
Gases Significantly Impacting Global Warming(SF6 and others)
Substances the Use of which Is Restricted by Law

10

10–19 Points

ReducePromote Reduction Plans

Minor

Substances with Environmental Toxicity
Poisonous Substances
Hazardous Substances

1–5

Less than 10 Points

ManageInventory Control

쏋 Hitachi’s Autonomous Substance Management

Hitachi’s Autonomous Substance Management (1,100 Substances)(1,100 Substances)High-Pressure
Gases

Flammable

GlobalWarmingBanned Substances (100)Ozone
Depletion(benzine, dioxin, others)

Substances for Reduction (250) (methylene chloride, lead, others)

Substances Covered
under the PRTR Law
Managed Substances (750)(styrene monomer, ethanolamine, others)

Poisonous
UnsafeHazardous

18

Environment Report 2000

Air/Water
Pollution

Hitachi’s Autonomous Substance Management policy is based on various laws andvoluntary action plans.

Consideration for Environmental
Issues in Production Activities

쏋 The Hitachi Group Comprehensive Management Support

System for Chemical Substances
Hitachi Group Chemical Substance
Information Server
MSDS Data

PRTR Data

Data Searches
on Chemical
Substances

The Hitachi Group Comprehensive
Management Support System for
Chemical Substances
Hitachi developed and introduced
the Hitachi Group Comprehensive
Management Support System for
Chemical Substances for the efficient
operation of a comprehensive management system efficiently covering theentire Group. The system links theGroup’s business sites in a network, andany site can use the system to search for
information about chemical substances
anywhere in the Hitachi Group’s possession. Complete PRTR information for theGroup is also compiled on the network,
allowing real-time access to PRTR data.
The system’s database contains information on the processing, special characteristics and other aspects of chemical
substances as compiled by the HitachiGroup’s wide range of companies,
including manufacturers of chemical
products and electronic components
and devices, as well as logistics services
companies. Group companies can use
this information to more effectively
carry out such environmental preservation operations as incorporating consideration for the environment in productdesigns and reducing emissions.

Volume and Other
PRTR Information
Proper Format

NetworkBusiness Site

Business Site

We will begin the filing and disclosureof PRTRs from 2002, in accord with the
PRTR Law. Hitachi supplies stakeholders
with information regarding various risks
concerning chemical substances, actively
pursuing risk communication to build a
relationship of trust while enhancing
understanding.

Keeping the Air and Water Clean
Every year, the legal regulations governing the amounts of pollutants in discharges from the workplace into water
systems or the atmosphere grow stricter.
Anticipating this, the Hitachi Group has
instituted its own set of standards regarding discharges that are more exacting
than any official ones. Since the 1996
revision of Japan’s Clean Air Law and the1999 promulgation of the Law Concerning Examination and Regulation of
Manufacture and Handling of Chemical
Substances, it has become more important than ever for companies to act on
their own to reduce the volume of discharges from their workplaces. Currently,
Hitachi is working hard to curb thepolicies toward hydrochlorofluorocarbons(HCFCs), which are due to be phasedout of production use by 2020, pleaserefer to page 9.) Japan’s Clean Air Law
stipulates that companies are responsible
for managing and monitoring their discharge of designated harmful substances
into the atmosphere. Of these substances, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene are particularly noxious,and Hitachi, designating them as prohibited substances, eliminated them fromuse Companywide in May 1995. Hitachi
is also making significant progress in
reducing its consumption of methylene
chloride by making improvements to
production processes and shifting tosubstitute compounds.

volume of volatile toxic substances its
workplaces discharge into the atmosphere or bodies of water as well as to recover heavy metals from wastewater before
they reach the general sewage system.

Water Quality Preservation
To curb the discharge of such toxic substances as heavy metals from the workplace into open bodies of water, Hitachi
is pressing ahead with the installation ofwastewater treatment facilities that purify and recycle wastewater after toxic substances have been separated from it andrecovered through the use of filter membranes and other devices. At the Hitachi
Semiconductor Group’s semiconductor
production facility in Naka, Ibaragi,
wastewater is being effectively recycled
쏋 Trends in the Volume of Certain Atmospheric Pollutants（t） Used by Hitachi
at the rate of approximately 330m3 a day. 20
Tetrachloroethylene

Using a membrane filter, this wastewater treatment device at
Hitachi’s Naka semiconductor production facility plays a crucialrole in the recycling of wastewater.

Preserving the Earth’s Atmosphere
Hitachi has succeeded in eliminating theuse of such substances that destroy theozone layer as CFCs and 1,1,1-trichloroethane by devising technologies thatfacilitate the move to water-based detergents or render unnecessary the cleaningof substrates. (For details of Hitachi’s

Trichloroethylene

15

Dichloromethane
10

50
FY1997

FY1998FY1999FY2000(Estimate)

Environment Report 2000

19

Providing Environmental Preservation Systems to Society
The Hitachi Group’s Comprehensive Environmental Business
Since 1996, environment-related members of the Hitachi Group have worked
together to promote comprehensive
environmental business. The technologies and businesses of the Hitachi Group

cover the fields of environmental preservation comprehensively. It is our goal toprovide the best solutions for all environmental issues through cooperationand systemization. Accordingly, ourefforts are turning to environmental
service businesses and regional revitalization in a harmonious relationshipwith the environment.

The Best Mix for Total Solutions
As the guiding principle of its comprehensive environmental business, theHitachi Group seeks to provide totalsolutions with the best mix. This is to
say that Hitachi’s products are not just a
specific treatment for an environmental
ill; rather, Hitachi’s philosophy is comprehensive, covering organizations’operational structure, logistics and therecovery of products and resources—all
aspects of business.
From a broad perspective, with thegoal of mobilizing the Group’s overall
strengths and systemized functions attheir greatest levels to resolve environmental issues, Hitachi bases its environmental policy around five fundamental,
comprehensive considerations:
1. The Fundamental Cause
2. The Impact on the Region and Its
Inhabitants
3. The Economic Burden Involved

4. Best Available Technology
5. The Best Mix
The illustration to the right shows
Hitachi’s perspective, supported by the five
fundamental considerations and yielding
total solutions with the best mix over abroad range of issues. Based on these fiveconsiderations and while focusing on environmental preservation in citizen’s lives,
industry, welfare, education and otherfields, Hitachi is proposing solutions tomeet broad needs, such as those for therevitalization of local communities.
To realize total solutions with the bestmix, the Hitachi Group has diverse product lines focusing on solutions regarding
waste, water, air, energy, informationand services. Our goal is to provide themost appropriate solutions for all concerns. Below are some of the HitachiGroup’s representative products andbusiness operations.

쏋 The Best Mix for Total Solutions—Overview

Offering Total Solutions
in a Broad Range of Fields

The Hitachi Group’s
Perspective

Considerationof the Fundamental Cause
Consideration of
the Impact on the
Region and Its
Inhabitants
Employment of the Best
Available Technology

Considerationof the Economic
Burden Involved

Introduction of Best Mix
Technologies

쏋 Major Hitachi Group Products and Businesses for Environmental Preservation

Waste

Major Products and Businesses

Air

Water

Environmental Services

Recycling

High-Efficiency Use

Exhaust Gas Treatment

Wastewater Treatment

Environmental Consulting• Industrial Waste Products• Waste-Derived Power
Generation• Flue Gas Desulfurization• Sewage and Industrial
Wastewater Treatment

Environmental Management
Support• Dust Collectors• Reuse of Drainage andRainwater• ISO 14000 Management
Support• Deodorizers• Advanced Water Treatment

Dioxin Countermeasures

Sludge Treatment• Chemical Substance General
Management Support

CFC & Perfluorocarbon (PFC)
Decomposition• Incineration, Drying,
Composting• Recovering Oil from Waste
Plastics

20

Energy• Fuel Cells• Refuse-Derived Fuels (RDFs)• Cogeneration• Composting• Regional Heating and Cooling• Carbonization

Waste-Derived Energy Use

Optimal Processing• RDF Power Generation• Thermolysis• Power Generation Using Oilfrom Waste Plastics• Incineration Furnaces

Renewable Energy• Flue Gas Denitrification

CO2 Stabilization
Supporting Systems

Soil and Groundwater
Purification• Monitoring• Logistics• Water Quality Monitoring• Treatment and Recycling
Facilities Operation,
Maintenance, Management
Facility Leasing• Wind Power Generation• Monitoring Systems• Manifests• Untapped Energy Sources• Simulation Systems

Eco-Products/Eco-Materials

Lean Burn Engine Vehicles• Purification Simulation
Systems• Eco-Production Process

Electric Vehicles• Information Systems

Environment Report 2000

• Analysis

Supporting Systems• Solar Power Generation

Waste Information
Management• Measurement and Analysis

Hydrosphere Purification• Analysis and Measurement
Systems• Ash Melt Furnaces

Environmental Service
Businesses

Providing Environmental
Preservation Systems to Society

쏋 Overview of the Utashinai Project for Harmonious Coexistence

Clean Gas
Exhaust Gas Treatment System(Especially Dioxin Reduction)

Combustion
Zone
Exhaust Gas
Steam

Gasification
Zone
BoilerElectricity

Energy Supply

Heat

Greenhouses,
Agricultural Use

SlagConstruction Materials

Shredder Dust

Comprehensive Environmental
Business—Examples
Below are some examples of the HitachiGroup’s commitment to the best mix for
total solutions.
Electric Power Generation
Business Using Industrial Waste
in Utashinai, Hokkaido
With cooperation from the public sector,

Steam Turbine(Electric Power Generation)(Industrial Wastes)
Slag Melting
Zone

the Hitachi Group has developed the
Thermolysis Ash Melting System to convert industrial wastes into electricity andheat. The project will serve as new infrastructure, and is expected to attract new
firms to the area and revitalize the region.

