Socialist Republic of Vietnam“Nhat Tan Bridge (Vietnam-Japan Friendship Bridge) Construction Project”
External Evaluator: MITANI Katsuaki, TOYOTOME Ichiro
Katahira & Engineers InternationalField Survey: AUGUST 2010

1． Outline of the Project

Location of the Project

1-1

General view of construction of the pier P14

Objective of the Project
The objective of this project is to enhance transportation capacity for absorbing increasing traffic
demand by constructing a bridge over Red River and its approach roads, thereby contributing to theeconomic development of Hanoi district.

1-2

Outline of the Project
Outline of the Project is shown in Table 1-1

Table 1-1 Outline of the Project (1/2)
Contents

Items

L/A No. VNX III-2 (STEP)

Loan Number/ Loan Amount/13,698 million Yen

Loan Agreement signing date

31 March 2006
Project Owner: Ministry of Transport

Executing Agency etc.

Employer: Project Management Unit 85 (PMU 85)
Authority for Operation and Maintenance:
To be decided

2-1

Table 1-1 Outline of the Project (2/2)
Item

Contract

Description

Contractor
IHI Corporation (Leading

Package 1 (P1)Main Bridge and Northfirm)/ Sumitomo Mitsui

Approach bridge

Construction Co., Ltd.

Construction(member)JV (P1 JV)Contract
Package 2 (P2)
Package 3 (P3)South Approach including
approach bridge
North Approach

Not yet awarded
Tokyu Construction (P3Contractor)

Chodai/ Nippon Engineering Consultant JVConsultancy Contract

in association with TEDI (Chodai JV)Note) Bridge Department of IHI, Matsuo Bridge Co., Ltd. and Kurimoto, Ltd. were merged into IHI Infrastructure Systems
Co., Ltd. in November 2009. However in this Report, IHI which was named in the Contract Documents is used.

2． Review of the Mid-Term Review
2-1 Performance
2-1-1

Measures for mitigating Construction Risks

Performance Index conformed to Accident Categories (refer to Table-3 in General section) is given in
Table-2-1. There are 6 minor accidents.
Table 2-1 Performance Index by Accident Categories
Serious←Category→Minor

A

B

C

Total

0

0

6

1

0

0

1

3

0

0

5

Package

Remarks

Near-missProperty damages 3 Nos. ,Accidents without DAFW 2 Nos.

Near-miss of Package 1 is that a pin of pre-installed shackle for setting a leader to a diesel hammer (piledriving machine) was dropped by vibrations generated. After this near-miss, anti-drop function was added
to all pins.
Property damages in Package 3 includes turning over of re-bar cage for in-situ pile by an operation
mistake of a crane operator, falling by 1.5m of concrete pile by using un-appropriate lifting gear.

2-1-2

Measures for mitigating Labour Risks

Table-2-2 shows “Accident Frequency Rate” i (AFR) and “Accident Severity Rate” ii (ASR)of this project.
Because both AFR and ASR are 0.00 and 0.00, it is excellent if compared to those of Civil Works in Japan,
rates of which are 0.94 and 0.21 respectively. It shows that daily safety activities were well managed by theContractors.
2-2

Table 2-2 Comparison of AFR and ASR
AFR(DAFWC*: Nos.)

ASR(DAFW**: Days)

0.00 (0)0.00 (0)Project Total
Total man-hours
Package 1
Total man-hours
Package 3

1,577,007 man-hours
0.00 (0)708,970 man-hours
Leading firm 182,750 +member 526,220
0.00 (0)Total man-hours
Civil works in Japan

0.00 (0)0.00 (0)868,037 man-hours

0.94

0.21

(As of the end of July 2010 except P1 JV leading firm, the figure of which is as of August 2010)* DAFWC (days away from work case: Nos.)**DAFW (days away from work: man-days)
The figures in this review are calculated from the basic data, DAFW of which are 4 days or more, as
shown below.
The number of accident: 0
Total working days lost: 0 day (No fatal accident)*Figures for Japan were obtained from the domestic works contract, carried out in Fiscal Year 2008, the contract price of
which was more than 1,000 million yen.
(Source: Home page of Japan Advanced Information Center of Safety and Health, Occupational Accidents Statistics)

2-2

Process
The review results for the Consultant and the Contractors for P1 leading firm, P1 JV member and P3
with respect to the process for mitigating Construction Risks and Labour Risks are shown in Sub-Clause
2-2-1 to 2-2-4. The Contactor of Package 1 is a joint venture of two Japanese Construction Companies.
Because leading firm and member of P1 JV mainly engaged in Super structure and Sub-structure of bridge
respectively, review was carried out separately. Whole checklists for Safety Management System used in
the hearing of P1 JV leading firm, P1 JV member and P3 Contractor are attached in Reference of thisreport. Summary is included in Sub-Clause 2-2-2 to 2-2-4.