쏋 Model Business—High Energy Efficiency (Mechanical Engineering

Energy Services Companies
While energy services companies(ESCOs) are a new form of business inJapan, they parallel similar business plansthat arose in the United States in the
1970s, centering on guaranteeing energy
savings over the long term throughimprovements in facilities and equipment.
In 1998, as part of plans to promote thisform of business in Japan, the Ministryof International Trade and Industry(MITI) decided to support model ESCOs

established by the private sector.

Comprehensive Water
Environmental BusinessIn recent years, manufacturing and daily
activities in urban areas have caused awater pollution problems in Japan’s rivers
and lakes. The creation of a biotope along
rivers as well as the improvement of thewater quality of lakes and drainage tomaintain flow levels in rivers are required

to preserve the total water environment.
Hitachi is supporting various water environmental management decision making
by enhancing its plant control expertiseand through various simulation technologies, wide area telecommunications
network systems and watershed management systems, utilizing Geographical
Information Systems (GIS).

Hitachi’s Mechanical Engineering Research Laboratory applied
for and received MITI support
for its construction for improved
energy savings, which is expected
to produce annual energy savingsof 15.6% and reduce CO2 emissions by 94 tons. Hitachi isadvancing its ESCO operations
based on the technologies developed in this model business.

The generated heat will be used by new
businesses. In July 1999, the city ofUtashinai, Hitachi Metals, Ltd. andHitachi, Ltd. established a new company
to oversee the venture. The new firm will
begin operations in October 2002.

Research Laboratory)

Surface Area:
12,800m2
Contracted Power
Supply:1,800kW

Fluorescent Lighting
Central Manage- ElectricRoomment Center

Equipment
Room
Cooling
Equipment

Energy-Saving Procedures

EnergySavings (%)

Power Source for Transport(for load variation)

2.4

Air Conditioning (direct
digital control management)

2.9

Insulating Film

2.9

Lighting(more-effective reflectors)

3.7

Radiation Panel Air
Conditioning

2.6

Amorphous Transformers

1.1

Operational Management

—

Total

15.6

An image of Comprehensive Water Environment Business

Representative Environmental Preservation Products/Systems
Waste Treatment and Reuse of Resources
Rotary Kiln-Type Thermolysis
and Ash Melting System
The Hitachi Group has begun commercial production of next-generation waste
treatment systems that overcome manyof the drawbacks of conventional waste
incineration methods. The Hitachi rotarykiln-type waste thermolysis system maximizes waste energy and reduces the volume of ash by melting it and making it

reusable. Moreover, residual heat is usedwith great efficiency in the generation ofelectricity. High-temperature combustion greatly reduces dioxins, and exhaustgas treatment equipment minimizes thedioxin content of exhaust gas to under
0.01ng-TEQ/m3N. By combining thermal
recycling and materials recycling, thewaste thermolysis and ash melting system makes a significant contribution to
the preservation of the global environment.

Pilot waste treatment plant using the kiln-type waste thermolysis
system in Hitachinaka City, capable of processing 20 tons ofwaste material a day

Environment Report 2000

21

Electric Home Appliances Recycling
Business
Hitachi has developed a recycling system
in accord with Japan’s Electric Home
Appliances Recycling Law. The system
reduces environmental load by recycling
materials after crushing and separating
waste components. Foamed urethane
used as insulation in refrigerators is compressed, then the CFCs in it are recovered. At the same time, the system recovers
metals, reusable plastic and polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) from the crushed materials by using various separation techniques.
As the next step, Hitachi founded
Hokkaido Eco Recycle Systems Co.,

Ltd. in October 1999 and Tokyo Eco
Recycle Co., Ltd. in December 1999,
applying the system it developed toElectric Home Appliances Recycling Plant
Picture: Association for Electric Home Appliances

EnergyPhotovoltaic Power Generation
Systems
Using the sun as an energy source provides a clean source of electricity withessentially no environmental load fromemissions.
Facilities can be located where necessary to meet the demands of the situation. Facilities can be operated with nosupervision, equipment has a long lifetime and maintenance is quite simple.

Wind Power Systems
With a product lineup capable of generating from 230kW to 1,800kW, Hitachi
can provide the wind power system thatbest matches the operating environment

Solar Power Generation System(Kure Technical College)

and application. The system’s high-efficiency, low-noise operation supplies
high-quality electricity, and exacting
maintenance service provides stable
power generation.

500kW Wind Power Generation System(Okinawa Electric Power Company)

22

Environment Report 2000

the consumer electronics recycling
business in Japan.

Providing Environmental
Preservation Systems to Society

쏋 System Flow and External View of the PFC Catalytic Decomposition System

Pure
Water

InleakAir

PresprayBlowerDecontaminatedGases

PreHeater
Pre-Packed Tower

Air Environmental Preservation
PFC Catalytic Decomposition System
PFCs are used throughout the semiconductor and liquid crystal display (LCD)
industries for a variety of process applications. PFCs were listed as global warminggases at the 3rd Conference of the Parties(COP3) to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC)
held in Kyoto in 1997, and it has become
increasingly important to abate or neutralize them. The issue has been an ongoing problem for the semiconductor
industry, as PFCs are very stable and difficult to break down. Hitachi has solved
this problem by developing a proprietarycatalytic decomposition technology
through which PFCs, CHF3, C2F6, C3F8,

ExhaustGases

Water Environmental Preservation
Ribbon-Fiber Biofilter System
The ribbon-fiber biofilter system very
effectively decomposes and abates organic pollution (biochemical oxygen
demand, chemical oxygen demand andalgae) by concentrating microorganismsthat normally live dispersed in polluted
water in a system of ribbon fibers. The
system offers potential energy savings, as
it uses the microorganisms’ natural abili-ties to purify the water. Operation andmaintenance characteristics are alsosuperior, as minimal sludge generation
reduces clogging and jamming.

Environmental Services
Comprehensive Chemical SubstanceManagement System—Chemilution
Chemilution is a package system offering
unified management functions for suchchemical substance issues as PRTRs andgreen procurement. Based on extensive
data accumulated by Hitachi Group companies concerning a diverse range ofchemical substances as well as theirextensive process knowledge and experience with regard to materials selection,
the system can also be used as a database. In addition, efficient data compilation and analysis functions allow
emissions reduction plans to be implemented smoothly.

Reactor

Packed Tower
Wastewater Tank

Cooling
Room
Wastewater

Facilities
Water

Pump

C5F8, SF6, NF3 and even CF4—generally
the most difficult PFC to decompose—can be broken down by more than 99%
at 750˚C (including CO), while maintaining the lowest cost of ownershipavailable today.
Exhaust gases from the etching process,which include PFCs, are washed in theprespray tower to remove such solids as
SiO2. The gases are heated to 750˚C in
the chamber and are decomposed by
the catalyst in the reactor. The hot

decomposed gases are then cooled in acooling room. Since HF gas is formed by
the catalytic reaction, a packed tower is
included to remove the acid from thedecomposed gases. The final exhaust byproducts are CO2 and fluorinated water.
The system has a high resistance tocorrosion and offers superior maintenance, providing an excellent environmental protection measure.

(Above) Ribbon-Fiber Units(Right) A View of the System in Use

The Chemilution Start-up Screen and Data Entry Screen

Environment Report 2000

23

Research and Development
Research and Development for Environmental Preservation
Each of the Hitachi Group’s R&D centers
actively promotes research into products
and services that contribute to environmental preservation by focusing on
research themes related to environmental
preservation systems.
Recent R&D work includes developments in materials, new energy sources
and the measurement of chemical
substances.
Three New Lead-Free Solders
Developed In-house
Hitachi is working to eliminate lead frommany of its products. Since 1989, somesupercomputer components have usedlead-free solder based on alloys of tin
and silver. Hitachi has developed threematerials that can replace lead in a wide
range of product applications, fromindustrial and commercial applications
to general home applications. As a result,practically all products can now be madewithout the use of lead. The companiesof the Hitachi Group are actively puttingthese new materials into use.

쏋 Lead-Free Solder Materials
High-Temperature Solder

Medium-Temperature Solder

Low-Temperature Solder

Main Components

Tin-silver alloy

Tin-silver alloy with small amountsof bismuth and other elements

Tin-bismuth

SpecialCharacteristics

Used in product fields demanding
superior strength and reliability
and in heat-resistant flow processes*1
components on printed circuit boards

Good usability, better wettability
than the high-temperature solder,for use in reflow processes*2

Good usability, used as a lowtemperature material in threedimensional layered mounting
components on printed circuit boards

Main Applications

Vacuum cleaners
Washing machines

PCs
8mm video cameras

Mainframes
Washing machine display substrates*1 Flow processes—for insertion mounting*2 Reflow processes—for surface mounting

for which are abundant and inexpensive.
Through a project sponsored by the New
Energy and Industrial Technology
Development Organization (NEDO), weare promoting the development of apower storage system for home electric
appliances that focuses on the use ofmanganese-lithium batteries and makes
use of off-peak nighttime electricity. One
application of the results of this research
is manganese-lithium batteries for use inelectric cars.
Chlorophenol Monitoring System
for On-line Measurement of Dioxin
Antecedents in Flue Gas
We have developed a technology for online measurements of concentrations ofchlorophenol, an antecedent of dioxin
found in flue gas from incinerators used
to dispose of waste products.