2-2-1

Consultant (for Detailed Design and Construction Supervision)

The terms of reference of the Consultant covers from a review of Feasibility Study to Construction
Supervision, and includes Detailed Design. The results of review are as shown in Table 2-3 and Table 2-4.

2-3

Table 2-3 Results of review of measures for mitigating Construction Risks by the Consultant
Contents and Results of Review
The following checking consultants carried out independent design checks
Safety Measures for
the Permanent Worksof the detailed design made by the Consultant
Structural design of cable stay bridge: Schlaich Bergermann Und Partner(Germany)
Whole of detailed design including street lighting etc.: local expert group including University professors
Comment reply was made by local office and design department of head office jointly. Final approval forrevising the design was made by Project Manager (PM).
Comprehensive Review
of Construction
Documents

PM nominates a team of Foreign engineer and Local engineer for
reviewer. Depending on the importance of the works, members of theteam selected are minimum two and maximum 4. If necessary, theconstruction documents are sent to Head office for review. After checking the contents of review by theteam, PM extracts the comments to be sent to the Contractor for his action. When the contents ofconstruction documents satisfy the required standard, PM approves the construction documents. SD
requires the final approval of PMU 85 and the work shall not be commenced on site without the approvalof PMU 85.
Strict application ofTechnical Specification
to the Works

In order to confirm the quality, quantities and safety, inspections by thestaffs of the Consultant is carried by applying Technical Specification(TS) strictly after internal inspections by the Contractor.

The following points in TS are specifically noted.
 Loading tests and Monitoring on main temporary structures to check the structural integrity as acompleted structure Temperature control of placing in-situ concrete

Table 2-4 Results of review of measures for mitigating Labour Risks of the Consultant
Contents and Results of Review
Joint Safety Patrol with
PMU 85 and theContractor

Under a policy that “Prevent an accident which can be expected to occur.”,Monthly joint safety patrol with PMU 85 and the Contractor is carried out
and unsafe actions/facilities etc. are pointed out. After patrol, a meeting isconvened to record corrective actions identified and status of corrective actions identified in the previous
meeting is also checked.

2-4

Contents and Results of Review
Introduction ofextensive requirementsof Safety in TS

Extensive requirements are listed in Part I-Section 6 Project Safety of TS.
 Safety induction training for workers newly entered into site
 Guarantee of direct reporting line of Safety Officer to PM in respect ofsafety issue Introduction of statistic Indexes for monitoring and measurement of safety management activities
Special Note)
In respect of manpower of the Consultant, further shortage is anticipated according to Appendix 1 & 2 to the Answer to
Questionnaire once Package 1 Superstructure and Package 2 works commences.

2-2-2

P1 JV leading firm (Superstructure)
At the time of review, fabrication of steel members for the bridge, such as steel girders and anchor box
etc. was on-going in the following factories, which have ISO 9001 certifications.


Aichi factory of JV leading firm in Japan

Factory in Vietnam operated by IHI Infrastructure Asia, 100% shares of which is owned by JV
leading firmMitsui Thang Long Steel Construction operated by a joint venture of Mitsui & Co., Mitsui
Engineering and Shipbuilding Co., Ltd and Thang Long Bridge Co.

Staffs of JV leading firm in the site office were engaged in preparing, submitting and revising theConstruction Documents according to the comments made by the Consultant. No site works werecommenced. Policies of Quality and Safety of JV leading firm are as follows.

Quality
Policy• Provide good products which satisfy customer's demand• Prevent occurrance of defective work cost andcompensation cost

SafetyPolicy• Target of the Company: No Accident• Completely achieve all kind of Construction works onschedule with no accident• Promote high safety awareness to all Vietnamies workers

Quality policy has following 4 items for its crystallization.
i. Restructuring of product manufacturing mentality to “Make it with our own initiative”
ii. Enhancement of Interface Management for various parties engaged in constructioniii. Remove problematic factors by QC patrol
iv. Eliminate mistake at the beginning stage (prevent mistake in advance)
2-5

Safety policy also has the following 4 items for its materialization.
i. Establish and effectively utilize PDCA cycle
ii. Give safety training to all new workers
iii. Eliminate all dangerous factors by KY (risk assessment) activities
iv. Eliminate plan mistake and human mistake (human error)

The results of review are shown in Table 2-5.

Table 2-5 Review Results of JV leading firm
Items

Contents and Results of Review

Measures to

The Contractor’s Internal Review of the Construction Documents (MS/SD etc.)

mitigate
Construction
Risks

Subcontractor

Preparation by
Subcontractor

Preparation by
the Contractor

Prepare*****The Contractor

Review
PrepareMarked on the organization chart. Designer
Authorized Designer
nominated by experience and ability based oninternal rules
Review
Review
Authorized Key Personnel Engineers approved by PMU 85 after evaluationof experience, qualifications and ability written
including PM
in CV
Communication method with workers Construction Manager (CM) explains the
documents
toJapaneseof the contents of the documents approved
approved by the Consultant and Supervisor (SV), Site Engineer (SE),Subcontractor’s Site Manager (SM) andchecking measures on Site
Forman (FM) at weekly or monthly
meeting. Briefing to workers was carried out by SV or SE of the Contractor, orotherwise by SM or FM of Subcontractor.
Checking on site was done by SE and when he identified non-conformance, he reported
CM for his action. If necessary, CM issued an instruction requesting corrective actions.
The Contractor provided thorough instruction that drawings without any “Approved”
stamp were not able to use for construction.
 Internal Inspection Procedures
After an internal inspection by Subcontractor, SE and QC engineer of the Contractor
carrys out an internal inspection. Head of department such as CM, Fabrication Manager,
Material Engineer etc. check the results of the inspection. Upon an approval of manager
of QC department, Request for Inspection (RFI) is submitted to the Consultant.
 Risk Management
The Construction Documents for major works were reviewed by Erection Review
Board (ERB) od head office with involvement of experts who has the same or similarworks experiences, in which risk assessment was also carried out.

2-6

ItemsContents and Results of Review
 Loading Tests on temporary facilities
A loding tests will be carried out using concrete blocks the weight of which areequivalent to the loads acting on temporary facilities, such as a bent truss for installingconcrete slab and false works for concrete bridge cast insitu.

Measures tomitigate
LabourRisks

 Quality Management System
Quality Management System of Head office of JV leading firm is applied to the sitequality management. The above QMS was certified for its compliance to therequirements of ISO 9001.
 Utilization of past experience in Vietnam, such as Binh Bridge Construction
JV leading firm wishes to utilize his first experience in Vietnam of Binh Bridge
Construction The same Japanese SV and local operators for cranes etc. will be
employed. Construction of steel bridges will be carried out by labour supply
subcontractor under supervision of Japanese SV and that of concrete bridges will bemade under the subcontract with local experienced subcontractor(s).
 Safety Activities and Trainings
Safety induction training for new workers, Safety Patrol, Safety Committee, Safety
Officer, Emergency evacuation drill, subscription of river information including forecast
etc., the same system applied P1 JV member will be applied.
 Safety Management System
A safety management system and manual implemented by Head Office will be
employed. The above SMS includes Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) system in which ,whenan accident occurs on the site of JV leading firm in the world, primary report will besent to staffs by e-mail within several hours and the results of FTA and corrective
actions established and approved by Head Office will follow.

2-2-3

P1 JV member firm (Substructure)
Piling for piers for a main cable stay bridge No. P13, P14 and P15 by steel pipe sheet pile foundations
have been completed and a full scale test of assembling re-bar for a segment of Pylon was carried out inorder to check effectiveness of detailed design and corresponding method statement.

Policies for Quality and Safety are as follows. JV member firm applied his original Project Management
System (PMS) for Safety Management and Quality Management on site works. Quality Management
System, which is a part of PMS, of International Division of member firm was certified for its complianceto the requirements of ISO 9001.