쏋 Prototype Reusable Manganese-Lithium Battery쏋 Overview of Home Power

Storage System
Equipment

Electric
Meter
Power
Storage
SystemHome Electronic
Appliances

Results of measurements are reported
to incineration control, and, by suppressing the generation of chlorophenol, it ispossible to reduce dioxin emissions.
In the past, dioxin analysis typicallytook several weeks, but a special featureof this new technology is that chlorophenol concentration can be measured online in approximately one minute.

쏋 Overview of the Dioxin Antecedent (Chlorophenol) Concentration Measurement Device

Flue

Measurement Device

Magnified Photo of
Lead-Free Solder in Use

24

Environment Report 2000

Exhaust Gas

Manganese-Lithium
Rechargeable Batteries
Rechargeable lithium batteries are a critical tool in the resolution of a number ofenergy and environmental problems,
showing potential for use in electric carsand in electric power load-leveling applications. We are specializing in manganese-lithium batteries, the resources

Mass Spectrometer(three-dimensional
quadruple mass
spectrometer)
Atmospheric Pressure
Ionization

FilterIon

ExhaustIncinerator

Pump

Ion Detector

Exchanges with Society—
Environmental Communication

Exchanges with Society—Environmental Communication
Disclosure of Information on the Environment
People from all walks of life, corporations, politicians and bureaucrats mustbuild a partnership, cooperate and work
together in unison toward the goal of
realizing a fully sustainable society.
Above all else, what matters is a collective awareness of environmental risks,
the burden that we place on the environment, an exchange of information about
various environmental strategies and abroadening of mutual understanding.
Based on this philosophy, while striving
to make as many people aware of its

environmental operations as possible,
Hitachi is pushing ahead with these operations only after conducting a serious andsustained dialogue with all those involved.
Bringing Information to the World
Publication of the Hitachi Environmental
Report and Web Site Features
Hitachi has been publishing pamphlets
on the environment since 1993 and in1998 published and distributed its firstfull-fledged environmental report. In
April 1999, we established a series ofpages on our Web site devoted to ourapproach to environmental issues andhave placed on those pages not only ourenvironmental reports but also the latest
news on environmental topics.
Hitachi’s Approach to Environmental Issues—
Web Site Address:
http://www.hitachi.co.jp/Div/kankyo/khoukoku/kfoukoku.htm

쏋 Environment-related Printed Documents

Month/Year

Issue

Oct. 1993

FOR PLANET EARTH

Printed Volume
5,000

Oct. 1994

BEYOND RECYCLE NEWS

3,000

Mar. 1995

FOR PLANET EARTH(English version)

3,000

Mar. 1996

FOR PLANET EARTH(Additional data ’94 &’95)

10,000Oct. 1996

FOR PLANET EARTH(English version)

3,000

Dec. 1997

FOR PLANET EARTH(Additional data ’96)

10,000

Sept. 1998

1998 Environment Report, Japanese version

July 1999

1999 Environment Report, Japanese version

Hitachi at Exhibitions
In 1999, Hitachi made presentations at theexhibitions listed below and deepened the
public’s understanding of its approach toenvironmental issues.
쏋 Principal Exhibitions in which Hitachi Recently ParticipatedMonth and Year
June 1999

Event Title

쏋 Home Page Addresses for Hitachi Group Environment Activities

Company Name

Home Page Address

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.

http://www.hitachi-chem.co.jp/honsha/environment/rc.html

Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.

http://www.hitachi-koki.co.jp/env/eindex.html

Hitachi Denshi, Ltd.

http://www.hitachi-denshi.co.jp/Pages/CoPrf/kankyou.html

10,000

Hitachi Cable, Ltd.

http://www.hitachi-cable.co.jp/eco/index.htm

10,000

Hitachi Maxell, Ltd.

http://www.maxell.co.jp/company/kankyo.pdf

Participation in Lecture Meetings
Hitachi is working hard to enhance communication with the general public byintroducing them to the technology andknow-how it uses in its approach to environmental issues via magazine articles written
by its employees and lecture meetings.

Environment Exhibition ’99(Hitachi City)

AwardsHitachi has received a number of awards
from organizations outside of theCompany in recognition of its products’environmental soundness and the environmental operations of its offices andfactories. (See page 7 of accompanying
documents.)
쏋 Super Amorphous Transformer Awarded the Chairman’s

October 1999

New Earth ’99

November 1999

Wastec ’99

November 1999

Recycle Festa Yokohama

Prize* by the Energy Conservation Center, Japan

December 1999

Eco Products 1999

February 2000

ENEX ’99

By using an amorphous alloy for the iron core of the transformer, the winding structure is improved, and total losses are
reduced by half. It has been widely praised for its high energy
conversion efficiency.

Eco Products 1999

Discussion Meeting Hosted for Local Small andMedium-Sized Corporations by the Nagano Prefecture
Techno Highland Development Organization* Presented by the Energy Conservation Center, Japan, for energyconserving machines suited to life in the 21st century, one of the
major energy conservation accolades awarded by Japan’s Ministryof International Trade and Industry (MITI).

Environment Report 2000

25

Putting Up Birdhouses with
Elementary SchoolStudents

In Touch with Nature
At every Hitachi business site, employees
enthusiastically participate in environmental activities in their area, fromgreenification projects and other beautification campaigns. Local residents andpeople from other corporations nearby
are encouraged to visit the Company’s
workplaces and are thereby introduced
to Hitachi’s unique approach to environmental preservation and able to exchange
views on environmental issues with
Hitachi employees.
When we were approached by people
complaining of excessive noise being generated by Hitachi’s factories and when local
authorities have had occasion to bring to
Hitachi’s attention issues concerning

wastewater discharge, the Company hastaken rapid and decisive steps to deal withthe problems.
To support contributions made by its
employees to environmental activities
and the society of which Hitachi is a part,in May 2000 Hitachi established a Green
Award for Social Contribution, for which
any of its workplaces can be nominated.
A Newspaper Feature Introducing The Woods of Wild Birds
Program

Conservation in Action–Enterprise Server
Division
In July 1993, the Enterprise Server
Division inaugurated a new project, The
Woods of Wild Birds Program, designed
to attract more wild birds to the park
surrounding the division’s premises.

Members of the division planted fruitbearing trees and put up birdhouses, feeding stations and birdbaths to encourage
more birds to visit.
Members of the program attended themorning assemblies at a local elementary
school.

Foundations and Institutes
With the intention of deepening society’s
awareness and understanding of environmental issues, as far back as 1972, Hitachi
established the Environmental ResearchCenter, an incorporated foundation. The
center contributes to the resolution ofenvironmental problems in numerous
ways: by supporting the study-abroad programs of environmental specialists witheither administrative or research backgrounds; by conducting surveys and research
into a host of environmental matters; bypublishing an in-house magazine, Environmental Research and by awarding its Environmental Prize for environmental activities.
Hitachi also supports the World Wide
Fund for Nature Japan (WWF Japan)
and other environmental NGOs.

Hitachi’s In-house Publication
Environmental Research

Responding to Your Questions and Opinions
In fiscal 1999, by telephone, post ande-mail from our home page and throughother means, Hitachi responded to some26

200 requests for more information about
its environmental policies. Below are justa few examples of the sort of inquiries
that we receive.

Inquirer

Subject of Inquiry

Hitachi’s Response

Junior High SchoolStudent

Questionnaire of area businesses for a homework project on efforts to prevent pollution

We completed the student’s questionnaire and sent out
a copy of the Hitachi Environmental Report.

University Student

Surveying the impact IT equipment has on the environment and efforts being madeto lessen its impact

We explained what we do in this area, particularly
with regard to our returns system for recovering
used IT equipment and other products.

Middle-aged Man

A lover of Hitachi products, this man asked to be sent a copy of the Hitachi Environmental Reportas he said that he was going to take into consideration the attitude of electrical manufacturers
toward the environment when making purchases of electrical goods in the future.

We sent out a copy of the Hitachi Environmental Report.

Electrical Machinery
Manufacturer

Conducting a survey into how companies were making their products
more environment-friendly

We explained our guidelines regarding designfor environment.

Financial Institution
Employee

Surveying the approaches of companies to environmental issues
as part of an investigation into Ecofunds

We explained our approach, as presented in the Hitachi
Environmental Report.

Environment Report 2000

Environmental Activities
around the World

Environmental Activities around the WorldThe Hitachi Group has business interests
all over the world, not only in Japan but
also in Southeast Asia, Europe and theAmericas. Everywhere that it operates,
the Company is actively committed tothe concept of environmental soundness
and is pressing ahead with the introduction of environmental management systems and the acquisition of ISO 14001
certification. As a good corporate citizen,
Hitachi takes care to participate in a variety of activities that will hopefully leadto the making of a better and more fulfilling society for everyone and is putting
together a series of projects that aredesigned to bring Hitachi closer to thecitizens of the societies where the Company operates. Hitachi also enthusiastically supports the volunteer activities of
its employees wherever they work.
Hitachi Semiconductor (Malaysia)
Sdn. Bhd.
Hitachi has banned the use of chlorine
solvents and halon gas in fire extinguishers, reduced the volume of soldering
waste generated 30%, moved to 100%
recycled packaging for all its products
and introduced several energy conserving measures at this Malaysian semiconductor production facility. In August
1998, the facility acquired ISO 14001
certification. In recognition of these andother achievements, in February 2000,
Hitachi was awarded the MalaysianPrime Minister’s Hibiscus Award, thepremier environmental award for business and industry in Malaysia.