2-7

Quality
Policy• We improve Technology and Creativity to provide Quality
Services that Satisfy the Society

SafetyPolicy•Follow the Basic Rules and Procedures Go for Zero Accident•Establish site safety rule following Government law and SMCC'sregulation To Achieve Zero Accidents•Repeat [Plan/Do/Check/Action] in each process of work To Ensure
Safety•Coordinate with Subcontractors,proceed voluntary safety activity,
remove & reduce all risk & hazard, provide Safety Environmrnt for
all workers To Continuously Improve Safety Management Level

Quality policies include the following 6 commitments to materialize them.
i. We Deliver Quality Construction Service that meets Customer’s Requirement.
ii. We develop & Improve Construction technology to meet Society’s requirements
iii. We establish Quality Objectives and Make regular Review
iv. We educate Staffs & Conduct Internal Audit to achieve Quality Management Target
v. We communicate Internally and Externally to exchange views and learn from it
vi. We Continue to Review & Improve Quality Management System

Internal Audis of PMS operated by a local
office are carried out by auditor team which
consists of not only auditors of Head office, butalso one regional auditor appointed fromregional office in Shanghai, Jakarta, Bangkok or
Singapore.

Review results of JV member firm are shownin Table 2-6. Because procedures up to Internal
inspection is the same as those of JV leading
firm, those portions are omitted in Table 2-6.

Net for falling prevention and unit scaffold
2-8

Table 2-6 Review results of JV member firm
Items

Contents and Results of Review

Measures to Risk Management
At the time of preparation of Project Safety Plan required by PMS, not only Construction
Risks and Labour Risks, but also credit risks and other risks were identified andcountermeasures were discussed. Before award of contract and before commencement ofworks, construction review meetings were held with involvement of design and technicaldepartment of Head Office.

mitigate
Construction
Risks

 Loading Test for temporary facilities etc.
In addition to the measurement of bearing capacity of foundation piles for a temporary
jetty, a loading test was carried out after completion of the jetty using a crawler craneplanned to use on the jetty. A full scale re-bar assembling test was on-going to verify the
space of re-bar in the design and check the effectiveness of method statement.
 Quality Management System
QMS, which is a part of PMS, was applied to the site works. Quality/Safety manager
carried out site patrol by himself more than once a month and he compiled his findings
and proposed corrective actions as a Monthly Audit Report and he submitted it toInternational Branch via. Regional office.

Measures tomitigate
Labour Risks

 Emergency Preparedness
Under the requirements of procedures for Emergency Preparedness in SMS, which is alsoa part of PMS, Emergency Evacuation Plan from sandbar in Red River during high flood
season and emergency drill was carried out as per the same Plan.
 Introduction of Safety Activities and Facilities as per Japanese style
Upon entry to the site: Safety induction training is carried out for all new workers.
Daily Activities: Toolbox meeting, Daily safety meeting
Weekly Activities：Weekly Safety Patrol
Monthly Activities: Monthly Joint Safety Patrol with PMU85/ the Consultant. After joint
patrol, Monthly Safety and Environmental Protection Meeting is to be held with the sameattendants. Meeting minutes are made for follow up action.
In addition to the above, Safety Promotion Meeting (Anzen Taikai) with attendance of all
workers, Monthly Safety Patrol and Safety and Hygiene Committee with attendance ofmanagement of Subcontractors are carried out.
Temporary unit scaffolds, staircases etc. were introduced as safety facilities and Safety
officer team consists of two Japanese Safety officers and local safety officers. In casesafety standard of Vietnam is not clear, then Japanese safety standard is applied.
 Risk Assessment for Labour Risks
Items to be reminded for safety were added to Work procedures. Preparation was made for
explaining the contents of Risk Assessment by its Vietnamese translation.
 Sharing accident information (Lateral spread or Horizontal development)
By a procedure of Safety Management System(SMS), when a labour accident which has 4
DAFW or more, an accident which has considerable affect to the Employer and/or public ,a primary report should be made to International Branch within 24hours. After further
report to the Head Office, an Accident/Incident Report- Preliminary will be distributed to
all regional office. Accident Report with corrective actions to be taken will follow shortly.

2-9

2-2-4P3 Contractor (North Approach Roads)
Due to the delay of handover of work site, drainage works, foundation for piers for viaducts, surcharge
embankment for soft ground improvement etc. were under construction in the limited area. Diversion ofhigh voltage (110 kV and 35kV) lines into underground was being carried out by other contractors.

Safety policy and Quality objectives of P3 Contractor are as shown below.

• Priority on Quality & Reliability
Quality • Compliance with Laws, Regulations and Traditional Culture
Objective • Progress of Customer's Satisfaction• Continuous Improvement to achieve better outcome

SafetyPolicy• No Fatal Accident• No Third-Party Accident

Progress of Customer’s Satisfaction of Quality policy includes 5 commitments.
i.

Understand the Customer’s requirements clearlyii. Deliver and complete the work on timeiii. Keep high quality performance by implementing Quality Management System
iv. Perform the customer’s work request promptly
v. Keep the work safe by implementing Safety Plan

The review results of P3 Contractor are shown in Table 2-7.

Table 2-7 Review results of P3 Contractor
Items

Contents and Results of Review

Measures to

The Contractor’s Internal Review of the Construction Documents (MS/SD etc.)

mitigate
Construction
Risks

Approved Subcontractor
The Contractor

Prepare a draft based on a discussion with an engineer incharge, of the Contractor. (45days before commencement)
Primary Review: engineer in charge
Secondary Review: CM or equivalent engineer(s)Final Review and Internal approval: PM
Internal approval of PM is to be made within two weeks after
receipt of Construction Documents.

2-10

ItemsContents and Results of Review
Before commencement of works, Safety Officer(Vietnamese) and engineer in charge arranges a meeting for
explaining the contents of documents with the following
personnel. Records of meetings are kept.
 Site agent of the Subcontractor
 Site agent or foreman of Subsidiary company(Sub-Subcontractor) who is responsible for actual site
works
 Workers, operator of cranes etc. , electrician etc. whoworks on site
Engineers in charge of the Contractor and of the
Subcontractor check the compliance with MS on site.
 Internal Inspection Procedures
Before internal inspection, an inspector prepares an inspection sheet based on thedrawings for construction included in approved MS. If no problems are identified, hesubmitts RFI to the Consultant. Qualifications for an inspector of the Contractor are
university graduates who majored in Road, Bridge and Civil or equivalent. Vietnameseengineers who had experience of working for Japanese contractors as an inspector were
employed.
Internal inspections for materials are carried out by QA/QC staffs.
Communication methodwith workers of thecontents of the
documents approved by
the Consultant andchecking measures on
Site Risk Management including third-party (Public) risks
Following risks were identified in the risk management and countermeasures were
established.
 Existence of high voltage power line of 110kVand 35kV
 Accidents by construction vehicle, such as a traffic accident and an accident gainst
residential people(third-party accident)
 Falling down accident and/or accident caused by cranes, bull dozers etc.

Measures tomitigate
Labour Risks

 Quality Management System
QMS of Head Office which has ISO 9001certification was applied to site works. Internal
Audit by Head Office was carried out annually, which is scheduled in September 2010.
 Risk Assessment for Labour Risk
Refer to Risk Management including third-party (Public) risks.
 Safety Activities
Upon entry to the site: Safety induction training is carried out for all new workers.
Daily: Toolbox meeting, Safety Walk, Daily safety meeting
Weekly: Weekly Safety Patrol on every Friday
Monthly Activities: Monthly Joint Safety Patrol with PMU85/ the Consultant. After joint
patrol, Monthly Safety and Environmental Protection Meeting is to be held with the sameattendants. Meeting minutes are made for follow up action.
In addition to the above, on the first working day of the month, Safety Patrol withattendance of management of Subcontractors are carried out and Safety Promotion
Meeting (Anzen Taikai) with attendance of all workers are carried out. Workers who
showed good safety practice were cpmmended.
 Emergency Training
Employment of First Aiders, liaison with emergency hospitals, preparation of emergency
contact lists etc. were made as per Emergency plan and education of such plan to all
2-11

ItemsContents and Results of Review
workers was made. However no emergency drill was carried out.
 Safety Contributions
The predetermined sum is deducted from the payment due to the Subcontractor whose
workers made many unsafe acts, in other words, the Subcontractor makes safetycontribution, and such sum is provided for resource of safety award etc.

3． Mid-Term Review Results, Lesson Learnd and Recommendation
3-1 Mid-Term Review Results
3-1-1

Performance
As of the end of August 2010, work progress rates of Package 1 and Package 3 were 14.2% and 12.8%
respectively. There were neither Category A accident nor Category B accident. Only 6 Nos. of Category C
accidents were recorded.
Beacuse no accident of worker which has 4 days away from works (DAFW) or more, Accdent
Frequency Rate and ASR for the Project become 0.00. it is excellent to keep AFR as 0.00 where total
working hours exceeded 1.5 million hours.

3-1-2

Process

3-1-2-1

Measures mitigating Construction Risks(1) Design of Permanent Works
Sclaich Bergerman Und Partner ofGermany, employed by PMU 85 as a checking consultant,independently checked the structural design of main cable stay bridge and whole of detailed design
including street lighting etc. were checked by the local expert group including University professors.
The Consultant arabnge his head office design department to carry out the review of the Construction
Documents which are considered to be important.