Hitachi Air Conditioning Products (M)Sdn. Bhd.
This Malaysian air-conditioning manufacturing plant acquired ISO 14001 certification in April 1997 and has been
constantly broadening the scope of its
recycling operations and the reach of its
environmental policies.
The Malaysian administration recognized the depth of Hitachi’s commitment
to the environment when in October 1998
the factory was awarded the Selangor State
Prize for Environmental Excellence(Large-Scale Business Category).

Environmental Awareness Activities in
the Fiscal 1999 Hitachi Young Leaders
Initiative*
With the cooperation of the World Wide
Fund and local authorities, Hitachi hosted
a camp on the outskirts of Kuala Lumpur
for young people involved in the Young
Leaders Initiative, where they were able tolearn more about environmental preservation, explore local forests and take part intree-planting initiatives, thereby deepening
their awareness of the importance of conserving our natural environment. They
also performed dramatic sketches on environmental themes and were able to share
their thoughts and exchange opinions on
green issues.
*An international students forum inaugurated by Hitachi in
1996 to discover the leaders of the next generation from acrossAsia and help them network and promote a greater understanding of various problems confronting the region.

Presentation of the Selangor State Prize for Environmental
Excellence (Large-Scale Business Category)

Hitachi Home Electronics (Europe)Ltd., Manufacturing DivisionThis is a Hitachi television manufacturing facility in the United Kingdom thathas drawn up a comprehensive statementof its environmental policies and madenoteworthy efforts to purchase productsthat are environmentally sound, manage
chemical substances as carefully as possible and reduce waste products.

Learning about the Environment

Hitachi Computer Products (America), Inc.
Employees at the Hitachi Computer
Products manufacturing facility inNorman, Oklahoma were enthusiastic
participants in the city’s volunteer-based
garbage collection day, held on April 8,
2000. In five hours, Hitachi employees
managed to collect an amazing 84,600
pounds of garbage.

Hitachi Employees Helping to Clean Up Norman, Oklahoma

Receiving the Malaysian Prime Minister’s Hibiscus Award
The Environmental Policy Statement of Hitachi Home
Electronics (Europe)

Environment Report 2000

27

The History of Hitachi’s Approach to Environmental Issues
Month and Year

Measures Taken by the Hitachi Group

Year

World Events

1967 Japan’s Basic Law for Environmental Pollution

1960s–1970s

Control promulgated1968 Japan’s Air Pollution Control Law promulgatedSeptember 1970 ■ Pollution Prevention Committee set up
September 1971

■ Environmental Management Promotion Center set up

February 1972

■ Hitachi begins Groupwide investment in environment facilities

1970 Japan’s Clean Water Act and other water pollutionrelated laws promulgated■ Environmental Research Center established■ Hitachi incorporates environmental audits into its operational audits

February 1983

■ Environmental Management Promotion Center renamed the Environment

May 1989■ CFC Policy Committee set up

June 1991■ Environment Policy Office established

December 1991

■ Hitachi wins Stratospheric Ozone Layer Protection Award

1980s

May 1973

Protection and Fire Prevention Production Centerfrom the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
March 1992

■ Environmental Committee established

Ozone Layer Protection Committee, Products Recycling Committee, Global Warming
Prevention Committee, Industrial Waste Committee set up
July 1992
October 1992

■ Hitachi formulates Environmental Protection Action Guidelines (Global Environment Charter)

May 1993■ Awarded Global Environment Prize by WWF JapanMay 1994
December 1994

■ ISO Certification Committee set up

Use of trichloroethane and other chlorine-based organic solvents eliminated■ Internal environmental audit system introduced

October 1995

Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) facilities introduced

January 1996

June 1996

Japan’s Law for the Promotion of Recyclable Resources
promulgatedJapan’s Waste Management Law revised
1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro
British Standards Institute BS7750 environmental
management systems certificate established1993 Japan’s Basic Environment Law promulgatedJapan’s Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy revised

Use of CFCs as cleaning agents eliminatedJanuary 1995

December 1995

1991 Keidanren Global Environment Charter formulated

Cogeneration systems introduced at Hitachi facilities

March 1993

December 1993

1990s

■ Environmental Action Plan formulated

1988 Montreal Protocol signed

1994 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
comes into effect
1995 Containers and Packaging Recycling Law promulgated

Use of all CFCs deemed ozone depleting by the Montreal Protocol completely eliminated■ Environmental Action Plan revised with regard to product recycling and global warming

1996 Keidanren Appeal on Environment proclaimed

prevention measures

Japan’s Clean Air Act revised

The Storage Systems Division becomes the first Hitachi unit to acquire BS7750

ISO 14001 international environmental standards establishedenvironmental management systems certification from the British Standards InstituteMarch 1997

■ Hitachi voluntarily introduces system of usage reduction and the elimination of particularly

toxic chemicals

1997 Japan’s Waste Management Law revised
Japan hosts the Third Conference of the Parties

September 1997 ■ Hitachi wins the U.S. EPA’s Best-of-the-Best Stratospheric Ozone Protection Awardto the United Nations Framework Convention

December 1997

on Climate Change (COP3)■ Industrial Waste Reduction Action Plan revised

Hitachi has a prominent stand at Eco Japan ’97 exhibition, held alongside the Third Conference of theParties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP3) in Kyoto, Japan
February 1998

■ Recycling System Committee set up

March 1999

■ Hitachi awarded the Minister of International Trade and Industry’s Prize at the Green Japan

Center sponsored annual Resource Recycling Awards ceremony■ Design for environmental assessment guidelines formulated

Consumer Electric Goods (the Consumer ElectricHome Appliances Recycling Law) promulgated1999 Japan’s Law Concerning Promotion of Global Warming■ Hitachi Group environmental management structure strengthened by the establishment

July 1999■ Formulation of Comprehensive Chemical Substance Management Policies

Japan’s Law Concerning Examination and Regulation

October 1999

■ Hitachi introduces a system for the disclosure of environmental informationof Manufacture and Handling of Chemical Substances

December 1999

■ Hitachi Group’s Environmental Action Plan revised completely

Hitachi exhibits at Eco Products 1999
■ Environmental Accounting Policies formulated

2000s

Japan’s Law for the Recycling of Specified Kinds ofApril 1999

of the Senior Executive Committee for Environmental Policy and the start of GREEN 21 activities

April 2000

Environmental accounting results disclosed

May 2000■ Green Award for Social Contribution established■ Organization or Committee ■ System ■ Groupwide Policy ■ Major External Awards

28

1998 Japan’s Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy revised

Environment Report 2000

Countermeasures promulgatedpromulgatedJapan’s Law Concerning Special Measures to Control
Dioxin promulgatedData on Environmental Performance
Fiscal 1999
쐽 Contents
쎲 Environmental Management System
GREEN 21 .........................................................................1• Hitachi Group Average Green Point Scores .....................1• Green Points for Hitachi, Ltd. and Affiliated Firms .........1
Environmental Management Performance..........................1• ISO 14001 Certification Status.........................................1• List of ISO 14001-Certified Sites......................................1• Green Purchasing Status ..................................................3
Environmental Accounting .................................................3• Performance Progress in Environmental Accounts .........3• Cost ..................................................................................3• Effect ................................................................................3• Eco-Efficiency ..................................................................3• Sales of Environmental Preservationand Environmental Conscious Products.........................3
쎲 Consideration for Environmental Issues in Products and Services• Products Given Hitachi’s Eco Label and Products Suppliedwith Extra Environmental Information for Consumers.....4• Achievement of Assessment Criteria ..................................4• Amount of Lead Used in Solder .......................................4• Amount of Polystyrene Foam Used in Packaging for
Home Electric Appliances ...............................................4
쎲 Consideration for Environmental Issues in Production
Activities
Global Warming Prevention and Other Issues ...................5• Composition of Energy Use .............................................5• CO2 Emissions..................................................................5• Water Consumption.........................................................5
Waste Reduction .................................................................5• Waste for Final Disposal ..................................................5Chemical Substance Management.......................................6• PRTR Survey Results ........................................................6
쎲 Exchanges with SocietyAwards.................................................................................7• Products Awards ..............................................................7• Operations Awards...........................................................7
Results of environmental operations of Hitachi, Ltd. and 20
affiliated companies (identified on the contents page of the
Hitachi Environment Report 2000). Figures for Hitachi, Ltd.
include some environmental impact data arising from operations
conducted for affiliated companies at parent company sites.

Hitachi GroupEnvironmental Management System

GREEN 21
쎲 Hitachi Group Average Green Points

쎲 Green Points for Hitachi, Ltd. and Affiliated Firms (FY1999 vs. FY1998)

Average improvement from fiscal 1998: 14.8%(Points)
0

Management
Policies

Total for each category=100 points

100

Information
Disclosureand Education

90

Compliance withEnvironmental
Regulations

80

200

70

Target Area
Equal toFY1998
Levels60

FY1998 Results

50
40
30

Management ofChemicalSubstances

20

Environmental
Accounting

FY1998 Total

FY1999 Total

462 GPs

512 GPs

400

7% Green Point
Improvement
Target: 21%
Improvement

600
Consideration forEnvironmental Issues
in Products and Services

Recycling

Improvement Level

Energy Saving
at Plants

800
800

Environmental Management Performance

600

400
FY1999 Results

2000(Points)

Certification Trends(Number of Sites)200

쎲 ISO 14001 Certification Status (Hitachi Group, Mar. 2000)
Hitachi, Ltd. (Unconsolidated)

Certified Sites

Affiliates in Japan

177
141

150

Overseas Affiliates

ManufacturingNon-manufacturing

ManufacturingNon-manufacturing

Manufacturing

33 (all sites)1

110 (all sites)

924

Affiliates
in Japan

89

100
50

32
5

0

1995

*Includes affiliates other than the 20 covered in the scope of the Hitachi Environmental Report.