(2) Risk Management
The Consultant specified in the Technical Specification that the Consultant reserves the right to request
loading tests of main temporary facilities to check the structural integrity as a completed structure. P1 JV
carried out a loading tests of temporary jetty and further loding tests will be carried out for a bent truss for
installing concrete slab and false works for concrete bridge cast insitu.
By the records, it is confirmed that P1 JV leading firm carried out risk management in Erection Revew
Board for important Project specified in QMS and with invlvement of experts and managers of head office.
In rsk management of P3 Contractor main focuses were on the works adjacent to the high voltage powerlines and third party (public) accident.

2-12(3) Emergency Response Manual
P1 JV, who worked around sandbar in Red River, an Evacuation Plan during high flood season wasmade and trainig was carried out. P3 Contractor has prepared an emergency manual for injury of workers.

(4) Degree of achievement for requirements in Quality Management System
P1 JV and P3Contractor applied QMS of their head office or International division of head office whichhas ISO9001certification. There are detailed provisions in respect of Qulaity Management in Vietnam
domestic laws and regulations, such as Decree No. 209/2004 on Quality Management of Construction
works. That fact encourages the Contractor to apply his ISO 9001 certified QMS to the site works.

3-1-2-2

Measures mitigating Labour Risks(1) Degree of achievement for requirements in Safety Management System (OHSAS)
Because P1 JV member applied SMS, which is a part of his own Project Management System (PMS) ,tothe site works, all requirements were fulfilled. Although P1 JV leading firm or P3 Contractor was notapplied a safety management system, requirement of SMS were regarded to be substantially fulfilled
judging from the checking results using a check list.

(2) Measures for mitigating Labour Risks
In addition to Monthly joint safety patrol with PMU 85/ the Consultant/ the Contractor, the following
safety management activities which becomes normal exercise of the construction sites in Japan, werecarried out.
Safety induction training for workers newly entered into the site

Daily toolbox meeting before start of works



Daily Safety meeting for reporting, coordination, discussion of safety issues etc.



Weekly and Monthly Safety patrol

Monthly Safety Promotion meeting with attendance of all workers on site (“Anzen Taikai” inJapanese)

Method statements were prepared reflecting the results of risk management and/or assessment.
It is noted that P1 JV member assigned Safety Officers and applied safety standard in Japan to the safety
facilities, such as net for preventing workers falling down inside of steel pipe pile, a diameter of which is
1.2m, and unit type temporary scaffold.

3-2

Recommendation

3-2-1

Recommendation for Executing Agency
It is recommended to let the personnel assigned to Safety management to attend at the Monthly joint
safety patrol with the Consultant and the Contractor and state opinions of PMU 85 as the Employer.
2-13It is also recommended to accelerate the diversion works, carried out by other contractor, of the highvoltage lines, which are located in relatively low position and located at the middle of work site, toimplement the works below such power lines. Longer the high voltage lines exist in the existing position,
the higher probability of the occurrence of accident becomes.

3-2-2

Recommendation for Contractor

3-2-2-1

Recommendation for P3 Contractor
The works adjacent to the above high voltage lines should be carried out after all workers are kept

informed and understood of the risks identified in risk assessment and corresponding countermeasures.

3-2-2-2

Recommendation for P1 JV/P3 Contractor
It is recommended for P3 Contractor to carry out safety drill for an emergency. It is also recommended

to repeat safety drills on regular basis against anticipated risk events.

Note)
MOT TCQM suggested reviewer to include the following items into recommendation for the Contractor,
who engaged in the projects funded by ODA Yen loan.
1) In addition to safety talks with newly employed workers, enough safety training to the workers should
be carried out.
2) It is recommended for the Contractor to select Subcontractor who employs vocationally trained or
educated workers, such as graduates of vocational training school etc.
However the above 2 items are not included in recommendation, because 1) our review results showed that
the Contractors carried out necessary safety training to the workers employed on site. 2) employment oftrained or educated workers was not able to check within timeframe of mid-term review.

3-3

Lesson Learned
Although it is very physical and primitive method, lesson has learned that a method to check thefunction of the completed temporary facilities by carry out physical loading test has been applied andeffective where there are unknown factors in ground conditions. From the point of reliability, this method
is considered to be the best. However this method has inherent problems in costs and time. It is aspired for
the Japanese consultants and/or Japanese contractors to research and develop an alternative method in
substitution for physical loading tests, by analyzing accumulated data of physical loading tests, andeffective utilization of those.

2-14