1996

1997

Overseas
Affiliates

1998

1999

Hitachi, Ltd.
(Unconsolidated)(Fiscal Year)쎲 List of ISO 14001-Certified Sites (Hitachi Group, Mar. 2000)
No.

Date Certified

29

Production Engineering Research Laboratory

1997. 1.28

1

Hitachi Media Electronics Co., Ltd. Mizusawa Works/Koyamasaki Branch1997. 1.29

Hokkaido and Tohoku Regions

30

Consumer Products Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Division

1997. 1.29

2

Hitachi Telecom Technologies, Ltd.

1997. 9.29

31

Digital Media Digital Media Products Division

1997. 2.26

3

Hitachi Hokkai Semiconductor, Ltd. Chitose Works

1998. 1.27

32

Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Toyoura Works

1997. 2.26

4

Hitachi Yonezawa Electronics Co., Ltd.

1998. 1.27

33

Hitachi Medical Corporation Kashiwa Site

1997. 3.24

5Hitachi Hokkai Semiconductor, Ltd. Hakodate Works

1998. 2.24

34

Automative Products

1997. 3.24

6

Akita Electronics Co., Ltd.

1998. 3.24

35

Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Densen Works

1997. 3.24

7Hitachi Hokkai Semiconductor, Ltd. Tsugaru Works

1998. 8.25

36

Displays1997. 3.25

8

Nitto Denko Corporation Tohoku Plant

1998.10.28

37

Power & Industrial Systems Industrial Machinery Systems Division

1997. 3.25

9

Tohoku Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

1998.11.25

38

Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Hitaka Works

1997. 3.25

10

Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd. Chitose Works

1999. 4.21

39

Hitachi Tohbu Semiconductor, Ltd. Nagano Works

1997. 4.21

11

Nippon Columbia Co., Ltd. Shirakawa Works

1999. 9.29

40

Building Systems Mito Site

1997. 4.22

41

Hitachi Research Laboratory

1997. 4.22

No.

1

Date Certified

42

Hitachi Denshi, Ltd. Koganei Works

1997. 6.23

12

Information & Computer Systems Data Storage & Retrieval Systems Division

Kantou and Koshinetsu Regions

1995. 7.19

43

Semiconductor & Integrated Circuits Naka Site

1997. 6.23

13

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Goi Works

1995.11.28

44

Information & Computer Systems Group Enterprise Server Division

1997. 6.24

14

Semiconductor & Integrated Circuits Kodaira Site

1996. 3.26

45

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Head Office

1997. 6.24

15

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Shimodate Works

1996. 3.27

46

Industrial Components & Equipment Nakajo Division

1997. 7.29

16

Semiconductor & Integrated Circuits Takasaki Site

1996. 3.27

47

Device Development Center

1997. 8.26

17

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Kashima Works

1996. 6.25

48

Mechanical Engineering Research Center

1997. 8.27

18

Consumer Products Home Appliances Division

1996. 7.22

49

Hitachi Media Electronics Co., Ltd.

1997. 9.30

19

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Yamazaki Works

1996. 7.22

50

Industrial Components & Equipment Narashino Division

1997. 9.30

20

Semiconductor & Integrated Circuits Kofu Site

1996. 7.22

51

Power & Industrial Systems Power & Industrial Systems R&D Laboratory

1997. 9.30

21

Instruments

1996. 9.24

52

Hitachi Lighting Equipment, Ltd.

1997. 9.30

22

Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Sawa Works, Kasama Works

1996. 9.24

53

Hitachi Air Conditioning Systems Co., Ltd. Shimizu Works

1997.10.28

23

Telecommunication & Information Infrastructure Systems
Telecommunication Systems Division54

Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Tsuchiura Works

1997.11.25

1996.10.29

55

Hitachi Tokyo Electronics Co., Ltd. Head Office & Works

1997.11.25

56

Power & Industrial Systems Power Transmission& Distribution Division Kokubu Site

1997.12.22

24

Power & Industrial Systems Information & Control Systems Division

1996.10.29

25

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Yuki Works

1996.12.03

26

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Goshomiya Works

1996.12.26

57

Hitachi Computer Peripherals Co., Ltd. Nakai Works

1997.12.24

27

Digital Media Digital Media Systems Division

1997. 1.28

58

Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Tsukuba Site

1997.12.24

28

Digital Media Digital Media Systems R&D Division

1997. 1.28

59

Hitachi Electronics Engineering Co., Ltd. Shonan Works

1997.12.24

60

Hitachi Science Systems, Ltd.

1998. 1.26

Environment Report 2000

No.

Date Certified

120

Information & Computer Systems PC Division

1997.10.28

61

Hitchi Electronic Devices Co., Ltd. Shonan Works

Kantou and Koshinetsu Regions

1998. 1.27

121

Hitachi Joei Tech Co., Ltd. Gifu Works

1997.12.24

62

Hitachi Electronics Engineering Co., Ltd. Saitama Works

1998. 1.28

122

Hitachi IE Systems Co., Ltd.

1998. 9.24

63

Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd. Hamura Works

1998. 2.23

123

Nitto Denko Corporation Toyohashi Plant

1999. 3.11

64

Japan Servo Co., Ltd. Kiryuu, Urizura Site

1998. 2.23

124

Jidosha Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd.

1999. 7.19

65

Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd. Fuji-Yoshida Works

1998. 3. 6

66

Hitachi Car Engineering Co., Ltd.

1998. 3.24

No.

67

Central Research Laboratory

1998. 3.24

125

Horiba, Ltd. Head Office & Works, EL Works

1997. 6.04

68

Design Center

1998. 3.24

126

Hitachi Kiden Kogyo Co., Ltd. Amagasaki Works

1998. 1.26

69

Nippon Columbia Co., Ltd. Kawasaki Works

1998. 3.24

127

Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Ono Works

1998. 1.26

70

Hitachi Hokkai Semiconductor, Ltd. Sagami Works

1998. 3.25

128

Nitto Denko Corporation Shiga Plant

1998. 1.27

71

Power & Industrial Systems Hitachi Administrative Division

1998. 4.20

129

Hitachi Medical Corporation Osaka Site

1998. 2.23

72

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Tsukuba Research Laboratory

1998. 6.22

130

Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Kyoto Site

1998. 2.23

73

Hitachi Tokyo Electronics Co., Ltd. Equipment & Engineering Division

1998. 7.28

131

Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Osaka Site

1998. 2.24

74

Hitachi Elevator Engineering Co., Ltd.

1998. 8.24

132

Nitto Denko Corporation Kameyama Works

1998. 4.20

75

Hitachi Engineering & Services Co., Ltd.

1998. 8.25

133

ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. Industrial Machinery System Div. Ono Plant

1998. 6.18

76

Hitachi Plant Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.
Matsudo Research Laboratory

1998. 9.24

134

ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. Takarazuka Area

1998. 9.25

135

Hitachi Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Co., Ltd.

1998.11.24

77

Hitachi Haramachi Electronics Co., Ltd.

1998. 9.24

136

Sliontec Corporation

1998. 9.25

Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Kansai Area Operations Office andKansai Housing Equipment & Environmental Facilities Sales Office

1999. 2.23

78
79

Nitto Denko Corporation Kanto Plant

1998. 9.25

137

Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Kuwana Works

1999. 4.22

80

Nakayo Telecommunications, Inc. Operation Headquarters

1998.10.27

138

Hanshin Electric Co., Ltd.

1999. 7.28

81

Hitachi Engineering & Services Co., Ltd.

1998.10.27

139

ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. Special-Purpose Truck Div. Harima Plant

1999.12.02

82

Hitachi Engineering Co., Ltd.

1998.10.27

140

ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. Aircraft Div. Konan Plant

1999.12.27

83

Hitachi Shonan Denshi Co., Ltd.

1998.10.28

141

ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. Special-Purpose Truck Div. Hiroshima Plant

1999.12.27

84

Hitachi Hometec, Ltd.

1998.11.25

142

Hitachi Service & Engineering (West), Ltd.

1999.12.28

85

Power & Industrial Systems Thermal & Hydroelectric Systems Division,Materials Product Division

1998.11.25

143

Toyo Machinery & Metal Co., Ltd.

2000. 3.29

86

Hitachi Instruments Service Co., Ltd.

1998.11.30

No.

Chugoku and Kyushu Regions

87

Yagi Antenna Co., Ltd. Omiya Works

1998.12.18

144

Babcock-Hitachi K.K. Kure Works & Laboratory, Akitsu Works

1997. 3.21

88

Hitachi Oxygen, Ltd.

1998.12.22

145

Nitto Denko Corporation Kyushu Plant

1997.12.22

89

Hitachi Information Systems, Ltd.

1998.12.24

146

Power & Industrial Systems Kasado Administrative Division

1997.12.24

90

Hitachi Electric Systems Co., Ltd.

1999. 1.26

147

Hitachi Yanai Semiconductor Co., Ltd.

1998. 4.20

91

Hitachi Techno Engineering Co., Ltd. Ryugasaki Works

1999. 1.27

148

Nitto Denko Corporation Onomichi Works

1998. 7.28

92

Hitachi Printing Co., Ltd. Mitaka Works

1999. 2.23

149

Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Tottori Works

1998. 9.24

93

Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Electronic Devices Division

1999. 2.24

150

Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Yasugi Works

1998.10.20

94

Hitachi Kyowa Engineering Co., Ltd.

1999. 3. 1

151

Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Wakamatsu Works

1999. 1.25

95

Hitachi Transport System, Ltd.

1999. 3.11

152

Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Kyushu Works

1999. 3.29

96

Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Kumagaya Works

1999. 3.11

153

Seiko Electric Co., Ltd.

1999.12. 2

97

Hitachi Naka Electronics Co., Ltd.

1999. 3.29

98

Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Tsuchiura Works

1999. 3.30

No.

99

Tokico Ltd. Yamanashi Plant

1999. 4.21

1

Hitachi Home Electronics (Europe) Ltd.

1997. 1.27

100

Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Moka Works

1999. 4.22

2

Hitachi Air Conditioning Products (M) Sdn. Bhd.

1997. 4.22

101

Hitachi Service & Engineering (East), Ltd.

1999. 6.11

3

Taiwan Hitachi Co., Ltd.

1997. 8.28

102

Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Tsukuba Laboratory

1999. 6.30

4Hitachi Semiconductor (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.

1997. 8.29

103

Hitachi Kiden Kogyo Co., Ltd. Sano Works

1999. 6.30

5Hitachi Computer Products (Asia) Corp.

1997.10.21

104

Hitachi Information Technology Co., Ltd.

1999. 7. 9

6Hitachi Electronic Devices (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.

1997.12.16

105

ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. Special-Purpose Truck Div. Shonan Plant

1999. 7.28

7Hitachi Technology (Taiwan) Ltd.

1998. 1.07

106

Hitachi Tochigi Electronics Co., Ltd. Koganei Works

1999. 8.25

8Hitachi Semiconductor (America), Inc.

1998. 1.16

107

Nissei Sangyo Co. Ltd. Head Office

1999. 8.25

9Hitachi Automotive Products (USA), Inc.

1998. 3.05

108

Hitachi Techno Engineering Co., Ltd. Ebina Works

1999. 8.25

10

Kaohsiung Hitachi Electronics Co., Ltd.

1998. 5.28

109

Finance & Distribution Systems Software Division

1999. 9.29

11

Hitachi Semiconductor (Europe) GmbH

1998. 5.30

110

Hitachi Plant Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.
Environmental Systems Group & Civil Engineering Center

1999. 9.29

12Hitachi Computer Products (America), Inc.

1998. 6.19

13

Hitachi Electronic Products (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.

1998. 7.20

14

Hitachi Telecom (USA), Inc.

1998. 9.23

15

Hitachi Consumer Products (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.

1998. 9.25

16

Hitachi Computer Products (Europe) S.A.

1998.11.03

17

Hitachi Instruments, Inc.

1998.11.06

18

Hitachi Home Electronics (America), Inc.

1999. 3.18

19

Hitachi Nippon Steel Semiconductor Singapore Pte. Ltd.

1999. 4.19

20

Hitachi Air Conditioning Products (Europe) S.A.

1999. 5.04

21

Hitachi Elevator Engineering Co., (Hong Kong) Ltd.

1999. 7.21

22

Hitachi Electronic Devices (USA), Inc.

1999. 8.25

23

Hitachi Compressor (Thailand), Ltd.

1999.11.04

24

Guanzhou Hitachi Elevator Co., Ltd.

2000.03.17

111

Hitachi Via Mechanics, Ltd.

1999.12. 1

112

ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. Special-Purpose Truck Div. Sano Plant

1999.12.28

113

Hitachi Life Corporation

2000. 1.26

114

Tokico Ltd. Sagami Plant

2000. 1.26

115

Shuwa Industry Corporation

2000. 2.10

116
No.

Hitachi Lighting, Ltd.
Hokuriku and Chubu Regions

2000. 3.15
Date Certified

117

Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd. Toyama Works

1997. 1.17

118

Hitachi Media Electronics Co., Ltd. Hokuriku Works

1997.03.26

119

Information & Computer Systems Mechatronics Systems Division

1997.10.28

Kansai Region

Date Certified

Date Certified

Overseas

Date Certified

Environment Report 2000

2쎲 Green Purchasing Status
No.

Item

1

Copier and printer paper2(data for Hitachi, Ltd., unconsolidated)
FY1997

FY1998FY1999

Scale of Purchase

Wastepaper content
Brightness

70%
80%

100%
Less than 70%

100%
Less than 70%

Approximately 200 million sheets

Paper for publications

Wastepaper content
Brightness

Approximately 70% Approximately 70%
Approximately 80% Approximately 80%

70%
80%

Approximately 400 million sheets3

Business cards

Wastepaper content
Brightness
Case

70%
Less than 70%
Plastic

100%
Less than 70%
Recycled paper

100%
Less than 70%
Recycled paper

Approximately 360,000 boxes(1 box=100 business cards)

4

Green procurement guidelines

Wastepaper content

—

100%

—

10,000 sheets

5

Hitachi office supplies catalogs

Wastepaper content

50%

—

100%

Approximately 10,000 brochures

6

Envelopes

Wastepaper content

70%

70%

70%

Approximately 180,000 sheets

7

Writing materials• Pens and pencils• Files and related products• Other

Eco-products ratio*

Approximately 2%
0.0%
5.7%
1.5%

Approximately 18%
67.3%
26.4%
10.4%

20%
70%
30%
13%

Approximately 350 items
Approximately 110 items
Approximately 80 items
Approximately 160 items

8

Recovered toner cartridges

Recycling rate
Recovery rate

Approximately 30% Approximately 35%
—
100%

45%
100%

Approximately 6,000 units

9

100% post-consumer waste toilet paper

Wastepaper content

—

100%

Approximately 840,000 rolls—*Eco-products ratio: Purchasing price of environmentally conscious products/All products

Environmental Accounting(FY1999 performance data for Hitachi, Ltd., unconsolidated)쎲 Performance Progress in Environmental Accounts
Costs

Expenditure
Investments
Effect (Economical Effect)）(billions of yen)

FY1998FY1999

28.25
5.65
3.69

26.70
6.76
4.16

Expenses쎲 Cost(billions of yen)

Item

Cost

Overview

1. Control of environmental impact during production

9.77

Maintenance of equipment with low environmental impact, depreciation

2. Control of environmental impact prior toand after production

1.80

Green procurement expenses, recovery of products and packaging, transition to recyclable goods,
recycling expenses

3. Management activities

2.60

Labor costs of environmental management, employment of environmental management system, maintenance expenses

4. R&D activities*1

11.14

R&D for the reduction of environmental impact of products and production processes, product design expenses

5. Social activities

1.06

Environmental improvement, including greening and beautification, PR and publicity expenses

6. Other environmental protection expenses

0.33

Environment-related measures, contributions and levies

Total expenditures

26.70

Total investment*2,3

6.76

Economical
EffectGlobalPollution
Waste
warmingprevention
prevention reduction 15%
14%
22%

Other environmental
preservation
49%

Investment in energy-saving equipment and equipment that directly reduces environmental impact

쎲 Effect(billions of yen)

Item

Effect

Net income effectExpense reduction effect

1.10
3.06

Total

Overview

Profit on sales of recycled waste
Reduction in power expenses due to energy savings, reduction in waste
treatment costs due to reduction in waste

4.16
Item

Physical Effect*1. 3.7% of total R&D expenses. Here, product design
is included in R&D expenses.
*2. 4.2% of total capital investment*3. Makeup of capital investment

Amount ofReduction

1. Reduction in energy used during production
2. Reduction in final amount of waste disposal
3. Reduction in energy consumed during useof productsHousehold
Conversion

Overview

94
27,000 Decrease in energy expenses due to installation of
million kWh households energy-saving equipment792t
3,000 Decrease in ultimate waste output due to separation, recycling
165
48,000 Decrease in energy requirements of Hitachi products
million kWh

Note 1: Depreciation on capital investment and theresulting effect are calculated using a five-year
flat rate formula.
Note 2: Regarding the classification of items andeconomical effect• Net income effect: Effects for which there isreal income, including the sale of valuables andenvironmental technology patent income• Expense reduction effect: Reduction inelectricity fees and waste treatment expenses
with environmental impact reduction activities

쎲 Eco-Efficiency
Item

Amount ofReduction (A)Expense
Reduction (B)Energy use

94 million kWh ¥1.14 billion

Final waste disposal

792t¥1.23 billion

Efficiency of Environmental
Impact Reduction (A)/(B)

Note: Efficiency of environmental impact
reduction=Amount of reduction/Expenses

8.2 million kWh/¥100 million
64t/¥100 million

쎲 Sales of Environmental Preservation and Environmentally Conscious Products
Environmental preservation products
Environmentally conscious products

3

Environment Report 2000

Sales (billions of yen)

% of Net Sales¥
8.1¥1,018.7

0.2
27

Note: Environmental preservation products: Products manufactured for the purpose of environmental
preservation—for example, waste treatment systems
Environmentally conscious products: Products—energy-saving products, for example—manufactured
with design for environment (selected according to Hitachi guidelines)

Consideration for Environmental Issues
in Products and Services

쎲 Products Given Hitachi’s Eco Label and Products Supplied with Extra Environmental Information for Consumers
Product Name

No.

Product Number

Notebook PC FLORA 220 FX

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

PC1NNP3-G8C24B110
PC1NNP3-G8C24B120
SOU-CCDR
SOU-DD5CA
PC1NP3-P8C23B120
PC1NP3-P9C23B120
PC1NP3-P9A23B120
PC1NP3-P9G23B120
PC1NP3-G8C23B120
PC1NP3-G9C23B120
PC1NP3-G9A23B120
PC1NP3-G9G23B120

Super Amorphous Transformer
Notebook PC FLORA 220 FX(As of March 2000)

Date Registered

Environmentally Sound Aspects

December 13, 1999

Printed wiring boards do not use halogen-based flame retardants;
magnesium alloys used in the external PC casing
Uses amorphous alloys; improvements to the winding structure
reduce total losses by half
Printed wiring boards do not use halogen-based flame retardants,
magnesium alloys used in the external PC casing, or lead-freecontact solder.

March 9, 2000
April 24, 2000

쎲 Achievement of Assessment Criteria (Representative Products)
Are our products meeting the assessment targets set out in our Environmental Action Plan? This table explains the current state of affairs.
Product Type

Reduction in Disassembly Time
(Target: 60% Rise vs. Fiscal 1992)

Increase in Proportion of Recyclable Products(Target: 40% Rise vs. Fiscal 1992)

Reduction in Use of Polystyrene Foam
(Target: 60% Fall vs. Fiscal 1990)

General-Use Computers
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs)
Notebook PCs
Exchange Systems
Computers for Factory Automation (FA)In-Store Air Conditioners
Inverters
Automated Analytical Devices
Refrigerators
Room Air Conditioners
Washing Machines
Vacuum Cleaners
Color Televisions
Display Devices
VCRs

58
55
75
47
64
21
79
52
60
60
60
55
59
60
65

55
26
24
50
47
42
21
50
52
42
42
47
38
36
44

100
100
100
100
60
100
100
55
60
60
60
100
61
68
66

Division

Information Systems& Electronics

Power & Industrial Systems

Consumer Products

쎲 Amount of Lead Used in Solder
The amount of lead used in solder on printed circuit boards has
declined 21% since fiscal 1997, due to the employment of lead-freesolder for home electric appliances.
This data refers only to Hitachi, Ltd. (unconsolidated)

Amount of Lead Used
(FY1997=100)
100

100

쎲 Amount of Polystyrene Foam Used in Packaging for Home ElectricAppliances
The amount of polystyrene foam used in packaging home electric
appliances has fallen to 38% of fiscal 1990’s level, due to the use of alternative packaging made from cardboard pulp as well as reductions inthe size and volume of cushioning material required.
Amount of Polystyrene Foam Used (FY1990=100)

100
95

48

Digital Mediaand Consumer
Products

47

60

100

80

79

80

64

60

34

55
46
39

40

40
33

0

13

1997

12

1998

38

40

Power andIndustrial Systems

30

28

20
6

(Unit: %)

6

10
7

1999

Information &Telecommunication
Systems
Electronic
Devices(Fiscal Year)20

01990 1992 1994 1996 1998 1999 2000 (Fiscal Year)(Target Year)

Environment Report 2000

4

Consideration for Environmental Issues
in Production Activities
Global Warming Prevention and Other Issues
쎲 Composition of Energy Use

쎲 CO2 Emissions

Electric power and natural gas combined supplied 88.5% of the energy
Hitachi used in fiscal 1999. This is a result of a shift to those energy
sources from petroleum fuels made in consideration of greater
efficiency and the prevention of air pollution.

As a result of such comprehensive measures to save energy as improved
efficiency in air-conditioning systems and the introduction of cogeneration systems, CO2 emissions for Hitachi, Ltd. (unconsolidated)have been reduced to 81% of FY1990 levels, while emissions foraffiliated companies have been cut to 86%.
(CO2 Emissions, 1,000 tons/year)

(%)

100

9.7

11.5
2.0

9.4

4.4

2,000

(%)

100

100
86

85
84

4.5

80

81

80

1,500

Coal
Oil,
kerosene
Gasoline

60

82.5

40

83.3

84.0

75

Trends in CO2
Production-Related
Emissions

1,000

Hitachi, Ltd.
Affiliated Companies

LPG
LNG

20

500

Hitachi, Ltd.
Affiliated Companies

Electricity01999 (Fiscal Year)

1998

1990

40

CO2 Emissions

Natural gas

0

60

1990

1998

20

0

1999

2010 (Fiscal Year)(Target)(Note: Carbon conversion figures for purchased electricity use CO2 emissions released divided
by electric power used.)쎲 Water Consumption
By reusing a portion of wastewater after it has undergone treatment, reducing thecleaning procedures for products, and through other methods, Hitachi is working
to reduce water use. Total water use for Hitachi, Ltd. (unconsolidated) in fiscal
1999 was 29.42 million m3, 97% of the figure for the previous year. Water use
for affiliated companies was 20.64 million m3, or 99% of the fiscal 1998 total.
(1,000,000 m3)
40
Hitachi, Ltd.
(unconsolidated)

Hitachi, Ltd. and Affiliated Companies
Power & Consumer
Information Systems
Industrial
and Electronics
Systems Products
32.3%
7.6%
13.2%

29.4

30

By Segment (CO2 emissions for FY1999)
Hitachi, Ltd. (unconsolidated)
Digital Media and Consumer Products
Information &Power & Industrial
Telecommunication Systems
Electronic Devices
Systems
50.2%
21.8%
19.1%

AffiliatedCompanies

8.9%

Materials
46.9%

20.6

20

Surface Water

10

Industrial Water
Groundwater

0

1998

1997

1999

(Fiscal Year)

Waste Reduction
쎲 Waste for Final Disposal
By promoting the recycling of waste plastics, activated sludge, slag andother materials, Hitachi, Ltd. (unconsolidated) has reduced final disposal
waste to 16% of the total for fiscal 1991, while final disposal waste foraffiliated companies is at 95% of the fiscal 1998 level.

(1,000 tons)
500

100

400

Trends in Final Disposal
Waste Reduction(Affiliated Companies)(AffiliatedCompanies) 100
Trends in
Final Disposal
Waste Reduction(Hitachi, Ltd.
(unconsolidated))

100

95
85
75

75

Hitachi, Ltd.
(unconsolidated)

Amount Reduced
Amount Reused
Amount of Final
Disposal Waste

26

100

19

16

50

1991

1996

1997

1998

1999

Sludge
31.0%

R&D
0.1%

2.2%

Acids, Alkalis 8.4%
Plastics
28.6%

Oil 3.8%
Slag 4.3%

Cullet &Ceramics
15.4%

Hitachi, Ltd. and Affiliated Companies
Slag 39.2%

02010 (Fiscal Year)(Target Year)

Environment Report 2000

R&D
1.1%

By Waste Product (Final Disposal Waste for FY1999)

15

2005

Electronic Devices
25.9%

Paper
7.9%
Other 0.6%

25

10

5

Consumer Products
Information
Systems andElectronics 6.6%

Hitachi, Ltd. (unconsolidated)

2000Hitachi, Ltd. (unconsolidated) (Total: 5,000 tons)
Information &Telecommunication Power & Industrial Systems
Systems
40.2%
19.0%

Hitachi, Ltd. and Affiliated Companies (Total: 50,100 tons)
Power & Industrial Systems 7.4%
Materials 83.7%

300
48

Digital Media andConsumer Products
13.8%

By Segment (Final Disposal Waste for FY1999)

Dust 8.2%
Cullet &Ceramics
17.3%

Sludge13.9%

Plastics
11.5%

Construction Waste Materials 2.5%
Acids, Alkalis 2.1%
Metal Scrap 1.6%

Other
3.7%

Chemical Substance Management
쎲 PRTR Survey Results(1) Hitachi, Ltd.
Hitachi, Ltd. has records of usage for 50 of 179 chemical substances surveyed by five major electric and electronics organizations. Of thesesubstances, those for which the annual volume handled exceeded 50 tons in fiscal 1999 are detailed below.
Management
Classification

Chemical Substance

Volume Consumed(Including Volume Removed)

Volume Handled

Ethanolamine
ManageLead Compounds
ReduceBarium Compounds
ManageHydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) Reduce
XyleneReduceHydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
ReduceTolueneReduceSulfur Hexafluoride
ReduceZinc Compounds
ManagePerfluorocarbons (PFCs)
ReduceLead Solder
ReduceFormaldehyde
ReduceOthers (38)
Total

(Unit: t/yr)

Volume Recycled

Volume Transferred(Waste Products)

Volume Released(Air or Water)
FY98

FY98

FY99

FY98

FY99

FY98

FY99

FY98

1,690.44

2,943.46001,688.14

2,943.35

0

FY99

0.11

2.30

FY99

0

1,308.66

1,299.01

1,210.47

1,272.10

83.40

25.72

14.78

1.18

0.02

0.01

739.33804.50697.21759.51

42.00

29.92

0.06

15.07

0.05

0

1,531.90

535.25

1,501.46

523.11

0

0.20

0

0.22

30.44

11.72

355.26392.20

0.01

0.52

40.39

31.42

107.38108.96207.47251.30116.70297.52115.53284.56

0

0

0

0.03

1.17

12.93

169.27168.81

0.04

0.49

16.98

8.84

18.88

19.04

133.37140.44416.10167.40246.13101.38

60.21

5.65

0

0.05

109.7660.32

102.32119.75

36.83

79.24

46.57

28.83

18.68

11.68

0.23

0

93.35

95.50

68.48

45.19

0

0

0

0.89

24.87

49.42

74.76

79.97

46.92

51.62

27.84

27.15

0

0.20

0

0

77.42

50.50

71.51

46.74

0

0

0.01

0.05

5.90

3.71

431.93265.33241.69

96.19

32.16

67.56

103.68

59.66

53.36

41.94

7,107.43

7,218.22

4,236.30

3,260.65

2,037.69

3,168.64

263.48217.14568.96571.79(2) Affiliated Companies
Hitachi, Ltd.’s affiliated companies have records of usage for 72 of 179 chemical substances surveyed by five major electric and electronics
organizations. Of these substances, those for which the annual volume handled exceeded 500 tons in fiscal 1999 are detailed below.
Management
Classification

Chemical SubstanceStyrene Monomer
TolueneXyleneFormaldehyde
Manganese Compounds
Acrylonitrile
Di (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate
Molybdenum Compounds
Zinc Compounds
Bisphenol A
Zirconium Compounds
Nickel Compounds
Ethyl Acrylate
Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate
Others (58)
Total

Volume HandledManageReduceReduceReduceReduceManageManageManageManageManageManageManageManageManageVolume Consumed(Including Volume Removed)

Volume Recycled(Unit: t/yr)

Volume Transferred(Waste Products)

Volume Released(Air or Water)

FY99

FY99

FY99

FY99

51,632.23

51,534.22

FY99

6.74

9.12

82.15

9,925.98

5,845.24

6.79

445.493,597.89

5,743.14

5,133.45

1.79

77.69

530.21

4,469.11

4,404.02

26.02

36.00

3.07

3,238.89

3,121.59

76.69

40.18

0.43

1,804.60

1,795.23

0

0

9.37

1,540.20

1,540.10

0.10

0

0

1,009.15

982.58

2.53

23.43

0.01

838.01798.87

2.84

35.94

0.37

746.70716.70

0

30.00

0

604.44

5.33

208.18390.930583.77435.57132.19

13.43

0.05

583.10583.0300

0.07

578.22578.2200

04,849.77

4,138.72

154.33318.15236.17

88,147.30

81,612.86

618.191,420.35

4,459.77

Proportion of Volume Handled by Segment, Fiscal 1999
Hitachi, Ltd. (Unconsolidated)

R&D 0.01%
Power & Industrial Systems 6.9%

Electronic Devices
77.8%

Digital Mediaand Consumer
Products
13.7%

Information & Telecommunication Systems 1.6%

Power & Industrial Systems 2%

Hitachi, Ltd. and Affiliates
Materials
85%

Consumer
Products
7%
Information Systems and Electronics 6%

From fiscal 2000, Hitachi, Ltd. will report on the status of 1,100 chemical substances, including those specified in the Law Concerning Examination
and Regulation of Manufacture and Handling of Chemical Substances, as part of Hitachi, Ltd.’s autonomous substance management.

Environment Report 2000

6

Exchanges with SocietyAwards쎲 Products Awards
Area

Award-Winning ProductAward Name

Month and Year of Award

Conferring Organization(s)Measures to Prevent
Global Warming

Highly efficient year-round heater/cooler-type air conditioner

Japan Society of Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers Technology Prize

May 1999

Japan Society of Refrigerating and
Air-Conditioning Engineers

Perfluorocarbon Catalytic
Decomposition System

Environmental Excellence Award

June 1999

The Environmental Research Center
The Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, Ltd.

Small thermal storage air conditioner

Director’s Prize, Agency of Natural Resources
and Energy

June 1999

Heat Pump Thermal Center Japan

Amorphous transformer

Energy Conservation Prize and Energy Conservation Center
Chairman’s Prize

February 2000

The Energy Conservation Center, Japan

110W T8 series thin holders forhigh frequency fluorescent lights

쎲 Operations Awards(*Award to Hitachi affiliates. All other awards to Hitachi, Ltd.)

Area

Award-Winning Organization/District

Award Name

Month and Year of Award

Conferring Organization(s)Green Purchasing

Hitachi, Ltd.

Green Purchasing Prize for Excellence

June 1999

Green Purchasing Network

Measures to Prevent
Global Warming

Narashino Division

Award for Factory Energy Management Excellence Agency
of Natural Resources and Energy Director’s Award

February 2000

Ministry of International Trade andIndustry (MITI)

Narashino Division

The Energy Conservation Center Director’s Prize at the
National Convention on Cases of Energy Conservation
Excellence

February 2000

The Energy Conservation Center, Japan

Industrial Machinery Systems Division

The Energy Conservation Center Prize for Excellence at the
National Convention on Cases of Energy Conservation
Excellence

February 2000

The Energy Conservation Center, Japan

Telecommunication Systems Division

Highest Award for Excellence in Electricity-Use
Rationalization

February 2000

The Kanto Region Electricity-Use
Rationalization Committee

October 1999

Recycling Promotion Conference*Hitachi Medical Corporation,
Kashiwa Site

Recycling and Reductionof Waste Products*Hitachi Denshi, Ltd.,
Kobuchizawa WorksAward for Factory Energy Management Excellence(Electrical Division), Ministry of International Trade andIndustry (MITI)’s Kantou Bureau Director’s Prize

Information & Control Systems Division

Award in Recognition of Recycling Promotion Activities

Nakajo Division

Recycling Promotion Council Chairman’s PrizeEnterprise Server Division
PC Division Toyokawa Site
Digital Media Systems Division
Gifu Site
Displays Mobara Site
Naka Site
Instruments

7

Hitachi Air Conditioning Systems Co., Ltd.
Shimizu Works

The Aichi Prefectural Governor’s Award in Recognitionof Appropriate Disposal of Industrial Waste

May 1999

The Shizuoka Prefecture Industrial
Waste Products Association

Digital Media Products Division

Earth-Friendly Corporation Award
The Ibaragi Prefectural Governor’s Award(Environmental Management and Auditing Division)

June 1999

Ibaragi Prefecture

Building Systems Mito Site

Earth-Friendly Corporation Award*Hitachi Cable, Ltd., Hitaka WorksThe Ibaragi Prefectural Governor’s Award(Resource Conservation Division)

Narashino Division

The Chiba Prefectural Governor’s Award for Workplace
Excellence in Recycling and Reducing the Productionof Industrial Waste

October 1999

Chiba Clean Waste Convention,
Chiba Prefecture

Information & Control Systems
Division

Recognition of Recycling Excellence in the Workplace

March 2000

The Ibaragi Prefecture Industrial
Waste Products Association, Waste
Products Recycling Guidance Center

Environmental
Preservation*Hitachi Hokkai Semiconductor, Ltd.
Sagami WorksAward for Workplace Excellence in Environmental
Preservation

July 1999

The Kanagawa Prefecture Environment
Preservation Association

Exchanges
with Society—Environmental
Communication*Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
Shimodate district Three works

Kinugawa Riverbed Cleaning Award

July 1999

The Ministry of Construction,
Kanto Regional Construction Bureau

Newspaper advertisement about a
Aoko water bloom removal by magnetic
separation

Environment Agency Director General’s Prize, Newspaper
August 1999
Advertisement Division, and Grand Prize for an EnvironmentRelated Advertisement

Environment Report 2000

Japan EcoLife Center,
Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.,
Toyama PrefectureThank you for reading
the Hitachi Environment Report!
We want to make the best possible use of your opinions and advice in dealing with the environmental
issues and in compiling environment reports in the future.
Please take a few moments to fill out this questionnaire and fax it to the address below:

Corporate Environmental Policy Division
Hitachi, Ltd.
6, Kanda-Surugadai 4-chome,
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8010, Japan
Fax: (81) 3-3258-5810

Questionnaire

Please answer the questions below and fax the completed
questionnaire to the facsimile number on the right.

Corporate Environmental Policy Division
Hitachi, Ltd.
6, Kanda-Surugadai 4-chome,
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8010, Japan
Fax: (81) 3-3258-5810

Q1. Having read the Hitachi Environment Report, what did you think of it? Please check one box.
□ Excellent□ Good□ Not Particularly Good
□ Not Good
Please explain the reason(s) you chose the box that you checked above. (Contents, comprehensibility, etc.)●

Q2. What impressed you most about the Hitachi Environment Report? Please check as many boxes as you like from theselection below.
□ Environmental Management System □ Environmental Management □ Consideration for Environmental Issues in
Products and Services □ Consideration for Environmental Issues in Production Activities □ Providing Environmental
Preservation Systems to Society □ Research and Development □ Exchanges with Society—Environmental Communication□ Environmental Activities around the World □ The History of Hitachi’s Approach to Environmental Issues □ Data on)
Environmental Performance Fiscal 1999 □ Other (Of the item(s) that you checked above, what, if anything, specifically impressed you?

●

Q3. (For people who read last year’s Hitachi Environment Report.) How does this year’s report compare with last year’s?
□ Better□ Unchanged (Basically the same)□ WorseQ4. Could you let us know from what standpoint you read the Hitachi Environment Report? Please check one box.
□ I am a Hitachi customer. □ I do business with Hitachi. □ I am involved in politics or public administration. □ I ama researcher/educator. □ I work in the media. □ I work for a non-profit organization (NPO). □ I live near a Hitachi)Group facility. □ I am a Hitachi Group employee or a member of their family. □ Other (Q5. How did you find out about the Hitachi Environment Report? Please check one box.
□ Newspaper article □ Magazine article □ The Hitachi Web site □ By attending an seminar on the environment□ An exhibition □ Other ()
Q6. If there is an environmental issue that you would like to see us tackle, or feel that we are not tackling properly,
please let us know.

● Thank you for your cooperation. Please let us know something about yourself. (Optional)

Name
Address

Male/Female
AgeType of Employment and Company Name

(years old)